White County, Illinois - Biographical sketches, 1883 (part 5 of 11)

Enfield Cumberland Presbyterian Church . - This church was organized in June, 1819, by Rev. David W. McLin, only nine years after the organization of the C. P. church in the "old log house," Dixon County, Tenn. It was the first organization of the C.P. church in the State. The name of this organization was Hopewell, a name it retained until 1866, when, by consent of the Presbytery, it was changed to Enfield. The early records of the congregation are incomplete, but it is probable that the organi¬ zation was made at the house of Rev. James Miller, who then lived where John M. Jordan now resides. The meetings were held at the house of the minister for some years, and Mr. Miller was pastor of this church for about thirty years.

The number of deaths in the society from 1819 to 1864 was thirty-six; number of marriages from 1819 to 1857 was fortyeight; number of baptisms from 1819 to 1868 was 295.

The first church was probably built in 1823, and was made of logs. The spot where it stood is about one mile southeast of En¬ field, and is still visible. The building was small, not more than 20 x 24 feet. It had a door in the north end, a window in the south end, and a fireplace in the east side. In this humble place the congregation worshiped until 1831-'2; it was destroyed by fire. A new one was soon built of logs like the preceding. The loca¬ tion was changed, and the new house built a mile and a half south¬ west of Enfield, near where Patrick Dolan now lives. In 1849 this was torn down, and the location again changed. This time the house was erected one-half mile southeast of Enfield. This was principally the old one moved and repaired. In 1866, ten years after Enfield was laid out, the congregation decided to move to town, whereupon the present church edifice was erected.

Since the organization of the church, nearly sixty-three years ago, there have been fifteen ruling elders, 580 members, 3S6 bap¬ tisms. The present Pastor is Rev. E. T. Rowers; Elders, M. A. Miller, John Miller, P. A. Orr; Deacons, W. M. Gowdy, W. N. Jordan; Superintendent of Sabbath school, Prof. M. A. Montgom¬ ery; Secretary and Treasurer, Miss Harriet P. Miller. Mrs. W. M. Gowdy is President of the Woman's Missionary Society, and Miss Nettie Gowdy, Secretary. The present membership of the congre¬ gation is 247. Regular services are held every first and third Sab¬ baths at 11a. m. and 7 r. m. ; Sabbath-school every Sabbath at 9:30 a. m. ; prayer and teachers' meeting every Thursday night; woman's missionary meeting Monday night alter the first Sabbath in each month.

Methodist Episcopal Church. - This society was organized in 1859, in the yard of Samuel Kirk, about one mile northwest ot Enfield, by A. Ransom, preacher in charge. The following were among the members: Samuel Kirk and wife, Frederick Kirk and wife, William Garrison and wife. Preaching continued for some time at the residence of Samuel Kirk, and then at the residence of William Fields. In 1865 the present edifice was built, and was dedicated the same year. A. Ransom was the first Pastor, and he was succeeded by Revs. J. Deeper, C. D. Lingenfelter, R. K. Pierce, - Nesbit, S. C. Walker, - Baldridge, G. W. Wilson, Will¬ iam Whitaker, - Thrapp, G. W. Scotharn, J. J. Royer, - Manier, J. T. Pender, and S. Green. The last named is the present pastor. Number of communicants, 175. Regular services every alternate Sabbath; Sunday-school every Sabbath morning, at 9:30 o'clock; prayer-meeting every Wednesday night; teachers' meeting Tuesday night.

General Baptist Church was organized Feb. 1, 1882, by Elder J. E. Cox, with thirty members. Since the organization twenty mem¬ bers have been added. Present officers: Elder J. E. Cox, Pastor; Thomas Wood and Hiram Smith, Deacons; W. I. Smith, Clerk. A house of worship will soon be erected. The following are the names of the charter members: Elizabeth O'Neal, Sarah L. May¬ berry, Clayton McFaddin, Malinda Cummins, W. I. Smith, Malinda Upton, Margaret Parmeter, Alice O'Neal, George Nation, Fan¬ nie Wood, Robert Mayberry, Martha Murdick, Mrs. - Emerson, Mary J. Melton, H. T. Smith, Mary A. Smith, William 1. Smith, Elder J. E. Cox, Mary E. Cox, Dan Hargett, Katie Hargett, Malc lm McLean, Rebecca McLean, Elder William Wood, George W# Coombs, J. E. Langford, E. D. Wood, Henry Caldwell, Thomas

Enfield Christian Church was organized in 1868, with the fol¬ lowing named members: Jacob Flick, Elder; Elinor Flick, William Steele, Susanna Steele, Jesse Rose, Sarah Rose, Mary Rose, George Owen, Josiah Williams, Martha J. Williams, Alphoneo Hodge, George R. Frymire, Susan Frymire, Ilartsell Harriff, Celestia Harriff, David Harman, George W. Akers, Indiana Akers, James B. Nations, John B. Holmes, Samuel V. Williams, Mary A. Williams, Martha J. Williams, Elizabeth A. Williams, John R. Williams, Sarah A. Taylor, S. Frances Underwood, Ade¬ line Puff, Jacob Morlan, Martha J. Johnson, Almira Goodrich, Jerusha Underwood, Armilda C. Hosick, Rebecca J. Underwood, Martha A. Underwood, Margaret A. Garrison, Mary F. Baker, Naomi S. Morlan, Rebecca Courtney, Isora I. Morlan, Genetta I Lodge, Eleanor Hollister, Thomas Akers aud Tolliver Rice. The church edifice was built under the ministration of William II. ('row, who headed the subscription list with $200. Sabbath-school every Sabbath morning at 9:30; prayer-meeting every Wednesday night.

This society was established March 4, 1865, by R. S. Graham, a Past Grand of Oarnii. The charter members were: Geo. N. Johnson, J. D. Underwood, Mark A. Miller. Dr. Thomas Long was the first Noble Grand; he was Past Grand when he came from England in 1840. The first Secretary was George N. John¬ son. The l"dge meets every Saturday night. Present member¬ ship, forty-seven. Present officers: Felix Long, Noble Grand, William M. Kirk, Vico Grand; J. T. Vaught, Recording Secre¬ tary; Thomas Long, Permanent Secretary; William M. Gowdy, Treasurer; A. C. Mitchell, Sitting Past Grand.

Encampment No. 58

organized Oct. 10, 1865. The following were the charter mem¬ bers: Jonah Morlan, Thomas Long, Mark A. Miller, Win. M. Gowdy, G. A. Willis, T. U. Willis and Thomas Marcus.

Ex Fi Eld Postoffice

stands, and named Seven Mile Prairie. The first Postmaster was Edmond Hawthorn, and he was succeeded by Leander W. McKnight. In 1853 the office was changed to Enfield, Dr. Mar¬ tin Johnson, Postmaster. lie was succeeded by Felix H. Willis, Captain John M. Wilson and M. Orr. J. B. Odell is the present incumbent.

West Union

This town was laid out in 1863 by John Parkhurst and Benjamin F. Brockett, who built a saw-mill and corn-cracker, and, in 1865, added a grist-mill. The mills are now owned by Steele, Taylor & Allen, who make custom and merchant flour. Mr. Brockett is in Kansas. Mr. Parkhurst still lives in the village. He was born in Smith County, Tenn., March 29, 1814, and came to this county in 1821, where he lias since resided. In 1838 he married Martha King, and they have three living children - Emily F., William and John. Charles Monroe died at Vicksburg, while in the late war; Mary died in 1873, aged 26 years. Mr. Parkhurst has been a machinist all his life; is also a carpenter.

Six families now reside at West Union. There is one saw and flour mill, one store and a blacksmith shop. The town is fre¬ quently called Parkhurstville.

John N. Anderson , section 7, Enfield Township, was born on this section Nov. 4, 1834. He is a son of Henry P. Anderson, n native of Sumner County, Tenn., who came to this county in an early day and settled where his son now lives. lie was a black¬ smith, and died here Jan. 15, 1849. John N. received his edu¬ cation in the early log-cabin schools. lie was mirried Nov. 8, 1857, to Pauline E., daughter of Samuel Kirk (deceased). They are the parents of three children, two living - Samuel J. and Fannie J. James N. died Feb. 8, 1882, aged twenty-two years. Mr. Anderson has served as Highway Commissioner two terms. All the family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Benjamin Austin, born in Warren County, Tenn., Dec. 6, 1816, is a son of Elisha Austin, a native of North Carolina. When a small boy his parents moved to Kentucky. In March, 1830, he came to Shawneetown, Ill., in 1831 to Shelby County and in

March, 1833, to White County. He saw the stars fall that year, when returning from acorn shucking. He was raised on a farm, and received a very limited education, always being obliged to work hard. He was married in February, 1837, to Lucinda, daugh¬ ter of William Emerson, deceased. To them have been born nine children, only two now living - Benjamin F. and Sarah J. One on, Alex, was shot by accident in Kansas, in January, 1877, and left a family. A son, Jesse, and a daughter, Mary E. (Mrs. Matsel),both died with small-pox in the same house in March, 1877. Mrs. Austin died in 1856, and he married Susanna Kello. They are the parents of eleven children, ten living - Emily A., Elisha, Mary E., Isaac, Elijah, Angeline, Minnie, Josephine, Dolly and William. Mr. Austin is a member of the Christian church. He owns 400 acres and is engaged in farming and stockraising. He acquired his property by his own labor, as a two-year heifer and a two-year old billy was all he had to begin life with.

William II. Baird was born in DeKalb County, Jnd., April 3, 1851. Ilia father, Lorenzo Baird, was a native of Castleton, Vt., and came to Ohio when sixteen, and in 1850 to Indiana. When William II. was sixteen he learned the carpenter's trade, and has worked at that and contracting almost constantly to the present tim e. He came to this county in 1870, and worked at his trade till 1878, when he established a lumber yard and does a large busi¬ ness there in connection with the other. He built the first and only brick business house in Enfield, in 1882, the property of P. C. Kuykendall. He was married in the fall of 1872 to Mary J., daughter of James Hawthorn, of this township. They are the parents of three children, only one living - Bertha. Harry and Bessie are deceased, lie was a member of the Town Council two terms and Township Collector one year. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Belongs to the Masonic Fraternity.

Alfred Baker, M. D ., born in Owen County, Ind., July 10, 1826, is a son of William Baker, a native of Mason County, Ky., who moved to Indiana in an early day and was Captain of a com¬ pany of rangers for protection from Indians. Both parents died when small, and Alfred went to Kentucky and was educated there, lie started with a company for Texas in 1846, by boat via New Or¬ leans; thence up Red River to Shreveport, La., where the citi¬ zens were dying at the rate of seven or eight a day, of measles, and they returned. Alfred took the measles on the way back and was left in the St. Louis hospital five weeks; then went to Jefferson

County, Ill., part of the way on foot. He ran out of money, his feet were sore and bleeding, and wrapped in his old shirts he lay down to die at the house of one Welch, who saw him writing, and at once proposed to get him a school, which he did. lie had a subscription school and was paid $2.50 a pupil for three months, half cash and half in produce or young cattle. He taught in that county about two years, and then went to Marion, Ill., and read medicine with I)r. Thus. M. Sams. He attended medical college at Evansville, Ind.,and in 1851 came to Entield, where he has built up a large practice. He was married in July, 1851, to Sarah J., daughter of Dr. M. Johnson. Of their four children, only one is living - E. Alice, now Mrs. Goddard. One daughter, Mary F. (Mrs. Oldham), died at about the age of twenty-three. She was an intelligent and able writer; wrote for the Christian Monitor of Indianapolis. Dr. Baker belongs to the Christian church. He is a member of the I. O. O. F.

Stewart Ben ham was born in Harrison County, Ind., April 25, 1820. His father, Joseph Benham, of Massachusetts, settled in Indiana in 1819, and died in 1832. Stewart was educated in the log-cabin subscription school, lie came to this county in 1854 and settled in Enfield Township, where he has been engaged in farming. He also had a flour and saw mill at Enfield a few years. He owns 240 acres of fine land. He was married Aug. S, 1847, to Mary Jenkins. They have had eight children, six living - Lu¬ ther, Julius, Anna B., Reuben, Mark and George. One daughter, Joanna, died at the age of nineteen years. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. In 18S2 he visited the scenes of his childhood and drank from the same old spring. He brought home three apples from a tree (the only one living) that he helped his father plant in about the year 1825; he helped by holding the tree while his father did the work.

William II. Berry was born in Enfield Township, Dec. 14, 1841. His father, Joel Berry, was an early settler in this county. He en¬ listed in the late war in Company C, Fortieth Illinois Infantry, and served four years. He was in the battles of Pittsburg Landing, Mission Ridge, siege of Atlanta, and Shermams march to the sea. He was wounded at Mission Ridge. He was married Nov. 25, 1865, to Mary Underwood. They are the parents of five children, three living - Minnie L., Georgia D., and Anna E. One daugh¬ ter, Laura, died at the age of ten years. He is a member of the Christian church at Enfield.

Rev . Erastua T. Bower 8, pastor of Enfield Cumberland Presby¬ terian church, Enfield, was born in Clifton, Madison Co., Ill., Jan. 29, 1847. His father, E. Marion Bowers, was a native of Tennes¬ see, and came with his parents to White County when twelve years old, and settled in Enfield Township, then known as the seven mile prairie. When sixteen he left home and cut wood on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. In 1849 he went to California, and Erastus and his mother went to Hamilton County, to his grandfather's, and remained till his return in 1851. In the fall ot 1851 the family moved to Champaign County, Ill., and in 1852 re¬ turned to Hamilton County, his mother having died that year. He enlisted in the late war in Company G, Fifty-seventh Illinois In¬ fantry,. and served two years. He was the youngest in the regi¬ ment, not being seventeen years old when he enlisted. He was in the battles of Chattanooga, Mission Ridge, second Resaca, Salkehatchie, siege of Savannah, etc. He was educated by private in¬ struction, and atHoodville, Ill. He was married Sept. 12, 1867, to Nancy Boyd. Of their seven children but three are living - Charles A., Lulu and George McAllan. One son, Willy M., died at the age of nine years. He joined the Methodist church, South, in Hamilton County, in 1868, and began preaching in 1872, as a local preacher. In the spring of 1877 he joined the Cumberland Presbyterian church, and continued preaching for them. In April, 1881, he located in Enfield, where he is pastor of the latter denom¬ ination. He has taught school twelve years during the winter, and part of the time by private instruction during the summer.

Michael S. Brockett , son of William B. Brockett (deceased), a native of Louisiana, who moved to this county with his parents in 1828, and afterward to Effingham County, Ill., was born in the latter county, March 31, 1839. He came with his parents to this county in 1846, and spent his boyhood on a farm. He enlisted in the late war in Company F, Fifty-sixth Illinois Infantry, and served nearly four years. He was in the battles of Corinth, Iuka, Black River Hill, Vicksburg, Atlanta, and was with Sherman on his march to the sea. March 28, 1865, 404 of the regiment took ship¬ ping on the United States steamer, General Lyon, at Wilmington, N. C. March 31 a cask of kerosene on the upper deck was broken during a tornado, and the fluid drenched every deck, and finally reached the furnace, when everything took tire. Of the entire 404 Mr. Brockett and two others - George Williams and Jasper Fitz¬ gerald - vere the only ones to escape. The former is supposed to be dead, and the latter is living in Saline County, III. Mr. Brockett jumped overboard with the expectation of drowning, but after swimming around for five hours, was picked up by another vessel. He was married Sept. 27, 1865, to Elizabeth E. Draper. They have seven children - Lola M., Laura E., Estella, Lizzie A., Jonah, Willard, and Mollie. Mr. Brockett was Assessor and Treasurer of this county four years, from 1865-'69, before the township organi¬ zation. He belongs to the I. O. O. F. He is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church, of Enfield.

William W. Brockett was born in Equality, Saline Co., Ill., Feb. 10, 1817. His father, Benjamin Brockett, was a native of South Carolina, and came to Illinois in a very early day, and to this county with his family in 1822. William W. was educated in the early subscription schools of this county. Ho was married March 9, 1841, to Matilda M. Bailey. They were the parents of six children, five of whom are living - George F., Martha, Oliver, Bowdoin and William M. Mrs. Brockett died in 1861. Mr. Brockett married Martha It. A. Turner. They have two chil¬ dren - Luella and Harry L. Mr. Brockett owns 280 acres of fine land, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He resides on section 36, Enfield Township. He is a member of the United Presbyterian church. George F. was in the late war, in Company I, Eighty-seventh Illinois Infantry, under Captain Benj. F. Brockett.

Marcus L. Brown , M. D ., was born in Memphis, Tenn., Aug. 18, 1838. His father, Dr. Marcus L. Brown, Sr., brought his fam¬ ily to this county in 1850, and settled where Brown's Station now is. He practiced medicine here about fifteen years. Marcus L., Jr., read medicine under his father, and was educated at Moore's Hill Academy, Ind. He enlisted in the late war in Company I, Eightyseventh Illinois Infantry, and was immediately detailed to the hos¬ pital of the regiment, where he was soon after appointed Warden, and was also acting Steward a greater part of the time. Here he had superior advantages for learning surgery. He also spent a few months in the McPherson Hospital, St. Louis, and a short time at the marine hospital, New Orleans. He was frequently sent with detachments of 6ick to different localities. Fourteen months of 1 867 - '68 hespentwith his brother, Samuel A. Brown, a prominent physician of Sharp County, Ark., where he commenced his first regular practice. In 1868 he came back to this county, and has built up a large practice, which lie has a firm hold of. He was taught to nurse and doctor the sick from his boyhood. In the last fourteen years he has only been ont of the county once, ex¬ cept as practice called him. He was married Oct. 24, 1861, to Be¬ linda, daughter of William Draper. They are the parents of eight children - Alice J., Mary E., Georgia E., William M., Robert J., Martha J., Samuel C., and Joseph O. Dr. Brown belongs to the Masonic fraternity. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Prof \ Jacob M. Chance , son of Samuel S. Chance, Clerk of the County Court of Marion County, was born in Salem, Marion Co., Ill., March 9, 1858, where he was reared and educated, grad¬ uating from the Salem High School in June, 1878. In 1881 he graduated from the Conservatory of Music, in Lincoln (Ill.) Uni¬ versity, receiving the degree of "Musical Bachelor." Iu August, 1881, he became connected with the Southern Illinois Academy at Enfield, as musical professor. He is a member of the Knights of Honor, and the Adelphi Musical Society at Jacksonville, Ill. He is also a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church at Salem.

Hon . Patrick Dolan , son of Michael Dolan (deceased), was born in Queen's County, Ireland, in 1815, and came to America in 1834, and lived in the States of New York and Connecticut three years. He was engineer in Niles's foundry, Cincinnati, two years, and in 1839 came to Shawneetown and was engineer in John Crenshaw's mill, on the Shawneetown & Equality Railroad, about six months; then went onto his farm in Enfield Township. In 1841 he returned to Cincinnati and engineered in the same foundry for three years, where he was crippled in the left hand, and returned to this county in 1844. In 1848 he went to Evansville, Ind., and built a large business block and engaged in the mercantile business a few years. He was a member of the City Council there three years. In 1851 lie returned to Enfield, where he has since resided. He kept a general store on his farm, two miles southwest of Enfield, for twelve years, and also carried on his farm. Mr. Dolan made the eulogiz¬ ing speech for the coming town of Enfield at the sale of lots of said village in 1853. He was elected to represent White County in the Illinois General Assembly in 1868, and again in 1872. Corron, from La Salle County, was speaker during his first term, and Gov¬ ernor Cullora during the second. He was the first Irishman and first Catholic to settle in this locality, and services were held in his house several years. He was married in 1835 to Maria Con¬ nelly. Of their ten children but four are living - Julia, Mary A.,

Milton /. Emerson was born in White County, April 4, 1839. His father, William H. Emerson, is a native of Carmi, White County, and also resides here. His grandfather, Reuben Emerson, was a pioneer of this county. Miltou I. is the eldest of four sons. He established a general store in West Union in October, 1882, buying the old stock of J. K. Montgomery, and adding a large supply of new goods. He has a fine store and competes with Carmi and Enfield prices in everything.

Christopher Fields , born in Enfield Township, Sept. 15, 1830, is a son of Thomas Fields, a native of Tennessee, who came to this county in 1814 or 1815, and was one of the company that followed the Indians when they murdered Mr. Morgan, in 1815. He was the one that found the place on Morgan's head where he was scalped. He died in 1842. Christopher was educated in the early log-cabin school of this township. He was married in 1850 to Nancy J. Hobson. To them have been born ten children, nine living - James T., William L., Sarah, Ellen, Mary, Rilda, Meoma, Rady and Hale. Mr. Fields is a member of the Methodist Epis¬ copal church. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity. His father was a soldier in the war of 1812, and also of the Black Hawk war.

William M. Fields , son of Jeremiah Fields, a native of Ten¬ nessee and an early settler of this county, was born in Enfield Township, Jan. 2, 1828, where he was reared and educated. He has always been a farmer and owns 175 acres of good land, on sec¬ tion 28. He was married in January, 1847, to Eliza J., daughter of William Groves. Of their eleven children but five are living - Jeremiah, Newton, Robert, Martha J. and Hattie. Mrs. Fields died and he married Hattie J. Orr. They have four children - Luella, Sallie May, Joanna and John. They are members of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Hiram S. Floyd , born in Kentucky, Nov. 30, 1830, is a son ot Isaac Floyd, a native of North Carolina, who brought his family to this county in 1845, where Hiram S. has since lived. He was married April 30, 1857, to Rebecca J. Deboard. To them have been born six children, four of whom are living - Susan L., Will¬ iam F., Minnie M. and Rola L. Mr. Floyd owns 220 acres ot good land, 120 of which is in Hamilton County, the county line passing through his farm, and is engaged in farming and stock-

Enfield Town 811 Ip

Archie O. Foster , born in Butler County, O., June 2, 1839, is a son of Archie Foster, a nativo of Virginia, who moved to Ohio in an early day. Archie G. was educated in the common schools of Decatur County, Ind., where his parents moved in 1848. He came to this county in 1863 and located in Enfield Township, and was engaged in farming till 1878, when he moved into Enfield, where he has since sold farm machinery and has a livery stable. He was married in 1860 to Louisa Talkington. They are the pa¬ rents of nine children, only six living - Andrew J., Joseph, John, Frank, Chauncy and Anna. He was Coroner of White County two years, Constable of Enfield Township eight years, and Deputy Sheriff four years.

Captain Samuel J. Foster , section 15, Enfield Township, was born in Butler County, O. , March 8, 1S33, and is a son of Archie Foster (deceased), a native of Virginia, He was reared and edu¬ cated in Decatur County, Ind. He taught school several years when a young man. He came to this township in 1860. He en¬ listed in the late war, in Company 1, First Illinois Cavalry, and served fifteen months, and was then appointed Captain of Com¬ pany G, Eighty-seventh Illinois Cavalry, and served nearly three years. He was in the battles of Belmont, Island No. 10, New Madrid*. Vicksburg, Pleasant Hill, and others. He was married in 1865 to Julia A. Boyer. They are the parents of seven chil¬ dren, six living - Minnie M., Rosa E., John C., Julia A., Mary and Margaret. Captain Foster has been Associate Judge of White County four years, and Supervisor of Enfield Township two terms. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity in good standing.

John M . Oarrett was born in Limestone County, Ala., Sept. 20, 1832. His father, John Garrett, moved with the family to Ten¬ nessee when they were small, and two years later to Kentucky. In 1844 they moved to Pope County, Ill. When John M. was sixteen years old he went to work on the Ohio River, and remained there till 1854, when he married Shaba Johnson, and went to farming near Paducah, Ky. They had three children, only one living - James M. Mrs. Garrett died in April, 1861. In September, 1S61, Mr. Garrett enlisted in Company A, Forty-eighth Illinois Infantry; was discharged in April, 1862, and the following December enlisted in Company A, Sixth Illinois Cavalry. He was on Greerson's raid when he rode 1,700 miles in sixteen days and nights, and had to fwim all the streams ; was in the siege of Fort Hudson forty-eight days and nights. Dec. 4, 1863, he was taken prisoner, and held till the close of the war ; was at Catawba prison four months, and then taken to Andersonville. While there he was vaccinated and poisoned by it, and the maggots got into his side by large quan¬ tities. He was so nearly starved that he had to crawl to the cars when leaving, as he could not walk. September, 1864, he was re¬ moved to Charleston, S. C. In September, 1865, he came to this county, and in April, 1866, he married Mrs. Jane Moreland, daugh¬ ter of Abel Burger. They are the parents of four children, two living - Edwin and Perry. In 1879 he established a grocery in Enfield ; also keeps tin, glass and queen's ware. He is a member of the Baptist church, and a radical temperance man. He is a mem¬ ber of the Andersonville Survivors' Association.

James H. Oowdy (formerly spelled Goudy) was born in this township Sept. 11, 1830. His father, William F. Gowdy, came here from Tennessee about 1820. James H. was reared on a farm and his educational advantages were limited. His father died when he was small, and he had very little schooling. He was obliged to work hard, and did most of his studying at home. He was mar¬ ried June 8, 1860, to Parthena Henson. Of their two children but one is living - Allie May. Mr. Gowdy has been Township School Treasurer most of the time for the past twenty years, and is the present incumbent. He was elected County Assessor and Treas¬ urer in November, 1857, and held the office two years. He has been Justice of the Peace since 1869, and a Notary Public for sev¬ eral years. He is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. He has been Trustee and actiug Secretary of Southern Illinois Academy, at Enfield, ever since its organization in 1873.

John H. Oowdy was born in Tennessee, June 18, 1803, and was a son of John C. He was reared and educated in his native State. He married, Sept. 9, 1827, Louisa, daughter of James Miller. They had nine children, seven still living - Mary A., Sarah A., William M., John M., James E., George G., and Isaline. Their daughter Caroline died at the age of twenty-six. Mr. J. H. Gowdy died Nov. 18, 1869. Mrs. Gowdy still resides in Enfield.

William M. Oowdy , born near the old union camp-ground of the Cumberland Presbyterian church, this township, Sept. 3, 1833, is a son of John H. Gowdy, a native of Tennessee, who came to this country as early as 1818, and while the Indians were yet here died. William M. was educated in the early subscription schools. When lie was nineteen he learned the saddler and harness maker's trade, and in the spring of 1855 he went to work for himself where Enfield now stands, only one family living here then (J. B. Holmes's). When he began he had three saddles, a few scraps of leather, some tools, and fifty cents in money. The first time he bought leather he went with a neighbor to Shawncetown in an ox wagon, and bought one side of leather, from which he made three saddles, and sold them all on credit: one to Mark A. Willis, one to Win. Fields, and the other to John A. Nation. He now has a large business, and carries a full stock of everything usually kept in a first-class har¬ ness-shop. He was married Nov. 6, 1856, to Adeliue Hunsiuger. Of their six children but four are living - Leora E., George 0., J. Frank and Carrie A. One son, Charles N., died at the age of eight years, and another, Wm. Oscar, died Oct. 5, 1881, aged seventeen. He was a fine scholar and musician, and penman. He was loved by all, and his death was a sad bereavement. Mr. Gowdy has been an Odd Fellow for twenty years, and has been a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church thiity years.

Josephs. Grant, born in Posey County, Ind., Dec. 25, 1825, is a son of Rowlet Grant, who died when his son was nine years old. Joseph R. was reared on a farm, and received a very limited edu¬ cation in the early subscription schools. He came to this county in 1854, and settled in the same house where ho now resides, on section 12, Enfield Township. He was married in 1850 to Sarah Noles. His wife died, leaving one child - Betsey A. He married a second time, Frances Ramsey. They have had seven children, five of whom are living - Martha J., Cynthia S., Rachel, Joseph R. and James R. He is a member of the general Baptist church.

James Hawthorn , born in Enfield Township, Jan. 3, 1826, is a son of Robert Hawthorn, a native of the South, who came to this county in 1815. His grandfather and granduncle, Robert and Jo¬ seph Hawthorn, were both soldiers in the Revolutionary war, and were among the pioneers of this county, where they died. His father was in the war of 1812; was in the battle of New Orleans. He died in 1852. James was educated at hard work in the woods and field. He was married Feb. 24, 1S48, to Mary A., daughter of Thomas Fields. They are the parents of eight children, six liv¬ ing - William, Mollie, Madaline, Jasper N., Celestia and Edward F. One son, John W., died in April, 1882, aged twenty-eight years. Mr. Hawthorn owns 220 acres of fine land, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He is a life long farmer. He is a

William D. Hunsinger was born in Burnt Prairie Township, White County, April 20, 1830. His father, Adam Hunsinger* was a native of North Carolina, but was brought by his parent8 when a small boy to Kentucky, on horse-back behind his mother* In 1819 he came to this county. William D. was educated in the early schools of this county. He was married in November, 1859* to Jane Ward, a native of Ohio. They are the parents of six children, only three living - Mary, Josie and Fannie. Mrs. Hun¬ singer died May 4, 1873 Mr. Hunsinger spent the seasons o* 1873 and 1874 in Colorado for his health. In 1875 he came to Enfield, and in 1876 built a fine residence adjoining the college grounds, and is educating his children. He s a member of the Missionary Baptist church.

Elias Jordan, , born in Pope County, Ill., Juno 15, 1812, is a son of William Jordan, a native of Tennessee, who settled in Pope County in an early day, and in the spring of 1813 came to this county, and located near Union City with his father-in-law, Walter McCoy. They were the first settlers in Indian Creek Township. His father was one of the rangers for protection against the Indians. During the time General Harrison had his headquarters at Equality, Gallatin County, his mother would cover the fire at night and take him (then two or three years old) and sleep in the woods by a log. She was alone with him and an infant when Brown was killed by an Indian at Enfield in 1815 His father cleared a farm, lie was always a hard worker. He was also a good hunter and made considerable money by hunting. They lived in a three-cornered round-log cabin, shed roof, one side of the lower part open and warmed by a fire on the outside, in front of the opening. Elias was reared in the woods and only went to school a short time, and that of the most primitive sort. He was married March 29, 1S32, to Lucinda 0., daughter of James Miller (deceased). They celebrated their golden wedding March 29, 1882, on the same ground where they were married. Three generations of their children were represented, one child and one grandchild being the only ones absent. They are the parents of ten children, eight living - R. Wesley, Mark T., William A., James N., Narcis S., Esther, John M. and Eliza E. Thomas M. and Samantha J. are deceased. He has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal church fifty-one years.

Enfield T0Wn8Hiv

Hark T. Jordan, commonly called Doc. Jordan, was born in Enfield Township March 1, 1835, and is a son of Elias Jordan. He was reared on a farm and educated in the log-cabin school house. He has always been a farmer till the last three years. He was married March 23, 1853, to Lucinda M., daughter of Petillo Anderson. They have seven children - Mary M., Nancy F., Adda J., James C.. Lora May, Lizzie and Dilla. Mr. Jordan was Constable five years. In 1879 he moved into Enfield and engaged in the livery business. He is a member of the Cumber¬ land Presbyterian church.

jff. W. Jordan was born in Enfield Township, White County, March 1, 1833. His parents were Elias and Lucinda (Miller) Jor¬ dan, old settlers of White County and residents in Enfield. They are both members of the church, he a Methodist and she a mem¬ ber of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. They had a family of six sons and three daughters. R. W. was the oldest. He re¬ mained on the farm with his parents until his marriage to Mary Hunsinger, March 20, 1856. She was born in Burnt Prairie Town¬ ship, July 12, 1832, and was a daughter of Adam and Mary (Vaught) Hunsinger. After Mr. and Mrs. Jordan were married they settled on a farm in Enfield Township, where they remained until 1869, when they purchased a farm of 240 acres, 100 lying in Hamilton County, and 140 in Enfield Township, White County. Mr. and Mrs. Jordan are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. They have had a family of nine children, seven now liv¬ ing - William M., born March 4, 1857, married Madaline Haw¬ thorn (they reside on their farm in Enfield Township); Martha, born Dec. 3, 1859, married Edward Fields, and resides in Bell City, Hamilton Co., Ill., where he owns a mill; Edward F., born Nov. 2, 1861; Alexander, born Nov. 8, 1863; Lizzie, born Nov. 14, 1865; Esther, born March 6, 1870; and Ezekiel, born Oct. 20, 1873. One son, Martin W., died in 1874, aged sixteen years. In politics Mr. Jordan is a supporter of the Greenback party.

j Frederick Kirk was born in Montgomery County, Tenn., June 19, 1831. His father, Samuel Kirk, came to this county with his family in 1848, where he resided till his death in 1882. Frederick was mostly self-educated, his only school advantages being the early schools of this county. He has served as Tax Collector one year, Constable ten or twelve years, and Deputy Sheriff two terms. He was married in January, 1852, to Sarah J., daughter of Henry P. Anderson, deceased. They are the parents of five children, four living - William M., Susan A., James H. and Sarah J. Mr. Kirk owns ninety-six acres of good land on section 8, Enfield Township, and is engaged in farming. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Perry C. Kuykendall , son of J acob Kuykendall (deceased), was born in Knox County, Ind., Nov. 15, 1840. He was educated in the common schools of Edwards County, Ill., where the family moved in 1848. He enlisted in the late war, in the Second Kansas Artillery, and served three years and four months. He was in the battles of Prairie Grove, Cane Hill, Honey Spring and others. He was Bugler one year and Sergeant one year. In 1886 he had a grocery store in Clay City, Ill., and in 1867 had a drug store, which he carried on three years. The next three years he dealt in fruit trees. In the spring of 1873 he came to Enfield and opened a grocery, at which he is still engaged. He keeps a full line of gro¬ ceries, also boots and shoes, tin and wooden ware, etc. In 1882 he built a brick block SO x 22 and two stories high, at a cost af $3,500; the first and only brick business block in Enfield. He was married Jan. 28, 1866, to Livonia Brock. She died in December, 1866. They had one child - Charles D. (deceased). In the fall of 1868 he married Nancy A. Traverse. They had one child - Perry B. Mrs. Kuykendall died Dec. 28, 1874. In 1876 he married Miranda Hall. They have had two children - Susie, and Clinton (deceased). Mr. Kuykendall is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. lie belongs to the Masonic fraternity.

Samuel C. Latham , M. Z)., born in Johnson County, Ill., Sept. 21, 1883, is a son of Carter Latham (deceased), of Tennessee, who emi¬ grated to Illinois in 1815. He was educated in Vienna, Ill., and read medicine in Williamson County for two years, under Dr. S. IIBundy, of Marion. In 1859 he located in El Dorado, and practiced till 1863; then attended the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Keokuk, Iowa, one term. He practiced three years longer in El Dorado, and then moved to Gallatin County and practiced till the fall of 1869, when he returned to the college in Keokuk, and graduated with high honors in the spring of 1870. He continued practicing in Gallatin County till the fall of 1874 and then came to Enfield, where he has built up a good practice. He was married Jan. 21, 1855, to Augusta J., daughter of E. J. Cash, of Williamson County. His second wife was Parthena Tarpley, daughter of Sampson M. Cowan, of Williamson County, to whom he was married Aug. 27, 1857. He married his third wife, Malinda, daughter of Bennet

Hammons, of Saline County, Dec. 29, 1864, and Sept. 18, 1873, he married his fourth wife, Mrs. Amanda Thomas, of Chicago, daugh¬ ter of Wylie Hammers. He is the father of nine children, only five living - Augusta E. J., Lorenzo D., Malinda R. A., Ella B. and Dora May. One son, Samuel C., died Jan. 24, 1875, aged fifteen years. He was the eldest son, and a very promising and intelligent boy, and bade fair to make a wise and useful man. The others died in infancy. Dr. Latham is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He belongs to the I. O. O. F.

William P. Males was born in Gibson County, Ind., Nov. 25, 1835. His father, Solomon Males, was bom in Knox County in 1792. William P. received a common-school education, and when twenty-five years of age learned the carpenter's trade, at which he worked twelve years. He enlisted in the late war in Company F, Eightieth Indiana Infantry; was in the battles of Nashville, Frank¬ lin, Tenn. , and others. He came to Enfield in 1870, and worked at his trade till September, 1879, when he went into the furniture and undertaking business with S. F. Tyner. They are doing a good business, and carry a full assortment in their line. He was married in 1860 to Louisa Whiting. Of their two children but one is living - Jesse. Mrs. Males died Oct. 14, 1864, and in 1867 he married Cecelia Davis. They are the parents of seven children, only four are living - Nancy, Laura, Martha and Mary. Mr. Males is serving his fifth year as Village Trustee. He belongs to the I. O. O. F. He is a member of the Presbyterian church.

George W. Miller was born in Enfield Township, Aug. 13, 1819. His father was a pioneer of White County, and settled here when the Indians were still here. George W. was educated in the prim¬ itive log-cabin schools. He has always lived here with the excep¬ tion of five years spent in Hamilton County, Ill. He was married March 2, 1854, to Mary Sterling. Of their three children but one is living - Sarah A. Mrs. Miller died April 17, 1859, and Nov. 20, 1861, he married Sophronia Byram. They have had six children, four living - Margery B., Harriet, Olive and Bessie. Mr* Miller owns 253 acres of fine land, and is engaged in farming and tock-raisingon section 83, Enfield Township.

Rev. John M. Miller was born in Enfield Township, Feb. 16, 1818; was a son of James Miller, a pioneer of this county. He was reared on a farm and educated in the Hillsboro (Ill.) Academy. He joined the Cumberland Presbyterian church in Enfield, Sept. 24, 1842 ; was licensed to preach March 29, 1844, and ordained March

28, 1846, and was pastor of the Enfield church till his death Feb. 28, 1881, aged sixty-three years and eleven days. He was a very useful and energetic man, and the church prospered greatly under his administration. He was a very enthusiastic temperance worker. He was beloved by all, not only of his own church denomination, but by others, and also those outside of any church. He was mar¬ ried April 15, 1846, to Ellen, daughter of Adam and Mary Hun- Binger, born in Kentucky in 1821, but brought here by her parents thesame year. Of their six children but four are living - John H., resides in McLeansboro, Ill.; Ella, now Mrs. Watkins, resides in Enfield; Adda, now Mrs. Wilcox, resides in Huron, D. T. ; and Anna M., resides with her mother. One son, Charles, died at the age of six years. All the family are members of the Cumber¬ land Presbyterian church.

John M. Miller was born March 27, 1828, in Hamilton County, Ill., and is a son of Robert Miller (deceased), a native of Georgia, who moved to Henderson County, Ky., when a boy, and to this county in 1816, having lived in Gallatin County one year near the fort. John M. was brought to this county when only two weeks old, and has always resided here. He was reared on a farm and educated in the early subscription schools. He was married Feb. 23, 1848, toTabitha, daughter of Morgan Wallace (deceased). They are the parents of eleven children, only five of whom are living - Melissa, now Mrs. Rice; Mary, now Mrs. Jordan ; Robert C., Olive and Emma. Alvin M. died June 2, 1877, aged twentyeight years; Charles W. died Sept. 14, 1874, in his twenty-first year; Alfred W. died Dec. 25, 1874, and John N., Dec. 26, 1874. Mr. Miller owns 280 acres of fine land, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He resides on section 16, Enfield Township. He is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church.

Mark A. Miller , born in Enfield Township, Feb. 21, 1820, is a son of James Miller, a native of Georgia, who came to this county in 1813 and settled among the Indians in the woods with his brother Peter and brother-in-law, James Mayes, on section 15, where he made a good farm. He worked very hard for a number of years. He married, Oct. 7, 1807, Jane Rutledge. Mark A. is the sixth of their eight children, but three of whom are living, he and two sisters, Mrs. Eliza A. Gowdy and Mrs. Lucinda C. Jor¬ dan, all are residents of Enfield. Mr. and Mrs. Jordan celebrated their golden wedding March 29, 1882. The eldest son, Robert O. Miller, was drowned Jan. 15, 1837, in the Little Wabash River, at

Leech'6 old mill, when attempting to cross on the ice. The second son, J. M. Miller, was a preacher in the Cumberland Presby¬ terian church of Enfield thirty-eight years. It was the first church of that denomination in Illinois, and he joined when a boy* He died Feb. 27, 1881. The youngest son died in 1850, aged twentyfour years. The father died Feb. 18, 1849, and the mother, March 10, 1846. Mark A. was married Dec. 27, 1S38, to Harriet L., daughter of Joel Rice (deceased), and a native of Murray County, Tenn., born Oct. 2, 1822. She came with her parents to this county in the spring of 1827 or 182S. Mr. and Mrs. Miller are the pa¬ rents of ten children, seven living - Mary E. (Mrs. Gowdy), Will¬ iam R., Elias Julia A. (Mrs. Pearce), Lucy C. (Mrs. Calley), Maria A. (Mrs. Lilliman), Harriet P. (Mrs. Newman). One son, Joseph A., was killed in the late war, in the battle of Vicksburg, while defending his country. Mr. Miller has been an Elder in the Cumberland Presbyterian church over forty years. He is a Republican in his political views, but although his township is largely Democratic, he is always elected when he runs for office, lie has been Supervisor of Enfield Township seven years.

Pet ilia \V. Miller , born in this township April 30, 1834, is a son of Robert M. and a brother of John M. Miller. He was educated in the old Hickory school-house of this township on section 21. He was married in the spring of 1855 to Susie J. Land. They are the parents of ten children, eight living - M.Anna B., Samuel M., Rutha E., Martin, Mary A., Edgar, Daniel, and Ida J. Mr. Miller owns 160 acres of fine land and resides on section 20, Enfield Township, where he is engaged in farming. He has been Town¬ ship Trustee for the past six years. He is a member of the Pres¬ byterian church.

Samuel B . Miller , son of Samuel D. Miller, was born in Indian Creek Township, this county, Oct. 24, 1843. Ho was educated in the common schools. He owns 120 acres on section 35, Enfield Township, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He has worked at the mason and plasterer's trade for the past ten years, farming during the summer. He was married March 7, 1872, to Matilda, daughter of Robert B. Orr. They are the parents of five children, four living - Annie, Thomas B., Mary and Edward Sankey. He is a member of the Presbyterian church at Sharon.

Samuel B. F . Miller , born in this township Jan. 30, 1826, is a eon of Robert Miller (deceased), a native of Georgia, who came to this county when a boy, in 1813, before Illinois was admitted into the Union. He was raised on a farm, and his educational advantages were limited. He was married Nov. 2, 1848, to Sarah L. Groves. To them were born eight children, seven now living - James A., Francis II., Alice A., Tolitha, Luther K., Douglas and George. March 17, 1866, Mrs. Miller died. He was mar¬ ried to Rebecca J., daughter of S. P. Story, Sept. 10, 1868. They have had four children, three now living - Perkins, Paul and Malachi. Mr. Miller is an Elder in the Presbyterian church. His mother lived to be seventy- five years old, and had about 300 chil¬ dren, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren. Her maiden name was Mary Mays. She came to this county with her uncle, Thomas Mays, when a girl, prior to 1815, when Illinois was still a Ter ritory.

William R. Miller , son of Mark A. Miller, was born Sept. 14, 1841, in this township. He was reared on a farm, and educated in the common schools of this district. He was married Feb. 14, 1862, to Esther, daughter of Adam Hunsinger (deceased), an early settler of Burnt Prairie Township, where his daughter was born. They are the parents of six children, five living - Luella, Emma, Jessie, Bertha, and Charles N. One daughter, Mary E., died at the age of eight years. Mr. Miller was School Trustee four years; has been Constable since the spring of 1877. He is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church.

Rev. Andrew S. Montgomery was born in Newberry County, S. C., June 16, 1822. His - father, Robert Montgomery, a native of Ireland, was brought to America by his parents when a child* Andrew S. was raised in Tennessee, and educated at Yiney Grove Academ}r, of Lincoln County, Tenn., and Erskine Theological Seminary, at Due West, Abbeville Co., S. C. He preached a short time in North Alabama, and then in Southern Indiana three years. He then went to Marshall County, Tenn., and worked in the Associate Reformed Presbyterian church four years. In De¬ cember, 1864, he came to White County, where he h<\s ever since resided on his present farm, and has rbeen pastor of the United Presbyterian church. He was married March 28, 184!*, to Lavinia J., daughter of Samuel Tate. Of their five children but two are living - Euphemia J. and John K. One daughter, Mary Etta, died in 1876, aged twenty-one years, and a son, Sylvester A., died in 1880, aged twenty-nine. He was a graduate of Indiana State University of Bloomington, Ind., and had been connected with the Grayville school four years; had been Principal two years.

He was a very successful and prominent^teacher of White County, and was beloved by all who knew him. Mrs. Montgomery died March 3, 1874. Mr. Montgomery married Mary M., daughter of Henry Taylor (deceased).

Prof. Mark A. Montgomery was born Aug. 24, 1854, in Dade County, Mo., and is a son of George W. Montgomery, now a resi¬ dent of Oakland, Ill. He spent most of his boyhood days on a farm. He was educated in Lincoln University, Lincoln, Ill., where he graduated with high honors, in 1877. He taught in an academy in Central Illinois three years. The last year of his course he taught in the university. In July, 1880, he came to Enfield and took charge of the Southern Illinois Academy. The whole curriculum of a college is taught here, consisting of a regu¬ lar classical course. There are five teachers besides himself.

Albert A. Newman was born in Carmi Township, Dec. 11, 1843. His father, Thomas Newman, was a native of Virginia, and came to this county while the Indians were yet here, when a boy, and died on the old homestead in 1879. Albert A. was reared on a farmland educated in the common schools. He enlisted in the late warm Company H, Fourteenth Illinois Cavalry. Hewasin the siege of Knoxville, Bean Station, Cumberland Gap, etc. ; on the way to Atlanta with Sherman; was on Stoneman's raid in Georgia, and was captured at Mulberry Creek, Ga., and taken to Andersonville, and kept four months, then taken to Charleston, S. C., and two weeks later to Florence, S. C., and kept three months; was then paroled on special exchange of sick. He weighed seventyeight pounds when he got home. His brother, George W., was in the same company, and taken prisoner at the same time. He starved to death in prison. Mr. Newman was married in March, 1866, to Sarah J. Secrest. They have two children - Joseph P. and Estella J. Mr. Newman located in Enfield in 1873. He be¬ longs to the I.O.O.F.

Joseph B. Odell was born in Wayne County, III., Jan. 6, 1852. His father, Joseph Odell, was a native of Spencer County, Ky., and came to Illinois in 1834, when he had to ride horseback twenty-one miles to mill. Joseph B. attended the Southern Illi¬ nois Academy, at Enfield. He taught falls and winters for seven years, four terms of which he taught in Enfield. In 1879 he en¬ gaged in the grocery business; two years later he was appointed Postmaster. In February, 1876, he married Louisa A. Morlan. They are the parents of three children, two living - Delbert C. and Alice. He is a member of the I.O.M. A.

j Robert B. Orr , born in Davidson County, Tenn., Oct. 15, 1816, is a son of Robert Orr (deceased), a native of Carolina, who drove cattle through the wilderness 600 miles into Tennessee, when a boy, with his brother-in-law, his parents having died when he was small. His grandfather was born in Ireland, and went to learn the weaver's trade, but fell out with his employer and ran away. His father whipped him and sent him back, but instead of going he went to the port and took shipping for America, and settled in the Carolinas, where his son Robert was born, about 1769. He had thirteen children, the only one now living being Robert B. He moved with his family to this county in 1821. Robert B. was reared on a farm, and educated in a log-cabin school-house, which was erected for use during the annual camp-meetings. He was married in February, 1841, to Tabitha A. Thomas. They were the parents of eight children, only five of whom are living - Pris¬ cilla J., Matilda M., Emma, Harriet E., and Margery C. Mrs. Orr died July 1, 1859. In February, 1860, Mr. Orr married Eliz¬ abeth A. Boleijack, sister ot James A. Bolerjack, of Indian Creek Township. They have one child - Florence E. He is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church.

Robert Franklin Orry born in Enfield Township, May 12,1830, is a son of William Orr (deceased), and a nephew of Robert B. Orr. His father came to this county in 1819, and in 1821 brought his family. Robert F. was educated in the early log-cabin sub¬ scription schoolof this township. He was married April 6, 1854, to Nancy Matsel. They are the parents of six children, four liv¬ ing - Martin L., Edna A., Olive J. and Mattie E. The family are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian church.

James M. Pearce was born near Roland, Indian Creek Town¬ ship, Aug. 27. 1847. His father, Moses J. Pearce (deceased), came to this county from South Carolina in an early day. James M. was reared on a farm, and received a common-school education. In 1861 he went to Gallatin County, and in 1869 to Shawneetown* where he was salesman and bookkeeper for George A. Ridgeway till 1873. He then went to Ridgway and remained a year. In 1874 he came to Enfield; was engaged in farming two years, and has been bookkeeper for William May. He was married Dec. 18, 1873, to Julia, daughter of Mark A. Miller. They are the parents of four children - Effie, Maggie, Edith, and Ruthella (deceased). Mr. Pearce is Treasurer of the village of Enfield. He belongs to

Toliver Rice was born in Enfield Township, May 31, 1838. His father, Joel Rice (deceased), was a native of Vermont, and came to this county with his parents when a boy. Toliver was educated in the subscription schools, and at the age of seventeen learned the blacksmith's trade, at which he worked till Sept. 18, 1882. He still owns the shop which is run by his partner, J. P. O'Neel. May 8, 1857, he married Eleanor Steele. They had fourteen chil¬ dren, seven of whom are living - William S., M. Viola, Julia I., Rozilla, Cornelia O., Charles JB. and Toliver Q. Mr. Rice was President of the Village Council one year, and has been a member of the board five or six terms. He belongs to the I. O. O. F. and A. F. & A. M. He is a member of the Christian church of En¬ field. Mr. Rice and his son, William S., are in partnership in the restaurant and grocery and confectionery store, and all doing well.

Mark M . Robinson , born in Enfield Township, July 31, 1853, is a son of Harrison Robinson (deceased), who wa3 born in Sliawneetown, and was an old settler of this county. Mark M. resided on a farm till fifteen years of age, since which time he has been at¬ tending school and teaching. He began teaching in his sixteenth year, and is now a very prominent teacher of this township. He has learned three professions, viz.: penmanship, teaching and med¬ icine. He graduated from the Kentucky School of Medicine at Louisville with highest honors in June, 1882 ; was awarded the honorary diplomas, one in microscopy and the other in chemistry He is now practicing medicine, and also teaching at No. 6, or Smith's school-house, but it is his last term. He intends leaving for Jackson, Miss., in the spring of 1883. He has bright pros¬ pects before him. He was a student of Dr. McLean for three years.

Captain Thomas Sheridan was bom in Phillips Township, White Co. Ill., Aug. 15, 1837. He received his education of his father, who was a teacher. His parents moved to Northwest Mis¬ souri in 1840, and back to this county in 1848. He enlisted in the late war and served about four years. From 1861-'62 he was in the United States Commissary department, and then joined Company K, Eighty-seventh Illinois Infantry. He went out as First Lieutenant and in 1864 was promoted to Captain. Sept 16, 1864, he was captured near the mouth of the Red River, and was kept a prisoner at Tyler till the close of the war. He was mar¬ ried Nov. 6, 1862, to Mary Butler of Phillips Township. They had three daughters, two living - Florence and Clara. Mrs. Sheri¬ dan died July 6, 1870. April 7, 1871, he married Mrs. Mary Moore, widow of Lieutenant Robert Moore, by whom she had five children - Mary A, Ed^arM., Flora, William S. and Robert J. Captain Sheridan came to Enfield in July, 1876, where he has since been proprietor of the Sheridan House. He is Police Magistrate, and has been Justice of the Peace many years, and has held other offices of trust. He is now Captain of Company G, Thirteenth Regiment, I. N. G. He belongs to the I. O. O. F. and I. O. G. T. ; is a very strong prohibition man. He is a mem¬ ber of the Protestant Methodist church. His father, James Sheri¬ dan, was born in County West Meath, Province of Leinster, Ireland, Nov. 6, 1802, and was a son of John Sheridan, of the same place. He came to America in 1821 and located in Edwards County, Ill., He was educated in London, England, and in 1827 began to teach. He taught in Illinois, Missouri and Indiana about thirty years. Some of the persons now living in the county, who attended his school are: James Fraser, Elisha Graham, Samue Stokes, and Slade Smith; others have moved from here, and many others are dead.

Rev. Benjamin C. Swan , son of Benjamin Swan (deceased), a native of Pennsylvania, was born in Preble County, O., Nov. 27, 1823. He graduated from Miami University, Oxford, O., in 1845; and from the New Albany Theological Seminary, Ind. (which has since been removed to Chicago), in 1849. He labored two years in Preble County, and in November, 1852, he moved to Carthage, Ill., where he preached for some time in an upper room, in which he organized the first Presbyterian church of Carthage, with eleven members, Jan. L, 1853. He was installed pastor of the church in 1855, and remained there till 1860, when he went to Shawneetown and supplied the church there till 1862. He was then ap¬ pointed Chaplain of the One-hundred and Thirty-first Regiment Illinois Infantry, and served till 1864. In 1864 he returned to Shawneetown. and was installed over the church there. In 1868 he came to the churches of Carmi, Sharon and Enfield, preaching at each place in one day, traveling on horseback. After two and a half years of this work he spent all his time in Carmi, where he had been installed pastor in August, 1870. In 1877 he came to Enfield and began supplying Enfield, Sharon and McLeansboro, in which he is still engaged. Mr. Swan is an energetic worker, and his labors have been crowned with success. He has labored very successfully outside of his congregations, especially in Shawneetown. He was married Nov. 19, 1850, to Mary C., daughter of John and Eliza (Young) Woolf. Their living children are - Mary C., now Mrs. Willis; Walter S., a young -.physician, and Augusta D.

William C. Watkins was born in Perry County, Ill., Dec. 17, 1850. He was the youngest of four children of Samuel Watkins, a native of White County, who was killed in the battle of Fort Donelson in the late war. He spent his early boyhood days on a farm. In 1863 he went to Wayne County and ran a huckster wagon till 1870. Then clerked in a dry-goods store in Pin Oak till 1874, when he went to Johnsonville and clerked till 1876. He then traveled one year in the Northwestern States and Territories, and returned to Johnsonville. In 1879 he came to Enfield and es¬ tablished a hardware store. He carries a general stock from nails to wagons, stoves, tinware, etc., and farm implements. He was married in 1878 to Ellen Miller. They have one child - Nellie. Mr. Watkins is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity.

James D. Welsh, son of William W. Welsh, was born in Decatur County, Ind., June 17, 1853. He was reared on a farm and re¬ ceived a common-school education. When a boy he learned the blacksmith's trade, and worked on railroad work seven years. He is now engaged in farming on section 11, Enfield Township. April 6, 1871, he married Nancy C., daughter of George W. Jamerson. They are the parents of three children, two living - William M. and Pleasant W. Their daughter, Annie May, died at the age of two years. He is a member of* the Methodist Episcopal church at Bethel.

Felix H. Willis , born near Golconda, Pope Co., Ill., is a son oi James E. (deceased), who moved into Kentucky when Felix H. was small, and a few years after came to this county. He was reared on a farm, but early learned the carpenter's trade, at which he worked more or less for several years. He commenced selling goods on his farm in Enfield Township in 1856, and in 1862 he re¬ moved to Enfield, where he kept a general store till 1874, when he sold to his sons, J. E. and R. C. Willis. He married Mary J. Miller, and has five children, four living - Gustavus A., James E., Robert C. and Benjamin L. Mrs. Willis died in 1874. Mr. Willis has been a member of the Presbyterian church for forty years. He was Postmaster ten years.

Gu8tavu8 A . Willis , son of Felix II. Willis, was born in this county, Sept. 9, 1839, where he was reared and received a com¬ mon-school education. He was married in September, 1858, to Eliza J. Nation. They are the parents of seven children, five liv¬ ing - Samuel H., Edward E., Minnie A., Ollie A. and Lizzie G. Mr. Willis is a farmer and has also worked at the carpenter's trade most of his life. He is Township School Trustee. Mr. and Mrs. Willis are both members of the Presbyterian church. Mr. Willis belongs to the I. O. O. F. and also the Encampment.

James E. Willis , son of Felix H. Willis, was born in Edwards County, Ill., Oct. 3, 1841, and came to this county with his pa¬ rents. He was educated at the State Normal School, Bloomington, Ill. He enlisted in 1861 in Company I, First Illinois Cavalry, and served a year, and in 1862 enlisted in Company F, Eighty-seventh Illinois Infantry. He enlisted as a private and was promoted early in 1863 to First Lieutenant of Company C, and soon after, for gallant service, to Captain of the same company, which posi¬ tion he filled to the close of the war. In 1867 he engaged in the mercantile business in Kicliview, Ill., and in 1868 came to Enfield, and went into partnership with his father and brother. In 1874 the brothers bought out their father, and still carry on the busi¬ ness. In 1869 Mr. Willis married Jennie, daughter of John Camp¬ bell, now of this township. They are the parents of four children, three living - Mary E., Clara A. and Felix H. He is a member of the Presbyterian church.

Captain JohnN. Wilson was born in Hamilton County, Ill., March 10, 1837. His father, James M. Wilson, a native of Ken¬ tucky, came to Hamilton County in 1818, with his father, John B. Wilson. John N.'s early life was spent on a farm, and was edu¬ cated in the primitive subscription schools. He enlisted as private in the late war, in Company H, Sixth Illinois Cavalry. He was promoted to Second and then to First Lieutenant, and commanded the company three months. He came to Enfield in 1865. He taught school several years, and was Postmaster, and kept a book and stationery store seven years. Nov. 18, 1860, he married Mar¬ gery A., daughter of John Boyer. They are the parents of eight children, only four living - Annie C., John H., Charles and Frank. Captain Wilson is serving his third term as Township Clerk. Hi3 grandfather, John B. Wilson, died in 1850, while on his way to Salt Lake City.

Since 1872, the date of township organization in this county, Gray Township has comprised the south half of Congressional townships 3 south, 10 and 11 east, and 14 west, being a strip three miles wide by about ten miles long, in the northeastern cor¬ ner of White County. The soil is a clayey loam, well adapted to all agricultural purposes, and the swamp lands therein contained are easily drained and converted into the most fertile fields. The township was originally covered with timber, most of which has been cleared away to give place to fine farms. The portion next to the Big Wabash is broken, and characterized by the most interest¬ ing geological deposits.

Prior to 1872 Grayville Precinct comprised a piece of territory almost square, in the northeastern part of White County, includ¬ ing a part of what is now Phillips Township, but extending no farther west than the Little Wabash.

The earliest residents of the township first settled in or near what was afterward Grayville, and their names appear mostly under a subsequent head. We will name here, in addition to those, George Webb, who lived at Bonpas, a point named after the creek; Joseph Spencer, Charles Naylor from England, Samuel Hallam, William Hallam (deceased), Zach Boultinghouse and James Frazier.

There are two small churches in the township - Cumberland Presbyterian and Methodist Episcopal - outside of Grayville. The latter is four miles west of town. R. E. Mathis is the present pastor.

Liberty Church ( Cumberland Presbyterian ). - This society used to meet at Union School-house, and is hence often called " Union Church." It was first organized Jan. 25, 1S55, under the minis¬ tration of Rev. William Finley, with only six members, of whom T. F. Crawford, of Crossville, is the only one now living. Of the 140 who have since joined this society, twenty-one have died, eight¬ een have been expelled, eight dismissed by letter, and others have moved away without letters, leaving now about sixty members.

The Ruling Elders, with the dates of their election, have been: Samuel Lay and T. F. Crawford, 1855; George Huggin6, 1862; James Potter and Milton Howell, 1864; Hosea Phelps, 1868; James Frazier, 1870; Thomas Curtis, 1873; R.W. Robinson, 1877; D. E. Lewis, 1881; and O. L. Baker, 1882. Of the above Messrs. Phelps and Potter have died, and Huggins, Howell, Robinson and Lewis have moved away. The present Elders are Messrs. Craw¬ ford, Frazier, Curtis and Baker.

Preaching the third Sunday of each month; Sunday-school kept up almost constantly, with an average attendance of about forty scholars. T. F. Crawford, Superintendent.

We compile the following from the county superintendent's re¬ port to show the progress made by schools in this township, includ¬ ing Grayville, during the past twenty-two years.

1882. - Number of males under twenty-one, 427; females, 430; total, 857; number over six years of age, 707; number between twelve and twenty-one unable to read and write, 3; number of un¬ graded schools, 5; graded, 1; total number of months of school, 34; average number of months, 5f; number of pupils enrolled, 563; number of male teachers, 7; female, 7; total days attendance of pupils, 42,995; number frame school-houses, 3; log, 3; brick, 2; highest monthly wages paid male teachers, $100; female $50; low¬ est monthly wages paid any male teacher, $30; female, $25; amount earned by male teachers during the year, $1,421.67; female, $1,630; amount of district tax levied for the support of schools, $4,105.06; estimated value of school property, $9,350; amount received by the township treasurer during the year, $4,751.58; expenditures during the year, $4,444.92.

Gray T0Wn8Hip

Here, on the beautiful hills, whence one can behold miles of the winding Wabash, and peer into two States and five counties; here on the hills where once a battle was fought in the obscure past between the whites and savages, and the soil made sacred by the blood spilt for the advance of civilization, is the beautiful and enterprising town of Gray ville situated.

This place is named after Janies Gray, one of the earliest set¬ tlers, who was born in Virginia, but came from Kentucky and platted the town about 1S26 or 1828. Subsequently a plat adjoining was named Florence, but by the act of the Legislature approved March 2, 1S39, the plat was added to the original town of Grayville, to be called the River addition. 51 Mr. Gray, whose name occurs several times elsewhere in this volume, owned a large tract of land in this vicinity, extending up into Wabash County. His brother, Thomas Gray, settled in Bon pas (pronounced bumpaw), called so after a creek which empties into the Wabash River, at the foot of Mill street, in Grayville. His settlement here was the first in this part of the country, his brother James then living at Carmi, where he had settled in 1816. Afterward the latter came and purchased a large tract of land about the mouth of the Bonpas, where was a better boat landing than any point on Thomas' land. Thus, James was more fortunate than his brother in starting a town and he was the first to erect a log cabin on the premises. The men who assisted him in building this house were James Thresh, La¬ ban Payne, Noah Davis and Mr. Hensley. The oldest point set¬ tled in Grayville was Oxford, a half mile below the railroad depot.

Jesse Coulter is another of the oldest living settlers of Gray¬ ville. He was horn in Delaware, Sept. 28, 1797. In*1828 he came here and entered 160 acres of land on the west side of what has since been Grayville. He was a carpenter the earlier part of his life and subsequently a farmer. He has been Assessor and mem¬ ber of the Town Council several terms. Before coming West he married Mary Hopkins, a native of Delaware ; four of their seven children are now living - John, Lydia (widow of Green B. Lind¬ say), James S. and David.

Thomas Mathews, born in Ireland in 1814, is one of the oldest and most respected residents of Grayville He came to White County in 1819, and ever since then has been prominently identified with the county's interests. He owns considerable property, and is en¬ joying a hale old age.

Those dilapidated buildings near the depot are not the most ancient in Grayville. Among the oldest houses here are these: One on the north side of North street, the second from Main, now used as a bakery. It is made of logs and weatherboarded. It was built by James Gray in 1835. Another, built by the same man about the same time, now stands next to Boord's drug store, on the west, and is now used as a saddler's shop. It is also made of logs, and was first used as a place for packing hogs. It has been moved from its original site. The oldest dwelling house is now Dr. Milliron's residence, corner of Main and Mill streets.

Organic

Jan. 26, 1839, a popular meeting was held at the residence of Dr. L. M. Wilson, when James Gray was elected President of the assembly, and Robert D. Walden, Clerk. After deliberation, a vote was taken, resulting in an unanimous declaration by seventeen citizens in favor of the incorporation of Grayville as a village, to be controlled by a Board of Trustees. Those seventeen voters were the following: Daniel Ganoung, John White, Robert Oliver, Thomas King, Alexander Clark, Samuel Lincon, Willian Rearden, James Fackney, Abel Vaughn, Eldridge Hussey, Caleb Butler, L. M. Wilson, Silas Smith, William Walker, Elliott Kerney, James Gray and R. D. Walden.

The first Trustees were elected in February, 1839, namely: James Gray, Elliott Kerney, John B. Blackford, Alexander Clark and L. M. Wilson. James Gray was chosen the first President, George W. Hoke the first Clerk, and Robert D. Walden, Treasurer.

Feb. 1, 1840. - John D. Blackford, T. J. Malone, Elliott Kerney, Alexander Clark and William L. Williams. Mr. Kerney was ap¬ pointed President, Mr. Walden, Treasurer, and Dudley Fuller, Clerk.

Feb. 1, 1841. - James Gray, President; John White, John A. Tate, Thomas J. Malone and William Rearden. W. W. Gray, Clerk. At this date the meetings of the council were ordered to be held in the house of Gray & Walden, the first Saturday of each month.

Feb. 7, 1844. - Silas Smith, John Butler, Thomas J. Malone, William Rearden and James Gray. Malone resigned subsequently, and Samuel C. Mills was appointed in his place.

1845, missing. May 8 of this year the following were found to be Trustees by the record: James Gray, President; John Butler, William Rearden, Samuel C. Mills and Silas Smith. During the year Daniel Bulkley was appointed in the place of Smith.

Town Council

By act of the Legislature of 1851 Grayville was to become an incorporated town May 5, that year, if the citizens on that day should vote for it; but it seems that they did not vote for it at that time; and March 4, 1855, an act was approved, incorporating the " town of Grayville, in the counties of White and Edwards," and granting the usual powers, duties and franchises of incorporated towns in this State. The act, if quoted in full, would cover twelve or fifteen pages of this work. According to the records of Gray¬ ville, however, it was chartered ras a town Feb. 15, 1855. This charter was amended March 18, 1865, by the addition of several special provisions. It provided for the election of a president and six members of the council, who should appoint a treasurer and a constable, the election to take place on the first Monday of June each year.

June 11, 1855, occurred the first meeting of the Town Council, consisting of James Stephenson, President; John L. Webster, George Gilbert, Abner Carey, John B. Jolly, John M. Caldwell and Samuel Annable; J. B. Hinde, Clerk, and H. A. Woodward, Treasurer.

The Streets Of Grayville

are about " square with the world," are neat and well kept, and, the earth being sandy and rolling, they are never muddy. Some of them are graveled. Their names, commencing at the wliarf^ are in order as follows: Water, Washington, Main, Middle, Court; and still proceeding west, south of North street, are Walnut, Col¬ lege, Hunting; north of North street are, after Court, First, Second, Third, etc. North street is the main business thoroughfare, and runs westward from the mouth of Bonpas Creek. North of this street, and parallel with it, are Mill, South (being the southern¬ most street in Edwards County), Spring, Walnut and Plum, Syca¬ more, Vine and Martin. Walnut and Plum we name together, as they are almost in line with each other; so with Vine and Martin. South of North street, and parallel with it, are Elizabeth, Com¬ merce and Pulaski, Butler. Next the river, and south of Pulaski, are Hamilton, High, Walnut, Sycamore, Bishop; and east of Water, in the extreme southeast portion of town, are Warren and Oxford, almost in line.

The Wabash Railroad track runs mainly on Washington street, while the Peoria, Decatur & Evansville track is two to three rods east of this, opposite the business portion of town.

Empire Mills . - These mills were first erected in 1855, by Abner Carey and Alexander Stewart, and were started into operation in September of that year, when Mr. F. M. Lanterman became a partner. The firm name was then Carey, Stewart & Lanterman until 1876, since which time it has been Lanterman & Stewart. The mill first started with four-run of stones, with a capacity of about 120 barrels of flour per day. Additions have been made of twenty feet on each side, making it now 84 x 50 feet; it is four stories high. There are at present five run of stones - three for wheat, one for middlings, and one for corn; two puri¬ fiers (Lacroix and Smith patents); two receiving scale hoppers with elevators and fans; apparatus for " patent-process " flour, and all the latest improvements necessary to the perfection of a flouring mill.

New York City, under the brands "Magnificent," "People's Favorite," "Rosedale," "Shakspeare," etc. These mills are the largest in this section of the State, and have a wider and better reputation than any other. For custom work, for example, farmers thirty to sixty miles distant often leave the mills in their own vicinity and drive by others to come to Grayville and patronize the "Empire." These mills run night and day, and business is constantly, steadily and permanently increasing on the hands ot the proprietors.

The "City (flouring) Mills," owned by J. T. Hill, used to do a flourishing business in Grayville, but they are discontinued. They had three run of burrs, and were chiefly devoted to the custom trade.

Blood c k Vaughrfa Saxo and Planing Mill . - This mill was first erected in 187S, by S. H. Blood and S. D. Blair, and it is situated at the foot of Elizabeth street. In 1880 Mr. Blair sold his interest to J. S. Vaughn, and Mr. Blood disposed of his share to his son, John M The saw-mill has been enlarged, the engine now used being fifty horse-power, and it averages about 10,000 feet per day. The saw is a double circular, and the mill is furnislied with all the equipments for manufacturing molding, lath, pickets, etc. Fifteen hands are employed in this mill. The planing-mill has also a fifty horse-power engine; was built in 1881, and its size is 80 x 44 feet. This mill employs five hands besides the umber haulers. Cost of this structure, about $2,000. The company ships to Chicago, Indianapolis, St. Louis, Peoria, etc. They have the largest lumber yard in Grayville, it being in two sections, one about the mill, and one on the hill, south of Carey & Son's. The mills run eleven hours a day, and aver¬ age five days a week.

In the place of the saw-mill there formerly was a warehouse, owned by Agniel Bros., for the storage of grain and tobacco, pre¬ paratory to shipment on the river; and in place of the planing-mill there was a grist-mill, owned by Jeremiah Routh, then by Clark & Orange, and finally by Hill & Orange. It was burned down in 1880, with no insurance.

Martin , Brissenden cfc Coh Saw and Planing M ill, at the foot of North street, was erected in 1874, by Wm. Gravett, now a resident of Oarmi. These mills are as extensive as those just described, and the manufacturers ship to points as distant as Wisconsin, Iowa, etc. Their material comprises both hard and soft wood, which they obtain mainly from Indiana. S. J. Orange is the third party in this firm.

A. Carey <£ Son , manufacturers of staves, heading, and all kinds of hard wood lumber, have their mill and factory at the junction of the railroads in the southeastern corner of the town. The manu¬ factory was erected in 1876. There are two engines, twenty and thirty horse-power, and the boilers are seventy-five to eighty horse¬ power. About fifty hands are employed. The saw-mill is in the upper story, and the stave and heading factory in the lower. There are also two large warehouses, steam dry-kilns, etc. The company have also recently purchased the large furniture manufactory across the way from their office, and built by Coulter & Negley. The mills run usually about eleven hours a day, ten months in a year; and their capacity is about 4,000,000 staves a year, with heading to match. The wood used is elm, hackberry, cotton-wood, sweet gum, soft maple and sycamore; and in the lumber business the company deal also in ash, poplar, oak and walnut. Shipments are made principally to St. Louis, Mo.

The building in which Carey & Son's office now is was originally a tobacco factory, belonging to J. W. Lawrence; and William Records operated it also a part of the time. Prior to its occupa¬ tion by the present company it had been unoccupied for a period.

Empire Stave and Heading Factory . - This is located on the banks of the Bonpas, about the foot of South street, on the county line; and hence their buildings and yards are scattered over a por¬ tion of three counties. It is owned and operated by Robert Glover, who manufactures staves, heading, wagon material, plow beams, hard and soft lumber, etc. The first building was erected by Mr. Glover in 1866, in which he employed eight hands, with a fourteen horse-power engine. In September, 1863, the mill was entirely destroyed by fire, with no insurance. Six weeks afterward Mr. Glover had rebuilt and was running again, and he has kept the mill running ever since. There are now two engines, of forty-eight horse-power each, and forty to seventy hands are employed. There are dry-kilns, sheds, and additional buildings. Capacity of the mills in hard lumber, about 10,000 feet a day. They run day and night, making about 30,000 staves a day, with heading to match. Patronage at points all over the country.

Mr. Glover has left the management of the business mostly with his two sons, George and William, and is commencing the manu¬ facture of hand-made brick on a large scale.

W. W. Gray's pork-packing establishment and warehouse is a large, composite structure in the southwestern corner of the village, on the bank of the river, standing as a huge monument of past business, when shipments were made by the river. It was erected in 1858 or 1859, and continued in use until three or four years ago. The size of the main building is 50 x 200 feet, two and three stories high, and the L is 50 x 50, two stories high. Hogs were slaughtered here, 8,000 to 10,000 a year, and lard ren¬ dered. In the summer and fall the building was used as a ware¬ house for grain.

TP. W. Gray' 8 Bank , on Mill street and at the northern extremity of Court street, was established in February, 1882, and is doing a prosperous business in all the usual channels of private banking. Harry Gray, Cashier.

In 1855 or 1856 the " Bank of Grayville" was started in this village by St. Louis parties, for whom Mr. Clark was Cashier. It was a bank of issue, but on the arrival of the great panic of 1857 it was honorably wound up. Mr. Clark, who, by the way, was a highly esteemed citizen, was also Cashier of the "Southern Illinois," kept about the same time and at the same place. It was also a bank of issue, and was closed in the autumn of 1857. Grayville remembers these banks with considerable grace, as the corporation got $2,600 or $2,800 tax out of them, which was used for building school-houses.

The " Grayville Banking Company'' recently started by William Gravett and John Pickering, has just closed, its business being assigned to J. B. Jolly. It was first kept where March's clothing store now is, and subsequently removed a few doors from that place. At first Mr. Gravett was President and Pickering, Cashier; but afterward it fell into the hands of Horace A. Woodward, who assigned to Mr. Jolly, Feb. 23, 1882.

Grayville Hotel , kept by M. P. Mitchell, is the princip al stop¬ ping place for travelers. It is situated on Elizabeth street, east of Main, and southeast of the business center of the village, and was purchased by the present proprietor in February, 1882, who opened it in March following and lias kept it running ever since. Tran¬ sient rates, $2 a day, but permanent boarders are welcomed. It has twenty-five rooms, and its locality is as eligible as auy point in the place, overlooking the Wabash for many miles.

Butler House. - This house was built many years ago, and has been occupied by various parties and for various purposes, among them Wood, Caves and Li6tenberger. Mr. H.O. Butler conducted it as a hotel from 1872 to the time of his death, Oct. 25, 1881, since which time his widow continues at the place, employing John Fertrnan as presiding landlord. The hotel can accommodate forty guests. It is located near the corner of North and Main streets.

Rigall Hotel , Mrs. Mary B. Kigali, proprietress. The building was first erected for a furniture house and other business prior to 1843 by James Hall, who is now in Albion. John Kigali kept a store in connection with the building from 1866 to the time of his death, about 1871, since which time his widow has kept the hotel. During the war Mrs. R. kept the Butler House. About forty guests can be entertained at this hotel. It is situated at the corner of Main and Mill streets.

The Stokes Infirmary is a medical institute on the north side of Elizabeth street, between Main and Middle. Patients are received here to be treated and boarded scientifically.

Navigation . - Steamboats have ascended the Wabash River to Grayville and points above from the first settlement of the country until 1880, when the P., D. & E. R. R. Co. built their bridge across the river two miles below.

Railroads. - Grayville is blest with two railroads, Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific, and the Peoria, Decatur & Evansville. For the history of the former, see Chapter X. The latter was commenced in February, 1881, and after a pause, was recommenced about the middle of April and rushed on to completion, without local aid. A branch runs to New Harmony.

Plank Road. - A plank road was commenced about 1850, lead¬ ing from Grayville to Albion, a distance of ten miles; but it was completed for a distance of only seven miles. This road did great service as long as it was kept in repair, but in about fifteen years it was suffered to go down. A toll-gate was established on it about a mile from Gray ville. Alvin Kenner, Simon Johnson, Charles Aguiel and others, of Grayville, were members of the plank-road company.

Science And Literature

Scientific Club . - This was organized in November, 1880, with a constitution and by-laws, and the election of the following offi¬ cers: E. A. Bryon, President; J. P. Davis, Vice-President and Corresponding Secretary. There were about a dozen members, and their object was original and comprehensive research in science, philosophy, literature and art. They sustained a free course of popular lectures during the two succeeding winters, securing the services of such men as Dr. O. A. Burgess, President of Butler University; Robert Allyn, Professor in the Southern Illinois Nor¬ mal at Carbondale; Dr. E. C. Hewitt, President of the Normal at Bloomington; Dr. McGlumphy, of Lincoln University; President Phillips, of McKendree College at Lebanon; Dr. H. C. DeMott, of the Wesleyan University at Bloomington, Ill.; Prof. Atwater, of the Indiana State University, and others. At the regular meetings of the association, papers and essays were read, and discussions engaged in by the members upon all the topics within the scope of their studies.

There are now ten active members, four associate members, and no honorary members. Some of these have very fine private col¬ lections in arclueology, geology, paleontology, entomology, etc.; we may mention Dr. R. N. G. Carter, T. J. Mathews, J. E. O. Clarke, as having collections in these departments of science.

Qrayville Literary Society . - This was organized in 1872-53, under Prof. James H. Brownlee, who is now professor of elocution in the Southern Illinois Normal, at Carbondale. Prof. Brownlee was President, W. II. Hall, Vice-President, and G. A. Staley, Sec¬ retary. The club comprised about twenty-five or thirty members, who met in the basement of the Christian church, and listened to readings, recitations, essays, discussions, etc. This club met two years, and was then discontinued, the last President being Mr. Staley, and Secretary, Ross M. Lanterman.

Grayville Literary Society (Popular). - This was organized in November, 1875, with a constitution and by-laws, and upon a more popular basis than the preceding. F. M. Lanterman was elected President, and Leslie Durley, Secretary. Their meetings were held in the basement of the Christian church, to which there was an admission fee of ten cents. The attendance was large, and great enthasiasm was manifested. This organization, however, existed bnt one season.

Bryant Literary Society . - A number ot young people assem¬ bled at Band Hall, Dec. 11, 1877, for the purpose of organizing a literary society. Thos. J. Mathews called to the chair, and W. W. Coulter appointed Secretary. A committee was appointed to draft by-laws and constitution, and on the evening of Dec. 18, 1877, a permanent organization was effected and the following officers were chosen for a term of six weeks: Prof. S. A. Montgomery, Pres. ; Miss Fannie E. Lanterman, Vice- Pres. ; Ross M. Lanterm n, Sec.; Clias. S. Carey, Treas.; Miss Laura Ellis, Chorister; J. L. O. Whitson, Sergt. at Arms. The exercises were orations, essays, declamations, readings, and debates. On Tuesday even¬ ing, June 25, 1878, the society held a memorial meeting in honor of William Cullen Bryant. This society had an average member¬ ship of about thirty-six members, and was characterized by the high order of its programmes, and frequently gave open meetings and entertainments, which were always well attended. The last meeting of the society was held Feb. 23, 1880., when it was dis¬ continued, after having made a good record, and prepared the way for a society calling for more original work and deeper study - the Gray ville Scientific Club - which shortly afterward took its place.

Philharmonic Club. - This was organized in November, 1SS0, by the adoption of a constitution and by-laws, and the election of the following officers: J. W. Elder, President; Dr. R. N. G. Carter, Musical Director; and Mrs. llallam, Pianist. W. W. Coulter was the principal active party in the organization of this club. The membership at first was fifteen, which afterward grew until it reached forty. The club is 6till active, with a membership of over twenty. At first they met in private houses, but for the past six months in the Opera House; meetings twice a month. During the last year they gave three public entertainments, one of which was rendering of the Cantata of Queen Esther. Present officers are: J. L. Strcever, Pres.; Miss Ida Morey, Vice-Pres. ; R. N. Lanter¬ man, Sec.; Mrs. R. II. Cook, Treas.; Dr. R. N. G. Carter, Mu¬ sical Director, and Mrs. llallam, Pianist. Miss Northrock has served as piano accompanist for a period. The society is now in a prosperous condition.