Lorain City (part 77 of 77)

On August 1, 1901, Cyrus W. Hawley married Hannah Kelsey, a daughter of Elam and Lois (Tillitson) Kelsey. Elam Kelsey was born at Berlin, Connecticut, February 1, 1810, and died in Huntington Township of Lorain County, February 23, 1866. His wife was born at Pittsford, Monroe County, New York, October 2, 1817, and died March 21, 1897. Of their nine children the three now living are: Mrs. Hawley; Astor Kelsey, formerly a lumberman and now living retired at Caladonia, Michigan; and Frank Kelsey, who is employed in the rubber works at Akron. Mr. and Mrs. Kelsey were members of the Universalist Church. They were married in Huntington, Lorain County, and Elam Kelsey eame to this county with his parents when only two years of age. During part of his youth he worked for wages, and finally bought fifty acres of land, later fifty more acres, and cleared up and developed a good farm in Huntington Township. His father was Zenas Kelsey. who was one of the very first settlers in that township.

\inies §. Basserr. Throughout a period of more than eighty years there has accumulated a great wealth of associations for the Bassett family in Russia Township. More than four score years ago there arose on a small clearing in the midst of the heavy woods in that section a log cabin. 14x16 feet, which was the first home and shelter of the family of Nathan Bassett in Lorain County. That humble dwelling was replaced a year or so later, in 1836, by a frame house, and that stood for a great many years. It was finally relegated to a second place, and the advance- ment and prosperity of the family were given further material evidence in the large house of more modern type and the splendid group of barns and outbuildings which are still standing in that part of the county. It was in the second homestead that Miles S. Bassett was born, and for a great many years he has been an active factor in the farming and dairying enterprise of the township, and is one of the best known citizens of Oberhn.

Nathan Bassett, grandfather of Miles S., was born August 12, 1763, at Bridgewater, Massachusetts, and was descended from some of the first settlers of the Massachusetts colony. On April 4, 1793, Nathan Bassett married Sarah Standish, who was also born at Bridgewater, December 10, 1775. She was a lineal descendant, being in..the sixth generation, from the noted Miles Standish, who landed at Plymouth Rock from the Mayflower in 1620.

Nathan Bassett has been described as a man of extraordinary vitality and of wide and varied experience. Toward the close of the Revolutionary war, which had begun when he was about twelve years of age, he volunteered in a regiment which went to Rhode Island to assist in repelling a threatened British invasion. He also spent seven years in the early merchant marine, in the service of the West India Company. During the War of 1812 he was an American soldier stationed at Buffalo, New York, and was wounded in one engagement. About 1812 he moved to Chili in Monroe County, New York. He showed his indomitable will and courage by his final removal and migration, when past seventy years of age, into the still wilderness of Lorain County, where he arrived in 1834. In Russia Township he located on the farm subsequently oceupied by his son Charles and began the heavy task of improvement. He bought sixty-seven acres of land, and in that community spent the rest of his days. He and his wife had traveled the journey of life together for sixty years. Nathan Bassett died in 1853 and his wife in 1854. He was ninety when death came to him and it is said that until the last few months he had been almost as active as many men of sixty. In polities he was an old line whig. He died about the beginning of the new movement which culminated in the republican party. After coming to Lorain County he filled several township offices, particularly that of school examiner. He and his wife were the parents of nine children, named Thomas, Phoebe, Sarah, Naomi, Betsey, Freelove, Amanda, Emily and Charles.

Charles Bassett, who was for many years an active, vigorous factor in Russia Township, was born at Chili, Monroe County, New York, March 10, 1820, and was the youngest in the family. He was fourteen years of age when the parents came to Lorain County, and he finished his education in some of the primitive schools then taught in this section of Ohio. He followed in the footsteps of his father as a farmer, and made that a very profitable vocation. Beginning with the original sixty-seven acres bought by his father in 1834, he developed his interests until he owned several hundred acres of well improved land in Russia Township. He was very practical and industrious, and was always relied upon as one of Lorain County's most trustworthy citizens. For a number of terms he filled the office of township trustee, also justice of the peace, and beginning with early manhood he filled the office of school director for thirty vears or more.

On September 7, 1846, Charles Bassett married Emma Parsons, who was born in England July 28, 1819, a daughter of John and Ann (Yetman) Parsons. The Parsons family has likewise heen prominent in Lorain County. and John Parsons and wife brought their children to America in 1832. After a short stay at Mentor in Lake County, Ohio, he came to Russia Township, the permanent settlement being made there in 1833. Charles and Emma Bassett became the parents of five children: Emima, born April 26, 1847, and who married Frederick E. Griffin of Amherst; Charles Henry, born April 26, 1850; Miles Standish, born December 1, 1851; Helen, born January 20, 1857; and Harvey Lewis, born Jul 3, 1859. Charles Bassett died September 29, 1912, at the age of ninety-two years, his wife having preceded him by eleven years.

Miles Standish Bassett was born on the old homestead in Russia Township. December 1, 1851. He acquired his early education in the country schools and learned farming from his father and has followed that vocation without interruption to the present time.

On April 21. 1881, he married Lois Orlissa Eggelston. She was born at Auburn. Geauga County, Ohio, a daughter of Alanson and Harriet (Bentley) Eggelston. Her parents were both natives of New York State and came to Ohio in early days, settling on a farm, where they lived a nuinber of vears. They afterwards moved to Hiram Rapids in Portage County, where Alanson Eggelston engaged in the grocery business. Mrs. Bassett was the youngest of five children.

Mr. and Mrs. Bassett have two daughters: Marian Jessie, who graduated from the Oberlin High School in 1902, spent two years in the Conservatory of Music; and Cora Eloise, who is now a student of voice at Oberlin.

Mr. Bassett and family are members of the Congregational Church at Amherst. He is affiliated with the Royal Arcanum and also with the local Grange. As a republican, like his father and grandfather before him, he has filled various offices, having served as township trustee four years and as school director. It was in 1878 that he bought the farm upon which he still lives. He owns 116 acres and while operating the land for general farming purposes, he conducts an extensive dairy, keeping from twenty to twenty-five milch cows. About 1890 he erected his beautiful home, a two-story house with all the comforts and conveniences, and surrounded by excellent barns and other buildings.

Epcir Day Mums. In the Village of North Eaton a man of enterprise in a commercial sense is Edgar Day Mills, proprietor of a general mercantile store, which has been conducted by the Mills family in that locality for the past thirty-five years. This store more than any other one thing has given distinction to that point in Lorain County as a place of trade.

It was in the little Village of North Eaton that Edgar Day Mills was born, February 16, 1882, a son of Byron T. and Mary A. (Day) Mills. His father, who was the founder of the present business, was born on Butternut Ridge in Eaton Township, grew up on a farm, had a common school education, and for a number of years conducted farming. In 1881 he opened a stock of general merchandise on the south side of the street at North Eaton, but later put up the building where his son is now located. He was a well liked and popular business man, and though a republican, never sought office. He died June 22, 1915. He was the father of three children: Charles, a farmer in Columbia Township ; Edgar D.; and Frank, who is now a resident of Cleveland and is married and has one child.

Edgar Day Mills acquired a common school education and practically grew up in the business of which he is now proprietor. When quite a boy he began clerking there and is thoroughly familiar with the routine of merchandising.

Tiltjies. The year he was married Mr, Mills moved to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where he spent about twelve years. In that time he learned and followed the machinist's trade. Then in 1912 he returned to North Eaton and bought out his father's business and has since made that a source of satisfying prosperity.

He and his wife have three children: Calista, who was born in Pittsburgh; Russell, born in North Eaton; and Thelma, born at North Eaton, January 20, 1916. Mr. Mills is a republican, and he and his wife are active members of the Disciples Church.

Simgeon Nasu has for a number of years been recognized as one of the men who has supplied the requisite energy and enterprise tv the agricultural life of Lorain County. At one time he was only a renter and started life with little capital, though he had inherited from his ancestors sterling characteristics which stood him in good stead in all the problems of existence. He has succeeded above the ordinary, has a splendid estate in the vicinity of Oberlin, and is a highly esteemed citizen.

He was born in Lorain County, September 21, 1870. His grandfather, Jerrid Nash, died in New York State, where he was a farmer. The maternal grandparents were Orin and Anna Elizabeth (Freeman) Gibson. Orin Gibson was one of the prominent early settlers of Lorain County. He was born in New York State in 1807 and died in May, 1883. Coming to Lorain County in an early day, he made settlement here four years after his father, Timothy Gibson, had located. Both these names are deserving of much honor and respect on account of their important relations with the early agricultural activities and development in this county. Orin Gibson died at the age of eighty-five.

The parents of Simeon Nash were Nathan B. and Louisa (Gibson) Nash. His father was born in New York State, September 7, 1830, and died December 26, 1910. He was four years of age when hrought to Lorain County by his mother, who acquired a farm, and he grew up and received his education in Russia Township and in Oberlin graded schools. As soon as old enough he started farming on his own account and though he too had to begin with practically nothing he succeeded very admirably and left a good estate. In politics he was first a whig and afterwards a republican. Nathan Nash was married January 3, 1860, to Miss Gibson, who was born in Russia Township of Lorain County, March 28, 1837. She is still living. now in her eightieth vear. Of the seven children born to them six are still living. Winfield S., a farmer in Eaton Township of Lorain County; Anna A. Bemis, wife of an Eaton Township farmer; Orin T., who died at the age of seven years: Elizabeth B., who lives with her mother; Simeon; Charles B.. a farmer in Eaton Township; and Walter, who resides at the old homestead with his mother.

Simeon Nash spent his early life in Russia Township. attended school there, and was still young when he assumed some of the heavier responsibilities of his father's farm. He continued to live with his parents until twenty-four and for the next six or seven years operated as a renter. His thrift and industry enabled him to make his first purchase of fifty acres, and from that he has steadily climbed upwards to a larger prosperity until he is now the owner of 310 acres. While classed as a general farmer, he makes cattle raising his principal source of profit, and he keeps a herd of about seventy head, many of them registered Herefords. He also does some dairy business.

On March 19, 1895, he married Miss Augusta L. Schramm, daughter of Daniel Schramm, who was a well known early settler in Russia Township. Mr. and Mrs. Nash have one son, Chester. born March 2, 1896.

Ep H. Braun. If success consists of making the hest of one's opportunities in life) Ed H. Braun is properly considered among Lorain County's successful men. He has a fine farm in the vicinity of Kipton, has a good home and a growing family, and is regarded as one of the leaders in his industry and also in the county Grange movement.

A native of Lorain County, he was born in Henrietta Township May 11, 1883, a son of Henry and Christina (Dute) Braun. Both parents were natives of Germany, and the paternal grandparents came to the United States and died in Lorain County. Henry Braun was born in Germany in March, 1845, and his wife in 1842. They were married in Lorain County in 1866. Henry Braun came to the United States in 1861, being a poor boy at the time, and has acquired success by hard work and persistent application. He had learned something of the stonecutter's trade, and his first employment here was in a quarry at Amherst. Later he bought a farm in Amherst Township and lived there fourteen years and then moved to Henrietta, living there thirty-four years. His prosperity now includes the ownership of 145 acres of land and it is sufficient for all the needs of his declining years. He is a democrat-in politics, and he and his wife are members of St. Peter's Church. To their marriage were born seven children, and the five now living are: Anna, wife of Louis Kothe, a Lorain County farmer; Martha, wife of Andrew Shubert. a farmer in Lorain County; Rosa, wife of Henry Manns of Russia Township; Ed H.; and Will M., of Henrietta Township.

Ed H. Braun grew up on the farm in Henrietta Township. attended school until completing the eighth grade, and was still a boy when he started his vocation as a farmer. He gradually accumulated a little capital by thrift and industry, and in 1909 was enabled to purchase his present farm of 100 acres. In the last seven years he has effected many improvements. has remodeled the building, and has a substantial brick house and all the necessary outbuildings.

In 1909 Mr. Braun married Hattie Sedelke, a daughter of Frank Sedelke, a prosperous farmer of Russia Township. Mr. and Mrs. Braun have two children: Grace Edna, born January 10, 1912; and Earl William, born August 15, 1915.

The family are members of St. Peter's Church and in politics Mr. Braun is a democrat. He is still giving all his energy and time to his work as general farmer, and besides the staple crops he grazes a number of high grade cattle and milks some cows. He is one of the leading men in the Grange organization of his part of Lorain County.

Hox. Sewirp Henry Wittrims. In none of the professions is the importance of comprehensive training more evident than in the domain of the law. A university education is a vital necessity if the devotee is ambitious to reach a plane beyond the practice of the small courts and the mediocre level of pettifogging. Prior to entering upon the practice of his chosen calling, Hon. Seward Henry Williams, of Lorain, prepared himself with patience and thoroughness, with the result that he was able to immediately take his place among the leaders of the bar, and since his entrance into professional life has not only gained a position of standing among the legists of Ohio, but has become a public figure of national reputation, being a representative from Ohio in the Sixtv-fourth United States Congress.

Congressman Williams was born at Amsterdam, New York, November 7. 1870. and is a son of John J. and Maria Louise ( Montonye) Williams. His father, a weaver by trade, enlisted in Company B. One Hundred and

Fifteenth Regiment, New York Volunteer Infantry, during the Civil war, and was captured by the forces of ''Stonewall'' Jackson, at Harper's Ferry, Virginia. On May 7, 1865, at Chesterfield Heights, Virginia, he was wounded, this being one of the many battles of the Wilderness, but recovered and finally received his honorable discharge at the close of hostilities. :

After attending the public schools of his native place, Seward H. Williams enrolled as a student at Amsterdam Academy, and when his course there was completed entered Williams College. This was followed by attendance at Princeton College, where he took the law preparatory course, the head of the law preparatory department of the institution at that time being Woodrow Wilson, now President of the United States. His regular law course was pursued at Washington and Lee University, at Lexington, Virginia, from which he was graduated in 1895, with the degree of Bachelor of Laws, and immediately came to Lorain, where he entered active practice. He has since continued in the enjoyment of a constantly-increasing business, which includes all branches of the profession. -Mr. Williams served four years as city solicitor of Lorain, as well as a member of the Lorain Board of Education, and was then sent to the Seventy-ninth Ohio Legislature, succeeding himself in the eightieth session of that body. While thus serving he was a member of the committee on Judiciary during both sessions, and took part in much active legislation. being the father of the so-called ''gun-toting'' bill, which made the carrying of concealed weapons a penitentiary offense. The quality of his public service brought him most favorably before the public and in 1914 he was made the candidate of the republican party for election of the national House of Representatives, from the Fourteenth Congressional District of Ohio. Elected in November, 1914, he took his seat in that body in 1915, and has worked most faithfully in the interests of his constituents. He was appointed to membership on the following committees: Election of President, Vice President, and Representatives in Congress and Railways and Canals. The congressman is connected fraternally with the Masons, in which he has attained to the thirty-second degree; the Knights of Pythias; the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and the Loyal Order of Moose, of which he is first dictator, and also holds membership in the Sons of Veterans. With his family, he belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church.

On September 29, 1897. Mr. Williams was united in marriage with Miss Jeannette Reynolds, of Lorain, daughter of John T. Reynolds. To this union there have been born a son and a daughter: Seward Reynolds and Margaret Louise.

JAMES H. SHELLEY. One of the most prominent millers in Ohio was the late James H. Shelley of Wellington, where for many years he owned and operated a mill. though the milling interests at present are in Shelby, Ohio.

He was born in Union County, Ohio, July 12, 1860, a son of John and Helen (Manion) Shelley. Both parents were natives of Ireland, where the father was born in 1822 and the mother in 1829, and the former died in 1887 and the latter in 1874. After their marriage the parents came to America and in 1861 settled in Union County, Ohio. John Shelley was also a miller, and finally moved out to the State of Washington, where he died. He was a member of the Catholic Church and was a republican voter until the election of R. B. Hayes, after which he was a stanch democrat. Of the four children, the oldest was John, who was born in Ireland and who died in 1904; James, of this review; Mrs. Helen Ramer, a widow, lives at Elyria; Mary is the wife of John Fern. a railway man living at Elyria.

James II. Shelley acquired his early education in the public schools of Amherst, Ohio, and when only a boy gained his practical experience in milling and has made it his lifelong pursuit. For seventeen vears he worked in a mill in New York City, and it was by careful economy and by learning the business in all its details that he was able to buy his first mill at Wellington, to which point he came in 1897. Here he owned and operated a mill with a capacity of 150 barrels until 1914, when he sold out. He then bought a 200-barrel flour mill at Shelby, Ohio, the noted Heath Mill, and with the assistance of some others of the family made this one of the best known mills for its products in Ohio. The flour manufactured at Shelby is shipped to all parts of the state.

In 1880 Mr. Shelley married Jane McKernan, who was born at Sandusky, Ohio, a daughter of Thomas McKernan, who was a native of Ireland and spent many years following the trade of plasterer in Sandusky. Mr. and Mrs. Shelley have four children. Nellie is the wife of G. A. Gott, a farmer in Wellington Township. Anna is the wife of F. W. Evans, who is associated in the flour milling business at Shelby with Mr. Shelley. Jennie, wife of Henry Brandt, who is also interested in the Shelby Mill. Olive is a reader and vocalist and makes her home in Wellington. The family are members of the Catholic Church. Mr. Shelley was a democrat, and at Wellington has served as a member of the town council and on the water board. Fraternally he was affiliated with the Elks of Elyria, Royal Arch Masons and also with the Knights of Pythias and Knights of the Maccabees. Though he started out a poor boy, he made a success of his career, and besides his various business interests he enjoyed the comforts of a fine brick home in Wellington. Mr. Shelley died May 22, 1916, and was buried in St. Joseph's Cemetery, Sandusky, Ohio.

LEon H. WapswortH. For more than eighty years the Wadsworth family has had its seat in Lorain County and members of three successive generations have wrought their influence and ability into the life and affairs of several communities. The late David L. Wadsworth is well remembered throughout the county for his prominence in local affairs and also in state politics. Leon H. Wadsworth has for many years been in business at Wellington and more recently at Elyria. He has also recently closed a successful administration of the postoffice at Wellington.

The late David L. Wadsworth was his father. David L. was born at Becket, Berkshire County, Massachusetts, June 1, 1825, the youngest and seventh son of Lawton and Naney R. Wadsworth. When David L. Wadsworth was eight years of age he accompanied the family on its emigration to the wilderness of Lorain County. A team of horses drew their wagon by the overland route, and on the 9th of May, twenty-four days after starting, they had completed their 600-mile journey to Wellington, Ohio. As a young boy, David thenceforward spent his youth in a typical frontier community. However, he acquired a good common school education, and for several terms attended Oberlin College. He was a man of versatile intellect, of great energy, and did well whatever he undertook. For seven years he taught in district schools. In 1840 he began the study of medicine, but that profession was not to his liking and he gave it up. In 1868 he turned his attention from other matters to the lumber business, purchasing a planing mill, and then became an extensive dealer and manufacturer cf lumber, shingles, lath and other materials. He also added a cheese and butter box factory. Later he established a lumber yard and planing mill at Greenwich, Ohio.

Suecessful in business, David L. Wadsworth was equally well known in politics. He was a loyal democrat, but during the war was what was known as a war democrat, and no citizen of any party surpassed him in loyalty and devotion to the Union. He called the first meeting at Wellington for raising volunteer troops. He lived in a republican district, and yet again and again he was paid political honor. April 1, 1878, Governor Bishop appointed him a trustee of the Cleveland Insane Asylum. Governor Hoadley appointed him a trustee of the Blind Asylum, and he served during that administration and also under Governor Foraker. In 1875 he was nominated by his party for the office of state treasurer, and was defeated by just two votes. He was also nominated for Congress, and succeeded in reducing the republican majority by more than 400. While not a church member, he was a thorough Christian and worked for the extension of church and moral influences of every kind. He also attained thirty-two degrees in Scottish Rite Masonry. David L. Wadsworth died at his home in Wellington, October 7, 1892, his death resulting from heart failure. Funeral services were preached by the pastor of the Congregational Church, and were also under the auspices of the Knight Templar Oriental Commandery at Cleveland, to which he had belonged for twenty years.

On October 22, 1850, David L. Wadsworth married Rosenia C. Wadsworth of Rochester, Lorain County, a daughter of Hiram and Caroline L. (Wells) Wadsworth. Mrs. Wadsworth was born in Bristol, New York, and came with her parents to Lorain County in 1832. She became the mother of three children: Kitty May, who was born May 20, 1856, and died April 6, 1858; George M., born September 25, 1861; and Leon H.

Leon H. Wadsworth, who for more than thirty-five years has been furnishing enterprise and enthusiasm to the business and public life of his section of Lorain County, was born at Rochester, Ohio, October 13. 1864. Reared in Wellington, he attended primary schools there, later became a student in the University of Michigan, and was graduated in law in 1882. However he did not take up the law as his regular profession and instead became associated with his father in the lumber business at Wellington. In 1885 he removed to Greenwich and established a lumber yard and planing mill and was active as a contractor and builder. At the death of his father in 1892 he returned to Wellington and managed the estate for one year. He then bought the lumber plant at Wellington and continued this line actively until 1907. He then established himself in the undertaking business at Wellington, and on April 15, 1918, extended his enterprise to Elyria where he now has headquarters and a complete equipment including automobile service.

Everything connected with the public welfare of his home town has always made a strong appeal to Mr. Wadsworth, and he has worked conscientiously to better and improve his home community. In 1903 he was appointed postmaster at Wellington and served continuously until March 1, 1916, when he was succeeded by the present incumbent of the office.

On October 14, 1885, Mr. Wadsworth married Mary E. Trinter, only daughter of Capt. William and Sophia Trinter of Vermillion, Ohio. Mrs. Wadsworth died February 4, 1914. There is one son, Luther W.. who took a course of embalming at Boston, graduating from the Dodge School in 1907, and has since supplied the professional and technical skill to the undertaking business conducted by him and his father. The son also served as assistant postmaster under his father and still continues under the present incumbent. Mr. Wadsworth is a Knight Templar and Scottish Rite Mason.

Mito CorRNELIvS KENDEIGH, widely known in Lorain County as a stock man and public spirited citizen, represents a family that hecame identified with this portion of the wilderness of Northern Ohio more than ninety years ago, and its various members have contributed their labors and the influence of their characters to the upbuilding of this country. By his enterprise combined with a long experience Mr. Kendeigh was successful in making the Kendeigh stock farm for many years a notable center for the raising of high grade horses and other stock. He is now practically retired from business, and owns only seventy-three acres of land. He is also president of the Lorain County Board of Education.

He is of German origin, and in the earlier generations back in Pennsylvania his family name was spelled Kentisch and Kintich. The Kendeigh family was established in Lorain County in the spring of 1824, when his grandparents, John and Nancy Kendeigh, moved to North Amherst. They were among the early settlers there, and finding the country a wilderness they left the impress of their activities in a well improved farm.

Samuel Kendeigh, father of Milo C., was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, July 17, 1823. As a young man he learned the trade of mechanic and carpenter, and was reared and educated in Lorain County. After his marriage he spent seven years in clearing and improving his farin in Henrietta Township, but then gave up farming for milling. conducting his mill at North Amherst eighteen months. The mill was then exchanged for a farm in Elyria Township on what is now Lake Avenue. A vear anda half later, having sold that property, he returned to North Amherst. and bought the old Peter Rice farm, which later becaine the property of the Cleveland Stone Company. After living there some years Samuel Kendeigh removed to the farm which his son Milo subsequently developed as the Kendeigh Stock Farm, a place of 120 acres in Amherst Township. He also owned more than 100 acres in Russia Township. Samuel Kendeigh was one of the highly honored citizens of Lorain County, and his death on February 15, 1905, concluded a life which for eighty years had been identified with this county. The maiden name of his wife was Jane Strickler, who was born in Fayette County. Pennsylvania, and who died December 24, 1900. There were six children in the family: Esther A., who died at South Amherst. the wife of Bruce Gibson; Charles D.; Milo C.; Jennie L., who married Rev. Marston S. Freeman, a Congregational minister; Lottie, who married H. G. Wilford: and Lula. a twin of her sister Lottie.

Born in Henrietta Township October 1, 1859, Milo Cornelius Kendeigh has utilized to the full the advantages and experiences that have come to him with increasing years. His home has always been in Lorain County except for a portion of the year 1883 when he was on a grain ranch at Fort Collins, Colorado. His education came from the common schools. a preparatory course at Oberlin College and a course in the Spencerian Business College at Cleveland. For a number of vears he managed his father's farm, and inherited sixty-two acres from his mother, subsequently buying the interests of the other heirs to the home estate. With that as a nucleus he developed a splendid farm in Amherst Township. comprising 101 acres, and also owned other lands in Russia Township. In later years he has reduced his holdings preparatory to retirement from business. Tis chief success came from the raising and handling of high grade stock. He did his first work in that line soon after returning from Colorado. buying a stallion and two mares of Percheron stock. While in business he imported many registered horses, and his stock farm became known to buyers throughout the country.

In his home township he has always exercised his influence for local improvements. and has served as a justice of the peace, twelve years as a member of the school board and two terms as a trustee. His interest in schools has heen especially prominent, and led to his eleetion to the present office he holds as president of the Lorain County Board of Education. Politically he is a democrat. Mr. Kendeigh is affiliated with

Stonington Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, with Plato Lodge No. 203, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of which his father was also a member, and with Hickory Tree Grange at Amherst.

September 25, 1901, he married Clara G. Gillman. She was born at Mineral Ridge in "Portage County, Ohio, a daughter of Charles and Mary (King) Gillman. Her father died at Mineral Ridge and her mother spent her last years in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Kendeigh. Mr.

THE THEW AUTOMATIC SHOVEL Compiny. The principal distinction of some cities is that the name at once suggests a product of world wide use manufactured there. A number of instances will occur to-anyone as familiar examples of this fact.

To the great world that regards such a city as Lorain as but a point on the map, the works by which the city is best known are undoubtedly the products of The Thew Automatic Shovel Company. In many widely sundered localities hundreds of thousands of people have seen and admired the excavating machinery of this type, and consciously or unconsciously have taken note of the name Thew linked with that of Lorain. In the work of mining in the gold fields of the far North the Thew Automatic Shovel is a favorite machine. In railroad construction, in street grading, in brickyards, coal mines, in almost every form of constract and construction work, the Thew Automatic Shovel reigns supreme. Among the thousands and thousands of men who follow the contracting business in America and different parts of the world, there is hardly one who is not acquainted with the efficiency of the Thew automatic shovel.

It is impossible to speak of this industry, which ranks second among the great concerns that have their home at Lorain, without paying a tribute to Richard Thew, who is vice president and general manager of the company, and whose brains and patient industry originated the first type of the Thew automatic shovel. His work of course was only the nucleus of the present mammoth concern. The company for years has employed expert engineers and skilled mechanics in the various departments, and this staff of experts also deserve credit, since it has been largely due to the co-operation of the heads of the various departments for the one and sole purpose of producing a machine of distinctive merit that The Thew Automatic Shovel Company represents what it does today. Mr. Thew, like most men of that class, began his industry many years ago at Lorain with very little capital, and has earned a high place both as an inventor and as an organizer.

It was in 1899 that The Thew Automatic Shovel Company was organized and started manufacturing operations on its present site at the western edge of the steel plant district in the City of Lorain. The product of the plant was then as it is now a steam shovel. The factory of that day covered about 15,000 square feet. In less than twenty years the home of the Thew shovel has increased in size as rapidly as its products have attained a world-wide distribution. The present plant covers many acres of ground, and is actually one of the cornerstones of Lorain County's industrial prosperity.

As the plant has developed so has its product. Though the original principles are still maintained in every steam shovel that is built, the design has been adapted for many varied purposes, and there is now a Thew shovel for practically every class of excavation. Most of the executive members of The Thew Company are practical engineers, and the results of test, experimentation and practical use have borne new fruit from year to year and the company is constantly striving to reach new standards of perfection.

Through long years of development and service this shovel has demonstrated its merit and adaptability to classes of work for which no ordinary steam shovel can be advantageously employed. The more typical operations in which the Thew shovel is employed are cellar excavation, shallow cutting for street paving, the cutting off of hills for road construction, widening and deepening railroad cuts, for stone quarry service, for the mining of anthracite coal by the stripping process, digging hydraulic ditches and for irrigation work, for working underground in mines and in tunnel construction, where the power is electricity or compressed air. In fact it would be difficult to enumerate every class of service to which the Thew automatic shovel has been put during the last twenty years. In size the shovels range from a fifteen ton machine, to be operated by one man and built for such typical work as brickyard and small excavation service, to the sixty-five ton digger-giant.

Unique features in design give the Thew shovel a place of prestige among machines of its type. Most important among these characteristics is what the Thew engineers call the ''full swing'' principle, by virtue of which a steam shovel of any type is enabled to describe with its boom and bucket a full circle. The shovel swings through a complete circle, delivering the excavated material at any desired point, either at the side or in the rear of the machine. The value of this feature is obvious. However, the feature most characteristic of the Thew machines is what is known as the ''horizontal dipper crowding motion,'' or the ''trolley motion."' By this device the dipper bucket is carried directly forward without changing the angle of the bucket face with the ground. The advantages of this feature can also be readily understood by persons who are not practical engineers. There is a minimum of lost motion and power in the Thew excavator. This feature is of special advantage in street excavation and grading, since the dipper cleans a floor absolutely to the grade upon which the shovel is being operated.

Thus it is that the shovels which are performing a large share of the excavation work in the western continent are literally a Lorain product. It is also true that The Thew Automatic Shovel Company represents brains, organizing efficiency, industry and experience of a group of men. Their combined efforts, carried on through many years. have been erystallized within the towering walls that today enclose the home of the Thew steam shovel. More than twenty-two vears ago Richard Thew turned his inventive genius to the creation of a steam shovel, designed for the handling of the ore and coal cargoes on the docks of lake ports. Thus the first Thew shovels were not excavation shovels at all, but were built primarily for unloading of cargoes. It is noteworthy that some of the modifications of standard shovels now in use include booms which make the Thew machine applicable for the work of clam shell buckets, there is another boom for use as a crane, there is a shovel with a sewer trench boom, especially adapted for the construction of trenches at considerable depth below the surface, and there are booms for handling of coke and for use in many other types of work.

The originator of these shovels was formerly a resident of Cleveland, and his first shovels were built in Cleveland shops. In recent years the machines turned out by the Lorain factory have been used almost over the entire civilized world. One of them was used in the building of the Panama Canal. They have been used for burrowing for gold upon the Arctic circle, they are helping to irrigate the deserts of New Mexico and other parts of the arid and semi-arid West, and they have heen used for uncovering the granite in New Hampshire, for the mining of anthracite and bituminous coal. for the building of great tunnels.

to the mammoth plant of The National Tube Company, the factory of the shovel company is the largest in the city. 'lhe buildings are located at the corner of East Twenty-eighth Street and Fulton Road and are admirably adapted to manufacturing purposes. They furnish a floor area of many. thousands of square feet, and approximately 500 men are employed the year around. 'The buildings are of brick built around a skeleton work of steel, and they present massive architectural outlines and represent in their facilities for lighting, heating and ventilation the best the engineering world has to offer in a factory building design. In the equipment of machinery the last word has been said in the matter of the Thew plant.

The officers of this Lorain County corporation are: F. A. Smythe, president; Capt. Richard Thew, vice president and general manager; and EK. M. Pierce, secretary and treasurer.

WituiaM JAEGER. The members of the Jaeger family have been identified with Lorain County for more than seventy years. Three generations have been represented here, and it is a representative of the third generation that Wilham Jaeger has an important place as a farmer and general business man in the vicinity of Birmingham in Henrietta Township.

He is a native of Brownhelm Township, where he was born June 12, 1870, a son of John and Catherine (Able) Jaeger. Both branches of the family came from Germany, the grandfather, Adam Jaeger, was a German school teacher, a man of unusual education for his time, and after coming to America he located on a farm in Lorain County in 1843 and lived there until his death, being both prosperous and influential. The maternal grandfather of William Jaeger died in Germany. John Jaeger, the father, was born in Germany in 1837 and died in January, 1905, His wife was born in 1833 and died in June, 1905. They were married in Lorain County, and their five children are: Adam, vardmaster at Collinwood near Cleveland; George, who lives at South Euclid, Cleveland, and has a little farm laid out in city lots and is rapidly becoming prosperous; William; Elizabeth, wife of G. G. Me- Jiraith, former chief of police of Collinwood; and Dora, wife of George P. Krapp, a butcher at Lorain. The parents were both members of the German Reformed Church and in polities the father was a democrat. He cleared up a large tract of land in Lorain County and was substantially fixed and prosperous in his later years. owning a farm of 188 acres on which he died.

William Jaeger had the usual environment of a country boy, attended the public schools at Brownhelm, and was reared and trained in farming pursuits. For thirteen vears he worked a farm on the shares, and in 1912 moved to Henrietta Township and bought the eighty acres comprising his well improved and valuable homestead.

On February 24, 1895, Mr. Jaeger married Mary Akerman. She was born in Erie County, Ohio, a daughter of Martin Akerman, one of the early settlers of that county. To their marriage have been born two daughters: Dorothy, wife of Lewis Kreig, a farmer in Henrietta Township; and Minnie, living at home.

Mr. Jaeger and family are members of the German Reformed Church and he is affiliated with the Knights and Ladies of Security. In politics he has always been loval to the democratic party, and in the fall of 1915 was elected trustee of Henrietta Township, an office to which he gives a full measure of his time and interest. His work is that of general farming. he also does some dairy business, and he has also developed a considerable enterprise in the sale of fertilizer, and during 1915 sold approximately &2.500 worth of that product.

kk. C. Hanin@ in his agricultural operations has adopted modern methods, and has acquired a full measure of returns from the labors he has expended upon his fine property near Wellington. While general farming has interested him principally, Mr. Haning has also done considerable stock raising, has given that branch considerable thought and study and is one of the thoroughly progressive men of Lorain County.

An Ohio man by birth, he was born in Meigs County, April 16, 1864, a son of Eli and Margaret (Spring) Haning. His paternal grandfather was Mathew Haning and his maternal grandfather Peter Spring. Eli Haning was born in the State of Ohio in 1801, about the time Ohio entered the Union and he thus represents one of the very oldest families in this section. For his first wife he married Abitha Gibson and had six children. His second wife, Miss Spring, was born in Guernsey County. Ohio, in 1823, and died in 1899. They were married in Meigs County, where Eli Haning had his home for many years. He died in 1875. His career was spent as a farmer and he acquired a large amount of land. He and his wife were members of the Methodist Church and in politics he was a republican after the organization of that party. He and his second wife had nine children and the five living are: Nancy Jane, widow of Ezekiel Martin; John Peter, a farmer in Meigs County; Lusetta, wife of Robert Dixon, a farmer at Vinton, Ohio; Howard, a Meigs County farmer; and E. C. Haning.

Myr. Haning grew up on a farm, gained a district school education in Meigs County, and started his career as an independent farmer in that county. Later he sold his property there, bought a farm in Brighton Township of Lorain County, and some vears later, in December, 1910, acquired his present estate. He has 125 acres in his farm, devotes it to general farming and dairy purposes, and he is regarded as one of the thoroughly substantial men of his community.

In 1893 he married Mary Evelyn Zimmerman, who was born in Morgan County, Ohio. They have two children. Elva is a teacher in Camden Township. The daughter, Irma, is still at home. Mr. and Mrs. Haning are active members of the Grange and in politics he is a republican.

CHARLES ALBRIGHT. A resident of Lorain County since his boyhood, Mr. Albright is a representative of a family whose name has been worthily linked with the history of this county for the past sixty-five years, and, like his honored father before him, he is a prominent and substantial exponent of agricultural industry in the county, and has a finely improved homestead farm in Russia Township.

Mr. Albright was born in Germany, on the 27th of August, 1844, and is a son of Frederick and Catherine Albright, who continued their residence in their native land until 1851, when they immigrated to the United States and established their permanent home in Lorain County, Ohio. Here the father reclaimed and improved a good farm and became one of the prosperous and highly esteemed citizens of this favored section of the Buckeye State, where both he and his wife continued their residence until the time of their death. Frederick Albright was a staunch supporter of the principles and policies of the democratic party but had no predilection for the honors or emoluments of public office, though he was ever ready to lend his co-operation in the furtherance of enterprises advanced for the general good of the community. Of the five children the subject of this review is the second in order of birth; Otto. the eldest of the number, is likewise one of the successful farmers of Lorain County; Frederick, Jr.. Harmon and Henry also represent

Lorain County. The parents were folk whose lives were guided and governed by the highest principles of integrity and both were earnest communicants of the Lutheran Church.

Reared to the sturdy discipline of the home farm, Charles Albright grew to maturity.in Lorain County, which has been his home since he was a lad of about seven years and in which he has achieved success worthy of the name. He profited duly by the advantages of the public schools of the locality and period and as a youth he served a practical apprenticeship to the trade of carpenter, to which he continued to devote his attention for a period of twelve years. He was a successful contractor and builder during a considerable part of this time and in this connection it is specially worthy of note that since his retirement from the active work of his trade he has shown his technical skill and architectural taste by the erection of his fine farm residence, which is one of the model rural homes of the county.

Upon abandoning his activities as a carpenter and builder Mr. Albright purchased his present farm, which comprises seventy acres, which he has brought to a high state of cultivation and upon which he has made his best of permanent improvements. His energy, progressiveness and good judgment have enabled him to win large and worthy success aS a representative of the basic industries of agriculture and stock-growing and he has shown a lively interest in all that has concerned the progress and prosperity of the county that has been his place of residence for so many years and in which he has secure place in popular confidence and good will.

Mr. Albright accords a staunch allegiance to the democratic party but has shown no desire to enter the arena of practical politics. He is affiliated with both the lodge and encampment organizations of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and both he and his wife hold membership in the Congregational Church.

In June, 1871, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Albright to Miss Catherine Schwartz, who was born and reared in Russia Township, this county, and who is a daughter of the late Jacob Schwartz, one of the honored pioneers of that township. Mr. and Mrs. Albright have three children: Jacob is one of the progressive farmers of Lorain County; Ruth, of Elyria, this county; and Clarence remains at the parental home, as his father's valued assistant in the work and management of the farm. Generous prosperity has attended the earnest labors of Mr. Albright and he is a citizen well worthy of representation in this history.

CuHamBeErS D. Reamer. The record of an old soldier and of a solid business man is one that deserves the fullest possible record in this publication. Chambers D. Reamer was with an Ohio regiment during the 'Civil war, and for a great many years has been prominent in business affairs at Oberlin and elsewhere.

He was born in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, May 10, 1848, 'son of Daniel and Mary (Krill) Reamer. His paternal grandfather was Daniel Reamer, a native of Germany who came to the United States when quite young and located first in Pennsylvania and afterwards moved to Ohio during the decade of the 30s, settling in Wayne County, where he was a farmer. Mrs. Daniel Reamer was born in Chester County, Pennsylvania, in 1803, and died in 1884. Daniel Reamer himself was born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, in 1798 and died in 1871. -They were*married in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and in 1849 the family moved to Ohio and located in Wayne County, where Daniel Reamer followed his occupation as a weaver and as a farmer. During the course of the war in which several of his sons were soldiers he moved to the vicinity of Oberlin in 1864, buying a small farm which he. occupied and which he cultivated until his death. He was a man of quiet, unassuming disposition, was well read and educated, but never sought the conspicuous positions. He was a democrat, and a member of the First Congregational Church. Of six sons in the family the only one now living is Chambers D. Jacob, born January 29, 1827, was killed at the battle of Chancellorsville May 2, 1863, having left a wife and four small daughters to enter the army; Samuel, born September 6, 1828, served four years in the Civil war and died at the Ohio Soldiers' Home in 19138; Daniel Paul, born March 10, 1833, and died January 14, 1900, was employed in taking care of the wounded in front of Petersburg during the war, afterwards for many years was one of Oberlin's leading marchants; John Frederick was born September 10, 1838, and died in 1899. He was a four months soldier in the war; George Washington, born December 12, 1840, went through the war as a member of the Cleveland-Grays and died from the effects of the campaign on September 10, 1864.

Chambers D. Reamer received his early education in the public schools of Wayne County and had spent one term in Oberlin College when he responded to the call of patriotism and on August 11, 1862, enlisted in Company I of the One Hundred and Second Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He served for three years, being in the army of the Cumberland, and taking part in all the leading campaigns and battles of that command of his own regiment. After the war Mr. Reamer spent another year in Oberlin College and then engaged in business with his brother, D. P. Reamer, in 1868, and the brothers were associated until 1871. He then continued in business with Mr. Eckert under the firm name of Reamer & Eckert until 1878. Having sold his interests at Oberlin, Mr. Reamer went on the road as traveling representative for the Art Metal Construction Company, and successfully promoted the business of that concern in various sections of the South, having his headquarters at Atlanta, Birmingham and Chattanooga. Altogether he was on the road for twenty-five years. In 1910 Mr. Reamer returned to Oberlin and has since employed his time in fire and life insurance and real estate business, and he promoted and developed the Reamer Addition to Oberlin.

On May 5, 1868, he married Miss Frances Cole, daughter of Stephen Cole, a well known and prominent citizen in this section of Lorain County. They have two children: Daniel Albert, who completed his education in Oberlin College, is now a young architect located at Cleveland; Robert is also an architect in Cleveland and has made a fine reputation for himself, having built some of the leading hotels in the National Park.

Mr. Reamer and wife are members of the First Congregational Church, fraternally 'he is identified with the Woodmen of the World and in politics is a republican.

Eu1aB Wicut Metcaur. Few families identified with Lorain County have contributed so many distinguished and useful workers in various fields to the world as the Metcalf family, still represented in the county by Irving W. Metcalf, prominent. business man and religious worker at Oberlin; W. V. Metcalf of Oberlin, who has made a national and international reputation by his able and important work as a student of chemistry; Maynard M. Metcalf, also of Oberlin, who has only a less extended reputation as a zoologist; Dr. Henry M. Metcalf of Elyria; and John M. P. Metcalf, who for a number of years has been president of Talladega College in Alabama. Another member of the same family

The family has been in America for nearly three centuries. Michael Metcalf, who headed the first American generation, was a manufacturer of tapestry at Norwich, England. He arrived in Dedham, Massachusetts, in 1637, having left England because of religious persecution, being a zealous nonconformist. He was one of the Yorkshire Metcalf family, whose name first appears in 1278 as Adam Called Medecalfe, and who was said to be the eighth in descent from the Dane Arkefrith who came to England with King Canute in 1016. Michael Metcalf's service in Dedham included in his later years teaching in the first public schoolhouse erected in this country. He married Sarah Elwyn, a daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth Elwyn of Hingham, Norfolk County, England. The second generation was represented by Michael Metcalf, third child of Michael and Sarah Metcalf. He married Mary Fairbanks, daughter of John Fairbanks, Sr., who built the ''Fairbanks House'' at Dedham. In the third generation is Eleazar Metcalf, the fifth child of Michael and Mary, who married Meletia Fisher. Michael Metcalf, of the fourth generation, second child of Eleazar and Meletia, married Abigail Colburn. Peletia H. Metcalf, of the fifth generation, was the oldest child of Michael and Abigail, and married Hepzibah, daughter of Rev. Samuel Mann, who was the first minister of Wrentham. Peletia Metcalf, of the sixth generation, and the second child of Peletia and Hepzibah, married Lydia Estey of Thompson, Connecticut.

Isaac Metcalf, of the seventh generation, and the sixth child of Peletia and Lydia, was born at Royalston, Massachusetts, where he was a very successful teacher, both there and in adjacent towns, and later in Boston. Isaac Metcalf married for his first wife Lucy Heywood, daughter of Silas and Hannah (Goddard) Heywood. For his second wife he married Anna Mayo (Stevens) Rich, widow of Charles Rich of Warwick, Massachusetts, and a daughter of Wilder Stevens of Warwick and Elizabeth Mayo of Roxbury. Charles Wilder Rich, who lived on Sixteenth Street in Elyria, was the oldest child of Charles and Anna Mayo (Stevens) Rich, and was the father of George Rich, still living on the home place in Lorain County. Charles W. Rich married Albina S. Kittridge of Milo, Maine, and they moved to Elyria in 1865. The youngest child of Charles and Anna Mayo Rich was Anna Elizabeth Rich, who was born at Warwick, Massachusetts, was a teacher, first in a private school in Boston and then for twelve years in Bangor, Maine, was later assistant principal at Westfield Academy at Westfield, New York, and in charge of a young ladies seminary in Racine, Wisconsin.

Anna Mayo Stevens Rich was one of the pupils of Isaac Metcalf in Warwick, Massachusetts, while a girl, and after her second husband's death she lived among her children in Elyria, where she died in 1866. Isaac and Anna Stevens Metcalf had four children, one of whom, the oldest, was Isaac Stevens Metcalf, who resided in Elyria, and was the father of Gen. W. S. Metealf of Lawrence, Kansas, above referred to, and of Dr. Henry Martin Metcalf, also of Elyria, and father of John M. P. Metcalf, the educator above mentioned.

The fourth child of Isaac and Anna Stevens Metcalf was Eliab Wight Metcalf, whose name stands at the head of this article and who was thus in the eighth successive generation of the American branch of the family. From 1851 to 1865 E. W. Metcalf was in the lumber, ship chandlery and ship building business in Bangor, Maine. Though unable to join the army because of physical disability, he spent most of the time during the war with the army as confidential agent of President Lincoln and in the Christian Commission service. After the war he removed with his family to Elyria, which was already the home of his brother Charles W. Rich and Isaac Stevens Metealf and of his sister Anna Rich DeWitt. After coming to Lorain County he dealt in timber' land, chiefly in Pennsylvania, Michigan and Wisconsin. Having lost a vessel burned by the English-built cruiser Shenandoah, he spent twelve winters in Washington urging that the forty-nine marine insurance companies who claimed many millions of the Geneva award, were entitled to nothing unless they could show actual loss above war premiums received. Congress finally adopted this view and the vessel owners were paid from the Geneva award all the actual losses caused by all the Confederate cruisers for which the losers had received no indemnity and also about a third of the proved losses by the payment of war insurance premiums. Having won this long fight Mr. Metealf served as attorney before the court of claims collecting claims for many others as well as himself. In his twelve years' fight against the insurance companies he received practically no financial or other assistance. He was fighting for a principle, and a vigorous stand for justice and truth seems to have been a prevailing and dominating trait of character in the Metcalf family. He later had important lawsuits before the Supreme courts of Wisconsin and the United States, involving new principles of law which were carried to successful issues. He was from young manhood much interested in temperance legislation, first in Maine, later in Ohio. He aided in organizing the Anti-Saloon League and wrote the local option bill which has been the basis of the local option legislation in many states. From 1880 until his death in 1899 he was a trustee of Oberlin College. Throughout his life he was, with his wife, active in church work, local missionary work and philanthropy. From its organization he was a inember of the republican party, always avoiding office himself, but infiuential in its councils in early days in Bangor and later in Elyria effective in overthrowing local bosses. Among his friends were many of the most prominent figures in our national life.

E. W. Metcalf married Eliza Maria Ely, daughter of Rev. William and Harriet (Whiting) Ely, and descended from a long line of ministers and physicians, most of whom were graduates of Yale University. Her parents lived at Easthampton, Massachusetts. Before her marriage Mrs. Metealf was ''lady principal of Williston Seminary.'' KE. W. Metealf and wife were, during their residence in Bangor, members of the Central Avenue Congregational Church, and afterwards of the First Congregational Church of Elyria. They became the parents of five children, Irving W., Lucy H., Edith Ely, Wilmot V. and Maynard M.

Irving W. Metcalf, the oldest child, was born at Bangor. Maine, November 27, 1855, grew up in Lorain County, graduated A. B. from Oberlin College in 1878, subsequently pursuing his studies in the Andover Theological Seminary during 1879-80, and in 1881 graduated with the Divinity degree from Oberlin Theological Seminary. He was ordained for the Congregational ministry in 1882, served as pastor of a ehurech in Columbus from 1881 to 1889, of Hough Avenue Church in Cleveland 1889 to 1894, as associate pastor of Pilgrim Church in Cleveland from 1894 to 1897, and though still continuing an influential connection with church affairs has since been in business. He was located at Lawrence, Kansas, from 1897 to 1899, and from that date in Elyria until 1892 and since then at Oberlin. He is president of the Duane Building Company, secretary of the Middleburg Stone Company, a director of the Elyria Savings and Banking Company, director of the Winton Motor Carriage Company of Cleveland. president of the S. Mills Ely Company of Binghamton, New York, From 1892 to 1897 he served as secretary of the Congregational City Missionary Society of Cleveland and of the Ohio Congregational Board of Ministerial Relief. He was moderator of the Congregational Association of Ohio in 1902, and since 1898 has been chairman of the church property committee of the National Council of Congregational churches. He is a trustee of Oberlin College, a trustee of the Ohio Anti-Saloon League, a trustee of Thessalonica Agricultural and Industrial Institute at Salonica, Turkey, and a trustee of the Oberlin Missionary Home Association. He is secretary of the Living Endow ee en of Oberlin College and a corporate member of the A. B. C. He is well known in Cleveland where he is a member of the aie of Commerce. He belongs to the National Municipal League, the Religious Educational Association, the National Geographic Society, and is a member of Phi Beta Kappa. He married May 20, 1885, Flora Belle Mussey of Elyria. Tapia Ay

Lucy Heyw ood Metealf, the second child, married Rev. Augustus G. Upton, who was a teacher in Oberlin College, then a Congregational pastor and later president of Weiser Academy in Idaho, but is now deceased.

Edith Ely Metealf was a student of art for some years at Boston, London and Paris, and is now living in Chicago, where she has built a home including rooms for a free kindergarten and has done much service among the poor of that city.

Wilmot V. Metcalf, who graduated A. B. and M. A. from Oberlin College and Ph. D. from Johns Hopkins University, afterwards continuing his studies in physical chemistry in Wuerzburg, Bavaria. and in Leipsic, served as professor of chemistry in Carleton College in Minnesota, professor of physies at Fisk University in Tennessee, and is now engaged in private study of chemistry at his home in Oberlin. November 4, 1889, he married Caroline G. Soule of Taunton, Massachusetts, who for a time was a teacher of Greek in Wellesley and also a teacher in the American missionary schools in the South.

Maynard M. Metcalf, the youngest of the children, was born at Elyria, March 12, 1868, craduated A. B. from Oberlin College in 1889, and received his Doctor of Philosophy degree at Johns Hopkins University in 1893. He also has the honorary degree D. Se. from Oberlin. From 1893 to 1906 he was associate professor and professor of biology in the Woman's College of Baltimore, was for several years professor of biology in Oberlin College, but is now engaged in the private study of zoology at his home in Oberlin. He is a trustee of the Marine Biologieal Laboratory at Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, a member of the American Society of Zoologists, of the American Society of Naturalists, the Biological Society of Washington, the Ohio Academy of Science, the National Geogr aphic Society, the National Municipal League, the National Council of the National Economic League, the American. Economie ASSociation, the Western Economic Association, and also belongs to the Authors Club of London. He has contributed scientific articles to both American and German publications and is author of ''An Outline of the Theory of Organic Evolution.'' September 10, 1890, he married Ella M. Wilder of Elgin, Illinois.

Epcar Frankiiy Rosecrans. For fully forty years Mr. Rosecrans has been one of the progressive and enterprising business men of Lorain County. He has been known as a butcher and retail meat dealer, as a successful farmer, a buyer and dealer in livestock, and his friends assert that he makes a success of every undertaking.

He was born in St. Lawrence County, New York, April 3, 1853, a son of Franklin and Frances (Hines) Rosecrans. Both parents were natives of St. Lawrence County where the father was born in 1816 and the mother in 1821. They were married in New York State and came to Lorain County in 1865, locating in Russia Township, where the father died in 1882 and the mother in 1891. Franklin Rosecrans bought 100 acres in Russia Township, and by much hard work cleared up and improved this place and was very successful. He had brought with him to Ohio a capital of about $4,000 and by good judgment as a farmer steadily prospered until his estate represented a much higher value at the time of his death. He was a republican in politics, active in public affairs, and his wife was an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Of their fourteen children nine are still living, and Edgar F. was fifth in order of birth. The maternal grandfather Hines, who spent his life in New York State, was an old time school teacher, and was proficient not only in the arts of instruction in the fundamentals but was also a noted writing or penmanship teacher in the early days.

Edgar Franklin Rosecrans was about twelve years of age when his parents came to Lorain County, and finished his education here in the district schools and also the schools in Oberlin. From early boyhood he showed special inclination for the handling of live stock, and he soon began buying and also became an expert butcher.

On December 7, 1876, he married Miss Ida M. Beam, a daughter of Peter Beam. Mrs. Rosecrans was born in Lorain County, and is the mother of seven children: Louise, wife of Lewis Morris, a butcher at Oberlin: Jesse, who is in the butcher business at Oberlin; Jennie, wife of Jesse Harris of Toledo; Arthur, who is a very prosperous stockman in the State of Idaho; Elmer, also in the stock business at Idaho; Gertrude, who lives with her brothers in Idaho; Ralph, who is employed as feeder of lambs for his brother in Idaho, and often has had the superintendence of as high as 2,200 lambs in a single season.

Mr. Rosecrans and family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a Maccabee and in politics is a republican. A short time before his marriage he bought a farm in Russia Township, but later traded that for a 200-acre place in Carlisle Township, which was his home for five years. Selling out, he returned to the vicinity of Oberlin, and has since enjoyed one of the finest country homes in Lorain County, situated about a mile south of the college center. In 1910 he put up his heautiful two-story house, and he also has a number of substantial farm buildings. His farm there comprises about ninety-six acres. For many vears he operated a slaughter house on his farm and for twenty years he sold meat over the country from wagons, after which he established a meat market in Oberlin and continued the business actively for a number of years. He now gives most of his time to buying and selling stock and is one of the largest stock dealers in this section of Ohio. Among other property he owns seven good lots in Elyria and one in the City of Lorain.

'\pr. Ricnirp THew. At the age of sixty-eight years, with the vigorous step and active mind of a man of fifty, Capt. Richard Thew still attends to the duties of his large interests, and keeps himself abreast in knowledge and sympathy of the new generation. One of the best knéwn figures in shipping circles of Lake Erie, he is prominent also among the manufacturers of Ohio, and at Lorain has been active in the development of several industries that have been material contributors to the business prestige of this thriving and prosperous city.

Captain Thew was born in Marion County, Ohio, October 27, 1847, and is a son of William P. and Susan (Davis) Thew, natives of Lincolnshire, England, who in Ohio were engaged in agricultural pursuits.

Richard Thew was educated in the public schools and until reaching his twenty-sixth year was engaged in assisting his father in the work of the homestead place. He has always possessed a predilection. for mechanics and much natural ability in that direction, and when he left the home farm secured a position with a manufacturing company at Ashland, where he remained one year. He next purchased an interest in a hardware and machinery business at Caledonia, Ohio, which he conducted for fourteen years, and then began building steamers on Lake Erie, including his own vessel, the freight steamer William P. Thew, an iron ore boat operating out of Lorain. It was while he was the owner of this vessel that he began the development of the harvesting and binding machinery, and in 1899 he came from Cleveland and established his plant at Lorain, this business including the mannfacture of various kinds of machinery for large companies. In 1898 Mr. Thew became the organizer of the Thew Automatic Shovel Company, of which he has since been vice president and manager, and erected a plant 75 by 200 feet. There, in the first year, the company employed fifty men and built twelve shovels, but to give an idea of the growth of the business, in 1915 the concern employed 400 men, mostly skilled labor, and manufactures 250 shovels. The present plant is 75 by 800 feet, while the new pressed brick office building is 45 by 65 feet, and two stories in height. Mr. Thew was the organizer also of the Lorain Casting Company, of which he is vice president and manager, and is well known in banking circles of Lorain as president of the Lorain Banking Company. He has always taken a keen interest in development work, both in Ohio and California, in which latter state half of his time is passed. In 1901 Mr. Thew went to Alaska, where, with others, he became interested in mining ventures, and in the Nome district developed several good and valuable properties. He is president of the board of trustees of the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Lorain.

On October 14, 1873, Mr. Thew was married to Miss Sarah Priscilla Lawrence, of Marion County, Ohio, daughter of Rev. Richard Lawrence, a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church. To this union there have been born three daughters: Susan Priscilla, who resides with her parents; Carol Belle, who is the wife of James R. Fauver, of Exeter, California, manager of various California properties and owner of several erange groves; and Edna Lawrence, who died at the age of twenty-four years.

GEORGE FREDERICK WriGHT, A. M., D. D., LL. D., F. G. S. A.. the son of Walter and Mary Peabody Colburn Wright, was born January 22, 1838, in Whitehall, Washington County, New York. His boyhood was spent on a farm near the head of Lake Champlain, amid scenes replete with reminiscences of the struggle between the French and English to take possession of Lake George and with those of Burgoyne's campaign. His preparation for college was made at the seminary at Castleton, Vermont. While but sixteen years old he taught his first district school in Hampton, New York, near the residence of the celebrated William Miller, who created such a sensation throughout the country by prophesying the end of the world in 1848 to 1848.

In the fall of 1855, Mr. Wright entered the freshman class at Oberlin College, where he received the degree of A. B. in 1859. During his college course he taught winter district schools in Franklin, Madison, Fayette, and Belmont counties, thus early becoming familiar with the varied interests of Ohio. Immediately after graduating from college he entered the theological seminary at Oberlin, in the class that graduated in 1862. But on the outbreak of the war in 1861 he enlisted in

Company C of the Seventh Ohio Volunteers. Early in the service a severe attack of pneumonia left him in such physical debility that he was discharged at the end of five months. On completing his theological course in 1862 he was married, August 28th, to Huldah Maria Day, daughter of Judge William Day of Sheffield, Lorain County, thus cementing still further his interest in the State of Ohio.

For the next nine years and a half, or until June, 1872, he was pastor of the Congregational Church in Bakersfield, Vermont, a township in the northwest corner of the state at the foot of the Green Mountains, and not far from the Canada line. Here in addition to his pastoral duties he pursued a comprehensive course of private study, reading his Bible through in Hebrew and in Greek, translating from the German Kant's ''Critique of the Pure Reason,'' and from the Greek large portions of Plato's ''Dialogues.'' Meanwhile, he was taking an active part in the agricultural interests of his parish and spending his spare time in studying the geology of the Champlain and the St. Lawrence valleys, giving the results of his studies in the local newspapers and at the same time attracting the attention of geologists outside the state. Before leaving Bakersfield he published his first important article in periodical literature, in the New Englander, the organ of Yale College. This was upon ''The Ground of Confidence in Inductive Reasoning."' This attracted wide attention, being highly commended in leading Scotch periodicals.

In June, 1872, he accepted a call to one of the Congregational churches in Andover, Massachusetts, where he at once came into intimate relations with the professors of Andover Theological Seminary, which was then in the height of its career. By the invitation of Prof. Edwards A. Park he began a series of contributions to the Bibliotheca Sacra, the oldest and one of the most learned of the theological quarterlies in America, establishing a connection with this quarterly which has continued to the present time. Meanwhile, a scientific problem of great interest and importance connected with the Glacial Period was awaiting solution within a short distance of his parsonage. This was a series of gravel deposits. known as Indian Ridge. which had been described by President Hitchcock in a paper before the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1842 and later in his popular text-book on geology. These ridges he considered to be of marine origin, and this explanation was accepted until the appearance of Mr. Wright's explanation in 1875, when in a paper before the Essex Institute in Salem, Massachusetts, he pronounced them of glacial origin, marking lines of drainage in the closing stages of the period when stagnant ice continued to determine its course. This explanation was at once accepted and applied to deposits known in Europe as ''kames"' or ''eskers.'' In 1876 a detailed statement of the facts leading to this explanation was made in a paper published by the Boston Society of Natural History entitled, 'Some Remarkable Gravel Ridges in the Merrimac Valley ;'' and which at the same time announced a discovery, just made and communicated to Mr. Wright by Clarence King, of the great terminal moraine which borders southern New England. A year or two later a full report of these investigations was incorporated in the third volume of the New Hampshire Geological Survey.

In the summer of 1880 Mr. Wright was invited by Professor Lesley, the head of the Pennsylvania Geological Survey, to trace this moraine across that state. This he did in company with Mr. H. Carvill Lewis. The results of this survey were published as volume Z of the Pennsylvania report. Meanwhile, in 1880, Warren F. Draper, of Andover, published for Mr. Wright ''The Logie of Christian Evidences,'' which has had extensive use as a text-book, six editions having been called for, amounting to several thousand copies. At the same time a collection of his essays was made and published two years later entitled, ''Studies in Science and Religion.'' His statement in this of the Darwinian theory was pronounced by. Darwin to be ''most clear and powerful,'' while Profs. Asa Gray and J. D. Dana were constantly conferring with him in his attempts to adjust the relations between science and revelation. During the latter years of his residence in Andover he was a trustee of the Boston Society of Natural History, and in intimate relations with the eminent scientific men composing that society.

In 1881 Mr. Wright was called to the chair of New Testament Language and Literature in Oberlin Seminary. As this position afforded him three or four months' vacation in the summer, he was able to employ that leisure in exploring the glacial boundary west of Pennsylvania. This he did under the auspices of the Western Reserve Historical Society of Cleveland, whose president was Col. Charles C. Whittlesey, and its secretary Judge C. C. Baldwin. Through the efforts of Judge Baldwin and of his' brother, D. C. Baldwin - both of Elyria - funds were raised to pay the expenses of this survey through the following three years, at which time it was carried to the Mississippi River. Thus the glacial boundary between the Delaware and Mississippi rivers, which appears on all geological maps, is the result of Mr. Wright's field work.

His first report was published by the Western Reserve Historical Society as Tract Number 60, entitled, ''The Glacial Boundary in Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky.'' Subsequently the United States Geological Survey employed him to complete various details of the survey and published his report in Bulletin Number 58, entitled, '' The Glacial Boundary in Western Pennsylvania, Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, and _ Illinois."' Meanwhile, besides publishing two volumes in the direct line of his professorship, namely, ''The Relation of Death to Probation,'' in 1882, and ''The Divine Authority of the Bible,'' in 1884, Mr. Wright led an expedition to Alaska in 1886, where he spent a month in camping beside the great Muir Glacier, and brought back with him the first detailed report upon any of the Alaskan glaciers. Here the United States authorities have attached his name to both a mountain and a glacier. The facts were so remarkable that his report secured for him an invitation to give a course of Lowell Institute lectures in Boston in 1887. Later, after having been given in Baltimore and other cities, these were expanded into a volume of 800 pages, entitled, ''The Ice Age in North America and Its Bearing upon the Antiquity of Man,'' published by the Appletons in 1889 and the fifth edition by Bibliotheca Sacra Company in 1911. In 1891 Houghton, Mifflin and Company published for him the life of ''Charles Grandison Finney.'' In 1892 there appeared in the International Scientific Series his ''Man and the Glacial Period,'' which has passed through several editions.

Meanwhile, Mr. Wright spent one summer in the Rocky Mountains, and another in Europe, where he was warmly welcomed hy the geologists both of England and of the Continent. In 1894 Mr. Wright and his son, Frederick B.. accompanied Frederick A. Cook in his ill-fated expedition to Greenland, where they were wrecked at Sukkertoppen, near the Arctic Circle. However, excellent opportunity was afforded to survey a portion of the great Greenland icefields that came down to Ikamiut Fiord, where the Danish survey has subsequently honored him hy attaching his name to one of the most prominent nunataks in that region. The results of this expedition were recorded in ''Greenland Icefields and Life in the North Atlantic; with a new Discussion of the Causes of the Ice Age,'' D. Appleton and Company, 1896. In 1892 Mr. Wright was invited to give another course of Lowell Institute lectures in Boston on the *'Origin and Antiquity of Man,'' which twenty years later, in 1912, were expanded and rewritten and published in an illustrated volume of 600 pages by Bibliotheca Sacra Company. Again in 1896 another course of Lowell Institute lectures was given on ''Scientific Aspects of Christian Evidences,'' elaborated into a volume and published the following year by D. Appleton and Company. Meanwhile, in 1892, he had been transferred to a special professorship of the Harmony of Science and Revelation.

In 1900 Mr. Wright and his son, Frederick B., crossed the continent of Asia for the purpose of investigating the glacial phenomena supposed to exist in that region. On the way, six weeks were spent in giving scientific lectures in the principal centers of Japan, in recognition of which he was made one of the three foreign members of the Japanese Imperial Education Society. Crossing over to China they organized an expedition during the month of May which went from Peking to Kalgan and from Kalgan into the eastern portions of Mongolia, demonstrating the absence of glacial phenomena in that region. Returning to Peking they left the city on the last train before the breaking out of the Boxer Revolution. Crossing over to Port Arthur they were forwarded by Admiral Alexieff on a construction train which took them as far as Teling, a short distance beyond Mukden. From there they were forwarded 200 miles in Chinese carts, being entertained from time to time by the engineers who were constructing the railroad, and being guided and guarded from one sectibn to another by Cossack soldiers, to the other terminus of the road, 100 miles south of Harbin. Thence, after going down the Sungari River to Khabarovsk and by rail to Vladivostok and back again, in July they started up the Amur River, all in ignorance of the progress of the revolution in China. At Vladivostok they paid $8 to send home by cable two words announcing their safety. But at Blagovestchensk they were detained a week during the bombardment of the city by the Chinese army which was investing it. Escaping from the city, they boarded, twenty miles above, a steamer which had heen used to bring down Russian troops and was to return empty, and after two weeks reached the Siberian Railroad at Stretensk. Following this road 2,000 miles with pauses and short detours on the way, they left it at Omsk, and having ascended the Irtish River by steamer 200 miles, they bought a tarantass and drove 1,400 miles along the border of the Tianshan Mountains to Tashkend, in Turkestan. Thence by the Transcaspian Railroad. with various pauses along the way (the longest of which was at Samarkand), they crossed the Caspian Sea, reaching the western shore at Baku, the great oil center of Russia. Thence, going through the Transcaucasus region, and pausing a while at Tiflis, they passed on to Batum on the Black Sea and thence to Trebizond, where they made a most important and significant discovery of a recently abandoned shore line 750 feet above the present level of the sea - indicating a recent elevation of the land to that extent. Returning to Tiflis, and crossing over the Caucasus Mountains by the celebrated Dariel Pass, they went on northward to Moscow and St. Petersburgh and thence to Odessa, taking, on the way, Kiev, where remarkable remains of glacial man had been discovered. The remainder of their trip took in Constantinople, Beirut, a horseback journey of ten days from Damascus to Jerusalem, an excursion to the southern end of the Dead Sea, a trip up the Nile to Assouan. a visit to Naples, Palermo, Rome, Florence, Paris and Eneland. After fourteen months they reached home, having traveled, without accident, by every possible mode of conveyance, a distance of 44.000 miles. The results of this expedition appeared in papers pub- lished in the Journal of the London Geological Society, in the bulletins of the Geological Society of America, in McClure's Magazine, in the Review of Reviews, and in a series of articles in the New York Nation; and all is summed up in two highly illustrated volumes on "* Asiatic Russia,'' published by McClure, Phillips & Company in 1902.

His first wife having died in 1899, Mr. Wright was married a second time, in 1904, to Miss Florence Eleanor Bedford of Springboro, Warren County, Ohio, and with her has made two visits to Europe. During the first they visited England, Denmark and Sweden; spent six weeks in Russia, visiting there St. Petersburgh, Moscow, Rostoff on the Don and the Crimea; and thence went to Constantinople, Smyrna and Beirut, from which an expedition was made also to the terminal moraine on which the cedars of Lebanon are growing, and a visit was made to Baalbek and Damascus. In returning home, Egypt, Italy and Northern France were visited. In the second visit, Holland, Belgium and Northern France were visited preliminary to a six months' stay in Southern England, where glacial studies were continued.

In 1904 Mr. Wright was invited to give the Stone lectures at Princeton on ''Seientifie Confirmations of Old Testament History."' the substance of which appeared in a volume under that title published by Bibhotheea Sacra Company in 1906 and the third edition in 1913. This has been translated into Dutch, Swedish and German, and an edition has been sold in England.

The latest literary works of Professor Wright have been a small volume entitled, ''See Ohio First,'' and the editing of the present history of Lorain County. Meanwhile he has been for twenty-five vears a member, and for the last six vears president. of the Ohio State Archeological and Historical Society, whose museums at Columbus and Fremont are among the most interesting and creditable institutions of the state, and indeed of the whole country. During the last thirty-two years, also, he has been the editor ot Bibliotheca Sacra. the oldest theological quarterly of the country, now in its seventy-third vear, and for twelve years associated with his son in Washington as editor of Records of the Past. In conducting Bibliotheca Sacra he is supported by the ablest and most advanced scholars in Germany. Holland. Sweden, Great Britain. and the United States, in the defense of the historical truth of the Bible. For eight vears he has heen relieved from professional duties in college, receiving a Carnegie pension." He is in vigorous health, and hopes to accomplish much more in the completion of the literary work for which his experience has prepared him.

He had four children by his first wife, all of whom are living - Marvy Augusta (Berle) now in Cambridge. Massachusetts: Frederick Bennett in Washington, D. C.; Etta Maria. helping him at home: and Tlelen Marcia, engaged in settlement work.

In 1887 Mr. Wright was made Doctor of Laws (LL. D.) by Drury College, and Doctor of Divinity (D. D.) by Brown University. He is one of the charter members of the Geological Society of America (F. G.