White County, Illinois - Biographical sketches, 1883 (part 2 of 11)

Cree Nutter , M. D.y was born in Clarksburg, W. Va., July 20> 1847. He was a son of Christopher Nutter, a farmer by occupa¬ tion, who died about the year 1855. Cree remained with his mother till 1861, when he went to Weston and engaged as clerk in a confectionery store. He was there about a year when he was called home on account of the death of his mother. In 1862 he tried to enlist in the army, but was refused on account of his small stature and tender years. He then went to West Union, W. Va., where he clerked about a year in a dry-goods and grocery store; then went to Cincinnati, Ohio, and engaged as cabin watchman on a steamboat; remained about six months, and then went to Glen¬ dale and clerked for J. G. Hanmann. His employer going to Weston, he accompanied him, and after a short time went to work for his old employer, Phinston; remained with him a year. By this time he had about $500, and in 1864 he opened a store in Glenville, W. Va., and remained about six months when he was driven away by the army, and went to Central Station, W. Va., and worked in a store. He then returned home, then went above Nashville and joined Martin's scouts and was captured by the rebels, by his horse making a misstep and falling; was in their custody only a few hours. In 1865 he went to Janelew, W. Va., and opened a store and remained about a year when he sold out and went to Fort Ellsworth, Kas. ; crossed the plains to Fort Union, N. M., in the capacity of assistant teamster. While crossing they had several encounters with the Indians; he was wounded three times by them. At Las Vegas he took charge of the train and herd and went to Fort Bascom and wintered the herd; then re¬ crossed the plains with a new train, and the spring of 1867 found him back at Fort Ellsworth. From there he went to Hannibal, Mo., and clerked two years. While there he commenced the study of medicine. In 1869 he went to West Virginia and studied medi¬ cine a time and then went back to Hannibal and clerked for his old employer about a year. He then engaged as partner in the grocery business in the firm of Anderson, Moore & Co. In about a year he sold out and clerked in a grocery about three months when he formed a partnership in the grocery business with Mr. Bowles under the firm name of Bowles & Nutter, with whom he remained about six months. He then purchased some town property, and soon traded it for wagons and horses, which he afterward traded for 160 acres of Missouri land; this he traded again fora drove of thirteen mules, which he sold in St. Louis and returned to Janelew, W. Va., and engaged in the study and practice of medicine about two years, when he opened a store and ran it about a year. The following year he read medicine under Dr. Hall. In 1873 he at¬ tended lectures at Bellevue Hospital, N. Y. In 1874 he gradua¬ ted from the Long Island College Hospital, Brooklyn, N. Y. From here he went to St. Louis, Mo., and opened an office on 15th street, and attended lectures in connection with his practice. In 1875 he came to White County and located at Hawthorn. He built an office and began a practice, but the freshets destroying the crops made collecting hard, nnd he engaged in shipping horses to St. Louis for a short time. In 1876 he came to Carmi and purchased the lot where he now resides on Second street, and practiced a year. In 1877 he bought a drug store across the railroad track. In 1878 he bought an addition to his lot and built a fine residence. The same year he bought the Fackney storehouse which he rents. He owns six lots where he lives and several lots beyond the railroad track. He has had a regular practice since coming to Carmi. He was married July 5, 1877, to Lucy M., a daughter of John R. Jones of this city. They have one child - John R., now two years old. He is the oldest member of the Knights of Pythias in Carmi; has also been a Mason eleven years. One brother is a member of the Legislature in California, one is a farmer in West Virginia, and a sister is the wife of a farmer in the latter State.

W. A. Odell was born in West Virginia, Feb. 4, 1813. He was a son of ITenry Odell, a native of Virginia, who started with his family in 1815 to move to Kentucky, but died near New Harmony, Posey Co., Ind., aged about thirty-two. The family went n to Kentucky and remained there as a family about thirteen years when his mother married Edward Greene. She died in 1841, aged forty-nine years. W. A. Odell left home when about fifteen, and went to Bloomington, Ind., where he hired out as a farm handin a tobacco field and barn for two years. He then procured a small piece of land, and went to work for himself ; kept on till he owned 160 acres. He made Indiana his home until 1848, when he moved to Northern Illinois and remained two years. From there he went to Council Bluffs, la., where Mrs. Odell died, June 25, 1851. She was Mary Ann Inglehart, a native of Maryland. Their children are - Frances, born March 31, 1838, married Irvin Summers in 1858, a farmer of Indiana. They have seven children and three grandchildren, Margaret Ellen was born Sept. ' 17, 1840, and married in 1860 to Kobert Huston, a miller in Evansville ; Vashti Jane, born Jan. 21, 1843, and married in 1863, L. 0. Pace, a law¬ yer of Lincoln Neb.; Isaac Henry, born May 20, 1845, was mar¬ ried in New Orleans in 1874, to Minnie Nugent. She died in abont a year, and in 1880 he married Anna Inglehart, a resident of Chicago. He is in the insurance business in Evansville. James W. was born Jan. 17, 1847, and is still a bachelor, a contractor of street repairs and bridge-building. After the death of his wife Mr. Odell returned to Evansville, Ind. He sent two of his chil¬ dren to the school in Newburg, and the others to the Evansville school, and then went to California and remained seven years en¬ gaged in mining and ranching. He returned to Evansville and lived about a year, and then came to White County, Ill., and bought a farm. He was married Sept. 16, 1861, to America An¬ derson. They have one son, William H., born March 18, 1863. He is in pursuit of a musical education; is attending* Dana's Mu¬ sical Institute at Warren, O. Mr. Odell lived on his farm till 1874, and then moved into Carmi, where he still makes his home* enjoying the fruits of his labors. He has been a member of the Southern Methodist church for the past fifty years.

« 7. H. Parkhurst was born seven miles southwest of Carmi, White County, Ill., Nov. 7, 1844. He has always been a miller, learning the trade when quite young. He has been with Malone A Bozeman for a year. He was married in June, 1868, to Mary E. Huff, bora June 17, 1845. They have four children - Flora I., bora Aug. 23, 1869; Emma J., March 27, 1873; Sarah F., April 7, 1876; Ella R, March 30, 1879. Politically Mr. Parkhurst is a Democrat. His wife is a member of the Presbyterian church.

Joseph leister was born in France, March 18, 1841, and came to America in 1852, landing at New Orleans, Dec. 30. He remained there sixteen days, but being desirous of an education he went to school while there. His father then moved to Posey County, Ind., where Joseph remained till he was twenty-two years old. His father died in New Harmony, Ind., July 23, 1876; his mother near Evansville, Sept. 16, 1881. Mr. Pfister enlisted iu the late war, July 18, 1862, in Company A, Ninety-first Indiana Volun¬ teer Infantry, Captain Carson, Colonel Maringer. He served three years; enlisted as private and served eight months, and was then detailed as teamster, which position he held till discharged, which was at Solsburg, N. C. ; was mustered out at Indianapolis. He was married Nov. 13, 1866, to Caroline Barth, a native of Ger¬ many, born March 19, 1844. They are the parents of five children - Larey, Francis, Mary, Rosa, and Iona. He has 330 acres of fine, well-improved land. Politically he is a Democrat. He is a mem¬ ber of the Catholic church.

W. II. Phypps was born near Carmi, White Co., Ill., in 1840, and has resided there all his life. His father, John Phipps, emigrated from Russellville, Ky., to Illinois in 1820, and settled on a farm about eight miles southwest of Carmi. His wife's maiden name was Eleanor Gott. They were married in 1819. The subject of this sketch obtained a very scanty education previous to the advent of free schools, by attending the old-time subscription schools, not exceeding three years. He served in the war of the Rebellion for about one year, as a member of the Regimental Band of the Eighteenth Illinois Infantry, enlisting at Birds Point, Mo., July 15, 1861, and was honorably discharged at Savan. nah, Tenn., March 21, 1862, under a general order from the War Department, ordering the discharge of all regimental bands in the volunteer service. He was elected City Clerk of the city of Carmi, at the regular election in the spring of 1873, and has been re-elected to said office four times in succession, having held the office for a period of over nine years. He has also served the public as Collector of Taxes for the town of Carmi for the last six years, and has also filled responsible positions in the offices of the county clerk and county treasurer, for the past eleven years. He was married to Priscilla A. Patrick, of Carmi, August 2, 1860. She died May 18, 1865, leaving no children. He again married, Mrs. Margaret Young, in the year 1872, who died in Jane, 1874:. He was married to his present wife, who was Mrs. Mary E. Tiles, in November, 1874.

John O. Powell , deceased, was born in Indian Creek Town - ship, White Co., Ill., on his father's farm. His father, Daniel Powell, was a native of Kentucky, and was engaged in farming and trading in stock. He moved to Carmi in 1871 and made it his home till his death. John G. made his home with his father. When he was twenty-one he was taken into partnership with his father in the pork and stock business. This continued five years, and then he carried on business in the same line alone. When he was twenty-three (in 1856) he was elected Sheriff of White County; served two years and then commenced trading in horses, buying them and taking them South. In 1858 he was elected Represen¬ tative to the Illinois Legislature, and in 1860 was re-elected Sher¬ iff. At the breaking out of the war he moved on to a farm east of Carmi and remained two years. He then moved back to Carmi and was elected County Clerk in 1865 ; served four years and was re-elected; had served only two years of his second term when he was taken sick with consumption and died Oct. 28, 1871. He was married July 23, 1861, to Sarah E., a daughter of James Hinde. Mr. Powell left a family of three children - John G., a namesake of his father; Eledith, and Bradford, ages sixteen, fourteen and eleven. Mrs. Powell's father, James Hinde, was a native of Ken¬ tucky, but moved to Carmi in an early day. He died Nov. 28, 1877.

Ferdinand Preher was born in South Germany, GrosseUmstradt, June 28, 1840; came to America in 1859, landing in New York City, Oct 13. He spent a short time in New York in a trunk factory, when he moved to Evansville, Ind., where he worked at odd jobs till the breaking out of the war. He enlisted June 26, 1861, in the First Indiana Battery; served his country three years, wo months and a half; was wounded at the battle of Pea Ridge, Ark., March 7, 1862, receiving a fracture of left arm by a gun-shot; was off duty by it three months. He then returned to the army and remained till his company was mustered out. He participated in the battles of Port Gibson, Champion Hill, Black River, siege of Vicksburg and the Red River Expedition. He became a citi¬ zen of Carmi, White County, April, 1869, and set up a marble shop and has been successfully running the business ever since. This trade he learned partly with his father in Germany. He has prders commanding the price of $1,000; has in his employ the finest skilled workmen he can find. Mr. Preher was married in 1865 to Elizabeth Weiskaff. They have five children living, be¬ sides a nephew whose home is witli hitn.

James Pryor was bom Nov. 28, 1825, in Tennessee. He came to this county with his parents in 1829. His father first lived in Big Prairie seven years, then in Herald's Prairie Township twenty years, and finally with his son in Carmi Township, where he died in 1879, aged seventy-four years. Mr. Pryor was married in January, 1843, to Elizabeth Williams, who was born in Big Prai¬ rie, White County. Feb. 1, 1825. They have seven children - Tabitha, George, Thomas, Robert, John, Ellen and Charles. Re¬ ligiously the family are Methodists. Mr. Pryor votes the Repub¬ lican ticket. He owns eighty acres of good land on section 20, Carmi Township. He enlisted during the late war, in 1862, in Company D, Fifty-sixth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and served eighteen months; was discharged at Keokuk, la., in 1863.

William Randolph , born in White County, Ill., June 11, 1842, is a son of Thomas Randolph, who was bom in Big Prairie, White County, in 1814, and is perhaps the oldest native resident of the county. His father, Thomas Randolph, was a native of Kentucky, and came to /White County, where he died over sixty years ago. When he first came to this county he had to cut a tree and dig out a canoe, and paddle it up the Wabash to Vincennes to get corn to plant his first crops. Thomas, Jr., is living near Centerville, Burnt Prairie Township. William is the eldest of five children. He was educated in a little polo school-house, eight miles north of Carmi. He followed farming for about thirty years; is also a builder and contractor. For the past year he has been in the lumber and machinery business in Carmi. March 1, 1865, he was married to Sarah Williams, who was bom in this county, March 10, 1844. They have one child - Suma, bom Aug. 14, 1867. Mr. Randolph owns 236 acres of good land, 156 on sections 6 and 7, Phillips Township, and eighty acres on section 12, Burnt Prairie Township.

Hi8Toey Of White County

Lewis Real was bora in Germany, May 8, 1848, and is a son of Ludwick, or Louis, and Sophia (Konchman) Reab, who came to America in 1853. His mother died in 1863, and his father, Jan. 22, 1873. Both are buried in cemetery of the German Methodist church of Carmi Township. Mr. Reab was married March 18, 1872, to Celia Mour, a native of Wurtemberg, Germany. They have four children - Mollie, boru in 1874; Caroline, in 1877; Lizzie, in September, 1878; Sophia, Jan. 9, 1881. They are members of the German Methodist church. He votes the Demo¬ cratic ticket. He owns 200 acres of tine, well-improved land on section 2, Carmi Township.

Henry Rettig was born in Pittsburg, Pa., March 27, 1842. His father, John Rettig, was born in Darmstadt, Germany, in 1816, and when sixteen years old came to America, and in 1842 moved to German Township, Vanderburg Co., Ind., where he is still living. His mother, Elizabeth (Flick) Rettig, was boru in Hesse, Ger¬ many, and came to America when eleven years old. They have six children, Henry being the eldest. He learned the blacksmith's trade with his father and worked three years in a plow factory in Evansville, Ind. In the latter part of 1864 he set up a shop in German Township, where he remained till 1874, when he came to Carmi, where he has since resided, and has a shop of his own. He was married Nov. 4, 1865, to Elizabeth Berling, a native of Darm¬ stadt, Germauy, born Aug. 9, 1842. They have seven children - John, Louisa, Jacob, Catherine, Malu* Anna, Matilda. Politically Mr. Rettig is a Democrat.

Will S. Rice , son of T. W. and Elizabeth (Hudson) Rice, was born in White County, Ill., Oct. 13, 1857. His father was a na¬ tive of White County, III., and his mother of Daviess County, Ky. They have three children - Rosa, Cornelia and Will S. His father still resides in Carmi, and is engaged as traveling salesman for the Olney Marble Works, and for pianos and organs for W. W. Kim¬ ball, Chicago, Ill. Will S. was married Aug. 24, 1881, to Rose M. Yanter, born in Lawrence County, Ill., July 3, 1856. They have one child - Pearl, born Feb. 27, 1882. Mr. Rice is politically a Republican. Mrs. Rice's father is a native of Ohio, and her mo¬ ther was of Scotch descent. Her mother died in 1879, in Sumner, Lawrence Co., Ill., where her father still resides. She has three sisters - Mary, now Mrs. Goechman; Hattie, living with her father, and Amig, wife of Hamilton Combs, a lumber merchant of Sumner.

D. K. Rickenbaoh was born in Ohio, Sept. 26, 1855, where he remained until 1875, when he came to Carmi, White Co., Ill. He was engaged in the jewelry business in Carmi for about four years. In the spring of 1880 he bought eighty acres on section 18, Carmi Township, of I. W. Boyle, paying $40 per acre, and since that time has been engaged in farming. He was married Oct. 10, 1878, to Emma Myers, also a native of Ohio, born June 7, 1857. They have one child - Joseph Abram, born Aug. 11, 1882. His father, Abram Rickenbach, was born in Pennsylvania, in 1827, and died in Oh Din 1858. His mother, also a native of Pennsylvania, died in Ohio in 1861. They were the parents of three children, two girls and one boy, D. K. being the second child. In his political views Mr. Rickenbach is a Republican.

Richard W. Ruckle was born in Baltimore, Md., Dec. 20, 1809. He was a son of Paul Ruckle, a merchant of Baltimore, where he retired from business and died of old age in 1864, at the age of eighty-seven. There was a family of six sons and six daughters, seven of whom are still living. The youngest, Sophia, is now sixty years of age, and the oldest, Samuel, of Saline County, Mo., is ninety, and is a pensioner of the war of 1812. At about the age of twenty-two Richard Ruckle commenced to do r himself by engaging in the manufacture of furniture in Baltimore. He was engaged at this about a year, when he went to Potts' Schuylkill Co., Penn., and remained about a year, when he re¬ turned home, but in a few weeks went to Cincinnati, O. In about eight or nine months he went to Richmond, Wayne Co., Ind., and staid a year and a half. From thence he went to Louisville, Ky.; in about eight months went back to Baltimore, and after a short visit went to Fredericksburg and remained six months. From thence to Jefferson County, Va., and lived one year. In 1840 he became a citizen of Carmi and engaged in the cabinet business which he followed till 1847, when he went to Memphis, Tenn., and enlisted in Company D, Second Tennessee Infantry, in the Mexican war. In one month the war closed and he was discharged. After his return from the army he returned to Carmi and resumed the furniture business, which we still find him engaged in. All hie time has been spent in Carmi except when he was in the Rebellion. In 1862 he enlisted in Company F, Eighty-seventh Illinois Infantry; was in the army about one year, when he was discharged on ac¬ count of sore eyes, which disease he contracted by the exposures of army life. He participated in the taking of Vera Cruz and Cerro

Gordo in the Mexican war. Mr. Ruckle was married in 1850 to Miss Mary Ann Jessup. They have two children - Sophia, now the wife of Charles Miller, of Hillsboro, O.; Mary Ann is single and at home. He is a member of the Masonic order.

John C. Saunders was born in this county Dec. 10, 1846. His parents, Sterling and Eliza Jane Saunders, were from Tennessee, and John C. was an only child. He was raised a farmer, and resides on section 16, Carmi Township. He owns eighty acres, under a good state of cultivation. In November, 1862, he enlisted in Company H, Illinois Cavalry, and entered the war of the Rebellion. He participated in several battles; was with Sherman at Atlanta, at the seige of Knoxville, Tenn., also at Nashville; was on the Stoneman raid through Georgia when the latter was captured by the Confederate Wheeler. He was mustered out in August, 1865. March 2, 1873, Mr. Saunders married Letitia Thomas, who died leaving one child - Johnnie T., born Nov. 8, 1876. July 31, 1882, he married Emma Orr, a native of Enfield Township.

Frank Schanzle was born in Wurtemburg, Germany, in October, 1855, and came to America in June, 1881. He landed in New York, and came West to Cincinnati, O., where he remained three weeks, and then came to Carmi, where lie worked at shoe-making for eight months. He now has a shop of his own. His father, Con¬ rad Schanzle, lives in Germany. His mother, Mary (Weideman) Schanzle, died in 1878. He has one brother and sister, Joseph and Mary, still living in Germany. He is a member of the Catholic church.

Louisa Schwaner was born May 1, 1842, in Germany, and came to America in October, 1874, with her adopted parents, Joseph and Catharine Conrad. Her own father died before she was born. They came to White County, Ill., and lived on a farm near Carmi till she was fourteen years old, when her adopted father died. She and adopted mother then came to Carmi, where Louisa remained only two months and then went to Shawneetown and worked out for four years. She then returned to Carmi and lived with her mother five years, when she went to Evansville, Ind., and worked at the milliner's trade and in a shirt factory five years. She was married Oct. 13, 1867, to Robert T. Schwaner, who died Oct. 10, 1881. They lived in Evansville one year after their marriage and then came to Carmi, where she still resides. Her husband had a saloon in Carmi thirteen years. She has had

Harriet M. Shipley was born in Gallatin County, 111., Aug. 9, 1838. Her father, Henry Cnsic, was a native of Kentucky and her mother of Tennessee. They came to Illinois, and settled near Shawneetown in 1837. They were the parents of three children - Harriet, now Mrs. Shipley; Willis B. Cusic, now a resident of White County; Dicy Ann, married Mr. Fields, and died in 1873. Mr. Cnsic was reared in the Catholic faith, but was never a very firm believer. He died in 1842. Harriet M. Cnsic married Will¬ iam Shipley Feb. 28, 1860, living with him twenty-two years, less two days, when death separated them. He was born May 11, 1811, near Bowling Green, Ky. His father came to Illinois when he was an infant, where he died. Of their seven children six are living - Mary Alice, bom Nov. 24, 1860, now Mrs. Wm. Malone; Thomas F., bora June 21, 1862; Charles W., April 23, 1864; Mar¬ garet C., April 13, 1866; William B., Nov. 8, 1868; Eddie M., born May 5, 1871, died Oct. 25, 1871; Lewis O., born Oct. 23, 1873. Thomas F. was married Jan. 1, 1880, to Effie Williams, and is living at home. They have 400 acres of good, well-improved land. Mrs. Shipley is a member of the Christian church.

J. 3. Shipley , deceased, was born in what is known as the Big Wabash bottoms, White County, Ill., Dec. 14, 1841. He was reared on a farm and received the advantages of a country educa¬ tion. After he had grown to be a young man, his father moved to Carmi, and J. H. continued his studies there until he enlisted in the army. After his return from the war he went to work for John Powell in the county clerk's office; was there five or six years and then went into the circuit clerk's office. In 1878 he was elected Treasurer of the county and held the position till the close of the term, when he was elected by the people to the posi¬ tion of Circuit Clerk. In 1874 he opened a grocery store in Carmi, and continued in that business something over a year. At the time of his death he was Circuit Clerk, but had served only six months of his time. Mr. Shipley was married May 28, 1873, to Mrs. Dora McCallister, widow of Edwin McCallister, who died in 1867, and to whom she was married in 1863. Mr. Shipley was a member of the Masonic order, and Mutual Aid and Workman's societies. Mr. and Mrs. Shipley's children are - Lulla and Harry, aged eight and six years, respectively. Mr. Shipley died July 22,

A. J. S holts, farmer, was born in what is now Marion County, Ind., in 1815. He resided there a number of years and then went to Franklin County, and from there to Decatur, Ind. He came to White County, Ill., in 1865, and settled on section 14, Carmi Township, paying $10 per acre for his land. He owns 150 acres of good, well-improved land, valued now at $75 per acre. He was married to Susan Wadkins, in Indiana, Aug. 31, 1837. There are two children - Phoebe, now Mrs. Jonas Leizure, born in Indiana, April 13, 1844; Sarah E., now Mrs. Wm. Coens, born April 14, 1847. Mrs. Sholts died Oct. 20, 1851, and Feb. 14, 1852, Mr. Sholts married Sarah Ann Suly, who was born in Martin County, Ind., Dec. 2, i814. They have one child - Susan, now Mrs. James M. Finley, born Feb. 22, 1853. At the time he came to this township, the nearest market was Mt. Yernon or Evansville, Ind. It took two or three days to make the trip, and took a good portion of the proceeds of their grain to pay expenses. Mrs. Sholts is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically he is a Republican. He was never known to turn a hungry man from bis door; although hundreds of tramps make application they always get something to eat.

John H. Shoup was born in Franklin County, Pa., Oct. 26, 1843. He was a son of Jacob Shoup, a native of Franklin County, Pa. He moved to Seneca County, O., in 1845, where he still resides, at the age of seventy-six. His family consisted of seven children - three sons and four daughters, all of whom are living except the youngest daughter, who died at the age of twelve. J. H. Shoup was the fourth child. He made his home with his father till he was eighteen years of age, when he enlisted in Company K. One Hundred and First Ohio Yoluuteer Infantry. He served his country thirty-four months and ten days. He participated in the battles of Perryville and Nashville, and different skirmishes ; was never wounded or taken prisoner, but was a hospital patient for a time. After his return from the army, he attended and taught school. He taught a summer term in Missouri in the year of 1867. In 1868 he went to Makanda, Jackson Co., Ill., and en¬ gaged in the manufacture of fruit-boxes, at which he continued about five years with good results. In 1873 he came to Carmi, this county, and, in company with George Tromley, bought a new stock of jewelry. At the end of two years they dissolved, and divided the stock, Tromley going to Grayville. Mr. Shoup was then in business alone till 1877, when he took his brother-in-law, D. K. Wickenbach, in as partner. They continued together two years, when Mr. Shoup bought his partner's interest. Since then Mr. Shoup has been in business alone. He carries a clean stock of about $4,000, and does an annual business of about $8,600. His is decidedly the finest jewelry store in the county, and is a credit to the city of Carmi. Mr. Shoup was married Dec. 22, 1868, to Margaret A. Myers, a native of Oary, O. They have no family.

Theodore R. Smock was born in Preble County, Ohio, April 20, 1846. He left his native State in 1866, and went to Columbus, Bartholomew Co., Ind., and remained till 1869, when he went to La Crosse, Wis., and lived one year; then went to Minnesota and ived near Minneapolis one year, and in 1871 ran on the Missis¬ sippi River as second pilot on the steamer Rock Island. In 1872 he came to Wayne County, Ill., and in 1873, to White County, where he has been engaged in farming to the present time. He was married in September, 1878, to Cornelia Cleveland, a native of Posey County, Ind., born Aug. 23, 1851. They have one child - Arthur R., born Dec. 19, 1881. He enlisted in the war of the Rebellion. Nov. 12, 1862, in Company K, Twelfth Ohio Cav¬ alry, and served three years. He was shot through both hips, the ball passing straight through, at Mt. Sterling, Ky., in an en¬ gagement with John Morgan. He was mustered out in October, 1865, at Columbus, Ohio. Previous to this enlistment he had en¬ listed in Company B, Eighty-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in the three months' call, and served four months; was captured at Harper's Ferry, Va., in 1861, by Stonewall Jackson, and was pa¬ roled. There were 22,000 men under Colonel Miles. The Colonel rode out on London Heights with a small escort and put up a white flag and surrendered the whole 22,000. The Eighth Iudiana Bat¬ tery discovering this, and believing that he had sold them to the rebels, turned their battery of six guns on him and shot both thigh's clean off. He lived four hours, and confessed that he had sold them to the rebels for $40,000.

Charles A. Spicknall was born in Mt. Washington, Feb. 17, 1846. His father moved to Louisville, Ky., where he lived thir¬ teen years, and removed to Rockport, Ind., and fitted out a trading boat, which he ran two years. Charles went with his father, assist¬ ing all he could. At the breaking out of the Rebellion they were at Colnmbns, Ky., and were obliged to leave the boat. They then went to Carmi, Oct. 23, 1861, where they have since resided. His father was in the dry-goods business till 1871, since then has been carrying on a tailoring establishment. Charles attended school and traded in country produce till 1871. The next two years he spent in the South, working at the carpenter's trade. While there he had pneumonia, and it was seven months before he was able to come home. He was an invalid three years. Since then he has had a market garden. He began on two and a half acres of ground, and now has twenty acres and raises fruits and vegetables. He supplies Carmi and neighboring towns at wholesale and retail. His is the only market garden in thirty -live or forty miles of Carmi. He has always been a Democrat in his political views.

John. T. Spicknall , M. D ., was born in Louisville, Ky., Oct. 24, 1828. He was a son of Richard Spicknall, a native of Washington City, his avocation being the mercantile. Dr. John T. com¬ menced the study of medicine under Dr. Stewart, of Carmi, in 1869. At the expiration of one year he began the study of dentistry under Dr. E. J. Conger; he studied with him three years when he attended three courses of lectures at the Louisville Medical Col¬ lege. He then returned to Carmi and resumed the practice of dentistry, which he began in the year 1870. For a couple of years he practiced medicine in connection with dentistry. This he has abandoned now and practices surgery in connection with dentistry. The Doctor was married Jan. 16, 1878, to Emma Staley. She died ten months after their marriage. Jan. 4, 1882, he married Adaline Wilson.

A. A. Staley was born in Carmi, III., Jan. 18, 1855. His father, A. S. Staley, was a native of Virginia, and removed to Tennessee in an early day, and in 1832 came to Illinois settling near Carmi. He died in 1856, and Mrs. Staley married Thos. S. Hicks and went to New Haven, Gallatin County, to live. In 1868 A. A. left home and went to Evansville, Ind., where he remained till 1872, and then went to Rockport, Ind. While there he was engaged in the grocery business, part of the time in company with J. H. Walker, and part of the time alone. He sold out in 1881 and came to Carmi, and is now carrying on the milling business. He was mar¬ ried Feb. 24, 1881, to Mrs. MaryM. Allen, daughter of Captain C. C. and Betty (Blunt) Mason,. a native of Grand View, Ind., born Oct. 3, 1855. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Captain Mason was shot in Kentucky while on duty placing pick¬ ets out, and was brought home and buried in Indiana.

George S. Staley was bora in Montgomery County, Tenn., Jan. 31, 1828, and came to White County with his father, A. S. Staley, in the spring of 1832. His mother, Sophia E. (Funk) Staley, died in 1848. His father died in May, 1856. George is their only liv¬ ing child; he has one half-brother, A. A. Staley. The rest of the children died in infancy. Mr. Staley resided on a farm two miles east of Carmi till he was twenty-two years old, when he went to Gravville and engaged in merchandising four years. Most of the time since then he has been milling. He purchased a mill on the east side of the Little Wabash, at Carmi, that was started by Lowrey Hay, about 1820. It had been owned by several parties pre¬ vious to Mr. Staley's purchase. It is a fine water-power; the mill is a fine one and has a capacity of 400 to 600 barrels per week. Mr. Staley has recently purchased of James Fackney what was formerly the White Mills, on the west side of the Little Wabash. He changed the name to Carmi City Mills. Mr. Staley says the first milling he ever did was to bolt the flour by hand; while one would put the flour in by hand the other would turn the same as turning a grindstone. He has frequently gone to Lowrey Hay's little horse-mill, taking four horses and working half a day to get his grinding done, paying one-fourth of his corn and doing his own grinding. He was married March 27, 1849, to S. J., daughter of John and Margaret (Loury) Noel, of Mt. Yernon, Ind. They are the parents of eight children, four living - L. L., born in 1850; George A., in 1863; Sarah C., in 1867; Mary S., in 1871. L. L. is the present Sheriff of White County. Mr. Staley is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He also belongs to Carmi Lodge, No. 272, A. F. & A. M. Mrs. Staley's parents were both natives of Ohio. Her mother died in 1880, aged eighty-eight years, and her father is still living, aged ninety years last June.

j E. L. Stewart , Jf. Z>., was born in Carmi, White County, Nov. 6, 1824. He was a son of Dr. J. Stewart, who emigrated from Livingston County, Ky., in 1816, and practiced in Carmi till his death, which occurred in April, 1865, being seventy-five years ot age. Dr. E. L. Stewart seems to be a natural-born doctor. From his infancy he was raised in his father's office. Medical terms and medicines themselves were familiar to him before he grew to be a young man. When but nine years of age he dealt out pre¬ scriptions in the absence of his father, it being at the time cholera first made its appearance. The Doctor being too young to prac¬ tice, turned his attention partially to farming in connection with his medical studies. He was of great service to his father in compounding medicines, as in those days the majority of medi¬ cines came in their natural state. He well recollects the first ounce of quinine his father purchased in about the year 1831 or 1832, costing $16. Prior to this it had sold for the enormous sum of $20. Dr. Stewart received his medical education of his father, and graduated at Jefferson College, Ky., in 1859. He was offered the position of Surgeon of the navy, but refused, prefer¬ ring to practice in Carmi, where he resumed his practice, which he had commenced ten years previous. His first patient, Mr. Sam¬ uel Y. Stokes, is still living in White County. His practice has always been successful, and for three years he was the only phy¬ sician in Carmi. In August, 1862, Dr. Stewart enlisted as Surgeon in the Eighty-seventh Illinois Infantry; was at the battle of Vicksburg; then at the taking of Jackson. Afterward was on the Red River expedition. He was mustered out in July, 1865. He was the first Mayor of Carmi, and is to-day the oldest living inhabitant born in' Carmi. Is a member of the orders of Masons, Odd Fellows and Knights Templars. In 1854 he started Carmi's first drug store This he ran about four years, practicing at the same time. In 1872 he purchased a stock of drugs of a man who was leaving for California. This stock was destroyed by fire Jan. 1, 1881. The following October he was again started in his business. His stock invoices about $5,000. His loss by the fire was about $4,000, he owning the building. Dr. Stewart was mar ried Oct. 23, 1850, to Margaret Hargrave, who is still living, and th mother of three sons and three daughters, all of whom are still single and at home - Pattie W., Frank £»., Charles, Nannie, Mollie and Harry. Dr. Stewart's residence is built upon land that he himself cleared when a boy, it being a corner of his father's old farm.

IF. A. St. John was born in Wyoming County, Penn., Nov. 1, 1831, and is a son of Benjamin St. John, a native of New York. When W. A. was six years old he went to New Canaan, Conn., and attended school seven years. In 1846 he came with his father to White County, Ill., and settled on a farm near Carmi, where he remained ten years and then, in 1856, bought a farm three quarters of a mile east of the court-house, which he sold three years later. His father died in the spring of 1857, leaving a large stock of gro¬ ceries in Carmi, and W. A. came to town and carried on the busi¬ ness four years. He then sold out to his brother George and went onto his father's farm, and remained four years. Sept. 9, 1864, he came back to town and engaged with his brother in the drug busi¬ ness, and four years later sold out on account of his brother's poor health, and returned to the farm. He continued farming four years, and came to Carmi and bought an interest in the machine shop, where he remained three years. From Nov. 14, 1879, to March 1, 1882, he had a grist-mill. He then retired from business on account of poor health. He was married March 2, 1852, to M. S. Ary, who was born in White County in 1844. She died leav¬ ing two children - George T., born March 7, 1854, and Theodore M., Jan. 18, 1856. He married jfor his second wife Sarah C. Hood, a native of Tennessee, born Sept. 22, 1841. They have five chil¬ dren living - Estella M., born Feb. 18, 1868; Benjamin A., Jan. 1, 1870; Joseph M., July 12, 1873; Madaline Pearl, April 19, 1878. He has four children deceased - Emily A., died Sept. 22, 1864; Sallie H., Sept. 24, 1867; Mary Ida, Sept. 10, 1877; William Cary, Nov. 4, 1877. Mr. St. John is a member of Carmi Lodge, No. 272, A. F. & A. M., and Royal Templars of Temperance, Carmi Council, No. 63. He has been an Elder in the Presbyterian church twelve or fourteen years, and Sun Jay-school Superintend¬ ent. Politically he is a Democrat.

Hall Storms. - As this well-known citizen is the eldest of the Storms family now residing in White County, we take the liberty of placing under his name so much of their genealogy as might be interesting to the public. His father, John Storms, is sketched in Chapter XIII. On his mother's side we commence with Jarvis Pierce, of the last century, in England, who had sixteen children that grew up and were married. As soon as the youngest, also named Jarvis, was married, they had a family reunion at their old home in Derbyshire, when all the children and their consorts were systematically arranged on either side of the table, with their parents at each head. Some time after this the younger Jarvis Pierce emigrated to America, settling in Craftsbury, Orleans Co., Vt.; and after residing at Manchester, Mass., and Tro v, N. Y., he, in 1818, emigrated with his family to the distant West, settling in Gallatin County, on what has since been known as the Pierce farm, about four miles from New Haven. For a short period he was a resi¬ dent of Carmi, where he followed various mechanical occupations. His wife was Rhoda, nee Derby, a native of Scotland, and they had eleven children, namely: Myra, Eliza, Jarvis, Elmira, Merrick Porter, Julia Ann, Joseph Crawford, Lucy Towle, Mary Clark,

Henry Ranger and Celinda, all born between 1794 and 1818. Several of these are remembered by the old residents of White County. Lucy T. Pierce was born June 10, 1811, in Craftsbury, Vt., and in 1826, in Carmi, she married David C. Hick, of New York City, who died two years afterward. June 7, 1838, Mrs. Hick married John Storms, before mentioned, and Oct. 7, 1880, she died, a devoted member of the Presbyterian church. Of her six children the following five are now living: Hail, whose sketch is given more fully in this paragraph; Rosetta, who married Sidney M. Rogers ana resides at Grayville III.; North, a wellknown business man in Carmi; Laura, who married Rev. Benj. Land and is now residing temporarily in Texas; and Cuma. The two younger daughters have attended the Female Seminary at Oxford, Ohio, and take great interest in educational matters. Cuma is an artist of considerable merit. Hail Storms was born in Carmi and has lived here all his life; was County Surveyor from 1861 to 1869, and Sheriff, 1871-'4. He is a member of the Presbyterian church, in which he is Deacon. In the fall of 1882 he changed his residence to a cottage in the western portion of the village.

North Storms , referred to above, is the leading business man of Carmi. Formerly he was in the drug business at the old " Storms Place," and in 1874 he commenced dealiug in grain and agricultural implements. He is now gradually extending his operations in grain, until he finds it necessary to build a large warehouse and elevator, a description of which is given on a preceding page, among the industries of Carmi. May 7, 1874, in Mt. Carmel, Ill., North Storms was married to Miss Anna Habberton, a cousin of the celebrated John Habberton, author of the story "Helen's Babies," etc., and a relative of the famous Harper Brothers, pub¬ lishers at New York City. Mrs. Storms is a native of Vincennes, Ind., and passed most of her younger days before married at Mt. Carmel. The children by this marriage are Kathrina and John, - healthy, beautiful, intelligent and interesting. Both the Messrs. Storms referred to in this sketch have made the most of their prop¬ erty by close attention to business, driving it ahead with a .-ober steadiness that ought to be an example to every young man in the country. North Storms served a year and a half in the last war, enlisting in 1863, in Company E, Thirteenth Illinois Cavalry, as Orderly Sergeant, and afterward promoted First Lieutenant.

which he spent in Texas Connty, Mo. He has kept the county poor-farm for the last five years. He was married in 1862 to Eliza Seekers, a native of Ohio. Sept. 6, 1867, he married Mary E. Newman, bom in White County in 1830. He has no children. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas are members of the regular Baptist church. Politically he is a Democrat. He served three years in the war of the Rebellion, in Company H, Fourteenth Illinois Cavalry, Captain Lord, from near Springfield. He went to Camp Butler and from there to Kentucky. He was with the command when John Morgan was captured in Ohio. From there went to Som¬ erset, Ky., and to Knoxville, Tenn. f was in the battle at the latter place; was with Stoneman on his famous raid through Mississippi and thence to Atlanta, G-a. He was one of the twenty who were chosen to go into the rebel works at Atlanta; was one of the first to enter. From there went to Louisville, Ky., to be mounted again and get new uniforms, as they had been cut up badly on the raid through Mississippi. From there went to Nashville, Tenn., where he was in the two days' fight and was captured the second day; was held as prisoner only one day when he was paroled, the rebels having no way of keeping prisoners, the fight being so hot for them. They were then sent to Chattanooga, and there mustered out and sent to Nashville to be discharged and draw their pay.

Walter H. Thompson was born in Maryland, Feb, 16, 1853, and came to White Connty, Ill., in 1877, and settled in Carmi. He opened a shop as painter and paper-hanger, at which he is still en¬ gaged. He was married Feb. 19, 1881, to Cora Cortner, a native of Indiana, and a daughter of Peter Cortner, of Carmi. Mr. Thompson's mother died when he was four years old and his father in 1874, in Maryland. He is a member of the Knights of Honor. Politically he is a Democrat. In religious faith he is a Methodist.

William P . Tuley , eldest son of Edward P. and Julia M. Tuley, was born in Uniontown, Union Co., Ky., Dec. 13, 1858; father and mother both born in America. His father is of Virginian de¬ scent and mother of English descent. Left Uniontown at the close of the war and moved to New Albany, Ind., where he attended the public school up to the year 1870, when he again removed to Uniontown. In the spring of 1871 his parents again removed to New Albany. On the first Monday of September in the same year he passed a successful examination and entered the Male High School, where he studied all the higher branches of mathematics and classics. While in the third year of his coarse of studies, Mr. Paul F. Semonin, wholesale grocer, of Louisville, Ky., offered him the position of shipping clerk, which was accepted. After staying there a few months Mr. Semonin sent him as assistant manager in a large retail store in Slaughtersville, Ky. He resigned his posi¬ tion to take a coarse of bookkeeping at the New Albany Business College, where he graduated with high honors (getting 99.6 per cent, upon examination). In November, 1875, he left New Albany to ccept a position as bookkeeper and salesman for John C. Semonin & Co., of Carmi, Ill., where he remained up to Nov. 10, 1880, when he was appointed Deputy Circuit Clerk and Recorder under James H. Shipley. After the death of J. H. Shipley he was in charge of the clerk's office until Judge C. S. Conger appointed John D. Martin, Clerk, pro tempore^ when he was again re-appointed Deputy Circuit Clerk.

Thomas Turner was born in Pendleton District, now Anderson County, S. C., April 7, 1808. At the age of nineteen he attended the Churchill Academy, S. C., eight months; then went to Maury County, Tenn., and attended the Little Bigbee Academy eleven months. Then went to South Carolina, and then to Lincoln County, Tenn., and privately, with two other young men, prepared for Oxford College, at Miami, Ohio. Robert H. Bishop was the President. He had previously been President of Transylvania College, near Lex¬ ington, Ky. He graduated in 1832, and went home to South Car¬ olina and studied theology one year; then went to the A.R. Presbyterian College or Theological Seminary at Petersburg, Pa. He was licensed to preach in 1835. He preached his first sermon in Ohio. He belonged to the second Presbytery of the South Car¬ olina Presbyterian church. He took a tour, preaching through Indiana, Illinois and Missouri, thence to Tennessee, and preached at Troy, Tenn. He went through the Indian Territory to Alabama Florida and to the Gulf of Mexico; thence to Georgia, preaching all the way through. He was ordained minister of the General Reformed Presbyterian church in Newton County, Ga.; went to North Georgia. In 1858 he came to White County, where he owns 120 acres of land. He still preaches occasionally. He was married Oct. 13, 1836, to Martha B. Crane, of Greene County, Ohio. They have eight children - Harriet E., now Mrs. I. K. Butler; Martha A. R., now Mrs. W. W. Brockett; James F., born Jan. 5, 1844; John C., Nov. 14, 1846; Sarah L., Dec. 12, 1851; William

Elizabeth Ward was born in White County, Ill., July 28, 1828, where she was reared. She was married July 28, 1847, and has six children - Mary, Electa Ann, Joseph, Thomas, Benjamin and Jane. Her husband, Willis C. Ward, was born Feb. 10, 1824, and died July 19, 1882. He was born in Pennsylvania, where he ived till he was ten years old. He came to Illinois with .... .ither, and after a few years went to Cincinnati, O., where his father died. A few years after he came back to White County, where he purchased land and went to farming, . which he continued during life. The last years of his life he traded in lands. At the time of his death he had 640 acres of good land, besides mortgages on a large quan¬ tity of land. When young he was poor and had the care of a widowed mother and three sisters, but by hard work and good man¬ agement he made money and was able to leave his family in good circumstances. He was a member of the Missionary Baptist church. Politically he was a staunch Republican. He was a mem¬ ber of Oarmi Lodge, No. 272, A. F. & A. M.

Jacob Weintz was bom in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, Dec. 22, 1807. He came to America Dec. 12, 1850, and lived near Blairsville, Posey Co., Tnd., for two years; then in Wayne County, Ill., two years, and in 1854 came to Carmi Township. In 1860 he bought the place where he now resides - ninety-seven acres on sec tion 6. He also owns eighty acres in Hamilton County, making in all 177 acres. He was married June 15, 1839, to Elizabeth Hileman, also a native of Hesse, Germany, born Aug. 14, 1818. They have five children - John, Conrad, Margaret (now Mrs. Henry Gibbs), Barbara C. (now Mrs. R. C. Cleveland), and Amier (now Mrs. Edward Falder). Mr. and Mrs. Weintz are members of the Lutheran church. Politically he is a Democrat. Their son Con¬ rad was married Nov. 20, 1870, at the residence of the bride's par ents to Mary Ann Barnett, daughter of Elisha Barnett, and a native of White County, born June 4, 1849. They have no chil¬ dren. Both Mr. and Mrs. Conrad Weintz are members of the Christian church. Politically he is a Democrat. He enlisted in the war of the Rebellion in Company E, Thirteenth Illinois Cav¬ alry, Dec. 23, 1863, and served until the close of the war. He was at Pine Bluffs, Ark., most of the time; was mustered out at Pine Bluffs in September, 1865, and returned home and lived with /his

Frederick B. Wheeler was born in Binghamton, Broome Co., N. Y. , Sept. 3, 1855, where he lived till eleven years of age, when he went to Milford, Del., and lived four years; then went to Williamstown, Mass., and lived a year, and from there to New York, and shipped on a Norwegian brig bound for Londonderry, Ireland. After a rough passage of twenty-two days landed at Londonderry, where he remained three weeks, and then went to Bristol, England. From there shipped on an American ship, and after a passage of sixty-two days landed at Mobile, Ala. From there he went to Sagua la Grande, Cuba, on the American brig Elizabeth. He then went to Boston, Mass., and after five years' sailing to different parts of the world, he went to Cairo, Ill., where he procured a job as fireman on the Cairo & Vincennes Railroad, and remained three years. He was then promoted to engineer, and ran between Cairo and Vincennes till the fall of 1881, when the road went into the hands of the Wabash Road. He is now running between Cairo and Danville, under the employ of the Wabash Road. He was married Sept. 23, 1876, to Ella E. Creo, born in North Adams, Mass., Aug. 8, 1856. They have two chil¬ dren - Benjamin S., born Aug. 3, 1877, and Frederick H., in May, 1879. He is a member of Lodge No. 47, K. of P., Vincennes, Ind. He is also a member of the Brotherhood of Locomotive En¬ gineers, Danville, Ill.

F. 0 . Wilcox , druggist, was born in Licking County, Ohio, Sept. 5, 1854. He is a son of J. C. Wilcox, a resident of the same county, still residing there. Mr. Wilcox made his home with his father principally, till he was twenty-one years of age. In Feb¬ ruary, 1876, he came to Illinois on a visit, where he engaged as dry-goods clerk in Fairfield two years. Afterward went to Rinard and engaged in general merchandising, buying and shipping grain and stock, in company with his brother. He was engaged at this about two years. In June, 1880, he came to Carmi and purchased C. Nutter's stock of drugs, and has since been doing a successful business. He was married in May, 1880, to Miss E. C. Harper, a native and resident of Grayville, this county.

Albert Williams was born in Black Hawk County, la., Dec. 26? 1846. His father is a native of White County, Ill., and is living in Carmi, keeping a saloon near the depot. Albert has always lived on a farm till the past five years, since which time he has had a saloon in Carmi. He was married March 2, 1871, to Almedia Brevard, who was born near Covington, Ky., in 1855. They have had three children, all now dead. Politically he is a Democrat. He owns three houses and lots in Carmi, his residence, his saloon and one other.

George Williams was born in New York City, March 81, 1823 He was a son of Joseph Williams, an engineer by profession, who came to Illinois in October, 1836, settling near Mt. Carmel in Wabash County. Mr. Williams's parents were both natives of Ire¬ land - his father of Londonderry, and his mother of Belfast - and came to this country when they were children. His father died in 1860, at the age of sixty-two, and his mother two years previous, aged sixty. Their family consisted of ten children, seven sons and three daughters, George being the eldest. Of this large family six are living. George commenced for himself in 1850. When a boy he learned the carpenter'6 trade, and worked at it while at home. In 1850 he engaged in the saw-mill and lumber business in Grayville; remained there till 1855, when he came to Carmi and clerked three or four years. In March, 1864, he purchased a stock of dry goods below the court-house, and carried on business there about nine years. There were four or five other stores there at that time, but his business has been satisfactory most of the time. During Buchanan's time he had the postoffice in his building. In 1876 he moved to his present store on Main street. He has a large and complete stock of dry goods. He was married March 23, 1863, to Mary Ann Greathouse. She died in about a year. March 31,1868, he married Fannie T. C. Crebs. They have four children - George B., born Feb. 25, 1870; John M., Oct. 10, 1872, Elam S., March 5, 1876, and Joseph F., Oct. 10, 1880. This biography was written on the birthday of his two sons, John M. and Joseph F., Oct. 10, 1882. Mr. Williams had the first contract for carrying the daily mail fromZenia, Ill. (on the O. & M. Road) to Mt. Yernon. He was employed at this two years, and sold the contract to Bird, Patric & Co. In November, 1864, he was elected County Judge.

A. Willis was born in Posey County, Ind., in 1837. He was a son of A. Willis, Sr., a farmer by avocation. Mr. Willis, the subject of this sketch, therefore, was raised a farmer's boy, where he hoed the corn in summer, and attended the school in winter, till he was about eighteen years of age, when he turned his whole attention to farming, and was his father's help till he was twenty- one years of age, when he commenced to do for himself, working at home, however. This he continued till he was twenty-four years of age, when he enlisted in Company B, First Indiana Cav¬ alry. He was taken sick at St. Louis with typhoid fever, and he remained there for several weeks. At Pilot Knob he received his discharge, on account of inability, being gone from home only 103 days in all. In 1875 he became a citizen of Carmi, White Co., Ill., where we find him doing a fine business as a photographer. Mr. Willis was married in 1864, to Miss Jessie Rodenberger. They have a family of five children living, and two deceased. The names of the living are - Charles, Gertrude, Rufus, Allie and Ruth, ages, seventeen, fourteen, ten, five, three, respectively. Mr. Willis is the Select Consul of the Royal Templars of Temper¬ ance.

Thomas K. Wilson , farmer, Carmi, was born on the old home¬ stead westof town, July 27, 1833, and is the son of Hon. William Wilson, so well known in the early history of Illinois. He was brought up on the farm, attended the Ayer's University at New Albany, Ind., in 1851, and then the Western Military Institute at Drennon Springs, Henry Co., Ky. In April, 1854, he went to Cali¬ fornia, where he followed mining one year and taught school two years, with eminent success. Sacramento was chiefly his home. On leaving he was offered $400 a month to remain as teacher, but his father having died here and left the estate to be settled by him, he had to return, in 1857. He moved into the town of Carmi in 1864, where he still resides, on Main street, fifth house west of Jessup street. Feb. 15, 1863, Mr. Wilson married Mrs. Lucinda R. Boyd, a native of Carmi and a daughter of Solomon and Jane Tories. By her former husband she had one son - James S. Boyd, Jr., one of the proprietors of the White County Democrat. She died March 16, 1865, and March 18, 1875, Mr. Wilson mar¬ ried Mrs. Mary O. Nevitt, a daughter of Richard Spicknall, and bom in Salem, Ind. When quite young she moved to Louisville, Ky., where she remained until grown; then the family removed to Rockport, Ind. She first married Mr. Nevitt, and in 1869, about four weeks after his death, she came to Carmi, whither her parents had come during the war. She is a member of the Meth¬ odist Episcopal church. By her former husband she had one daughter - Nellie E., bora at Rockport, Ind., June 7, 1866. Mr. Wilson's children are - Hal King, bora Dec. 23, 1874; Anna Lilian, born April g9, 1877, and died March 20, 1881, and Mary Ozora bom March 4, 1878. Since moving into town Mr. Wilson has dealt in grain and tobacco, and attended to the farm at the old homestead. In 1872 he was elected Circuit Clerk, and served a term of four years. Politically he is a Democrat, and he has been a Freemason for about twenty years. He takes great inter¬ est in educational affairs, and is now a member of the Board of Education of Carmi, and a Trustee of the Southern Illinois Normal School and Commercial College.

George WoUhueter was bora in Germany, June 27, 1846, and came to America with his parents, George and Catherine (Hinkle) Wohlhueter, in August, 1855, landing in New York. They imme¬ diately proceeded to Evansville, Ind., and remained two weeks, and then went to New Harmony, Ind., and lived till 1871, engaged in farming, when they came to White County, Ill., and lived on a farm two years. Mr. Wohlhueter then came to Carmi, and learned the trade of an engineer, with H. McKintise, who was considered one of the best engineers of the country, and has been engineering to the present time. He ran an engine for the water supply of the railroad company a year. He has worked for William Smith and James Fackney, and is at present employed as engineer in the flouring mill of Malone & Bozeman. He was married Feb. 17, 1870, to Louisa Roser, who was bora in Germany, in 1850. They are the parents of five children, one deceased - Katie, Frederick W., Charles E., George D. Mary E. died in 1878. His father died Sept. 10, 1872, and his mother Jan. 17, 1873. Politically Mr. Wohlhueter is a Republican. He is a member of the German Lutheran church. He had four sisters - Catherine, wife of Frank Pfeister, died September, 1881; Elizabeth, wife of Charles Barth, died in 1880; Caroline, wife of Leonard Miller, was born in 1848; Sallie, wife of Martin Beck, was born in 1850.

George C. Ziegler was born in Baden, Germany, May 1, 1848, and came to America in 1852. He landed in New Orleans and came directly to White County. He lived on a farm three and one half miles northwest of Carmi until 1875. He then came to Carmi and commenced the manufacture of flourjbarrels, staves and heads. He now employs about sixty hands. He owns 120 acres of good land on section 4, Carmi Township. Politically he is a Republi¬ can. He served as Township Collector in 1874 and 1875. He was married in January, 1875, to Magdalena Miller, a native of White County. They have four children - William C., Jacob B., George E., and Samuel Arthur.

This township comprises one and]a half Congressional townships, and consists of the sonth half of township 3 south, range 9 east, and the whole of 4 south, 9 east. It is situated directly north of Oarmi, and lies between Phillips and Qray on the east, and Mill Shoals on the west. The surface is undulating, and in some parts quite hilly. The soil is rich and good for fruit, wheat and other farm products. Skillet Fork is a large creek, once navigable, run¬ ning through the southern portion of the entire township, com¬ mencing on section 19 and making its exit on section 25. There was formerly considerable prairie land in the center and northern part, which, having been thoroughly burned over at a certain time, gave rise to the name " Burnt Prairie."

A settlement was formed in this township before Carmi was laid out in town lots. The early settlers embrace the Wilmans, Weeds, Funkhousers, Vaughns, Hunsingers, Files, Yaughts, Stewarts, Frederick Williams, James M. Pomroy, Joseph Patton, Benjamin Reeves, Jehiel H. Reeves, Captain E. Merritt and George Bain, whose father came in 1806, and was probably the first settler in White County. Jacob Hunsinger came in 1818, and Adam Hunsinger in 1819. He cast his first vote in the county on a log at Mill Shoals. Abraham Yaught came the same year. Alexander Hamilton settled here about 1816. Rev. Harris preached the first sermon in the township at the house of Mr. Hamilton. Mr. Ary and Young Funkhoueer came in 1818. Ninian W. Young came to this county in 1822, at the age of thirteen years. He was brought by his parents from Kentucky, who settled near Liberty. He afterward moved to the vicinity of Carmi where he still resides.

An Englishman, named John Hefford, is said to have taught the first school in the township. First Baptist religious services were held in 1822 or 1823. The first Baptist church organized was in the house of Fulkard Fulkerson, on the farm now owned by Widow Dorrin in Liberty; the Mount Hope church has sprung from this. After several years a church was erected, three quar¬ ters of a mile north of Liberty, of logs. It was subsequently con¬ solidated with the Mount Pleasant church to build the church

The first Sunday-school in the township was established by Dr. Alexander Stewart. First election in Burnt Prairie Precinct was in 1818, in the house of Jacob Hunsinger, Sr., one mile south of Liberty.

- About 1818 or 1819 Ezekiel Hunsinger's father, in moving from Kentucky to this State, brought a large number of hogs with him, which were afterward attacked frequently by bears, and some of them came home at times badly mutilated. About fifty of the hogs finally made up their minds to migrate back to old Kentucky, just as human beings often did when molested by Indi¬ ans or otherwise. They went in a direct line toward their old home, swimming the Ohio River. Mr. H. followed them into the " Corncracker " State, but lost track of them.

John Stewart, son of Dr. Alexander Stewart, while in the forest Dec. 16, 1829, hunting for a cow, was mistaken tor a wild turkey and was shot.

In 1821, Rev. Stephen Williams and Robert Rawls, came from Kentucky with their families and settled about three miles south¬ west of where Liberty has since existed. Williams was the first preacher in this township, and was of the Regular Pedestinarian Baptist denomination. Here he entered land and opened up a farm in the wilderness. Both he and his wife died many years ago. Their son, Thomas Williams, married Susan Rawls, and had six daughters and one son; the latter is J. R. Williams, an attor¬ ney in Carmi, and a further sketch of him is given in Chapter Y. Thomas Williams resided on a farm near where his father settled until the spring of 1881, when he removed to Oarmi.

John F. Haynes was one of the old settlers of Burnt Prairie. He was bom in Hamilton County, Ill., near McLeansboro, July 9, 1818. His parents were Captain John Haynes and Mary Ann (Green) Haynes. They were also old settlers of White County, having come as early as 1819, from Tennessee. The Captain was in the Black Hawk war; he raised the "Haynes Company," and was elected their Captain; was present at the capture of Black- Hawk. After this war he settled in Burnt Prairie Township, sec¬ tion 34, where he died in 1839, aged fifty-two years. His wife died in 1850, aged sixty- two. John was the sixth of eleven chil¬ dren. His early life was spent on a timbered farm. He attended school in a log cabin on a farm now owned by Leonard Miller, on section 35. He was twenty-one years of age at the time of hi* lather's death. He then went to Cado Parish, near Shreveport, La., where he taught school a portion of the time; was overseer on a cotton plantation two years. He afterward returned to Illi¬ nois an 1 married Miss Harriet M. Johnson. She was born in Tennessee, and was a daughter of John Johnson.

After his marriage Mr. Haynes returned to Louisiana, and re¬ mained thirteen months. While there he worked at hewing, put¬ ting up buildiugs, etc., then came back to the old homestead where he still resides. They have had nine children, four living - Albert; Henrietta, now wife of Joseph Harrison, and lives in this township on a farm; Virginia, wife of Robert Rawls, and residing on a farm in this township, and Charles C. Mr. Haynes owns forty acres of land under a good state of cultivation. He is not only one of the oldest settlers of White County, but is one of her most enterprising citizens. He has lived to see the county change from a wild, uncultivated state where wild animals roamed at will, to its present prosperous condition. In politics he has always been a Democrat, and cast his first vote in 1839. His father was quite a hunter; he killed seventy-nine bears in this and Hamilton counties.

The first school-house built in this township was of round logs and very small. As there was no floor, the fire was made on the ground in the middle, the smoke going through a hole in the roof. The first window wa6 made by a log being left out; afterward waste paper greased was pasted on slats and placed in the aper¬ ture. A common method of punishment for boys wras by making them sit outside of a joist in the smoke over the fire.

Of the old settlers now living there are : Adam Hunsinger, Jr., Jacob Hunsinger, Jr., William Vaught, Ezekiel Ilnnsinger, Isaac Majors, George Bain, J. T. Fnnkhouser, Daniel Stewart, Virgii Funkhouser, Melvin Funkhouser, James Puntne#y, Thomas Ran¬ dolph, H. C. Fulkerson. John Doshu, D. R. Downier, and Noah Staley.

Mount Pleasant Church . - This church was first organized in the house of Fulkard Fulkerson, near Liberty, July 24, 1830, with Stephen Williams and Elias Roberts as Elders, and the following members : William Morgan, Fulkard Fulkerson, Daniel Hunsinger, Samuel Robertson, John Hnnsinger, Jacob Matthews, Adam Hunsinger, George C. Pope, AdamC. Hunsinger, Isaac WilliHms, J. Calkin, Elias Roberts, Josiah Daniels, George Hunsinger, Jane Robertson, Polly Fulkerson, Margaret Puntney, Elizabeth Hunsin¬ ger, Polly Hunsinger, Polly Bailey, Elmira Crowder, Sallie Will¬ iams, Eliza Vaught, Charlotta Crowder, Margaret Rawls, Anna Roberts, Permelia Coleman, Nancy Calkin and Margaret Hunsin¬ ger. These brothers and sisters were constituted a church on the articles of faith of the Little Wabash Association. The present membership is 169, with William Defer and Winfield S. Cleveland, as Elders; Stephen Williams also officiates. James Puntney and Jeremiah Hunsinger are Deacons.

Salem Church (United Baptist) was organized in September, 1858, with a membership of thirty. The first pastor was D. C. Walker, who was born in White County. He was succeeded by C. J. Kelly, J. B. Smith, S. C. Pendleton, B. S. Meeks, William Funkhonser and Allen Emerson. The latter is the present pastor, and there are 112 members.

Bethel Church, an organization of the Missionary Baptists, in Burnt Prairie Township, three miles southeast of Liberty, has a small membership. It was built about twenty years 6ince. It is a log structure. Services are held only once a month.

Burnt Prairie Manual Labor Seminary

This was instituted Jan. 15, 1836, by the creation of George Borah Woods, M. Hamilton, James Miller, Morgan Wallace, Abisha Goodrich, Joseph Campbell and Anthony L. Hamilton a body politic, by the name and style of the " Trustees of the Burnt Prairie Manual Labor Seminary, " the building to be located on the north half of the northwest quarter of section 2J, and the southeast quarter of the southwest quarter of section 13, township 3 south, range 8 east, in the district of lands offered for sale at Shawneetown. The powers and duties of this corporation were the same as those of similar institutions elsewhere in the State. They were to fix the amounts and rates of labor, prescribe the course of study, etc., the institution to be open to all denominations of Christians.

Liberty

This nice little village was started into existence as early as 1818, and named by Jehiel H. Reeves. Frederick Williams opened the first farm at this point, b niltt he first house, and opened the first store. He and his brother Jeremiah were natives of Scotland, were carpenters and millwrights, and built the first mill at Liberty, the first in the township.

The first wagon shop was started by Jack Russell; the first blacksmith shop, by Andrew Smith, Sr. He also built the first horse-mill in the township. The first shoemaker was Wm. Alli¬ son. The first physician was Dr. Alex. Stewart. Dr. Cutler was another physician here in early day. The first school-teacher was Philena Cook.

The first marriage near Liberty was that of Adam Files and Dicey Williams, who indulged in the romance of an u elopement." While attending a party one evening, she mounted a horse behind him, and away they went. Her father threatened to shoot her lover, but failed to find him.

Liberty Mills. - This is the first steam-mill built in the place. It is three stories high and basement, has the latest-improved machinery, and is complete in every part. The engine is of fortyfive horse-power, has an iron tank and doctor for feed-water, and all the latest improvements belonging to a modern engine and boiler for flouring mill. There are two sets of thirty-six-inch burrs for wheat and one thirty-six-inch nnder-runner for corn; also a pony stone and steel rollers for new-process flour, a purifier of five sixteen-inch bolt reels and extra fine bolt chests, containing six reels, covered with the finest bolting cloth. The proprietors, Holmes & Young, manufacture three fine grades of flour, classed as "A," "B" and "C," all branded with crossed flags and the name "Liberty" underneath.

Mr. Davis was but one year old when he was brought by his parents to this county; was left an orphan, and is a self-made man. He established his present store in 1858. He started with small

Burnt Prairie T0Wn8Hip

Mr. Morrison is from Scotland; first taught school in this county a number of terms. In 1867 he formed a partnership with Mr. Campbell, who died in 1864, since which time Mr. Morrison has conducted the business alone.

Mr. Haefele came from W urtemburg, Germany, in 1852, and was the first cigar-manufacturer in town. There were then but three houses in the place. He began with a capital of only 5 and an honest face, but has made his way up to the top of success. He was Postmaster here 1871-'5, and since 1880 has been serving in the same capacity. His present store he started in 1859.

Paul R. Boyce is a rising young merchant of considerable merit. He has taken great interest in education, notwithstanding his early poverty. When young he used to go to school barefoot, even in winter. He has taught school, and done much to educate himself. He has the only exclusive grocery store in Liberty.

J2. H. Puckett keeps a furniture manufactory and store. The hotel is kept by Mrs. Mary P. Vaught, a native of Wayne County, Ill., who married Wm. M. Vaught, deceased, an old settler. In 1866 they bought the present hotel, which has recently been re¬ fitted and furnished. It is pleasantly situated.

Physicians. - Dr. Wesley Phillips was born in Ohio County, Ky., came to White County in 1858, taught school, read medicine, attended various institutions in Kentucky and Illinois, and finally graduated at Rush Medical College, Chicago. He was Assistant Surgeon of the Twelfth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, in the last war.

Dr. Pleasant J. Puckett came here from Tennessee in 1866. He is a graduate of the Physicians Medical School of Cincinnati. Has been a member of the Christian church forty-four years, and Elder twenty-four years.

The Cumberland Presbyterian Church was organized in 1820. David W. McLin was the first minister, and Wood Hamilton the second. The first funeral services in Liberty, were held in the church of this society, and were conducted by Rev. McLin.

J. G. W.; Orlin H. Miner, G. Secretary. The present member¬ ship is thirty-three, all in peace and harmony. Officers are: J. R. Ennis, W. M.; R. H. Wheeler, S. W. ; Wesley Phillips, J. W. ; John Haefele, Treasurer; Isaac Cravens, Secretary.

1860. - Number of schools, eight; male teachers, nine; schoolhouses, eight, all log; number of pupils, 394; male pupils, 220; female, 174; number of persons under twenty-one years of age, 682; average number of months of school, six and one-half; high¬ est monthly wages paid to teachers, $35; lowest, $25; township fund, $1,207.21; State fund, $466.80; tax, $831.98.

1882. - Number of males under twenty-one, 569; females, 533; total, 1,102 ; number of males over six years of age, 371 ; females, 357 ; number between twelve and twenty-one that can neither read nor write, two; number of ungraded schools, seven; graded, one; total number of months of school, seventy; average number of months, thirteen and three-fourths; number of pupils enrolled, 567 ; num¬ ber of male teachers, ten; female, live; total days' attendance of pupils, 41,541; number frame school-houses, five; log, three; high¬ est monthly wages paid male teacher, $50; female, $30; lowest monthly wages paid any male teacher, $17.50; female, $20; amount earned by male teachers during the year, $2,025; female, $705; amount of district tax levied for the support of schools, $2,765 : estimated value of school property, $5,670; amount of bonded school debt, $1,300; income of township fund received during the year, $78.59; received from county superintendent, $532.65; in¬ cidental expenses of treasurer and trustee, $2.90; paid for publish¬ ing annual statement, $5.45; compensation of treasurers, $50; amount distributed to districts reported in this county, $504.29; total amount received by township treasurer during the year end¬ ing June 30, 1882, $5,309.80; total expenditures for the year, $4,463.05.

John G. Adams was born in Cluster District, S. C., Jan. 1, 1840. His parents were John and Mary (Brown) Adams, natives of South Carolina, and members of the Old School Presbyterian church. J. G. was the youngest of their four children. His parents died when he was between four and five years of age. He then lived with John Marlin, and when ten years of age, in 1850, can\e with him to White County, Ill. Mr. AdamB lived with Mr. Marlin until twenty-two, when, in July, 1862, he enlisted in Company I, Eighty-seventh Illinois Mounted Infantry, and remained in the service until the close of the war. Was in the battle of Vicksburg, Jackson, Miss., and all other engagements of his Company. He returned home to White County at the close of the war. He mar¬ ried Rachael Adams Aug. 24, 1866. She was born in South Caro¬ lina and was a daughter of John and Nancy (Marlin) Adams. Mr. and Mrs. John G. Adams had five children, four living - Robert, Thomas, Lee, and Archie. The mother died Feb. 8, 1875. Mr. Adams married Mrs. Mary Jane (Malone) Ballard in May, 1876. She was born in Tennessee, and was a daughter of Thomas and Eliza Malone. Mrs. Adams is a member of the Missionary Baptist church. Mr. Adams owns a fine farm of 150 acres, 115 of which is under a high state of cultivation. In politics a Democrat.

John Appel was born in the city of Ulriclistun, Frankfort-on- the Main, Hesse, Germany, Feb. 11, 1843. His parents were John and Elizabeth (Repp) Appel. His ancestors have been black¬ smiths for several generations back. John was the youngest of seven children. He attended school until fourteen, when he learned the blacksmith's trade. When twenty he began to travel, working at his trade; he traveled in Switzerland and France five years, then returned home one year; then came alone to America, landing in New York City; was thirty-five days at sea. He re¬ mained in New York some six months, then shipped as blacksmith on a whaling ship, and went to the West Indies; thence to Green¬ land, and remained eighteen months on this ship; then returned to New York City. In the spring of 1871 he went to Buffalo, N. Y., and worked three months; then went to La Crescent, Minn., a.,d worked one year; then- to La Fayette, Ind., and remained five or sixmonths; then to Mt. Carmel, Ill., and thence to Carmi; re¬ mained here until April, 1875, when he came to Centerville and opened a shop and worked here until the fall of 1877, when he made a trip to the old country and visited the home of his boy¬ hood, and in the spring of 1878 returned to Centerville. Sept. 26, 1878, he married Lucy E. Randolph, who was born Sept. 18, 1859, and was a daughter of Thomas and Mary (Pace) Randolph. Mr. and Mrs. Appel have one son - Randolph, born Nov. 1, 1880. Mr. Appel is the only blacksmith in Centerville. He also owns a farm of 214 acres in Burnt Prairie and Phillips townships. Mrs. Appel is teaching the McKinney School. Politically Mr. Appel is a Democrat.

Geo. W. Bain was born in Phillips Township, White Co., Ill., July 6, 1828. His parents were Daniel and Susannah (Dozier- Ary) Bain. His father was born in Virginia, of Scotch descent. When a boy of fourteen he enlisted in the Revolutionary war and served four years - until close of that war; was in the battle of Bunker Hill. He was a member of the Old School Presbyterian church and died in 1838, aged 78. His mother was born in Virginia and was of German descent. She and her husband had both been mar¬ ried and had families of their own when they married ; he had twelve and she six children, all living when they were married. They had a family of two sons and four daughters. Geo. W. was the second son and fifth child by this union. His father came to White County before Carmi was settled, in 1806. Geo. W. was about a year old when his father moved to Terre Haute, lnd., and remained nine years on a farm; then returned to Franklin County, Ill., where the father died. He then lived there until 1844, when his mother died. George then came to White County to his half brother's, John Ary, and followed farming with him one year, when he settled on his farm in Burnt Prairie Township, and two of his sisters kept house for him until his marriage to Adeline Madden, Jan. 5, 1851. She was born in Edwards County, Ill., Dec. 20, 1831, and was a daughter of Robert and Barbara (Thompson) Madden. Mr. Bain still resides on hi6 farm in Burnt Prairie, where he owns sixty acres, forty-five in Burnt Prairie and fifteen in Mill Shoals Township. Mr. and Mrs. Bain have had seven children, four liv¬ ing - Mary E., born Sept. 3, 1851, died Dec. 25, 1876; Robert, born July 25, 1854, was drowned in the Skillet Fork River Aug. 6, 1877; Armita, born Jan. 2, 1858, died Jan. 23, 1858; Geo. W., born Sept. 7, 1859; John G., born Aug. 29, 1862; Clementine born Jan. 1, 1865; Charles T., born Sept. 15, 1869. They reside on the old homestead with their parents. Politically Mr. Bain is a Republican. He and his wife are members of the Christian church.

Jacob Barth was born in Baden, Germany, near Karlsruhe, capital of Baden, July 17, 1838. His parents were Marks and Anna E. (Zutavern) Barth. They were members of the Evangeli¬ cal church. Jacob was the second son and fourth child of their seven children. He attended school until nine years of age, when, in 1848, he came with his parents to America. They were fortyfour days at sea, and landed in New Orleans, and came to Shawneetown up the Mississippi and Ohio rivers, and a few days after came to White County, and settled on the farm in Burnt Prairie Township where the father died Feb. 21, 1872. He was born in Baden, Germany, city of Heidelshein, March 8, 1798. His wife died here Dec. 31, 1867. She was born Dec. 31, 1802, dying the same day of the month she was born. Jacob Barth is now living on a part of the old homestead. He was married to Mary Appel, Feb. 22, 1866. She was born in Baden, Germany, Nov. 25, 1843, and was a daughter of George and Sophia (Frank) Appel. After Mr. and Mrs. Barth .were married they settled on their present farm on sections 34 and 35, where he still resides, and where he owns a fine farm of 116f acres, 95 acres under cultivation. Mr. and Mrs. Barth are members of the Evangelical church and have had nine children - George J., born Jan. 13, 1867; Anna E., born Sept. 13, 1868; Maria Sophia, born Sept. 18, 1870; Magdalena*

Karl F. Barth was b$ru near Karlsruhe, Baden, Germany, May 2,1841. His parents w ere Marks and Anna (Zutavern ) Barth. They were members of the Evangelical church. Karl F. was the youngest son and sixth child of seven children. He was but seven years of age when he came with his parents to America, and a few days after his parents came to White County, Ill., where he is now living on a part of the same farm and in the same house that his father lived. Karl F. married Mrs. Elizabeth Wohlhueter April 23, 1867. She was born in Alsace, France^ and was a daughter of George and Catherine (Reugel) Wohlhueter. After his marriage Mr. Barth settled on the same farq^ where he now resides and where he owns a farm of 160 acretff 100 under cultivation. Mr. and Mrs. Barth are both members of the Evangelical church. They had afamily of six childron-^Catherine E., born Jan. 23, 1868; Caroline, born Aug. 12, 1869; Marks F., born Jan. 7, 1874; Wilhelm C., born Sept. 3, 1873; Louise M., born July 31, 1875; Wilhelmena B., born Sept. 11, 1876. Mr. Barth has held the of¬ fice of School Director in his township. In politics he is a Dem¬ ocrat.

- * Francis Beck , farmer, section l! Carmi Township, was born in Dayton O., Dec. 16, 1841. His parrtits were Martin and Marga- *ret (Ditter) Beck, who came to America aW landed in New York and went to Ohio, and in 1847 came to White County, Ill., and settled iruPurnt Prairie Township. Francis was the eldest of a family of -eight children. He was but six years of age when he came to White County. He lived on the farm with his father un¬ til his marriage to Miss Mary Harpster, Nov. 10, 1860. She died soon after. In the fall of 1862 he enlisted in the Eighty-seventh Illinois Infantry. He remained in. the service until the close of the war, when he returned to White County. He then bought a farm of 110 acres on sections 35 and 36, Burnt Prairie Township, which he still owns, and where he resided until the spring of 1882, when he moved on his farm on section 1, Carmi Township, where he has a farm of 100 acres. He also owns 240 acres in Hawthorne Township, making a fine farm of 450 acres, 280 under cultivation, and all of the 450 fenced. Mr. and Mrs. Beck are both members of the Evangelical church. They have bine* children - Frank D. William,* Ella, Edward, Anna, George, - Oscar, Julia and Lucy. Mr. Beck has held various local offices of trust in his township, and was Corporal in the army. He was Collector in, Burnt Prairie Township twfl years. In ^pdlittes he i^ a regular Old Hickory Democrat.

Martin C. Beck was born on the farm where he sftill resides, on sections 35 and 36, Burnt Prairie Township, April 26, 1856. His parents were Martin and Margaret (Detter) Beck. They were .natives of Germany. They came to America, landing in New York, and soon after came to White County, Ill., at an early day. They were members of - the Evangelical church. Martin is the youngest of their eight children. He was married to Miss Sally _ WohlRueter, Oct. 5, 1876% 4 was born in Germany, and was a daughter of George and Catherine Wohlhueter. Mr. and Mrs.^ Martin Beck are both mejnber^ of the Evangelical church. They have two children - Amelia and*Noah W. Mr. Beck own# a farm of 200 acres, 140 under cultivation and well stocked. In politics lie is a Democrat. He was elected Commissioner of Highways in April, 1881, and still holds that office.

WiUiam T. Bennett was born near New Harmony, Posey Co., Ind., Nov. 13, 1836. His parents were Joseph and Elizabeth (Bennett) Bennett, natives of South Carolina. They had a family of four children, two sons and two daughters, William T. being the youngest. His father died when William was an infant, and his mother married William Wilkinson. He remained on the farm until twenty-one years of age, when he married Martha E. Carter, Nov. 24, 1857. She was born in Posey County, Ind., and was a daughter of Bane and Madalena (Chasteen) Carter. After his marriage Mr. Bennett moved to Lawrence County, where he farmed until August, 1862, when he enlisted in Company A, Sixtysecond Illinois Infantry, and remained in the service until the close of' the war. He returned home and then moved to Gibson County, Ind., and followed farming until 1872, when he came to White County, Ill., and purchased his present farm in Burnt Prairie Township, where he has since resided and where he owns a farm of eighty acres, sixty under cultivation. Mr. and Mrs. Bennett have had a family of four children - Mary E., born Aug. 21, 1858, died Jan. 15, 1873; Magdalena, born Jan. 24, 1860; Austin H., Feb. 16, 1862; William R., born March 22, 1869. They are mem¬ bers of the Christian church.

Christopher Boehringer was bom in Baden, Germany, Feb. 24, 1837. His parents were Christopher and Julia (Wagenick) Boehr inger. v They were members of the Lutheran church. Christian was the second of three children. He attended school until fourteen. He then worked at farming and at the linen- weaver's trade. When twenty years of age, in 1857, he came with his mother and sisters to America, landed in New York City after forty-two days at sea, and soon after came to White County, and joined his uncles in Burnt Prairie Township; followed farming and working at the coop¬ er's trade until August, 1862, when he enlisted in Company F, Eighty-seventh Illinois Mounted Infantry Volunteers, and remained in the service till the close of the war. He then came back to Burnt Prairie. In 1865 he bought a farm in this township. He was married here to Sophia Heap, Oct. 23, 1865. She was bom in Baden, Germany, and they were children together in the old country. She wk3 a daughter of Louis and Sophia (Kauzman) Reap. About five years after Mr. Boehringer's marriage, he sold his farm and moved into Carmi, and opened a store of general merchandise; engaged in this business until 1875, when he sold out and bought a farm in Carmi Township, and farmed here until 1 881, when he sold out and bought his present farm on section 86, Burnt Prairie Township, where he has since resided. He owns a fine farm of 104 acres, seventy acres under cultivation and well stocked. Mr. and Mrs. Boehringer are members of the Evangelical Associa¬ tion. They have a family of six children - Caroline, born Sept. 7, 1866; Katy, bora Dec. 13, 1870;Lottie, born July 25, 1874; Christo¬ pher, born Aug. 7, 1876; Johnnie, born Sept.29, 1879; William, born Jan.26, 1882. Inpolitics Mr. Boehringer is rather independent, and votes rather for the man than the party. He has held various local offices of trust in White County, where he has been identified for the past twenty-five years, since 1857.

David Bohlever was born in Vanderburg County, Ind., March 12, 1853. His parents were John and Barbara Bohlever, natives of Germany, and first settled in Ohio, then Indiana. They had t welve children, David being the sixth son. He married Anna Uhde, Feb. 26, 1877. She was born in Vanderburg County, Ind., and was a daughter of Andrew and Wilhelmena Uhde. After his marriage in 1877, Mr. Bohlever came to White County and bought his present farm of 120 acres in Burnt Prairie Township, White ( 'onnty, where he still resides. He and wife are members of the