Dayton City (part 8 of 50)

As may be inferred, it was no easy task to carry so expensive an enterprise in a city of less than twenty Hibubda'l inhabitants. Constant appeals were made to the more liberal, and when this resource failed, resort was had to concerts, which enlisted all the professional and amateur musicians of the city, who gave their services gratuitously. The first of these, called a musical soiree, was given in 1849;'and' in 1859 a series of "Old Folks' Concerts," which were very popular, and netted to the association several hundred dollars. All these concerts were conducted by the late Professor James Turpin, who was ever ready freely to give his services to promote any worthy public object. |

The manuscript records of the association are preserved in the public library, and furnish a complete history of it from the beginning to the the last three years of the life of the association, when it was laboring under constant difficulties. Jie does not hesitate to depart from the conventional dignity and dullness of ordinary minutes, and the records kept by him are very entertaining reading. Ile might rival Mark Tapley for having feasted on lion's meat, have little or no taste for the flesh of inferior animals; but hon's meat is now, as heretofore, fifty dollars a meal

By this time the Pubhe School Library had become a formidable rival to the Library Association, furnishing the pubhe with a large variety of fresh books free of cost. As the sole object of the members of the Library Association was to provide for the city a good public library, the conclusion was reached that the public would be best served by the union of the two libraries. In 1860 the members of the Library Association, by a vote, transferred their valuable library and furniture to the board of Gaction Many of the choicest books on the shelves of the public library were obtained in this way, particularly the invaluable volumes of Dayton newspapers from 1808 to 1860. From these newspapers the largest part of the local history published has been derived, and could not have been written without them.

It would be unjust to close this sketch of the Dayton Library Association without a passing tribute to Wilbur Conover. In spite of the exactions of a iaborious profession, he gave a large amount of thought, labor, and time to both the Dayton Library Association and the Public School Library, rendering them invaluable service :

By the excellent school law of 18538, a tax of one tenth of a mill on the dollar valuation was levied for hbrary purposes, the money so raised to be expended, and the books distmbuted by the State superintendent of instruction. The law contemplated the establishment of district school libraries, and the books purchased with that view lacked the variety necessary for city hbraries. It was determined in Dayton not to distribute

After .reeciving such books from the purchases of the superintendent of instruction as were suitable, he was requested to pay in money any balance due the city, and cheerfully comphed with the request, The amount of money received was fourteen hundred dollars. Twelve hundred and fifty volumes were purchased, comprising books in every to meet the popular wants, and the library was at once appreciated and extensively used. It was opened in the fall of 1855 in a room on the second floor of the United Brethren building, on the corner of Main and first librarian, and at that time the library was accessible only on Saturdays. In 1858 it was removed to the Central High School building, then just completed, where it remained until the umon with the Library Association, in 1860, when it came into possession of its elegant rooms. The inviting rooms and the addition of several thousand volumes of choice books brought the library into great prominence, and it became, as it has since remained, an object of city "lid A librarian was employed to devote his whole time to it, and since then it has been kept open every secular day and evening, excepting legal holidays. In 1807 the library was removed to the old City Hall, and when that building was torn down aud until the new building was completed, in 1876, a room im the building - next north. of ae courthouse was occupied. The rooms in the new City Ilall were expressly fitted up for the lhbrary, and were creditable to the city.

In 1856 the legislature suspended the tax of one tenth of a mill on the dollar and subsequently repealed the law. From that time until 1860 the hbrary was imaintained by appropriations made by the board of education from the contingent fund. :

In 1860 the legislature pas: ssed an act empowering boards of education; in cities of the first and second class, to 'levy a tax of one tenth of a mill on the dollar valuation, and under this law the library has been conducted, until the passage of an act by the legislature in 1887, establishing a library board for Dayton. Until the passage of this act, the annually. It is unquestionably better to have an independent board, with longer terms of oflice, a part going out each year. Stability is thus given to the management, and a part of its members always possess valuable knowledge of the library, and experience in its government. The first board consisted of six members: two appointed for three years, two for two years, and two for one year. It was provided that after the end of term of three years. The president of the board of cducation is ex-officio menber of the board. Under the law the board of education may levy a tax of one fourth of a mill annually on the dollar valuation for the support of the library. , Among the important events in the. history of the library was the publication, in 1884, of the exhaustive alphabetical catalogue. No one unfamiliar with such work ean form any conception of the immense labor involved in the compilation of such a catalogue. It is of the greatest practical use, making available vast stores of information, which would

A word may be said of the character of the library. It has -been the aim of the committees who have had it in charge to make it as complete as possible in every department, and to ud up a symmetrical library. To accomplish this, experts in every branch of literature and science have been consulted from time to time. As Dayton is a manufacturing city, it has been the aim to furnish sach books as would be useful to those engaged in mechanical and manufacturing pursuits, and the library contains a large number of the best books that treat on these subjects. The reference books are numerous, and there are few subjects on which satisfactory information may not be obtained. In the departments of history, biography, travels, poetry, the drama, and essays, it is no exaggeration to say that avery large part of the best books in the Englsh language may be found. 'The library is particularly rich in Shaksperiana. We may anticipate an annual increase in the future of from fifteen hundred to two thousand volumes, and can readily imagine what a grand hbrary it will become - a jewel worthy of the splendid casket which has been provided for it. :

As the hbrary grew in size, the need of a library building was increasingly felt. Suecessive hbrary committees called the attention of the board of education to it, but nothing was done effectively until 1884. The library committee of that year, consisting of Dr. W. J. Conklin, A. Junikl, and: George Meda on the 26th of June, 1884, offered a resolution that a committee of four be appointed to inqnire into the expediency of the board erecting a library building that should be fire proof. This-was adopted, and the president of the board appointed as such committe: Messrs. W. J. Conkhn, A. Junikl, George Neder, and Elihu Thompson. The conmnittee reported favorably, and the erection of a library building was agreed upon. Various sites were proposed for the building, but after full consideration the City Park was chosen and the consent of the city council obtained for the use of a portion of it for that purpose. )

Attention was now given to the plan of the building. Mr. W. F. Poole, of Chicago, who, from lis large experience in libraries in Boston, Cincinnati, and Chicago, has no superior in the knowledge of library construction and management, was invited to visit Dayton and suggest a plan. The plan suggested by. him was substantially adopted, particularly as to the storage of books, after it had been submitted to prominent citizens who were invited to meet Mr. Poole. The rotunda so common is more imposing, it is attended with serious objections. By the plan adopted the books are all on the first floor with low shelves, within easy reach of the librarians, thus economizing space, securing casy and rapid delivery, and preventing the damage to the binding of books resulting from the excessive heat of the upper galleries.

Architects were invited to subnut designs in accordance with the plan. and three were presented. The committee' were 'unable to agree aud asked the board to add three members to the committee. The additional members were Louis Reiter, :C. LL. Bauman; and A. A. Winters: On the 5th of March, 1855, this committee reported that they had agreed upon the design submitted by Peters & Burus, architects of Dayton.

On the lith of June, 1885, Mr. kh. M.. Allen offered a resolution, which was adopted, that the Committee on Buildings. and Repairs be instructed to advertise for bids for the work of excavation and furnishing of the materials and labor necessary in the construction and laying of the

Mildebrand, and for the foundation, stone, and work to Conrad Jlerrman. On the 17th of September the bids for the cut-stone and brick work were opened, and after being referred to the Committee on Buildings, the contract was, om, the. Ist of October, awarded to. Mr. A. Dolly) Jr') :The contracts were awarded for wrought and cast iron work to McHose & Lyou; carpenter work to B. N, Beaver; plastering to George B. Sefton;

The architects describe the building as follows: "In general style of architecture the building is a free treatment of the Southern French Gothic, or Rhomancsque, built of Dayton limestone, laid in random range work, with Marquette red sandstone trimmings freely used, giving a very rich, contrast, assisted largely by red slate for the roof. The building, standing in the park among the trees, will always lave a very attractive appearance."

202 | HISTORY OF DAYTON. Vice p eee lh Dr. De Sieeib eC, J. D. PI u nine i. Thresher, H. L. Brown, Wilbur Conover. } Secretaries: Ry W. Steele, G. W. ae I, H. Kiersted. 'Treasurers: 'V. Winters, DOT broen,"Y. V. Wood) W.-C) Bartlett, H. §. Fowler, Charles G. Grimes, J. H. Winters i ea D. Beckel, dames MeDaniel, z G. Lowe, J. TT. Peiree, Jonw Howard, Wdmund Smith, eb: Gunckel Ay Philips, A: Pe. funman, Joseph Gy Crane, Me Ay mre. > aN. ae Dy EH. Mead, Mie aoe 5. Craghead, Harvey Conover, TJs. Smith, i. GB.' Bruen, E. C. Ellis, E. 8S. Young, James Campbell, Dr. John 'Davis, D. W aymire Library «committees of the board of education: Henry L. Brown, Hoe. Lorsyin, John "uawrence, W. Bomberger iS. Boltin, i' Biliott, g. V¥. Miller, John Howard, BO YF "Ayres, Rh. W. Steele, "Do AY Houk, E. M. Wood, Wilbur Conover, E. 8. Young, W. J. Shuey, W. F. Heikes, i He Koersted,. GG. P. Clarke, G. Mo' Dane, "W.G) Winchell, "George L. Phillips, J. R. Andrews, J. G. Soulsby, C. L. Bauman, C. N. Vallandigham, D. G. Breidenbach, W. J. Conklin, A. Junikl, 8. W. Davies, J. A. Marlay, G: Neder. ; The library board to 1889: W. o. Conkiin, ds a. tall, re co Allen, J. A. Marlay, George Neder, J. A. McMahon, IL. C. Marshall, R. W. Steele. In 1844 the Cooper Female Seminary was soled an ae The first board of trustees consisted of Samuel Porrer, J. D. Philips, Edward W. Davies, Robert C. Schenck, Robert W. Steele, and Richard Green. The principal object of the founders was to sanlevae a school for the thorough education of their daughters at home. The name was given in honor of the founder of the town. The trustees of the Cooper estate, with the consent of Mrs. L. C. Backus, gave to the seminary a large and valuable lot on First Street, extending from Wilkinson to Perry strects, and ¢ liberal subscription of stock was made by citizens for the erection aA ry building suitable for day and boarding scholars. The stockholders neither desired nor expected dividends on their stock, and the only privilege they enjoyed above others was the right to vote for directors to manage the institution. In October, 1845, the school was opened. Mr. E. E. Barney was clected principal, and entered upon the work with the ability and energy that characterized whatever he undertook. Under his management the school attained a great reputation, and attracted a large number of scholars from abroad.

The following persons served as principals of the school in the order in which they are named: E. EH. Barney, Miss Margaret Coxe, Dr. J. C. Fisher, Rev. Victor Conrad, Rey. John 8, cuatialnd) Mrs. b. G. Galloway, and J. A. Robert.

Educational. O25

For many years the seminary property was exempt from taxation, but was placed on the duplicate by order of the auditor of state. As the owners of the property derived no profit from it, and it was used for educational purposes, the trustees believed that it could not be legally taxed and refused to pay. The property was sold for taxes and the trustees, acting on what they thought sound legal advice, appealed to the courts. The decision was adverse, and by this time the taxes, penalties, and court costs amounted to a large sum, which the stockholders personally were unwilling to pay. Rev. John 8. Galloway, at that time principal of the school, bought the tax title and paid' the costs in selfdefense. Subsequently his widow obtained from a large majority of the stockholders the transfer of their stock to her, and by the purchase of the reversionary interest of the Cooper heirs, became the unquestioned owner of the property. Although the trustees had ceased to exercise jurisdiction over it, the schoo] was continued until June, 1886. 'The property has now been sold } by Mrs. Galloway and will be used for other purposes. While it is to be regretted that this valuable property has been lost to the public, no blame can justly attach to anyone in the matter.

The Parochial Schools connected with Emanuel Cathohe Church were established almost immediately after the church itself was organized in 1832. The present brick school building was erected in 1865. It is two stories high and seventy by ninety feet in size. It contains six schoolrooms and a chapel. The boys oceupy three of the schoolrooms and are and are taught by Sisters.of Notre Dame. The school for boys was established in 1875 when the brothers came to take charge, the sisters having had charge of both boys and girls until that time. The ordinary branches of an Eaglish education are taught in both English and German, and in addition needlework is taught the girls.

Sisters of Charity. Since that time the two sexes have been. tanght in separate schools, the girls still being taught by the Sisters of Charity and the boys by the Brothers of Mary.. The school building for the girls is inmediately east of the second district public schoolhouse on Second Street, and the St.Joseph's public school for boys is opposite the church building of the parish. It is a two-story brick building and was erected at a cost of thirty-five thousand dollars. .In this building there are about two hundred boys in regular attendance. In both schools both the ordinary branches and the higher branches of an English education are taught.

254 HISTORY OF DAYTON, ina small building, which was suppl: Were n i738 by the present" one ereeted ata cost of five thousand and three hundred dollars. There are in this building three rooms for boys and ee for girls, and there are enrolled about two hundred and fifty pupils. The boys are taught by the Brothers of Mary and the girls by the Sisters of Notre Dame.

The schools connected with Holy 'Trinity 'Church 'were ey early in the history of the chureh, and sinee then the schoolhouse firs erected has been Horn down, and a larger one erected a little distance ae. the church edifice for the girls and another more spacious for the boys. Each has four rooms, and that of the boys has besides a large Hall Tor meetings. There are enrolled about two hundred of each sex in these schools, and the boys are tanght by the Brothers of Mary and the girls by the Sisters of Notre Dame.

There is also a school connected with the new Catholic chureh, the Holy "Rosary, in North Dayton, which has its ANSaRGERE in the new building.

St. Mary's Institute had its origin in 1849 for the purpose of aiving employment to three unemployed teachers and to es stablish a better schoo! than any then in existence here. The ground upon which the school is located was purchased of a Scotchman, named John Stuart. Two of the three brothers who were to take charge of the school arrived 'in Dayton on March 8, 1850, and one of these two, Rev. M. Zchler, is still connected with the institution. 'The third one arrived 'here two days afterward "to take charge of the farm. The movement so far had been under the supervision of Rev. L. Meyer,°a priest, who caine to Dayton to assist the Rev. Mr. Juncker, then pastor of Emanuel Church, and afterward bishop of Alton, Ulinois. On the 9th of March, 1850, the deed was made to the one hundred acres of land of which the farm is composed, and as

Rev. Father Meyer had no money he handed Mr. Stuart a small nredal of St. Joseph, saying, "St. Joseph will pay." Mir. Stuart, soon after selling thirty-seven day scholars. In September of the same year boarders were admitted, the boarding school being started with one pupil, Joseph Greulich. Rev. Father Meyer, in 1853, purchased twelve aeres more land, which lay within the corporation Hnuts and adjoining the other land. In 1854 he built an addition to the first house erected, but in December, 1855, a fire broke out and destroyed both the new building and the old. The brothers, together with their superior, were then without. a home and hada debt of twelve thousand dollars on their hands, as they

Rrr Rite Gion Nti

The little community for a time lodged in a house in town, which was being erceted, and had in it neither doors ner windows. In Augus 1856, they began to rebuild the old house, and carried on the work as itn and means would permit. Such was their snecess that in 1857 the school was reopened and was well patronized from ne first.|, Inj November, 1862, Rev. L. Meyer was recalled to France, where he opened an orphan asylum at, Kembs, Alsace. Before he left this country, however, he had paid off all the debt upon the property and left it unencumbered. As the number of pupils increased, it became necessary to erect another building. In 1864 the buildings in existence were a chapel, thirty-two by sixty feet; the main building, forty by eighty feet, and a wing to the south, thirty by sixty feet. To this wing was added a building extending eastward forty by eighty feet, i a basement and two stories for schools and sleeping reoms..) A. dwelling -house was erected an 1866, forty, by sixty feet... In 1868 a church was built, fifty by one cabal and twenty-three feet, and forty feet from floor to ceiling. In 1870 the actual institute building wa erected. 'This is four stories high, has a Mansard roof, seventy by one hundred and sixty-four feet. It was built in a very substantial manner and cost sixty-two thousand dollars. 'Che lower floor of this building 1s occupied by two large study halls, two parlors, a refectory, a kitchen and a store-room. 'There is a corridor on each floor, ten feet wide; with stairs of easy ascent, with iron plates covering the steps at each end of the building that lead up to the different stories. The ground floor' is taken up with eight class rooms and eight private rooms. Other stories are occupied for the various purposes of the institute, and the fourth floor is one large hall extending over the entire building, and is used as a sleeping room. 'The amusement hall consists of four different divisions - a floor sixty by one hundred and ten feet, and then sixty by fifty-eight feet on a floor for quiet amusements. The bath house consists of twelve small rooms, each provided with a window, bath tubs, and faucets for both cold and warm water. The upper story is frame and is the exhibition hall,.m which the pupils give entertainments from time to time during the year. The expenses for construction were ten thousand and five hundred dollars, and the buildings so far were all complete and paid for.

The Rev. L. Meyer was superior provincial until] 1862, when he was suceceded by the Rev. John Courtes who served until 1864. From this time until 1886 the Rev. J. N. Reinbolt served in that capacity, and was then suceeeded by the present superior provincial, Rey. L. Beck. The superior provincial has charge of all the schools belonging to the Brothers of Mary in the United States, Canada, and the Sandwich Islands.

from 1869 until 1886. Te was then succeeded by Brother Jobn Kim, who is still in that position. Like the superior provincial, he is obliged to visit all of the schools in the province once each year. Of these schools there are about forty in the United States, one in Canada, and thirty-two in hundred and fifty teachers, each of whom has, on the average, sixty scholars under his care, making a total of at least fifteen thousand scholars in the province.

The first superintendent of the institute was the Rev. M. Zebler, one of the first of its teachers, who served until 1876. At this time he asked to be relieved from the cares and responsibilities of his position, and was succeeded by the Rev. Francis Feith, who was suecec eded m 1879 by the tev. George Meyer. ev. George Meyer served until 1886, when he was succeedéd by the Rev. John Harks, and he was succeeded in his turn: by the present superintendent, Rev. Joseph Weckesser,

The present normal school building was erected in 1888, to take the place of one that had just been destroyed by fire. Previous to 1870 this building had been used for both boardihg. and normal school,.but then the building on the north side of the church relheved the one on the south side from its boarding scholars, and has since been used exclusively for the normal school, with the slight exeeption of being used for teachers who have served out their years of uscfulness as a kind of retreat. Rev. George Meyer has been the superior of the normal school since 1886, when he succeeded Brother Joseph Senentz, who is now employed at Tokio, Japan, in connection with a college which the Society of Mary established there in 1858.

attendance at the present time, including day scholars and boarding scholars. The day scholars usually comprise about one third of the entire number in attendance. The institute was incorporated in 1878, and in 1882 it was empowered by the legislature of Ohio to confer degrees. 'The academic year consists of but one session, beginning on the first Monday in September, and closing the last week in June. Candidates for admission are required to present testimonials of good moral character, and being examined immediately upon their arrival at college, they are placed in the classes to which they belong. The course of study includes the common branches, and a full classical, commercial, and theological course, the student making his own choice of the higher course of study which he will follow. 'The discipline of the school is firm yet kind, strict obedience to the rules, diligent application to study, and blameless conduct being required of every pupil. In securing these results, appeals are made to the honor of the pupil, to his Pena e, and to religion. Deaver Collegiate Institute was established by Professor G. C. Deaver in 1876. The first year the school was tanght in vee City on the site of the old military school, which was burned down in January, 1877, and at that time it was removed to its present location, the northwest corner of Wilkinson Street and Monument Avenue. The object of the school is to prepare young men and boys for college, and the course is of such a grade that scholars pursuing it faithfully are admitted to the Freshman class of such colleges as Harvard, Yule, Amherst, Wilhams, and Cornell. For several years Professor Deaver had difterent assistant teachers, but the plan not succeeding to his satisfaction, he amended it by and teaching them all h imself. Professor Deaver is a graduate of Princeton, and has met with remarkable success in his educational work in Dayton, his scholars in numerous instances having carried the honors In the leading colleges in the country.

Miss Anna L. J. Arnold's select school for girls is located at No. 310 West Second Street. It was established in the fall of 1886. The number of scholars in attendance has steadily increased until, at the present time, there are seventy. There are three distinct courses of study in this school - literary, scientific and classical. The design of the school is to prepare , and two of the graduates of the school entered:

Wellesley College in 1 those young women who do not intend to pursue their studies after leaving this school, the last term's studies for those who finish their education here being literature, the history of art, chemistry, geology, mental science, and two of the ities languages - - Latin, German. and French. oak teachers in Miss Arnold's school are Miss Auna L. J. Arnold, principal; Miss Frances R. Benson, primary department; Miss Ella G. Sullivan, intermediate department; Miss Myrtle Brett, penmanship and conventional drawing; Miss Emma Mercer, vocal and instrumental music, and Mrs. A. L. Howard, French. Scholars from this school -are admitted to Vassar, Wellesley, and some other colleges, on certificates.

into the Cooper Academy building, and at last into Room 8, Rike's building, where it is at present. The number of scholars is limited to fifteen. The course of study is adapted to the wants of each student, each student ica. to ee a eet, (Phe scourse: of ne includes the ancient languages (Latin and Greck), French and German, English literature, and a thorough course in the natural sciences.

held an important position among the educational forces, not only of the city, but.of the central West. It was founded in 1860 by JE. D. Babbitt, Esq., a cultivated, scholarly man, who, after a little over a year, admitted into partnership with him the present proprietor and principal, Mr. A.D. Wilt. During the four years in which they were associated together, the ollege received a large patronage and was firmly established. 'The firm issued the Babbittonian system of penmanship, which became widely known throughout the United States and in Hngland. This branch of. their business assumed such proportions that in 1864 Mr. Babbitt retired to take entire control of My and Mr. Wilt has since then been sole owner and manager of the college, excepting a period of four years and a half, from 1882 to 1886, during elias time he was postmaster of the city, and at that time had associated with him as partner Mr. W. HH. Sunderland, who retired in 1886, leaving Mr. Wilt in sole control again.

Since its foundation the college has had an attendance of between seven and cight thousand students, many of whom are among the leading business men of the West, their successful careers illustrating in the most satisfactory manner the practical value of the course of training here also a series. of practical transactions in a thoroughly equipped practice department. This department is provided with banks, and transactions are made by students in the various departments of trade, in such a way as to elucidate the operations of the business world.

In addition to the course in book-keeping, a very comprehensive course in phonography has been given for the past seven years, and hundreds of graduates have entered business eflices as amanuenses. The college has occupied for a number of years the entire upper floor of the elegant Firemen's Insurance building, on Main Strect. Its present corps of instructors consists of the principal, A. D. Wilt, and Messrs. Charles § Billman and Bickham Lair in the book-keeping departinent, and Miss Ella Steely and Miss Margaret Parrott in the phonographic department.

Union Biblical Seminary is located on the northwest corner of First and Euclid streets, in Dayton, Ohio, on a slight elevation, which ecommands an excellent view of the city, its suburbs, and the surrounding country. The grounds contain five aeres of land. The building is a neat, substantial, three-story brick structure, with porch, tower, and double front. Its dimensions are sixty-four by eighty-three fect. It contains, on the first floor, a chapel, business office, and two recitation rooms; on the second floor, a library and two recitation rooms; and on the sceond and third floors, well furnished dormitories for the aecommodation of twenty-five students. The cost of the building was about twelve thousand dollars, and the building and grounds are now valued at

Previous to es the Chureb of the United Brethren in Christ had no institution specially devoted to theological training. In a few of the colleges instruction in some of the branches of theology had been given to young men who intended to enter the ministry, but nothing had been attempted adequate to the necessities of the Church. The General Conference of 1869, therefore, which was held at Lebanon, Pennsylvania, "instructed the bishops to appoint a board of education, whose duty it should be, besides secking to promote the general work of education in the Church, to devise and adopt a plan for founding a Biblical institate, to be under the control of the General Conference, and to take measures to raise funds, to HOG Ne the institution, and to proceed with its establishment as soon as possible.'

Accordingly, the following persons were appointed members of the board of education, namely: Rev. Lewis Davis, D. D.; Rev. Daniel Shuck, ev. WC. Smith, nev: Wie Wirioity dew 0.5. epi! art, Rev. D. Eberly, Rev. '8. Weaver, Rev. P!'B. Lec, Rev) W. 8. Titus,;;and, Rev. E. Tight. «This board met, July 29,1870, and passed resolutions soliciting one hundred thousand dollars for the founding of the proposed institution, to be located in or near Dayton, Ohio, and to be called Union Biblical Seminary. At the second meeting of the board, August 2,187], it was resolved to open the seminary, October di, 1871, with Rev. L. Davis, D. D., and Rey. G..A. Funkhouser, A. M.,as professors. The executive committee was empowered to add another member to the faculty. They accordingly appointed rev. J. P. Landis, A. M., pastor of Home Street [now SiRanit Strect | Church, to assist in the work of teaching." The exceutive committee consisted of Bishop J. J. Glossbrenner, Rev. W. J. Shuey, Rev. L. Davis, D. D., Rev. John Kemp, Rev. D! KF ficient, Rev: D. Berger, and Rev. M. Wright. 7 |

The seminary was opened at the time appointed, October 1, 1871, the classrooms of the Ilome Street Chureh, Dayton, Ohio, with es students. This church was used for seminary purposes for eight years, in addition to its oceupation by the congregation. Meanwhile Rev. John Kemp, Jr., treasurer of the Missionary Society from 1853 to 1869, donated grounds not far from the chureh, valued at ten thousand dollars, and upon this site a seminary building was erected in 1879, and to this building the work of the seminary was transferred in September of the same year.

ae re) 2 b) to its head from the presidency of Otterbein University. He held the position of senior professor until 1886, when, on account of advanced these gentlemen have been connected with the institution from the beginning... Rev. J.P. Landis, D. D., occupied a professorship from 1871 to 1874, and also from 1880 to the present time. Rev. A. W. Drury, D. D., was called, in 1880, to the chair of Church History, which he and Church History from 1874 to 1875, and Rev. George Keister, A. M., was Professor of Iebrew Exegesis and Biblical History from 1875 to 1880. The faculty at the present time are Rev. G. A. Funkhouser, D. D., Senior Professor and Cherry Professor of Greek Exegesis and ioe Rev. J. P. Landis, D. D., Professor of Systematic Theology and Hebrew Exegesis; Rev. A. W. Drury, D. D., Professor of Church and General History; and Rev. L. Davis, D. D., Hmeritus Professor and Lecturer.

The general financial agents from 1871 to 1885 were Rev. John Kemp, Rev. 8. M. Hippard, Rev. W. J. Pruner, and 8. L. Herr. The office of general manager was created by the General Conference of 1885. Rev. D. R. Miller was elected to the position, and reélected in 1889.

The number of graduates from this institution from year to year has been as follows: 1874, eight; 1875, six; 1877, five; 1878, fourteen; 1879, two; 1880, four; 1881, five; 1882, five; 1883, cleven; 1884, twelve; 1885, cleven; 1886, ten; 1887, nine; 1888, ten; 1889, four. Total number of graduates, one hundred and sixteen. The entire number of students that have been in attendance at this institution is two hundred and eighty-two. |

The Alumnal Association, organized in 1880, now numbers one hundred and sixteen members. It bas created a fund for an alumna! library, which hbrary is used in connection with that belonging to the seminary, and is being enlarged by additions made each year.

| SATE ATE om jest! HACKER fis oifesetl ty oto ewmdinua wow RBT ai fox dyin 1 ae Naess. 'twas lncisrcthe an tot but 2 be teotw chil IE onatnasate dn wie!

Chapter Xiv

"Thave now to do an act of justice to Dayton by stating the extent xf the flood here on the 2d of January, 1847: It has been so grossly exaggerated that IT have thought it worth while to give, in the accompanying diagram,* an exact representation of that portion of the town plat west of the canal basin, which > was inundated. The submerged portions are marked in the plat. From tins it will be seen' that vot one fifth of the whole town plat was overflowed; and from the levelness of the ground, to anyone who has since taken an observation, it will be clear that on that portion which was covered, ts 1e water could not have been more than a few inches in depth.

"The river had been rising for several days, and on the first, the principal merchants along the canal basi thought it prudent to raise their goods to the second story, in anticipation of any accident that might happen to the levee, which was then new and not yet settled. A few minutes after midnight, the insignificant outer levee that had for years been neglected, weakened by earth being hauled froin it to fill up house yards and roads, gave way near Bridge Street, and the- inver levee being insufficient to withstand the torrent suddenly rushing upon it and rising in a breast two feet above it, soon after fell in. A breach once made, the waters rose say ee covering the ground floors of houses in the vicinity. At one o'clock the church bells rang an alarm. <A crowd of men with boats and on horseback promptly turned out to resene those who lived on the low grounds west of Perry Street, while others asseinbled on the levee north of Mill Street with shovels to check the there, The water Tada" by this time risen nearly to the top of the bank, and the work was soon abandoned as hopeless. A small party

*In the absence of the plat referred to in the text, the following description of the boundaries of that portion of the cily not submerged, nay be of use: Water Street on the north, from Wilkinson to Mill Street; thence alone a straight line to the intersection of Main and Sixth streets; thence to Perry Street, and thence to the bevinning. There was but litthe water within these limits.

The Great Floods

passed down Kenton Street, St. Clair Shelly and Stone Street, ronsing the inhabitants along the line of the basin, and advismg them to move their valuables into the second stories of their houses. 'The levee gave way near the head of Mill Street about two o'clock, and the water, rushing down the canal basin, gradually rose to the level exhibited on the diagram, which is taken from a map by John W. Van Cleve from personal observations at the time.

"In the course of the night all the principal citizens opened their houses, hghted fires, and offered accommodations to those whom the water had temporarily rendered homeless. The council, on the next. day, voted a handsome a. to reheve the wants of the destitute.

"Tt was a bright moonheht night, and the air was calm and mild. There was not a life lost nor fo mnnee rod, nor did any accident happen during that might or afterward. In striking contrast with the truth, it was represented abroad that one hundred and fifty persons, at least, were drowned; { that the poor, shivering survivors were huddled eens on the high grounds awaiting their fate in agony; that persons were rescued in boats from the third-story windows,of some of the lugh buildings in the town, and that Dayton was literally in ruins. The damage was estimated at a million and a half, a sum, by the way, equal to half of all the personal property in Montgomery County. i

"From the most accurate information that could be collected, the loss sustained by the private individuals in Dayton could not have exceeded five thousand dollars, and that was made up principally in inconveniences occasioned by the wetting of carpets, the spoiling of such family stores as happened to be left in cellars, the damage done to fences from floating driftwood, and to the yards by being washed by the torrent, ete. If engineers had quietly staked off the limits to which the water rose, and slowly let it in upon the town to that height for some public design, it is extremely doubtful whether it would have excited sufficient attention to interrupt the course of business for half a day. It is not that which we see, but that which we apprehend will come after - evils bodied forth by the imagination, but which never happen - that chiefly excite our terror.

" A levee was soon afterward constructed which will completely secure the lower parts of the town from any such catastrophe for the future."

The tlood above deseribed occurred on Saturday, and the Journal and Advertiser of Mouday, the 4th, stated that many persons did not leave their dwellings until it was too late to retreat. ILorses and boats were used to rescue them, and all were removed to a place of safety in this way, through the indefatigable labor and effort, aud in some cases to the imminent peril of those who so promptly and nobly undertook that service. Among those employed in this way, the following gentlemen are entitled to be specially uoticed: David Johnson, Joseph Barnett, r., Pielding Loury, Jr., Charles Harris, Wilham and Frank Maker, the Messrs. Fair, John Lehman, M. Wilson, Thomas Morrison, Joseph Crane, T. Ware, and Tim. Farnham, the latter belonging in Washington Township. |

The same report said that all the canal bridges were so. badly damaged that they could not be crossed by horses, except the new one across the canal in the vicinity of the break at the head of Water Street. The First Street canal bridge was the first one to go down, and those at Third, Fifth, Sixth, Jetterson, and Main streets were badly damaged, and had to be rebuilt.

On the western side of the city the principal damage was sustained by the owners of building materials on the ground and of new buildings in course of erection. There were given the names of thirty-three " principal sufferers." On January 6th the same paper said, in correction of reports that had been circulated, that not one fifth.of the plat of the city had been at any time overflowed, and the statement was also made that at that time the water was down so low that by a ride of a few hundred over the Miami River on the Troy pike could be reached. The waters soon subsided, and the great flood of January 2, 1847, was a thing of the past.

One of the heaviest rain storms that ever occurred in this region of country commenced on September 17, 1866. It prevailed for nearly three days, a steady, pouring rain. 'The streams above and below Dayton were all largely swollen, and on Tuesday, the 18th, all railroad communication was cut off. At E)k Creel, on the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton

&> bridge that had been swept away a few weeks before was being rebuilt, was swept away, and as a consequence trains were stopped on that road. The railroad track on the Dayton & Michigan Railroad, just this side of Troy, was washed away, and travel stopped in that direction. <A bridge on the Dayton & Western Railroad, near New Paris, was destroyed, and five bridges on the Indiana Central, between Piqua and Columbus, also. At dark on Tuesday night, the Miami River had overflowed its banks and covered all the adjacent bottoms. 'The Third Street way to the bridge was under water. Old citizens had never seen the river rise so rapidly it did on Tuesday. On the Dayton & Western Railroad the abutment of the bridge at Brinley's was washed aw ay ak also the bridge at Deep Cut.

between Briuley's and New Varis.: At a quarter of twelve o'clock on Tuesday uight, there was a temporary cessation of the deluge, but the Miami River was rising with extraordinary rapidity. A powerful tide was running across Third Street roadway and conimunication was cut off with the new bridge. At two o'clock a, M., Wednesday morning, it was still raining with no prospect of clearing away.

There were scenes of desolation on every hand. From the summit of the ridge in Kast Dayton, there was a wide prospect of water in the valleys and broad, open pools above Bucktown. The corn in the fields, as far as the eye could reach, was standing up in'seenting defiance of the floods. At the head of the hydraulic there was a wide crevasse, and from that point down to Spining's corner, there was an 'indiscriminate nass of drift lumber, staves, barrels, bridge timber, shingles, hen coops, outhouses, and frame shops of every deseription. The side tracks of the railroad in that vieinity were undermined, and the rails stretched across gaps in the embankments. One of the most weary scenes was that of women ankle deep in mud, collecting their scattered household treasures for the resumption of housckeeping, and the men busily engaged in fishing their effects out of the water and mud of Mad River.

Manufacturers suffered much from the mixing and piling up promiscuously of their movable and floatable property. Above Jetterson Street the torrent made a clean sweep in a direct line, striking the dwellings, tearing up the fences, ete. The main force of the current struck Butz's corner at the foot of the bridge embankment, and seriously threatened the house, but only the pavement was torn up and a few cartloads of gravel washed away. At Sixth Street the embankment on the west side leading to the change bridge was Ho closing the carriage way, the bridge going, too. The volume of water rushing through | this channel was ten feet deep and about one ae feet wide. It, however, threatened more than 1t destroyed. There was no water between the canal and Hifth Street in Oregon, the canal bank not giving way. Just below Fifth Street there was considerable damage done, the Oregonians blaming Seely's ditch. The back water cutered from the south, and most of the people who lived in two-story houses moved their furniture and carpets to the second floor. Those in cottages were compelled to take refuge with their more fortunate neighbors.

In South Dayton, west of the canal, the poople were sorely afllicted; the water was several feet deep in most of the houses. The water did not find its way to the West End until Wednesday afternoon. The residents ou Second Street were generally more fortunate, the water hay: Near Jour tue: Lope nergy al tea va RED bie: sitainogat® ont "nob sented oldgmbietos wer vio or MOD } sinew odd mort Henetite ehdere Sook od? ° ibe eee losers. The loss to individuals thus aggregated two hundred thousand dollars, and im pubhe property the loss was estimated at fifty thousand dollars, making the total loss by this flood two hundred and fitty thousand dollars. To enter into further details in this work would require too. much space, and the trouble given to individuals by the flood can be better imagined than deseribed, as all kinds of property throughout the city suffered to a greater or less degree.

The latest eencral flood, and one of the ereatest, was that of February 3 and 4, 1883. 'Phe rain commenced fal ling on Friday night, the 2d inst. but it was quickly changed to sleet by a sudden lowering of the 'tgpeuk ture. About three o'clock a.M., on Saturday, the temperature commenced - falling, and all of that day the rain fell in great torrents such as are rarely seen in this latitude at this season of the year. There was scarcely any cessation until three o'clock A. M., on Sunday morning, the 4th. Reports commenced conung to the city that the smaller streams tributary to the bridges and fences. After the rain of Saturday night, the rivers began to tise, very rapidly, and.in avery short\tame they were. up tothe high water mark of the February before. On Sunday mght the water was at least. eighteen inches higher than that. All day Sunday the river banks were lined with people. The Miami River assumed the proportions of the Ohio, and huge floes of ice floated down the river, crashing against the piers of the bridges and against each other. During the afternoon of Sunday the river was full of portions of floating buildings, bridges, and fences, and there was seen, besides other things, a horse floating down'the river tied to a log, but it could not be ascertained whether or not the horse was dead. Below the Washington Street bridge the commons were heaped with driftwood and rubbish. It was the most disastrous flood since 1866.

Tn Micannp City there was considerable damage done by the back water. The flood-gate at Wilhams Street gave way at half past five o'clock Sunday afternoon, and most of that portion of i city was covered with several inches of water. Wolf Creek was swollen to an unprecedented height, and most of the low ground west of the levee was inundated down to and below the Washington Street bridge. In the southern. portion of the city, Warren Street, Pulaski Street, Brown and Old Brown streets were covered ve about twe inches of water. On Sunday night the levee was crowded with spectators until ten o'clock, and after that hour men paraded the dangerous portions with lanterns. At 'one o'clock Monday morning, there were twenty-two inehes of water on the sidewalks at Stout, Mine & an aie s works. Or Monde Ly hie e water subsided considerably more than three feet, and the people began again to feel secure. The water reached the Kien vater mark of 1847, but was two feet lower than in 1866.

A. fieree thunder storm, accompanied by rain and hail, visited Dayton and vicinity on the evening of May 12, 1886. About eight o'clock, the clouds converged over the city, and twenty minutes later the rain began to fall, at first in a sharp shower, followed by a blinding and continuons fall of water, lasting nearly two hours. During the whole time the rain fell with even intensity, with occasional exceptions, when 1t came down in au almost solid sltect of water. While the storm was at its fiercest, a shower of hail fell for about ten minutes, the hail stones in many hone being as large as, hens' eggs... There was, not, much..wind,,but, thunder. and lightning continned incessantly. No serious accidents to persons occurred, the aenlaso' done being confined principally to goods stored in the the water covered the streets and, for nearly the entire distance, the sidewalks also. Between Wayne and Bainbridge streets the water was belly deep to streetcar horses, and Wayne Street was in the same condition from its junction with Fifth Street to the new market-house. In the southeast portion of the city the territory embraced by Warren Street on the west, Buckeye and Chestnut streets to Wayne on the north, and Park Street sewer on the south, was entirely submerged, deep enough in places to swim a horse. Business houses on Main Street, from. Second to Fourth, suffered considerable damage. No night trains arrived after nine o'clock Pp. m. Dayton View streets and sidewalks were covered with water, and the Lene bridge over Wolf Creel in the West End was swept away. Ear up Wolf Creek, from Hoover & Gaines' nursery, one sheet of water from ten to twelve feet deep covered an area of over one hundred acres. The water began receding about half past twelve

Chapter Xv

War with Mexico - The Nueces River the Boundary Between the United States and Mexico - The rection of Fort Brown- - Beginning of Hostilities - Battle of Palo Alto - Calling out of Troops - War Spirit in Dayton - Recruiting Office Opened - VPublic Meeting - Resolutions Adopted - Military Parade - Approval of Call -for Fifty Thousand Men - -Executive Committee Appointed - Troops Organized and Leave Dayton - RBattle of Montgomeéry - Return of First Troops - -Attitude of the Whigs - Resolutions by Returned Soldiers - Conclusion of the Mexican War - Wazr of the Rebeliion - Norination of Lincoln in 1859 - George W. Houk on Southern Members of the Charleston Conven-

- tion - Vallandigham Elected to Congress - Petition Cireulated - Democraiic Resolution - Aitempt to Assassinate Myr. Lincoln - Various and Conflicting Opinions - Attack on Fort Sumter - Troops Organized - Relief of Soldiers' Families--Mr. ValNandigham's Letter in Cincinnati Hrguirer - Relief Societios - Military Companies - -Military Com-

"mittee for Montgomery County - First Draft - Kirby Smith's Advance - Drafted Men Come into Town- - Relief of Soldiers' Families - Union League - Burnside's Order No. 38- - -Vallandigham's Arrest - Destruction of Journal Office--Martial Law - Morgan's Raid - -Soldiers' Fair and Bazaar - -Destruction of Dayton Emptre Office - Ohio National Guard - Draft in 1864--Rejoicing Over Lee's Surrender - Assassination of Lincoln - Summary of Dayton's Hnlistment - History of First Ohio Regiment- - Of Ninety-third Regiment - National Soldiers' Ilome - Soldiers' Monument.

r"OR the general history of the war with Mexico the reader is referres| to the various authorities on the history of the United States. <A few

General Zachary Taylor Janded his forees on St. Joseph's Island, July 25, 1845, and soon afterward embarked for Corpus Christi, a Mexican village near the mouth of the Nueces River, which river the Mexican government claimed as the boundary between that country and Texas, while the Texan government claimed that the Rio Grande was the boundary. General Taylor located his camp at Corpus Christi in September, and remained there during the winter. January 13, 1846, the secretary of war ordered General Taylor to advance to near the mouth of the Rio Grande, opposite the city of Matamoras, because he thought the Mexicans intended to invade Texas, and when, on the 25th of March, he encamped at Point Isabel, about twenty-cight miles from Matamoras, he was warned by the Mexican anthorities that he was on forcien soil. On the 28th of March, 1846, he advanced to the banks of the Rio Grande, and commenced the erection of a fort which subsequently received the name of Fort Brown. General Paredes, who had recently been clected president of Mexico, immediately sent General Ampudia to Matamoras to drive General Taylor beyond the Nueces. Wearrived on the 1ith of April, but when General Taylor refused to comply with his demand to withdraw within twenty-four hours, he was superseded by General Arista, who was thought to be a nrore active general. Goneral Arista arrived: on the 25th of April, and on the 26th notried General Taylor that hostilitics had begun. On the same day a body of American troops was attacked by a party of Mexicans east of the Rio Grande, the Americans, who were under Captain 8. B. Thornton, after losing sixteen men in killed and wounded, being

Point Isabel was now threatened by a party of Mexicans, and General Taylor, leaving a regiment to complete Fort Brown, himself hastened to Point Isabel to prevent his stores at that point from falling into.the hands of the Mexicans. Perceiving this movement of General Taylor, General Arista, thinking the Americans in full retreat, opened a heavy cannonade upon Fort Brown, which 'lasted three days, at the end of which time signal guns were fired for General Taylor to return to the relief of the fort. On his way back to Fort Brown, General Taylor, on the 8th of the month, encountered the Mexicans under General Arista, six thousand strong, at Palo Alto, fought the battle which bears that name, and won the victory. Thus was commenced the war with Mexico. What Dayton did for the country during' that war, of the justice and necessity for which many of her citizens were strongly in doubt, to say the least, it is now the province of this history to record.

January 16, 1846, the imtelligence was published in the Dayton papers, that the position and movements of the United States troops at Jorpus Christi, ever since General 'Taylor had been there, had caused much alarm, fear, and jealousy in the minds of the Mexicans. They seemed to be hourly expecting that the United States troops would march upon Matamoras, seize upon that place, and march thenee upon other cities. On April 17th the Dayton Journal said that General Taylor, in his advance, met two partics of Mexicans on the Rio Grande; that these Mexicans had orders to fire upon the Americans, but that they did not fire, and that no blood was shed. Immediately upon the reeeipt of the news that General Taylor's refusal to withdraw beyond the Nueces, in accordance with the demand of General Ampudia, was the cause of the declaration of war by the Mexican general, and that as a consequence, men were needed for the defense of the country, the governor of Texas called out two thousand and four hundred troops, and the governor of

By May 19th there was considerable war spirit manifested in Dayton. Not only among the militia companies, but among the citizens generally, there were indications of a prevailing desire to talke part in the contest. The militia of the county, organized as the First Brigade, which was commanded by Brigadier-General Adam Speice, was attached to the Tenth Division of Ohio Militia, all under the command of Major-General Hiram Bell, of Greenville. In order to give such of the militia as desired to enhst, an opportunity to do so, an office was opened for recruiting at the office of T. B. Tilton, and by the 20th of May about twenty"five war, and to adopt such measures as were calculated to encourage the enrollment of volunteers. Captain 'Luther Giddings, of the Dayton Cavalry, in response to a call, made some patriotic remarks, as did also Captain M:. B. Walker, of the Germantown Cavalry; Major Tilton; Captain Lewis Hormell, of the Dayton National Guards; Lieutenant Atlas Stout, of the Dayton Gun Squad; Lientenant John Love, of the United States Army, and others.

" Wiuerreas, The military despot who has recently usurped the government of Mexico, has refused to receive the olive branch borne to the 'gates of his capital by a minister of the United States; has concentrated his forces upon our southern frontier, and commenced with murder an offensive war; therefore,

"Resolved, That we view with satisfaction the promptness with which our congress has drawn the sword and appealed to the God of battles to establish - what has been as earnestly sought as it has been insolently refused - peace with Mexico and peace with Texas. :

"Resolved, 'That it becomes us as American citizens, desiring the success of our arms, to cast off the shackles of party and unite in carrying our country speedily and triumphantly through the war.

"Resolved, That, as it is our duty as soldiers to be always ready, we will exert ourselves to fill up the ranks of our compamies, and whenever the requisite number of good and true men shall have been obtained, we

Ot History Of Dayton

At that time Honorable Mordecai Bartley was governor of Ohio. On the 20th of the month, the governor, in compliance with the president's requisition, issued General Order Number 1, calling upon division generals to muster their commands at once, and thus ascertain how many men would enlist as ee or riflemen for twelve months' service, unless sooner discharged. Major-General Bell, who was at Greenville, received the order on oe Bas and immediately ordered the Tenth Division to assemble by brigades at the following places: The First Brigade at Dayton, May 26th; the Second at Troy, May 27th; the Third at Sidney, May 28th; and the Fourth at Greenville, May 29th. Ohio was called on for three regiments, an aggregate number of two thousand, three hundred and thirty-one men. Upon the reeeipt of this order of General Bell's, General Adam Speice, on the 25th of the month, issued his General Order Number 1, ordering the commandants of companics to equipped according to law." At eleven o'clock on that morning, nine companies reported and paraded the streets, with the view of immediate organization for the service of the United States. They marched to the southern part of the city, where they were addressed by Major-General Bell. As the numbers of the companies were not full, the general gave the several commandants another day to see their men. The National

Street; the Dayton Dragoons at MceCann's store, northeast corner of Third and Jefferson streets, but wi es the er enere that the government would not receive cavalry, they the next day organized as the Dayton Riflemen.

On May 28th a mecting was held at the City Hall. Enthusiastic men of all parties participated in the procecdings. <A series of resolutions was adopted to the eflect that whatever differences of opinion may have existed, or night still exist with referenee to the causes or the necessity of the war with Mexico, now that it had actually begun, it was the duty of every citizen, as well as the dictate of enlightened patriotism, to forego those differences of opinion, and to forget all other and meaner considerations for that of the glory of our cherished country, and approving the call for fifty thousand men to carry on the war. Other resolutions were adopted, among them one moved by John G. Lowe, providing for the appointment of a committee of five to procure a loan of money to be disbursed on the order of General Speice, to defray the expenses of the volunteers from Montgomery County until they should be mustered into the service of ihe thane States. The committee consisted 'of Thomas' Brown, Peter Qdlin, William Haker, T. J. 8. Smith, and I. Gecbhart. An executive committee of twenty was then appointed to raise funds for the support of the families of the volunteers during their absence in the war, the committee being as follows: Alexander Swaynie; Robert W. Steele, H. G. Phillips, P. Pp. Lowe, Henry L. Brown, and Samuel Marshall, of Dayton; Joseph Barnett, of Tarrison Township; Jefferson Patterson, of Van' "Buren oleae Henry 8. Gunekel,. of German Township; Jonathan Harshman, of Mad River Township; John Conley, of Miami Township; John Burnett, of Jefferson Township; John Sherer, -of Randolph Township; James Patterson, of Madison Township; Henry Slidier, of Jackson Township; William Baggot, of Butler Township; Amos Irwin, of Washington Township; Moses Sherer, of Wayne Township; Isaac Voorhees, of Clay Township, and Dr. Lande, ley, of Perry Township. The committee was organized by the selection ore Ge Rhillips» ehairman; loberty W mSteele, secretqry, and Idenry, L. Brown, treasurer. General Speice established his depot and headquarters at. the corner of Jcfferson and Third streets, and detailed Major Tilton as mustering officer in command of the volunteers. By June Ist one hundred and seventeen men were enrolled, fifty-two belonging to Captain Giddings' rifle company, and the remainder to the German National Guard. The Dayton Riflemen were organized on 'the 30th of May, with the following officers: Captain, Luther Giddings; first heutenant, D. Long; second jeutenant, D. Brecount; first sergeant, J: P.) Speice; second sergeant, N. Allen; third sergeant, G. Coon; fourth sergeant, C. L. Helrigle; first corporal, W. G. Davis; second corporal, V. B. Howard; third corporal, Jobn Smith; fourth corporal, James Craig. Camp Washington was established in Mill Creek Valley, near Cincinnati, as a rendezvous for the Ohio voluntcers, and Samuel R. Curtis, nese general of the State, placed in command. The two companies from Dayton started for Camp Washington on the 4th of June, 1846. The Riflemen were under command of Captain Giddings and Ale National Guard under Captain Tlormell. They went to Cincinnati by the canal, leaving Dayton at sunset. <A beautiful flag was presented to the Riflemen by the citizens, before they left the city, which bore on one side an' embroidered cagle and the motto, "Our Country," and on the other side the State arms with the name, " Dayton Riflemen." The two companies were escorted to the canal by the Dragoons and a large concourse of people, and the banks of the canal were covered with spectators.

When these two companies left Dayton, there was being enrolled another company, which for a time was known as the "Tall Company." The aggregate height of the first terptul velo ddot men enrolled was one hundred and twenty-three feet, an average of very nearly six feet. By the Sth of June this company had sixty-two men enrolled. It was officered as follows: Captain, A. L. Stout; first: henutenant, Dame] Tucker; second lieutenant, J. M. D. Foreman; first sergeant, M. Umbaugh; second sergeant, Owen Smith; third sergeant, Joshua Bowersock; fourth sergeant, William Anderson; corporals, Lewis Motter, Russel George, Boyer Decker, and Andrew Curtner. This-company 'left: Dayton 'for Camp Washington, June 9, 1846, at ten a. m., amid the cheers of the men and the waving of h Javdile ecetaets by the women. The first two companies that left Dayton, as above narrated, had in their ranks when they left the city, ninety-six and ninety-two men respectively, and in order to reduce the size of the, companies, any who desired to do so had the popular step to take, yet several availed themselves of the privilege, and by this means the number in each company was reduced to seventy-seven men. These two companies were incorporated into the First Regiment, while the third company was excluded from all organizations for the reason that too many men volunteered for the necessities of the service. But this company of Captain Stout's had in it two Germans, while the Dayton National Guard had in it two Americans, and at Camp Washington the two captains made an even trade, two Americans for two Germans, in order that the German company, the National Guard, might be all Germans. On June 24th, the returned company, sadly disappointed because they were not accepted, passed a series of resolutions strongly denouncing the State authorities for having rejected them, the company being under the impression at the time that their rejection was on account of political reasons. -

The three regiments which Ohio was asked to furnish were all organized at Camp Washington on the 25d of June. The officers of the First Regiment were as follows: Colonel, Alexander M. Mitchell, of Cincinnatis, licutenant-colonel, John B. Weller, of Butler County; Major, , Thomas L. Hamer, of Brown County; and the two Dayton companies (the Rifles and the Guard) became Company B and Company C respectively of this regiment.

Military Hisyvory. Lhs

and. Worth Carolina, at the foot of Broadway. These three regiments arrived at Point Isabel about July 15th, and aecording to a letter from the German company, they all enjoyed good health, the climate was fine, and the water good. In August they were at Fort Belknap, on the Texas side of the Iino Grande. Captain Giddings, of Company B, was~promoted to major; Ineutenant Brecount was elected captaim; Sergeant J. P. Speice, second heutenant, and Nathan Allen orderly sergeant. At Camargo, Captain Breeount resigned, and Lieutenant Speice dicd, his death occurring on the 27th of August, 1846. August Rex, first sergeant of Captain Hormell's company, died the day before. Lieutenant David Long was promoted to captain, and Sergeant Nathan Allen was promoted to second heutenant. At the battle of Monterey, Colonel Mitchell was severely wounded, as was also Lieutenant-Colonel Weller, and thus the command of the regiment devolved upon Major Giddi lings. In this battle companies remaining compactly together throughout the day. The battle was described in a letter published in the Cincinnati Adlas as the greatest achievement of modern times, and the Joss in the battle was only thirty men in General Worth's command, eight of these being from .Dayton. One of the killed was Corporal Waillam G. Davis, and. one. of the wounded Lieutenant L. Motter.

During the winter of 1846-1847 it was decided to raise a regiment for the regular army, the Fifteenth, to serve during the Mexican war. 'This regiment was to be recruited in Ohio, Michigan, lowa, and Wisconsin. ik. A. King, of Dayton, was appointed a captain in this regiment, and Thomas B. Tilton lieutenant. Of this company, twenty-two men were from Montgomery County, and thirty-eight from Logan County. It left Dayton for Cincinnati, April 24, 1847, a large concourse being in the neighborhood of the packet depot to witness its departure. Mayor Melsinney, on behalf of the citizens, bade the boys farewell, and Captain King responded on behalf of the soldiers. There were five Ohio companies in the regiment, three from Michigan and two from Wisconsin. The colonel was George W. Morgan; lieutcnant-coloncl, John Ioward, of Michigan, and the major, Samuel Woods. The Michigan and Wisconsin companies passed through Dayton on their way to the war, May 12, 1847. :

The same day on which these companies passed through the eity, news was received that the two companies that first went ont to the war, Companies Band C of the First Ohio Negiment, were on their way home from Mexico, and it was immediately determined to give them an appropriate reception. A committee was appointed to arrange the recep- tion ceremonies. A mecting of this committee was held on the 17th to complete the arrangements. The Dayton Rifies, Company 3B, was mustered out at New Orleans on the 11th of June, and Captain Hormell's Company C on the 12th. Company B reached Dayton' on the 26th of the month with but forty men. The regiment, when it left Cincinnati the year before, numbered about eight hundred men. Of this number thirty-three had died of disease, one had been accidentally killed by a comrade, six had becn murdered by the Mexicans, sixteen had been killed at the battle of Monterey, and two at the battle of Ceralvo. The average strength of the regiment had been five hundred and thirty-three. Upon _ the arrival of the forty men in Dayton, the people turned out en masse to receive them. Citizens from the town and country, with the militia, with the brass band and the gun squad, assembled at the foot of Main Street, upen the canal, to the number of about five thousand. The volunteers were escorted to the National House, where a speech of weleome was made to them by Mayor McItinney. ' Major Giddings made a speech in reply, in which le alluded to the trials through which they had passed "while away from home, to the small number of those that returned, to the twenty-one who had been buried in Mexico, and to the flag which had been presented to them by the ladies of Dayton before they went away, and which they had brought back with them, tattered and torn, but with wntarnished.whoner.)) Cheer upon cheer was given to the brave volunteers, and crowds waited upon each man to his home. F Captain Hormell's company, the National Guard, reached home on Tuesday, the 29th of the same month. They. were welcomed at the National House by J. W. McCorkle in a brief but cloguent address.

The volunteers under the first call having served their term and been discharged, another call was made upon Ohio for « regiment of soldiers. The Dayton German Grenadiers was raised under this call, and was officered as follows: Captain, John Werner; first Heutenant, John Fries; second lieutenant, Henry Toepfer. There were one hundred enlisted men in this company - thirty-five from Montgomery County, twenty-five from Columbus, and the rest from the vicinity of Bremen. On May 81st: they were escorted to the pubhe landing, where they boarded the packet for Cincinnati, and were there assigned to the Jourth Ohio Regiment. Of this regiment Captain Werner was made licutenant-colonel, Lieutenant ries was promoted captain, Henry Toepfer became first, heutenant, and William Gracbe second lieutenant. . -C. LH. Brough was made colonel of the regiment. The regiment was with General Scott at Contreras, Cherubusco, Chapultepec, and the city of Mexico. At the storming of the eity of Mexico the Dayton company suftered severely, Lieutenant

Military History

Toepfer and a number of his men being killed. Captain John Fries was wounded. In February, 1848, the regiment was on garrison. duty at Puebla, and in' July, 1848, the Dayton company returned home with only thirty-six men. Upon their arrival they were escorted by the National Guard and artillery to the common just east of Bainbridge Street, near Third, where a grand dinner was served.

An incident oceurred in September, 1847, to which considerable interest attached at the time. It is well known by all who have given attention to the history of the Mexican war, that there was a large party in the country at the time who disapproved of the war from its commencement, and that there were some who condemned, if they did not oppose it, all the-way through. This was the case very generally wath the Whigs. The sentiment of those opposed to the war is perhaps as well expressed in the following resolution introduced into congress by

Norte, in the American Union, by virtue of a treaty with Texas, comprehending in the said incorporation certain portions of the Mexican departments of New Mexico, Coahuila, and Taymalipas, would be a direct aggression on Mexico, for all the consequences of which the United States would stand responsible."

The Hon. Thomas Corwin, then United States senator from Ohio, and the Ifon. Robert C. Schenck, then representative in congress from this dis- 'trict, were conspicuous in their condemnation of the war and its objects.

This course was very distasteful to many if not to most of the soldiers who went into the army from Dayton. In order to give expression to their views, a meeting was held by the returned volunteers September 18, 1847, at- which they adopted a long series of resolutions. The meeting was held at the Farmers and Mechanies' Hotel. Captain Hormel! was made chairman of the mecting, and M. H. Umbaugh secretary. The object of the meeting, as stated by the presiding officer, was to make arrangements for the celebration of the battle of Monterey. The committee on resolutions consisted of Lieutenant McCarter, Lieutenant Kline, Lieutenant Knecht, and Sergeants Coon and George. There were thirteen resolutions in the series, two of which, together with the preanble, were as follows: «Wuerzas, We have in contemplation the celebration of one of the most glorious achievements of American arms, the storming and capture of the Mexican city of Monterey, and deeming it necessary to vindicate ourselves from the stigma which a portion of the American people seem

" Resolved, That we consider the present war between the United States and Mexico as first brought'on by the act of' Mexico by refustng to amicably adjust the difficulties existing between us, with having ordered her troops to cross the Rio Grande and attack the American arms.

"Resolved, That hostilities having thus commenced, and war having been thus declared actually to exist by the act of Mexico, it became the duty of every patriotic citizen to give it his oe and cordial support until Mexico should be forced to terms of peace.'

Other resolutions were very severe in their criticisms upon Senator Corwin and Hon. hk. C. Schenck for the course they had pursued in congress, and the twelfth resolution extended a cordial invitation to the military of the city to unite.in the celebration of the anniversary of the battle of Monterey. | mouth to the southern limits of New Mexico; thence westward along the southern, and northward along the western boundary of that territory to the River Gila; thence down that river to the Colorado, and thence westward to the Pacific Ocean. The United States agreed' 'to pay to Mexico fifteen million dollars, and to assume all debts due from the Mexican government to American citizens, to any amount not to exceed three millon five hundred thousand dollars. Peace was proclaimed by President Polk, July 4, 1848

Although the war of the rebellion did not actually commence until the firing upon Fort Sumter took place, yet the events of the political arena occurring during the latter part of 1860 and the early part of 1861, were so intimately related to that great struggle that it is deemed proper to introduce the history of this conflict with a brief reference to the leading movements of both the great political parties immediately precedent to the initiation of the stmfte. The Republican National Convention assembled in Chicago on the 16th of May, 1860. After the usual contest among the several candidates for the nomination for the presidency, the convention nominated Abraham Lincoln on the 17th of May.

It isa remarkable fact, and one that may not be remembered by all who were cognizant of it at the time, that in October, 1859, erght months before the nomination was actually made by the Republican convention

Dayton by the Hon. Robert C. Schenck, in a speech made from the same platform from which Mr. Lincoln had himself addressed the people but a few hours before

The Wide Awakes, which played such an important part during the campaign which followed, held a mee eS on Saturday might, June 9th, at whieh J.C. Healy was chairmahb and §. B. Jackson secretary. At this mecting the draft of a constitution was ea and on the Lith au organization was effected and the constitution adopted. G. G. Prugh was chosen president of the orgamzation, and the vice-presideuts, one for each ward of the city, were as follows: 8. B. Leach, C. Snevely, A. W. Tenny, W. EH. Rouzer, George Lehman, P. Lutzs; corresponding secretary, J. C. lealy; recording secretary, Join McMasters; treasurer, Jolin Procunier; executive committee, H. W. Orvis, chairman, Moses Crowell, John Winder, W. J. Comstock, George Gohen, 8. A. Hendricks, and Noah Shaffer.

On the same day upon whicl: the ae Awakes held their first meeting as mentioned above, there was held a mecting of the Democrats which was addressed by Cone W. Houk, who had been a delegate to the Charleston convention, which failed to; nominate a onivdadadte for the presidency. Myr. Houk dwelt at some length on the causes which led to the disruption of the convention, and was very severe upon the Southern members thereof, by whose secession therefrom a nomination was prevented. J. Durbin Ward followed Mr. Houk, and after his address Mr. Hofer read a series of resolutions endorsing Mr. Houk's course at Charleston, and instructing him to vote for Stephen A. Douglas at Baltimore..

At the presidential election, which occurred on the 6th of November, 1860, the following was the vote cast in the several wards for the several Ae together with the total vote at the preceding October election:

There was great.excitement in Dayton on the 27th of December, for on that day the news was received that Major Anderson had transferred his command from Fort Moultrie to Fort Sumter. This movement, it vas taken on the major's own responsibility, and not only were his courage and patriotism commended and admired, but the apprehension in the minds of the people that Major Anderson and his command would be captured, was to a great extent relieved. Then came the news on the 29th of December, that the Southern seceders had taken "ht this attack that might be ile upon them. Some went still further than this, considering it a burning disgrace that such possession should have been permitted.

The Hon. C. L. Vallandigham was then a resident of Dayton. He had been elected to-the Thirty-third Congress over his Republican competitor, Hon. Samuel Craighead, by eleven thousand and_ fifty-two votes to Mr. Craighead's ten thousand, mine hundred and eightcen. The

Vallandigham had said in a letter to the Cincinnati Gazette, correcting that paper as to a report that had appeared tn its columns, of a speech he had made a short time before: :

'And now let me add what I did say, not in Washington, not at a dinner table, not in the presence of fire-eaters, but in the. city of New York, in a public assemblage of Northern men, in a public speech at the Cooper Institute, November 2, 1860, that 'If any one or more of the States of the Umion should at any time seecde, for reasons of the sufficiency and justice of which before God and the great tribunal of history, they alone may judge, much as I should deplore it, I never would as a representative in congress vote one dollar of money whereby one drop of American blood. should be shed in a eivil y eur, GLC,

"And I now deliberately repeat and reaflirm it, resolved, though I stand alone, though all-others yield and fall away, to make it good to the last moment of my political fe; no menace, no pubhe clamor, no taunts, nor sneers, nor foul detraction from any quarter, shall drive me from my firm purpose," etc., etc.

Mr. Vallandigham remained true to his convictions. On the 7th of January, 1861, Mr. Adrian, of New Jersey, introduced into the house of representatives the following resolution: "That we fully approve the bold to Fort Sumter, and the determination of the president to maintain the fearless officer in bis present condition; and we will support the president in all coustitutional measures to enforce the laws and preserve the Union." Mr. Etheridge, of Tennessee, moved to suspend the rules for the reception of Mr. Adrian's resolution. Upon this motion Mr. Vallandigham voted 'No,' and afterward voted " No,' with fifty-five other members of conevess, nearly all from the South, against Mr. Adrian's resolution. At the congress to adopt the Peds compromise which proposed that the institution of slavery should be made legal south of latitude 36° 30' fy the territories, and that slaveholders should be guaranteed the right to take their slaves through the free states to any point they might desire. igs petition received but few signatures in this city. By those who were opposed to the compromise, it was said that the North could consent to-

On the 19th of January, 1861, there was a Democratic meeting held in Dayton for the purpose of electing delegates to a State convention. The question came up as to what was the sentiment of the mecting on the endorsement of the Critteuden compromise. The committee on resolutions, through their chairman, submitted a series of resolutions, a portion of 'alitoh were thought by a part of the people of the city to lean rather too strongly toward the recognition of the right of a state to secede from the Union. As a matter of fact, they did savor so strongly of secessionism that the meeting could not endorse the resolutions. In response to a demand for their pubheation they were published, the objectionable ones being as asi

"Resolved, 38. That whilst we unhesitatinely avow our attachment to the Federal Union as it exists under the constitution of the United States, and whilst we are ready to express our conviction that there are no political evils now existing which justify secession as a remedy, yet we recognize the right of the people of the slave-holding States of this confederacy to form their own OC Sua, and to act upon their own convictions in reference to a state of facts which involve not merely their political, but also their personal rights, interests, and safety.

" Resolved, 4, That secession is neither constitutional nor Insurreetionary, but it is essentially revolutionary in its character; and when, as to assume the magnitude of revolution, there is no power conferred by. the constitution, of the United States.to put) it, down by force, and an attempt to do so by arms would be an act of usurpation and would inevitably lead to military despotism.

"Resolved, 5. That the resort to force under the circumstances would be the direct sacrifice of the very ends for which all legitimate governc) would present the most conclusive illustration ever furnished im .the history of the world, of the imecapacity, of ihe, people for. selfgovernment,

"fiesolved, 7. That war, when waged with a foreien power, to, maintain our national honor, or the rights and liberties of the people, is righteous and justifiable; but when waged by two portions of the same people against each other, professedly to maintain a government that must necessarily perish in the conilict, would furnish a melancholy spectacle of human folly and fanaticism; that in such a war all the vindictive and revengeful passions of human nature would be called into exercise; its purpose would be destructive and not protective, and its

These resolutions are interesting in an historical sense, as showing the limit in sentiment, to which only a few of the people of Dayton, and in fact.of Ohio, could persuade t themselves bO.0,.5 Lhe sereat, majority or them, without regard to past political afhihations, could entertain no sentiment inconsistént with the maintenance at any cost and at all hazards, of the #ederal Union.

With the exception of the attempt to assassinate Mr. Lincoln on his way to Washington to be inaugurated president of the United States, there was, after the ripple of excitement caused by the publication of the above recited resolutions, nothing of unusual interest that transpired until the month of April. Vhe people simply watched the progress of events in and around Charleston, South Carolina, where the two forces were engaged in watching each other, and ero waiting for the other to make the first overt act of war. The month of April was, however, an exciting one in Dayton, as elsewhere throughout the country. The great question with many at that stage of the progress of events was, "On which side shall we take our stand?" It liad become clear by that. time that the fate of the party which had suceeeded in electing its president success of the administration of Mr. Lincoln, however, was necessary to the preservation of the government itself. That the administration of Mr. Lincoln must be upheld in order that it might sueceed, became more and more apparent to a constantly increasing number of the people. It also became more clearly evident to all observers, that the great masses of the people were loyal to the government, even those whose choice for president had not been that of a constitutional majority. Still there an occasional Northern man, even at that early day, who considered na ait the demands of the South were reasonable, and argued that the south could never be coerced back into the Union. A few thought that certain of the Northern States, as Illinois, Indiana, and Olno, should make apphieation for admission into the Southern Confederacy. While it could not then, and cannot now, be truthfully said that many of the people of Ohio entertained such sentiments, yet to the great majority of the people, the utterance of them, even though known to be entertained by only a few, was exceedingly irritating and obnoxious. Some charged that the ari ee was driven to secession Hy the success of the Republicans at the polls, and others denied this quite as vigorously as it was asserted. It was argued that the Democratic party, from 1848 down to 1854, if not later, promulgated, as one of its fundamental doctrines, that congress had the power under the constitution to exclude adhe. from the LAN the very ground upon which the Republican party had won its vietory. And it was also'shown that the Republican party, after the election of Mr. Lincoln, had passed enabling acts under which the slave-helders had the right to go into the territories with their slaves, which was the very doctrine that had become so notorious under the, name of " Popular Sovereignty," ard for which Mr. Douglas and his party had so strenuously contended. The ground for the necessity of secession seemed thus to have been completely taken from under the feet of those who contended for the right of secession.

The ditheulty, however, at this juncture, seemed to be that secession, whether or not. necessary or mght, was almost, if not quite, an accomplished fact. And the only course that had in it any of the possibilities of success in preventing it of absolute accomplishment, inasmuch as the seceders certainly would not be willing to forego secession unless they some, Who really loved the government of their fathers, to be to defend the institution of slavery against any and all kinds of ageressions, and

Again, on the other hand, while the minds of some were thus confused, the majority could see that after all there was no real cause for the war. Mr. Lincoln had. said in his inangural that the fugitive slave law should be enforced, and taking this in connection with the action of congress in regard to the enabling acts above referred to, it was seen that the South had really been promised all she demanded, and stil] she was not satisfied; and the logic of the position\ was that if she) was not satisfied when she was granted what she asked, the case was, indeed, hopeless. Or to state the ease in other words, it was clearly scen that the South was determined to be satisfied with nothing but the total disruption of the Soe |

The news of the attack upon Fort Sumter reached Dayton on the 13th of April, and the excitement consequent thereupon was painfully intense. Groups of excited citizens discussed the situation at all hours of the succeeding night. Every one was grieved profoundly at the outbreals of the war, but there was no sentiment apparent but the determination that the government should be sustained.. True men of all parties were wanited in this determination. Still there was one paper in this city that, immediately on receipt of the news of the bombardment, said:

"Civil war is upon us by the act.of the Lincoln administration and as the natural result of the election of Lincoln. ILaving taken our position at the beginning, against the policy of coercion, we intend to stand by it to the end. Whatever others may do, we stand firm and.immovable against men or money for a civil war. Let the watchword be 'Compromise, but no coercion, no war.' "

Notwithstanding the publication of this statement, the people were animated by an enthusiastic Union sentiment. On the 1dth, this sentiment found expression in the raising of a United States flag from the wigwam staft in the presence of a great crowd of people. 'The Regimental Band played the "Star Spangled Banner," and patriotic speeches were made by H. 8. Young, 8. Craighead, Mr. Egsley, and others. Thirty-four rounds were fired from the cannon in honor of the Union, the only accident being the breaking of a negro's leg by the bursting of the swivel gun. ?

On the same day, the serviees of the Dayton Light Guards were tendered to Governor Dennison, and also those of the Light Artillery Jompanuy. Captain Dister rapidly filled up the ranks of the Lafayette Yagers, afterward the Lafayette Guards, for the same patriotie purpose. The young: men of ihe city and vieluty rapidly curolled themselves: in the different companies then forming for the service of their country.

Caplin aes jhad a recruiting office at basco Ital, for the purpose of filling up the ranks of the Montgomery Guards. Captain Pease was the 'Light Guards' Armory, and Captam Dister was at the corner of Jefferson and Market streets. Patriotic citizens made known their readiness to contribute to the support of the families of volunteers from Dayton during their absence in the army. Funds were subscribed for the purchase of uniforms for the Lafayette Guards, but as the State afterward uniformed the company, these funds were devoted to the support of the families of the members of the company. At a mecting of the Zouave Rangers, held on the 16th, a resolution was unanimously adopted that the services of thé company be tendered' to the @overnor as a home guard 'to perform duty within the limits of the State. On the same day tlrere came a telegram from the governor, calling for the services of two companies of seventy-five men each to report Neen at; Columbus. Captains Pease and Ylughes promptly responded to the call, and Captain Dister telegraphed to Columbus that his company was ready to march. Captain Childs, of the Light Artillery, also sent the samme announeement the same panies of infantry and one of artillery were in readiness to march. They all ne Dayton for Columbus on the next day. Phe Licht Guards were tied as follows: Captain, W. B. Pease; first icutenant, J. Il. Winder; second heutenant, W. Woodward; ensign > ? 9 re ee, W. He Martin; sergeants, P.M. Warman, J. EH. Jones,; and: W. L. Pattersou; corporal, S."C."Reed. » There were aNteed privates and one hundred and twenty-six recruits, making an aggregate of one hundred and fifty men in the company. sai: Recruiting was commenced on the 1$th for Company B, Dayton Light d Guards, by W. Bennett, Thomas Hale, ands: Ramby. A. Kuntz, hew- 3 4 tenant, made a call upon all who were desirous of entering a company to be > called the Montgomery Cavalry. Qn this same day Colonel EF. A. Tens vas o v Me oO appointed by the governor to take charge of the volunteer encampment at Columbus. A mecting was held in the Fifth Ward for the purpose of forming a company of home guards. Of this mecting Simon Snyder was the chairman and A.C. Marshall secretary. A recruiting committee of five was appointed, consisting of HE. C. ilhs, 1. D. Mitchell, George Lehman, T. J. Sigman, and Ezra Thomas. Thirty-five members enrolled their names that day. )

Ish History Of Dayton

On the 19thof April, the first and second regiments of Ohio Volinteer Militia left Camp Jackson for Washington, D.C. 'The first regiment contained the following Dayton companies: Lafayette Guards, Dayton Light Guards, and Montgomery Guards. HH. A. Parrott, of Daytom, was in command of the regiment as major. Captain Chil oe sistas artillery company was converted into an infantry company, and on the 19th of April, paraded the streets of Dayton, one hundred and seventeen strong, to the tune, "The Girl I Left Behind Me," and made a brillant:appearance. Their departure on that day was an event of thrilling interest. The Zouave Rangers were, at about the same time, ordered to Columbus to perform guard duty. During the week ending April 20,1861, nearly six hundred men enlisted in oo to defend the flag of their country. Four companies were then on their way to Washington, and early the next week the Anderson Guards, Captain Nolan, were- ready to tale the field. Of this company M. P. Nolan was captain, 8. .B. Snuth first heutenant, and R. Patterson second lieutenant. The company left for Columbus April 23d. Just before leaving the city, Captain Nolan made a speech to the citizens assembled to witness their departure. He said that he had opposed Mr. Lincoln's election, but he had been constitutionally elected, and was consequently the president of the country, and as such he was his president. He said that the North had been sneered at by the South as wanting in true courage, but he believed that the Anderson Guards would prove to the Southern people that all the courage and chivalry of the country was not to be found south of Mason & Dixon's line. When this company left the city, J. H. Thomas was first sergeant and Ashley Brown second sergeant. P. UH. Darcy was the first corporal.

On the 20th of April, a meeting was held in Beckel Hall for the purpose of petitioning the city council for an appropriation for the relief of the families of those of the citizens of Dayton who had volunteered, or who should volunteer, in the army. The county commissioners were also requested: to make such an appropriation for the same purpose, as they might deem proper, for the families of the volunteers from the county. Two persons from each ward in the city were appointed a volunteer relief committee to take charge of whatever money might be appropriated by the council or the commissioners, and: also such subscriptions as might be contributed by private citizens, and to distribute the same to the families of the volunteers. The president of this mecting was HIon. W. HI. Gillespie, mayor of the city. Te appointed as a committee to select the relief committee, the following gentlemen: DB. M. Ayres, R. W. Stecle John He Achey, Thomas) Brown; Bi Ff. Wait, and: M. Burrous. The committee selected by them was as follows: JVirst Ward, D. A. Waremena 900. RAT, beh ed W tan Bicleens Second Ward, Danicl U1. Dryden anid W iiiam H. Gillespie; Third Ward, James McDaniel and HH. Gebhart; "Fourth Ward, Jonathan: Kenney and John G. Lowe; Pifth Ward, C.F. Kneisly and Samuel Marshall; Sixth Ward, Thomas ah eter andiudNe Viotra dls Young then moved that a subscription be taken up among those present, and immediately $4,553.01 was subscribed in sums of from ten dollars to one hundred dollars. Twenty of the subscriptions were for one hundred dollars each, and eae these there were two subscriptions, by Gebhart & Brother and by. T. A. Phillips, each for twenty-five barrels of flour.