White County, Illinois - Biographical sketches, 1883 (part 1 of 11)

Biographical sketches

J. B. Allen , Police Judge of Carmi, was born in Lincoln County, Tenn., Jan. 12, 1820. He was a son of Henry Allen, a native of Maryland, and one of the first settlers of Fayetteville when it was in the woods. He was a natural mechanic, could make a fine pair of boots, any article of furniture, and as an architect he was un¬ excelled. He built many of the fine residences of that section of the country. In 1840 he moved to Arkansas and died there in 1841. J. B. remained with his father till his death; then took his mother and the younger children and went to Grenada, Miss., where he remained till the fall of 1847; then went to Memphis and worked at the carpenter's trade till February, 1850, when he became a citizeu of White County, and has resided here till the present time with the exception of the years 1852 to 1855, when he was a carpenter on the Memphis & Charleston Railroad; was contractor for building bridges, depots, etc., and did many jobs for parties along the way. He had twenty hands at work for him. He built a fine church and Masonic hall at Moscow, and some fine residences at Lagrange, Tenn. In 1855 he returned to Carmi and worked at farming till the breaking out of the Rebellion, Aug. 14, 1862, he enlisted in Company I, Eighty-seventh Illinois Infantry, and served his country within fourteen days of three years, being discharged at the close of the war. He never saw his family during all this time. He participated in the three days' fight at Wilson's Hill. In this engagement there were nine companies of the Eightyseventh Illinois and ten of a Louisiana regiment that stood and fought five regiments of Texans for two hours and fifteen minutes. Mr. Allen and thirteen men he had charge of were guarding a road and fought on their own hook. They were secreted by a rail and garden-paling fence. They did some handy shooting but not one of them was hit. He then went to the engagement at Marksville, then to Alexandria; here he had charge of a squad of men and was engaged in clearing roads and building bridges in advauce of the army. In a skirmish he had his horse shot from under him. After the war he returned to his farm in Carmi. In the fall of 1870 he was elected County Treasurer and Assessor. He filled his term of two years and then engaged in the lumber business. He sold his mill in about a year and resumed the carpenter's trade. After the organization of the township he was Township Assessor four years, and was then re-elected. He was City Marshal of Carmi twenty months. He bought an interest in the steamboat T. W. Stone, on the Little Wabash and was its Captain a year. In 1878 he was elected to the position of Police Judge. In 1879 he was re-elected for four years without any opposition. Mr. Allen was married Aug. 3, 1818, in Memphis, Tenn., to Sarah J., daughter of Dr. M. L. Brown. They have a family of one son and two daughters - Henry M., now thirty-one years of age and single; Mary and Mattie. Mattie is a school-teacher.

Michael Anderson was born in White County, May 20, 1S32. He was a 6on of John Anderson, who came to this county from Kentucky in 1828 and remained till hia death, which occurred Dec. 7, 1878. Mr. Anderson when nineteen years of age went to Mem¬ phis, Tenn., and learned the carpenter's and house-joiner's trade remaining about two years, when he returned to White County and engaged in the business of house-building, which he followed till Oct. 1, 1879, when he purchased the cabinet shop which he still owns, on Main street. He is the undertaker of Carmi, keeps all grades of wooden coffins and caskets. Aug. 11, 1S62, he enlisted in Company Q, Eighty -seventh Illinois Volunteers; served his country nearly three years; participated in the siege of Vicks¬ burg and siege of Jackson, Miss.; then was sent to the Gulf depart¬ ment and mounted and accompanied General Banks on his Red

River expedition. He was one of the Government's profitable sol¬ diers. He was never a hospital patient, nor taken prisoner, nor wounded. Mr. Anderson was married Nov. 12, 1856, to Ellen- Clark, daughter of B. J. Clark. They have two children - B. F. is twenty-four, clerks for Jones; Bertha is fourteen, and makes her father's house her home. He is an Odd Fellow. Mrs. E. N. An¬ derson, wife of Mr. Anderson, daughter of B. J. Clark, began the millinery business in Carmi in 1873, where she is still doing busi¬ ness on Main street.

Thomas S. Ary , proprietor of the Boss Livery Stable, is the old¬ est livery man in Carmi. He started in 1860 in a log stable with two stalls, and one horse he bought for $30. He has enlarged his stable from time to time until he now owns and runs one of the largest and most complete livery and sale stables in White County or Southern Illinois. The 6table is 100x50 feet, besides buggy sheds, making it 250 feet deep, and built on the latest improved plan. There are 100 stalls and it is on high, dry ground, and in fact the best located stable in Carmi. Mr. Ary has from twenty to twenty-five fine buggy and carriage horses, and also keeps a full line of buggies, carriages and phaetons; also owns a nice hearse. Mr. Ary takes pains to accommodate all his patrons and is prepared to do so. Thomas L. Ary was born in Carmi, White County, Nov. 14, 1839. His parents are John and Emily (Har¬ graves) Ary, natives of Kentucky and Virginia respectively. They were members of the Christian church. His father is still living in Carmi, in his seventy-fourth year. He was but ten years of age when he came with his pareuts to Carmi in 1819. Thomas Sw is the fourth of their nine children. He resided on a farm with his parents until fifteen years of age, when they came to Carmi, and he worked in his father's cooper shop; worked at his trade until 1860, when he commenced in the livery business. Mr. Ary mar¬ ried Miss Juliette Keister, in January, 1867. She was born in In¬ diana. Mr. and Mrs. Ary have two children - John and Rosa D. Mr. Ary is one of the Directors and largest stock-holders in the White County Fair Association, and also a stock-holder in the Normal School. lie owns besides his livery stable, two houses and lots in Carmi, and a farm of 160 acres in Mill Shoals Township,, and ten acresin Carmi Township. In politics he is a Republican and cast his first vote for A. Lincoln.

years of age. Her mother died in Germany when she was eleven years old. She bad four brothers and two sisters who grew to ma¬ turity. Her father staid near Philadelphia three years working on a farm, and she was in Philadelphia making artificial flowers and cigars. They then went to Chicago, HI., and remained there three years, Anna keeping house for her father. Her brothers and sister remained in Philadelphia. She went to Cairo, Memphis, Paducah, St. Louis, and in 1874 came to Carmi, where she has since resided. She has had a bakery and restaurant, and the past four years an ice-house also. In March, 1882, she added family groceries to her stock, and is doing a good business. She owns two houses and lots in Carmi. She was married March 5, 1865, to Samuel Bair, a native of Holmes County, O., born Aug. 1, 1843. He died Aug. 25, 1880. They were the parents of six children - Louis H., born Jan. 25, 1866; Charles E., Jan. 15, 1868; Lillie M., Jan. 23, 1870; Rudolph S., March 16, 1872; Adolph J., Jan. 12, 1875; August F.,Nov. 8, 1876. Mrs. Bair visited her brothers and sister in Philadelphia during the Centennial, and remained five weeks.

Magdalena Barth was bom in Germany, July 14, 1835, and came to America, and to White County, with her father in 1845. She remained at home till her marriage to Mark Barth, April 17, 1854. He was a native of Germany, born June 22, 1832, and came to America in 1848. He died Oct. 11, 1881. They have no children. Mrs. Barth has 120 acres of good, well-improved land in White County, and six houses and lots in Carmi, in one of which, on the corner of Main and Walnut streets, she resides. A niece, Christina E. Bachmann, is a member of her family. She was born in White County, June 15, 1867. Her mother, Mrs. Wender, also makes her home with her daughter. She was seven ty-six years old, July 24, 1882. Her father died April 15, 1858, aged fiftyeight years. Mrs. Barth is a member of the Presbyterian church, as was also her husband.

William Marx Barth was born in the State of Baden, Germany, May 16, 1834, and came to America, Oct. 1, 1846, landing in New York. He went through New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and down the Ohio River to Shawneetown; from Shawneetown came to Carmi and settled on a farm four miles north of Carmi, in Burnt Prairie Township. His father, Christopher Barth, left Illi¬ nois in 1850 and has never been heard of since. His mother, Dolla Barth, died in March, 1S79, and his brother, Christopher, died in September, 1879. William M. was married in 1S57, to Catherine

Speck, also a native of Baden, Germany, born in 1840. They have no children. Mr. Barth has ninety-two acres of good land in Phil¬ lips Township, and also good town property, north of the Wabash Railroad, consisting of eight lots and a story and a half house, where he now lives. He is a member of Carmi Lodge, No. 272, A. F. & A. M. Politically he is a Democrat. He served thiee years in the late war, in Company F, Eighty-seventh Illinois Infantry, Nineteenth Army Corps, under General Grant, and later under General Banks. He was at the siege of Vicksburg; was discharged July 4, 1865.

E. C. Beard , born in Indiana, Nov. 11, 1851, is a son of Jona¬ than and Mary Ann (Crain) Beard, natives of Indiana, the former born in 1819, and the latter in 1829. They had three children - John C., S. C., and E. C. E. C. was reared and educated in Spen¬ cer County, Ind. He was married Dec. 16,1873, to Mattie J.\ daughter of 'Squire William Harter, of Spencer County, Ind., born in June, 1856. They have two children - Clara E.. born Oct. 1, 1874, and Myrtle, Oct. 29, 1877. Mr. Beard is a member of the Mutual Aid Society of Carmi, Ill.

William Beck was born in Jeffersonville, Ind., Nov. 16, 1845, and when he wa9 eighteen months old his father came to White County, and settled on a farm four miles north of Carmi, in Burnt Prairie Township, where they lived eighteen years. William worked on the farm with his father, and learned the carpenter's trade in Carmi. He went to Evansville, Ind., and worked eight months; afterward returned to Carmi and worked at his trade there and in Gray ville, where he bought a livery stable of Tom Sheridan. In eight months he sold out and returned to Carmi, and worked at his trade till 1879. He then clerked for his brother George six months, when he bought a half interest, and at the expiration of a year bought the entire stock. He now has a nice stock of dry goods, groceries, queen's-ware, etc., on First street, between Fackney and Sycamore, Carmi. He is a member of the Evangelical German church. Politically he has always been a Democrat.

C. F. Becker was born in Germany in 1834. He was a son of John Becker, who came to this country and State in 1837, with his family of wife and three sons, C. F. Becker being the youngest. When C. F. was fourteen years of age he learned the cooper's trade, and worked at it till the year of 1861, when he enlisted in Com¬ pany C, Sixtieth Indiana Volunteer Infantry; served his country two years and ten months when he was discharged on account of disability caused by a wound received at Caron Crow Bridge, La., by breaking his right foot while crossing a ravine on a retreat. Atthesame battle they lost over half their men, captured and killed. He returned home and engaged in tbe hotel business at Evansville, at the Farmers' House, for his brother John, as clerk. He remained with him till 1868, when he came to Carmi and built the stave factory and formed the company known as Becker, Rinewald & Co. This firm continued six years. In 1871 Mr. Becker met with thegfeat misfortune of the loss of his right hand in culling staves. The fail of 1871 fire swept their property worth $8,000 clean from their hands without a cent of insurance. They at once rebuilt even more extensively than before, and to-day their factory stands as an active monument to the enterprise of Mr. Becker, and is one of the great drive-wheels to the business of Carmi. In 1874 Mr. Becker sold his interest in the factory to Mr. Geo. Siegler. During the years 1871-'72, Mr. Becker was a member of the Council and was a strong advocator of railroad enterprise and was a strong supporter of extending the funds. In 1871 he built the first boat ever built on the Little Wabash. It was called T. W. Stone. This he ran from Carmi to Scottsville three years, and acted as captain and pilot himself. This is the first and only boat that ever traversed these waters by steam. After quitting the stave factory he embarked in the saloon business, and to-day we find him the gentlemanly proprietor of a well-regulated saloon and a fine bill¬ iard parlor. Mr. Becker was married Nov. 3, 1856, it being the day after Buchanan's election. They have five children, one son and four daughters. He has been a member of the Order of Odd Fellows for the past fourteen years.

Thomas E. Boor , engineer of the Wabash & St. Louis R. R., was born in Marion County, W. Va., Jan. 7, 1844, and came to Carmi in July, 1877, where he has since resided. His parents, B. F. and Margaret (Mason) Boor, were natives of West Virginia, and died there, the father when Thomas was four years old, and the mother in 1869. He has five sisters living, he being next to the youngest child. He was married June 9, 1866, to Harriet Wilson, a native of Monongalia County, W. Va., born March 29, 1845. They have four children - Ida G., born April 1, 1867 ; Sarah Edith, Nov. 18, 1869; Benjamin F., March 6, 1877; John W., April, 1879. Mr. Boor is a member of Lodge 272, A. F. & A. M.; Lodge 121, A. O. U. W., and the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers in Carmi. He owns the house and lot where he resides, north of the Wabash Railroad, Carmi.

Frank Bowman was born in Durham, Feb. 27, 1824, and came to America in 1852, landing in New York and going to Cincin¬ nati, where he arrived July 15, 1852. He remained in Cincinnati five years, working at the blacksmith's trade. He then went to Madison, Ind., and remained two years. In 1858 he went to Vin¬ cennes, Ind., and worked at his trade in the machine shops till 1873, when he came to Carmi, where he has since resided, working in the Wabash Railroad shops. He was married in 1848 to Jane Hudson. They have six children - Robert, Jane, Ellen, Frank, Emma and Allie. He is a member of the Church of England.

Alexander K. Boyer , was born in White County, III., Feb. 22, 1842. His father, John Boyer, came from Cincinnati, O., to Shawneetown, Ill., in 1804, where he lived many years. He died near Enfield in 1864. His mother, Lidney (McCoy) Boyer, was born in Kentucky and died near Enfield in 1866. They have eleven children living - Sallie, Lillie, Lizzie, Catherine, Abner, Eliza, Julia, A. K., John H., Zachariah, Madeline, Margery. Alexan¬ der K. was a farmer till he was nineteen years old, when he en¬ listed in the Eighty-seventh Illinois Infantry, and served two years and eleven months. He was in the siege of Vicksburg, Jackson and New Orleans. After his return home, he learned the blacksmith's trade, and has since that sime been working at it. He was married to Josephine Hebenthall, Dec. 25, 1869, a native of Louisville, Ky., born in June, 1851, They have one child - Harry, born July 29, 1873. Politically, he is a Republican.

J. H. Boyer was born in White County, Ill., July 19, 1845. He was a son of John Boyer, a native of Ohio, who came to Illinois in 1804, locating in Shawneetown. When he grew to manhood he chose farming for his life's avocation. J. H. Boyer made his home with his father till his death, which occurred in 1864. After this event he remained on the farm a short time, and then went to teaching school, at which he was employed principally for six or seven years. He then engaged as a clerk in a dry-goods store for B. L. Patrick, with whom he remained four or five years. At the expiration of this time he engaged in the harness and saddlery business one year. At this date, March, 1880, he entered into a partnership with T. M. Kerney, and bought a new stock of gro¬ ceries and located on the corner of jMain and Church streets. The firm name remained as Kerney & Boyer till May 1, 1882, when Mr. Boyer bought his partner's interest; he ran it alone only a few weeks, when he sold a half interest to his present partner, G.

W. Harrison. This firm have a nice, fresh-looking store, filled with fine groceries and are doing a fine business. Mr. Boyer was mar¬ ried April 7, 1867, to Miss Mary J. Patrick, daughter of B. L. Patrick, of this city. They have three children - Willie, Daniel, Mary, ages twelve, seven and four, respectively. Mr. Boyer is a member of the order of United Workmen.

Z. T. Boyer was bom in White County, Ill., in 1848. He was a son of Michael Boyer, a blacksmith by trade, a native of this county, who was born in 1828, and died here in 1854. His family consisted of four children, Z. T. being the oldest. He made his home at Enfield till he was twenty-eight years of age, with the exception of four years spent with his grandfather, after his fa¬ ther's death. Mr. Boyer began working at his]trade when about ten years of age, but his time was occupied much of the time in school till he was eighteen, when he turned his whole attention to his trade. At the age of twenty-one he engaged in the harness¬ making business in company with W. M. Goudy, of Enfield, and remained in business till 1878, when he came to Carrai and opened a shop and ran it about one year when he shipped his stock to Lafayette, Ind., and staid three years. He returned to Carmi in January, 1881, and again resumed his business. He has a fine trade of about $8,000 yearly. Mr. Boyer was married in 1875, to Miss Fannie Dickinson, of this county. They have four children - Wesley G., Florence, John C., and Mary, the oldest being six years of age.

James R. Bozeman , of the firm of Malone & Bozeman, propri¬ etors of Ionia Mills, was born in White County, Ill., March 27, 1853. His father was also a native of this county, bora in 1826, And died in Carmi in November, 1874. James R. is the oldest of six children. He was reared and educated in Carmi. He has worked in a mill for the past sixteen years, and is now one of the proprietors of the Ionia Mills, Carmi. He was married Oct. 4? 1876, to Mary I. Graham, a native of White County, born in 1852. Her father, S. Graham, is a native of Ohio, and came to White County in an early day. He is living in Carmi Township. Mr. and Mrs. Bozeman are members of the United Presbyterian church. Politically he is a Republican.

Henry Brandt was born in Holstein, Germany, Oct. 7, 1833, and came to America in 1867, landing in New York. He came to Parkersburg, Richland Co., Ill., and remained there four and a half years making wagons. In the spring of 1871 he came to

Carmi, where he has since resided. He manufactures wagons, plows, and everything in the blacksmith line. He was married Jan. 10, 1858, to Catherine Hon, a native of Holstein, Germany, born June 4, 1833. They have six children - Mary, August, Min¬ nie, Frederick, Eliza, Louisa. Mr. Brandt is a member of the Presbyterian church. Politically he i9 a Democrat. He owns two houses and lots in Carmi, and also property in Parkersburg, Ill.

Gilbert M. Brown , butcher, pork-packer, and dealer in live¬ stock, Carmi, Ill., is a native of Edgar County, Ill., born May 18, 1854. His father, James H. Brown, born in 1819, was the first white child born in Edgar County. He is now living in Marshall, Clark Co., Ill. His mother, Catherine Bodine, was born in Ken¬ tucky in 1818. They had a family of ten children - Emeline, Alexander, Frank A., Anna, Josephine M., Maria, Gilbert M., Thomas W., James A. and Angelina. Alexander and Angelina are dead. They left Edgar County in 1861, and went to Terre Haute, Ind., and lived a year. Mr. J. H. Brown traded his farm near Terre Haute, known as the old Westbrook farm, and went to Greencastle, Ind., and engaged in the butcher and pork-packing business, which he continued eight years and then went into part¬ nership with Wm. Jarboe, at Brazil, Ind., in the grocery, butcher and pork-packing business on a large scale, and soon after moved his family there. Four years later Mr. Jarboe bought his part ner's interest, and Mr. Brown went to Knightsville, two miles east of Brazil, and engaged in the same business alone. Gilbert Brown went to Notre Dame University two years, 1872 and 1873, and then took a partnership with his father, and started a place in Bra¬ zil. He continued there three years, and then went to Marshall, Clark Co., Ill., in the fall of 1878, and went into partnership with his brother Frank, in the same business. He remained there till the winter of 1879-'80. From the spring to the fall of 1880, he acted as Marshal of the city of Marshall. In the fall of 1880 he went into business with Edward Bruce, of Terre Haute. In the winter of 1880 he came to Carmi and commenced to put up ice for the coming season, and not being able to get a suitable place, he built himself an ice-house, where he and his brother, Thomas W., are now located, the firm name being Brown & Brown. He is a member of the Catholic church. He is a descendant of Lord Baltimore. Politically he is a Democrat He is a member of the Knights of Honor in Carmi, and is also leader of the brass band in Carmi, Ill.

Samuel Chapman was born near Herald's Prairie, White Co., Ill., March 22, 1840. His father, John Chapman, was also a na¬ tive of White County. His grandparents were natives of Tennes¬ see, and came to this country in 1810. Samuel is the only son, but has three sisters - Mary, Sarah, now Mrs. Thomas Blackerel, and Nancy, now Mrs. Thomas Keeling. His father died when he was quite small. He was married in 1864, to Mrs. Elizabeth Trousdale, a native of Tennessee. They have two children - Will¬ iam L., born in October, 1865, and R. A. Gertrude, born in March, 1873. He has one step-daughter, Nancy B. Trousdale, born in 1862, the daughter of Felix Trousdale, who died in 1864. Mr. Chapman is a member of Carrai Lodge, No. 121, A. O. U. W. Politically he is a Democrat.

William 12. Cochran, was born in White County, April 28,1842, and was a son of Capt. Sanford Cochran. Mr. Cochran upon leaving school went to New Orleans, and was there when Fort Sumter tell. He returned from New Orleans and enlisted in the First Illinois Cav¬ alry, Company I, Captain O. Burrill commanding - it being the first company that was organized in White County, the enrollment taking place May 11, 1861. This regiment were captured and cut to pieces at Lexington, Mo., excepting Companies H and I, that were doing scouting duty. In fact, they were never a part of the regi¬ ment, not having reached it. These two companies served as scouts for one year, and were discharged by a special order (No. 270, dated at the headquarters of the Department of the Mississippi, July 1), July 5. Upon his coming to Carmi, he attended school and clerked it at intervals, and attended school at Bartlett's Com¬ mercial College, and graduated in May, 1864, after which he taught school in the Cushman district for two years; after this accepted the position of bookkeeper for B. L. Patrick, which he has since held. Mr. Cochran married, Dec. 1, 1872, Miss Lydia A. Parker, daugh¬ ter of Jacob T. and Amelia (Tanquary) Parker. They have two children - Herman and Don.

Christian Cook was born in White County, Jan. 24, 1848, and was son of Charles and Rose (Geiger) Cook, both natives of Wnrtemburg, Germany. They emigrated to White County, Ill¬ inois, 1847. Their family consisted of eight children ; but four are living - Louisa (Mrs. Fred Winner), Laura (Mrs. Luther McHenry), Caroline (Mrs. Shelley Vaughn), Christian. Christian Cook com¬ menced studying physics in 1865, at the Eclectic Medical Institute

Cincinnati, when but seventeen years of age, taking two courses, and graduated in 1869 from Humboldt Medical Institute, St. Louis. After his return from Cincinnati Mr. Cook came to Carrai, and com¬ menced practice, which he followed until the death of his father in 1867, when he finished his studies at St. Louis and began active practice in Carmi, where he has since been located as one of the leading physicians. Mr. Cook married Mary E. Kline, May 1, 1872. Their children born - Charles, Nellie and Hattie (deceased).

H. E Craver was born at West Salem, Edwards Co., Ill., June 23, 1841. He was a son of Jacob and Elizabeth Craver, formerly of North Carolina. Mr. Craver made his home with his father at the farm till he was twenty-two years of age, attending school in the winter. At this age lie enlisted in Company G, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Illinois Infantry. He served his country six months, when the war closed and his sevices were use¬ less. After his return from the army he engaged to teach school three months, which he commenced the next day after his return. The Monday morning after his school closed, which was on Satur¬ day, he hired with N. McDowell, of West Salem, in the mercantile business, and remained with him seven years without being dis¬ counted a day. At the expiration of that time he took a short Western trip, after which he went to Carmi and hired to Mr. Yiskniskki, in the grocery business. With him he remained about five months, when he took a position in J. C. Seminnom & Co.'s dry goods house He had been with them about five months, when the cholera broke out in Carmi, which caused a gen¬ eral stampede, and he, with the rest, vacated the place, return¬ ing home, where he remained but a short time, when he and J. C. Hunter engaged in the dry-goods business in Owaneco, Christian Co., Ill. Here he remained two years, when he sold out and came to Carmi. To illustrate a principle of Mr. Craver's life we will here make mention of another of his close connec¬ tions. He sold his interest to his partner, Mr. Hunter, at nine o'clock in the morning and came to Carmi and purchased a large grocery store before he went to bed. In this business he had for a partner Edwin E. Crebs, which partnership existed about four years, when, by mutual consent, they dissolved, and divided the stock. Mr. Craver conducted the business alone for ten monthsi when he was burnt out in January, 1881. Though meeting with a heavy loss, he was pushing business on Wilson's corner in a few days. Nov. 20, 1881, he moved into his present pleasant quarter, where we find him doing a fine business and enjoying the confi¬ dence of the people. Mr. Craver was married April 23, 1866, to Miss Martha Ann Lapp, of West Salem. They had one child - Lillie E. now fourteen years of age. Mrs. Craver died in 1867. Mr. Craver married Carrie Weirauch Sept. 29, 1875. They have two children - Harry W. and Howard H., aged seven and four, respectively. Both Mr. and Mrs. Craver are members of the Presbyterian church. Politically he is a sound Republican, though his father and five brothers and five brothers-in-law were strong Democrats.

James R . Crowder was born in Edwards County, Ill., May 22, 1844. His father, John H. Crowder, was a native of North Caro¬ lina and came to Illinois in 1829, settling in Edwards County. He came to White County and made Carmi his home till his death in 1870. Daring his life in Carmi he was Deputy Sheriff a num¬ ber of years. James R. was reared in Carmi. He enlisted in Company H, Forty-eighth Illinois Infantry, in the early part of the war, and served four years. He was in the Fifteenth Army Corps. The first battle he was in was Fort Donelson. He was in thirty-eight hard-fought battles besides a great many skirmishes. He was never wounded in battle, but while out foraging one of his comrades shot at a hog, the ball hitting it in the head, and pass¬ ing hit Mr. Crowder in the hip. When he came from the army he had $1,300 which he spent in an education, finishing atMcKendree College, Lebanon, Ill. After he finished his literary course he attended a commercial college at Evansville, Ind. He then taught in White County for about ten years. In 1879 and part of 1880 he was bookkeeper for Gravett and Johnson. He then traveled selling tobacco and cigars. Aug. 21, 1882, he commenced keeping books for Geo. S. Staley and Ivey. He was married Aug. 30, 18 72, to Amelia Gaston, a native of White County, born in 1854. They have three children - ErvieG., born July 13, 1873; CoraG., August, 1875; Annie, Oct. 4, 1877. Mrs. Crowder is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church and Mr. Crowder is a Methodist in belief. He is a member of Lodge No. 230, A. F. & A. M., New Haven. Politically he is a Democrat.

Calvin Cushman was born in Maine, Aug. 15, 1808. He went to St. Louis, Mo., and from there to Lebanon, Ill., where he remained one year. He came to Carmi in 1838, and made his home with Wilson about three years. He learned the trade of a painter in the East, and after he came here carried on that business, having a number of hands under him; for about twenty years, at the same time was engaged in farming. In 1858 he was Deputy Sheriff, which position he held five years. Was Constable seven years, being Constable and Deputy Sheriff at the same time. Since that time has again been engaged in farming and painting. He owned at one time 320 acres, but now has only 240 acres on sections 17 and 20. The village of Trumbull is laid out on part of his land. He was married Oct. 25, 1842, to Julia A. Downs, a native of White County, born Oct. 20, 1822. They have four children - Lucius Downs, born Feb. 16, 1847 ; Mary A., now Mrs. F. B. Bingham, boin June 18, 1850; Albert S., born Aug. 5, 1852; Vesta, A., born June 17, 1855. Mr. and Mrs. Cushman are both members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically lie has always been a Republican. Both the boys are living at home with their parents. Lucius is engaged in fanning and is also Constable of White County. Mr Cushman is engaged in raising grain of all kinds and also stock.

William Davis , born in Ohio, July 26, 1836, is a son of William and Jane (Harper) Davis, both natives of Ireland. The family moved to Indiana in 1848, where the mother died in 1855; the father died in 1874. They have six children living - James II., John, Harper, B. T., William and Sarah, the wife of Henry Martin, of Worthington, Greene Co., Ind. William is the third son. He was reared principally in Indiana. The most of his life he has been a carpenter. For the past fifteen years he has been railroad¬ ing; is at present foreman of the Cairo Division of the Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific R. R., the shops being in Carmi. He is a mem¬ ber of Lodge 323, I. O. O. F., at Spencer, Ind. He was married Aug. 16, 1855, to Nellie Giney, a native of Ohio, born June 26, 1837. They have three children - Mary, Laura and John M. Mary is now the wife of R. A. Huff, of Spencer, Ind. Mr. Davis served three years in the late war, enlisting Oct. 26, 1862, in Company H, Ninety-seventh Indiana Infantry, Fifteenth Army Corps, and be¬ ing mustered out at Indianapolis, Aug. 26, 1865. He was in the engagement at Jackson, Miss., and the siege of Vicksburg.

James F. Dawson was born in Wheeling, W. Va., Dec. 17, 1849. His father, James Dawson, a native of Manchester, England, and came to America in 1842. His mother, Margaret Jane (Little) Dawson, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1827, and died in 1862. He has one brother and one sister. James F. served two years at wood-turning, and four years at the carpenter's trade, with William

H. Stewart, of Cincinnati. After learning his trade he contracted one year in Cincinnati. In 1872 he went to the Black Hills, and remained a year. He then started East and stopped three months in Oonncil Bluffs, and then in Des Moines three months, and re¬ turned to Cincinnati, where he worked for Griffith till his estab¬ lishment burned. Mr. Dawson lost $250 worth of tools. He then learned the trade of sign-writing, which he followed three years, and then left Cincinnati, stopping at Louisville two weeks; then took a boat for Evansville, Ind., and remained a few days, and started for Mt. Yernon, but concluded to go further West. Running short of money he walked to Carmi, where he got work of Homer Floyle, then a contractor and builder in Carmi. He worked for him a year, and then was at the round-house three months. He then worked for Floyle two years, at the end of which time he com¬ menced to contract from Carmi to Terre Haute, Ind., three months, and in August, 1882, came back to Carmi, where he is contracting. He is at present building a house for Thomas Bidelman. He is a member of Carmi Lodge, No. 121, I. O. O. F., and K. of P., No. 82. Politically he is a Republican.

John Dietz, , born in Mt. Yernon, Ind., June 7, 1852, is a son of Godfrey Dietz, a native of Germany, who was born about 1827, and came to America about 1848. He lived in Mt. Yernon a number of years and worked at the wagon-maker's trade. In 1857 he came to Carmi, where lie has since lived, and is still working at his trade. He has four sons - John, William, Henry, and Frank. John is by trade a painter and is employed in the car shops of the Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific Railroad, at Carmi He was married Oct. 18, 1877, to Mollie Anart, a native of Louis¬ ville, Ky., born July 26, 1862. They have one child - Lulu, born July 30, 1678. Politically Mr. Dietz is a Republican.

Henry Dobbs was born near Phillipstown, White Co., Ill., May 28, 1848. He was reared and educated in this county. He has been engaged in farming and trading ever since he was large enough. In 1881 he kept what is known as the Hill Springs, near Carmi, and also had a grocery. In the fall of 1881 he closed up that business, and kept a feed stable during the winter. In May, 1882, he commenced in his present business - keeping a saloon, also deals in real-estate, or anything that will help business and earn an honest penny. He was married in August, 1872, to Laura Kirkendall, a native of White County, born in 1854. They have no children. Mrs. Susan Dobbs, the mother of Henry, was born

Phil . J. F elker , born Aug. 14, 1852, at Evansville, Ind., is a son of John F. and Dorathy (Mintzer) Felker. His mother is a native o New York State, and his father of Germany. His mother is living at Evansville. His father died in Evansville in November, 1865. There were seven children in his family, three sons and four daughters. Phil was raised in Evansville, where he received his education. When he was fifteen years old he engaged with his uncle in the grocery business, and was with him two years. He then went into the banking house of Archer & Co., and was with them one year. He again went into the grocery business with Parsons & Scoville; was with them eight years. In September, 1879, he opened a general mercantile store in Hazleton, Gibson Co., Ind., and was there nearly two years. May 4, 1881, he was burned out, and met with a large loss, only partly insured. In July, 1881, he came to Carmi, and opened a store of dry goods, boots and shoes, etc., with A. P. Lahr, under the firm name of A. P. Lahr & Co. In March, 1862, Mr. Felker bought the interest of his partner, and has since had entire control and management of the business. He carries a stock of between $7,000 and $8,000, and has a fine store on the corner of Smith and First streets, nicely arranged, and doihg a profitable business. He was married Jan. 14, 1879, to Lena Wessel, a native of New Orleans, La. They have two children - Estella D. and Helen L.

Albert 8. Felty was born in White County, Ill., May 11, 1827* His father, Michael Felty, a native of Pennsylvania, removed to Kentucky and lived a short time, and in 1817 came to this county, where he resided until his death in 1866. His mother, Mrs. Al¬ pha Newman Felty, was also a native of Pennsylvania, and moved to Kentucky, thence to Illinois, where she married Mr. Felty. She died in 1868, leaving five children, Albert L. being the fourth. He was married in 1849 to Sarah Jane Hosic, also a native of White County, born June 27, 1832. They have ten children - Thomas L., Alpha A., Sylvester, James S., Mary, Margaret, Albert C., George H., Clara and Dora. Mr. and Mrs. Felty are members of the Christian church. Politically he is a Republican. He owns eighty acres of fine land on section 17, Carmi Township.

J. W. Finley was born in Ohio, Jan. 1, 1841, where he lived till 1861 when he enlisted in Company H, Eleventh Ohio Infantry; He served all through the campaign of the Big Kanawha Valley; was in the second Battle of Bull Run, and was taken prisoner. He was paroled and remained in camp at Annapolis, Md., two months. From there he came to Indianapolis, and from there to Kokomo, Ind., where he raised a company and joined the One Hundred and Thirty-fourth Indiana, Company D. He served in that company 100 days, when he was discharged and mustered out in the spring of 1863. He engaged in the millinery and ladies' furnishing goods business from 1863 to 1866, when he went to Detroit, Mich., and worked at shoe-making six months. He then went to Chicago, Ill., and engaged in the millinery business during the winter, when he went to Bloomington, Ill., and worked at shoe-making for three months, when he engaged in bleaching and pressing two months. He then collected for a book publishing house four months. He then resumed shoe-making which he continued until the fall of 1882, when he opened a saloon corner of Smith and Third streets, Carmi. He has five acres of good land just north of the city cor¬ poration and a nice little cottage. He was married in 1864 to Helen A. Brooks. She died in the spring of 1867. In March, 1868, he married Mary R, Jenkins, a native of Tennessee, born in 1847. They have five children - Ethel, Maud, Kate, Eva, and Jimmie. He is a member of the Christian church. Politically he is a Democrat. He belongs to the Forest City Lodge, Arkansas.

H. F. TP. Fisher was born in Prussia, Feb. 14, 1844, and came to America in 1857, landing in New York. He went direct to Washington County, thirty miles north of Milwaukee, Wis., and worked at the boot and shoe-maker's trade till 1862. Aug. 14, 1862, he enlisted in Company E, Twenty-fourth Wisconsin In¬ fantry, and served two years and ten months, or until the war was over. He was at Perryville, Ark., Stone River, Chickaraauga, Mission Ridge; after that at Sheridan's headquarters at Knoxville four months. He was taken sick and was sent to the field hospi¬ tal at Chattanooga, and after a week was shipped to Nashville, where he remained till Feb. 1, in Hospital No. 1. He then re¬ ported to his regiment and served till his discharge. He was mus¬ tered out at Milwaukee. He worked at his trade nine months and then went to Milwaukee and sold patent medicines for A. Sabine & Co. seven and a half years. In 1876 he came to Carmi and kept bar for R. T. Schwaner six months. He then went into business for himself, and is now keeping the Globe Saloon. He was mar¬ ried Oct. 30, 1878, to Frances Schneider, a native of Evansville, Ind., born May 16, 1854. They have two children - Louise Anna, born Oct. 25, 1879, and F. Julia, Aug. 15, 1881. He was Assessor of Oarmi Township in 1881. He belongs to the Lutheran church. He is Past Chancellor of Carrai Lodge, No. 82, K. of P. In August, 1882, he joined Oarmi Lodge No. 189, I. O. O. F. and is ho ding the office of Treasurer.

Prank J. Foster, M. D., physician and druggist, Oarmi, was born in Butler County, Ohio, in 1830, the son of Archie G. and Margaret (Patterson) Foster, the former a native of Virginia, and the latter of the vicinity of Lexington, Ky. He was raised on a farm, attended common and high schools, and finally graduated at the Ohio Medical College at Cincinnati, in 1854, when he located in Bartholomew County, Ind., and commenced the practice of his chosen profession. In 1860 he removed to Enfield, this county, and in 1862 to Carmi, where he has since resided. Since that date he has been U. S. Pension Examining Surgeon, excepting the year and a half lie was in the army. He was mustered into the United States service in March, 1864, as Assistant Surgeon to the Thir¬ teenth Illinois Cavalry, and mustered out in September, 1865. Most of this period he was in charge of the surgical department of the hospital at Pine Bluff, Ark. In 1855 Dr. Foster married Miss Mary, daughter of Matthew and Charity Kelley, father a native of Virginia and mother of Pennsylvania. Their children are - C. Belle, who married Prof. H. L. Arnold, now a teacher of the graded school at Belmont, Wabash Co., Ill.; Louis M. and Daisy Deane. In 1856 the Doctor made a tr;p out into the wilds of Kansas, where he had some hair-breadtli escapes from the In¬ dians and border ruffians. Glad was he to find himself safe among civilized people once more. Dr. Foster is a useful man to the pub¬ lic, as he takes a lively interest in educational and other public affairs. He has been a member of the Carmi School Board, of which lie was Chairman three years. Is a member of the A. F. & A. M., in which he was acting Master of a lodge in Indiana for some time; is also a member of the I. O. O. F. and A. O. U. W. For five consecutive years he has been a Supervisor of Carmi Township, and would have been continued in the office longer had he consented. He was Chairman of the board two or three years. His present drug store in Carmi, on the west side of Church street and a little north of Main, he opened in 1873.

Carmi Town8Hip

Detrich Freibergen was bom in the State of Baden, Germany, July 2, 1829. He came to America Jan. 15, 1855, landing in New Orlens. He was fifty-two days on the ocean, on the sailing vesssel Udit. He took a steamer at New Orleans for Cairo, Ill., and went from there by rail to St Louis, Mo. He remained in St. Louis only two weeks, when he went to St. Clair County, Ill. He worked on a farm there by the month four years, and then rented a farm and worked for him3elf two years. He then bought ninety acre* (seventy prairie and twenty timber) in Washington County, Ill., and carried on farming there eight years, when he sold out and came to White County, and bought 400 acres of Mr. Graham, on section 3, township 5, range 9. He then went to work repairing, spent nearly $8,000 in buildings, and has now a fine, large, twostory frame house, good barn and granary, and all the conven¬ iences necessary to make life comfortable. He was married in St. Clair County, Jan. 15, 1858, to Christina Keim, a native of He3se-Darmstadt, Germany, born May 8, 1833. They have five children - Jacob, bom May 17, 1860; Philip, Feb. 20, 1864; Cath¬ erine, Feb. 27,1866; Louisa, Oct. 12, 1869; Henry, Jan. 16, 1871. They are members of the German Presbyterian church. Politically he is a Republican.

D. W. Gardner , son of N. and Mary Gardner, was born in Ohio, May 15, 1823. His father was bora in New York about 1780, and his mother was a native of Virginia. They were married in 1806, and had thirteen children, D. W. being the twelfth. He lived in Ohio about thirty -five years, and then came to Illinois; from here went to Missouri, and remained eighteen mouths, then came back to Illinois, then to Ohio, and in 1868 returned to Grayville, 111., and lived four years. In 1872 he came to Carmi, where he has since resided. He was a pilot on the Ohio, Mississippi and Red rivers for about twenty-three years. Since coming to Carmi he has had a grocery, and kept a hotel most of the time. He was married April 9, 1848, to Levina Waterfield. They have two children - William, born Oct. 15, 1849, and Elizabeth, May 1, 1851, now the wife of John Stewart. Mr. Gardner is a member of Lodge No. 200, A. F. & A. M., Grayville, and Vespar Lodge, No. 131, 1. O. O. F., Neville, O. He voted for James K. Polk, and has always voted the Democratic ticket.

E%. W. Gaston w&a born in White County, Ill., Jan. 26, 1S25. He was a son of Elihu Gaston, who came from Kentucky to Gal¬ latin County in 1814, and moved to White County in 1824, where he died in 1834 at the age of thirty-six. Mr. Gaston's boy¬ hood and most of his manhood years were spent upon a farm. In 1851 he purchased the ferry track at New Haven. This ferry Mr. Gaston established and ran five years himself. Here he made quite a start in this world's goods. In 1856 he went to try his fortune in Iowa, where he invested in lands, which afterward proved to have spurious titles. This discouragement of course made the West a dismal place for him. So the same year he sought his na¬ tive land. In 1861 he enlisted in Company G, Seventh Illinois Cavalry, and served his country over three and a half years; was never wounded or taken prisoner, though he had the misfortune to be a hospital patient[about six weeks in all. He was on the Grearson raid from Memphis to Baton Rouge, the battles at Lagrange, Tenn., and Corinth, besides many other hard-fought engagements. He held the position of Orderly Sergeant from his enlistment to his discharge, which was in November, 1864, at Springfield, Ill. After his return from the army he pursued the avocation of farm¬ ing till 1875, when he came to Carmi, where he still resides. In November, 1879, he was elected Treasurer of White County. In 1881 he engaged in the furniture business, which he is still pur¬ suing. Mr. Gaston was married in 1847, to Jane Stewart. She died in 1855, leaving a family of three children - John L., Amelia (now Mrs. Crowder), and Barbara (now Mrs. Turner). In 1856 Mr. Gaston was married to Mrs. Ruth Slocum. By this union there are three children - Jennie, married Mr. Chas. E. Parker; Katie and Della, who reside with their father. Mrs. Gaston died in De¬ cember, 1878. Mr. Gaston was again married in May, 1880, to Mrs. Samuel Dagley. Her maiden name was Lucinda Hannah. Mr. Gaston is a member of the Order of Freemasons, and is a sound Democrat.

Charles Gidcumb was born in Butler County, Ky., Dec. 13, 1848. He came to White County, Ill., in 1856, and has made this county his home to the present time. He was married March 26, 1872, to Lucinda Smith, a native of Tennessee, born May 6, 1850. They are the parents of six children - Alonzo, born January, 1873; Mary, born in 1875; Charles Josephus, born in 1877 ; he and Alonzo were both killed by a runaway team in September, 1877; Will¬ iam, born in 1878; Shuman, in 1880; and an infant, born Aug. 23, 1882. Mr. Gidcumb has forty acres of good land on sectiqn 12. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically, is a Democrat.

Dan . H. Graham was bom two and a half miles northwest of Carmi, on the old homestead, Oct. 15, 1848. His father, Nathan¬ iel P. Graham, came with his parents to this county from Ken¬ tucky in 1817, when he was five years old, and resided here till his death, April 23, 1870. His mother, Susannah Fraser, was born in North Carolina, in 1817, and came to this county with her parents in 1818. They were married April 27, 1834, and to them were born four sons and five daughters, Dan being the third son. His youthful days were spent in attending the district school in winter, and tilling the soil in summer. At the age of sixteen it was decided that he should not be a mechanic as were- his two older brothers, Barton and Thompson, so the next year and a half was spent in a select school taught by Rev. Hughey near Liberty. Oct. 3, 1867, he commenced teaching at the Beck district school, and the next year taught in the Cleveland district in Phillipstown. With the proceeds of these two years he embarked in the livery business in March, 1869, and continued alone till August, when he took in Theo. Parker as a partner. The firm of Parker & Gra¬ ham continued till February, when Dan bought out Mr. Parker and assumed fall control. His father's death made it necessary for him to keep the Central House, which he continued till 1872. Government contracting is one of his specialties, and he i6 one of the most extensile contractors in Southern Illinois, now having control of over forty routes, making over 3,000 miles to be trav¬ eled per week. He has also been engaged in the ice and coal trade, and more recently in agricultural implements. His sales in the latter amounted to over $50,000 the last season. In politics, he is a Republican. He is a member of the Methodist church, and is a liberal subscriber to it and to all benevolent institutions. He is a charter member of Lodge No. 82, K. of P., and was also a member of the Good Templars. He was married Nov. 2, 1S71, to Florence, eldest daughter of John and Louisa Scott, of Scottsville, Wayne Co., Ill. They have five children - Blanche, Emma, Louise, Willie T., and Kate.

Smiley Graham was born in Fayette County, Pa., June 26, 1807, and when about eleven years of age went to Ohio. In the fall of 1838 he came to Illinois. He owns eighty-three acres of land on sections 29 and 30, Carmi Township. He was married May 14, 1840, to Emily M. Brockett, who was born in Saline County, Ill., in 1816. They have five children - Benjamin B.j born June 26, 1844; Elizabeth T., Sept. 14, 1846; John M., Feb.

' Politically he is a Republican. His son, John M., was married Oct. 4, 1876, to Emma 0. Parkhnrst, who was born in White County, Nov. 3, 1862. They have two children - Charlie O., born Oct. 13, 1878, and Emma C., born Dec. 23, 1881. He lives with his father, and has charge of the farm. Mr. and Mrs. John Gra¬ ham are also members of the United Presbyterian church. Polit¬ ically he is a Republican.

William Gravett was born in Sussex County, England, April 13, 1829. In the spring of 1852 he came to America, landing in New York, and came to Grayville, Ill., that same spring, where he lived till the spring of 1882. He has been farming most of the time since coming here, though for the past eighteen years he has been principally engaged in the lumber business, in which he still continues in Carmi, Ill. He was married February, 1853, to Ellen Johnson, also a native of Sussex County, England, born June 5> 1833. They have eight children - John P., born in 1854; Sada S., in 1856; Alice C., in 1860; Hugh H., in 1863; Eunice W., 1868; Allen W., 1870; Edmund J., 1873; Nellie F., 1875. He is a member of the Disciples church, and of the Grayville lodge.

John B . Grow was born in Cincinnati, O., Sept. 1, 1845, and lived there till he was ten years old. He then went to Indianapo¬ lis and lived a year; then to Terre Haute, Ind., and lived a year; then to St. Louis, Mo., where he remained till the war broke out, when he enlisted in Company A, Third Missouri Infantry, and served three years. It was General Siegel's first regiment and was under his command till his removal to Virginia. They were then in the Fifteenth Army Corps, under Sherman. His term expired after the surrender of Atlanta, and he was discharged and returned to St. Louis, and worked at the trade of painting till 1870, when he came to White County and lived at Marshall's Ferry eiglityears. In 1878 he came to Carmi, where he is still working at his trade. He was married Jan. 26, 1872, to Ellen Miller, who was born in Carmi in November, 1856. They have three children - William F., born Aug. 9, 1874; Myrtle A., Sept. 6, 1877; Harry G., June 25, 1880. Mr. and Mrs. Grow are both members of the Christian church. Politically he is a Republican.

Alfred Hadden was born in Kentucky, Oct. 28, 1811, and came to White County, Ill., in 1817, where he has made his home to the present time. He has always been a farmer, and now owns eighty acres of good land on section 1, Carmi Township. He wa9 married in June, 1836, to Peggie Null. She died in 1841, leav¬ ing one child - John Hadden. In 1842 he married Mrs. Lyda Williams. By this union there is one daughter - Mary, now Mrs. Leonard Ross. Mrs. Hadden died in 1847. In 1848 Mr. Hadden married Mrs. Jane Jones. They were the parents of four chil¬ dren - Thomas J., Susie, now Mrs. Jacob Pruther; Alfred G. and Sarah J. (twins), the latter the wife of David Barton. Mr. Had¬ den was again bereaved by the loss of his wife, and in January, 1875, married for the fourth time. His wife was Mrs. Rhoda Jane Hosier. They have no children. They are members of the Meth¬ odist Episcopal church. Politically he is a Republican.

John Haffa , Jr., born Jan. 17, 1858, in the eastern part of Hol¬ land, isa 6on of John and Agnes (Plunc) Haffa. In November, 1864, his parents with their family came to the United States, and settled in White County, Ill. His father is a plasterer or brick mason, and resides in Carmi. They have four children, three sons and one daughter. John Haifa, Jr., is the youngest of tiie family. July 4, 1874, he went to Evansville, where he attend' d the commercial school. On the 8th clay of July, 1875, he clerked in a grocery store, and remained there six years. In November, 1881, 'he returned to Carmi, and opened his present place of busi¬ ness, on the corner of Smith and First streets. He has a fine gro¬ cery store and carries a full and select stock of goods, giving the business his personal attention.

Georga W. Harrison was born in Tennessee in 1837. He was a son of Joseph Harrison, a native of South Carolina, and spent his days principally in Tennessee, where he died in 1851. G. W. Harrison became a citizen of White County in 1857, at about the age of eighteen. He began the milling business in Carmi and followed it continually till March, 1882. When Mr. Harrison quit the milling business, he went into the grocery business with his present partner, I. H. Boyer. They have a fine store and are doing indeed a pleasant business. Mr. Harrison was married in 1864 to Amanda J. White, a native of this county. They have one daughter - Ollie, now fourteen years of age. Mr. Harrison is a member of the Order of Odd Fellows.

F. E. Hay was born in January, 1831, in White County, Ill., a son of Daniel Hay. He received his early education in this county, and in 1851-'52 attended Franklin College, near Nashville, Tenn. After leaving college he was admitted as partner with his brother, W. S. Hay, who was at that time living in Carmi, exten¬ sively engaged in merchandising, including packing and shipping pork, handling and shipping a great deal of produce down the river, and also doing a large business in dry goods and groceries. H*i continued in this business till his brother's death, in January, 1S56. After settling up their business and the estate of his brother (which occupied nearly three years) he engaged in the dry goods business with his brother-in-law, J. R. Webb. They continued in that business till 1872 when they disposed of their goods and opened a bank, using the old firm name. This business we find to be on a solid footing, and very successful under the judicious management of Mr. Hay, Mr. Webb spending most of his time in Louisville, Ky. Their bank is not only secured by the un¬ shaken confidence of the people in its proprietors, but by over a thousand acres of choice lands, a great deal of town property, and plenty of cash capital alway on hand. They pay the Government a tax upon over a $100,000 of annual deposits. Mr. Hay was married in 1854 to Miss Martha L. Webb, a daughter of E. B. Webb, a pioneer of this county, and a prominent politician, being a special friend of Lincoln and his associates. In 1871 Mr. Hay was elected by the Democratic party, without opposition, to the honored position of Legislator, it being the first Legislature under the new State Constitution.

Thomas W. Hay , insurance agent, Carmi, was bom in Russell¬ ville, Logan Co., Ky., April 12, 1829, a son of James S. and Mary (Wand) Hay, the former a native of Kentucky and the latter of Virginia. James S. died in December, 1834, and Mrs. Hay, about 1840, married Nicholas Gautier. Then the family spent three or four years upon a farm, and returned to town, where Thomas W. attended school - a portion of the time the high school. In 1845 the family moved to Hartford, Ohio Co., Ky., where the subject of this sketch followed carpentering, taught school and traveled some. Sept. 11, 1855, Mr. Hay married Miss Mary C. Coombs, who was born in Nelson County, Ky., April 12, 1831, a daughter of Eden L. and Susan (Thompson) Coombs. The fol¬ lowing winter Mr. Hay taught school, and Aug. 7, 1856, he arrived in Carmi, where he still resides. Here he first began as a clerk in the dry-goods store of George Patrick. In May, 1858, he formed a partnership with B. L. Patrick in general merchandising, which was continued until January, 1866, when he sold out. He com¬ menced business independently in April, 1868, in general mer- chandising, at No. 16 Main street, East Carmi ; but in August, 1872, he moved into West Carmi, where he closed business Feb. 6, 1874; and since that time he has been an insurance agent, in which capacity he gives general satisfaction. He has been Justice of the Peace and Notary Public, and is the oldest resident Town¬ ship School Treasurer in White County, having now held that office uninterruptedly since 1865. He has also been presiding officer of four different lodges in Carmi which he has aided in organizing - Masonic, Good Templars, Knights of Pythias and Knights of Honor. In politics he is a zealous Republican.

Jan. 8, 1871, Mrs. Hay died, leaving six children, one of whom died three days afterward; namely, Clarence B. The other children were - James E., Amanthis E., Charles H., Eva T. (who died Oct. 26, 1882), and Thomas W., Jr. March 30, 1873, Mr. Hay mar¬ ried Mrs. Frances Leeds, daughter of John A. and Aurelia (Wat¬ ters) Morgan, at Mount Carmel, Ill. She is a member of the Christian church. Of the six children left of Mr. Hay's father's family only two are now living - T. W. and Mrs. Ann T. Talbutt, the latter also a resident of Carmi, whose sketch appears more in full elsewhere.

W. S. Hay , deceased, was born in Butler County, Ky., Feb. 18, 1812. He was a son of Dauiel Hay, who brought his family to this county when his children were quite small. W. S. Hay was raised upon a farm and received a common-school education. At the age of twelve he began carrying the mail between Carmi and Shawneetown, on horseback, a distance of thirty-five miles; this position he filled as punctually as ever a boy did any work, and won for himself when a mere boy a reputation through life. After carrying the mail several years on horseback he drove the stage over the same route. He opened a dry-goods store in New Haven when he was comparatively a young man. From New Haven he came to Carmi and engaged in the dry-goods business, together with pork packing and shipping. This he was engaged in some fifteen years, till the time of his death, which occurred Jan. 23, 1856.* In the year 1852 he built the Hay Block, which stands as a monument to his industry. Mr. Hay was married Ang. 21, 1851, to Mrs. Anna Gautier, wife of Ettinne Gautier, who died May 7, 1845. She married Mr. Gautier July 16, 1840. Mrs. Hay was a daughter of James S. and Mary (Wand) Hay, the father a Kentuckian by birth, the mother a native of Virginia, Mrs. Hay was born May 7, 1825, in Russellville, Ky. On the 1st of May, 1864, Mrs. Hay married W. H. Talbutt, of Kentucky. He was by avocation a farmer, but engaged in the hardware busi¬ ness in Owensboro, Ky., about four years previous to his death, which occurred March 30, 1876. Mrs. Hay'p son, William D. Hay, is now twenty-eight years of age. Is single and makes his home with his mother. Jessie Talbutt is sixteen years of age and is the comfort of her mother.

Philip Higdon, retired harness-maker and saddler, was born near Baltimore, Md. Wheu he was six months old his father moved to Bullitt County, Ky., and Philip lived there till he was nineteen, when he commenced to work on a flat-boat. He learned to be a pilot and piloted flat-boats and steamboats from Louisville, Ky., to New Orleans till 1834, when he had the yellow fever. After that he could not sit up nights and so had to change his business. He bound himself out to H. J. Craycroft, Mt. Washington, Ky., to learn the saddler and harness-maker's trade. After learning his trade he went to Bardstown, Ky., and worked a year for J. A. Obian. He carried on the saddler's business for Benjamin Doon & Son, of Bardstown, seveu years. He then went to Louisville, Ky., and worked five years for Charles Prall. He then went to Shelby County, Ky., and carried on the saddler and general mer¬ chandising business till 1S61. Being a Union man he had to leave that part of the country, and went to Louisville and remained till the war was over. He then returned to his farm in Shelby County, but remained only a year; went to Hancock, near Logansport, Ky., and bought what was known as the William Bush farm, paying $13,600 for it, but lost the whole as the deed was invalid. He then moved to Union County, Ky., near Caseyville, where he lived two years and then came to Carmi, where he still resides.

James Bradford Hinde was born in Chillicothe, Ohio, Nov. 2, 1816. When he was still very young, his father, Rev. Thos. S. Hinde, removed to Newport, Ky., where our subject's boyhood was spent. His father came to Illinois in an early day and laid out the town of Mt. Carmel. James B. finished his education at Augusta College, Ohio, graduating from the law department. He was Clerk of the Circuit at Columbus, O. He did not take up the practice of law until his removal to Mt. Carmel, about the year 1830. He afterward accepted a position as Cashier of the bank at Mt. Car¬ mel, which he held till 1842. The bank was suspended in that year, and he then filled the position of Teller of a bank at Galena. After a year spent here he. went into the commission business at

New Orleans. Failing in this occupation, he took the position of Deputy Clerk of Jefferson County, 111., where he remained till 1847. In that year he enlisted as a private in the Mexican war, in Company A, Second Regiment Illinois Volunteers, remaining till the end of the war. His health was seriously and permanently injured from this exposure. On his return he resumed again the practice of law at Albion. In 1852 he removed to Grayville, and in 1856 was elected Circuit Clerk in White County, which office he held twelve years. Failing health compelled him to retire from public life, and Dec. 6, 1876, he died at his home in Oarmi. He was a man who had many warm friends, and a large circle of acquaintances in the different communities in which he lived. He was gifted with rare powers of intellect, commanding at once the respect and attention of those with whom he came in con¬ tact. Mr. Hinde was married Jan. 7, 1840, at Grayville, White County, to Miss Edith A. Weed, daughter of Hugh N. and Sarah Weed, of Philadelphia, Penn.

Major Charles Houghteling was born in Chenango County, N. Y., Dec. 19, 1819. He was a son of Isaac Houghteling, a native of New York, a miller by trade. His death occurred in Illinois in 1849. His mother is living in Lenawee County, Mich., aged eighty-four years. Charles made his home with his father till 1843, when he came to Illinois, locating first in Fulton County, where he lived till 1845, engaged in manufacturing wagons and carriages. From here he moved to Ottawa, La Salle County, where he remained till 1846, when he enlisted in Company I, First Illinois Infantry, in the Mexican war. Remained in Mexico till near the close of the war, making about two years, serving one year over time. He held the position of private soldier, and did mechanical work when needed. Participated in the battle of Buena Vista. He returned to Ottawa in 1848, where he worked at his trade till the war of the Rebellion broke out, when he caught the scent of battle, and at once organized a battery of artillery and went onto the field as their Captain in April, 1861. After the battle of Stone River, he was promoted to the honored position of Major of artillery, and during the march with Sherman to the sea he was promoted to the position of Colonel. After the battle of Bentonville, March 19, 1865, he was promoted to the position of brevet Brigadier-General. After the battle of Stone River he was placed in chief command of the battery, where he served ten brigade Fourteenth Army Corps; participated in all the battles of that corps till the end of the war, which were hot, decisive and numerous. Again he returned to Ottawa, and remained till 1866, when he came to Southern Illinois; stopped at Ashley about five years, thence to Nashville, Ill., and stopped two years; thence to Cairo and stopped only one year. In May, 1874, he became a citizen of White County, where we find him filling the honored position of Postmaster, to which position he was appointed April 15, 1882. The Major was married in 1848 to Miss Fanny Ann Forbes, who is still living. They have two sons and four daugh¬ ters. The Major is a member of the Order of Odd Fellows and Freemasons and Knight Templars.

Benjamin JF. Howell was born in Adams County, Penn., June 27, 1826, and resided there till the fall of 1861, when he came to Carmi, White Co., Ill. He lived in Carini two years and then rented a farm for six years. Afterward bought eighty acres on section 21, and eighty on section 22. He was married in 1848 to Mary Jacobs, a native of Germany. They have nine children - Mary, Anna, Alice, Hetta, Benjamin, Charles, Elmer, Willie and Franklin. Mr. Howell votes the Democratic ticket.

John Hubele was born in White Count v, Ill., Aug. 26, 1855. His father, Philip Hubele, is a native of Baden, Germany, and came to America in 1852. He landed at New Orleans, and came at once to Grayville, this county; from there to Carmi, where lie lived a year and then bought a farm northwest of Carmi, where John was reared. He received his education in the old Graham school-house. In 1881 he came to Carmi, and clerked for his father in a grocery store, and in April, 18S2, he bought his father out, and is now doing a good business in the grocery line. He keeps a full line of staple and fancy groceries. lie was married April 27, 1882, to Kate Rhienwald, daughter of John and Sophie Rliienwald, who came to America from Germany in 1853. She was born in Burnt Prairie Township, May 14, 1860. Mr. Hub¬ ele is a Republican in his political views. He is a member of Lodge No. 189, I. O. O. F., Carmi, Ill. Mrs. Hubele is a member of the German Albright church in Carmi.

George W. Hughes was born in Tennessee, Nov. 27, 1829. He came with his father to Illinois, going first to Gallatin County, where they remained six months, and then came to White County, where he has since resided. His father died in 1866, and his mother in 1872. Mr. Hughes was married July 27, 1854, to Lu-

William D. Hutchison was born in Posey County, Ind., Jan. 18, 1844. His father was also a native of Indiana. His mother was a native of England, and came to America when quite young. William D. was the oldest of their five children. He was mar¬ ried in April, 1866, to Elizabeth Tarrant, who was born in Ken¬ tucky in 1846. They have two children - Charles F., born Nov. 2, 1872, and Ada E., bom Aug. 11, 1880. He owns eighty acres of good land on section 5, Carmi Township. Politically he is a Republican.

Henry H. Hust was born in White County, Ill., Feb. 8, 1851. His father, Isaac Hust, was born in Virginia in 1799, and came to White County when twelve years of age. He made this his home with the exception of three years spent in Tennessee, till his death. He died in this county Oct. 22, 1879. His mother was a native of Kentucky, born Feb. 6, 1812, and died in this county in May, 1865. They had a family of four children, Henry H. being the only one living. He lived at home till he was fifteen years of age, when he went to work as a farm hand summers and attended school in Carmi winters, paying his board by assisting a man in his store nights and mornings and Saturdays. This continued two years, and he accepted a position as salesman in a store, which he filled two years. He was then employed as salesman for James Fackney six years. He then engaged in the confectionery business alone a year, when he sold out and bought the ground and built the large livery stable where he is at the present time. He keeps heavy teams for doing heavy hauling, employing one hand. He also has feed for sale. His partner is John Griffin. He was married Dec. 4, 1873, to Susie, daughter of Nathaniel Graham, formerly of White County. They have three children - Clara, aged eight years; Maud, six years, and Viola, eleven months. He is a member of the Royal Templars of Temperance, and the Knights of Honor.

Anna E. (McDonald) Ivey, was a native of Edgefield District, S. O* They were married in Alabama. To them were born four chil¬ dren, two dying in infancy. William Lafayette was born in 1849 and died in 1861, in Alabama. D. M. went to St. Louis in 1872 and remained till 1875, engaged in a general commission business. In 1875 he came to Oarmi, where he has been buying and selling grain. July 1, 1882, he became a partner in the milling business with George L. Staley, under the firm name of George L. Staley & Ivey. He was married Dec. 19, 1872, to Ida Foster, a native of Alabama. She is a member of the Centenary Methodist Episcopal Church, St. Louis. Mr. Ivey is a member of the A. F. & A. M.

Martha Jarrdl was born in White County, Ill., March 20, 1834. Her parents, John and Elinor (Gott) Phipps were natives of Ken¬ tucky, and came to White County in 1820, where they lived until their deaths. Mr. Phipps died Jan. 15, 1853, and Mrs. Phipps in 1868, leaving eleven children, two boys and nine girls, Martha being the sixth child. She married John C. Jarrell, Jan. 13, 1861. He was born in North Carolina, June 21, 1812, and came to Illinois in 1830. He died Nov. 9, 1878, leaving five children - George H., born Nov. 13, 1861; Eva, Nov. 9, 1863; Florence, Nov. 13, 1865; Bell, June 16, 1868; Mark, Feb. 3, 1872. Mrs. Jarrell has 196 acres of fine land on section 18, Carmi Township. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church.

Richard Jessup , born three miles north of Fairfield, Wayne Co., Ill., July 18, 1823, was a son of James and Margaret (Young) Jessup. His father was a native of England, a woolen manufact¬ urer and weaver by trade, who came to the United States in 1819, and worked at his trade here till his death in 1837. His mother was a native of Kentucky. She lived to care for her family of nine children several years after the death of her husband, her death occurring in 1844. Richard being the oldest child, the great burden of providing for the family fell on him. He was but four¬ teen years of age when his father died, but he took up the duty of assisting his mother in the care of the younger children manfully, even though it deprived him of an education. After the death of his mother the family of course scattered, but Richard kept a younger brother and sister, not only providing for them a home, but furnishing the means of an education. Mr. Jessup can well be termed one of the finest millwrights and master-mechanics in the State. He is a natural mechanic, never having served an ap¬ prenticeship. When a boy he readily acquired the use of tools, and having a powerful mathematical and calculating mind was soon recognized as a leader among mechanics. He never takes pencil and paper to figure out the lengths, sizes and amount of timber required to construct the largest mill or building of any kind, but can readily plan it in his mind, and has never yet missed a calculation of the slightest matter. His mathematical powers are known far beyond the limits of this State, as he has been called to do work in Tennessee, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Indiana. Although fifty-nine years of age he is as active a workman to-day as ever, and as accurate in every respect. The coming winter will find him on a sp job. Mr. Jessup was married in 1847, to Mary Jane Wilcox. She died in 1856, leaving three children, two still living - James and William, residing near Springfield, Ohio, bridge-builders by trade. Zebra A. died in 1873, aged nineteen. Mr. Jessup was married in 1858 to Maria Perryman. They have four children - Edith A., John B., Richard A., and Margaret E., aged twenty-one, seventeen, thir¬ teen and ten, respectively. Mr. Jessup is a member of the Order of Freemasons. He has always been a man of great energy, and has by his industry provided well for his declining years. Mrs. Jessup's parents were John and Elizabeth (Henderson) Perryman, natives of Tennessee and Yirginia. They came from White County, Tenn., to White County, Ill., in 1824. They had a family of nine children - Mary, Martha, William, Elizabeth, Caroline, Annie, Jane, Maria and Alexander. Mrs. Jessup is the only one living. Mr. Perryman died in 1868, in his sixty-eighth j*ear. His wife died three years later in her sixty-eighth year. They were both members of the Methodist church and died strong in the faith of her doctrines. Their farm is six miles southwest of Carmi, now known as the Sherman farm. In front of the house, which is a fine two-story building, are two yellow spruce pines, planted by Mr. Perryman in 1830, the year of Mrs. Jessup's birth. A fine chestnut grove also stands as a monument of Mr. Perryman's in¬ dustry, planted the same year. The three youngest children were born on this homestead, and here the father and mother died. Mrs. Jessup is a member of the Presbyterian church, joining that church in 1863.

Samuel R . Jones was born in Posey County, Ind., Nov. li, 1820. His father, Wilson Jones, was born in Christian Connty, Ky., Jan. 6, 1793, and went to Posey Connty, Ind., April 6, 1805, where he resided until his death (which occurred Jan. 6, 1853, it being his sixtieth birthday), with the exception of five years spent in Wayne County, Ill. His mother was also a native of Ken¬ tucky, born in Muhlenburg County, Feb. 25,1797. They were married March 25, 1815, in Posey County, Tnd., and had a family of fifteen children, fourteen of whom lived to man and womanhood. Samuel R. was the fourth child. He was married Aug. 15, 1841, to Mary Barton, a native of Posey County, Ind., born June 10, 1819. They have four children - Mary Jane, now Mrs. John M. Brown; Elizabeth, now Mrs. Lewis Shawberger; Benj. F., born Dec. 31, 1850; William R, born Sept. 15, 1853. They are mem¬ bers of the Baptist church. He votes the Republican ticket. He owns 160 acres of good land on section 5, town 5, range 9.

T. M. Kemey was born in Carini, White County, Ill., Feb. 10, 1841. His father, Thomas Kemey, was a native of Buckley County, W. Va., born March 30, 1802, and emigrated to Ken¬ tucky in 1816. His mother, Sarah F. (Webb) Kerney, was born in Clark County, Ky., in 1808. They were married Nov. 24, 1834, and came to White County. When he came to Carmi he engaged in the mercantile business. At that time he was one of the first merchants in the place. He was also an extensive pork shipper, buying in Wayne, Gallatin, Saline, Hamilton, Edwards, Wabash and White counties. He continued in this business till 1841, a part of the time in company with Colonel Davidson. He made Carmi his home till his death, June 30, 1879. His wife died Sept. 15, 1873. They have two children living, a son and daugh¬ ter. The daughter, Mary J., married J. P. Morris, of Ohio, now a resident of Denver, Col., engaged in the railroad and express busi¬ ness. T. W. made his home with his father till the latter's death. He commenced to work for himself when eighteen years of age by clerking, which he followed two years, teaching a term of school in the meantime. Aug. 15, 1862, he enlisted in Company F, Eightyseventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry, afterward mounted. He served three years; was discharged July 3, 1865. He was in the various engagements of the regiment. He was detached as clerk in the Quartermaster's Department part of the time, and acted as Sergeant-Major a long time. While in the army he contracted a disease of the eyes that almost resulted in the loss of his sight. They were quite an annoyance for nine years, and the left eye still shows signs of soreness. After his return home he engaged as clerk in connection with farming. This continued till March, 1880, when, in company with J. H. Boyer, he bought an entire new stock of groceries. They carried on thi6 business together about two years when Mr. Kerney sold out to his partner, and spent the following summer visiting in Kentucky and Denver, Col. He is a member of the Masonic order.

John H \ Kronmiller was bom in Baden, Germany, Oct. 16, 1846, and came to America in 1870, landing in New York. He came at once to Olney, 111. ; he then went to Sumner, Ill., and re¬ mained one year, working at the blacksmith's trade. He then went to Mt. Carmel, and worked at his trade six months; then to Olney and worked three months. In 1872 he came to Carmi, where he has been carrying on the smith and wagon work till the present time. He was married June 15, *1872, to Catherine Hooverly, who was born on the ocean while her parents were crossing from Ger¬ many in 1853. They have five children - William, Charles, George, Henry and Emma. He belongs to the German Methodist church. Politically he is a Republican.

Henry Martin was bom in County Derry, Ireland, in the springof 1832, and came to America in June, 1836, landing at Charleston, S. 0., and going from thereto Chester, S. C., where he lived till Nov. 8, 1853, when he came to White County, where he has been engaged principally in farming. He owns 112 acres of good land on section 19, Carmi Township. He was married Aug. 13, 1857, to Hattie R. Logan, who was born in White County, Jan. 26, 1832. They have six children - John G., born Oct. 5, 1858; Rachel M., March 25, 1861; Gilbert G., Aug. 2, 1863; Hettie Mar¬ garet, Feb. 26, 1868; Sarah A., Sept. 23, 1870; Francis W., Aug. 5, 1873. Mr. Martin has a silver medal that was given to his father in memory of another son, James, who was a soldier in the Mex¬ ican war, and died in Pueblo, Mexico, on his way with General Scott to take the city of Mexico. It bears a beautiful inscription of the Palmetto State, with the name of James Martin and the Palmetto regiments. Each of the privates received a silver medal, and each officer a gold one for their bravery. Mr. Martin has always voted the Democratic ticket. He is a member of the Uni¬ ted Presbyterian church.

Robert D. McCracken was born in New Madrid, Mo., March 31, 1834, where he lived till he was nine years old. His father, James McCracken, was a native of Ireland, and died in New Madrid in 1842. After his father's death Robert went to Johnson County, Ind., where he lived till he was twenty-five years old. In 1859 he went to New Orleans, and remained till 1S60, when he returned to Indiana and enlisted in the First Indiana Cavalry; was Second Lieutenant of Company B. He was in ten regular engagements and forty-one skirmishes. He resigned at Pine Bluff, Ark., Dec. 15, 1864, having served three years and five months, and returned to Knox County, Ind. He was married Oct. 10, 1867, to Mary Mirick, a native of Gibson County, Ind., born in 1847. She died Feb. 26, 1870. Dec. 15, 1871, he married Ella Mirick, born in 1849. They have three children - Robert, Fred and Ellie. Mr. McCracken is a member of Lodge No. 189, I. O. O. F., and the Knights of Honor. Politically he is a Republican, voting as he shot during the Rebellion.

George M. McHenry, M . D ., born about two miles east of Carmi, White Co., Ill., April 15, 1849, is a son of M. G. and Lu¬ cinda B. (Stokes) McHenry, natives of Kentucky. His father came to this county when a child and resided here till his death in 1878. His mother is still living, aged seventy-three years. Dr. McHenry remained at home till he was twenty-one years of age, when he went to the Indiana State University at Bloomington, and remained two years. He then returned home and studied medicine with Dr. Stewart two years; then attended a two years* course at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Penn., graduat¬ ing there in 1873. He at once returned to Carmi and engaged in the practice of medicine, in which profession he is very success¬ ful. He was married Oct. 15, 1873, to Miss lone Gile. They have two children - Pearl, aged six years, and Mataline, aged four.

Chdrles C. Meckel was born in Marburg, Germany, May 26, 1850, and came to America in 1867, landing in New York. He went to Philadelphia and lived six years. Sept 1, 1873, he en¬ listed in the Fifth United States Cavalry and served five years. During that time he went from New York to San Francisco, Ari¬ zona, Mexico, Texas, Montana, Dakota, Kansas, Indian Territory, etc., fighting the Indians. He was discharged Sept. 1, 1878, at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyoming Territory. He went back to Eu¬ rope and remained with his parents nine months; then came back and lived in Evansville, Ind., nine months, and in 1879 came to Carmi, Ill., where he has since resided. He clerked forF. Beker eighteen months, and for G. Weideman eighteen months. He is now with John Hava. He was married Jan. 28, 1880, to M. Be¬ ker. They have no children. Mr. Meckel is a member of the Lutheran church. Politically he is a Democrat

He was a son of Abram C. Miller who emigrated from Kentucky in 1814 with his father when he was but one year of age. Here he made his home till his death, which was in March, 1851. James Miller spent his boyhood days on the farm, and, in fact, till he was about thirty-eight or thirty-nine years of age, when he moved to Garmi and engaged in a private banking business, which avocation we find him successfully engaged in. In August, 1862, he en¬ listed in Company C, Eighty-seventh Illinois Infantry. At the ex¬ piration of one year he was promoted to the office of Captain. This position he held about one year when he resigned hie position and returned home. He participated in the siege of Vicksburg and taking of Jackson, the capital of Mississippi, besides many other sharp engagements. Mr. Miller is one of the few men who started without help in life and has been eminently successful, and now, besides having an abundance of capital to run his business, he owns several of White County's finest farms, consisting of about 1,000 acres, showing his remarkable business ability as a financier. Mr. Miller was married in October, 1854, to Miss Harriet Stevens who is still living, though in poor health. They have only one child living - Laura, married to George Barns, of Gibson County, Ind.

TP. A . Minick, M . D.y homeopathist, was born in Blackford County, Ind., Oct. 28, 1853. He was a son of S. C. Minick, a minister in the New Light faith. He died Sept. 11, 1879. Dr. Minick commenced working for himself and supporting his father's family at about the age of seventeen by engaging in school-teach¬ ing, which avocation he pursued about nine years. At the same time carried on his medical studies. Dr. Minick studied medicine under the instructions of his brother, J. M. Minick. He attended lectures at the Kentucky School of Medicine, and graduated in the spring of 1881. He commenced the practice of medicine in Boonville, Ind., in the spring of 1881, where he practiced about one year, when he came to Carmi and commenced practicing. Dr. Minick was married Sept. 11, 1881, to Mies Bertha G. McKinney, a native of Newburg, Ind. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias and Odd Fellows.

Thomas Morris was born in Maryland in 1822, where he resided till 1846, when he removed to Missouri and lived two years; then went to Posey County, Ind., and remained till 1872, when he came to White County, going first to Grayville where he lived nine years. In 1882 he bought forty acres on section 16, where he now resides.

He has always been engaged in farming. He was married Feb. 12, 1853, to Nancy E. Burrell, a native of White County, born Nov. 30, 1835. They are the parents of six children, five living - Will¬ iam, born Jan. 13, 1855; Mary E., May 7, 1857; Thomas and Edward, Dec. 1, 1859 (Edward died Sept. 27, 1860); Nancy, Dec. 9, 1861; Emily, Jan. 3, 1864. Their children were all born in Posey County, Ind. Mrs. Morris's father, Joseph Burrell, was born in Evansville, Yanderburg Co., Ind., March 27, 1807, and came to what is now White County, Ill., in 1811, when there were no counties here. Illinois was a Territory at that time; was not admitted to the Union as a State till six years later. He is one of the pioneers of White County, and has continued to make it his home, with the exception of one year spent in Indiana, to the present time. At the time he came here buffalo, deer, elk and Indians were plenty. He once killed five deer before breakfast. He was married in 1833 to Polly Ann Wright, a native of White County, born in 1820. She died in 1867 leaving one child - Polly, now Mrs. Thomas Morris, lie then married Sarah Robinson, who died. He was married a third time to Mary Reynolds. She died, and he was married to Mary Ruford. She died, and a fifth time he was married. His wife died about ten years ago.