White County, Illinois - Biographical sketches, 1883 (part 4 of 11)

Mrs. Mary P. Vaught , proprietress of the Vaught Hotel at Lib¬ erty, was born just across the line of White County in Wayne County, Ill., Oct. 9, 1839. She was a daughter of R. F. and Eliza¬ beth M. (Hunsinger) Cross, early settlers of Wayne County, Ill., and natives of Kentucky. Mrs. Vaught was the eldest of their four children, and when five or six years of age her parents moved to Burnt Prairie Township, White County. They were members of the United Baptist church. Mrs. Vaught married William M. Vaught, Dec. 18, 1859. lie was born in Kentucky Nov. 10, 1S30. Ilis parents were Francis and Elizabeth (Graves) Vaught. William was the third child of four children. When seventeen he went to New Orleans on a flat-boat with his uncle, and he worked with his uncle in a feed and provision store here for two or three years ; then went to St. Louis and opened a grocery store, and remained there until 1851:, when he came to Burnt Prairie Township, visiting his relatives, and married. lie and wife began farming in Burnt Prairie Township. They first moved into a little log cabin with a stick chimney that had but one window and but one room. They resided iu this cabin room eleven months, then bought a new place an<J built a larger house. They lived here on the farm until July 1866, when they came to Liberty and bought the present hotel. Mr. and Mrs. Vaught were members first of the Baptist and afterward joined the Cumberland Presbyterian church. They had seven children - Frances, born July 11, 1861, died June 6, 1862; Emily A., born June 18, 1862, married Leander Goudv, and resides in Enfield, where he is engaged:in business; Josie A., born Feb. 7, 1865; Elizabeth, born Aug. 13,1867, died Nov. 9, 1868; Molly, born Sept. 12,1869; Robert E., born June 22, 1872; Johnnie, born Aug. 14, 1875. Mr. Vaught died Feb. 23, 1878. Mrs. Vaught owns eight acres in Liberty in addition to her hotel.

James W. Whetstone, one of the pioneer children and represen¬ tative farmers of White County, was born in Gray Township, near the Little Wabash River, Dec. 22, 1837. IlisJ parents were John and Nancy (McCarty) Whetstone, lie was a farmer and was bom in Pennsylvania, and she in Kentucky. He was a member of the Presbyterian church. James W. was the oldest son and second child of four children. When about four years of age he went with his parents to Evansville, Ind., where the father died, and some two years after mother and family returned to White County, Ill., and settled with her parents in Burnt Prairie Township, where she died about 1831. James W. remained on the farm with his grandfather, attending school winters, until seventeen, when he began to work for himself. lie farmed in Burnt Prairie Township with Noah Staley, one of the oldest settlers of Burnt Prairie; worked with him one season, and then wcnt]with a friend, Stephen Williams, to Iowa. Mr. Whetstone hired out here on a farm and in a lime kiln two years, when he went to Pike County, Ill., and remained about four years; then returned to White County and hired to a farmer in Phillips Township one season; then returned to Burnt Prairie Township and bought a farm, and has resided in this township ever since. Was married here to Abigail Hunsinger, Dec. 23, 1.863. She was born in White County, and was a daugh¬ ter of John and Nancy (Crowder) Hunsinger, early settlers of White County. Mr. and Mrs. Whetstone are members of the Regular Baptist church. They have a family of ten children - George, born Dec. 4, 1864: John, born Oct. 12, 1S66: William, born May 10, 1868; Charley, born Oct. 3, 1869; Elizabeth, born July 2, 1*71; Susan M., born April 1, 1873; Louis D., born March 23, 1875; Laura E., born Jan. 27, 1877; Ida, born Feb. 4. 1879. and James 1L, horn Dec. 4, 1880. Mr. Whetstone owns a tine farm of 285 acres, 175 under cultivation and well stocked. In politics Mr. Whetstone is a Democrat. He is one of the old set¬ tlers and enterprising, representative men of the countv. lie started in life a poor, homeless boy, but by hard work and fair dealing has earned a fine property where he and family reside, lie has seen White County change from its wild, uncultivated state, to its present prosperous condition.

John Winter, Sr ., was born in Baden, Germany, Sept. 24, 1822. He came to America when a young man. He came to White County and settled on the same farm where he now resides, in Burnt Prairie Township. He was married here to Hannah Speeht. They are members of the Methodist Episcopal church and have a family of five sons and two daughters - John, married Lottie Reed and resides on their farm in Burnt Prairie Township; Christopher, born Dec. 11, 1855, f resides on the old homestead, as does Martin, who was born Aug. 8, 1858; George, born Nov. 25. 1866; 'William; Mary, wife of John Cast, resides in California; Caroline, unmarried resides on the old homestead.

Joseph W. Young , of Holmes & Young, proprietors of Liberty Grist-Mills, was born near Logan, Hocking Co., Ohio, Dec. 1, 1833. His parents were William and Nancy (Collins) Young, na¬ tives of Ohio. They had a family of three sons and two daughters. Joseph was the oldest son. His father was a blacksmith and farmer. Joseph remained on the farm until fourteen when he came with his parents to Grayville, where his father opened a blacksmith shop. Joseph, at the age of sixteen, began to learn the carpenter's trade, which he followed until 1867 when he bought a farm in Herald's Prairie and farmed and followed carpentering until 1881 when he rented his farm and formed his present partner¬ ship with Mr. Holmes and built the Liberty Mills. In September, 1881, Mr. Young and family moved to their present home in Lib¬ erty. Mr. Young married Emily Gann, Feb. 9, 1865. She was born in Emma Township, White Co., Ill., and was a daughter of Robert and Elizabeth (Chastin) Gann, old settlers of White County. Mr. and Mrs. Young have had seven children, four living - Nancy E., born Sept. 8, 1866; Joseph W., born June 2, 1873; Cyntha S., born Dec. 7,1877; Emily E., born Sept. 2, 1882. In politics he is rather independent.

This township embraces a fine farming district, and is situated in the southeastern corner of White County. It comprises fiftyeight square miles, and consists of township 6 south, range 10 east, and the north half of township 7 south, range 10 east. It is mostly timbered land, with some prairie land near the center. The Great Wabash River bounds it on the east, while the Little Wabash runs through the western portion. The Louisville & Nashville Railroad crosses the Big Wabash in the northeastern corner of the township.

The first settler was probably Robert Land, who moved here with his wife and four children in 1809, a more extended account of whom is given in Chapter II. Among the early settlers may be mentioned James Dorsey, Miles W. Burris, Joseph Garrison, Charles*Mobley, George, Alexander and Thomas Logan.

Aaron Franks, now a resident of Wabash Station, came to this county in 1832. He was born in West Virginia, about fifty miles below Wheeling; after living in Ohio about thirteen years, he came to this county, settling about half a mile southeast of where Wabash Station now is, during the Black Hawk war. His nearest neighbors at that time were Thomas Stephens, about a quarter of a mile west of him, in the little prairie; Mr. Goodin aud his son Joseph, about a quarter of a mile distant; John Holderby, also in the little prairie; and Joel Abshier. All these are now deceased. Mr. Franks is still living, his residence being on the bank of the Big Wabash, 200 or 300 yards from the saw-mill. To him we are indebted for some of the facts of history in this volume, especially those relating to improvement of navigation in the Wabash.

John Marshall, of Marshall's Ferry, is also an old resident, and one of the most prominent men of the township. He has in his possession a sword, which is one of those ordered by the State of Illinois and presented to the officers of the Mexican war. It has this inscription: "Presented to Major Samuel D.Marshall for servi¬ ces in the Mexican war." The sword is beautifully engraved, the battle of Cerro Gordo being represented on one side. It is very heavily plated with gold, as is also the scabbard, the whole being encased in satin in a tine rosewood case. He was an intimate friend of Abraham Lincoln; was in the Legislature with him one term, and was with him on the Harrison electoral ticket in 1840. John Marshall has iu his possession a letter from Mr. Lincoln written in February, 1849, to Major Samuel D. Marshall, Shawneetown, Ill.

There are also many relics of antiquity found in this 'township. Two skeletons were recently found on Colonel Crebs's land at the Little Chain, supposed to be those of Indians; how they c$me there no one knows.

Concord, Emma P. 0 . - At the first settlement of Sonthern Illinois, Concord was the garden spot of Egypt. She had her Logans, Lands, Slocumbs, Ilannas, Nevitts. Shipleys, Pomeroys, McCoys, and other families of great worth. Rev. Charles Slocurab was one of the grandest men in the whole community. George Logan was one of the ablest men in Southern Illinois. He repre¬ sented White County in the Legislature with great ability. These are the men, with many others, that felled the forest and reared the first houses in what to-day is known as Emma Township.

It was laid out Sept. 23, 1869, by Hail Storms, County Surveyor, for Matilda Shelby, John G. Robinson, James M. Jackson and Medora M. Jackson, and is located on the northeast quarter of the northeast quarter of section 29, town 6 south, range 10 east. The village had existed long before this survey, and had been a point of considerable note. It is stated that Charles and Stephen Slocumb settled here as early as 1815, and that a thriving village existed; but after their death the property changed hands a number of times, and now J. McCall ister owns a greater part of the village. There are two general stores, one owned by Mr. McCallister and the other by William II. Gray; one blacksmith shop, a wagon repair shop, also a warehouse on the banks of the Wabash, where considerable grain is purchased. An office has been built here for the use of the township. Wm. R. McDonald owns the north half of the vil¬ lage, and has lots for sale. It was named by Rev. Charles Slocumb, as of peaceful or religious significance.

although there are two stores, a postoffice, blacksmith shop, and a portable saw-mill. The station was located about twelve years ago, and there are now about a dozen houses, of no very pretentious appearance.

Elm Grove . - In 1844 Elm Grove first appeared as a place of business. William L. Garrison erected a storehouse, 12 x 14, under an elm-tree that stood by the roadside, and from which the place was named. He opened up a stock of, dry ^goods, groceries, etc., and from this miniature establish metft spraug the village of Elm Grove. It is located on the Garrison farm, sections 20 and 17, and was laid out by measurement, and lots sold, in 1849; subse¬ quently it was laid out by County Surveyor John Storms. From 1861 to 1865 this place was the center of a large territory, the in¬ habitants of which came here to trade. Business was very lively. There were three stores and two saloons; it was also a sporting location, especially that of the turf. There is scarcely anything now except a few dilapidated buildings, - all is silent as the grave. There is a Methodist church in the village, the only one in the township, and there is preaching every Sunday; all else seems dead. Even the old elm-tree is dead and returning to its original dust.

j Rising Sun . - This village is located on the west bank of the Big Wabash River, just north of Marshall's Ferry. It is situated on the southeast quarter of section 18, and was platted by Hail Storms for Maxfield Huston, who sold most of the lots at auction. Mr. II. died in August, 1873. There is a blacksmith shop, shingle machine, and a school-house, used also for church purposes. There are the ruins of an old saw and flouring mill, built in 1858 by John Marshall and run for several years; the machinery has been taken out and moved to Kansas. The village is surrounded by good farming land and good timber.

Marshall's Ferry . - This was the first ferry across the Great Wabash in White County, and was first called Codd's Ferry. Mr. Codd sold his claim to John Marshall, and the latter took out his patent for the south half of section 18, and the whole of fractional section 17. This is John Marshall's home. A store and postoffice were opened here in an early day, and were the first in White County. This ferry is about midway between the Grand Chain and the Little Chain, and about two miles east of Clear Lake, where hundreds go every year to hunt and fish.

Mr. Marshall built the first house in the village. The first black¬ smith was James M. Kroh; he is said to have made the first sor¬ ghum molasses in the State of Illinois, and was one of the first to distribute the sorghum seed throughout the United States and Canada.

The first school in this vicinity was a subscription school, taught by Mrs. Rowe and Adam Goodwin. The first district school was taught by Miss Mary Aldrich, of Posey County, Ind., now Mrs. Solomon Nesler, of Emma Township. John Field is the present teacher.

There is an old graveyard at or very near Marshall's Ferry. The date when this spot was first used as a burying place is unknown. The earliest date known is marked by a plain sandstone slab, on which is engraved: "sacred to the memory of QrooinJbright Bailey \ born in Baltimore, Md., May 1, A. D. 1732, - Died , A. D. 1817. " This and nothing more is known of this man's life or death, or how he ever came here at this early day, or who buried the body and erected the slab. Another broken sand slab, lying close beside the wagon track - daily travel passing over the grave - bears the name, " Robert Boss , born in Nortinvick, England; De¬ parted this life Feb. 8, 1820." On the top of this stone is cut a square and compass. There is the appearance of some forty or fifty graves scattered among the large timber within ten to fifty feet of the banks of the Wabash River, on a high ridge above the overflow of this stream. The place has not been used as a burial spot for over thirty years, and is entirely neglected. In the win¬ ter of 1809-'10, near Thomas Miller's, an Indian shot and killed a fine deer at a distance of eighty yards, with a bow and arrow, the latter having a Hint point.

Methodist Ejiiscopal Church . - This society was organized in August, 1866, by Revs. Sutton, Sellers and Stephen B. Slocumb. The first officers were: James C. Huston, Class-Leader and Stew¬ ard. Rev. Sellers was pastor, and served there three years; was succeeded by C. W. Sabin two years; Rev. Elam, one year; Mar¬ cus L. King, th re i years; Rev. R. H. Monierse, three years; Rev. Baird, two years; Rev. Mr. Field, two years; the latter is the present pastor. Services are held in the school-house. John W. Devers i* the present Steward and Class Leader, also Superinten¬ dent of the Sabbath-school, in which there are about forty scholars.

Old Christian or New Light Church was organized in 1879. James Schemmerhorn is the present pastor, and George W. Will¬ iams, Clerk. There is a membership of eleven persons.

Near Marshall's Ferry there is a circle of earth thrown up about two feet high, and about sixty feet across, with a mound in the center two feet high. This is unmistakably the work of human hands. On the circle there is an old black oak-tree about four feet in diameter. There are many mounds within a mile of the river, and gives an appearance of an old burying ground for peo¬ ple to history unknown.

The cholera of 1832 carried off two or three persons in the vi¬ cinity of Williams' Ferry, among them the wife of the elder Mr. Stephens. There may have been other cases in the township.

The County Superintendent's report gives the following, show¬ ing the progress schools have made in this township during the past twenty-two years:

1860. - Number of schools taught, 7; number of male pupils, 187; females, 166; total. 353; number under six years of age, 48; average number of pupils to each teacher, 49£; number of per¬ sons in the township under twenty-one, 523; average number of months of school, 7; number frame school-houses, 5; log, 2; teach¬ ers' wages per month, $25 to $35; State fund, $737.76; amount ex¬ pended for building new school-houses, $1,587.50.

1882. - Number of males over twenty-one, 428; females, 297; total, 725; total number over six years of age, 464; number of un¬ graded schools, 8; total number of months of school, 48; average number of months of school, 18; total number of pupils enrolled, 67; number between twelve and twenty-one unable to read and write, 16; number of male teachers, 9; female, 2; total number of days' attendance of pupils, 16,674; number of frame schoolhouses, 7; log, 1; highest monthly wages paid to male teachers, $40; female, $30; lowest monthly wages paid any male teacher, $25; female, $30; amount of district tax levied for support of schools, $1,344; estimated value of school property, $3,075; in¬ come of township fund received during the year, $436.59; inci¬ dental expenses of treasurers and trustees, $32.25; paid for publishing annual statement, $7.30; compensation of treasurers,

$180.18; total amount received by township treasurers during the year ending June 30, 1882, $3, 0S0. 53; total expenditures during the year, $2,486.00.

Justices of the Peace - Wesley McCallister and J. M. Campbell. 1873; Wesley McCallister and Daniel M. Absher, 1877; James M. Absher and James Edwards, 1881; James O'Neal, 1883.

Constables - R. W. Munsey and Jarrett McCallister, 1873 ; James M. Williams and James Edwards, 1875; James Edwards and Wyett Williams, 1S77; James Edwards and Barney B. York, 1881.

Daniel Abshert' was born Sept. 5, 1841, in Emma Township, about a mile from where he still resides. lie is a son of John and Sarah (Lowe) Absher, natives of Kentucky. He remained on s father's farm till he was nineteen years of ago, when he married and went to farming for himself. He now owns 240 acres of land in this township; part of it is the old homestead. His wife,

Mrs. Sarah Abslier, is a native of Posey County, Iml., and a daughter of Jesse Wells. They have four children - Elmer R.. Anna C., John and a baby boy not named. Politically he was brought up a Democrat, but since the war lias voted the Republ can ticket. He was Assessor in 1875, and was appointed Com missioner of Highways to till vacancy; served eight months Hehas been Justice of the Peace since April, 1877. He enlisted in February, 1862, in Company D, Fifty-sixth Illinois Infan¬ try. In the course of a year the company was disbanded on account of sickness and he was transferred to Company K; lie served through the war and returned home in August, 1865. He was in the siege and battle of Corinth, siege of Vicksburg, Mis¬ sion Ridge, under General Sherman and several small skir¬ mishes. He went through the war without a wound.

Henry F Ahsher was born Jan. 20, 1850, near Concord, Emma Township, White Co., Ill. He is a sou of John and Maria (Douthart) Absher. He lived with his father till he was twenty-one years of age, and then began life for himself. He was married Aug. 31, 1876, to Lucy E. Wilson, daughter of Nathaniel and Nancy Wilson, both natives of this county, who died when heir daughter Lucy was about five years old. They have one daugh¬ ter - Emma Prudence, born March 17, 1878. Mr. Absher has 160 acres that he rents under a good state of cultivation; fifty of it is in corn and seventy-five wheat. Politically lie is a Democrat, though not always strictly adhering to the principles of that party.

Joel M. Ab*hic)\ born April 7, 1838, on the place where he now lives, is a son of* Joel and Margaret (Miller) Abshier, both natives of Kentucky. His father was born in March, 1801, and came to this county when a boy. He entered eighty acres on section l,in 1838. lie died in December, 1852. His mother was born in 1806, and came to this county when young. She died in February, 1853. Joel M. was brought up on the farm, and after his parents' death purchased it. He subsequently purchased more land ad join¬ ing, and now has 160 acres in a square, the most of it finely culti¬ vated. lie was married March 12, 1857, to Hannah J. Stevens, born in this township Jan. 6, 1841. They have had eleven chil ¬ dren, six living - Harriet A., Thomas F., Emma J., Charles M. Rosellaand Lillie R., all living at home. Politically Mr. Abshier is a Republican; cast his first vote for Fillmore in 1856. He en¬ listed Aug. 2, 1862, in Company C. Eighty -seventh Illinois Infan¬ try, and served three years; was afterward mounted. He was with his regiment all through the Southern States; skirmished and scouted a great deal; was in some very close places; was in the battle of Sabin Cross-roads under General Banka.

Hteronimns Aman , son of Adolphus and Sarah (Rupert) Aman, was bom in Herald Prairie, White County, Ill., Feb. 18, 1828. His father was a native of Germany, and came to this country in 1818, and shortly after located in this county, where he died in 1841. His mother was a native of Kentucky. They were mar¬ ried in 1821, and were the parents of seven children, five of whom lived to man and womanhood. Three are still living. Mrs. Aman died in 1839. Mr. Aman lived on the farm with his parents till their death. He was married in 1858 to Mrs. Malinda (Thomp¬ son) Culbreth, a native of Indiana. They have six children - John D., Nancy Ann, William S., Ellen Elizabeth, Sarah Jane and Ida Bell, all living at home. Mr. Aman settled on his present home of 120 acres in 1867. He also has forty acres two miles southeast of home. He is a good farmer, and has 100 acres under a good state of cultivation. Politically he was a Whig, but since the war has voted the Democratic ticket.

Robert W. Boyd , born near Bellefontaine, Logan County, O., Nov. 20, 1833, is a son of Archibald and Mary (Wilson) Boyd. His father was a native of Mason County, Ky., and his mother of Fayette County, O. His mother died leaving two sons - Thomp¬ son and Robert W. His father married a second wife, Miss Moffatt, and the family moved to Coles County, Ill., where they reside ! till his father's death in 1847. Robert W. then came to Gallatin County to live with his uncle, John W. With the ex¬ ception of six years, spent in Ohio, he has been a resident of Illi¬ nois since first coming to the State. He married Mary, daughter of Georg and Martha Bailey. They have had seven children - Erskin, Ida, May Lulu, Florence, Geo. L., Martha L. and Thomp- son Archibald. Mr. Boyd's paternal grandmother's maiden name was Margaret Thompson. He has been a citizen of White County twenty-three years. In 1863 he enlisted in Company H, Four¬ teenth Illinois Cavalry; was in the Army of the Cumberland. His was the first company in the capture of Morgan. His com¬ pany did scouting, patroling and raiding work. They were sur¬ rounded by the rebels several times, and had to cut their way out to avoid being captured. Mr. Boyd has captured many rebels himself; captured one man who was armed to the teeth. He was discharged at Pulaski, Tenn., and paid off at Nashville.

John S. Brumblay , born in Dearborn County, Ind., Dec. 18, 1814, is a son of John and Andesiah (Truit) Brumblay, natives of Maryland, who both removed to Dearborn County, Ind., when they were young, and remained there. His mother died in Indi¬ ana in 1865. Soon after his father went to Cincinnati, where he still resides. They reared nine children out of a family of twelve. John S. is their fifth child. He was brought up on his father's farm, and had the advantage of a good education; attended the Morris Hill College. April 6, 1868, he came to this county, locat¬ ing on his present farm, on section 18, town 6, Emma Township, where he owns fifty-six acres. When he came here there was scarcely a tree cut on his place, but by his own labor he now has it under a good state of cultivation. He was married Oct. 30, 1868, to Sarah E., daughter of Maxfield and Electa Huston, who was born in Ohio County, Ind., Dec. 31, 1847. They have one son, Walter W., born Sept. 26, 1870. Politically Mr. Brumblay has always been a Democrat, although he cast his first Presiden¬ tial vote in 1865 for Abraham Lincoln. In 1864 he was Township Collector. He stands high in this community. Mrs. Brumblay's father, Maxfield Huston, was a native of Rising Sun, Ind., and lived there till December, 1865, when he came to this county, and purchased a large tract of land. He laid out a town, which he named after his native place; it is now a village of a dozen houses. Mr. Huston took an active interest in the building of his native town, contributing as much as any other citizen, and leav¬ ing many houses as monuments of his enterprise, among them the chapel of the Christian church in the construction of which he took an active part. He united with the Christian church in 1834. He was a quiet, unassuming, charitable man, and will be pleasantly remembered by all who knew him. He died Aug. 1, 1873, aged seventy years. His wife was a native of Canada, and died Feb. 9, 1865, aged sixty three years.

Solomon Bryant was born in Knox County, Tenn., May 1, 18l0. His parents came to this county in 1818. His father died in Mis¬ souri, in 1803, and his mother in Effingham County, in 1872. He was married in 1830 to Nancy Lanford, a native of Kentucky. She djed in 1830, leaving four children - Alvira, Margaret, Mary and Benjamin. In 1840 he married Martha, widow of Benjamin Stephens. Of their eight children, only six are living - Thomas, Martha, James, John, Lucinda and Susan. Benjamin and Peter both enlisted in Company II, Forty-eighth Illinois Volunteers. Benjamin died at Camp Butler, and Peter was killed at the battle of Shiloh. Politically Mr. Bryant was a Whig, but has affiliated with the Republican party since its organization. He was School Director one term.

George W. Clark , born Nov. 24, 1845, in Emma Township, White Co., Ill.; son of Joseph M. and Caroline L. (Taylor) Clark, natives ot Kentucky and Virginia. Ilis father came to this county with his parents when he was a small boy. His mother came shortly after with her parents. They were married in this township. His mother died March 7, 1866; his father is still liv¬ ing in Carmi Township. George W. learned the blacksmith's trade of his father, and worked with him till after he was of age. He was married in 1866 to Margaret A. Walker, a native of Posey County, Ind. He then ran a blacksmith shop for three years, when he sold out and went to farming, and has been farming since. He bought 173£ acres on section 21. He lives on section 17, where he rents 130 acres. He is farming as extensively as any man in the township. His father and mother had nine children, three 6one and six daughters, lie is the oldest one living. There are four daughters dead out of his father's family. He has always voted the Republican ticket. Has been Collector of this town¬ ship two years, and is now serving his third year as Commissioner. Mr. and Mrs. Clark have one daughter - Cornelia, residing at home.

James A. Clark , son of Joseph M. and Louisa C. (Taylor) Clark, was born Jan. 19, 1848, near the place where he now resides. He was brought up on the old homestead till he was twenty -one years of age, when he married and rented a farm just east of his home, lie was married Aug. 5, I860, to Sarah J. Miller, a native of this county, born June 30, 1S49. She died Jan. 13, 1871, leaving one daughter, now dead. June 22, 1871, he married Mary Kellow, a native of this county, born Feb. 21, 1851. She died Jan. 7, 1874, leaving two children. The daughter died soon after her mother

The son, Edward O., was born June 16, 1872. Dec. 7, 1876, he married his present wife, Martha A. Rudolph, also a native of this county, and a daughter of Andrew J. Rudolph, born Dec. 31, 1847. They have two children - Bertha A., born Dec. 30, 1878, and Lucy P., born Nov. 22, 1880. In December, 1881, he bought the home¬ stead farm and moved on it about the 10th of the month. It is a fine farm, being well under cultivation. In 1868 Mr. Clark united with the Methodist church, and is very much devoted to the church of his choice. Mrs. Clark has been a member of the same church since she was fourteen years old.

Joel Clark was born about five miles south of where he now re¬ sides, July 5,1832. His father, Parson Clark, was a native of New York City, and moved to Mt. Yernon, Posey County, Ind., with his parents when eleven years old. His mother was a native of Tennessee and moved to Indiana with her[parents when quite small. They were married in Posey County in 1831. They had a family of three sons and one daughter. They came to White County in 1832, and located in Emma Township. His mother died in the spring of 1838, aged twenty-eight years. His father died in 1868, aged sixty-seven years. Joel remained on the home¬ stead till he was twenty-two years old. During this time he worked two years at the saddler's trade but it did not agree with him, so he returned home. In lS56-'7 he kept a livery stable in Carmi. In January, 1856, he married Mary Shipley, a native of this county and a daughter of John Shipley. She died in 1863, leaving one daughter, Affir, born in 1858, and now the wife of William Dietz, residing at Carmi. In the spring of 1870 he married Harriet Al¬ dridge, a daughter of Russel Aldridge, born in this count}*, Dec. 15, 1849. They have four children - John, born Nov. 11, 1873; George, Nov. 19, 1875; Henry, Nov. 26, 1878; Elmer, Sept. 14, 1882. Mr. Clark enlisted in the late war in 1862, in Company I, Eighty-seventh Illinois Infantry; was with the regiment in all its numerous battles, skirmishes, etc.; was at Vicksburg, under Grant; from there to Natchez; was on the Red River expedition under Banks; went through the war without a wound. He drove an ambulance awhile and then was Forage-Master; was Wagon-Master three months previous to his discharge. He was mustered out July 3, 1865. Politically he is a Democrat. In 1S74 he was Com¬ missioner of Highways of this Township.

coran. In 1846 his father came to America, settling in Montreal, Canada, where his family followed soon after. He died in 1847. His mother died in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1869. Mr. Corcoran has earned his own living since he was thirteen years of age. He went to Cincinnati in 1857, and remained till the commencement of the war, when he enlisted in Company E, Third Virginia Cav¬ alry, and served two years; was then appointed Brigade Wagon- Master in Hunter's raid to Lynchburg, and served till the close of the war; was under different commanders while serving as Wagon- Master; was at the first battle of Rich Mountain, Cheat Mountain, Laurel Hill and Greenbriar. After the close of the war he re¬ turned to Cincinnati and remained till June, 1868, when he came to White County, Ill., and bought 160 acres, but now owns 180 acres of fine land, well cultivated. He was married in 1866 to Kate Liston, a native of Ireland. Of their seven children, six are living - Thomas, John, Maggie, Mollie, Edward, and Kate. One died in infancy. olitically Mr. Corcoran is a Democrat. His farm shows that it has the oversight of an intelligent, efficient farmer, one who has made he occupation a study with the pur¬ pose of excelling.

James Dawsey , born in 1814, in Emma, where Major Williams's property now is, is a son of Halyard and Polly (Kiger) Dawsey, bo h natives of Franklin County, N. C. They came here with tlieir parents at the same time, at a very early date. His father died when he was five years old, and his mother when lie was fifteen, when lie was left to care for himself. When he was twen ty-five years old he went to work on a flat-boat on the Mississippi, and ten years after went as second pilot on a steamboat, and was afterward first pilot. He remained on this boat ten years. He was married in 1813 to Mary Van Winkle, a native of this county, and went to housekeeping on the place where lie still resides. His wife died in 1S47, leaving four children, all now dead. He was married in 1849 to Mary Miers, a native of this county. They have four children - Andrew, Abraham, Halyard and Eli. Mr. Dawsey enlisted in 1861, in Company D, Fifty-sixth Illinois In¬ fantry, and served two years, lacking three days. He was in Gen¬ eral Grant's Division. He was wounded at Corinth, and was taken to Grant's headquarters, where he remained nearly eight weeks, and was then sent to the hospital at Louisville. He did not re¬ ceive proper treatment there, and was sent to Mound City; was there only a week or two, when he was taken to the hospital in

St. Louis, where lie stayed nearly eleven mmths, and was then sent home on crutches. He has never recovered from his injuries, and receives a pension of $14 a month. lie has never been able to do a day's work. Politically he is a Democrat. He has been School Director of his township, and t ikes a great interest in edu¬ cational matters.

John Eply was born Nov. 12. 1350, ab >ut four miles southeast of where he now resides. His father, George W. Eply, was b ora in Shawneetown, Ill., Nov. 20, 1826. His mother, Nancy (Mc- Callister) Eply, was born in this county, Feb. 27, 1827. They were married April 27, 1846, in McLoansboro, Hamilton Co., Ill. In 1852 Mr. Eply, Sr., purchased 160 acres on section 4, and located his family on their own home. Oct. 5, 1866. he bought 200 acres adjoining; Nov. 25, 1S56, he entered 200 acres on sec¬ tion 3, and Sept. 5, 1860, bought 160 acres in the bottoms on sec¬ tion 15, having in all, at the time of his death, 720 acres. In October, 1861, he entered the army, enlisting in Company G, Sev enth Illinois Cavalry, and served fourteen months; was discharged at Corinth, in December, 1862, on account of dropsy. He died Oct. 14, 1867, aged forty-one years. Mrs. Eply was a daughter of James and Sarah McCallister, who came to this county in IS 11, with other members of the McCallister family. She died in 1876. They had a family of seven children, three living. John has 240 acres of the homestead, lying on sections 3 and 4. It is a tine farm, well cultivated. He was married Jan. 1, 1871, to Eveline Tuggle, daughter of Joseph Tuggle, burn Oct. 9, 1851. They have had three children ; two died in infancy. George was born July 30, 1875. Politically he is a Democrat. In the spring of 1882 he was elected a member of the Board of Supervisors of Emma Township.

Joseph Garrison was born March 21, 1819, on the place where Geo. W. Clark now lives, near Elm Grove. IT is father, James Garrison, was married in North Carolina to Rachel Luper. They were both natives of Wilford County, N. C. They came here in 1809 and settled in Emmi Township, on the place where Geo. W. Clark now lives, section 17, town 6, range 10. When he first came he got a pre emption on eighty acres, and at his death lie had S00 acres. He died March 22, 1845. His mother died when he was ten months old, in 1S19. There were seven children in his father's family, five sons and two daughters, three sons and one daughter now living. Mr. Garrison is the youngest of the family. At his father's death Mr. G. got eighty acres of the homestead, and by hard work and toil has increased his farm to 150 acres. lie spent all his time at farming and received what little education the country afforded in those early days. He was married May 3, 1843, to Mary Jane Harvey, a native of Carmi Township. She died Oct. 29, 1847, leaving one son - James W. Mr. Garrison was married again June 6, 1S49, to Sarah Seal, who died Dec. 22, 1S74, leaving seven children - Rachel, John, Joel, Robert, Catharine, Solomou and Hettie. Politically he was a Whig; cast his first vote for William Henry Harrison for President. Since the organ¬ ization of the Greenback party he has been one of its ardent sup¬ porters. He was Justice of the Peace for Emma twelve years, bein* elected three successive terms. He has acted as Assessor for the past seven years. When his father first came here lie found two families of white people from Vincennes to Jonestown, the only two white families to be found in this country.

William Hall was born in East Tennessee, Feb. 28, 1821. At the age of ten he went to Posey County, Ind., and remained until he was twenty-one, when he came to White County. He resided on a farm in Little Prairie for about ten years, and in 1852 bought the place where he now lives on section 6, Emma Township. He has eighty-three acres in this and twenty in Carmi Township. He had 303 acres, but has divided it between the children, reserving only the 108 for himself. He was married Sept. 17, 1851, to Mary Bryant, a native of White County, born Jan. 17, 1835. She died Mav 18, 1864, leaving five children - Solomon, born Sept. 24, 1852; John, Oct. 26, 1854; Abram, Jan. 29, 1857; Laura, now Mrs. Enoch Sams, born Nov. 15, 1860; Margaret, now Mrs. John W. Harvey, born Jan. 21, 1862. In October, 1864, Mr. Hail married Malinda Miller, but she lived only thirty days. March 31, 1865, he married Mrs. Rebecca Anderson, a native of White County. They have two children - Enoch, born Oct. 15, 1867, and Char¬ lotte, born Oct. 28, 1872. He is a member of the Methodist church. Mrs. Hall was the widow of John Anderson and had five children when she married Mr. Hall. They are all married. Politically Mr. Hall is a Republican.

Benjamin Land was born Nov. 8, 1839, in what is now Haw¬ thorne Township, White Co., Ill. His father was Lemuel Land and his mother was Mary Dockery, who were early settlers in the county; their sketch appears elsewhere in this work. He was raised on the farm and attended the district schools of his neigh borhood. His father went to California in spring, 1851, and died on the way back in fall, 1852. Hejretnained on the farm with his widowed mother until lie married and started life for himself. He was married April 1, 1801, to Frances I. Phipps, a native ofCarmi, who died Dec. 2, 1876. They had six"children, four of whom are dead. The children living are - Mary Ellen, wife of J. J. Talbott, born Feb. 8, 1862, residing in the county; and William M., born Oct. 19, 1867, residing at home. Ilis wife, Frances I. Land, daughter of John aud Eleanor Phipps, was born June 18, 1S42. Mr. Land was married again Oct. 22, 1878, to Lizzie Welch, daughter of Andrew and Sarah Welch, was born June 6, 1851. Siie died June 4, 1879. He married for his third wife Laura Storms, July 20, 18S0; she is a daughter of John and Lucy T. Storms, born June 7, 1850. When the war broke out, Mr. Land enlisted, September, 1861, in Company H, Forty-eighth Regiment Illinois Infantry, and served six months, when he was discharged on account of his health being broken down. lie never recovered his health again and has always been more or less affected with disease of the lungs. To try and regain his lost health, Mr. Land is about leaving for the Southwest part of Texas or Southern California, where he will locate with his wife and family. Mr. Land owns about 600 acres of land, lying in Emma and Hawthorne townships. He has been an extensive farmer in this part of the county, and has reaped the benefit of careful management and con¬ stant attention to his business. He has always been a devoted Christian, and member of the Methodist church, and for several years has been an ordained minister of that denomination. On account of his poor health he has not been able to fill the pulpit for some time.

S . L. Logan was born in White County, Ill., March 28, 1847. lie has always been a farmer, living principally on the old home¬ stead. For the last thirteen years he has worked for himself. His father, William R. Logan, was also born in White County and died in 1861, and the homestead on section 18, Emma Township, being divided, S. L. has the deed of eighty acres. He is the third of six children. He was married Feb. 24, 1869, to Eliza J. McClain, a native of Posey County, Ind., born May 10, 1849. They have six children - George W., Emma Olive, Mary H., Melton S., Nora, and Elmer. Politically he is a Democrat.

and Jefferson County, Ky., respectively. His mother was reared in Knox County, Ind. Her husband came to the United States in 1801, and located in Knox County, lnd., where he followed farming some years, marrying Oct. 21, 1806. He began mer¬ cantile life at Shawneetown, making frequent horseback trips to Philadelphia for goods coming by water or flat-boats. He was Judge of Court of Common Pleas in 1814, appointed by Territo¬ rial Governor Edwards ; also represented the county of Gallatin in the first State Legislature ; was Postmaster at Shawneetown - a distributing office for many years - appointed by Monroe, and re¬ sided during Van Buren's administration. He was President ot the Bank of Illinois for many years, and died at Shawneetown, May 23, 1858. His wife died Aug. 17, 1874, at the residence of her son, in White County, Ill. There were seven children in this fam¬ ily, two of whom are now living - John, and Sarah L., wife of Judge John J. Hayden, of Washington, D. C. John was bom at Shaw¬ neetown, Ill., May 15, 1820. He was educated here, and before twenty years of age he went into full partnership with his father in the mercantile business, and remained in this trade till the spring of 1852, when he moved to White County and located on his present farm on the bank of the Wabash, on section IS, where he owns over 200 acres of land; he also owns about 1,300 acres of adjoining lands. April 20, 1843, in Shawneetown, Ill., he married Joanna G., daughter of William and Sarah (Ruddick) Ste¬ venson, of Ireland, where they died. Joanna G. was born in Ire¬ land, Parish Kilmore, County Armagh, Aug. 10, 1823. She was reared by her uncle, Thomas Ruddick, Esq., where she was mar¬ ried, in Shawneetown, April 20, 1843. By this union there were ten children, four living - Elizabeth, Genevieve, May and Daniel. John, Jr., Georgianna, Francis'L., Samuel D., Jr., William S., and Amy, or Amira, are dead. Mrs. Marshall died Jan. 4, 1S71. Mr. Marshall votes the Democratic ticket, having voted ten times for the Democratic candidate for President, but was himself never a candidate for any office. His Grandfather Marshal died in Ire land; his grandmother came to the United States with her son Daniel, and died at the house of her son John, at Shawneetown. His grandfather, George Leech, came to the United States in 1776, and settled at Borden town, K. J., where he married Achsah Applegate. George Leech died at Shawneetown, Ill., and Achsah died at Fairfield, Ill.

Jarret Me Colli ter , bo n in Emma Township, White Co., III., April 26, 1840, is a son of Edward and Martha (Bradbury) Mc- Callister, and a grandson of Edward McCallister, a native of Ireland, who came to this country over a century ago. He served in the Revolutionary war. He came to White County in 1801. His father was a native of this county and his mother of Ken¬ tucky. Ilis father died in 1856 and his mother in 1848. When fourteen years of age Mr. McCallister went to Knox County, Ill., and remained one year. When he was twenty years old he com¬ menced for himself; engaged in farming two years. He enlisted in the war of the Rebellion, in Company G, Seventh Illinois Inde¬ pendent Cavalry, and served three years and one month. Partici¬ pated in the battle of Corinth, and followed the regiment in all its campaigns to within three months of the time he was mustered out of service. He came home and bought land on section 34, and other parts of Emma Township, amounting to 600 acres. He now owns 120 acres on section 7, and the block in Concord where he is doing business. He was married May 14, 1864, to Henrietta Burrell, daughter of William and Rebecca Burrell, old settlers of this county. They are the parents of seven children, four of whom are living - Emma S., Lenora, Gilbert and Wesley. Anna Rebecca died in 1868; Enola and Warren (an infant) died in 1872. Politically he is a Democrat. He has been Constable of this township two years; was elected for four years but resigned at the expiration of two; was Town Clerk one year. He is Postmaster of Concord, for a second time. He has a good trade in his busi¬ ness; is also engaged quite extensively in buying wheat, as an agent for Staley & Ivey, ofCarmi. Mr. McCallister draws a pen¬ sion on account of a disease contracted in the army.

Wesley McCallister , bom Sept. 25, 1S45, in Emma Township, White County, a son of Edward and Martha (Bradbury) McCallister, was raised on the homestead, which has been in the family since 1815. When he was seventeen years old he enlisted, in September, 1S63, in Company G, Seventh Illinois Cavalry, and served two years and three months, and was mustered out in No¬ vember, 1865. Was in the battles of Franklin, Columbia, Nash¬ ville and also several smaller skirmishes; entered as a private and was promoted to Corporal, and from that to a Sergeant. Fol¬ lowed the regiment all through its campaigns. He was marrievl Aug. 12, 1S68, to Exaline Tuggle, daughter of Lawson O. Tuggle, resident of Georgia. They have four children - Everett, Ira,

Ionia and Adam, all living at home. His wife died Aug. 17, 1878. Mr. McCallister has 240 acres in his place, which he has under a good state of cultivation. Politically he has been a Democrat. Has served nine years as Justice of the Peace for this township, and one year as Supervisor.

Henry H. McMullen , born June 21, 1847, in Emma Township, White Co., Ill., is a son of Wilkson and Martinis McMullen, the former a native of Yirginia and the latter of Indiana. His father came to this county at an early day, when he was twentyone years of age. He died in 1858, aged fifty-seven. His mother died in 1863, aged forty-three. He lived at home with his mother till he was thirteen years of age, and then commenced to take care of himself. Oct. 16, 1863, he enlisted in Company G, Seventh Illinois Cavalry. The regiment was at Collierville, Tenn., when he joined it ; he served with it during the different campaigns till the close of the war; was in seventy-three different engagements, b never got a scratch; was in several hard-fought battles where men were shot down all around him. He was mustered out Nov. 17, 1805. The next summer he commenced farming. He was married in July, 1866, to Sarah F. Stewart, a native of Posey County, Ind. His wife died Feb. 17, 1869, leaving five children; two of them have since died. Those living are - Alice, Lulu and Ima. Oct. 13, 1875, he married Ann Smith, who was born on the farm where they now live. They have three children - Cora, May and Bella. Mr. McMullen has 120 acres on the Carmi and New Haven Eoad, section 5, town 7, range 10 east. Mrs. McMul¬ len has eighty acres where they live, and twenty acres on the bottoms. Politically he has always adhered strictly to the princi¬ ples of the Democratic party.

Nathaniel McMullen , born in Emma Township, Jan. 19, 1836, is a son of Wilkison and Sarah (Yorns) McMullen, his father a na¬ tive of Yirginia, and his mother of this county. His father came to this county with his father, Samuel McMullen, when he was seven years of age. Nathaniel was brought up on the homestead, near the James Dawsey place, till he was seventeen years old, when his father bought a farm on the New Haven and Carmi road about two miles from New Haven, where they resided till the death of his father. His mother died when he was seven years of age ; his father in 1857, aged fifty-four years. He was married in April, 1859, to Parmelia Aldridge, a native of this township. She died in the spring of 1876. In December, 1876, he married Mrs.

Lina Nelson. She died eleven months later. In the spring of 1878 he married MaryHargrave. They were the parents of two children, both deceased. Mrs. McMullen died in the fall of 1880- In March, 1881, he married Mrs. Julia (Epley) Jnrdan. They have one child - Ella, born in April, 18*2. Politically he has always been a Democrat. He has held the offices of School Direc¬ tor and Trustee of liis township. He owns 131 acres on section 2, township 7. Mrs. McMullen has 140 acres on section 4. lie en¬ listed in 1861, in Company G, Seventh Illinois Cavalry; was or¬ dered to Springfield, where the troops were drilled for nearly three months; then went to Bird's Point, Mo. ; was in several small skirmishes, but was discharged in the summer of 1862 on account of ill health.

William P. McMurtry , Jl . Z?., born June 5, 1837, iu White County, Ill., sou of Henry and Pully Harrell. His father was a native of Tennessee, and mother of North Carolina. They came to Illinois about 1S21, and settled in White County; took up land both in this and Gallatin County, on the line. His father put up the first grist-mill in this part of the county. He followed this and farming till his death, in 1848. His mother died in 1855. The Doctor and Roby E. are the only children living out of eleven. Dr. McMurtry lived on the homestead till lie was fifteen years old. At the death of his mother he went to Equality; remained there two years; moved from there to Shawneetown and lived four years. Aug. 15, 1862, he enlisted in Company H, One Hundred and Twentieth Infantry, and remained until Sept. 15, 1S65. Entered as a private; was promoted to Sergeant-Major Dec. 6, 1862. In 1863 he was promoted to Adjutant, and acted as such during the Vicksburg campaign; was in battle of Gun Town, Miss., and at Ripley, Miss. Before the surrender of Vick-bnrg he was at the battle of Mulligan's Bend; though not a krge batrle was a very bloody affray for a short time. After lie came home from the war he took up the study of medicine, which he had commenced before he entered the service, and soon after began the practice of medi¬ cine in Emma Township. He then, a short time after, removed to New Haven, and from there to Carm;, where he remained some time, when he again took up his practice in Emma. He bought his farm of 160 acres in 1S80, buying out the several heirs of his wife's father. He was married Feb. 24, 1870, to Virginia A* Campbell, daughter of Robert D. Campbell, a former old settler of this county. They have two children - Lucy D., and John L.

Kerry McMurtry, father of the Doctor, was born Dec. 6, 1781, in Sumner County, Term. ; died April 28, 1849. Polly Harrell, mother of the Doctor, was born March 4, 1793, in North Carolina; died March 9, 1855. Mrs. McMurtry, wife of the Doctor, is a daughter of Robert D. Campbell, born July 25, 1816, at Ashlov, Washington Co., Ill., and died April 5, 1864. Her mother, Mary J. Camp¬ bell, born Feb. 22, 1821, died Nor. 22, 1875. Dr. McMurtry has a good general practice, which extends over a good share of the county. He is also a successful farmer.

Josiah L. Nelson was born in Rutherford County, Tenn., in November, 1827. He came with his father to Illinois when only two years old, going to Gallatin County, where he has since re¬ sided. His father, James Nelson, was born in North Carolina, February, 1799, and died in December, 1852, in White County, Ill. His mother is living with him. He was married Nov. 10, 1857, to Lucretia M. Hodge. She died in 1S65, leaving three children - Samuel H., Mary B. and Eliza L., all living at home. Mr. Nelson married Mrs. Mary J. (Jones) Bradshaw, March 10, 1869. They have no children. He owns eighty acres of land in Emma Township, White County, and 24S acres in Gallatin County. Politically he is a Republican.

William Newton , son of Robert and Sarah (Milan) Newton, was born near Longsutton, Lincolnshire, England, April 7, 1824. His father died when he was about six years old. He was reared on a farm, and when twenty-four years old came to America, landing at Mobile, Ala. He went to Mt. Vernon, Ind., and then located near Owensville, Gibson Co., Ind. He worked at differ¬ ent kinds of manual labor for two years, and then went to farm¬ ing for himself. He remained in Indiana till. 1859, when he came to White County, and bought 120 acres, where he still resides; seven years later he bought 120 acres more. When he first came here the place was in rather a wild state?, but by hard work he has brought it to its present fine condition. He was married July 10, 1845, to Elizabeth Rigall. He left his family in England, and sent for them as soon as he could earn the money. His wife died in 1878, leaving two children - Frank, and Sarah E., wife of Geo. Carroll, both residents of this county. Sept. 4, 18S1, he married Mrs. Martha A. Duggan. Politically he has always been a Dem¬ ocrat. March 15, 1859, he met with a severe loss by fire, losing his house and household goods, to the amount of §1,590.

James O'NelUi son of Henry and Mary (Farron) O'Neill, was born in County Armagh, Ireland, July 11, 1S20. His parents came to America in 1829, with nine children; landed in Quebec, Canada, but settled in Paterson, X. J. His mother died in Pat¬ erson, and eighteen months later his father also died of cholera. James went to work in a cotton factory when he was a boy, and remained there seven years. His early advantages for an educa¬ tion were limited, as he was obliged to work all day. He attended a night school, paying two cents a night and taking his own candle. In 1840 he went to Dover, N. J., to learn the blacksmith's trade; he remained there eleven months, and then went to Sussex County, N. J., and finished. At that time his brother Edward had a store in Paterson, and he went back there and took charge of the store three years. His brother William left Paterson with $6.25 in his pocket, but by stopping often to earn money to com¬ plete his journey, he finally reached Perry County, Ind., where he had a married sister. In ten months he sent back after his family. In 1849 James O'Neill went to Perry County, Ind., and remained seven years. In September, 1855, he removed to Gal¬ latin County, Ill., and located at New Haven; carried on mer cantile pursuits till 1858; was also engaged in buying produce and running down the river to Louisiana; this he continued till 1861. During one trip he was fired into by the rebels as he was passing Memphis, and compelled to run in port; the cargo of provisions, etc., were taken from him, and ho was allowed to proceed on his journey. He then went by rail to Humboldt, Tenn., and from there home. In June, 1861, he came to Emma Township, White County, and settled on section 7, town 7, where he still resides and owns 325 acres of fine land. He was married in 1846, in Paterson, N. J., to Elizabeth Bom, a native of Paterson. She was born May 16, 1827, and was a daughter of Janies and Catha¬ rine (Van Houten) Bom. Her father was a native of England, and came to this country when a young man, settling in New Jersey. Her mother was a native of Paterson. Mrs. O'Neill is the youngest of their five children. Her father died when she was fourteen years old. He was a poor man, and his family were obliged to take care of themselves. Elizabeth went into the cotton factory when only nine years old, and remained till she was eighteen, when she married Mr. O'Neill. She contributed largely toward her own support the first years she was in the fac¬ tory, and later assisted the other children in caring for her mother. Iler mother died in 1864, past eighty years of age. Mr. and Mrs. O'Neill have had a family of six children, but only two are living - Joseph E. and William, James B., John B., Annie and Cilia. James was born in Paterson, N. J., Joseph in Perry County, Iiid.; William in Gallatin County, III., and the rest in this county. Politically he has always been a Democrat, easting his first Presidential vote for James K. Polk. He is now serving his third year as Township Treasurer, and is also Justice of the Peace.

t limes M*.uVson Pumroy was born May 19, 1810, in what is now Equality, Gallatin County, Ill. II is father, Joseph Pumroy, was the seventh son of a large family. His grandfather was John Pumroy. Ilia mother, Ellen Falkner, was a native of Hagerstown, Md. His father came from Jefferson County, Penn., to Gallatin County, Ill., in 1807, In 1814 came to this county and settled on the farm where James now lives. lie died in October, 1837, aged sixty-three. Ilis wife died in 1842, aged sixty-three. James M. was married Feb. 14, 1833, to Harriet Logan, a native of Equality. She died in November, 1838, leaving two children - Mary Ellen, married Samuel Jones, and Frances, married Mathew Land. Both these daughters died in November, 1854, and one child died in infancy. In 1840 he married Bathsheba Logan, daughter of Geo. R. Logan, born in White County, Dec. 9, 1822. They have live children - George R., Alice (wife of George Pliar, residing in Carmi), Oliver C., Edwin W., and Frank E.,'all residents of this county. He also has two grandchildren, the children of his two daughters that are deceased. Mr. Pumroy and his sons have 320 acres on his homestead, and he has 240 acres in this and Carmi Township. Politically ho was a Whig and subsequently a Re¬ publican. He cast his first Presidential vote for John Q. Adams. He has been a member of the Methodist church fifty years and his wife has been a member forty-two years, and they havo brought their family up in this faith. They are devoted To the religious principles of that church.

Frederick Roser , born Oct. 18, 1839, in Baden, Germany, is a son of Frederick and Mary (Smith) Roser, who came to America, with a family of six children, in 1852, and settled in Carmi, White Co., Ill., where his father still resides. Frederick commenced for himself by driving the stage from Carmi to Fairfield, and two years later drove the stage from Carmi to Mt. Vernon. In May, 1S61, he left the stage one night and entered the army the next morning, enlisting in Company B, Twenty-ninth Illinois Infantry. He was mustered in at Camp Butler and from there went to Cairo and spent the summer, and in the fall started South. He was in the battle of Fort Donelson, Shiloh, Corinth, Spanish Fort and Blakely. He was taken prisoner at Holly Springs, Miss.; was in the rebels* hands six months. He was all through the Southern States, and was mustered out of service Dec. 20, 1865. He was wounded at Shiloh, and was in the hospital at Jackson, Tenn., nine months. He was stricken with temporary blindness which lasted seven months, caused probably by constant exposure. After he came home he kept a grocery store at Mt. Vernon, Ind., five years, and in Henderson County, Ky., three years. He then went to farming in the latter county, which he continued till 1878. He then came to White County and went to farming in Emma Town¬ ship. In 1880 he bought 100 acres where he now lives, on section 12, which he lias under a good state of cultivation. Ho was mar¬ ried in 1868 to Catharina Rapp, a native of Mt. Vernon, Ind. She died in Henderson County, Ky., leaving two children - Charles and Emma. In 1875 he married Mary Rapp, a sister of his former wife. They have had three children - Edward, Frederick and Catharina. Edward died in 1880, aged four years. Politically Mr. Roser has always been a Republican.

Clifford Rudd , born near Shawneetown, Gallatin Co., Ill., is a son of George and Louisa Rudd, natives of Tennessee. His father came to Gallatin County at an early day and died in 1863, sixty years of age. His mother came with her parents to Gallatin County when she was small and died in 1861. They had a family of nine children, eight now living. Mr. Rudd lived in Gallatin County with his parents till nineteen years of age. He was mar¬ ried July 3, 1864, to Margaret Biggs, a native of Shawneetown. Her mother was an Indian woman of the Choctaw tribe, and when her daughter was five or six years old left her and went back to her tribe, and has never 6ince been heard from. Margaret was thus left to the charity of the world, and was cared for by friendly people of Shawneetown. When she was fourteen she married Jackson McCoy and moved to Hamilton County. Her husband died in 1857, and she returned to Shawneetown, where she remained till her marriage with Mr. Rudd. They then moved on a farm and remained one season, then returned to Shawneetown. Nov. 21, 1868, they moved to Posey County, Ind., and engaged in farming there fourteen years. In August, 1881, thej^came to White County, settling in Emma Township', on the Hinch farm, where they still reside. During their early married life they were unfor¬ tunate, being burned out at one time, and losing their crops by a flood at another, but late years they have been very successful, and by hard work have gained for themselves a good living.

R. Coleman Seals was born Feb. 28, 1844, on the place where he now lives, in Emma Township. His parents, John and Catherine (Campbell) Seals, were both natives of Tennessee, and came to White County with a family of three children. His father died in 1864, in his sixty-third year, and his mother in 1872, in her sixtythird year. There were twelve children in this family, and Mr. Seals is the only one now living. He owns 260 acres of fine land. He was married in 1867 to Rebecca Morgan, a native of Tennessee. She died Aug. 11, 1872. They had five children, only one, the oldest, now living - John, fifteen years old. The children deceased are - Robert C., died September, 1872, aged six months; Wm. P., died Aug. 1, 1872, in his third year; two others, a pair of twns, died in infancy. Mr. Seals was married again Nov. 12, 1873, to Sophronia Campbell, a native of White County. They have two children living - Mary E., born Sept. 12, 1874, and Edwin C., born Nov. 24, 1880. They have lost two children - Claude Irvin, born April 21, 1878, died in August, 1882; another died in infancy. Mr. Seals has always voted the Democratic ticket.

Thomas Stephens , one of the early pioneers of White County, was born in Ohio in 1801, and emigrated to Illinois with his parents in 1820. He was married to Rebecca Long in 1832, who was born in Bledso County, Tenn., Aug. 21, 1813. After their marriage the young married couple, like all the first settlers of White County, had but little, but soon thereafter they managed to bujr a homestead from the United States Government, in what is known as the little prairie, near the Grand Chain in the Great Wabash River, and by industry and economy accumulated consid¬ erable property. They had several children born to them, three still living. The oldest, Harriet A., now the wife of Jas. A. Miller, of Carmi. Hannah J., the second child, married Joel Abshier, who now resides near the old homestead. Thomas Wesley Ste¬ phens lives also near the little prairie in the same neighborhood. Alex. L. Garrison, of Carmi, married the youngest child, who died in 1881. The memory of Thomas Stephens is still held by the few old settlers of White County of his day in high esteem, for he was a grand, jolly good fellow in the early days on the Wabash.

His father was a native of England, and came to this country when lie was a young man and settled in Tennessee. His mother was a native of North Carolina, of German descent. They came to Illi¬ nois and settled in White County about 1830. His father died here when he was sixty-one years old. His mother died at the age of sixty-five years. Mr. Taylor was brought up on a farm. When lie was twenty years old he started for himself. He ran an engine in a grist and saw mill for three years. He was married Aug. 29 1S49, to Millbry Seals, daughter of James B. Seals, a resident of White County. She died in 1854, leaving two children - Margaret and Candis P. Candis, the oldest, died in 1878, at the age of twenty-eight years. He was married again n 1854, to Mary Seals, a sister to his first wife. They have had nine children, 6even are living - Ellen, wife of John W. Barr, residing in the county; Emma, wife of A. R. Logan, resides in the county; James, Anna, George, Charles and May. Thomas A. died in 1879, in his twentieth year. Jennie died in 1880, in her fourteenth year. Mr. Taylor settled on his present homestead in 1852. He has 121 acres west of it under agood state of cultivation. Politically he has been a Re¬ publican; in an early day was a Whig. Cast his first Presidential vote for Zach. Taylor.

Joseph Tuggle , born Sept. 11, 1834, in Jasper County, Ga., is a son of Benjamin and Mary (Holland) Tuggle, natives of Virginia. They both died in Smithland, Ky., in 1864, Mrs. Tuggle preceding her husband by only eleven days. Mr. Tuggle was reare on a farm in Georgia, remaining with his parents till he was nineteen, when, in 1854, he married Adaline Harrison, a native of Georgia, and went to Shelby County, Tenn., and lived on a farm one year. He then went to Phillips County, Ark., and remained a year; then to Independence County and remained two years. At the break¬ ing out of the war he went to Memphis, Tenn., and ran a ferry-boat across the Mississippi River six months. In March, 1863, he came to White County, Ill., and settled on the banks of the Wabash River, now known as the McCallister farm. He lived there three years, and then moved down the river about a mile and 6taid two years. In 1869 he settled on his farm on section 33, where he still resides. He owns eighty acres on sections 32 and 33, 120 acres on section 28, in a good state of cultivation, and 250 acres on the bottom lands of this township. His wife died Feb. 9, 1869. They were the parents of nine children, three living - Eveline, wife of John Epley; Isabella and Lawson. Jam es, Georgie AnnBenjamin

Mahalie and two not named are deceased. Mr. Tuggle was married Sept. 29, 1869, to Mrs. Ellen Gaston, daughter of William Ste¬ phens. They have three children - Charles, James and Clara. One died not named. Mrs. Tuggle died Jan. 3, 18S2. Mr. Tuggle has always been a Democrat. He has served as Road Commissioner one term.

Joseph Ward , son of Willis C. and Elizabeth (Myers) Ward, was born in Emma Township, White Co., Ill., March 18, 1856. He resided with his parents till his marriage. lie was married Feb. 21, 1878, to Sarah J. Williams, daughter of Wyatt and Rosanna Williams, old settlers of Hawthorne. They have two children - Grace May, born March 3, 1879, and Harry R., born Aug. 23, 18S0. They lost one daughter, Rosa, when she was twenty months old. Mr. Ward has 340 acres of fine land, 280 of it under a good state of cultivation.

William Willis Chauncey Ward , deceased, was born Feb. 10, 1824, in Pennsylvania. His parents were William Manley Ward, and Electa (Ames) Ward, both natives of Pennsylvania. His father's occupation was that of a carpenter. In 1834 the family removed to White County, settling in what is now Emma Township, where they remained continuously, with the exception of one year passed in Kentucky. Our subject passed his youth on his father's farm, attending school in the winter time. At the age of eighteen he left school, and worked steadily on the farm until he was twenty-one. July 28, 1845, he was married to Elizabeth Myers, a daughter of John and Jane (Austin) Myers, both of whom died while Miss Myers was quite young. After their death she lived with her grandfather, Elisha Austin, a farmer of Emma Township. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Ward commenced farming in the northwestern part of the township, where they resided until Mr. Ward's death, which occurred July 19, 1882. Mr. Ward was an earnest Republican in politics. Religiously, he and his wife were faithful and consistent members of the Missionary Baptist church. They had nine children, of whom six are now living - Mary, now Mrs. Greer, living in Emma Township; Electa Ann, now Mrs. Walter Parks, living about four miles south ofCarmi; Joseph Warren, farmer in Emma Township; Thomas, farmer in Emma Township ; Benjamin and Jane, now living with Mrs. Ward in Carmi, whither she removed Aug. 1, 1882. Mr. Ward was highly thought of by all who knew him, and was a man of integ¬ rity and ability. In his death the community suffered a great loss.

This township is bounded on the north by Mill Shoals, on the east by Carmi, on the south by Indian Creek, and on the west by Hamilton County. It is a full Congressional township, and is officially known as township 5 south, and range 4 west of the third principal meridian. The surface is undulating, but not hilly. It is principally timbered land and in an agricultural point ranks among the finest in the county. It contains a class of agriculturists who have made the best improvements throughout the township. There is a large creek, called Seven-Mile Creek, in the eastern part of the township, running in a northeasterly direction, and empty¬ ing its waters into the Skillet Fork. In an early day this stream was called Big Creek by the pioneers. It was changed to Seven-Mile Creek by old settlers living some distance from it, from the fact that it ran across a tract of land known as the Seven-Mile Prairie, which is seven miles long, and about two and a half miles wide.

The Shawneetown branch of the Ohio <fe Mississippi Railroad intersects the Louisville & Nashville Road at this point, a full account of which is given in Chapter X., entitled "Progress."

The first pioneers who came to this township were Thomas Rut¬ ledge and the Miller family. The first named came from Kentucky and settled on section 21, in 1813. William and James Rutledge came soon after and settled on section 27. The Miller family came from Henderson County, Ky., in 1813. Samuel D. Miller settled on section 22, near his brother James. He was among Indians, but worked very hard, having learned the brick and stone mason's and plasterer's trade. He married Margaret A. Thompson, of Kentucky ; his children were Samuel B., Roxana N., Joseph M. and George F.; Mary A. died at the age of eighteen years. Robert Miller first located in Indian Creek Township, but soon after came to this township and settled on section 21. John Miller settled on section 21 in 1823, but came to the county in 1813. James Miller helped to raise the first mill in Carmi. He used often to lie behind logs in the edge of the woods at night to watch for the Indians, as they were very troublesome. ¥m. J. Veatch was also an early comer. He was born in Henderson County, Ky., in 1813, and came to this county with his family in 1815. His father died in Oregon in IS 80, aged 93 years. Oct. 26, 1837, William J. married Galitha Wallace, and they had thirteen children; ten were raised to adult life. One scfn, Jesse H., was lost at the burning of the U. S. steamer General Lyons, on his way home from the war, where he had served over three years.

The early settlement made at Seven-Mile Prairie was of emi¬ grants from Tennessee, a very moral and intellectual community of people, comprising the Gowdys, Orrs, Millers, Fields, Johnsons, Trousdales and Andersons. These old fathers laid the foundation, and to-day are found the good fruits of their labor - an upright com¬ munity of citizens, unsurpassed in religion, morals and intelligence, anywhere in Southern Illinois. John C. Gowdy, a former Repre¬ sentative of White County in the State Legislature, was a man of line attainments, and one of the best reasoners that ever repre¬ sented the county.

The privations of the pioneer families in this township were in some respects very great, cut off as they were from all social, religious, educational and commercial advantages. Of course they enjoyed these in a limited degree. The first settlers were those who greatly valued such privileges, and though the3r were for many years without school-houses and churches, managed to find some facilities for enjoying themselves both socially and relig¬ iously. The greatest privation arose from the want of the means of communication with the outside world. The absence of rail¬ roads, or even good wagon-roads, rendered the locality almost inaccessible to postal and commercial facilities, and traveling for other than business purposes was out of the question.

The first settlers were all farmers, after a fashion now unknown. They raised corn and a few vegetables, and, like their red neigh¬ bors, depended largely upon their rifle for subsistence. They used the hominy block for grinding corn, which consisted of a hole dug out in one end of a block of wood in which the corn was pounded with a maul or iron wedge; some used a sweep, similar to a well-sweep, to assist in raising the maul. The citizens raised their own flax; carded, spun, and wove it into cloth, which consti¬ tuted their Sunday clothes as well as their every day clothes. In preparing for camp-meetings, which were very common in those

Their houses were but little superior to those of the Indians, being merely little cabins, erected only with the help of the ax and perhaps an auger. No locks, nails or any other articles of iron entered into their construction, but such devices as could be wrought out on the ground by the use of the tools named, and of such material as the locality afforded. The only boards used for any purpose were such as could be hewed out of logs. Many interesting events occurred, some that were very sad, and others the extreme opposite. A man named Morgan was shot and scalped by an Indian in the spring of 1815, while he was grubbing near where the junction of the railroads now is, at Enfield. The Indian was going northward. He was pursued some distance, but not overtaken. Morgan was buried in the grave-yard at Enfield, on the hill, by, a persimmon tree.

Mrs. Gowdy wakened one morning and found her father's house full of women and children that had been brought there by the men who had become terribly frightened at something, they knew not what. It was soon ascertained, however, that the cause of the scare was occasioned by a neighbor pounding on a log to frighten wolves away from a newly-born calf.

The first school in the township was probably taught by Thomas Rutledge, on section 21, in 1818; it was a subscription school. Matthew Parks and Mr. Bostwich taught in 1819, and Enos T. Allen, who was also an early surveyor here, taught in 1820. Peter Miller commenced teaching in 1827 and taught several terms. Martin Johnson, Mr. Guinn, Reuben McCasor, John J. Miller, Rev. James Alexander also taught in an early da}'. Thomas Rutledge was a Justice of the Peace for about eight years: after¬ ward went to McLean County, Ill., where he died several years ago, Mr. Bostwich left soon after he finished his teaching, and has never been heard from; Enos E. Allen taught many years in this county; afterward 'moved to Hamilton County, where he died about 1850. Peter Miller came, in 1813, from Georgia; taught two terms, then engaged in farming until his death in 1843.

An Interesting Relic . - Captain Thomas Sheridan, proprietor of the Sheridan House, Enfield, was one of the finest school-teachers in early day; and he still has in his possession a book in which he kept a careful recoad of the pupils' attendance, an abstract of a grammar, arithmetic, system of bookkeeping, etc., diary, accounts specimens of penraanehip, etc. The school schedule commences with the year 1831, and continues a number of years. From the department of memoranda we obtain a number of items for this history of White County, especially the prices of the most common commodities of that early day.

Bethel M. E . Church , situated on the west one-fourth of section 12, was organized in 1852 in the house of Robert Hawthorn, Sr., by Rev. John Prince, with the following named members: James Sweaton and wife, John Proctor, Robert Hawthorn, Sr., and wife, Robert Hawthorn, Jr., and wite, Christopher Sallee, John Moody and wife, Mrs. Jane Sallee, Alexander Cane, and Mary E. Haw¬ thorn. The first pastor was John Gilliam, and he now lives at Mount Yernon, Ill. Meetings were held in private houses for two years during the winter, and in the summer they worshiped in an open shed built for that purpose on the farm of John Hawthorn. They built a hewed log house in 1854, 36x26 feet, and in 1881 it was replaced by the present frame edifice. It is 40 x 24 feet and cost $800. Rev. John Prince was a local preacher, and was a res¬ ident of Hamilton County, Ill., where he died in the pulpit while attempting to exhort in the village of Logansport.

The society now has sixty communicants. Services every three weeks by Rev. R. Oliver, of Carmi; prayer-meeting every Tuesday and Sabbath evenings; Sabbath-school every Sunday morning; Robert Hawthorn has been Class-Leader for twenty-five years; Na¬ than Caley is Superintendent of Sabbath-school. The following are the pastors who have served: Revs. John Gilliam, J. W. Johnson, James Johnson, John Sheppard, Morrison, Williamson, John Deeper, Albert Ransom, Benjamin Pearce, Walker, C. S. Lingenfelter, R. M. Carter, Wilson, Baldridge, Flesher, M. Scothern, William Murir, James W. Morris, R. Oliver.

Wesley Chapel was organized on section 28, in a frame house, in 1806. There are now seventy-five members. Services are held every alternate Sabbath; Sabbath-school every Sunday; prayer¬ meeting and class- meeting each alternate Sabbath. The present pastor is Rev. Silas Greene.

Enfield T0Wn8Hip

A horse mill was built on section 8 by John (Jpton as early as 1826. One was also built on section 16, in 1843, by Mark A. Mil¬ ler, to which he added some modern improvements, such as French burrs, and a hand bolt; and later he attached a belt from the wheel to the bolt, so that the team both pounded and bolted the flour at the same time. He ran it almost constantly, day and night, until 1858, when he rented it out and moved to Enfield.

The first steam flouring mill in the township was built by the Orr brothers in 1865, an account of which is given in the history of the village of Enfield.

The early settlers tanned their own leather and made shoes for their own families. They put their hides in a small hod of water in the creek, which they removed in from seven to nine days, then lay the hides on a bench and scraped the hair off. They then put it into a trough of ooze made of oak bark, where it was kept till tanned, or partly so; then made into shoes by sewing; no pegs were used then.

The first tannery was built on section 7, by James Nelson, about 1830. The vats were holes dug in the ground, 4x6 feet, and walled with oak puncheons. The bark was ground on a wooden crusher, similar to the old wooden cane-mill. This tannery was carried on about fifteen years.

A tannery was built in Enfield in 1860 by John Dennison, which was an improvement on the former, having a cast-iron bark crusher, and other modern improvements. Mr. Dennison sold to William Henn in about 1863, and it afterward came into the hands of Wilson Story. It was discontinued in 1866.

Charles Parkhurst built cotton gins on section 25, about the year 1827, and ran it three or four years. He afterward operated a carding machine for three years; then his son John built a carding machine in 1S40, where West Union now stands, and ran it until 1865.

Hi8Tory Of Whitk County

1860. - Six schools taught by eight male teachers and two female; 372 pupils, fifteen of whom were under six years of age; sixty-two to seventy-five scholars to each school; 291 scholars were males, and 171 females; 744 persons in the township were under twentyone; six districts and six school-houses; of the latter, four were log and two frame; length of school, «ix months; there was one private school in the township; teachers' wages, $25 to $35 a month; amount paid teachers, $1,140; township fund, $1,241.38; State fund, $667.54; raised by tax, $755.80; paid township officers, $25; total amount received, $1,550; expended, $1,430.

1882. - Number of males under twenty-one, 489; females, 539; total, 1,028. Of these, 706 are over six years of age ; there were 9 ungraded schools and 1 graded; total number of months of school, 59 ; average number of months, 5 9-10 ; pupils enrolled, 548; num¬ ber of male teachers, 8 ; female teachers, 5 ; total days' attend¬ ance of pupils, 40,701. There are 9 frame school-houses and 1 log; number of private schools, 2; number of pupils in private schools, 243; number of teachers, 8. Highest monthly wages paid male teachers, $42.50; female, $30; lowest monthly wages paid any male teacher, $22 ; female, $20 ; amount earned by male teachers during the year, $1,800 ; female teachers, $450 ; amount of district tax levied for the support of schools, $ l, OSS ; estimated value of school property. $3,240; value of school apparatus, $40; amount of bonded school debt, $4,200; number of those between twelve and twenty-one, unable to read and write, 15; income of township fund received during the year, $108.58; received from county su¬ perintendent, $894.48; compensation of treasurers, $71.96; dis¬ tributed to districts reported in this county, $931.1 ; total amount received during the year by township treasurer, $7,888.46; total expenditures for the year ending June 30, 1882, $4,765.42.

Eh Field T0Wn8Hip

Although but very few years have passed since the town of En¬ field was founded, it is difficult to realize the changes that have taken place in its appearance and surroundings since then, or that so much has been accomplished in so brief a period. Where now stand stately public buildings, school-houses and churches, spacious stores and business houses, busy mills and work shops, elegant resi¬ dences, surrounded with evidences of refinement and culture, taste¬ ful cottages, the homes of a thrifty and contented people, miles of sidewalks, filled with all the busy life of an energetic and prosper¬ ous town, but a generation ago was an unpeopled waste, the beauty of its site unknown, save to an occasional hunter or the Indiau mound. Many are still living in the town in the enjoyment of a hale old age, who aided in the foundation of the new town, and erected some of its first rude buildings. They have lived to see the log cabins replaced by large and substantial buildings, have seen the little town spread out until its well-built streets extend in all directions, and the little village has become an important busi¬ ness mart.

built by Nance and Wallace; each built a house the same day. They were log cabins, and the one Wallace built now stands near the M. E. church, is weather-boarded and occupied by Robert Johnson. The first frame house was built by the Orr Brothers, in 1854, in which they kept the first store. "Uncle Robert Orr hauled their first stock of goods from Shawneetown in a two-horse wagon. The first blacksmith shop was built by Nance & Wallace, in 1854. The first saddle and harness shop was built by Wm. M. Gowdy, in 1855. The first mill, built in 1859 by J. H. Jameson, was a small grist and saw-mill, and run by steam-power; it changed hands a few times, and was burned in 1871. The same year it was rebuilt as a saw-mill by Stewart Benham, who also built grist-mill on the opposite side of the L. & N. R. R., near the depot; the grist-mill was removed to Burnt Prairie in 1881. In 187b Harry Wood had a flouring mill added. John Orr built a carding-mill in 1860. It was soon afterward converted into a shingle-mill bv Thomas Orr and Whitfield Gowdy.

March 9, 1815, one Mr. Morgan was killed bv the Indians, on the spot where a small scrub-oak now stands, about twenty rods east of the Sherid an House. The Indians were pursued by Thomas Fields and others; the former discovered the place on the mur¬ dered man's head that had been scalped; it was lower down and farther back than was their custom of scalping.

There is now a population of 800. There are three general stores, four grocery stores, one restaurant, four blacksmith shops, two of which have wagon shops connected, one shoe shop, a saddle and harness shop, three millinery stores, one barber shop, two steam flouring mills, five physicians, and one hotel, the Sheridan House.

Harry Woodruff's Mill was first built as a saw-mill. It was bought by Mr. Wood in 1872, who built a flouring mill in addition. There are three sets of burrs and the latest style of machinery. The capacity is forty barrels a day, and do custom work entirely. Mr. Wood has a new boiler engine, forty horse-power.

Educational

Southern Illinois College . - In March, 1873, at the meeting of the Ewing Presbytery of the Cumberland Presbyterian church, a committee was appointed to inquire into the propriety of building up a high school at some point in the Presbytery, with power to select location and appoint a Board of Trustees for said school. This committee met at Enfield, and appointed R. M. Davis, Chairman, and J. M. Miller, Secretary. A public meeting of the citizens of Enfield and vicinity was called, which decided that Enfield should be the site for the school. The citizens pledged themselves to help build up and support it, and the house was built and named " En¬ field High School." The building was sold in 1878 under a me¬ chanic's lien.

In 1879 the second Synod of the Cumberland Presbyterian church took hold of the work and appointed a committee to re¬ purchase the property, finish the building, have it chartered as a synodical school, and get the school started. The property was purchased for $1,500, and a Board of Trustees was appointed by the committee to carry out the plans. The school was named South¬ ern Illinois Academy. K. W. Purdue was appointed an agent to raise the necessary funds for the purchase and for furnishing the building. This sum, $2,500, was raised in a very short time. The Board of Trustees consisted of one member from each Presbytery and three resident members, namely: Rev. William Davis, of Ew¬ ing; Rev. J. M. Wyckoff, of Illinois; James Morrison, of Albion; S. S. Chanee, of McLin; J. H. Gowdy,of William, Mary and J. E. Wil¬ lis, of Enfield. This board met Aug. 4. 1880, and employed Prof. M. A. Montgomery, a graduate of Lincoln University, Ill., as Prin¬ cipal. The building was completed, the debts liquidated as fast as they became due, and the school opened in September, 1880.

Prof. Montgomery is still in charge of the school, which is steadily growing in numbers and interest. By authority of th Synod, the Board of Trustees decided to re-charter the institution as a college, and change the name to Southern Illinois College; this will soon be done. They expect soon to have an endowment fund of $20,000.

At the beginning of the fall terra in 1881 there were sixty-three students in the college and at the close of the spring terra in 1882, there were 120 students.

Public Schools. - Prior to the establishment of the public school system in Enfield, schools were supported partly by sub¬ scription and partly from a State fund; the latter arose from inter¬ est on money from sale of land, section 16. Originally, the schools were supported entirely by subscription. The first frame schoolhouse built in the village was in 18G0. It was a one-story building 22x36 feet. The first teacher was Rev. J. M. Miller, who taught in the vicinity from 1837 to 1864; he taught every term except one from the time of the establishment of the school till 1864. Among his successors have been G. N. Johnson, George Robinson, Milton Brockett, Mr. Harnmel, Dr. Asher, Rev. Mr. Crow, Martin W. Fields, J. Odell, and Mr. Locke. The school was graded in 1866, with Dr. D. C. Asher as Principal. The building is of brick, two stories high, and cost $5,000; it was built in 1882. The present Principal is Prof. I.W. Howarth. There are 180 pupils and three teachers.

Enfield Presbyterian Church was organized by Rev. B. C. Swan and Elder C. S. Conger, in the Cumberland house of worship, May 2, 1865, with the following members: Felix II. Willis, Mary J. Willis, Gustavn8 A. Willis, Eliza J. Willis, James E. Willis, Jennet Willis, Robert C. Willis, Benjamin L. Willis, Rufus A. Willis, John Campbell, Sr., Clara Campbell, Angus Campbell, Andrew King, Clara King, Franklin Miller, Alinon Miller, R.W. Storey, Mrs. R. W. Storey, Anna Wasson, Mary Miller, J.R.Dales* Susan Dales, Margaret Connery. Elders: Felix II. White, James R. Dales, Andrew King were the first. Since appointed: James E. Willis, S. B. F. Miller, A. R. Tate. Whole number of members, 140. Ministers: George K. Perkins, March 14, 1869, to fall of the same year; B. C. Swan, from October, 1869, to March, 1871; Thomas Smith, from March 13, 1871, to March, 1876. Pastor: Mr. Swan again since March, 1876. Mr. Swan resides in Enfield, and divides one half his time equally with Sharon and McLeansboro churches. There is a good house of worship, dedicated Feb. 13, 1871, cost $9,000. Repairs in 1873 cost $100. The records of this church are correctly and beautifully kept, and it is one of the model churches. Its members believe that God is a God of order and not of confusion, and that good taste, neatness, common sense and perfect correctness should be conspicuous in everything per¬ taining to God's house and God's worship.

Rev. B. C. Swan is the present pastor. Regular services every second and fourth Sabbaths at 11 a. m. and 7 p. m.; Sabbath-school every Sabbath at 9 :30 a. m. ; prayer and teachers' meeting every Wednesday night.