Pickaway Township (part 24 of 49)

The parental family comprised nine children, of whom the following is noted: William H. died in 1865: James is now a minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church and resides in Washington County, this State; Laura H. is the wife of William B. Hukill, of Missouri; our subject is the next in order of birth; Martha E. is the widow of Jacob Sollars, of Fa3^ette County; Henry C. is engaged in the harness and saddlery business at Washington C. H.; Obie is the wife of George Mouser, of Fayette County; and .John D. is Superintendent of the city schools at Gibson, 111. The mother of this family passed from earth in 1860, four years prior to the demise of her husband.

Upon leaving the farm, in 1870, our subject first engaged in business at the -Jasper Mills and was a grain dealer at that place for six years. About 1882, he removed to Washington C. H. and for several years was in the implement business, which he conducted with great success. After managing the business alone for a few years, he took into partnership J. H. Lawwill, the firm being Shoop &. Lawwill. They continued to supei-- intend their extensive interests for several years, when Mr. Shoop 's health failing, he sold out to Mr. Lawwill, December 16, 1891. Since that time, he has been retiied from active business cares, although in looking after his real-estate interests and in other duties, he still finds sufficient to occupy his time.

In his social connections, Mr. Shoop is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in which he has filled all the chairs. He has also served successfully as District Deputy Grand Master for two terms; District Deputy Chief Patriarch and Captain of the Cantons; and, in addition, is a Knight of Pythias. His wife, to whom he was married January 16, 1868, was known in her maidenhood as Laura Campbell, and is the daughter of Lenox Campbell, one of the early settlers of Fayette County, whose sketch will be found elsewhere in this volume. Mr. and Mrs. Shoop are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in whicli faith they have reared their two sons and two daughters: Werter, Ottie, Lenox and Bessie.

and he enjoys a large and lucrative practice. He is also prominent as one of the leading citizens of Darby ville, with whose public life he has been intimately connected in various important official capacities since he returned to this, his native town, after he had completed his medical studies.

Dr. Kirkendall was born November 27, 1846, and is a descendant of one of the old pioneer families of Ohio. His father, William Kirkendall, was also a native of this State, born in one of the earliest pioneer homes of Ross County, in 1797. His father, a Virginian by birth, was an early settler of that county, and the father of our subject was reared on a farm and educated in the primitive schools of his day, which were held in rudelyconstructed log houses. He was one of the original settlers of Darbyville, helped to lay out the streets of the village, and his name was associated with the early improvements of the place. He erected a hotel, and was engaged in its management until his untimely death at the age of fifty, which deprived the village of one of its most public-spirited and valued citizens, and the Methodist Church of one of its most liberal and zealous members. The maiden name of his wife was Mary J. Crego, and she too was a native of Ohio. They had four children, of whom these three grew to maturity: William, John T., and Fanny, Mrs. Fissell. The mother remarried, becoming the wife of Isaac Calendine, and died at the age of twenty-seven years, leaving one child by her second marriage, Lillie. She was a Christian and a consistent member of the Methodist Church.

village, living with Dr. R. II. Tipton after the death of his parents until he was sixteen years old. He then went to Madison County and worked on the farm of Oliver Mitchell until he was twentyone years of age. Ambitious to improve his education, he next went to school at Jjancaster, where he pursued a seven-months' course of study, and after that he began teaching at East Lancaster, Fairfield County. He taught there one term, and the ensuing twelve years was engaged in teaching in Pickaway County, liaving charge of a school in Darby Township seven years, and the remainder of the time exercising his vocation in Darbyville, Muhlenburg Township. Five years of the time that he was teaching he was assiduously reading medicine every leisure moment that he could snatch from his duties. Dr. Tipton being his instructor. Abandoning the work of teaching, he turned his attention to the general mercantile business in partnership with Mr. Fissell, under the firm name of Fissell and Kirkendall, and for two years was thus engaged. Resuming his old calling, he taught school one year, and read medicine with Dr. F. M. Black. He subsequently attended lectures at Starling Medical College, Columbus, and was graduated therefrom February 25, 1879. He entered upon the practice of his profession with a fine equipment for the life before him, years of careful study giving him an accurate knowledge of medicine in all its branches, and paving the way to the success that has followed, which makes him one of our most reputable and trusted phj^sicians, with a large practice, covering miles of territory. After leaving college, he was in partnership with Dr. Black a year, but since then he has been by himself.

The Doctor has one of the most attractive homes in Darbyville, which is presided over with consummate tact by his amiable wife, formerly ]\Iiss Sally Rennick, to whom he was wedded September 29, 1880. Mrs. Kirkendall was born September 16, 1856, in Darby Township, and is a daughter of Benjamin F. Rennick, now a resident of that township. Two children complete the household of our subject and his wife, Benjamin R. and Edward T.

citizenship of his native village, in whose welfare he is deepl}^ concerned, and he has done much to promote its higher interests. His fellow-citizens, knowing him so well, and appreciating his line character, rare executive ability and progressive public spirit, have often called him to important civic positions. Thus he served as Mayor of the village four years, and as Councilman six years; has been School Director, and was School Examiner two years, appointed by Probate Judge Walk to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Judge Cartright. He was Justice of the Peace for the township three years and Township Clerk one term in Darby Townshii). The Doctor is well informed on all political matters, and is a recogzed leader among the Republicans of this section, his counsel being valued in the gatherings of the party, which he has faithfuU}^ served at vai'ious times as delegate to county, congressional and State conventions. Socially, his relations are with the Masonic order at Mt. Sterling, and he has taken the Royal Arch Degree at London. Religiously, both he and his wife are active members of the Methodist Church, and he is Trustee of the church and the parsonage.

<^ IJK)ILTJAM GILL, a son of one who was a \rJ// prominent pioneer of Pickaway County', ^(7^ is himself one of its leading farmers, occupying land in Salt Creek Township which has never been out of the family since the patent was obtained from the Government in the early days of the settlement of this part of the State. This pleasant old homestead is his birthplace, and here he first opened his eyes to its primitive surroundings, November 8, 1832.

Capt. William Gill, the father of our subject, was born in Virginia July 8, 1792. He served with credit in the War of 1812, and at its close received a commission as Captain in the United States army, as he had shown especial ability as a leader, having enlisted as Captain of volunteers. He saw hard service in the Northwest, and was sent in charge of prisoners to Chillicothe, which was established as a fort for captives; he was subsequently made Commander of that prison. That was his first introduction to this part of the country, and he was so favorably impressed with it that he determined to settle h^re, and in 1817 selected Pickaway County for his future home, locating on land in Salt Creek Township. He resided here to within six years of his death, and then went to live with a daughter in Circleville, where he died, January 29, 1861, and thus passed away one of the old landmarks of the county, one who had been honored and reverenced not only as one of the leading pioneers and citizens of his day, but was held in great regard for his spotless character as a man. He was widely known and had many friends. The Captain was, at one time, one of the largest propert}^ holders of this section, owning nine hundred and twenty-seven acres of land in Salt Creek Township. He was Justice of the Peace for several j^ears, and was also Associate Justice of the county for a number of years. The mother of our subject was Nancy Winship, and she was born in Berkeley County, W. Va., December 5, 1792, a daughter of the Hon. Win Winship, a native of England, who came to this country soon after the Revolution, and became a prominent merchant in Martinsburg. He also owned a mill there and some land. In 1801, he came to Ohio, and was appointed to fill the office of Register of Lands in the general laud office at Chillicothe, under President John Adams. He entered and owned a large tract of land in Ross, Pickaway, Champaign and Madison Counties, and finally located in Pickaway Count\', where he died in 1812. The mother of our subject died in 1876, in her eighty-fourth year. She was a Presbj- terian in her religious views, and was firm in the faith until her death. There were three children in the fami\y, of whom our subject is the youngest. The eldest is Win Winship, now living in Chicago. The second, INIartha, who married John T. Jacobs, died in July, 1891.

William (iill was reared on the farm that has alwa3'S been his own. He obtained the preliminaries of his education in the little brick schoolhouse that was located in his district when he was a boy, and he subsequently attended Mt. Pleasant Academ3' at Kingston a short time. At the age of twenty-one, he entered upon his successful career as a farmer on the old homestead. lie has three hundred acres of excellent land in Salt Creek Township, that is well watered bj' Scipio Creek, a good part of it being held by patent from tiie Government and has never been bought or sold. It is historical ground, as here Lord Dunmore, in 1774, then Royal Governor of Virginia, camped on the north bank of Scipio Creek, at the time he was making his celebrated treaty with the Indians, whereby the Northwestern territory was thrown open to the whites for settlement. In plowing the land, silver buttons and bullets, relics of the P2nglish lord and his troops, have been uncovered and picked up from the soil in which they had been buried for more than a century.

November 23, 1854, Mr. Gill was united in marriage to Miss Lucy Cushing, a lady of much intelligence and many pleasant attributes, who presides over their atttractive home with true grace, cordially seconding his genial hospitality whenever friend or stranger comes within their gates. Mrs. Gill is a native of Lawrence County, Ky., and, like her husband, she comes of a distinguished ancestry. Her parents were Henry and Margaret (Ferguson) Cushing, natives respective!}^ of Boston, Mass., and Pennsylvania. Her paternal grandfather, Nathaniel Cushing, was born in Boston, coming of the old New England stock, and he was a Colonel in the Continental army during the Revolution, his commission, signed by his old commander. Gen. Washington, being still in possession of his family. He was also one of the famous tea party that threw the tea overboard in Boston Harbor. After the war. Col. Cushing came to Ohio as a member of the Belpre party, and settled there on a farm, which is still in possession of his descendants. He was one of the earliest pioneers of the State, and his bones now rest in its soil. His son Nathaniel died in earl}- life; Henry, father of Mrs. Gill, became a prosperous farmer, and died here in 1861, at the age of eighty-four j'ears; James V. was the second white child born in Ohio, and Mrs. Gill has a fine portrait of him; Thomas died in early life. James was a miller in Zanesville for man}- years, being in partnershii) with Alfred Martin. In 1831 he succeeded in cornering the wheat market in New York City. He died in Zanesville, where he had accumulated a fortune. The mother of IMrs. Gill died in 1882, at the age of eighty-four years. Both she and her husband were stanch Presbyterians and active in the church for many years. The latter had served in the War of 1812. They were the parents of four children, and were both of long-lived races, his grandfather living to be nearly a hundred years old. Mr. and Mrs. Gill have six children: Martha, wife of L. C. McPherson, editor of the Massillonian, at Massillon; Annie B., at home with her parents; Mary W., also at home; William H., who is with the John Shelito Dry Goods Co., and is married; Alice, a teacher at Adelphi; and George, at home.

Mr. Gill is a man of much prominence and in- Iluence in his native county, as he is clear brained, with an intellect steadily [)oised, possesses accurate judgment, and is sensible and well informed. lie takes a deep interest in politics, and keeps himself thoroughly posted in all the ins and outs of political life, believes in the Third-party movement, and is strongl}' in favor of the I^armers' Alliance, which has in him one of its leaders in this section.

^OIIN E. FERREL. This honored gentle- I man, who makes his home in Perr}" Town- -^ 1 ship, Pickaway Count}', is a native of ^^^^ Clinton County, Ohio, where he was born August 5, 1858, and is a son of AVilliam II. and Mar}' (Taylor) Ferrel, both natives of the Buckeye State. The father was a merchant the most of his life but now is engaged in the real-estate business in Clinton County, Ohio.

Three children were born to the parents of our subject, he being the first-born. He is of Scotch- Irish descent and also comes of a long-lived race. John E. was afforded the privileges of the common schools until he reached the age of sixteen years, at which early age he left home and commenced an active life on his own account. He secured his start by trading a liorse wliicli lie possessed for some liill land, and this he worked diligently for one year, when he was enabled to buy a team, and then engaged in teaming. This latter occupation he followed for three years, when he learned telegraphy. He was very quick to learn and soon became an adept and was immediately given an oflice. and is now one of the oldest operatoi'S and agents in the employ' of the Pan Handle Company. He has been in the employ of this company since 1880, and has had charge of the office at New Holland since that time. He has also been agent for the Adams P^xpress Company at this place since 1884. Aside from his railroad duties, Mr. Ferrel is engaged in the coal business and controls all the trade in his town, and handles upwards of one hundred and twentyfive carloads a year.

The worthy subject of this life notice was married August 9, 1883, to Miss Carrie Davis, a daughter of Dr. B. R. Davis, of New Holland. One child has been born of this union, who bears the name of Nina. Mr. Ferrel is a thoroughgoing business man and has plenty of push, pluck and perseverance, which always insure success in any undertaking.

P^NRY LEASE, a well-known resident of Union Township, Fayette County, is a son of Joseph i^ease, who was born in Ross County, Ohio, July 25, 1811. The latter's father, George Lease, was one of the first settlers in Ross County, and he and his wife came to that count}' on horseback from Virginia at an early day.

George Lease had a family of eight children, and all but one grew to mature years and settled in Hardin and Ross Counties. In Ross County, George Lease bought land and reared his family about two miles west of Frankfort. He served in the War of 1812, in the raid through Ohio, and all through those early years the Indians abounded all around them, and they had a hard struggle in their pioneer life in the wilderness.

Joseph Lease was reared in Ross County, Ohio, and received his eduation in the pioneer schools. He remained with his father for some time after he grew to manhood and then moved onto a farm, which the father had bought for him. The 3'oung man was married to Miss Mary, a daughter of Teddy Goldberry, who came to Ohio from Virginia, and was one of the early settlers here, making his home upon Paint Creek. Joseph Lease made his home in the same place until 1857, when he sold out and moved to Hardin County, where he lemained for four years, as he had there bought six hundred acres of land. He then removed to Ross County, living near his old home for several years, and while living there enlisted in the cavalry troop, and was in the service for three years and six months. After his return from the war, he moved to Salem, Ross County, where he still lives.

Joseph Lease had a family of nine children, five of whom gained man's and woman's estate, and three of that number are still living, namely: Nancy, the wife of Mr, Pern Souther, who went into the army, and has since died; Teddie, who also went into the army, and after a ten-months' service returned home on account of ill health, and our subject. The father was a Democrat, politically, but during the time of the Rebellion he was an earnest supporter of the Government and an ardent upholder of the cause of the Union. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, as was also his wife, who was called from his side by death, October 25, 1888.

The date of the birth of our subject was September 17, 1832, and the scene of his nativity' was the old homestead in Ross County, Ohio. Here he was reared and lived until he was twenty years old, when he went to Hardin County with his father. There he married Gertrude, a daughter of Abraham Roseborne, a prominent farmer of that county. The young people settled upon two hundred acres of land in Hardin County, and remained there for four years, at the end of wiiich time the young man gave up this land to pay his father's debts, and they returned to Ross County. He served his country, as calls came for his help, and he was out with others to meet the Morgan

After the war, our subject removed to Fayette County, making his home here in INIarch, 1865, and remaining here for three years. He bought the land where he now lives, and placed it under cultivation. His children are Sarah and Etta, who live at home, and Mary, who married William Wilson, and lives in this township. His property consists of sevent}^ acres, which constitute his home farm, and forty-tive acres upon which his daughter lives. He is a strong advocate of the temperance movement and, politically, is attached to the Prohibition party, although he was formerly Rei)ublican. In the Methodist Episcopal Church, lo which he belongs, he is a Class-leader and an active worker for all church objects. For a number of years he has been Superintendent of the Sunday-school, and he is foremost in promoting all movements which tend to religion and morality.

f^ ENRY O. LUDWIG. This prominent far- \\ mer and stock-raiser of Pickaway County is at present residing on his fine farm, situated on section 7, Circleville Township. His estate is finely improved and its owner has reached that stage where he is enjoying a pleasing degree of success. Mr. Ludwig was born in Circleville Township, December 16, 1832, aiid is thus more interested in his community than he would be had he been born in some other place.

Our subject is the son of Jacob Ludwig, whose father, Daniel Ludwig, was born in Berks County, Pa., June 4, 1748. His father, also named Daniel, and his mother, Mary Ludwig, came from German}'. Daniel Ludwig was associated in a store with Gov. Joseph Heister at 'Reading, Pa., for a number of years, and in the fall of 1806 emigrated to Ohio, bringing his family, which consisted of a wife and nine children, together with a small stock of goods, in wagons drawn by horses. He opened up a store in his dwelling, and some time later erected a large brick residence which was the home U of Jacob Ludwig for mure than seventy years and in one i)()rtion of which he intended to keep his store. Three of his sons on whom he dei)ended to aid him in that project died and the store was never estal^lished, the goods being disiKjsed of to his neighbors. The house alluded to was ])iiilt in 180'.t and was the first brick residence in Pickaway County,

The grandfather of our subject piiichased a half section of land in Circleville Township and entered lands in this and other counties until he Ix'came the OAvner of three thousand acres. He was the original owner of the land upon which the town of Logan, Hocking County, now stands and stood very high in luisiness circles. He was married three times, his first wife, to whom he was united in 1778, being A})pelona, daughter of Michael and Susannah Miller. Mis. Ludwig was born INIarch 14, 1760, and became the mother of four children, namely: John, who was born January 29, 1779; Christena, born November 27, 1781; Daniel, born October 11, 1783, died January 28, 1790; George, who was born September 3, 1785, died February 8, 1810. Mrs. Appelona Ludwig died May 14, 1787, and March 11, 1788, Mr. Ludwig was married to P^va, daughter of Cas[)er and Rebecca Grissmer, who was born November 12, 1766. By that union were born two children: Thomas, born January 15, 1789, died February 15, 1810, and Joseph, who was born October 1, 1790, died Sei)tember 10, 1807. Mrs. Eva Ludwig died on the 21st of October, 1800. Daniel Ludwig was a third time married, the lady of his choice being Elizabeth, daughter of John and Elizalieth Sluipert, their wedding taking place in 1802. Mrs. Ludwig was l)orn March 31, 1776, and became the mother of the followingnamed children: Catherine, who was l)orn July 7. 1803; Mary, November 30, 1804; Jacob, April 17, 1806; Elizabeth, March 13, 1808; Rachel, November 25, 1810; Susannah, August 9, 1812. Daniel Ludwig died June 9, 1825, and his wife. May 3, 1816.

Jacob Ludwig, the father of our subject, was the third child and onlv son of the third marriage, and was six months old at the time of his parents' removal to this State. His earlj^ education was received in the district school, which was later sup- plemented b^' a two-year's attendance at the schools of Circleville, when Dr. Brown, President of the First National Bank, was his teacher. He was married, November 18, 1830, to Evelina INIorris, the daughter of Henry and Charity Morris. Mrs. Lndwig was born July 12, 1812, and died February 23, 1818. Their taniily included seven sons and one daughter, namely: Daniel, who was born November 23, 1831; our subject, who was the second in order of birth ; Isaac, who was born September 21, 1834; George, January 14, 1836; John, born December 17, 1837, died April 7, 1848; Mary E., born April 28, 1839; David >S., June 16, 1842, and Jacob, Jr., born January 27, 1848, died July 1(1 (if that year. The father of our subject passed from this life October 12, 1881, at a ripe old age. He was a prominent man in the farming community, owning at the time of his death about two thousand acres of land.

The original of this sketch received his education in the pioneer log schoolhouse, and being an apt pupil made the best of his limited opportunities. He remained under the parental roof until 1870, when he began farming on his own account. Mr. Ludwig and INliss Amelia GeoUer were united in marriage April 6, 1875. Mrs. Ludwig was born in Circleville, and was the daughter of Leonard and Jessie Tina GeoUer, natives of Germany. Her parents emigrated to America about 1860 and located in Circleville, where the father worked at his trade of machinist. He died in 1890; the mother is still living and makes her home in Circleville. They were the parents of nine children, seven of whom are living.

In his political belief, Mr. Ludwig is a stanch Democrat. He served his fellow-townsmen as Land Appraiser of Circleville Township in 1880 and 1890. His wife is a member of the German Lutheran Church and is an active worker in that body. Our subject is the owner of three hundred and thirty-eight and one-fourth acres of land on section 7, which is one of the finest estates in the township. He gives his entire time and attention to raising the cereals and has his place stocked with the best grade of cattle and horses. I^or a number of years, he was engaged as a drover, buying and shipping cattle and hogs to the city markets. His present residence, which was erected in 1887, is a comfortable and substantial structure, as the reader will judge bj' a glance at a view of the liome presented on another page. The attention of the reader is also invited to the portrait of Mr. Ludwig shown in this connection.

AMES A. DRESBACH. The name of Dres bach has been connected with the rise and growth of Pickawa>- County since the early days of its settlement, and the representative of the present generation, of whom we write, is closely associated with its interests as one of the most successful farmers of Pickaway Township, where he has a choice farm and a pleasant home. The subject of this biograi)liical review was born on the old Dresbach homestead, in Salt Creek Township, December 8, 1839. The histoiy of the Dresbachs extends back to one Martin Dresbach. who was born in the Kingdom of Wurtemberg, in 1717. In due time he was married to Anna Eve Hoffman, the daughter of a teacher of Nassau Siegen, and in 1746 they emigrated to America. They located in Lancaster County, Pa., and there reared a family of four sons and two daughters: Jacob, Henry, John, Martin, INIargaret and Catherine. Their eldest son Jacob was the great-grandfather of our subject. He married Magdalene Buchs, or Books in the English form, and they had thirteen children, of whom their son George was the grandfather of our subject. He was their third child in order of birth, and was born January 13, 1784. He married Catherine Betts, who was born in Union Count}-, Pa., February 14, 1788, their marriage taking place January 10, 1809. The following is the record of their children : Mary was born November 27, 1 809 ; Hannah, January 2, 1812; Elizabeth, June 17, 1814; AVilliam,Sept(!mber21, 1817; Manuel, March 9, 1820; Sarah, January 16, 1823; George, August 18, 1825; Abner, August 16, 1828, and Solomon, August 16, 1831.

The grandparents of our subject left the old home in Peuns3'lvania in 1811, to found a new one in the forests of Ohio, and in the ^^ears of sac- riticc and privation that followed, the grandfather cleared a farm in Salt Creek Township, living to enjoy the triumphs of his labors after braving tlie dangers of pioneer life. He was a soldier during the AVar of 1812, and underwent the vicissitudes of those troublous times at the front, as well as in the backwoods. He was constitutionally brave and fearless, and he was noted for his uprightness of character and exemplary life. He was an active and most worthy member of the United Brethren Church, which mourned his loss, as did the entire community, when he closed his eyes in death November 3, 1863.

William Dresbach, the father of our subject, was reared under the wholesome influences of farm life and the stern discii)line of pioneer life, and his character was modeled after that of his father, from whom he inherited man}' fine traits. He was very strict in his religious views and was a leading member of the United Brethren Church. In his early years, he was a Democrat, but in 1848 he broke away from that i)art3', and after the organization of the Republican party he joined its ranks. His long and honorable life was rounded out by his death, March .5, 1882. His first wife, Margaret, daughter of William and Jane (Patterson) Earnheart, of this county, to whom he was married February 22, 1839, died May 28, 1863. His second marriage was August 1, 1869, with Mrs. Louisa Ford. James A. Dresbach is the eldest of nine children. The first school that he attended was taught in an old log schoolhouse, the typical institution of learning in pioneer times. He jiassed his bo^yhood days on his father's farm, liel[)ing to till the soil and reap the harvests, feeding the calves and pigs, caring for the colts and sheep, and performing the thousand and one chores required of an active farmei-'s boy. In 1863, he began his independent career as a farmer, and 1867 he came into possession of his present fine farm, which is a part of the old homestead. It comprises two hundred and ten acres of very fertile land, advantageously situated on section 1, Pickaway Township, and well watered by Scipio Creek. He has made many valuable improvements, including a commodious and conveniently arranged brick residence. He raises and feeds cattle, keeping the best grades, having from twenty to fifty head. He sometimes does his own shipping, fre([uently sendingacar to Fastern cities, and he sold the first cattle that brought -t !;')() apiece in Albany, N. Y.

Our subject stands high in the estimati(»n of his fellow-citizens, who know him to be a man of honor and strict veracity, with a clear, sensible mind, and much decision of character. He is capable of forming his own opinions on all subjects with which he is conversant, and is fearless in expressing his sentiments. In politics, he is an ardent Republican, and a leader of his party in this section, representing it occasionally as a delegate to count}', congressional and judicial conventions. He has also taken an active part in the administraticm of public affairs, having held the office of Trustee of the township six years, and he is Director of his school district, taking great interest in educational matters, and in all things calculated to elevate tiie community.

Mr. Dresbach was married in 1867 to Miss Mary Alexander, of Tarlton, a daughter of John and INLargaret (Martz) Alexander, who were natives of Pennsylvania, and came to Pickaway County in an early day of its settlement. Her father was a school teacher. Mr. and IMrs. Dresbach have had four children, namely: AVilliam, James, John, and one that died in infancy.

^ DWARD ULM, a farmer and stock-raiser, residing in Range T()wnshi[), IMadison County, was born in Piekawa}' County, Ohio, June 8, 1823, and is a son of Samuel and Hannah (Funk) Ulm. His father was I torn in Virginia, of German parentage, and his mother was a native of the Keystone State. When hewasal)out six years old, they emigrated to Ross County, ( )hio, where our subject made his home until 1881. Mr. Ulm was married December 7, 1848, to Miss Julia A. Counts, daughter of Peter and Mary Counts. He engaged in operating his father's land in Ross County, and after three years purchased ninety-six acres of the homestead. Subsequently, he sold that, in 1861, and bought another seventy-five acres of his father.

On the 4th of May, 1864, Mr. Ulm enlisted in Company E, One Hnndredand Ninetieth Ohio Infantiy, and was in the second battle of Manassas Jnnetion, where he had a ball shot through his hat and came near being taken prisoner. After his one hundred days of service liad expired, he was discharged, August 28, 1864. Returning to Ross Count}', he there continued farming until 1881, when he came to Madison County, and has since resided upon the farm which is now his home. He had married Mrs. Martha Ann Rector, and as his wife had an interest in this farm, he purchased the interest of the other heirs, and now has one hundred and fifty-seven and one-half acres.

Mrs. Ulm was born in Deer Creek Township, Pickaway County. Her father, John Wiggins, was born in Ross County, December 24, 1810, and married Amy Toweleger, who was born in Ulster Count}", N. Y., March 3, 1813, and came to Ohio with her parents when five years old. Mr. and Mrs. Wiggins wei-e married March 31, 1831, and resided upon a farm in Pickaway County. Their daughter Martha was the fourth in a family of eight children, all of whom are now married and doing well. Her father died in Pickaway County, April 28, 1889, at the age of seventy-nine years, and her mother is still living at the age of seventynine.

Mrs. Ulm was born July 24, 1840, and when sixteen years of age, on the 9th of November, 1856, became the wife of Amos D, Rector, a widower with four children. He was born in Pickaway County, May 5, 1820, and was a farmer in good circumstances. He died at his home in his native county, September 1, 1880, and was buried in Pleasant Cemetery. Six children were born unto Mr. and Mrs. Rector: Florence P., wife of Edwin Blacker, a harness maker of Range Township, by whom she has two children; Ora I. married Reason Phebus, and, with then' two children, they reside in Pickaway County; Joseph S. makes his home in Pickaway County; Amy Etta is the wife of William Eckert, of Kosciusko, Ind., and has two children; Matilda H. is the wife of Thomas Hancock, of Polk County, Mo., by whom she has two children; and Vista S. is at home.

and the remainder of his property he has acquired through his own efforts. His life has been characterized by industiy and enterprise, and he is now a well-to-do farmer. He voted for Henry Clay in 1844, for J. C. Fremont in 1856, and is now a Prohibitionist. He has never been an office-seeker, preferring to devote his time and attention to his business interests.

By his first marriage, Mr. Ulm had one son and two daughters: Margaret E., wife of Andrew Wilkins, of Ross County, b}' whom she has seven children; Clarinda, wife of Robert Eggleston, a machinist, of Peoria, 111., by whom she has one child; and Edward J., at home. Mr. Ulm and his twc> daughters are members of the Methodist Church, with which he united when fourteen 3'ears of age. Social!}', he is a member of the Grand Army Post.

NDREW J. CLING AN, who won a good record while fighting for his adopted li\ country in the late war, and has since acquired a high reputation as a useful citizen of Madison Count}', is a prominent member of his community, being at the present time Justice of the Peace of Summerford. He is an adopted son of William Clingan, who died in Maryland at an early day. Andrew J. was born in Washington County, that State, August 21, 1820, and, when reaching mature years, learned the trade of a tailor. He resided in his native place until 1839, when he came to Springfield, Ohio, and there carried on his trade until 1842, at which time he came to West Jefiferson, this county, and was similarly employed for the following seven years.

In the spring of 1850, he of whom we write made his home in Summerford, where he was established as a merchant tailor until 1865, and for the three succeeding years was engaged in the grocery business. Mr. Clingan then became the proprietor of a clothing store, which he carried on successfully for two years, his ability in business affairs enabling him to accumulate a handsome compe- tence. He has served his fellow-townsmen in different capacities, and is the incumbent at the present time of the office of Justice of the Peace. During the administration of President Hayes, he was Postmaster at vSummerford, when, by his genial and cordial manners, he prepossessed people in his favor. He has also been Township Clerk for five years, and Constable for a number of terms, in which positions he discharged his obligations in a most creditable and satisfactory manner.

The lady to whom Mr. Clingan was married, February 17, 1842, was Miss P^lizabeth Ann Clark, who was born in Maryland, January 24, 1824. To them have been granted a family of seven children: Alonzo, Laura V., Mary, William, Ida F., James and Frances. During the late war, Alonzo served in the Union army as a member of Company K, Twenty-sixth Ohio Regiment. He was taken prisoner at the battle of Chickamauga and confined in Andersonville, where he died October 30, 1864. Laura Y., the second child of our subject, is the wife of J. T. Arnold, of Troy, this State; Mary married Frank Weller, and William married Emma Eckls; Ida is the wife of T. C. Foster; James married Addie Cartzdafner, and Frances Itecame Mrs. Thomas Welch. Mrs, Clingan is a devoted member of the Christian Church, with which denomination she has worshipped for a quarter of a century.

Mr. Clingan enlisted in July, 1861, joining Company K, Twenty-sixth Ohio Infantry, and did brave and efficient service for twenty-nine months. He participated in many of the important battles of the war, and received his discharge from Gen. Rosecrans on account of physical disability. His long residence in this county has made iiim well known throughout its borders and an upright life has won him universal esteem.

OHARLES F. ALKIRE. The family of which , this gentleman is an honored representative , is one of the most favorably known in Madison County, its members having contributed their efforts to the development of the resources of the community, and having ever been distinguished for manliness and nobility of character. It is therefore with pleasure that we invite the attention of the reader to the following brief outline of the life of one of its most widely known representatives.

Charles F. Alkire was born in Pleasant Township, Madison County, Ohio, March 4, 1860, and is a son of Abraham R. and Mary J. (Tanner) Alkire. The father, who for many years was a farmer, is now living retired in Mt, Sterling, but the mother has passed from the scenes of eartli. Upon the farm which his father owned and operated, our subject passed his childhood and youth in a comparatively imeventful manner, his time being occupied with his studies at school and in aiding in the farm work.

When about twent^'-two years of age, Mr. Alkire was married, December 7, 1882, to Flora E. Heath, who was born in the township where she now lives, October 23, 1861. After their marriage, the young couple located where they still reside, and they are now the parents of two children: William, born January 29, 1885, and Clyde, September 23, 1886. The home of this happy family is an attractive and commodious residence, built in 1890, and containing all the comforts of a model home.

Upon locating upon his present farm, whicli was purchased by his father and father-in-law, Mr. Alkire found the place in poor condition, but he at once commenced its improvement, putting up good fences, introducing an effective system of drainage, and otherwise adding to the value of the land. He now engages in raising, buying and selling stock, in which more than ordinary success has met his efforts. In addition to his homestead of eighty acres, he owns four hundred and fift}- acres of land, received from his father's estate.

In their religious connections, Mr. and Mrs. Alkire are faithful and active members of the Christian Church of Mt. Sterling, and the destitute always find in them helpful and generous friends, while public measures for the benefit of the community receive their active co-operation. The principles of the Republican party are those which Mr. Alkire believes best adapted to the advancement of the Government, and he uses his influence for its candidates. Although he has scarcely readied the prime of life, he has gained the full confidence of his fellow-cilizens and in future years will undoubtedly be called ui)on to perform many responsible and honorable duties in the public interest.

riNN BRADLF.Y. Among those who have ^^ ' been so successful financially that they are enabled to lay aside the cares of life and spend their declining years in the enjoyment of suitable comforts, is Mr. Bradley, a retired merchant of ^V"est Jefferson. He is the owner of the old homestead located in Monroe Township which was the scene of his labors for many 3'ears. He is residing in a ver3' comfortable home surrounded by his famil}' and enjo}ing tlie esteem of numerous friends and acquaintances.

The parents of our subject were David and Nancy (Morrow) liradley, the former of whom was born in Monroe Township, Madison County, and the latter in Tioga County, N. Y. The father passed away in his native place, July 6, 1850, while the mother, who survived him a great many years, died in Jefferson Township, the same county, January 26, 1892. The}^ were the parents of three sons and two daughters, of whom our subject was the youngest, he being born March 10, 1844, in Monroe Township, where he grew to manhood. The education which he received was of a practical kind, as his advantages in the educational line wei'e ver}^ limited. He aided his mother in carrying on the farm until the outbreak of the Civil War, when, in Ma}', 1862, he enlisted in Compan}^ D, Eighty-fourth Ohio Infantry, and served with his regiment until the following September. Early in the winter of 1864, however, he re-enlisted, this time becoming a member of Compan}' C, Second Ohio Cavalry, and remained in the array until the close of the war. Returning home to Madison County, jNIr. Bradle}^ again resumed farming.

October 28, 1869, the original of this sketch was married to Miss Kate, daughter of Adam Zinn, one of the old settlers of Franklin County. The lady was l>orn in Columbus, in October, 1843. and continued to reside with her husband on the old homestead in Monroe Township, which he had purchased, until 1875, at which time they came to West Jefferson. Here Mr. Bradley- engaged in the grocer^'^ business for eighteen months, when he sold out, and in 1878 established a drugstore, carrjing on a very paying business until August 1, 1890, when he disposed of his stock and has since lived retired from active work of an}^ kind.

Mr. Bradley has taken an active part in local affairs and has been chosen by the citizens of the township to hold many offices of trust, among which was Township Clerk and School Director. Being a Grand Army man, Mr. Bradle}^ is a member of Wilson Burrows Post No. 389, and as an Odd Fellow is connected with West Jefferson Tvodge No. 412. He is always interested in measures which tend toward the upbuilding of his community, and during electicns invariablj- casts a Republican vote. Mr. and Mrs. Bradley have one daughter, Elta, who with her parents is a member of the Baptist Church.

^Vr RBAN G. CREAMER. A conspicuous po- ((( I sition among the attornej's of Fa3'ette ^^t\ County is held by this gentleman, who is actively engaged in professional duties, and who, through well-directed efforts, has gained success in his calling. Although he has resided in Washington C. H. for a brief period only, having located here m 1889, he has already secured a permanent place in the regard of the people, and his wide knowledge of the law renders his opinion valuable and often sought.

The early j^ears of the life of our subject were passed amid rural scenes on his father's farm near Jeffersonville, Ohio, where he was born July 25, 1851. For further facts in his paternal history, the reader is referred to the sketch of A. R. Creamer, presented elsewhere in this volume. He passed the summer seasons in farm work, and in the winter diligentl}' applied himself to his studies in the district school. At the age of eighteen, he commenced to teach and was thus engaged during winters for five 3^ears, his summers being devoted to agricultural labors. For a few years he worked exclusively on a farm, having charge of the old homestead where he was born.

At the age of twenty-eight, Mr. Creamer was elected .Justice of the Peace and served with efliciency in that capacity for six years. Meanwhile he read law whenever opportunity offered, and at the expiration of his term of service as Justice, he left Jefferson ville and ^iroceeded to Williamsburgh, Clermont County, where he studied law for one year entirel}^ under liis own direction. March 1, 1888, he was admitted to practice at the Bar of the State of Ohio, and located for the practice of his profession at Williamsburgh, where he remained until he came to Washington C. H., in February, 1889. Since that time, he has gained a good practice and devotes his attention closely to the demands of his professional duties. In the spring of 1892, he was elected Justice of the Peace at Washington C. H.

The marriage of Mr. Creamer to Miss Laura McLean, of Williamsburgh, was celebrated January 21, 1889, and their pleasant home in Washington C. H. is brightened b}' the presence of one child, a son, J. Byron. Religiously, Mr. Creamer is identified with the Methodist Episcopal Church, and socially, is a member of the Cerneau Scottish Rite, F. c\i A. M., which includes the Blue Lodge.

\f| AMES B. SPRAGUE, M. D., of London, who first won distinction as assistant surgeon in the army during the war, is a man of rare / personal worth, of wide experience as a physician, and stands high in professional and social circles in Madison County, where he is well known and honored.

Dr. Sprague was born in Clarke County, June 15, 1821, and his parents were James and Polly (Bailey) Sprague, who were natives respectively' of Massachusetts and New Hampshire, and were fine representatives of the old New England stock that has borne such an important part in the upbuilding of the great Commonwealth of Ohio. Hither the father came in 1812, and resumed his occupation as a farmer on the rich virgin soil of Clarke Count}', where he purchased three hundred and twenty acres of land. His first work was to build a log house for the shelter of his family, which he replaced later in life b}' a handsome l)iick residence. He was a man of fine physique, standing six feet and two inches in his stockings, and he was gifted with great strength. He possessed good mental ability, was a clear-headed business man, and was one of the wealth>' citizens of liis count3^ He was a Democrat, with an intelligent comprehension of the political situation in his day. He lived to dance with his grandchildren, and was of a ripe old age when he died. His cliildren were eight in number, and six of them are yet living: Leonard B., Mrs. Orisa Rice, James B., Mrs. Percy Wallingsford, Mrs. Maria McMahon, and Mrs. Mary E. Cameron.

The subject of this life record spent the first twenty years of his life on his father's farm. His early education was obtained in the district school.s of his native county, and he subsefpiently became a student at the Springfield High School, attending there three years in all, teaching at intervals to get money to pay his expenses. His father dying, he was appointed one of the administrators of the estate, and left school to attend to his duties, living on the farm until the estate was settled. He sold his share of the property to his brother Leonard, as he had determined to prepare himself for the medical profession, toward which his tastes inclined liim. He entered upon his studies with Dr. Robert Rodgers, of Springfield, and was with him three years. By that time he was so well up in bis studies that he at once took high rank in his classes when he entered the Ohio Medical College at Cincinnati, from which he was graduated in March, 1851. He established himself at Vienna Cross Roads in his native county, and remained tliere until June, 18G2. He was then offered tlie position of assistant surgeon of the Twenty-seventh Ohio Infantry, and for thi'ee j-ears he labored incessantly among the sick and dying soldiers on Southern battle-fields, doing all in his power to allay suffering and to stay the hand of death, and many a poor boy bad cause to Ihank bim for a life saved or a deatb-bed robbed of its pain. But sucb devotion to his duties told severely on bis own health, and be utterlj'^ broke down, so that he was discharged and sent home on a bed. He subsequently returned to the South in the same capacity, under a contract with Col. Lathrop, of Cincinnati, and was absent two months.

Although olitained at such a terril)le cost, our subject's experience as an army surgeon has been invalua))le to him in his subsequent practice, and he has risen to greater prominence in liis profession by reason of it. He continued his practice in his native county until 1871, when he sold out there and came to London to make his future home. His residence is on South Oak Street, and he has his office in the same lot. He is the oldest practitioner in the village, whither his fame had preceded him, and he has all the patients that he can attend to, botii in the village and in the country. He is as devoted to his profession as when he first entered it with all the vigor, high hopes and ambitions of early manhood, and has kept pace with the times in regard to the progress made in the medical world by means of new discoveries and inventions. He has been singularly successful in dealing with diliicult and dangerous cases. It is said of him that in forty years' practice he has had more cases of obstetrics, in all probal)ilit3% than any other ph3'sician in the county, and yet he has never lost but one patient, whom the Doctor thinks was poisoned b}^ an attendant.

Dr. vSprague was married, in 1843, to Miss Sarah Chamberlain, of Clarke County, and a daughter of Isaac and Polly (Ilarriman) Cliamlierlain. They were natives of New Hampsiiire, and came to Ohio in the early years of its settlement. They kept a hotel for some years, and later lived on a farm until death, always making their home in Clarke County after coming to this State. Thej^ had six children, two of whom are living: Mattic and Mrs Si)rague. The marriage of our subject and his wife, which has been a union of true felicit}', has been hallowed to them by the birth of two children : Mrs. C. F. Wragg, of Clarke County, wlio is the niotlier of four children: Frank, Palmer, Leona and Charles; and Milton C, a physician

Our subject and his wife are regarded as valuable acquisitions to tlie community, and in them the Universalist Church has two devoted members. The Doctor is prominent in medical circles as one of the Examining Board of Physicians for Pensions, appointed tliereto by President Harrison, and as a leading nieml)er of the State Medical Society, in which he has held all the oflices. He belongs to Lyon Post No. 121, G. A. R., of which he is surgeon; and iie is also an Odd Fellow and a Mason, being the oldest Mason in London, a Scottish Rite niember, having taken tlie thirty-second degree in Masonry. Politically, he is a Democrat.

ellANNING VLEREBOME is one of the most successful and most extensive grain- ^ dealers in Perry Township, Pickawaj'^ County. He was born on the 9th of August, 1865, in New Holland, this township, and is a son of George and Marinda (Challhi) A'lerebome. The father was a native of New York, and came to Cincinnati, Ohio, when fourteen years of age, where he remained and worked four or five years as a clerk in a clothing store. He then went on the road as a traveling salesman for a firm, which position he held a number of 3'ears, and was one of the most successful, receiving a salary of $2,500 l)er 3'ear, which was at that time the highest paid. The father of our subject was married at New Holland, in 1859, and engaged in the grocery business at New Holland until the spring of 1886, when, his health failing somewhat, he retired from business. In 1876, he started in the elevator business, and in the year 1883 his elevator and grocery store were entirely destroyed b}^ fire, which resulted in a net loss of over 't2(),000. He was a stanch member of the Republican party, and belonged to the Masonic order.

his early education in the common schools, which was supplemented by a course in the business college at Delaware, Ohio. In July, 1888, Mr. Vlerehojne engaged in the elevator business at New Holland, and soon afterward associated with him Mr. George McCrea, the firm now being known as McCrea & Ylerebome. They handle annually over two hundred thousand bushels of wheat, and about the same amount of corn, and receive most all the custom of the township. Our subject is a member of the Knights of Pythias Lodge, and is one of the most highly respected young men in the community, admired by all for his sagacious judgment and square dealings.

,^^ AMUEL M. OWENS. Amid the numerous ^^^ changes which fall to the lot of mankind, |l\/Jl) it is the happy fortune of but few to pass nearly three-quarters of a century upon the same homestead, endeared to them through its associations Mith the events of their youth, manhood and old age. Such, however, is the history of Mr. Owens, who resided upon his farm in Wayne Township, Pickaway County, for a period of almost seventy years. As may be imagined, he was known alike to old and young for miles around his home, and wherever known was highly esteemed. He died at his home. May 13, 1892.

At one time the owner of about one thousand acres, Mr. Owens was still a large land-owner at the time of his demise, having in his possession between eight hundred and nine hundred acres, all of which are located in Wayne Township, with the exception of a farm in Jackson Township, this county. In connection with general farming, he was always greatly interested in stock-raising and had a large number of cattle, hogs and horses on his place. He was always a great lover of fine horses and for nearly twenty years engaged as a breeder of draft horses, making a specialty of Normans. He also raised cattle for thirt}^ years, and was a successful and judicious stock-raiser.

the journcj' being made in an old-fashioned twowheel cart drawn by two horses. Ix)cating in Jackson Townshi[), he rented a tract of land and built a log cabin which remained his home for some time. Subsequently, he removed to Wayne Township, where he purchased land when the surrounding country w^as new and wild game was plentiful, especially deer and turkeys. His family consisted, of his wife and two children: Samuel M., who was born in Montgomery Count}^ Md., August 21, 1808, and Mary, widow of Samuel Campbell, who died about 1884 in Circleville, this State.

The removal from Maryland to Ohio was made when our subject was a lad of seven 3^ears, and his education was gained in the schools of Jackson Township, which were of a primitive character, both as to mode of instruction and furnishings. When about twenty-two years old, he was united in marriage with Miss Eliza, daughter of Aaron Sullivan, who settled in Ross County, Ohio, at an early day. The worthy couple lived together in happiness, sharing the trials and hardships of pioneer life and industriously working their way to independence and prosperity, until April 6, 1875, when Mrs. Owens was called from time to eternity'. She was a faithful Christian, and for many years identified with the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Eleven children were born of the union of our subject and his wife: Massie Ann is the wife of Erank Brown, a farmer of Jackson Township; William (deceased) married Martha Rector, and they became the parents of seven children; Sallie became the wife of Henry Caldwell and died at Ashville some years ago; Ellen married Daniel R. Knowles, a fanner of Wayne Township; Mary was united wiLh Samuel Reigle and is now deceased; Ann M. is the wife of Daniel L. Knowles, a resident of Washington; Nancy is single and lives at home; Samuel married Mary Stevens and makes his home in Wayne Township; Marcus B. married Nina Jones and resides in Burlington Junction, Mo. Two died in infancy.

Reared an old-line AVliig, Mr. Owens cast his first Presidential ballot for Henry Clay in 1832, and was a firm Republican after the organization of that partj'^, although he did not take an active part in political affairs. As the years passed by, he placed additional improvements on his place and in 1852 replaced the old log cabin which had been his home with an attractive and commodious residence in which his closing years were passed. Hardworking and persevering, he gained success and was numbered among the most prominent citizens of the county. His friends will therefore be pleased to read this sketch of his life, and will also notice with interest the accompanying portrait.

dLLIAM BAUDEK,who died in Circleville, May 10, 1892, was one of the early set- // tiers of Pickawaj' County, and was born three miles east of Schenectady, N. Y., in the year 1813. His grandfather was a farmer, descended from a high German family. His father, Peter Bander, was a native of Herkimer County, and was a self-made man. He served as a teamster in the War of 1812. He engaged in farming until 1818, and then removed to Albany, where he remained until 1826, when he removed to West Troy. He afterward kept hotel in Albany and died in Jefferson County, N. Y., at about the age of seventy-four. For some time he was a member of the Methodist Church but afterward joined the Evangelical Association. He married Eliza Grace, who was born on the Isle of Man, and was a daughter of AVilliam Grace, a native of Ireland. On coming to America, he located in Albany, N. Y., where he spent the remainder of his life. After her husband's death, Mrs. Bander went to Illinois and made her home with some of her children. She died in Naperville, that State, but was buried in Montgomery.

In the parental family were fourteen children, twelve of whom grew to mature years. Those still living are Peter, a retired merchant of Clinton, Iowa; Hon. Cyrenus, who served his district in the State Legislature and resides in Lee County, Iowa, near Ft. IMadison; James, a farmer of INIaxlison Count3% N. Y.; Gerald of Nashua, Iowa; and Jane and Allen, both of whom also reside in Nashua.

The subject of this sketch began his education in Albanv, where the Lancasterian system of education was taught, there being four hundred scholars in one room. He there remained until thirteen years of age. He then began earning his own livelihood. When seventeen years of age, he was apprenticed to a carriage manufacturer under Amos Kendall, serving a term of three years. His employer was a skilled mechanic, and, under his instruction, Mr. Bander advanced rapidly in the line of his work. He afterward bought out his employer and carried on a successful business for some time. In connection with his brother, he afterward engaged in the manufacture of wheelbarrows and again prospered in this line of work. In 1838, he came to Ohio, and built a shop in Dresden, but business did not pay in that place, and he removed to Circleville. He afterward engaged in Iiusiness as a manufacturer of carriages and wagons and built up an excellent trade. The first buggy he made was for ex-Sheriff Wolfley. He had many hardships and difficulties to overcome, but by his enterprise and skill worked liis way upward, acquiring, an excellent patronage.

In 1839, in Zanesville, Ohio, Mr. Bander was united in marriage with Miss Ann Fleming, who was born in New Jersey, and is a daughter of Abner Fleming, a farmer of Zanesville. Nine children were born of their union: Alex died at the age of seventeen years; the four next younger died in early life; Edson B. graduated from the High School and from Ann Arbor University' of Michigan, has received the degrees of A. B., A. M. and LL. D., and is now a practicing attorney of Cleveland; George W. is engaged in business in Circleville; Mary is the wife of Dr. C. A. Foster, a prominent ph3'sician of Washington Court House; and William II. is Superintendent of the Edison Electric business in the Rockj- Mountain district, and makes his home in Denver, Col.

Mr. Bander returned to the East in 1843 and, with a capital of $3,000, embarked in the hotel business in Pine Wood, Madison County, N. Y. A year later, he estalilished a carriage factory, which he carried on until 1846, when he returned to Circleville with only $2,000. He again worked at his trade in Circleville, and afterward bought a lot and built a carriage factoiy at the corner of Watt and Court Streets. For a number of years he engaged in the manufacture of fine carriages and other vehicles and built up a most excellent trade, meeting with signal success. He invented two patents. In 1874, he toolf his son, George W., into partnership and ten years later sold out to him, since which time he has lived a retired life, devoting his attention to the care of his property. His carriages were sent all over the country. He employed from ten to twenty hands and did an extensive business. He built a great many I'esidences, a number of which he still owns, including two dwellings on Pinkney Street. He also was interested in real estate in Iowa. He started out in life empty-handed, but by his own industrious efforts and perseverance he had acquired a handsome competence.

In politics, Mr. Bauder was a Democrat until tlie election of Lincoln, after which time he was a stanch Republican. He served as Township Treasurer, School Director and School Treasurer. Socially, he was an Odd Fellow and for years had been Treasurer of his lodge. He belonged to the Methodist Church, of which he was Trustee. Mr. Bauder was one of the oldest settlers in the city, and was a genial, jovial man and one who was held in high regard hy his many friends throughout the community.

^SR^ICHARD M. JOHNSON. Among the varied [k^^ and numerous occupations by means of Isk % which men seek fame and fortune, there is certainly none more free from worry and vexation of spirit than agriculture. In the country, suri'ounded on every side by waving fields of grain and all the beauties of nature, man's soul is possessed in calmness and he does not wear himself out as do the busy people who reside in the cit3\ The subject of this sketch is numbered among those who enjoy the freedom and peace of farm life and makes his home in Fairfield Township, Madison County, where he is ranked among the wealthy farmers.

The parents of our subject, Thomas B. and Aletha (Reed) Johnson, were natives of INIontgomery County, Md. In 1835, they emigrated to Ohio and located in what is now Oak Run Township, this county, soon after which they removed to Range Township. After a residence tiiere of a short time, Mr. and Mrs. .lohnson returned to Oak Run Township, where the former died in 1842; the mother departed this life September 9, 18G3, in Fairfield Township.

The parental famil}- included nine children, of whom our subject was the fifth child and fourth son. He was also born in Montgomery Count}', Md., his natal day being July 4, 1824. He was a lad of eleven 3'ears at the time of his parents' removal to this county and here »rew to man's estate, remaining under the parental roof in Oak Run Township until 1857, when he took up his abode on the place where he is at present residing.

Mr. Johnson of this sketch was married in Summerford Township, this county, November 1, 1860, the lady of his choice being Miss Sarah Jane, daughter of Nathaniel and Mary (Patrick) Gritfin, natives respectively of Ohio and Virginia. The parents of Mrs. Jolinson were married in tiiis State, after which they located on the line between Champaign and Madison Counties, where the mother died, August 31, 1864. The father, who survived her many years, departed this life in Macon County, III., August 10, 1880. Mrs. Johnson, who was born in Van AVert County, this State, January 12, 1834, was the fifth in order of birtli of the parental famil}' of nine children.

Of the two children born to our subject and liis wife, one died in infancy and Imo passed away when two years old. Farming has been the life work of our subject and he is tiioroughly informed regarding the peculiar qualities of soils, the l)est methods of fertilizing, and the rotation of crops which will produce the most desirable results. Having prospered, he is surrounded with all the comforts of life, and upon his estate will be found a complete line of buildings and the various improvements which might be expected of a man of progressive ideas. He is the proprietor of about twelve hundred acres of land and is one of the most prominent farmers and stock-raisers in Madison County.

affairs and belongs to the Republican party, taking sufficient part in politics to keep well informed regarding the issues of the day. lie has been Township Trustee, in which position he gave entire salisfaction to his fellow-citizens. AVith his wife, he is a member in good standing of the Methodist Episcopal Church, giving liberally and cheerfully of his means for its support.

A. CLARK, a druggist of Mt. Sterling, has been engaged in this business for several years. He is considered one of the enterprising and progressive business men of the place and a valued citizen. He was born in Mt. Sterling, .lauuary 6, 1858, and is a son of Alex and Lydia (Adkins) Clark, both of whom were natives of A'irginia. Their marriage, however, was celebrated in this State. The father is a blacksmith and resides in Madison Mills, Faj'ette County. The fam ily numliered thirteen children, eleven of whom grew to mature years, but Mrs. J. S. Smith died at the age of thirty-seven years, leaving four children. AVilliam is an attorney of Mr. Sterling; J. M. is engaged in the grocery trade in Mt. Sterling; J. N. is a physician of Madison Mills; J. S. is a blacksmith of Buena Vista, Fayette County; Mrs. Emma Crawford makes her home in Columbus, Ohio; Mrs. John Adams is living in Orcenfield, Ohio, where her husband is engaged as a grain dealer; Mrs. W. M. Fulton is living on a farm in Range Township, Madison Count}'; Mrs. Charles Sn3'der makes her home on a farm in Highland County, and Mildred is still with her parents.

AVhen our subject was about two 3'ears old, his ))arents removed to Madison Mills, where he grew to manhood. In his boyhood, he aided his father in the blacksmith shop and attended school. Between the ages of thirteen and twenty years, he worked i\y the month upon a farm, and on attaining his majority found himself with a couple of horses, which he sold. He then began the study of medicine with his brother, in whose office he remained for two years, when he came to Mt. Sterling and was employed as a salesman for Dr. Mc- Clintock, with whom he remained for five years.

On the 1st of June, 1887, Mr. Clark was united in marriage with Miss AVillie E. Larey, of Mt, Sterling, daughter of John and Julia Larey, and a native of Pickaway County, Ohio. Their union has been blessed with one child, a daughter, Cleo Belle, born May 18, 1888.

Having passed the examination for a pharmacist's certificate about a year after his marriage, Mr. Clark bought a half interest in the drug store of Di-. McClintock. Two years later, he bought out the drug store of P. H. Mandabach, and still continued to hold the half interest in the other store. A year later, he bought out Dr. McClintock and combined the two stocks in 1890. Mr. Clark has a full and c<,)mplete stock of drugs and has a well-appointed store. He is doing a good business and well deserves his liberal patronage. In politics, he is a Democrat and cast his first Presidential vote for W. S. Hancock. Socially, he is a member of the Knights of Pythias, the Masonic fraternity and the Odd Fellows' society. Himself and wife hold membership with the Methodist Church and are prominent people of Mt. Sterling.

AVID C. THROCKMORTON, proprietor of the American Furniture Store, and one of the leading citizens of Circleville, was born in Pickaway Township, Pickawa}^ County, on the 18th of October, 1846, and is of AVelsh descent. His grandfather, Ezekiel Throckmorton was a native of AVales. After his marriage, he emigrated to America and made a location in Ross County, Ohio, where he was engaged in broom making. He afterward removed to Missouri, settling near St. Louis, where he followed the occupation of farming until his death. The father of our subject, Thomas Throckmorton, was born in Ross County, Ohio, and learned the trade of broom making with his father. He afterward carried on that business at Jefferson vi lie, and established the first broom factory at that place. While on his wa}' West in 1847, his death occuried in Waterloo, Fayette County, Ohio. Ilis wife bore the maiden name of Jale Jones, and is a daughter of John D. Jones, a native of Scotland. Her father was a school teacher, and followed that profession first in Virginia, and afterward at Pickawa}^, Ohio. In 1837, he became a teacher in Jefferson, after which he became a stock dealer, buying and shipping stock. Ilis last days were spent in AVashington C. H. where he died in 1860, at the age of sixty-eight years. He was a soldier in the Mexican War and served as a Sergeant under Gen. Taylor. The mother of our subject has, since her husband's death, become Mrs. Hickman, and resides in Circleville.

D. C. was the only child born unto Thomas Throckmorton and his wife. He was reared in his native count}' until ten years of age, when he removed with his mother to Lexington, Ky., and in 1859, went to Richmond, Ky., where he attended school. The year 1862 witnessed his return to Ohio. He was apprenticed to the shoemaker's trade under John Lisinger, and worked in that line until Februarj', 1864, when he responded to the country's call for troops. He was then only seventeen years of age, but he became one of the boys in blue of Company K, Ninetieth Ohio Infantry. He was mustered in at Camp Douglas, became a musician and was sent South, joining Sherman's Army. He participated in the battles of Resaca, Dallas, Buzzard's Roost, Snake Gap, Dalton, Kenesaw Mountain, and all the engagements in which his regiment bore a part in the Atlanta campaign. He also fought in the battles of Spring Hill, Franklin, Columbia and Nashville. His regiment tiien returned home, but Mr. Throckmorton and a few recruits were sent to Texas with Gen. 1). Stanley. Our subject served as his Orderly until discliarged at Victoria on the 3d of October, 1865, being mustered out at Columbus in November following. He was one of the youngest soldiers in the service, but was none the less true and loyal, and may well be proud of his arm}^ record.

On his return to Circleville, Mr. Throckmorton was apprenticed to J. M. Duffy, a carriage maker, with whom he remained nine years. He became foreman of the factory, and during the last three

3^ears had almost control of the entire business. In 1883, began his connection with the furniture l)usiness. He worked with B. Kath for three years, during which time he did some line cabinet-work, and for eighteen months was with Mr. Kath's successors, Maddy & Probst. In May, 1887, he be gan business for himself, establishing the American Furniture Store in the American House Block. His sale-room is 22x78 feet, and is well lilled with a good stock of furniture of excellent designs. In connection with this he also does an extensive business in the manufacture of picture frames.

In Circleville, in 1877, Mr. Throckmorton married Miss Martha Forcpier, a native of Perry County, Ohio, and a daughter of John Forquer of this place. Six children have been born of their union, five of whom are 3'et living: John, Martha, James, Thomas and Florence. Arthur, the first child, died at the age of two and a half years.

In April, 1891, Mr. Throckmorton was elected a member of the City Council on the Democratic ticket, and is still filling that ottice. He has proved himself a capable ofHcer and well merits the honor conferred ui)on him. Socially, he is a member of the Ancient Order of ITnited Workmen, and is the youngest member of Groce Post, G. A. R. He also belongs to St. Joseph's Catholic Church, and is a member of the Knights of St. John, and a stanch advocate of Democracy. He is recognized as one of the leading business men of Circleville and is now enjoying a liberal patronage, of which he is well deserving, and his courteous treatment and upright dealings have won the high regard of all with whom he has come in contact.

COTT CHENOWETH. Among the prominent and leading agriculturists of Madison Count}' who are selected for representation in this biographical work, we take pleasure in presenting the worthy subject of this sketch. Mr. Chenoweth, who is a resident of Range Township, is a native of this place, having been born here December 11, 1855. He is a son of Jeremiah

He of whom we write was given a fair education in the common schools and began to do for himself after attaining his eighteenth year. He remained under the parental roof until his marriage, December 28, 1876, to Miss Anna Rowlen,of Range Township, Madison Count}'. She was born in Monroe Township, Pickaway County, August 10, 1855, and is the daughter of Josiah and Harriet Hill Rowlen, who are residing at the present time in London, this State. Mrs. Chenoweth received an excellent education, and by her union with our subject became the mother of four children, viz: Edgar, who was born December 4, 1878; Ersel and Mabel (twins), born March 21, 1884, and Homer R., August 19, 1888.

Mrs. Chenoweth was accidentally killed by being struck by the morning train from Cincinnati, on April 1, 1890. She had just left her home and was driving along in a buggy, «hen the 9:15 train rushed along much faster than usual, sounding neither whistle nor bell. Mrs. Chenoweth was thirty-four years of age at the time of her death, and was the daughter of Josiah Rowlen, of London, to whose home her remains wei'e removed. She was a woman of remarkable character, and was dearly beloved by all with whom she came in contact, her friends being as numerous as her acquaintances. Her pleasant home, which was located six miles from Mt. Sterling, was characterized by all the comforts of rural life, and was one of the most hospitable in this localit}-. Mr. Chenoweth was tendered the sympathy of the entire community in this most sad bereavement, and the immense concourse of people which was present at the funeral testified to the high esteem in which the deceased was held.

In his political relations, our subject is a trueblue Republican, and was a candidate before the convention for the nomination of Sheriff, but was defeated b}' a small majority'. He has served his party as a delegate to various conventions and is active in all measures wdiich tend to the development and upbuilding of this community-. In the division of his father's property, lie fell heir to two hundred and fifty acres of the estate, which he has placed inider excellent cultivation, and erected thereon two substantial dwellings and a barn. He has laid five thousand rods of tile on the place, and by his industr}' and good judgment, has caused it to be ranked among the very best in the township.

DWIN N. GUNSAULUS, editor and pro- \^ prietor of the London Times, a Republican I - ^ organ, and the oldest pajier' published in Madison Count}", is a young man whose strong individuality, cultured mind and executive ability of a high order, place him among the leaders of his profession in this part of the State. He is a native of Mt. Liberty, Knox County, Ohio, his birthplace, and December 13, 1859, the date of his advent into the family of Dr. C. and Eliza Gunsauhis, who are now residents of Centrebui-gh, that count}', he being the second of their three children.

During his boyhood, his parents removed to Mt. Vernon, whence, a short time after, they went, in 1875, to Mt. Gilead, Morrow County, where his education was continued, and in 1878 he was graduated from school with the highest honors. Soon after, he began his journalistic career by entering the office of the Morroiv County Sentinel the Republican organ of that county, and besides mastering all the details of the printer's art, he did local and editorial work on the paper, thereby acquiring invaluable experience.

Thus well equipped for the profession, he purchased the Centreburgh Gazette, in 1882, and became a full-fledged editor, with promises of a successful career that have been amply fulfilled. He conducted that paper until December, 1887, when he disposed of his interests in it to become half owner of the London Times, and at the same time he resigned the office of Mayor of Centreburgh, to which he had been elected in the spring of that year as a Republican. In September, 1890, Mr. Gunsaulus purchased his partner's interest in the

Times, and is at present sole editor and proprietor of the same. Tins paper, as before mentioned, is the oldest published in Madison County, and is recognized as the mouthpiece of the local Republican part3', whose every utterance anent politics carries with it weight and influence. Before the paper came into the hands of Mr. Gunsaulus, it had passed through many vicissitudes, and had suffered of late years by reason of frequent changes of proprietors and loose management. When our subject gained control of it, with characteristic energy and resolution, he set about bringing it back to its old-time vigor, and in this he has been more than successful.

In Jul}', 1891, a complete new outfit of type was purchased as well as a gas engine and all the accessories necessary to the equipment of a firstclass, modern paper and job office. The Times was enlarged from a nine-column folio to an eight-page, seven-column paper, and now ranks as one of the leading newspapers of the State, with an appearance second to none, and with a large and constantly increasing circulation.

Our subject is very happily situated in regard to his domestic relations. He was married INIarch 28, 1889, to Miss Harriet N. Mitchell, who is also a native of Knox County, and is a daughter of Spencer and Harriet Mitchell. To Mr. and Mrs. Gunsaulus a son was born I^ebruary 28, 1890, whom they have named Paul Mitchell.

\OTH BROS., the individual members of the firm being George E. and AVilliam Roth, are live, energetic business men, and have been engaged in the tannery business since September, 1872. The}' are wealthy citizens of Circleville and are truly self-made men, for they had ver}' little to start with. They have all the thrift and energy of their German ancestors and are possessed of all those qualities that make useful and influential citizens.

The father, George Roth, was born in Prussia, Germany, near Mecklenburg, and, like the majority of his native countrymen, learned a trade. He became a tanner and operated a tannery at Wismar, that country, for many years. He was in the Home Guards while in his native country. In 185.5, he took passage for America with his son and after residing at Harmony, Ohio, for a short time, in 18.56 removed to .Jeffersonville, Fayette Count}^ and there remained for a number of years. In 1872, he came to Circleville, Ohio, and bought a tannery owned by a Mr. Jackson. This he remodeled and improved in every way, and carried on until his death, in 1876. Afterward, the two sons, George E. and William, took charge of the business. Aside from the tannery, the father owned four hundred acres of improved land near Jeffersonville, and was a wide-awake, industrious citizen. He was a Republican in politics, and in religion was of the Baptist persuasion. To his marriage were born seven children, as follovvs: George E.; Fredrick, who resides in New Mexico, and is a big ranchman; Albert, is a farmer of Madison County, Ohio; .Joannah, is Mrs. Ilenr}' Clausing, and resides in Fayette County, Ohio; William; Adolph died at the age of nineteen; and Lewis who died when fifteen years of age.

George E. Roth, the eldest of this famil}', was born in Wismar, Germany, on the 15th of September, 1839, and remained there until fourteen years of age. His greatest desire at that time was to become a sailor, and he became a cabin-boy on a merchantman, with which he remained three jears. He was on the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea during this time, and weathered many severe storms and gales. AVhen he returned home, he was a bo_y of seventeen, and he came with his parents and brothers and sister to America. The}' were twenty -six days on the ocean, and after reaching American soil they came immediately to Jeffersonville, Fayette County, Ohio, where the father followed his trade as mentioned before. After the death of the father, George E. and AVilliam bought the tanner}' in Circleville fi'om the other heirs and immediately commenced making improvements. This is the largest enterprise of the kind in the county and reflects much credit upon its owners. They built a brick addition, and the building is now one hundred and twenty feet square and is two stories in height. It is on one and three- quarter acres, situated at the foot of Main Street, on the canal, and they work one hundred and fifty liides per week. This enterprise is operated with steam power, there are one hundred vats, and one thousand cords of oak bark are used yearl3\ Eighteen hands are eniplo3ed and every thina; is superintended by these thorough-going business men themselves. George K. Kotli owns live hundred and two acres in Fayette County, Ohio, near Holland, and is engaged quite extensively in stockraising.

These brothers own two stores in the old Welding Block on Main Street, and George E. owns a fine residence on the corner of Sciota and Watt Streets. This was built b}' himself and is two stories in height, made of the finest pressed brick, and is valued at $10,000. He and his brother built another house in 1882, but he sold his interest to his brother in 1891. Mr. Roth is a stockholder in the First National Bank, and is one of the substantial men of the county. He was married in Jefferson ville, Fayette County, to Miss Lizzie Millenpaulen, a native of Prussia, who came to this country with an uncle when sixteen years of age. Two children have been born to this union: Adolphus F., now book-keeper at the Straw Board Works, which position he has held for the past seven years, since the age of sixteen years, and George E., who is attending the Iligii School of Circleville. IMr. Roth is a member of the Baptist Church, and was Trustee of the same for some time. In politics, he is an advocate of Republican principles.

William Roth was born in Wismar, German}^ on the 18th of July, 1849, and was but six years of age when he came to America with his parents. He was early trained to the tanner's trade, but in connection is also engaged in farming, and has been very successful in both occupations. He received a very limited education, and was hired out when but a lad for the modest sum of $5 per month. Later, lie received $10 per month, and subsequently assisted his father in the tanneiy and on the farm, being on the farm principality. In 1872, he came to Circleville, where he worked in the tannery, and in 1876 he and his brother George K. purchased it. In 1882, he and his brother built the American House, one of the po})- ular hotels in the city. William Roth subsequently bought his brother's interest and is sole proi)rietor of the building and grounds, and is also the owner of two hundred and two acres in Fayette County, Ohio. He also owns two business buildings, with his brother, in the cit^^ three stories and basement in height, and he also owns one-half interest in a large three-story building on Main Street, and has a fine residence on Sciota Street, which cost -16,000. He selected his wife in the person of Miss Carrie Mills, a native of Muskingum Count}^, Ohio, who was educated in Zanesville, Ohio. The}' have two daughters, Anna and Lulu, both taking music lessons, the former on the piano and the latter on the violin, and both showing considerable talent. Like his brother, our subject is a stanch Republican in his political views.

TERLING W. PRICE. This well-known ^^£^ merchant of Range Township, Madison ^ County, is ever^'where respected for his sterling worth and excellent business qualifications. His store is well stocked with a full line of general merchandise and attracts attention because of the nicety in which it is kept. Our subject was born in K\ Paso, 111., June 14, 1862, and is a son of William and Hannah (Duff) Price.

The parents of our subject came to Range Township, Madison County, when Sterling AV. was three years of age. The father, Avho is still living, is a retired farmer, and our subject was also reared to agricultural pursuits and received a good education in the common schools. He was an apt pupil, made the best of his c>pportunities, and when nineteen years of age was enabled to teach school, which occupation he followed for four years. During vacations he clerked for Hewitt Bros., at Sedalia, and March 1, 1887, opened up his present business, being enabled to put in only a small stock of goods. He is a man with a clear, sound judgment, and as the years passed by enlarged his store, until now he does a thriving and prosperous business.

Mr. Price has never married and is the fifth in a family of seven children born to his parents, all of whom are living. Politically, he is a Democrat, casting his first Presidential vote in 1884 for Cleveland. He joined the ranks of the Masons in 1891, and is classed among the public-spirited, progressive and enterprising citizens of Range Townsliip, and enjoys to the fullest tlie confidence of the best in the community.

\f7 EMUEL B0GC4S. No name is more worthy I (^ of honor and distinction in the annals of il' - ^v> Pickaway County than that of Boggs, which is inseparably linked with its rise and growth from the very first days of its settlement to the present time. It is one of the members of this family whose portrait and life sketch are here presented, Lemuel Boggs being one of the fourth generation of its representatives that have had their homes in this beautiful and highly favored region. He is a native of the county, born in Pickaway Township January 16, 1845; is a leader in its business and financial circles, is one of its most successful farmers, and is a conspicuous figure in its public and political life.

Our subject is descended from an old Virginia family. His grandfather, Maj. John Boggs, was a son of John and Jane (Irwin) Boggs, who lived on a small stream in Virginia that empties into the Ohio, and is called Boggs' Run. During the time of the Indian troubles, the family took refuge in the fort at Wheeling. Prior to that, the Indians had surprised and captured the eldest son, William, within sight of the other members of the terrorstricken family, whom the red-skins intended to capture too, or to massacre; but upon questioning the boy, whom they had conveyed to a place of security, he told them that there were seven or eight men at the house, and so saved his friends, as the Indians considered that too great a number for them to attack. They believed the lad 's story, as they had seen several men about the farm engaged in harvesting, and supposed that they slept at the

The capture of the Major's brother occurred in 1781 or 1782, when the Major was but six years old. The brave boy was taken to West Liberty, near the present site of Urbana, Ohio, where he was detained about nineteen months, and then exchanged and sent home. His father did not recognize him in his Indian habiliments, even after an extended conversation with him. Another son of John and Jane Boggs was killed on Ohio soil, opposite Wheeling, by the Indians. He was returning from a hunting expedition, with half a dozen comrades, and they were encamped for the night, when the savages stole upon them and fired into their midst as they slept. Young Boggs was wounded, but, sitting crippled on the ground, made a desperate fight before he was finally disi)atciied with a tomahawk, his companions escaping in the meantime.

Maj. John Boggs was born May 10, 1775, and came to Pickaway County in 17"J8. His party floated down the Ohio River on a keel-boat to the mouth of the Scioto, and from there went by barge up the latter stream to the station below Cliillicothe. At that place, they left their boat, and proceeded towards the source of the stream on foot, to a point within the present limits of Greene Township, Ross Count}^, from which they could look far up the valley upon a scene of the richest and most peaceful loveliness. Little did they dream of the teeming life that that lovely and fertile valley would one day hold, or of the signs of industry, wealth, culture and happiness it was destined to display.

The Boggs family found that some pioneer hud been before them in selecting land in that region, and as in the ethics of the early settlers it was considered highly dishonorable to locate where another had made a beginning, however small, they continued their course up the stream to the Pickaway Plains, where John Boggs, 8r., selected a site, and subsequently entered six hundred and fortv acres of land. His son, the Major, went up the Congo to the place where stands the Logan Elm, beneath whose boughs Logan, Chief of the Mingos, made his famous speech, when Lord Dun more.

Royal Governor of Virginia, in 1774, concluded the treaty of peace with the Indians, whereby the Northwest Territory was thrown open for settlement.

After selecting a suitable location for his future home, and preparing a rude dwelling, Maj. Boggs returned to Boggs' Run, Ohio County, Va., and was there married in the year 1800 to Sarah Mc- Meckeu. He brought her back with him to the spot he had chosen for their habitation, and here they dwelt in peace and plenty for many years, and reared a large family of children, nine in number, namely: William, Jane, Lemuel, John. Nancy, L^'dia, Moses, James, and Sydney, all of whom are deceased. The Major was a man of very industrious habits, who did with a will whatever he undertook, and toiled early and late in the work of clearing a farm, working patiently against many disadvantages to make improvements, but with ultimate success. In time, he became one of the wealthiest men of the county, accumulating a valuable property, including eighteen hundred acres of land in Pickaway Township, and two thousand acres in Indiana, beside his personal effects. The humble log cabin in which he and his wife first began their wedded life he replaced by a more commodious residence, built probably in 1816, and still standing in a good state of preservation. Soon after settling here, he erected a flouring-mill near the mouth of Scipio Creek, which was the first gristmill in the Scioto Valley north of Chillicothe, and was known for many years as Boggs' Mill.

In 1810, Maj. Boggs commenced boating, and took the first load of flour to New Orleans that was ever sent out of the Scioto Valley. lie made three trips to the Crescent City, and returned on foot or on horseback, having to pass through the country of the Indians, and to keep a sharp lookout for robbers in all parts of the journe3^ He met with no mishap or bodily harm, and with but one loss of money. That was when a tavernkeeper, with whom he and his friend, Daniel Crouse, stopped, picked the lock of his saddlebags and took from them $300 in silver, with which he paid a debt to Crouse. The Major did not discover his loss until he arrived at home; but, though the tavern-keeper, to whom he applied for