Sandusky Township (part 3 of 57)

Having mentioned that all hopes were given up of ever finding him by reason as was supposed that the high freshet had carried him down the river into the lake, it was otherwise ordered, for on the 21st of April, 1824, a son of Mr. Isaac Pryor, named Jesse Pryor, a young man, on passing along the river bank a little more than half a mile below the ford where it was supposed he crossed and attempted to recross, discovered something in tthe river not far from the shore, but from seeing him naked he supposed it to be some beast that had been' skinned and thrown into the river, and so passed on his way without any impression on his mind that it was our departed friend. However he floated down the same evening, and was carried over the breast of the mill dam opposite Mr. Moore's house, and was discovered between the breast of the mill dam and the spill of water that falls over the dam. This discovery was made late in the evening, but as there was no water craft at hand about dusk, we were obliged to leave him there, and I returned home but not without the deepest regret that we could not effect our purpose in getting him out of the water that night, which was completely out of our power without the assistance of a water craft as I before observed. On the morning of the 22d a number of us collected at Mr. Moore's mill dam, the place where we had left him the evening before, but to ing the night he had left the breast of the dam and had floated down to the old mill dam, a little way above the town of Sandusky, and there stopped, where we found him. As soon as he was found Mr. Isaac Pryor, Jr., said that it was the same amazement to find the body of our friend and neighbor stripped naked and divested of a great coat, a straight coat that fitted on his arms and body, while living, very tight; a vest, a linen shirt and a flannel one that he wore next to his body, each well buttoned at the sleeves on his. wrist and at the collar; the bridge of his nose broken in, one of his eyes bruised out, his right jaw bone broken opposite to the bridge of his nose, as if done by the stroke of a club at one blow, his fore teeth and his lips and mouth bruised as if done at another blow, and the blood settled in all the above places as if he had received the wounds before he was thrown into the river; the throat appeared as if he had been chdked. But God knows best how he came to his end. The coroner was called who summoned a jury and then subpoenaed a number of the neighbors with several of Wm. Chard's family, as some mistrust and suspicions were afloat that some of William Chard's family had . committed murder or were the cause of his death. But no proof could be had against them. The jury not being satisfied gave in their verdict that he had come to his death by accident. We buried him or had him decently interréd in the grave yard at Lower Sandusky on the evening of the 22d of April, 1824. Now the truth is, there are none of the friends of Mr. Sherrard but are of the opinion that he came to his end by unfair means, and I myself, am in fuil belief of it.

The funeral sermon was preached in the school house at Lower Sandusky on Sabbath, the 2d of May, 1824, by the Rev. Mr. Smith, of New York, and an appropriate exhortation was afterwards delivered by the Rev. Mr. Montgomery, of Seneca.

Interesting sketches of pioneer life in Sandusky County were related by J. P. Moore, Jacob Bowlus, Orlin Selvey and D. C. Sherrard. The Arion Glee Club sang "Auld Lang Syne" and the meeting adjourned.

Owing to Mr. Burgoon's absence the Secretary's report was not read. It contained, however, the sketches of the lives of forty-six pioneers of this county who died during the past year. The combined ages of the forty-six deceased pioneers was 3171 years; average age sixty-nine years.

in the City of Fremont, on the second day of August 1881, at 10 o'clock A. M., for the election of officers and the transaction of other business. Homer Everett, President. I. H. Burgoon, Secretary.

Pursuant to notice the Pioneer Association met at Birchard Library on Tuesday, August 2nd., 1881, at 10 "A. M. for the election of officers, &c. The meeting was called to order by minutes of the last annual meeting, and of the preliminary meeting of August 2nd, '80, were read and approved. It was voted that at each annual meeting, the President be requested to present before the society such biographical sketches as he may be able to procure of members who have deceased during the year preceding.

It was voted that the surviving members of the school of John W. Case, taught here about 1829 be invited to incorporate a reunion of their Association with the exercises of this society at its annual meeting this year.

It was voted that the annual meeting and picnic of the society be held on Tuesday, September 6th, 1881, at the Court House and Court House Park.

The annual reunion and picnic of the Sandusky County Pioneer and Historical society was held at the Court House in this city on Tuesday, September 6th. Ex-President General R. B. Hayes presided owing to

It will perhaps be interesting to those present to know that the President passed a fairly good night last night, and that this morning between five and six o'clock he was taken from the White House to the Baltimore and Potomac depot, placed upon a car of the Pennsylvania railroad company and is on his way to Long Branch. I am sure that we are all disposed to be glad that this is so. The month of September in the White House is a very unsafe one even for a healthy person. It seems to me that this removal is wise. It is about the crisis of his case, but I have no apprehension that the danger will be increased. Rev. H. Bushnell then offered an eloquent prayer in response to the call of Governor Foster, after which Mr. Hayes continued.

Before returning to the business of the Pioneer Association, I desire to offer a resolution. Perhaps among the affecting instances of the President's sufferings nothing has touched the hearts of the people more than the instance relating to his pioneer mother. It is said that during all this time of anxiety and suffering on her part, she has continued in her usual avocation except during the three days when it was believed that her son was in danger of immediate death, and those days she would stand at her door anxiously looking for tidings from her son. I offer this resolution:

RESOLVED, By the pioneers of Sandusky County at the annual social reunion, in common with all good citizens we deplore and condemn the awful crime which has endangered the life of our beloved President and deeply sympathize with him and his family. We send special greetings to his aged mother, one of the pioneer settlers of Ohio, and unite with her in the hope and prayer that the precious life of her

President son may be spared and that with returning health and strength he may continue to discharge the responsible duties of his high life.

SECRETARY'S REPORT. Owing to the length of the obituary notices I deem it best to omit a full rehearsal of them and merely give a summary. There is no doubt that some names have been omitted which should be included in the list as recorded, but it is as full as your secretary could obtain. If the friends and members of this society would furnish our county papers with a notice of the deaths of all old settlers, it would enable us to get a better and more complete list.

During the past three years the death rate has been nearly the same for each year. Commencing with 1879, during which year there were forty-four deaths reported, aggregating 3,137 years, averaging 73 years. During 1880 there were forty-six deaths reported, the combined ages amounting to 3,171 years with an average of 69 years.

During the last year there have been forty-two deaths of whom six died between the ages of 50 and 60 years, fourteen between the ages of 60 and 70; eight between the ages of 70 and 80; thirteen between the ages of 80 and 90, and one between the ages af 90 and 100, the combined ages amounting to 3,033 and the average 73 years.

We have inscribed on the roll of those who passed away since our last meeting the names of many old familiar faces such as. Wm. Mc- Gormley, Dr. L. G. Harkness, Elijah Shipley, Dr. M. E. Rawson, Michael Gleason, John Whitmore, Dennis De- Ran, John B. Mugg, D. H. Dana, Phillip Gottron, Casper Hirt, John H. Ickes, Dan Van Fleet, Albert Freeman, A. W. Luckey, Geo. Weiker, H. R. Dean, Jacob Millious, Wm. Robinson, Martin Engler, Jas. W. Hilt, Henry Steirwalt, Jesse Van Ness, Rev. Henry Chance, Nathan P. Birdseye, Stephen Sargeant, Mrs. Elizabeth Miller, Mrs. Michael Smith, Mrs. Catharine Francisco, Mrs. John C. Spink, Mrs. Ellen Haff, Mrs. Rachel Coe, Mrs. Mary A. Haynes, Mrs. Harriet Witmer, Mrs. Amanda Brush, Mrs, Mary Richards, familiar as household words, men and women strong in life and who have been identified with the affairs of our county and town since first organization more than fifty years ago, each bearing their share of the hardships and privations incident to pioneer life, with many struggles for subsistence, for their guiding star integrity, and all their actions clothed with charity. The most of them lived to see the brighter days of prosperity dawn and instead of the howl of the fierce winter storm and the hungry wolf, at the old log cabin door, peace, prosperity, and plenty abound on every hand.

Our death rate shows that about forty are called year after year. At this rate those who may be termed our pioneers will soon pass away. Their numbers among us are less as each annual gathering rolls around. There is no stay. They are carried forward with that countless throng, and we their sons and daughters are moving to the front to fill the broken ranks, and take their places in the active affairs of life. Let us hope that they who stood bravely by 'each other through the sunshine and storms of pioneer life while here on earth, may stand re-united in the eternal youth of a life whose centuries march in endless processions and whose numbers are as countless as the sand on the shores of the sea, where suffering and death are not known. Let us not forget that sweet faced old mother and the admonition of that venerable father, but live and act our part in life like true men and true women so that when our work is done, we too may be honored by our children in old age and the memory of us cherished by them in old age when we are gone.

A beautiful bouquet was sent to the desk by Miss Etta Lang to be given 'to the oldest pioneer present. It fell to David Deal, 88 years of age and one of the few survivors of the war of 1812.

The children of the late James and Eliza Justice, respectfully ask you to aecept the accompanying portraits of their beloved father and mother, and desire they be placed and Kept in Birchard Library. These pictures are the work of the deceased's only son, Milton J. Justice, a self-made artist.

James Justice was born in Bedford county, Ca. Aug. 18th) 1794. Died May 28th, 1873, in Fremont, Ohio, at the age of 78 years, 9 months and 10 days.

In the war of 1812 he was a volunteer, and served under Gen. Harrison at Fort Seneca at the time the battle of Fort Stevenson was fought. After the war he resided near Chillicothe, where in 1820, he married Eliza Moore. In 1822 they emigrated from Ross County to Sandusky, where they continuously resided until their decease.

He was appointed Associate Judge in 1825, and for a number of years performed the duties of that office with fidelity and impartiality. He had filled various other offices with promptmess and integrity. He was one of our most prominent citizens at the time of his death. The links which connect us with the past are being broken. Soon there will be no pioneer left to tell us of 'those days of suffering which were endured by the first settlers of this portion of Ohio.

She was a daughter of David Moore. At the age of fourteen years she emigrated with her father to Ross County, Ohio, and while residing there, in the year 1820, was married to James Justice. In 1822 she emigrated thence with her husband and child to this county and settled in Ballville. Her father had _ preceded them and was then about erecting the first grist mill on the Sandusky river in this county, but had not removed his family \ from Ross County. The journey from near Chillicothe to this county was made by Mrs. Justice and child on. horseback. The way was through an almost unbroken wilderness - no railroad, no turnpike, then - a tortuous uncleared wagon way, or a mere path through thick forests and swamps, a path sometimes difficult to find formed their line of travel.

Columbus was not then a respectable village. Sandusky County was scarcely organized. The now great State of Ohio was then only twenty years old. The inhabitants of this northwestern portion of the State were very few and very poor in the goods of this world, but they were rich in their trust. in God, inexpressible cheerfulness and indomitable courage which distinguished the hardy pioneers of that period in this portion of the State. After arriving here Mrs. Justice passed six months in the performance of domestic duties, with scanty means, before she saw the face of a white woman.

A number of relics were placed upon.a table among which was an old flint lock musket, used in the war of 1812 by Christopher Vallequet; a smoking tomahawk used by Indians, several pipes and pieces of pottery which were brought by Albert Cavalier and will be placed in Birchard Library.

Albert Cavalier

in 1812 from the Maumee River with his parents. They fled from there from the British and Indians. Staid here until just before the battle of Ft. Stevenson, when they moved to Upper Sandusky, where they were during the battle. They came from the Maumee on the ice, they being guided to the Sandusky river on the ice by a Frenchman. There were no Indians here then, but there were some at Seneca. There was no cultivation around here on the river, the country being covered with brush. The river was narrow and shallow and only small boats could come up.

At the commencement of the war of 1812 was living in Canada. They had considerable difficulty with the British and Indians, and becoming dissatisfied made their way into the United , States, taking protection -under the army at Detroit. In March they came to Lower Sandusky on the ice. There were a few block houses and 'a number of inhabitants where they crossed the Portage River. Most of the town was on the east side of the Sandusky River. Judge Newman kept a tavern and the postoffice. Mr. C. remembers the lLaCrosse story. LaCrosse was a fine appearing man, well educated and had been an officer in France. He remembers seeing him on training day when he was showing the young men how to handle a sword in such a way that he could not be touched when surrounded by the enemy. He came to his death by poison, as was supposed, for his money. Mr. Cooley was acquainted with a man by name of Hopkins who was murdered in this town. Was well acquainted with the river. In reply to a question by Dr. Wilson as to the report that a man could jump across the river. It was up at Upper Sandusky. (Laughter.) There was a_ place down at the mouth of the river where Indians were said to ride across. The river is much wider now than it was in those days. Wherever there. is a high bank the river seems to wash it away.

one of the members, delivered an appropriate address and recited a highly interesting original poem, speaking of each of the members of the old school.

came into Lower Sandusky in December, 1827. He said there was no county at that time. A number of pioneers were here trying to make a county of it.

said that when he was three years old his father built the first vessel that was built on Sandusky river. It was built where Baltus Kieefer's snpop now is. Three years after he built the vessel Cincinnati. On the second day of August, . 1843, he launched the schooner Home. Since

Mr. Caldwell made his advent into Lower Sandusky fifty-three years ago. It was then a wilderness. At that time there were four dry goods stores. A large share of the customers were Seneca Indians. They would come and get goods and pledge their guns for payment and when they received their ammunition they would come and redeem them.

The following poetic address was delivered by Dr. Thomas McCune, of Fremont, at the re-union of the J. W. Case Association, held at the court house during the pioneer meeting, Sept. 6th, 1881.

There we were wont from day to day To con our lessons, laugh and play, In that old Lower Sandusky. And when at last our school was out We bounded homeward with a shout, And people knew we were about That good old Lower Sandusky.

John W. Case upon the hill Our youthful memories tried to fill In that old Lower Sandusky, With Webster, Daboll, Kirkham's rules To wisely shun the fate of fools And learn the truths then taught in schools In good old Lower Sandusky.

Then let us now recall once more, The names and friends we knew of yore In that old Lower Sandusky, Miranda, Orrin, Joe and Sam Miss Emily Hunt and Sally Ann, And Casper Smith, the furniture man,

Miss Nancy Justice; Minerva too, With Chancey Roberts, a jolly crew, Lived then in Lower Sandusky; Miss Sarah Bell and Williams Joe, With Mary Case and Catharine O. And Kridler Jim, now white as snow, Belonged to Lower Sandusky.

Geo. Momeny and Trustum Hull, With Capper Tom, of mischief full, In that old Lower Sandusky, Geo. Loveland always on the wing, Ed. Hawkins of the genuine ring, And Leppleman, the jewelry king, All boys of Lower Sandusky.

Pierre Beaugrand and Betsey Brainard, Nancy, nard, Were here in Lower Sandusky; Miss Sylvia Roberts, Shannon Jim, The boys and girls respected him, And Mary Clafford, neat and trim, All there in Lower Sandusky.

Almira Hafford, Frances Case Were often foremost in the race To shell in Lower Sandusky; But Chas. B. Tyler, Herbster Bill, Would manage with consummate skill

Lodusky Everett, now on high, Maria Bell, above the sky, Look back to Lower Sandusky. Miss Nancy Tracy; Ami, too, Who sealed their friendship firm and true, With love of deep indelible hue, Down there in Lower Sandusky.

know, The girls were glad to take a beau, And walk with only two in a row, Down there in Lower Sandusky. And this winter sports, According to our old reports,

To jolly old Sandusky, And as we went they'd hear us sing, Until we made the welkin ring, For we were happy as a king, Sleighing to Lower Sandusky.

But Lower Sandusky's pass'd away, And with it, too, our joyous days, That good old Lower Sandusky. And nearly all our school-mates, too, Have bid that good old town adieu, And gone to realms of brighter hue We trust, than Lower Sandusky.

Notice To Pioneers, Annual Meeting 1882

The members of Sandusky County Pioneer and Historical Society are requested to meet at Birchard Library in the city of Fremont on the second day of August, 1882, at ten o'clock A. M., for the election of officers and the transaction of any other business that may come before the association.

Last Wednesday was as fine a day as could be desired for the occasion of a reunion, and another happy meeting of the old settlers, who many years ago, came into this section and began the work of making the Black Swamp, as it was then,

Every countenance was radiant with satisfaction and contentment, and the sturdy old pioneers seemed to forget everything else, and throw their whole souls into the meeting. Great interest was manifested by all present, and members tried to contribute something of interest to the meeting, among which contributions was a package of tobacco grown in Virginia in 1776, over one hundred years ago, and which was part of a one hundred and fifty pound package that some brave young revolutionary soldier, perhaps whose heart was burning with a love for some charming girl, with even a stronger fire than it was burning for his country, paid for a wife, which was the price demanded in those days.

Another attraction was a miniature log cabin, constructed by Mr. Isaac Trask, of Green Creek; it was almost perfect in every particular, clapboard roof, one sash in a window, and puncheon floor; the door, had wooden hinges and latch, and every thing about it made one think of the early log cabins of old.

A very handsome and accurate drawing of Fort Stevenson was presented to the Association by Mr. Philander Rexford, now of New York. Mr. Rexford was in the fort

The meeting was called to order at ten o'clock by Homer Everett, the president. | The exercises were begun by singing Auld Lang Syne, by Brainard choir. Rev. H. Lang then read the following hymn, in which all joined in singing:

"Mr. President: Accustomed for some time to be called the great father by the red men, it does not either embarrass or startle me to be called father of an association like this, although it is not altogether just to himself (Everett) and other persons who were equally active in tthe organization of the society. I rise in response to his call, not with any formal address prepared, nor with the expectation of saying any thing that will be worth your hearing but with a very warm desire to add, if I can, to the interest of the occasion.

It is certainly gratifying to see so large a number of the early Pioneers of Sandusky County present this morning. I have feared that our society would gradually disappear by the inevitable event, that we are all looking to our departure. I remember when we first talked of forming a society, that an estimate was formed that there were within the limits of Sandusky county, between three and four hundred persons only, who were here in 1830 and prior to that time. We know very well by the record that has been kept, that the list of deaths is a long one. As a matter of course all of these were not aged persons, and we concluded to admit as _ pioneers, those young, comparatively young, who were born in 1830 or prior, and yet this list of deaths is rapidly depriving us of altogether the most interesting members of our society - those who were present when the country was a wilderness - who met and overcame the hardships and perils of that early settlement; therefore when so large a number can be assembled as we see this morning, it is certainly an occasion of congratulation and thankfulness, that so many can be present and enjoy an association like this. In the disjointed observations that I am making, I do not intend to enlarge upon the more general and interesting objects of the meeting. My friends, the president of the Huron Association, and Judge Kramer, have referred to the earliest settlements of our country and of the settlement of New England by the Pilgrims; I had forgotten it, and I am glad he reminded me of the fact that that noble band sailed from England on the 6th of September. Judge Kramer also how much has reminds us been done by the settlers from Germany. I have sometimes thought that the Black Swamp could not have been settled without the industry, and force of character that is 'possessed by the German people, and yet, when we are speaking in this general way of the earlier settlers of this country, especially of this part of the United States, we are not to forget the .people of another nationality. The first people who saw this country were the French - the French explorers, the French missionnaires, the French traders, and tne French soldiers. They are entitled to be named on a day like this.

Going back from these larger topics, let us say a few words about the narrower local considerations that are suggested by the occasion. 'The past year in this town of Fremont, has been one of interest to the whole county. There have been some interesting events. Judge

Kramer alluded to the railroad that connects us with his town, and our water works now building immediately in sight of us. We have had a county history during the past year. I see it criticised in the public press; probably a hastily written mass of matters, but on the whole I like to look upon a list of those old familiar names.

There are some points in connection with the Society, that possibly we ought to consider at this meetsing. When we first formed the Association we thought that those who had been here 45 years might be regarded as pioneers, that those who were here in 1830 were to be our pioneers, aS you will see in the due course of nature they are passing away, and our society must soon disappear. Would it not be well enough to push forward that period and say that those who came here in 1840 or prior to that time, were to be ranked as pioneers? This will bring, as Judge Kramer says, some fresh 'blood into the society, that will conduct it, and be as _ interesting perhaps to those who meet as the old one has been."

Ex-President Hayes then moved that the reporters be requested to collect the names of all the old pioneers who were present, for publication in their account of this meeting. Motion carried.

During the time that I have been Secretary of this association, I have observed that the number who annually pass from among us, is about the same.

We note that in 1879 there were forty-four deaths reported, aggregating 3137 years averaging 72 years to a person; in 1880 - 46, aggregating 3137, with average of 62 years; in 1881 - 42, total years 3030, being an average of 73 years. During the past year and since our last annual meeting, there have been 48 deaths reported, having a total of 8395 years,and an average of 71 years. Of this number two were between the ages of 40 and 50, 8 between 50 and 60, 8 between 60 and 70, 17 between 70 and 80, 12 between 80 and 90, and one between 90 and 100.

This record shows that the average of those who live to fifty and upwards, is about 70 years; in other words, of those who live to see their fiftieth birthday, more die between the ages of 70 and 80 than during any other decade.

Among the number who have died during the past year, are many of whom we often heard during our childhood, and who later in life we were proud to call our neighbors and friends. A dear familiar faces among us, and strangers come to take their places. Looking among them for some loved face that we know will not be there, a feeling of sadness comes over us, remembering that this change is continually going on, and it will only be a few years until we too are missed.

But their age, and interest in the welfare and developements of the county, demand consideration. Among those deserving more than a passing notice was Mrs. Olmstead, the wife of Jesse Olmstead, one of our earliest merchants. Mrs. Olmstead was considered an elderly lady when I was a little barefoot boy of eight or ten.

Also Mrs. Rawson, the wife of our venerable and esteemed friend Dr. Rawson, coming before the days of railroads, pikes, or even the mud roads. Mrs. Rawson came to Lower Sandusky by the way of I.ake Hrie and the Sandusky river in a sleigh, on the ice. She attended the first 'mass held in the first brick house erected in the county. The house, as well as she, has passed away.

Forty-six of the good old fathers and mothers have gone from among us in the past year, and thus year after year they continue to go like the flowers of the field, passing away to let others succeed, and we ourselves looking backward to our childhood days, down the receding years of time, are led to exclaim:

Let us not forget, young men and young women, that our time is an age of progress. Let us not stand idle; the work is not all done; while the pioneers had their day and their work is done, we also have ours.

They cleared the ground on which to rear the rude cabin, the primitive school house, and the little log church, and it is left to us to beautify and honor the home, preserve the school and extend the church. For these three go hand in hand, and are the civilizers of mankind.

Many were the incidents that were recalled and related by the good old pioneers, not in a boasting manner, but they spoke of the hardships which they had borne as tasks which had been their duty to bear, and now when they look back from their comfortable homes and the rude log eabin is brought to their minds, they remember Him who was their ret- uge and strength in those dark days, and they are only waiting till the shadows are a little longer grown, and until they hear his gentle voice saying "come." Oiie by one they are passing away as the strong oaks fell before their hands many years ago, and ere long the last pioneer will have passed into that new land where hardships never come, and where there will be one grand and everlasting reunion of the pioneers. Which was followed by the

President and Ladies. and Although until lately a stranger, into the aims and objects of your pioneer association, I now begin to perceive, that you are united for the purpose of recalling, and perpetuating the events, the scenes, and the pleasant memories of the good old days of Auld Lang Syne; scenes so dear to every old pioneer's heart. This is noble and worthy of your efforts. Shakespeare said: "the evil which men do lives after them, while the good is often interred with their bones." If this be true, how important it is that we cherish the memory of our good deeds, and transmit to our posterity, the sweet incense of a good name, and a noble life.

I perceive also, that as you meet from time to time, and relate your experiences of the past, you are drawn more intimately together, as a band of brothers, thus cultivating that heavenly principle, which the Saviour came on earth to establish, viz: love to our neighbor, and good will to the whole great brotherhood of man. Mr. President, congratulate the Pioneers on the noble aims and objects of their society, and on the evidences of their success.

It is the record and perpetuity of the acts of mankind, in all ages of our earth, that make up the history of our race. What should we know today of the early history of this continent, were it not for the record of the acts of that great pioneer of the 15th century, who discovered this western world, and gave to his, and our posterity, this land of the free and this home of the brave. That poor man and his noble and all most super-human deed, will be held in high and lofty remembrance by millions and millions of grateful hearts, so long as this great continent shall exist, yea and on the very pinnacle of fame, will stand recorded the name of that poor old man, but that greatest of modern pioneers, Christopher Columbus.

A century Jater go with me down the stream of time, to a little obscure German village. Here we find within the walls of a convent, a - poor monk, a beggar, then unknown to fame, who was destined to be the foremost among other pioneers to lead the world of mankind out of the dark ages, into the bright shining light of Christianity, foremost among the pioneers of Christendom after dark ages, was that' eminent man of God, Martin Luther.

Please come with me now down to 1776. Here we meet among the pioneers of that period, that noble Virginian, the great American Pioneer, who in supporting the principles of liberty and equality, led our forefathers on through revolution and war, to deliverance from a proud and boasted aristocracy, and established for us a country, which at the present day, is second in importance to none, and which acknowledges allegiance to no earthly potentate; that pioneer was preeminently the great and good George Washington.

I next come to that period which tried the manhood of the _ stoutest hearts; to thousands of pioneer warriors whose indomitable bravery saved our great ship of State, from foundering among the _ breakers, among which she was driven. Yea, I say that the heroic deeds, of a million of our noble soldiers, are still fresh and vivid in the memories of a great and admiring people; but foremost among the bravest was our Martyr President, the great emiancipator, the noble pioneer "who with love for all mankind, and malice towards none," by the one great act of his life emancipated 4,000,000 of slaves, and opened the way for their enfranchisement. Our tears have

General Grant, who so gracefully and courteously received the sword surrendered at Appomattox Court House, by Gen. Lee, which act terminated the war, proved to be wise in war, wise in executive ability, and wise in. counsel, his acts and wisdom were the admiration of the nations of the world.

Who after the war inaugurated the peace policy, the policy that was designed to calm the turbulent elements of the people of the South, and their sympathizers in the North? Who was the man that dared, against the advice of many of the wise men of his party, to appoint to offices of trust and emolument, men, who had so lately been the enemies of the ration? Who was it that dared to do right, because the secret monitor in his own breast, said to him "this is the way, walk ye in it," this policy is wise, right, peaceful, politic, and magnanimous; who I say was the pioneer of this policy? Need look for am answer beyond our own Buckeye State? Need I look beyond the beautiful and peaceful shades of yonder Speigel grove? As time rolls on the mame of Ex-President R. B. Hayes will grow brighter and brighter, as the pioneer of the peace policy, which is already calming the minds and winning the hearts of all American citizens, whose desires are peace and unity.

In the pioneer times of fifty years ago, there was born in the village of Orange, Cuyahoga county, Ohio, into the lap of poverty, a little boy that was called Jimmy. As soon as Jimmy was old enough, he was employed as a mule driver on the canal. He was sent to the common schools where he soon developed a taste for learning, and he rose step by step to the classical and mathematical scholar, to the college tutor and professor; to the minister of the gospel; to representative in Congress, to United States Senator, and President of the Nation, and finally he arose to those heavenly mansions permit me now attention to one of pioneers, of . Sandusky county, the man who has _ lived longer in this county, than any other man now living, namely sixtyseven years. I have collated very briefly some of the principal events of his history, from the Atlas of Evarts, Stewart & Co.

He came to Lower Sandusky as a lap passenger on h's mother's knee, in 1815, at 'two years old; until» he was seventeen years old, he was a farmer's boy; he was then successively clerk for Jesse S. Olmsted; Post Master of Lower Sandusky; Deputy Clerk of the Court; Sheriff of the County; studied law in his léisure moments, by the light of a tallow candle; partner with N. B. Eddy, Esq.; law partner with L. B. Otis, Esq.; member of city council; township clerk; one of the first members of the city Board of Education; one of the pioneers to introduce the Akron School law, now the basis of all the city schools of the State; Mayor of the'city of Fremont two terms; former' short'. time; County Auditor two terms; law partner with Gen. R. P. Buckland; law partner with James H. Fowler, Esq.; member of the Ohio State senate two terms; and now he is the president of this Pioneer Association.

He has filled so far as I can learn, more offices of trust and responsibility than any other man in Sandusky County, and I know that you will all bear me out in the assertion that he has discharged these duties with eminent ability, and unswerving integrity, and, his character as a man through life, has always been without a stain, and without reproach; it is true he has not been called to pass through fields of carnage and blood, or to fill the highest offices of the nation in order to serve his country, but it is not so much the opportunities of doing the great and wonderful deeds, that develope @ man's character for ability and integrity, as the minor duties of life, which are dictated by the silent. monitor within, or the still small voice of conscience; in short my old friend and fellow sinner, Hon. Homer Everett, is every inch a man, yea one of God's noblemen, and I hope and trust that when the Divine Master shall come to take account of his servants, for their stewardship, he will say to him as he did to them of old, "Thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will make thee ruler over many things, enter thou into the joy of thy Lord."

Mr. President, not trespassing too much on your patience, I would like with your permission to mention briefly, just one more _ pioneer. Whenever has the great temperance Reformation stood higher and had more eminent advocates and leaders than at the present time? Never. The temperance men of this nation have wrought wonders in the cause, but it was reserved for the American women, (I use that word in its highest and most honorable sense, as being the name that the Almighty gave to her) I say it was reserved for the kind-hearted American women to come to the front and take the lead in this great movement. They came in that humble, unostentatious, gentle, persuasive way, peculiar to their sex, and their weapons were not carnal but mighty. It has been said that men govern the world: if this be so, has it not been said with equal. truth, that women govern the men? Aye, is she not the power behind the throne? That noble' society, the Women's National Temperance Union, is pioneering this work now, but I have only time to mention the _ pioneer whom that association chose to honor as their leader, and well and faithfully did she discharge the duty imposed upon her, while mistress of the White House at Washington. In the presence of the magnates of the nation, and of the diplomatic corps representing the nations of the earth, she formed the resolution, and inaugurated the unprecedented custom at the President's levees, to banish liquors and wines from the tables on State festival occasions at the President's mansion; and for that fearless act of magnanimity, the National Temperance Union have honored their leader, by ordering and placing in the green room of the Presidential mansion, among the great ones of the nation, to shine as a beacon light to future generations, the full length portrait of their chosen pioneer, Mrs. General R. B. Hayes.

I know that the lady will not thank me for making her name thus conspicuous, but her name and influence belong to the nation, and cannot be hidden even behind that charming grace of the human _ character, modesty. Mr. President and brother pioneers, perhaps it might be expected that I should refer at length to the scenes of our early lives, but I have occupied more than my share of tha time which is due to those older pioneers who are my seniors, and in conclusion, I would offer one thought which it might be well for each of us to carry home.

The number of members of this pioneer society is annually diminishing, and in the near future there will not be one of us left to tell our past experience. In view of this fact, would it not be well for é¢ach one of us to inquire of the sentinel on the walls of Zion, in the language of the prophet, "Watchman, what of the night?" Oh, happy will it be for us, if we shall hear the cheering consoling reply: "Traveler, darkness takes its flight, and the morning soon shall dawn." Yea, thrice happy shall we be, if that morning dawn upon us into the light of a glorious immortality.

The president then read a letter of Philander Rexford, of New York, and on behalf of Mr. Rexford presented to the association, a picture of Fort Stephenson, made under the direction of Mr. Rexford, who was at the fort in 1813.

In the year 1808, at Detroit, Gov. William Hull, the same general who surrendered so _ disgracefully our army in 1812, made a treaty with the representatives of the Wyandots, the Chippewas, the Ottawas and the Shawnees, by which thelandin Michigan, near Detroit, and the Detroit river, became the territory of the United States, and subject to occupation by the citizens of the United States. At that time this region of country west of the Connecticut reserve, and north of the Greeneville treaty line, was all Indian country. To the landin Michigan there was no route except by water and no land route except through the Indian country; therefore they inserted in that treaty the provision that the United States should have a strip of land for settlement 120 feet wide extending from the western line of the Western Reserve to the Maumee Rapids, and a tract one mile on each side of the road.

Walk-in-the-water was one of the Indians. Of the white men only the name of William Hull is familiar. The treaty became a law by the ratification of the Senate, signed by Thomas Jefferson as President, and James Madison as Secretary of origin of the road, but the general government never undertook the construction of the 'road, and it was in 1825 that Ohio began the construction of the road.

Clark Waggoner, HEsq., of Toledo, said that his active business life was commenced in Fremont. He came here in 1838, in a few months he began the publication of a newspaper. In those days they had what were called Poor Masters, whose duty it was to see what kind of persons were drifting in; to see whether they had any visible means of support, and especially to see if they likely to become a_ public charge; if so, the poor masters would issue to a constable a poor man's warrant, cominanding the constable to notify the persons named in the warrant, to leave town forthwith. One of the printers received such a notice, and in the next issue, he voted the poor masters a_ suit of petticoats to be worn on public occasions.

Mr. Waggoner did not remember the names of all that vigilant board but said that if Dr. Rawson was not present he would mention the name of one of them.

Sheriff Pohlman and wife for their kindness in furnishing the _ coal, room, and the use of the kitchen and 'stove for our comfort and entertaiument. Also to Mrs. J. P. Moore, for a bountiful supply of tea and coffee for the tables. Also to C. R. McCullough, Louis Dorr, Mrs. H. C. Stahl, Miss Fannie Dickenson, Miss Fannie McCullough and, C. F. Bell, for the. excellent music they rendered, for our entertainment. Also to L. E. Stetler and Mr. Ned Thatcher for reporting our proceedings.

Much credit is due to the elegan+ taste 'of the two Miss Langs, who arranged the handsome bouquet which was presented to the oldest pioneer.

The singing was splendid and the songs very appropriate. Messrs. Dorr, McCullough and Chas. Bell and Misses McCullough and Dickenson and Mrs. Stahl entertained the association with music.

EVERETT - At the residence of his son-in-law, H. Hatfield, at Osborne, Kansas, on Wednesday evening 10 o'clock, June 22, 1887, Homer Everett, of Fremont, O., aged 73 years, 4 months, 22 days.

Homer Everett was born north of Milan, Erie county, O., January 30, 1813. When he was two years of age his parents moved to Sandusky county, where he has continuously resided. At 17 years of age he entered the store of Jesse S. Olmsted, Lower Sandusky, where he remained seven years. In 1837 he was appointed postmaster of Lower Sandusky. While postmaster he was elected Sheriff of Sandusky county, and resigned as postmaster, serving two terms as Sheriff. He improved his time in the study of law, and in 1841 was admitted to the practice of the law, and associated himself with N. B. Eddy and afterwards with L. B. Otis. In 1847 he was elected County Auditor, and at the latter part of his fourth year as Auditor resigned the office and associated himself with R. P. Buckland in the practice of law, Mr. Buckland retiring in 1866. He was elected to the Senate of Ohio in 1867, and reelected in 1869. He was elected Mayor of Fremont in 1864.

In 1837 he was married to Hannah Bates, by whom he had one daughter, Hannah Bates, who married Henry Hatfield, and settled in Osborne, Kansas, where Mr. Everett died. His wife died June, 1840. In December 1842, he married the widow of John T. Brush, by whom he had two sons and two daughters. One son Charles lives in Fremont. His second wife died December, 1855. In November, 18738, Mr. Everett married as his third wife Minerva E. Justice, of this city, who still resides in the James Justice homestead,

For the last three or tour years Mr. Everett's health has been poor. Early this spring he went on a visit to his daughter, in Osborne, Kansas, where he died. The funeral was at Osborne on Friday, June 24, at 10 o'clock in the morning.

At a meeting of the Sandusky County Bar Association, June 25, 1887, the following resolutions were passed in commemoration of the death of Hon. Homer Everett, which occurred on Wednesday, June 22d:

Whereas, This Bar Association has been called together by the sad and solemn event of the death of the Hon. Homer Everett, a member thereof, at the home of his daughter in Osborne, Kansas, it is fitting that we give expression of the esteem in which he was held, and of our sympathy with the members of his family who are left to mourn his loss. Mr. Everett was born in Huron county, Ohio, January 30, 1813, and when but two years old removed with his parents to this place, where he has since continuously resided. He grew up amidst the toils, cares and deprivations with which the early pioneers of the county wrestled, sharing the hardships of the common people, and receiving such education as private tuition and select schools afforded. His father's means were always cheerful, buoyant of hope, but moderately ambitious, condescending, affable and suave, kind and obliging, a generous flow of sympathy and affection, a heart full of gratitude and charity, and at once responsive to the sorrows, sufferings and afflictions of all humanity. Mr. Everett was an honest, faithful and efficient public servant, having served as postmaster, deputy clerk, sheriff, county auditor, member of the board of education, member of the city council, mayor of the city, state senator for two terms, besides serving in many other responsible positions to the eminent satisfaction of the general public.

He began reading law in 1834, and was regularly admitted to practice in 1841. He was a law partner with Hon. Nathaniel B. Eddy, Hon. L. B. Otis, Hon. R. P. Buckland, and James H. Fowler. He was a safe counsellor, a fair and ready practitioner, dignified in the presence of the court, courteous and kind to his opponents in the trial of causes. :

At the breaking out of the war of the rebellion Mr. Everett at once took a decided stand in support of the government, and made many eloquent and patriotic speeches urging the enlistment of soldiers. He was especially active and zealous in urging enlistments in the 72d O. V. I., and always took great interest and pride in the achievements of that regiment. He made an eloquent speech of encouragement to the soldiers in the presentation of a banner to the regiment by the ladies of Fremont, and continued during the war untiring in his zeal for the Union cause.

The life of our deceased brother illustrates most forcibly and fully many lessons of inestimable value to the members of the profession, and especially to those just entering on the rugged path that leads to honor and distinction among men. His name is honorably and ineffaceably stamped on the records of this municipality, on the records of the several county offices which he filled, on the journal of the Ohio senate, on the journals and records of the several courts of this county, of the supreme court of Ohio and of the supreme court of the United States, on the history of Sandusky county which was largely his handiwork, and is indelibly engraved on the hearts of his surviving professional brethren.

Resolved, That in his death the Bar has lost an able, distinguished and honored associate, the community a worthy and upright citizen, his family a generous, kind and noble father, and that the members of the family are here tendered our profound sympathy in their bereavement and great loss.

Resolved, That a copy of these proceedings be furnished to the weekly and daily press of this county, and that Gen. Ralph P, Buckland move the court of common pleas of this county on July 2d to have them spread upon its journal.

At a regular communication of Brainard Lodge No. 336, F. and A. M., held Friday evening, June 24, the following resolutions were unanimously adopted:

Resolved, By Brainard Lodge, No. 336, F. and A. M., that while we bow with humble submission to the will of our Master on High, we do not the less regret the loss of our brother now taken from us.

Resolved, That the sympathies of this Lodge are hereby extended to his family in their affliction, and commend them to Him who orders all things for the best and whose chastisements are meant in mercy.

Resolved, That these resolutions be spread upon the records of the Lodge and a copy thereof be transmitted to the family of our deceased brother, and to the newspapers of the City of Fremont, O. Isaac M. Keeler,

Wm. B. Sanford, a pioneer of Sandusky county, died at his home in Riley township, on Wednesday morn ing of this week. Mr. Sanford was born in Ontario county; New York, April 7, 1828. In 1832 his parents came to Ohio, settling in Townsend township, and the deceased has resided in the county continually since. He was

MUNSCH - tThursday, September 3, Christena Munsch, aged 86 years, 4 months and 14 days. Funeral serv ices were held at St. John's Lutheran church, Saturday. Interment in Oakwood cemetery.

CLARK - At her residence in Riley township, November 26, 1885, Mrs. Emilie Clark, wife of Joseph R. Clark, aged 73 years, 1 month and 25 days.

Mrs. Clark was married to Joseph R. Clark in Pennsylvania, March 26, 1833, and was the mother of nine children, all of whom were present at the funeral except one who resides in Monongahela City, Pa. They emigrated from Pennsylvania to Knox county, Ohio, in 1836, where they continued to reside until 1845 when they emigrated to Sandusky county. Mrs. Clark united with the Presbyterian church over 50 years ago and has continued ever since a consistent member. She was much respected by her neighbors and acquaintances. The funeral took place last Saturday and the remains were interred in Oakwood Cemetery, this city.

BARTLETT - In this city, on Friday, September 18, at her residence on Main street, between Garrison and _Birchard avenue, Mrs. Rachel Bartlett, wife of Col. J. R. Bartlett, aged 58 years. Funeral services were held on Sunday at St. Paul's Episcopal Church by Rev. D. W. Coxe. Interment at Oakwood cemetery.

Rachel P. Bartlett, nee Mitchener, was born in Chester county, Pa., in 1827, and emigrated to Ohio and settled in Fremont in 1848, and was married to Joseph R. Bartlett, January 2, 1853. She was the sister of Hion. C. H. Mitchener, of New Philadelphia, O.; of Mrs. Louise P. Dickinson, Mrs. Ann M. French, Mrs. J. Evans and Mrs. E. F. Dickinson, of this city. She was the mother of two children, a son and daughter.

GUSDORF - On Friday night, September 3, 1885, Moritz Gusdorf, aged 71 years, 9 months and 21 days. Interment in Jewish Cemetery at Cleveland, on Monday.

Mr. Gusdorf, born in Worms, Germany, was left an orphan at an early age. Through the exertions of his mother, however, he was well educated and at 17 became bookkeeper and cashier in a large cloth factory in Baden. In 1851 he emigrated to America, and settled at Fremont, where his brother Abraham was already in business, intending soon after to return to Worms and bring his wife and child. In the short space of six months however, both died and he continued a widower during his remaining life. With the exception of several years spent in business elsewhere, he continued his residence here, the partner of his brothers Abraham and Leo Gusdorf, in a general merchandise business, afterwards in the business of pork packing. He had an extensive acquaintance throughout Northern Ohio and was regarded as a man of industry, integrity and fine business capacity.

When she was two years old her parents moved to the State of New York. In her twenty-second year her parents came to Ohio and located in Ottawa county. In 1837 she married James Stewart, and in 1847 they moved to Fremont, where she has since lived. In 1848 her husband died, leaving her with five children, three of whom preceded her to the grave. One of her sons was killed in the battle of Vicksburg. In her early womanhood she became a Christian and united with the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which she remained a member until her death. She was faithful in all her Christian duties until age and failing health made it impossible to be present at the church services. She was a woman of sterling character and of generous impulses. Her constant desire was to be true\ to God and humanity. At her request there was buried with her a copy of the Holy Bible, the gift of her mother, whicn Was over one hundred years old, also a Methodist hymn book of about the same date. She leaves to her children and grandchildren the legacy of a good name and a godly life.

He came to Sandusky county in 1831, and consequently lived here 55 years. He was a faithful member of the Lutheran church from his youth up. On Wednesday, September 8, he was buried at Washington township cemetery.

The mortal remains of John R. Gepbart were laid in the silent grave, in Oakwood Cemetery, last Sunday, August 15. The funeral was in charge ot Eugene Rawson Post, assisted by Manville Moore Post, G. A. R., and Chester A. Buckland Camp, S. V. The burial service of the G. A. R., at the grave led by Post Commander, Capt. J. L. Greene, was beautiful and impressive. Tihe G. A. ''R. funeral ode was sung by Messrs. Garn, Lesher, Smith and Terry and added to the solemnity of the occasion.

The deceased had long been a sufferer from varicose veins, which about the first of this month became much worse and blood poisoning set in producing death. He leaves a wife and two children, a son aged 8 years and a daughter aged 15 years, and a large circle of relatives and friends to mourn his death.

Comrades: - Again we have assembled to pay the last tribute of respect to our patriot dead. Listen to the death roll of our dead comrade who went forth to defend our country and its flag:

The deceased was born in Sandusky county, Ohio, August 12th, 1833, he removed with his father's family to Mfenry county, Illinois, about the year 1855, where he resided at the breaking out of the war of the rebellion. On the call being made by the government for volunteers he enlisted as a private in Company C., 9th Regiment, Illinois Cavalry, in which company, for meritorious service he was appointed a sergeant. During the winter of 1862- 8, in the campaign in Arkansas, on White River, while performing his duty as a soldier, by reason of the exposure iand hardship incident to the campaign he received the injury which ultimately caused his death; after that memorable campaign his health was so impaired he was discharged from service and returned to the home of his childhood in this county. After his return to this county he was twice elected Clerk of our Courts, which position he filled for six years with credit to himself and honor to the county; he was afterwards elected Justice of the Peace for Ballville township which position he worthily filled during his residence in the township.

On the 18th day of September, 1868, he was married to Catharine Druckenmiller, which union was blessed by five children - two of whom, Cora aged fifteen years, and Frank aged eight years - yet survive to mourn the loss of a kind and indulgent father.

On the 11th day of April, 1881, Comrade Gephart was mustered into the Grand Army of the Republic by Hugene Rawson Post, No. 32, Department of Ohio, and has ever lived in accordance with the principles of the order, an earnest worker in the good cause. In his death the Grand Army of the Republic lost one of its most devoted members, the comrades a genial spirit and a faithful friend, our country a good citizen, one of its bravest sons and most faithful de fenders. In this hour of affliction, his devoted wife is entitled and will receive the sympathy of every comrade of the Grand Army. This organization - the child of war - commands that the widow and orphans of our

Comrades - standing in the shadow of death, awaiting its bugle call, let us strive to be ready, that when summoned by the Great Commander those who survive us may say - All honor soldier, rest in peace: Comrade, farewell.

Relict of Daniel Hensel, d'ed at her home in Sandusky township, Wednesday, Feb. 3, 1886, in her 85th yeer. She was born in Northumberland county, Pennsylvania, April 2, 1801; her parents were John and Elizabeth Reed and raised three sons and seven daughters to manhood and womanhood. At the age of eighteen she was married to Daniel Hensel. In 1820 they moved to Perry county, this state, and eight or nine years afterward to Sandusky county, settling a few miles west of Lower Sandusky (now Fremont). The country was at that time very wild, with few roads and those almost impassable in wet weather. Their farm was a forest. When they came here Mr. Hensel worked out by day's work in order to buy the necessaries of life, and the nights they spent in burning brush and clearing their land. They endured the hardships of pioneer life and contributed their full share toward making Sandusky county the splendid county it is today. The deceased was the mother of nine children, six of whom survive her. The funeral services were held at the Four Mile House Lutheran Church on Friday last, conducted by the Rev. H. Lang, of this city.

In the death of Mrs. Christine Hen- 'sel, mother to Adam and Daniel Hensel, of West Fremont, February 3d, Sandusky county has gathered to its dead one more of the old pioneers and early heroines of the "Black Swamp." An obituary only, seems too small a tribute to pay to such a character, haying lived in your. vicinity and county fifty-seven years, sharing alike

Christine Reed was a descendant of English parentage, also of the Dutch of Saxony, and was born in Northumberland Co., Pa., in the year 1802 and Was married to Daniel Hensel of the same county in 1819. Subsequently they moved to Perry county, Ohio. In 1827, they were one among three families that emigrated to the "Sandusky." They arrived at Lower Sandusky with brave spirits, but meager household possessions - a set of carpenter's tools and a few dollars in money. Though smali as the train was the old lady often referred to the fact "that there were more white people in their train than the whole population of Lower Sandusky contained at that time."

They journeyed yet a little farther west and paused on the "Crowell farm,' west of the Pike on, the "Muskalonge."' From there they followed the trail Gen. Harrison and his army made on their march to Lake Erie in 1812, and located one mile north of the Four-mile house, known as the Dr. Wilson farm. This spot was taken possession of by George Overmyer, one of the party. It is needless to say that their train was drawn by oxen, the wagons literally floating through the murky black water and mud; hence the 'Black Swamp." The forest then, meant an impenetrable growth of young timber and_ spice brush, from the banks of the Sandusky to the banks of the Maumee.

Daniel Hensel took possession of 160 acres of land, east of the Overmyer claim, and there began the prosperity of an invaluable tract of land, and the career of one of its brave women. First men and women cut down trees enough to let the sunshine in, then a log cabin was raised by the united efforts of men and women, Mrs. Hensel herself laying the floor. Windows and doors they had none, but they used quilts and blankets to shut out the blasts and the howl of wild beasts. A truck patch in a year, then a cornfield. Still the ax of the woodman gave answer to that of his neighbor, and soon the sun - the only time-piece in these primitive forest homes - was greeted in the morning by lusty young wives and the tinkling of cow bells. Who of us would not remember the beautiful gold-tipped tree tops that told of the rising sun, and watch its slanting rays stoop and kiss the forest dew drops? Who would not remember the golden light turn into a crimson red as the receding light faded from another day?

The increase in the family warranted a renewed energy and ambition, so the mother often left the little ones alone from morning till night, toiling together with her husband in a truck patch, or "new ground." On entering the house one day she found a buxom voung Indian squaw nursing her baby. To resent the liberty of the squaw was to jeopardize the safety of her household ever after.

Up to the time of her husband's death, in 1814, nine children were born to her, none of them hardly old enough to be of any help in the support of the family. Her husband was the first one to be laid in the Fourmile house grave-yard. The corpse was carried by an ox team, and the mourners waded, or rode on horseback. She, among others, who were inspired by her noble efforts to progress, built a church and school house. The highways to the school house from the sparsely settled. neighborhood were discernible only by notches cut into trees every so many steps. Moss covered logs and bushes served as bridges across the flooded swamps and swales.

The Rey. Mr. Lang was perhaps the first man that preached Lutheranism to the settlers of that place. While she never essayed a deep enthusiastic fervor in the church, she was _ puritanical and held fast to the Lutheran doctrine to the end.

Magnificent in physique, full of hope and courage she, with the assistance of her eldest sons and daughters soon resumed the work on her farm, and who, but the earliest settlers, can put an adequate estimate on the arduous task of farming in those days.

It is known that much is due to the influence she possessed over the community and the strong effort she made to drain and fertilize the land, that the stigma of "Black Swamp" was lifted from Sandusky township, successfully as may be judged by the enviable prosperity of her old homestead and surrounding country, and justly merits the sleeping ground of many of its heroes. Always strong and ready to act in life, she maintained her mental faculties up to within a few moments of her death, February 3d, at the residence of her eldest son, surrounded by children, grandchildren and_ greatgrandchildren, she, like the brilliant setting sun, sank below the horizon, while tearful voices sang "I am coming blessed Jesus, I am coming at thy call,' moving her cold white hand in a last adieu!

"Oh say, amid this wilderness of life, What bosom would have glowed like thine for me? Who would have smiled responsive? who in grief Would e'er have felt, and feeling, grieve like thee?"

Mr. Christian Lay, a worthy and esteemed citizen of this city, died of lung fever at half-past- eight o'clock Sunday morning after a brief sickness of one week. Mr. Lay was born at Baden, Germany, May 16th, 1830, and came to this country in 1854. He came immediately to this city, where he has resided ever since. He was married in 1856, and his wife and four children survive him. The funeral services were held at Lutheran Church, of which Mr. Lay was a member, on Tuesday. Rev. H. Lang preached the sermon.

died March 25, 1884. He embraced religion in his 20th year and joined the U. B. Church, of which he was a member up to his death. He was the father of eight children; six sons and two daughters, of which four remain living,

Saturday afternoon Aug. 15, the spirit of Adolphus Kraemer took its flight from the scenes of earth. By this sad providence a vacancy has occurred that will be felt in all future public gatherings called to discuss affairs in Ottawa county, for he was a man always found at the front, ready to uphold any cause that he might espouse, willing to give counsel gathered from years of study, observation and experience. His death is an irreparable loss to Oak Harbor, a community with which, through years that are past, his interests have been coextensive and where he was honored and respected on account of many good deeds.

A. Kraemer was born at Gottingen, Germany, June 17,1810; when 21 years old, in the fall of 1831, he emigrated to America, settling at Lancaster, Ohio, where he was married. to Eliza Weaver, whose parents were natives of Virginia but who came to Ohio when it was still under a Territorial Government. He was married March 1st, 1833, his faithful wife parting this life August 3d, 1882, after more than 49 years of wedded life. He settled at Oak Harbor in 1838 and continued to reside there until the time of his death. He often earnestly remarked that there was plenty of room there for a town; all that was required was more buildings and business. Every house in the place was erected after he located there, and he delighted to point to this fact and add that the place might become a town of considerable importance. In his youth he had acquired some knowledge on most every subject, but had studied no profession. He read the news of the day; all kinds of literary works, on art, on travel, on medicine, on surveying, on architecture, on natural history, and indeed on almost every subject that a highly cultivated person ought to understand, and in this way had acquired vast stores of information at a time when his mind was most susceptible and when impressions were most thoroughly incorporated into his life.

The business Mr. Kraemer engaged in on locating here, like all new settlers at that date, was lumbering and saw milling, a business he never entirely gave up until a few years ago. At an early date he practiced medicine among the pioneers, but gave it up when a regular physician located here. He was the first Surveyor elected in the county. He was appointed Probate Judge, and while holding the office, read law, and, in 1857, was admitted to the bar. In 1864 he was elected Prosecuting Attorney and in 1866 re-elected. In 1870 he was elected a member of the Constitutional Convention. In 1884 he was for the third time elected Prosecuting Attorney.

Judge Kraemer had, in his time, some harsh critics and bitter enemies, but his bitterest and most unrelenting enemies, whom time did not soften, were those for whom he was trying to do the most, by enhancing the value of their property. To the poor, to the struggling, from the wandering asking food, to the man seeking to secure himself a little home, indeed to all afflicted in mind, body or estate, he was a kind, helpful, indulgent friend. To him it will never be said, "T was an hungered and ye gave me no meat, I was thirsty and ye gave me no drink."

The funeral services over his remains were held on the lawn in front of his home in Oak Harbor, on Tuesday afternoon of last week, the remains lying in the parlor, while about the room were bereaved friends, many of whom had traveled long distances to pay their kindly tributes to his memory. The remains were encased in a neat casket, and the face bore the same happy, peaceful expression that marked it in life. Clusters of the rarest flowers were used in inside decorating, and the long porch in front of the house was dressed in crape. There were from 1,200 to 1,500 people present. Rev. Gascoigne, M. EH. Minister at Oak Harbor, and an intimate friend of the deceased, conducted the services, and referred in touching words to the life he had led so full of good works and influences. The pall bearers were twenty in number, consisting nearly all of those remaining of the early pioneers in this section, as follows: Alex. Borden, John Kleinhans, Albert Cavalier, Ernst Franck, James W. Long, L. A. Harmon, Christ Jordon, John D. Bredbeck, O. J. True, Wm. Zinck, David Gordon, Charles Roose, Sr., Dr. L. Schimansky, Reuben Rice, Joseph W. Sylvester, Alfred Pierson, John Mitchell, Judge Wm. Caldwell, D. M. Day and Henry Harrison.

At 2 o'clock P. M. the choir of the M. EH. Church opened the services with a song, which was followed by Rev. Prentiss, of Fremont, reading appropriate passages from the scriptures. The whole assemblage was then invited to join singing that familjar song, entitled, "Jesus, Lover of my Soul." Rev. Gascoigne then offered a very feeling prayer and the choir afterwards sang a_ selection at the request of the family, entitled "Gathering Home, One by One." Rev. Brown, of Elmore, then read a scripture lesson on the resurrection.

Rev. Gascoigne took for his text the 10th verse of the 90th Psalm. He said that one of the most prominent traits in Mr. Kraemer's character was that he never became discouraged, but was always hopeful. His was a model life, and the legacy of his character which has been bequeathed to his children was of far more value than broad acres. Oak Harbor was full of monuments that he left behind. Every church in the village, as well as the school house, stood on ground donated by him to the public. Much of this ground he himself had cleared of stumps. In his death an irreparable loss had been sustained by the community. While not identified with any church, Judge Kraemer was a believer in the Holy Scriptures, held religious sentiments and showed this to be so in his daily conversation, He was a friend to the young, the old, the infirm, the sick and the poor. He had the happiest home in Oak Harbor and he loved his children and grandchildren. He would give $5 quicker for any public advancement than any man in his neighborhood. He was one of the prime movers in organizing Ottawa county, and was early disappointed in the location of the county seat. He wanted to see Oak Harbor built up to be the best town in the county, and he would then be ready to die. He wanted to see everybody' enjoy themselves. He wanted things for the community much more than for himself; but he has now spoken his last word. He had filled many public offices with credit to himself. Peace to his ashes, and may his children live to cherish his memory and emulate his good deeds.

A funeral procession was formed as follows: The three ministers present; eight pall bearers walking ahead of the, hearse, six walking alongside and six behind it; family and relatives; village officers; members of the bar; county officials; G. A. R. organization; citizens on foot and in carriages. The procession proceeded to the cemetery in this order where the last sad rites over the remains were very brief.

The children and grandchildren of the deceased are as follows: William Kraemer, engineer in Roose's factory, has two children; J. H. Kraemer, editor of the Exponent, has three children; G, A. Kraemer, a -railroad transfer agent, at Whilesboro, Texas, has five children; and one grandchild, daughter of the late Mrs. McKennon (formerly Hellen Kraemer), who has been making her home with the deceased. - Ottawa County News.

LONGANBACH - Anna, relict of George Longanbach, died at the home of her son Martin, two miles west of Fremont on Sunday last, at the advanced age of 86 years. -

She was born in Foehringen, Wertenberg, Germany. Her maiden name was Anna Rauch. She came with her husband to America in 1836, lived six years in the State of New York, and then came to Sandusky county where she ever afterwards lived. Her husband died twenty-five years ago. She leaves four sons and four daughters, sixty-one grand-children and thirty-two great grand-children. The deceased was a member of the Lutheran: Church.

On Saturday evening, January 14, Sampson Immel departed this life at his late residence, Kingsway, O., after a brief illness of apoplexy, aged 65 years, 9 months and 29 days. His funeral was held Monday, Jan. 16, at the Salem Lutheran church, Fourmile house, conducted by Rey. W. A. Bowman, and was attended by a large number of relatives and friends. Interment in the cemetery near the church.

The deceased was born in Perry county, O., March 15, 1833. In his youth he moved with his , widowed mother to Crawford county, Ill., and when a young man removed to Ohio, locating in Sandusky county, where he spent the remainder of his days as an honored and respected citizen.

He was confirmed a member of the Salem church by Rev. H. Lang. In the year 1855 he was married with Miss Mary Elizabeth Reed. To them were born six children, five sons and one daughter.

Carmi G, Sanford, president of the Peoples' bank of Clyde, a _ pioneer settler and one of the best known residents of Sandusky county, died yesterday (Thursday) morning, after a few days' illness with congestion of the liver. Mr. Sanford was born in Ontario county, New York, December 28, 1818, and came with his parents to Townsend township, this county, in 1832. He resided on a farm in Townsend township until ten or twelve years ago, when he moved to Clyde and has since been prominently identified with the interests of that town. Mrs. Sanford died a couple of years ago. Three children survive.

Mr. Sanford was a prominent Whig, and a Republican since the organization of the party. He held the positions of township clerk, and justice of the peace; was county commissioner, and county infirmary director. He was Colonel of the 169th Regiment, O. V. I.; and was a Knight Templar Miason, which order. will probably have charge of his funeral. Col. Sanford will be greatly missed wherever he was known.

Mrs. Mary Smith, widow of the late Israel Smith and an old pioneer of Sandusky county, died Sunday, May 4, at ten o'clock, at the home of Norton Young in Ballville township. She was born in Pennsylvania in 1814 and came to Ohio with her parents when she was a child. They located in Sandusky county, where she has children, five of whom have preceded her to the spirit world. Six children, three sons and three daughters, survive her: Louis and William, in Green Creek township; Martin in Ballville township; Mrs. S. B. Rathbun, in Green Creek township; Mrs. Norton Young and Mrs. O. L. Maurer

Mrs. Smith was an earnest and devoted Christian, a member of the Mt. Lebanon U. B. church for a number of years, and later a member of the M. E. Church, Fremont, O. She was the last survivor of her father's family, who were among the early pioneers of Green Creek township.

The funeral services were held at Mt.. Lebanon church and cemetery conducted by Rev. John Baxter, pastor of the M. EH. Church, Green Spring, O. He spoke briefly from the text, "If a man die shall he live again?"

The remains were laid beside those of Adam Brunthaver, her first husband, as the remains of Rev. Smith had been laid beside those of his first wife in Oakwood Cemetery, Fremont.

The deceased was one of the pioneers of Ohio and Sandusky county. She was born in Fairfield county, Ohio, June 6th, 1807, and had she lived until Saturday would have been 78 years of age. Her maiden name was Mary Ann Reinig. At the age of sixteen she was baptized and confirmed in the Lutheran Church, of which she remained a faithful, earnest member until her death. In 1829 she was married to John G. Babione, who died April 9, 1875. Fifty-three years ago Mr. and Mis. Babione came to Sandusky county and settled on the farm where both resided until their death. The deceased was the mother of nine children, six of whom - five sons and one daughter - survive her, and also forty grand-children and ten great grand-children. Mrs. Babione had been bed-ridden for nearly ten years past, but bore her afflictions with Christian fortitude and was ready and willing to be called home. The funeral services,: conducted by the Rey. Henry Lang, were held in the Lutheran Church, in this city, Wednesday morning, and the remains interred in Oakwood Cemetery.

Isaac N, Halter died suddenly Tuesday morning, at his home in Ballville Tp. Mr. Halter was apparently in good health and about 10 o'clock went to the barn to perform some work and while there fell over and expired in a few moments. Heart disease was the cause of death. Mr. Halter was an old resident of this county and lived until a few years ago in this city. He was 65 years, 10 months and 24 days old.

7 months and 25 days old. Came to Fairfield county, Ohio, 1805 with his parents. He was married a second time A. D. 1828, in Fairfield county, Ohio. Emigrated thence to Wood county, in 1832. and settled near Perrysburg. Came to Sandusky Coun; ty in 1836, and _ settled on his farm in Sec. 3, Washington township, west of Hessville, on the Maumee and The land he then settled on is now owned by Messrs. Upperman and Schwartz. The Maumee road was not then Macadamized and was, in the fall and spring, simply an immense strip of mud through the wilderness.

Mr. Beery, however, had foresight and pluck. He stayed, improved his farm, opened a hotel there and did a good business for several years in that line. Subsequently he settled in Hessville and there for twentyfour consecutive years performed the duties of Justice of the Peace, with fidelity and ability. He was also township treasurer three terms and also was for a term County Commissioner of Sandusky county.

Mr. Beery lived to see the Black Swamp transformed from a_ wilderness to one of the finest agricultural districts in the State, and lent his help to perform the great work.

The character of Mr. Beery was always above reproach. Strictly truthful and honest in all his social and business intercourse with men, he aways enjoyed the confidence of those who knew him.

Mr. Beery was the father of fourteen children, five of whom with his wife survive him. Of these children two, namely, Capt. John V. Beery, well and widely known and esteemed, and Geo, W. Beery, one of the proprietors of the Seigel mill, reside in this city. Capt. Wm. Beery lives at Waldbridge, near Toledo. All three of these sons were soldiers in the Union army. Of the daughters, Mrs. Elizabeth Miesse resides at Decatur, Ind., and Mrs. Angeline Overmyer, near Hessville, O. Mr. Beery and his wife had lived together for over fiftyone years, and she although now past 70 years of age is enjoying excellent health.

About midnight Sunday, November 14, 1886, John G. Grant, one of the old settlers-in this vicinity, died at the residence of his son, James A. Grant, in this city, aged 84 years.

Mr. Grant was born in New Jersey in the year 1802, came to Ohio and settled in Salem, Columbiana county, about 1830, where he married Margaret Sherry. In 1848 he came to Sandusky county, first settling in Scott township, where he resided about four years and then moved to Ballville township. Mrs. Grant died in 1869. Nine children - seven sons and two daughters were born to him. Four of his sons entered the army; and the old gentleman wanted to go himself.

Hannah Wickham Morgan died at the residence of A. H. Balsley, Findlay, O., Sunday evening, September 26, 1886, aged 80 years, 7 months, and 8 days. She was the widow and second wife of William N. Morgan, who died in Fremont, September 20, 1866, aged 60 years, 7 months.

Hannah Wickham was born in Canada, February 18, 1806. Her parents afterward moved to Albion, N. Y. In 1845 she came to Lower Sandusky (now Fremont). August 4, 1847, in this city by Rev. F. S. White, she was married to William N. Morgan. August 30, 1847, she united with the Presbyterian Church, by letter from the Church in Albion, N. Y., remaining a member of the Church, and faithful in all her relations unto the day of her death. After the death ot Mr. Morgan she continued to reside in this city, until about 1880, when she went to Findlay to reside with her niece, the wife of A. H. Balsley of that city.

Mrs. Morgan was one of the best and kindest of women, and the savor of her useful and Christian character in all its daily and yearly rounds will be lovingly cherished by all who were so fortunate as to know her.

Morgan had no children of her own, but the faithful and motherly devotion bestowed upon the three daughters of her husband, and feeling their heart love and gratitude made her the happiest and most devoted of mothers. Her husband and _ the daughters passed to the spirit land and left her a mourner here. She was aunt to Col. Wm. E. Haynes of this city.

Her niece, Lucy Wickham, lived with her many years, and then married A. H. Balsley, of Findlay, in whose household her life work calmly and quietly closed.

Her funeral was attended from the residence of Mrs. E. E. Downs, the sister of her late husband, in Fremont, Tuesday afternoon, September 28, 1886, services by Rev. C. E. Barnes, the pastor of the Presbyterian Church, and her body was laid in the family lot in Oakwood Cemetery. F. S. White, Wm. B. Sheldon, A. H. Miller, John M. Smith, John P. Moore, Al M. Keeler, pallbearers. A. H. Balsey, Mr. Brown and Mrs. C. E. Niles, of Findlay, were present.

Died in Elmore February 17, 1887, Chester P. Easterly, aged sixty-three years, four months and twenty-one days. Deceased had been a resident of Elmore for thirty-two years.

Elleonor Gallant whose death occurred in this place on Thursday, Feb. 15th, was an old pioneer, having moved with her husband to this county when the country was practically a wilderness. They settled on a farm on Little Portage about six miles south of Port Clinton where they for many years underwent the hardships and trials common to pioneer life. In 18638, they moved to a farm east of Fremont when Mr. Gallant died a year later at the advanced age of 85. Mrs. Gallant was born in Belmont county. She was aged 86 years and 25 days at the time of her death. For the past three years she has resided with her son, Mr. Geo. Gallant. Her remains were buried beside that of her husband, in the cemetery east of Fremont. - Elmore Tribune,

Captain James H. Hafford died at the National Soldiers' Home, at Dayton, Ohio, March 12, 1886, after years of suffering from paralysis. The funeral services were held at the residence of Wm. B. Sheldon in this city, on Monday, March 15th, and were conducted by Hugene A. Rawson Post, G. A. R. Post Commander, John L. Greene, read the following sketch of Captain Hlafford's life:

Captain James H. Hafford was born at Hoosick Falls, N. Y., September 12, 1816. The deceased came to Lower Sandusky (now Fremont) with his father, Judge Samuel Hafford, in 1835. He was one of the pioneer settlers of Sandusky county. He was married January 11th, 1838, to Miss Flora Williams, a sister of Mr. Ami Williams, of this city, which union was blessed by six children, two of whom survive him, Mrs. Helen S. Reed, of Trenton, Missouri, whose presence attests her love and devotion to a kind and indulgent father, whose death our country mourns to-day, and J. W. Hafford, of Columbus, Ohio. Mrs. Hafford died July 25, 1852. Two brothers and three sisters yet remain to mourn the loss of a true and affectionate brother, Mrs. Eveline Tindall and Mrs. Wm. B. Sheldon, of this city; Mrs. Louisa Colby, of Ballville; Samuel Hafford, of San Francisco, California, and Warren G. Hafford, of Ballville.

Comrade Lacy, of his Regiment, who is an officer at the Home, accompanied his remains to this city. He says that our comrade prayed for death to relieve him of his suffering, and that our comrades were present when his voice was silenced and his lips were sealed for eternity.

of Masonry saved his life - it secured for him medical care and attention after being wounded and a prisoner of war at Macon, Georgia. He was always a sealous advocate of its principles, and one of its most devoted members.

For more than thirty-five years he worthily wore the links of Friendship, Love and Truth, having been a member of Croghan Lodge, No. 77, 1.0. O. F., of Fremont, since June 10, 1848.

In the hour of conflict and death, when the Union was hanging in the balance of doubt, and patriots were disheartened, Captain MHafford responded to his country's call. He entered the service October 6, 1862, as Lieutenant of Company G, 10th O. V. C., then commanded by Col. Wm. E. Haynes, of this city. For meritorious conduct he was promoted to Captain and assigned to Company M. He was discharged from service May 26, 1865.

During the war he was wounded and taken prisoner while leading a charge and attempting to capture' a Rebel fort at Macon, Georgia. He was soon exchanged and returned to his command, where he remained until the close of the war.

'On the 9th day of November, 1875, Captain Tlafford married Miss Nannie D. Butts, of Columbus, O., whose wifely devotion to her helpless husband, and to our invalid comrade worthily entitles her to the sympathy of every soldier of the Republic, in this hour of her sad bereavement.

The Grand Army of the Republic, of which the deceased was an honored and respected member, and at whose request this Post officiates to-day, and grants to our dead comrade the honors of a soldier's burial, is the child of war. Right was its father, Justice its mother and Patriotism its religion.

millions will come to lodge in its branches. Those branches will spread so broad and long that in the ground of truth the bended twig will take root, and sons and daughters grow about the parent tree, affording shade to the graves of our dead comrades. And upon its' massive stems, hign Over its arched and echoing walks, in the silent city of the dead, will hang the harp of patriotism, which, when touched by the Angels of Peace, will forever vibrate its Heavenly music to the memory of our patriot dead.

Thursday afternoon April 29, a telegram was received from Cleveland by the relatives of Isaac Dryfoos, stating that he had suddenly expired at the residence of his son Nathan I. Dryfoos, 841 Woodland avenue.

Mr, Dryfoos and his wife went to Cleveland, Friday, April 23, with the intention of conferring with some of the noted physicians of that city in regard to his health and to obtain relief from the disease - enlargement of the spleen - with which he was suffering. Thursday afternoon he began to feel worse and died an hour or so later.

Mr. Dryfoos was born October 21, 1826, in Marienthal Rheinpfalz, Bavaria, and at the time of his death was 60 years, 6 months and 7 days old. He came to this country in 1848, and to this city in 1849 and in 1851 opened a clothing store, in which business he continued until a few years ago. In 1855 Mr. Dryfoos married Miss Sarah Schwarzenberg at Tiffin and for a number of years resided on Front street but about a year ago moved to the residence built by his son, corner Birchard avenue and Main street. The deceased leaves his widow and eight children, Mrs. Julius Feiss, Mrs. Myer Weil, Mr. N. I. Dryfoos who are now living in Cleveland; Mrs. Chas. Doblin, New York City; Mrs. Chas. M. Miller, Mansfield; and the Misses Fannie, Stella and Minnie Dryfoos who live at home.

- The funeral services were held at the residence of Nathan I. Dryfoos -and conducted by Rabbi Hahn of the Huron street Synagogue and the remains were interred in the Jewish Cemetery in Cleveland. According to the wish of Mrs. Dryfoos only the relatives and near friends attended. These present from this city were the brothers of the deceased, Messrs. Marcus and Simon Dryfoos and their wives, Mr. and Mrs. G. Bach, N. S. Dryfoos, I. M. Dryfoos, Miss Helen Dryfoos, Julius and Adolph Teutor, Mr, Abraham Gusdorf, Mr. A. H. Miller, Mr. and Mrs. S. Ryan and J. Keller.

Services conducted by Rev. H. Lang were held on Friday. Interment in Washington Cemetery. Many friends and neighbors, six children and twenty-four grandchildren, three of whom attended the burial of both their grandmothers on that day, mourn her death.

Elizabeth Benner. She was born in New Berlin, Pa., in 1829, and moved with her parents to Lower Sandusky (now Fremont) in 1843. She was married to Adam Hensel in 1848, and had seven children, two sons and five daughters, five of whom survive her. She was a consistent member of the

German Reformed Church. Her character was one of heroism and loyalty under all trying circumstances; undemonstrative, yet a firm believer in Divine guidance and power.

The deceased contracted blood poisoning five years ago, in the administration of medicine, the final result of which was a malignant tumor which caused her death. The close of her life was a triumph over all skepticism. Her last words were "Jesus is here, I am saved," and tried to help sing

Daniel Seaman was born December 25, 1807, in Alexander, Huntington county, New Jersey, He was married August 2, 1829, at Richmond, Pennsylvania, to Catherine Gross, and came to Sandusky county, February 12, 1835, where he has since resided - a period of almost 52 years. Seven children were born to them, three are dead, four - Benjamin D. Seaman; Susan I., wife of T. H. Bush; Louisa, wife of Daniel Bunnell, and Hmma Seaman, all live in this city. In 1879 this worthy couple celebrated their golden wedding. Mrs. Seaman, a few months older than her husband, still survives. Kent Seaman, of Toledo, O., and Mrs. Charles Clapp, of Clyde, are the only living brother and sister of the deceased.

virtues and the faults of his kind. He kept his word and fulfilled his promises as fairly as his fellows - albeit, his words were sometimes not soft or pious. His impulses came promptly to the surface and found instant expression. The obligations of duty to man and God were sometimes vividly impressed. He belonged to the class of old citizens now remembered by a few only, among whom may be named Judge Howland and Father Hawkins. Let us think of whatever was kind and worthy and forget his faults. May the final Judge be merciful to him and to us."