Sandusky Township (part 39 of 57)

In 1875 Mr. Huntington married Rosa Durst of Hancock County. Of their children, all are living except Edward. Delia is the wife of S. M. Decker of Mortimer, Hancock County; Lilly is Mrs. Emanuel Carmine of Beardstown, Ohio, and has a son Silas ; Franklin Allen lives in Allen Township and by his marriage to Debby Baker has three daughters, Dorothy, Catherine and Marjorie; Charles Anthony, living in Allen Township, manned Edna Hall and has three children, Stanley, Roseanna and Ellis H. ; Mary is the wife of Paul Hosman of Akron ; Harley James, Fannie Amelia, and Ada are still at home with their parents.

As a youth Mr. Huntington showed exceptional natural talent for the handling of horses and other livestock and doctoring them when ill. Thus in early years he did a great deal of amateur veterinary surgery, and finally took the veterinary course at the Toronto Veterinary College, received an averaEre of ninetyfour per cent in his examinations and was granted a diploma as a competent and thoroughly trained veterinary surgeon. He has practiced his profession all over Hancock County for the past eighteen years and practically all the farmers and stockmen in this

Mr. Huntington is a democrat in politics. He filled the office of town trustee two terms and in 1915 was elected for a two-year term as mayor of Van Buren. He is a member of the First Presbyterian Church and of the Knights of the Maccabees.

Lewis E. jMillee, who is now filling the office of county clerk of Putnam County, is a veteran educator and was widely known for his efficient services as a schoolmaster in Putnam and in other counties of the state before entering upon his present duties at the courthouse in Ottawa.

Mr. Miller was born in Allen County, Ohio, February 29, 1860. His parents were Jacob and Barbara (Roeder) Miller. Barbara Miller, mother of L. E. Miller, was the daughter of Michael and Barbara Roeder, who were among the pioneers of Allen County, having settled in that county about 1837. Jacob Miller, a native of Germany, on coming to America located in Allen County, Ohio, and for several years followed his trade as a cabinet maker. Eventually he took up the business of farming, and for many years resided on a well improved place of eighty acres in Allen County and through the tilling of the soil, combined with a good business practice, he provided well for his family and home. He died in Allen County in 1898. He was a Christian in every sense of the word, and very active in the Lutheran Church.

Of the family of ten children, eight are still living, and Lewis E. was the fourth in age. His early life was spent on a farm, and he attended the ' district schools of Allen County mitil his eighteenth year. After that he lived at home with his father until he was twenty-five, but in the meantime had taught a number of terms. School work was congenial to him, and he made a more than average success of the profession. He taught many schools both in Allen and Putnam counties, and since 1880 his home has been in Putnam County.

In 1911 Mr. Miller accepted a clerical post in the office of secretary of state at Columbus, and resided in that city for four years. In 1914 he was elected clerk of courts of Putnam County, and the administration of that office has received his complete time and attention ever since. Mr. Miller is a courteous public official, is systematic and thorough in keeping the records of the office, and has made his

3Ir. 3Iiller is a stanch democrat and has for many yesn's been a leader in his party iu Putnam County. He is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.

On November 27, 1885, at Columbus Grove, Ohio, he married lliss Waif Rimer, of Columbus Grove. They are the parents of three children: Clarence C, who married Aiiua Boegel, of Lima, Ohio ; Wanda Wauketa, who died at the age of twenty-two and was a successful teacher and an accomplished pianist; and Frances Fredericka, who married Leland Good of Allen County.

C. Locke Curtis has been a resident of Toledo for many years, and is almost equally well known iu the newspaper field and insurance circles. He is district agent for the Aetna Life Insurance Company, with offices in the Ohio Building. For many years he was connected with the Toledo Blade and other Toledo papers.

'Mr. Curtis was boru in Cayuga County, New York, September 2, 1860. His father, Jolm A. Locke, was also a native of New York and is now deceased, while the mother is living at the age of eighty-four.

The second in the family of three children, C. Locke Curtis, had the finest of home advantages and a liberal education as his preparation for a career of usefulness. He attended tlie public schools and in 1883 graduated A. B. from Cornell University, located in his native county. He took up the study of law. His purpose to make a lawyer of himself was defeated by the earnest admonitions of his uncle,' who pointed out the long road he would have to travel and the constant battle to keep the wolf from the door before he could attain any degree of eminence in the profession. J\Ir. Curtis therefore desisted from his studies and accepted his uncle's advice to enter the field of .journalism.

Mr. Curtis became a member of the reportoi'ial staff of the Toledo Blade. He found it congenial work and his youthful enthusiasm soon promoted him to larger responsibilities. He served a.s city editor of the Blade until 1889, then went for a time with another paper, and iu 1890 did his first work as a life insurance solicitor. He solicited insurance for three years, but in 1895 resumed his post as city editor of the Blade and was connected with that j^aper until

1908, when he again took up life insurance as district agent for the Aetna Life Insurance Company. He ha.s done much to build up the business of that company in Toledo and ad.joining territorj-, and his name is associated with the strongest insurance men in this part of the state.

I\Ir. Curtis is a member of the Toledo Commerce Club, the Toledo Life Underwriters Association, and throughout his residence in the city has manifested a deep concern in all movements for civic betterment and improvement.

E. B. Smith has played a varied and important part in affairs at Fremont for many years. He is a lawyer by profession, having "been admitted to the Ohio bar over thirtyfive years ago, but his practice has been much interrupted by the pressure of business affairs, and he is hardly known at all in the court rooms and in the trial of cases. He has been very successful in the handling of oil interests, and is essentially a business man.

Mr. Smith was born at Green Springs in Sandusky County, Ohio, April 1, 1851. He is a son of Samuel H. and Charlotte (Van Sickle) Smith, both of whom are natives of New Jersey, where they grew up and married and soon afterward came west to Sanduslrv County, Ohio. Samuel H. Smith had learned the tailoring trade in the East, but did not follow it long. On coming to Ohio he opened a small stock of general merchandise at Green Springs. That was the nucleus and the starting point of a very successful business career. In the course of time he had a very large store and numerous other interests. He also conducted a bank at Green Springs, had a grain elevator, and for a nmnber of years was a pork packer. He traded extensively in farm produce, and tlinuirh he never aspired to political distiiictinii lie was one of the most important men in and around Green Springs. He was a repulilican as a voter, he and his wife were active in the Methodist Episcopal Church, and his life was distingiii-shed by the quality of effort which he put into it without lielp or influence from the outside. He and his wife had eight children, seven of whom are still living.

The third among these childi'en, E. B. Smith, grew up in the Town of Green Springs, attended the district school there and also had a course in the college at Berea, Ohio, and in the State University of Nebraska. Much of the liusiness enterprise that characterized his fatlier was early manifest in his own career. Wlien a young man he became a contractor for the building of railroads. He assi.sted in constructing the Wheeler & Lake Erie Road from Bellevue to Fremont, and also the Nickel Plate line from Fort Seneca to Bellevue. He did some contracting with other roads. In the meantime he had begun the study of law in a private nftiee at Fremont, and was qualified and admitlcd to the bar in 1881. For sevi'r:d years he gave much of his time to privatt- practice, but when the oil development was at its height he turned to that business and from it has made his chief financial success. He now gives most of his time to handling his oil interests. He is also at tlie head of the Fremont Kraut factory and nearly every enterprise with which he has lieeu identified has been a paying venture.

Mr. Smith was married November 3, 1887, to Miss Crissie Renick, daughter of John and Amanda (Buckle) Renick. Her father was born in Kentucky and her mother in Xenia, Ohio. For man.y years her father followed farming near Circleville. Ohio, and his family of seven children grew up in that locality. Besides Mrs. Smith three of the children are still living. The Renick family is an old and prominent one. Mrs. Smith's great-grandfather, John Renick, fought as a soldier in the War of tlic Revolution and tlirough that ancestry Mrs. Smith has mcniliership in the Daughters of the American Revolution. The Renieks are Scotch-Irish, and they came to Virginia from England in colonial times. Mrs. Smith's grandfather. Thomas Renick. was liorn in Virginia, went from there to Kentucky and thence to Ohio, and early in the War of 1812 he raised a company and served as its captain. He fought at Fort ^Mcigs and at other places in the northwestern territury. ]\Irs. Smith's maternal grandparents were Rev. Abraham and Sarah CKing) Buckle, the former a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church and of Virginia stock.

^Ir. Smith has one son, Renick Smith, who was born in 1889 and is now business assistant to his father. Mrs. Smith and her sou are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, ilr. Smith is a republican without any further jiolitieal a.spirations than his father showed. He was the first chancellor commander of Fremont Lodge No. 204 of the Knights of Pythias, and is also a member of the Indeliendent Order of Odd Fellows.

the office of county surveyor and engineer of Wood County, the incumbent of which office is ]Mr. John F. Gallier. IMr. Gallier is a civil engineer by training and has followed his profession for thirteen years, most of the time in some line of public service in Wood County. He was first appointed county engineer and surveyor by the board of county commissioners in 1907 to fill a vacane.y. He served timt term until 1909. In 1914 he was elected to the office on the republican ticket, and was re-elected in 1916. His second term begins in 1917.

In the meantime, from 1909 to 1914, Mr. Gallier was city engineer of Bowling Green. He filled that office three terms by as many appointments from the mayors of the city. As county engineer Mr. Gallier has the supervision and the technical control of all the publie works carried on either through the agencies of the township, count}' or .state in Wood County. The administration of many details connected with these improvements and public works is of itself a vital and important function and involves an enormous amount of technical detail.

While the county was quite well ditched and drained when he came into office, ilr. Gallier has put in about forty miles of new ditches and has improved about 160 miles of old ditches. He also built about 250 miles of new pike road in the county, and this is the largest mileage at any similar period in the history of the county. The turnpike roads are well apportioned among the various townships, and altogether Wood County now has more than 800 miles of good hard surface roads. Of ditching, in the size which comes under Mr. Gallier's supervision, there are now 1,200 miles, in addition to thousands of miles of smaller and individual laterals b.y which Wood County surface waters are thoroughlj' drained and the agricultural lands redeemed to cultivation. '

Mr. Gallier has spent most of his life in Wood County. He is still a young man, about thirty-nine, and was born in Lucas County, Ohio. When he was four years of age he was brought by his parents to Center Township of Wood County. He is a son of Alfred G. and Mary (Jones) Gallier, both natives of England. His father was born in Hertfordshire in 1848 and his mother in Wales. As her name indicates, she is of Welsh family. The Galliers were French originally, probably Huguenots, who left France on account of religious persecution and settled in Southern England. Alfred G. Gallier was married near his native home in England and two years later immigi-ated to the United States. He lived in Toledo for some years and as an expert gardener was employed by the Brunson estate seven years. In 1882 he removed to Center Township of Wood County and bought the farm where he and his wife still reside. Since buying this place they have surrounded themselves with all the comforts and conveniences of life. There is natural gas to light and heat their home, and an automobile to carry them about over the fine country roads. Both parents still retain much of the vigor of their earlier years, and having reared their family and liberally trained them they have every reason to take their declining years in comfort and leisure. They are life long members of the 'Episcopal Church and the father is a republican who has held some of the local offices in this county. John F. Gallier was the third in a family of ten children, and the vigorous stock is indicated by the fact that all are .still living and all are married except one son and one daughter.

John F. Gallier received his early education in the common schools of Center Township. He afterwards entered the Ohio Northern University at Ada, where he specialized largely in engineering and M'as graduated in 1904. He was married at Perrysburg in Wood County to Miss Jessie Meeker, who was born in Liberty Township of Wood County. Mrs. Gallier is just four years younger than her husband. She was well educated and has proved not only an industrious homemaker but a wise counselor to her hu.sband. Both are active members of the Methodisi Episcopal Church, in which he is on the oificial board. Mr. Gallier is past chaneelor of Lodge No. 148, Knights of Pythias, at Bowling Green, and is also a member of Bowling Green Lodge No. 818 of the Benevolent and Protective Orde'- -of Elks.

Charles D. Yonkee, secretary of the Bowling Green Commercial Club Company and president of the Wood County Fair Company, is a veteran business man of "that city and has spent practically all his life in its environs.

Mr. Yonker has been secretary of the Commercial Club since its organization. This club is an incorporated companv. The date of its incorporation was Januarv* 11, 1910. Its capital stock is $10,000. At first the organization was something in the nature of a board of trade, but subsequently its purposes and objects were broadened and its object is now stated as a means of promoting the best interests of all who live in the city, including the inducement for new factoi'ies and industries to locate there, and generally to make the town a better place to live in. Its membership is composed of business and profe.ssional men, and in fact public spirited citizens generally, and there are now approximately 200 members. The membership list is in fact a directory of the progressive, enterprising and public spirited citizens of Bowling Green.

The first president of the club was B. A. Gramm, and the present officers are: J. H. Lincoln, president; Judge E. M. Fries, vice president; C. B. Eberly, treasurer; and Mr. C. D. Yonker, -who has served continuously as secretary from the beginning. The nine directors, well known local citizens, are: J. B. Baird, Dr. F. D. Hallack, S. F. Canary, J. N. Easley, F. P. Riegle, James English, F. H. Prieur, Robert Place and J. E. Ladd.

Much practical work has been done by this organization since it was instituted. Perhaps the most conspicuous benefit conferred upon the community was in securing the location of Bowling Green as a site for the State Normal School. A]iother benefit is a branch of the H. J. Heinz System of his fifty-seven varieties which is the largest in the United States outside of his main plant.

Mr. Yonker was born near Bowling Green in Wood County, August 10, 1855. In 1866 the family moved into the city, and after a ^ather brief education in the local schools Mr. Yonker began clerking in a local drug store. That experience opened the way for his first independent activities as a business man and in 1889 he established the Yonker Drug Store at tne corner of Main and Wooster Streets, now the home of the Wood County Savings Bank. Mr. Yonker continued in the drug Inisiness and finally sold his store about the time he took up insurance work. He has been engaged in the insurance business for the past sixteen years, with offices in the Yonker Block on West Wooster Street. His connection with this company has been continuous for fourteen years. For two years Mr. Yonker was also ti-aveling passenger agent for the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dajrton Railway Company.

His ancestors had their home in Holland, where the name was spelled Youngkers. The immigrant ancestor was his great-grandfather, who after coming to America lived in Pennsylvania, where he died. Among his children was Charles Yonker, grandfather of the Bowling Green business man. Charles Yonker was born in Pennsylvania, married a native of that state, and was an early settler in Columbiana County, Ohio. His wife died there several years later and early in the '50s he moved to Wood County and established a home at Prairie Depot, where he cleared up and developed a farm. During the early '60s he bored the first well for gas in Wood County. Lack of equipment prevented the success of this early experiment. It was impossible to sink the bore far enough to strike the gas stratum. Charles Yonker and his second wife ^pent the rest of their lives in Wood County, and he and both his wives iirc lnirii-il in Oak Grove Cemetery. In these earli.r --iicrntions some of the family were and others were Lutherans. Charles Yonker was a democrat. Four of his sons, Henry H., John, Edward and.iladison, did their loyal part as soldiers of the Union during the Civil war. They all went out from Wood County and all were in Company C of the One Hundred and Forty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. They saw much active service, and after the war returned to Wood County and spent their lives there. These four old soldiers are now at rest in the cemetery at Bowling Green.

Henry H. Yonker, father of Charles D., was born at Fairfield, Ohio, September 23, 1830. He attended local schools and became a skilled cabinet and wood worker. He followed his trade in Medina County, where he married Mary Gunsaulis. She had come to that county with her parents from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. In 1856 Henry Yonker moved to the wilds of Center Township in Wood County. He went through all the hardships and experiences connected with establishing a farm and home in the woods, and after ten years he removed to Bowling Green and in association with Captain Kitchen and IMr. Lindsley established a planing and sawmill. Tliis plant turned out large quantities of building supplies of all kinds. Besides his part in the management of the mill, Henry Yonker continued work at his trade as cabinetmaker. One of the important services of the cabinetmaker at tliat time was the making of caskets. It was not customary' for undertakers to carrja supply of coffins as at present, and the casket was Tisually manufactured by a local cabinetmaker for the immediate occasion. In this trade and through his various business activities Henry Yonker lived an exceedingly profitable life. He died in Bowling Green,

November 6, 1900, at the age of seventy. His wife, who was born September 19, 1834, passed away in May, 1904. She was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Henry Yonker was long affiliated with Wiley Post of the Grand Army of the Republic and was a republican in politics. The children of this worthy couple were: Charles D., John L., Sarah, Dr. Lewis L., Frank C. and Arthur H. The son John L. was accidentally killed in a hotel elevator at Van Wert, Ohio, in 1889, when thirty years of age and unmarried. Sarah was the wife of Edward Sears, and both are now deceased, two children surviving them, Sherman and Foster. The son Frank C. was killed in an automobile accident at Toledo, Februaiy 4, 1910. He was then forty-four years of age and is survived by his widow and only daughter, El Leen, who live in Bowling Green, the daughter being a student in the local high school. Arthur H. is in the real estate and life insurance business at Fostoria, Ohio, is man-ied but has no living children.

Dr. Lewis L. Yonker, brother of Charles D., gi-aduated from the Dental School of Vanderbilt University at Na.shville, Tennessee, with the class of 1888. He began practice at Bowling Green and for thirty years has been the leading dentist of the city. In 1892 he built the Yonker Block on West Wooster Street. He is prominent in dental associations, being a member of the County, State and National Dental societies, and was formerly a member for one term of four years for the last two years has been secretary of the Ohio State Dental Board. Doctor Yonker was married in Cincinnati to Belle Goldamer, a daughter of Rev. Julius Goldamer, a Jewish rabbi, who was closely associated with and intimate friend of the noted Rabbi Wise, formerly of Cincinnati and later of New York. M!rs. Yonker has long been prominent in Wood County educational affairs. She was formerly a school principal and for some years past has served as a member of the Board of School Examiners.

Mr. Charles D. Yonker married in Bowling Green, in 1875, Rebecca L. Leonard. Mrs. Yonker was born in Seneca County, Ohio, but was reared and educated near Bowling Green. She also taught school for a time. Their oldest child. Pearl ^l., born in 1876, graduated from the Bowling Green High School and is now the wife of Fred E. Kershner, a baker at Delphos, Ohio. Earl B., bom in 1882, is a graduate of the Bowling Green High School and is now connected with the Childs Restau-

Mr. Yonker and his brother Doctor Yonker are .both prominent members of the Knights of Pythias lodge at Bowling Green. Mr. Yonker is a charter member, having joined the organization thirty-four yeai'S ago. He has served as chancellor commander of the order. He and his brother are also members of the Associated Post of Wiley Post, Grand Army of the Republic at Bowling Green. Mr. Yonker has been a vigorous and influential republican and has served on all the county and local committees of the party.

Charles Bruce McKinney. It is the fortune of some men to live long enough to witness mighty changes, greater than ever visioned by them during the days of their forceful, ambitious youth. However, all of those who make up this class do not have the siitisfai'tiiiii of knowing that they have borne tliiir part in the development of their cominiuiitii's, for it takes more than the desire to do good and accomplish something worth while. In order to attain the best results an individual must have the capability, energj^ and aptness to either direct compelling forces or carry out the ideas of directing power. One of the representative men of Wood County, whose services in relation to oil development have made his name widely and prominenth' known, is Charles Bruce ]\Ie- Kinney, who has been a resident of the Pemberville community for a quarter of a century, and who is now living retired after a career devoted unreservedly and successfully to the oil industry.

Charles Bruce ]\IcKinney was born about one mile from Seneca. Venango County, Pennsylvania, April 15, 1837, a son of Samuel and Raehael (McKinny) McKinnej^ and comes of Revolutionary stock on both the paternal and maternal sides of the family. His paternal grandfather, who passed practically his entire life in Center County, Pennsylvania, as a farmer, was a private in the patriot army during the winning of American independence, and his maternal gi-andfather Dunn also an agi'iculturist by vocation, lived in Westmoreland Comity and held the rank of general in the same struggle. Samuel McKinney was born in Center County, Pennsylvania, in 1790 or 1791, and grew to manhood in that community, where he was married to Raehael Mc- Kinny, who in spite of having thfe same name was no relative. Samuel McKinney was a volunteer soldier during the War of 1812, and among other engagements was in the battle of Lake Erie, whei'e he performed so gallantly that he was voted a medal by his state, accompanying which was a letter of commendation of his valiant services. In 1833 he took his family across the mountains into Venango County, Pennsylvania, where he settled on a farm, and there rounded out a useful and industrious life, dying in 1871, when in the neighborhood of eighty-four years of age. Mrs. McKiime.y survived him until 1892 and was well advanced in years at the time of her demise. Tlfty were consistent members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and active in its work, and Mr. McKinney was a republican from the time that party was organized. Of their twelve children, eleven grew to maturit.y, ten married and four are still living, these being: Frances, the widow of a Mr. Bruce and now eighty-five years of age; Samuel H., now retired at the age of eighty-three years, a well-to-do and prominent citizen of Venango County, Pennsylvania, where for many years he was engaged in agrieultnral and oil operations in Cranberry ToT^^lship, married, and the father of fifteen children ; Amelda, of Oil City, Pennsylvania, widow of A. J. Gates, has children and many descendants in various parts of the Keystone State; and Charles Bruce.

Charles Bruce McKinney was educated in the public schools of Venango County, PeunsylvHiiia, and also in Alleghany Cijilege at ^Feadville, Pa., and grew to manhood on his fatlier's farm. It was in 185S, when he had just reached his majority, that oil was first discovered there, -n-ithin ten miles of his home, and his sight of the first well was the deciding factor in changing the whole course of his career. The fii-st well at Oil City held a strong attraction for him, and he at once decided that his success would be made in that field of endeavor and he was not long in securing an interest in a well in his home community. His success in his initial venture proved encouraging, and he went along steadily in Venango County, sinking many wells and producing much oil, until 1892. By that time he had become convinced that Ohio offered a better field for his operations and he accordingly came to Wood County and located at Bradner, where he remained about one .year, then removing to Pemberville, which has since been his home. Here he soon became one of the most prominent and active operators in this field, sinking as many as

100 wells, a number of which he himself located. Perhaps his greatest producer was on the Tomb farm in Seueea County, Ohio, a gusher which produced over 70,000 barrels of oil. While he is now retired from active pursuits, he is still the owner of a number of properties, and holds fast to the faith that any man who legitimately stays with the oil producing business during his life time will ultimately reap a handsome competence and be able in his declining years to enjoy the comforts of life, as IMr. McKinney is now doing. Few men have been better known in this field of endeavor, not alone in Wood, but in Sandusky, Seneca and other eoixuties of Ohio, and in Pennsylvania, and no man has enjoyed in greater degree the confidence and respect of his fellowmen. His life has been one characterized by straightforward and honorable dealing, and his integi'ity has never been questioned.

IMr. McKinney was married IMarch 16, 1870, at Enterprise, Warren County, Pennsylvania, to Miss Anna L. Brandon, ^^ho was born in Schenectady, New York, September 10, 18.50, and there reared and educated. In young womanhood slie went to Pennsylvania, where she met and married Mr. McKinney, and has since proved a helpful and willing partner in his career, a faithful wife and a devoted mother. They became the parents of the following children: Herbert E., an oil operator at TifSn, Seneca County, Ohio, married Frances Edna Patton, a Wood County girl, and has three children, Rus.sell, Louise and Charles; Jennie, who is the wife of H. L. Bacon, of tlie Electric Oil Refining Company of Toledo, and lias a son, Bruce H. ; and Raymond B., associated in the oil business with his brother at Tiffin, Ohio, married iliss May Bruning, of Pemberville, and has three children, William, Eleanor and Samuel. Mr. and Mrs. McKinney also reared Mrs. ilcKinney's nephew, II. L. Brandon, now manager of the National Supply Company of Electra, Texas. He married Gladys Dennis and has a son, Herbert Lloyd, Jr. IMr. and Mrs. ]\IcKiuney are members of the Presbyterian Church. His political views make him a republican.

in the hniiil)!*' cinMiiiistiiiiccs of irspectable poverty. Hard work has tnrneti tlic scale in his favor and he is at once one of the oldest and best known citizens of Tiffin, where he

He was born in Germany December 15, 1828, a son of Phillip " and Elizabeth (Schmidt) Grummel. His parents sj^ent all their lives in Germany. His father was a laboring man. Phillip was one of four children l)y liis father's second wife. He has one living sister, Lizzie, who is now a widow living at Lima.

ilr. Grummel received a very limited education in Germany. When he arrived at TifBn, Ohio, he brought nothing with him except unlimited energy and a willingness to work. For several years he was emijloyed as a da.v laborer. After five years, having by earnest ett'ort accumulated a very modest capital, he engaged in the saloon business and from that went into a grocery store, following wliicli he was again a saloon man, and then became a liardware merchant. Through these ventures he had accumulated considerable capital. He went on the bond of a local brewery for the sum of $6,500 and on a note for .$1,500, making a total of $8,000, and finally had to take over the property and manage it himself. The Tiffin Brewery has been in the hands of the Grummel family ever since 1888, but it is now the iiroju'i-ty and under the management of Mr. Grummel 's children. Mr. Grummel's lousiness record at Tiffin covers all the years .since 1859.

In 1857, three years after coming to this city, he married Elizabeth Bower, who was boi'n in Germany and died at their home in Tiffin in January, 1913. Ten children were born to them, eight of wliom are living. Fred is in the hardware "business at Tiffin: John is in the brewery at Tiffin; Henry is in the local brewery; Albert is the manager of the brewery; Otto is in the brewery; Mary married Jack Haggerty, of Toledo, Ohio- Tillie married William Hartzel and lives in Upper Sandu.sky, Ohio; and Cora is at home with her father. The two deceased children of Mr. and Mrs. Grummel were Phillip and William. Phillip was for some years in the hardware business and afterwards associated with his father in the brewery. He married IMayme Zipful and had one child, Eugene, now of Toledo, Ohio. William died at the age of two years.

]\Ir. Grummel is an active member of the Second Reformed Church. He possesses the German love of music and possessing a good voice was identified with local musical affairs for manv vears. Politicallv he is a democrat.

Mr. Gruinmers mother died when he was ten years of age. His father married again, and was soon stricken with tuberculosis. At that time young Phillip was sixteen years old and had to work early and late to keep up his sister and father. He had none of the usual pleasures and recreations of the average boy and life became steadily serious with him at an early age. Along with industry he has kept an incorruptible character for honesty and has eminently deserved his steady promotion from the ranks of day laborer to the position of a wealthy man. At one time he owned three different business enterprises. At another time he was in debt to the extent of $45,000, but there was never a time when he did not have confidence in himself and his ability to pay out in full. Mr. Grummel is owner of a large amount of city property in Tiffin and in other places, including a farm of sixty acres near Tiffin. His own home, at the corner of Perry and Sandusky streets, is one of the most comfortable in the city.

Curtis Miller Wiselky is sole proprietor of Wiseley & Company, hay, grain and general produce dealers in Findlay. Mr. Wiseley has built up a large and prosperous business. He became connected with this line a number of years ago as a partner and gradually acquired entire control.

He does a general commission business handling fruits and produce, hay and grain, his specialty Ijeing hay. The business is located at 219 Broadway in Findlay.

Mr. Wisele.y represents old and prominent families in this section of Ohio. His parents, Daniel S. and Elizabeth (Miller) Wiseley, were successful farmers in Marion Township of Hancock County. The first ancestor of the name George Wiseley came from Scotland about 1700 and located in Pennsylvania. Mr. Wiseley 's ancestors are Scotch on both sides. His grandfather, William Wiseley, moved from Pennsylvania to Ohio, locating east of Carroll in Fairfield County, and cleared up a tract of Government land, living a number of years in a log cabin, the material of wliich pioneer structure is still in use. Another ancestor,- Allen Wiseley, conducted a tannery at Findlay as early as 1809, when the entire village comprised only thirteen cabins. Mr. Wiseley is also descended from Major Bright, who came to Hancock County on horseback in 1909.

liad the advantages of the eountiy schools plus one tenn in Findlay College. When he was fifteen years of age he was working out among the neighboring farmers and earning his own living and that was his chief experience and vocation until he was nineteen. In 1891 Jlr. Wiseley went to the Far West, and spent one year in California working on ranches and as a section hand.

He was still working for others when at the age of twenty-three he married Miss Effie E. Bright, daughter of Charles and Catherine (Carnes) Bright. They were married in 1896. Mrs. Wiseley is also of a Marion Township family, and while her parents were Brights, and Mr. Wiseley is related to the Brights on his father's mother's side, there is no blood relation between Mrs. Wiseley and her husband. I\Ir. and Mrs. Wiseley are the parents of a household of children whose names and ages are: Evelyn Bright, boi-n in 1898; Catherine Elizabeth, born in 1901; Ruth, bom in 1905; Dorothy, bom in 1908; Charles Robert, bom in 1914; and Richard Allen, born in 1916.

After his marriage Mr. Wiseley became an oil worker and had an extensive experience over Ohio and other fields, being employed in that line for six years. He then went with D. C. Davis, grain and commission merchants at the same location in Findlay, where j\Ir. Wiseley now conducts his business. He was with that firm until 1909, when he bought an interest and subsequently acquired the entire business. He now employs between ten and twenty-five men and the volume of trade aggi-egates $250,000 a year. Success has come to him by hard work and the faculty of making use of his experience and enlarging upon his opportunities.

Mr. Wiseley is one of the well considered citizens of Findlay, is a republican in politics, a member of the Commercial Travelers Association and of Lodge No. 400 of the Knights of Pythias. He and his family attend the Howard Methodist Episcopal Church.

Carl F. Steinle, active head of the Steinle Construction Company of Fremont, is one of the ablest and most successful building engineers in Northwest Ohio. The business of which he is now the head was founded and for many years conducted by his father and uncle.

gauization and the discipliued facilities of the company in handling some of the largest building contracts in and around Fremont. The resources of the company are adequate to the fulfillment of contracts of almost any size or character. The business has been brought to a high state of efficiency. Hundreds of smaller buildings have been erected, and some of the more important contracts might be mentioned as follows: The $35,000 plant of the Deissel Wemmer Cigar Company at Delphos ; the Pike School, at Bellevue, costing .$35,000 ; the $100,000 high school at "Delphos ; the $30,000 public library at Delphos; the Community Mausoleum at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, costing $100,000; the People's Bank Building of Clyde, Ohio, $40,000; the Rutherford B. Hayes Memorial Building at a cost of $50,000 ; the State Normal College at Bowling Green, including the Administration Building, $200,- 000 ; the Dormitory, $100,000 ; Science Building, $100,000 ; and Training School, $100,000 ; the First National Bank Building of Fremont, $100,000 contract; the JMemorial Hospital of Fremont, $100,000; and the Masonic Temple Building, at a cost of $150,000.

Mr. Carl F. Steinle was born at Fremont, Ohio, August 8, 1878, a son of Joseph and Caroline (Gretz) Steinle. Both parents were born in Germany and are still living at Fremont. Caroline Gretz was born February 9, 1849. Her parents died in Germany, and in 1864 she came alone to the United States at the age of fifteen. She made her way to the home of her sister in Fremont. Caroline Gretz was a daughter of Peter and Magdaline (Longendefer) Gretz.

Joseph Steinle was born in Germany February 2, 1845, and at the age of eight years came to the United States with his parents, Joseph and Anna (Grodwold) Steinle. For three years the family lived in Gallon, Ohio, and in 1857 settled in Fremont. Joseph Steinle began w'ork at the carpenter's trade and at the age of twenty-two started in business for himself as a contractor. He continued actively until 1898, when he was able to turn over most of the cares of the business to his son Carl. For thirty-six years he was associated in business with his brother Oswald Steinle, under the firm name of Steinle Brothers. When Carl F. Steinle entered the firm it was organized as the Steinle Brothers Company, but six years later was reorganized as the Steinle Construction Company, of which Joseph Steinle is president, while Carl is secretarv, treasurer and soneral manager.

Jo.seph Steinle is a democrat in polities. His wife is an active member of the Lutheran Church. They had only two children. The daughter, Charlotte Steinle, died in June, 1914.

Carl F. Steinle was graduated from the Fremont High School in 1895. He then entered the Ohio State University at Columbus, where he completed his engineering and architectural courses in 1898. Subsequently he took special work in architectural engineering. Though his father was a prosperous business man, he early learned to depend upon his own efforts and displayed a business enterprise when only a school boy. At the age of thirteen he worked during the summer vacations in the hardware store of Gast & Lang at Fremont. Before going to university he worked at the carpenter's trade. In 1898-99 he was foreman for the Columbus Construction Company at Columbus and on returning to Fremont he entered the Steinle Brothers firm, where he remained in a subordinate capacity from 1900 to 1904. He was then made a member of the firm and in 1911 he bought the interests of his uncle and had the practical executive management of the Steinle Construction Company since that date. The company is capitalized at $10,000 and all the stock is held in the family.

Mr. Steinle is Past Exalted Ruler of Fremont Lodge No. 169, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and is also a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner. Politically he is a democrat and has shown much interest in civic affairs, though his business has made heavy demands upon all his time and energy.

Mr. Steinle was married December 10, 1903, to Miss Ella Elizabeth Kramb, who was born in Lindsey, Sandusky County, Ohio, daughter of Jacob Kramb. Her father was a merchant at Lindsey, was born in Germany, served in the American Civil war as a Union soldier, and for three terms filled the office of county recorder of Sandusky County. Mr. and Mrs. Steinle have three children: Miriam, aged thirteen ; Robert Lynn, aged twelve ; and Freda Elizabeth, aged nine. The children are all in school and are being given the best of home and school advantages.

Isaac L. Stinbbaugh, deputy county surveyor of Wood County and city engineer of Bowling Green, has given the best years of his life to the civil engineering profession, and his skill and competence need no word of recom-

He has been engaged in many large public works and private contracts in addition to the routine duties of his public ofiSce, and many of the most important improvements made in Wood Countj^ in recent years have been planned and supervised by him. He first served as deputy county surveyor under Elmer E. Spaffor'd, being appointed in 1904. In 1908 Mr. Gallier appointed him his deputy and in 1913 he was again made deputy county surveyor. Mr. Stinebaugh has been a civil engineer for thjrty-five years. For 3i/^ years he was deputy surveyor under Arthur Hatch in Lucas County.

Isaac L. Stinebaugh was born on a farm near Bloomville in Seneca County, Ohio, February 16, 1863. He is of old Maryland family and ancestry. His parents, I. B. and Nancy E. (Long) Stinebaugh, were both born in Seneca County, Ohio, his father in 1829 and his mother in 1836. Their respective families were pioneers in that county, coming from Maryland and setting up their homes in the midst of the lieavy forest. They cut down the trees and cleared up a portion of the wilderness and spent the rest of their days in that community. I. B. Stinebaugh and wife after their marriage located on the old Stinebaugh farm in Seneca County and it was their home until ten years ago, when thej^ removed to east of Tiffin, where they are still living, hale and hearty in spite of the many years of their lives. Both are active in the Free Will Baptist Church. I. B. Stinebaugh served for thirty years as trustee of his home township. He began voting as a free soiler and has been a republican since the birth of that party.

Isaac L. Stinebaugh grew up on the home farm, and early qualified as a teacher, which he followed along with his work as a practical surveyor and engineer. He carried on higher studies in the Ohio State University and was graduated in 1892 in the civil engineering department. Since leaving college he has given all his time to engineering. He was in Seneca County and for seven years was in Ottawa County, and the remainder of his service has been rendered in Wood and Lucas counties. Mr. Stinebaugh owns a fine residence at Bowling Green. He married in this city Ada Bodett, who was born in Wood County and is a graduate of the Bowling Green High School. For the past thirteen years she has been emploj-ed as a deputy in various county offices and is now deputy county auditor of Wood County. Mr. and Mrs. Stinebaugh were married in 1916. Mrs. Stinebaugh is a regular attendant and active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Politically Mr. Stinebaugh's actions have been in line with the republican party. He is affiliated with the INIasonie Lodge at Bloomville, with the Royal Arch Chapter at Tiffin, and with the Knights Templar and the Scottish Rite bodies at Toledo. He also belongs to the Knights of Pythias at BloomviUe.

F. M. Hopkins, editor and publisher of tlie Fostoria Daily Review, is an Ohio newspaper man of -n-ide experience, was trained as a lawyer and was in the practice of that profession before he took up the newspaper business. /

Mr. Hoplrins was bom in Epworth, Iowa, July 12, 1875, a son of T. M. and Augusta (Brown) Hopkins. Both parents M-ere born in Ohio and his grandfather, T. Hopkins, is also a native of this state and spent his life here as a farmer. The maternal grandfather, Charles Brown, was born and reared at Parkman, Ohio, was also a farmer and lived to be a hundred years old. Mr. Hopkins' father is now deceased. He and his wife were married at Parkman, Ohio, and went West to Iowa, in which state he served twenty-one years in United States marshal's office. He was a thirtj-second degi'ee Llason and a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and in politics was a democrat. During the Civil war he was four years in Company G of the Twenty-first Iowa Regiment. He was first sergeant of liis company. He and his wife were members of the Congregational Church.

The only one now living of three children, F. M. Hopkins received his early education in Dubuque, Iowa, graduating from the high school in 1892. He graduated from tlie Iowa State University in 1895 and in 1896 was admitted to the bar and was in practice at Dubuque until 1898. With the outbreak of the Spanish-American war in that year he became first sergeant in the Forty-ninth Iowa Regiment of Volunteers and was in service for thirteen months, After his honorable discharge he resumed practice at Dubuque and remained in that city from 1899 until 1903. In the latter year he gave up the legal profession and at Toledo became a reporter on the Times. In 1904 he went with the Toledo Blade as city editor and held that position until 1911, when he became managing editor of the Toledo Times. In 1913 Mr. Hopkins came to Fostoria and bought the Daily Review. He has done much to vitalize and invigorate this leading paper of Seneca County and it now has a circulation of 2,700 and there is also a large job printing establishment.

Mr. Hopkins is a republican in polities and in 1916 was publicity director for the State of Ohio. He has made himself a factor in many local affairs, having served as president of the chamber of commerce two years, as a chairman of the executive committee of the Red Cross, and is a director in various bl^siness organizations. He is also one of the board of. directors of the Fostoria Country Club. Mr. Hopkins married in 1899 Caroline B. Bertholet, who was bom at Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin. They have three children, Edmond, Constance and Virginia, all in school, Edmond being a senior in high school.

Paul Beckett Shoop is one of the aggi-essive and enterprising young business men of Upper Sandusky and at the age of twentyfour has proved his right and ability to stand alone in the competition for success.

Mr. Shoop is a native of Wyandot County and was born on his father's farm at Indian Mills east of Upper Sandusky in 1893. He is of Pennsylvania Dutcli and English stock. His great-grand father Shoop came from Holland to Peniisylvaiii,! in early times. He is a son of Nathan and Zilla (Beckett) Shoop. His father spent his active career as a farmer and is still living on the old homestead. The mother died there in 1913.

As a boy Paul B. Shoop attended the country school of Indian ]\Iills during the winters, and was at home doing his part on the farm in the summer seasons. When he was fifteen years of age he passed the Boxwell-Patterson examination and on his creditable showing was given a free scholarship in the Upper Sandusky High School. He was a student there the full four years, graduating in 1913. The following year he spent at Columbus as a student in the Bliss Business College, and in order to pay his board and room rent he worked in a restaurant. His first business position was as stenographer at Columbus, but he left that in a short while and for a year was general clerk witli M. Stanton & Company at Columbus. The next year he put in as a traveling representative of the Interstate Educational Society of New York selling music and other goods over Central Ohio. He proved his ability as a salesman.

and in that work acquired some of the capital which subsequently enabled him to go into business of his own. After leaving the road he returned to the home farm and assisted his father a short time, and then became insurance and financial clerk in the financial department of the Quaker Oats Company of Cliicago, putting in two years with that firm.

In January, 1917, Mr. Shoop returned to Upper Sandusky and bought the American Steam Laundiy plant, of which he is now .sole proprietor. This is one of the best laundries in Wyandot County in the matter of equipment and excellence of service and Mr. Shoop is doing much to extend its trade and facilities. He has several agencies throughout tlie surrounding territory, and now has about all the business the plant can handle.

In 1916 Mr. Shoap married Gladys Evelyn Seligman, daughter of Charles and Bertha (Ewing) Seligman, of Upper Sandusky. Mr. Shoop is a republican and has been quite active in pai'ty affairs. Inducements have been held out to him by the leaders of the party to become a candidate for office but he has never followed them up. He is a member of the First ilethodist Episcopal Church, of Lodge No. 176, Free and Accepted Masons, and belongs to the Columbus, Ohio, Young I\Ien's Christian Association.

Cdoyce Edward Overholt, one of the leading dentists of Hancock County, is a native of Northwest Ohio, and )>v tliorouti-h preparation, hard work and (Mnisiant sludy lias attained tiiat enviahh' ])ositi(in whei'e his work is not oidy remunerative but is appreciated fur its iinality of excellence.

Doctor Overholt was born on a farm east of Van Buren in Hancock County in 1881, a son of J. C. and ]\Ielissa (Baker) Overholt. He is of German and Englisli stock. His great-grandfather came fi-om Germany and settled in Westmoreland County, Pminsylvania. Doctor Overholt "s ancestors were soldiers in the American Revolution and some of the family also fought in the Civil war.

When he was four yeai-s of age his father removed to Findlay, and in that city Doctor Overholt acquired his education in the jiublic schools. He attended the high school and from that entered the Ohio Medical College at Columbus in 1902. In 1905 he finished the course of the Dental School and was graduated D. D. S. For two years Doctor Overholt practiced at Eaton in Preble County, and left a promising business there to remove to Findlay iu the fall of 1907. He lias his offices en South Main Street and has every modem equipment of the up-to-date dentist. Every year Doctor Overholt attends the State Dental Association meetings and by constant association with the leading members of the profession he is seeking to improve and inci-ease his own ability to perform skilful work. He is a member of the County, State and National Dental associations. Fraternally he belongs to the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and iu polities is a republican.

"William Beuce James. The work of William Bruce James as a lawyer at Bowling Green has been distinguished by a fidelity to every interest committed to his charge, and by the performance expected of a thoroughly ciualified, cultured and loyal gentleman. Mr. James practices as a member of the firm of Ladd, James & Ladd, and is now serving his fourth term as city solicitor.

Mr. James began practice with a training and experience of a thorough literary as well a^ professional education. In 1904 he graduated A. B. from the Tri-State College at Angola, Indiana, subsequently spent one year in the classical course in the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, and then prepared for his profession in the law department of the University of ^Michigan, where he was gi-aduated in June, 1908. In the same month he was admitted to the bar and at once began practice at Bowling Green. In 1909 he was elected city solicitor, and has continuously filled that office to the present time. Since 1909 he has also been qualified to practice in the federal courts.

Mr. James is a member of the Wood County Bar Association, is aiBliated with Bowling Green Lodge No. 818, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Plymouth Lodge No. 157, Knights of Pythias, at Bowling Green, Wood County Lodge No. 112, Free and Accepted Masons, and is popular in these fraternities and among all classes of citizens.

He wa,s bom at Bradner, Wood County, March 7, 1883. When he was six j-ears of age he was taken to Sandusky County and he grew up in the country, and with the advantages of the local schools qualified as a teacher, a vocation he followed two yeaip before he entered the Tri-State College at Angola, Indiana. He is the only son and child of Rinaldo and Keturah (James) James, both of whom were born in Morrow Countv, Ohio, where thev

William B. James was married at Bowling Green to Bessie Yeager. Mrs. James was born in Missouri March 10, 1886, and when she was fourteen years of age her parents returned to Napoleon, Ohio. Her father, Loi-euzo D. Yeager, subsequently went back to Missouri and died in that state when past middle life. His widow is now living at Bowling Green, and though past threescore is still diligent in looking after her household duties. 3Ir. and Mrs. James have two children: Robert M., born Febraary 25, 1912; and Norman W., bom October 20, 1914. Mr. and I\Irs. James are members of the Christian Church and in politics he is a republican.

H. C. DeRax was admitted to the bar and l)egan practice at Fremont twenty-four years ago. He has a practice second to none in Sandusky County in point of importance and value, and the local bar recognizes him as one of its leading and most brilliant members. His work in the profession has been characterized by sound learning, thorough experience and a ready ability to cope with all the exigencies that a lawyer must meet in a varied and extensive practice. He is also a man of literary tastes, and when his business justifies it he finds his greatest delight in his library.

Mr. DeRan was born in Fremont, Ohio, December 17, 1872, a son of Dennis and Ann (Flumerfelt) DeRan, both natives of Ohio. The paternal grandfather was also Dennis De- Ran, a native of Ireland who settled in Ohio about 1836 and took up Government land, which he developed as a farm. The maternal grandfather, Daniel V. Flumerfelt, was a native of New Jer.sey and was one of the earliest pioneer settlers in Seneca County, Ohio, where he located in 1807. Dennis DeRan, father of the Fremont lawyer, was born in Sandusky County December 7. 1846, while his wife was born in Seneca County in May, 1847. They were married in Sandusky County and they are now living retired at Tiffin. Dennis De- Ran spent his active career as a farmer. He and his wife had three children: H. C. De- Ran; R. L. DeRan, an attorney at Tiffin; and Zoe, wife of Minor Raymond, a.ssistant secretary of the Webster Manufacturing Company at Tiffin.

persistence and energj' nnusual in a boy of his age he steadily kept at his education until he had graduated from one of the best universities in the couutiy. He attended tin' disirii't schools, and afterward took the liteiary i-oursu in the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio. He took post-graduate studies in the University of Michigan and was graduated from the law department of that university in 1893. Admitted to the bar in the same year, he began practice at Fremont and his practice ha.s always followed genei-al lines. He also has interests in various manufacturing concerns and is the owner of two fine farms in Sandusky County. Politically he is a democrat, and he represented Sandusky County in the State Legislature from 1897 to 1901. ' He is also a member of the County and State Bar associations, and is affiliated witji the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.

Mr. DeRan was married in 1907 to Mabel Hubbard, a native of Fremont and a daughter of John Hubbard, a traveling man. They have two children : Catherine and H. C, Jr.

J. E. Kelly was graduated with the law class of 1897 from the Ohio Northern University at Ada, was admitted to the bar the same year, and has since been in active practice at Bowling Green. With twenty years of experience he has accumulated a large practice and a high standing in local professional circles and is a man of unusual accomplishment.

Mr. Kelly has membership in the County and State Bar associations, is a past chancellor of the Knights of Pj-thias and also active in the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. For two years he served on the Board of Public Works at Bowling Green and was also a member of the city council. As a republican he has been influential in local polities, and has been delegate and committeeman in party affairs and in judicial, congressional and county conventions.

Mr. Kelly was born near Custar in Wood County March 7, 1870. He grew up in the county and acquii'cd his higher education in the- normal schools at Fostoria, Ohio, and Valparaiso, Indiana. For a number of years he was a successful educator and turned from school work to prepare for the law. As a diversion from his law business Mr. Kelly looks after two fine farms near Bowling Green. These farms aggregate 265 acres, all in a high condition of improvement and well stocked.

jMr. Kelly is a thoroughly practical farmer, and has made his land profitable as well as a source of great pleasure to him as a side occupation.

Mr. Kelly's father, Alfred Kelly, was a prominent oldtimer in Wood County, and a remarkable man not only for his service rendered as an educator but as a reformer and a man who carried the ideas of progress over a large section of country. In many ways he was years ahead of his time in the principles he advocated, and he went about as a pioneer of his ideas, doing good, and by lectures and personal contact with the people doing much to enlighten public opinion. He was of Irish stock and was born in Ohio and for many years taught school. Most of his teaching was done in the public schools and his influence was as valuable and beneficial to the older people as to the younger generations who came to him daily in the schoolroom. He married Emeline Crum, also a native of Ohio and of Pennsylvania parents. She was also an educator. Alfred Kelly died at the age of eighty-three in 1903. Though he saw active service as a member of Company I of the One Hundred and Forty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry during the Civil war, he escaped without wounds or capture. His widow is still living at the age of eighty-four and is quite vigorous for her years. She is a member of the United Brethren Church, while Alfred Kelly was an active Presbyterian. Mr. J. E. Kelly differs from both his parents in matters of religion and is a Methodist. The older generation of the Kellys were quite prominent in the Presbyterian Church, and some of them became preachers. Six of the children of Alfred Kelly and wife are still living out of the seven who were born to them. These children are all married and all have children.

]\Ir. J. E. Kelly was married in Seneca County, Ohio, to Miss Maude Knepple.who was born, reared and educated in Seneca County and was a teacher before her marriage. They have one daughter, Eleanor Jean, who was born in 1910.

Harry J. Hall is head of the firm Hall & & Son, coal merchants and paving contractors at Findlay. This is a business which has been developed through a long period of years and has had the resources and enterprise of three successive generations of the Hall family. Harry J. Hall was formerly in business with his father and recently has taken his own son into partnership.

Hancock County has been the home of the Halls since early times. The Halls are a very old English family and have been in America many generations. Hariy J. Hall was born in Findlay September 15, 1867, a son of Charles B. and Ellen (Coontz) Hall. His mother is of German stock. Charles B. Hall is still living in Findlay, now retired, and for many years was in the dry goods business. He is a "democrat and was elected two terms, from 1878 to 1882, as sheriff of Hancock County and for many years was trustee of the local cemetery.

Harry J. Hall attended the public schools of Findlay, and at the age of eighteen left high school to begin work for former ilayor Fry of Findlay, at wages of .$1.50 a week. He continued that employment for three years and was then appointed mail clerk under W. S. Hammaker for a year.

Mr. Hall next became associated with his father under the firm name C. B. Hall & Son in the operation of lime quarries, and this company had the first natural gas lime kiln in Northwest Ohio. It was situated on West Lima Street in Findlay. Hariy J. Hall was bookkeeper for the firm three years and then became an active partner in the business. After one year the industry was closed out and C. B. Hall & Son turned their attention to the coal business and to paving construction. The old title of the firm continued from 1895 until 1916, when the senior partner retired and Harry J. Hall took his son, Charles R., as a partner, under the name Hall & Son. They are now among the leading coal dealers in Hancock County and furnish coal on large contracts. They also have the organization and the facilities for paving construction on a large scale and are now doing three-quarters of the street paving in Findlay.

Harry J. Hall married in 1892 Marian V. ]\Iiller, "daughter of R. C. Miller. His only son, Charles R., was born April 6, 1893. He has proved himself an aggressive j-oung business man. Charles R. Hall married in 1912 Audrey Chapman, daughter of "Sir. and Mrs. Harry Chapman. They have one daughter, Mary Jane, born December 30, 1915.

Mr. Harry J. Hall is a democrat in politics. He is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and is a member of the English Lutheran Church.

County lost her most brilliant and distinguished son" - in the words of the Auglaize County Democrat. The end came quietly and peacefully after a long illness at his home in St. Marys, on November 29, 1904. The death was not unexpected but the shock to friends and relatives was none the less severe. The St. Marys Daily News expressed the feeling of his home community in the following words: "In the death of Judge Mooney St. Marys Icses her most distinguished citizen and one who had a place in the heart of every resident of the town. He was loved and respected not only because he was distinguished in his profession and had attained high honor in that direction, but he was loved by those who enjoyed his personal acquaintance because of the warm friendships he had formed and the warm, noble heart that was always in evidence. He was a man full of love and charity, benevolent to a large degree and without selfishness when the rights of others were to be considered. He gave freely of his able advice and wise counsel to those who sought it and to the poor and needy he was liberal, never failing to help those who needed help nor to respond to a cause when convinced that it was a worthy one."

William Thomas ilooney was a sou of Michael J. and Catherine (Salmon) Moonej*, and was born in St. Marys on November 14, 1862, and had just passed his forty-secontl birthday at the time of his death. He was a brother of Daniel F. and Joseph J. Mooney, sketches of whom also appear in this work. He was educated in the public schools of St. Marys and graduated from the high school at the age of sixteen years. In the same year he entered the Ohio Normal University at Ada, from which institution he graduated with high honors in 1882. During this time he taught the country schools in the neighboi-- hood of his home, and in 1883 was elected principal of the Normal Academy at Coldwater, Ohio. He entered upon the study of the law and began its practice in 1885 in St. Marys in partnership with Dixon Edgerton. Not satisfied with his preparation, he forsook the practice and entered the Cincinnati Law School in 1886, for lie was determined to' become thoroughly prepared for his life work. During both the junior and senior years he carried the honors of his class by attaining the highest grades of any member, and when he graduated in 1888, the head of the institution, Dean ahd former-Governor Cox paid him the compliment of saying that he was the most

From tile very beginning of his practice success came to him and his business grew rapidly. In 1891 he formed a partnership with J. H. Goeke. The first i^olitical honor attained by Mr. Mooney was an election to the office of the city solicitor of St. Marys, which office he filled for two terms. In 1892 a vacancy occurred on the common pleas liench and Mr. Mooney was nominated by the democratic party to till the unexpired term. Although only thirty years of age at this time, there was no opposition whatever in the convention to his nomination. He was duly elected at the ensuing election and was chosen for the full term in 1S9-1 and for a second term in 1899. The work on the bench gave Judge Mooney the opportunity to exercise in fidl measure the legal attainments he had acquired. It proved that he had been richly endowed by nature with the judicial temperament. He soon took rank among the best known and most competent jurists of the state, sustaining in the highest degi-ee the confidence reposed in him by his party and the people. In 1900 Judge Mooney was nominated by his party for the office of judge of the Circuit Court, and was elected by an overwhelming majority. This position he held at the time of his death. In 1895, at the state convention held in Springfield, Ohio, the democrats placed him in nomination for the judge of the Supreme Court, but he was defeated with the rest of the democratic ticket.

Of his varied attainments the Kenton Press said: "In every department into which he subdivided his energies and activities Judge Mooney excelled. At the bar he was a brilliant advocate ; on the bench, a learned judge ; in the foriim, a magnetic orator. Aggressive, industrious, keen of intellect, he gathered in all the real grain of experience and wafted oft' the chaff. He gi-ew day by day, developed, broadened. But liody could not keep pace with mind."

As a campaign orator, Judge Mooney was very able and forceful and his services were greatly in demand. To this work he always gave freely of his time, and his reputation as a speaker extended far beyond his own judicial district, which included nearly all of Northwestern Ohio. At the state convention held at Zanesville, Ohio, in 1889, Judge ]\Iooney was the temporary chairman of the convention and delivered the keynote speech, which was widely and enthusiastically commented upon by the press of the entire state. He was also made pei'manent chairman of that convention.

In 1892 Judge Mooney was united in marriage to Miss Mary Spellacy, of ConneautviUe, Pennsylvania. His marriage was a most happy one and six children came to bless their home. The private life of Judge Mooney was of the same high character as his public career. He was a man of strong convictions on moral subjects and in religion, as he was in political and secular matters. He was a faithful and devout member of the Catholic Church and never failed in his religious duties. He was a member of the Knights of Columbus and also of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.

Many touching tributes were paid to Judge ilooney by the press and pi'ouiinent men from many sections of the state. One of the most touching, because coming fi'om one who knew him so well, came from Hon. J. H. Goeke, of Wapakoneta, a former partner and congressman from this district. "WiUiam Thomas Mooney, the friend of this bar, the hope of our people, the example of all that is good and great, the lawyer, the judge, the gentleman, the good citizen, in the words of an eminent writer, 'wrapi^ed the drapery of his couch about him and laid down to pleasant dreams. ' His musical tongue is stilled, his beaming eye is closed and his great career is ended. It is hard for me to comprehend that he lives no more, but it is the truth. I saw him breathe his last. He died a Christian death; he died a martyr to his work on the bench in the discharge of his duties to the people. His reward, God alone can give; a cro\^^l of diamonds and eternal perfect happiness are none too good for him."

Daniel F. Mooney, of an old and influential family of Northwest Ohio, has added not a little to the prestige of the family name by his own abilities and services as a capable lawyer and latterly in the diplomatic field. Mr. Mooney is present United States Minister to Paraguay.

He was born at St. Marys, Ohio, January 16, 1865. His father, Michael IMooney, who was born in County Leitrim, Ireland, emigrated to the United States in 1847, a passenger on an old fashioned sailing vessel. Coming to Ohio in 1851 he first located in Fairfield Countj' and later removed to St. Marys. There he made a very creditable business record. He was almost a pioneer in the insur- ance field, and he developed that specialty to pronounced success. For many years he was with the Michigan Mutual Life Insurance Company, at first as district agent, then state agent, and finally as agent for the three states of Ohio, Kentucky and West Virginia. He also became one of the directors of the company. Michael Mooney married Catherine Salmon in 1862. She was boim in Maryland and died in 1908, while Michael Mooney passed away in 1907.

These worthy parents had ten children, and of the six survivors Daniel F. is the oldest. One of his brothers was the late Judge William T. Mooney, one of the most popular judges who ever sat on the District Bench in his part of the state. Still another brother is Joseph J. Mooney, who followed his father in the insurance business and is now vice president and general superintendent of agencies of the Michigan Mutual Life Insurance Company, living at Toledo.

Daniel F. Mooney graduated from St. Marys High School in 1882. About that time he was given an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point, but after some consideration he declined and decided to follow a civil career. Some years after leaving high school he entered the Ohio State University, where he was graduated LL. B. in 1894. He at once began practice and quickly acquired a lucrative business as a lawyer. From the first he showed an interest in polities, as a force in good government, and from 1896 to 1900 served as city solicitor of St. Marys, an office in which he made a splendid record. In 1908 Mr. IMooney was elected a member of the Ohio Senate, serving one term, and in 1912 was re-elected for a second term. His force of character and natural ability made him prominent and one of the most influential members of the senate.

Mr. Mooney is personally genial and affable, a good mixer, makes friends wherever he goes, and temperamentally was a diplomat before his appointment into that service.

On January 30, 1914, President Wilson appointed Mr. Mooney Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Paraguay. This important position he has since filled, his residence being at Asuncion, the capital. Representing the largest republic in America, his position has been one of the greatest importance during the troublous times of the present war. His activities and personal popularity deserve much credit for the fact that Paraguay has adopted its attitude of benevolent neutrality toward the United States. The Paraguayan and Buenos Aires newspapers have at various times spoken highly of the work that he has done and praised his part in international relation. On August 29, 1914, a peace treaty between the United States and Paraguay was signed. This signalizes a new epoch in the relations between the two countries, which in times past have not always been the most cordial, and in fact have disclosed a number of serious differences. This treaty prevents the two countries from ever becoming hostile to each other, and binds them to refer all matters of difference to arbitration, ilr. Mooney has always been a democrat in polities. He is unmarried and a member of the Catholic Church.

Joseph J. Mooney. In the insurance field there is no one name that is more significant of successful ability in management and business getting than that of Mooney. Joseph J. Mooney, now vice president and general sul^erintendeut of agencies for the Michigan Mutual Life Insurance Company of Detroit, is a son of the late Michael Mooney, who was identified with the same company and was one of the directors primarily responsible for its upbuilding and its large hold on this section of Ohio. Joseph J. Mooney is one of Toledo's most popular and best known citizens. He is a brother of Daniel P. Mooney and the late Judge William T. Mooney, .sketches of whom appear elsewhere.

The oldest son of the family was Judge William T. Mooney, who died in 1905, at a time when his future was bright with promise as a lawyer and jurist. Through his work in the insurance field the late Michael Mooney accumulated a generous prosperity. He was not only successful from the material point of view, but his name represented the best qualities of commercial character and integrity. He died at St. Marys, Ohio, February 3, 1907, and his wife passed away there in March, 1908. It is but summing up a reputation that was more than local when it is said that no woman ever lived in St. Marys who came nearer fulfilling the highest ideals of a wiie and mother than ilrs. Michael Mooney.

Joseph J. Mooney has for many years been a practical man of affairs, and yet he started life with a liberal education. He attended the St. Marys schools and in 1888 graduated from the commercial department of Canisius College, a Jesuit institution in Butt'alo, New York. For a time he read law with his brother at St. Marys, Ohio, but was not admitted to the bar, since early in his studies he realized that his talents and inclinations were for other lines. He left the law to become cashier in his father's insurance ofSce. Somewhat later he was made assistant superintendent of agencies in Ohio, West Virginia and Kentucky, and in 1897 he was elected a director of the Michigan Mutual Life Insurance Company. His Toledo office is in the Nicholas Building, and for a number of years he has been active in Toledo citizenship.

In national politics he is a democrat, but locally is an independent worker for good government. Soon after Hon. Brand Whitlock, now United States Minister to Belgium, was elected mayor of Toledo, Mr. Mooney was appointed a member of the University Board, but at the mayor's request he resigned to accept the office of president of the Board of Public Safety to Toledo. When that board was abolished by the Legislature, Mr. Mooney was appointed Director of Public Safety of "Toledo by Mayor Whitloek and served until January 1, 1914, wln-ii .Muvor Whitloek retired. In 1908 he was iinuiiiuited by an independent'movement for the ollicc of state senator, but was defeated.

Mr. JMooney is a member of the cathedral pai'ish of the Catholic church of Toledo, is a member of the Toledo Club, the Knights of Columbus and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, of which organization he is a past exalted ruler. Mr. ilooney is the type of man whose presence means much for good in any community. He has unquestioned integrity, is genial and warm hearted, and has a host of personal friends and stands for the best in social and civic life.

On February 16, 1909, Mr. Mooney was married to Miss Adele Block. Miss Block prior to her marriage had made a name for herself on the American stage. She was associated with such noted stars as E. H. Sothern, Virginia Harned, Henrietta Crossman and Bertha Kalich. She was the original Iris in the production of Lew Wallace's Ben Ilur. Mr. Mooney became acquainted with her while she was a member of the Casino Stock Company at Toledo. Mrs. IMooney was born in Boston, Massachusetts, and is a woman of rare culture and charm. She graduated from the New England Conservatory of Music and in her dramatic work was held in high esteem by the eminent plaj-ers to whom she gave such splendid support. The marriage of Miss Block and j\ir. Mooney took place in the Fifth Avenue Cathedral of New York City, liev. Father O'Counel of St. Francis de Sales Church of Toledo officiating. Among the guests were Hon. and Mrs. Brand Whitloek, the former being at that time mayor of Toledo. Since her marriage Mrs. Mooney has given up the stage and resides with her husband and mother at 2263 Parkwood avenue, Toledo.

Charles A. Rahn, one of the successful business men of Findlay, has made his position secure in the commercial world as a result of many years of steady and reliable industry. By trade he is a harness maker, and he has made that trade the medium of his most important service to the world and out of it has developed his present extensive business, the Rahn Harness Shop, at 602 South Main Street in Findlay.

Mr. Rahn was born in Middleburg Townshii^ of Cuyahoga County, Ohio, March 26, 1858, a son of Karl Gottlieb and Sophia (Albrecht) Rahn. His father was born north of the City of Berlin in the Province of Pomerania, July 9, 1828. The parents were married in the old countiy and in 1857 they emigrated to America, voyaging on a sailing vessel for six weeks and bi-inging their two children. They proceeded iuunediately to Middleburg Town^ship of Cuyahoga County. For one year Karl Rahn worked as a woodchoppe'r for the Big Four Railroad. He lived in the woods where his work was and the first habitation of the Rahns in this country was a log house. He also followed farming to some extent and was employed in the Berea stone quarries as a quarryman until 1873. He had been thrifty and saving of his earnings and thially bought seventy acres in Columliia Township of Lorain County. On that farm with ils increasing comforts and advantages he lived until his death in 1895. Charles A. Rahn liad two brothers and one sister.

His birth occurred in the old log house of J\liddleburg Township of Cuyahoga. County and he grew up chiefly in the country districts, where liis first schooling was obtained. He also spent some time in the Berea public schools and in the Baldwin College at Berea. From the age of fifteen until twenty-one he was engaged in farming in the summer seasons, while each winter he studied in coun- try school or in Baldwin University. Jacob F. Eckert taught him the harness trade at Berea. His apprenticeship continued for two yeai-s, at wages of $25 a year, and then for a time he worked at his trade as a journeyman. Despite the meagei'ness of the stipend he managed to save a little money. In 1882 j\'Ii-. Rahn opened a shop of Ms own on Broadway in the City of Cleveland. That was the^ location of his shop for sixteen years. He then moved to Woodland Avenue and his business was conducted on that thoroughfare for another twelve years.

In July, 1910, Mr. Rahu came to Findlay and opened his first harness shx)p at 524 South :\Iain Street. Fifteen months later he removed to the J. Ewing Building on East Crawford Street, but in January, 1917, came to his present location at 602 South ]\Iain Street. He does general harness manufacturing and repairing and also carries a large line of automobile tii'es and accessories.

Mr. Rahu was married in 1884 to Miss Etta B. Weed of Oswego County, New York. There were two children of this marriage. Earl William, born in 1891, and Carl, born in 1894. Earl was married in July, 1916, to Miss Mabel Parsons of Cleveland. For his seeoud wife I\Ir. Ralm married in 1907 ilrs. ilary ilosher, of Cleveland, daughter of John Smith. In politics "Sir. Rahn is republican. He is an active and public spirited citizen and is member of the Findlay Commerce Club.

W. C. Bellinger has been a resident of Fremont and one of the coming business men, the architect of his own destiny, and though when he was married he had only $50 to his name, he is now at the head of a well situated and prosperous drug business and is also enjoying the honor and confidence of his fellow citizens to the extent that he is serving as president of the school board of the city.

Mr. Bellinger was born at Fremont November 9, 1879, a sou of Charles and Mary (Renehler) Bellinger. His mother, who is stiU living at Fremont, was born at W^uertemberg, Germany, in 1841. The father was born in Hesse Darmstadt, Germany, came to Buffalo, New York, wheu a young man, and soon afterwards settled at Fremont, Ohio, where he married. He was a harness maker and saddler bj^ trade, and followed that throughout his active career. He was a hard worker, and did all he could to provide good home training and advantages for his family. He was an active member of the Grace Lutheran Church, was afQliated with the Masonic order and a democrat in polities. He and his wife had eight children, and the five now living are: Tillie, wife of C. F. Michael, a farmer in Sandusky County; Carrie, wife of L. P. Wickeland, a machinist at Genoa, Ohio; William, who is an employee in the Henkel Company's works at Fremont; Gertrude, wife of Archibald Lilly, a plasterer at Fremont ; and W. C.

W. C. Bellinger attended the public schools of Fremont and was in the second year of high school when he begau learning a trade. After several years he became identified with the Simple Account Sales Book Company and worked with that firm one year. For about eight months he was employed as an inspector in the Claus Shear Company. He was then pi'oprietor of a small store for a year and then went on the road for the Simple Account Book Company and sold their goods for two years.

Mr. Bellinger entered business for himself by purchasing a half interest in a drug store, and is uow member of the firm Hetrick & Bellinger, an establishment that is one of the best stores in the drug line in the City of Fremont.

On September 21, 1902, Mr. Bellinger married Miss Hadie Hetrick, daughter of Daniel Hetrick. Her father was a farmer during his active career and died in Fremont. Mr. and Mrs. Bellinger have two children: Eloise and Marion, both of whom are students in the local schools.

The family are members of the Lutheran Church. Mr. Bellinger has passed all the chairs in the Subordinate Lodge of Odd Fellows, is a member of the Encampment, and in politics is a democrat. He has taken much interest in the cause of education, and has lieen continuously a member of the school l)oard of Fremont for seven years. He is now in his fourth consecutive year as president of the board.

Hox. Frank W. Thomas. Among the leaders who participated in the general overturn of political traditions in Ohio in 1916, an interesting part was taken by Frank W. Thomas of Bowling Green, who was at that time elected senator from the Thirty-third District, comprising Wood, Fulton, Hancock and Putnam counties. This was not the first success of Senator Thomas as a democrat in a normally re- publican stronghold. He had served as representative to the House from Wood County during the years 1910 to 1914, two terms. While a member of the House of Representatives he was on the committee of labor, euroUmeut, fees and salaries. Each time he was elected by a good majority, though usually democrats have scant favors from Wood County. During the session since he entered the Senate ilr. Thomas has done an important part with various committees, including those on common schools, enrollment, finance, industrial schools, insurance, labor, public health, public printing and public utilities.

Outside of polities Mr. Thomas is chiefly known as a successful newspaper man and for twenty-seven years, since early boyhood, has been connected with the Wood County Democrat at Bowling Green. He began his associations with that journal when its editor and proprietor was the late Henry S. Chapin. Mr. Chai)in is remembered in Northwest Ohio journalism as tlie founder of the Toledo Bee and also the Post and Sunday Journal of Toledo. The Wood County Democrat was established in 1876 by the Peters Brothers of North Baltimore. Ou September 1, 1890, Mr. Chapin took the management of this paper and continued its publication until he sold out in September. 1907. His successor in ownership was Mr. Thomas and V. C. Van Voorhis. Mr. Van Vooi'his is the present postmaster of Bowling Green, haviim entered upon his duties in that office Aupust 1. 1914, When Mi*. Van Voorliis went iiitd llic [Mistoffice Mr. Thomas became active editor and manager. During political campaigns the Democrat has had dail.v issues, but its regular policy is as a weekly and more than 2,500 copies of the paper go out through the rural districts in and around Bowling Green, While nominall.v democratic, the pajier is first and last for the eommtinity wdfjirr nml in ruiuiininity matters it has ado'pti'd a sti'ict neutrality liasis.

Prank AV. TIkhiuis ^vas horn in Hancock Cotuity on a farm Septemlier 2, 1873, His early training was as a farm bo,y and his education was limited to the advantages of the common schools. On the 5th day of March, 1890, when he was seventeen years of age, he came to Bowling Green and was enrolled as a worker in the Democrat office. He swept out the rooms, and was at the beck and call of every emplo.ve in the plant. He was printer's devil, learned to set type at the case, run the press, gather local news, and occasionally write something in the way of a special article. He became an expert compositor and pressman, and for several years was linotype operator. After the paper was sold by Mr. Chapin he had tlie general business management during the four years Mr. Van Voorhis conducted the editorial end of the paper and for the past three years he has been both manager and, editor.

Mr. Thomas represents an old family of Hancock County. Ilis grandfather, John Thomas, was born in Virginia of Welsh ancestry. He married in that state Miss Linthicum and they came as pioneers to Hancock County, locating in the woods and clearing up a farm from the forest. John Thomas spent his last years there and died when about three score. Lewis Thomas, father of Senator Thomas, was born in Hancock County in 1856, He grew up on his ni1hi'i-'s tVinn imd married a neighbor girl, ]\liss .M:n-tli,-i Xiuli. She was also born in Portage Township of Ilaneoek County in 1858, a daughter of Andrew and Margaret (DeRhodes) Nigh, Her parents were both born in Columbiana County, Ohio. Andrew Nigh removed to Hancock County when a young man. He had learned the trade of cooper and plasterer. Later he returned to his native county, married, and brought his bride to Hancock County and began life as a farmer. For his time he acquired considerable wealth and large holdings of land and was also a paoving .spirit in everything that went on in the community. His wife died in Hancock County when about sixty and he lived to be eighty-six. The Nighs and Thomases were all active factors in the ]\Iethodist Church and they helped organize theMethodistEpiscopal Churchwhich was long known and is today known as the Thomas :Methodist Clnircli. " These families contributed numei-iiiis \niri's tn the democratic party of the old -larks, ,ii -tiipe. Andrew Nigh cast his first vote for Andrew Jackson, and President Jackson subseqiiently signed his parchment deed to the Nigh homestead in Hancock County.

After marriage Lewis Thomas and wife took up farming on the old Thomas homestead, and they lived there until Senator Thomas was about eight .years of age, wdieu they removed to Bowling Green. Lewis Thomas died in that city September 5, 1903. He was an active democrat and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His widow is still living at the age of sixty-six.

arj' 3, 1875. She was well educated in the county schools. Senator and Mrs. Thomas have the following children : Helen, who is the wife of Fred A. Parker, a graduate of the veterinary school at Toronto, Canada, and uow practicing at Bowling Green ; Robert, who is a student in the State Normal School at Bowling Green; and Viola and Donna, both attending the local schools.

Senator Thomas is a member of "Wood County Lodge No. 112, Free and Ancient Masons, and is a charter member and has filled all the chairs in Union No. 156 of the Tj'pographical Union. For many years he has been an active factor in the local democratic part.y and served as a member of the County Democratic Central Committee twenty years, and for two terms has been chairman of the Executive Committee and has also worked closely with the State Central Committee. For three years he served as vice president of the Ohio Federation of Labor.

Ancel Roy Monroe Stowe. Of Toledo University, one of the few municipal universities in the United States, an account has been written on other pages of this publication. The president of the university. Doctor Stowe, has been singularly successful in his administration of its affairs since he took charge in 1916. The institution has in fact made remarkable progress during this time, and is rapidly gaining both in influence and prestige in the community and in comparison with other similar institutions. Doctor Stowe is a man of thorough scholarship, and has proved his ability both in the administrative line and as a director of the scholastic work. The university now has several hundred students and confers all the collegiate degrees.

Ancel Roy Monroe Stowe was born August 30, 1882, a son of Dennis Loweiy and Leonora Grace (Monroe) Stowe. Wliile neither of his parents had the benefits of a college education, veiy early in the life of their son they assumed that he would go to college and lost no opportunity to develop in him the desire for a higher education. For their interest and encouragement Doctor Stowe has always felt himself in great debt.

He acquired his elementary and secondary education in the public schools of Chicago. He took his regular collegiate work in Northwestern University of that city, graduating Bachelor of Philosophy in 1903, at the age of twenty-one, and Master of Arts in 1904. After resident work of a year Harvard University conferred upon him the degree ]Master of Arts in 1905, and he has his Doctor of Philosophy degree from Columbia University, given in 1909.

He has been a teacher and school administrator for over ten years. His first regular teaching position was as principal of the Darien Center School at Darien, Connecticut, in the school year 1906-07. He was principal of the training school of the State Normal at Hyannis in Massachusetts from 1907 to 1909 ; was professor of historj' and philosophy of education in the State Normal College at Emporia, Kansas, from 1909 to 1912 ; was supervisor of training in the Wisconsin State Normal at Whitewater in 1913-14 ; and in 1914-15 was acting professor of education and psychology and director of university secondary education in De Pauw University at Greeneastle, Indiana. After this experience and from these positions Doctor Stowe came to Toledo Univei-sity in 1916 as president and also as incumbent of the chair professor of education.