Vincennes Township (part 13 of 14)

For nearly thirty years in active practice at Edwardsport, Dr. J. L. Reeve has gained a high standing in a profession that calls for the best abilities of a most carefully trained mind. He was born at Edwardsport. August 27, 1857, and received his preliminary education in the common schools. Later he became a student at the normal school of Indianapolis and then taught for one term near Sandbom. Having decided upon a professional career, he entered the University of Louisville, at Louisville, Kentucky, where he pursued the regular course, graduating February 25, 1881, with the title of M. D. He immediately began practice at Edwardsport where he has since continued. He is a constant student of the best medical publications and an observer who has learned a great deal in his practice that is not found in books. By conscientious attention to his duties he has build up a large patronage among the best class of citizens of Knox county. Financially he has been quite successful, as is evinced from the fact that he owns three hundred acres of fine Knox county land and a beautiful home in Edwardsport.

On the 9th day of May, 1882, Dr. Reeve was united in marriage to Miss Ella Graham, of Jeflfersonville, Indiana, who was called away August 23, 1883. On May 29, 1889, he was married to Miss Carrie Keith and five children have resulted from this union : Elsie L. ; Bonnie, deceased ; Robert R. ; Keith G. ; and Ernest B.

Dr. Reeve served two terms as examining surgeon for the United States government under Presidents Cleveland and McKinley and as examining surgeon in this region for the leading life insurance companies. He is a member of a number of the leading medical organizations, among which may be named the Indiana State Medical Society, the Mississippi Valley Medical Society, the Wabash Valley Medical Society and the Knox County Medical Society.

Politically he is identified with the democratic party and, although he has not urgently pushed himself forward for public office, he served as trustee of \'igo township for two terms and as a member of the state legislature in the session of 1901-1903, discharging his duties with a fidelity that met the cordial approval of the voters. Fraternally he holds membership in the blue lodge and chapter of the Masonic fraternity, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the encampment, the Knights of Pythias and the Tribe of Ben Hur. He and his wife are members of the Rebekahs and Mrs. Reeve and the younger members of the family are identified with the Baptist Missionary church and are earnest workers in the cause of religion. Dr. Reeve has found in his wife a most worthy helpmate whose presence and sympathetic counsel have been to him an unfailing source of strength. In a long and active career he has displayed a judgment and discrimination which are of the highest importance in solving the problems that daily face the physician. As a result no professional man in Knox county possesses in a higher degree the confidence and respect of its citizens than the honorable gentleman whose name introduces this review.

Samuel A. Bunting

The nation will always honor the men who saved the Union, for to them is due the liberty we now enjoy. Among the brave soldiers whose name it is a pleasure to record in this work is that of Samuel A. Bunting, now a prosperous citizen of Bicknell. He was born in Vigo township, Knox county, November 28, 1845, and is a son of S. A. and Elizabeth (Scott) Bunting. The father was a native of Trenton, New Jersey, and came with his father in 1837 to Indiana, being among the early settlers of this state. He was a successful farmer and departed this life in 1888. The mother was a native of Knox county. She was called away in 1889. There were twelve children as the result of this union, the oldest of whom was Samuel A. Bunting, our subject. The other members of the family were : Sarah, the wife of W. T. McClure, of Palmyra township, this county; Thomas, who died in 1909; John of Wheatland, Indiana; Dan, now an engineer at the power house of Vincennes ; Mary, the wife of Lewis Nolan, a railway conductor with headquarters at McCook, Nebraska; William, a farmer of Vigo township ; Halleck, now living on the home place ; Fanny, at home ; Rebecca, the wife of John Jones, who lives on the home place, Eliza, the wife of Charles Steward, a traveling salesman of Helena, Montana; and one who died in infancy.

Educated in the common schools, the subject of this review grew up as a farmer boy and was almost ready to enter upon an active career for himself when the land was overshadowed by the great rebellion. As soon as he arrived at an eligible age he ofifered himself for service and became a member of Company G, One Hundred and Twentieth Indiana Volunteers. In his regiment he served with highest credit to himself and the cause which he zealously espoused for a period of three years, from 1863 to 1866. He was present at many of the great battles and participated in a number of the most important movements of the war, receiving an education by contact with men which could never be given other circumstances. He was present at the battle of Resaca, in the Atlanta campaign, at Nashville and Franklin, Tennessee, and Raleigh, North Carolina, going from the latter place to Macon, Georgia, and thence toward Washington to meet General Bragg. Although quite a young man, the scenes and events of those three years made a tremendous impression upon his mind and have had an important influence in shaping his life. After returning from the army he began farming in Vigo township, where he continued for ten years, and then moved to Bicknell, still being identified with farming interests and also selling fruit trees. He owns a large share in two hundred acres of land and also a fine residence in town, located upon two lots, and holds title to three lots in another part of the town.

In 1871 Mr. Bunting was united in marriage to Miss Anna E. Wilson. Six children have blessed the union : Ella G., who became the wife of Charles Hord and is now deceased ; Percy, who married Minnie Frederick and lives in California ; Arleigh, a teacher in the Bicknell high school ; Ray W., now engaged as telegraph operator at Bicknell; Pearl, the wife of W. A. Davis, superintendent of schools in Bicknell; and Ralph, employed on concrete work.

Mr. Bunting is a supporter of the republican party, believing that its principles are most conducive to the prosperity of the country. He is a valued member of the Baptist church of Bicknell and is closely identified with the Grand Army of the Republic, where he and his comrades renew the associa- tions of long years ago. He has won success because he deserved it. He showed his mettle when he donned the blue and the spirit of fealty to his country and courage in times of danger has never deserted him. He is today one of the honored citizens of Knox county - a place to which he is entitled by his services and by a long life of adherence to duty.

Albert J. Heitz

Albert J. Heitz, superintendent and general manager of the VincenneS Electric Company, in which connection he is controlling extensive and important business interests of this character, was born September 19, 1875, in the city which is yet his home. His parents were George and Lena (Brosmer) Heitz, the former a native of France and the latter of Cincinnati, Ohio. The father spent the first twelve years of his life in France and then came to the new world with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Stephen Heitz. The grandfather of our subject was one of the first settlers of Vincennes, making his way direct from the Atlantic coast to this city, from which time the family name has been closely associated with the history of material development and substantial upbuilding in southwestern Indiana. Stephen Heitz was a railroad contractor, becoming closely associated with early railroad building in this part of the country. George Heitz, following in his father's footsteps in business, also became a railroad man, continuing actively in that field of labor until the measure of his success was sufficiently large to enable him to retire several years ago. He still makes his home in Vincennes and is one of the honored and respected residents of this city.

Albert J. Heitz was sent as a pupil to the parochial school of the Catholic church until the age of twelve years, when he entered the high school of Vincennes, in which he completed the usual course by graduation. Like his father and grandfather before him, he turned his attention to activities in the railroad world, but while thus engaged regarded the business only as a means to an end - it providing him support while he was preparing for other work. All of his leisure was devoted to the study of electricity in both its scientific and its practical phases and his proficiency became such that in 1902 he was made manager of the Knox County Telephone Company, which he thus represented for three years. He afterwards became connected with the City Electric Company and held the responsible position of assistant superintendent for two years. On the expiration of that period he came to his present position which he has since filled. The Vincennes Electric Company is an offshoot of the Vincennes Light & Power Company, the electrical business having been purchased by the corporation of which Albert J. Heitz is now superintendent and general manager. The business was reorganized under the name of the Vincennes Electric Company, the enterprise being financed by foreign capital save for the stock which is now owned by Mr. Heitz. The purpose of the business is to furnish light and power for commercial purposes and the plant is located on Hart street and the river. The ability which Mr. Heitz has gained enables him to speak with authority upon many questions concerning electricity and its use, and as superintendent and general manager he is winning success for the company which he now represents.

In November, 1906, Mr. Heitz was united in marriage to Miss Clara Hartel, of Washington, Indiana, and unto them have been born two children, Rose and Margaret. The family are communicants of the Catholic church and Mr. Heitz also belongs to the Knights of Columbus. From an early period in the development of Vincennes the Heitz family has been closely associated with industrial and commercial activity here and Albert J. Heitz, like his father and grandfather before him, is making an excellent record in business circles by his ability, enterprise and laudable ambition.

Charles W. Lauby

Charles W. Lauby, one of the substantial citizens of Vincennes, is carrying on business as proprietor of sheet metal works and has built up an excellent trade in that hne. A native of Indiana, he was born in Washington, Daviess county, October 24, 1879, and is a son of Alois Laube, who was born in Switzerland in 1855 ^"^ came to this country in 1873, locating in Indiana. The name has since become Anglicized and the father is now known as Lewis Lauby. For many years he was employed as a stationary engineer but is now living retired. In early manhood he married Miss Laura Patterson, who was bom in Indiana in i860, and they became the parents of six children, namely: Maurice J., of Vincennes; Charles W., of this review; Lavida, the wife of Russell Davis, of Washington, Indiana; Florence, the wife of Joseph Klee, also of Washington ; George, of Denver, Colorado ; and Marie, at home.

Charles W. Lauby was educated in the common schools of his native county and in St. Simon's parochial school at Washington. After laying aside his text-books he entered the grocery business and was later connected with the confectionery business, and subsequently became identified with M. J. Carnahan in the tin business at Washington. Coming to Vincennes, he opened sheet metal works at the corner of Seventh and Seminary streets in January, 1904, and has since continued in that line of trade. He deals in metal and slate roofing, cornices, hot air furnaces, heavy sheet iron and sky lights and also has an extensive repair department. He has been employed on a number of the finest residences, business blocks and schoolhouses in the city and has secured an excellent patronage which is constantly increasing.

On the 17th of January, 1905, Mr. Lauby was united in marriage to Miss Josephine M. Ryan, also a native of Daviess county, born October 20, 1880, and a daughter of James and Elizabeth (Fitzpatrick) Ryan. Her father was a merchant and is now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Lauby have one child, Elizabeth Laura, born October 20, 1905.

Since attaining his majority Mr. Lauby has usually affiliated with the democratic party. In religious faith he is a Catholic and was a member of the building committee at the time of the erection of the Sacred Heart church and parsonage. Fraternally he holds membership in the Harmonie Verein, the Knights of Columbus and the Order of Eagles, being in hearty sympathy with the principles of those organizations. Early in life he learned to depend upon his own exertions and has become a man of good business ability and sound judgment who usually carries forward to successful completion whatever he undertakes. His career has been such as to win the confidence and high regard of those with whom he comes in contact, either in business or social life, and he has many friends in Vincennes and vicinity.

For fifteen years A. B. Evering has figured in the commercial circles of Vincennes as a dealer in hardware, paints, varnish, glass, coal, wood and fuel, and in this connection has developed a business that is constantly growing and has long since come to be ranked with the profitable undertakings of the city. His life record is another illustration of the fact that in America opportunity is open to all, for he had few advantages to aid him at the outset of his career. Germany numbers him among her native sons. His parents were Mr. and Mrs. Henry Evering, hard working people and members of the Catholic church.

A. B. Evering was nine years of age when the family emigrated to the new world and much of his youth was spent in Cannelton, Indiana, where he acquired his education by attending the public schools. He afterwards went to Bellville, Indiana, and in 1889 came to Vincennes. When his school life was over he turned his attention to mining and was thus engaged until thirtythree years of age. The ability and industry which he displayed in that connection won him advancement and his wages were proportionately increased. He it was who put in the prospect shaft and in his efforts in the coal fields he won a measure of success that enabled him to turn his attention to merchandising about fifteen years ago. He is now conducting a substantial and gratifying business on Second street North, where he carries a large line of hardware, paints, varnish and glass and also conducts a coal and wood yard. He has won the favor of the public and a liberal patronage is accorded him, his business gradually increasing year by year until it has now reached a place among the more successful enterprises of this character in Vincennes.

Agnes and Josephine. The former is the wife of A. J. Bultman and has five children, Morris, Helen, August, Sylvester and Morilla. Josephine is the widow of Glenn Smult and has two sons, George and Glenn.

Mr. and Mrs. Evering are members of the German Catholic church. There have been no exciting chapters in his life record. He has worked earnestly and persistently from early boyhood, depending upon his own earnings for a livelihood from the time he left school. His record proves that persistence and determination will eventually win success, for it has only been through the exercise of these qualities that Mr. Evering has advanced on the high road to fortune.

Mrs. Sarah E. (Robinson) McKinley is the owner of an excellent farm in Steen township and is a representative of a very old and highly respected family of Knox county. She was born in this county in January, 1852, and is a daughter of Richard and Frances (Stevenson) Robinson. Her father was born in this county on the 24th of October, 1824, and his life record covered the intervening years to the 13th of February, 1888. He always engaged in farming, which occupation he took up on his own account after acquiring his education in the early subscription schools. The family is of Scotch lineage. Richard Robinson was united in marriage to Frances Stevenson, a daughter of John and Sarah Stevenson, who were natives of County Tyrone, Ireland, and came to this country when John Stevenson was a comparatively young man. Here he took up the occupation of farming, in which he met with substantial success, owning fourteen hundred acres of land at the time of his death. Dr. J. L. Robinson, a brother of Mrs. McKinley. is mentioned at length on another page of this work.

Sarah E. Robinson spent her girlhood days in her parents' home, acquiring her education in the public schools and aiding in the duties of the liouseliold, so that she was well qualified to take charge of a home of her own when she gave her hand in marriage to Simon Thornton McKinley, one of Knox county's native sons. He was born on the 25th of June, 1848, and at the usual age became a pupil in the district schools, wherein he mastered the branches of learning usually taught. The periods of vacation were largely devoted to farm work and when he attained his majority he resolved to continue as a farmer. He purchased two hundred acres of land in donation 102 and later made an additional purchase of fifty acres in donation 134. With characteristic energy he devoted his time and labors to tilling the fields, which he brought under a high state of cultivation and to which he added many substantial improvements. He continued the owner of this property up to the time of his death and left it all to his widow.

Mr. McKinley was a faithful and devoted member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and also of the Knights of Honor. He was highly respected in the community in which he lived, being honest and upright in all of his business dealings. He won his success by close application, unfaltering industry and earnest purpose. He continued actively engaged in farming until his demise, which occurred in 1886 and was deeply mourned by many friends.

Mrs. McKinley still resides upon the farm left her by her husband. It is a valuable and productive property and returns to her a gratifying annual income. She is a member of the Presbyterian church, guiding her life by its teachings. She has always lived in Knox county and her many good qualities of heart and mind have won her the friendly regard of all with whom she has been brought in contact.

Elisha Morgan

Elisha Alorgan, popular and prominent in business circles in Mncennes, is now the president of the Salter-Morgan Company, in which connection he is at the head of a growing and prosperous wholesale and retail trade in paints and hardware. He is yet a young man and the success which he has achieved is the indication of his business powers, ability and enterprising spirit. He is imbued with the progressive element which has ever been a dominant factor in the upbuilding of the middle west.

He has always lived in the Mississippi valley, his birth having occurred on the 9th of July, 1877, in Highland Park, Illinois, one of the attractive Chicago suburbs. His parents are Captain Elisha and Julia (Waggoner) Morgan, in whose home his youthful days were passed, his training there instilling into him many sterling principles which have been manifest in his later life. He began his education in the schools of Chicago and continued throughout his course a pupil in the same school which he entered in the primary grade.

He made his initial step in the business world as an employe of a drygoods company of Chicago, with which he remained for six years. He first became connected with the line of business somewhat similar to that in which he is now engaged by entering the employ of the Chicago Varnish Company, which he represented on the road as a traveling salesman for eleven years. In this way he became widely acquainted with the trade and this has been of much value to him since he started out independently. Throughout his business career he has been actuated by the laudable ambition of one day engaging in business on his own account that his labors and energy might more directly benefit himself. About four years ago he joined Harry Salter in purchasing the wholesale and retail hardware and paint store formerly owned by Mr. Salter's father. The young men brought to their task an enthusiasm and determination which have been felt in the continuous growth and development of the business. Their wholesale trade interests are reaching out further and further and their retail patronage in Vincennes is becoming more and more extensive. They follow modern business methods, are actuated by a progressive spirit and in the conduct of the business they recognize no such word as fail. They are continually seeking out new ways in which to extend the trade and their labors are being attended by substantial and well merited results.

Mr. Morgan was married in Chicago to Miss Esther Scalborn, and unto them have been born two children, Esther Catharine and Ruth Elizabeth. Mr. Morgan has an interesting military chapter in his life record. He was a member of the First Illinois Volunteer Infantry and served with honor during the Spanish-American war, the regiment being on active duty in Cuba, where they suffered the usual hardships of war, after which they returned to camp on Long Island and thence proceeded to Chicago. Mr. Morgan afterward became a first lieutenant in the First Regiment, which when mustered out of the United States service, again became a part of the Illinois National Guard, the leading military organization of Chicago. His fraternal relations are with the Masons, with the Loyal Legion, the Knights of Pythias and the Travelers Protective Association. By nature he is friendly and cordial and his geniality has made him many friends wherever business interests have taken him. His popularity is well deserved, for in him are embraced the characteristics of unabating energy, thorough reliability and loyalty in citizenship.

Samuel M. Reeve

A thoroughly successful business man of Edwardsport, Samuel M. Reeve deserves a place in a biographical work relating to the substantial citizens of Knox county. He was born in Vigo township, near Edwardsport, this county, February 15, 1864, and received his education in the public schools of Indianapolis and Edwardsport. The boys of the family followed their father's trade of painter and paper hanger and the subject of this review was engaged in this occupation until eighteen years of age, when he began upon his own account as clerk in a general store. Later he learned the barber's trade, which he followed for seventeen years, at the end of which time he purchased the mercantile business, including hardware, implements and furniture, in which he has ever since been engaged, having acquired a patronage, by his excellent taste in selecting goods and also by his genial address, which yields him a generous income. He is also the owner of a fine private residence and the building in which the postoffice and barber shop are located.

dren have blessed this marriage : Helen E., a teacher in the local schools ; Roscoe H., also a teacher in the local schools ; Bruce B. ; Margaret ; Virgil K. : and David Gordon, all living at home.

Mr. Reeve is a stanch supporter of the democratic party and a member of the advisory board of the township. He and his wife and his two eldest children hold membership in the Christian church, of which he is a trustee and elder. Socially he is identified with the Masonic fraternity and is senior warden and trustee of the lodge. He has passed through all the chairs of the subordinate lodge and encampment of Odd Fellows and is a valued member of the Tribe of Ben Hur. He is an intelligent and useful citizen and by a life of industry and good judginent he has won his way to a prominent place in the community. The success he has attained is a striking illustration of the possibilities that await any young man who is willing to deny himself during his earlier years in order that he may possess an abundance later in life.

Thirteen years have passed since Dr. John H. Rabb was called from this life, but his memory is yet cherished by all who knew him and his influence remains as a potent force for good among those who were his associates while he was still an active factor in the world's work. So energetic and capable was he in business, so loyal in citizenship, so faithful in friendship, that he came to be regarded as one of the most valued and honored residents of Knox county. His friends because of their warm affection and high regard for him felt at his death

It was on the 6th of April, 1830, in Lawrenceburg, Indiana, that Dr. Rabb was born, a son of James and Frances (Weaver) Rabb, who were married at Lawrenceburg, March 12, 1827. The father, born in Staunton, Virginia, in 1805, was a Virginia gentleman of the old school and distinctively belonged to that type of men all his life. He followed merchandising. His wife was also of southern parentage. In his early childhood John H. Rabb accompanied his parents on their removal to Warsaw, Kentucky, where he grew to manhood. He was educated at Hanover and graduated in medicine at Louisville, Kentucky, where he began practice. He was married at Aberdeen, Ohio, January 10, 1853, to Susan E. Sinclair, of Lexington, Kentucky, and in 1854 they removed to Russellville, Illinois, where they resided until 1859. I" that year they came to Vincennes and Dr. Rabb was closely identified with the business interests and development and progress of the city until his demise. While following his profession he was a close student of the science of medicine and did everything in his power to promote his efficiency in practice. He soon became recognized as a particularly able physician and was accorded an extensive patronage. He saw and embraced many opportunities for charitable and benevolent service and it is told of him that upon one occasion he was called from his home in Russellville to attend a very sick man on the Indiana side, near Oaktown. At that time the Wabash bottom was nearly all uncultivated and fever and ague in most distressing forms poisoned every one living in or near that locality. Upon this occasion Dr. Rabb was called into every house he passed on his way from his patient to his home, administering to the ill in six or seven different homes. Finally, near the bank of the river, he came to a poor woman seated by the roadside with a sick babe in her arms. She had heard that he would pass that way and had walked more than a mile to obtain his help. Dr. Rabb thought the child was dying but administered medicine and gave more to the mother to take home with her. He supposed the little sufferer would soon be at rest in death but a few months afterward the happy mother came to his office with her child entirely healed to thank him for his kindness. He always said the recollection of this incident was one of the happiest of his life and yet countless other good deeds which he did could be related. He was ever willing to extend a helping hand and many bear evidence of his benevolence and kindly consideration.

Dr. Rabb was enjoying a large and lucrative practice when a fall from his horse so lamed him that he could no longer pursue his profession and he turned his attention to merchandising in Vincennes. From the beginning he prospered in the new undertaking, from time to time enlarged his stock and enjoyed for long years a large and profitable business, which he carried on from 1859 until 1872. In the latter year he was elected to the presidency of the First National Bank of Vincennes and for twenty-six years continued as its chief executive head. He closely applied himself to the business of building up the bank and expanding its connections and the progressive policies which he inaugurated were always tempered by a safe conservatism that made the bank one of the most reliable financial institutions of southern Indiana. Into other fields he also extended his efforts, for he was a man of resourceful ability and enterprise. He became president of the Citizens Gas Light Company and a stockholder in many other companies to which he gave his energies as an officer. He was exceedingly modest and forbearing in his manner and it is said of him that at meetings of officers, where grave questions of business policy and conduct were considered, he would listen with patient interest to the views of others, even when he knew those views were radically wrong, and yet show no sign of weariness and dissent. Finally, however, he would review the situation in so kind and considerate a manner and so clearly and forcibly that the most unreasonable would at once yield to his better judgment.

As the years passed seven children were, added to the family of Dr. and Mrs. Rabb: Sallie A., who died in 1897; Susan G., who died in 1889; Fannie B., who died in 1861 ; David, who died in 1865 ; Sada Ross, the wife of James Wade Emison, of Vincennes ; John H., of Minneapolis, Minnesota ; and Kate V., the wife of Dr. W. B. Ridgeway, of Vincennes.

In 1859 Dr. Rabb united with the Presbyterian church, of which he was a trustee for forty years. He was devoted to its welfare, sought its upbuilding and growth, contributed generously to its support and cooperated in its various activities, yet he was too broad-minded to manifest a narrow sectarianism and believed that there was good in all churches and the possibility of good in every individual. He rejoiced in any work or organized effort that counted as an asset for moral progress and religious development. He was a stalwart advocate of the cause of education and for a long period served on the board of trustees of the Vincennes University. He rejoiced too in the growth and progress of the city, was vice president of the Board of Trade and cooperated in all of its movements for the benefit and upbuilding of Vincennes. No death in Vincennes in years has occasioned more extended or uniform sorrow than the passing of Dr. Rabb.

One of the local papers said of him: "No man has died in Vincennes whose life has been more fruitful of good and so barren of evil. His generous hand was open to the poor, his wise advice and conduct a constant example for emulation to everyone; and his life work an enduring monument more permanent than brass or marble. Very many places are left and will remain vacant; and yet, the study and knowledge of his life, and character, will aid all who strive to be good and useful. Standing in the presence of the lamented dead, it is not all sorrow ; there is so much of helpfulness and comfort to have known him and to have enjoyed his society and friendship that we can but feel a sense of grateful indebtedness to him and a sense of subdued happiness in remembering that he was our friend. Before the dread hour came to him he felt that his life work was done and well done and he did not therefore experience that keen sorrow that he would have felt otherwise at the parting from his family and friends. He felt that his future was more secure to him than the past. That it was all right with him. His life was such that one might well suppose he had profited by the lines of America's greatest poet:

'So live, that when the summons come to join The innumerable caravan which moves To that mysterious realm, where each shall take His chamber in the silent halls of death, Thou go not, like the quarry slave at night. Scourged to his dungeon, but sustained and soothed By an unfaltering trust, approach thy grave Like one that wraps the drapery of his couch About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams.' "

Dr. Rabb's business associates bore testimony to his high character as well as to his ability. In its memorial the Citizens Gas Light. Company said : "His intelligent and upright discharge of the duties of his ofifice were invaluable and yet performed without compensation. We feel the loss keenly in a business sense and yet count that small as compared to the loss borne by the community in the many relations he sustained. As president of the First National Bank, as a member of the board of trustees of the Vincennes University, as vice president of the Board of Trade and as a counsellor and friend to many business institutions and individuals his loss will be felt everywhere. ... He gave to the public and private alike his unselfish and able efforts to accomplish the best purpose attainable."

At a meeting held to take action concerning the death of Dr. Rabb the directors of the First National Bank prepared a memorial in which it was said: "He became president of this bank September 15, 1871, and continued until his death. His administration of this great trust was marked by signal ability and integrity throughout. He was a business manager of care, skill and broad judgment. His policy was conservative, keeping on safe ground and avoiding hazardous risks. His ambition was to have the bank conducted on lines which would meet the views of prudent men, rather than to dazzle by large profits, and so it has proved that in all the varying fortune of the banking business for more than twenty-six years there has been no 'run' on the bank, no danger at any time of its entire soundness and solvency. His character for probity, truth and honorable dealing brought lasting business friends and patrons and won and retained the respect of all engaged in like business. No one ever heard him say a disrespectful word of any other bank nor attempt to interfere with their business.

"His example as a business man, friend, neighbor and gentleman won the respect and confidence of all who knew him. We have just returned from the grave where we helped to lay him at rest and in sadness at the parting we still record our pleasant recollection of the banker, gentleman friend of so many years of association and feel stronger and better because of our knowledge of him. In the strongest possible terms we hereby record our testimony of his worth in the largest and broadest manly qualities possible for any one to possess. To his family we tender our deep sympathy in their sorrow and venture to remind them that notwithstanding their irreparable loss they will always have a treasure of priceless value in the character of him who has gone from them for a brief season only."

When death came to him impressive funeral services were held in the Presbyterian church, conducted by his pastor. Rev. George Knox, the University cadets acting as a guard of honor, while the University trustees attended the services in a body. In their memorial record they testified "to his amiable and manly qualities and virtues, as he was a true friend, publicspirited citizen and model husband and father. ... He was a wise counsellor and had a sympathetic heart for the bereaved, and an open purse for the needy." The Vincennes Commercial said : "In his life we see the brilliant lesson of the value of character. He was a man in whom every one could trust. His integrity and his sturdy honesty were his most prominent characteristics. He was progressive, active and enterprising. He was ever ready to encourage the worthy and his life work had always been conducted on such lines as drew around him the people who depended upon him for advice, encouragement and sympathy. In all his life the grand and lofty character of the man was revealed. In this community he stood unquestioned, perfect as men go and unswerving in his loyalty to principle. Honor was accorded him among all classes. His fidelity to his trust, his loyalty to his friends, his love for the good, his respect for the community and his sympathy for the distressed - all these broadened his nature to the extent that those who knew him learned to love him with a devotion that never faltered."

Dr. Rabb was a man extremely comely in appearance and of winning and courtly manners. He belonged to that type of men whose personal appearance, moral courage and manly conduct always gain for them the confidence, respect and love of those who knew them. He was a leader of public sentiment in Vincennes and Knox county and the champion of every righteous cause. In politics a republican, he was active in the councils of the party but never sought or wished for office. At the time of the Civil war he was a stalwart champion of the Union cause and a warm admirer of Lincoln, but physically was incapacitated for service at the front. It has been said that no man ever lived in Knox county who had more friends and fewer enemies. He had the gentleness of a woman, the courage of a soldier and all the qualities which humankind adore.

Hon. William H. Vollmer

In an enumeration of those men who have conferred honor and dignity upon the state which has honored them mention should be made of William H. Vollmer, who in November, 1910, was elected to the office of state treasurer. His worth as a man and citizen had already been proven in many connections. That he has mastered many of the problems of finance is indicated in the fact that he is successfully managing the Citizens Trust Company as its president and is showing equally capable control of other important business concerns. The expression of public approval as given him in his election to his present office is therefore fully justified in his past record.

Mr. Vollmer was bom in Knox county, Indiana, October 24, 1856, a son of Frederick J. and Hannah Vollmer. He spent his youthful days upon his father's farm and pursued his education in the country schools until 1872, when he put aside his text-books to enter business life, becoming a clerk in a retail grocery store. Carefully saving his earnings until the sum was sufficient to enable him to embark in business on his own account, he established a grocery in 1888 in partnership with William F. Recker, under the firm name of Vollmer & Recker. The new enterprise proved successful from the beginning. The partners were capable business men, energetic and determined, and their close application also constituted an element in the growth of their trade.

Mr. Vollmer continued actively in business until 1896, when he was elected county treasurer, to which position he was reelected in 1898, filling the office for four years and thus completing a most satisfactory record as the custodian of the public funds of Knox county. On his retirement from office he formed a partnership with C. C. Winkler for the conduct of a commission business, under the firm name of Vollmer & Winkler. This firm is still in existence and the partners are numbered among the prominent and prosperous commission merchants of Vincennes. Extending his efforts into other fields. Mr. Vollmer became president of the Citizens Trust Company and likewise has voice in the management of the Home Telephone Company, having been elected to its presidency. Although a multiplicity of affairs claims his time and energies he has so carefully systematized his interests and surrounded himself with such an able corps of assistants that all of his business interests are capably managed and conducted. The ability which he has displayed in various connections both in the management of individual financial affairs and of public finances and the active part which he has taken in political circles naturally led to his selection for the state democratic candidacy for treasurer and at the election in November, 1910, he received the endorsement of the public in a good majority.

In Vincennes, on the 3d of May, 1881, Mr. Vollmer was married to Miss Julia L. Ritterskamp. Their only child, Oscar, who was born December 25, 1895, departed this life July 23, 1901. Both Mr. and Mrs. Vollmer hold membership in the German Evangelical church and he belongs also to the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and to the Pastime Club. He has a wide acquaintance among leading men of the state and by all is held in high regard but in Vincennes, the city of his residence, he comes in closer contact with his fellowmen through warm and enduring friendships.

Louis Kutter

Louis Kutter is a self-made man whose advancement is attributable entirely to his close application and earnest purpose. He is now taking contracts for house-moving and is also at the head of the Louis Kutter Cement Block Company, conducting business at the corner of Seventh and Hickman streets. A native of Indiana, he was born in Daviess county, on the 19th of March, 1874, and is a son of Andrew and Martha Kutter. The family name indicates the German ancestry and it was in the land of the kaiser that Andrew Kutter was born and reared, pursuing his education there and com- ing as a young man to the new world. He made his way at once into the interior of the country, settling in Martin county, Indiana, where he turned his attention to farming and also engaged in teaming. He made investment in land and as the result of his hard work, his unfaltering perseverance and his determination he met with a substantial measure of success. He conformed his life to the teachings of the Catholic church, of which he was long a faithful member.

Louis Kutter spent his youthful days in his native county and was sent as a pupil to the public schools, while later he continued his studies in the schools of OIney, Illinois. He started out in business on his own account when a youth of sixteen years, beginning work as a common laborer. He was employed at house-moving and after a time he began that business on his own account in Vincennes. He has carried on the business for four years and is the leading contractor in that line in the state. He has extended the scope of his activities by purchasing a plant for the manufacture of cement blocks at the corner of Seventh and Hickman streets. This is also the largest undertaking of the kind in the city and the business is carefully managed by Mr. Kutter, whose energy and close application are making of it a profitable undertaking. The plant is well equipped and both lines of his business are growing.

On the 20th of May, 1896, occurred the marriage of Mr. Kutter and Miss Margaret Bowling, a native of Olney, Illinois, and a daughter of Wiley and Martha (Clark) Bowling. This marriage has been blessed with five children : Carrie, Lena and Charles, all of whom are attending school ; Andrew, who is now deceased ; and Edward, who completes the family.

Mr. Kutter holds membership with the Tribe of Ben Hur and is also a member of the ]\Iethodist Episcopal church. His has been an active and useful life and whatever success he has achieved is attributable to his own labors and perseverance. He early realized the fact that industry is an indispensable element of success and he has worked earnestly and with determination to win his advancement. Today he is at the head of business interests that are bringing him good return and his genuine worth and thorough reliability are also gaining for him the confidence, good-will and esteem of his fellow townsmen.

Martin Hogue

Martin Hogue, who is conducting a flour and feed business at No. 1008 North Eighth street, was born in Palmyra, Knox county, on the 21st of February, 1872, a son of M. B. and Margaret (Thompson) Hogue. The family has been represented in this part of the state from early pioneer times and its members have always borne a helpful part in sustaining the best interests of the community and promoting progressive citizenship. The father was born in what is still known as the old Hogue homestead in this county. For many years he engaged in business as a manufacturer of concrete blocks but is now living retired, his success in former years being sufficient to enable him to put aside the more active cares of business life and rest in the enjoyment of the fruits of his former labor.

Martin Hogue pursued his education in the country schools and his training was thorough, qualifying him for the transaction of business in later life. In his youthful days he worked on the farm with his father but at length left the old home and spent three years in teaming in Vincennes. He then purchased the flour and feed business of which he is now proprietor, becoming the owner about two years ago. In the interval he has built up a good trade and is now well established in a successful and growing business.

On the 27th of October, 1896, Mr. Hogue was united in marriage to Miss Finley Mae Cross, a daughter of Thomas and Charlotte (Games) Cross. This marriage has been blessed with two interesting daughters, Meredith M. and Charlotte M., both attending school. The parents hold membership in the Presbyterian church and are deeply interested in its welfare and progress. Mr. Hogue has always lived in this county and the fact that his life has ever been an upright one is proven in that his stanchest friends are those who have known him from his boyhood to the present time.

Charles Albert Paul

Charles A. Paul, a prominent music dealer of Vincennes, is not a man to yield to discouragement. Obstacles arouse the latent energies of some men and he belongs to that number and as a result has attained an enviable position in the business world. He is a native of the Keystone state - a state that has contributed many of her sons whose energy and ability have in an important degree assisted in the upbuilding of the west. His eyes first opened to the light of day in Hydetown, Pennsylvania, November i, 1875. He is the son of James Edward and Dorothy (Ingerson) Paul, both natives of New York state, the former of whom was born in Williamstown in 1845 and was a lumberman. The paternal grandfather, John Riley Paul, was born in New York state in 1823 and members of the family have attained deserved prominence in various parts of the country. Upon the maternal side the ancestry has been traced to General Israel Putnam, of Revolutionary war fame, the great-grandmother of our subject having been a member of the Putnam family. It may also be stated that General Merritt, who gained a world-wide reputation fighting under the stars and stripes in the Civil war, was a first cousin of Dorothy (Ingerson) Paul. By virtue of her ancestry she is a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution and served as a delegate to the national convention of that organization in 1908.

The subject of this review received his preliminary education in the public schools and later entered a school of pharmacy at Philadelphia, from which he was graduated in 1891. After leaving college he established himself in the drug business at Newburg, Indiana, and continued for two years, at the end of which time he moved his stock to Petersburg, Indiana, where he also opened a music store. In 1900 a destructive fire visited the town, totally destroying Mr. Paul's drug store, and in 1901 he came to Vincennes and established himself in the music business on Second street. Upon the completion of the new La Plante building he removed to commodious rooms in that structure which he now occupies and where he conducts the largest music store in this part of the country, carrying a carefully selected stock of musical merchandise and instruments which meet the demands of many patrons. He is special representative in this part of the state for the Peerless and Sublima Regina Electric Pianos and also is interested in the music business at the town of Bridgeport.

In 1899 Mr. Paul was united in marriage to Miss Ethel Smith, a daughter of Dr. Elwood and Catherine (Barter) Smith, the former of whom is a native of Petersburg, Indiana, and the latter of Mount Vernon. Dr. Smith is one of the well known dentists of the state and has served as president of the Tri-State Dental Association and also under Governor Hovey as president of the state board of dental examiners. One son, Charles Riley, born in 1900, has come to brighten the home of Mr. and Mrs. Paul.

Socially Mr. Paul is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Modern Woodmen of America, but his friends are not all limited to a membership of fraternal organizations. Accommodating in disposition and genial in manner, he makes friends wherever he is known, and as an upright and honorable business man he has the confidence of his associates and of the public generally.

Perhaps no life record in this volume stands in stronger refutation to commonly accepted belief that success and an honored name may not be won simultaneously, for throughout his life John W. Emison, Sr., sustained an unassailable character and at the same time won large success through his extensive operations in farming and milling. His holdings of farm lands at the time of his demise exceeded those of any other man in Knox county. He was a lifelong resident of this county and, while carefully conducting his private business affairs, he was always quick to lend his aid and influence to any project or movement for the general good. His birth occurred on the I2th of January, 1829, on a farm nine miles northeast of Vincennes, in Knox county, which in the year 1790 became the property of his maternal grandfather, the Rev. Richard Posey, who in that year left the state of South Carolina and removed to Indiana for the purpose of freeing his slaves. Journeying westward to Knox county, he became one of the pioneers of this region and the farm which he developed is still in possession of his descendants. It was the birthplace of his daughter, Elizabeth Posey, who on reaching womanhood gave her hand in marriage to William W. C. Emison. For more than a century the name of Emison has been connected with the history of Vincennes and western Indiana. The family name was originally spelled Emerson. The first Emisons of whom we have record were two brothers who settled at Georgetown, Kentucky, in the eighteenth century, and among their descendants are those who are residents of Kentucky, Indiana, Missouri and Texas. The family was founded in Knox county, Indiana, by Thomas Emison, the grandfather of John W. Emison, who left his Kentucky home in 1804 and settled on Mariah creek in what is now Knox county. He bore active part in the early development and progress of this region when it was still a part of the Northwest Territory, the family being here represented for a number of years before Indiana's admission into the Union in 1816.

William W. C. Emison, also a native of Knox county, was born in 1804, a short distance from the Posey homestead. He became a farmer and tanner by trade and for many years resided upon the farm where his wife's birth occurred. It was there they reared their family, including John W. Emison, who in the days of his boyhood and youth devoted his attention largely to the work of the fields and to other tasks incident to farm life, having little opportunity for the acquirement of an education, for the public school system had not been developed then and subscription schools held their sessions only at irregular intervals. He was, however, a self-educated man, remaining throughout life a student of men and events and gaining from his daily experiences the lessons which made him a practical and forceful man of affairs.

On attaining his majority John W. Emison turned his attention to farming and milling and followed those pursuits throughout his entire life yet also extended his efforts to stock-raising and merchandising. In the latter connection he handled dry goods, groceries and clothing, lumber and timber. His first milling experience was at Bruceville and later he secured a mill at Wheatland, where he also turned his attention to merchandising, becoming a partner of Hugh Barr in the ownership and conduct of a store. For about twenty years he and Mr. Barr were in partnership and throughout the entire period the most harmonious relations existed between them. In connection with the conduct of the gristmill Mr. Emison had sawmills in operation and dealt in black walnut lumber. He was a man of notably sound business judgment and discrimination and his investments were most judiciously made. As the years passed by he kept adding to his landed possessions until his farm property aggregated nearly four thousand acres. In his later years he devoted much of his time to the study and appUcation of scientific farming and his leadership in this regard constituted an element in the improvement of farm methods practiced in Knox county.

In 1857 Mr. Emison was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Amelia Dunning and they be came the parents of eight children: James Wade, now a prominent lawyer of Vincennes ; John W., merchant and postmaster of Vincennes; Hugh Ash, who is filling the position of assistant postmaster; Mattie E., the wife of Henry C. Barr, of Princeton, Indiana; Lizzie, the wife of Frank M. Harris of Princeton; William C, Frank D. and Sarah A., all of whom died in infancy. The wife and mother died in 1874 and in 1876 Mr. Emison married Miss Anna M. Shugart, of Knox county, who survived him and who still lives in the city of Vincennes.

In the meantime, when the Civil war was in progress, Mr. Emison with patriotic spirit ofifered his services to the Union but was rejected on account of the condition of his health. Not allowed to go to the front, he bent every efifort toward aiding the Union at home by constantly looking after the wives and children and others dependent upon those who were bearing arms at the front. Mr. Emison was at all times a public-spirited citizen and cooperated in many movements and projects for the benefit of his home community and the county at large. He was one of but two men in his township who in 1856 voted for John C. Fremont and he remained a stalwart supporter of the republican party from its organization until hi* death, which occurred on the i6th of March, 1888. In early manhood he became a member of the Methodist church and was ever an active worker in its behalf and a generous contributor to its support, doing all in his power to further its interests and extend its upbuilding. He never sought nor desired office, although his fellow citizens would undoubtedly have elected him to any position which he might have cared to fill in the county and community in which he lived. Against his will he was chosen president of the fair association and was filling that position at the time of his demise.

Mr. Barr, for many years his partner and business associate, said of Mr. Emison : "In all my dealings with him there never was a bad feeling between us, never one word that was harsh or short, and I was with him for thirty-five years. He was always a sober, moral and agreeable man. To know him was to love him. A truer man never lived. I cannot say enough about him to do him justice. Everything can be said in his favor, and I know nothing against him." A local paper characterized Mr, Emison as "one of our purest and most highly respected and influential citizens. He was known and loved by everybody and his sterling worth and stanch integrity were recognized everywhere. Quiet and unostentatious, he won the respect and esteem of all with whom he came in contact. He was conscientious almost to a fault and strict and straightforward in all of his dealings. In his death Knox county loses a most noble, generous, progressive citizen." Mr. Emison was about fifty-nine years of age when he was called from this life. It seemed that many more years of usefulness might have been spared him, yet in the years allotted him he accomplished much more than does many a man who passes the Psalmist's span of three score and ten. His splendid business success was the result of his own well directed effort and determination. He started out in life empty handed but possessed laudable ambition and resolute will and by the improvement of the opportunities which came to him - opportunities that others might have utilized had they so desired - he reached a conspicuous position among the successful business men of Knox county and at no time was his business honor assailable. Patriotic and loyal in citizenship and faithful in friendships, devoted at all times to the best interests of his family, he stood as a high type of noble Christian manhood.

Merle C. Loucks

Merle C. Loucks, a rising young attorney of Bicknell, has already won a measure of success as a legal practitioner that augurs well for the future. His birth occurred in Potter county, Pennsylvania, on the 13th of June, 1885, his parents being William and Carrie (Plagman) Loucks. The father, a native of New York, was successfully engaged in business as an architect of Brooklyn throughout his active career but during the past ten years has lived retired at Ulysses, Pennsylvania. He is descended from a prominent English family, his father having been a native of the Merrie isle and a millwright by trade. Although of English descent, William Loucks speaks German, French and Spanish, having familiarized himself with these different tongues in order that he might the more ably discharge his business transactions. The representatives of our subject's family are, as a class, masters of trades and professional men. The mother of M. C. Loucks is of German extraction. Her children were five in number, as follows : Merle C, of this review ; Lulu, who is deceased ; Harry, an architect by profession, who is now a United States government photographer; Nellie, who is fifteen years of age; and Lucille, a little maiden of five summers.

Merle C. Loucks attended the graded schools until fourteen years of age and then entered the high school, being graduated therefrom when a youth of seventeen. During the following two years he pursued his studies at the State Normal School of Pennsylvania and then, coming west, entered the State University of Indiana, from which institution he was graduated on the 3d of June, 1908, having devoted four years and nine months to the study of law. For two successive years of that time he won first honors at the oratorical contests. After completing his law studies he returned east and successfully passed an examination in New York city, being licensed to practice in the state and federal courts. He followed his profession at Galeton, Pennsylvania, for two months and then came to Bicknell, Indiana, locating here not alone in order to build up a clientage but also in pursuance of private interests. His success in a professional way affords the best evidence of iiis capabilities in this line. He is felicitous and clear in argument, thoroughly in earnest, full of vigor of conviction, never abusive of his adversaries, imbued with highest courtesy, and yet a foe worthy of the steel of the most able opponent.

On the 25th of December, 1909, Mr. Loucks was united in marriage to Miss Mae Fox, a daughter of Milton Fox, one of Vigo township's most influential agriculturists. Fraternally Mr. Loucks is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Ulysses, Pennsylvania, and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks at Brooklyn, New York. He is popular in professional and social circles alike, winning the regard and friendship of all with whom he comes in contact.

Joseph B. Kelso

Joseph B. Kelso has reached the venerable age of eighty years. He was formerly closely and actively identified with farming and gardening but is now practically living retired and has disposed of much of his property, although he still retains some of his land. His parents were William and Julia (Hogue) Kelso, who have long since passed away. The former was a native of County Cork, Ireland. Joseph B. Kelso pursued his education in one of the old-time schoolhouses of this locality and even in his school days became an active factor in the work of the home farm, aiding in the labors of the fields during the summer months and also in the morning and evening when school was not in session. In early manhood he worked for his father by the month and afterward when the railroad was built through this section of the country he secured employment in connection with its construction. Subsequently, however, he returned to farming and at first rented land, living in a two-room house. In time this prosperity enabled him to purchase property and afterward he bought and sold land as he had opportunity but has now disposed of all of his holdings save the place upon which he resides. He followed farming and gardening, giving his attention to the production of cereals best adapted to soil and climate and also to the raising of vegetables for the market. This work, in addition to his speculation in property, brought him a substantial income.

In March, 1861, Mr. Kelso was united in marriage to Miss Martha Jane Hollingsworth, a daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Palmer) Hollingsworth. Her death occurred in 1888 and two of their five children are now deceased, the youngest having died in infancy, while W. H. Kelso, who was the third of the family, has also passed away. Of those living, Charles Samuel married Lizzie Scott, who died leaving four children, Stella, Martha, Edith and Katie. Emma is the wife of Charles Bridgeman and has one daughter,

Mr. Kelso has served as a trustee of Vincennes township, but has not sought office, preferring to devote his time and energies to his business affairs up to his retirement a few years ago. He has long been a devoted and faithful member of the Presbyterian church and his life, honorable and upright, has gained for him the warm regard, confidence and good will of his fellowmen and made him in the evening of his days one of the most respected as well as one of the most venerable citizens of Vincennes.

Joseph R. Enley

For nearly thirty-five years a resident of Knox county, Joseph R. Enley has attained a position as one of its respected and responsible citizens. This position he has gained by a life of industry and by the application of common sense and sound management in business affairs that has made him one of the prosperous farmers of his locality. He was born in Pike county, Indiana, October 19, 1853. His father, Joseph R. Enley, was born in England and came to the United States with his parents in his boyhood, the family locating in Pike county, Indiana. He was a miller by trade, but engaged principally in farming and became a highly successful farmer. He was married to Elizabeth Chappel and eight children were born to them, the subject of this review being the youngest of the family.

Joseph R. Enley removed with his parents to Daviess county and later went to Warrick county, this state, coming to Knox county in 1876, when he was twenty-three years of age. He was well versed in agriculture and stockraising and, beheving that this county offered superior inducements, he purchased forty acres of land in Harrison township, which he farmed for three years, and then acquired one hundred and forty acres on section 16, Steen township, where he lived for twelve years. At the end of this time he purchased one hundred and three acres in donation 85 and still lives on that place. He is now owner of one hundred and eighty-eight acres of land in Knox county and three hundred and twenty acres in Randolph county, Arkansas. He is a man of industrious habits and good judgment and has prospered greatly in his operations. He owns one of the highly improved farms of the township, which is provided with every facility for carrying on an up-to-date farm.

In March, 1878, Mr. Enley was united in marriage to Miss Mary Adams, and five children were born to them, four of whom are now living : Luella, now Mrs. Arthur Small and the motner of six children ; William F. ; Sylvester; and Sarah F. The wife and mother having departed this life in 1888, Mr. Enley in 1889 was married to Samantha Small, of Knox county. One child, who died in infancy, was born to them and Mrs. Enley was called away in 189 1. Mr. Enley was a third time married in 1892, the lady of his choice being Miss Vina E. McClure and they are the parents of seven children, Dewey T., Lela, Lucinda, Edith, Irma, Joseph R., Jr., and Miriam. Mr. Enley casts his ballot with the republican party and socially is connected with the Tribe of Ben Hur. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, in which for many years he has been an active worker and an officer, now serving as trustee. His best friends are those with whom he has been most closely related and that is a good recommendation for any man. He has accepted as principles of his life to make his word as good as his bond and to deal justly, let the consequences be what they may. The result proves that his principles are correct and it would be difficult, indeed, to imagine a higher ideal.

Louis A. Frederick

Louis A. Frederick, a dealer in coal has won for himself a creditable measure of success through close application to business and strict conformity to a high standard of commercial ethics. He is also well known in fraternal and political circles, in both of which his influence has been felt. He was born in Louisville, Kentucky, and his education was acquired in the schools of his native city, and there he learned the trade of car repairing. Subsequently he went to Jeffersonville, Indiana, where he was employed at his trade for some time, and afterward removed to Indianapolis. From the capital city he came to Vincennes as car inspector for the Vandalia Railroad in 1885. He filled the position for five years, and then with the capital which he had acquired through his industry and economical expenditures, he embarked in business of his own account in 1890 as a dealer in coal. In the twenty years which have elapsed he has built up a business of gratifying proportions, having many patrons who have given him their business support through much of this period - a fact which indicates his thorough reliability in all trade transactions.

In 1885 Mr. Frederick was united in marriage to Miss Mary E. Lewe of Indianapolis, and they became the parents of twelve children, but James, the second, and Esther and Henry, who were the seventh and eighth in order of birth are all now deceased. Of the nine still living, Charles, the eldest, has had charge of his father's business for the past eight years. He was born on the 9th of January, 1886, in Vincennes, and early received business training in connection with the coal trade. He has always worked with his father and is still active in the management and control of the sales of the coal yard. The other members of the family are Damon, Pythias, Helen, Orville, Theodore, Morris, George, and Mary.

The parents are members of the Methodist Episcopal church and in that faith have reared their family. Mr. Frederick is also very prominent in fra- ternal circles, holding membership in several different organizations, including the Knights of Pythias, of which he is a past chancellor ; the Independent Order of Odd Fellows; the Tribe of Ben Hur; the Modern Woodmen of America; and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. At one time he was connected with the Maccabees and with the Travelers Protective Association, but is not affiliated with the last two at the present time. He has never been a politician in the usual sense of office seeking; he has served as county commissioner for three years. He is never remiss in the duties of citizenship and when his aid is needed in behalf of any public measure, it is freely given. His record is that of the self-made man, for from the outset of his business career he has depended upon his own exertions for his advancement, and his energy and laudable ambition have constituted the salient forces which have brought him to the position of affluence which he now occupies.

John J. Murphy

John J. Murphy, one of the well known business men of Vincennes, was born in Wisconsin, July 8, 1861, and is a son of William and Julia (Gleeson) Murphy, both of whom were natives of Ireland. The father was born about 1836 and, like many sons of Erin who have sought fortune in a distant clime, he came to America. He was married in New York city and seven children were born to him and his wife, three of whom are now living: Anna, who is the widow of Harry Wilson and lives in Chicago; Ellen, now Mrs. S. H. Kaufmann, of Chicago; and John J., the subject of this review.

Educated in the common schools of Wisconsin, John J. Murphy later learned the distilling business, to which his father devoted his attention for many years and in which he was very successful. In attaining a thorough knowledge of a difficult occupation to which he had determined to devote his life, John J. Murphy was identified with plants in Peoria, IHinois; Baltimore, Maryland; St. Louis, Missouri; and Chicago. In 1898 he came to Vincennes and was with the Interstate Distilling Company until three years ago, at which time the Murphy Distilling Company was founded, of which he is president and which is now recognized as one of the flourishing enterprises of western Indiana. The plant over which Mr. Murphy presides has a capacity of two thousand bushels of grain per day and gives employment to about thirty-five men. The product is shipped to leading distributing points of the middle west, among them St. Louis, Chicago, Cincinnati, Louisville and Pittsburg.

In 1904 Mr. Murphy was married to Miss Ellen McCarthy, who is a native of Knox county and was born in 1871. She is a daughter of Peter McCarthy, whose sketch appears elsewhere in this work. Mr. and Mrs. Murphy are members of the Roman Catholic church and, having no children of their own, are rearing two children who were left orphans by the death of a sister of Mrs. Murphy. Through this kind act these children possess the advantages of a pleasant home and opportunities of training and education that are so important in shaping a happy and successful life.

Mr. Murphy has been for many years identified with the democratic party and takes the interest of an upright citizen in the success of candidates that he considers most worthy of the support of a thoughtful voter. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and of the Country and Pastime Clubs. His faith in the growth of Vincennes is indicated by liberal investment in real estate and, as is shown above, he is a man of genial social instincts, of marked business ability and one who would have scored a success in any industry to which he might have devoted his attention.

George W. Mackey

George W. Mackey, who lives in Bicknell and is one of the flourishing business men of Knox county, was born in Daviess county, Indiana, July 31, 1868. He is a son of John and Mary B. (Watson) Mackey, the former of whom was born in Kentucky and the latter in Daviess county. The father came to Daviess county when quite a young man and Hved there until 1875, when he located on a farm near Edwardsport, Indiana, where he died in 1878. The mother departed this life at Bicknell in 1907. Nine children were born to Mr .and Mrs. Mackey: John Emery, deceased; James Henry, now a coal miner at Bicknell; Catherine, the wife of John Ashby, a farmer of Vigo township, Knox county ; Andrew Jackson, deceased ; Lizzie, who become the wife of Thomas Donaldson and is now deceased ; George W., our subject; Edward, of Sullivan county, this state; Charles, now engaged in coal mining at Bicknell; and Jessie, deceased.

The subject of this review was educated in the county schools of Daviess county and later spent two terms in the Edwardsport schools, finishing in the public schools of Bicknell. After laying his books aside he entered the mines and continued working there for five or six years, then engaging in the transfer business. However, he was again attracted to mining and for two years served as boss driver for the Knox mine. The transfer business held out a beckoning hand and he has since followed his present vocation. The business is conducted under the firm name of Mackey & Sons and has been very successful, the firm now owning sixteen head of horses, six transfer wagons, five farm wagons and four hacks, and its name is a synonym in the community for promptness and efficency. Our subject also owns a concrete block factory and a commodious home and two town lots in Bicknell. The concrete block factory has proven a valuable accession to the business interests of the town, as is evidenced by the amount of cement work which is being done on the streets and in connection with private residences.

In 1890 Mr. Mackey was united in marriage to Miss Rana Hollingsworth, of Linton, Indiana, and eight children have blessed their home, Lewis, Edgar, Guy, Lelan, Mark, George, Vernice and Margaret. The oldest son is now engaged in the mines.

Mr. Mackey is not identified with any religious denomination, but his wife is a worthy member of the Christian church. He is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Improved Order of Red Men and the Woodmen of America, all of Bicknell. Politically he is allied with the republican party and is a stanch advocate of its principles. He has made a practical demonstration in his career of what may be accomplished by one who is willing to devote the time and energy necessary in establishing a substantial business in an intelligent community. In building up his business he has also acquired a high character for efficiency and progressiveness, which are important aids in any man's career.

The medical profession at Vincennes claims many able and conscientious followers, among whom Dr. Maurice G. Moore occupies an honorable position. The son of a physician, he very early become acquainted with a calling to which he has devoted the best energies of his life. He is a graduate of three institutions of learning and, as he has from his boyhood been a close observer and a constant student, he has acquired a large amount of information which he has been able practically to apply in a profession that calls for the highest ability in its advocates and constantly urges them forward to new conquests.

Dr. Moore was born in Vincennes, December 18, 1871. His father. Dr. R. G. Moore, was born in Boone county, this state, in 1837, and as a medical practitioner gained an enviable reputation. The mother, Sarah Celine (Burns) Moore, was born in Ripley county, Indiana, in 1844. There were five children in the family, three of whom are deceased and two are now living: Charles Anna, now Mrs. W. E. Jenkins, of Bloomington, Indiana; and the subject of this review.

Dr. Maurice G. Moore gained his early education in the public schools of Knox county, later attending Vincennes University, from which he was graduated in the class of 1888. He then entered the State University at Bloomington, Indiana, graduating with the degree of A. B. in 1890. His medical studies were pursued at Jefferson Medical College, a noted institution of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and he was graduated with the degree of M. D. in 1894. He took a post-graduate course at the New York Post Graduate College of New York city and ever since entering upon his profession has kept in close touch with the latest developments in medicine and surgery. He has practiced in this city since 1894, making a specialty of surgery, although he also has a general practice which occupies a goodly portion of his time. He is a constant reader of the best medical journals and is often called in consultation by brother members of the profession. The large patronage which for years has been attracted to him is a just tribute to earnest and conscientious attention to a profession in which success is purchased only by daily self-sacrifice and at the cost of complete devotion to its service.

In 1894 Dr. Moore was united in marriage to Miss Flora B. Krueger, of Bloomington, Indiana. She is a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. August Kruger. Two children have been born to Dr. and Mrs. Moore, one of whom is now deceased. Robert G., the surviving child, is attending the public schools. He was bom March i, 1898.

Dr. Moore is a member of the American Medical Association, the Indiana State Medical Society, the Knox County Medical Society and the Lancet Club, of Vincennes, the latter being a social and scientific organization. He has acted as secretary and also as president of the Knox County Medical Society and served as vice president of the State Medical Society. He is in sympathy with the principles of the republican party, although not an active worker in politics, as the demands of his profession do not admit of outside interests. He is a member of the Presbyterian church and is a willing contributor in behalf of all causes that represent true benevolence and helpfulness. The possessor of many good qualities, he stands high in the regard of friends and acquaintances, not only as a practitioner of medicine but as a private citizen.

Conscientious in the performance of all professional duties, his ability resting upon comprehensive knowledge and understanding of the basic principles of the science of medicine and surgery. Dr. James N. McCoy is numbered among the native sons of Knox county, his birth having occurred in Harrison township, December 17, 1873. He is a son of John R. McCoy; a grandson of Robert McCoy, and a great-grandson of John McCoy, 2nd, who was a son of John McCoy, ist, of Virginia. This was one of the pioneer families of Virginia. John McCoy, ist, of Scotch parentage, was a man of parts and thrift and set the example of patriotism for his numerous descendants by serving in the war of the Revolution, holding the rank of captain. At least three of his sons also served in that war, they being William McCoy, 1st, who rose to the rank of general, Robert McCoy and John McCoy, 2nd, great-grandfather of the subject of this sketch. Captain John McCoy had a family of seven sons and four daughters. Some of these sons felt the "call of the wild" and emigrated to the wilderness of Ohio and Indiana. Two sons, John and Robert, settled in Harrison township, Knox county, Indiana. John McCoy was the first of the brothers to reach Indiana and made a wedding tour through the savage infested wilderness, bringing his bride, Catherine WilHams, with him and settled donation ii, Harrison township, Knox county, Indiana. Robert, also a veteran of the Revolution, soon followed with his bride and settled donation 12, adjoining his brother. These lands are still held in the family. They participated in the hostilities occasioned by frequent attacks of Indians, which culminated in the Tippecanoe campaign, when General William Henry Harrison gathered forces and marched against the Indians under Tecumseh and his brother the Prophet. After a daybreak attack by the Prophet in violation of a truce, the Indians were defeated November 7, 181 1, and their strength crushed, their villages burned and their corn destroyed. The whites were attacked in their camp. John McCoy was mortally wounded in the latter part of the engagement, walked to his tent, read a chapter in his Bible and died and was buried there with the others who fell. His widow lived to old age and reared the family consisting of four sons and two daughters. The sons even in early boyhood participated in the common defense of the community, in the block-house near their home. Robert settled on the old homestead. He was of stalwart physique and drew the sobriquet "Handsome Bob" to distinguish him from some of his cousins of the same name. He married Louisa Steen, a daughter of prominent family, who died at the age of thirtythree, leaving two sons, John and James. John R. McCoy was a man of sterling worth and integrity, and, though brought up in the privations of pioneer life, made the most of his limited opportunities and secured some education in the schools to which he added during his whole life. Though a busy farmer, he took time to read and was a student of men and affairs. He married Sarah Adams, a daughter of a prominent family of Virginia ancestry, carved out a home and reared four children, Ulysses G., a farmer ; B. F., a grain-dealer; Dr. James N. McCoy; and Libbie, who married J. D. Burnett. John R. McCoy, like his forebears was a God-fearing and righteous man. He with his wife early became members of the Methodist Episcopal church and was an adherent of that faith to his death. He was a life-long republican and was twice honored by his party by nominations for county office, though he was not a politician or place-seeker. He died in 1896, aged sixty-two years, mourned by all who knew him. His widow still survives, meriting and holding the afifection and esteem of a large circle of friends.

Dr. McCoy was educated in the public schools and at Vincennes University. Later he entered the Medical College of Indiana, from which he graduated in 1896. Immediately afterward he opened an office in Vincennes and has in the intervening years become both a popular and successful practitioner. He devotes much time to study and practice of electro therapeutics and ha^ an office splendidly equipped with all the electrical appliances which are regarded by the most advanced members of the profession as indispensable elements to successful practice. He is a member of the Knox County Medical Society, the Indiana State Medical Society and the American

Dr. McCoy has an interesting military record, having in 1900 joined the Indiana National Guard as a member of the First Regiment, in which he became battalion adjutant, while later he was elected a captain of Company A, First Infantry, and subsequently was made quartermaster of the regiment. In March 1910, as senior captain of the state, he was promoted to the rank of major and assigned to the Second Regiment, commanding the Third Battalion. He is an expert rifleman and is deeply interested in the military organization of the state, doing everything in his power to promote its efficiency. The troops under his control are thoroughly disciplined and their training has brought them to a high degree of efficiency.

On the 20th of April, 1898, Dr. McCoy was married to Mamie Johnston, a native of Knox county and a daughter of William G. Johnston, who came from Virginia. They now have one child, Mildred Lucille, born August 25, 1899. Dr. McCoy is a Mason, belonging to Vincennes Lodge, No. i, A. F. & A. M., of which he is senior warden and to Vincennes Chapter, No. 7, R. A. M. He is descended in both paternal and maternal lines from two of the oldest and most honored families of Knox county. The names of McCoy and Adams have been inseparably associated with the substantial development of this part of the state through four generations and the history of Dr. McCoy is in accord with that of an honorable ancestry.

John Bicknell

Among the native sons of Knox county who come of worthy parentage and have creditably upheld the good reputation of the family may be named John Bicknell. He was born in Bicknell, Vigo township, January 9, 1853, and has here passed his entire life. His parents were John and Liza Anne (Chancelor) Bicknell. The father was also a native of Knox county and spent his life here. He was prominent among the pioneers and owned two hundred acres of land where old Bicknell now stands, the town receiving its name in his honor. He was bom May 23, 1828, and died in March, 1907. The mother, also a native of this county, died in Labette county, Kansas, October 25, 1910. In the family were nine children : Alumford, a miner of Bicknell, who served in Company G, Fifty-first Indiana Regiment, at the time of the Civil war; Mary J., the wdow of Andrew Goflf, of Labette county, Kansas ; Nancie, of Labette, Kansas ; Carrie, deceased ; Ellen, the wife of Ellis Chambers, a mail carrier of Bicknell ; Florence, now Mrs. William Robinson, of Eureka Springs, Arkansas; John, our subject; William, of Kansas City, Missouri ; and Lincoln, deceased.

The subject of this review grew up under the friendly protection of the parental roof and was educated in the district school, where he received the rudiments of mental training, which have since been greatly developed by reading and observation. He early became acquainted with the details of farm work and before reaching manhood had acquired a knowledge sufficient to enable him to begin for himself with every expectation of abundant success. For thirty years he was closely identified with the farming interests of Washington township and gained a reputation as one of the substantial men of the region - one who attended closely to his duties and could always be relied upon to accomplish anything he undertook. Four years ago he retired from the farm, moving to Bicknell, where he has since made his home.

In March, 1881, Mr. Bicknell was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Richey, and five children came to bless the union. Ralph and Denver are both deceased. O. J. is a successful dentist of Bicknell. Ottie is the wife of Vivian Weaver, of Bicknell. Flossie May is living at home.

Mr. Bicknell as the resuh of his study and investigation of political affairs accepted many years ago the principles of the republican party as those best adapted to promote the interests of the country, and he is a stanch advocate of his party. Socially he is identified with the Masonic fraternity, the Modern Woodmen of America and the Court of Honor, all of Bicknell. He is a firm believer in the authority of the Bible and is a member and liberal supporter of the Baptist church. He has made many friends by his fine social characteristics and is recognized as a splendid type of American citizenship. He has all his life been connected with the interests of Knox county and is an advocate of the value of persistence and patience as virtues that should be cultivated by every aspiring young man. His aim is to work along lines of public improvement and permanent progress and thus he belongs to the class of men most needed by the country in the promotion of its welfare.

Harry Saiter

Vincennes has attracted many men of business talent and capability from other localities in Indiana and also from other states but it is noticeable that many of her successful business men were born in this city, grew up here and are now heads of large and successful enterprises. Among this number may be named Harry Salter, one of the organizers and senior member of the Saiter-Morgan Company. Although comparatively a young man, he has shown an ability that is regarded with pride by his early friends and associates and through his energy and perseverance has added materially to the prestige of this city s a business center.

Mr. Salter was born December 17, 1873, a son of Frank Z. and Eleanor (Bowman) Salter. His father is a native of Pennsylvania, born September

5, 1849, and came to Vincennes in 1871, where he has engaged in carriagemaking. The mother of the subject of this review was born in England and came to America in her early childhood. Six children were the result of the marriage of Frank Z. and Eleanor Saiter : Harry, whose name appears at the head of this sketch ; Jennie, now Mrs. George Turner, of Indianapolis ; Arthur, now of Pennsylvania, who enlisted in the Spanish-American war, spent two years in the Philippine Islands and lost a leg in the service; and Charles, Alice and Elmer, all of Vincennes.

Educated in the pubHc schools of Vincennes, Mr. Saiter laid aside his school books to enter business life as a clerk in the employ of the Cohen Clothing Company. After a fair initiation into business methods, he went to Chicago and for three years was connected with one of the hardware stores of that city. There he gained a good working knowledge of the hardware trade that he has since applied practically. Returning to his native town, he went into the carriage shop with his father and continued with him for twelve years. He was successful as a carriage manufacturer, but in the course of his work came to the conclusion that Vincennes presented a field for other lines, among them that of paints, glass and hardware. One of the distinctive characteristics of the American business man is his ability to take the initiative. He is not afraid to venture in new paths and even through grave difficulties may present themselves he often overcomes all obstacles and permanently establishes a new enterprise that is of marked importance in strengthening and developing the community. Fortune smiled on the Saiter-Morgan Company and today its headquarters at Seventh and Hickman streets occupy two large store rooms and the business, wholesale and retail, is a monument to the enterprise and energy of its founders. The rooms are stocked with well selected lines in the various departments and offices of the firm are maintained on the second floor of the building. The firm manufactures quite a number of the products used in the paint business and has a well directed force of traveling men in the field.

In 1897 Mr. Saiter was united in marriage to Miss Emma Frederick, a native of Germany, who came to America with her parents when she was in her girlhood. Four children have been born to them: Helen, born May I, 1898; Alice, born in September, 1900; Maurice, born in November, 1902; and Mary Frances, born June, 1906.

Mr. Saiter is affiliated with the democratic party but has not devoted much time to politics, the demands of a growing business requiring his principal attention. He is a member of the Episcopal church and in fraternal circles is identified with the Royal Arcanum, the Knights of Pythias and the Travelers Protective Association. He is a man of genial social qualities and, judging by what he has accomplished, would have made a success of anything that might have attracted his attention. It is evident that he belongs to the type of men who are endowed with good judgment and who, as the years pass, gather additional energies and knowledge which they are able to apply to practical use. It is men of this character who are at the foundation of the great business revolution which is to be witnessed in all the leading countries of the world and who may truly be designated as the modern evangels of peace and prosperity.

James J. Kelso

James J. Kelso occupies a beautiful home at the corporation limits of Vincennes on Fairgrand avenue. He is a retired farmer, having for a long period been closely and successfully connected with general agricultural pursuits. Throughout Knox county he has an extensive acquaintance and the leading traits of his character have been such as to gain for him the confidence, good will and high regard of all who know him.

He was born September 15, 1832, in the old house which was built by his father, William Kelso, who in early life was a resident of West Virginia, his home being in the vicinity of Kingsbury. The tide of emigration was steadily flowing westward and when nineteen years of age William Kelso determined to sever home ties and benefit by the opportunities offered in a new country, the resources of which were great, although its improvements were few. Accordingly he made his way westward to Knox county, then largely an undeveloped region, and purchased the land upon which his son James now resides. It was a wild tract upon which not a furrow had been turned or an improvement made, but with characteristic energy he began the development of the fields and in time converted the farm into a very productive tract of land, from which substantial harvests were annually gathered. He was the first settler upon this place and the creek which flows near the old home bears his name. He continued a resident of Knox county until his death and was recognized throughout the community as a man of the highest respectability.