Elkhart County, Indiana - Topographical and Industrial, 1881 (part 8 of 11)

Weaver. The family resided on a farm in Ohio, and emis^rated to- Elkhart county, Ind., when Mr. Weaver was six years of age, settling in Olive tp. At 16 Mr. Weaver entered the drug store of Hill & Miller, Elkhart, and continued iu their employ three years. He afterward spent a year in Toledo, and some time in other places, still continuing in the drug trade. He purchased the drug businessand stock that he now owns about three years ago, and has been in the business since. Keeps a full line of drugs and goods in his line, has a fine position on Main street, and enjoys a thriving trade.

Chester TTen^zt'o/'^A, dairyman, Elkhaj-t, was born in Hamilton, N. Y., Jan. li, 1821, and is a son of Burl and Rebecca Wentworth. He was reared on a farm and was educated in the common schools. At the age of 16 he went as an apprentice in the blacksmith shop. Dec. 28, 1S4S, he married Miss Sallie M. Owen, who was born in Lebanon county, jS". Y., Feb. 26, 1S30; she was a daughter of Stephen and Mary Owen, also natives of New York. They have had 2 children, Jennie E. (now Mrs. Edward B. Smith), of Elkhart, and Orin C, in Chicago. Mr. W. followed dairying in Smyrna, N. Y., for some 10 years, then went to Boone county. 111., where he pursued the same vocation, and in 1871 he came to this county. He is located one-half mile south of Elkhart. He keeps 31 cows and supplies a portion of the city of Elkhart with milk.

Jacob Werts, after a long and toilsome life of labor, has passed into retirement. He lii-st saw the brightness of the sun Jan. IS, 1815, in the county of Berks, Pa. His parents, John and Mary Wertz, lived to a good old age. He was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools. In 1854 he went to Berrien count}', Midi., and in 1857 he came to this county, where he has since resided. He married Oct. 19, 1849, Sarah Dubbs, by whom he had 9 children; 1 is deceased. The following are the living: Susanna (now Mrs. Stephen Orney), Eli, Elizabeth (now Mrs. Sam'l Stroup), Samuel, John, Sarah (now Mrs. Alfred Trump), Frank and Milton. Mr. Wertz owns a farm of 88 acres, in sec. 13. In politics he is a Bepublican.

Aaron Work was born in Fairfield county, Ohio, May 26, 1837, and is a son of i^bel E. Work, a native of the same place, and born on the same farm. He was reared on a farm and educated in the common school and at Crawfordsville, Ind. He came with his parents to Middlebury tp. in 1842, and settled on a farm where the father still resides. He was married in 1866 to Miss Amanda Walmer, daughter of John Walmer, of Middlebury tp. They have 3 children, Luetta M., George E. and John C. Mr. Work removed to Elkhart in 1S67, and in 1869 engaged in the grocery business, which he continued three years, when he abandoned it on account of failing health. He engaged in the sale of lime, cement, coal, etc., 1873-'5, and has now resumed the same business and has a good trade. Mr. Work also owns stock in the Elkhart Tissue- Paper Mills. He has recently erected a fine brick residence on Hiijh street.

Dr. James A. Worh was boni in Middlebury tp., this county, Feb. 15, ISio, and is a son ol Everett "Work, a native of Fairfield county, who settled in this county in an early day. The Doctor was brought up on a farm, and received his early education in the common school; but later he attended the Lagrange Collegiate Institute, and also a select school in Goshen. He then read medicine, and in 1866 attended a course of lectures at the Ann Arbor Medical College, and in lS69-'70 attended another course, graduating at that institution in March, 1S70. In April of the same year he located in Elkhart and began the practice of his chosen profession. lie has built up a good practice, and has won the confidence of the people. He makes diseases of women and children a specialty. He was married Oct. 10, 1872, to Miss Emma Bartholomew, by whom he has 4 children: Lyda E., Henry E., Madge M. and E,uth. Both the Doctor and Mrs. Work are members of the Presbyterian Church. He is a member of the Elkhart City Board of Health, and also a member of the Elkhart County Medical Association, and of the St. Joseph Valley Medical Association. ]^ot only has the Doctor won the confidence of the people, but he stands high in the medical profession. He has, since locating in Elkhart, represented the county four years in the American Medical Association. In politics he is an uncompromising Democrat.

Henry C. Wright, lumber merchant, of Elkhart, was born in Whitehall, Washington county, iST. T., Sept. 2, 1832, and is a son of Daniel S. and Lucy A. (Wadhams) Wright, the former a native of Shoreham, Vt., and the latter of Wadhams' Mills, Essex county. Mr. Wright received his education at St. Lawrence University, Pottsdam, Vt., where he graduated in 18i9. He clerked in the Collector's office in Whitehall for three years; he then clerked in his father's drug store for some time, and also " stayed" in a grocery a short time. During the winter of 1857-'8, he was Librarian for the jSTew York Legislature. In the spring of 1858 he went to St. Louis, Mo., and the following autumn to Rantoul, Champaign county. 111., where he kept a general store until 1861. He then entered the army in Co. I, 25th Peg. 111. Vol. Inf., and was made Regimental Quartermaster, with the rank of First Lieutenant. He participated in the battles of Pea Pidge, Stone River, Mission Ridge, Pesaca, Altoona, Atlanta and others. He was married in 1857 to Miss Marion Hendricks, a native of Amsterdam, xvT. Y., and daughter of John P. Hendricks. This union has been blessed with 5 children: Ella F., Mary E., Ernest, Lucy W. and Victor. Mr. Wright moved to Battle Creek, Mich., in 1865, and to Kalamazoo in 1868. He remained there two years, when he removed to Elkhart, Mr. W., however, having come the fall previous and established a business in the lumber trade. He now owns a large lumber yard there, and is doing a good business. He was Mayor of the city in 1876, and was a member of the Board of Corporation Trustees of Elkhart prior to the city organization.

Jaooh Zook is a native of Chester county, Pa., and was born Oct. 19, 1824. His parents were Abraham and Elizabeth Zook, natives of Fa. He was reared on a farm and educated in a common school in his native county. In December, 185.5, he came to La Porte, Ind., where he superintended the manufacture of agricultural implements for Jervis & Go. for one year. He then, the next day after Buchanan was elected President, entered into the emplo}^ of the Michigan Southern Railroad Company, and has remained in their employ to the present time. He came to Elkhart in 1871, when the railroad shops were removed from La Porte to this place. He is foreman in the pattern shops. He went back East in 1856, and at Cape May, JN''. J., that year, married Miss Caroline Meach, a native of Berkshire county, Mass. They have had 4 children, of whom 3 are living, viz., George, Grace and Mary. Mr. Zook was City Surveyor in La Porte, and was a member of the Elkhart Board of Education one year. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity.

This township, though not so extensive as it was 50 years ago, contains 5,i31 people, of whom 3,968 reside at the conntj seat. "We have seen in the county history how the first Board of Justices divided the new district into the townships of Elkhart and Concord. Here it will only be necessary to note its topography, the names of men connected with its early history, and review its progress.

The face of the country is undulating and rather hilly toward the north. It is watered by the Elkhart river, which enters the township near Latta's line in section 34; by Kock run, a purely Elkhartian stream, and by Turkey creek, which enters at section 33, and forms a junction with the Elkhart near Waterford village. In sections 2 and 3 are two small lakes or ponds. The hydraulic canal receives the waters of tJie Elkhart river in section 24, one mile and one-half along its course south of the city of Goshen. Elkhart river forms the western limit of the city. The forests of the district are valuable, and occupy a large area.

The drift soil or sandy loam that now takes the place of the great inland seas, which a few centuries ago spi-ead over our prairies, and even occupied that place on which nature has planted her sand hills and her forests, yields up a mine of agricultural wealth and bestows comparative peace and competence upon hundreds of industrious farmers, and helps to render the trade of towns and villages prosperous. The privileges given to the people of this township by nature itself cannot be overestimated - a rich alluvial soil, beautiful rivers and streams, thrifty forests of the most valuable trees, and a climate genial and comparatively liealthy - all, all tend to prove the existence of a favored tract, where the best energies of man may be expended with pleasure and profit to himself and good results to the nation.

Elias Eiggs and William Simpson may be named as the first settlers in the township. Mrs. Susan ISTickerson, better known as Mrs. "Wogoman, was here in June, 1828; John B. Gripe in March, 1829; Balser Hess and his brothers, William Felkner, Solomon Hockert, Major Yiolett, and John H. Yiolett, the first white male 52 (881) child born in the township, ITov. 22, 1829, were actual settlers before the close of that year, - the Frier brothers, Pearman, Peppenger, Irwin, Carpenter, Beck, Meddill, Sparklin, Bishop, Latta, John Inks, Stutsman, Blair, Cook, Jacob F. Gripe, Daniel Cripe^ Stanifer, McConnell, E. Felton and Thomas Thomas, together with many whose names appear in the sketch of Goshen City.

The honest blacksmith ot the settlement was Joseph Knox. It is unnecessary to describe that old forge; it looked as delicate as a toy house, and like a match, would light np and fall into ashes in a few minutes. However, Knox did his work well and took his equal part in building up the country.

The first preacher among the white settlers was Rev. E. Felton. Azel Sparklin was also a preacher and class-leader, both introducing the doctrine of the Methodist Church.

The first marriage in the township was that of Eve Hess and Jacob Weybright. It was celebrated with unusual eclat, and the young couple enjoyed the friendship of the community ever afterward.

The first baptisms among the white settlers were those of Staufier and McConnell in 1830. This is so stated, but yet there are many circumstantial evidences of such introductions to Christianity having been previously made.

The first school was taught by Mr. Potts in a grotesque little cabin on Elkhart Prairie, known as the Wilkinson Lake School, commonly called "The University" by some newspaper men of the St. Joseph valley. The young Friers, Sparklins, Blairs, Thompsons and Dr. Jackson claimed this humble school as their alma mater. It, too, took a great part in building up the township.

The township school-houses are all substantial brick structures, and are valued at $12,000. Few, if any, of the children of the township are unable to read; but the prevalence of a total ignorance of the language of "Webster, and its written signs, is sadlyapparent among the ranks of the aged and their immediate juniors. This ignorance of American letters is, in some cases, attended with a want of sympathy with the institutions of the Eepublic; however, the influence of the unsophisticated is so very limited that very little evil can result from their ignorance. On the contrary, the disadvantages under which they labor urge on their children to industr}^ and study, and thus a great misfortune leads to a great good. It is a case of light from obscurity'.

In 1S80 there were nine school-houses in Elkhart township, all brick, of which the value was $12,000; value of school apparatus, $150; special school tax, four cents per $100, besides 25 cents special tax on each poll; total estimate of special school tax, $500; local tax for tuition assessed on each poll, 25 cents; number of volumes in library, 327; number taken out during the year, 87; number township institutes in 1880, 6; as to revenue for tuition, the amount on hand Sept. 1, 1879, $932.71; amount received in February, $849.27; amount received in June, $1,000.98; miscellaneous receipts, $217.13; total, $3,000.09; amount expended during the year ending Sept. 1, 1880, $2.,014.70; amount on hand Sept. 1, 1880, $985.39; amount of special revenue on hand Sept. ], 1879, $932.07; amount received during the year, $1,160.22; amount expended during the year, $1,136.75, leaving a balance on hand of $955.54. There were 229 male pupils admitted to the school during the year, and 190 female; average daily attendance of all children, 302; average length of school taught within the year, 140 days; there were nine male teachers employed and seven female, the average wages of the former being $1.96 per day, and of the latter, $1.51f. There is one district graded school in the township.

Church

The German Baptist (Dunkard) Church of Elkhart township, was organized in 1834. The first members were David Cripe and wife, John Miller, Martin Weybright, John Gripe, Samuel Gripe, Elizabeth Stutzman, John Woolsey and wife, and Jacob Cripe, Sen. The society grew gradually in numbers by the accession of settlers who came into the township. The meeting-house was erected on section 8 about 22 years ago. Jacob Studebaiser, Daniel B. Studebaker, Jacob Leer, Andrew Bigler, have been preacliers to the Cliurch, and Moses Hess is the present pastor.

City Of Goshen

The liistory of this city and the township to which it belongs is SO peculiarly identified with that of the county, that many subjects pertaining specially to Goshen have been noticed in the second part of this work, which is devoted to the county history. There the survey of the original tovvn plat by George Crawford and the subsequent sale of many of the lots by Oliver Crane in July, 1831, is recorded. The original plat contained 301 lots; but from time to time the village extended its boundaries until toward the close of the first half of the century no less than 96i lots were built upon, and left about 100 in the market. Those additions comprised Allbright's, containing 36 lots; E. M. Chamberlain's, lU; Walsh's, 5; Purl's, 35; McAllister's, 9; Freeman and Hattel's, 5; Wilson and Beyerle's, 32; Kendig's, 18; Hahn's, 13; Eowell's, 22; Mayfield's, 17; Wilson & Bartholomey's, 44; Mercer, Latta and Copeland's, 183; Wm. Crane's, 127; Oliver Crane's, 50; J. II. Barnes', 160; L. Mercer's, 51; and Wilson and Hawk's, 44. Those valuable little town sections have passed in great part frona the hands of the original owners into those of over 900 householders, and the tract, once a prosperous hunting ground of the red man, has been converted into one of the neatest little cities in the union. The streets are yery regular, and with the exception of that portion of Main and Market streets devoted to business houses, give place to a double line of thrifty shade trees; while ranked on either side are the neat, and in many instances, magnificent, residences of the people. The roadways are graded, the sidewalks broad and in good order, and the utmost effort of good taste displayed everywhere.

The first house erected on the town plat was erected by William Bissell at the corner of Sixth and Washington streets, where the Baptist church is now located. Dr. King built the second house. Singer constructed the first frame building in 1S31, and eight years later E. N. Chamberlain builta brick structure of quite a pretentious character.

yet it was quite in keeping with the enterprise of the period. John Carpenter erected this mill in 1831, but found a competition the same year a short distance up the stream. In 1835-'36 the patronage formerly extended to these little milling establishments was transferred to the "Waterford mill, erected by Elias Baker in 1835. His interest in this concern was purchased immediately after by Hawks Brothers, and thus the manufacturing era was entered upon in the township.

Isaac Hagle, Dr. Kling, Wm. P. Hagle, Wm. Chance, Peter L. Runyan, Charles Irwin, Wm. K. Beck, Thomas Thomas, W. A. Thomas, Levi Beck, Henry Duseubury, John Powers, John Jenks, Phillip Matthews, Wm. Barbee, T. Morrison, S. O. R. Harris, Wra. Kellison, Mahlon Davis, Samuel T. Young and Major J. W. Violett. Wm. Bissell died within a short time after he erected his house; the progressive character of those early settlers who survived him is to-day evidenced in the beautiful little cit}' they have added to the union.

McCord, Wm. Barbee, John Cook, James Cook, J. H. Defrees, James S. Defrees, S. 0. R. Harris, J. Barnes, F. A. and L. G. Harris, John Winder, Jackson & Eitzpatrick, Ruck & Gregory. Henry Davis and Jacob Studebaker were the first building contractors, having erected the old court-house at a cost of $4,500.

Among the mercantile and professional men in that locality, in 1837, were Barnes & Defrees, Harris & Co., Barbee & Gilmore, merchants; Abner Stilson, jeweler; P. K. & J. R. Price, saddlers; Steward & Garner, tailors; D. Parrett, furniture dealer, with W. H. Rector and the Defrees Brothers, merchants of Benton. Dr. SA. Latta, Attorneys Cooper and Jernegan, Editors Murray and Defrees represented the professions.

A. club known as the ''Elkhart Hickory Club" was organized at Goshen Nov. 25, 1843, with George Tajlor, President; Henrj "White and Patrick Higgiu, Vice-Presidents, withH. B. Defrance and E. W. H. Ellis as Secretaries. It had for its object the promotion of Democratic interests, and boasted of an influential roster.

Members of the Goshen Lyceum assembled in regular meeting February, 184:1, and passed the following resolution: "That it is right and expedient for Congress to abolish slavery in the District of Columbia." This Lyceum has rendered much good to the people. An essay on '- iSTational Characteristics," by John W. Irwin, read before that institute in January, 1874, was very accurate, very extensive, and so arranged as to fully elucidate his subject.

Cemetery

On Aug. 21, 1S46, the old graveyard, as it was then termed, was surveyed and staked oft' into lots. The ground was heavily timbered then, and the " two acres " unfenced, but since, owing to the salutary action of the old journalists of the town of Goshen and the hearty co-operation of the people, it has been turned into a beautiful home for the dead; and the prophetic language of the journalism of the period has become a reality. '- Years hence," said the editor of the Democrat, " it may be, when we, who are now busy on the stage of life, shall be slumbering there in our narrow homes; those who bear our names and who are bound to us by ties of consanguinity, may come to drop a tear over our silent resting place, to exalt our virtues, and draw the mantle of charity around our frailties." The first house-builder on tlie site of the village of Goshen was Wm. Bissell, who, dying in 1831, was buried on the banks of Koek Run, now north of the railroad, not very distant from Oak Kidge. The record of burials has been fairly kept from 1836 to 1860, during which time 100 persons were buried there. From 1860 to 1378 there is no record; but from 1878 to ISSO it is complete and shows the interment of 156 persons.

Miscellaneous

The Goshen chalybeate springs have been referred to by State Geologist Cox and Editor H. J. Beyerle. The former gives the properties of the water, while the latter points them out as sources of health to the people generally, and of wealth to the enterprising man who would improve the immediate neighborhood and render the approaches to the springs fit for traffic. The chemical analysis of the water is as follows: Solid matter, per ten pounds, 23. S grains, composed of bicarbonate of lime, bicarb, of magnesia, bicarb, of iron, chloride of sodium, sulphate of soda, sulphate of lime and sulphate of magnesia. The water varies little in taste from that produced by the artesian well in Central Park, Chicago, but evidently is of higher gravity.

Twenty years after the village was first settled the population was 7S0, including 11 colored persons. Ten years later, in 1860, the number increased to 2,053; in 1870 it was 3,133, and in 188 0 it reached about 3,968, with every prospect of advancing, for years to come, in the same ratio.

The advent of the Air Line of the Michigan Southern, and the subsequent completion of the Cincinnati, Wabash & Michigan railroad, in 1870-'4, with its northern terminus at Goshen, aided materially in rendering the progress of the city remarkable.

July 22, 1856, 20 lots were vacated by order of the Commissioners, and in acquiescence with the prayer of a petition, presented on behalf of the Michigan Southern & Northern Indiana Railroad Company, asking for a right of way.

June, 1858, a rain storm swept over the county which did much damage to buildings and crops. The Hawk's block in the town of Goslien sufi^ered most, the tornado causing the abutments to give way.

During the progress of excavating the foundation for Beyerle's block, on Main street, in April, 1875, a Spanish coin, under date 1775, was found.

Organization Of The Village

Chamberlain, Clerk of Election, when the following votes were recorded for each of the trustees: John Cook, 37; D. Parrett, 33; Abner Stilson, Jr., 35; A. Galen tine, 35; J. S. Kayme, 31. These trustees and their successors administered the government of the village until 185i, when it was incorporated as a town. The action of the villagers of that period was salutary. I^Teither premature nor late, Goshen was exalted at the precise time that circumstances called for reform in municipal government, and it may, perhaps, be said, that to the well-timed action of the people in this matter much of this prosperity is due.

Voting On The Question Of The Day

June 7, 1S54. M. M. Latta, Jos. II. Defrees, Samuel Geisinger, C. S. Ilascall, James H. Barnes and D. M. Henkel pi-esented a petition to the Board defining the limits of a town, and asking that it be incorporated under the name of Goshen, the commissioners appointed the 2Sth of June for an election. This appeal to the people resulted in a total vote of 102, 97 votes being recorded in favor of incorporation, -i in opposition, and 1 not counted'. The following names appeared upon the voters' list: John Hunt, A. A. Norton, T. L. Wilbarger, C. K. Hoops, George W. Myers, T. L. Powell, A. B. Grubb, James Blair, B. A. Grubb, Erwin Vinson, Eb. Raymond, John Gortner, Thomas Todd, L. H. Noble, F. Yoiral, S. E. Davis, Jos. Lauferty, Jr., J. D. Devor, Joseph Ashbrook, Michael Weybright, Joseph Silver, W. A. Thomas, C. S. Hascall, Hiram Whittaker, A. L. Hubbel, M. M. Latta, A. C. Jackson, F. M. Denny, B. G. Crary, Norman Teal, A. P. Frink, S. C. Brainard, J. W. Irwin, Michael Murry, Sam. Bottomfelt, Smith Chamberlain, Elias Gortner, W. L. Bivins, G. W. Richards, G. W. Fosdick, Leander Sherwin, S. Geisinger, Henry Cook, J. L. Crary, W. "W. McVitty, Melvin Hascall, F. Jackson, William Bean, John Cook, Jr., T. R. Albright, John Keck, P. M. Henkel, J. H. Defrees.

Among the names are the following whose owners have passed away from the scenes of their well-directed labors: Lee Sanderson, E. L. Ball, T. G. Harris, George Howell, D. S. Trapp, Jacob McFadden, L. B. Parmalee, Ben. Mikesell, Henry Pierce, J. Hahn, J. S. Freeman. C. P. Jacobs, J. H. Taylor, Norton Brown, Sam. Lauferty, W. J. Matchet, I. F. Tiedman, Daniel Coffin, Harvey Shepherd, A. Conuell, J. F. Maxfield, A. W. Clark, Wm. Waugh, ^¥nx. Dodge, J. Banning, Peter Kerstetter, W. H. Lane, M. Miles, J. H. Bal'ns, J. R. McCord, David Myers, J. H. Mather.

The possessors of the following names, who were residents of Goshen in 1854, may possibly still reside in that city , bnt the uncertainty regardinsj them requires that they be given a third place in this list: Wm. T. McConnell, Alex. McConnell, Austin Wheeler, G. AV. Baringer. John Zimmerman, F. M. Denny, F. W. Taylor, Ch. Arnold, J. J. Stone, J. W. Zuver, "Wm. Grandy, Oscar Dunn, M. Myers, G. Williamson, Theo. Hunter, W. M. Koe, T. K. Park, W. 21. Plively. The commissioners acknowledged the legality of the vote within three months, and in September declared Goshen an incorporated town.

Extension Of The City

At a meeting of the commissioners, held December 1862, Geo. D. Copeland and Charles P. Jacobs, Jr., presented a petition asking the Board to order the annexation of adjacent territory to the town. The commissioners ordered that " all the territory lying contiguous to the southern boundary of said town, between the west line of Fifth street, as laid oif and platted in the record of Latta and Copeland's addition to said town, and the west line of Third street, when extended south in its present direction to a point where the south line of Latta and Copeland's addition, if extended west, would intersect said west line of Third street, extended south as aforesaid, (except McAllister's addition to said town, which is already annexed)."

Town Statistics

tinclufling i^O.SOO and $9,985.19 for building school-house and extending water and $13,136.69 bonds redeemed. tBesides $601.91 transferred to the school fund- §0i this amount Geo. Sherwood paid $1,795.53 as tax.

Goshen City Statistics

An election was held April 18, 1868, to test the voice of the people in the mattei- of erecting the town of Goshen into a city. This resulted in an affirmative vote of 391 and a negative vote of 31. The city received its charter, and an election of officers was held on May 5 the same year. The following is a copy of the first city tax duplicate:

In addition to the resources given in the report, there is city property valued at $8,232.00, comprising seven acres cemetery lands, unplatted, valued at $1,100.00; 306 lots, platted, valued at $5,332.00, and property within the city valued at $1,500.00. So that the financial condition of Goshen is in reality most satisfactory, for when all the improvements are considered, the net liability of $19,671.53 appears very small indeed, and leaves the citizens quite content with the municipal administration.

lS72-'3. - J. A. S. Mitchell, Mayor; C. N. Fassett, Clerk; A. A. Norton, Treasurer; L. A. Hascall, Marshal; Israel Wyland, Assessor; W. A. AVoods, City Attorney; Elias Gortaer, Chief Fire Engineer; George T. Ager, Civil Engineer. Councilmen. - S. F. Eisenhour, H. K. Thomas, H. Bartlemay, Daniel M. Fravel, C. Hinderer, H. J. Beyerle.

1873-'74. - J. A. S. Mitchell, Mayor; C. N. Fassett, Clerk; A. A. Norton, Treasurer; L. A. Hascall, Marshal; Israel Wyland, Assessor; W. A. Woods, City Attorney; 0. F. Dewey, Chief Fire Engineer; George T. Ager, Civil Engineer. Councilmen. - :|:8. F. Eisenhour, H. G. Hale, H. Bartlemay, D. M. Fravel, C. Hinderer, Christian Schaffer.

1874-'75. - George Freese, Mayor; W. A. Bradford, Clerk; A. A. !N"orton, Treasurer; A. Myers, Marshal; Israel Wyland, Assessor; E. M. Johnson, City Attorney; O. F. Dewey, Chief Fire Engineer; George T. Ager, Civil Engineer. Conncilmen. - C. B. Alderman, D. M. Fravel, P. A. Welch, H. G. Hale, H. Bartlemay, C. Hinderer.

1875-76. - George Freese, Mayor; W. A. Bradford, Clerk, A. ANorton, Treasurer; A. Myers, Marshal; Israel "Wyland, Assessor; K. M. Johnson, City Attorney; O. F. Dewey, Chief Fire Engineer; George T. Ager, Civil Engineer. Conncilmen. - -C. B. Alderman, D. M:. Fravel, H. G. Hale, J. B. Slaughter, C. Hinderer, P. A. Welch.

1876-'77. - C. B. Alderman, Mayor; W. A. Bradford, Clerk; A. A. Norton, Treasurer; A. Myers, Marshal; Israel AYoyland, Assessor; E. M. Johnson, City Attorney ;0. F. Dewey, Chief Fire Engineer; George T. Ager, Civil Engineer. Conncilmen. - H. G.Hale, J. B. Slaughter. D. M. Fravel, J. P. Butterfield, P. A. Welch, Henry Kolb.

1877-'7S. - C. B. Alderman, Mayor; W. A. Bradford, Clerk; A. A. Norton, Treasurer; A. Myers, Marshal; Israel Wyland, Assessor; L.-W. Wanner, City Attorney. J. W. Drake, Chief Fire Engineer. Councilman. - H. G. Hale, J. B. Slaughter, D. M. Fravel, J. P. Butterfield, P. A. Welch, Henry Kolb.

187S-'79. - C. B. Alderman. Mayor; J. B. Walk, Clerk; Adam Teakel, Treasurer; A. Myers, Marshal; James Blaine, Assessor; L. W. Wanner, City Attorney; J. W. Drake, Chief Fire Engineer. Conncilmen. - P. A. Welsh, J. A. Carmien. A. M. Parsons, H. G. Hale, J. B. Slaughter, Henry Kolb.

lS79-'80. - C.'B. Alderman, Mayor; J. B. Walk, Clerk; Adam Yeakel, Treasurer; A. Myers, Marshal; James Blaine, Assessor; L. W. Wanner, City Attorney; *J. W. Drake, Chief Fire Engineer. Councilman. - Henry Kolb, John Rieth, W. A. Bradford, A. M. Parsons, J. A. Carmien, John McAnley.

Goshen City Schools

The school buildings of Gosheu are to the city, in point of architectural style, what the court-house is to the county. Their projectors met with some opposition from the conservative or oldfogy element; but the proud boast of the citizens is justified by the fact that over 90 per centum of the people were in favor of progress, and co-operated cordially with the trustees. Anti-progressiveness, however sincere, deserves to be ostracised. If it were supreme this Republic would fall to atoms, and return to the crude, pre-Kevolutionary times, when a trans-Atlantic oligarchy subjected a people to its whims and caprices, and formed plans for enslaving the first generation of Americans - formed plans that brought them disgrace, infamy and defeat instead of new victims and victory. So is it at present. He who would protest against advance must ultimately be crushed under it. It will not halt in its march, and the conservatism that once opposed it must flee to the desert, or hide from its approach. The true economy of human life looks at ends rather than at incidents, and adjusts expenditures to a moral scale of values. DeQuincey pictures a woman sailing over the water, awakening out of sleep to find her necklace untied and one end hanging over the stream, while pearl after pearl drops from the string beyond her reach; while she clutches. at the one just falling, another drops beyond recovery. Our days drop one after another by our carelessness, like pearls from a string, as we sail the sea of life. Prudence requires a wise husbanding of time to see that none of these golden coins are spent for nothing. The waste of time is a more serious loss than the extravagances against which there is such acclaim.

There are thousands who do nothing but lounge and carouse from morning till midnight - drones in the human hive, who consume and waste the honey that honest workers wear themselves out in making, and insult the day 63^ their dissipation and debauch. There are tens of thousands of idle, frivolous creatures who do nothing but consume and waste and wear what honest hands accumulate, and incite others to live as useless and worthless lives as they do. Were every man and woman an honest toiler, all would have an abundance, and half of every day for recreation and culture. The expenditure of a^few dollars in matters of taste is a small matter in comparison with the wasting of months and years by thousands who have every advantage society can offer, and exact as a right every privilege it affords. The school must progress if the heavens should fall. It is the ne.x;t highest hope of Christianity, and one which forever is breathed by the patriot and the philanthopist. The old idea of " where ignorance is bliss, 'tis folly to be wise," is long since exploded, and nothing less than the education of the masses is required by the civilization of the times and the intelligence of the republic. Notwithstanding the calamity of the destruction by fire of the highschool building in 1874, the City Council took steps for the immediate erection of the present magnificent building, which was completed in 1875, under the management of the School Board then in power, viz.: H. J.Beyerle, Elias Gortner and E. L. Billings.

Provisions are now being made for making a large addition tothe Fifth-street school-house during the ensuing summer vacation. The high-school building cost $20,000 and is a model of school architecture. The ward school-houses are intended to be of sufficient capacity to meet the requirements of the present. The following are the names of the present Board of Education:

Board of Education for lS79-'80; also for 1880-'S1: W. A. Whippy, M. D., President; term expires June, 1882; W. A. Mc- Allister, Secretary; term expires June, 1883; Elias Gortner, Treasurer; term expires June, ISSl. The interest that this Board has taken in the welfare of the schools, in sustaining every judicious proposition and effojt put forth by the instructors for the permanent improvement of the schools, is highly commendable, and their efficient labors are duly appreciated by the intelligent people of Goshen.

Instructors for ISSO-'Sl. - Ambrose Blunt, A. M., Superintendent; Emma K. Chandler, Principal of the Pligh School; Charles S. Taylor, A. B., O.' H. Blacklidge, M. S.. Lettie Cleveland, Cora Beckwith, Julia E. Goodwin, Maggie McGuffin, Kate C. Gortner,. Julia C. Curtis, Marie H. Mesick, Lucretia B. Collett, Emma L. Butler, Maggie Ketchum, Matilda Mullin and JSTettie Crary.

Goshen in 1880 had three brick school-houses and one frame, the total value of which is estimated at $34,000; total value of school apparatus, $1,000; special school tax on each $100, ten cents; on each poll, 50 cents; total of special tax, $1,200; local tax for tuition assessed on each $100, 16 cents; on each poll, 50 cents; amount paid trustees, $150; amount of revenue for tuition on hand Sept. 1, 1879, $4,635.66; received iu February, 1880, $3,325.- 49; in June, $3,958.57; total. $11,919.72; expended since Sept. 1, 1879, $6,545.37; now ou hand, $5,374.35; amount of special revenue on hand Sept. 1, 1879, $1,823.46; received since, $3,770.14; total, $5,593.60, expended since Sept. 1, 1879, $3,971.25; now on hand, $1,622.35; 465 males and 533 females were admitted to the schools during the year; 700 was the average daily attendance, and 187 daj'S was the average length of the schools; there were three male and 13 female teachers, whose daily wages were, for the former, $3.83, and for the latter, $2. The per centum of attendance based on the number belonging was 95.04. The per centum of enrollment, based on enumeration for 1879-'80, was 75. The cost of tuition and supervision per capita, based on population, was $1.80; based on enumeration, $5.43; based on enrollment, $7.24; based on average belonging, $9.83; based on average attendance, $10.32. The cost of tuition alone per capita, based on average number belonging, was $8.72.

The following table shows the number of pupils enrolled in the Goshen public schools on the first week of each school year from 1876 to the present time: also, the number belonging ou the closing days of the school years 1876-'7, 1877-'S, 187S-'9, 1879-'80. The numbers denote the enrollment during the first week of each school, the initials at the head of the columns respectively signifying the High school, A, B, 0 and D Grammar schools, A and B Priinarj', B and C Primary, D Primary, 5th street. Pike street and Rock Kun. The last column but one is the totals, and the last the number belonging on the closing day of the year.

The following extract from Superintendent Blunt's address will show the attention which is bestowed upon all matters pertaining to the education of the city youth:

' ' It would not be considered possible to devise a school system for country, town or city that would meet to the fullest extent the wants of each individual. There is a great variety of circumstances existing in every community, causing serious difficulties in complying with a?iy uniform system. As public schools are supported for the education of children of all classes, under ^'arious conditions of life, it becomes those having educational matters in charge to contrive such ways and means as shall render these schools as beneficial as possible to the greatest number. In cities and towns the graded school system has evident advantages over any other, and first in point of expense and efficiency. In a graded school one teacher can give competent instruction in a few branches of study to a large number of pupils, while in a mixed sciiool of the same number, it would require two or more teachers to do as thorough work. Thus it is observed that expenses are lessened, while equal efficiency is secured. Second, a greater evenness of work can be performed, and hence a greater evenness of discipline and culture in all principles connected with the various branches of study can be accomplished by the pupil. Jle takes up the proper study at the proper time, and pursues each with equal interest and zeal. By this it may be observed that division of labor in schools, in virtue of the graded system, is as important to the pupil as to the tax-payer."

This system of grading has again and again commended itself. Every high-class educator has attempted to give it perfection, and from the energy with which the reformers work the time may not be far distant when graded schools will be established all over the land.

While the pupils of the Goshen schools receive the most thorough instruction in arithmetic, grammar, reading, writing, spelling and geography, they have the advantages also of a thorough course in elementary science, including botany, zoology, physiology, chemistry and natural philosophy, drawing, vocal music and civil government, in the grades below the high school.

The Eock Run school-house was built in 1862, at a cost of $1,200 ; the Pike street school-house, 1865, §2,500; the Fifth street schoolbuilding, 1869, $5,000; the high-school building, 1875, $20,000. The furniture, etc., cost 10 to 15 per cent more. In 1876, the schools were for the first time properly graded and organized, under the superintendency of Prof. A. Blunt, a graduate of Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn. The schools now rank among the best in the State. The graduates of the high-school department are prepared to enter the Sophomore year of our best colleges, and enter our State universities without further examination.

The Chueches

reference to them. This may explain the writer's reason for giving such an extended Church history of Elkhart city. !^ First M. E. Church - Corner Fifth avenue and Jefferson street. Services each Sunday at 10-| a. m. and 7^ p. m.; prayer meetings, Tuesday and Thursday evenings; Sunday-school, 1 :45 p. m. Rev. W. 0. Pierce, Pastor.

First Beformed Church - North Main st.,near Violett House. Services every Sunday at 10^ a. m. and 7:30 p. m.; prayer-meeting, Wednesday evenings; Sunday-school at 3:30 p. m. Rev. W. H. Ziegler, Pastor. -

Trinity Lutheran Church - Fifth avenue, corner of Purl st. Services, German, every Sunday morning; English, every Sunday evening; Sunday-school, German, 9 o'clock a. m.; English, 2 o'clock p. m. Rev. Geo. Ilarter, Pastor.

Mennonite Church - Place of worship, in Kindig's block. Services at usual hours on Sabbath ; prayer-meeting, Thursday evening. Rev. D. Brenneman, Pastor.

Union Medical Society

Formation of the Union Medical Society of Northern Indiana at Goshen on Feb. IS, 1845, with Dr. E. W. H. Ellis, Pres., Dr. R. M. Kendall.Vice President; Dr. M. M. Latta, Secretary; Dr. S. B. Kyler Treasurer; Doctors R. Willard, J. W. Chamberlain and R. M. Kendall, Censors, with Doctors Latta, Paul, Henkle, and Ellis as committee on constitution and by-laws. There were present with the above officers Doctors Geo. Parsons, F. W. Taylor, A. W. Dewey, Henry Wehmer, D. C. Ayres, J. W. Chamberlain, and "W. I. Machett. This society was incorporated by Legisative act, approved Jan. 19, lSi6.

ot Goshen may be said to have been organized at the residence of Mrs. Harris,iii March, 1815. Mrs. Griffin was elected President,Mrs- Harris, Mrs. Chamberlain and Mrs. Marston, Directresses, and Mrs. Ellis, Secretary and Treasurer.

partially organized early in March, 1816, with John Evans as President and IST. F. Broderick Secretary, completed organization May 1, 1846. The object was very good, the members earnest and honest, but it is said that only those who were temperate already joined the ranks.

was organized Aug. 10, 1871. The number of members then enrolled was 56, among whom were: I. L. Kindig, C. B. Alderman, I. N". Koontz, L. H. Noble, Albert Osborn, J. C. Beck and A. L. Hubbell. These gentlemen formed the directory of the association.

was formed July 11, 1871, with Jos. C. Beck, President; Ruel M. Johnson, Vice Pres.; Ira W. Nash, Treasurer; Elbridge G. Herr, Secretary. The Directors comprised: E. "W. H. Ellis, John W. Irwin, RoUin Defrees, Albert Yates, J. W. Liveringhonse, W. W. Hinchman, with the officers.

Bible Society Of Elkhaet

Goshen Lodge, No. 12, A. F. & A. M., with Jno. B. Walk, W. M., and E. G. Chamberlain, Secretary, at present writing, was organized under dispensation on Sept. 14, 1844, with nine members. The first officers were Azel Skinner, W. M. ; George Parsons, S. W.; Ebenezer Brown, J. W. The charter was granted in May, 1845.

Fravel Lodge, No. 306, A. F. & A. M., ot which H. Y. Curtis is "W. M., and E. H. Dunning, Secretary, was organized under dispensation Aug. 21, 1862, and the charter granted May 26, 1864.

Bashor Council, No. 15, K. A. M.,with J. K. Mulholland, I. M., and E. H. Dunning, Becorder, was organized March 12, 1861, under dispensation. The first officers of the council were C. A. Foster, T. I. M.; AV. B. Martin, Deputy, and H. G. Hale, P. C. W.

Fike Department Of Goshen

The first company organized at Goshen was known as the "Reliance Engine Company, No. 1," and dates back for service to Sept. 4, 1862. Its roll of last year showed a membership of 21 men.

The " Rescue Hook & Ladder Company, No. 1," was organized almost six years later, or on May -4, 1868, and at its last review (1879) comprised 24 members. Both companies were duly erected and chartered under the laws of the State.

The " Reliance Hose Company, No. 1," composed of 1 7 men, wa organized July 2, 1870, and the '' Hydraulic Hose Company, No. 2," completed its organization Jan. 25, 1872, and now possesses an available force of 17 men.

The companies subsequently organized are Triumph, No. 1," July 19, 1875, with a roster of 22 men; " Goshen Hose Company, No. 4," June 21, 1875, now composed of 22 men, and the companies Nos. 3 and 4, comprising youths under 21 years of age.

An address delivered by Capt. A. W. Simmons at the Parade and Review of Firemen, held at Goshen in May, 1879, dealt with the benefits accruing to the community from these organizations. He referred to the conflagration of December, 1877, when to make an effiDrt at saving from destruction the Noble and Crary buildings on Market street the Fire Department worked with unequalled perseverance, under every disadvantage that a freezing wind entailed, and succeeded in insuring the safety of adjoining property. On the first Monday in February, 1880, the Triumph Hose Company dedicated its new reading and club rooms at Goshen. The Hon. Henry D. Wilson dwelt at some length and very eloquently upon the success which had been attained by the Fire Department' recapitulated much of its iuterestiug history, aud concluded by a relation of the many benefits destined to accrue to the members from their new reading room and club.

The Brass Bands

The first band was organized here in 1855, by C Devor, with 11 performers. The second in 1864, by C. B. Grospitch; and the third in 1873, by M. Vanderbelten, known as the Goshen Silver Cornet Band. This musical company holds a very prominent position in the esteem of the people, and among the band circles of the State. It comprises many young men, who are destined in the future to reach the highest social and, perhaps, political honors which the county may bestow . This band carried off the prize from six competitors during the fireman and band tournament in September, 1877. The instruments are silver plated and have been specially manufactured for the company by Conn & Dupont, of Elkhart.

of this city is conveniently situate, and well administered. An idea of the business transacted annually may be had from the fact that the letters, postal cards, packets and newspapers sent through the mails during the first week of November, 1879, aggregated 9,000. The present postmaster succeeded his father. Dr. E. W. H. Ellis, in that position in 1876.

The City National Bank

Tlie City National was organized in December, 187:2, with an authorized capital of $150,000, of which $50,000 was paid in. This paid-in capital has since been increased $20,000 by its surplus earnings, making the real capital of the bank at the present time $70,- 000. At its organization H. H. Hitchcock was elected President and Ira W. Nash, Cashier.

The directory included the President and Cashier, Messrs. J. H. Defrees. Joseph Lauferty, Abraham F. Wilden, Laporte Helfner, Henry J. Beyerle, E. W. Walker.

In the election of 1880, held by the stockholders of the City National Bank, the following directory was chosen: Messrs. J. H. Defrees, Dr. H. H. Hitchcock, A. C. Jackson, E. W. Walker, Joseph Lauferty, H. Elson, Ira W. Nash.

The bank has had a prosperous career. Its deposits average about $50,000, and its loans and discounts about $75,000. Last summer, to afford itself convenient quarters, it built the handsome stone bank building now occupied, the property representing a valuation of about $8,000. The office itself is neatly fitted up, and in the rear of the bank proper (which embraces cashier's and teller's department, vault, safe, etc.) are the private rooms of the officers. The resources of this institution in lS79-'80 were estimated at $178,- 932. Tliis is the only national bank at Goshen, and there is but one other in the count}'. Its record is one concerning which its officials may well feel proud, and its influence in business circles is scarcely to be estimated.

The Salem Bank

dates its organization in 1854, we believe, and for a number of years was a bank of issue, operating under a State charter with John Cook, Thomas G. Harris and Samuel Geisinger forming the directory. Of late years it has been a private bank, and in 18G5 Messrs. Milo S. Hascall and John W. Irwin became its proprietors, succeeding John Cook. Both of these gentlemen are old residents of the county. Gen. Hascall was a graduate of West Point, and also an attorney by profession. He was Clerk of the county when the war broke out; resigning that office he entered the army; became Colonel of the 17th Ind., and afterward Brigadier General; for a time was military commander of the State, and resigned in 1864; has since made his home here. He has been in the county about 30 years, and always has been an active business man. Mr. Irwin is also an attorney; for two terms was Treasurer of the county, and has lived in Elkhart county since 1832.

The resources of the bank may be set down at $105,000, made up of- building, safe and fixtures valued at $7,000, with cash assets, including capital, estimated at $98,000. The liabilities of this banking house in October, 1880, summed up $65,000.

Histokt Of Elkhaetcountf

commodious building, just east of tlie City National on Market street. Mr. Wilden continues to manage the concern with Mr. John L. Blue as Cashier.

This monetary establishment was organized in 1876 with W. A. Thomas and Laporte Heffner forming the proprietary. The actual resources of the bank in October, 18S0, were ^100, 000, with a large and neat office in Thomas' block valued at $9,000. The original projectors take an active part in administering banking business at present and are assisted by Mr. Miller, formerly County Recorder. The high reputation attained by these bankers is fully merited.

The Hydraulic Canal

During the year 1866 a project, which was to render Goshen a most important manufacturing town, was originated, and in 1868, brought to completion. Among those to whom thanks are mainly due for this great motive power are J. 11. Defrees, E. W. H. Ellis, Dr. M. M. Latta, P. M. Henkel, Cephas Hawks, Milton Mercer, John StaufFer and Adam Yeakeil. The western bank of this canal is formed from earth taken from the face of the plateau, above the valley of the Elkhart. The water of the river proper was diverted from its natural course, one and one-half miles southwest of the city, and turned into this channel at a cost of $100,000. This large investment dwindles into insignificance when the manifold advantages of this wealth-giving canal are considered. This fact will be further substantiated by the following review of the industries which almost owe it their present prosperous condition, if not their very existance.

These mills were established in 1868 by J. II. Defrees and son. The first year's operations consumed about 5,000 bushels of seed, of which 3,000 bushels were supplied by the county. In 1872, 10,054 bushels were purchased in the Goshen market, forming half the quantity operated upon that year.

The year 1878 was the beginning of the greatest progress. No less than 30,000 bushels of seed were converted into oil and oil cake. In 1880 the purchase of flax-seed reached 42,000 bushels, yielding 84,000 gallons of linseed oil. and 1,555,400 lbs. of oil cake.

The export of the manufactured oils and cake has reached an extent as surprising as it is consolatory. The position of this mill among kindred establishments throughout the country is high indeed. The enterprise which carried out the project deserves a most flattering recognition from those without as well as within the State. In the little city of the Elkhart valley, every advance made by such an industry is hailed with delight, and it is to be hoped that not only will the present large trade continue, but rather increase, until the enterprise of the proprietor calls for the erection of additions to the present extensive facilities which the mill offers.

The Grist-Mill

was erected at the instance of J. li. Defrees in 1879, south of Market street, on the hydraulic canal. This mill commenced operations in October, 1879, and is likely to prove another link in the chain of progress.

The flouring mill of Cephas and Eleazer Hawks was erected on the hydraulic canal in 1868. Previously, from 1836 to 1844, they operated the old grist-mill of Elias Baker, at Waterford, and in the latter year reconstructed it. In the new building, the work of the mill was carried on down to 1868, when the machinery was moved to the present establishment. In 1836, the mill gave employment to four men, now eight and often 10 hands are employed, and the trade has advanced from a few barrels per week to 1,000. The number of bushels of wheat converted into flour weekly is about 5,000, or 260,000 annually.

was built in 1872 for the purpose of a sewing-machine factory, and continued to be so used until July. 1874, when Hawks, Fravel & Co. purchased the building and projected the manufacture of furniture. This firm continued the making of furniture until July, 1878, when Hawks Brothers purchased the entire interest. The progress is marked indeed. In 1874 20 men were employed; now no less than 75 hands are directly engaged in connection with the work. The annual value of products in 1874 was about $20,000; of 1879, $65,- 000, and a sale of goods amounting to $80,000 may be reported for 1880. The cost of the original factory was $5,000, additions since

Messrs. C. & E. Hawks may be said to have built and equipped the two factories to which reference has been made. They also built the flouring mill, and the large double store occupied by the firm, - a three-story and basement building 44x85 feet - and in numerous other ways have advanced the best interests of the city.

The firm of Hawks Bros. & Co. have an enormous trade. They deal in dry goods and general merchandise, and in hardware; they have an establishment that is known far and wide through the county, and none of our business firms command greater confidence or greater trade. Together with all this, the employment of a force bordering on 100 is a boon to the city which cannot be over-estimated.

Goshen City Floueing Mills

These mills were erected in lS6S-'69 by Thomas aud Staufler, at a cost of $16,000. The same firm continued to operate it until the death of Mr. Stauffer m September, 1875, since which time Mr. W. A. Thomas has been sole proprietor.

The mill is a large frame building, situated upon the hydraulic, the main building being 67x33 feet, four floors, with an addition ot 16x50 feet. Water is the motor power used, and the mill is supplied with five run of stone, four of them four feet in diameter, and cue 30 inches. The capacity of the mill may be fairly stated at 100 to 125 bbls. of flour per day. Both custom and merchant work are done, the merchant flour being largely shipped to New York and Baltimore. The number of men employed at beginning was six, while at present there are 15. There are 30,000 barrels of flour produced annually, valued at $150,000. The cooperage attached gives employment to seven men.

was established in 1867-68 by B. G. Crary, and was the first building erected for manufacturing purposes along the hydraulic. The cost of structure and machinery was $10,500. The number of men employed at beginning was six, while at present the factory gives employment to 20 hands. The trade is principally in extension tables, and is carried over all the State. From an annual product of $6,000 the business has gradually grown, until now the whole-

The manufacture of furniture for retail trade includes bureaus, bedsteads, tables. The factory is a large frame building, three stories high and 30x80 feet. It is well equipped with machinery, water-power from the hydraulic being used, and during the day the factory presents a busy aspect.

The Goshen Woolen Mills

The woolen mill projected by C. B. Alderman and J. E. Winegar in 1869 and completed in 1870, proved one of the most extensive and profitable enterprises of the time. In April, 1871, Gen. M. S. Hascall entered into the partnership; in April, 187.5, J. M. JSToble purchased an interest, and in February ,1880, the old firm disposed of their entire interest to the firm of Noble, Kerstetter & Co. The company includes Messrs. King & Fields of the Clear Lake Mills, E. E. Kerstetter, of Elkhart, with Mr. Kerstetter and J. M. Noble, of Goshen. There are 1,040 spindles in use, and in October, 1879, self-operating spinnei's were introduced, at a cost of $2,500, while other improvements are meditated.

The mill is a stone and brick structure, the main building being 40x95 feet, three floors and basement. It has two additions, the dye house, one floor, 24x36 feet, and engine and boiler room, two floors, 36x46 feet, the second story being used as a drying department. The mill has really three sets: two for manufacturing and one for custom. The machinery is operated by either water or steam power, one 44-incli turbine wheel, taking its power from the hydraulic, being used, and also a 40-hor3e power engine with 65-horse power boiler. There are 680 spindles, three broad and eight narrow looms, together with all necessary dyeing and fulling and other apparatus. In the mill a force numbering 30 or more is usually employed.

The chief produce of the Goshen Woolen Mills are flannels, jeans, blankets and yarns, though some cassimeres and cloths are made. Besides having a large local trade the mill sells its goods very generally throughout six of the Western States, - Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Ohio, Wisconsin and Iowa, - and it pursues a policy distinctively its own, as, instead of virtually paying a commission to jobbers to introduce the goods, the firm sells direct to retailers. It has been a policy productive of good results, too, and the business has grown to such proportions that the " Goshen

Woolen Mills" are known fai- and wide. Aiming not only at excellence, bnt uniform excellence in manufacture and placing straight goods on the market at the lowest rates, the enterprise has worked out its own career. The value of sales for the first six months in ISSO summed up $50,000, which compares very favorably with the amount of sales effected during the corresponding period in 1S68, which scarcely exceeded $2Y.000. The cost of building and machinery was about $40,000.

The Saw And Planing Mill

located on the hydraulic canal possesses both water and steam power. The mill was projected in 1S64 by David Darr, who sold his interest in 1866 to John B. Drake. In 1877 0. A. Davis entered into a partnership, and subsequently purchased the entire concern. The cost of the original building is estimated at $4,000, while the value of the mill at present is $13,000. Its capacity is set down at 1,500,000 feet of hard lumber, sucli as poplar, walnut, oak, maple and hickory. In preparing the raw lumber for market 15 men receive constant employment. The value of annual product is set down at $20,000.

Though the mills just reviewed are all extensive and require a great water-power such as the canal bestows, yet half the advantages which the hydraulic oifers are not requisitioned. There is room for many additions to the industrial establishments of the city, and nowhere is a finer location presented than that which the neighborhood of the canal affords.

This iron foundry was started in 1863 by Messrs. Gortner & Smith. They built the large house now occupied by the Goshen Pump Company, Howe & Simmons' Chair Factory, and by the foundry. The building cost about $8,000, and the entire concern with machinery about $22,000. A lathe purchased in 1864 cost $960. In 1866-'7 the number employed was 40 men. The threshing machines of the firm are widely known over the State, and win for the manufacturers a prosperous trade. Since 1868 the foundry has been exclusively managed by . J. Gortner, and a steady business has been maintained. It is located near the L. S. & M. S. railway, the main building being a frame 40x110 feet, two floors, with foundry and blacksmith shop 36x80, and another addition 35x60.

The works are well provided with both iron and wood-working machinery, and has working capacity for full 50 men, though the force rarely numbers more than 20.

Goshen Pump Compant

This company, with W. L. Bivins as President, manufactures 40,000 pumps annually, and gives employment to between 25 and 30 men. It was established here in 1S72. The first pump factory was inaugurated at Waterford in 1S51, by J. Wegely, who in 1S53 disposed of his interest to Jonas Shively, and he in turn sold out, in 1855, to W. T>. Platter. Platter moved his machinery to Goshen, where he continued the manufacture until June, 1S79, when the works were purchased by the present company.

The factory was established in 1870, the present woi-ks, located by the side of the L. S. & M. S. railway, having been built by Mr. Walker in 1875. The main building is a two-story brick structure, 62x100 feet, with engine room 25x50. The motive power is steam, a 60-horse power engine being used, and in the works employment is given to a force usually numbering from 50 to 60 hands.

The trade of the works is principally with manufacturers in some six or eight of the Western'^States, the chief sales being made in Illinois, Missouri, Michigan, Iowa, Indiana and Kentucky. Some traveling for orders is done, but the great bulk of business seeks the factory direct.

During the first years of the business from 35 to 10 men were employed and the annual value of product was $40,000. Within a period of 10 years this value has risen to $130,000. The value ot machinery is estimated at $11,000 and that of the buildings at $19,000. Edward W. Walker is manager and proprietor.

The shops were established in 1872. The buildings cost $2,500, and the amount of annual product about $5,000. The working force has increased from two in 1872 to 12 in 1880.

The Wagon Factoet Of J. J. Delottee

1878 the sales were $18,000, in 1879 $27,000, and in 1880 $40,000. The trade of the firm extends over the Eastern and "Western States, with the principal markets in Chicago, ISTew York, Boston and - - '; the machinery at $3,000. The number of men employed in 1877 did not exceed 10, while now the factory gives employment to no less a number than 40. Five travelers are also employed, who sold during the past year $50,000 worth of tables, bedsteads and bureaus in Indiana, Iowa and Missouri. In 1876 the wares of the Messrs. Hattel were destroyed by fire, entailing a total loss of $1,300. The present firm comprises Messrs. Henry Kolb, Wm. Grose, D. W. and Jacob ITattel. Though young in years, it has made very favorable progress, and gives promise of reaching the climax of commercial prosperity.

This manufactory was established Jan. 1, 1880, by James A. Arthur, John Korrady, Jr., and xllfred Lowry. The number of men employed by this firm during the month of March, 1880, was four; at present the factory gives employment to 13, and is making such satisfactory progress, that an addition to the force may be necessary during the coming year.

The first cooperage was erected by Christian Angel in 1861 on Third street. He employed four men, who were occupied in turning out work for Messrs. Thomas & Stauflfer, J. H. Defrees, for his Syracuse mill, and Dr. E. W. H. Ellis' mills at Goshen. In 1862 the cooperage required the services of eight men. That year he rented steam power from Geo. Powell and used stave machinery. In 1863 he entered into partnership with M. M. Bartholomew, and moved the machinery one-half mile south of Goshen. Here the most remarkable progress was made, 20 men were employed, and the patronage of Messrs. "W. A. Thomas, 0. & E. Hawks, Geo. W. Ellis, of Goshen, and Turner & Company, of Chicago, secured. Before the close of the year M. M. Bartholomew disposed of his half interest to Mr. Angel, and the latter moved the machinery and shop to the present location on Second street, near Third and Madison. Here the work of the cooperage so increased that it gave employment to 35 men; but the fire-fiend attacked the shops Aug. 12, 1873, and destroyed both buildings and machinery. The proprietor lost by this fire about $4,000 directly, and indirectly, $1,500. The manufacturers, bankers and merchants offered to contribute an amount equal to the entire loss, and would have done so had not

Angel requested his good neighbors to desist. In 1871 a new building was completed and the cooperage again in full operation. Since that period a steady trade has been maintained, and many additions made to the buildings.

John B. Echart's factory, at the corner of Madison and Eighth streets, gives employment to three men. The principal wooden-ware produced comprises butter-tubs and tight work..

The Riverside Cigar Company

was formed early in 1876, with John A. Tiedeman as principal. The trade has been steadily increasing until now it approximates $3,000. The leaf used in the factory is principally purchased in Chicago and Detroit, and a market for the manufactured goods found within the county.

Manuel Gonzales

does a limited, but a paying trade. The manufacture of cigars here gives employment to seven men; the character of the goods is in high repute, and the extent of the trade satisfactory to the persons eno-aged in it.

The Noble School Fijbnit0Ee Company

The officers of the company are: J. M. Noble, President; L. H. Noble, Treasurer, and W. A. Bradford, Secretary, the active management of the business mainly resting with the two last named gentlemen, Mr. J. M. Noble finding his time occupied in the management of the large hardwood lumber interest of L. H. Noble & Son. He also, as elsewhere stated, is connected with the Goshen Woolen Mill Company. Mr. L. II. Noble came to Elkhart county in 1849, from Ohio, and ever since has been in active business here. The company established themselves in the school-furniture manufactory business in 1872, and they now employ 50 hands, and sell about $115,000 worth of furniture per year. They have a branch office and salesroom at 270 and 272 Wabash avenue, Chicago, under the charge ofC. R. Hewett, and orders or letters of inquiry addressed either here or there will meet with prompt attention.

The material used by the company in the construction of their school furniture and tables is wholly walnut, and ash. The school furniture is made with alternate strips of this inaterial, so that the effect is pleasing to the eye; the seat conforms itself to the body in such a natural manner as to avoid fatigue. This accomplished, that is, conformity to the natural^cse of the body, it became necessary to embody other points of excellence, so that strength and durability should be combined with an appearance of lightness.

In the manufacture of school furniture especial attention is also paid to teachers' desks of various patterns. The firm also sell globes, chairs, blackboards and the many adjuncts of the school-room.

The factory itself is by the side of the L. S. & M. S. E'y, having abundant side track. The main building is a three story frame structure (built last year) 46zl00 feet. The engine, boiler rooms and kilns are 42x65 feet, and a two-story wareroom, frame, 44x98 feet, is now building. The work rooms may really be considered models in their way. They are splendidly lighted, are heated by steam, and every convenience exists for prosecuting work expeditiously. The various machinery in use (and machinery is used wherever it can be to advantage) is of the best pattern, selected with special reference to the peculiar lines of manufacture engaged in by the company. The buildings, although frame, are well protected against fire by a thorough system of pipes and hose, with abundant water supply, and, taken all in all, the most casual visitor can see that the works are the result of experience and careful observation.

This beautiful residence is situate on East Market street, and occupies a section of the block forming the northwestern frontage. The house was erected in lS75-'6, at a direct cost of $19,000. The exterior, though architecturally complete, conveys but a small idea of its interior beauty. The style of the building is early Gothic with all its turrets and pointed gables. The abutment or substructure is composed of variegated stones, cut down to a uniform square and pointed in cement. The wood used in the exterior frame is all yellow poplar, as enduring as cedar. The grounds form a plain green terrace through which 1,000 square feet of concrete pavement lead to the exits and entrances, and all is enclosed by a neat network of iron paling. Without this fence the owner caused over 1,500 feet of concrete sidewalk to be laid down and shade trees to be planted along the street. The maples on the southern front prospered, but the birch trees on the east are battling with the change of location. However, most of these are thrifty and will become living ornaments to that portion of the city.

As has been said, all this exterior beauty gives very little idea of the interior magnificence. Mr. ISToble has introduced within the building a style and pleasing solidity of wood work which the traveler has failed to see eclipsed, perhaps equ&led, in the houses of many European monarchs. Black and white walnut, butternut and polished ash are used throughout in the doors and walltrimmings. The furniture is ebonized wood, and the drapery or upholstery comprise maroon rep, variegated damask or green satin. Let us travel through this mansion. Entering through a double massive gate in solid wood, of the costliest grain, the main hall is reached. The base, surbase and wainscoting are butternut, with walnut facings. The walnut is precisely similar in quality to that used in veneering, is solid, and bestows an appearance upon the hallatonce telling and. effective. The dining room is unequaled in its decoration. The base, surbase and alternate laths of the wainscoting are solid black walnut of the choicest grain. The intervening laths are white walnut of the best quality. The window blinds, frames and sashes, with the five doors leading from the room, are all en suite. The sideboard is a massive piece of furniture, made of solid walnut boards, supplied by the owner, and a table of the same material. The kitchen is one of the apartments near the dining saloon; the wall and window trimmings are almost similar to those used in the decoration of the dining hall with the exception tha.t ivhiie walnutho! Js the place occupied by Mack in the former description. The four doors leading to this neat culinary are massive and correspond those leading to the dining hall. The bath-room off the hall is as cozy as it is costlj'; all that artifice could do to render this little apartment luxurious has been done, no expense has been spared, and consequently it is all that man may desire in such a connection.

The first parlor is on the left-hand side of the hall. The doors leading to it are paneled in polished butternut with heavy black walnut facing, and are hung on wheels. The base, surbase and wainscoting, with window frames and blinds, are all made in the same woods and so correspond. The center table, piano and mirror frames, with other articles of furniture are in ebonized wood, while the drapery is a rich maroon rep. The sitting-room on the opposite side of the hall is in white walnut with black-walnut facings, with furniture of the most superb description, and variegated drapery. The first bedroom is ofll:'this reception parlor. It is entered through a massive door of polished ash and solid black walnut. The base, surbase, wainscoting, window frames, blinds and furniture correspond so that the eflfect is simply beautiful. The bath-room referred to previously is off this room, and is furnished in the same manner. The stairway is a work of art. Beginning with the newell, which supports the many-lighted gasolier, it may be said to be a solid block of walnut with mosaic ornamentation. The hand rail through all its length is solid walnut of the choicest grain, and bearing a high polish. The guard rails are heavy polished ash and well designed. This beautiful stairway leads upward to the principal lobby. The rooms on the second fioor are all large, airy apartments, furnished most tastefully, if not luxuriously, and differ only from the splendid rooms beneath in possessing a lightsome appearance, caused principally by the employment of white walnut and tinted woods in decorating the walls, as well as in the window frames and doors.

The beauty of the lumber chosen by Mr. jSToble for his residence must be seen to be known and admired. Nothing more peculiarly entertaining in interior house decoration has ever been brought under the notice of the writer, and this fact connected with the great, the important part taken by the owner in building up this city of Goshen must for ever mark him as a man of high taste and extraordinary enterprise.

Railway Statistics

It will be sufficient for the purposes of comparison to give the statistics of the same depot for three months ending Aug. 31, 1880. The increase in freight received and forwarded will be apparent, and speaks, with the accuracy of figures, the almost unparalleled advances made by the city.

These figures show the extension of trade or exportation to be spreading East and West, and the importation of raw material, for use in the mills, to be from the South.

Village Of Wateefoed

The village of Waterford is situated on the east side of the Elkhart river, in Elkhart township, on section 28. The land was originally owned by Judge Elias Baker, who erected a small log dwelling and a grist-mill here in 1833, John McBride being the mill-wright. Tlie Rev. Azel Sparklin settled on the Sparklin farm, adjoining Waterford on the east, in 1829. lie was a local Methodist preacher, the first minister in the neighborhood, and the only one for several years. He for a 'long time performed nearly all the marriage ceremonies and preached the funeral sermons in the surrounding country. Major John W. Yiolett, whose name is also identified with the early history of Waterford and with the history of the couDty, likewise settled here in 1829, his lands adjoining the village. Mr. Cephas Hawks, Sr., visited this county in 1835, and bought the Baker property in June, 1836. Mr. Cephas Hawks, Jr., settled in Middlebury in the spring of 1836, but came to what is now Waterford in the fall of that year and took possession of his father's property, in which he soon afterward purchased an interest. At a later date Mr. David Ballentine also bought an interest in the propert}'; and in the summer of 1S38 the village was laid out by Ballentine, C. Hawks, Sr., and C. Hawks, Jr. In the fall of 1836 Cephas Hawks, Sr. & Sons opened a store in a small shanty, but built a larger store-room the next year, in which the firm and their successors, the sons, kept store for many years. Dr. H. Heatwole, the first established physician here, came in May, 1853. The Hawkses built a new mill near the site of the old one in 1843 and '4i; and in 1868, on the completion of the Goshen hydraulic canal, the Waterford dam was taken down and the mill removed to Goshen. The first postofiice was established here in 1854, and S. D. Lombard was appointed postmaster. He was succeeded by Frank Johnson, and Johnson by "W. L. Baker, who had the office discontinued. About the year 1865 the office was re-established, and W. D. Platter appointed postmaster. The Methodist church was built about the year 1842, the Methodists having met for worship prior to that time in the school house. In 1853 the Christian church was built, and in 1858 the Associate Reformed Presbyterian church. The latter denomination has now no preaciiing here, and their church was removed to Rodibaugh's grave-yard a few years ago. A frame school-house was erected here about 40 years ago, and the building is now occupied by Mrs. Barlow as a dwelling. A one-story brick school-house was erected in 1858, and the present fine two-story building about the year 18-71. In 1851 a Mr.Wegely started a small pump shop here. This shop was afterward purchased by Jonas Shively, and then by W. D. Platter. The latter removed it to Goshen, where he carried on an extensive business, and recently sold out to W. L. Bivins.

There was at one time a large amount of business done at Waterford, particularly at the mill. Farmers from a distance of many miles and from all directions came here to get their wheat converted into flour and their corn cracked.

Bethel (or Christian) Church, at Waterford. This church is known by many as the New-Light " Christian Cliurch, to designate it from the '' Campbellite " Christian Church. It is now situated at

"Waterford, Elkhart township, but was organized at Benton, in Benton township, Oct. 9, 184:2, by Elder Peter Banta, with a membership of nine. Their names were as follows: David Monroe, David Bowser, Benjamin Benner, Elias Baker, Isaac Longeer, Eliza Stanley, Caroline Benner, Elizabeth Bowser and Maria Monroe. But three of the charter members are living, viz.: Benjamin Benner, Caroline Benner and Elizabeth Bowser. This little band of worshipers adopted nothing but the Bible for its rule of faith and practice. There were no meetings held at Beuton after the organization, for the place of meeting was immediately changed to the log school-house one mile west of Waterford.

The first pastor was Kev. Banta, the founder. The first conference in the district was held in 1850, in the barn of William Albin, who resided near Waterford. They erected a house of worship in Waterford, in 1853, and ISTov. 26 of the same year changed the name or title of the Church (or class) to that of the Christian Church at Waterford. They sustain regular services aud have a flourishing little Church of 50 communicants. The present pastor is Kev. Geo. Abbott.

Personal Sketches

This most important branch of township history must commend itself to every one. That it necessarily contains much valuable information and the relation of a series of events more or less historical is conceded. Therefore it is considered just and proper, that anything which may have a place in the pages devoted to it should be passed lightly over in the foregoing chapters, in order that repetition might be avoided, aud the more precise and complete facts intermingled with the always interesting reminiscences generally given in personal sketches.

Hon. Charles B. Alderman, present Mayor of the city of Goshen, was born in Greenville, Vt., Nov. 16, 1828, the son of Bidwell and Yesta (Smith) Alderman. The former died before the subject of this sketch was born, leaving the care of the family to the sorrowing widow, who removed to Western New York when Charles was two years old, and located at Leroy. Mrs. Alderman afterward married the father of General Hascall, now of Goshen, and thus became the step-mother of the General. They remained in Leroy till the spring of 1851. and while there he attended district school. At the age of 16 he left the farm and was engaged as a clerk in a grocery and crockery store, owned and conducted by Steward Chamberlain. He held this position till he was of age, when, close confinement having impaired his health, he engaged in contracting and building for three years, an occupation designed to benefit his health on account of the outdoor exercise it gave him. During this period he was married to Miss Elizabeth McLaren, a lady of Scotch ancestry. In the fall of 1853 Mr. Alderman came to Middlebury, this county, and in 1854 he located in Goshen. "When Mr. and Mrs. Alderman settled in Goshen their only child had been born to them, a son, George F., who is now cashier of the Sherman House, Chicago.

When well settled in Goshen Mr. Alderman went into the emploj'ment of Hascall & Ellis, 'as clerk in the large mercantile house they were then conducting. Wlieu that firm made an assignment, and A. W. Hascall & Co. bought the stock, Mr. Alderman went into the firm as tliird partner. In the spring of 1856 the firm sold their business to West & Gallantine, who after six months of trade desired a change, when Hascall, Alderman & Brown bought them out. In 1860 Mr. Brown sold his interest to his partners and retired, and Hascall & Alderman continued the business till 1864, when A. jST. Elascall bought an interest in the firm, Mr. Hascall also retiring in the spring of 1865. In the spring of 1868 Mr. Alderman sold his interest to Gen. Hascall, and left the firm on account of failing health. Daring his career as a retail dealer in goods, himself and associate partners, from 1856 to 1868, sold over |l,000,000 worth of goods.

The time at length arrived when Mr. Alderman was to make a new departure and become a manufacturer instead of a merchant. In 1869 he joined forces with Mr. James E. Winuegar, and began to build the Goshen Woolen Mills. This work was finished in 1870. Tl'ey erected the substantial three-story-and-basement brick structure, which is such an important feature among the improvements on the hydraulic canal, and filled it with costly and modern machinery. This establishment has since been one of the principal industries of Goshen, and is a lasting honor to its projectors and builders. In 1872 Gen. Hascall took a third interest in the business, but in 1875 he sold his share to J. M. Noble, the firm as thus reorganized continuing business till 1879, when a sale of tlie entire establishment was made to the present owners, mention of whom is made elsewhere in this volume. In 1875 Mr. Alderman joined the stock company that now controls the Goshen Gas Works, himself taking half the stock. He has since occupied the position of president of the company.

Mr. Alderman's otiicial life in Goshen began in 1874, when he was elected Councilman of the first ward for the term of two years. In 1876 he was elected Mayor, and his fellow. citizens honored him with a re-election in 1878. Still pleased with his administration of municipal aflairs, Mr. Alderman was elected Mayor for a third time in 1880. This last election, however, was not an easy '' walk-over,'' for his opponents urged the battle against him to the utmost. But such was Mr. Alderman's popularity that he came through the contest victorious by a handsome majority.

Daring bis term as member of the Common Council Mr. Alderman was Chairman of the Finance Committee, and also of that on the water-works, and the duty of placing the water-works bonds devolved upon him. Tlie bonded indebtedness was negotiated at satisfactor}- rates to tax-payers of the city, and Mr. Alderman won high praise for his efficiency in this important business.

Mr. Alderman has been a Freemason since 1S64, when he took the Master's degree iu Goshen lodo-e, 'No. 12, and was raised in that lodge Feb. 11, 1867. lie is at present a Eoyal Arch Mason in Goshen Chapter, No. 4-5, and was exalted June 8, 1888; a member of Bashor Council, No. 15, and a member of South Bend Ojramandery, No. 1-3. Mayor Alderman's life since he came to Goshen has been crowded with events, and no resident of the city has been more honored and distinguished by his fellow-citizens.

John J^aJcer, one of the aged citizens of Elkhart county, was born in Bedford county, Pa., in 1801. He is thus 79 years of age, yet at tliis writing he is vigorous and active, and signs his name in a bold, distinct and strong hand. His father's name was John, and his mother'?, maiden name was Barbara Hershey, the latter living till the age of 96, and but recently deceased. The family is of German descent. When John was 21 years of age his mother removed to Ohio, the children accompanying her, the father having previously died, and the mother having married a Mr. Arnold. Mr. Baker remained in Ohio till 1834, when he came to Elkhart county, Ind. He was married at the age of 23, and settled on a farm two miles west of "Waterford. This property he traded for the farm he now occupies. It was formerly the Joseph Stouter estate, and Mr. Baker arranged the transfer with the heirs. Mr. Baker has been on this farm for 23 years, and has brought it to a high state of cultivation. He has three living children by his first wife. His second marriage was in 1835, to Susanna (Cripe) Stouter, widow of Joseph Stouter. He has also three living children as the result of this union. Mr. Baker belongs to the German Baptist denomination. He is, as a man, a remarkable instance of strong and hearty old age, and may live yet many years.

Hon. John H. Baker, M. C, was born in Parma tp.. New York, Feb. 28, 1832; removed at an early age with his parents to the present county of Fulton, Ohio, where he assisted in such farm labor as is incident to frontier life until he was nearly 21 years of age. His school education was limited to a few winter terms of the pioneer kind. He afterward taught school, and attended the Wesleyan University at Delaware, O., completing the first two years of the college course; studied law at Adrian, Mich.; was admitted to the Bar; commenced practice in 1857 at Goshen, iu which he wae constantly engaged until his election to Congress in the fall ot 1874; was elected as a Republican by 13,671 votes, against 13,613 for his opponent. Freeman Kelley; was re-elected in the fall of 1876 by 18,481 votes, against 16,273 for the same opponent. He has been re-elected twice since that time. In the 44th Congress he was second on the Committee on Elections, and as a working member he perhaps took a more prominent part than any other. In the 45th Congress he was on the Committee on Appropriations, and took a very active part. In the 46th he was continued on the same Committee, and ranks first on the Republican side. Other members of this Committee are Frank Hiscock, of New York; James Monroe, of Ohio; Jay A. Hubbell, of Michigan; and J. G. Cannon, of Illinois.

James Beck was born in Fleming county, Kentucky, Oct. 20, 1803 . J. Beck, his father, was also born in Kentucky, but now deceased; was the father of 16 children, of whom 4 were girls and 12 were boys. Mr. J. Beck was a man of untiring energy and perseverance, and accumulated a snug little fortune, but too insignificant to start his large family out in the world with a capital that would support them for any great length of time. Mr. James Beck, being a man of pluck, and determined to secure wealth and position, came northward and settled in this county, where his energy and daring soon became known, and he was elected the first Constable of this county, which office he tilled with credit to himself, and to the satisfaction of his constituents, who, not being satisfied with the honors already bestowed upon our pioneer, elected him Sherifi of the county in 1832, which office he administered as only a man of his peculiar qualifications could. The people being highly pleased with the manner in which he dispatched the business of the office, in 1S34 again elected him Sherifi", but after serving for one year, he resigned.

He was married to Miss Sarah West, of St. Joseph county, Sept. 7, JS34, who was born April 12, 1813. There were born to Mr. and Mrs. Beck 3 children, 2 girls and 1 boy, all of whom are living, and respected citizens of Goshen. Hannah Jane was married in 1877; Mary E. and James A. are living at home, administering to the wants of their father, who has so kindly cared for them in their infancy until such times as they were able to go forth and battle the world alone. Mrs. Beck is a woman of delicate taste and lofty purpose, and has not failed to instill into the minds of her children while they yet conld be easily molded, the same noble and inspiring elements.

In 1831 an unmarried man by the name of Morgan, being indebted on a note to the amount of ^50, and at the maturity of said note being unable to pa}' the same, a capias was issued for his arrest. Being better posted than his pursuers, he had fled from the county to avoid being arrested. Mr. Beck, not knowing that his power to arrest was limited, pursued Morgan, and came up with him in an adjoining county, and undertook to make the arrest. Morgan, not willing to be thus deprived of his freedom, informed the Constable that his papers were valid only in the county for which he was act- ing as Constable, and thus tantalized Mr. Beck to his entire satisfaction. At last Mr. B., not knowing what to do, consulted an attorney, who suggested that they issue a civil process, which was done, and in due time the debt was collected.

The second arrest was made in what is now known as Benton. A man numed Lyman Leonard, a counterfeiter, was the victim. He was arrested and tried at Goshen, in an old log house, and found guilty and sent to Jeffersonville for five years. His accomplice, Wilkinson, was acquitted, as there was not sufficient evidence to warrant a conviction. He was taken by Mr. Beck to Jetfersonville, on horseback, having his legs and hands shackled, as he was a desperate character. There was considerable difficulty experienced in taking Leonard to Jeffersonville, but Mr. B., being accustomed to the wilds of a new country, was equal to the emergency, and successfully performed his duty.

Joseph C- Beck, one of the prominent merchants of Goshen, was born in York county. Pa., Sept. 30, 1S36. His parents were Joseph and Lydia (Chust) Beck. Mr. Beck's boyhood was passed at home, a portion of his time being spent in common school. For some time after he arrived at manhood's estate he was a dealer in genera] merchandise, at Davidsburg, York county. Pa. He came to Goshen in 1859, and here embarked in the general grocery and dry-goods trade in 1S65. In the same year he married Miss Caroline E. Shaeffer, by whom he has four children. 3 sons and 1 daughter. Two of these sons, George and Clinton, are now with their father in his store. The youngest son, Weston, is pursuing his school studies. The two older sons are graduates of the Goshen high school, and the daughter, Anna, will graduate in the spring, having taken a Latin course. Mr. Beck's store, on the corner of Maine and Market streets, is one of the best known places of the kind in town, which has been made conspicuous not only by his liveliness as a merchant, but also by his unique way of advertising by the bulletin-board system. He originated the Goshen Building and Land Association, which is a chartered institution; was its first president, and is now its secretary. This association was organized in 1874, and has a pledged capital of .$50,000 and an authorized capital of $100,000. The company has already built a dozen houses. Mr. Beck was also the first who moved to raise stock for the Elkhart County Agricultural Society, and was elected its treasurer at the first annual meeting of the directors, and has held that position since. Mr. Beck took an active part in securing gaslight lor Goshen, and was instrumental in getting a pledge of stock to the gas company. He is an active man in private and public Inisiness, and one of the most useful citizens of Goshen. He is a member of the English Lutheran Church of Goshen, and is at present Deacon. He is a Democrat in politics, and is a member of the Masonic order, belonging to Bashor Council, Blue Lodge 306, and to the Chapter.

Milton J. Beoh, Esq., attorney and Justice of the Peace, is one of the younger representative men of Goshen. He was born in Allen county, Ind., and has spent most of his life in this State. His father is Noah Beck, and his mother's maiden name was Joanna Jenkins. His father was a Pennsylvanian of English descent, and his mother was a native of Virginia, and also descended from English ancestry. "Wlien the subject of this sketch was eight years of age his parents moved to Ohio, settling in Miami county, where they remained four 3'ears. They then ventured another removal, tbis time trying their fortunes in Elkhart county, Ind. During childhood Mr. Beck attended the common schools nearest at hand; when older he enjoyed the advantages of the high school, finishing his education in that department of instruction. At the age of 19 he began teaching, and continued that occupation till he was 33, studying law with Baker &, Mitchell daring that time. At the end of a three-years' course of law study he was admitted to the Bar, and immediately thereafter opened an office in Goshen. He was elected Justice of the Peace in the spring of 137S, and was married in the month of June following to Miss Mary L. Billings, daughter of Capt. E. L. Billings, of Goshen. They have 1 child.

Though Esquire Beck is yet a young man he has made a flattering progress in his profession, and can look hopefully forward to a career of prosperity. He is a Republican in politics, and a member of the Methodist denomination. He is President of the State Firemen's Association, a member of the Hose Company Ko. 3, Goshen, and takes much interest in the means of fire defense. In a word, he is an active and useful member of Goshen society, and is acknowledged as sncli by his friends and neighbors.

Dr. Henry J . Beyerle was born in Berks county, Pa., June 4, 18'23. When he arrived at the proper age, he attended the village school for a few months each winter until he was 16, when he was installed as clerk in a small countr}- store. Later in life he entered npon the study of medicine with Dr. McDonough, at Bernville, Pa., and he was graduated at Philadelphia Medical College in 1S50. He piracticed his profession in ditferent localities in Pennsylvania until the spring of 1S56, when he came to Indiana. After stopping a few months in Goshen, he removed to Syracuse, Kosciusko county, and subsequently to Leesburg, in the same county, engaging in the practice of medicine. In 1S62 he was elected to the State Legislature, serving through the stormy and eventful session of 1863.

In 1865 Dr. Beyerle again took up his residence in Goshen, engaging in the drug business, in which he still continues. About the year 1871 he took charge of the business of the Goshen Manufacturing Company, of which he was the leading stockholder. The company had a foundry and machine shops, engaging in the manufacture of reapers and other machinery, and doing also a general foundry business. Dr. Beyerle introduced the manufacture of extension tables as a part of their business, and this soon became the most important branch of it. Their tables were shipped east to tlie Atlantic and west to the Pacific; also north into Canada, and south as far as Tennessee and South Carolina. Other shops for the manufacture of extension tables were started in Goshen and surrounding country, until their manufacture became a leading enterprise of Elkhart count\'.