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Carter County, Missouri

67 topographic sheets cover 14 settlements here, and 27 properties are on the National Register of Historic Places.

Research this county

From the record

27 National Register listings published here.

Sources: the National Register database, National Park Service

Missouri within the United States
Carter County within Missouri

What the record shows

  • 190 topographic sheet readings cover the county's settlements.
  • 27 properties here are on the National Register of Historic Places: 24 buildings, 2 districts and 1 site.
  • The Geographic Names Information System records 14 populated places in this county; 14 are covered by at least one topographic sheet.

Places on the National Register

27

Every property in this county listed on the National Register of Historic Places, with the year it was listed and the federal nomination document.

Photograph PropertyType ListedReference
Mrs. Louis Bedell Housebuilding198080002324
Big Spring Historic Districtdistrict198181000101
Earl Boyer Housebuilding198080002325
Carter County Courthousebuilding2022100008239
J. W. Gibson Housebuilding198080002326
Delia Greensfelder Housebuilding198080002327
Loretta Herrington Housebuilding198080002328
James Hinton Housebuilding198080002329
Nettie Jacobson Housebuilding198080002330
Nola Kitterman Housebuilding198080002331
Wallace Knapp Housebuilding198080002332
Buford Lawhorn Housebuilding198080002333
Iva Lewis Housebuilding198080002334
Masonic Lodgebuilding198080002335
Terry Mays Housebuilding198080002336
Thornton McNew Housebuilding198080002337
Mill Pondsite198080002338
Della Nance Housebuilding198080002339
Hazel Owens Housebuilding198080002340
Ernie Phillips Housebuilding198080002341
Alvis Powers Housebuilding198080002342
Hazel Shoat Housebuilding198080002343
Sixth Street Historic Districtdistrict198080002344
James Smith Housebuilding198080002345
Lawrence Smith Housebuilding198080002346
William F. Smith Housebuilding198080002347
Lee Tucker Housebuilding198080002348

Wildfire, 1992 to 2020

340 fires

Every wildfire the federal occurrence database records inside this county: 340 of them, burning about 7,530 acres. 2 started naturally and 122 were recorded as arson. Each settlement page carries the fires within five miles of it.

Reported cause Fires
Debris and open burning123
Arson/incendiarism122
Missing data/not specified/undetermined53
Equipment and vehicle use18
Recreation and ceremony12
Smoking6
Power generation/transmission/distribution3
Natural2
Other causes1

The five largest, by the area the report gives. Four of them were set deliberately.

DateCause SizeReported by Name on the report
23 March 2011Missing data/not specified/undetermined1,227 acresMissouri Department of ConservationHWY. 21 SOUTH
7 April 1997Debris and open burning400 acresMark Twain National ForestHILL TOP
8 November 2010Missing data/not specified/undetermined388 acresMissouri Department of ConservationDEVIL'S RUN
21 November 1993Arson/incendiarism150 acresOzark National Scenic RiverHOOPER HOL
12 April 2018Missing data/not specified/undetermined131 acresMark Twain National ForestEASTWOOD
22 November 1993Arson/incendiarism130 acresMissouri Department of Conservationnot named
25 March 1995Arson/incendiarism130 acresMissouri Department of Conservationnot named
28 March 2019Arson/incendiarism129 acresMissouri Department of Conservation178397-00000-03282019-1600

Every settlement page carries the fires within five miles of it - see the settlement index below.

Storms, 1957 to 2025

60 of 269 shown

The NOAA Storm Events Database holds 269 reports for this county, causing 10 deaths, 91 injuries and about $39,587,600 in recorded property damage. Each settlement page carries the reports that name it.

Kind of event Reports
Hail94
Thunderstorm Wind77
Flash Flood30
Flood30
Tornado22
Heavy Rain7
Funnel Cloud6
Lightning3

The most serious of them, by death, then injury, then recorded damage. The accounts are quoted exactly as the forecast office filed them.

WhenEvent Place namedHarm What the report says
May 1957Tornado (F4)not stated7 killed, 75 hurt, $250,000no account filed
June 2019Thunderstorm WindVan Buren1 killed, 2 hurt, $20,000Within the Ozark National Scenic Riverways, a tree fell on a boat on the Current River. The boat was traveling downstream in the vicinity of the Waymeyer Shute river access point. The 22-year-old male driver of the boat was killed, and two passengers in their 20's were moderately injured. The injured parties were from the local area and were treated at a local hospital. In the same general vicinity, trees and large tree limbs were down on the north end of M Highway.
December 1982Tornado (F2)not stated1 killed, 1 hurt, $2,500,000no account filed
March 2006Flash FloodEllsinore1 killed, $25,000Flash flooding of Ten Mile Creek caused the death of a 57-year-old man. The man drowned when the flat bed truck he was driving was swept off the road as he was attempting to cross the creek. The incident occurred on a private gravel road off Highway B. The truck was swept downstream about 50 yards and overturned in the creek, resting upside down. The body was recovered still in the truck. The incident was estimated to have happened around 6 A.M. CST when he attempted to drive across the creek to a hog barn.
April 2004Tornado (F2)Ellsinore5 hurt, $600,000The tornado touched down about one mile south of the intersection of U.S. Highway 60 and County Highway 233 in eastern Carter County. The tornado tracked north-northeast, passing only about a mile west of the town of Ellsinore. The tornado damage path ended on County Road 365 less than one half mile before reaching the Wayne County line. Peak winds in the tornado were estimated at 150 MPH. Most of the injured were in a mobile home on the north side of U.S. Highway 60. Their mobile home was picked up and thrown into some trees. One person was critically injured. The critically injured person was paralyzed when her back and neck was broken, and she was airlifted to a St. Louis area hospital. Another person received a broken arm, and most of the remaining injuries were scrapes and cuts. The tornado destroyed a total of three mobile homes, a storage facility, and numerous sheds. Two homes and one business were severely damaged. Numerous vehicles were damaged.
April 2002Tornado (F4)Van Buren2 hurt, $15,000,000The tornado damage path began on the west side of Van Buren, right along the Current River, and crossed U.S. Route 60 very close to the Current River bridge. Two businesses in Van Buren, a lodge and a restaurant, were heavily damaged by F-2 intensity winds. The tornado travelled southeast across hilly and forested terrain until reaching the community of Ellsinore. Damage on the south side of Ellsinore was severe, where about 7 businesses were destroyed. Most of the damage at Ellsinore, which was inflicted by F-4 intensity winds, occurred along and near U.S. Highway 60. Across Carter County, 13 homes were destroyed and 12 homes suffered major damage. The tornado then moved into the Mark Twain National Forest and crossed into Butler County north of Highway 60.
December 1982Tornado (F1)not stated2 hurt, $25,000no account filed
July 2021LightningVan Buren2 hurtTwo persons were struck by lightning while recreating on the Current River.
July 1998LightningVan Buren2 hurtTwo river enthusiasts were injured by lightning on the Current River.
May 2017FloodVan Buren$10,000,000A catastrophic flood on the Current River inflicted very heavy damage to Van Buren and the surrounding riverbank areas. The river crested over 8 feet above the record crest. Several hours before midnight on May 1, the river crested at 37.20 feet on the Van Buren river gage. The old record was 29.00 feet, set in March of 1904. About 238 homes were damaged or destroyed, about half of which were seasonal vacation homes. Whole houses were swept downriver. About 30 businesses were flooded. A large percentage of flood victims were evacuated to temporary shelters in Van Buren. The sheriff department in Van Buren literally floated about 100 feet off its foundation. Floodwaters were more than eight feet deep in the county courthouse. At least 30 water rescues were conducted by the Missouri State Highway Patrol and the National Park Service. A dusk-to-dawn curfew was enacted for residents of the city of Van Buren. Cell phone service was knocked out for a large portion of the area. The governor of Missouri toured the Van Buren area. The governor credited first responders with saving hundreds of lives by boat during the severe but relatively short-lived flood. Damage to public property, including roads and bridges, was estimated around 7 million dollars.
April 1984Tornado (F1)not stated$2,500,000no account filed
December 1982Tornado (F4)not stated$2,500,000no account filed
March 2025Tornado (EF3)Fremont$2,000,000An EF-3 tornado tore a path of destruction across western and northern parts of Carter County. This tornado started just northeast of Brandsville in Oregon County, then moved northeast clipping the southeast corner of Shannon County and then into Carter County southwest of Fremont. Significant tree damage occurred along Green Mountain Road with hundreds of trees uprooted or snapped, along with at least a couple trees that were debarked. A steel trailer was picked up and lofted several hundred yards. Several homes were completely destroyed along the path from Green Mountain Road and northeast towards the town of Fremont and further north along County Highway Y. The tornado continued northeast and produced additional tree damage along Highway M and Highway D as it moved into far northern Carter County. It then crossed into Reynolds County to the southwest of Grady. The estimated peak wind was 165 mph. The total path length of the tornado was just over 58 miles.
March 2008FloodVan Buren$700,000Moderate flooding of the Current River occurred. At the Van Buren gage, the river crested at 25.71 feet on March 20 at 1 A.M. CDT. Flood stage there is 20 feet, and moderate flooding begins at 23 feet. This flood crest ranked as the fifth highest crest in over 100 years of records. Some flooding occurred in low sections of Van Buren. Water flowing from Factory Hollow and Walker Hollow contributed to the flooding in Van Buren. About a half dozen homes homes were flooded in Van Buren and southeast of town. The water depth in the homes was generally eight inches or less. Sandbagging protected some homes and businesses, and a local hotel assisted with sheltering. The library was flooded to a depth of 6 to 8 inches. Floodwaters reached the back door of the Carter County courthouse. Sandbags were placed around the courthouse and the new justice center. Water was pumped out of the justice center. The river rose almost to the porch of the lower level of The Landing, a landmark inn along the scenic river. Furniture was moved from lower level rooms as a precaution. Damage occurred in Big Spring Park, where at least one small building was washed from its location.
March 2025Tornado (EF1)Eastwood$500,000An EF-1 tornado snapped and uprooted hundreds of trees as it moved northeast from just north of Eastwood to just west and north of Chilton to near Jackson and on to the Wayne County line southwest of Leeper. The roof structure was largely removed from two houses at the end of County Road 326. Another nearby house had some shingles removed, and a nearby barn sustained minor damage. A wooden power pole was snapped on Highway H near County Road 456. The estimated peak wind was 110 mph. The tornado continued northeast into Wayne County where it produced EF-3 damage in Leeper. The total path length was around 31 miles.
June 2014Flash FloodVan Buren$300,000Major flash flooding occurred in Fremont, where numerous evacuations were conducted and cars were flooded due to flash flooding of Pike Creek. Motorists were rescued from vehicles that were swept away by floodwaters on U.S. Highway 60 near Fremont. In addition, portions of Route Y and Route M were closed. Numerous roads were damaged, and a few roads were washed out and closed. Several dozen homes were flooded in Fremont and the surrounding area. About ten of those homes appeared to be a total loss. Home propane tanks floated down creeks and rivers. A large farm tractor was overturned by floodwaters and washed onto a roadway. Camping areas were inundated in the Van Buren area. At least 15 to 20 people were evacuated, and the Red Cross was assisting victims.
May 2011Tornado (EF3)Grandin$300,000The tornado reached its peak intensity about a mile east of Ellsinore, where an unanchored modular home with a conventionally-built addition was almost entirely blown away and carried an unknown distance. Several large oak trees were nubbed out. Several homes east of Ellsinore received moderate to major damage. The wall of one house was blown off, along with the back of the roof. Hundreds of trees were blown down. In the Grandin area, two mobile homes were destroyed, and a school suffered major damage, including the loss of an entire roof system. Hundreds of acres of large trees were uprooted or snapped. Between Grandin and Ellsinore, telephone poles were snapped and several cows were killed. A National Weather Service damage survey team found the presence of suction vortices east of Ellsinore. The suction vortices were reported by at least one trained spotter during the tornado. A national television crew aired video of the tornado in progress near Ellsinore. Peak winds were estimated near 150 mph. The average path width was 200 yards. The tornado path continued into Wayne County.
March 2008FloodFremont$300,000Major flooding was responsible for numerous water rescues. Van Buren police and Carter County sheriff personnel rescued 10 to 20 people. Two people were trapped in a camper trailer floating on Highway D near Van Buren. Two other people got in trouble trying to rescue them. Another six people were rescued from Hurricane Creek. Both the rescuers and the victims required additional help when the rescue boat flipped over. At least one or two bridges were washed out in eastern parts of the county. Severe road washouts were reported in western parts of the county. Countywide, at least 17 homes were damaged, and one was destroyed. Eight businesses were damaged.
May 2002Flash FloodCountywide$250,000no account filed
December 1982Tornado (F2)not stated$250,000no account filed
December 2010Tornado (EF2)Chilton$200,000The tornado touched down near County Road 223, where a tin roof was peeled up on a small outbuilding. A gate and fence were blown about 50 feet. The tornado reached its maximum width and its peak intensity as it crossed County Road 225. This is where a permanent home suffered partial wall and roof loss, a mobile home was blown 15 feet off its foundation, and over one hundred trees were uprooted. The residents of the mobile home took refuge in the laundry room, which was the only room not destroyed. Residents of both homes were provided food and shelter by the Red Cross. A large oak tree fell on a vehicle, causing major damage to the vehicle. Two other vehicles were damaged by debris. A shed and outbuildings were destroyed. A bicycle was blown up into a tree. A twin-pole high voltage transmission tower was partially blown over. The tornado crossed U.S. Highway 60, then struck a sawmill on Highway FF. The 40-by-100 foot sawmill was destroyed. None of the eight workers in the sawmill were injured, possibly because they jumped into a sawdust pit. A home near the sawmill lost part of its roof (less than 20 percent), and dozens of large trees were uprooted. As the tornado crossed County Road 327, a few more trees were blown down. Part of a metal roof from a small barn was blown into a tree. Due to damage to the high-voltage transmission lines, over 1,500 customers from Van Buren to Ellsinore were without power for up to four hours. A National Weather Service damage survey confirmed a convergent signature to the debris pattern. A person in the area reported witnessing the tornado. Peak winds in this tornado were estimated near 120 mph.
February 2019Flash FloodVan Buren$100,000Water rescues were reported in Van Buren. Some buildings were flooded, including the fire department in Van Buren. Emergency management personnel reported flash flooding of creeks and roads. Several roads were closed, and low water bridges were impassable. Rainfall rates were estimated by radar up to an inch per hour. A mesonet station on the Current River measured a daily rainfall of 3.38 inches.
December 2015Tornado (EF1)Chilton$90,000The tornado began near the Current River along Highway Z and then moved northeast. Hundreds of trees were snapped or uprooted within a well-defined path in the Ozark National Scenic Riverways. The tornado passed through the tiny community of Chilton, where an old abandoned schoolhouse was nearly destroyed. A few homes received siding and shingle damage. Near the end of the damage path along Missouri Highway 21 and U.S. Highway 60, there was damage to the metal roofing of an old saw mill. A saw mill employee reported visually witnessing the tornado. Missouri Highway 21 was closed due to debris and power lines across it. The path was mostly through hilly and forested country. Peak winds were estimated near 95 mph.
May 2020Tornado (EF0)Grandin$75,000The EF-0 tornado along the southern border of Carter County contained estimated peak winds of 85 mph, uprooting or damaging dozens of trees along its path. On Highway 21 between Grandin and the Ripley County line, the tornado pushed over several wooden electrical poles. The tornado also removed a small section of the roof of a manufactured home. The tornado was along the northern edge of a macroburst that was primarily over northern Ripley County.
April 2011Flash FloodEllsinore$60,000Five feet of water was running across the intersection of Highway H and County Road 327. Washed out trees were in the roadway. Sections of County Road 327 were washed out.
May 2017Flash FloodEllsinore$50,000Flash flooding of two creeks in Ellsinore reached into some homes. In Van Buren, up to four inches of water was observed flowing across a street.
April 2017Flash FloodEllsinore$50,000Flash flooding of creeks was reported throughout the county. Emergency management officials conducted evacuations of residents near creeks in parts of Fremont. Numerous water rescues were conducted, especially from around Van Buren to Fremont. About five miles south of Ellsinore, Highway K was closed north of Highway B due to flooding.
February 2014Thunderstorm WindHunter$50,000Numerous trees were blown down throughout the Current River Valley in the Ozark National Scenic Riverways. Some trees were blocking access roads.
January 2013Thunderstorm WindChilton$50,000A home and a shed was damaged along Highway 21. The roof of one home was blown into the road, and the shed was blown away. A carport was blown into some nearby trees.
June 2008Tornado (EF1)Grandin$50,000The tornado touched down near the Grandin City Park on the east side of Grandin. A few trees were blown down at the ball fields. The tornado continued east, affecting two residences along County Road 247 just east of town. One house sustained moderate shingle damage. A second house sustained major roof damage. A large barn was heavily damaged, with one wall and door blown off. Large sections of roof were missing. Numerous large trees were snapped or uprooted. Trees on the south side of the track were laying in a northwest direction. South to north striations were easily visible in tall field grass. Several eyewitnesses clearly indicated a funnel cloud touched down. The track end point was estimated due to the fact the damage path continued into woods and fields that were inaccessible by vehicle. Peak wind speeds were estimated at 90 mph. The average path width was 75 yards.
March 1996HailVan Buren$50,000no account filed
July 2016Thunderstorm WindFremont$40,000Numerous trees were blown down across the county, including the Van Buren area. A power line was down in Van Buren. The county sheriff department received 50 to 60 calls regarding downed trees.
July 2016Flash FloodVan Buren$40,000Water was over portions of roads in the Big Springs area. Some roads were damaged, including County Road 227.
June 1995Tornado (F0)Ellsinore$40,000A tornado downed trees along N Highway.
May 2020Thunderstorm WindFremont$30,000Numerous trees were down across the county. People were trapped by falling trees in a campground near Van Buren. Power outages were reported.
May 1999Thunderstorm WindVan Buren$30,000A house trailer sustained heavy damage in Ellsinore. Numerous trees were down in Van Buren.
May 2011FloodGrandin$30,000no account filed
March 1996HailEllsinore$30,000no account filed
May 2024Thunderstorm WindFremont$25,000A storm survey determined a very large area of enhanced winds downed hundreds of trees, knocking down powerlines, and produced minor damage to a few structures in northwestern Carter County. Peak winds were evaluated at 90 mph. Damage started north of Fremont and fanned out east and south into Van Buren and much of northwestern Carter County. The event appears to be the result of a long track tornadic supercell transitioning to a more linear structure.
December 2015FloodVan Buren Muni Arpt$25,000Moderate flooding occurred along the Current River. At the Van Buren river gage, the river crested at 23.12 feet around noon on the 29th. Flood stage there is 20 feet. Two homes within the city limits of Van Buren were flooded. Boat ramps, parks, and baseball fields along the river were flooded.
August 2011Thunderstorm WindVan Buren$25,000In Van Buren, a large tree was blown down at the county courthouse. In Eastwood, trees were blown down in town, shingles were blown off roofs, and a roof was ripped off a front porch and blown over the house into the back yard. Tree damage was reported at various other locations near these communities.
May 2002Flash FloodCountywide$25,000no account filed
March 1964Tornado (F3)not stated$25,000no account filed
July 2023LightningEllsinore$20,000Lightning set a barn on fire.
May 2009Thunderstorm WindVan Buren Muni Arpt$20,000Six large trees fell across County Road 554. On neighboring properties, about two dozen other very large oak and pine trees came down. A fence was destroyed.
April 1999Thunderstorm WindVan Buren$20,000A mobile home was overturned along Highway 60.
March 1997Thunderstorm WindGrandin$20,000no account filed
May 1996Thunderstorm WindVan Buren$20,000no account filed
March 1996Thunderstorm WindEllsinore$20,000no account filed
August 2019Thunderstorm WindVan Buren$15,000A tall tree was down on a home. A non-shingle protective layer of roofing was blown off an inn along the Current River.
July 2025Thunderstorm WindSouth Van Buren$10,000Thunderstorm winds blew down several trees and some power lines near the intersection of Hwy C and Hwy 60 southwest of Van Buren.
April 2023Tornado (EF0)Ellsinore$10,000This was the start of the tornado track as determined by an aerial survey from the USDA Forest Service. Trees were uprooted. Peak winds were estimated near 85 mph in this very short section of track in Carter County. The tornado quickly entered Wayne County in a highly forested area.
July 2022Thunderstorm WindVan Buren$10,000Two trees were down along Route M to the northwest of Van Buren. Roof damage occurred to a business in Van Buren.
June 2013Thunderstorm WindVan Buren$10,000A few trees and numerous tree limbs were blown down countywide. M Highway was blocked by a tree near Van Buren.
September 2012Thunderstorm WindVan Buren$10,000Power lines and tree limbs were blown down.
August 2011Thunderstorm WindFremont$10,000Trees were blown down in and around Fremont.
June 2011Thunderstorm WindVan Buren$10,000Trees were blown down in the community.
August 2020Thunderstorm WindHunter$8,000Large tree limbs were down, and one tree was snapped.
August 2007Thunderstorm WindVan Buren$8,000In south Van Buren, extensive tree damage occurred at a campground and adjacent private property. A canoe trailer was blown over.
July 2022Thunderstorm WindVan Buren$6,000Trees and power lines were down on County Road 125 south of U.S. Highway 60. A large tree was blocking part of State Route C. Other tree damage occurred near the intersection of State Route C and County Road 3280.

Mines and quarries

54 recorded

The Survey's mineral resources record lists 54 workings inside this county. None of them still produces: all are closed or unrecorded. Each settlement page carries the workings within five miles of it.

Commodity Workings
Iron38
Manganese7
Stone, Crushed/Broken5
Copper3
Granite1
Sand and Gravel, Construction1

The least common of them first, because a county's hundredth gravel pit says nothing its first ten did not.

Where SiteCommodity StatusRecorded
UnknownGranitePast Producer
UnknownSand and Gravel, ConstructionPast Producer
Dazey RanchCopperPast Producer
Dazey RanchCopperPast Producer
Dazey RanchCopperPast Producer
Mayes QuarryStone, Crushed/BrokenPast Producer
UnknownStone, Crushed/BrokenPast Producer
UnknownStone, Crushed/BrokenPast Producer
UnknownStone, Crushed/BrokenPast Producer
UnknownStone, Crushed/BrokenPast Producer
Brown LandManganesePast Producer
Foster ProspectManganeseProspect
Snyder MineIron, ManganesePast Producer
Turley ShaftManganesePast Producer
UnknownManganesePast Producer
UnknownManganesePast Producer
UnknownManganesePast Producer
Brown Land # 1IronProspect
Carter Co Milling & Merc Co BankIronProspect
Crescent MineIronPast Producer
Crommer & Mcpherson BankIronProspect
Devils Kitchen MineIronPast Producer
Hahn BankIronProspect
Holland MineIronPast Producer
Hutchinson MineIronPast Producer
Kime & Hartley ProspectIronProspect
Malin MineIronPast Producer
Midco Iron FurnaceIronPast Producer
Mine # 21IronProspect
Moreland BankIronOccurrence
Orchard Mine Pit # 1IronPast Producer
Orchard Mine Pit # 2IronPast Producer
Orchard Mine Pit # 5IronPast Producer
Tract # 17IronProspect
Tract # 18IronProspect
Tract # 19IronProspect
Tract # 2IronOccurrence
Tract # 20IronPast Producer
Tract # 22IronProspect
Tract # 23IronProspect
Tract # 24IronOccurrence
Tract # 25IronUnknown
Tract # 26IronProspect
Tract # 27IronOccurrence
Tract # 29IronProspect
Tract # 5IronProspect
Tract # 6IronProspect
Tract # 7IronProspect
Tract # 8IronProspect
UnknownIronUnknown
UnknownIronPast Producer
UnknownIronPast Producer
UnknownIronPast Producer
UnknownIronPast Producer

Every populated place in the county

14

Named settlements recorded in the Geographic Names Information System, each with the topographic sheets covering it. Villages, hamlets and abandoned places alike. Each is shown with the nearest named watercourse or landform and the survey quadrangle it falls on.

The vanished settlements of Carter County: the places named above that are no longer on the map.

Provenance

  • Topographic sheets. USGS Historical Topographic Map Collection, county index, measured from the bulk metadata.
  • Fire insurance maps. Library of Congress Sanborn collection, faceted to this county.
  • Photographs. Each place queried individually against the Library of Congress Prints and Photographs search.
  • Wildfire. Short, Karen C. 2022. Spatial wildfire occurrence data for the United States, 1992-2020 [FPA_FOD_20221014]. 6th Edition. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2013-0009.6 Collected with United States Government funding and usable without additional permissions or fees.
  • Mines and quarries. USGS Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS) https://mrdata.usgs.gov/mrds/ A work of the United States government, no copyright under 17 U.S.C. 105.
  • Storms. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Events Database https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/stormevents/ A work of the United States government, no copyright under 17 U.S.C. 105. Narratives are quoted verbatim from the National Weather Service report and are not edited or summarised.