White County, Illinois - Biographical sketches, 1883 (part 7 of 11)

Eastern Tennessee, and came here with her parents when she was small. They were married in Edwards County in 1826. He followed farming principally; carried on a mercantile business in Grayville for a few years. During the fall and winter, when the water was navigable, he would load a boat with the products of the farm and start with the view of landing at New Orleans, but sometimes found sale for his cargo before reaching this port. He died in 1847, at the age of forty-five years. His mother died in 1842, when she was about thirty-eight years of age. There were four in the family that lived to be grown out of six children. Geo. W. Martin was reared on his father's farm. When he was seventeen years old liis father died, leaving him homeless, and he was placed in charge of a guardian till he was twenty-one years old. He then came to Grayville, and engaged with Benedict & Williams in commission business and chain-pump manufactory, remained with them four years. He then made an engagement with Geo. M. Weed in a saw-mill, and continued with him up to his death, Sept. 16, 1862. Mr. Martin then closed up the business and did the collecting and settling up of the business. He continued in the business, which was owned by Mr. Weed's widow and her brother John Brissenden, for two years longer. At the expiration of this time it was agreed to sell the mill, and it was purchased by Mr. Martin and Mr. Brissenden. These gontlemen ran the business for ten years, and did a very successful business, having a large trade from the sur¬ rounding country. Oct. 21, 1876, the mill was destroyed by fire, and everything lost, including one half million feet of lumber. The mill had all new machinery and all modern improvements. Loss valued at $20,000, no insurance. The following November they purchased, together with Sam. J. Orange, a saw and planing mill of Wm. Gravett, and the firm name was Martin, Brissenden & Co., which co-partnership now exists. Mr. Martin was married Nov. 15, 1860, to Mercena P. Clayton, a native of Ohio. They have a family of six children living, and have lost two sons; living are - Charles C., Mariam W., George W., Eliza D., Hannah and Kate, all living at home. Mr. Martin is a fine business man, excels in many points, and, on account of his strict adherence to business principles, his life in this respect has been successful.

Thomas Mathews , born May 13, 1814, in County Longford, Ire¬ land, is a son of David and Bridget Mathews. In the spring of 1835 he came to this country; landed in New York, and settled in New York City for nearly two years; followed the trade of a tailor, which he partly learned in Ireland. In 1836 he went to Buffalo and fol¬ lowed his trade there for a short time, and in 1837 went to Canada, but remained there only a few months. He then went to Cincin¬ nati and lived nearly a year, when he went to Indianapolis and re¬ mained six months. In 1840 he settled in Phillipstown, White Co., Ill., and staid there till 1844, when he came to Grayville, where he has since resided. He followed the tailor's trade when he first came here, and also early engaged in the grocery business, buying and packing pork. He has property in Grayville, also three farms, one in Wabash County, the others in Wayne and Clay counties, this State. He was married in 1848 to Eliza Jacobs, a native of White County. They have a family of six children, all grown, three sons and three daughters. Politically he has always been a Democrat. He cast his first Presidential vote for Martin Van Buren, in 1836.

Martin H. McCreery , born Jan. 4, 1804, in Fayette County, Ky., was a son of Andrew and Susana (Todd) McCreery, natives of Kentucky. In 1811 his parents came to Illinois and located in Hawthorn, White County, in the southeast corner of " Big Prairie." His father died there in the spring of 1812, and his mother in Edwards County, Dec. 8, 1854, at the age of seventy years. After the death of Mr. McCreery his wife married John Elder. Martin lived on the homestead in Hawthorn till he was twenty-eight years old. He was married in 1829 to Anna Hauks, a native of Ken¬ tucky. She died Oct. 4, 1838. He was married again Oct. 17, 1839, to Louisa Sullivan, a native of Kentucky, and who died June 28, 1858. He married again, to his present wife, July 5, 1859, Sarah Proctor, a native of Kentucky. Mr. McCreery had eleven children by his different wives, four now living. He has 240 acres of land in Edwards County, and lived on this place thirty-five years. He came to Grayville, Nov. 12, 1871, where he has been residing since. He cast his first Presidential vote for Andrew J ackson, in 1825. Mr. McCreery is now in his seventy-ninth year. His mem¬ ory is very good, and owing to a good constitution he has been able to reach this good old age.

Joseph Milliron , M . 2?., born Oct. 4, 1844, in Portsmouth, Ohio, was a son of Salathial and Elizabeth (Sutterfield) Milliron, natives of Ohio. His mother died in Gibson County, Ind., when on a visit to her daughter's. When he was small his father died in Jasper County, Ohio, in 1880. Joseph, when a young boy, had to work his way up by his own efforts; attended school at In- diana University, at Bloomington. In 1865, he began the study of medicine and graduated from Chicago Medical College in 1869. While he was studying medicine at Chicago he taught school as a means of support while going through college. In 1861 he enlisted in Co. K, 24th Indiana Regiment, and was in the service nearly two years. He was taken sick after the battle of Shiloh, and laid in the hospital at Crump's Landing, just below the Shiloh battle-field. He was there three weeks when he was able to make an application for his discharge, which was granted May 17, 1862. He went to La Fayette, Ind., and shortly after entered the ser¬ vice again in Company E, 135th Indiana Infantry, May 10, 1864, and served his time out in this regiment of 100 days, and got his second discharge Sept. 21, 1864. Almost immediately after, Nov. 15, 1864, he entered the 17th Indiana Battery, and served till May 20, 1865, at the close of the war. After he received his first discharge, he attended the Battle-ground Institute, on the Tippecanoe battle-ground, attending literary studies; after¬ ward he went to Bloomington College. He began his practice of medicine in Wayne County, Ill., at Mt. Erie; was there a month when he came to Grayville, White County, in 1869, where he has been in the practice ever since. He has a good paying practice. He is Surgeon for the P., D. & E. R. R. ; received his appointment Feb. 25, 1882. He was married Oct. 4, 1877, to Laura Hearn, a native of Keokuk, Iowa. They have three children, one son and two daughters. Dr. Milliron, has been a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows societies tor eleven years.

Samuel J. Orange , born Jan. 23, 1825, in Edwards County, near Albion, is a son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Luntley) Orange, natives of London, England. They came to this country in 1818, and set¬ tled in Edwards County, where he entered three quarters of a sec¬ tion of land, most of it now in the possession of the family. Samuel lived on the homestead until he was twenty-one years of age. He then went to Cincinnati, and was married in 1848, to D. E. Clay¬ ton, of that city. In December, 1850, he moved to Grayville, brought with him a stock of general goods, and opened business; continued in this about six years. When the war broke out he and his wife were employed by the Sanitary and Christian com¬ missions. He was first employed by the Sanitary Commission in charge of the Soldiers' Home, at Columbus, Ky., a home for con¬ valescent soldiers, and remained there three years. In 1865 he went to Texas, and took sanitary stores to Custer's command, un- der Phil. Sheridan's department. Remained there one year, when they were called to the Soldiers' Orphans' Home, at St. Louis, and continued three years. At his mother's death, in April, 1869, he resigned his position and went to England to settle up her estate, after which he returned and went into the lumber business at Grayville, which he has continued in ever since. His father died in 1861, at the breaking out of the war. He belonged to the Whig party till it died out, and since has been a Republican. In 1854 he was Justice of the Peace for a term of four years. Mr. and Mrs. Orange are members of Christian church. Mr. Orange has been a member since he was sixteen years old. He has been a very strong temperance man, taking great interest in this cause.

William L. Payne, Sr., born April 16, 1818, in Jefferson County, within four miles of Louisville, Ky., is a son of Laban and Mary E. (Gray) Payne, both natives of Virginia, but emigra¬ ted from Kentucky to White County, Ill., about 1826, with the family; settled at Bon pas, and remained there till 1833. The ma¬ laria being so prevalent, Mr. Payne sold out and went back to Kentucky, where they made it their home afterward till their death. Laban Payne died in Kentucky in 1846,- and his wife died near Grayville, while on a visit, Oct. }28, 1858. William Payne lived at home till he was eighteen years old, and at this age began learn¬ ing the saddler and harness trade ; served his time at Elkton, Todd Co., Ky. He then went to work at his trade in different parts of the country up to 1840. He then went into a dry-goods and gro¬ cery store as a clerk for an older brother in Monroe Couuty, Mo. Shortly after he, with his brother, moved to Lewisport, Hancock Co., Ky., and went into the same business as partners; remained in business there from 1840 to 1844. At this time the Mexican war fever broke out, and William went to Mexico, engaged in the United States service; enlisted at Louisville, Ky., in the Second Cavalry, commanded by Colonel Humphrey Marshall; went from Louisville by water to Memphis, Tenn., and from there over¬ land, and joined General Taylor at Monterey, Mexico. He went through the fight at Monterey and marched to Buena Vista, where he was encamped for a considerable length of time. While encamping there the forces were expecting Santa Anna with his army to fall upon them, and a call was made for volunteers to go out on a scout to ascertain the strength of Santa Anna's forces. The scouting expedition was under command of John P. Gaines as Major, and Cassius M. Clay as Captain. The volunteers num- bered forty men, Mr. Payne being an Orderly Sergeant of the com¬ pany. At Incarnation they were overpowered by the advance guard of Santa Anna, numbering about 4,000 men, and the whole party taken prisoners, and taken to San Louis, and from there to the city of Mexico, where they were prisoners nine months, marching about from one place to another through Mexico, and were re¬ leased at Tampico, Mexico. When he left there he came back to Lewisport, Ky., end engaged in the saddle and harness business til 1 the Rebellion opened. He recruited a company at that place, and went into the war ; previous to this he got a commission as commander of the militia, and was in command of this about four years before the war broke out. When the war broke out he got a commission from the Government and recruited a company; took command of it, and placed it in the service; was organized at Owensboro, Ky., and attached to the Twelfth Kentucky Cavalry. He went into the service the fore part of 1862, and on account oi failing health resigned his commission in the fall of 1863, and moved to Grayville the same fall, where he has been living ever since. He followed his old business in Grayville for about fifteen years. In former days he was an old line Whig, until the party went down, and since the Republican party came into power he has been an ardent supporter of the party. He was married Sept. 18, 1850, to Catharine Baldauf, a German by birth, who came from the old country with her parents when she was quite young. They have eight children, two sons and six daughters. Mr. Payne is a well posted man on matters of an early date, and takes great pride in relating incidents that occurred in his early life. Indeed, all the way through, liis life has been eventful in many respects.

George Pope, born July 4, 1813, in Logan County, Ky., is a son of John Pope and Christena (Smith) Pope, both of German de¬ scent and natives of North Carolina. George lived in Kentucky till he was sixteen years old, and came to White County, Nov. 18, 1829. When he first came here he hired out by the month on a farm, and followed this till 1836, when he went to Albion, Edwards County, and engaged in wagon-making ; was a natural genius, and soon became familiar with the trade. He followed his trade in Albion for fifteen years. He was married in 1831 to Mary H. Bailey, a native of Kentucky. They came to this county at the same time, and were married in Burnt Prairie. In 1851 he came to Grayville and started the wagon-making business here and has been engaged in it ever since, never stopping, always pushing ahead, with a firm heart and strong arm. He cast his first Presidential vote for Andrew Jackson, during his second term. He was a radical Democrat up to 1861, and since that date has been an ardent supporter of the Re¬ publican party. He never was an aspirant after office, although a number of years ago he was Constable for the corporation of Grayville. Mr. Pope has seen a great many of the hardships character¬ istic to the early life in this country, and has stood the storms and raids of this life remarkably well. Owing to a strong constitution he is now able to do a day's work with remarkable ease, and his good-natured countenance is a pleasant reception to all that meet him. Mr. and Mrs. Pope on Nov. 20, 1881, celebrated their golden wedding. All members of their family were present, including their grandchildren, an event that was most happily participated in by all members of their family. Mr. and Mrs. Pope have four children living - Mary J., wife of John Morey; Josephine, widow of Charles E. Spring; Florence, wife of John Brissenden; and George M. Pope, all residing in Grayville.

Charles L . Ree%, born Aug. 13, 1831, in Cincinnati, Hamilton Co., O., is a son of David and Zilphia (Murphy) Rees. His father was a native of Pennsylvania, of German descent, and died in Cin¬ cinnati of cholera in 1849. His mother, a native of Virginia, is now living, in her eighty-ninth year, in Cincinnati, with her daugh¬ ter. Mr. Rees lived and received his education in Cincinnati, until 1853. He was in business there in wood-type and engraving, and was burned out in the spring of 1853. He was married Aug. 3, 1852, to Julia T. Slater, a native of Dearborn County, Ind. In 1853 he went to Louisville, Ky., and engaged in the carriage busi¬ ness a year, and then moved to Evansville, Ind., and continued in the same business for fourteen years. In the spring of 1869 he moved to Grayville, and is engaged in the furniture business, auc¬ tion and general merchandising. In business life he has been successful. Mr. and Mrs. Rees have a family of four children - Laura Belle, Carrie, Flora and Charles. They have lost three chil¬ dren, all daughters. Politically he has been a Republican since the party has been in power. His father was an old-line Whig in his day. He had two brothers in the war, one of whom died in Donnaldsonville in 1864. He was a surgeon. The Rees family, as far as their ancestors can be traced baok, have shown a marked degree of personal dignity and uprightness, and have always proved themselves perfectly honorable in all their dealings, both with themselves and with the world. The family take great pride in this, and it is taught to the rising generations, and will prove a characteristic to be preserved by them as a credit to themselves and an honor to their ancestors.

William Robinson was born in Mount Carmel, Wabash Co., Ill., Sept. 16, 1842. His parents were Anthony A. and Rose (Wil¬ kinson) Robinson. They had a family of nine children^ Will¬ iam was the fourth son. When he was six or seven years old, his father moved to Edwards County, Ill., where William remained until twenty-two; then came to White County. Dec. 13, 1862, he married Mary Handley. After his marriage he rented land in Gray Township four or five years, then purchased his present farm, where he owns 180 acres. Mrs. Robinson is a member of the United Brethren church. They have had seven children, six living - Anthony E., born Aug. 30, 1863; Joseph, born April 13, 1865; Margaret R., born March 20, 1867; J. Henry, born Feb. 20y 1869; Frank W., born Dec. 4, 1871; Mary B., born Dec. 17, 1879y died Jan. 15, 1881; Arthur J., born Dec. 9, 1874. Mr. Robinson is one of the Road Commissioners of Gray Township; was elected in 1881. In politics he is a Republican.

C. R. Smith, M. D ., was bom April 5, 1815, in Blue Lick, Ky. At the age of six years he moved with his father and family to Indianapolis, Ind. , and three years after liis father died. His father was a Methodist minister, and his mother was a physician. In 1837, in connection with Dr. Robb, of Indianapolis, he began the practice of dentistry. Times grew hard, he obtained little work, and he sought a new and more lucrative profession. He entered upon the study and practice of medicine with his elder brother, P. R. Smith, and in 1840 located at Shawneetown, Ill. Here he remained about a year, and thence removed to Carmi, where he married Amanda C. Gilbert, July 14, 1847. She was a native of Philadelphia, Penn., born June 4, 1824. He remained at Carmi until he graduated in medicine from the Evansville Medical College in 1850. Thence he removed to Grayville, where he resided till his death, Feb. 27, 1881. Dr. and Mrs. Smith were the parents of four children, only two now living - Daniel R. and Marquis L. He was a member of the Grayville Lodge, A. F. & A. M. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. His 6on, D. R. Smith, has taken up the practice of den¬ tistry, and is filling his father's place in this respect, being a careful and efficient dentist.

Michael Smith, born Dec. 7, 1838, in Yanderburg County, Ind., is a son of Adam and Ann Smith. They came from Germany and settled at Chambersburg, Penn., in 1829. A short time after, in the same year, they moved to Yanderburg County, Ind., where they remained about a year, and then moved to Yincennes, Ind. Adam Smith died at Yincennes in 1844, and the widow still lives there at the age of eighty-five years. Michael Smith, when he was eight years old, began life for himself. He worked on a steamboat for a while and at different kinds of work, and when he was twelve years old learned the saddler's trade, in Gray ville. He came to Grayville in 1846. When he wa sixteen years old he went into the trade in earnest, and continued in it until 1881, when he was burned out, Dec. 19. He was appointed a Notary Public in 1863, and still continues in this office. He was elected President of the Common Council in 1868. He was Treasurer of the town of Grayville for one term. He has been very success¬ ful in speculating, having made considerable of his wealth in that manner. He is a sharp business man, and one of the sub¬ stantial citizens of Grayville. He owns 700 acres of land in this vicinity, besides valuable city property in different parts of the city. In his fire, Dec. 19, 1881, he lost about $5,000 in liquors, groceries and saddlery, and the building, with no insurance. He was married Feb. 2, 1876, to Pauline Noller, of Mt Carmel, Ill. She was born Jan. 7, 1855, and died May 18, 1879. He was married again on Aug. 3, 1880, to Whilmena Noller, a half-sister of his former wife. She was born Nov. 21, 1861. They have one son - Baron Stonewall Smith, born June 26, 1882.

Samuel E . Speck , born Oct. 17, 1834, in Prussia, is a son of Carl and Doretha (Nohse) Speck. His mother came to this country in 1850, and settled in Evansville, Ind., where she is now living, seventy-eight years old. There were five children that came over with her, Samuel being sixteen years old. He learned the tin¬ smith's trade in Evansville, and worked at it there five years. He was married at Evansville, Feb. 4, 1860, to Emelia Wingginghous, a native of Germany, who came to this country with her pa¬ rents when she was small. In October of 1860 they came to Grayville and opened in tinware and stoves in a frame building on North street. In 1878 he put up a fine brick business block near where he was, and moved into it. A few years after they came to Grayville he added hardware to his business, and now has a fine store, and carries a large stock of goods. He has one of the finest stocks of goods in his line in the county. Mr. Speck has two large business houses in Evansville, besides his property here. They have five children - Ottela, Charles, Emily, Edith and Samuel, an infant, all at home.

Thomas Z . Spencer was born in St. Clair County, Ill., Oct. 6, 1843. His parents were William and Ciceley (Gilla) Spencer, na¬ tives of England. Thomas Z. was the second son and fifth child of a family of five girls and two boys. When two years old he came with his parents to Gray Township, and is now living on and owns the old homestead farm. Mr. Spencer married Nancy Taylor,* March 9, 1876. She was born in Indiana, and was a daughter of John and Cazalin (Sutton) Taylor. Mr. and Mrs. Spencer have two children, one living - Herbert A., born Feb. 13, 1881. Mrs. Spencer died June 9, 1881. March 27, 1882, Mr. Spencer married Ellen Mason, a native of Edwards County, Ill., and a daughter of Peter and Mary A. (Jackson) Mason, natives ol England and Kentucky. Mrs. Spencer is a member of the Meth¬ odist Episcopal church. Mr. Spencer owns a fine farm of 160 acres, eighty under cultivation. In politics he is a Democrat.

William Spencer was born in Lancashire, England, June 6, 1836. His parents were William and Ciceley (Gilla) Spencer. William was the oldest of seven children; he was but three years of age when he came with his parents to America. He came in the sailing vessel John Taylor, and was wrecked on the break¬ ers of the Cuban shore. They had lost their masts in a storm, and were driven in shore and on the breakers. All the crew were saved except one man. They lived on the island twenty-one and one-half days, on perri winkles, a shell-fish, and mahogany ber¬ ries. They were taken ofl by a passing vessel to New Orleans. From there they went to St. Louis, Mo., and settled on a farm in St. Clair County, Ill., ten miles south of Belleville, where they re¬ mained two years; then came in an ox-team to White County, set¬ tling in Gray Township. The father was one of the first men of 1849 to go to California, returning in 1852; he was killed by the accidental discharge of a gun, while in Henry County, Mo. Will¬ iam remained on the farm with his mother until 1863, when he began farming. He married Mrs. Mary E. Anderson, May 1, 1865. She was born in Posey County, Ind., and was a daughter of Daniel and Mary E. (Ferguson) Harshman, natives of Indiana. Mrs. Spencer married George Anderson, Feb. 7, 1858. He was born in White County, Ill., and was a son of Benjamin and Siba

(Covington) Anderson. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson had a family of three children - Alonzo M., born Nov. 17, 1858, resides in Ken¬ tucky; Frank M., born Sept. 2, 1860, is teaching school in Cham¬ paign County, Ill.; Mary H., born Jan. 3, 1863, resides at home. Mr. Anderson enlisted in the late war and died in the service at Lit¬ tle Rock, Ark., with the small-pox. After Mr. and Mrs. Spencer were married they settled on their present farm, on section 30, Gray Township. He and wife have had three children - Boullair, born June 11, 1866; Sicily, born Dec. 3, 1869; Flora J., born Sept. 20, 1875. Mr. Spencer owns a fine farm of 112* acres on section 30, forty acres on section 25, and 120 on section 4, Phillips Township. In politics he is a Democrat. He has held the office of School Director.

Clarence H. Spring , born Oct. 8, 1834, in Albion, Edwards Co. Ill., is a son of Dr. Archibald and Mrs. Margaret (Dunn) Spring, for¬ merly wife of Stephen Jolly (deceased). His father was a native of England, and settled in Edwards County with his mother. He was a graduate from the medical college at Baltimore, and fol¬ lowed the practice of medicine all through this section of the country. Clarence Spring lived in Albion with his mother, his father having died in the spring of 1845. In 1850, when he was sixteen years old, he came to Grayville. He first went into a drug store with the intention of learning the business. He re¬ mained in this store, run by Dr. Garrick, about one year, after which he went as clerk in a grocery store for Prunty & Wood¬ ward, who were doing a large business, both wholesale and retail, furnishing nearly all the flour between here and Centralia, Ill. He remained with them until 1855. He then began clerking for Jolly & Mayo in a dry-goods establishment, and remained with them until March, 1857. In the month of March, 1857, he went to Kansas and became a squatter. He settled on a claim in Atch¬ ison County of 160 acres, and afterward went into Brown County, and took up 160 acres more, remaining there four months, long enough to make a purchase, it being Indian trust land and was sold to squatters at Government valuation, which resulted in a good investment. He returned to Grayville, and was married May 13, 1858, to Margaret Simonds, a native of Wabash County, and daughter of Stephen Simonds. In June, 1858, he engaged in the drug business with Dr. E. Y. Mitchell, of Gibson County, Ind., under the firm name of Mitchell & Spring. This co-part¬ nership continued until 1863, when they sold out. In 1861 he was appointed Postmaster by President Lincoln, and continued to discharge the duties of this office up to 1865. At this time, after the assassination of Lincoln, President Johnson called upon Mr. Spring to contribute to his campaign funds, and upon the refusal to comply with Mr. Johnson's request Mr. Spring was placed out of office. However, he was re-appointed to the office again by President Grant, in 1869, and still continues to discharge the duties of this office. In 1866 he engaged in the grain and commission busi¬ ness, and shipped the grain South by water to New Orleans, before any railroad was built in this part of the country. He continued in this business, at times quite extensively, up to within a few years. In 1872 he again became associated in the drug business with John F. Jolly and L. L. Hollister, under the firm name of Jolly, Spring & Hollister. In 1874 Mr. Hollister withdrew, and the firm then was Jolly & Spring. In 1875 they sold their interests in the business. In 1877 he opened a book store and news stand in the building with the postoffice, which he is now running. He has been engaged in the sale of agricultural implements since 1879. He was a member of the Common Council when the bonds were issued to the Cairo & Vincennes Railroad, in 1870, and has been Treasurer of the town for several years, and School Treas¬ urer since 1871, and still retains this responsibility. Mr. and Mrs. Spring had seven children, four sons and three daughters. The sons are all dead, and the girls are living - Mary B., Margret D. and Camilla.

Adolphus W. Stokes, M. D.y son of John M. and Mary (Turner) Stokes, was born near Carmi, Nov. 5, 1833. He was reared in this county, and received his early education in the log-cabin school, on Crooked Creek. He studied medicine with his brother, J. G. Stokes, and attended the College of Medicine, Louisville, Ky., where he graduated in 1875. He began practice in 1861. He came to Grayville in 1862. He is in partnership with his brother, J. G. Stokes. He was never married. He has always been a Democrat, politically, but has never been a politician.

James O. Stokes, M. D ., born Dec. 29,1828, five and one half-miles northeast of Carmi, White County, is a eon of John and Mary Stokes. His mother was a native of Kentucky and his father of North Carolina. He was a slave-owner; moved here and left his slaves there in 1818, where he lived till his death, Aug. 31, 1873, following the life of a farmer. He was born July 29, 1798. His mother died in 1864, when she was sixty-four years old. James was brought up on the farm, and educated in an old log cabin, but applied himself at home studiously, and taught two or three terms himself. He began the study of medicine when he was sixteen years old, borrowing some books from an old physician of Phillip6- town. Attended lectures at Jefferson Medical College of Phila¬ delphia during two sessions, when he graduated in 1869. In 1857-'58 and up to 1859 he read medicine with E. L. Stewart, of Carmi. Began practice of medicine when he was a boy on the farm, and during the time since he has been engaged in it. He practiced some with Dr. Stewart, of Carmi, while he was studying with him. May 15, 1860, he settled at Grayville, where he has been residing ever since. He is connected with his brother, Adol¬ phus W. Stokes, and they are considered among the leading phy¬ sicians of the county. Their practice is very extensive, being general in its nature. Dr. Stokes was married July 1, 1855, to Ruth A. McCurdy, a native of Ohio, who died Nov. 18, 1863, at the age of twenty-eight. She was the mother of three children, two of them now living - Henrietta, wife of James Kigali, residing in Grayville, and John M., who is a graduate in medicine and sur¬ gery. Dr. Stokes has performed a great many difficult operations in surgery during his professional record.

Gso. A. Tromly, born Dec. 22, 1841, in Mt. Vernon, Jefferson Co., Ill., is a son of Michael and Jane (Bough ton) Tromly, his' father a native of New Jersey, and his mother of Vincennes, Ind. Michael Tromly's father was a native of Canada, and settled in Vincennes in 1789. His father and mother were married in 1832. at Burlington, Iowa, where they were living, and moved to Mt. Vernon, Jefferson Co., Ill., in 1835. He was a jeweler by trade, and followed his trade there up to the time of his death, May 26, 1878. He was prominently connected with the business interests of Mt. Vernon, and was a highly esteemed citizen of that place. His mother died in August, 1855. They had a family of six children, four of whom are now living - Michael Tromly, was married three times. He first married a lady by the name of Reseco, of Vincennes, who died in 1829 or '30, by whom he had three children, one now living. His second wife was Jane Boughton, and his third wife was Mrs. Emily A. Wylie, to whom he was married in 1836; now living at Mt. Vernon. They have one child living. Geo. A. Tromly was reared in Mt. Vernon. When he was quite young he began to learn the jewelry trade, and when he was fifteen years old he began to take care of himself. He made a trip in the fall and winter of 1858 and '59, and the spring of 1860, to Texas and Missouri, clerking in Texas and engaged as a farm hand in Missouri. In August, 1860, he returned to Mt. Vernon; after staying there about two months he went to Bond County, Ill., and engaged on a farm, where he remained till May, 1861. He then enlisted in the army, in the 100 days' service. He enlisted at Greenville, Bond Co., Ill., in Company D, Twenty-second Infan¬ try ; was ordered to Belleville, Ill .; stayed there till his time expired and then was mustered into the three years' service. The regiment was ordered to Bird's Point, Mo., off Cairo, Ill. ; remained around there for sometime, and while the regiment was encamped there, they went down to Belmont, Mo., and was in the engagement at that place. In this engagement Mr. Tromly received a wound in his left shoulder, by a musket ball, which he carried for three months and one day. He was one of the first volunteers of South¬ ern Illinois who was wounded, and the result of which he was off duty four months. The next actual service he was in was at the siege of Corinth. On the 9th of May, 1862, in front of Farmington, near Corinth, he was struck with a piece of a shell in the same shoulder and was off duty from this wound one month. After the evacuation of Corinth, his company was put out as guard on the line of the Memphis & Charleston Railroad, and occupied this position about one month. From there the regiment marched over¬ land to Nashville, Tenn., and remained there about three months, when they again took a line of march for Murfreesboro, on Stone River, and was in this engagement, which was one of the hardest fights of the war. In this engagement he came very near being killed. A minie-ball passed through the top of his hat, taking the hair along with it, in its course along the top of his head. From this point they went south into Alabama, and stopped at Bridge¬ port, Ala., on the Tennessee River, and went into encampment at this place. They were in several different skirmishes in their line of travels, and the next hard fight they participated in was the battle of Chickamauga. After this battle they went back to Chat¬ tanooga; there he was taken sick, and was sent to the hospital, at Nashville, where he was confined for seven weeks. He was not with his regiment at the battle of Missionary Ridge, being on de¬ tached duty, and joined the regiment again on the march south to the Atlanta campaign. The next fight they got into was the battle of Resaca, where he had a high old time in some of the charges made there. After this battle they continued their march southward, having several lively skirmishes on the way, and finally took a stand at Dallas and New Hope Church, Ga. Here occurred a lively siege, and then continued the march south, one day after the siege, when the next morning they received orders to report at Springfield, Ill., where they were mustered out of the service, July 7, 1864. He then returned to Mt. Yernon, Ill., and went to clerking for Gray & Bogan, dealers in general merchan¬ dise, and stayed with them seven months, and then went to Bridge¬ port, Lawrence Co., Ill., and then went on a farm and stayed two years with an uncle and cousin respectively. He was married in Bridgeport, Nov. 8, 1866, to Samatha A., daughter of Dr, Samuel Hays, of that city. He then moved to Mt. Yernon, and made this his home for about sixteen months; entered into the jewelry business, taking up the profession of his father, which he has been engaged in since. He came to Carmi, White County, in 1871, and continued in business there three years, when, in 1874, he moved to Grayville, where he is now permanently located. He is the only jeweler in the place, and is thoroughly conversant with his trade, and carries a fine stock of jewelry. As a worthy citizen he is firmly established, and honesty and integrity in his dealings with his fellow-man has gained for Mr. Tromly a reputation that is creditable to him and will extend into the future. Mr. and Mrs. Tromly have five children, three sons and two daughters - Gracie, Charles, Clarence, Glen and Maud.

Abel Vaughn was the son of Nathaniel Yaughn, and bom April 20, 1803, in Fauquier County, Ya. His father crossed the Allegheny Mountains in a wagon (the only way of crossing them at that early day), and settled in Rock Castle County, Ky., when Abel was about four years old. After he became grown he went to East Tennessee, where he was married near Knoxville, to Jane, daughter of Captain Stephen Bond, who was a Captain in the Black Hawk war. Abel was intending entering this war, and was educated as a drummer and fifer, but the war closed before he got into service. In 1831 he moved to Bedford, Ind., where he held a commission from Governor Duncan in charge of a military company. In 1833 he settled in White County, four miles below Grayville, on one of the Stanley farms, and commenced the prac¬ tice of medicine, being very successfully engaged. In 1835 or early in 1836 he came to Grayville, when there were only a few houses, nearly all log cabins, and bonght the Cave property, and put up the first house on it. He continued his practice here which resulted in a large business. In 1838 or 1839, he bought the lots where the saw-mill of Blood & Vaughn now stands, and put up a warehouse. He shortly afterward sold this property and bought several lots at the lower landing, where he lived until 1844. His health now began to fail him, which resulted in severe attacks of asthma, and hemorrhage of the lungs, and he was obliged to leave and go to Lewisburg, Ky., where he regained his health, and had a large practice. He held the position of Postmaster in that place most all the time he lived there, and in 1848 or early in 1849 he resigned bis office in favor of*S. Jackson, of South Carrolton, and it was moved there. He came back to Grayville, and would have been contented to pass the remainder of his days here, but owing to relatives going into Kentucky he finally moved back to South Carrolton and practiced medicine. He held the office of Town Judge, and again was Postmaster of the place. He died Feb. 25, 1880, aged nearly seventy-seven years. Ilis aged wife is still living, andean extend her blessing to her fourth generation.

James F Vaughny born near Knoxville, Tenn., March 14, 1828, is a son of Abel and Jane Vaughn. He was educated for a book¬ keeper, and has followed this business since he was sixteen years old. He was married in Keokuk, Iowa, to Mary Jane Griffith, Feb. 26, 1850. He first came to Grayville with his father in 1833. He was living at Keokuk when he was married, after which he re¬ turned to Grayville, and lived here till 1857, when he moved to Henderson, Ky. In 1863 he moved to Evansville, where he has resided since. He was bookkeeper for several leading business firms in Evansville, and in 1875 was elected City Clerk, holding the office two terms. They have three children - James Shelley, Ella

V. , wife of Win. M. Hull, resides at Louisville, Ky., and Harry Grif¬ fith, being with his parents at Evansville. One daughter died at the age of five years.

James Shelley Vaughn , born in Grayville, Sept. 29, 1855, is a son of James F. and Mary (Griffith) Vaughn. He was educated at Evansville, and graduated from the High School of that city in 1873. He was deputy under his father during his period as City Clerk, and afterward went to keeping books in a wholesale saddlery house for two years. In 1877 he went to Louisville, Ky., and en¬ gaged as salesman in a wholesale saddlery house, remaining there a year. lie then returned to Evansville, and remained about a year. Sept. 29, 1879, he came to Grayville, and engaged with W.

time. Jan. 28, 1880, he entered into a co-partnership with John M. Blood in a saw-mill, under the firm name of Blood & Vaughn. This mill is situated on the site where his grandfather, Abel Vaughn, built a warehouse in 1839, and carried on an extensive forwarding and shipping business. He was married April 20, 1881, to Callie Cook, of Carmi, a daughter of Dr. Charles Cook, an old physician of the county. They have one daughter - Ella, born Feb. 19, 1882.

Nicholas Wise was born in Bavaria, Germany, Aug. 7, 1827. His parents were George C. and Catherine (Soli) Wise. Nicholas was the fourth of eight children. When nineteen years old he came with his parents to America; landed in Baltimore, Md.; went thence to Cincinnati; resided there two years, then moved to Dearborn County, Ind., where he farmed until 1866, when he set¬ tled on his present farm, in Gray Township, Sept. 12, 1851. Mr. Wise married Miss Vitalina Hering, who was bom in Wurtemberg, Germany, April 4, 1837. Her parents were Michael and Vitalina (Scherp) Hering. Mr. and Mrs. Wise were married in Cincinnati, Ohio. He and wife are members of the Lutheran church. They have had a family of twelve children - Basania C., born Aug. 6, 1855. died Oct. 7, 1859; George C., bom Jan. 9, 1857, died Oct. 12, 1859; Nicholas, born Nov. 17, 1858, died Oct. 13, 1859; Nich¬ olas, second, bora Aug. 3, 1860; John G., born Sept. 15, 1862; Andreas, born Nov. 27, 1864; Benjamin, bora March 31, 1867, died May 19, 1881; Caroline E., bora July 3, 1869; Henry, born Jan. 3,1872; Frederic, born April 8, 1874; Charlotta, born Dec. 22, 1876; Franklin P., bora Jan. 15, 1879. Mr. Wise owns 260 acres on sections 26 and 27. In politics he is a Democrat.

This township borders on the Great Wabash River, and lies be¬ tween Phillips on the north and Emma on the south. It consists of township 5 south, range 10 east, and comprises fortv-6ix square miles.

Among the early settlers were Aaron Williams, Nathaniel Black¬ ford, Enoch Hargrave, Daniel Winkler, the Lands and Sellers. Mr. Winkler started a ferry and ran it for some time, and theu sold to a man by the name of Collins. The latter sold to Aaron Williams, and the ferry was long known as Williams's Ferry. Martin II. McCreery is one of the oldest settlers of this township, and, in fact, of White County, having come here with his parents as early as 1811. A more extended account is given in the history of Grayville. This was also the home of the McIIenrys, Joneses, Lawlers, McCowns, Kuykendalls and Chisms; the elder ones bearing their names have passed away, and their survivors should feel proud of their ancestors, for a more noble lot of men never settled in the county. The Cairo & Vincennes Road runs through this township; also the Louisville & Nashville Railroad.

Like most of our Western countries in pioneer times, the Indians were numerous and sometimes very troublesome. Mr. Richard Davis, one of the early settlers, was riding along a bridle path when he was fired upon by some Indians and had his thigh broken by the shot; he,however, managed to remain on his horse and finally reached home. He lived a number of years after this and died in Gray Township; he will ever be remembered as one of the most prominent citizens of the county.

One of the numerous bear-killings of the township took place a few rods from where Janies R. Brown now lives, on section 25. A path was being cut through the brush, when a large 'and very fat bear was discovered. One of the party thought to kill it, and cut¬ ting a club went at the bear; but the bear being " the better man of the two," was getting the best of the fight, when the other men went to his assistance with their axes, and soon " bear bacon" was plenty in the neighborhood.

large buck one morning, with twelve points on each beam, or horn. The antlers were taken to Nashville, Tenn., by Government Agent G. W. McKinzie, and by him were gold gilded, and are now in his office. James R. Brown's name is engraved beneath the antlers. Another large pair, taken from a large deer killed by Mr. Brown, are in the office of Wolfin & Co., at Mt. Yernon, Ind. These are the largest antlers known in this part of the country.

Buffalo used to be abundant in this township, but are now ex¬ tinct; also tigers, catamounts, wild-cats, wolves and panthers, but all are killed off with the exception of now and then a wild-cat. Wild turkeys are abundant, though not so many are found as at an early day. Squirrels, though somewhat abundant, are not so plenti¬ ful as formerly; prairie chickens and pheasants used to be found, but are nearly all gone; in fact, all kinds of game are becoming scarce.

Fish used to be very plenty in the Wabash and Skillet Fork, and other streams around, but are becoming quite scarce, although a considerable many are still found in the Wabash. Mr. Brown has a very fine fish pond of about fifteen acres where fish are easily caught, and by calling on him a permit may be had to fish here. Mr. Brown lias been one of the best hunters in this township, fre¬ quently killing from four to nine deer in one day; from 6ix to fifteen turkeys was a fair night's work for this game. He once shot a deer and made six holes through his skin. Mr. Solomon Bryant killed two white deer in this township.

Mr. Brown has the largest and best pecan orchard in White County, there being about 200 bearing trees; hundreds of bushels are gathered nearly every year. Mr. Brown is now fencing this orchard.

Hawthorn Station was established by the Southeastern (now the Louisville & Nashville) Railroad. Seven acres was given to the road by J. R. Jones, now a resident of Carmi. In 1874 the road 6old the land to G. L. Hanna, Theophilus Parker, Matthew Land, Benjamin S. Land, J. M. Pomeroy, and S. B. Slocumb, who held the land for sale by lots; it never having been surveyed, they were sold by measurement. The portion north of the railroad was after¬ ward purchased by Theophilus Parker. This entire property has since been sold several times. The northern part is now owned by James M. Jackson. On the southern part are located one general store, one blacksmith shop and a half dozen dwelling-houses; also one practicing physician. Outside of this seven acres is a large flouring-mill, owned by Myerlioff and Kicking; they are doing a large amount of business. There is more wheat shipped at this station than any other on the line.

Mo Henry M. E. Church. - This church was organized as early as 1814, probably by Rev. Daniel McHenry. The commencement of the church was small, but its growth has been strong and vig¬ orous, now numbering about sixty members. Rev. Charles Slo¬ cum b has been pastor here, also Rev. Stuart, John Davis, John Fox, Robert Delap, James Hadley, Rev. Moorette, Rev. Phelps, James Massey, Thomas Files, James McCain, William McHenry, John Fox, James Johnson, James Walker, James Nawl, James Gibbs, James Miller, Albert Ransom, Rev. Joy, G. W. Scowthin, David Elam, C. J. T. Toole, Rev. Wieden, R. H. Monierre, J. A. Baird, and John Fields, the present pastor. A church edifice was built in 1870, 48 x 32 feet, costing about $2,000. There have been several revivals of great interest and many conversions and acces¬ sions to the church. Services are held every Sunday. There is a Sabbath-school of about forty scholars, with Henry Rudolph Superintendent. The present officers are : Henry Rudolph, Class Leader; Luther McHenry and Adolph Mohler, Stewards.

Big Prairie M. E. Church. - The first preaching place in this vicinity was at the residence of John Hanna, who was a native ot Pennsylvania, but came here from Kentucky in 1810. The first preaching was in 1812, by Rev. John Smith. The first itinerant Methodist preacher having charge was Rev. James Porter. This place then belonged to the Wabash district and was included in the Tennessee Conference; Peter Cartwright was Presiding Elder. In those days people went to church with gun and shot-pouch to defend themselves from the wild Indians that infested the country.

The following are the names of the pastors who have been in charge of this church : Rev. James Porter, one year; Rev. John C. Harbinson, one year; Daniel McHenry, two years; John Har¬ ris, one year; Charles Slocumb, one year; Thomas Davis, two years; Hackaliah Yrendenburg and Thomas Rice, one year; Josiah Pat¬ terson and William Smith, one year; C. Ruddle, two years; Charles Halady, one year; Thomas Davis, one year; Robert Delap, one year; James Hadley, one year; William Marity, one year; John Fox, one year; Thomas H. Files, two years; James Me Kean, one year; James W. Carban, one year; Jesse Walker, one year; John

Fox, one year; William Taylor, one year; R. Allen, one year; G. W. Stribling, one year; William Cummins, one year; John Shep¬ herd, one year; John Gilhara, one year; James H. Dickens, one year; Arthur Bradshaw, one year; Jacob E. Reed, two years; Eli¬ jah E. Gentry, two years; J. T. Johnson, one year; John Hill, one year; Grover and Foster, one year; Norman Alleji, one year; J. Y. Johnson, one year; A. B. Morrison, one year; David Williamson, one year; A. Ransom, two years; C. D. Lingenfelter, two years; John Leeper, one year; B. R. Pierce, three years; S. C. Walker, one year; H. Manifold, one year; C. Gibbs, two years; D. Elam, one year; L. M. King, three years; C. J. T. Pole, two years; R. H. Manier, two years; J. A. Baird, two years; John W. Field, the present pastor, three years. In 1816 the Missouri Conference was organized and this circuit was included in it.

At present the society numbers 110 members. It has had a good Sunday-school for about fourteen years; G. S. Allen is the present Superintendent. This is, indeed, a model church, the garden of White County.

African M. & Church. - This church was organized in 1879. Henry Broadie, Class-Leader, and Zenah Bell, Steward; George Hathman, Pastor. Mr. Hathinan remained one year, and was succeeded by George Benson, R. S. Denning and Rev. Hammond; the latter is the present pastor. James Parks is Class- Leader, and Harry Chism and George Black, Stewards There is a member¬ ship of twenty-one. There have been three revivals, with several conversions. A building has recently been bought for church pur¬ poses and moved upon a lot owned by the society.

1862. - Number of schools and districts, 4; male teachers, 3; female, 1; average number of pupils to each teacher, 25; number of persons in the township under twenty-one, 280; average length of schools, 6 months; teachers' monthly wages, $20 to $40; State fund, $350; township tax, $475; amount paid teachers, $828; total amount of funds received, $900; total expended, $853.

1882. - Number of males under twenty-one, 345; females, 355; total, 700; total number over six years of age, 519; number of un¬ graded schools, 11; number of months of school, 8l£; average number of months of school, 14; total number of pupils enrolled, 473 ; number between twelve and twenty-one unable to read and write, 18; number of male teachers, 11; female, 3; number of days' attendance in school, 54,569; number frame school-houses, 7; log; 4; highest monthly wages paid male teachers, $55; female, $50; lowest monthly wages paid to any male teacher, $30; female, $20; amount of district tax levied for support of schools, $2,710; esti¬ mated value of school property, $3,475; estimated value of school apparatus, $40; amount of bonded school debt, $110; income of township fund received during the year, $254.02; received from county superintendent, $675.51; incidental expenses of treasurers and trustees, $15.75; for publishing annual statement, $9.25; com¬ pensation of treasurers, $162.50; total amount received by town¬ ship treasurer during the year ending June 30, 1882, $4,699.81; total expenditures for the year, $3,494.93.

George L . Allen was born in White County, Ill., July 20, 1829. His father was a native of Kentucky, and came from Logan County, Ky., to what is now White County, over sixty years ago when quite young. He married Mrs. Elizabeth (Clark) McHenry, widow of George McHenry. George L. is next to the youngest of their seven children. He was reared and educated in this county. Feb. 9, 1853, he married Susan Clark, a native of White County, born June 20, 1835. They have two children - James Franklin, born Jan. 7, 1856, and Albert R., born Oct. 22, 1862. They are members of the Methodist church. He has held the office of Steward in that church. Politically he is a Republican; has held the office of Township Supervisor. He owns 120 acres of good land on section 29, Hawthorne Township. His father, W. B. Allen, was the first man in White County to have a corn-husking without a jug of whisky.

Leonard Blagg was born in White County, Ill., May 16, 1817. He is the third of six children. His father was a native of Vir¬ ginia. He has lived in this township all his life, within four miles of where he was born. He was married in 1837 to Mary Kulbrath, who died in 1842, leaving two children - David and Elizabeth, now the wife of W. H. Brown. In 1844 Mr. Blagg married Winnie Young, a native of Wayne County, Ill., born in 1823. They are the parents of five children - Nancy, Solomon, George, Newton and Leonard. Mr. Blagg resides on section 31, Hawthorne Township, and owns 200 acres of finely improved land. He never belonged to any political party or secret order.

Bev. John W. Held , pastor of the Big Prairie Methodist Epis¬ copal church, was born Nov. 8, 1839, in Massac County, Ill. His parents were John H. and Prithena (Stewart) Field, the former a native, of Indiana and the latter of Tennessee. Mr. Field was a farmer, and John W. was brought up on the farm, attending the common schools until the age of eighteen. At this time he com¬ menced teaching, an occupation which he followed, principally in Massac County, for nine yeare. In 1862 he enlisted in the One Hundred and Thirty-first Illinois Infantry, and served one year. In 1869 he entered the Methodist ministry, and since 1872 has been a member of the Southern Illinois Conference. His charges have been as follows: 1872- '4, Golconda and Eddyville; 1874-'5, El Dorado; 1875-,6, Elizabethtown; 1876-'8, Vienna; 1878-,9,

New Haven; Opdyke, 1879-' 80; Hawthorn, 1880-'82. Mr. Field was married in August, 1869, to Sarah A. Tiley, of Cincinnati. They have been blessed with two children - John Logan and Mary.

Grandchain Franks was born in White County, Ill., March 20, 1845. His father, Isaac Franks, was a native of Virginia, and came to White County in 1832 and settled near the Grand Chain, on the Big Wabash River, where he lived till his death, in 1870. His mother, Cynthia Ann (Patton) Franks, was reared in White County, and died in 1862, leaving four children - Grandchain, born in 1845; Lafayette, in 1850; Aaron, in 1854, and Mary Ann, born in 1856, and died Sept. 22, 1872. Grandchain was married Aug. 2, 1868, to Harriet J. Ezell, who was born in Posey County, Ind., in 1856. They had one child - Harriet Jane, born Sept. 18,1876. Mr. Franks has been in the employ of the St . Louis Division of the Louisville & Nashville R. R., as watchman on the bridge over the Wabash River, six years. Politically he is a Democrat. He has eighty acres of good land in Hawthorne Township.

William C. Gentry was born in Enfield Township, White Co., Ill., Dec. 22, 1859. His father, G. C. Gentry, is a native of Vir¬ ginia, and came to Illinois in the early part of 1857, settling in Enfield Township, White County. He lived in Decatur County Ind., a number of years previous to coming to Illinois. While in Indiana ho married Sarah I. Draper, a native of that State. Their children are Julia, William C. and Frances A. Both the girls are living at home. William C. is teaching the Big Prairie district school. He commenced teaching at the age of seventeen, and is now teaching his sixth session. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically he is a Republican.

H. S. Grahcvm was born in Gallatin County, Ill., Aug. 19, 1814. His father, James S. Graham, was a native of Virginia and came to Carmi in the fall of 1815. The first family in Carmi con¬ sisted of James S. Graham, his wife, Elizabeth Graham, and their son, R. S. His brother, Burnett, was the first child born in Carmi. His mother died, Feb. 11, 1817, the first death in Carmi, and his brother died shortly after. James S. Graham established the only ferry across the Little Wabash, at Carmi. He also built the first blacksmith's shop at Carmi, and built the first hotel. He died in June, 1822, and is buried on the shore of the Mississippi, be¬ tween Vicksburg and New Orleans. He had been flat-boating and had sold out and was returning home when he was taken sick and died. Mr. Graham well remembers when the vote was taken to admit Illinois into the Union as a State. He was married Dec. 10, 1834, to Mary Jane Blue, a native of Kentucky. They had two children, both died in infancy. His wife died in April, 1856. In 1857 he married Mahala Harman, a native of Tennessee. They had eight children - James S., Mary A., Mariah E., Mahala A., Virginia I., William R., Charles E. and Lillian O. James S. died at the age of twenty -five years, and Mary A., at the age of twenty. The others are living. He married his present wife, Mrs. Sarah Forbes, a native of White County, and a daughter of Jonathan Bradshaw. Her first husband was John Harvey. They started for California, via New York, and he died on the way. She proceeded to Sacramento, and in a few years married John Forbes, a na¬ tive of Maine. They moved to that State, near Bangor, and sub¬ sequently returned to White County, where he died of cerebro spinal menengitis. In 1839 Mr. Graham was elected Justice of the Peace, and served until 1852. He then resigned, and was elec¬ ted County Clerk, and served till 1866, during which time he served as School Commissioner of White County. In 1866 he commenced the mercantile business, which he continued till 1872, when he moved to his farm in Hawthorne Township, where he has since re¬ sided. He owns eighty acres on section 19, town 15, range 10. He has been Clerk of Hawthorne Township, six or eight years. He is a member of Carmi Lodge, No. 272, A. F. & A. M. He is the only member of the first Methodist class organized in Carmi in 1850. Politically he is a Democrat.

Oeorge L. Hanna was born in White County, Ill., Dec. 12, 1832. His father, William Hanna, was a native of Logan County, Ky., and came to White County with his father in 1810, and set¬ tled on section 28, Hawthorne Township. His father, John Hanna, was a native of Pennsylvania, and moved to Kentucky in an early day. He died in this county in 1823. William Hanna died in 1870. George L. was reared and educated in this county. He was married May 10, 1859, to Mary Hick, a native of New Haven, Gallatin Co., Ill., born June 4, 1840. They are the parents of five children - Fatima, born Dec. 29, 1860; Thomas, born April 10, 1863, and died Dec. 17, 1864; William, born Nov. 18, 1865, and died March 15, 1869; Harry, born Jan. 9, 1870, and Philip, born Sept. 16, 1873. Mr. Hanna and family, and all his father's fam¬ ily, are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically he is a Repbulican; cast his first vote for John C. Fremont* He owns 900 acres of fine land, under a good state of cultivation. He raises and deals largely in both stock and grain, which he ships on the L. & N. R. ft. from Hawthorn. Mr. Hanna's mother, Hellena Hanna, is living with her son, aged seventy-five years June 2, 1882. Mrs. Hanna's father, Thomas L. Hicks, was born in Eng¬ land in 1809. He died at Vincennes, Ind., in 1865, of cholera, while on his way home from Cincinnati, where he had been to buy a stock of goods. Her mother, Fatima (Bangor) Hicks, was born in Shawneetown, Ill., Aug. 22, 1817, and died in 1855.

Jam'ett Harris , farmer, was born in Virginia, Oct. 16, 1848, and lived there till he was nine years old. He then came to Gallatin County. Ill., and remained till 1874, when he came to White County, and lived on a farm in Emma Township a year. In 1875 he moved on Judge Bunnell's farm in Mill Shoals Township, and remained there four years. In 1881 he moved to M. land's farm, where he still lives. He was married May 14, 1875, to Lucinda (Bryan) Reid, widow of Cal. Reid, a native of White County; born in February, 1854. She had one son, Eddie Reid, born in 1872. Mr. and Mrs. Harris have one child - Clauda, born March 22, 1881. Politically he is a Democrat.

Arthur Harsha was born in Butler County, O., July 21, 1821. In 1836 he removed with his father to Indiana, and three years later to Missouri, where he remained till September, 1847, when he came to White County, where he has since resided, engaged in farming. He has 240 acres of good land on section 18, Hawthorne Township. He has a very fine, large brick house. He was mar¬ ried in 1848 to Mary A. E. Staley. They were the parents of six children, only four of whom are living. Mrs. Harsha died in 1866, and in September, 1868, Mr. Harsha married Mary Sheeler, who died in August, 1869. In December, 1870, he married Sarah W. Gray. They have no children. Mr. Harsha has held the offices of School Director, Treasurer and Trustee. Politically he is a Democrat. The family are members of the Methodist Epis¬ copal church.

Charles Hiclding was born in England, April 25, 1821, and came to America in 1848. He went first to Indiana and resided six months, then came to White County, Ill., where he has since resided on his farm, on section 6, Hawthorne Township. He owns 475 acres of fine land. He was married in 1847 to Anna Peacock. She died in August, 1872, leaving two children - James, born Jan. 4, 1857, and Ann, born in 1855. He was married a second time, to Dorcas Lucas, Jan. 3, 1873. They have one child - Lawrence.

He lias one step-daughter - Mary Sample, bom Jan. 13, 1868. Politically Mr. Hickling is a Democrat. He has held the office of Road Supervisor.

« James M. Jackson , of the firm of Parker & Jackson, Hawthorn Station, was born in Emma Township, this county, April 21, 1837. His father, Isaac Jackson, was also a native of this county, and died in 1812. His mother, Rhoda (Storms) Jackson, was a native of Kentucky, and died in 1877, aged about sixty-three years. James M. was the eldest of four children. He was reared and edu¬ cated in this county; followed farming till 1868, when he engaged in the mercantile business in Elm Grove four years, at the end of which time he sold out to Jarrett McCallister. He then engaged in farming again for ten years, when he formed a partnership with Theophilus Parker in the general mercantile business. He was married in 1858, to Margaret Nixon, and in 1865 they sepa¬ rated. They had one child - Claretta Alice. In 1866 he married Mrs. Lucy York. She died in the spring of 1868. Dec. 4, 1871, he married Martha M. Goodwin. They have live children - Ida, Lewellen, Patsev W., Logan B., and Florence, all living at home. He enlisted in Company C, Eighty-seventh Illinois Infantry, Aug. 3, 1862, and served thirty-five months, being mustered out July, 3, 1865. Tie was stationed at Memphis from February till May, 1863; was at the siege of Vicksburg, New Orleans, Red River campaign, Morganza Bend*, Miss., White River, then to Helena, Ark., where he remained till July, 1865, when he was sent to Springfield, Ill., and was mustered out. In his religious views he is a Methodist. Politically is a Republican. He has been a member of Carmi Lodge, No. |272, A. F. & A. M., for the last seventeen years. He owns 240 acres of good land on section 33, Emma Township.

G. G . Kuykendall was bora in White County, III, Jan. 16, 1846. His father, A. Kuykendall, was also born in White County, March 3, 1818, and died in 1SS1. His mother, Clara (Graham) Kuykendall, was a native of this county, born April 9, 1822, and died Dec. 26, 1S53. Mr. Kuykendall still lives on the old homestead. He owns 470 acres of good land, 430 acres in Hawthorne Township, and forty acres in Phillips Township. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically he is independent. He belongs to the Carmi Lodge, No. 272, A. F. & A. M.

Hi8Tort Of White County

George 27. Logan, farmer, was born in Emma Township, White Co., Ill., Sept. 4, 1855. His parents, Thomas R., and Lucy (Land) Logan, were also natives of White County. His mother's father, Lemuel Land, came to this county in 1809. Mr. Logan's father died in 1865, and his mother in 1866, leaving two children - George H. and Ella S., born in 1862. He was married March 27, 1879, to Margaret C. Williams, a native of Hawthorne Town¬ ship, born Aug. 7, 1856. They have two children - Ellen M., born Feb. 21, 1880, and Lucy A., Dec. 27, 1881. Politically Mr. Logan is a Republican.

Z. M. McHenry was born in White County, Ill., Jan. 8, 1846. His father, M. G. McHenry, was born in Henderson County, Ky., in 1808, and came to White County with his father in 1809, and resided here engaged in farming till his death, Oct. 7, 1875. He was married Nov. 16, 1831, to Lucinda B. Stokes (a native of Ten¬ nessee, born Nov. 24, 1808), by Rev. Charles Slocum, of the Meth¬ odist church. They had nine children, three of whom are living - John W., Luther M. and George M. The rest died when young, except Sarah H., who died at the age of seventeen. L. M. still resides on the place where he was born, his mother living with him. He was married May 1, 1872, to Laura Cook, daughter of Dr. Charles Cook, of Carmi, and a native of White County, born Aug. 12, 1853. They have four children - Lucy and Rosa (twins) born May 19, 1873; Lorrine, Feb. 9, 1875, and Martin, July 15, 1879. Mr. and Mrs. McHenry and Mr. McHenry's mother are all members of the Methodist Episcopal church. His father was a Class-Leader forty-four years. Mr. McHenry belongs to Carmi Lodge, No. 2,603, K. of H. He votes the Greenback ticket. He owns 200 acres of good land on section 8, Hawthorne Township. It is said that McHenry County, Ill., is named for Mr. McHenry's grandfather, William McHenry, who was State Senator in 1835, and died that year and was buried at the old State capital, Yanda lia. He was also Captain of a company of rangers to protect the whites from the Indians.

Henry W. Meyerhof, of the firm of Meyerhofi & Becking, pro¬ prietors of Hawthorn Mills, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, Feb. 8, 1849. His father, Henry Meyerhotf, was born in Ohio in 1828, and died in Cincinnati in 1849. His mother. Mary (Sbideman) Meyerhofi, was born in Germany in 1828. She is living in Metropolis, Ill. Henry was their only child. His mother was married a second time, to Frederick Bremer. They have seven children - Matilda, Louisa, Emma, Mena, Emily, Charles and Frank. Mr. Meyerhoff was married May 15, 1873, to Matilda Britez, a native of Evansville, Ind. They have three children - Matilda, Emma and Mena. He worked in the Evansville furniture factory six years, and in 1879 came to Hawthorn Sta¬ tion, and entered into partnership with Henry Becking in the mill¬ ing business, where he has since resided. He is a member of the Lutheran church. Politically he is a Republican.

Theophilus Parker, or the firm of Parker & Jackson, Hawthorn Station, was born in this township, or Big Prairie Township, Jan. 12, 1844, and is a son of Jacob T. Parker, who was a native of Ken¬ tucky, being the eldest of five children. He was married Dec. 1, 1867, to Laura Bailey, a native of White.County, born in 1846. They have six children - Charles I., Claud I., Flora M., Arthur G., May and Irene B., all at home. Mr. Parker commenced dealing in general merchandise in 1874, at his present place of business. He buys and ships all kinds of grain and stock, and is doing a good busi¬ ness. He is living on his farm of 360 acres of fine land, on section 27, Hawthorne Township. He has been Postmaster at Haw¬ thorn for the past six years. He is a member of Carmi Lodge, No. 272, A. F. & A. M. He served twelve months in the late war, in the Forty-eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, as private, and was discharged in August, 1862. In December, 1863, he en¬ listed in the Thirteenth Illinois Cavalry, as Sergeant, and was promoted to Captain of Company E. He was mustered out Sep¬ tember, 1865, at Springfield. While in the Forty-eighth Regi¬ ment he was in the battle of Shiloh; was wounded by a bursting shell. He was all through Kansas, and on the scout while in the Thirteenth Ca valry.

V. H. Parker, M . D., was born in White County, Feb. 19, 1853. His father, J. T. Parker, was a native of Kentucky, and came to this county in 1832, and settled on section 27, Hawthorne Town¬ ship, where he resided till 1875, when he removed to the village of Hawthorn, where he died March 22, 1880. His mother died in 1873. V. H. is next to the youngest of their five children. He commenced the study of medicine in 1873. In the years 1874-'76 he attended the Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia. He has been practicing medicine in Hawthorne Township since April 15, 1876. He was married Jan. 8, 1879, to Luella Evler,who was born in Richland County, Ill., May 4, 1861. They have no children .

W. F. Price was born in Posey County, Ind., April 21, 1853. In 1860 he came to White County and settled on the farm in Haw¬ thorne Township; remained there till 1868, when he bought the old Stewart farm, on section 19, where he now owns 190 acres of fine, well-improved land, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He was married Jan. 20, 1875, to Martha E. Randolph, a native ot White County, born April 6, 1875. They have no children living. Mr. Price was the youngest child and only son of a family of four children. His mother died in 1878. His father is still living. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and his wife of the Christian church. In his political views he is a Democrat. He has held the office of Township Trustee.

Oeorge R. Pumroy was born in White County, Ill., Jan. 25, 1843, and has always lived in Hawthorne Township. His father, J. M. Pumroy, was born in Kentucky, and came to Illinois when four years old. He has lived on the place where he still resides since 1814. George R. received his education in this county. Jan. 31, 1864, he married Hannah Hodkin, who was born near Phillipstown, White County, July 22, 1844. They are the parents of five children - Estella, born Dec. 1, 1866; Ernest, Sept. 18, 1871; Crat, Jan. 5, 1875; Paul Percy and Mary Jane (twins), Oct. 11, 1879. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and has held the office of Steward for ten years. In his political views he is a Republican. He has been Township Collector three terms, Justice of the Peace five years, and School Director a number of years, lie owns eighty acres of fine land on section 28, Hawthorne Town¬ ship.

W. A. Raglin was born in Gallatin County, Ill., Oct. 6, 1854. Ilis father, George Raglin, was born in Kentucky, and came to Illinois with his father when quite young. He died in 1856, in Cape Girardeau, Mo., and his mother in 1855. W. A. is their only child. He came to White County in 1856, where he has since resided. He was married Oct. 12, 1879, to N. E. Harsha, who was born in White County, April 1, 1854. They have oue child - George A., born Sept. 19, 1881. Mr. Raglin has eighty acres ot good land on section 7, Hawthorne Township. Politically he is a Democrat.

where he is engaged in farming. He was married Oct. 19, 1879, to Pheba Cleveland, a native of Illinois, born Dec. 25, 1859, and a danghter of Charles Cleveland. She is the fifth of nine children. Mr. and Mrs. Reed have two children - Harry Orlando, born Sept. 19, 1880, and James Harvey, born July 7, 1882. Mrs. Reed is a member of the Baptist church. Mr. Reed )s a member of Lodge No. 198, 1. O. O. F. Politically he is a Democrat.

Andrew Jackson RudoVph was born in Tennessee, June 18, 1818, and came to White County at the age of four years. His father, Jacob Rudolph, was born in North Carolina, and went to Tennessee when he became of age. He had married Rachel Law, who was born and reared in North Carolina. He came to Illinois, where he died. His wife had died four years previous, leaving five children. Andrew is the fourth child. He was married o Eliza Kuykendall in 1837. She was born in this county in 1819. Mrs. Rudolph died leaving three children - Jane, Alfred and Martha, now Mrs. Clark. Jan. 25, 1853, he married Margaret Kuyken¬ dall, who was born in New York in 1819. They have four chil¬ dren - James W., John L., Phoebe L. and Susan S. Mr. Rudolph has 200 acres of fine land, also three and one-half lots in Carmi. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically he is a Democrat

John M. Simpson , born in Todd County, Ky., Sept. 8, 1832, was a son of Benjamin and Lucinda Simpson, both natives of Ken¬ tucky, the father born about 1792, and the mother in 1794. They moved to Posey County, Ind., in 1838, settling near New Har¬ mony, where, four years later, in 1842, the father died, leaving a wife and five children - W. T., Jessie H., John M. , W. M. and Mary Ann. His mother died in 1855. John M. was married Nov. 6, 1856, to Levina H. Price, who was born in Posey County, Ind., Sept. 30, 1840. They have four children - Julia A., born Sept. 7. 1861, is now the wife of John Jacobs; Della M., born June 29, 1867; Lucy J., Feb. 2, 1870; Cora P., Nov. 21, 1877. One daugh¬ ter, Denva J., was born Jan. 11, 1863, and died May 13, 1869. Politically Mr. Simpson is a Democrat. He has been Commis¬ sioner of Highways and Constable and is now serving as Supervisor of Hawthorne Township. He is a member of the Methodist Epis¬ copal church. He is a member of Crossville Lodge, No. 184, A. O. U. W.; Carmi Lodge of I. O. O. F. and Carmi Lodge of A. F. & A. M. He has a fine farm on section 4, Hawthorne Township, and two houses and a blacksmithshop in Carmi. Mr. Simpson's father and mother, three brothers and a sister are buried in Posey County, Ind. Mr. Simpson en isted in the late war, August, 1862, in Com¬ pany K, Eighty-seventh Illinois Infantry. He was at the surrender of Vicksburg, Jacksonville, Wilson Hills, and was wounded by a minie ball in the shoulder. He was mustered out at Springfield, Ill., in 1865. He w*,s First Duty Sergeant of his company.

Thomas W. Slocum was born in Concord, White County, Ill., Nov. 19, 1834. His father, Stephen Slocum, was an ative of Ken¬ tucky, and came to this county in 1814 and settled in what is now Concord. He hauled the logs to build a log fort to fortify against the Indians. He was a life-long farmer; died at New Haven, Gal¬ latin County, at the age of seventy-five. His mother, Susan Beck, was born in Kentucky, Jan. 20, 1802, and came with her father's family to Illinois, and was married to Stephen Slocum in 1819. They were the parents of nine children, only three of whom are living - Mrs. Catherine R. Buness, living in Canada; George C., living in Whiting, Iowa, and Thomas W., now living in Hawthorne Town¬ ship, White County. He was married March 18, 1860, to Barthena A. Nevitt, who was born in White County, June 15, 1845, and died Sept. 24, 1872, leaving three children - John L.,born Dec. 9,1864; Martha V., Jan 17, 1867; and Lida L., Feb. 21, 1871. March 27, 1873, he married Emma Woods, a native of Mt. Vernon, Ind., born March 8, 1852. They have two children - Nellie C., born May 6, 1874, and Laura W., born March 27, 1881. He is a mem¬ ber of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically he is a Repub¬ lican; has voted twice for Lincoln and twice for Grant. He enlisted Aug. 2, 1862, in Company C, Eighty-seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and served till the close of the war. He was at the siege of Vicksburg.

Samud B. Small was born in Logan County, Ky., Feb. 8, 1844, and resided there till 1869, when he came to this county, where he has made his home till the present time. He purchased land on section 9, town 5, range 10, Hawthorne Township, and has 1454 Rcres under a good state of cultivation. Politically he is a Democrat of the Jackson school. He has been Justice of the Peace six years, and is also School Treasurer of town 5. He is a member of Carmi Lodge, No. 272, A. F. & A. M., and of the A. O. U. W. He was married July 30, 1871, to Bemetta E. Price, a native of Posey County, Ind. They are the parents of four chil¬ dren - Flora E., born June 8, 1872; Lucy E., July 14, 1874; John E., Aug. 8, 1878; Ethel M., May 4, 1881.

Henry Stuky} farmer, was born in Prussia in 1832, and came to America at the age of sixteen, going to Evansville, Ind., where he remained a few months, and then went to New Harmony, Ind., and lived with a Mr. Overton. When he was twenty-one years of age Mr. Overton died, but he continued to make the family's house his home for five or six years. He was married Nov. 4, 1858, to Martha Reaves, a native of Posey County, Ind., born Oct. 19, 1840. Of their six children five are living - Minnie* now Mrs. David Murphy, born Sept. 7, 1859; Mary E., now Mrs. James Jenkins, born Aug. 7, 1861; John M., born Feb. 11, 1863; Adda and Ida (twins), born Sept. 14, 1866 (Ida died April 29, 1881); Walter, bora Jan. 11, 1874. Mr. and Mrs. Stuky are members of the Regular Baptist church. Politically he is a Dem¬ ocrat. Mrs. Stuky's parents were both natives of Indiana, and died near New Harmony when she was quite young.

Wyatt Williams was born in Louisville, Ky., Feb. 10, 1830, and came with his father to this county when four years of age. His father, A. T. Williams, died in 1841. Mr. Williams was reared and educated in this county. Dec. 7, 1851, he married Rosanna Aman, a native of White County, born May 7, 1826. They have four children - Mary E., born July 31, 1854; Margaret

C. , Aug. 7, 1856; Sarah Jane, Jan. 10, 1859, and Elizabeth, Sept. 30, 1867. The family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically he is a Republican. He owns 390 acres of good, well-improved land, and lives on section 33, Hawthorne Township. He is engaged in stock-raising and general farming.

John C. Wilson was born two miles west of Carrai, White County, Ill., July 19, 1820. His father, William Wilson, was a native of Virginia and came to this county in 1810. He was Judge of the counties from the Ohio River to Vandalia, Fayette County, forty years. He died in 1849. John is the eldest of his six children. He was married iu 1840 to Mary Mears, a native of Tennessee, born July 4, 1823. They are the parents of seven chil¬ dren - Mary Ellen (Mrs. A. Chapman), born April 17, 1850; Susan

David Young was born in Miami County, Ohio, Feb. 11, 1833, where he lived till 1870 when he came to Carrai Township, White Co., Ill., and engaged in the nursery business, carrying on what was known as the Pleasant Hill Nursery. In 1875 he changed the name to the Carmi Nursery. He moved to Hawthorne Township in December, 1875. The firm name is N. H. Albaugli & Co. and is managed by Mr. Young. They raise and ship a great many trees. He was married in October, 1858, to Sarah D. Star, a native ot GreeneCounty, Ohio, born in 1834. They are the parents of seven children, six living - Josephine, Clara, David S., Noah C., Ivy M.r Frances Anna (deceased) and Maud Blanche. He is a Republican in his political views. He enlisted in Company D, Ninety-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in August, 1862, and served till the close of the war. He was with Sherman on his march to the sea and on to Washington; was taken prisoner by Kirby Smith in Kentucky but paroled the same day. Soon after enlisting he was in the fight at Chickamauga; then Mission Ridge, Lookout Mountain, White Oak, etc. After the fight at Mission Ridge he took a team and drove till the end of the war. He was mustered out at Columbus, Ohio.

This township lies in the southern portion of the county, ad¬ joining Gallatin, and is bounded on the north by Carmi, east by Emma, and on the west by Indian Creek. It comprises one and a half Congressional townships, or fifty-four square miles. In an agricultural point it ranks among the first in the county. It con¬ tains an intelligent class of agriculturists, who have made good improvements throughout the county. The Little Wabash River enters the township near the center of the north side, runs south nearly four miles, then makes its exit near the southeast corner of 6 south, 9 east.

Early Settlement

To whom the honor of first settling this township belongs is doubtful. Joseph Boone and Samuel Dagley came to the township about 1814. Samuel was the younger, and his father settled on sec¬ tion 11. Benjamin Spilman, father of Revs. B. F. and J. E. Spilman, settled on section 8, in the northern part of the township, about 1818, where he followed farming and made his home until 1833. Most of the old settlers were from Tennessee. There were: Colonel Hosea Pearce, Benjamin Latimer, the Bryants, O'Neills, Wieses, Leatherses and Baileys. There were also Samuel and Solo¬ mon L. Garrison, James M. Hart, A. Harris, George and B. Knight, all men of sterling integrity. To those who opened up and developed the resources of Herald's Prairie, the present and future generations will owe eternal gratitude. They suffered un¬ told privations and inconveniences, labored with unflagging energy and will, receiving only meager compensation for their toil, were far away from old home and friends, and with scarcely any means of communication with them. But they were encouraged and kept up with the hope of establishing comfortable homes for them¬ selves and their families, and with a noble ambition of conferring on posterity blessings which shall ever be a monument to their memory.

Like all pioneers in this country, the old settlers were very much harrassed by Indians; and many are the interesting anecdotes re¬ sted of dangers and narrow escapes. One quite remarkable case occurred. A boy named Hall was scalped, and the Indians sup¬ posed they had killed him. They were pursued and the scalp re¬ covered; and, strange to say, the boy recovered also. "Wild animals, too, were very troublesome. There were many deer, bear, turkey and squirrel hunts, and many humorous incidents occurred. A bear was killed one night by Samuel Dagley, and to keep the wolves away till morning the entrails were removed and placed to the bear's nose, and Mr. Bruin was placed on his feet, where he remained over night. In the morning a horse was taken to the place to transter the bear to Mr. Dagley's home, but became very much frightened. Mr. Dagley cut oft one paw, with which he scratched the horse's nose, and never after that could a collar be put upon the horse. The same man, in company with one of his neighbors, went squirrel hunting. The squirrels were driven through a lot of bushes, and sought refuge upon a large tree. Shooting commenced, and eighty squirrels were killed upon the tree.

Wolf-hunting was a necessity as well as a sport, as they destroyed so many sheep. Parties organized occasionally, and would drive them all out of the county, but in a short time they would return. In 1848 Mr. J. B. Dagley and his father went out to hunt turkeys one day, and during the trip discovered two black wolves sitting near by. Mr. Dagley fired, killing one instantly. The hounds chased the other some twenty miles away, and wolves have not been -seen in that locality since. Mr. Dagley is an old turkey hunter, going out frequently by moonlight and killing from eight to twelve in an evening. One night as he came in to supper he heard a gun, and thinking the shooting would drive the turkeys toward his house took his small rifle and went out to a large pecan tree, where he saw a turkey in the top. He fired and killed it. Another one lighted in the tree, and he fired from the same place ; this he continued until he had killed five turkeys; then he shot four more close by, making a total of nine turkeys in a few minutes. The man who fired and drove the turkeys into the tree did not succeed in killing any. He finally came up to Mr. Dagley, and said: " I want to see the man who shoots that little rifle, for I've heard a turkey fall at every shot;" he soon went home in disgust. Al¬ though Mr. Dagley is fifty-four years of age, and wealthy, too, he still enjoys hunting. Two years ago he took a pack of hounds with him to Arkansas, and brought home five bears which he had killed.

In 1864 Mr. Dagly went to Evansville and bought a portable saw-mill, the first one brought into the township. This he operated four years, then sold it and bought another, which he ran one and a half years.

The first murder committed in the township was by a man named Dobbs, who killed a Mr. Marsh. The famous Stewart murder also occurred in this township, a full account of which is given in Chap¬ ter VII.

James Hart is one of the old residents of Herald's Prairie, coming here in 1829. He was a volunteer in the Black Hawk war, and fought in the battle near Prairie du Chien, where the Indians took a lively departure.

The first couple married in this township were probably Samuel Dagley and Jane Webb, who were married at New Haven, which was then in White County, in 1816; and Rebecca Dagley is sup¬ posed to be the first child born. The children of Joseph Boone are supposed to be the first deaths.

Daniel McCarthy is the oldest school-teacher in the township. Has taught three generations, within forty-two years, in "White County, besides schools in the East and in Missouri. Col. J. M. Crebs and others of his age and station have been his pupils, as also the children and grandchildren of some of these.

Old Industries

George Bailey had a steam saw and grist mill on the Little Wa¬ bash, two miles above New Haven, which was built about 1840, when the New Haven mill was out of repair and not doing much. People came with grists to this mill fifteen to twenty miles. It stood until a few years ago.

Soon after the early settlement there were several distilleries started, one by John Gott, one by Richard Collard and one by Joseph Moore. These stills were operated during the winter for several years, and considerable whisky was made, which was used for corn-huskings, hunting, sickness, etc., but more as a general beverage. These were the days when there was no public tax to

There was once a distillery on the old Thomas farm, the grinding done by horse-power. Patrons would bring their two or three bushels of corn, transfer their horses from the wagon to the mill, help grind the grain, and return home with their modicum of meal or whisky.

Military

The following names were copied from a Muster Roll of the Eleventh Illinois Militia, which was organized about 1820, of which Samuel Dagley was Captain; Lewis Bailey, First Lieutenant; Neely Withrow, Second Lieutenant; Benjamin Latimer, First Sergeant; James Willis, Second Sergeant; James Bailey, Third Sergeant; Thomas Harper, Fourth Sergeant; Elijah Moore, First Corporal; Levi Broke, Second Corporal; Barnett Putnam, Third Corporal, and Wright Gregory, Fourth Corporal ; Squire Riley, George Bailey, Henry Bryant, James Bryant and William Bryant.

During the late war Herald's Prairie proved loyal to the core, and furnished many of her brave sons as a sacrifice to retain an undivided Union. Many of those who went to the front, after enduring years of untold hardships and danger, were permitted to return to their homes, where they are now living to enjoy the lib¬ erties they so nobly fought for. Many of them, however, went to return no more. They were pierced by shot and shell from musket and cannon, or died from cruelties inflicted upon them in prison pens to which they were consigned, - all for defending the best government ever made by man.

The township was named after a prairie which once existed within its borders, bu which is now covered either with farms or with trees, some of them two feet in diameter ; and the prairie took its name from a Tennessean named Herald, who settled here before the war of 1812, when not even a stick existed in sight as an evi¬ dence of the on-coming civilization. The early settlers subsequently had a mustering ground within this prairie, and among the officers participating in these musters was Captain Dagley. At one time the small-pox broke out most violently in the community, especially in the family o Mr. Herald, and they were kept in quarantine in this prairie three or four months. Neighbors would leave provis- ions and other necessities at a specified spot in the evening, and the next morning some attendant would convey them to the suf¬ fering family. Probably from the circumstance of this severe isolation was the prairie named. Herald afterward moved West.

Cumberland Presbyterian Church (Union Ridge Society). - This society was organized in 1822 by Rev. David Me Lin. Samuel Dagley and Moses Blazer were elected and ordained rnling Elders. Benjamin A. Latimer, an Elder from another congregation, was soon after received here. In 1843 the society was revived by Revs. Richard and Jesse Pearce. Henry S. Smith and N. M. Mitchell were elected and ordained ruling Elders. They were succeeded in 1848 by Daniel Bryant and Alfred Harris, and, in 1860, by Thom¬ son L. Boyd. This year J. B. Dagley was elected Deacon. In 1866 a church edifice was erected, 60 x 44 feet, at a cost of $2,000. There are now eighty-five communicants. The present pastor is R. M. Davis, of Gallatin County, who has served this people twenty-eight years. There is a Sabbath-school in connection with the church, in which there is an average attendance of thirty-five scholars. Rob¬ ert Grant is Superintendent. Present officers: R. M. Harris, Alfred Harris and G. B. Knight, Trustees; Alfred Harris, Clerk.