Plymouth Town (part 36 of 54)

"In Hull bay there are several islands on which are produced yearly many tons of excellent hay, be- ' sides large quantities of corn, oats, barley, and rye, ! and the hills on the main land are also productive. These prominent and beautiful eminences, when our Pilgrim fathers lauded on these shores and the Indian trod the soil in the majesty of his nature and his strength, with no one to molest or make him afraid, were crowned with vigorous oaks. Now we see no sign of the Indian or the oak ; both have long since been swept away by the march of civilization and the I hand of modern improvement, and in the places they ' once occupied we see the tall grass waving in luxuriance, and the corn ripening in the sun. . . . The saltworks of Mr. Tudor, at the Point, are an object of some interest to visitors at Hull. Mr. Tudor may be considered an amateur salt manufacturer, for he certainly cannot make much money by his works. ' There arc about five thousand feet of vats, and the quantity of salt made is fifteen hundred bushels, ; which sells at three dollars per hogshead, or forty cents per bushel at retail. ... A few years since there were nine thousand feet of works in operation, , and in one year three thousand bushels of salt were , made. There is a large reservoir on the beach, which is filled at every high tide. The water from this is forced some distance through logs into the vats by a windmill. ... i

" The town of Hull, through her reprcsputative, Mr. Tower, made Marcus Morton Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. It is this fact ! which has given her much of the notoriety she possesses. I understand, from a good source, that there are about fifty voters belonging to the town, in all, . . . some of them traveling a distance of six miles by i hind, and others two or three by water, to discharge this most important duty of a freeman. Add to this , the fact that one-half the voters are engaged in lightering and fishing, as long as it is safe to run their i vessels, and the reader will readily perceive that it is ' easy to account for the small number of votes cast at our gubernatorial elections, a fact which has given rise to the expression, ' As goes Hull, so goes the State!'' When Mr. Tower was elected there was a great political excitement - it was ' diamimJ cut diamond' ; but the Democrats outwitted their opponents, after a hard struggle (between the Atlas party- and the office-holders), by getting down from Boston the crews of several vessels belonging tu Hull. They reached home the evening previous to the election (the second trial), and, by their votes the next day, they established the political character of the Bay State for the following year. And let it be remembered, too, that [this was done by a .single vote - by the representative of the smallest t(jwn in the commonwealth, chosen under the peculiar eireuuijtauces I have mentioned.' . . .

' I have taliun some pains to examine into the circumstauces attending the two elections of Mr. Morton as (lovcrnor oI'Miissachusetts, since cbeso events are frequently allu<le>l to (;in<l nut always correctly) us notable episodes in the political liis[ui-y of thu couimohweallh. In the journal of the lUmse for .hine lii, 1840, I tinJ a '* report of the joint special cotuiuiiiec to wbuui were referred tbe returns of votes for Governor and Lieutcuunt Governor," cast in tbe previous November, in wliicb tlie following tabular statement is given ;

It will thus be seen that Mr. Morton carried the election by one vote, - that is to say : had he received one les^ vote than lie did he would have failed of a majority, aud the election of a Governor would have gone to tbe Legislature, in accordance with the law at that time. Nowadays a simple ]>liirality elect?. This is precisely what did happen three years later. In the ."^tate election held Nov. 14, 1842, it was tinally decided that there were 59,118 votes necessary for a choice. Marcus Morton bad o6,66U, according to the revised returns, and John Davis, hi.', nearest opponent, 6o,0o9. The election was thu*' thrown info tbe Legislature. The House on Jan. It>, 1S4:^>, balloteil for the -'first candidate for Governor." The first ballot resulted as follows :

At this point (according to tbe HohIoii Aiinit of the following dayj " Mr. Walley said that one more vote had been thrown than there were mcuibors present ; 348 votes had been cast, anil Mesi^rs. Hardy and Douglas of Lowell, Hyde of Sturbridge, and Fowie of Boston, were absent, and it whs well known that

History Of Hull

" Note, June, 1848. We are glad to find that a change for the better has come over the people of Hull since 1845. They have waked up considerably within one year, and tiic town ia now going ahead at a pretty smart rate. The politics of the voters have undergone a material change : the Whigs now outnumber the Democrats more than three to one. At the congressional election in April last Mr. Maun received 24 votes and Mr. Whittaker only 6. . . . At the previous gubernatorial election in the fall of 1847, Mr. Briggs received 19 votes and Mr. Gushing 9. The military men did not turn out in their full strength, owing to some supposed indignity cast at them by the Governor. At the last general training, in May, there were twenty-four names on the

Tliua, by a majority of one vote, Mr. Morton's name was sent to llio Senate as *' Hrst candidate for Governor," according to the phrase of that day. The House on the same day elected .loliii Davis as the "second candid.ite for Governor*',- and on the day following the Senate elected Mr. Morton Governor, as follows :

In the Boston Atlas of Jan. 17, 1343, which had bitterly opposed Morton, appeared an editorial headed "The Collins Governor," in which the following language occurred; "There is not now the shadow of a doubt that Marcus Morton will be elected this day as Governor of Massachusetts, In 1339 he wns elected Governor by one vote majority at the popular election. Now, not having votes enough at the election by the people, he comes into the office by a single vole in the House of Representatives, and that vote given to him by a member from one of the strongest Whig towns in the commonwealth, who voted against the known and expressed wishes of his constituents, uud basely betrayed the interests he was sent here to sustain. This man is the member from Eastham, B. U. A. Collins, whose name we have before announced," etc, etc. Any descendant of Mr. Collins who may chance to read these lines need not feel that any stigma is thereby, of necessity, cast upon his kinsmHo's memory. The charge was made by a newspaper smarting under the election of a man whom it opposed. It is only inserted here to show that the "one vote" by whioh, practically, Mr. Morton was for the second time made Governor, could be ascribed to any one of the representatives who voted for him, according as one might please, - that is, that the "Shade of Aldcn" had just as good a right to claim it for Hull, as the AtUm had U> charge it upon Collins. It is one of those matters which cannot, in the nature of things, be dctiuitely pinned down as the act of a particular man. Perhaps it is hotter so. - A. E. S.

muster-roll, as we learned from Capt. Lawton. At this present writing the voters are, almost to a man. Democratic Whigs, and friendly to Gen. Taylor as next President, , . . The town has now a milliliter, and pays him a moderate salary. He is a Methodist, and appears peculiarly well fitted for the station he occupies. His name is Bates. He is a good preacher, intellectually strong, and has a bold delivery, lie is sixty-eight years old, but looks much younger. . . . Father Bates was born in Cohasset. He followed fishing until he was fourteen years of age, when he went to Vermont to be educated. , , . Among other improvements in Hull since 1845, it should be mentioned that two wharves for the accommodation of vessels, steamboats, and fishermen have been built, one by Mr. [John] Mitchell, a short distance from Tower's hotel, which is 170 feet long and 100 wide. It is a substantial structure, well put together, and partly built of stone. It cost about §2000, Mr. Tudor has extended his wharf by adding an L to it, 50 by 60 feet. His wharf is now about 200 feet long. The depth of water at the end of it, at low tide, is from 10 to 12 feet, ... A new town hall is in progress near the pond in front of Main Street, which will cost about a thousand dollars. The upper room is to be devoted to town-meetings, and the lower one to education and religion."

Hull did her whole duty in the Kcbellion, raising twenty-two soldiers and two sailors. Three men were lost in service : Sergt, Ansel P. Loring, Company E, Forty-seventh, killed on duty near New Orleans, June 24, 1863, his body having been found floating in the Mississippi, with shot-wounds through the head; Nathaniel R. Hooper, Company F, Twentieth, killed at Fredericksburg, Dec. 11, 1862; and John M. Cleverly, Company A, Third Rhode Island Cavalry, at Charity Hospital, New Orleans, of chronic diarrhoea.

Among the noteworthy old houses at Hull, the Cusbing house may properly be mentioned. It was built as a parsonage for Rev, Ezra Carpenter, one of the early ministers, and is still well preserved. More than a century ago, when it was occupied by Capt, Souther, formerly of the British navy, the patriot James Otis frequently made it his summer home. It is thought that the old Hunt house was built for Rev. Mr. Mathews' parsonage. Revs. Zechariah Whitman and Samuel Yeazie are known to have occupied it, and the latter made a painting in the kitchen which is still preserved. The house was later the home of William Haswell, a British naval officer and father of Mrs. Rowson (the talented lady alluded to in the opening portion of tho present sketch). Haswell lived there until the revolt of the colouiea against British tyranny. Within a few years the venerable house was purchased by Mr. John Boyle O'Rtilly, the Irish- i American poet and editor of the Boston Pilot. The Oregon House, the largest hotel in Hull village, was built in 1848 from materials of the barracks at Castle I.slaud. It has been considerably enlarged since that time.

During recent years Hull village has shared in the prosperity resulting from the rising prominence of the region as a summer resort, and a large number of cottagers make the old town their home during the hot months. On the old steamboat wharf is situated the picturesque club-house of the Hull Yacht Club, which numbers nearly five hundred members. The bay inside of Hull is a favorite resort for yachtsmen, and many interesting aquatic events take place there each year in the boating season. At Windmill Point, the very tip end of the territory of Hull, is located a second stea\nboat wharf. It is here that the Nantasket Beach Railroad makes one of its termini, the stations being directly in front of the mammoth Hotel Pemborton, one of those great caravansaries peculiar to the American watering-place of the present day.

Telegraph Hill, the most conspicuous eminence in the village of Hull, overlooking the harbor and its approaches, is owned by an elderly lady residing in Hiugliam, who persistently refuses either to sell or lease it. Were it to come into the market it would be quickly dotted with attractive summer cottages. The hill has on its summit the ruins of an old fort, within whose embrasures rises a small wooden structure with a square tower. This is the signal station from which the passage of inward-bound shipping is telegraphed to the Boston Merchants' Exchange. Before the invention of the telegraph a similar end was accomplished through the use of semaphores.'

seuapbore wiia the first really efficient telegraph. It was invented by Claude Chupp6, and adopted by the Frcacb goveriaiient in 1794. Subsequently, uader various moditicatioDS, it cauc into use in nearly every civilized country. It consisted uf an upright post supporting a horizontal bar, which, turning upon a pivot, could be placed at various inctioatioaa. This bad two smaller arms pivoted to its extremities, and capable of being turned at various angles with them. By indepuudetit niovcuient of the parts the apparatus was susceptible of ninetyeight distinct positions, and of exhibiting the same number of diHereuC signals, which could be made to represent either letters, number;', words, or sentences. The speed of trunsmiesion under the most favorable circumstances was abitut three signals per minute. [The electric telegraph of the present day can bo worked at a rate of speed exceeding forty words per minute. - A. K. S.] The semaphores were placed upon high towers, usually about four or live miles apart. Much ingenuity was expended by Chuppe and others in arranging a system of lights to enable I he semaphore to be used at night, but with only partial suc-

A tower stood on Central Wharf, Boston, whence the signals (as repeated from an intervening island) were observed and repeated to the Old State-lluuse. At first the names and characters of incoming ships were indicated by wooden arms, at varying angles, on a tall staff. Later, however, a set of one hundred atid twelve different flags, one for each shipping merchant of Boston, was in use. Vessels entering the bay bore their owner's colors, and their identity was thus easily made out and signalled to Boston. The furt was built during the Revolution, the exact date and the circumatances of its construction, however, being somewhat uncertain. On the southeasterly slope of the hill is the village graveyard. Within it lie buried representatives of the old families of the town, some of whose descendants walk about the streets of Hull at the present day.

Receipts And Expendituues

cess. In fogs and snow-storms, moreover, this system was entirely useless. Until the introduction of the electric telegraph almost every country in Europe maintained lines of semapliores between its capital and the most important ports upon its seaboard. Perhaps the most important and costly undertaking uf this kind waa the great line constructed by Nicholas I. of Russia from the Austrian frontier through ^Varsaw to St. Petersburg, and which was composed of two hundred iind tvventy stations. The semaphores were erected upon the summits of substantial and lofty towers, and the whole work coot several millions uf dollars. - Johitnoit'a Ct/ctopH'diit.

2 In 1831 a change was made in the manner of fixing the town's valuation, which accounts for the apparent large increase over the previous year.

Nantasket Beach. - It is nearly a century since Nantasket Beach began its career as a pleasure resort, - in a small way, to be sure, as a desirable rendezvous for picnic parties, but nevertheless a beginning. In 1826 a Mr. Worrick opened a small public-house near the southerly end of the Beach, called " The Sportaman," which was the resort of Daniel Webster and other distinguished men, and is still in existence and occupied as a summer cottage. The first steamboat pier was built in 1869, and the boats of the Boston and Hingham Steamboat Company, which had for half a century previous been running to Hinghum, began to touch at Nantasket Beach. Those who came once, returned to busy cities charmed with the spot. They told their friends of the Arcadia which they had discovered. The tens of visitors became scores, and the scores hundreds; and, notably within the past ten years, or even less, a spirit of enterprise and progress has entered into the very atmosphere of the place, until now the number of tourists who visit the Beach during the warm months is only to be measured by thousands. In place of the unpretentious hotels of the early hosts, now are seen great caravansaries, architecturally beautiful without, and supplied within with every comfort and convenience which a guest may desire. Upon the once barren knolls and hillaides have been reared handsome cottages, many of which are occupied by Boston's wealthy families.

One thing which gives Nantaaket Beach no inconsiderable prestige is the fact that its tone has always been high. Without being a Newport, where none but millionaires find congenial companionsiiip awaiting them, the Beach has drawn to itself the patronage of the masses of people of moderate means, but of taste and refinement as well. In the parlors and upon the piazzas of its great hotels silks rustle and diamonds glisten ; and women and men, whose manners and speech entitle them to the appellation of ladies and gentlemen, promenade or converse, or listen to the music of an evening. Upon the roadways ~ many a neat private turnout is seen, and the indications of wealth are not difficult of discovery in many directions. It should not be inferred, however, that Nantasket is a spot where the poor man has no place. On the contrary, there is no summer resort known to the writer where the laboring man and his family can enjoy a day's or a week's " outing" to more advantage to themselves, or at less expense, than here. Any well-behaved person, high or low, rich or poor, is always sure of courteous treatment, as well as of renewed vigor and strength from the sea-breezes, the bathing, and the many charming accessories of this favorite resort.

It is not the purpose of the present writer to enter into a conventional description, d la guide-book, of this best-known summer resort in New England. It is known the country over to thousands upon thousands of tourists. The unsurpassed beauty of the steamer trip of an hour's duration from Boston to Nantasket pier, the manifold natural attractions of the Beach, the bountiful provision made to entertain the visitor, the excellence of its hotels and orchestras, - all these things, and much more, are already known of all men. To recount them in detail in an article such as this would be but a waste of valuable space.

" Roll on, thou deep and dark-blue ocean, - roll I Ten thousand fleets sweep over thee in vain ; Man marks the earth with ruin, - bis control Stops with the shore; . . . Ills steps are not upon thy puthrj, - thy fields Are not a spoil for him, - thou dost artsc And shake him from thee; . . . Unchangeable save to thy wild waves' play, - Time writes no wrinkle on thine azure brow, - Sueh »a creation's dawn beheld, thuu rollest now."

Were the writer another Byron, he knows of no fitter spot to vbit in search of scenes which should inspire his muse to lofty flights than Nanta^sket Beach. The sea, in its ever-changing aspects, has ever been a favorite theme for poetic song, though few writers have equaled in grandeur of thought and expression the stanzas of which the above-quoted lines are a part. It is at Nantasket that old ocean can be studied in all its thousand phases ; from the calm, blue expanse, dotted with glistening sails, shimmering in the summer sunlight, or glowing redly with the bright reflection from sunset-hued clouds, to the heaving, seething caldron, whose angry, white-capped waves come dashing up the level beach, or shatter themselves against rocky cliffs, as if to rend them.

Until within recent years travel along the Beach was restricted to vehicles. Now, however, by means of the Nantasket Beach Railroad, extending from Hotel Pemberton to the Old Colony House station on the Old Colony Railroad, one may not only visit at his convenience any of the numerous " way stations" along the line, but may travel by a continuous, though somewhat circuitous, rail route to Boston, or to the inland towns to wliich the Old Colony Railroad gives access. The beach, especially at low water, is one of the finest to be found anywhere. Broad, smooth, and liard, of the finest and whitest sand, it furnishes a deiiglitful promenade or drive, as well as the best facilities for bathing. About midway between tlie Nantasket Boacli station and Hotel Pemberton is Strawberry Hill. Here is located a good-sized settlement of neat cottages and a hotel, - the Sea Foam House. Strawberry Hill has its own steamboat wharf, and is a favorite resort. It is unquestionably destined to become very much larger in the near future, since there are a great many excellent sites for cottages as yet unimproved, and the laud is held by persons who are disposed to encourage building. The old barn on the hill summit is a wellknown landmark for pilots off the coast. On this site a barn containing eighty tons of hay was burned in 1775, " to grieve the British garrison of Boston," and the harbor was splendidly illuminated by these patriotic fires. From Strawberry Hill the official surveys and triangulations of the harbor have been made, and the stand-pipe of the Hingham Water Company, fifty feet in height, is erected there, ninetyseven feet above high water, giving one hundred and forty-seveu feet pressure. Previous to the building of these works there was complaint in regard to lack of water by the cottagers at Strawberry Hill, Hull, and Nantasket ; but now a great abundance of excellent water is secured from Accord Poud, Hingham. Many pleasing drives may be taken with the Beach as a starting-point, the most beautiful being that along the far-famed Jerusalem road, - the delightful higliway traversing the blufiF leading southward toward Cohasset from the Beach, wliich many of Boston's aristocracy have fixed upon as sacred to themselves. The sea view from this road is unexcelled for beauty, and a drive along its smooth course is rendered additionally pleasing on account of the elegant residences, surrounded by well-kept and attractive grounds, which line it on either side. These structures are of a totally different style from the cottages on the Beach proper, for they are all more substantially constructed and more elaborate architecturally. In several instances they are solidly built of .stone, with commodious stables in the roar. They resemble the Newport villa more nearly thau the more modest cottage peculiar to Nantasket. The drive over the road is at all times a charmintr one, even to one familiar with its beauties, while to a stranger it cannot fail to be a most delightful experience.

Every visitor to Nantasket Beach is forced, as ii were, to do homage to the clam. Signs greet him at every turn offering him "steamed clams," " boiled clams," "fried clams," "clam chowder," "baked clams," etc., until he may well recall Joliu G. Saxe's witty sonnet :

"TO A CLAM. "duu tacent claua.nt. " Inglorious friend 1 most contident I am Thy life is one of very little euse; Albeit, men mock thee with their amik-s, And prate of being ' happy as a clam !' AVhut though thy shell protects thy fragile head From the sharp bailifls of the briny sea? Thy valves arc, sure, no safety-valves to thee While rakes are free to desecrate thy bed, And bear thee off, as foemcn take their spoil, Far from thy friends uiid family to roum ; Forced like a Uesfian from thy native home, To meet destruction in a foreign broil ! Though thou art tender, yet thy huniblu bard Declares, 0 clum, thy case is shocking hard."

A New York newspaper remarks that " Bostonians are justly proud of Nantasket Beach, where one can get cultured clams, intellectual chowder, refined lager, and very scientific pork and beans. It is far superior to our motiotonous sand beach [Coney Island] in its picturesqueness of natural beauty, in the American character of the visitors, and in the rea.soiiabletie.'-s of hotel charges, as well aa the excellence of the service."

Plymouth County in the Eebellion. - Iq the history of the various towns elsewhere in this work will be found an account in detail of Plymouth County in the Rebellion, embracing the action of the towns, with soldiers' names, etc. lu this chapter are presented brief sketches of various organizations having representatives from this county. Plymouth County, however, was more or less represented in nearly every organization in the State.

The Third Militia Reg^iment, Col. Wardrop commander, was one of the earliest organizations to leave the State. It left for the front April 17, 1861, and returned on the 16th of the following July, having performed efficient service. One company of this regiment. Company A, of Halifax, was organized as early as 1792.

Fourth Eeg;iment. - Tiie Fourth Regiment was first mustered into service in April, 1861, for three months, and ordered to Fortress Monroe, Va. It was commanded by Col. Abner 13. Packard, of Quincy, and included among its companies the Lincoln Light Infantry (Company I) of Hingham. When the call was made, in 1862, for nineteen thousand and eighty men for nine mouths, the Fourth again volunteered, and was sent to Camp " Joe Hooker" to receive recruits. It was placed under the command of Col. Henry Walker, and ordered to join the forces under Maj.-Gen. Banks, in the Department of the Gulf.

Seventh Begiment. - This regiment, recruited principally in Bristol County by Col. (afterwards Maj.- Gen.) Darius N. Couch, was mustered into the service of the United States at Taunton, Mass., June 15, 1861, and arrived at Washington, D. C, on the 15th of July. It took part in the battles of the Peninsula, Fredericksburg, Chancelloraville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, and Cold Harb r.

While in the service it was almost constantly engaged in important duties at the front. Upon return to Taunton, June 20, 18C4, it met with a welcome reception, and was mustered out the 4th of July.

Twelfth Kegfiment. - The Twelfth Massachusetts was raised by Fletcher Webster, of Marshfield, who was commissioned colonel, and commanded the regiment until he was killed at the second battle of Bull Run, Aug. 30, 1862. It was afterwards under the command of Col. James L. Bates, of Weymouth, Mass. This regiment originated as follows :

The Sunday after our troops were attacked in Baltimore, Md., a mass meeting was held in State Street, Boston, in response to a call for volunteers is.«ued by Fletcher Webster. The meeting was addressed by William Dehon, Esq., Edward Riddle, Hon. Charles L. Woodbury, Mr. Webster, and others. After reading the proclamation of Governor Andrew, Mr. Webster said he had offered his services for the purpose of raising a regiment to serve the United States during the continuance of the existing difficulties. " I shall be ready on Monday," said Mr. Webster, " to enlist recruits. I know that your patriotism and valor will prompt you to the path of duty, and we will show to the world that the Massachusetts of 1776 is the same in 1861."

The regiment was mustered into service June 26, 1861, and left the State July 23d. It was engaged at Cedar Mountain, Second. Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna River, Cold Harbor, and Petersburg. July 8, 1864, it was mustered out of service at Boston.

Eighteenth Regiment. - To the loyalty and patriotic spirit of the citizens of Duxbury, Middlcboro', Hanover, Dedham, and Wrentham is due the origin of this notedly excellent regiment. Companies previously formed and drilled in these towns were ordered into camp at Dedham, Mass., by the Governor in July, 1861, and thus made the nucleus for the Eighteenth. To these were soon added companies from Taunton, Quincy, and Plymouth,' and in November a company from the town of Carver, swelling the number to nine hundred and ninety-six men.

UuiteJ States on the 27tli of August, ISGl, but as a battuliou of eight compauie:! left Massachusetts, August 2(kh, under orders for Washington.

The adjutant-general states that during the fullowing autumn opportunity was offered, and favorably improved, for the instruction and drilling of the regiment, and the command thus obtaining a high degree of discipline, and a commendable proficiency in military drill and exercise, was complimented by the general of the division, George McClellan, with a new and complete outfit of uniforms, camp equipage, etc., imported from France by the government, being the same worn by the Cltasseurs d pied.

The subsequent history of the regiment was as brilliant as it was active and sanguinary. It shared in the battles on the Peninsula, and was engaged at Second Bull Run, Shepherdstown, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Rappahannock Station, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, and Weldon Railroad. The casualties were numerous, and the regiment suffered severely, the killed and wounded numbering nearly two hundred and fifty.

Made up largely by enlistments from Plymouth County, the Eighteenth may be justly termed the " Old Colony Regiment." Few organizations made a better record.

Twenty-ninth Regiment. - The companies composing this regiment were mustered into service and left the State at different dates. Seven of the number were formed from among the first enlistments of threeyears' men. They were sent to Fortress Monroe to fill up the ranks of the Third and Fourth Militia Regiments, the latter including the Lincoln Light Infantry of Hingham, and when these returned home the seven companies were designated as the First Battalion Massachusetts Volunteers. Three new companies were afterwards sent to join it, and the battalion was then regularly organized as the Twentyninth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. It was in the Ibllowing engagements: Hampton Roads, Gaines' Mills, Savage Station, White-Oak Swamp, Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Vicksburg, Jackson, Blue Spring, Campbell Station, Siege of Knoxville, Cold Harbor, Peter.^burg, Weldon Railroad, and Fort Stedman.

Thirty-second Regiment. - Six companies Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, organized for garrison duty at Fort Warren, constituted the basis of the Thirtysecond Regiment. Capts. Luther Stephenson, Jr., of Hingham, and Cephas C. Bumpus, of Braiutree, had previously been connected with the Fourth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, and were three months at Fortress Monroe, commanding Companies

I and C. Many of the enlistments were also from those who had already been in the service, and the battalion was regarded as one of the most efficient organizations in the State.

These several commands were not, however, recognized as a regiment until May 25, 1S(J2, when, by telegraph dispatch, they were ordered to report at the seat of war at the earliest possible moment. In twelve hours from the time the dispatch was receivud they were on their way for Washington. Shortly after the requisite number of companies was forwarded to join the battalion, and the ranks were filled.

In November, 18B1, Capt. Luther Stephenson, Jr., entered upon the work of recruiting a company, to be stationed at Fort Warren, for the purpose before stated, and established his headquarters at the town hall, Hingham, designating tlie locality as " Camp Dimmick," in honor of Col. Dimmick, then in command at Fort Warren. In the prosecution of his labors he had the hearty sympathy and co-operation of his fellow-townsmen, who in various forms testified their interest, not only by acceptable contributions for the liappiness and comfort of those in camp, but by rendering every other service in their power.

Enlistments came in rapidly, many from various towns in different sections of the State ; and shortly, by the accession of thirty-one men from Camp Cameron, including Lieut. Charles A. Dearborn, of Salem, the requisite number was secured.

On Monday, Nov. 26, 1861, all were mustered into the service of the United States ; and on Tuesday, November 27th, left camp for Fort Warren, where, the winter of 1861-62 was passed.

Immediately on the departure of Company A, Lieut. Lyman B. Wlnton opened a recruiting-office at Oasis Hall, for the purpose of obtaining enlistments, to be joined to a company then being raised by Capt. Bumpus, of Braintree. His enterprise was soon crowned with abundant success. More than fifty men were enrolled, nearly forty of whom were from the town of Hingham. A portion of these, however, were not mustered in, on account of excess of numbers, thirty-two being finally accepted. On Monday, December 13th, the recruits left Hingham for Camp Cameron, where they were consolidated with Company E, Capt. Bumpus, and where they remained until Tuesday, December 24th, when all left for Fort Warreu.

In January, 186-1, three hundred and thirty men of this regiment, having re-enlisted, were permitted to go to their homes in Massachusetts fur thirty days. They arrived in Boston on Sunday, and received a most cordial welcome from Governor Andrew, the

Appendix

The list of battles of the Thirty-second is as follows, viz. : Malvern Hill, Gaines' Mill, Second Bull Ruu, Antietam, Shepherdstown Ford, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Bappahunnock Station, Mine Run, Wilderness, Laurel Hill, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Tolopotomy Swamp, Bethesda Church, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, Vaughan road, Dabney's Mills, Boydton road, and White-Oak road.

The total number of killed and wounded, and of those who died from disease, waa two hundred and seventy-seven. The regiment waa mustered out June 29, 1865.

Thirty-fifth Eegiment - The Thirty-fifth Regiment was mustered into the service of the United States Aug. 21, 1862, left Massachusetts the day following, and waa mustered out June 9, 1865.

Few organizations from the State exhibit a more extended or a more severe experience. It rendered efficient service in Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, and Mississippi, and greatly distinguished itself at the taking of the city of Jackson, the capital of Mississippi. It was present at the battles at Antietam, Fredericksburg, Campbell Station, siege of Knoxville, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Cold Harbor, Weldon Railroad, South Mountain, Vicksburg, Poplar Spring Church, Hatcher's Run, Fort Sedgwick, Fort Mahone, and Petersburg.

Thirty-eighth Regiment. - Seven companies of the Thirty-eighth Regiment were recruited at Camp Stanton, Lynnfield, and three (Cambridge companies) at Camp Cameron. It was mustered into the service Aug. 24, 1862, left the State August 26th for Baltimore, and November 10th embarked for New Orleans. In March, 1863, it joined the brigade at Baton Rouge, and on the 13th marched to Port Hudson to assist in the demonstration made to aid Admiral Farragut in passing the batteries. It was in the Western Louisiana campaign under Gen. Banks, and afterwards took part in all the assaults upon Port Hudson, suffering a heavy loss. It also shared in the Red River expedition, under Bunks.

The regiment returned to Virginia in the summer of 1864, and went through the Shenandoah Valley campaign under Sheridan, and was for a time under the command of Sherman in Georgia and North Carolina. After an extended, wearisome, and perilous experience, it was mustered out at Savannah, June 3U, 1865, by reason of the close of the war, and finally reached home and was discharged July 13,

Thirty-ninth Regiment. - The Thirty-ninth Massachusetts Infantry waa recruited principally from Bristol, Essex, Middlesex, Norfolk, Plymouth, and Suffolk Counties. Of those from Plymouth County, a large proportion were from the towns of Hingham, Scituate, and South Scituate.

The regiment was organized at Lynnfield, Mass., but for a short time before leaviug the State was located at Camp Stanton, in the town of Boxford. It was mustered into the United States service September 4th ; arrived at Washington, D. C, Sept. 8, 1862 ; and June 2, 1865, waa mustered out by reason of close of the war.

The Thirty-ninth served upon picket-guard duty in the Department of Defenses of Washington until July 12, 1863, when it joined the Army of the Potomac. It did not, however, take part in any engagement until May 5, 1864, when, being ordered out on the Brock Pike, it advanced in line of battle through the woods to the support of a body of troops in front, then being hard pressed by the enemy. From that time it was in nearly if not all the conflicts that took place between the Army of the Potomac and the Confederate forces in Virginia. The last year of its history waa marked by heavy losses in killed, wounded, and prisoners ; Col. Davis, the commander of the regiment, being among those who were killed.

The battles in which it was engaged occurred in rapid succession. They were Mine Run, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Bethesda Church, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, Dabney's Mills, Gravelly Run, and Five Forks.

The Thirty-ninth was present at the surrender of Gen. Lee, and also was among the military organizations that participated in the grand review at Washington, D. C.

First Regiment Heavy Artillery. - The basis of this regiment was the Fourteenth Regiment Iiifautry. It waa mustered into the service of the United States July 5th, and left Massachusetts July 7, 1861.

In 1863 the regiment re-enlisted for an additional term of three years, and was mustered out Aug. 16, 1865, making its complete period of service more than four years.

Third Regiment Heavy Artillery. - The Third Rugiuient of Heavy Artillery was forujed from the Third, Sixth, Seventh, Eigliih, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Sixteenth Unattached Companies of Heavy Artillery.

The eight companies first ineuttoned were originally raised for the coast defense of the State of Massachusett.s, and for a time were so employed.

From this time to the expiration of its term of enlistment it was stationed at different points in the vicinity for the defense of the national capital.

Fourth Regiment of Cavalry. - This regiment was organized by special order from the War Department, and was composed of the Independent Battalion, formerly Third Battalion, First Regiment of Cavalry, Massachusetts Volunteers, and two new battalions recruited in Massachusetts.

A portion of the regiment was present in the engagements at Gainesville, Fla., Drury's Bluff, and also in several of the battles before Petersburg and Richmond. Mustered out Nov. 14, 1865.

The Old Colony Railroad, which threads Plymouth County in various directions, is a consolidation of several lines, the oldest being that portion extending from Boston to Plymouth, which was chartered March IS, 1844, and opened Nov. 10, 1846. The next oldest portion was the line from Boston to Fall River. Sept. 7, 1354, these two lines were consolidated under the name of the Old Colony and Fall River Railroad Company. Oct. 1, 1872, the Fall River Railroad was consolidated with the Cape Cod Railroad Company, which was chartered in 1846, and roud opened to Cape Cod, July 23, 1873. Upon this con.solidation the road took the name of the Old Colony Railroad Company. The South Shore was purcluised Oct. 1, 1876; the Duxbury and Cohasset, Oct. 1, 1878; the Full River, Warren and Providence. Dee. 1, 1875. The Middleboro' and Taunton branch was opened in 1856, the direct line via Easton and Taunton in 1871, and the branch from Raynham to Taunton in 1882. Feb. 1, 1879, a contract was made under which the Old Colony and the Boston, Clinton, Fitchburg and New Bedford Railroads were to be operated perpetually as one line, the latter company receiving as its sliare ten and two thirds per cent, of the gross earnings of tiie eunsolidated line. The Boston, Clinton, Fitchburg and New Bedford Railroad was a consolidation of several Hues. The Old Colony also leases the Lowell and Frauiingham Railroad and the Fall River Railroad, a line extending from Fall River to New Bedford. The lease of this road was made for ninety-nine years. It also leases the Dorchester and Milton road, a line extending from Neponset to Mattapan, a distance of three and one-third miles. The company operates 468.32 miles of road, and have one hundred and twenty locomotives and three thousand one hundred and eightytwo cars.

The following are the lines of this road and its branches: Boston to Providence, 120.01 miles; South Braintree to Plymouth, 26.04 ; Braintree to Kingston, 32.30 ; South Braintree to Newport, 57.97; Middleboro' to Taunton, 14.96; New Bedford to Fitchburg, 91.49. Branches: Middleboro' and Taunton, 8.04 ; South Abington to Bridgewater, 7.33 ; Atlantic to Braintree, 5.41 ; Coha.sset Narrows to Wood's Hall, 17.54 ; Yarmouth to Ilyannis, 5.05 ; Pratt's Junction to Sterling Junction, 5.67 ; Wliittenton Junction to Attleboro', 8.60 ; Tremont to Fair Haven, 15.17. Also the Easton, Shawmut, Fall River, Warren and Providence Extension, Lancaster, Marlboro', Framingham Prison, Weir, and Acushuet branches.

The road is under the present management : President, Charles F. Choate ; Treasurer, John M. Washburn ; Clerk, John S. Brayton ; Gener:il Manager, J. R. Kendrick ; Division Superintcndent.s, J. H. French, S. A. Webber, C. H. Nye; General Passenger and Ticket Agent, J. Spraguc, Jr. ; General Freight Agent, S. C. Putnam ; Superintendent of Motive Power, J. N. Lander; Chief Engineer, George S. Morrill ; Master of Transportation, J. C. Sanborn; Master of Car Repairs, S. Stevens ; Purchasing -\geiit, R. W. Husted.

The Fall River Line. - Thia railroad compaoy also owns the fatuous Fall River Hoe. The firbt comtuunication between Fall River and New York was inaugurated iu 1847 by the organization of the Bay State Steamboat Company, with a capital of three hundred thousand dollars. The first steamer, '- Bay State," commenced her trips in May of that year. This company in course of time passed into control of the Boston, Newport and New York Steamboat Company, and later the steamers became the property of the Narra;.;ansett Steamship Company, then under the control of James Fisk, Jr., and Jay Gould, of New York.

In about the year 1871 this line passed into the possession of the Old Colony Railroad Company, thus forming its now famous " Fall River Line" between Boston and New York. Among the older boats operated by this company were the " Senator," the " Governor," the ' Kauhdin," and the " State of Maine." The present steamers are the " Old Colony" and " Newport" for winter .service, and the palatial steamers '' Bristol," " Providence," and " Pilgrim" for summer service. The latter was added to the line in 1883, and is one of the finest and largest steamers plying on the sound.

TJniversalist Society. - Since the settlement of Rev. Mr. Surt, in 1864, the pulpit of the Universalists of Brockton has had a varied experience, and the supply been somewhat irregular. Rev. Stephen L. Rorapaugh was pastor from May, 1864, to Dec. 16, 1806, when he resigned, though he continued preaching till March 24, 1867. The next pastor was the Rev. Isaac M. Atwood, from May, 1807, to 1872. Rev. S. S. Hcbard, April, 1872.

Several changes took place in the affairs of the society from 1872 to 1877. About that time Rev. Samuel L. Beal removed to Brockton from Provincetown, and gathered a new organization of members of the disbanded society, and preached in the old Universalist Church, which was then unoccupied, where he remained for a few months, and then removed to the Grand Army Hall, East Elm Street, where he remained for two to three years. His first great effort was to organize a Sunday-school, which he did on the 5th day of June, 1877. In 1880 this society removed to Cunningham Hall, formerly the old Universalist Church, where he continued for about three years. On the 9th of November, 1880, a new and legal organization of the society took place, under the name of New Universalist Society. The success uf the society has been largely through the efforts and labors of Rev. Mr. Beal, who had gatliercd au assembly representing nearly one hundred families, and a Sunday-school having a library of about one thousand volumes. Mr. Beal was an active and earnest man in the pulpit. He was also deeply interested in temperance and other reforms in the city, and labored vigorously with tongue and pen to check the tide of intemperance and vice, and often with telling effect. Mr. Beal did faithful service on the school committee in 1882. Rev. Mr. Beal retired from the service of this church in August, 1883.

On the 1st of September, the same year, the Rev. John P. Eastman, of Manchester, N. H., a graduate of Tufta College, was invited to supply the pulpit, and immediately began preaching, and on Thursday, the 2nth of December, in Cunningham Hall, he was ordained to the ministry and installed as pastor of the church. The hall was finely trimmed with evergreen, and over the pulpit the words, " God is our Strength." The service commenced at two o'clock p m., and was largely attended. Rev. C. R. Tenney, of Sloughton, led the praise meeting, and the sermon was preached by Rev. W. C. Biddle, of North Cambridge. The regular ordination services at seven p.m. were well attended, the hall being completely filled.

Rev. R. P. Bush, of Everett, road the Scriptures and offered prayer. After the ordination hymn a sermon was delivered by Rev. L. F. McKinney, of Manchester, N. H., which was an eloquent discourse. Rev. C. R. Tenney gave the charge to the pastor, Rev. R. T. Sawyer, of Quincy, extended the fellowship of the church, and Rev. B. F. Bowles, of Abinu'- ton, delivered the charge to the society. After tlie singing of the hymn, '- Jesus, Lover of my Soul," by the congregation, the benediction was pronounced by the newly-ordained pastor.

St. Paul's Episcopal Church. - The first services of this denomination in Brockton were in 1871, when a mission was established. Rev. Benjamin II. Gifford, of Bridgewater, Mass., commenced preaching in the vestry of the Central Methodist Church, in Brockton, and " Music Hall," afterwards in " Perkins' Hall."

Rev. Thomas G. Carver, D.D., of New York City, formerly a chaplain in the array, preached here fur a time, from Aug. 15, 1875. The estimation in which Dr. Carver was held by the people with whom he

" Wnt:ict:AS, He has in a most friendly manner made it ap- > patent to us that his action in this mutter is and will be a mu- | tual benciit to our Parish, as well as to himself, therefore

" litnitlved^ That while we accept his resignation in the spirit of love and good-will, we personally and collectively appreciate his abilities, and regret bis leaving us at this time.

" Renulued, That We tender him our siucere thanks for his ministrations during the past three years, and especially for the hearty interest and energy displayed in the personal efT(jrt so successfully made in the building of our ohapel,

'* ReHulvtdf That the clerk be instructed to convey a copy of these resolutions to Br. Carver, and cause the same to be printed in the Brockton papers."

This society has a neat chapel costing about two thousand dollars, sixty by thirty-five feet in size, on Pleasant Street, fitted up in good taste. St. Paul's Chapel was opeued for public worship Sunday, July 8, 1877. The services were conducted by Dr. Carver, who preached the dedicatory sermon from the text, 1 Samuel vii. 12. Music on that occasion was by a quartette of vocalists, consisting of Mrs. E. E. Dean, Mrs. C. F. Westou, Mr. W. D. Packard, director, and Mr. F. James; Miss Holbrook presided at the organ.

The chapel is an unpretentious little edifice of the Noroian-Gothic style of architecture, with a sharp roof, bald gables, and Gothic windows. Over the front door is a projecting entrance, surmounted by a cross. The interior is finished with open timbering to the roof; at the chancel end is a handsome stained window, bearing an emblem of the Trinity, beueath which is an elegant altar of walnut and ash. Inside the chancel-rail are two richly upholstered chairs, and a lectern, on which is a beautiful copy of the Bible, presented to tiie church. The auditorium has sittings for nearly two hundred people. The pews are cushioned, and the aisle neatly carpeted. Seats for the choir and a place for an organ are located at the southwest corner of the room and screened by a low curtain.

Permanent services have been established here, which supplies a long-felt want for those who desire the impressive services of the Episcopal Church, and in a community like Brockton will soon outgrow in numbers their present accommodations.

Friday evening, June 4, 1875, in the room furmerly occupied by the Board of Trade, under Mu»ic Hall, at the corner of East Elm and Main Streets. Rev. Charles M. Winchester, who was connected with the North End Mission of Boston, was pa.stor. The chief object of this new society was to preach the gospel to the masses, having special regard in and fur the young people who attend no stated place of worship, ;ind to lead tiiem into moral and Christian ways. It was unseclarian, the chief planks in its platform being as follows :

" Repentance toward God ; Faith in the Lord Jesus Christ, and a Holy Life." Its motto was, " More faith, more charity, more work." " The singing will be congregational, and the seats free."

The first meeting was well attended, and apparently by those who were interested in the new movement. The pastor preached from Acts viii. 5-8. A large number of young persona were present, who listened with the deepest attention, and ample evidence of the need of such a church was manifest. The number continued to increase under the preaching of Mr. Winchester, and Music Hall was requir(;d in a short time to accommodate the increasing numbers. On Friday, the 1st day of October, 1875, a room in Mercantile Building was dedicated to the service of the church ; connected with this church a " Literary and Musical Club," and a Children's Temperance Society, christened by the name of " Brockton Slar-of- Promise Cadets," was formed of young people under twelve years of age ; also a Woman's Temperance Working and Praying Band did good work. In addition to Mr. Winchester's labors connected with this church, he preached in the almshouse every Sabbath afternoon. This society continued till Feb. 4, 1877, when the pastor delivered his farewell discourse.

Unity Church. - On the first Sabbath in May, 1881, Rev. A. Everett Goodnough, who had been located at Bridgewater, commenced religious services in Satucket Hall, under the auspices of the " Unitarian Association" of Boston. There were about one hundred and fifty persons present at the first meeting. Regular services were held, as above stated, in Satucket Hall, and on Sunday, May 29, 18S1, and at the close of the services a meeting was held of those interested in the fortuation of a ynitarian Society, consisting of about one hundred persons. Ciiarles W. Sumner, Esq., presided, and Dr. Henry II. Filoon was chosen secretary, " the object being for the purpose of encouraging and promoting religious worship of the Unitarian faith, and to become a part of the so-called Unitarian denomination."

to Rev. A. Everett Goodnough to become their I pastor. The members of this society organized and adopted a set of by-laws for the management of , the business affairs of the cimrch, with the following ] oflBcers: Finance Committee, Col. John J. Whipple, Benjamin 0. Caldwell, Hon. Henry H. Packard, William H. Tobey, Lucius Richmond, James H. Cooper, Dr. Henry H. Filoon.

The religious and social interests of the church were in charge of the pastoral committee, which was as follows: Charles W. Sumner, Esq., Rev. A. Everett Goodnough, Henry F. Whitmarsh, Howard T. Marshall, Lorenzo D. Hervey, John F. Cooper, Mrs. John E. Howard, Mrs. A. Everett Goodnough.

The music committee were the ibllowing: John E. Howard, Sumner A. Hayward, Elmer W. Walker, J. H. Davey, A. P. Hazard, H. A. Cleverly, and Henry S. Porter.

The following is a list of the earliest and most active members of this society : John J. Whipple, Henry H. Packard, Henry H. Filoon, James H. Cooper, William H. Tobey, Lucius Richmond, Benjamin 0. Caldwell, Henry S. Porter, George H. Gould, Warren S. Gurney, Charles C. Merritt, Herbert S. Fuller, 0. 0. Patton, William H. Wade, Oliver B. Quiuby, John F. Cooper, Henry B. Caldwell, Alfred W. Jones, Elmer W. Walker, Charles Perkins, George

The society continued to increase in numbers till there seemed to be a necessity for increasing their accommodations and becoming a legal organization. Having that object in view, a petition was presented to Charles W. Sumner, Esq., a justice of the peace, to call a meeting for that purpose, and for choosing a board of officers.

Agreeably to the call a meeting was held, Friday, Nov. 30, 1883, which was adjourned to Wednesday, Dec. 5, 1883, at which time a set of by-laws was adopted, among which were the following :

** Ai-ticU 2. The objeot of this Cburoh shall be the study and practice of pure roligioo. Although it is designed to be known as a Unitarian Christian Church, no doctrinal test shall ever be made a condition of membership."

Benjamin 0. Caldwell, Elmer W. Walker, Dr. Henry H. Filoon, Lucius Richmond, A. Cranston Thompson, and William H. Tobey, as standing committee.

At this meeting it was voted to purchase a lot of land on Pond Street, near Belmont Street, owned by Rufus P. Kingman, Esq., as a site for a church building. The lot is a desirable one, is seventy-eight by one hundred and ten feet, and the price paid two thousand dollars. Messrs. Benjamin 0. Caldwell, Lucius Richmond, and William H. Tobey were chosen to procure plans, etc., for the new church edifice.

The church, which is in process of building, will be a tasteful edifice, of wood, with a brick baseu.ent. The entire length of the building is eighty-seven feet, the main portion being sixty-six feet long, having a covered portico twenty-five feet long. It is of the cottage style of architecture, and has a tower at the southwest corner seventy-four feet high, twelve feet square, and another at the northwest corner, fiftj'-three feet in height. It has five double windows of stained glass on either side, affording the interior a pleasing and cheerful aspect.

The interior has seatings for four hundred people, with aisles three and one-half feet in width, a choirgallery and pulpit, with a study in the southeast corner ; a vestry, thirty-eight by forty feet ; a parlor, thirty-eight by tweuty-two feet ; a kitchen, nine by twelve feet ; a library, eight feet square, in short, it will be an attractive and elegant structure. There is a Sunday-school connected with this church numbering one hundred and seventy-five scholars. George H. Gould was the first superintendent, Mrs. Lucy A. Upham, assistant superintendent. Dr. Henry II. Filoon is the present incumbent ; George E. Bryant, librarian.

Brocktoa Free-Will Baptist Chnrcli was organized Feb. 5, 1884. Numbers thirty-nine communicants. Services are licld in Joslyn's Hall, on Centre Street. The present pastor is Rev. Henry T. Barnard. Mr. Barnard is the son of Tristram and Mahala F. (Russell) Barnard, born in Exeter, Me., April 1, 1841 ; graduated in the high school, Lowell, Mass., in 1859, and Bates' Th'^ological School, Lewiston. Me. ; settled in Ossipee, N. H., 1878, and in Brockton, 1884. Isaac N. Allen, Cyrus E. Lane, deacons; John Barbour, clerk and treasurer; John Barbour, superintendent of Sunday-school.

Commercial Club. - Tiiis ia a local organization of prouiiuent business men, having for its object the cultivation of pleasant personal relations between its members, and the promotion of measures for the welfare and growth of the city.

At the outset this club was named Union Club, and its number limited to twenty-five members, but as there was another of that name, it Wiis soon changed. The social element of this organization, which is a conspicuous element, is its monthly meetings at Hotel Belmout, at which speeches from invited guests having reference to and a bearing upon the mercantile interests of the city are often expected. In its general features it is not unlike many of the clubs of Boston. Its first officers at its organization, Jan. 12, 1883, were as follows: Rufus P. Kingman, president ; Ziba C. Keith, vice-president; Baalis Sanford, secretary ; Henry W. Robinson, treasurer ; Davis S. Packard, Ellis Packard, Gardner J. Kingman, executive committee ; Charles VV. Sumner, Preston B. Keith, William W. Cross, George E. Keith, and Sewall P. Howard, committee on membersliip.

Old Colony Congregational Club. - This club was formed Nov. 21, 1883, of clergymen and laymen of vtirious churches in the immediate vicinity of Brockton, for the promoting of social and effective work in the churches on a similar plan to other organizations in various sections of the State. Any person attending, or who is a member of a Congregational Church, is eligible to membership. Six monthly meetings are held each year in Brockton, one in October, and the last one in the spring. A slight fee for membership is assessed, to pay current expenses.

The court consists of one standing justice and two special justices, commissioned by the Governor of the commonwealth, as follows: Jonas R. Perkins, standing justice; Charles W. Sumner, special justice; Hosea Kingman, special justice ; David L, Cowell, clerk ; George A. Wheeler, Alira S. Porter, and Henry S. Porter, deputy sheriffs.

This court was organized on Tuesday the 1st day of July, the clerk reading the commissions of the standing and special justices and deputy sheriffs. Otis Hayward being designated as officer of tin' court. The county commissioners have provided apartments in a hall on East Elm Street, and fitted it with the usual fixtures of a court-room.

North Bridgewater Industrial Association. - This association was organized Dec. 27, 1860, with the following officers : Chandler Sprague, Esq , president; Isaac T. Packard, secretary; Lyman Clark, treasurer; Charles Gurney and David L. Cowell, vicepresidents.

The object of this a.<;sociation is the encouragement of the mechanic arts, agriculture, and horticulture. On account of the rebellion of 1861 this association has not made rapid progress, and their plans were suspended for a while. In October, 18G3, a new board of officers was chosen, as follows : John S. Eldrcdge, president; H. W. Robinson and Dr. L. W. Puffer, vice-presidents; David L. Cowell, secretary ; Chandler Sprague, Esq., treasurer; Moses Stearns, Rufus S. Noyes, Milo Manley, Isaac Kingman, C. J. F. Packard, Samuel French, Loring W. Puffer, Frederic Perkins, Ilenry W. Robinson, George A^ Packard, Caleb H. Packard, and Alexander Hichborn, trustees. Nov. 7, 1870, this association was changed to the " North Bridgewater Agricultural Society."

Brockton Agricultural Society

BROCKTON AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. '* We, the uaderaigned iabubitanls of the town of Ilrockion, in the Commonwealth of Mafisochusetta, do ht^rehy a^dOcialu ourselves together for the purpose of forming a corporation, under the provisions of Section 17, of Chapter t»6, of the General Statutes of the Commonwealth above mentioned, to encourage .\griculture, the name of which Corporation shall bo 'The Brookton Agricultural Society,' to be establi^ticd in the Banl town of Brookton.

Upon application to David L. Cowell, Esq., a justice of the peace, a warrant was issued to Henry W. Robinson directing him to uottfy th above men.

Source changes here: from Biographical Review ... Containing Life Sketches of Leading Citizens of Plymouth County, Massachusetts ., by Biographical Review Publishing Company, Boston, Pub, published 1897; 281,923 words in this source stream.

Preface

AVAILING ourselves with all diligence, and in good faith, of the material kindly placed at our disposal, we have pushed forward to its completion a new volume of contemporary biography, - the eighteenth in our Atlantic States Series, - which we take pleasure in tendering to our subscribers, the friends and patrons who have aided in our work, feeling confident that, however it may fall short of the ideal excellence striven after, it will be found to meet a real want, gratify a natural taste of the times, and occupy a place hitherto unfilled. The' generation that fails to write its own records will seldom get a fair showing on the pages of history. Here on these western shores, where first the inherent dignity of human nature, the worth of the individual, have been strongly emphasized. Genealogy, which traces descent, and helps to show the origin and transmission of personal traits, has become an attractive and popular study, and biography, which shows individual character and action, a favorite form of literature. The average newspaper gives undue prominence to the evil done by men of ill-will or misguided passion. To the writer of select biographies falls the cheerful task of setting down what is best deserving of remembrance and emulation in the virtuous lives of earnest workers in divers fields of usefulness.

These pages show what manner of men and women are now, two hundred seventy and more years after the landing on Plymouth Rock, dwelling in the old homes and haunts of the Pilgrims. Many of the worthies here commemorated are "Mayflower" descendants, kinsmen and kinswomen of that good and valiant band, through various lines of ancestry. Others trace from the '" Fortune," the

"Ann," the "Little James," the "Diligent," or later venturous barks, some being valued American citizens of foreign birth, 3'et as truly imbued with the Pilgrim spirit as was the poet whose forceful lines, already quoted from, choicely set forth the saintly and rugged virtues of the forefathers : -

They trusted first the universal vote ; The first were they to practise and instill The rule of law, and not the rule of will ; They lived one noble test, - who would be freed Must, give up all to follow duty's need."

Ufus Packard Kingman

UFUS PACKARD KINGMAN, late President of the Home National Bank, of Brockton, was for years closely identified with the most vital interests of this city, where he was an honored resident. He was born in what was then North Bridgewater (now Brockton), November 4, a few months after the birth of the He was a son of Benjamin and Rebecca (Packard^ Kingman, Benjamin being si.xth in descent from Henry Kingman, who with his wife, Joanna, and five children, landed in Weymouth, Mass., July 10, 1636, coming from Weymouth, England.

North Bridgewater, in the early part of the century, was a small settlement of farmers and shoemakers. Benjamin Kingman was engaged for some time in the manufacture of shoes, but about 1833 he erected a public house on the present site of Washburn's Block, and went into the hotel business. Later he gave his attention chiefly to farming. He was for a number of years agent for the Hingham Mutual Fire Insurance Company, of Hingham, Mass. Mr. Benjamin Kingman took an active part in political affairs, and was elected to a number of offices, serving for some time as Selectman of North Bridgewater, and attending the General Court.

private instruction from some of the early teachers of the place - Mrs. Nathan Jones, Deacon Heman Packard, the Rev. Jonathan Coe, and others. He was twelve years old when his father erected his public house, and he began at that time to make himself useful. He afterward worked on the farm until he was eighteen years old, and in 1840 he entered the employ of William F. Brett, proprietor of the leading dry-goods and variety store in the town. This store was in the hotel building, corner of School and Main Streets. In 1846 Mr. Kingman was made a partner in the business, and the firm name changed to Brett & Kingman. He was never physically strong, and in 1854 he was obliged to retire from active business for a while on account of feeble health. While in the dry-goods trade, Mr. Kingman in 1850 erected the first brick building in the town, on the site of the old Centre schoolhouse, south of the hotel. It was named Kingman's Block, and is now occupied by Howard & Caldwell, clothiers. Soon after the dissolution of the firm of Brett & Kingman, there was a demand for banking accommodations, and, a bank being established, Mr. Kingman was chosen Cashier. He filled his position with such signal ability that the bank was a great success, and was only abandoned on the establishment of the United States Banking Laws. It was closed in 1866, on the decision of the Directors that they would not change to a national bank.

Biographical Review

In 1874 a new bank was chartered, called the Home National Bank; and Mr. Kingman being unanimously elected President, filled his office with honor and signal ability for twenty years. In 1876, when the North Bridgewater Savings Bank was closed, Mr. Kingman and Ellis Ames, of Canton, were appointed Trustees by the Supreme Court of Massachusetts to wind up its affairs. They performed their duty in such a faithful and judicious manner that they were able to pay the depositors ninety-four and ninety-six one hundredths per cent.

Mr. Kingman, on the death of his father, became agent for the Hingham Mutual Fire Insurance Company, and in 1871 he was elected to the Board of Directors. Affairs of great importance were often intrusted to him, and he was never found wanting in honesty and integrity of purpose. His personal success did not warp or narrow his nature. Often consulted on matters of finance, his advice was always freely and honestly given. When the North Bridgewater Board of Trade was established he was elected a Director; and in 1890, when the Brockton City Hospital was organized, he was elected Vice-President. In 1874 he was one of the corporate members of the Brockton Agricultural Society. He was one of the first Directors of that body, was two years Treasurer, and for some time Vice- President; and in January, 1893, when the Commercial Club was organized, Mr. Kingman was elected President.

He belonged to a family well known for their prominence in local affairs, and betook a personal interest in the welfare of his native place. In politics he was a stanch Whig and Republican. While acting as Cashier of the first bank, he was elected Town Treasurer of North Bridgewater, and faithfully performed the duties of his office for nine years; in 1872 he was chosen Assessor; in 1873 and 1874 was re-elected; and in 1881 he was a member of the Retiring Board of Selectmen, it being the last year of the town government. He had much to do in arranging affairs for the inauguration of the new city government, and under Brockton's new order of things he was elected to the Board of Aldermen from Ward 2, being made Chairman on the organization of the l^oard ; and he was unanimously reelected three times. The Hon. William L. Douglas, when mayor of the city, appointed him Chairman of the Board of Sewerage, May 31, 1890; and he was efficiently discharging the duties of this office at the time of his death, which occurred on Tuesday, P"ebruary 20, 1894.

Mr. Kingman was married August 30, 1852, to Abby, only child of Captain Winthrop Sears and Sally (Hawes) Baker, of Yarmouth, Mass. " He was fond of home, the life of the social circle, tender and affectionate," says Bradford Kingman in his History of Brockton, from which the facts here given are taken. "He was plain of speech, honest, straightforward, firm, and decided when decision was needed; had excellent judgment in all matters of business. . . . He had no ambition for public honor or notoriety, and was never active in political strifes, though he was ever ready by his vote to promote the public good. . . . He was most genial and interesting in private, fond of company, had some wit, was always cheerful and buoyant, and quick at repartee. . . . He took great delight in looking over the personal history of the Kingmans, and when the Kingman Memorial Association was organized he took a prominent part, and was elected its Treasurer, filling the office until his death. He caused an elegant monument to be erected at his own expense in Union Cemetery, Brockton, to the memory of

Robert B. Hall

|YRUS HOWARD, one of the old and respected citizens of Brockton, representing a prominent and long established family, was born in North Bridgewater, November 14, 18 17. He is a son of Cyrus and Sylvia (Howard) Howard, both descendants of John Howard, one of the early colonists of New England, and whose first home in this country was near that of Miles Standish. Further information concerning the Howard ancestry may be found in the sketch of George B. Howard.

Cyrus Howard, Sr., a well-to-do farmer of North Bridgewater, who owned a good farm of one hundred acres, spent his life in this place, and died at the age of eighty years. His wife, Sylvia, was a daughter of Colonel Caleb Howard, of North Bridgewater, who was descended from Ephraim and Mary (Keith) Howard, througli I^phraim, born March 25, 1697, and George, son of Ephraim, born January 31, 1731. The latter, who died April 3, 1815, was married in 1745 to Abigail, daughter of Jonathan Copeland. She was born December 9, 1724, and died March 26, 1809. George and Abigail (Copeland) Howard were the parents of eleven children, namely: Hannah, born July 26, 1746; Abigail, September 26, 1748; Betty, May g, 1751; George, September 8, 1753; Oliver, December 21, 1755; Job, May 17, 1758; Caleb, December 15, 1760; Rachel, April 20, 1763; Patte, August 2, 1765; Asaph, March 19, 1768; and Nehemiah, born August 20, 1770. Colonel Caleb Howard, who was an officer in the State militia, and served in many town offices, died January 4, 1831. He

Cyrus Howard was educated in the common schools of North Bridgewater. He first worked at shoemaking, the leading industry of this section of Plymouth County. After several years of indoor labor, he found a more healthful occupation as driver of a market wagon. In managing sales for another he saw the oppoi'tunities for profit in the produce trade, and eventually started a market of his own, which he successfully managed for fifteen years. Mr. Howard is now retired from active business. He was married November 6, 1844, to Hannah, daughter of Zopher Field, of Brockton. She died October 14, 1873, leaving two children. Of the latter, Isabella A., the wife of Thomas W. Frost, of Wolfeboro, N.H., now survives. Mr. Howard has been long affiliated with the Republican party and its lineal predecessors, having cast his first Presidential vote for William Henry Harrison in 1840. He attends religious service at the New Jerusalem (Swedenborgian) Church.

ON. ROBERT B. HALL, formerly of Plymouth, who during his lifetime served his fellow-men in the double capacity of minister of the gospel and legislator, was born in Boston, Mass., in the year 1812. He acquired his education in Boston and in Yale University, where he graduated from the School of Divinity. Early in his life he was a member of the Congregational church, in whose ministry he spent seven or eight years. His religious views underwent a change some years later, and he entered the Episcopal church, receiving orders, and becoming a priest according to its rites and canons. For some time after his ordination he was rector of the church in Newport, R.I., and also had charge of the parish of Plymouth, where through his efforts a church edifice was erected.

The logical force of iiis reasoning, anil the conscientious motive of his efforts, gave him the same strong influence in municipal affairs that he exerted from the pulpit. When he was elected by the people of his district to represent them in the legislative halls of the State, he was as potent in advocating a high standard of national morals as he had been in inculcating purity of individual life. Closing his connection with the State legislature with a year of service in the Senate, he was elected member of Congress, the duties of which office he discharged faithfully and honorably for four years. The Senator-Priest of Plymouth delivered his message to the world from platform, ]nilpit, and press, enunciating the doctrines of truth, purity, and honesty, and pointing steadily to the one perfect type of humanity. The contributions from his pen to various American magazines remain to instruct and tell what manner of man he was. (3ne of his most eloquent addresses was delivered at the dedication of the Masonic Temple in Boston.

George Bancroft, in 1843. ^Villiam T. Davis, the historian, and Judge Davis, of Plymouth, both well known in the world of letters and jurisprudence, were cousins of Mrs. Hall. Mrs. Hall has one child, a daughter. Mr. Hall died in April, 1868, aged fifty-si.\ years. Mrs. Hall is still a resident of Plymouth, where the memory of her husband's good deeds lives after him.

Carver, Plymouth County, Mass., October 18, 1843. His early education, acquired in the public schools of his native town, was supplemented by private study, and by attendance at a commercial college.

At the age of nineteen years he accepted a position as clerk in the Boston office of Matthias Ellis & Co., iron founders, whose manufatory was located at South Carver. Mr. Mcl-'arlin developed strong traits as a business man, and came to occupy such a prominent position in the administration of the affairs of the company that in 1S70 he was admitted to partnership by the firm which seven years before had first employed him as an inexperienced clerk. Mr. McFarlin then returned to his native town, and practically assumed full charge of the iron foundry, and for more than a quarter of a century he has guided and controlled its interests.

These works constitute a sort of historic landmark. They antedate the Revolution, having been established as far back as 1757, and having been, it is said, in almost continuous operation since that period. It is claimed that the first iron tea-kettle manufactured in this country was cast at these works. Shot for the Revolution was made here, also for the War of 1812-14. A member of the company also engaged in supplying shells for the suppression of the Rebellion of 1 861. Of course, the foundry has passed through many vicissitudes incident to the march of progress, and its products to-day, under Mr. McFarlin's management, are strictly modern, consisting of ranges, furnaces, parlor stoves, improved hollow ware, etc., while no vestige remains of those antiquated and now obsolete commodities, the production of which once engaged the full capacity of the works.

A public-spirited citizen, Mr. McFarlin since his return to his native town, has recognizeii his civic duties, and has been active along various lines of usefulness, having been called by the votes of his fellow-citizens to occupy many positions of responsibility and honor. P"or more than twenty years he has served as sole Trustee of the Benjamin Ellis School I'"und. He has likewise served as a member of the School Committee, and in other town ofifices. He has been Postmaster of South Carver, without interruption for twenty years. Governor Talbot appointed Mr. Mc- Farlin a Justice of the Peace, and his commission as Justice has never lapsed, having been renewed by Governor Robinson, and again renewed by Governor Russell. Mr. McFarlin is a Trustee of the W'areham Savings Bank Corporation.

In the memorable Garfield campaign of 18S0, Mr. McFarlin was nominated as a candidate for Representative to the General Court from the Fourth Plymouth District, then including the towns of Carver, Plympton, Kingston, and Duxbury. He was elected, and, at the opening of the legislative session, was appointed a member of the Committee on Manufactures. He was prominent in the debates of the session, and served with such acceptance that the following year he was taken up by the citizens of the P'irst Plymouth District as a candidate for Senatorial honors, and with such unanimity that he received every vote in the nominating convention. For three years he remained a member of the State Senate, and enjoyed the rare distinction of being thrice nominated without a dissenting vote, and thrice elected by, large and increasing majorities. He served as Chairman of the Committee on Manufactures in 1S82 and 1883, and as Chairman of the Railroad Committee in 1884.

The Hon. Charles T. Gallagher, the distinguished Boston lawyer, published in the Middleboro Gazette a review of the Senate of 1882, of which he was himself a member, and in it paid the following graceful tribute to Mr. McFarlin: "I desire to express my admiration for the sterling qualities of character and attainment that he exhibited all through the session. To speak of his genial good nature, his manly character and bearing, his sterling integrity, and his business ability, would be but to repeat what is already well known by his constituents and friends. But, as a legislator, he shone out as an unusually bright and efficient man in the right place, not only for his general good judgment and knowledge of affairs of legislation, but as a debater on the floor, where, from the delivery of his speechon the presentation of the General David Cobb portrait, early in the session, to his able and lucid argument on the Judge Day case near its close, in the many times that he spoke at the Senatorial Board, he was recognized as one of the clearest, most interesting and conscientious speakers of our number: and he added to his record of diligence in committee work the capacity to present his reports with clearness and ability before the full Board. As a companion, his beaming good nature, his ready wit, liis off-liand practical references and original productions passed around the Board at some incident occurring in the process of business, won him to the hearts of all his associates."

Mr. McFarlin has been a contributor to current literature, and is more or less in demand as a public speaker. His Memorial Day addresses, his speeches on political topics, and his literary productions, notably his contribution to King's "Tributes to Garfield," have given him prominence before the public as a speaker and writer. Mr. McFarlin was married in Carver in 1875 to Eldoretta, daughter of Levi and Elizabeth (Look) Thomas. Of this union, two children are now living - Donald and Helena McFarlin. VVinthrop, an infant son, died January 10, 1889.

Mr. McFarlin's home life is all that could be desired. He has a fine residence at South Carver, situated amid scenes of great natural attractiveness. Here he is content to dwell, with his well-cultivated farm, his well-stocked library, with troops of friends, and an interesting family zealously devoted to his happiness.

In preparing this brief biography, we are forcibly impressed with the thought that Mr. McFarlin's career demonstrates anew that we live in a land where a young man may, from comparatively feeble beginnings, by diligence and force of character, constantly improve his condition, and crown his life with worthy achievements.

'red F. FIELD, junior member of the well-known shoe manufacturing firm of Packard & Field, Brockton, was born in the part of Brockton known as Montello, May II, 1861. He is the youngest child of William L. and Mary Dennison (Holmes)

Field. William L. Field was for many years extensively engaged in farming in Montello, where he owned a large tract of land, much of which is now occupied by thriving factories. Another of his sons, Daniel Waldo Field, who is a wealthy shoe manufacturer, erected and gave to Montello its pretty Congregational Church, and is identified with many other public enterprises.

Fred F. Field received his early education in the common schools of Brockton. His father had a large milk route, and the boy was early put on the wagon to serve customers, thus learning practical business methods when quite young. He subsequently took a course of study at Bryant & -Stratton's Commercial College, Boston, and then entered the employ of Burt & Packard, of Brockton, in answer to their advertisement for an office boy. His diligent attention to business won the confidence of his employers, and he was promoted step by step from the position of office boy and porter to that of assistant to Mr. Packard in his factory. He was afterward made superintendent; and when he had filled that position some two or three years, Mr. Burt having retired on account of ill health, Mr. Field became junior partner, under the firm name of Packard & Field. The firm of Burt & Packard was well known to the public through its phonetic form of advertising, " Korrect shape," and controlled an extensive and prosperous business. It has been still further developed since Mr. P'ield became actively connected with the business. He is active manager of the concern, buying all the stock, and attending to all financial details, Mr. Packard acting as silent partner. The firm employs some three hundred men, and turns out about six hundred pair of shoes daily, supplying customers both in this country and abroad.

Biographical Review

to a daughter of Fred Packard, of Brockton, and has now one child, Fred F. In politics he is a Republican, but he takes no active interest in political affairs. He is an honored and popular member of the Commercial Club, and has been on its Executive Committee since its organization. In religious belief he is a Unitarian, and he attends the Church of the Unity.

(ff^YOHN A. RICE, an old and honored resident of Rockland, was born January 29, 1830, at North field, Vt., a son of Alphonso and Mary (Cardell) Rice. His father, Alphonso Rice, who was a manufacturer of Northfield, and later a farmer of Brookfield, in his later years moved to Brooklyn, la., where he died at the age of seventyeight. His wife, Mary, was a native of New York State, having been born near Lake George.

John A. Rice was the eldest of a family of nine children. He was brought up on the farm, working in the summer, and attending the district schools in the winter. At the age of seventeen he began to teach school, an example which was subsequently followed by his brothers and sisters. He taught in his native State for four winters, and afterward in Massachusetts for two winters. At the age of twenty-one, desiring to begin life for himself, he went to the West, where he spent some time in various employments. Returning home, he went to work in the general store of his brother-in-law at East Stoughton, now called Avon. As this relative of Mr. Rice's was also the Postmaster of the place, Mr. Rice attended for a while to the work of the post-office. Leaving East Stoughton, he went to New York City, where, however, he remained but a short time, returning in a few months to Vermont. At this time he was recommended to Nahum Moore, a dealer in dry-goods and furniture in the town of East Abington, now Rockland, by a mutual friend, for the position of the clerk Mr. Moore needed to take charge of his business while he was attending to his legislative duties. The upshot was that Mr. Moore offered Mr. Rice the position, and Mr. Rice accepted it, and came to East Abington (Rockland). He soon proved to his new employer that he possessed the right qualifications for a successful business man. At the end of one year Mr. Moore took him into partnership. Shortly after Mr. Rice, in company with a Boston man, bought out Mr. Moore's interest in the business, and both conducted the place together for two years under the firm name of Rice & Eldridge. At the end of that time Mr. Rice sold out his interest to his partner, antl took a position as clerk with him, which he held for a period of two years. During the Civil War he went to St. Joseph, Mo., with a stock of goods, which he disposed of there at a great profit. This was owing to the fact that in that city public feeling on the subject of the conflict was about equally divided, and Southern partisans were as anxious to get rid of the "greenbacks" as the other side was to get hold of them. Owing to Mr. Rice's shrewdness, he reaped a veritable harvest, especially during the last year of the war. Upon his return to Vermont, he purchased the old home farm, and took up his residence there, but remained only one year. Returning to Rockland, he resumed his old business. Shortly after, his store was burned out. Not discouraged, he continued business elsewhere until a new building was erected. About this time his brother, Charles L., came back from the war, and went into partnership with him. They continued together for some time, but, upon the business increasing, they separated and divided it, John A. retaining the original dry-goods de|3artment, and his brother taking the furniture line. They have both achieved success - the logical result of their enterprise, sagacity, and business talents. Athough the business continues, Mr. Rice retired from active participation about twelve years ago.

On May 30, 1857, Mr. Rice married Sarah S. Soule, a native of Rockland, and a daughter of Josiah and Sophronia J. Soule. They became the parents of four children, of whom three are deceased; namely, J. Willard, Eddie Lawrence, and Lester Howard. The survivor is John Wesley, who is at present a student at Harvard, and resides with his parents. In political action Mr. Rice is a Republican. He has strong Prohibition tendencies, but does not believe that the Third Party is an available factor in practical politics at the present time. Besides his hatred of the saloon as a demoralizing agency, he has a strong aversion to tobacco, which he is not afraid to express in a manly way to those about him. His advice on the subject, if not always followed, is always listened to with respect, because of his disinterested motives. His religious views identify him with the Congregational church, of which he is a strong, earnest, and useful member, and of which he has been a Deacon for a quarter of a century. He has long been a member in good standing of the Masonic order. A public-spirited citizen, Mr. Rice is ever interested in any practical movement to promote the moral, social, or intellectual interests of the town.

jAJOR SAMUEL H. DOTEN. - Occasionally in the walks of life one meets a man whose energy, courage, and general force of character, are such as to draw to him a train of followers in whatever enterprise he may choose to embark. Such a man is Major Samuel H. Dot en. of Plymouth, who was born in the old Colonial town, June 15, 1812, of genuine "Mayflower" pilgrim ancestry. His parents were Samuel and Rebecca (Bradford) Doten.

Samuel Doten, whose father had three wives, was one of a family of twenty-three children. He was born in IMymouth, and followed the sea for a number of years in the merchant service. During the War of 18 12 he was a privateersman, and was so fortunate as to capture a prize. He retired from the sea when past middle age, and was in the lumber business for a while in Plymouth, where he died in 1862, aged seventy-nine years. His wife, Rebecca, was a daughter of Nathaniel Bradford, of Plymouth, who was a Revolutionary soldier, and a lineal descendant of Governor William Bradford. She was the mother of nine children, si.x of whom are yet living, the subject of this sketch being the eldest.

Samuel H. Doten was educated in the common schools of Plymouth. Reared amitl seafaring men, he went to sea when quite young, and at the age of twenty-four was master of the packet "Atlanta." After sailing in that capacity for five years, he succeeded his father in the lumber business in Plymouth, and erected a number of the best buildings in the town, including the Miles Standish Block - both the original edifice, which was destroyed by fire, and the present fine structure - the Masonic Hall, the large dwellinghouse on the corner of Mayflower and Robinson Streets, and his own residence. The Miles Standish Block he still owns. The Masonic Hall he sold to the Masons. He was in the lumber and coal trade some twenty years, and then turned his attention to real estate business, in which he is now engaged.

Samuel H. Doten

tary matters, and in 1S36 he joined the Standish Guards of Plymouth as a musician. Chosen Captain in 1842, he declined to serve in that capacity, but in 1844 he accepted the rank of Lieutenant-Commander. The Standish Guards made a fine figure on gala-days, with military pomp and display, for a number of years; but the crucial test of soldiership did not come until the attack on P'ort Siunter awakened so many American citizens to a sense of the awful duty before them. When Lincoln's first call for seventy-five thousand three-years men reached the homes of New England, old Plymouth was aroused, and a mass meeting was called. E.xcitement ran high, and Major Doten, with characteristic enthusiasm, leaped over the footlights onto the stage, and was the first to put his name on the list, signing, for aught he knew, his own death warrant. Si.xty-five men followed his lead, and in the course of a week a company was formed, and he was elected Captain of the Plyniouth Rock Guards, which was attached to the old Third iWassachusetts Regiment.

They were sent first to Fortress Monroe, where they remained some three months, and were later in Colonel Barnes's command, attached to the Twenty-ninth Massachusetts Regiment. During their term of service they covered nearly the whole seat of war, campaigning for a while in the West, fighting under McCIellan in the seven-days battle before Richmond, retreating to Harrison's I^anding, and thence into Maryland, doing brave service on the bloody field of Antietam, camping at Harper's Ferry, entering Burnside's command at Warrenton, and from there going to F"redericksburg, where they wintered. While at Fredericksburg they made a sortie and were driven back, but the repulse only whetted their courage for the next engagement. They were at \'icksburg under General Grant, and after the famous surrender were detached to Jackson, Miss., thence to the Yazoo River, and subsequently to Cincinnati, whence they marched down to Paris, Ky. , being the first Massachusetts regiment to enter the Blue Grass State. From Paris they marched over the Cumberland Mountains to Knoxville, Tenn., and participated in the battle of Fort Saunders. The taking of P'ort Saunders ended Major Doten's campaigning for a while; for, weakened by the Southern scourge, fever and ague, he was obliged to return home. As soon as able, he returned to the army, but saw no more active service. Discharged in 1864, with the rank of Brevet- Major, he was commissioned by Governor Andrew to recruit a regiment in Tennessee; but his family were so opposed to his going that he yielded to their entreaties and remained at home.

Major Doten was married in September, 1836, to Miss Abbie D. Virgin, of Plymouth, who died April 19, 1844. She was the mother of three children, one of whom survives; namely, Priscilla A., who married Nelson R. Scovel, of Albany, N.Y., but is now residing at Mattapan, Mass. In 1848 he was again married to Laura M., daughter of Gorham Lane, of Lancaster, N.H.

Major Doten represented the town of Plymouth in the State legislature during the years 1858 and 1859. He cast his first Presidential vote for Martin Van Buren, and since early manhood has been a strong Republican. The Major has no desire for public office, and has refused to accept nomination; but he was Registrar of Probate some seven years, being appointed in 1856 under Governor Gardner, and was Collector of the port of Plymouth for seven years. He was instrumental in organizing Collingwood Post, No. j6^ Grand Army of the Republic, his name heading the list of members, and he was the first Commander of the post. He is now a member of the Grand Encampment. A Master Mason for many years, he is a member of Plymouth Lodge, A. F. & A. M. He helped to organize Samoset Chapter in 1S73, and, in recognition of his services as its first and only Secretary, was presented by the chapter in 1890 with an elegant diamond-studded charm. Asa Knight Templar he belongs to the Old Colony Commandery at Abington.

The first Odd Fellow in Plymouth, having been initiated in 1S44 at Bangor, Me., he helped to organize Mayflower Lodge in his native town, of which he was the first Vice Grand and the second Noble Grand, and is the only surviving charter member. He is also a member of Sagamore Encampment, and was District Grand Deputy to the Grand Encampment in 1872.

In the early days of temperance reform he was an active worker for the cause of prohibition, and was largely instrumental in organizing the Plymouth branch of the Sons of Temperance, established in 1847, being appointed D. G. W. P. Major Doten attends the Unitarian Church. His whole life has been characterized by self-reliance and fearlessness in danger; and as an incident of his dashing bravery it is related that when he was a young man he helped to rescue si.'c of a shipwrecked crew, battling a heavy surf in a lifeboat.

^CfJ)/lLLIAM E. REALS, a member of \5V the firm of Reals & Orcutt, prosperous merchants of Brockton, was born in Middleboro, Mass., June 11, 1S55, son of Isaac and Lavinia (Waldron) Reals. The family originated with John Reals, who in 1639 settled in Hingham, where several generations of it have lived and died. Some of the race settled in Stoughton, and of that branch William E. is a descendant. The family has given to politics and science several noted men. William E. Reals's grandfather, Isaac, a son of Isaac Reals, was born in Stoughton, and died in Ro.xbury comparatively young. He married Cynthia Keith, who also was a member of one of the old families of this county. Isaac Reals, Jr., father of William E., was in the shoe bnsiness during the greater part of his life, and for some time was foreman of a leather room. He died at the age of forty-two. His wife was a daughter of Billings and Polly (Briggs) Waldron. Mr. Waldron was an extensive farmer, and a prominent resident of Dighton, Mass. Isaac Beals, Jr., and his wife reared two children, namely: William E., the subject of this sketch; and Alice, the widow of Clement D. Gardner, of Brockton.