Zanesville, Ohio - The Annexation Of Putnam To (part 5 of 8)

And no defined effort was renewed until the crusade began in Zanesville, March 2d, 1874, when it was declared that the time had come for action, and to those who had endured for years the misery which drunkenness brings to the household, there seemed the faint glimmering of a coming day of deliverance. The first to move in this matter, was Mrs. D. C. Smith, who sent a notice to the daily papers that there would be a meeting of the friends of temperance, at. the Second street M. E. Church, at two o'clock, P. M., the next day. There was a good attendance. Mrs. Sarah Hazlett was chosen President, and Mrs. D. C. Smith Secretary. The meeting was purely devotional. The next day, the Women's League was temporarily organized; Mrs. S. 'Hazlett was elected President, and the wives of the clergy of the city as Vice-Presidents; Mrs. D.C. Smith, Mrs. R. H. Buel, and Mrs. S. S. Black, as Secretaries. The President and Secretary also submitted the names of nine members of the League to act as an Executive Committee, and of several gentlemen to act as an Advisory Committee. The object of the organization was stated in the following words:

''We, the women of Zanesville, feeling the need of a thorough, earnest and prayerful effort to combat the great evil of intemperance in our community, do hereby form ourselves into an organization, to be known as the ''Woman's Temperance League; and do hereby severally pledge ourselves, to use judicious and lawful means to rid the city of the curse of the liquor traffic."

Eight hundred names were subscribed to this pledge in a very short time. An effort was immediately made to secure the passage of as stringent a law against saloons as could be considered constitutional, and a petition to that effect was widely circulated. On the evening this petition was presented to the City Council, about twenty of the most prominent ladies of the city found their way to the Council chamber, and were politely received by the members of that body. They were announced by Mr. Henry Blandy as 'the ladies of the Executive Committee of the Temperance League," with a numerously signed petition to the City Council; and he moved that one of the ladies be allowed ten minutes, in which to present it; and, as he understood that parties were present 'bearing a remonstrance, that a similar courtesy- be extended to one of their number. The motion was adopted, whereupon, Mrs. L. G. Shrom advanced to the platform, and said:

''Honorable Gentlemen of the City Council - IT hold in my hand a petition, by G. L. Walker and four thousand four hundred. and seventy others, asking your honorable body to pass an ordinance to restrain and prohibit ale, beer and porter houses, and shops, and places of habitual resort for tippling and intemperance. In presenting this petition to this body, assembled in council, I represent no ring, nor plead in behalf of any political party. Coming in the cause of | common humanity, and believing the basis of common liberty to be founded on domestic peace and prosperity, we ask the passage of this ordinance, that it may remove the numberless temptations that beset the paths of business men, both young and old. As women, we don't plead law, nor money, but for that which is within your power as a law-making body, viz.: The protection of our domestic peace. We have endured the sorrows of our homes, until the places of our habitations are desolate and darkened by the evil effects of strong drink. We are a home people, and our quiet lives please us best; but, coming upon us like a besom of death, is the 'destruction that wasteth at noonday, and we cannot stay at home any longer. Willing to endure and toil, and the most of us children: of care, we shrink not from doing whatever the Infinite Wisdom lays upon us. But that is enough. The burden has become intolerable by-the additions which men have put upon us, and yet have lifted not so much as a finger to help us bear the load.

''In opposition to our plea, men array money and law; but with little logic, and less policy. Womanly common sense tells-us that the priceless stores of our common country have not been exhausted, nor do we shut the door of the treasure house which God's beneficent hand has filled, when we ask the closing of tippling shops."

Mr. H. L. Korte, of the firm of Korte & Achauer, attorneys for the Liquor Dealers' Association, then arose, upon invitation,.took the President's stand, and, in substance, spoke «as follows;

'*Mr. President, and Gentlemen of this Honorable Body - We return our thanks to you for allowing us ten minutes, in which +o be heard, for, in these exciting ttmes, we can be thankful to be heard at all. Yes, Mr. President, we are thankful for this favor, small as it may be, and I will endeavor, in the few minutes allotted, to bring to the notice of this honorable body the most important questions for consideration. What more laws do you want for temperance than you now have? You have the Statutes, that prescribe and make it an offence to drink intoxicating liquors on the premises where sold, and the penalty where the law is violated. All that is needed is an execution of the same. But what is asked of you here to-night? To pass an ordinance prohibiting the sale of beer and wine, and the closing up of all ale, beer and porter houses. Now, if passed, what will be the result? Will, or will it not interfere with the growth and welfare of this city? That is the important question for. vou to consider, and a vital one. Beer was inintroduced by the Germans, and, as a habit and custom, established in this city years ago, and during all this time our city has grown and prospered. Let us review, for a few minutes, the vast amount of property at stake, and see whether it will be for the interest of the city to pass the ordinance."

'* How will che passage of this ordinance affect this class? Jt certainly cannot be otherwise than ruinous. I entreat you to carefully consider your steps, lest the same despotism that has driven them from their mother country, compel them to turn their backs upon this town. Already has work ceased upon two or three buildings in erec- tion, to await the action of your honorable body upon this measure. Yes, Mr. President, I join in with the prayer of my fair opponent, that the Lord may look down upon this body, to enlighten their hearts, that they may be enabled to do justice. A petition has been presented, said to contain 4,470 names. We all know, Mr. President, it to be a fact, that all of the persons whose names appear on that petition, have not signed it, nor did they ever intend that their names should so appear. We have here a remonstrance, Mr. President, which we respe tfully submit. I do not know how manv +ames appear there, nor can I vouch that every marie thereon has been signed by the person whose name is written down. Nor does it matter, Mr. President, as the number of petitioners, in a case of this kind, signifies nothing ; any petition can be filled, if required. I will read the heading of the remonstrance:

'We, the undersigned, citizens and tax-payers of Zanesville, respectfully remonstrate and protest against the passage of any ordinance, by your honorable body, interfering with the present laws regulating the manufacture and sale of malt and other liquors. We regard it as impolitic, in your honorable body, to take action, at the present time, as a hasty step on your part would

'"'Gentlemen of the Council, I leave this matter with you, but I beseech you not to be too hasty, as it mav work great injury and injustice to the community at large. Whatever you do, consider well. I thank you for the kind attention paid tome. I hope you will do justice, regard-

-to the Committee on Laws an i Ordinances. Carried. Mr. Korte said that he ha mitted to present a series of resolutions, adov.ed at a citizens'

'«In reply to the gentleman who has just spoken, I would say, that, of the $50,000,000 revenue liquor yields to the Nation's treasury, he knows it has taken out dollar for dollar - even more - for the payment of expenses it incurs, to say nothing of the desolated homes and broken

"Of the German citizens, whose customs we trample in the beer ordinance, I would say: The stolid, muscular nature of the German is unmoved by beer ; but to the nervous American, 'tis the match that lights an uncontrollable desire, that shakes every fibre of his manhood, and whisky i is the one thing he demands.

would drive from our midst our German friends, and he rates far less than we do, the financiering ability of those he is seeking to "defend. When, from the teeming multitudes of Germany, we saw coming to us her hardy sons of toil, we were glad, and made them welcome, for, Athid the excitable masses of American citizens, we néed this element, and men whose fathers, for thirty long, weary years, withstood, with unwavering manhood, the dark intrigues of Phillip, of Spain, and the snares of the Dukes of Guise, are those whose love of beer is less than liberty, and who would scorn making America a second Germany."

''For the last fourteen years I have been a member of the City Council, and have passed through many exciting scenes, but have never witnessed such a demonstration as this: Why is this, my friends? Why these ladies here! Why this immense crowd present? Is there something out of the usual order of things about to take place? Yes, my friends, there is something wrong, and the wronged are here to-night, to seek redress at the hands of this body. Who dies? No. The City Council? not invited this demonstration. Who, then, is responsible? I answer: These very men who remonstrate against the passage of this ordinance have violated the law, outraged justice, and are now arraigned at the bar of this Council to answer for their crime. Had they been content to have kept nothing stronger than beer, this state of things would not exist to-night. 'We are referred to the revenue the Government derives from the manufacture and sale of alcoholic liquors. Who pays the taxes, the seller or drinker? It don't take a very far-seeing man to tell where the money comes from - the poor man,

The President of the Temperance League, Mrs. Hazlett, arose and suggested that the long meter doxology be sung. Mrs. Louisa Ohl then immediately commenced -

The entire audience arose and joined in the singing. At the conclusion of the singing, the Council took a recess, to allow the cr owd to disperse, and then proceeded to other business.

About this time, the Academy of Medicine, without solicitation, passed a resolution that they would not prescribe spirituous liquors, except in cases of absolute necessity ; and twelve, out of thirteen, druggists signed the pledge. The Property Owners' Pledge, also, received some signatures, though it was not circulated as freely as it should have been.

During the first month of its existence, the League held more than twenty mass meetings, every one of which was presided over by a woman, and most of the speaking and praying was done by the women. Prominent among those who took part in the exercises, were: Mesdames, L. G. Shrom, Sarah Hazlett, Mary James (wife of the Rev. Dr. James), J. Hatcher, Thomas Durban, Sr., Maria L. Baldwin, Ellen Hazlett, Caroline Fittz, Louisa Ohl, Thomas Dare, Noah Shrigley, G. N. Guthrie, H. G. O. Cary, H. Mason, V. Bruce, A. T, Wiles, L. Wiles, Esther Silvey, S. Fulton, W. M. Herctott. 7a Sullivan, M. Churchill, R. Price, W. Price, Lab. Taylor, A. Palmer, E.S. Springer, H. B. Taylor, D. Applegate, H. Buel, S. S. Black. 'OF D. Caldwell, R. McCann, Isabella Barron, G. W. Thompson, and Mary Durban; and Misses, Eliza Warner, Jennie Stevens, and Fannie Russell.

Mrs, Louisa Ohl was the Secretary of the Executive Committee, from the beginning of the Crusade, and it was through her executive thoroughness that so much was accomplished, in so short .a time. She was untiring in her zeal, while engaged in the work. Mrs. L. G. Shrom did most effective work on the platform. Her eloquence and logic made everything attractive that she engaged in, and her promptness and self-sacrificing devotion enthused others in the work.

She, like a few others, received this baptism of power - while resisting the tempter - talking, face to face, with saloonists. Whether this was the best method of work, was discussed in many of the meetings, but it was deemed best to carry it out. These street meetings excited antagonism in some, but struck terror to the hearts of others; some abandoned their nefari- ous business. 'To the crusaders, it was a serious undertaking ; some of them were wives and mothers, whose husbands and sons were intemperate, and not unacquainted with the haunts of vice.

On one occasion, a band called at a grocery, where intoxicants were also sold. The leader presented the pledge to the proprietor, who gruffly said: ~**No! I only sell to persons I_ know. are not in the habit of getting drunk. I doa strictly legal business, and will sign no pledge."

*«Sir, are you sure you do a strictly legal busi-. ness? You are acquainted with my husband, and know him to be a habitual drunkard; and yet, you sold him liquor, and permitted him to sit by this store three-fourths of his time: As long as he had money, he was allowed to drink and loaf here all he pleased."

At another time, a band led by Mrs. Caroline Fittz, visited a saloon on Farrier street, kept by Mrs. Catharine Riley. . They were met at the door by the proprietress, who talked boldly and loud. They, however, sang a hymn and had prayer, the services attracting quite a crowd,

State Of Ohio

Mrs. Catharine Riley, on her oath, says that Mrs. Lucy P. Shrigley, with others, did, on the 7th day of April, A.D. 1874, at said city,.to wit, on the public sidewalk, or pavement, of Farrier street, in said city, did obstruct said side walk or pavement,to the hindrance,inconvenience and damage of affiant and the public, by stopping, standing, kneeling, singing, praying and collecting a crowd on said side walk or pavement, and street, contrary to the ordinances of said city, in such cases made and provided.

Catharine 9 Riley

Mayor Brown issued a State warrant for the arrest of Mrs. L. P. Shrigley, and she appeared before his Honor, on Thursday morning, and a trial, by a jury of twelve citizens, was to take place on Friday morning. Mrs. Shrigley was discharged.

We, citizens of Zanesville, strictly obeying the law, and complying with the provisions of the late beer ordinance, would most respectfully ask of your Honor, protection against demonstrations of any kind, by any person or persons, whomsoever, in, upon, or about our premises. Street demonstrations, if constantly kept up, cannot lead otherwise but to detrimental results to the community at large.

We consider that no part of this community has a right to molest another, and we do not claim to have the right ourselves. But we do think we are entitled to some protection, and respectfully, but earnestly, request your Honor, by proclamation, to prohibit street demonstrations of any kind. As precedents, we point to the Mayor's of the cities of Cincinnati, and Cleveland. Respectfully,

GENTLEMEN : - After a careful examination of the matter submitted to me by your petition, signed by numerous citizens, I beg leave to respectfully decline complying with your request, for the following reasons :

This did not look as if 'the liquor dealers never did such a thriving business as during the crusade,' else why the petition against these demonstrations. On the contrary, many cases were succéssfully prosecuted for violation of law for selling. A. W. Train was attorney for the Women's Temperance League.

A large and enthusiastic mass meeting was held at Second Street M. E. Church, and at the usual hour the Second Street M. E. Church was crowded with an audience, filled with the temperance inspiration. Promptly at the hour appointed for the opening of the meeting, Mrs. Hazlett, the President, was at her post. She opened the meeting by reading, in a clear and distinct voice, the Fourth Chapter of Collossians. Immediately after reading thisimpressive lesson, the entire congregation joined, with feeling, in -

Prayer by Mrs. Thomas Durban. The meeting was then thrown open for speaking. Judge M.M. Granger being called out, responded, substantially, as follows:

"Tam very thankful for the privilege of addressing an audience of this character, composed, as itis, of women and men who are earnestly striving to better the condition of the world, make homes happy by driving from our midst the one thing that has caused more sorrow and suffering than any other evil that affects the earth."' The Judge then made a happy:hit upon the old Latin proverb, ''whom the God's would destroy they first make mad." He said that when this movement of the women of Zanesville first began, the saloon keepers assembled in great wrath, determined to fight to the bitter end all attempts that had for their object the overthrow of the liquor business.

'They assumed the armor, and chose their own weapons for the conflict. They undertook to make a battle-axe of figures, with which they hoped to stay the advance of the ladies. They opened the arithmetic, and began to compute the long columns of revenue ; they went to the Auditor s ofice, and raked up the taxes raised from individuals engaged in the liquor traffic, added the numbers together, and placed them before the 'public ; they told you of the amount of property owned by whisky and beer men, and, with their long columns of statistics, sought to break up the convocation of the enemy. While engaged in their computations, did they tell you all? Did they tell you how many saloons there are in Zanesville? Did they give you the number of tipplers - the number of moderate drinkers? Did they compute how many drunkards we are cursed with? Did they tell you of the crimes, sorrows, broken hearts, and misery produced by strong drink? How much precious time is wasted? No, nota word of it. Wealth is the product of labor ; time wasted is wealth destroyed. For every moment of idleness produced, money is taken from our coffers. Thus, we see, if the weapons are turned, if the beer men are pursued by arithmetic and numbers, the weapons with which they assail us, their battlements are-easily overthrown. The ladies of this place have shown wisdom in choosing their mode of operation. Already, in many of our villages, no liquor is sold ; every saloon has been closed. But what would be effectual in these small places, would not be effectual here ; public opinion in Zanesville was averse to this movement. A month ago, you could not have made me believe that our City Council would ever pass such an ordinance ; pub- lic opinion was opposed to such a measure ; but it has wonderfully changed since this movement The work is not done yet; the passage of this ordinance is nothing, without its enforcement. Public sentiment must enforce the laws, and the ladies of this place hold public sentiment in their own hands. Let the officers know that the people require the enforcement of this ordinance. Laws are not enforced when the people are against them. Our officers must be pure. We must refuse to continue in office any one opposed to the strict enforcement of the newly enacted ordinance. I heard to-day that a saloonkeeper of this place recently lost a child by death, and, while it was lying a corpse in one room, he was selling liquor to a boisterous crowd in another room, while many half-drunken men were playing cards over glasses just emptied, and to increase the crime, this all passed on Sunday, and but a week ago. This was brought to the knowledge of officers, and no measures were taken to punish these vile offenders of the law. We must make it our duty to see that the laws are enforced, and not be ashamed to make our complaints, or afraid to produce our affidavits. Then, and not till then, will the law be enforced, and the liquor-sellers compelled to obey."

The audience showed their approval of the Judge's speech by frequent applause. The venerable Bishop Springer, and others, also addressed the meeting.

After six weeks of unremitting labor, Mrs. Sarah Hazlett retired from the Presidency of the League, and was succeeded by Mrs. James (wite of Rev. Dr. James), who occupied the position until October 20th, 1874.

Very interesting meetings were held by members of the League, in Chandlersville, Uniontown, Rockville, Bridgeville, Bisombela: and in school houses elsewhere, and district temperance societies organized.

Prominent among the gentlemen who aided in these meetings, were: A. W. Train, Judge E E. Evans, Henry Blandy, D. B. Gary, Dr. James, and many of the clergy.

October 27th, Mrs. E. S. Springer -was elected President, and Mrs. L. B. Taylor, Secretary. About this time, great efforts were being made to repeal the beer ordinance, as it was called, and much excitement prevailed. Several members of the Council, who had voted for the ordinance, were induced to change their minds, and the law was repealed. The "Sunday betore the repeal took place, a mass meeting was held in the Seventh Street M. E. Church, which was addressed by Mrs. Springer, who held the unwearied attention of the vast multitude for one hour, and made one of the strongest speeches, in behalf of temperance, ever made in this city. All the members of the Council had been invited to be present ; those who were prepared to stand by the temperance cause were there, and those acting in behalf of the liquor men stayed away." nominated George N. Guthrie, as Chairman, which was adopted by acclamation. A devotional service, of great interest, was held, participated in by Rev. Mr. Peters, Mrs. Colonel Douglass, Mrs. Rebecca Law, and others.

A committee on permanent organization was appointed, consisting of Doctress Johnson, Mrs. Bruce, Mrs. Colonel Douglass, and Mr. Hatcher. The report of this committee was adopted, as follows :

On motion, acommittee to nominate Vice Presidents for each township was named, consisting of Mr. Shryock, Mr. G. Porter, Miss Eliza Warner, and Mrs. Rebecca Law. The committee made the following report:

Mrs. Ohl, from the Committee on Resolutions, reported a series of resolutions, remarkable for touching on the secret of active aid or embarrassment of temperance work, with telling force.

A general invitation to speak was responded to by ladies from Norwich, Dresden, New Concord, Cincinnati and Zanesville. Kingsbury and Rey. Dillon, also. ing officer followed with a feeling address rendered more touching from the fact that this was the first time for two months her voice had been heard in a public temperance meeting, on account of illness. The convention closed with prayer by Rev. Mr. Shrom. At the evening session, the meeting was presided over by Doctress Johnson, who delivered an able address, of which the following is an extract: .

'We bring before you to-night a few statistics, which are of a local character, and being strictly official, are pertinent to the occasion. We have within the city limits, including druggists, 108 dealers - wholesale and retail - in intoxicating liquors. Within Muskingum county there are 136 licensed dealers. [We omit the enumeration as given by townships. ]

'The ordinance, as modified, went into effect November 12th, last. For a period of thirty-two days prior to its repeal, there were nineteen arrests for drunkenness ; and in nineteen days after the repeal, there were forty-three arrests. panties past month, $162. has been received at the Revenue office - more than in the previous month. In viewof these facts, there is no danger of getting out of work, or languid, for want of something todo. In fact, the enemies of temperance are enjoying ''a season of revival'' just now. Their windows are fresh washed, and they are permitting the clear light of day to enter the dark places, which have been so carefully guarded with blinds and screens for lo these many years. The spirit of belligerency is abroad among us ; harmless telegraph poles, one of the engines of enlightened civilization, were the cause of serious difficulties - and yet men were permitted to pile barrels, one on the top of the other, until they reached the second story windows, painted in gay. colors, and labeled with choice brands of liquid fire, and who dares to lift their voice, much less their axes, against such anobstruction? As an article of merchandise, vastsums are invested and made in this trafic, and nothing so sears and deadens a man's conscience, and drags him away from his moral moorings, as the excitement of rapid money making, and by doubtful means.

''And then, the question comes, what can we do to stay this great tide of iniquity, which reaches every grade of society, and casts its dark shadow over the most sheltered firesides?

''One of the first things to be done, and which is being done, is to make the dealing in liquors disgraceful. To make every man engaged in the traffic, wholesale or retail, be he rich or poor, feel that there is a ban upon him; and every one that drinks it, that he has committed a crime. Then to create moral sentiment enough to compel Legislatures to pass laws to prohibit the manufacture of liquors, and to send men to Congress who will enact laws to prohibit the importation of alcohol in any form. This is the manner in which we must proceed, and what must be done, if we are to have any permanent reform.

*'The time has been, when, to the apothecary and the physician, alcohol was a necessity, but chemistry has made such advancement in the last twenty-five years, that many new substances have been introduced, which largely supply its place ; prominent among which are glycerine, carbolic acid, bi-sulphide of carbon, benzine, and other articles, the products of petroleum and coal. To the physician, alcohol is a convenient article, but by no means a necessity. In the laboratory of the chemist, it must continue to be employed, unless we dispense with some useful agents, but need never be seen outside of those walls.

Graham'S Popular Drug Store

Ts sterling Drug House was established by W. A. Grauam, in 1845, und since that time it has continued at the Oup STAND, under several changes of proprietorship, but always under his guiding influence. The extensive business of the House, its reputation, success and popularity for so many years, was due to the personal influence and supervision of Mr. GRAHAM, Under the present management the same honesty of purpose is being carried out. W. H. GRAHAM and Kennepy M. Baus, are young men of the best business qualifications, and are determined to maintain the reputation of the old House.

Our trade has increased so rapidly that we have been obliged to increase our stock and facilities for doing business. Everything in our store is ONES pV a Vase aopaseapaa a) Soup) aap yepa sae

And the people continue to appreciate that goods bought at Graham's Drug Store, with their label attached, is a guarantee of their being just as represented. We are now prepared to job Drugs, Paints and Oils, at BorromM PRICES, and can compete with

Spurious

There is no business offering to unscrupulous per: sons such opportunities of profit by dealing in or preparing spurious goods as the drug business, owing to the skill necessary to the source from which Drugs and Medicines are bought. It is with this view of responsibility and needed character, in order to be successful, that we 'have endeavored to use the utmost care in the se- * lection of our goods.

We can .assure our friends that we shall always endeavor to meet their confidence and patronage by selling only PURE and GENUINE GOODS, Our prices will always be

We carry Trusses of every description, and also Abdominal Supporters, Elastic Stockings, Knee Caps, Shoulder Braces for Ladies, Gents and Children.

Call And See Us Before You Buy

We guarantee to save you money on all bills of Paints bought of us. We have for sale 5Q barrels Pure Linseed Oil, 25 tons Pure White Lead, 5 tons Mineral Paints, 10 barrels Spirits Turpentine, 10 barrels No. 1 Varnish, 5 tons Pure Putty.

We wish it distinctly understood that our stock of Pure Drugs cannot be excelled by any house in this section. 'They are selected with great care, and we always have the largest assortment possible on hand. Perfumery, Toilet Articles, Fancy Articles, and everything usually kept in a FIRST-CLASS DRUG HOUSE. We are confident that an examination of our stock and prices cannot fail to convince you that by trading with us we can save you money, and, what is far better, shall be found to have given you PURE AND RELIABLE GOODs. W. H. GRAHAM & CO., 144 Matn Street,

January rst, 1875, under the direction of the President, the League began another series of Gospel Meetings and temperance work. The President opened with a powerful discourse on prayer, and its relation to the temperance work. The second evening, Mrs. V. Bruce read an able essay on Faith, which was followed by others, on the same topic. Mrs. James read an intensely interesting paper on Love, in answer to those who justify their indifference to the cause of temperance, on the ground that ''it does not touch me.'' . She asked, '' was it because sin had touched Christ that he reached down to save fallen man? Or was it not his very sinlessness

The fourth evening, Miss Virginia Stevens and Doctress A. M. Johnson, discoursed on Spiritual and Physical religion, closing the series of meetings, which will be remembered because of the deep spiritual interest that pervaded them. So deep and general was the interest that the workers resumed'their home duties, feeling that the hearts of the people were one, and could then go on the even tenor of their way without fear of molestation, only continuing their weekly meetings. And for two years there seemed no particular manifestation of interest in the subject.

When Francis Murphy attracted attention to his work in Pittsburgh, the President, Mrs. Springer, with the League, again held meetings, assisted by Rev's. H. A. Delano, O. J. Nave and W. P. Shrom, and secured the assistance of Captain Martin and Mr. John Best, two reformed men from the scene of Mr. Murphy's operations. During these meetings, many hundreds signed the '"'Murphy Pledge," and almost every reformed man has since become a member of some Christian church, and many of them are now honored citizens.

The temperance work, thenceforward, has been chiefly in the hands of a society known as Rechabites, although the Womans' Temperance League has not been formally disbanded.

18, 19, as the inception of the covenant they make: ''The words of Jonadab, the son of Rechab, that he commanded his sons not to drink wine, are performed ; for unto this day they drink none, but obey their father's commandment. * * * And Jeremiah said unto the house of the Rechabites: Thus saith the Lord of Hosts, the God of Israel: Because ye have obeyed the commandment of Jonadab, your father, and kept all his precepts, and done accorcing unto all that he hath commanded you, therefore, thus saith the Lord of Hosts, the God of Israel: Jonadab, the son of Rechab, shall not want a man to stand before me forever."

Independent Order Of Rechabites

Excreusior Trent, No. 80. - This order uses the word ''Tent,"' as synonymous with Lodge - a place of meeting, where none but the initiated may enter. This Tent was instituted in Zanesville, Ohio, March 21st, 1879, by Fred. J. Patterson, Deputy High Chief Ruler of the Independent Order of Rechabites of North America, and was the first Tent instituted in the State of Ohio.

Banner Tent, No. 111. - This Vent was instituted August 12th, 1880, by D. B. Gary, Special District Deputy of District No. 7, of Ohio. The following were the charter members :

The First Ohio District, Tent No. 7, instituted, September 11, 1879, has jurisdiction over twenty-seven counties, including Muskingum county, of which D. B. Gary, of Zanesville, is District Secretary.

This society was probably '' the wave near the shore" of the great tidal wave that swept over a large part of the country fifty 'years ago. Dr. Kingsbury, in his historical sketch of the Presbyterian Church, of that day, says: '* This church was organized during the excitement which grew out of the anti-sla*ery movement in the country, and no history would be complete which left this subject out of view ; not only because some of the founders of the church were among the originators and active promoters of the movement in this section of the State, but because, also, from the diversity of sentiment in the congregation. For many years it operated as an irritant, and rendered the duties of its pastor more difficult and embarrassing."'

On Monday evening, June 24, 1833, five men - Levi Whipple, A. G. Allen, Thomas Gurney, M. B. Cushing, and H. C. Howells - met at the residence of the latter, on the northeast corner of Van Buren street and Woodlawn avenue, to discuss the subject of slavery and oppression, witha view to attempt the organization of a society, 'on the broad principles of total emancipation, as soon as possible."" After discussion, it was agreed that each individual present should invite his friends to another meeting, which was appointed to be held on the following Saturday evening, at the office of Mr. Whipple, which stood on what isnow Muskingum avenue, between the residences of Mr. A. C. Ross and William R. Hazlett. This was with a view to the formation of a society *'for the Promotion of Freedom and Universal Rights," and a committee, consisting of Messrs. Whipple, Howells, and Allen, was appointed to dratt a constitution, to be submitted tor adoption to those who should assemble.

At- that meeting, there were present, Levi Whipple, Chairman ; John Goshen, Thomas Gurney, Horace Nye, H. C. Howells, M. B. Cushing, John Quigley, Charles Mathews, William Joiner, and A. G. Allen. The latter acted as Secretary. The committee appointed, presented a constitution, which was adopted, and signed by all save Messrs. Goshen and Mathews.

1833, in the Zanesville Presbyterian Church, where, after discussion, the constitution was amended, and the name of the organization changed to ''the Muskingum County Emancipation Society, to Promote the Abolition of Slavery and Oppressive Laws." This constitution, though not numerously signed in the city, received the signatures of two hundred and twenty persons, in various parts of the county, within a short time.

October 26th, 1833. the monthly concert of prayer for the abolition of slavery was first held at the Stone Academy, and was continued many years thereafter, meeting in the basement of this church, on the last Monday of every month.

A Bible Class for colored adults, was also formed, and subsequently a Sabbath School for colored children ; these classes afterwards entered the Presbyterian Sabbath School for whites, where they continued until the colored people were able to organize schools for themselves.

In the winter of 1834, petitions were signed here, and forwarded to the Legislature' of this State, praying for the amelioration of the condition of its colored population; particularly, that they might be permitted to give testimony in the courts, and allowed to participate in the benefits of the school fund - and to Congress, asking for the immediate abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia, and of the slave trade between the states.

About this time, Jacob Stout, a member of the society, was fined fifty dollars, for employing Mark Turner, a colored man; and taking exceptions to this decision, the society employed Messrs. Goddard and Convers in his defense.

A state convention was appointed to be held here, April 22d, 1835, and during the month previous, Theodore D. Weld came by invitation to lecture. His meetings created great opposition and excitement, and under date of April 11th, 1835, the records of the society show that a committee was appointed to confer with Richard Stillwell, Esquire, (afterwards Judge,) then prosecuting attorney of this county, in relation to the disturbances of these meetings, with a view to secure means for their prevention. During the convention, bands of riotous persons, encouraged by more respectable, but more guilty men, crossed the river, disturbed its sessions, defaced the Academy where they were held, insulted ladies who had been in attendance, and succeeded in breaking up the convention. They threatened to burn the dwellings of Major Nye, Mr. Howells and Mr. A. A. Guthrie, which for some time had to be guarded by their friends, there being no municipal government here at that time.

The State Anti-Slavery Society assembled here the last of May, 1839. By this time the feeling of hostility against the triends of emancipation had measurably subsided. The announcement of the contemplated meeting, however, kindled anew the slumbering fires of opposition, and inflammatory documents were issued, among them a hand bill, captioned the **Resurrection of

Abolitionists in Putnam." It was filled with the bitterest invectives, and was calculated to excite the worst passions of the human heart. It had its legitimate effect; evil minded persons began to prowl around the village during the sittings of the convention, and on the night of its adjournment, fired the barn of Mr. Adam France, because he had stabled the horses of. delegates, and the succeeding night, burned the barn of Mr. Whipple, for the same reason. One of these rioters, Mike Casey, was arrested and convicted, but while being taken to the jail, was rescued on the lower bridge by an armed band of his associates and taken in triumph to Zanesville.

The appearance of this party and their report of proceedings, caused the crowd, already gathered, to rush down Third street and through the bridge, threatening to burn the village. At the western . entrance of the bridge, however, they encountered the Mayor of Putnam, Mr. Z. M. Chandler, with an armed police, and. were warned that if they attempted to advance further, it would be at their peril. After parleying awhile, they slowly retreated, with bitter curses on the abolition town. This assualt led, at the instance of Mr. R. N. Dunlap, to the organization of the '*Putnam Greys,'' a military company, which,

The citizens of Putnam who differed from the emancipationists, mainly inthe manner and time of accomplishing their ends, united in defending their village, chiefly, of course, on the ground of self preservation, but also on account of their sympathy with the cause of right.

_of the Presbyterian Church, in May, 1838. In this, the Synod of Ohio, was necessarily involved, and its members became two hostile bands, not as itis claimed, because of errors in doctrine, but on secular grounds. '' Although the same diversity among brethren, as to the mode of stating and explaining particular doctrines of the confession, continued in the two bodies. Some, who had been regarded as extreme ''New Measure" men, went with the Old School party, while some who were extreme Calvinists, remained in the New School connection.

St. Nicholas Association

This society was organized in October, 1854. The object is mutual benefit ; in case of sickness, the sum of three dollars per week is paid for the benefit of the suffering, and in case of death, the sum of twenty-five dollars is appropriated to defray funeral expenses, and if there be a widow and child, or children, an assessment of one. dollar per member is made for the benefit of the bereaved.

'CA meeting of the old citizens of Muskingum county was held at the office of Sheriff Benjamin F. Leslie, and organized by electing John Peters, President, and L. H. Dugan, Secretary.

"On motion, the President appointed Benjamin F. Leslie, A. C. Ross, and L. H. Dugan, a committee to report a Constitution and By- Laws, for the government of an association of old citizens of Muskingum county, and to call the next meeting of the same.

''Pursuant to the published call here cited, a meeting of old citizens of Muskingum county was held at Odd Fellows' Hall, in Zanesville, on Friday, August 30th, 1867. A Constitution and By-Laws were adopted, and the Association adjourned, to meet on Friday, September 13th, 1867, at two o'clock, Pp. M., at Odd Fellows' Hall, for the election of officers.

'¢PREAMBLE - Whereas, It is desired to bring together the few early emigrant settlers of the Muskingum Valley, yet among us, within the boundary of Muskingum county, State of. Ohio ; also, those born within the limits, prior to the ar A.D. 1825; and to obtain from them such information relative to the early settlement of Zanesville and Muskingum county as may be to meet at stated periods, and hold social converse, renew the friendship of the past, and bring up recollections of persons and scenes long since gone."

A meeting of the Association was held, at Odd Fellows' Hall, Zanesville, pursuant to notice, September 13, 1867. In the absence of the Chairman of the former meeting, L. H. Dugan called the meeting to order.

'¢'MuskincuM County PIONEER: ASSOCIATION. - A meeting of the members of the Muskingum County Pioneer Association was held, at Odd Fellows' Hall, Friday afternoon, commencing at two o'clock, and was organized with A. A. Guthrie, Esq.,.Chairman, and L. H. Dugan, Esq., Secretary.

''The minutes of the last meeting were read and approved. An election for permanent officers was then had. The following gentlemen were elected officers of the Association, for the year closing May 1, 1868:

''On motion, it was resolved that ladies desiring to become members are permitted to become such without paying the membership fee, and, also, all such persons, otherwise qualified, who are unable to pay it; and it was ordered that the by-laws be amended, to that effect.

''On motion, it was ordered, that the following persons should be entitled to honorary membership, upon their signing the Constitution: Judge Sherwood, of New York, C. B. Flood, Alva Buckingham, and George W. Cass.

'*We cannot let this occasion pass, without adding our mite, to create and sustain the Association, whose proceedings are narrated above. A very few years, and the last one of the pioneers of this county will have passed away, and with them, the recollections of the hardships and other incidents connected with the early settlement of our beautiful valley. It is, therefore, incumbent upon those who remain to cherish these recollections, to collect them in suitable form for preservation, and to transmit to their successors on the stage, an epitome, at least, of the scenes and transactions of the pioneer era."'

"The Pioneer Association of Muskingum county, having been lately organized, and in successful operation, in this place, and, supposing you might be able to-contribute something in aid of its objects, we take the liberty to ask your co-operation. _

"We wish to obtain any and all interesting information connected with the early settlements of the county; the names and history of the first settlers, whence they emigrated, when and where they first settled, whether now living, or when died, their structures and improvements ; a history of the first house built in your township, and first clearing; the oldest structure now standing; the first mill built, or other machinery. Any other information, connected with the early settlement of the county, which you might deem interesting, or worthy of preservation, will be gratefully received. Should you be in possession of any relics, or memorials of interesting events, which you might be disposed to present to the Association, they would be thankfully accepted.

At a meeting held 'November 16, 1867, a communication from Isaac Smucker, Secrétary of Licking County Pioneer Association, was received - the thanks of the Muskingum Association presented to Mr. Smucker, and the article placed in the hands of the Publication Committee, consisting of J. Greiner and Dr. A. H. Brown, appointed at this meeting. The President then read an address to the meeting.

This is the last meeting recorded, and we are left to conjecture the career of the Society, having only tradition to say that many valuable papers were gathered, but that owing to the illhealth of Dr. Brown, they were never prepared for publication, and, it is suspected, were conveyed to the paper mill, by some one whose greed for pelf was greater than his desire for reminiscences, however thrilling and instructive.

The objects of this association are now well known; however, they were stated to be, ''the intellectual and moral improvement of the young men of Zanesville, and vicinity, and the promotion of evangelical religion; to seek out the voung men of the city and bring them under moral and religious influences, by introducing them to the members and privileges of the association, and securing their attendance at some place of worship, on Sabbath, and aiding such as may need it in securing suitable boarding places and employment; also, to provide an attractive place of resort for social purposes, a reading room, library, lectures, and other agencies which are not contr ary to the teachings of the Bible, and to use all practical means for increasing its membership, activity and usefulness.

This association was formally organized on the 11th day of November, 1867; A. A. Guthrie was elected President. Mr. Guthrie was an active worker, a sage counsellor, and earnest triend of the association, and continued to serve the society in this capacity until physically disabled. His suceessors in the office of President were: Dr. T.A. Reamy, E. L. Kemp, H: G. O. errs (who served five terms), E. R. Sulli- 4 van, J. D. Warner, Rev. R. S. James, T. F. Spangler, elt M. Bronson, L. M. Gray, Samuel W. Clark, and Robert Fulton.

Main street, are pleasant and conveniently located, and have been kept open, and made attractive by supplying the best periodicals and papers of the day; they also contain a library of 250volumes. During several years, the average number of readers per month was over 1,000; most of these were young men, and lads, who would otherwise have sought their recreation on the streets, orin places of doubtful character.

Daily Prayer Meeting. - During most of these years, a daily prayer meeting has been sustained at the association rooms ; also a Union Prayer Meeting, on Sabbath afternoons, and cottage meetings, in the various parts of the city.

Their Workers at the County Infirmary and Jail. - Meetings have been held at the Infirmary by delegations from the association; the jail is visited every Sabbath, religious services held, and papers distributed tothe inmates. The Sabbath School at the ''McIntire Children's Home," has been admirably conducted by Mr. J. D. Warner.

In 1874, the association united with friends of the Sabbath School work, in the Sixth Ward, in erecting a neat and attractive building, in which a large and flourishing Sabbath School has been held weekly, to the present time. This part of the city was previously unsupplied with a house for public worship and Sabbath School purposes.

Many objects of charity have been relieved by the association; homeless wanderers furnished with food or lodging, railroad passes procured, employment secured, and clothing furnished, through the agency of this association, and kindred associations in other parts of America.

In connection with this association is the Christion Association Sewing Mission. This ''labor of love" was inaugurated in March, 1869, by Rev. Mr. . Mitchell, of South Street Church, Mrs. Mitchell, Mrs. Van Buren, Miss Flood, Miss Helen Purcell, Mrs. John Bowman, with several members of the association. They met in the rooms of the association, and considered measures for the improvement of the little girls, growing up under the influence of immoral and ignorant parents, and it was decided to gather them into a sewing school, under the auspices of the Young Men's Christian Association. Whereupon, a committee of ladies was appointed to visit all parts of the city, seek out, and, as far as possible, secure the attendance of this class of irls. . The school was opened the last Saturday in March, 1869, in the South Street M. E. Chapel, when a class of nine little girls, who had been taught the preceding winter, atthe house of Mrs. Van Buren, was united with the newly gathered

The object of this Mission is '' to promote the religious, moral, and temporal welfare of children; especially to teach them sewing, and the cutting and preparation of garments,in an economical manner."

A distinct aim of the school has been to awaken in the children self-respect, and a desire to help themselves. A solid basis for pure and honest lives has been laid in Scripture lessons, and verses memorized at each meeting. Improvement insewing, in cleanliness, and orderly habits, has, in most cases, been very rapid.

The average yearly enrollment has been one hundred and forty; the attendance during the winter months has been from fifty to one hundred and twenty. Many of the pupils, as they have arrived ata suitable age, have secured good situations, and a marked improvemert has taken place in the children's homes.

The school has completed eleven years of labor, with much profit, under the superintendence of Mrs. Cary, supported by the faithful teachers: Misses - H. Purcell Early, - - Wilmot, Cora Hubbell, Bessie Guthrie, Carrie Beaumont, E. Thompson, Lucy Hazlett, Mrs. Chas. Abbott, Stenger, Ellen Hazlett, Allen and B. F. Hersh.

The Y. M. C. A., is the churches' mission to young men. It is steadily growing in numbers and increasing in strength. Its purpose is becoming better defined and better understood. Like other children, it has had to pass through

Building Associations

_ Muskingum Buiipine Assocrarion. - This Association was incorporated November 2!st, 1872. The stock consisted of twenty-five hundred shares, at two hundred dollars each. The organization took place December 2oth, 1872.

Saturday, as dues. The Constitution provides that each share-holder shall be entitled to a loan oftwo hundred dollars for each share held by him. These loans are made by a public sale of money on the last Saturday of each month, at the office of the association. The persons bidding the highest premium take precedence in receiving the loans, paying, monthly, six per cent. per annum. 'There are also fines for neglect to pay the weekly dues for more than four weeks.

The, profits to the association arise by reason of the premium, bid for loans, interest on money loaned, fines and fees for transferring stock on the books of the association. The total of these items, after deducting the current expenses, is

Whenever the assets of the association are sufficient to pay such share-holder two hundred dollars for each share of stock he may own, this association shall be dissolved.

THe McIntire Bur~pinc ASSOCIATION was incorporated June 22d, 1877. The formal organization was affected July 30th, 1877, and the following Directors elected: Alex. Grant, F. J. L. Blandy, Thomas Griffith, Daniel Applegate, Thomas Lindsay, John W. Conrad, R. B. Brown, Henry L. Korte and Chas. W. Fletcher.

The stock consists of two thousand shares, at fifteen dollars each. The minor details of the working, and the object of the Association, are similar to those of. the Muskingum Association.

Tue Union Burtpinc Company, OF ZANESVILLE, Ou1o. - This was incorporated March 5th, 1880. The shares of stock are twenty-five' hundred, at one hundred dollars each. The mode of working and the object, the same as those above enumerated.

In March, 1878, a call appeared in the dailies of Zanesville, for a meeting of the ladies of the city, to consider how benevolent work might be carried on among the worthy poor of the city. A meeting was held in the rooms of the Young Men's Christian Association, when two plans were offered for consideration; one known as the Germantown plan, and the other that in use in Columbus. After the usual forms of temporary organization had been observed, and the two plans carefully compared, it was decided to follow, in substance, the Columbus plan, adjusted to suit and meet the demands of the Society, according to the Constitution adopted.

Subsequently, two managers from each ward were appointed. whose duties were defined, to visit the poor of their respective districts, and as tar as possible relieve their necessities.

As a beginning of greater things, the Secretary gave the society two hundred dollars toward a permanent fund. Smaller sums have been added, until the fund now reaches about $300.

A room' in the market house building was placed at the service of the society, by the City Council, and was furnished by its members. At a meeting, held August 4th, 1878, a committee was appointed for obtaining means fox a hospital. About this time, the yellow fever fatality, in the Mississippi Valley, attracted the attention of the society, and it was deemed expedient to turn their attention to wantsin thatregion. Through its efforts, in harmony with municipal enterprise, some rapid and acceptable work was done. Supplies, including delicacies acceptable to sick and conyalescing, were sent in abundance to Vicksburg and Holly Springs, Mississippi.

In 1878, the hospital committee, consisting of Mrs. y. J. Maginnis, Miss Lucy Hazlett, and Mrs. W. P. Shrom, conferred with a committee from the City Council. to consider the prospect of obtaining aid in this behalf from the public fund, arguing 'that, as the object was for public benefit, it woiild seem legitimate for the city to aid the cause. Nothing was accomplished, however, and wishes and the use of a room, 'where the society opened a soup room, and issued many a little pail of nutritious and palatable food to those who would have suffered without this help during the winters, when the demand for work was small. The little pails sent out from the society rooms were esteemed acceptable gifts to many an humble board. The food materials were gifts from our generous-hearted merchants, and the labor of preparing it was performed by the ward managers, As trade revived, and spring came, with ts demand for labor, the applications for food ceased, thus showing that those who had received it were worthy, for, as soon as they could help themselves, they did so, and, in consequence, the soup room closed.

October 2, 1878, the society was shocked by the sudden death of Miss Hazlett. This was a great loss, for to this estimable lady, more than to any other person, was due the project of the society, and much of its earlier work was the result of her own suggestion and planning. The society was sadly bereaved, and paintully realized that, in Miss Hazlett, had passed away one of their most devoted members. And ere the society had realized that death is no respecter of persons, it was again shocked in the death of another most valuable and earnest member, Mrs. Lucy Hadley McCann.* This sad event occurred the 2d of October, 1879. Of such the world is indeed unworthy ; and yet, we hear their grandest eulogy, as the refrain comes back, ''Servant of God, well done.'

The work has been done tor the love of it, and hence, the needy have had the full benetit of the money received, and no logic or rhetoric is needed to show that it is a noble work, nobly done ; that it speaks in unmistakable terms of the generosity of the good people ot Zanesville ; and it is safe to conclude that the vicissitudes that beset the poor here, as elsewhere. will be met in the future, as in the past.

St. Joseph Society

The object of the society is beneticial to' its members, to whom, during sickness, the sum of three dollars per week is paid, andin case of death, the sum of twenty-five dollars is appropriated for funeral expenses. An assessment is then made of one dollar per member, tor the benefit of the widow and children, if there be any such persons.

Zanesville Atheneum

This is the crowning result of many an earnest effort. The inception may be traced back to a meeting, held December 1gth, 1827, intended for the formation of a reading society, over which Alexander Harper presided, and Alfred Martin acted as Secretary. At this meeting, on motion of C. B. Goddard, a committee was appointed to draft articles of association. The President appointed Richard Stillwell, Allen Cadwallader, and C. B. Goddard, who reported as follows:

Articles Of Association

ArT. 2. The society shall meet at their reading room, on the evening of the third Monday in January, of each year, at six o'clock, Pp. M., for the transaction of business, and the election of officers.

Art. 3. The officers of the society shall be a President, Secretary, Treasurer, and five Directors, who shall hold office one year, and until their successors are elected. The President shall also be one of the Board of Directors.

Art. 5. The Directors shall determine what reviews, magazines, newspapers, and books shall be subscribed for. and purchased, contract for a room, and report annually to the society.

Arr. 6. The society reserves the power to instruct the Directors to subscribe for or purchase any particular work, and to direct the discontinuance of any.

Art. 8. The Treasurer shall collect the subscriptions during the first week in January of each year. He shall conduct the correspondence of the society, remit money, and keep an accurate account of the receipts and expenditures, an exhibit of which he shall make at their annual meetings.

ArT. of this society by the payment of five dollars ($5.00) annually ; and any member wishing to discontinue his subscription, must give notice in writing to the Secretary, at least thirty days before the expiration of the year, and any member remaining in default for thirty days, may be dismissed by the Directors.

Arr. 10. Any subscriber shall have the privilege of introducing any member of his tamily between the ages of 'four teen and twenty-one years, upon paying the sum of two dollars ($2.00) for ander Harper, Charles B. Goddard, Richard Stillwell, A. Cadwallader, William A. Adams, Bernard Van Horne, Alfred Martin, James V. Cushing, and their associates be, and they are hereby created and declared a body, corporate and politic, by the name of ''The Zanesville Atheneum ;" and by that name, shall have perpetual succession ; be capable of suing and being sued ; pleading,and being impleaded.; may havea common seal, and may alter the same at pleasure.

Sec. 2. That the said corporation may purchase, receive, hold, and convey any estate, real, personal, or mixed; provided that the clear income of such estate shall not exceed the sum of two thousand dollars; and, provided also, that no part of the stock of said corporation, or property owned by it, shall at any time be used, or employed, for banking purposes, in any manner whatsoever,or for any other than literary purposes - the purchase of books, maps, charts, pamphlets and newspapers, the building necessary to contain the same, and the necessary expenses of the institution.

Srec. 3. That the members of the said corporation may, from time to time, elect such officers aS may a deemed necessary, and make bylaws necessary for the institution; and may annex to the same, reasonable pecuniary fines and penalties for the breach thereof. Provided, that said by-laws be not repugnant to the constitution and laws of the United States, nor of this State.

Samuel Wheeler

Edinburg Review, London Quarterly, North American, American Quarterly, Silliman's Journal, Littell's Museum, National Intelligencer, National Gazette, United States Telegraph, New York Engineer, Louisiana Weekly Advocate, Richmond Whig, Charleston Courier, Marylander, Littell's Religious Magazine; and, on the 4th of March following, the Southern Review, New York American, and Boston Bulletin, were added.

The society, through a committee appointed for that purpose, procured a lease of a portion of ground, since occupied by the Court House ; the lease was dated, February 6, 1830, and is recorded on page 326, Book 'N," Muskingum County Records. According tothe terms of said lease, ''the society shall have the use of the Jot named, for the term of one thousand years, at an annual rent of one cent per annum, if demanded by the Commissioners.

March 10, 1830, the Atheneum Building Committee accepted the bid of John Wilson, for the erection of a suitable brick building, upon the property leased, as aforesaid. The building was erected at a cost of about $3,500, and was occupied by the society until the site was deemed desirable for Court House grounds, and which, after due consideration, the society transferred back to the County Commissioners for the consideration of $6,575, to the society paid by the said Commissioners, that the grounds might be occupied by 'the old 180g Court House ;'' and the Atheneum Association purchased and moved into the premises now occupied by them, for the sum of $6,200.

The income of the Atheneum is one thousand dollars annually from the administrators of the McIntire estate ; three hundred and thirty dollars ($330.) from rents, and five dollars per annum from each stockholder, at present about thirty, making one hundred and fifty dollars. Total revenue, fourteen hundred and eighty dollars.

Stockholders - C. H. Abbot, J. B. Allen, D. Applegate, A. Ball, J. P. Barton, J. Burgess, Z. Mes'Chandlers4S-o Clark? "Hs Eliiott;> Ce Hy: Gattrell, T. M. Gattrell, J. Gilbert, C. C. Goddard, W. A. Graham, M. M. Granger, R. S. Granger, C. C. Hildreth, C. H. Jones, J. W. King, L. P. Marsh, E. Mathews, Mrs. A. Merrick, J. O'Neil, G. Printz, A. C. Ross, F. A. Seborn, H. Stanbery, J. R. Stonesipher, T. B. Townsend, and the McIntire administrators.

Chapter Xx Telegraph And Telephone

CHAPTER XX. TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE. ELectTric TELEGRAPH - BrigeF ResumE. - Experiments in electricity, having more or less bearing upon its practical use in telegraph communication were made by Winckler, at Leipsic, 1746;

Lornord, in 1784; Betancour, at Madrid, 1798: Galvani's discovery of '' Galvanism," at Bolonga, 1791; Prof. Volta's '+ Voltaic Battery," at Pavia, 1801; Soemmerring, at Munich, 1807: The practical use of Galvanism in telegraphs. as prophesied by John Redman Coxe ot Philadelphia, in ai6. Great advance made by Prof. Oersted, at Copenhagen, in 1819. The Electromagnetic agency first fully developed and applied by Prof. Morse, 1832, patented 1840. The first telegraph by this agency in the United States. was between Washington and Baltimore, in 1844. Cooke & Wheatstone's patent in England, 1840. Bain's patent in England, first 1842: applied in United States, 1849. House's in 1848.

ercised supervision over it for some time longer. The mode of operating at that time, was known as the Register, which was reading telegraph characters inscribed on ribbons of paper that were made to pass beneath a lead pencil, operated by electricity. This mode continued in use until about 1855, when the present mode of operating by sound began to be used. The mode by register is very rarely used now. In those days, the business was small, and one man did the operating, delivered messages and repaired the line, when it was needed: Now, the business requires three operators, two messengers and a man to do the repairing. In those days, from twenty-four to thirty-six hours were required to exchange messages with parties in New York; now the time required is from fifteen to thirty minutes. Then, two wires did the duty for this entire section of country ; now it takes from sixty to sixty-five wires. Then, from five hundred to six hundred words of press matter per day, was a long report; now the average is three thousand 'words.

The last named gentleman has served continuously since the date of his appointment, and is still in the harness, as managing operator, held in high esteem by the company, and the people.

In 1860, the company was again changed, and has ever since been known as the Western Union Telegraph Company. The territory worked is the same, with some additions.

TELEPHONE Company. - The telephone was introduced by R. A. Cunningham and M. W. Manstield. 'The first instrument was put up June 16, 1879, and the central office was located in the Maginnis Block. over the Post Office. The enterprise started with forty subscribers, and was at once so manifestly advantageous that without further solicitation the list was soon increased to one hundred and seventy, and connections were made with all the schools, business houses, and a large number of private residences.

The Zanesville Telephone Company organized with a capital of $20,000. The charter is dated November 11th, 1880; the incorporators: Martin W. Mansfield, Robert A. Cunningham, -Thomas W. Gattrell, Thomas Griffith and W. A. Graham. The company determined to build telegraph lines to the surrounding towns, and on putting wires on poles, and giving each subscriber his own wire to the central office. The old telephone exchange was sold to the new company, January 1, 1881, and the Magneto systern adopted, and connection made with the Western Union Telegraph office, so that sub- to any place where an instrument is stationed, to any point reached by telegraph. Under the new system, there are about ninety subscribers, and about one hundred miles of wire. Subscribers rates are about $40 per year. 5

In June, 1881, the stock of the company was purchased by E. M. Barton, and others, of Chicago. These parties are purchasing a large number of exchanges, in order to connect with trunk lines; and it is deemed among the probabilities that ere two more annual cycles have been made, conversation by telephone may be carried.on, within a radius of a thousand miles.

Elections Of The

April 7, 1851 - Mayor, Wm. Shultz. Councilmen - William Galigher, Mark Loudan, J. T. Fracker, Jr., Joseph Galigher, John Coleman, F. B. Abbott, John McBride, S. R. Hosmer, Henry Blandy, Samuel Clark, and John Woods. Justice of the Peace, John Harrison ; Supervisor, Peter Sockman. School Directors, Alex. Sullivan and Jacob Glessner. Constables, Benjamin Spangler and William Jennings.

April 5, 1852 - Mayor, Wm. Shultz. Councilmen - George A. Jones, Lewis Brenholts, Elias Ebert, Thomas Davidson, Joseph Galigher, John Closman, William Ruth, Hamilton Robertson,.S. R. Hosmer, G. Wynkoop, J. M. James and E. L. Grisby. Justice of the Peace, F. A. Seborn. Supervisor, P. Sockman. Constables, Bb. Spangler and William Jennings. School Director, George L. Shinnick.

April 4, 1853 - Mayor, D. J. Culbertson. Councilmen - Mark Loudan, John Coleman, William Ruth and William Fox. City Solicitor, A. P. Blocksom. City Treasurer, Adam Peters. Marshal. James Campbell. Trustee of

Sty 4 i Water Works, A. J. Printz. Constables, William | A. J. Printz, S.R. Hosmer, Daniel Hatton. City Jennings and Benjamin Spangler. School | Clerk, Thomas Halpin. Treasurer, D.C. Con-

April 3, 1854 - Justices of the Peace - H. N. Thompson, Samuel Chapman. Councilmen, | Mark Loudan. John Coleman, William Ruth, William Fox. Treasurer, Adam _ Peters. Marshal. James Campbell. Constables, Benja- -' min Spangler, William Jennings. Trustee of | Water Works, Thomas Griffith. Assessors - E. | A. Abbott, E. H. Gibbons, L. Mohler, Lewis |

April 7, 1856 - Justices of the' Peace - C. W. Buckmaster, James Mills. Councilmen - A. J. Printz, William Ruth, Jonathan Swank. Treasurer, John Metcalf. Marshal, William M. Laughlin. Constables - Benj. Spangler, E. S. Dodd. Trustee of Water Works, A. J. Hahn. Assessors - Elijah Sullivan, William Wright, G. W. Ritze, Lewis Grigsby. Supervisor, Peter Sockman.

April 6, 1857 - Mayor, E. L. Grigsby. Marshal, William M. Laughlin. Justice of the Peace, James Cochran. Trustee of Water Works, Thos. Griffith. City Solicitor, N. N. Guille. Councilmen - Austin Berry, John Metcalf, R. W. P. Muse, A. R. Cassiday. Constables, B. Spangler, Jacob Lyder. Board of Education, D. D. Yarndt. Adam Fletcher. _Assessors - Elijah Sul- _ livan, W. Wright, John Brimer, Lewis Grigsby.

vers. Trustees of Water Works, G. T. Greenland, Thomas Griffith. Marshal, Jacob Lyda. Constables, John Dixon, Nimrod Taylor. Justice of the Peace, Joseph Cochran. Board of Ed-

April, 1863 - Mayor, Mark Loudan. Justice of the Peace, H. W. Chandler. Councilmen - James Crosby, D. Applegate, Moses Bridwell, John L. Taylor. Marshal, Isaac Campbell. City Solicitor, A. P. Blocksom. Constables, William W. Smith, John Dixon. Board of Education, F. A. Thompson, Adam Fletcher. 'Trustee of Water Works, Thomas Griffith. Assessors, William Munro, Isaac Hoge, Theodore Brown, P. T. Wright.

April 3, 1865 - Mayor, John W. James. Councilmen, A. A. Thompson, Daniel Applegate, Walter A. Bell, J. L. Taylor. City Solicitor, M. M. Granger. Marshal, J. C. Wolf. Constables, I. M. Brown, John Green. Trustee of Water Works, William Ruth. Assessors, William Mears, William Wright, William Leffler, P. T. Wright.

Justice of the Peace, H. W. Chandler. Marshal, J. C. Wolf. Trustee of Water Works, Thomas Griffith. Board of Education, F. A. Thompson, Adam Fletcher. Constables, Isaac M. Brown, Benjamin Spangler. Assessors, William Mun- Jacob Crotzer, P. T.

April 6, 1868. - Marshal, J. C. Wolf. City Solicitor, A. J. Andrews. Trustee of Water Works, William Ruth. Constables, James D. Mitchell, Benjamin Spangler. Councilmen, Joseph Crosby, Samuel Clark, William Ruth, Curran Blue, William Geiger, C. Fletcher, Conrad Fletcher, W. E. James. Board of Education, George W. Green, George W. Griffee. Assessors, William Munro, David Keeley, John A. Daugherty, William A. Burkhart, E. L. Grigsby, William Nutt. The vote on the annexation of Putnam to Zanesville, is reported as 1456 in favor, and 28 against.

March 29, 1870. Election on the question of appropriating twenty-five thousand dollars, for the purpose of building a railroad in Zanesville - In favor, 1077 votes; against, 16 votes. Majority in favor, 1061.

October 11, 1870 - Special Election. - For annexation of Putnam - ': Yes," 1818 votes ; ''No," 49 votes. For annexation of West Zanesville - Yes." 1939 votes; **No,"' 34 votes.

April 3, 1871. - Mavyor, William Ruth. Marshal, William Jennings. Trustee of Water Works, George H. Vroom. City Solicitor, Albion J. Andrews. Civil Engineer, A. J. Spaulding. 'Trustee of Cemetery, W. H. Deffenbaugh. Justice of the Peace, John J. James. Constables. John Arter, William Nutt, Councilmen, F. A. Thompson, D. ran Blue. F. Tf. Achauer, W. H. McOwen, Michael McDonald, Edward Bailey, William T. Maher. Board of Education, Richard Hocking, S. J. Moore.

Special election, June 17, 1872. Vote on the quesion of issuing bonds to the amount of $100,- 000, for the purpose of building the Zanesville, Cumberland and Caldwell Railroad. In favor ot the measure, 1,193 votes. Againstthe measure, eighty-seven votes.

April 5, 1880. - City Commissioner, John Emery. Justice of the Peace, Addison Palmer. Trustee of Water Works, Conrad Stolzenbach. Trustee of Cemeteries, Thomas Lindsay.

| time, or not voting at all. | was following Republican precedents, and a | motion was made that Andrew P. Stultz be | elected President. | tained by the Mayor, and, upon roll call, it was | found that nine Democrats voted in the affirma- Miller, Duncan McKinney, W. H. Cunninghan, |

April 4, 1881. - Mayor, William N. McCoy. Marshal, Zachariah T', Reed. City Solicitor, William H. Cunningham, Jr. City Civil Engineer, Frederick Howell. Trustee of Water Works, William Price. Trustee of Cemeteries, John W. Conrade. Justice of the Peace, George W. Griffee. Constables, Charles E. Moore, John Arter, City Infirmary Director, James T. Wall- Assessors, Paul Kemmerer, George E. Jenkins, Walton Grigsby, Adolph Kreuter, Phillip Dennick, John H. Best, Leander McBride, Joseph Scholl, William H. Ratljff. Councilmen, John A. Fortune, *Philip Sandel, *Jas. T. Irvine, *Jno. M. Steiner,Gilbert Snyder, Henry C. Greiner, W.S. Frazier, *William Foran, O. C. Faruhar; those holding over are: Thomas Potts, D. Worstall, *A. J. Andrews, *A. Stern, Wm. C. Harris, F. Dietrich, *A. P. Stultz, *William Smith, George Stanberry.

The Mayor and those Councilmen whose names are marked with a star (*) are Democrats ; the other nine Councilmen are Republicans, and the possibility of a tie vote at the time of organization being imminent, each political moiety had reference to the law governing such cases, and entrenched themselves within the bulwarks of its provisions. The section of the Revised Statutes referred to, is number 1676, and provides that in cities of the second class, where there is a tie vote in the election of officers of the Council, the Mayor, acting as ex-officio President, shall give the casting vote. The Mayor and Democratic members of the Council construed this section to their advantage, and maintained that it was to be expected that Democratic officers would be chosen by them. On the other hand, the Republicans determined that there should be no tie vote, which was accomplished by voting for more than one man at a time, for such office. The Democrats thereupon concerted that the election should be in such a manner as to leave no option between voting for or against one candidate at a This, it was held,

This proposition was entertive, and nine Republicans refused to vote. This, in the opinion of the Mayor, was such a tie as was contemplated by the section of the Revised Statutes referred to, and he voted for Mr. Stultz, and, thereupon, declared him elected. The Demcratic nine then voted for John A. Fortune as President pro tempore, and William A. Shin- nine not voting. The Mayor then declared Mr, Andrew P. Stultz elected President, pro tempore, and that all the officers necessary for the organization of the Council were elected, and the organization was complete, and he vacated the chair,which was taken by Mr. Stultz. Mr. Shinnick gave his bond, and was sworn in as Clerk, and then demanded of Clerk John A. Green the fused, on the ground that Mr. Shinnick, Jr., had not been legally elected. Mr. Shinnick then instituted proceedings in guo warranto, tiling--papers first in the Supreme Court, from which action was subsequently withdrawn for want of jurisdiction in that court, and the papers were then © filed in the District Court, and Clerk John A. Green continued to hold over until properly notified of the action of said court, which was as follows:

'This case came on for hearing on the petition of relator, the answer of defendant, as the agreed statement of facts, the facts as found by said District Court, and the certificate of reservation, together with a transcript of the proceedings in said District Court.

'«The arguments of counsel having been heard, and the court being fully advised in the premises, do find that, on the 25th day of April, 1881, the relator, Shinnick, was duly elected City Clerk of said city ; that the defendant wrongfully holds said office, and that he, said Shinnick, is entitled to have and hold said office. t

''And the court do order that the defendant, John A. Green, be ousted, and altogether excluded from said office, and that said Green forthwith deliver over to said Shinnick the use, possession, and enjoyment of said office, and the books, furniture and papers pertaining to the same, and allow the said Shinnick to have full control thereof, without let or hindrance.

''And it is further considered and adjudged that the said relator recover of said Green the costs herein, by the relator expended, taxed at $ - ."'

Chapter Xxii Music

THE EARLIEST ''MESS'' JOHNSON AND HIS VIOL - THE FIRST REED AND STRING BAND - THE ZANESVILLE HARMONIC BAND - THE MECHANICS' BAND - ATWOOD'S BRASS BAND - BAUER'S BAND - HECK'S BAND - HECK'S ORCHESTRA - ORGANS AND PIANOS - VOCAL MUSIC - H. D. MUNSON - MUSIC IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS - THE HARMONIC

SOCIETY - -MUSIC STORE - -PROFESSORS WM. LILIENTHAL, MACHOLD, MILLER, STRACHAUER - PROF. CHARLES MEISING - PROF. GEORGE ROWE - PROFESSOR J. D. LUSE - ''CONCORDIA"' - THE '"MANNERCHOR'' - THE ''FROHSINN'' - ''HARMONIE'' - '*' THE MANNERCHOR'' REORGANIZED - GERMAN SINGING SOCIETY - -THE HARMONIC SOCIETY - THE MENDELSSOHN GLEE CLUB.

A love of music seems common to mankind, although the discordant sounds that satisfy the barbaric ear would painfully agitate the tympanum accustomed to what we call melody, and, while the ancient swain, blowing through a hollow bone, may have produced a tender feeling in the heart of an enamored maiden, the same ''music'' to-day would be regarded with dismay. The making of musical instruments began almost with the human race. We have relics of antiqui-- ty that show us how instruments were made' to existence of any language, of which we have any record. The forms of many of the most ancient instruments are preserved to us in the sculptures and paintings of antiquity, and the tombs and temples of Egypt fell unerringly of the musical life, of the builders of the pyramids. One of the tombs in the pyramid of Jeezeh bears a representation of a flute concert, and, according to Lepsius, it dates as early as 2000 B. C. The eight musicians are arranged in a peculiar manner. Three of them, one behind another, are'kneeling and holding their flutes in exactly the same position, and facing them are three others, also kneeling, and holding their pipes like the others, A seventh sits with his back turned toward them. but, like the rest, he is also blowing his flute, while the eighth, who may be the leader of this primitive orchestra, holds his instrument in his hands, as if in the act of raising it to his lips, and he is standing. An ancient Egyptian painting, of about the same period as this quaint illustration of an antique band of flute players, represents a lyre, performed upon by a man, who walks in procession with others, and with some animals unknown to the fauna of to-day. This interesting picture was discovered in a tomb, on the eastern bank of the Nile. [See Sir Gardner Wilkinson in ''Manners and Customs of the Ancient Egyptians." ] He says: ''That this event took place about the period when the inmate of the tomb lived, is highly probable - i.e., considering Osirtasen I. to be Pharaoh, the patron of Joseph."'

So it was in the beginning, and travelers inform us, that music and musical instruments are still decidedly primitive in the supposed cradle: of humanity. And, notwithstanding the high degrees of perfection attained in this age, it is highly probable that the music of a hundred years ago, in the New World, was as primitive - in fact, little more than an accompaniment to other means of enjoyment. This is, indeed,

"You shall hear how Paw-Puk-Keewes, How the handsome Yenadizze Danced at Hiawatha's wedding; How the gentle Chibiabos, He the sweetest of musicians, Sang the songs of love and longing; How Iagoo, the great boaster, He the marvellous - story teller, Told the tales of strange adventure, That the feast might be more joyous, That the times might pass more gaily, And the guests be more contented."

Bordering on such traditions - in 1799, the sounds of ''Mess''-Johnson's ''sweet viol' were heard, ere the red man of the famed ''blue Muskingum" had resolved to ''go west." ''Mess"" Johnson, or ''Black Mess,"' was John MclIntire's servant, and in addition to his duties the goddess Shelxinoe (mind soother), and, at her bidding brought forth his violin, the first in Zanestown, to ''drive dull care away."" Whether he imitated the old masters, or played his own ''longings,'' we are.not informed, but, it is certain, he was sure of an audience, and the fullest appreciation. It has been said that '*'Casar was ambitious," and it may have been so with ''Mess."" At any rate, we are informed, soon after, of the arrival of Thomas Dowden, with his violin, and that: these two worthies played together, and furnished the music for the Terpsichoreans ; for, time out of mind, this fair daughter of Jupiter and Mnemosyne had lent poetry to motion ; she was the inventress of dancing, and with such grace did she glide through the figures, that it became a delightful pastime.

. during this year, with the following membership : Charles Hill, leader ; John Lattimore, clarionet ; William Lattimore, Robert Hazlett and James V. Cushing, violinists; William Hadley, violincellist; David Spangler, bassoonist ; Isaac Spangler, triangler ; Benjamin Reed, drummer. Williarn Hadley was a cultivated musical artist, and did much for church music in Zanesville, during his stay.

THE ZANESVILLE HARMONIC BAND was organized in 1829, and continued to discourse melodious music until 1835. It furnished the music at the laying of the corner-stone of the Atheneum. The membership was as follows: Jackson Hough, leader; A. C.: Ross, clarionetist ; Hamilton Hough, violinist; John Parker, flutist; D. J. Culbertson, piccoloist; Henry W. Kent, bugler; James Fortune, drummer.

Tue Mecuanics' BANp. - This band was organized in 1836, and continued to play together ten years, when it disbanded. The membership was as follows: Thomas Launder, leader ;

C. Purcell. Captain; Monroe Ayers, Brush Egpeunpn. ohn Alter, J. B. H. Bratshaw, Daniel atton, John Printz, Jesse Fox, Cass Alter, Alva Rivers, Daniel Baldwin, L. Page, Jackson Printz, and Fred Drone. This band made no charge for its services, and the only gift it ever received was twenty-five dollars for furnishing the music at the commencement exercises of Muskingum College, New Concord, in 1841.

AtTwoop's Brass BAnp. - This band was the first one organized in Zanesville, in 1847. The following constituted the membership: A. D. Atwood, leader ; David Kahn, John Bauer, Casper Bauer, Philip Kassell, Charles Roper, Thomas Launder, David Hahn, Timothy Webb, Emerson Howe, and Charles Dulty. This band was reorganized in 1855, under the name of ''Bauer's Band," and has continued to grow in favor, having a deservedly high reputation. The membership, in 1880, was as follows: John Bauer, leader; Theobald Bauer, Joseph Beardsley, Charles Schlafman, Fred Ditmar, Matthias Ditmar, Casper Ditmar, Albert Schmidt, David Hahn, Isaac Campbell, Jr., and John Goetz.

Hecx's Banp. - This band was organized in the autumn of 1856, with the following membership: A. D. Atwood, Joseph Beardsley, Henry Heck, Jacob Schwartz, Peter Heck, John Heck, Louis Heck, Barney Heck, Henry Mechling, and William Goetz.

Hecx's OrcHEsTRA. - This orchestra was orfanized by Louis Heck inthe fall of 1875, adding a full string and reed band; total membership, seventeen, This band was reorganized in 1879; membership, thirteen.

OrGANs AND Pranos. - Mr. Leonard P. Bailey came from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to Zanesville, in 1820. A cabinet hee by trade, and seeing the need of organs and pianos, he turned his attention to their manufacture. He made his first organ in John Anthony's cabinet shop, on the northwest corner of Main and Fourth streets, in the summer of 1822. It was a parlor pipe organ, with two stops - the diapason and _principal - and was sold to James Taylor for $300, and given as part payment for the lot on which Mr. Bailey's house stands. As nothing ot the kind had been made here, there was much curiosity about it; indeed it was conjectured to be of various strange pieces of machinery, until one day, when the 'diapason' stop was adjusted, Mr. Charles Hill, (the jeweler,) sat down and played ''Old Hundred ;"' then the secret was out.

In 1824, Mr. Bailey removed to a shop that stood in the rear of Werner's present boot and shoe store. Here he made his second organ, without a case. It was purchased by Mr. Chas. Hill, for $200. He afterwards made a case for it, and it was sold to the St. James' Episcopal Church for $300.00. Mr. Bailey remained at this location until the spring of 1831, when he removed to Main street, opposite the Second Street M. E. Church. Here he made his first piano, about 1833, which he sold to John T. Fracker, for $250.-

He remained at this place until about 1852, when he removed to the ''Stacy Hall" building, in Potter's alley, just south of the Watch House, having purchased that property. Here he made furniture and pianos, employing eight men. He, retired from the business in 1861.

The total number of pianos made by Mr. B. was 162, mostly sold in Ohio. He has a seven octave piano, made in 1854, on which he plays favorite airs with a power and pathos very rare, notwithstanding his age.

Mr. Bailey informs us that at an exhibition at 'Castle Garden, N. Y.' he showed Robert Nun, the great piano maker, a diagram for an improvement in pianos, known as ''over strung," and that while he intended to patent this improvement, it was appropriated and patented by Mr. Nun, whereas Mr. B. deserves the credit for the invention.

Vocal Music

" Ged sent his singers upon earth With songs of sadness and of mirth. He gave a various gift to each, To charm, to strengthen and to teach."

It is probable that John Metcalf, of hallowed memory, made the first notable efforts in Zanesville toawaken a taste for music, by introducing musical books suited to the capacity of the children. Whereas, they had only had suchtunes as ''Mear,'' *'Dundee,"' ''Martyn," and ''Orville." He introduced the pleasing melodies of ''Bradbury's Young Choir,' ''The Oriole," etc, and made commendable progress in teaching music in the ''Putnam Union Sunday School."

Professor H. D. Munson is believed to have been the first to make a business of teaching, and organizing juvenile classes. He isa native of Connecticut; was a pupil of Lowell Mason, in the then celebrated Boston Academy of Music. After teaching vocal and instrumental music in the cities of Hartford, Connecticut; Pittsburg, Pennsylvania ; Springfield, Ohio ; Galena, Ohio, and Alton, Illinois, during a period of ten years. 'He came to Zanesville in 1846, and engaged as teacher of music in the Putnam Ladies' Seminary, with which he was connected four years, and engaged also in teaching juvenile and adult classes. He inaugurated juvenile concerts, and thus convinced the skeptical that children could sing, and then public sentiment demanded that they should be taught systematically, The first of these entertainments was given in the hall of the 'Putnam Female Seminary, in 1848, on which occasion, '*The Child's Wish," a ballad composed by Prof. Munson, was first rendered, by an eight year old miss, and became at once popular. He next gave a children's concert in Stacy's Hall, (afterwards used by L. P. Bailey, and now by the Garey Bro's., as a cabinet shop, ) the same year. This was followed by similar performances in the old cit Signal office,) Nevitt's Hall, Odd Fellows' Hall, and finally Black's Hall. The erection of these halls successively, by increasing the facilihall, (now the.

ties, added to the zest in musical culture, and afford, at this distant period, a measurably correct idea of the progress of music, during the intervening years. ;

The beginning of a new era was ushered in by the introduction of the melodeon into class training, and into several choirs. Several pipe organs were purchased between the years of 1848 and 1852. These were at once recognized as valuable aids to teachers and leaders, in harmonizing voices, and gave a new impulse to the cultivation of church and Sunday School music.

Music was taught in the Public Schools, prior to 1846, by Captain Hatch, and, January 3d, 1849, by L. P. Marsh, (afterwards Judge.) Mr. Marsh resigned in October, 1850, and Mr. Hatch became teacher again, and then Prot. Munson. At this time, there were very few well organized choirs in the city, and on all special occasions it was customary to borrow from one choir to strengthen another. While in some of the churches the most determined opposition to any choir organization was manifested, and the use of a musical instrument in-public service would have driven many a good old saint from the house of God! In one instance, even the presence of a black board, on which some notes had been written, was so offensive that the good old pastor would not proceed with the service until the stumbling block had been removed. In another.church, the pastor had. secured the services of Professor Munson in training a choir, which the pastor, (a cultivated singer, ) intended to lead, and proposed that on a given Sabbath, the singers should sit in certain seats, and designated them for the choir. To the surprise of the pastor and the choir, on assembling, they found those seats were occupied by the opponents of this ''new fangled singin','' determined to 'thold the fort," in spite of all the pastors and young folks in creation! And before the choir could get the ''pitch,"' off started old Brother B., in the 'amen corner,' with his own tune, and the choir could only follow at a respectful distance. The full force of this difficulty will be realized, when it is remembered that at this time it was customary for men to take the leading part in singing. Ladies had not been convinced that they could carry the ''air,'' or soprano part, and this also explains the difficulty experienced in organizing choirs. The result being that the first part was over-burdened by a class of singers who made more noise than music, and great effort was required to convince the gentlemen that their assistance was not needed, and the ladies that it could be dispensed with. Another difficulty was experienced in many choirs, as may be inferred by what has been said, namely, the want of a certain guide in musical sounds, such. as the organ affords. The chromatic changes. were therefore but little thought of, or apprehended. Anamusing illustration of this occurred at the McIntire Academy. Prof. W.,a prominent school teacher and leader, was endeavoring to train a class in one of Thomas Hasting's Anthems, in which that distinguished composer had introduced a stanza in B flat, but which the Professor was unable to render, whereupon he inquired of Professor Munson, who was presert, by invitation, if it would not do just as well to dispense with the B flat, by changing from G minor to G major, throughout an entire stanza. Of course Professor Munson thought not, but replied that he supposed he could do as he pleased.

In 1850, H. D. Munson, in connection with Prof. O. L. Castle, (Superintendent of Public Schools) started the first music store, at number 98, Main street. This venture, however, owing to the general want of musical culture in the city and surrounding country, proved a loss, financially

York, held-a musical convention in Odd Fellows' Hall, which was very largely attended by the singers, young and old. They closed with a grand concert, having a chorus of more than a hundred voices. This event, besides increasing the interest in vocal music, brought into prominence many fine voices, before unknown, and marked an important epoch in the history of vocal music ; this was followed by important accessions to several choirs of the city, and soon after, largely through the efforts of Charles Ross and James E. Cox, by the formation of the Harmonic Society, (about 1858) which was well sustained for several years, and did much to keep active the interest awakened, especially i in chorus singing.

ments, to concentrate musical merchandise in one substantial effort, by relinquishing their hold on that trade, and ceasing to deal in music and musical instruments, which was easily done, for, divided as the trade was, no one felt a special temptation to keep a stock that had comparatively little demand. Mr. A. C. Ross, jeweler, had kept a small assortment of music and musical instruments, and sold several pianos, but also relinquished his trade in these articles, and Prof. Munson re-embarked in a music store, notwithstanding his former unprofitable experience in this line in 1850. In 1865, he opened up with a small stock of pianos and cabinet organs, in the back part of room g1, Main street, then occupied by the late A. Fletcher, as a book store, and now by Hollingsworth & Dennis.

In 1872, H. D. Munson, Jr., and Charles E. Munson, his sons, who had aided him for sometime, were admitted to partnership, with the firm name of H. D. Munson & Sons, and are still conducting the business, on a magnificent scale, in Opera Building.

Prof. William Lilienthal, from Baden, Germany, came to Zanesville, in 1851, and in 1852 began his first pr ofessional services ; ; the class of instruction was greatly abridged, compared with the musical instruction in the old country; his patrons seemed disposed to gallop into the performance of pieces, consisting of ballads and national airs of simple harmony. The value placed lessons being given at twenty-five cents each, 'and no regular course taken. In illustration of the musical appreciation of the time, Prof. Lilienthal relates the following incident: A gentleman informed him that he had heard of his reputation, and wished him to give his daughter some instruction in singing, remarking that she was a good performer on the piano. He accompanied the gentleman home, and the daughter was invited to play a good piece, ''Old Lang Syne." which she did, without regard to time, and in a manner that rendered it difficult of recognition, while the father was in ecstacy over it, saying it was splencid!

Mr. Lilienthal's first organ service was for the Universalist congregation, worshiping in City Hall, for which he received the munificent sum of fifty dollars per annum, playing morning and evening, on Sundays; he continued to fill that position several vears.

Prof. Lilienthal is of the opinion that the first great awakening in the musical world, in Zanesville, was -produced by the renowned pianist, Thalberg, who came there under the manage-

Machhold came in 1856, and remained several years, and had considerable ability as a teacher. Francis Miller, teacher of violin and piano, did not remain long enough to geta living. Strachauer, a fine musician, had but little success asa teacher, although pupils, desiring instruction,

Prof. Lilienthal was in the hundred days_ service in the rebellion, and, returning. soon found his former pupils, and others, and has continued to have as much as he can do. Many ot his pupils have become successful teachers. The selection of instruction books, in Protessor Lilien- pianos, organs, sheet music, etc. January 1, 1869, he removed to 108, Main street, with a still larger stock, and now felt the tidal wave of ap-

_ classic music ; this is also evidenced by his advanced pupils playing i in concerts, compositions of the great Masters, in a very satistactory manner. At his last concert, given in June, 1879, music from Beethoven, Mendelssohn, Thalberg, and Bach, the rendition of which always requires a high order of talent and skill, was performed very satisfactorily, both to the audience and the Professor.

Prof. Charles Meising, a native of Wisel, on the Rhine, received his musical education at Kempen, under the special training of his father, a distinguished pianist, ahd Oscar Rieman, 'first violinist to the King of Hanover." He came to the United States of America, and first taught in the city of Pittsburgh, Pa., and came to Zanesville, Ohio, in 1875; his patronage has been among the best families. Mr. Meising confines himself almost exclusively to teaching the piano, although teaching the violin.

Professor J. D. Luse, a native of. Cuyahoga county, Ohio, received his musical education chiefly in Cleveland, Ohio; taught in Norwalk and Tiffin, Ohio, in 1875 to 1878, when he came to Zanesville, to engage in teaching vocal music in the public schools, which he has continued to do to this time. He was the first to inaugurate a thorough course in the schools, and, whereas, there were but few who could read music of the simplest class, when he began teaching, now there are hundreds who read readily, and sing with good expression. The instruction is given in sixty-two schools, ranging through every grade, trom the Primary A's, through the High School, and nine-tenths of the pupils read music readily. Professor Luse is a well known leader in the music clubs, and is a choir leader. He teaches the piano, and has had a valuable experience in leading choruses.