Zanesville, Ohio - The Annexation Of Putnam To (part 4 of 8)

Kesher Shel Barsel

This is a benevolent association, organized for the purpose. of relieving its members when in distress, burying their dead, and providing for widows and orphans within their Lodge association. They have adopted, as a motto, **Truth, Love. and Justice."' A special feature in the fraternity, is an assurance department, by which one thousand dollars is secured to the family of a member. at his death. At such time, an assessment of fifty cents per capita is made - to an amount not exceeding thirty deaths ina year. If more than thirty deaths occur in a Lodge, ina given year, the necessary amount to complete the assurance is drawn from the Sinking Fund of District No. 4, to which this Lodge is subordinate. February 16, 1880, Districts 4 and 5 were consolidated. and are now known as District No. 4. Prior to this time, District No. 5 embraced the States of Tennessee, Indiana, Michigan, Kentuck\, Missouri, and Ohio. |

Kinc. Sotomon's LopceE, No. 133, was instituted in Zanesville, August 16, 1874, by N. Straus, J. Ettinger, L. Raden, and J. Trost; they were Grand Officers of District No. 5; this

Knights Of Honor

The objects of the Order are to unite fraternally all acceptable white men, of every profession and occupation; to give all possible moral and material aid in its power to its members, and those depending on its members, by holding moral, instructive, and scientific lectures ; by encouraging each other in business, and assisting each other to obtain employment; to promote benevolence and charity, by establishing a Widows' and Orphans' Benefit Fund, from which, on satisfactory evidence of the death of a member of this corporation, who has complied with all itslawful requirements, a sum not exceeding two thousand dollars,-shall be paid to his family, as he may direct; to provide for creating a fund for the relief of sick and distressed members: to ameliorate the condition of humanity in every possible manner. Under these provisions and stipulations this Lodge was organized. ane . STAR Lopce, No. 30. - This Lodge was instituted in Zanesville, September 15, 1874, by D. Wilson, Past Supreme Dictator, of Boston, Mass. The charter members were: Thomas E. Sturgeon, William A. Filmore, Henry C. Lillibridge, T. E. Richards, William H. Holden, M. DesettehesStuliseeViAjopeW ons .mblarlane BacG:

The financial status of the Lodge is excellent ; it has contributed to the Beneficial Fund, and paid to the Supreme Treasurer, twelve thousand dollars. Three deaths have occurred, and the persons entitled to receive the sum guaranteed, two thousand dollars (each death), have been

Royal Arcanum

The Royal Arcanum is a Benevolent Society. The objects are to unite fraternally all men of sound bodily health, and good moral character, who are socially acceptable, and between twenty one and sixty years of age. To give all moral and material aid in its power to its members, and those dependent upon them. To educate its members socially, morally and intellectually ; also, to assist the widows and orphans of deceased members; to establish a widows' and orphans' benefit fund, from which, on satisfactory evidence of the death of a member of the Order, who has complied with all its lawful requirements, a sum not exceeding three thousand dollars, shall be paid his family, or those dependent upon him, as he may direct.

Hore Councit, No. 82. - It was instituted in Zanesville, April 16th, 1878. The following persons appeared as charter members: S. C. Abbot, C. E. Albright, A. J. Andrews, Fenton Bagley, Orrin Ballou, R. J. Brown, Rufus C. Burton, Thomas Coulton, Lewis D. Dare, Rev. H. A. Delano, Thomas W. Dutro, Charles O. Harris, George C. Harris, W. H. Holden, James T. Irvine, Charles H. Jones, William Kirk, H. C. Lillibridge, Alexander Munson, R. S. Mershon, Rev. C. F. Morgan, W. F. McCoy, George W. McCormick, George F. Russell, L. D. Sandel, H. M. Sedgwick, William M. Shinnick, Jr., J. Hope Sutor, Frank J. Terry, C. G. Thompson, J. D. Warner and J. S. Wheeler. The first officers were:

Medical Examination. - Law X of the Royal Arcanum provides for a medical examination, and that ''no examination shall be had, unless made by a physician who is a member of the Order, and a graduate from a legal medical college."

Article VI of the Constitution, for the government of Councils and concerning the qualifications for membership, in Section 1, reads as follows :

''No persons shall be admitted to membership in this Council except they are between the ages of twenty-one and sixty years. Each applicant must be a man of sound health, with two hands, of good moral character, a believer in a Supreme Being, and competent to earn a livelihood for himself and family.'' The officers elected for 1881 are as follows:

Patriotic Order Sons Of America

This is not a political organization. Article XXV of the Constitution adopted by the National Camp of Patriotic Order Sons of America, of the United States, réads as follows: ''Section 1. A State Camp, or any Subordinate Camp, under its jurisdiction, using the name of this Order for partisan political purposes, shall, upon conviction of the same, forfeit its charter, or charters, as such.' And Article XII, Section 1, reads as follows: '' No person shall be entitled'to membership in this Order, except he be of good moral character, eighteen years of age, a believer in the existence of a Supreme Being, as the Creator and Preserver of the Universe, born on the soil, or within the jurisdiction of the United States; in favor of free education, opposed to any union of Church and State, and to the interference of any foreign power, directly, or" indirectly, in the affairs of this Government." other in the practice of the rights and duties of citizens, exercising the common riglits of sovereignty. and pledge themselves to observe, and support, the laws of the land.

'«The several State Camps shall have the power to permit, or provide, a system of Benefits for the Subordinate Camps under their jurisdiction, provided the same shall not conflict with the Constitution and General Laws, or interfere with the objects and prosperity of the Order."' Each Camp shall, at the date of institution, elect three Trustees, to serve respectively, six, twelve and eighteen months. Thereafter, at such semiannual election, one Trustee shall be elected to serve eighteen months; the constitution defines their duties.

Camp No. 43, P. O. S. or A. - This Camp was instituted in Zanesville, June 6th, 1879, by E. S. Layman, of Cincinnati, State Secretary of the Order, with the following charter members: Frank Harris, A. Petit, Fred Willey, Charles Barton, Ed. Parshall, George Moore, John

Millis, Charles Ford, Wash. Sockman, W. R. Hazlett, M. D. Frazier, Webb McCann, John Bailey, Charles Huff, Jud. Alvis, Jack Wiswell, Hosea Haines, and Albert George. The first officers were as follows:

WAsHINGTON Camp, No. 47, ParrioTic ORDER Sons oF AmMERICA. - This Camp was instituted February 9th, 1881, with fifty-six charter members, composed of young and energetic business and laboring men. The following officers were elected :

This Lodge was instituted under very favorable circumstances, and its members feel sanguine of a promising future, in the acquisition of members and the dissemination of the principles of the fraternity.

Chapter Xiv The Press

The press of Zanesville and Muskingum countv, maintains the freedom of discussion, so peculiarly American. In its editorial ranks have ever been found men of talent and energy, and, with all the divergence of political opinion, they are

- among the most fraternal to be found in any community. The following recitals of the history of the papers that have flourished, and now exhibit ''the power of the pen," are examples of the modesty, as. well as tenacity, of opinion of the editors, touching their record, and appear in alphabetical order, the living papers being designated by ''small caps," as: THE WEEKLy Ap-- VOCATE, THE ZANESVILLE CourIER, The Daily Democrat, The Daily Era, THz ZANESVILLE Post, THE ZANESVILLE SIGNAL, The City Times, THe Dairy Morninc Times, THE DRESDEN CuronicLe, New Concorp ENTERPRISE, and to this record is added what the press and the people said, in universal sorrow, when President Gartield died.

THE WEEKLY ApvocaTE. - This paper was first issued, May, 20th, 1870, and then called '*The Farmers' and Mechanics' Advocate," which title was abandoned in 1879, on account of its length. It is a nine-column sheet, and, at that time, was the largest in Southeastern Ohio. Politically, it was independent ; the object of the founder, Mr. John T. Shryock, who is now editor and publisher, was to make it a political informer of the people, on all important issues. The editor has aimed to produce an instructive paper, that would be welcomed to every fireside. In 1872, he decided to espouse the principles governing the Liberal Republican party, and he has done what he could to promote the currency reform movement, and to advocate Government protection to Home industries, in opposition to free trade.

The ApvocaTeE does not pretend to be a brilliant, gossippy newspaper, preferring, rather, to invite its readers to the consideration of such matters as more directly tend to advance the interests ot the social fabric.

In all governments of '' the people, by the people, for the people" there must be two parties. Ever since the organization of the Government of the United States. there has been two parties. Washington was a candidate without a party, but his supporters became known as Federalists. Alexander Hamilton was the head and front of this party. Thomas Jefferson had views of government very different from Alexander Hamilton, and he soon became the leader of the opposition - the Republicans. This Republican party, in after years, became the Democratic party. Each party, in all the counties of each State of this wide realm, had, and still has, its organ. The Federal party was weak, especially in the west. In 1808, its candidate only received the electoral vote of four Statés, out of seventeen, constituting the Union.

In 1810, when Zanesville was a small village, and the greater part of Muskingum county an unbroken forest, '' The Express" made its appearance among the people of Muskingum. It was a little sheet, published by J. H. Putnam & Co. The Republicans then were supreme in this western country, and the Whigs had not yet commenced talking about internal improvements. Jefferson was still living, and was a power in the land. And yet, the '' Express'' came-out as the exponent of the principles of the Federal party. The field was uninviting, and became more so during, and immediately after, the war of 1812. The ''Express'' was the beginning of the Republican organ of Muskingum county. That changes in proprietors should take place, amid such trials as war brings, need only be hinted. Accordingly, in 1812, the '' Express and Adver-

'tiser"'. appeared, published by O'Hara &: Bennett, and continued to exist until 1822, or 1823, when the first number of the '' Ohio Republic "' appeared, with that old pioneer politician, Colonel David Chambers, as editor, and Adam Peters as publisher. It opposed the election of Andrew Jackson, to the Presidency. It advocated the doctrines of the great Whig leader of that day, Henry Clay.

On the 22d of July, 1824, David Chambers retired from the editorship, and Adam Peters became editor and publisher. William C. Pelham purchased an interest in the paper, January 5th, 1825, and the paper was conducted under the firm name of Peters & Pelham, until August 3d, 1833, at which time Pelham retired, and Adam Peters again became sole editor and publisher, and continued to furnish the Whigs of Muskingum suitable diet, until. 1842, when the establishment was sold to Lambert Hara and John A. Beaty, the latter formerly of the '' Guernsey Times." In 1843, Beaty retired, and H. P. Bristow became part owner, and, with Hara, continued to edit and publish the paper, until November 11, 1845, when David H. Lyman purchased the establishment. On that day, the '' Ohio Republican"' ceased to exist, and the '' Zanesville Courier' made its appearance. The '' Courier," under the control of David H. Lyman, became one of the leading journals of the State. Mr. Lyman was a brilliant journalist, even a little ahead of the times.

Tue Tri-WEEKLY CourRIER. - On the 3Ist of March, 1846, the first number was published, and June 21st, of the same year, it was suspended, and the '' Zanesville Daily Courier'? was born. All of these papers were ably edited by Mr. Lyman, but the time for the '' Daily Courier"? had not yet arrived. Sufficient support could not be found, and it was suspended, November Ist, 1847, and the publication of the '' Tri-Weekly Courier"? resumed. After a brief career, on the 19th of October, 1849, David H. Lyman sold the establishment to Edward Ball and Imri Richards. Mr. Lyman was one of the most brilliant writers who ever sat upon the tripod in the '' Courier" office, but was not a successful financier. De- cember 16th, 1850, the '' Zanesville Daily Courier' again made its appearance, and has been making its daily round among the people ever since.

Edward Ball was a good politician, one of the best who ever stepped into the arena, in Muskingum county, but was not a success as an editor. The drudgery of the sanctum was not suited to his tastes, and Mr. Richards, though a thoroughly honest man, a good and true friend, was a great failure as a financier. The '' Courier," while under Ball & Richards, was a failure, and passed into the hands of J. Carrel, H. J. Mercer, W.H. Ball,and William Buell, as editors and proprietors. Their career, however, was short. W. H. Ball discovered that nature never intended him for an editor, and severed his connection with the '* Courier." In 1852, George Weaver and N. S. Kauffman became editors and publishers, under the firm name of Weaver & Kauffman, and continued the business until March 4, 1858, when U. P. Bennett, becoming owner, editor, and publisher of the ''Zanesville Gazette," a paper started about.1830, by Uriah Parke, bought the interest of Mr. Weaver, and the two papers were consolidated. The weekly was issued under the name of the WEEKLY COURIER AND Ga- ZETTE, and the daily under the name of the ZANESVILLE DaiLy CouriER. In Augyst, 1859, Mr. C. H. Upton and John T. Shryock became editors and publishers. On the 21st of June, 1861, Mr. John T. Shryock became sole editor, publisher and proprietor of the Courrier establishment. Up to this time, the Courrer had never been a financial success. Many a dollar had been lost by the different proprietors. There were no dividends - never had been. When the war of the rebellion got fairly under way, there was a mint of money in a newspaper office, if properly conducted, and Mr. Shryock made money.

On the 15th of November, 1865, M. D. Leggett and J. C. Douglass purchased the CourIER establishment, of J. T. Shryock, and published the CourzeR until July ist, 1866, when T. J. Newman purchased a one-third interest in the establishment. The weekly journal was published, under the name of the CoURIER AND Ga- ZETTE, until Dececember 18th, 1868, when the ''Gazette'"" was dropped, and ever since, the weekly paper has been styled the WEEKLY Cour- IER. In May, 1863, Mr. Leggett sold his interest to J, H. Dodd, and, January ist, 1872, Newman and Dodd purchased the interest of J. C. Douglass, and the business was conducted under the frm name of Newman & Dodd, until 1876, when R. B. Brown purchased a part of the interest of J. H. Dodd, and became a member of the firm. The Courigr is now one of the leading papers of Ohio. It finds its way to all sections of the Union. It advocates the principles of the Republican party, believing that those are the best for the patriotic, freemen of this great Union.

appeared August 18th, 1879. The editors and publishers, were W. V. Cox, W. L. Maginnis, and W.C. Crawley. October 31st, of the same year, it was deemed expedient to 'pull down the blinds" and close the office.

Tue Dairy Era was an advocate of Democracy, first issued March 24th, 1880, by W. L. Maginnis, W. C. Crawley, and George C. Thompson. July 28th, this firm was dissolved, Thompson and Craievlety retiring, and the paper passed into the hands of O. K. White, J. F. Tracy, and T. J. Maginnis, Jr. October 26th, ensuing, W. L. Maginnis and T. J. Maginnis, Jr., withdrew ; the paper passed into the hands of a receiver, and was published by O. K. White and J. F. Tracy, until November 29th, 1880, when the office was closed.

ZANESVILLE Post. - The Zanesville Post is the only German newspaper published in this part of the State. The first number was issued March 28th, 1872, by Adolph Schneider, the present publisher and proprietor. The office, for the first five years, was in Werner's block, near the Court House; it is now located at Nos. 41 and 43 South Sixth street. It is a seven-column sheet, twenty-four by thirty-six inches; the first number was issued to six hundred subscribers ; its patrons now number eight hundred.

The Post is non-partisan in politics, but keeps its readers alive-to their interests, and well informed in political affairs. Its editor has the satisfaction of knowing that the patrons approve his plan, never having had occasion to change or modify his course - a sufficient guarantee of the ability of the editor to conduct a first-class family newspaper.

Tuer ZANESVILLE SIGNAL. - This is one of the most pronounced Democratic journals in the State ; edited and published by James T. Irvine, the compiler of the following ably written article, which will be found remarkable for fidelity to the record of the times:

The history of the Democratic press of Muskingum county begins with the ''Muskingum Messenger,' which was also the first newspaper in Zanesville. The ''Muskingum Messenger"' began its career in February of the year 1810, and continued during some twenty-five or thirty years to be one of the most prominent journals then published in Ohio.

The Democratic party, at that time, was called ''Republican," or '*Democratic Republican'' - these political terms being used synonymously, to designate the party founded by Thomas Jefferson, in opposition to the ''Federal'"' party, founded by Alexander Hamilton. The ''Muskingum Messenger," therefore, represent-. ed and advocated the ''Democratic Republican"' principles and policies of Government, as defined, inculcated, and established, by Jefferson and his school, until its course was changed toward the end of its race.

bers (afterwards well known as Colonel Chambers, and also as a member of Congress), purchased the interest of Mr. White, and became the sole proprietor, in or about the year 1812. During the ''war of 1812," the '*Messenger"' occupied a prominent position as an able and etficient supporter of the war and the administration of President Madison. It ''carried the war'

About the year 1815, Mr. Josiah Heard became editor and proprietor of the ''Messenger,"' and continued as such until the close of the year. 1818. In February, 1819, Mr. Ezekiel T. Cox purchased and took possession, and was the publisher of the paper until February, 1822, when he transferred it to his brother, Horatio J. Cox. The Jatter continued to edit and publish the ''Messenger"' until February, 1824, when he transferred it to his two brothers, Ezekiel T., and Samuel J. Cox. The latter, in 1825, became sole owner and editor. In May, 1828, owing to his conscientious refusal to support General Jackson as the Democratic-Republican candidate for President, he disposed of the ''Messenger"' to Mr. Thomas Anderson.

During the period of the ''Messenger's'' greatest prosperity, there was no newspaper published in the adjoining counties of Coshocton, Guernsey, Morgan and Perry; and all of the official publications of those counties were made through the ''Messenger,'"' as being the most available medium of communication with the people of those counties, as well as Muskingum.

tration, until the year 1832, of Calhoun and the ''nuilifiers, with the main wing of the Democracy. The **Messenger"' continued thus until the year 1837, when it passed into the hands of Joseph Moorehead and Michael P. Brister. This closed its career as a Democratic journal, and soon afterward its existence was terminated.

In the year 1833, the *'Democratic Union" was started, by Messrs. Charles B. Flood and Frederick W. DeKrufft, to take the place of the **Messenger"' as the Democratic organ.

Their successor in the ''Union" was William Crosby, who changed the name of the journal to the 'Aurora.' ..Mr. Crosby's direct successor, (we believe,) was Colonel David Robb, from

1844, when he disposed of itto Mr. John Brandt. From him it soon passed, and within afew years it was transferred consecutively into the hands of the following named persons: Camp, Chauncey Bassett, Henry Beard, Roberts & Adams and Henry Beard. Mr. Henry Beard was, however, the editor of the ''Aurora' from the year 1845 until peas 18th, 1852, when he conveyed it to Mr. R P. Muse. November

15th, 1853, Mr. Albert O. Wagstaff became a partner, with one-third Hid oe in the concern, and remained one year. January 2d, 1854, Messrs. Muse and Cee started the "Daily Commercial Aurora,' the publication of which was continuous for from two to three years. July 1st, 1855, Mr. Lewis Baker took one-third interest in the whole establishment, and held it until July 1st, 1857, when he retired. In the meantime, Mr. Muse, July 16th, 1856, disposed of his interest to Dr. James W. Gally, thena practicing dentist in Zanesville. When Mr. Baker retired, July 1st, 1857, Dr. Gally became sole proprietor, and continued as publisher and editor of the ''Aurora'" until April 13th, 1860, when he sold it to Thomas W. Peacock. From November 23d, 1860, Mr. Joseph McGonagle was associated with Mr. Peacock, until November 13th, 1862, when his interest was taken by the ''Ohio Farmer's League," Esquire Jacobs, editor, and the '"Farmer's League" was thus merged i in the *'Aurora

The division of the Democracy i in the Presidental contest of 1860, led, in this county, to the starting of the Citizen' s Press," in- September, of that year, by Messrs. Samuel Chapman and Anthony Deffenbaugh, in support of John C. Breckinridge for President. Messrs. Chapman and Deffenbaugh continued to issue the '*Citizen's Press'' until July gth, 1863, when it was merged with the ''Aurora."" The paper then 'appeared with the names of T. W. Peacock and as editors, until January st, 1864, when Mr. Peacock transferred his interest to Mr. Ewing, who retired a month afterward, February 4th, 1864, and thereupon the disappeared, its new purchaser having decided to change the title of the paper.

) with Daniel B. Linn, Elias Ellis, William Pringle and Gemmil Arthur, as Trustees. In August, 1865. this company, with a well equipped office, containing a full supply of new type, a new Hoe power press, a steam engine, job printing materials, etc., began the publication of the **Zanesville Daily and Weekly Signal," in the regular style of city Mr. D. B. Linn, a lawyer, who had had several years experience in editing a newspaper, became the editor of the "Signal." In 1865, Mr. Linn was elected to the Ohio Senate, and re-elected in 1867. In the spring

'Signal' and all its appurtenances, were entered into, and concluded with James 1. Irvine. who took possession June 1oth, 1867. The 'Daily Signal" was continued by him until January Ist, 1870, when it was suspended, with the intention to resume its publication as soon as favorable circumstances would permit.

Tue Crry Times was a folio weekly paper, of seven columns, with a picture of the Triple Bridge sandwiched withthe name. The style of type was burgeois, and the pages very neat. It was started by J. Glessner and J. B. Roberts, September 4, 1852. Mr. Roberts was appointed Postmaster, April 29, 1853, and retired from the paper, selling his interest to Mr. Glessner, who continued its publication for twelve years, never failing to issue the paper onthe regular day of publication, each week. The office was then sold to George H. Logan, who soon after associated with J. H. Dodd, and continued to publish the paper for some months, then sold the office to Messrs. Cooper, Evans and Ehrman, who were succeeded by Governor John Greiner. R. C. Brown succeeded Greiner, and, after running the paper two years, soldit to W. W. Pyle, who published it for five years,.during the last of which it was issued as a Sunday paper. Mr. Pyle sold the office to E. B. Hayes, who continued it as-a Sunday paper until the fall of 1875.

Bikes Mr. Glessner's editorship, the paper was independent in politics, and eminently a family newspaper; the subsequent career of the paper was varied, as the frequent changes in editors would indicate.

Tue Daity Morninc Times was started June 12, 1877, by W. W. Pyle, E. R. Sullivan, D. P. Mercer, Alonzo Shoemaker, Edward Mercer and Harry M. Parsons, practical printers, under the tirm name of '''The Tims Publishing Company."'

The Times was a neat six-column sheet, and soon after enlarged to seven columns. In _ politics, it was independent, until the Gubernatorial campaign of 1879, when it espoused the Republican party doctrines, and with such vigor as to attract the attention of the leaders of that party, of which it was recognized as a powerful ally and rendered signal service in 'bringing about the Republican party triumph ; the: Democratic party having been the victors ig-political contests, prior to that time, in Muskingum:county.

May 12, 1879, Alonzo:Shoemaker transferred one-fifth interest to Sullivan and Parsons. November 20, 1880, D. P. Mercer and Edward Mercer each transferred one-fifth interest to the same parties ; and the establishment was owned by W. W. Pyle, E. R. Sullivan and H. M. Parsons, the two latter owning their interest jointly, under the firm name, of Sullivan and Parsons. 20, 1881, the partnership between W. W. Pyle, and Sullivan and Parsons, operating under the name of the '*TrmEs Company," was dissolved, Mr. Pyle retiring; the business is . conducted by the remaining partners, Sullivan and Parsons.

The TimEs is the only morning paper published in Zanesville. Its dispatches are furnished by the National Press Association, and, as a wide-a-wake newspaper, it is a welcome exchange throughout the State, and elsewhere. It reaches daily every postoffice in the county, where there isa daily mail.

Tue WEEKLY Times, a handsome eight page sheet, was started August 16, 1877, and, like the daily, at once became a favorite, rapidly extending its circulation into the adjoining counties of Licking, Morgan, Perry and Guernsey.

The foregoing recital might be greatly extended, by elaborating the system of securing the news, and pointing out the advantages of classification, which renders the TiMEs of such peculiar value to the reader, but this would necessitate a detail that would be of more interest tothe journalist than the reader, andhence, we refrain, and invite the public to profit by the results in reading the TIMEs.

The office and, business facilities have lately been greatly enlarged, and are still in the Maginnis Block, near the Postofice, No. .25, North Fifth street.

THe DrespEN Curonicie, A. Deftenbaugh, publisher, was issued July 30, 1838, and continued to 1842, when the name was changed to the JOURNAL ; under this name it was published for

"The Visitor,'" put in appearance in 1848, and retired, having issued but one number; John W. "Wallace, the publisher, thinking one visit would do.

The ''Advocate;" under the management of Rev. Wallace and Mr. Agnew, entered the newspaper arena in 1850,and flourished about two years, when Mr. Wallace died, and Mr. Agnew associated with Mr. Sygford and issued the 'Intelligencer.' This paper was continued until 1855, when it passed into the hands of Bently Gill, who sold it to M. B. Lovett. in 1557.

The ''Dresden Monitor' appeared in 1563, published by Thomas B. Peacock & Son, who continued their sanctum a little more than a year * and sold out to J. A. Jackson, who, in turn, sold to L. M. Murphy, and he, atter a year's effort, transferred the office to W. H. Conkling, who, in a short time, sold out to J. T. Shryock. under whom the paper revived and continued about two years, when he sold out to John W. Martin. How long Mr. Martin owned the office does not.appear, but the '*Herald" was doubtless a child of that office, with Hunt and Springstead as guardians, and when the scion was half a year old, it was committed to the care of Mr. Springstead, who abandoned the waif to take care Of itself, and it disappeared.

continued the paper as a_ bi-weekly about nine months, and then changed it to a fivecolumn weekly, and continued its publication until about.the middle of November, 1879, when it was enlarged to a six-column folio, and has been continued by the same publisher ever since.

New Concorp ENTERPRISE - Princtpia, non Homines. - The first number of this paper was issued July 22, 1880, edited and published by Mc- Kee & Hutchison. In their salutatory, it is announced to be a journal devoted to home interests, temperance ; open to free and full discussion of all questions pertaining to the best interests of society; regarding every man's politics, just as every man's religion, as his own, they do not propose to attack or antagonize any class of citizens |

Universal Sorrow

The President is dead! No sadder news ever fell upon the American people. Throughout that memorable day there was a painful expectancy depicted in every countenance, and direful forebodings, uttered in subdued tones, as the wires told of the condition of the beloved President ; and shortly after the final struggle was over, and ere those who had so constantly watched the bulletin-boards could carry the sad news to their anxious friends at home, the bell in the tower of the.

court house rang outin solemn tones the death of him the people loved so well. '' The President died, at 10:35, at Long gage New Jersey." It was not necessary to add, "P.M but too well, and painfully, the time of that eventful 19th day of September. What a mournful night was that, and how still the air - and yielding to the tongues of the church bells, as they chimed in with the court-house bell.

"Thus the people their painful vigils kept, and the remainder of the night was spent in draping homes and public places with the emblems of the woe unutterable.

**Safe in the Arms of Jesus - After Seventyeight Days of Suffering, the President Passes Serenely Away, like one who draws the drapery of his couch about him and lies down to pleasant dreams - A Nation mourns a great and good man's death, who departed this life as the hands on the dial pointed to 10:35 - The midnight air saddened by the mournful tolling of thousands of bells, and strong men weep bitter tears at the fall of a triend of humanity - ' But earth has no sorrow that Heaven cannot cure' - Angels will rejoice at the reception in Paradise of so pure a soul."'

Zanesville, robed in black, and the lamentations of her people over the death of our Chiet Magistrate, marks an epoch in history that time will never efface.

A small printed hand-bill, distributed in the forenoon, called a public meeting of citizens, in Black's Music Hall, at two o'clock in the atternoon. In response, the Hall was filled at that hour with a concourse of nen. The meeting was organized by the election of Rev. W. M. "Mullenix, of the Second Street M. E. Chutch, as countrymen, supplemented by the generous sympathy of all the people of all other civilized countries, received and lamented over his untimely demise, by the foul hand and crime of a brutal

The Hon. John O'Neill was called upon, and the love and grief of our fifty millions of people tor pad chosen and worthy head; their burning indignation at '* the deep damnation of his taking off' by a fiendish assassin's cruel and senseless murder; and the genial. triendly nature of the

J. T. Irvine endeavored to respond by speaking of the tragical death of James A. Garfield as having at once wiped out, for the time being, all factions, parties, sections, sects, races, or other lines of divisions among the people, and united them all as one family, mourning over the woeful loss of its head, and thus demonstrating, in this epoch of National calamity, the oneness of the American people. The fatal striking down of the chief ruler in the Government, by a vile assassin's fiendish blow, was a causeless, horrible crime, not only against the President and society and the whole people, each and all. * * * Mr. Irvine sought an illustration ot the universal popular sentiment, by quoting the saying of David on the assassination of Abner, in Israel :

''And David said to Joab, and to all the people that were with him, rend your clothes, and gird you with sackcloth, and mourn before Abner. And King David himself followed the bier. And they buried Abner in Hebron, and the King lifted up his voice, and wept at the grave of Abner ; and all the people wept. * * * And the King said unto his servants: Know ye not that there is a prince and a great man fallen this day in Israel?'' - II. Samuel, iii, 31-38.

as General Garfield himself had publicly said in New York after the assassination and death of President Lincoln, '' God reigns and the Government at Washington still lives."

Hon. M. M. Granger was next called for, and, in words that breathe and thoughts that burn, 'pictured the fallen hero, and left the subject with the people, feeling too deeply to do more.

Hon. A. W. Train then addressed the audience, and declared his firm belief that General Gartield was, by far, the greatest man of this epoch.

''The people of Zanesville, called together by tidings that the Nation's President is dead, with ont heart and mind, join their countrymen as motrners to-day. We meet in deepest sorrow, because the Nation's chosen head is slain; and,

'* Resolved, That we, the people of Zanesville, learn with deep anguish and profound sorrow, of the death of James A. Garfield, President of the United States.

Aetobed! That by his death, the Nation has lost a great ruler; community an exalted citizen and cultured scholar; Christianity one of her brightest ornaments.

'' Resolved, That we detest and abhor the crime and the criminal by which this precious life has been sacrificed, and demand that the full measure of punishment, provided by law, shall be promptly meted outto him.

"* Resolved, That we deeply sympathize with his aged mother, his devoted and heroic wife, and his fatherless children, in their great bereave-

'* Feesolved, That the President and Secretary ot this meeting forward an official copy of its proceedings to the widow of the deceased, and also a certified copy to the State Department at Washington."'

The Committee on Resolutions was continued, to report suitable observance in this city during the funeral ceremonies of interment at Cleveland, on Monday, and the following is the report of said committee, which is taken from the Zanesville ''Courier :"

This City

At a meeting of the Committee on Resolutions, appointed at the Citizens Meeting, held in Music Hall, on the 20th inst., and also a Committee from Hazlett Post, No. 81, Grand Army of the Republic, held at the office of A. W. Train, Esq., at 2 p..m., yesterday, onmotion, A. W. Train, Esq., was chosen Chairman, and R. S. Mershon, Secretary. On motion, it was

**Ftesolved, That a public procession be had between the hours of 12 and 3 o'clock, of Monday, September 26th, in the afternoon, and that the procession shall move at 1:15.

'* Resolved, That Gen. Robert S. Granger be requested to act as Grand Marshal, with power to appoint assistants, and arrange a line of march.

'* Resolved, That all the City and County Officials, all Military, Religious and Civic Associations, and all other organized bodies, together with the teachers and scholars of the Public and Private Schools, and all citizens be, and are hereby, invited to join the funeral cortege; and that there may be proper arrangements made, all bodies be, and are hereby requested to report immediately to Gen. R. S. Granger, Grand Marshal, the name of each association or organization, and numerical strength of the same, to whom official communications can be addressed.

"* Resolved, That in accordance with the Proclamation of the Governor of Ohio, the people of this city be requested to close their respec- - tive places of business for the day; and that the clergy of the several churches be requested to open their churches for religious services, at at A. W. Train's office, and that the Grand Marshal and the several committees be respectfully requested to be present. "R.S. Mersuon, **Secretary.""

The Dead President

+» Monday all that is mortal of James A. Gartield was laid away to rest in Lake View Cemetery, at Cleveland, Ohio. He will sleep while ages pass away, along by the side of the beautiful lake he loved so well. He will sleep in the county where his eyes first saw the light of day. When suffering at Washington City, his mind wandered back to his native State of Ohio, and to the modest, comfortable home at Mentor, where, surrounded by those so near and dear to him, he had passed so many happy hours. After the spirit had taken its flight to the God who yave it, his body was carried back to the shores of the dear old lake, to rest there until time shall be no more.

'*»\round the grave where the remains of James A. Gartield will be laid at rest to-day, in spirit, fitty millions American people will be present. Neyer since the dawn of creation, has any man beenso mourned. Those who live i in. the palace, and those who live in the humble cot, alike mourn the great and good man who has been cut down in the prime of life. By the poor of the land, in those humble homes where there is a struggle allthe year round for bread, James A. Gar tield was mourned, as never man was mourned before.

--In the humble homes of the land, where want is often felt, and where there is never an abundance, and to spare, some method has been found to inform the outside world, that in those humble cots, there are those who mourn the loss of a triend, good and true. And when the great and good man, who has gone to Heaven, looks down upon the people he ruled so wisely and so well, there is nathing that will gratify him more than the signs of heartfelt grief on the humble cots of the poor. He never forgot that he was a poor man. His great soul went out to those who struggled for an honest living in the lower walks ot lite. He, in life, was one of them, knew how to sympathize with them in their troubles and trials, knew how honest, true and patriotic they were. Heknew that their strong arms and stout hearts saved the Union. And because he didn't forget the honest masses, but fell in the discharge of the duties assigned him by them, the honest masses mourn him so sincerely to-day. He died at his post, as a good soldier always does, andin the hearts of a grateful people, he will live as long as the American people love honor, truth and virtue."'

''The last sad scene, the death of President James A. Garfield, in the national tragedy wrought by the passion and bullet ofa vile assassin.took place at Elberon, near Long Branch,New Jersey, last Monday night, at 10 38, when his spirit passed quietly away from his wounded and suffering body. He was assassinated on the morning of the 2nd of July, and having died on the night of September igth, he thus endured eighty days of intense pain.

'*The departed President lacked two months of attaining the fiftieth year of his age, but he died at the very pinnacle of earthly station and honor, most deeply and universally sympathized with, and lamented.

''The surgeons' autopsy revealed the fact that the wound from the assassin's bullet was inevitably fatal from the first, against all that could be done to avert this dread result.

"'The obsequies, at Washington City, are now in progress, and the final ceremonies, and the interment, will take place at Cleveland, Monday next, September 26th."

Now Dead

"The President is dead! James A. Garfield was, in 1861, a State Senatot; 1862 and 1863, a General in the army of the United States : subsequently, for sixteen years, a Representative in the Congress of the United States; at the commencement of 1880, made a Senator in Congress by the Legislature of Ohio; in 1880, elected the President of the United States - is NOW DEAD.

''He who filled the most exalted political position of any man among all the peoples of the world. The most honored, and in whom reposed, to a greater extent than in any other man, the interests and destinies of fifty millions of people - has passed away. 'One event happeneth unto all.'

'"'Less than one hour before he died, which was at 10:35 P.M., on Monday, September roth, he awoke from an apparent sleep, and complained of pain in the region of the heart. He soon after began to sink, and his spirit passed ear into the hands of the great God, . who 'giveth to all the measure of their days.'

The Zanesville ''Post'' (German), of Wednesday, September 21st, contained the following editorial remarks on the death of President Garfield: Unjer Brijident toot.

| affection of the left kidney. . Pus had also been ' found in the soft matter of the lumbar vertebra, Die Leidhe wird heute guerft nad Wafhington gebradt | Die un | death-bed. At ten minutes past ten, a severe pain had suddenly siezed upon his breast, and soon made him unconscious. With the anxious eyes of his faithful wife on him, the sufferer breathed forth his great soul. But he will survive all of us, in history and in the hearts of the people, by the side of a Washington, a Jefferson, a Jackson, and a Lincoln, as a genuine model of a great American, who had risen from the dust of a lowly country house, into the light of the highest place of honor in the world; working from station to station, as laborer, muledriver, country school teacher, student, citizen, soldier, Congressman, and Senator ; as brilliant orator and learned statesman, always with iron energy and gigantic will-power. Ovations are tendered to his memory, so sincere, as no ''hereditary"' king, or ''ruler by the grace of God," could have procured for himself; and the most fervent sympathy is offered to his aged mother, and his noble wife, with her five children.

«The corpse is to-day taken, first to Washington, and will, on Monday, be buried near Cleveland. The immediate cause of his death, was a secondary bleeding from an artery touched by the bullet, which, amounting to as much as a pint, pressed upon his heart and caused his last great pains. At the autopsy a pus cavity was found, six inches long; and a pus canal, leading down to the groin. His breast was badly affectwhere the bullet had passed and driven small pieces of the gristle into the soft parts near. The bullet was found encysted, about two and a It had taken two hours to find it.

Our President Is Dead

The following remarks on the death of President Garfield are taken from the Zanesville 'Courier,' and appeared in that paper the day after the funeral : MemoriAm. - Amid whole people! 'The mortal remains of James A. Garfield have been committed to the tomb, there to rest until the last great day, when earth and sea shall give up their dead. In every. city, town, and hamlet, throughout the United States, habili- the grief of a stricken people. Long, mournful. funeral processions, vesterday, marched through the streets, and the last sad tributes of respect due from the living to the dead, were rendered with becoming solemnity. In all these duties, the citizens of Zanesville and the Muskingum Valley, from the moment the grand, heroic battle for life was ended, to the hour when the loved form of the illustrious dead was committed to its kindred dust, have not been lacking, in the smallest detail. The solemn memorial services of yesterday were fitting evidences of the love and affection borne our late lamented President by the people of this city, and the success attending every feature.of the mournful ceremonies, must have been highly gratifying to the various _ committees in charge, as well as to the community at large. © **The Grand Marshal, General R. S. Granger, had issued an order for the various civic and religious organizations to take part in the memorial parade, to march promptly to the rendezvous appointed for the three divisions, at one o'clock, so as to be ready to move a half hour later, but a furious rain storm swept over the City at the hour named for assembling, and a change of programme seemed necessary. The storm threatened to continue throughout the afternoon, but, owing to a want of means of communication with the various bodies, no concerted action could be taken, so that nothing could be done but await developments. The Lodges and socicties continued their preparations for the parade, hoping that the storm would break and fair weather render the consummation of the programme possible. At half-past one, the dark, lowering clouds began to part, and patches of clear sky were rev ealed, i in the southwest. Fifteen minutes later, the sun reappeared in his majesty, and at two o'clock, amid tolling bells, and the firing of minute guns from Putnam Hill, the tread of battalions marching to the rendezvous notified an expectant public that the parade would take place. The thoroughfares over which the column was to pass were extremely muddy, but no one complained. At a quarter of three _ o clock, the signal for the start was given, and the First Division, under command of Colonel C. C. Goddard, filed out of Seventh mto Market street, moving eastwardly. Then followed the Second Division, under command of Alexander McConnell, from its rendezvous, on Fifth street, and Colonel G. D. Munson's Third Division, trom Sixth street. The order of formation was as follows: FIRST DIVISION. Garfield Guards, leading their horses. Bauer's Band. ii City Postmaster, and Employes at the Postoffice. County and City Officials. Cyprus Commandery, K. T. Hazlett Post, No. 81, G. A. R. Ex-Soldiers and Sailors. 'Officers and Orators of the Day in Carriages. SECOND DIVISION. Drum Corps. Ancient Order of Hibernians. St. Patrick Benevolent Society. Father Matthew Temperance Society.

SECOND DIVIsIonN - Continued. St. Thomas Benevolent and Literary Society. Knights of Labor. St. Nicholas Society. St. Joseph Society. Young Men's Hebrew Association. Members of the High School.

Third Division

Barlow, Wilson, Primrose & West's Minstrels. Barlow, Wil-on, Primrose & West's Band. Independent Order of Odd Fellows. McIntire Lodge, Knights of Pythias. Independent Order of Rechabites. Patriotic Order Sons of America. Citizens on foot and in carriages.

Line Of March

The line of march, as announced by the Grand Marshal, was strictly adhered to: East on Market to Underwood; south to Main; west on Main to Third; south to South street; east to Sixth, and north on Sixth to the McIntire Academy lot. The funeral pageant, of deep and mournful grandeur, moved quietly through the streets, the silence only being broken by the weird notes of the funeral dirges and the muffled beats of the drums. Every man and boy in the line seemed to be impressed with the deep solemnity of the hour, and the quietness which reigned was in striking contrast to the order maintained in funeral processions under the most favorable circumstances. The column moved in sections of eight, a most difficult order, even for trained troops, but the alignments were well preserved, and the spectacle thus presented was grand beyond description. Scores of flags and. banners were carried at the head of the various orders, all draped in sombre hues. A banner, worthy of special mention, was that borne aloft at the head of the brigade of Odd Fellows. It was executed by Jacob Hinig, and represented the Goddess of Liberty, rising from a cloud and in the act of crowning Lincoln and Garfield. The portraits were faithful to nature, and the conception so clever that when the banner appeared in sight, the beholders reverently lifted their hats as it was carried by. Bauer's Band, near the head of the First Division, discoursed splendid music, and the famed musical organization of Barlow, Wilson, Primrose & West's Minstrels, attracted very general attention. By the courtesy of

All along the routes of march the sidewalks were densely packed ; the spectators looked on in painful interest, and hundreds were affected to tears. Never in our history had such a scene been presented. The procession arrived at the five voices, selected from the church choirs of the city, under the direction of Prof. Lilienthal, rendered a special programme. Chas. E. Munson and Robt. Miller presided at the organs. The singing was grand beyond description, and reflected credit upon the committee, Messrs. James A. Cox, Hiram Waller and J. J. Ingalls, in charge of that department.

The Officers Of The Day

After order had. been restored, Judge Ball arose, and with great emotion, which he could not restrain, said: ''I am called to preside over this meeting, and it is no ordinary duty, but it will be one of no difficulty. Youare called upon to perform a solemn service in the presence of a great calamity, such as has never befallen this people. The late President Garfield has been called to his Maker, in the heighth of his usefulness, and while the people mourn with saddened hearts, they are ready to say, amen. When President Garfield was called hence, he had, in an unlimited degree, the confidence of the whole people. He was stricken down by an assassin whose crime reached fifty millions of people, whose venality is without a parallel in history. When a man like President Garfield is stricken down by a villain like Guiteau, the people do mourn. More than this, 1, perhaps, ought not fatal shot was fired, I have been south of Mason and Dixon's line, and have talked in all confidence with men who served in the Confederate army, and with women who sympathized with the rebellion. Allow me to say, that their sympathy for the stricken President was as great as yours, and their horror at the awful deed as intense as any people on earth. I have often wondered why one scoundrel was permitted to commit such a crime, and inflict such a disaster upon a people, but I suppose some good will come from it. It must be so, I suppose. Guiteau had the power, but it must never again be so under any circum - stances of power. The choir will now sing

The great audience bowed in silence, as the beautiful hymn was sung with marked effect, and the Rey. J. McK. Pittenger offered an eloquent prayer, which was published in yesterday's *'Courier.""

*On the 26th of September, 1881, a spectacle is presented, the like of which no other. day in the history of the earth and man has seen. A nation of fifty millions of people, occupying more than half of the habitable portion of a continent, is assembled to bury its dead ruler. Other great nations from beyond the oceans of the east and

'¢When Abraham Lincoln's funeral cortege passed amid sorrowing millions from the sea coast to his prairie home, our fellow men beyond the Atlantic were yet ignorant of the crime that had slain our second Washington. Three of the Southern armies had not surrendered, and the Southern people still yielded allegiance to Jefterson Davis. But almost before the dwellers at Elberon were sure that the soul of Gartield had gone to God, the midnight bells were tolling the sad news in Europe, as well as_ throughout America. Itis to-day the wires that cross the

''As we look upon him dead, it is fit that we think of the life and of the death. Although cut off before he was yet fifty years old, he had not lived in vain. Born in poverty, and compelled to labor in order that he might learn, before his forty-ninth year had closed he was the chosen Chief Magistrate of the strongest Nation of the strongest race of mankind. 'This rise came not by revolution, nor was it the result of the fickle choice of any potentate. Such causes gave to Rome Emperors who were born at the foot of the social hill ; but Garfield, by a steady tread, walked upward from laborer to student, teacher, State Legislator, General, Congressman, United States Senator and President. Hislife is a shining example for the youth of our land. It does not teach that every poor lad can become the ruler of his country, or even one of the great men of his State; but fram it we know that intellect, supplemented by industry, study, energy, temperance, courage, and a heart full of kindliness, mark out a broad highway for all who wish to be useful and happy in their lives, and to be followed to their graves by the loving sorrow of their fellow men.

'As James A. Garfield lay in bodily weakness and pain these many weeks, whatever of grief came to him was because future usefulness to his country seemed forbidden. His backward gaze saw days, and weeks, and years of duty faithfully and ably done, asa pupil, a teacher, a Legislator, a Soldier, a Statesman, a Ruler; and also asa son, a husband and a father. The essence of the happiness given him by sucha retrospect, as well as enjoyed by him while days and years were being lived, consisted in what he had done, and done for others; not in the possession and the holding of offices by him ; not in the being a teacher, a General, a Statesman, or a Ruler, but in the faithful and successful doing of the duties of each post so long as he held*it. And so doing, doing well the work and duty imposed on him by his relations to others, he won success and happiness for himself, as well as for them. So doing, and doing for others, he lived a Christian life, for the essence of Christianity, as exemplified in the life of Christ himself, is the

The speaker here presented a masterly analysis of the dead President's character, which a want of space only prevents printing in full. His closing words were:

North, trained in opinions the opposite of those most dear to them, elected Chief Magistrate by a party deemed by their record hostile to their interests, was a man of great heart as well as of intellect; of great magnanimity, as well as of great industry; ina word, that he was a man worthy of love and admiration, and not at all a man to be hated or condemned.

'*And so Garfield - dead - wiill still live, a proof that there is no such difference between men of the North and men of the South as will prevent the earnest union of all Americans in love for their common country, and in patriotic effort to make theAmerican people the noblest Nation on the earth.

Cuant - " Remember Now Thy Creator," was sung by thé Barlow, Wilson, Primrose & West Quartette - Messrs. Howard, Kelly, Radcliff and Belknap. The first demonstration of applause offered at the Memorial Services followed this matchless performance.

Owing to the illness of F. H. Southard, he could not be present, and the audience was deprived of what all knew would be a tender tribute to the memory of a great man.

A we Train spoke substantially as follows: '+ Mr. President - A brief review of the sickness of General Garfield will call to mind some very peculiar circumstances. The great distinguishing feature of the sorrow that hung. around the President's bed, was the unusual interest taken in him by the people. He was not watched over alone by persons high in authority, and officers of yreatrank. The distinguishing feature was that everybody had an interest in the life of the President. 'There is some good reason for this. There -was never anything before like the solemn funeral train from Washington to Cleveland, that turned out to do reverence to the illustrious dead. The Mechanic in his shop, the farmer in his field, the laborer at his toil, paused in their work and looked on in mute sorrow, as the funeral cortege rolled on. It was the most remarkable exhibition of feeling ever witnessed in this country. The people do not sorrow because a President is gone, but because Garfield is gone. I undertake to say, that General Garfield was the most complete type of American character and American growth ever produced. If I address the carpenters, they will say, he represented us; with the jack plane and saw, he worked at the bench. If I address the workingmen, they will say, he represented us; with his hands, he chopped wood at twenty-five cents a cord, and made a hand in the harvest field, at one dollar a day. If I address the students, they will say, he represented us, because he was a seeker after knowledge. If I address the literary people, they will say he represented us. If I ask the statesmen, they will say, he represented us. 1 undertake to say, that in general average, he was above all. Is it any wonder that the whole people bow in sorrow, and in mourning?' The life and character of General Garfield will not be fully understood for many years. Like the lofty mountain, its grand dimensions are not appreciated until its solid base is uncovered. As long as General Garfield was in public life, he did not utter a proposition that did not meet the approval of his conscience. He was a politician, but without craft. Read him as you will, he was a most remarkable man. During the eighteen years of his public life, he discussed more matters of public interest than any man in the House of Representatives. His public utterances make volumes of records, and no man ever questioned the honesty of his statements. I saw General Garfield in Congress during a great discussion, when the entire North and South were looking on with almost breathless interest. General Garfield was the representative of the North, and Senator Lamar of the South. The debate rivaled in intensity and power the famous discussion between Webster and Hayne, and yet the first man to congratulate General Garfield at its close was the vanquished chiettain of the South. They never hated General Garfield; he never insulted one of their representatives, or that people. General Garfield will be mourned as long as the Republic lives. It makes it a little bitter to reflect that he fell by the hand of an assassin, but our Government and institutions are not dependent upon the life of any man. Whenever any Government depends upon the life of any single individual, it will go down. In the language of the fallen hero: ''God reigns, and the Government at Washington still lives."

A double male quartette sang the hymn, *'Integer Vitae," with wonderful effect, and then Rev. George F. Moore delivered the closing address, which was as follows:

"'Mr. President - My fellow-citizens: - As I listened to the eloquent tributes which have been paid by the preceding speakers to the memory of our lamented President, I felt the force of what an old time preacher said, '' what can the man do that cometh after the King? Even that which hath been already done.

"'T shall not, therefore, speak in any extended way of President Garfield's life; I shall attempt no eulogy of him, whose highest praise is the silent grief of the civilized world to-day. But there is one light in which I would set his death. We may regard it as a monstrous crime, in many respects without parallel in history ; we may regard it as an overwhelming calamity, but I would rather look upon it as a great sacrifice.

fallen on that September day, eighteen years ago, while riding into the jaws of death, he ran the gauntlet of Longstreet's sharpshooters to save Thomas and the army, all would have said: He laid down his life for us. 'To-day the offering is more precious; the sacrifice is not less real.

'There are two senses in which he died for his country: First, in that it was through no fault of his that he fell. The assassin had no grievance of his own to avenge. He represented an idea which is the curse of American politics - the idea that offices, which are public trusts, should, be the reward of party service. And you and I are in our measure.responsible for the existence of the state of things which made it possible even for a mad-man to conceive such a crime.

'Tf all good citizens are brought to see the evil of the spoils system, and to unite their efforts to overthrow it, the death of the President will have done for the reform of the Civil Service more than even he could have accomplished in his life.

'«The way in which the weeks of watching over the sick, and in these days of mourning for the dead, party and sectional division have disappeared, has been already remarked.

of the American people there lay unsuspected, even by themselves. the possibility of a magnificent personal loyalty. It has been often said that the practical turn ot the American mind prevented that idealizing, that hero making and | hero worship, without which personal loyalty is impossible. is one of the chivalric virtues which is dead in the modern world. But what monarch in the palmy days of chivalry ever received the tribute of a loyalty as spontaneous, as splendid as that gress as that journey of the wounded President from Washington to Elberon? And that loyalty will not be buried in the grave by the lake side. It will be transferred to his successor in office, and will insure him the generous confidence and support of all good citizens.

'It is a costly sacrifice, but if, by it, long es- . . { tablished abuses are overthrown ; if a long prayed © for reconciliation is cemented in his blood; if a | new and generous loyalty is born, he would not count it too costly. the war, he resolved to offer his service to his country, in the tield, seeing how completely that step broke up all his plans, he wrote: ''It is not without regret that I look upon the ruins. But if, as the result of the broken plans and shattered mdividual lives of thousands of American citizens, we can see on the ruins of our old National errors a new and enduring fabric arise, based on larger freedom and higher justice, it will be a small sacrifice, indeed.

General Ball asked the people to disperse quietly, and feelingly requested that the good order which had characterized the services throughout, would be maintained during the evening. Rev. Mr. Willifer pronounced the benediction ; the various societies then marched back to.their halls, and the memorial services in honor of the late lamented President, James A. Garfield, were ended.

Water Works

the City Council granted the privilege of laying pipe and building a reservoir. The ordinance authorizing this work was passed in May, 1516, and the water works inaugurated in 1817.

The reservoir was located near the corner of Underwood street and Fountain alley ; was built of cut stone, puddled with white clay, and arched much stronger than now, and water was brought from the springs on the surrounding hills ; from the spring at Best's still-house, east of Green lane, through Mrs. Fell's pasture lot, to the reservoir - through a cut of twenty-five feet - the necessary fall. The reservoir was seventy-tive feet deep. The logs used for piping were principally elm, poplar and oak. The work of preparing them was done on the lot where Mr. F. J. L. Blandy's residence now stands. The hole through the logs was two and a half to three and a half inches in diameter - they tapered and The hydrants were of the primitive order, made by driving an upright pipe, about seven feet long, into the water-mains, and at the top a piece of wood was driven in, to keep the water from flowing out, and then a faucet of wood or brass was inserted. The chief water-main ran down Main street, below Third, with branches on the side streets, and in winter required to be well protected to prevent freezing. | While water was being drawn from a hydrant at the lower end of the street, none could be had at the upper end, and zce versa. Captain John Dulty lived on the corner of Seventh and Fountain alley, and had the first hydrant on the line, and when he drew water all hydrants below were closed. The reservoir was not much higher the autumn of 1842. The money used in constructing them was loaned to the town of Zanesville by the Canal and Manufacturing Company, being $39,443.18, for twenty-four years, from January 1st..1842. These works were driven by water power, and continued in use until 1873, when they were entirely abandoned.

The third water works were constructed in 1868, and driven by steam,.and continued in use until 1873, when the present works were constructed.

"repair, and held as a reservoir, in case of accident to the new works. The present works, (including that on the uplands,) cost $175,000.- oo. There are tworeservoirs, with a capacity of four million and five hundred thousand gallons. Their elevation above low water mark river is two hundred feet. The pumping capacity of the engines is about five million gallons |

The customary **By Laws, Rulesand Regulations," have been adopted. The last annual report of the Trustees of Water Works, for the year ending March 14th, 1880, contains the usual details, covering twenty-eight pages, which we do not think germain to this recital.

Bank State Bank

| THE TOWN OF ZANESVILLE - SHIN-PLASTERS - THE FARMERS & MECHANICS' BANK OF ZANESVILLE - THE ROUND RING SOCIETY - MUSKINGUM BANK - THE FRANKLIN BANK - TIIE FRANKLIN BANKING COMPANY - THE SECOND NATIONAL |) |. BANK - "THE) MUSKINGUM WALLEY BANK - =C.W: POTWIN & CO. S BANK - CITIZENS NATIONAL BANK STATE BANK OF OHIO - THE MUSKINGUM NATIONAL - FIRST NATIONAL - THE UNION BANK - THE DEPOSIT BANK OF C. C. RUSSELL & CO - THE DEPOSIT BANK - SAVINGS BANK - HOME BUILDING COMPANY'S BANK.

From the beginning of the reign of Henry I., (Beauclerc) in the eleventh century, and on down to the establishment of the Bank of England, | which was incorporated by William llf., in

1694, the legal tender money, or representative of money in England. was made of wood. The holder was entitled to receive from the Crown the value inscribed thereon. A tour sided rod was carved in transverse notches, varying in width for thousands, hundreds, scores, pounds, shillings and pence, for those who could not read ; and for those who could read. the suin was written in ink on two opposite sides of the staff, and, finally, the staff was split in two, longitudinally; one half was called the tally. or check, and one was laid up for safe keeping, until its corresponding tally should be brought by the person who had last given value for it. From this primitive tally was derived the Exchequer bill, first introduced by Mr. Montague, the Coun- _cellor of the exchequer, in 1696. The exchequer derived the word bill from the Norman French word, 6zl/e, which means staff.

'63 cents - Treasurer of the town of Zanesville, pay the bearer, in current bank notes, six and one-fourth cents, on the presentation of orders amounting to five dollars. Zanesville, May PSR y hee IsAAC SPANGLER, James Crossy, President.

In 1815-16-17, the county was full of shinplasters, issued by banks and individuals, representing sums of from six and one-fourth cents to seventy-five cents.

August 17, 1817, the Farmers and Mechanics' Bank, of Zanesville, was in operation ; and February 10, 1819, "the Zanesville Canal and Manufacturing Company's Bank"' published the following statement (as required by law) :.

Tue Rounpv Rivne Socrery - ''Shin-plasters'"' were issued in denominations ranging from six and one-fourth cents to seventy-five cents, inclu- sive, by order of the ''Round Ring Society."' This organization is said to have been composed of members of the Jefferson School cf Politics, and to have held secret meetings, at which refreshments of all kinds were served. The Order adopted an emblem, which was a ring, with a spade within the circle. Samuel Goff was President, and signed his name with the suffix, RRB.

Muski1ncuM BANK was inaugurated about the first of September, 1812, with the following Board of Directors: A. M. Laughlin, President; E. Buckingham, John Mathews, J. Van Horne, W. Silliman, R. Fulton, J. Price, J. F. Munroe, J. McIntire, A. H. Wood, J. Hazlett, M. Dillon and Arius Nye. chosen cashier.

The following paper, having the official signatures of the officers and directors of Muskingum Bank,shows the determination of those gentlemen to secure fair dealing; also the true spelling of the names, one in particular having been spelled in different ways, and as this is Mr. Silliman's own signature, this dispute is settled :

'"'Ordered that the Board of Directors of. the Bank of Muskingum, now in session, do hereby, for value received, release Horace Nye from all and every demand against said Horace Nye, as either drawer or endorser, or in any manner whatever,said Horace Nye having this. day paid to said bank his only note in the name of Horace Nye & Company, forthe sum of three hundred and seventy-five dollars.

_ National, about the year is a Director of the Bank of Muskingum ; that he | has been duly appointed by the Board of Direc- , tors of said bank, to go in pursuit of David J. | Marple, late cashier of said bank, who absconded | 14, 1871.

large amount of the funds of said bank; and the said Horace Nye is hereby authorized, in behalt of, and at the expense of said bank, to take all lawful measures to arrest and secure said David J. Marple, that he may be dealt with according tolaw and justice. By order of the Board of Directors. ; E. BuckINnGHaM, Jr., President.

THE FRANKLIN BANK - This Bank was opened in 1838, by gentlemen of Putnam. Among the stockholders were Solomon Sturges, A. Buckingham, H. Sturges, Daniel Brush, John Peters, J. V. Cushing and E. Buckingham. This Bank was succeeded by the Franklin Banking Company, in 1858. The members of the firm were Daniel Brush, C. W. Potwin and C. E. Robins. 'Mr. Robins retired from the firm in the fall of 1859. A. V. Smith purchased the interest of Daniel Brush in the spring of 1862.

THE SEconp NarronaAL Bank - This Bank was organized in the fall of 1863 ; C. W. Potwin, President, and A. V. Smith, Cashier, who served the nine years of its operations. Among the stockholders were J.. V. Cushing, H. Sturges, Daniel Brush, J. Taylor, Jr., and S. R. Hosmer. This Bank was closed, and the assets divided, in the fall of 1872.

Tue Muskincum VALLEY BANK - This Bank, very soon after, succeeded the Second National Bank, with A. H. Brown and A. V. Smith, stockholders, and continued to do business until the fall of 1873, when C.. W. Potwin and A. V. Smith succeeded to the business, under the name of C. W. Potwin & Co's. Bank, and continued to do business until July 1st, 1881, when the business was closed, and the Citizens' National Bank became the successor to C. W. Potwin &

THe Musxincum BRANCH OF THE STATE Bank or Onto - This Bank was organized about 1848. H.M. Kearny was President, and D. C. Convers, Cashier. The capital was $100,-

This Bank was succeeded by the. Muskingum 1864, with Daniel Applegate as President, and D. C. Convers as Cashier. The capital of this Bank was $100,- 000, and it continued to do business until January The stockholders being largely inon Tuesday morning last, as is supposed, with a | terested, also in the First National, the two

First NATIONAL BANK - No. 134 Main street. The Article of Association was dated October 14, 1863, and, framed in accordance with the provisions of the Act of Congress, February 25th, 1863. On the 16th of November

Hugh J. Jewett retired from the firm, his interest | being purchased by Charles C. Russell. Thomas Grifith, William Price and Charles M. Gattrell

Charles C. Russell died June 4th, 1880, and the business has been continued by the Russell estate and Thomas Grifhth, William Price and Charles M. Gattrell, under the old firm name, and at the same place occupied by C. C. Russell & Co., southeast corner of Fifth and Main the latter, and thereby increased to two hundred thousand dollars. Under this management, Peter Black was continued as President, and E. Martin as Cashier. On the 14th of January, 1874, Mr. Martin resigned. and George H. Stewart became Cashier. Peter Black died July 7th, 1878, and on the 11th of that month, Wm. A. Graham became his successor as President.

The panic of 1873, that proved disastrous to many banks, did not affect the First National. All demands were paid promptly, thus imposing the fullest contidence, which it still enjoys.

Tur Union Bank, 128 Main street, was organized December 16, 1872, and is a partnership, with large individual liability. The parties being among the most wealthy and responsible manufacturers, merchants and farmers in the county.

Its provision against burglars is perfect, having an extra strong iron-lined vault, with burglar box safe, all secured by five of the very best combination and time locks.

Tue Deposir Banx. - This institution commenced business June 15, 1869, under the name of '*The Deposit Bank of C. Russell & Co." The company was composed of C.C. Russell, Thomas L. Jewett and Hugh J. Jewett. Thomas L. Jewett died in 1876, and his interest was purchased by Hugh J. Jewett. March 13, 1880, second was opened in Boston, in 1817, the object being to afford any one, old, voung, rich or poor, an opportunity to save money ''for a rainy day," by depositing, in a safe place, sums for accumulation, ranging from ten cents upward.

The first savings bank in Zanesville, Ohio, was organized in 1875, under the control of the Mutual Building and Savings Association, and rapidly grew into favor, and continued to do business until the Manager, Mr. Henry Jones, failed in health, and advised the Directors to either

They elected to do the latter, and notified the depositors to withdraw their deposits, which they did, and the institution closed in the fall of 1879. The demand for such an institution was such that it was deemed expedient to reopen, provided a competent Manager could be found. Mr. Jones, having partially recovered, was prevailed upon to accept the situation, and the business was resumed, under the name and style of '' The Home Building Company," in March, 1880. The institution does not seek commercial deposits, makes no short loans, nor on personal security ; it loans from six months to one or more years, on first mortgages on real estate collateral, on city or country property.

The business is managed by Mr. Henry Jones, the President, and Mr. Jefferson Van Horne, as Secretary, with a Board of Directors, now composed of: Henry Jones, J. B. Allen, J. M. Lane, G. M. Jewett, Harvey Darlinton, James We vine, J. P. Ford, J. M. Bonnet, and William C. Townsend, and located at No. 155 Main street, Zane House Building.

Star Hose

THE SUBSCRIPTION TO THE FIRE COMPANY, 1819 - UNION FIRE ENGIXE COMPANY - THE DOG, ** MINUS - -THE MECHANICS' FIRE COMPANY - THE RELIEF FIRE COMPANY - UNION FIRE COMPANY - THE HOPE HOSE COMPANY - THE STAR HOSE COMPANY - THE MUSKINGUM FIRE COMPANY - RESCUE HOOK AND LADDER COMPANY, NO. 5 - -RELIEF, NO. 7 - ''76°° HOSE COMPANY - THE NEPTUNE HOSE COMPANY - NIAGARA HOSE COMPANY - THE RESCUE, NO. 7, REORGANIZED - REPORT OF THE CHIEF FIRE ENGINEER, MR. H. SHRIMPTON - HOPE COMPANY - STAR HOSE COMPANY, NO. 2 - -THE RELIEF HOSE COMPANY, NO. 3 - EAGLE HOSE COMPANY, NO. 4 - NIAGARA HOSE COMPANY, NO. 5.

December 22d. 1819, the ''Zanesville Express" contained the following notice: '*The subscribers to the Fire Engine Company are requested to ree in the court house, on Thursday, December 23d. at two o'clock, p. M., for the purpose of organizing, electing officers, and tr ansacting such other business as may be necessary.

Michael Dulty is credited with the information that -* the members were all property holders and business men, and they put out the fires - with as little water as possible.'

Unton Fire Excise Company. - The companv organized as **Union Fire Engine Company,' and elected Michael Peters. Captain. They had tortv members, fifteen of whom were required to work the engine. and the remainder formed the -'bucket line."' which. sometimes, included men, women and children. The members were each furnished with two leather buckets, and his name was painted thereon. It was no unusual sight to see the fireman's home. hanging up. filled with water, in readiness for service.

Among the active members were: Samuel Josiah S. Copeland, Horatio J. Cox, George Rishtine. William Blocksom. E. T. Cox and John D. Dare. They organized with one hundred members, and each wore a red badge. with ** M. F. C.." in gold let- From 1836 to 1840 they used the old buildings, southeast corner ot! Fourth street and Fountain alley, for engine purposes.

THE Pe Frre Company. - Zanesville January 10th, 830- anil edhe suant to notice given. a meeting was ned at the Senate Chamber for the purpose of forming a new fire company. After the meeting was called to order, Mr. R. Hazlett was chosen Chairman, and E. Eastman, Secretary."

The Chairman was authorized to appoint a committee on Constitution and By-Laws, which eonsisted*or 3G "Et? Sihminrek ibe FLy de, UNacs. Abbott, H. pipe and James Hazlett : instructed to report on the the 14th. ult. On this day. pursuant to adjournment. they met at J. P. Barton's room, reported the Constitution ae By-Laws,

! its supply of water and throw it at thesametime, | W. Alter, W. A. Runyon, L. Evans, E. H. and was considered ''the best in town."' One = John, Benjamin Comptor, James Stull, John

Unxton Fire Compxny - Act of Incorporation, dated February 14, 1840. signed by Thomas J. Buchanan, Speaker of the House of Representatives. and William McLaughlin, Speaker of the Senate, which is as follows:

SEs. bly of the State of Ohio, that James Raguet, Daniel Brush, Anthony Wilkins, DI}; Culber t= son, William Shultz, Isaac Campbell and those who may hereafter be associated with them, ville." with succession for thirty years, and by such name, and in their corporate capacity, they may make contracts, may sue and be sued, answer and be answered unto all courts of this State having cognizance; may hold property, real and personal, to the amount of five thousand dollars, whether by purchase, gift, devise, and make and establish by-laws tor their government, not incompatible with the constitution of the United States, or of this State, pro- | vided that the funds of said company shall not be used for building, insurance or any other purpose than those connected with the fire department.

| Jee. Cochran, Jes Callihan, Manly Howard, are Charles Greenwell, hereby made a body politic and corporate, for sleek 3 22d Suk ci cielaenetd feminine tee

Honorary Members - [ Article XVII of the By- Laws admitted men of good moral character. on payment of two dollars, with rights and du-, ties common with all others, except holding ofafter serving five years creditably.]_ Appended to the printed list of signers to the Constitution and By- Daniel Brush, Isaac Campbell, Dr. John Hamm, Charles C. Russell, John Adams, Silvers Porter, Adam Peters, Edward Matthews, Austin Berry, William Galligher, John R. Pratt, C. B. Goddard, John Taylor, C. W. Potwin, John C. Hazlett, Benjamin Spangler, D. J. Culbertson, James J. Ross, Mark Louden, A. C. Ross, B. F. Hersh, Isaac Dillon, John A. Blair, S. H. Kauffman, J. B. H. Bratshaw, John Metcalf, R. H. Gilmore, Daniel Dillon, and Fred. Bird.

As these persons became honorary members atthe signing of the Constitution, they evinced the true interest they felt in doing what they could for the safety of the community against fire, and, doubtless, would have enrolled as active members, had business permitted.

Attached to the company was a library of useful and entertaining books and periodicals, and, evidently, this was a popular and harmonious organization. Their last meeting was held, June 12th, 1874.

Hope Company had a knowing dog, named '** Dash," familiar with the fire alarm, and always on the ground when the boys were on duty. Firemen's dogs were regarded with jealousy - sometimes the cause of fights.

There were fifty members, but the following list is all that can be obtained now: John Peters, Henry C. Peters, Charles Peters, James Smith, Louis H. Worrell, William Lee, Levi Miller, Dudley W. Cassidy, George Cassidy, William W. Wimmer, George W. Delzell, Daniel Miller, John English, George Lee, James S. Ward, H.C. Helmick, Joseph Wheatley, Charles Dunn, and James Morgan.

The total membership was forty. The city built a two-story house for their use, at a cost of $1,600. The company subsequently changed its name to Relief. April ist, 1878, they disbanded, and went into the paid Department of the city.

RescuE Hoox anp LappDER Company, No. 5, was an independent Company in 1854. They built a fine, two-story, brick house, on the corner of Court House square and Fountain alley. They purchased their truck of Rogers & Co., Baltimore, Maryland, for $1,200. They numbered forty members, thirty-four of whom volunteered in the army, to put down the rebellion. Their officers were:

Members - W..H. Hurd, W. M. Harriott, Isaac Ross, John G. Gittings, Charles Blocksom, William H. Nevitt, Charles Fletcher, Hugh Dunn, L. M. Dayton, Robert M. Applegate, Samuel W. Spencer, James Dixon, Charles Sullivan, George Lentz, Louis D. Sandal, Alfred F. Fillmore, A. F. Cassell, William Balthis, and B.D. Abbott. These are all the names that can be obtained.

Members - Luther Morgan, John E. Leach, Benoni Willis, Sutliff Bates, John Leach, Allen Twaddle, James Garden, William Burns, John Kitchen, James Winning, Isaac Murray, William E. Atwell, Levi B. Fink, Hugh Dugan, William Langton, Denton Graves, and Charles Stanton. These are all the names that can now be had.

Neptune Hose Company, organized May 17, 1872, with thirty members - an independent company, declared to hold themselves in readiness to turn out at large fires, Or aS a reserve, except in their own ward, where they would turn out to fires, whether called or not. The temporary officers were :

Their building, situated in the ninth ward, was erected by the city. They disbanded, with twentytwo active Members, March 27th, 1876, and divided the money, cash on hand, and proceeds of property, between them.

RescuE, No. 7. - This company was organized from Relief, December 29th, 1874, and was accepted by the city, January rith, 1875. The first officers under this organization, were:

They adopted the sarne By-Laws under which | : : Neptune worked. This is ie Independent Vol- | SF dia is $1,360.25 per company, per anunteer company. From the date of organization, until the spring ot 1879. these companies, with others. received from the city $150.00 per year. which was used in furnishing their hall, in the second stories of the Hose buildings. The Messenger was paid

**As required by law, I submit herewith the annual report of the Fire Department for the year, ending September 1st, 1879. The condition and detai] of the department is as tavorable for the service required of it, as it can well be with the number of men, and the amount of money appropriated to defray the expenses thereof."

The report is explicit, and, doubtless, highly satisfactory, as the intimations of increased force being needed, have been carried into effect, hence we, following the practical manner of the worthy Chief, herewith submit the present force,

Niagara Hlose Company,No.5-Isaac Springer, driver; George Shrum, hoseman: Charles Powell, runner. 'The hose houses, eight in number, are all in| good repair, except No. 2, on Seventh street. The apparatus consists of five hose reels, arranged for horses; one hook and ladder truck, fully equipped, but not manned, except when emergency demands, when part of the force now in use is directed to take charge of it; one old engine, in good condition.

The new fire alarm telegraph went into operation the 20th of February, 1879. This most effective branch of the department consists of twenty-one signal boxes; six electric gongs ; one electric bell striker, for general alarm; one galvanometer, and ten miles of wire on two hundred

The volunteer companies were composed of the best citizens - embracing clergy, professional, business, and laboring men - who bore ''the heat and burden of the day." As organizations, they never received more than $215 per company, per annum, to defray expenses. After years of service, when the tira upon their time became burdensome, and the city found itself able to afford a paid department, they gave way, and by act of the city council, were disbanded, May 26th, 1879. heir deeds of heroism and self-sac- Tifice entitle them to be held in grateful remembrance.

Chapter Xviii

"THE OHIO BIBLE SOCIETY - TEMPERANCE - MUSKINGUM EMANCIPATION - ST. NICHOLAS ASSOCIATION - THE OLD SETTLERS - YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN - BUILDING - WOMAN'S BENEVOLENT - ST. JOSEPH'S.

Tue Onto Brsie Society. - The sixth annual meeting of the Ohio Bible Society was held in Zanesville, on Wednesday, September 3d, 1818, and was attended by a respectable number of members, and a large and intelligent' audience ; the greatest harmony prevailed, and much important business was transacted.

**Report. - In laying before the society their sixth annual report, your Board cannot fail to realize the various and conflicting feelings which the grandeur of the object before them, the success which has hitherto attended their exertions, the different prospects which await their future efforts, and the increasing interest of the Bible cause, are calculated to awaken. During the last year. vour Board authorized the purchase of a quantity of Bibles, one hundred and fifty of which were in the German language. Repeated efforts to secure such failed. It was ascertained, by express information from our agent in Philadelphia, that they were not to be obtained in that city. As. however, a supply is soon expected from Europe, it is presumed that this difficulty will be removed, to the satisfaction of all con- cerned. Three hundred and eighty English Bibles, and one hundred German Testaments have been secured, which, in part, met the expectations of your Board. These are now in train of distribution throughout the bounds of the society.

'*Where the Bible has hitherto been circulated, it has been received with gratitude, and read sometimes, we know, and frequently with attention, pleasure and improvement.

'"Your Board have not tenaciously confined their distribution to those who were literally unable to purchase, although those who are in circumstances to authorize it, generally make a return of the price, or more than the price of the book received. As, however, your Board are persuaded that no individual, who has ever made a right estimate of the value of his own soul, will withhold the Word of God from the careless or the wicked, because they are able to purchase for themselves, they have acted from different principles, and adopted a different practice. The careless, who are able to supply themselves, are no less the objects of Christian sympathy, than the anxious souls who are unable. The great object of your Board, and, it is presumed, the society, is to have the Bible read ; believing that the salutary effects of a general attention to its perusal would soon be seen, felt, and acknowledged, even by its present enemies' With this end in view, they are, of course, no less concerned for those who will not, than for those who cannot, procure it for themselves.

"*You have become auxiliary to the American Bible Society. A principal object of that soci- - ety is to give the aborigines of our country the Word of God, in their vernacular tongue. The civilization of the savage tribes, and the dissemination of the Word of Life, are objects which ought to ensure the prompt and efficient aid of all the friends of civil and religious liberty. Let this be afforded with pious hearts,. and willing hands. Let contributions evince sincerity, and the result is certain. We ought to recollect, too, that by the liberality ofthe British and Foreign Bible Society, our friends are placed in a respectable situation. If, then, a foreign people have been so mindful of us, we ought, at least, to tollow the praiseworthy example, so far as to exercise a corresponding liberality toward the people whose soil we occupy, and for whose improvement and happiness we are bound, by so many reasons of interest and benevolence, to unite our exertions. * * Let all the streams of piety and benevolence flow into one grand reservoir, the friends of truth form one grand phalanx, adopt one universal determination, exert one corresponding movement, which confidence of complete suecess and unspeakable rewards are calculated to inspire. Let the glory of God be our aim, the word of God our rule, the spirit of God our light, and we will soon unite in the joyful exclamation, 'Victory is on the Lord's side,"' temperance was made in this county. Temperance societies began to be formed in 1825-6. One of the most prominent of the first promoters of the reform was Rev. Dr. Hewitt, of Connecticut, who was worthily styled the Apostle of Temperance. The exertions of this and other energetic advocates of temperance and total abstinence have effected a wonderful change for the better in the general habits of the people. Several thousand temperance societies, under various names, have been formed, and a large number of vessels now sail from various ports of the United States, the crews of which are unsupplied with spirituous liquors of any kind. The movement has spread, to some extent, in Europe, but by far the most successful of its promoters has been the Rev. Theobald Matthew, a Roman Catholic clergyman, of Ireland, who. 'came to this country and did a great work, 'and returned to try and save his own countrymen. John B. Gough, Dr. Reynolds, and Francis Murphy, have won great names in this cause. These leaders found their fields of labor in the large cities, almost exclusively. But the enemy permeated society éverywhere. Intoxicants were, and are, among the staples of supply - in the store, in the newssettlement, kept as a '' good morning' to the early customer, and a '' good night" to departing friends ; and in the household, on the side-board, in many parts of our land, glasses, sugar, spoons, '' Tansy Bitters,"' and plain whisky, free for all; no caste here! And, with such a glow of hospitality surrounding it, to refrain from joining in a social glass was, and i is, almost impossible.

any man engaged in the manufacture of alcohol. I believe that from time to time it issues from the coiled and poisonous worm in the distillery, until it empties into the hell of death, dishonor andcrime, that demoralizes everybody that touches it, from its source to where itends. Ido not believe anybody can contemplate the object without becoming prejudiced against that liquor crime. AJ] we have to' do. 'eentlemen, is to think of the wrecks on either bank of the stream of death, of the suicides, of the insanity, of the poverty, the children tugging at the faded and ihe ed houses, of the asylums, of the prisons, of the scaffolds upon either bank, I do not wonder that every thoughtful man is prejudiced against this damned stuff that is called alcohol. "'Intemperance cuts down youth in its vigor, manhood in its strength, and age in its weakness. It breaks the father's heart, bereaves the doting mother, extinguishes natural affections. erases conjugal love, blots out filial attachments, blights parental hope, and brings down mourning age in sorrow to the grave. It produces weakness, not strength ; sickness, not health; death. not lite. It makes wives, widows; children, orphans ; fathers, fiends; and all of them paupers and beggars. It feeds rheumatism, nurses gout, welcomes epidemics, invites cholera, imports pestilence, and embraces consumption. - It covers the land with idleness, misery and crime. It fills your jails, supplies your almshouses, and demands your asylums. It engenders controversies, fosters quarrels, and cherishes riots. It crowds penitentiaries, and furnishes victims to your scaffolds. It is the life blood of the gambler, the element of the burglar, the prop of the highwayman, and the support of the midnight incendiary. It countenances the liar, respects the thief, esteems the blasphemer. It violates obligations, reverences fraud and honors infamy. It defames benevolence, hates love, scdrns virtue, and slanders innocence. It incites the father to butcher his helpless offspring, helps the husband to massacre his wife, and the child to grind the parricidal ax. It burns up men, consumes women, detests lite, curses God and despises heaven. It suborns witnesses, nurses perjury, defiles the jury box and strains the judicial It degrades: the citizen, debases the legislature, dishonors the statesman and disarms the patriot. It brings shame, not honor; despair, not hope; and with the malévolence of a fiend, it calmly surveys its frighttul desolation, and, unsatiated with havoc, it poisons felicity, kills peace, ruins morals, blights confidence, then curses the world and laughs at its ruin. It does all that and more - it murders the soul. It is the: sum of all villainies, the father of all crimes, the mother of abombinations, the devil's worst enemy."

Horrors like these thrilled the settlers of this valley, half a century ago, and, accordingly, **on the 15th of November, 1830, a meeting was held in (a Methodist meeting House) Putnam, for the purpose of forming a temperance society.

** Every person who subscribes to this Constitution is a member of this Association, and covenants to perpetually abstain strictly from ardent

Also, not to present it, either to visitors, customers or laborers, except as_a medicine; not to be directly nor indirectly concerned in the manufacture or sale of ardent spirits, except so far as he shall be convinced that they are intended for medicinal purposes or the arts.

December 6th, 1850, the number of signers to this Constitution was eight hundred and thirteen. April 18, 1853, this society was merged into ''the Temperance Alliance,' with the following officers :

The result of the work in the cause of temperance, was a waning in the use and sale of intoxicating drinks, until it is said, that, long after the suspension of the society, no place could be found where intoxicants were publicly sold. It was a great victory, and the feeling of security took possession - they rested. Horace tells us, '' Aliguando bonus dormitat Homerus'' - ''Sometimes even the good Homer nods." The workers nodded - until fast asleep, and dreamed of safety; and when the the enemy, King Alcohol, in possession of the fort. He had marshaled his forces, and announced his programme (the old one), and, strange to relate, some who had helped to rout him aforetime, were now seen bowing low and crying, ''All hail!"