Vincennes Township (part 4 of 14)

Abner T. Ellis

He was born in Xew England. He came here and commenced the practice of law. He secured a large and lucrative practice and accumulated a large estate. He was for many years President of the Board of Trustees of the Borough of Vincennes. He was an active promoter in organizing the Waliash Xavigation Company and in building the lock and dam at the grand rapids of the Waliash Kiver. He was one of the persons who advocated the building of the Ohio and Mississippi Eailroad connecting the Ohio and Mississppi Elvers by a railroad extending from Cincinnati, Ohio, through Vincennes to St. Louis. He was instrumental in procuring a charter from the States of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, to authorize the building of the road. He was elected the first president of the corporation formed to build it and was re-elected several times. The road was finally biult and in great part through his active support. He was elected Probate Judge of Knox County and also a State Senator from Knox County. After an active life and the accumulation of a large estate, he died in this city in October, 1 864:^ in embarrassed circumstances.

Jonathan Doty

He was born in Somerville, Xew Jersey, and was a graduate of Princeton College. He came to Vincennes when a very young man l)ut must have had winning and attractive manners as he was elected soon after, and became President Judge of the Knox Circuit Court. But he did not hold the position very long as he died during his term, February 22, 1822.

William Prince

He came to Vincennes during territorial days and commenced his active bnsiness life here. He was a lawyer l\v profession. He was elected President Judge of the Knox Circuit Court in 1817. He was a young man when he came here and married Theresa Punyea, a daughter of one of tlie old resident French families of Vincennes. The family resided on the corner of Main and Sixth streets, where the Presbyterian parsonage now stands. The father and mother of his wife lived to an advanced age, being over ninety years old at death. Judge Prince was elected to Congress from this district in 182-1, but died during his term of office. When Gibson County was organized in 1813, Judge Prince removed there with his family and "Princeton,^' the county seat was named in his honor. He left surviving him, two daughters, one of whom married Samuel Hall, once Lieutenant-Governor of Indiana, and afterwards President of the Evansville and Terre Haute Eailroad. Many of his descendants are now living in Princeton. He died in 1821.

Rt. Rev. Simon William Gabriel Brute

He was the first Poman Catholic Bishop of the Diocese of Vincennes. He was born in Eennes, France, March 20, 1779, of noble parentage. He was finely educated and prepared for a medical profession and a bright field in his native country was open before him. But he turned his back upon 'it and determined to enter the ministry and fill up the ranks depleted by the fury of the French Eevolution. He arrived at Baltimore, Md., August 10, 1809. He was first engaged in teaching in a seminary in Baltimore, but was soon transferred to Mt. St. Mary's College at Emmitsburg. He built up this college and made it one of the principal seats of learning in this country, a reputation it still enjoys. While quietly employed at this college he was, against his wishes, appointed the first Bishop of the newly created Diocese of Vincennes, then in an impoverished and unorganized condition. He was consecrated by Bishop Flaget of Louisville, at St. Louis, and in company with Bishops Flaget and Purcell, came here and took possession of his pauper diocese, saying his first mass in the nnplastered cathedral on November 5, 1834. He soon gained the esteem of the people generally and by his charitable and virtuous deportment, acquired the reputation of sanctity. He died on the 26th of June, 1839, and his remains are entombed in the basement chapel of the cathedral.

He was the second Bishop of the Catholic Diocese of Vincennes. He was born in the Town of Comborg, France, May 2, 1798. The French Eevolution was still desolating France and the Eeign of Terror was exterminating the priesthood. Being of noble birth and assured of an honorable career in civil life, he determined to join the ministry and fill up its thinned ranks. He was ordained priest at Paris on May 28, 1825. When Bishop Brute was in France seeking priests for his diocese, he met him and determined to accompany him to this country and aid him in the work of building up his diocese. He arrived at Vincennes in the fall of 1836. He was assigned to work as parish priest at Vincennes and continued to labor in that position until the death of Bishop Brute. At that time he was in France solie- i ting funds for the diocese. He Avas appointed the second bishop Avhile in France and was consecrated at tlie Chapel of the Sacred Heart in Paris, by Bishop Janson, assisted 1)y the Bishops of Versailles and Beauvais. Soon after his consecration, he started for A^incennes and arrived here Xovember 14, 1839. He had succeeded in collecting a large sum of money in France which he nsed in finishing the cathedral. He was a man of lil)eral ideas and good judgment and foresight and prudently purchased real estate in all parts of the diocese, which was of great value to the church. He continned to preside over the diocese until 1848, when he resigned the see and returned to his ancestral home in France. Here he lived in retirement on his estate at Triandin, France, until he died on ^Fay 1, 1882. He never forgot the diocese of Vincennes and every year sent from his private means considerable sums of money to aid the diocese. He always expressed a wish to be Iniried in Yincennes. In accordance with this desire, his nephew, Ernest Audran, went to France and procured his remains, and brought them to Yincennes, and on the 22d of Xovember, 1882, they were entomljed with appropriate religious services in the l)asement chapel of the cathedral.

Rt. Rev. James M. Matrice De Long De St. Palais

He was the fourth Bishop of Yincennes. He was born at La Salvetat in the Diocese of ^Montpelier, in the south of France, Xovember 15, 1811. He was descended from an ancient and noble family. He could trace his ancestry back through centuries. His family was wealthy. But he decided on a ministerial course and for this purpose was educated at the cele])rated Seminary of St. Sulpice at Paris. He finished his theological stiulies at this seminary and was ordained priest by Bishop Brute when he was on a visit to France. He determined to devote his life to missionary work in the West. He came to Yincennes and was assigned to duty in various parts of the diocese. He was for some time at Cliieago, when it was a mere village. He was afterwards at Logansport and other small missionary stations in the state, undergoing all the hardships and privations incident to pioneer life in the wilderness. He was on the death of Bishop Bazin, appointed the fourth Bishop of A^incennes on October 3, 1848. On the 14th of Jannary, 1849, he was consecrated Bishop in St. Francis Xavier Cathedral by Bishop Miles of Nashville, and Bishop Spaulding of Louisville. He immediately entered on the discharge of his duties. He soon gained the good will of all with whom he came in contact, and of all denominations. He was the most unassuming and approachable man that was ever known in Vincennes. He seemed to be as innocent as a child and always had a pleasant word for any one he met. He was connected with the Diocese of Vincennes for 41 years, 13 of which he spent as a missionary priest in a wild and sparsely settled country, and 28 as head of the diocese. He died very suddenly at St. Mary's Academy near Terre Haute, June 28, 1877, and his remains Avere entombed in the basement chapel of the cathedral.

Rev. Samuel T. Scott

He was the pastor of the Presbyterian church of this place, who died December 30, 1827. This good and exemplary pastor was virtually the luiilder and organizer of the Presbvterian church and congregation in Vincennes. By his pure holy and exemplary life he endeared himself to all classes of people and his death was universally regretted. We extract from the Western Sun of January 12, 1828, from an obituary notice of this truly good and pious pastor:

"In the death of this worthy and pious man society is bereaved of one of its most useful and amial)le memljers. The general gloom spread over the country! the number larger than we have ever witnessed here on a similar occasion

Avho assembled to pay the deceased the last solemn tribute of their respect; the tears of alfection aud friendship shed upon his grave are evidences strong and clear of the worth of our departed friend/'

Henry M. Shaw

He was the pastor of the Episcopal church here for many years. In addition to his pastoral duties he conducted a seminary for the education of young ladies. He was one of the most eloquent men who ever lived in A^incennes. On the occasion of Lafayette's visit to this country in 1825, he was selected by the citizens here to go to Louisville and deliver a welcome address on the occasion of his visit to that city. He went and delivered the address of welcome which was pronounced by Lafayette and the many who heard it, to have been the finest address delivered on such occasions, among the many which had been delivered in different parts of the country. He was elected to represent this district in the Senate of Indiana. After a long and brilliant career here, he determined to go to Texas and locate. He started with his family but died on the way and his family returned to this place.

Michael Edgar Shawe

He was bom in England in the village of Oscott. He received a fine education and was appointed a captain in the British army. During his military service the battle of Waterloo was fought and his regiment was in the thickest of the battle. He received a severe wound and was carried from the field and it was thought he could not recover. But his mother hastened to his side and nursed him through a sickness of many months. After his recovery, he determined to abandon a military career and become a minister of the gospel. He resigned his commission in the British army and went to the Seminary of St. Sulpice in Paris, to study for the ministrv. He finished his ecclesiastical studies here. But before bis ordination was found l)y Bishop Bnite^ then in France, seeking priests for his diocese. He agreed to accompany him and came here with him and was ordained priest by the Ijishop, March 12, 183T. He was among the most gifted and eloquent men who ever resided here. He immediately commenced his career as a Catholic priest. He accompanied the bishop on his visitation throughout the diocese, preaching everywhere to large congragations. He was first stationed at Madison and by his exertions, built up St. Michael's church. He was afterwards appointed Professor of Belles Lettres in Notre Dame University and continued his connection with that university for several years, and left it in a flourishing condition. He was appointed pastor of the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul at Detroit. His brilliant career was unfortunately terminated by an accident when on his way to consecrate a church in the vicinity of Detroit, which resulted in his death. May 10, 1853. His remains were interred in the family lot of R. R. Elliott, a banker of Detroit, who erected a fine monument over his grave, with the coat of arms of his family inscribed upon it.

Elihu Stout

He was born in Newark, New Jersey, and learned the printers trade. He came West and obtained employment on the Kentucky Gazette, published at Lexington, Kentucky, by the Bradfords. He remained with them several years. Afterwards he went to Nashville, Tennessee, and obtained employment there. He there made the acquaintance of Andrew Jackson and contracted a frienddiip which continued during their lives. When the Indiana Territory was organized he determined to come to Vincennes, the capital of the territory, and start a ncAvspaper. He made all the necessary preparations to start his paper, surmounting many difficulties. He finally surmounted them all and issued the first number of (14) his paper, July 4, 180-1. This office was destroyed by fire in 1806. But he immediately went to Kentucky and purchased another outfit. And on the 4th of July, 1807, he issued a number of his paper. This was the first paper published within the limits of Indiana, and the first i^aper published anywhere in the !N'orthwest Territory save the "Liberty Hall*' and "Cincinnati Gazette,"^ published at Cincinnati, Ohio, a few months previous. This paper thus founded has with slight interruptions, a eontinned cxistanee to the present time.

It is now and has always been Democratic in politics. In 1845, Mr. Stout was appointed postmaster at Vincennes, and severed his connection with the press. At the expiration of his term as postmaster, he was elected by the voters of Knox County, Recorder of Deeds for two terms, although the county was strongly opposed to him in politics at the time. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He was also a very enthusiastic Free ^Fasou and was the first Master of the Lodge here. After the organization of tlie Grand Lodge of Indiana, he ^Yas elected (xrand Master of that lodge. He often requested during life to be buried by the Masonic fraternity. His death was very sudden and hastened by the troubles in the Democratic party in 1860, which he believed Avould result in the dissolution of the Union or a long and bloody war. He died in x\pril, 1860, and according to his wishes was buried with Masonic orders in the city cemetery.

John F. Bayard

He was born in Grenoble, France, September 11, 1786. He enlisted in the French army and became an officer in the Grand Army of the Empire under Bonaparte. He partici- pated in the various campaigns and battles in which the Grand Army took part. He fortunately passed through the ordeal unhurt. When the Emperor abdicated in 1815, he resigned his commission in the army and received an honorable discharge. He then determined to leave France and come to ihe United States. He applied for and received permission from the authorities to emigrate. He came to this country and settled for brief periods in different places. He finally came to Vincennes aljout 1820, and permanently located. He married here, Mary Ann Bonean in 1823, and became the father of a large famih', six daughters and three sons. The children all married. Susan married M. A. Pilard, Mary Louise married Prosper Eluere, Adelia married Marcelle D. Lacroix, Eleanor P. married Charles A. Weisert, Mary Elizabeth married Henry Y. Somes and Margaret Clotilda married Henry S. Cauthorn. The three sons all become prominent and influential bank men. Samuel was president of the largest bank in Evansville at the time of his death. John Francis was a prominent bank man here until his death and Joseph L. Bayard is now president of the First Xational Bank of Vincennes, Indiana.

Mr. John F. Bayard was a successful business man and left a large estate. He was an exemplary and practical Catholic. He died February 13, 1853, and was buried in the Catholic cemetery.

John Moore

Judge Moore, as he was familiarly called, was l)orn in the City of Staunton, Virginia, in the year 1788. He came to Vincennes at a very early age in time to enlist in the army which C4en. Harrison raised for the Tippecanoe Campaign in 1811, and went with that army and took part in that bloody l)attle. He afterwards returned to this place and enlisted in a company and performed valuable services in the Black Hawk Avar. After that Avar Avas over he commenced here as a builder and contractor of public and private buildings. He l)uilt the Knox County Court House, the ToAvn Hall and St. James Episcopal church, and in fact, all the principal public and private buildings erected in the toAvn for thirty years. He also during that time filled many places of trust and profit under the Borougb Government, and Avas Trustee, Marshal and President of the Board of Trustees of the Borouo-h. He Avas elected Judge of the Knox C'ount}' Probate Court and for many 3^ears discharged the duties of that important position with fidelity and general satisfaction. He was a careful and prudent financier and on account of his peculiar fitness for the position, was appointed agent of the Vincennes Branch of the State Bank of Indiana, which responsible position he filled and held with marked ability until the charter of the bank expired. When the city government was organized in 1856, he was elected first Mayor of the city and was re-elected to the same position. The city was organized soon after the state law was passed providing for the organization of cities. It was one of the first cities organized under that law and was without a code of ordinances for its government. The first City Council by resolution required the city attorney to prepare and report a code of ordinances for its government. The writer was at the time city attorney and was engaged for a period of two years in drafting and reporting such a code as the ordinances had to be drafted without any guide to resort to as no city in the state had at the time any code. In the preparation of the code of ordinances, Judge Moore by his experience and acquaintance in dealing with such matters, rendered the writer important and invaluable ser^dces. The code of ordinances thus prepared was published by Harvey Mason & Co., comprising according to recollection over 300 pages of printed matter. Before the expiration of his second term as flavor, he was appointed by President Buchanan, postmaster at Vincennes, and during his four years term discharged his duties faithfully and satisfactorily to the citizens. At the end of his term as postmaster he retired from active business having by prudence, industry and economy acquired a fortune sufficient for all his wants. He was a model and upright citizen, a kind and affectionate father. He was a member of the Catholic chtirch and a Democrat in politics. He died December 23, 1864, and was buried in the Catholic cemetery on Christmas day.

Samuel Wise

He was born in Brownsville, Pennsylvania. He came to Vincennes and permanently located. He was preceeded here by his brother, John, and later by his brother, William J. These three brothers formed the partnership of J. S. & ^\. J. Wise, which has the distinction of a continued existence of thirty-five years and was never settled until after the death of all the partners. After the death of William J. Wise, the last survivor of the firm, the partnership affairs were adjusted and the heirs of John and Samuel received their portion without any trouble. But William J. Wise never married and made a will and after a long and expensive contest, the will was sustained and his interest distributed among his devisees. Mr. Samuel Wise possessed good judgment and his advice was always sought. He was very unassuming and was kind to all who approached him. He was a very ardent Democrat and took a deep interest in politics. He was a great admirer of John C. Calhoun and ^A'a^mly espoused his views. He was not an office seeker, but he was appointed by President Polk, Receiver of Public Monies at this place, which was the only official position he ever held. He was not a member of any secret society or of any church. But his family affiliated with the Presbyterian church and he was always ready to furnish aid to that church. He died suddenly N'ovember 3, 1855.

Andrew Gardner

He was born in the State of Massachusetts. He came to Yincennes and located permanently in 1816. He engaged in the cabinet making and undertaking business which he continued until his death. He was the principal undertaker in the place during his life. After his death the business was successfully carried on by his son, E. G. Gardner, who is still living at the advanced age of 82 years. He voluntarily retired from business and passed its good will to his son, Dexter Gardner, who continued it alone for many years and last year took his son, George Gardner, as partner, and they are still conducting the same business originally started in 1816 by Andrew Gardner. The business is now conducted by Dexter Gardner & Son, who are the principal undertakers in the city. Andrew Gardner was a model citizen. He was frequently called to fill important offices in the Borough of Vincennes. He was not an office seeker and the positions he obtained were freely bestowed upon him. He was on one occasion the Democratic candidate for Treasurer of Knox County. The politics of the county was strongly Whig at the time, and that party fearing the personal popularity of ]\Ir. Gardner, nominated against him, James Johnson, their strongest man. The race was exciting but Mr. Johnson was elected by a very small majority. ^Ir. Gardner was a faithful member of the Methodist chure-h. He died in the spring of 1860.

Nicholas Smith

Mr. Smith was one of the oldest successful and highly respected business men who ever resided in A^incennes. He was of Scotch descent. He \vas born in the City of Xewark, Xew Jersey, September 14, IT 90. His father lost his life in the Passaic Eiver when lie was only two years old. He was thus thrown upon his own resources, Init he set out with an earnest determination to make his way through the world, in 1810 he came to Cincinnati, Ohio, and opened a tin shop on Fourth street. Two years later lie returned on foot to his native city. In 1817 he again came West intending to locate in St. Louis. On his way he passed though Yincennes. After remaining in St. Louis a very short time he determined to return to Vincennes and permanently locate here. He opened a hardware store on the corner of Alain and Second streets and afterwards removed to the large brick building which he erected on Main street, where he continued to carry on business until his death in conjunction with his two sons, John A. and Edward H. Smith. During seventeen 3Tars of his life, he engaged in trading and boating to Xew Orleans. He also engaged in land speculation in Indiana and Illinois, travelling on horsel)ack over the Wabash Valley in both states, and became widely kuown in the W^abash Valley as far as Lafayette. His boating and trading operations to Xew Orleans were conducted on an extensive scale, some years sending as many as forty flatboats down the Mississppi Elver. He was strictly attentive to his own business affairs and was never tempted to engage in polities or any otlier outside matters. By his sagacity and prudence he amassed a large fortune which he left to his children. Two of his sons are still in business in this city and two others built up one of the largest hardware establishments in Terre Haute. Mr. Smith was not a member of any religious society, but was partial to the Presbyterian church and contributed largely to the sup- port of that church. He was up to the time of his death very vigorous and active and was an early riser and every day until a few days before his death, was one of the first to be seen on the streets of the city. Notwithstanding his extensive business transactions, he did so without friction or incurring the ill will of any one with whom he had dealings, and enjoyed the good will and friendship of all the citizens of the city. He was probably the best known of any of the citizens of Vincennes. He died on Tuesday, August 1, 1871, after a brief illness of only four days. As a testimony of his standing and appreciation among his friends and neighbors, his remains were followed to the grave l)y an immense concourse of citizens.

Benjamin V. Beckes

He was of Welch descent but was born in Vincennes in 1786. He was raised in Vincennes and spoke French fluently. He was a farmer and stock raiser and was very successful and accumulated a large estate. His brother, Parmenas Beckes, was Sheriff of the county in 1813, and was killed in a duel with Dr. Edward Skull. Benjamin V. Beckes was appointed to fill out the balance of his tenn and was twice re-elected to the same office. He was brave to a fault and commanded troops in the Indian wars in this part of the country. He was captain of a company in the Black Hawk Avar. He also commanded a company at the battle of Tippecanoe. He was kind and generous to his friends. He never forgot a friend or forgave an enemy. He served in the State Legislature several terms. He was a Democrat in politics and took a deep interest in all political matters. He was a member of the Catholic church at his death and was buried in the Catholic cemetery.

George E. Greene

was employed in the office of the Louisville Journal, then conducted by the celebrated George D. Prentice. He remained here until the fall of 1856, when he came here and purchased the Western Sun newspaper. That paper when he purchased it was entirely run down, and its publication suspended. Mr. Greene soon resurrected it and made it one of the most influential papers in the state. When he came here the parties were about equally divided in politics. But Mr. Greene took the lead and management of party affairs. He attended all conventions and public meetings of the party and planned all campaigns. He managed affairs so successfully that the Democratic party soon had a majority of 1200 in the coimty. He w^as a magnetic man and attracted to him all persons with whom he came in contact. He was appointed Registrar of the Land Office here and remained in office until the records were destroyed by fire in April, 1860. He was elected by the Legislature one of the directors of the Indiana State Prison at Jeffersonville, for a term of four years. In 1809 he was elected ^layor of the City of A^incennes. He was a very social man and a welcome guest at all social functions. He was a member of the Catholic church and was buried in the Catholic cemetery. He died October 15, 1870.

Lkwis L. Watson

Mr. Watson is one of the oldest and most highly respected citizens of Vincennes. He was born in Vincennes on the 13th day of April, 1809. His father, Piobert G. Watson, was of Scotch descent and was a prominent merchant and fur trader of Vincennes. His mother, Genevieve Watson, was descended from one of the oldest French families, who came here as early as ITOl. Mr. Watson received but limited educational advantages in his youth, but in after life by study and application, he acquired a fine business education which he utilized in his business affairs. In 1826 he went to St. Louis and learned the tailors trade. He soon returned to his native town to follow his trade, but in 1832 he returned to St. Louis, but in 1833 returned to Vincennes and has resided here ever since. He worked at his trade in partnership with the late Samuel E. Dunn until 1849, when he was appointed by President Taylor, postmaster at Vincennes. He continued in this office until 1853. He then was appointed Collector of Tolls of the Wabash ISTavigation Company at the lock and dam of the Wabash Eiver, at the grand rapids. He then served for a- short time as the conductor of a passenger train on the Evansville and Crawfordsville Eailroad, now known as the E vans vi lie and Terre Haute Eailroad. He was soon promoted and appointed agent of the railroad at Vincennes. He also at the same time carried on a lumber yard in partnership with the late Charles Dawes. In 1859 he was appointed paymaster and supply agent of the Ohio and Mississippi Eailroad, which he resigned in 1871, to take an active part in the hotel business in partnership with the late Isaac Mass and with him established the Union Depot Hotel which business he still carries on in partnership with his son, Edward Watson. Mr. Watson by an energetic and prudent business career, has accumulated a large fortune until he is now reputed as one of the wealthiest men in Vincennes. Hs is a member of the Eoman Catholic church and in politics is a Democrat. He was married N'ovember 6, 1832, to Lydia Fellows, a daughter of Captain Willis Fellows. To this union twelve children w^ere born, four sons and two daughters are yet living. Mr. Watson at his advanced age still survives and continues to act as a director of the First Xational Bank of Vincennes, one of the largest banking institutions in the city.

George Wallace J0Ne3

He was born in A^incennes on April 12. 1804. He was the son of John Rice Jones, who was a native of Wales. He was educated at Transylvania University, Lexington, Kentucky. He left Vincennes and first went to Missouri, but in 1827, he moved to Sissinewa Mound, Wisconsin. In 1829 he married Josephine Gregoire of St. Genevieve, Missouri. He served in the Black Hawk war on Gov. Dodge's staff. In 1835 he was elected delegate to Congress from Michigan, and re-elected in 1837. In 1840 he w^as appointed Surveyor General at Dubuque. In 1848 he was elected to the United States Senate from Iowa, holding the position eleven years. In 1859 he was appointed Minister to Bogota. He died at Dubuque, Iowa, July 22, 1896, and was buried in Mt. Olivet cemeter}'.

John Ewing

He was born in Ireland, but he always claimed that he was born on an American ship on the ocean on his way to this country. But after his death his naturalization papers taken out in the Marine Court of Baltimore, were found by his adiiiinistrator. His rich Irish brogue detected his ancestry. In the heated political contest of 1844, his vote was challenged and he was called upon to produce his naturalization papers. This he refused to do claiming to be an American citizen. This challenge came near producing a riot which was only prevented by the challenge being withdrawn. He came to Vincennes very rich and engaged in merchandizing. But possessing a diamond mind and fine education, he soon drifted into politics. He was a fluent and versatile speaker. He was elected to many positions under the borough. He was also frequently elected a member of the Senate and House of the Indiana Legislature. He was also elected to Congress for two terms from this district. Being a ready speaker his services were in constant demand during the campaigns of 1840 and 1844, and he made a speech almost every day in some part of Indiana or Illinois. He was of a very excitable disposition which prevented him accomplishing the good his talents would otherwise have enabled him to do. Mr. Ewing before his death had gotten away with all his estate and in his last days was an object of charity. He never married and lived a lonely life. He died April 6, 1858, and was buried in the city cemetery in a lot by himself and thus sleeps his last sleep as solitary as he lived.

William E. Niblack

He was born in Dubois County, Indiana, May 19, 1823. He studied law and commenced the practice at Mt. Pleasant, then the county seat of Martin County. He was elected from Martin County to the State Legislature and also to the Senate of Indiana. He declined a re-election to' the Senate. In 1854 he was appointed Judge of the Judicial Circuit Court in which Knox County was situated and came here to reside. While still on the bench of the Circuit Court he was nominated by the Democrats for Congress and was elected without opposition. He was re-elected a member of Congress by large ])opnlar majorities until his service in Congress was fourteen years. He was also elected in 1862 a member of the House of Eepresentatives in the Indiana Legislature. After his congressional career he was nominated in 1876 as the Democratic candidate for Judge of the Supreme Court of Indiana and was elected. On the expiration of his first term he was re -elected and thus served on that exalted tribunal twelve years. He was a candidate for re-election in 1888 but went down with his party in the defeat of that year. This was the first and only defeat at an election before the people he ever sustained. All the official positions he occupied seemed to come to him unasked for. He was the most successful candidate before the people the state has ever produced. After his defeat for Supreme Judge in 1888, he removed to Indiana- 23olis, as it presented a wider field for the practice of his profession. He soon came into a large practice which was abruptly terminated by his death May 7, 1893. His remains were buried in Crown Hill cemetery at Indianaj^olis.

John Law

Pie was a native of New London, Connecticut, where he was born October 24, IT 96. He came to Vincennes and lo-' cated for the practice of law in 1817. He rose rapidly at the bar and in public estimation. For more than a quarter of a century he was the central figure in all enteq^rises and projects calculated to advance Yincennes. He was its first historian and being a fine orator he held a high place in the councils of his party and was generally alluded to as the favorite son of Knox County. He was Prosecuting Attorney and Judge of the Knox Circuit Court, Keceiver of Pul)lic ^lonies for this district, LTnited States Commis'^ioner to ad just land titles in this district and a member of Congress for two terms. A short time before his death he removed tO)

Evansville to look after the landed interests of a brother who resided in Connecticut. Bnt he always cherished a love and affection for Yincennes and wished to be buried here. He married Sarah Ewing, a daughter of ::^athaniel Ewing. He died October 7, 1873, at Evansville, Indiana, and according to his request his remains were brought here and buried in the city cemetery.

Thomas R. Cobb

He was bom in Lawrence County, Indiana, July 2, 1828. He studied law and commenced the practice at Bedford, Indiana, in 1853. In 18(^;7 he removed to Vincennes and in partnership with ^^ewton F. :\Ialott commenced the practice here. This firm soon secured a large and profitable business. In 1870 Mr. ^lalott was elected Judge of the Knox Circuit Court. The business of the late firm was successfully continued by Mr. Cobb until 1876, when he was elected to Congress from this district. He was re-elected to Congress by successive electioiis for ten consecutive years. Before he came here to reside he had been elected to the State Senate of Indiana and was a prominent and influential member of that bod}^ After he came here he was elected a member of the City Council of Vincennes. He was also the Democratic candidate for presidential elector in 1868 and made a thorough canvass of the dis^ict. As a member of Congress he was chairman of the Committee on Public Lands and through his exertions, "Harrison Park'" was donated by Congress to Yincennes. ^Ir. Cobb died in 1893 and was buried in the city cemetery.

The list of the number of distinguished men who have been connected with Vincennes in the past could be extended, but time and space forbid.

Conclusion

It must be admiHed that Yincennes has a past histor}- that is both venerable and honorable and that places her in the front rank among the cities of tlie state. It is true that for years she was held in abeyance by a sort of Eip Van AYinkle sleep that paralyzed her energies and prevented her material progress. But this condition of affairs on account of the infusion of new blood consequent upon the arrival of active and enterprising citizens has been arrested and the ancient city aroused from her long lethargy, has entered upon a splendid career of progress. The old order of things has been done away and a new and active era has been evolved from this change of population. The hard working and prudent German, the energetic and prolific Irishman and many other races from Europe have come and infused new life in the mass of our population. The influence is producing good results in the many evidences of prosperity and accomplished results. The money making Yankee and the discerning Jew can be seen on our streets. In fact everything today is indicative of a glorious future for the City of Yincennes.

But this bright prospect although long delayed might have been expected from the opinions of the place and its natural advantages expressed by the missionary fathers who first visited it before the advent of civilized men and when it was in the midst of a vast wilderness. These men were far seeing: and almost with prophetic vision foretold the future of various places they visited in their wanderings. In no instance have their prophetic utterances failed of fruition unless it shall be in the solitary instance of Yincennes. They declared that the site of this place when they first beheld it was des- fined on account of its surroundings to become in course of time the seat of a great city, possessing an extensive commerce, great wealth and a dense population. They made the same prophetic utterances with reference to Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Louisville, Detroit, Chicago, St. Paul, St. Louis, San Francisco and many other cities, which have since, all verified their predictions. And why should their opinions with regard to Vincennes not l^e realized ? Its splendid location and immediate surroundings indicate that the city will in the future go forward with gigantic strides. There is nothing in nature or political conditions in the way of its accomplishment. If the citizens will all take heart and put their shoulder to the Avheel of progress, it will roll forward with increasing speed year by year. Everything at present indicates that we are on the eve of the realization of golden dreams and that the dull and monotonous past will be swallowed up and obliterated from memory in the brilliant achievement of the opening future. That this will be an accomplished fact we have no more doul^t than we have when we see the sun sink behind the western horizon at nightfall, that it will rise again on the morrow, with undimmed brilliancy. All that is necessary is for all the citizens to work together in harmony and with united action for its accomplishment and it will be accomplished.

Source changes here: from History of Old Vincennes and Knox County, Indiana, by Greene, George E, published 1911; 156,326 words in this source stream.

Frank L. Oliphant

One of the surprises of modern times, unknown before the advent of the telegraph and the railroad but standing out more clearly in very recent years, is the rapid growth of important business enterprises. Not like Jonah's gourd, which we are told sprang up in a night and disappeared the next day, are many of these magnificent creations of the marvelous brain of man. Some of them assumed tangible shape quickly, but fostered and encouraged by genius, they have grown from a slender sapling to a great tree which, like the banyan, gives shelter to thousands.

In the list of great modern enterprises should be named the Vincennes Bridge Company. Conceived only ten years ago and starting only as a little factory with a small financial foundation but great expectations, the Vincennes Bridge Company has gained a name which is known all over the world and is today one of the largest manufactories of highway bridges in existence. Its output of twelve hundred bridges yearly fails to meet the constantly increasing demand and extensive plans are made for large additions. The plant is thoroughly modern and is supplied with all the machinery and devices for fabricating the iron and steel into shape and reducing the material to sizes convenient for transportation and handling, at the place of consignment. This plant is one of the most important works at Vincennes and as its output has already reached a million dollars a year, the prospect of largely increased capacity is regarded with unmixed gratification by everybody interested in the welfare and growth of the city.

Frank L. Oliphant was one of the original promoters and is general manager and treasurer of the great enterprise briefly outlined above. He is a native of Monroe county, Indiana, having been born at Buena Vista on the 29th of March, 1865. His father, William L. Oliphant, was born in the same village when it was just emerging from the pioneer state of its ex- istence and his mother was Susan Bowen, also a native of Monroe county. Six children were born unto Mr. and Mrs. Oliphant, of whom the subject of this sketch is the oldest. Other members of the family are: John T., now president of the Vincennes Bridge Company ; H. A., superintendent of the company : Ada, now Mrs. Robert Cameron, of Vincennes ; Ida, now the wife of Dr. Eugene Bowers, also of Vincennes; and Mrs. Eva Smith, of Illinois. The father, who was a farmer all his life, removed to Vincennes in 1904 and lives upon his farm which is about a quarter of a mile from the city. He is still active although well advanced in years and is one who has always borne his full part in the duties and responsibilities of a large family and in the upbuilding of the community.

Frank L. Oliphant received his preliminary education in the public schools, later attending the State University and the Central Normal College, a noted school, at Danville, Indiana, from which he was graduated as a teacher in 1893. He taught school for seven years prior to graduation and continued in the same calling for seven years after receiving his diploma. The latter part of his experience as a teacher was spent as principal of schools in Nebraska and Colorado, four years being passed in the Centennial state whose grand mountains and marvelous attractions of scenery and climate made a lasting impression upon his mind. In 1898, however, the spell which held him in the mountains was broken by a call to his old home.

Here he became associated with his brother, John T. Oliphant, and J. L. Riddle in founding the \'incennes Bridge Company, to which he has since given his almost undivided attention. Mr. Oliphant is the happy possessor of two accomplishments seldom met with in the same person - high education and unusual business ability. The educated man has in the past usually been found on the salaried list while the man with the business brains has occupied a position at the helm. Perhaps the world is changing and the time has arrived when book training does not incapacitate its possessor from large responsibilities at the head of a great business concern. In the case of Mr. Oliphant this seems to be true and no one who has visited the plant and noted the perfection of its workings will draw a line and say. "thus far and no farther." Its possibilities in an age when means of transportation over roadways are growing by leaps and bounds, no mind can foretell.

Mr. Oliphant was united in marriage in March, 1884, to Miss M. Elma Martindale, of Cincinnati, Indiana, who died leaving one child. Earl, who is now married and in charge of a farm near Oaktown. In 1899 ^r. Oliphant married Hattie Martindale. a sister of his first wife, and to them has been bom a daughter, Leona.

Although Mr. Oliphant is a busy man he has not shirked the obligations which men of large interests are expected to discharge in their community. He is a director of the German National Bank, a member of the Board of Trade, and his name is on the rolls of the Masonic order, the Elks and other fraternal and benevolent societies. WTiile as a teacher he attained an enviable rank in the educational world, as manager of a large business corpor- ation, with interests reaching out to the four quarters of the earth, he has attained honorable distinction and has materially assisted in establishing a great company whose name is a monument to foresight, energy, ability and fidelity to an important trust.

J. L. Klemeyer, general manager of the Klemeyer Lumber Company, which was organized in May, 1908, and is now operating extensively in southeastern Illinois and southwestern Indiana, with headquarters at Vincennes, is a native of Bremen, Germany, born on the 30th of June, 1880. His life record is another proof of the fact that the young men are constantly forging to the front and, embodying the alert progressive spirit of the times, are active in the control of extensive and important business interests. His father, J. L. Klemeyer, also a native of Bremen, died in 1899. His mother, who in her maidenhood was Johannah Arndt, is still living in Germany.

In the schools of the fatherland J. L. Klemeyer acquired a thorough education, becoming well grounded in the fundamental and basic principles of learning. The opportunities of the new world attracted him, and when fifteen years of age he came to the United States to make his fortune. For a short time he remained in New York, but the opportunities which he there found were not to his liking, and he proceeded westward to southeastern Missouri, where he secured a situation in a logging camp. He resolved that in his position at Greenview, Missouri, he would so prove his worth that more advantageous positions would open to him. He remained at Greenview for five years gradually working his way upward and thoroughly learning the lumber business, with which he became familiar in every phase. A young man of good presence, of laudable ambition and unfaltering energy, however, could not be kept in a logging camp, and there came to him an advanced opportunity, when he was sent upon the road for the Frost-Trigg Lumber Company of St. Louis. He represented that firm in the middle west for eight years, during which period his sales largely augmented the trade of the house, and at the same time brought him a wide acquaintance among lumber men of that section of the country. His widening experience also qualified him for larger responsibilities and, in May, 1908, he joined with some prominent capitalists in organizing the Klemeyer Lumber Company, which was incorporated on the i8th of that month and began business in Vincennes. The officers of the company are: C. D. Johnson of St. Louis, president; H. W. Wagon of St. Louis, vice president and treasu'-er; and A. J. Mott, secretary; with Mr. Klemeyer as general manager. The notably brilliant success of the company during the brief period of its existence is to be attributable to the able management of Mr. Klemeyer. At the outset the company owned but one yard; today eight are being operated - two in Vincennes, together with the yards at Bridgeport, Marshall and Newton, Illinois; at Oaktown, Washington, and Wheatland, Indiana. The business was capitaHzed at the beginning for fifty thousand dollars, but on the i8th of May, 1910, the capital stock was increased to one hundred thousand dollars. The general ofifices are located at Vincennes and all business is managed from this point.

In 1902 Mr. Klemeyer was married to Miss Nellie Johnson, a native of Efifingham, Illinois, and unto them have been born four children: John L., Harold, Robert and Dorothy. Mr. Klemeyer holds membership with the Masons, the Elks, the Knights of Pythias and the Hoo Hoos, the last an organization of lumbermen.

The life history of Mr. Klemeyer is indeed a notable and commendable one. Coming to this country a youth of fifteen years, unacquainted with the language and the customs of the people, roughing it in a lumber camp, later traveling upon the road, and now director of an extensive and growing business - such a history is unusual and one of which he has every reason to be proud. His ability as a manager is pronounced and he possesses excellent judgment while his integrity is above question. His actions are sincere, his manner unaffected, and his example is indeed worthy of emulation.

In the year 1891 W. M. W^illmore entered the employ of the Hartman Manufacturing Company as office boy; today he is general manager and the business, conducted along progressive lines, owes its success in recent years largely to the ability, energy and close application of him whose name introduces this review. A native of Illinois, Mr. Willmore was born in Dubois on the 12th of November, 1871, and comes of English and Holland Dutch ancestry. His people in the paternal line were from Kentucky while his maternal ancestors were from North Carohna.

His father, W. C. Willmore, a native of Indiana, was a blacksmith by trade and prior to the Civil war removed to Dubois, where he continued in business until the outbreak of hostilities, when he enlisted in defense of the Union, serving for four years with the Eighty-ninth Illinois Regiment. He took part in eighteen important battles and was mustered out with the rank of sergeant. His loyalty was unquestioned for he never faltered in the performance of any duty assigned him, and with courageous spirit he faced the enemy's fire or bravely bore the hardships of the long marches and the arduous campaigns. After the war he established his home in Knox county, opening a blacksmith shop at Monroe City, whence in 1882 he removed to Vincennes and here engaged in the implement business, in which he continued until his death. He was a republican in his political views and while an active, earnest worker in behalf of the party, never sought nor desired office for himself. He held membership in Vincennes Lodge, No. i, A. F. & A. M., and also in the chapter and the commandery of this city, and his life was the exemplification of the basic principles of the Masonic order which teaches mutual helpfulness and brotherly kindness. He married Amanda Sams, a native of southern Illinois, and they became the parents of three sons and three daughters, of whom three were born in Knox county. All of the children are yet living but the family circle was broken by the death of the father in 1898, when he was fifty-seven years of age. Mrs. Willmore's death occurred in 1887.

When quite young W. M. Willmore was brought by his parents to Knox county and at the age of eleven years became a resident of Vincennes, where he continued his education in the public schools. No better testimonial of his trustworthiness and capability in business can be given than the statement of the fact since he entered business circles he has been continuously connected with the Hartman Manufacturing Company, which was organized in 1889 by C. R. Hartman, Edward Watson, Fred Harsh and J. H. Rabb. Of these Mr. Watson is now president of the company. The business is devoted to the manufacture of small agricultural implements or what is known to the trade as small tools. They began business in a limited way in a blacksmith shop at Third and Broadway and subsequently removed to Fifth and Hickman streets, where they rented the old Sechler foundry. In 1899 the present factory was built and occupied. It is a modern structure, supplied with the latest improved machinery, and the plant covers three acres. The business has grown enormously, the trade having increased very rapidly in the middle west and southern states. Mr. Willmore entered the employ of the company in 1891 as office boy, shipping clerk and bookkeeper, one person being able to do the work of all those positions at that time. In 1895 he went upon the road, representing the company as traveling salesman until 1902. In the fall of that year he took charge of the business and has since been general manager. His thorough understanding of the trade in every department well qualified him for the responsibilities which he assumed and for the duties which he has now discharged most acceptably for eight years. His efforts have been a valuable element in the conduct of the business and his long connection with the house speaks in unmistakable terms of the confidence reposed in him.

In 1899 in Indianapolis Mr. Willmore was united in marriage to Miss Florence Wilson, a native of Scottsburg, Indiana, and they have one son, William Hugh, born April 8, 1900. Mr. Willmore is a member of Vincennes Lodge, No. I, A. F. & A. M., of which he served as master for three years, filling that position during the centennial year of the lodge,

1909, which was made the occasion of most interesting celebrations. He hkewise belongs to Vincennes Chapter, No. 7, R. A. M. ; Vincennes Council, No. 9, R. & S. M. ; and Vincennes Commandery, No. 20, K. T. He is regarded as one of the leading and valued representatives of Masonry in this city and he also belongs to the Travelers Protective Association and an organization known as the United Commercial Travelers. In politics he is an earnest and active republican, now sei-ving as chairman of the county central committee and also as a member of the city council from the fifth ward. He exercises his official prerogatives in support of every measure that he deems of public benefit and is ever most loyal to the principles which he espouses. Indeed his position is never an equivocal one upon any vital question. He belongs to the Presbyterian church, and with an abiding interest, deep and sincere, in the welfare of his fellowmen, he has labored industriously for the promotion of those movements calculated to advance the material, social, political and moral welfare of the city.

Edward W. Dreiman

Knox county has been signally favored in the class of men who have filled her offices, for on the whole they have been actuated by a spirit of devotion to the public good and in the discharge of their duties have manifested both ability and fidelity. To this class belongs Edward W. Dreiman, who is now county treasurer and a highly respected resident of Vincennes. He is one of the native sons of the county, his birth having occurred in Freelandville, December 4. 1868. As the name indicates, he came of German ancestry. His father, Adolph Dreiman, was born in Germany and in the early '40s crossed the Atlantic to the United States, settling in Widner township, Knox county, where he carried on general agricultural pursuits. He -was married there to Miss Droste and continued to abide upon his farm in that locality until 1884, when he removed to Palmyra township and made his home with his son William until his death, which occurred in 1902, when he had passed the ninety-second milestone on life's journey. His wife died during the early boyhood of her son Edward. The family numbered fifteen children, seven son? and eight daughters.

Edward W. Dreiman was educated in the country schools and in the public schools of Vincennes. He entered business circles as an employe of the firm of Bierhaus & Sons, wholesale grocers, in 1887. For twelve years he remained with that firm, his merit and ability winning him promotion from time to time, until he reached a position of large responsibility. At length he started in business on his own account, establishing a grocery store in Vincennes which he conducted for four years. In 1901 he was appointed deputy county treasurer and thus served until 1908, when he was elected to the office of treasurer on the democratic ticket. He has long been active in political circles and his efforts in behalf of the democracy have been far-reaching and beneficial.

In September, 1896, Mr. Dreiman was united in marriage to Miss Emma Frigge, a native of Vincennes and a daughter of Fred Frigge. Mr. Dreiman is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Royal Arcanum, the Modern Woodmen of America and the Woodmen of the World, while his religious faith is indicated in his membership in St. John's Evangelical church, of which he is a trustee. He has never been neglectful of any duty of citizenship and since called to public office is proving his worth in the prompt and efficient performance of the duties which devolve upon him. He has always been a resident of Knox county to which he is deeply attached, and his interest in her welfare is manifest in his active cooperation in all the movements and measures for the public good.

Perry Dulaney Green

Perry Dulaney Green, editor of the Vincennes Capital, was born at the comer of Seventh and Main streets in the city of Vincennes on the 2d of August, 1876, a son of John L. and Frances (Markley) Green. His father is also a native of this city and a son of William Green, Sr., who in the ninety-ninth year of his life is now enjoying good health. He came to Vincennes in 183 1 and built and conducted the first theater in this city. John L. Green was at one time a member of the city council from the third ward and was once a candidate for treasurer of Knox county but was defeated. He engaged in the grain and milling business in Vincennes until July, 1894, when he removed to Indianapolis where he still conducts a grain business.

Perry Dulaney Green continued his education until he left Vincennes University at the close of his junior year to accompany his parents upon their removal to Indianapolis in 1894. At that time he turned his attention to business pursuits, accepting the position of packer in his father's corn mill. Later he became a clerk for the Western Union Telegraph Company in the main office at Indianapolis in 1895, at a salary of fifteen dollars per month. He remained with the company for five years, during which period he received five promotions. In July, 1901, he secured sixty days' leave of absence in order to try his hand at reporting for the Vincennes Capital, a daily newspaper published at Vincennes, Indiana. He found the work congenial and in March, 1902, with Frank W. Curtis and John Ralph Du Kate, purchased the paper which they have since published, conducting at the same time a successful job printing plant. Mr. Green has acted as editor of the paper since becoming one of its proprietors and his articles, clear, concise and to the point, displaying, too, a comprehensive knowledge of the subject under discussion, have been a marked feature of interest in the paper and a factor in its success.

On the 28th October, 1903, in Vincennes, Mr. Green was married to Miss Margaret M. Du Kate, a daughter of Dr. John B. and Mary M. Du Kate, the father a leading physician of Mncennes and a very prominent member of many fraternal orders.

Mr. and Mrs. Green hold membership in the First Presbyterian church and he became the first secretary of the First Presbyterian Brotherhood Association. His military experience covers four years' service with Company A of the University Cadets, during which period he won the first government medal ever given in \'incennes University for accurate target practice. This company served in the One Hundred and Fifty-ninth Regiment during the Spanish-American war, which occurred after Mr. Green left school. Fraternally he is connected with the Royal Arcanum lodge of Vincennes. He was the organizer of the Lincoln League of Knox county in 1910 and is prominently connected with other organizations which are important features in the life of the city, being a director of the \'incennes Art Association, a member of the Vincennes Board of Trade, the Vincennes Merchants & Manufacturers Association and of the Pastime Club,

B. T. Whitehouse, general manager of the Wabash Automobile Company, was the pioneer in this field in Vincennes, establishing the first garage in the city. He is a native of the neighboring state of Illinois, his birth having occurred in the citj- of Pana, on the 9th of September, 1879. At the usual age he began his education in the publis schools, promotion advancing him through successive grades, while later he added to his preliminary training by pursuing a two years' business course in a night school.

He has made his home in Mncennes since 1885 and for a time was engaged in the bicycle business but as the use for the wheel declined and the automobile grew into general favor he turned his attention to the motor car and opened the first garage in Vincennes. From that time he has been continuously connected with the automobile business, which he is now carr}-ing on under the name of the Wabash Automobile Company, of which he is the general manager. The building which he occupies at the present time was built for him by Joseph J. Risch and is especially adapted to the purpose for which it is used. Mr. Whitehouse conducts a repair department, engages in the sale of auto supplies and also handles a number of the best known makes of machines.

In 1903, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Whitehouse and Miss Rosella Wheeler, and unto them has been born an interesting little son, Maurice, who is the light and life of the household. The parents hold membership in the Christian church and are loyal to its teachings. Mr. Whitehouse has become a popular business man of the city and his close application, his honesty and his unremitting labor are bringing him the substantial success which is the goal of all legitimate endeavor and ambition.

Dr. J. G. Jones, whose ability in his profession is manifest in the success which is attending him, his practice being now extensive and gratifying, is numbered among Indiana's native sons, his birth having occurred in Bloomfield. He traces his ancestry back to England. His great-greatgrandfather, John Jones, served as an English soldier in the Revolutionary war, being with the troops under the command of Lord Cornwallis, holding ofificial rank. He was the first of this family to come to America. He had previously seen service in France together with his brothers, for they were "soldiers of fortune." John Jones became a resident and an extensive slave owner of South Carolina and it was there that his grandson John was born and reared, but when a young man the grandson left the family home in the south and made his way northward, settling in Bloomfield, Indiana, where he made extensive investment in property, becoming the owner of large tracts of land. He was also a man of prominence in public affairs, was influential in political circles and for two terms was chosen to represent his district in the house of representatives, being elected on the ticket of the Democratic party. After leaving the south he married Margaret Glover, who came of a family that was represented in the American army during the war for independence.

William G. Jones, the father of Dr. Jones, was born in Bloomfield, Indiana, and acquired his education in Asbury College. He became a farmer and landowner, and was a prominent representative of the agricultural interests of the state. He married Eliza Sargent, who belonged to an old Virginia family whose members set their slaves free and came to the north, some of the family joining the Union army and fighting for the preservation of the Federal government in their native state. When war was ended they returned to the north, remaining residents of Indiana. Dr. Jones is also connected with the Bruce Carr family and is thus descended from several of the oldest and most prominent families of the state.

At the usual age Dr. Jones became a pupil in the common schools of Bloomfield and prepared for college in the Indianapolis high school, in which he completed the course and was graduated. He afterward entered

Purdue University and was graduated. His preparation for the profession which he now follows was made in the department of medicine of the Indiana University. He has also pursued post-graduate courses in the University of Chicago, the University of Illinois and the Chicago Postgraduate College. In early manhood he was at one time connected with newspaper work in Indianapolis and afterward was employed as a chemist in a gold camp in the west. His professional career covers a short period of service as assistant to the physicians in the State Hospital for the Insane at Indianapolis and he was also city physician of Indianapolis for one year. Later he received appointment to the position of house physician at the German Deaconess Hospital at IndianapoHs, where he continued for a year, and during his hospital term he was a member of the faculty of the Indiana University, where he lectured on anatomy. While residing in the capital he was also instructor in bacteriology in the Deaconess Training School for Nurses, and at the present writing is a lecturer in the Good Samaritan Hospital of Vincennes. He came to this city in 1905 and has since followed his profession here, his pronounced ability winning him recognition in a large and growing practice.

Dr. Jones is a member of the First Presbyterian church, in which he is serving as an elder, and the principles which govern his conduct are further indicated by the fact that he is an exemplary member of the Masonic fraternity. All interests which afifect the welfare of mankind and have bearing upon the advancement and growth of the city are of interest to him, yet his time and attention are mainly occupied by his professional duties, and in this relation he holds membership in the Knox County Medical Society, the Indiana State Medical Society, the American Medical Association and other scientific societies. His ability has carried him far beyond the point of mediocrity and the consensus of public opinion establishes his reputation as that of one of the foremost physicians of the city.

Hon. James D. McDowell, to whom the citizens of Vincennes have accorded the highest political honor within their gift, electing him to the office of mayor in Januarj% 1910, is, moreover, prominently known in thi.'^ city as a capable physician of pronounced abiHty and wide experience. He is also a representative of one of the old and honored families of Vincennes. a son of Dr. M. M. McDowell, now senator from the district comprised of Knox and Sullivan counties. The father was bom in Jefferson county, Ohio, in 1845, and is a representative of the medical profession. For many years he has practiced in Vincennes where he is recognized as a close and discriminating student, correct in the application of his broad knowledge to the needs of his patients. At the time of the Civil war he served with the cavalry forces under General Phil Sheridan, being a member of the Thirteenth Ohio Volunteer Cavalry. He participated in many important engagements and was at Appomatox Courthouse when General Lee surrendered. In community affairs he has also taken a prominent and active part. He served as sheriff of Knox county from 1887 until 1892, having filled out an unexpired term while twice he was elected to the office. Higher honors, however, awaited him in his election to the state senate, where he is now proving himself an active working member of that body, connected with considerable constructive legislation. He married Miss Sarah B. McConnell and unto them have been born three sons and a daughter, all yet living, namely : James D. ; William F., who married Bessie Fitzgerald ; Bailey M. ; and Mida, the wife of Oscar L. Homer.

Dr. James D. McDowell was born in Freelandville, Knox county, on the 25th of August, 1874, and the public schools of Vincennes provided him his educational privileges. He passed through the consecutive grades to his graduation from the high school with the class of 1891 and then began preparation for the practice of medicine, his preparatory reading being supplemented by a course in the Hospital College of Medicine at Louisville, Kentucky, from which he was graduated in June, 1894. He entered at once upon active practice in connection with his father in Vincennes, and for sixteen years gave his undivided attention to his professional duties. In January, 1910, however, he assumed the office of mayor to which he had been elected by his fellow townsmen. There is a growing demand at the present time for practical business men in the political offices, that the business interests entrusted to their care may be best conserved and that the affairs of the office shall be administered along the lines of economy and of progress. It was this demand that led to the selection of Dr. McDowell for the office which he is now creditably filling. Since the abolishment of the position of police judge the duties of that office have devolved upon the mayor, whose management of all municipal business affairs coming under his jurisdiction has won the approval of all. He had previously served as health officer and from 1901 until 1905 had been a member of the board of United States pension examiners. His political allegiance has always been given to the democratic party, for his study of the questions and issues of the day have led him to the belief that it contains the best elements of good government.

Dr. McDowell belongs to the Knox County Medical Society, and is an ex-president of the society; the Lancet Club, a local organization of physicians; the Indiana State Medical Association and the American Medical Association. He is a past exalted ruler of Vincennes Lodge, No. 291, B. P. O. E., and is past H. P. of Vincennes Chapter, No. 7, R. A. M. At the present writing he is T. I. M. of Vincennes Council, No. 9, R. & S. M., while his association with the initial body of Masons is with Vin- cennes Lodge, No. i, A. F. & A. M. He is also a member of the Pastime Club and is a charter member of the Old Post Country Club. His tastes and interests are largely indicated by his handsomely appointed office which is adorned with various works of art, while palms, ferns and flowers add to the attractiveness of the place. The rooms are finished in rough oak and the surroundings indicate that a love and appreciation for the beautiful in nature and art constitutes an even balance to business ability and professional skill in the life of Dr. McDowell.

Curtis Grover Shake

Among the youngest of the practicing attorneys of Knox county Curtis Grover Shake is in the opinion of his friends one of the most highly promising. Born in this county in 1887, Mr. Shake is now twenty-three years of age. It was in August, 1910, that he entered actively upon the pursuit that he has chosen as his life work. It is doubtful whether any young lawyer of western Indiana ever began practice under more favorable auspices or with a more creditable record as a student in school and college, and therefore his course will be noted by many with an interest which is not ordinarily awakened.

Mr. Shake is a son of D. W. and Frances (Wyant) Shake. The father was born in Sullivan county, Indiana, in i860, and engaged in farming. The mother is a native of Knox county and was bom in 1869. Four children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Shake: Curtis G., our subject; Lyman G. ; Bert; and Arman. all at home. Mr. Shake seems to have been unusually fortunate in his ancestry. His great-grandfather, James Jarrell, was a native of Virginia and fought in the Revolutionary war. He was with George Rogers Clark at the capture of Vincennes and was given a land grant in Kentucky by the government in recognition of his services. He came to Indiana as one of the early settlers and also participated in the war of 1812. There were two grandfathers in the Civil war - John Shake and William Wyant. Grandfather Wyant was a member of the first military company that left Vincennes in the Civil war and was in the Twenty-fourth Indiana Regiment of Volunteers. He was wounded at the Siege of Vicksburg and a brother of Mr. Shake's greatgrandmother, Richard M. Johnson, of Kentucky, was the slayer of the Indian Chief Tecumseh in the battle of the Thames and was afterward elected vice president of the United States.

Having received his preliminary education in the common schools, Mr. Shake became a student at Vincennes University, from which he was graduated in 1906. After teaching school for two years he entered tha law department of the State University at Bloomington, Indiana, and was graduated in 1910, since which time he has engaged in practice with offices

As a student he showed remarkable proficiency, completing his high school course in three years, and while at Mncennes University he won every oratorical prize that was offered in that institution, among others being the winner of the Gould gold medal in 1906. This medal has been awarded annually by Major William P. Gould since 1885. He was the winner of the third prize in the Indiana State Oratorical contest in 1908 and was a member of the college debating team for two years and orator of the graduating class of the Indiana University June 20, 1910. While at college he was president of the Oratorical Association and also of the Young Men's Christian Association, and was recognized as being a natural orator of unusual force and great fluency. During his college years he was a member of the Kappa Sigma fraternity, a legal fraternity known as the Phi Delta Phi, and an oratorical society, the Delta Sigma Rho. By virtue of his ancestry he holds membership in the Sons of the American Revolution and he is also identified with the F. & A. M. Politically Mr. Shake is affiliated with the democratic party and as a believer in the inspiration of the Bible, he accepts the teachings as expounded by the Christian church. In the various relations of life Mr. Shake has so far discharged his duties most creditably and, judging by the beginning he has made, there is little doubt that he will continue along the lines of the high ideals which have had a controlling influence in his career.

In concluding this brief personal sketch it may be appropriate to quote a few words as showing the spirit by which our subject is actuated, from the address of Mr. Shake to his classmates, in 1910. In that address he said: "Choose a work worth while - one which offers an opportunity for personal success and which will at the same time make the world better; then bring to that work all the inspiration and earnestness of one who believe he has a holy mission to perform."

Rev. A. Oster

The disputed province of Alsace, belonging at times to Germany and again to France, over which various wars have been waged - the district being the coveted prize of each country - was the birthplace of A. Oster, his natal day being February 23, 1852. His parents, James and Sophia (Claus) Oster, were also natives of that country. The son was educated in the city of Strassburg as a student in Le Petit Seminaire and studied theology there for one year. In 1873 he came to the United States and completed his studies in the theological seminary at Indianapolis, after which he was ordained for the priesthood in that city by Bishop De Saint Palais on the 25th of May, 1875.

Entering upon his chosen life work he became assistant at Holy Trinity church in Evansville, where he remained for two years, at the expiration of which period he came to Vincennes as assistant to Father John Gueguen, whom he aided in his pastoral labors for four years. Father Oster then visited Europe, after which he remained for four years as priest of the church at Cambridge City. He next went to Columbus, Indiana, where he had charge of the church of St. Bartholomew for twentytwo years, a period in which he did splendid work in the upbuilding of the congregation and the extension of the church influence in that district. In 1907 he returned to Vincennes to take charge of the church of St. Francis Xavier and has since labored in this parish. Many improvements have been made including the purchase and installation of a new organ, a steam plant and new windows. A gallery has also been put in and many improvements have been made in other points, particularly in the work of the schools which are maintained in the parish.

Father Oster is a man of broad, scholarly attainment and is popular with Protestants and Catholics alike, having the social qualities and the religious tolerance which win kindly regard and appreciation on the part of all who know him.

Edward Watson

Among the veteran business men of Vincennes Edward Watson is easily accorded a place of honor and nothing that could be written, either complimentary or otherwise, would in any degree affect the opinion of lifelong friends and associates who have had many opportunities of knowing his worth. The son of a pioneer, Mr. Watson is himself a pioneer who not only assisted in the construction of the great overland railway to the Pacific coast but has been a witness of the changes that have revolutionized thought and industry in a vast region and founded an empire where previously were the wilderness and the roving Indian. Today in peace and prosperity he looks back on a life of activity and usefulness and as the head of a happy family, recalls incidents and reminiscences of men and events that would make a volume of surpassing interest.

Mr. Watson was born at Vincennes, September 21. 1846, a son of Louis Latour and Lydia (Fellows) Watson. His grandfather was Robert Goa Watson, a southern man, who was the owner of a large plantation and was also a judge. He was identified with the fur trade in the early days along the Ohio, Mississippi and other rivers and. while on a business trip to Vincennes with his wife, Louis Latour was born April 10, 1809. The father of our subject died in Vincennes at the advanced age of ninety-three, on the 2d of May, 1902. The mother was a native of New York state.

Edward Watson was educated at Vincennes and Greencastle, Indiana. In 1869, when scarcely more than a boy, he was seized with the western fever, which had attracted thousands of promising young men to the Pacific coast. In the early part of the '70s he crossed on the overland trail to California and for seven years was in business there. He then became identified with the building of the Central Pacific Railway, afterward spending some time as an employe in the pay department of the United States navy yard at Vallejo, California. Few men now living have witnessed the stirring scenes in which this young adventurer from Indiana took an active part. He saw the Indian and the buffalo rapidly disappearing before the onward march of civilization and today where the caravan camped on the streams, plains and mountains are to be seen cultivated farms or flourishing towns. Many of the mining camps which he visited, then teeming with thousands of excited gold hunters, are now deserted for new fields and the spot is marked only by crumbling logs and great chasms extending hundreds of feet into the earth where the abandoned mines have caved in. In 1871, Mr. Watson, at twenty-five years of age, decided to revisit the scenes of his boyhood and returned to Vincennes. For a year he was connected with the Depot Hotel, which was opened about the time of his return. He then once more made the trip to California, this time in a transcontinental train which accomplished the journey in five days, it having required six months by wagon during the period of the gold hunters. In San Francisco he engaged in the house furnishing business but in 1876, the centennial year, he came once more to Vincennes by way of Panama and was placed in charge of the Union Depot Hotel. Here he has remained, buying other interests from time to time, and he is now the owner and manager of this valuable property. He has been very active in business affairs and is president of the Hartman Manufacturing Company; vice president of the Farmers National Bank of Wheatland, Indiana ; a director of the First National Bank of Vincennes ; and an officer or stockholder in many other companies. For twenty-six years he acted as president of the Board of Trade and in that capacity was the means of securing for Vincennes the location of many of the largest manufacturing enterprises now in successful operation in the city. At all times he has put forth every effort to build up the community and his services are universally recognized by citzens of all classes.

Mr. Watson was united in marriage July 2, 1902, to Miss Anna Staley, and they have three children : Edward Dean, aged seven years ; Louis Latour Ferdinand, aged five ; and Helen Frances, aged three.

Mr. Watson is an intelligent man of wide observation and large experience with the world. In the course of a varied career, he has tried his hand at nearly all honorable occupations. He has never been afraid to work and whatever he has attempted to do he has undertaken with an energy that has generally produced tangible results. He is essentially what is known as a self-made man, and such men are fearless in following any path that their judgment indicates will lead to victory. For years he has been recognized as one of the foremost citizens of Vincennes. He is a democrat but has never had ambition to fill a political office, although he has many times assisted friends in political campaigns. For four years, ending in 1910, he was a member of the board of public works and much of permanent good to the city was accomplished during this period. In social circles he is connected with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and he is also a member of the Pastime Oub. Mr. Watson is widely known to the traveling public. He is known as a successful business man and a patriotic citizen and one whose sympathies readily respond to all worthy calls. It is doubtful if there is any honor he might ask for within the gift of the community in which he was born that would not be granted. This is a distinction available to few, but in all cases to those only who by a useful life have proven their worthiness.

J. H. Jones

The proof of the business ability of J. H. Jones is seen in the National Rolling Mill, which since 1905 has been one of the important industrial concerns of Vincennes. As its secretary and treasurer Mr. Jones has contributed in large measure to its growth and his sound judgment and enterprise are proving potent factors in the continued extension of its trade interests. He therefore stands as an excellent representative of the progressive class of Vincennes' business men. He was born in Steeleville, Chester county, Pennsylvania, September 30, 1863, a son of Emmor and Mary (Rakestraw) Jones, both of whom were natives of the Keystone state, where the father is still living at the age of seventy-eight years.

In the public schools of his native county J. H. Jones pursued his education, but from the age of sixteen years has been dependent upon his own resources, his record being marked by a steady progression that indicates the wise and ready use of the advantages and opportunities that have come to him. He started out as a telegraph operator and continued at that business for twenty years on the Lake Shore Railroad, being advanced through successive promotions involving large responsibilities until he became chief train dispatcher at Lima, Ohio, and Muncie, Indiana. He terminated his active connection with the railroad system to become a factor in the conduct of the National Rolling Mill at Hartford, Indiana. He was one of the organizers of the company in 1902 and was chosen its secretary and treasurer. After operations were continued for three years at Hartford the plant was removed to Vincennes, where the business has grown rapidly until it has reached extensive proportions. It has increased threefold since the removal and is today one of the important industries of the city, employing four hundred men. The plant covers five acres of ground and is thoroughly equipped with the most modern machinery necessary for the successful conduct of the business. The prosperity of the enterprise is largely due to Mr. Jones and S. N. Bradshaw, who is general manager.

On the 23d of October, 1896, at Lima, Ohio, Mr. Jones was married to Eugenia Ralston, a native of Harrison county, that state. They have gained many friends during their residence in Vincennes and are well known as worthy members of the Presbyterian church. Individual activity and determination have been the salient factors in the life record of Mr. Jones. His life has been devoted to his business, his home and his church, and he stands as a high type of American manhood and citizenship. He never hesitates in the performance of a duty and his absolute fidelity and trustworthiness have been important factors in winning him the high degree of success he has attained in the business world.

William F. Recker

William F. Recker was numbered among those merchants whose line of business is regarded as an essential element in every community, being for a considerable period connected with the grocery trade. The salient features of his business life were such as commended him to the confidence and good will of all and insured him a liberal patronage. Vincennes had reason to be proud of him as one of her native sons. His birth occurred in this city September 16, 1862, his parents being August and Catharine Recker. The father was a carpenter who after mastering the trade took up contracting and became one of the most prominent contractors and builders of Vincennes, closely associated for a long period with its building operations, many evidences of his handiwork being found in the business blocks and residences of the city.

William F. Recker was provided with good educational privileges, completing his course by graduation from one of the Catholic schools of this city. He entered business life as clerk in a grocery store, becoming an employe of William Vollmer, with whom he remained up to the time Mr. Vollmer was elected county treasurer. Mr. Recker then purchased the store of which he remained sole proprietor up to the time of his death. He had long been connected with the establishment and built up an extensive trade, handling a full line of staple and fancy groceries, his reasonable prices, fair dealing and prompt delivery of goods securing for him a large and gratifying trade.

On the 24th of November, 1891, Mr. Recker was united in marriage to Mrs. Emma Heckman, nee Terhar, a daughter of Herman and Jane (Folo) Terhar. Both of her parents were of German birth and on coming to the United States made their way direct to Vincennes. The father was a contractor and soon became closely associated with the building industry of the city. Unto Mrs. Recker by her former marriage had been born a son Charles. By the second marriage there was one daughter, Corinne, who has now finished her education and is engaged in teaching music.

Mr. Recker was a member of the Catholic Knights and of a benevolent society. He was also connected with some fraternal insurance organizations. He passed away December 27, 1906, at the age of forty-four years, which period had been entirely spent in Vincennes. That many of his stanchest friends were those who had known him from his boyhood until his death is indication that his life was ever an upright and honorable one.

S. N. Bradshaw

S. N. Bradshaw, general manager of the National Rolling Mill, one of the important enterprises which has made Vincennes a manufacturing center of the Ohio \'alley, was born in Marion county, Ohio, on the 12th of January, i860. His father, Richard R. Bradshaw, a native of Virginia, made farming his life work. He married Catherine Bruce, a native of Ohio, who died in 1899. while his death occurred in 1909.

Spending his youthful days in his parent's home, S. N. Bradshaw pursued his education in the public schools of Marion county, while the work which he did upon the home farm impressed upon his mind the value of industry' and perseverance. He left home in 1878 to become a factor in other business undertakings, turning his attention to the study of telegraphy. For some time he served as an operator in Ohio, after which he went to New York, where he attended a business college, pursuing a commercial and stenographic course. He was afterward with the general manager of the Erie Railroad and subsequently with the Santa Fe Railroad Company as stenographer and typewriter to the general superintendent of motive power of the road. Mr. Bradshaw left the Santa Fe in 1888 and went to Findlay, Ohio, becoming secretary to the general manager of the Findlay Rolling Mill Company of that place. For five years he continued there and at the end of that time became representative for the company at Muncie, Indiana, being made general manager in 1894. His promotions have followed as the logical sequence of constantly developing business ability and power. From the outset of his business career he made it his purpose to thoroughly master every duty entrusted to him. The successful accomplishment of any object but proves one's ability for the accomplishment of larger things, and in his active career Mr. Bradshaw has gone on and on. each forward step bringing him a broader outlook and wider opportunities. After three years' connection with the Findlay Rolling Mill Company as secretary to the general manager he removed to Hartford City, Indiana, and became one of the organizers of the National Rolling Mill Company, of which he was made general manager. This was in 1902. Business was carried on at Hartford City for three years and in 1905 the plant was removed to Vincennes, where the business has rapidly developed, increasing threefold within a period of five years. The ofificers of the company are: Isaac Lyon, president; J. H. Jones, secretary; and S. N. Bradshaw, general manager.

In 1890 Mr. Bradshaw was married in Sidney, Ohio, to Miss Minnie Mumford, a native of that place and a daughter of John Mumford, who was formerly a shoe merchant and is now living retired. Mr. and Mrs. Bradshaw have a daughter, Faye, an accomplished and popular young lady possessing notable musical talent.

Mr. Bradshaw takes little active part in public life aside from the loyal support which he gives to all movements tending to promote the welfare and upbuilding of the city. His business, however, makes heavy demands upon his time and the rapid and substantial growth of the National Rolling Mill is evidence of the business ability, capable management and discriminating sagacity of Mr. Bradshaw and his associates. In all business connections, as in private life, he is an upright and conscientious man and well merits the prosperity which is now crowning his labor.

George J. Reinbold

Systematic business methods and close attention to the work which he undertook constituted the chief features in the success which came to George J. Reinbold, who far a long period conducted business as a wholesale and retail liquor dealer on Second avenue in Vincennes. He was born January 25, 1863, and about a third of a century was allowed him as his life span for on the 8th of February, 1896, he passed away. His birthplace was on Bamett street, in Vincennes, and his people still live in the old home. His parents were Andrew and Rosine Reinbold. The surname indicates the ancestry of the family. The father was a native of Germany and when he determined to leave that country for America he sailed for New Orleans, from which point he made his way northward, coming direct to Vincennes.

In the public schools of this city George J. Reinbold pursued his educatio, passing through consecutive grades, and by thorough school training, wide reading and observation became a well educated man. He was deeply interested in many themes of general interest and kept in touch with the advanced thought of the day. When he entered business life it was to become connected with the wholesale and retail liquor trade, which to him constituted a field for success as his well directed labors brought him a substantial financial return.

On the 25th of October, 1892, Mr. Reinbold was united in marriage to Miss Lizzie Soete, a daughter of Henry and Mary (Drexelius) Soete. Her people were also from Germany and her father, who was a shoemaker by trade and worked at the bench in early life, conducted a shoe store on Second street after becoming a resident of Vincennes. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Reinbold there was bom a daughter, Irene, who resides at home with her mother. Mr. Reinbold was a member of the Catholic church and of the Knights of Columbus, and was widely known in this city in which he lived from infancy to the time of his demise.

Frank J. Bastin

Notwithstanding fire and flood which has threatened to terminate the existence of the Blackford Window Glass Company, the business has been continued successfully under the management of Frank J. Bastin from its inception in 1903 up to the present time, and as general manager, he whose name introduces this review, has come to be regarded as one of the most thoroughly reliable enterprising and progressive business men and manufacturers of Vincennes.

A native of Belgium, he was born on the 15th of October, 1872, of the marriage of Louis and B. (Richir) Bastin. His education was acquired in the Catholic parish schools of his native country, and later he learned the trade of a glassworker, having considerable knowledge of the business when in 1890 he came to the United States to visit a sister then living in Ohio. Pleased with this country he decided to remain in America, and resided for two years at Fostoria, Ohio, whence he removed in 1892 to Hartford City, Indiana. In both places he worked at his trade and his ability won recognition in gradual promotion until he was given charge of the interests of the Blackford Glass Company at Hartford. There he remained for eleven years, carefully controlling the business and enlarging its scope.