Spokane, Washington - History, 1912 (part 17 of 23)

As the educational advantages in this section of the country were limited during the pioneer days, Edgar Dewitt Gilson received but little schooling, but he was reared in a home where much value was placed upon knowledge, and possessing fine mental qualities, he has read widely and has thus acquired extensive information on a large variety of subjects, being now generally recognized as an exceptionally well educated man. While engaged in the mastery of his lessons at school he also assisted with the operation of the ranch, located near Lebanon, Oregon, until 1878. In the latter year he went to Albany and during the years of 1879 and 1880 was clerk in the St. Charles Hotel at that point. From there he went to eastern Oregon and rode the plains as a cowboy until 1883, but upon hearing of the discovery of gold in northern Idaho he determined to try his fortune at prospecting, and in 1884 he joined the rush to Eagle and Pritchard creeks and the Coeur d'Alene mines, remaining there for a year. On March 3, 1885, he came to Ritzville, and during the remainder of that year and the following served as deputy auditor of Adams county. When N. H. Greene was elected sheriff in 1887 he chose Mr. Gilson for his deputy, in which capacity he served for two years, and during that period he also clerked in a general mercantile store. In 1889, he became interested in the hardware business, being associated with D. Keller & Company, and while connected with this enterprise he started a real-estate and insurance business. From 1891 to 1893 his time was almost entirely engaged in discharging the duties of city marshall and street commissioner, and at the expiration of that period he was elected justice of the peace and police judge. He capably filled these offices until 1895, when he was again appointed deputy sheriff, serving in this capacity under J. A. Thompson imtil 1898. A year prior to the expiration of his term, in 1897, he was elected city clerk, holding this office for eight years. In 1898 he became editor and manager of the "Adams County News," now known as the "Washington State Journal," in which he had a half interest, continuing to edit this journal until 1906, during a portion of which time he also owned the "Ritzville Times." In 1899, a year after he became editor of the "News," Mr. Gilson was elected county clerk and clerk of the superior court of Adams county, holding this office for one term. During the succeeding four years he devoted the greater part of his time to his newspaper work, but in 1904 he again entered public life, being the successful candidate for the office of sheriff. He held this position for four years, during two of which, 1906 and 1907, he was also president of the Washington State Sheriff's Association. About a year prior to his election to the latter office, in 1904, jMr. Gilson erected the office building bearing his name. This is one of the finest public buildings in the city and for some years part of its lower floor has been occupied by the postoffice. Recently he was chosen to represent the state of Washington as one of the three judges at the Pendleton round-up.

Numismatics has greatly fascinated ^Mr. Gilson from his boyhood, and has been the principle diversion of an otherwise very busy life. He has much more than a local reputation as a numismatist, having a large and remarkable collection of gold, silver and copper coins, and also paper moneys. His copper collection contains over three thousand specimens, representing ever}^ nation in the world. Many of these have long been out of circulation and have few if any recorded duplicates. In his paper money is to be found Continental and Confederate as well as wild-cat currency. Mr. Gilson likewise has a very large and valuable collection of curios and pictures, numbering between three and four hundred pictures collected during the past thirty years. Many of these are rare and exceedingly valuable, his various collections of coins, curios, pictures, etc., being valued at many thousands of dollars. His avocation has proven a great delight to him and is a source of continuous pleasure and study. He knows many prominent numismatists, whom he has met through the medium of his membership in the American Numismatic Association, and is quite well informed on the notable collections in this country and Europe.

In 1888 was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Gilson and Miss Edith Keller, a daughter of Darvin Keller, formerly a merchant and large ranch owner of Ritzville, and they have become the parents of six children, as follows: Ralph Keller, who was born in 1889; Edgar Leroy, whose natal year was 1891; Arthur Byron, who was born in 1893; Darvin Thompson, born in 1895; Edith Florence, whose birth occurred in 1898; and Wilson Theodore, who celebrated his sixth anniversary in 1911.

In his political views, Mr. Gilson is a republican and in 1909 was made chairman of the county central committee, his term to expire in 1912. He has been prominently connected ^vith political activities during the entire period of his residence here, and for many years has been regarded as one of the leaders in local governmental affairs. In tlie fall of 1911 Mr. Gilson was honored by being elected to the mayor's chair and he took charge of the office on January 1, 1912. While engaged in newspaper work he was one of the active members of the Washington State Press Association and on four successive occasions, from 1902 to 1905, was sent as a delegate to the annual meetings of the National Editorial Association, and in 1904 he was elected secretary of the state association, but resigned this office the following year, as his duties as sheriff of Adams county, precluded the possibility of his meeting the requirements of the former office. Mr. Gilson is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in which he has held all of the chairs, having acted as secretary of the local lodge for twelve years, while at the present time he is treasurer, and he also belongs to the Grand Lodge. He is a member of Ritzville Lodge, No. 101, F. & A. M. and is also the secretar_v of this lodge, was one' time senior warden of this order, and is likewise a member of the Order of the Eastem Star, and of the Knights of Pythias, and has held all of the chairs in the latter organization. Mr. Gilson is a man who expends his best efforts in the discharge of any duty he may assume, having a conscientious appreciation of the responsibilities he has undertaken and feeling that he must acquit himself in a manner that will not only reflect credit upon him but upon those to whom he is indebted for the position through their confidence in his reliability. He has always taken a deep interest in all public affairs and has been an enthusiastic member of the Commercial Club since its organization, having been president of this body in 1910-11. His cooperation is accorded every movement that he feels is at all likely to promote the development of the county or its public utilities and in 1911 he was manager of the Adkms county fair.

Mr. Gilson is a man who can be depended upon to champion every worthy cause, as was manifested during the period of his newspaper career, the columns of his journals always giving their support and cooperation to every movement that would tend to benefit the community and promote the welfare and highest interests of the citizens generally. He has many friends not only in Ritzville but throughout the county and state among a class of people who represent the highest standards of citizenship, and whose loyalty and support reflect credit upon the character and repqtation of those to whom it is accorded.

Morton Macartney

Morton Macartney, city engineer and one of the most eminent and capable representatives of the profession in Spokane and the northwest, was born in Des Moines, Iowa, September 12, 1877, and comes of Irish ancestry in both the paternal and maternal lines. His father, F. C. Macartney, however, was a native of Paris, Canada, and his mother, Charlotte (Webster) Macartney, of the state of New York. They are now living in Des Moines, where the father is proprietor of the Victoria Hotel. The grandfather served in the latter part of the Crimean war and later held the commission of colonel of a Highland regiment. Mrs. Macartney's father and two of his brothers were soldiers of the Civil war and the former was physically disabled in the conflict. In antebellum days he maintained a station on the famous underground railroad which conveyed many a slave on his way to free- dom in the north. The three brothers of Morton Macartney are: George W., assistant to the general manager of the Street Railway Company of Des Moines ; R. H., who is cashier of the Security National Bank at Cheney, Washington; and T. W., assistant engineer under the Municipal Plans Commission of Seattle. A sister, Catherine M. Macartney, is an artist who is acting as instructor in the Cumming Art School of Des Moines.

Morton Macartney was educated in the West Des Moines high school and the Iowa College, from wliich he was graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1901, while in 1905 and 1906 he was a student in the University of Wisconsin. In the interval between his college and university course he became connected with the Interurban Railroad Company of Des Moines, Iowa, as instrument man and was promoted through intermediate positions to that of superintendent of construction and afterward became superintendent of tracks on the Des Moines City Railroad. He was also assistant engineer of the Interurban Railroad, continuing in that connection until he entered upon his university course. Following the completion of his course he removed to Ellensburg, Washington, and represented the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad, with which he remained for four months on the bridge at Yakima river road crossing. He afterward engaged in two weeks' work in a land companj^ at Seattle and in July, 1907, came to Spokane, where he became assistant engineer under Mr. Mclntyre. He was afterward made chief draftsman under Mr. Ralston immediately after the latter's appointment as city engineer, and was later promoted to the position of assistant engineer under Mr. Ralston. In July, 1909, he was made assistant engineer of the North Coast Railroad in charge of the Spokane office, and in April, 1910, he was appointed citv engineer to succeed Mr. Ralston and is still occupying the position. In this connection he has charge of the construction of the Monroe street bridge which is the largest concrete arch in the world, the span over the river being two hundred and eighty-one feet. There is a large span after which this one is patterned which is two hundred and eighty feet and is known as the Rocky river bridge, of Cleveland, Ohio. The only part of the bridge designing -ivith which he has had to do is a new type of centering on the main arch known as a Tauss form of centering. The cost was about five hundred thousand dollars and the bridge was opened for traffic in November, 1911. Construction work was begun on the 1st of January, 1910, by Mr. Ralston, and the work has elicited the attention and interest of engineers throughout the country. The full length of the bridge is seven hundred and fifty feet with three main spans, with a concrete trestle approach for one and an earth fill for the other. It is a triumph in both engineering and construction work although the plans of the Rocky river bridge have been followed. The Lataw creek bridge at Sixth avenue, while not as difficult a piece of engineering, is longer, larger and higher, but has the shorter span lengths and does not olfer the same engineering difficulties as were presented by the Monroe street bridge. The Lataw bridge will be built after Mr. Macartney's design and is ten hundred and fifty feet long. It has been experted and checked by Waddell & Harrington, of Kansas City, and has six main spans with two small approach spans. The entire cost is to be four hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars and the bridge is to be completed in two working seasons after the work is started.

lines, a vast amount of work here being done in the summers of 1910 and 1911. The work in the latter year alone was over thirty miles. Another piece of important engineering with which Mr. Macartney has been associated was that of Browne's addition, the plans for which were prepared by Mr. Ralston but have been carried out under Mr. Macartney's administration. The work on Cannon Hill was also carried out by him and these are. two of the largest contracts of the kind ever executed in the northwest, involving the expenditure of one million, two hundred and fifty thousand dollars, including the work done by the Street Railway Company. During the year, from January 1, 1910, to January 1, 1911, the paving done by Mr. Macartney consisted of twenty and a quarter miles; sidewalks, ninetythree miles ; curbs, one hundred and twenty-two miles ; and there were eleven and a half miles of sewers built in 1910, representing a total expenditure of three million dollars for paving and sidewalks, not including the amount of work done by the street railway which probably means an additional outlay of one million dollars. The beginning of the north side trunk sewer has been designed and is being constructed at the present time. It will be a reinforced concrete sewer, egg shaped, the largest portion of which will be seven by twelve feet, its distance will be about four miles long and its cost four hundred and seventy thousand dollars. Thus Mr. Macartney is now planning and supervising much important engineering work for which his thorough training and practical experience well qualify him.

On the 15th of September, 1910, Mr. Macartney was married to Miss Grace Campbell, a daughter of A. K. Campbell, of the Campbell Heating Company of Des Moines, Iowa. They have an attractive home in Spokane and in addition Mr. Macartney is interested in irrigated lands in southeast Idaho with his brothers, and also owns a wheat ranch about eighteen miles from this city. He is a republican in politics and is well known in fraternal circles as a member of Elks Lodge, No. 228, and Oriental Lodge, No. 74, F. &. A. M. His college fraternity is the Theta Delta Chi and he belongs to the Inland Club and to the Chamber of Commerce. He also is a member of All Saints Episcopal church. He holds membership with the American Society of Civil Engineers and while a young man has progressed with such rapidity in his chosen profession that he stands among its distinguished representatives in the northwest.

Irving R. Davis

Irving R. Davis, assistant corporation counsel of Spokane and one of the younger representatives of the bar of eastern M'^ashington, was born at Maynard, Iowa, March 12, 1883, a son of William and Helen Josephine (Wells) Davis. He was educated in the common schools of Maynard, in the graded schools of West Union, Iowa, in Grinnell (Iowa) Academy and in Grinnell College, from which he was graduated with the Ph. B. degree, after which he became a student in the University of Washington. Having thus studied law, he took the bar examination and was admitted to practice at Olympia in the spring of 1909. He then entered upon the active work of his profession in Spokane in connection -vvith his brother, Arthur W. Davis, under the firm style of Davis & Davis, and thus continued until March, 1911, when he was appointed assistant corporation counsel. He is regarded as one of the rising young lawyers of Spokane and he also has important business interests in the northwest, having made investment in the Green Mountain Gold Mining & Milling Company of Tyson, Idaho, of which he is secretary, and also fills the office of secretary with the Caro Investment Company, owning outside city property.

Mr. Davis holds membership with the Modern Woodmen of America, also with the Chamber of Commerce, and his religious faith is indicated by his membersliip in the Pilgrim Congregational church. In more strictly professional lines he is connected with the Bar Association of Spokane.

Thomas Newlon

Thomas Newlon, who was one of the pioneers who came to Moran Prairie in 1866, was born in Illinois, November 7, 1831, his parents being S. and Nancy (Wilson) Newlon, both now deceased. After completing his education in the public and high schools in his native state at sixteen years of age he engaged in the cattle business until he crossed the plains in 1852, going first to Oregon. He started upon this trip on the 15th of April and reached The Dalles on the loth of August. After remaining there for a short time he went to California but soon returned and made The Dalles his place of residence for the following three years. Thence he removed to Walla Walla, Washington, and subsequently to Orofino, Idaho. After spending three years mining in that region he returned to Walla Walla and lived on a farm near there until 1865, when he purchased a boat and started a ferry at Riparia, which he operated successfully for a year. He then came to Spokane count}' and after building a cabin for himself he constructed a bridge above Trent before going back to the Snake river. He soon returned to his bridge and remained in charge until he disposed of it in 1868, the j'ear in which he made a trip to Libby creek. But, not desiring to remain there, he went back to Montana and until 1872 actively engaged in mining operations. In the fall of that year, however, he returned to Spokane county and followed the carpenter's trade for a short time before building a ferrj' boat at Spokane bridge. This venture seemed opportune as Cowley's bridge had shortly before fallen in. At one time he was also engaged for a summer as mail carrier between Fort Johnson and Fort Dalles, Oregon, this occupation having afforded him many wild and thrilling experiences with the Indians. These various undertakings had jiroved rather successful but Mr. Newlon desired to engage in some occupation which would give him opportunity for life's work and he took up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres on Moran Prairie, where he has since resided. It has all been brought under a state of cultivation and thirty acres of it is planted to fruit trees, his being one of the finest orchards in this section. He has always devoted the greater amount of his time and attention to fruit-raising and has become one of the most successful and authoritative fruit growers in Moran Prairie. Being one of the oldest residents of the county, he has been a witness of its development and, being of an energetic and industrious nature, he has contributed his share to its improvement.

In June, 1875, Mr. Newlon was married at Colfax to Isabelle Kirby. who is rightly called one of the pioneers of Spokane, having arrived there in 1872 when there were only five inhabitants in the town. To this union three children have been born: Olive, deceased; Guy, who married Marguerite Acton; and Laura. Well known in this county where they have resided from pioneer times, Mr. and Mrs. Newlon weU deserve representation in this volume, for their social qualities have made them many friends, while the agricultural success of Mr. Newlon is most creditable and enviable and has won for him the title of a good and substantial citizen.

Hon. Leander Hamilton Prather

As an able attorney, as judge of the superior court and as one of the prominent representatives of the people's party Hon. Leander Hamilton Prather has become widely known in Spokane and throughout the Inland Empire. He is now devoting his attention to the private practice of law and the careful regard evinced for the interests of his clients and an assiduous and unrelaxing attention to all the details of his cases have brought him a large business and made him very successful in its conduct. Early environment and inherited tendency may have had something to do with his selection of a life work, but in his native talent and acquired ability are found the secret of his continuous advancement at the bar. He was born in Jennings county, Indiana, October 25, 1843, his parents being Hiram and Mary (Huckleberry) Prather. His father was an attorney at law, who also had agricultural interests and was prominent as a political leader in his state, representing his district in both the house and senate of the Indiana legislature.

Leander H. Prather's interest in the law and its interpretation was early aroused and with the completion of his literary course he at once directed his energies to the mastery of legal principles. He had been a pupil in the public schools of his home town and in the Vernon (Ind.) Academy, which he entered with the intention of further continuing his studies at Asbury University in Greencastle, Indiana. With the outbreak of the Civil war, however, all further thought of school days was put aside and on the eighteenth anniversary of his birth he enlisted as a private of Company I, Sixth Indiana Infantry. He was afterward promoted to the rank of first sergeant of Company B, One Hundred and Thirtyseventh Indiana Infantry, and subsequently became second lieutenant of Company I, One Hundred and Fortieth Indiana. He was next detailed as chief of ambulances of the Third Division of the Twenty-third Army Corps and when mustered out, July 11, 1865, was acting assistant quartermaster on tlie staff of General Carter.

When the war was over Judge Prather at once resumed his studies, entering Asbury University, where he completed a three years' classical course. His preparation for the bar was made in the office of his brother Colonel Allen W. Prather, of Columbus, Indiana, and in May, 1 868, he was admitted to the bar at Columbus, where he engaged in practice for a year. He was afterward located for a brief period in Fort Scott, Kansas, and in 1871 opened a law office in Huntsville, Arkansas, where he followed his profession until 1879 and also acted as superintendent of schools for that district, which then embraced six counties. During a period of three years he resided in Abilene, Kansas, and then removed to Leadville, Colo- rado, where he spent the succeeding two years in the practice of law. In February, 1884, he came to Spokane and was superintendent of schools during the first two years of his identification with this city. He was also appointed during that period as a member of the territorial board of education by Governor Squires and acted in that capacity for two terms.

On again taking up the active practice of law Judge Prather soon demonstrated his ability to successfully cope with the complex and involved legal questions and enjoyed a large practice until his election to the bench as judge of the superior court, entering upon the office on the 1st of January, 1897. He was elected as the candidate of the people's party, of which he has been an ardent and influential champion for many years. In 1901, when a third judgeship was created, he was appointed by Governor John R. Rogers to fill that position until the regular election should be held and on this occasion he received the following letter from the Governor with the appointment:

You are hereby appointed a Judge of the Superior Court of the State of Washington, for Spokane County, until the next general election to be held in the State of Washington in the year nineteen hundred and two, and until your successor is elected and qualified.

He has great respect for the dignity of judicial place and power and no man ever presided in a court with higher regard for his environment than did Judge Prather. As a result of that personal characteristic the proceedings were always orderly upon the part of everyone - audience, bar and the officers from the iiighest to the lowest. His opinions were fine specimens of judicial thought, always clear, logical and as brief as the character of the case permitted. Since his retirement from the bench Judge Prather is giving his attention wholly to the practice of law and his varied legal learning and wide experience in the courts, together with the patient care with which he ascertains all the facts bearing upon everj' case, are among the salient features of his success giving him higher standing as a representative of the legal profession.

In August, 1889, Judge Prather took up the cause of about live hundred families, who had settled in a part of Spokane called "Shanty-town" and excerpts of the following letter, which he prepared for publication in the Chronicle and which on further thought, he omitted to send to that paper, will explain the facts and something of which he undertook to do, to save the property of the five hundred or more families who had located on this land. This case is known as the "Shantytown Case."

"The grant of land to the Northern Pacific Railway Company was of odd sections of land on both sides of its track, and was to take effect at the time of the final and definite location of the road, which was on the 4th day of October, 1880, so far as the said land was concerned. All lands then claimed by a competent entryman, which claim could ripen into a patent, were excluded from the operation of said grant. On that date and for many years prior thereto, Indian Enoch was located on said land, being the NW. one quarter of Section 19, Tp. 25, N. of Range -13, EWM, and during all said time was entitled to homestead said land under the Indian Homestead law, which was enacted in 1875 and in 1879 went to the U. S. Land office at Colfax, Washington, to make his homestead entry of the same, but was refused the right because the land officers there said that said land was railroad land. He then came back and continued to reside on said land and refused to leave it until the said railroad company, in 1882, pretended to buy his land for the sum of $2,000, when Indian Enoch gave the company a deed for the land and moved off and abandoned it. It will be seen that said Indian was living on said land on the day of October, 1880, claiming it as his homestead, having a homestead right, the same as any other squatter on government land having a right to enter the same ; and it also appears and is made plain that his said occupancy and claim of said land excluded it from the operation of said grant, and that when the Indian abandoned it, it was still government land, and remained such, the railroad company having no more right to buy it of the Indian than you or I would have to buy government land from an Indian. In fact, the pretended purchase of said land from said Indian by said company was a confession that it was not railroad land.

"Knowing these facts many families moved onto said land, believing it to be government land, subject to entry by them under the Townsite act. In August,

1889, there were about three or four hundred families, or about fifteen hundred people settled on said land, claiming the same under said act, and I was employed as their attorney to petition the Secretary' of the Interior to be allowed to enter said land under said act, which allowed two lots to each competent entryman, and I then so petitioned the Secretary, setting up all of said facts, and asked that these people be allowed to enter said land under said act. The petition was before the Secretary, due service thereof having been made on said company, until March,

1890, when the Secretary held and so notified the said company and the said settlers, that according to the facts stated in said petition the said settlers were entitled to enter said land under said act, and ordered a hearing as to said facts before the local land office in Spokane at a time to be fixed by said office. This decision made all said settlers happy, and they thought that they were about to become beneficiaries of the government's liberal benevolent disposition of its lands as well as the Northern' Pacific Railway Company. Their wives and children were glad, and I was glad, too. We all had a great meeting congratulating each other on the good fortune in store for them.

"But the railway company moved the Secretary of the Interior for a review of his decision and the hearing was set for the 20th day of April, 1890, before the Honorable Secretary of the Interior at Washington, D. C. It became my duty to go to Washington to argue said motion for review, and the settlers raised the sum of $200 to pay my expenses on said trip. I went. When I appeared before the Secretary on said occasion, there I met our two United States Senators, Watson C. Squires and John B. Allen, and our member of Congress, John L. Wilson, and a committee of five bankers from the city of Spokane, all of whom were advising with and assisting J. H. Mitchell, Jr., son of Senator Mitchell of Oregon, who was then attornej' for the western division of said road and James McNaught, the attorney general of said road. I was depending on the law of the case, which only could rightly and legally be argued on a motion for review, but there I found ex parte affidavits from divers persons to me unknown to the effect that the Indian had never abandoned his tribal relations, which was a question of fact, not to be heard on a motion for review, but before the local land office only, the same as any other question of fact alleged in the petition. I was confident in believing that, inasmuch as the facts alleged in the petition with no other influence had induced the original decision. There was no additional argument in the presence of the senators, the representative and the bankers, and I came back to those settlers with that belief. Within a month after said hearing the Honorable Secretary of the Interior, Mr. John N. Noble, rendered his decision to the effect that Indian Enoch had not at any time abandoned his tribal relations and hence was not a competent entryman, and therefore the land passed by the grant to the Northern Pacific Railroad Company, and the settlers were moved off under the state restitution act which was passed by the legislature of the state in March, 1890.

"This case is entitled 'E. R. Spicer and others vs. The Northern Pacific Railway Company,' and the papers and all the public proceedings in it are on file in the office of the Secretary of Interior.

"Now, I have told all I know about the case, and I know for myself tliat it received my best attention, and that I did everything I possibly could do to get for said settlers the right to enter said land; and that I did nothing to the contrary. Contemporaneous discussions of the case may be found in the daily papers of the dates referred to. The land in question lies south of Sprague avenue and west of Division street in the city of Spokane.

On the 6th of May, 1879, at Little Rock, Arkansas, Judge Prather was married to Miss Edna Letcher Rice, a daughter of Judge Milton L. and Catherine (Cronly) Rice, of that city, and a direct descendant of the famous Letcher family of Virginia and Kentucky, which included Robert Letcher, at one time governor of Kentucky and afterward minister to Mexico. Judge and Mrs. Prather have become parents of three daughters and two sons: Rose, now the wife of Adrian P.

Judson, of Tacoma, Washington ; Edna, the wife of H. G. Strahorn, of Hayden Lake, Idaho ; Mary, who is a teacher in the public schools of Spokane ; Lee, who has charge of the office of the Federal Mining Company at Wallace, Idaho; and Rice, who died in January, 1911, at the age of nineteen years.

Judge Prather is a member of Sedgwick Post, G. A. R., of which he served as commander, and through this connection he maintains pleasant associations with his old armjr comrades. He also belongs to Imperial Lodge, No. ISi, I. O. O. F., and he holds membership in the First Methodist church and the Spokane Pioneer Society. His activities have had their root in high and honorable principles. He has been identified with this city since the days of its villagehood and has done important service in his support of progressive educational methods and in upholding the legal and moral status.

Moses Brinkerhoff

Probably the oldest active business man of Spokane is Moses Brinkerhoff, who at the age of eighty-seven years is a collector in the freight department of the Northern Pacific Railroad. Almost his entire life has been devoted to railroad service and his history contains many interesting and exciting chapters that, if written in detail, would read like a romance. He is still a remarkably well preserved man and is honored and respected by young and old, rich and poor. He was born in Wolcott, Wayne county, New York, July 14, 1824, his parents being Joris and Jane (Cortwright) Brinkerhoff, the former a farmer of the Empire state. The ancestry is traced back in direct line to Joris Brinkerhoff, who it is said came to America in 1609 with the explorer Henry Hudson, who was the discoverer of the Hudson river. Joris Brinkerhoff settled at Hackensack, New Jersey, and received a grant of land from King Charles of England. The years passed on and with the outbreak of the Revolutionary war the Brinkerhoff's announced themselves as loyal advocates of the cause of independence, some of the family serving on the field of battle. In the past three hundred years the Brinkerhoifs have intermarried with nearly all of the old Dutch families of New York, being related today to the Van Wycks, the Stuj'vesants, the Roosevelts, the Conovers and other celebrated Knickerbocker descendants.

In his youthful days Moses Brinkerhoff pursued a district school education, alternating this with work upon the farm through the summer months. In 1850 he secured employment as a brakeman on the New York Central & Hudson River Railroad, acting in that capacity for two years, after wliich he was promoted to the position of passenger conductor on the run between New York city and Albany. The wage paid was at that time fifty dollars per month and few were willing to take the risk of railroad travel at that day, so that it was somewhat difficult to secure conductors. ]SIr. Brinkerhoff continued in that position until the spring of 1855, when he was recommended by the president of the New York Central & Hudson River Railroad to Colonel G. M. Totten, who was superintendent and general manager of the Panama Railroad, which had been completed in February of that year, and who had gone to New York city to secure practical railway men to operate the road. The climate and diseases prevalent in the tropical country rendered it very difficult to obtain men for railway service there, and Colonel Totten offered Mr. Brinkerhoff one hundred and sixty dollars per month and all expenses if he would agree to remain for a year. The offer was accepted and he left New York by boat, arriving at Aspinwall in August, 1855. There he continued until October, 1856. The condition which existed in that country at the time rendered even life unsafe, for the natives took up arms against the railroad, claiming that it took from them their pack business. On more than one occasion Mr. Brinkerhoff displayed notable personal bravery and resourcefulness and won especial distinction on the 15th of April, 1856, in guarding the interests of a train carrying specie to the amount of one million dollars. On that date he made the rim into Panama on a train carrying six hundred passengers. They were attacked by natives, a battle ensued and over three hundred were killed on both sides. The natives believed that the train wliich Mr. Brinkerhoff was running carried the bullion, but the train had been made up in two sections and it was upon the second section that the gold had been placed. Mr. Brinkerhoff, realizing the danger, started out to warn the engineer of the second section and in passing through the haunts of the natives had many narrow escapes from death. He finally saw the headlight of the approaching second section, warned the train crew of the danger and, thus prepared for attack, the bullion was saved. As a reward for his heroism he was presented with a gold watch, chain, diamond pin, two diamond studs, a diamond ring, a gold-headed cane, a silver cup and a Colt's revolver by Colonel Totten. This watch Mr. Brinkerhoff still carries, having had it continuously upon his person for over fifty years. On the inner side of the case is inscribed the following: "Presented to M. Brinkerhoff by Panama Railroad Company in recognition of his heroic service in saving life and property during massacre of April 15, 1856."

In November, 1856, Mr. Brinkerhoff returned to New York and after a brief period came to the middle west, accepting the position of advertising agent for the Chicago & Alton Railroad Company, with which he continued for a year. In 1857 he located in St. Joseph, Missouri, where he became ticket agent for the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad, now the Burlington railroad, and acted in that capacity until 1866. He then went to Lawrence, Kansas, where he conducted a hotel and was afterward engaged in the hotel business in Wyandotte, Kansas. The year 1872 found him in Duluth, Minnesota, where he became passenger conductor for the Northern Pacific Railroad Company. Ten years he continued in that position but in 1882 was obliged to resign because his hearing had become impaired. He was pensioned by the railroad company and in that year removed to Spokane, where he has since made his home. Although now eighty-seven years of age, he refuses to lead a retired life and continues in the employ of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company, acting as collector for the freight department. His early experiences in railroading were very thrilling and ofttimes were attended with much excitement and danger. He had many encounters with the Indians in early days, for his way led through a hostile country. He has never been known to flinch in the face of difficulty or of danger, and his courageous spirit as well as his unfaltering industry were recognized by the companies which he represented, and appreciation for his worth has continued him in the employ of the company which he yet serves and which finds him still faithful and competent, although he has long passed beyond the point when most men retire, permanently putting aside business cares.

On the 31st of November, 1858, Mr. Brinkerhofif was united in marriage to Miss Josephine Rabbison, a daughter of Wirther and Mary E. (del Plaine) Rabbison, of New York city, the latter of whom was a teacher of dead languages in the eastern metropolis. On the 31st of November, 1908, having traveled life's journey together for a half century, Mr. and Mrs. Brinkerhoff celebrated their golden wedding, the occasion being one greatly enjoyed by their many friends who were present. Five children have been born unto them but the first two, Charles B. and Frederick E., are deceased. The others are Edwin De Forest, Mosella St. Felix and G. H. T. Brinkerhoff. The last named is now a draftsman in the city engineering department of Spokane. He married Miss Helen Upton, of Minnesota, and they have two children, Eleda Upton and Leonard. Mrs. Josephine Brinkerhoff was one of Spokane's most progressive and public-spirited women. She was the organizer of the Spokane Floral Association and a charter member of the Spokane Sorosis, the first woman's club organized in the city. She has presided at many dedicatory meetings, was foremost in civic reform and improvement and besides possessed much poetic talent. Since the organization of the party Moses Brinkerhoff has given his political support to the republicans and he is with one exception the oldest living Mason in the state of Washington, having joined the fraternity in New York on attaining his majority. Mrs. Josephine Brinkerhoff died November 20, 1911, and Mr. Brinkerhoff is now living at the home of his son, G. H. T. Brinkerhoff, on Sinto avenue. He is splendidly preserved physically and mentally, and has continued an active and helpful factor in the world's work.

William J. Ballard

As a leading architect who has designed some of the most attractive homes in Spokane, William J. Ballard feels an interest and pride in the "Falls City" second to none. His skill is evidenced in the many beautiful residences here and the value of his work as an architect is shown in the volume of plans which he has published that is now on sale at all the leading book stores and is in great demand by prospective builders both in the city and country. His business operations are carried on imder the name of the Ballard Plannery Company, of which he is the president and in the further prosecution of his work he is constantly seeking for new ideas that will prove of practical and decorative value in his building operations.

Mr. Ballard was born in Plainfield, Illinois, November 4, 1871, a son of James and Laura (Edg^vorth) Ballard, the former of English descent and the latter of Scotch-English lineage. His grandfather, James Ballard, a native of Boston, Massachusetts, and a representative of an old New England family, served as first lieutenant in Company I, Forty-sixth Illinois Regiment, during the Civil war, his service continuing for one year and five months. He had reached the age of sixty years at the time of his enlistment and was honorably discharged on account of age. In the meantime, however, he had participated in the battle of Shiloh, where his company was almost literally cut to pieces, ]\Ir. Ballard being one of four who escaped. His son and namesake, James Ballard, Jr., was born in Plainfield, Illinois, and now resides at Beloit, Wisconsin, where he is engaged in business as a contractor. His wife died in 1872. Her people had also come to Illinois, her brothers being' photographers of Chicago.

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William J. Ballard acquired his early education in the schools of Joliet, Illinois, afterward attending Troop Institute at Pasadena, California, and the State Universitj- at Berkeley, California, having accompanied his father to that state in 1886. His schooldays over, he took up the profession of an architect at Los Angeles, working for B. B. Bixby for two years. On the expiration of that i^eriod he became connected ivith the fruit business, especially in the packing department, at Los Angeles and for eight years continued in that field, becoming an expert in his judgment and methods of handling dried and packed fruits. During two years of that period he carried on operations on his own account, but thinking that better business opportunities might be secured in the northern district, he came to Spokane in 1902 and remained here one year, filling the position of superintendent of building for the firm of Chamberlin & Chamberlin, predecessors of the Chamberlin Real Estate and Improvement Company. On returning to California he located at Pasadena, where he again took up the profession of architecture wliich he followed until 1908, devoting the greater part of his time to bungalow and cottage construction, which are the favorite styles of building in that attractive southern city.

In 1908 Mr. Ballard again came to Spokane where he established the business now conducted under the name of the Ballard Plannery Company. Here he designed and was supervising architect for the handsome Empire Hotel and for a large number of brick buildings, ranging in price from thirty to forty thousand dollars. However, he makes a specialty of cottage homes and apartment houses and has designed and built altogether about four hundred in Spokane, while evidences of his skill and handiwork are seen in about six hundred homes in the Inland Empire. He also designed the Hotel Arden and the Wilson Apartments, at Fourth and Wall streets, and has recently completed plans for the Spokane Amusement's Company building, which will be erected at a cost of one hundred thousand dollars, its location being at the corner of Riverside and Jefferson streets. It is to be of absolutely fireproof construction and will contain a skating rink one hundred by one hundred feet; a bowling alley; box ball alleys; a club room; ice cream parlors ; photograph galleries ; penny arcades ; and a large dance hall, together with a rifle range and plunge, the latter to be fifty by one hundred feet. The building will be six stories in height and will be thoroughly modern not only in construction but also in its equipment. Mr. Ballard has recently designed the Lake Port Hotel for South Lake Port, Oregon, which is a seaside hotel, to cost fifty thousand dollars. He is also engaged upon the plans for the Bankers building of Spokane, to cost between twenty-five and thirty thousand dollars. During the greater part of the time he has three or four men in the drafting room who have been ^vith him for two or three years, entering his employ as students. As.sociated witli him as officers of the Ballard Plannery Company are: Mrs. I. L. Ballard, secretary-treasurer; and D. W. Heydon, vice president. Mr. Ballard is likewise a stockholder in the Chamberlin Real Estate and Investment Company and the Reserve Realty Company, in which connections he is also contributing to the gro^vth, progress and improvement of the city. He has mining interests in the Coeur d'Alene district and in all of his business connections displays that sound judgment wlncli enables him to readily recognize and utilize opportunities in the attainment of that success which is the legitimate goal of all earnest and honest endeavor.

The attractive home interests of Mr. Ballard had their inception in his marriage at Los Angeles. California, on the 2'2d of Sei)tember, 190."). to Miss Ina L.

Chamberlin, a daughter of G. L. Chamberlirij who is mentioned elsewhere in this volume. The two children of this marriage are Laura and Gilbert, the former of whom is attending school. ^Ir. Ballard votes with the republican party but has no desire of office, although he keeps well informed on the questions and issues of the day. His fraternal relations are with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Independent Order of Foresters. He belongs to the Inland Club and the Chamber of Commerce. His interests are wide and varied and have on the whole been of a character that has had a direct result upon Spokane's welfare and improvement. While he has contributed largely to tlie attractive appearance of the city, he has also been the architect of his own fortune and in this connection has built wisely and well. He has ever been imbued with the laudable ambition of making his work equal if not excel that of other architects, and in designing and building has made a close study of the substantial qualities, conveniences and decorative effects. No stronger testimony of his skill and ability in this direction can be given than is to be found in his work which is seen throughout Spokane and this section of the country.

Reuben Crandell

Reuben Crandell, an attorney of Spokane, is numbered among the younger members of the bar whose success might be envied by manj' an older practitioner. His birth occurred at Dearborn, Wayne county, Michigan, on the 2d of April, 1882, and his education was acquired in the common schools of Sandusky, that state. M'hen a youth of sixteen he began teaching in the rural schools of Sanilac county, Michigan, and followed that profession for three years, imparting clearly and readily to others the knowledge that he had acquired. Subsequently he spent a year in the Michigan State Normal College at Ypsilanti and then entered the Detroit College of Law, from which institution he was graduated in June, 1907, with the degree of Bachelor of Laws. From 1905 until 1909 he spent three hours each day as an instructor in St. Cyrillus & Methodius Seminary, having charge of the department of English literature. This is the only institution of tlie kind in the United States that enrolls only Polish students and graduates them as priests in an eleven-year course. The student body includes young men from all parts of the country. Since his graduation from the Detroit College of Law ^Ir. Crandell has followed his profession continuously and successfully. He began practice at Detroit in association with his father and brother, remaining a member of the firm of Crandell, Crandell & Crandell until May, 1910. In that month he came west, locating in Spokane, where he has since built up an enviable and gratifying practice. At no time has his reading ever been confined to the limitations of the question at issue. It has gone beyond and compassed every contingency and provided not alone for the expected but for the unexpected, which happens in the courts quite as frequently as out of them.

On the 30th of September. 1909, at Pontiac, Michigan, Mr. Crandell was united in marriage to Miss Bess ]\I. Steere, a daughter of Edward Steere, a ^lethodist minister of the eastern Michigan district. Her mother's family was represented in the Civil war. Mrs. Crandell comes of English ancestry and is a graduate of

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Mr. Crandell gives his political allegiance to the republican party and is an active campaign worker, the ^Michigan state central committee retaining him as speaker in the fall of 1910. For three years, from 1904 to 1907, he was a member of the Detroit Naval Reserves. Fraternally he is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Spokane, belonging to Imperial Lodge, No. 134. He is likewise a member of Theta Lambda Phi, a law fraternity, and Kappa Phi Alpha, a State Normal organization. His religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Westminster Congregational church, at Spokane, Washington.

Dr. J. Warren Dunning, who has been successfully engaged in the practice of dentistry in Spokane for the past twelve years, is well and favorably known in professional circles of this city, where he has passed the greater part of his life. He is a native of the state of New York, his birth having occurred in McDonough, Chenango county, on the 18th of July, 1873. His parents are Charles B. and Josephine (Hiller) Dunning, who have long been residents of Spokane. The father is an lionored veteran of the Civil war, having gone to the front at the beginning of hostilities as a private in the Seventh New York Cavalry and remained in the service until the restoration of peace. He participated in many engagements and notable conflicts, among them being numbered the battle of Gettysburg.

In the early childhood of J. Warren Dunning his parents removed from the Empire state to Washington, settling in Spokane, to which public schools he is indebted for his education. When old enough to consider the adoption of a life vocation he decided in favor of the profession of dentistry and subsequently matriculated in the dental department of the Northwestern University of Chicago, from which institution lie was graduated in 1899 with the degree of D. D. S. Immediately following the completion of his professional course he returned to Spokane and established an office that he has ever since maintained. He has a very appropriately furnished and completely equipped suite in the Old National Bank building,' where he has succeeded in building up a good practice. Dr. Dunning is well qualified for the duties of his profession, as in connection with his tiiorough preparation he has the added advantage of possessing more than average natural ability in this direction. During the period of his practice he has had ample opportunity to manifest his skill and has proven himself to be a most able practitioner, his mechanical work being especially fine.

Seattle, this state, was the scene of Dr. Dunning's marriage on the l'2th of December, 1905, to Miss Minnie Cliapin, and they have become tiie parents of two children, Josephine and Margret.

In religious faith Dr. Dunning is a Unitarian as is also his wife, and fraternally he is affiliated with Spokane Lodge, No. '2'28. B. P. O. E.. and he also belongs to the Spokane Amateur Atliletic Club and the Inland Club, while his political support is given to the republican jjarty. Having unlimited confidence in tlie future development of tliis section of the country. Dr. Dunning has invested quite heavily in real estate and now holds the title to one hundred and sixty acres of fine land in the Horse Heaven country, in the southwestern part of the state. As he applies himself closely to the duties of his practice, constantly striving to advance in his profession, he is meeting with the prosperity that invariably crowns intelligently and capably directed effort in any line of work.

Albert Vernon Uhls

Albert Vernon Uhls, teacher of piano, whose studio in the Auditorium building is undoubtedly the most interesting of its kind in Spokane, was born December 3, 1880, in Randolph county, Illinois, a son of Charles F. and Margaret (Brown) Uhls. The father came to this city in 1888 and the following year was joined by his family for whom he had prepared a home. Albert V. Uhls, then eight years of age, was educated in the public schools of Spokane, completing the highschool course by graduation with the class of 1900. During the four succeeding years he was a member of a theatrical company traveling throughout the United States, but concluded to devote his time to what was preeminently the most dominant of his talents - music. In 1904, therefore, he took up the study of music and had the benefit of instruction from some of the best teachers of San Francisco and of New York city. In 1906 he returned to Spokane, where he associated himself with Arthur Frazer, opening a musical studio under the name of the Frazer-Uhls Studio, in the Filers building. In 1908 they removed to their present quarters in the Auditorium building, having beautifullv equipped apartments, especially adapted to the instruction there given. Mr. Uhls has proven himself one of the most able teachers of music in the northwest and is a prominent factor in musical circles, doing much to advance the public taste in this profession.

In. 1903 Albert Uhls was married, in Norfolk, Virginia, to Miss Pauline Sain, of Dallas, Texas, who was then and is still a member of the theatrical profession. Mr. Uhls is not a member of any secret societies or clubs, all of his time being taken up with his large class of pupils.

Dr. T. O. Cole, physician and surgeon who since November. 1908, lias practiced in Spokane, was born in Edinburg, Illinois, in 1878, a son of H. V. and !Mary J. (Kelly) Cole. The father was one of the earliest residents of Christian county, Illinois, settling there when land, which is today worth two hundred dollars per acre, was selling at the nominal price of six dollars per acre. He and his wife are still residents of Edinburg and are seventy and seventy-one years of age respectively.

Spending his youthful days in his native city Dr. Cole ])ursued his early education there and in the year 1899 was graduated from the Northern Indiana Normal School at Valparaiso, with the degree of Ph. G. His training in that connection served as an excellent foundation upon which to build the superstructure of learning as a member of the medical profession. Entering Rush Medical College of

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Chicago, he completed the regular four years' course and was graduated in June, 1903, with his professional degree. He then located for practice in Kewanee, Illinois, where he spent one year, after which he decided to try his fortune in the far west. On reaching Washington he located in Kahlotus, Franklin county, in 1904, and for four years continued in practice there, when he sought the broader field of labor offered by the larger city and came to Spokane in 1908. In the three years of his practice here he has made continuous advancement, winning public regard in large measure and gaining the favorable recognition of his fellow practitioners b_v reason of his ability and his close conformity to a high standard of professional ethics.

Dr. Cole is not a member of any fraternal organization or club. When not busy with his professional duties which, however, are constantl}' increasing in volume and importance, he prefers to sjaend his time with his family. He was married in December, 1903, to Miss Edith !M. Potter, a daughter of J. M. Potter, of Woodward, Iowa, who was one of the pioneer physicians of that place, where he passed away about ten years ago. Dr. and Mrs. Cole have a son, Kenneth, who was born in 1909 and is the light and life of the household. They reside at East lOOi Walton avenue and have gained a wide acquaintance during the period of their residence in Spokane.

E. T. Lemke, who devotes his energies to the real-estate business in which he has been actively engaged in Spokane for the past three years, is a native of W^isconsin of German extraction as the name would suggest. He was born in Merrill on the 6th of June, 1886, and is a son of Ernest and Wilhelmina (Zuelsdorff) Lemke, who were born and reared in Germany. The father was in the army of his native country for seven years, having entered the service in 1864 and been mustered out in 1871, and during that time participated in some notable conflicts. He is still living, but the mother passed away in February, 1908.

The boyhood and youth of E. T. Lemke were passed on a farm in his native state, where he was early trained to assist -with the work of the fields and care of the stock. In the acquirement of his education he attended the public schools until he was twelve, after which he spent a 3'ear in the German school. At the expiration of that time he laid aside his text-books and turned his attention to agricultural pursuits for three years. During that period he decided that he |)referred a business to an agricultural career, so he left the farm and entered .1 general store in Merrill, being identified with this enterprise for two years. Tliat he manifested unusual sagacity and cajjability in the discharge of his duties is evidenced by the fact that in 1904, at the age of eighteen years, he was made assistant manager of Cohen Brothers store at ]\Ierrill. He remained in their employ until the spring of 1906, when he made a most advantageous change and went on the road as traveling salesman for a Chicago house. His entire life had been sjxnt in the community where he had been born, and although he was bright and clever and was most observing, this position afforded him wonderful possibilities for development by bringing him in contact Mitli an infinite variety of personalities, while his mental faculties were constantly on the alert to meet new arguments and different conditions. He continued in this position until December, 1908, when he resigned in order to assume the management of the shoe department of Wilson Brothers store at Kalispell, Montana. In April, 1909, he likewise withdrew from this and in May of that year came to Spokane. He is too ambitious and enterprising a man to be satisfied to remain in the employ of others, so, soon after locating here he engaged in the real-estate business for himself. Although he has been following this for but three years, he has made a very good start and has every reason to feel highly encouraged, as his past achievements assure his future success. During the period of his residence here, Mr. Lemke has acquired some very good realty holdings and is now the owner of several fine pieces of city property and he also owns forty acres of mining land in Stevens county, this state.

At St. Paul, Minnesota, on the 19th of December, 1907, Mr. Lemke was united in marriage to Miss Emma Kraft, and to them has been born one child, Clififord.

Ever since granted the right of franchise upon the attainment of his majority, Mr. Lemke has given his political support to such men and measures as he deems best qualified to subserve the interests of the majority irrespective of party affiliation. He is energetic and progressive in his methods, possessing the indomitable spirit and determination of purpose that invariably brings success and is meeting with prosperity in the pursuit of his present business.

The state of Washington, with its pulsing industrial activities and rapid development, has attracted within its confines men of marked abilitv and high character in the various professional lines, and in this way progress has been conserved and social stability fostered. He whose name introduces this review has gained recognition as one of 'the able and successful physicians of Spokane and by his labors, his high professional attainment and his sterling characteristics has justified the respect and confidence in which he is held by the medical profession and the local public.

Pennsylvania claims Dr. Grove as one of her native sons, his birth having occurred in New Britain, that state, on the 12th of August, 1863, his parents being Charles R. and Louisa (Cadwallader) Grove, the former a prominent farmer of that locality. At the usual age the son entered the public schools and subsequently continued his education in the English and Classical Seminary of Doylestown, Pennsylvania, from which he was graduated with the class of 1880. He also attended Bucknell University of Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, for a time, and subsequently pursued a classical course in the University of Michigan, being numbered among its alumni of 1887. He also began the study of medicine there but completed his preparation for the profession in Hahnemann ]\Iedical College in Philadelphia with the class of 1889. During this time he also attended clinics at the University of Pennsylvania and Jefferson Medical College. From the outset he has remained a close student of his profession, keeping in constant touch with tlie progress that is being made through the perusal of modern contributions to medical literature, while every three years he returns east, where he pursues a post-grad- uate course in surgery. He has specialized considerable in that department of practice, although he has continued as a practitioner of medicine since coming to Spokane in 1889. His business has constantlj' grown and he is now president of the staff of St. Luke's Hospital, while a large private practice makes constant demand upon his time and energies. He served six years as a member of the state medical examining board and he belongs to the Spokane Medical Society, while of the State Homeopathic Medical Society he is president.

On the 18th of April, 1889, Dr. Grove was married to Miss Elizabeth Laning, a daughter of M. B. Laning of Unionville, Pennsylvania. His social nature finds its expression in his membershijj in the Spokane Club, the Spokane Country club and the Inland Club. He is prominent in Masonry and has been honored with various local offices in the order, being a past master of Oriental Lodge, No. 74, F. & A. M.; a past master of Albert G. Mackey Lodge of Perfection, No. 8, A. A. S. R. ; a past master of Cascade Chapter of Rose Croix; a member of Oriental Consistory, No. 2, S. P. R. S.; and of El Katif Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. He has likewise been honored with the thirty-third degree which is bestowed only in recognition of superior service rendered to the order. His life has been quietly passed in devotion to his duty and he is now an extremely busy and successful practitioner who in his expressions concerning his brethren of the profession is friendly and indulgent.

Enoch E. Exgdahl

Enoch E. Engdahl, president of the Spokane Sash & Door Company, is one of the enterprising and capable citizens that Sweden has furnished Spokane. His natal day was the 23d of October, 1874, and his parents P. J. and Christina (Johnson) Engdahl. The father is still living but the mother passed away in 1904.

Enoch E. Engdahl was reared in his native land to the age of fifteen years, and there pursued his education in the national schools. Several years before leaving the old country he spent his vacations in a sash and door factory, where he first became familiar with the business he is now engaged in. In 1889 he left the land of his birth and came to America in search of a fortune, first locating in Minneapolis. Minnesota. During the succeeding five and a half j'ears he worked for various lumber companies in the latter citj', and at the end of that time went to Blue Earth, that state, to assume the management of a lumber factory, serving in that capacity for two and a half years. At the time of the Spanish-American war. in 1898, he enlisted in Company M, Twelfth Minnesota Volunteer Infantry and went to the front. After receiving his discharge, he located at Rock Island, Illinois, and engaged in the lumber business until 1901. He had long felt that the northwest afforded excellent opportunities to enterprising and ambitious young men, so in the latter year he located in Spokane. During the first year of his residence here he was superintendent of the Spokane-Idaho Lumber Company, but he subsequently organized the Post Falls Sash & Door Company. Six months later this enterprise was destroyed by fire, after which he organized the Spokane Sash & Door Company. He has ever since been president and manager of this industry, and under his capable direction it lias become one of the well establislied and thriving activities of the city. In addition to his extensive interest in this enterprise^ Mr. Engdahl is president of the Gardeng Investment Company, which is incorporated for one hmidred and fifty thousand dollars paid-up capital stock and owns a large portion of the stock of the Spokane Sash & Door Company. When he first came here ten dollars represented the entire capital of Mr. Engdahl, and in the intervening ten years he has not only acquired large and profitable business interests but he holds the title to three hundred and twentj^ acres of fine farming land in Stevens county, this state. He deserves much commendation for his achievements, as the prosperity that has crowned his efforts is the result of his own imaided effort. He is a capable man of progressive and enterprising methods, whose faith in his own abilities enables him to inspire confidence in others and win their cooperation. His clear judgment, foresight and determination of purpose have been his principal asset and have formed the dominant factors in his success.

At Minneapolis, Minnesota, on the 5th of January, 1900, Mr. Engdahl was united in marriage to Miss Anna G. Johnson, and they have become the parents of three children, Evelyn, Carl and Donald.

The family affiliate wth the Lutheran church. Fraternally Mr. Engdahl has attained the rank of the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and also belongs to El Katif Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He is likewise identified with Spokane Lodge, No. 228, B. P. O. E. He was vicegerent snark of the Concatenated Order of Hoo Hoos for two years for the eastern district of Washington and refused the third term on account of business reasons. He also was grand president of the Scandinavian Brotherhood of America in 1909 and 1910, and is now deputy supreme president for the Inland Empire. His connection with organizations of a more purely social nature is confined to his membership in the Spokane Club, and he is an honorable non-resident member of the Swedish Club of Seattle. The political support of Mr. Engdahl is given to the republican party, but he does not prominently participate in municipal affairs. He is a man of verj' simple tastes, does not care for society but is very much attached to his home and family. During the period of his residence here he has made many friends, as he possesses the qualities that enable him to compel and retain the esteem of those who meet him in either a business or social way.

Edgar E. K. Schmitt

Edgar E. K. Schmitt was born in Detroit, Michigan, on July 27, 1877. His grandfather, John Schmitt, coming to Detroit from Germany at the age of seven, as a boy worked for the Detroit Free Press, later engaging in the grocery business. He served for several terms as president of the common council of that city. Mr. Schmitt's father, Ernest L. Schmitt, also a native of Detroit was for two terms president of the board of estimates of Detroit. He died in 1887 being survived by his wife, who was Felicitas Kent of Pittsburg, a grand niece of General Burgoyne, and is now living in Spokane with her son.

Edgar E. K. Schmitt received his education at the Detroit .Jesuit College, now called the University of Detroit. Leaving school to engage in the undertaking busi- ness he became associated with the firm of P. Blake & Sons, of Detroit, Michigan. In April, 1 899, he came west and engaged in the hotel business opening the Hotel Cadillac on Riverside avenue in Juh' of the same year. In 1902, in partnership with W. G. Madison, he promoted the Bodie mine on Torado creek in Okanogan county. Since then he has been engaged in the real-estate business and is secretary and treasurer of the Continental Land Companj', owners of West Point Heights addition to Spokane.

On January 22, 1902, Mr. Schmitt married Miss Emma P. Case of Detroit, jNIichigan, youngest daughter of S. W. D. Case, a building contractor of that city and a veteran of the Civil war, having served as a member of the First Michigan Cavalry.

Mr. and Mrs. Schmitt have two children, Beatrice and Urban. The family are members of St. Aloysius Roman Catholic church, and Mr. Schmitt is a charter member of Spokane Comicil, Knights of Columbus, and the Royal Arcanum, of which he has been secretary for the past seven years. He is also a member of the Spokane Ad Men's Association. His time and efforts can be coimted upon when the welfare and material development of the Spokane country are being conserved. He is yet a comparatively young man but has steadily advanced in business, thus indicating the possession of qualities which bring him a creditable place in business circles.

Thomas Hooker

Thomas Hooker, a prominent representative of journalistic interests in the northwest, well known as manager of the Spokane Chronicle, and equally well known as the advocate and supporter of many measures and movements which have been essential factors in the development and progress of this section of the country, was born in New Haven, Connecticut, January 10, 18^8. His education was acquired in the public schools and an academy of that state and of Massachusetts, and in 1867, when nineteen years of age, he made his way to the middle west, settling first at Des Moines, Iowa, where he formed a partnership with his cousin, the Hon. E. H. Gillette, and opened up and developed one of the large grain and stock farms of that part of the state. In addition to his agricultural interests he served as deputy revenue collector of internal revenue in tlie sixth Iowa district, with headquarters .it Des Moines, from 1885 until 1889.

In August of the latter year ]\Ir. Hooker arrived in Washington and entered into active connection with the Chronicle in June of the following year, soon after the paper was published by J. J. Bro^vne. He became its circulation solicitor and afterward filled the positions of cashier and business manager, thus gradually working his way upward to his present position as manager. He applies solid business principles to the conduct of the paper and its success in recent years is attributable in large measure to his efforts and ability.

In 1872 Mr. Hooker was united in marriage to Miss Mary Louise Denison, of Denison, Iowa, and unto them have been born five children. Edward Hooker, their eldest son, is a graduate of the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, of Troy. New York, and is now engaged in business in New York city. Harold Hooker is a graduate of the University of Washingto'i and is president of the Spokane Concrete Company of this city. Arthur is a graduate of the Washington State College and is now secretary of the National Irrigation Congress, which held its nineteenth session recently in Chicago. William G., the youngest of the four sons, was a student in the W^ashington State College and is now a member of and in the employ of The Spokane Concrete Company. The only daughter of the family is Helen Hooker, a graduate of the Spokane higli school and a student of the School of Fine Arts at Yale University, in New Haven, Connecticut.

Charles Burgess Dunning

In the public life of the community as well as in business circles Charles Burgess Dunning has figured prominently in Spokane, where he is now fully occupied in looking after his invested interests and also has been for the last fourteen years general agent for the Greenwood Cemetery Association with offices in the Mohawk building. He was born at Smithville, New York, January 16, 1839, his parents being John and Ellen (McKay) Dunning, both of whom were natives of Scotland whence in early life they came to America, settling in New York. They were early residents of the section of the state in which they took up their abode and thus became associated with its development and progress.

Their son Charles pursued his early education in the district schools and afterward attended the Cincinnatus Academy of Cortland county, New York. He had all arrangements made to complete his education in Hamilton College but the Civil war broke out and, feeling that his first duty was toward his country, he put aside all personal considerations and offered his aid in behalf of the union cause, being assigned to Company C of the Eighth New York Volunteer Cavalry, with whicli he served from 1862 until mustered out after the close of hostilities on the 7th of June, 1865. He participated in many of the hotly contested engagements and never faltered in the face of danger but valiantly stood at his post whether on the firing line or engaged in lonely sentinel duty. He was in the battles of Mary's Heights, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Winchester, Cedar Creek and Appomattox. He was also with Sheridan at Five Forks. He sustained a severe wound in the cavalry engagement at Brandith's Station near Culpeper, Virginia, which necessitated remaining in the hospital from August, 1863, until March, 1864..

When the war was over and the country no longer needed Iiis aid ^Ir. Dunning returned to his home town with a most creditable military record and took up the duties of civil life as a farmer. Later he turned his attention to the profession of teaching as principal of a school at McDonough, New York, where he remained several years, but ill health caused him to seek a change of climate in the west and in 1880 he arrived in Washington, first taking up his abode at Walla Walla. Later lie began farming in the Palouse country and in 1886 arrived in Spokane, where for a quarter of a century he has made his home. While Mr. Dunning has been extensively connected with business interests, important public service has also claimed his attention. He has been a helpful factor in promoting the upbuilding and jirogress of the city in many ways and his labors in office have always been an element for law and order, for reform and improvement. After coming to the west he took up the study of law and was admitted to the bar in 1890. He was then elected judge of the police court, which position he filled for four years. He also served as a member of the city council for two years and exercised his official prerogative in that connection in support of many measures that have worked for tlie general good in Spokane. His political allegiance has always been given to the republican party since age conferred upon him the right of franchise. He is now actively connected with real-estate and mining interests as president of the Pittsburg Mining Company and as a member of the firm of Stocker & Dunning, general agents for the Greenwood Cemetery Association.

On April 23, 1867, Mr. Dunning was married in McDonough, New York, to Miss Josephine Hiller, a daughter of William and Abiah (Warren) Hiller, of that place. They became the parents of four children but William H., the eldest, is now deceased. The others are: Dr. Joseph Warren Dunning, of this city; Amata and JIarie E., who reside with their parents. ^Ir. Dunning has been a member of the ^lasonic fraternity since 1867 and his membership is now with Spokane Lodge, No. 3i, F. & A. M. He is more widely known, however, through his connection with the Grand Army of the Republic. His local relation is with Sedgwick Post and in 1906 he was elected commander of the department of Washington and Alaska. His wife is now president of the Women's Relief Corps for the depart- -ment of Washington and Alaska and thus both have had the highest honors that the Grand Army of the Republic and its organization in this state can bestow - honors which they have well merited because of their devotion to the society. Mr. Dunning has spent much of the last few years in travel abroad and has recently completed a year's trip around the world. His entire life is characterized by progress. His mind has ever been receptive to the lessons which life has to teach and his intellect has been constantly broadened through reading, investigation and travel which, after all, are the best teachers. P'or the past twenty-three years he has most satisfactorily filled the position of president of the board of trustees of the Unitarian church, which office he at present holds. Success has attended him in business ventures, making possible his enjoyment of those things which count for progress and pleasure in the world and in his trips abroad he has gained comprehensive knowledge of the lands and peoples of the new world, their customs, their art and their historv.

Edward Whitson

On tile list of prominent men who have been the builders of Spokane and jiromoters of her greatness appears the name of Judge Edward Whitson, and no name is spoken of in terms of higher respect and honor, for he maintained a position as one of the most capable jurists of the northwest, as a citizen whose public record was without guile and as a man who in every relation of life courageously and willingly performed the duties that devolved upon him. His record is indeed a credit to tliis section of the country and none was found more loyal to the interests and welfare of the northwest than .ludge Whitson. He was born in Linn county, Oregon, October 6. ]8.)2, tlie year following tlie arrival of Ills jiarents. wlio had made tlie long journey over the plains and through the mountain pass from Indiana to the coast. They had been early settlers of the state from which the_v came and were well fitted to cope with the conditions of pioneer life in Oregon. The father, Benjamin F. Whitson, was descended from Olive Wesley, a sister of John and Charles Wesley, the distinguished founders of Methodism and while a resident of Indiana married Eliza J. Brandon, who was born in that state although her parents were natives of Virginia and it is said belonged to some of the oldest families there. The grandfather was a minister of the Methodist denomination.

The educational system had been developed to only a limited degree during the boyhood days of Judge Whitson, who, however, made good use of time and opportimities while attending the public schools and later he became a student in the Willamette University, in which he completed the work of the junior ytar and graduated later from the Christian College at Monmouth, Oregon. He was a youth of about eighteen years when he came to Washington in 1870 in company ^rith his father and brother, devoting three or four years thereafter to stockraising in the Kittitas valley. While never neglectful of any duty his ambition reached out to broader fields and with desire to enter upon the stud}^ of law he sought occupation that would give him opportunity for preparation for the bar. Knowing that he would have to provide for his support while engaging in his law studies, he sought election to the office of auditor of Yakima county and received the indorsement of his fellow townsmen at the polls. He filled that position in 1875 and 1876 and was* then elected to the territorial legislature, representing his district in the lower house for one term. While in office he utilized every available moment for the study of law, yet neglected not in the slightest degree the duties that devolved upon him as a public official. In July, 1878, he was admitted to the bar and entered upon active practice in Yakima City, where he followed his profession until 1883, when he removed with the town to North Yakima and at that time was elected its first mayor. That his administration was progressive, beneficial, businesslike and economical is indicated by the fact that he was twice reelected to that position. At the same time he was making progress in his law practice, demonstrating his ability to successfully cope with the intricate problems of jurisprudence. He early became associated with the late John B. Allen, who far a long time was United States prosecuting attorney, practicing under the firm style of Allen & Whitson although 'Sir. Allen was not a resident of Yakima county. Later Mitchell Gilliam was admitted to the firm after having read law in their office, and the style of Allen, Whitson & Gilliam was then assumed. Fred Parker, who was also a law student of the firm, was afterward admitted to a partnership and his name added to that of the other three partners. After Judge Gilliam removed to EUensburg and Mr. Allen was elected to congress the firm became Whitson & Parker and so remained until ^larch 1 i, 1905, when Judge Whitson was appointed to the bench whereon he served until his death. There was considerable opposition to the division of the state into two judicial districts by a north and south line, as it was realized that this arrangement would not divide the court business as equally as could have been done by a line from east to west. Had the latter plan been pursued the court of admiralty cases and of these growing out of the relations of the great corporations engaged in the lumber and mining industries in the western portion of the state with each other and with transportation lines, would have been given to tlie new district. However, Judge Whitson's time was fully occupied after he ascended the bencli. '\VIien the business of Iiis court permitted he held court in the western district and also in Idaho, ^lontana and California, being called upon to hear and decide upon as great a variety of cases as arose in any district, many of them being quite as important and presenting most intricate and difficult questions. A contemporary biographer, writing of his judicial record, said: "He presided at the trial of Senator Borah in Idaho and decided the first insurance case growing out of the great earthquake which destroyed so large a part of San Francisco. This was the ease of Baker and Hamilton versus the Williamsburg Fire Insurance Companj' (157 Federal Reports. 280), wherein it was held that the clause in the company's policy on which the company relied to exempt it from loss on account of earthquake could exempt it only when the earthquake was shown to be the immediate, direct and proximate cause of the fire, which had not been proven. Shortly after his appointment to the bench he was called upon to decide a matter of curious interest in ^lontana. A soldier named Tully had been indicted in the state courts for the murder of a fellow-soldier on the military reservation near Missoula. His counsel had excepted to the jurisdiction of that court on the ground that the offense, if any, had been committed on a military reservation, over which the federal court had exclusive jurisdiction. The plea was overruled and the trial proceeded. The prisoner was found guilty and sentenced to be hanged. The case was subsequently taken to the supreme court of the state, which sustained the contention of the defendant in regard to the jurisdiction of the lower court and gave him his liberty. He was then indicted in the federal court, where his counsel pleaded that the reservation was not a place 'purchased by the consent of the legislature of a state for military purposes,' and therefore not within the exclusive jurisdiction of the federal court. Judge Whitson held that his court was not bound by the decision of the supreme court of the state in a matter that it ought to determine for itself and upon reviewing the history of the reservation found that it was not such a one as the constitution contemplated should be under the exclusive jurisdiction of congress, and therefore his court was without jurisdiction to try the prisoner at the bar. (110 Federal Reports, 899). In pronouncing this reluctant decision the court said: 'It is unfortunate that a murderer should go imwhipped of justice but it would be yet more unfortunate if any court should assume to try one charged with a crime without jurisdiction over the offense. In this case, in the light of the verdict of the jury in the state court, we may assume that justice would be done the defendant were he tried and convicted in anv court, and executed pursuant to the court's judgment. But in this court it would be the justice of the vigilance committee, wholly without the pale of the law. The fact that the defendant is to be discharged may furnish a text for the thoughtless or uninformed to say that a murderer has been turned loose upon a technicality; but this is not a technicalit}-. It goes to the very right to sit in judgment.'

"In another criminal case in his own district Judge Whitson was called upon to pronounce on the constitutionality of an act of congress making it a criminal offense to violate any rule or regulation instituted by the secretary of the interior for the protection of forest reserves. This provision was contained in the sundry civil appropriation bill of June 4, 1897. Subsequently a sheep owTier named Mathews had violated one of the regulations made after the act became law, and had been indicted therefor. The case presented the curious condition that the defendant was brought into court charged by a criminal offense which was not described as such bv anv statute or enactment of anv legislative body. He was eliarged solely with violating a regulation made by an administrative officer and while congress had declared that the violation of sueh regulations, when made, should constitute a criminal oifense, the court held that this was an attempt to delegate legislative authority that was wholly unwarranted by the constitution and therefore void. (146 Federal Reports, 306.) The defendant could not have found the offense virith which he was charged described in any statute of the United States and he could not be tried or convicted for pasturing sheep in a forest reservation without a permit in violation of a regulation made by an administrative officer when the offense was not prohibited by any statute of the United States. The case attracted wide attention at the time and was very generally discussed.

"The case of the Spaulding Manufacturing Company versus Evenson was one of particular interest to the merchants of eastern Washington. The complaining company was engaged in the manufacture of wagons, buggies and vehicles of various kinds in a foreign state, and sold its product through its own agents, who traveled through the country with teams, taking with them samples of the goods offered for sale. This interfered with the business of the agents of other manufacturers who maintained salesrooms in the various towns but did not travel about the country soliciting business. These agents were members of the Inland Empire Hardware Dealers' Association, and together with their associates, some of whom were in no way affected by the traveling salesmen, formed a special combination which they called 'the Peddlers Association' and which emploj'ed men to follow the Spaulding salesmen and by persuasion and sueh other means as they could employ prevent farmers and others from buying their wares. It was even claimed that they carried weapons and resorted to threats where arguments were not effective. The company applied for an injunction to restrain such interference with its business. A temporary injunction was first granted upon the showing made by the complaining companj^ and in making it permanent the court said that the acts complained of were 'not competition or intended as such but to suppress competition by destroying complainant's lawful business ; that they were done pursuant to an unlawful conspiracy between persons, some of whom were not even competitors, to interfere wth complainant's lawful right to carry on its business.' The defendants were therefore restrained from . pursuing the methods complained of for the purpose of preventing sales by the agents of the company but left free to canvass the district for the sale of similar goods made at other factories, should they so choose. (149 Federal Reports, 913.)

"In United States versus Great Northern Railway (14.5 Federal Reports, 438) it was held that all the cars used by a railroad company engaged in interstate commerce must be equipped with safety appliances, such as automatic couplers, as required by the act of congress, although the defendant company contended that only the cars so used were required to be so equipped. This was one of the earliest cases upon the subject and was of unusual interest to trainmen employed on all railroads doing an interstate business, since, being accustomed as they are. to cars equipped as the law requires, if they should come upon one not so equipped, particularly at night when they would not be able to see readily that the safety appliances they were accustomed to depend on, were lacking from some car, they might lose their lives or be seriously injured because of such absence, while if not depending on them they would escape injury.

Spokane And The Inland Empire 625

"The case of United States versus Moore (51 Federal Reports, 712) involved the right of an Indian to sell the land granted to him by act of congress and in pursuance of an agreement made with Chief Moses and others by agents of the government. This agreement did not contain any stipulation in regard to the authority of the Indian to sell the land so granted, either by reference to the treaty with the Omahas, as in the treaties made by Governor Stevens, or otherwise. The Indian office, however, assumed that the provisions of the general allotment act of 1887 applied in the case and an attempted sale made by the grantee to Moore was contested. Judge Whitson held that in the absence of e.xpress language in the treaty, providing a restriction of the right to alienate title, the understanding of the Indian in regard to the matter must be taken into account, and as the Indian clearly understood that he was to receive full title, his attempted sale and conveyance must be declared good. The case, however, was reversed upon appeal to the supreme court, which sustained the contention of the department.

"The suit of the board of trustees of Whitmay College versus Berryman et al., (156 Federal Reports, 112) involved a question of jurisdiction as well as the main question, which was as to whether certain property owned by the college but not used exclusively for college work was ta.xable. The defense contended that the amount of the tax claimed was not sufficient to give the federal court jurisdiction, being less than two thousand dollars, but the court held that the amount claimed for a single year only was not the whole sum involved, and heard and determined the case. In the opinion rendered the history of the college charter and its several amendments was carefully reviewed and the contention of the trusteees that all the property of the corporation was exempt from taxation was sustained. Opinions in interesting or important cases, written bj' Judge Whitson, in addition to those mentioned, are to be found in most of the thirty-seven volumes of the Federal Reports published since he went on the bench. Noteworthy among them are those in the cases of Morris versus Bean (146 Federal Reports, 423); Blowers & Company versus Canadian Pacific Railway Company (155 Federal Reports, 535); Potlatch Lumber Company versus Spokane Falls & Northern Railway Company (157 Federal Reports, 588); Phipps versus Oregon Railway & Navigation Company, (161 Federal Reports, 367); United States versus Wells et al., (163 Federal Reports, 313); In the matter of Meakins (164 Federal Reports, 334); In the matter of Cameron (165 Federal Reports, 112); Boyd versus Northern Pacific Railroad Company (170 Federal Reports, 9) and otliers."