Spokane, Washington - History, 1912 (part 6 of 23)

During the Gettysburg compaign Colonel Tannatt was in command of forces south of the Potomac, extending from Chain bridge to near Alexandria, and had imder him five regiments of heavy artillery and three regiments of one hundred day men from Pennsylvania. When General Grant took command Colonel Tannatt was ordered to select a brigade and join the Army of the Potomac, doing so on the third day of the Battle of the Wilderness. Three days after the engagement he was given a new brigade, consisting of the First Massachusetts, Third and Fifth jNIichigan and Fourth Wisconsin Regiments. These were known as the Second Brigade, Third Division, Second Army Corps, and in command General Tannatt took part in the battles of the Wilderness, Cold Harbor, North Anna, .Spottsylvania Courtliouse, Plank Road and several others. On the 14th of June, 1865, he was wounded in the battle of Petersburg, was sent to a hospital and later sent home. While he was convalescing, the war closed and he sent his resignation to Washington. His had been a splendid military record, both before and through the period of the war, and he was well entitled to release from further service.

In 1866 General Tannatt went to Colorado and engaged in making reports concerning mines for New York parties, which resulted in his return to the eastern metropolis and entering upon a three years' contract with six New York companies to act as resident engineer and general manager of their mines. He continued in that connection for five years, when his health failed and he returned to Massachusetts. Later he went to Tennessee, where he leased a state railroad thirty-five miles long and engaged in constructing thirty-five miles additional. When that wa.s completed he returned to Massachusetts, where he met Henry Villnrd and in the fall of 1877 came to the Pacific coast as Mr. Villard's confidential man. After seven months he returned to New York, where he continued with Mr. Villard for a year and then again came to the Pacific coast, where he invested in one hundred and fifty thousand acres of land for eastern capitalists. Some of this was purchased from the Northern Pacific in Whitman county. He also invested at Seattle and likewse purchased large tracts of land in the Grand Ronde valley of Oregon. General Tannatt was rejaresenting a company of which Mr. Villard was the head and which built and still owns the lines of the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company. All this land was controlled under the company name of the Oregon Improvement Company, with General Tannatt as manager and agent for eleven years. He then resigned his position to give his attention to fruit-raising at Farmington, having eighty-one acres in trees. He continued to develop and improve that property until 1907, when he retired, having the year previously purchased a home in Spokane, and in 1909 he sold his land at Farmington.

General Tannatt was the organizer and for four years the president of the East Washington Horticultural Society and for six years was regent at the Washington State Agricultural College. He owns considerable stock in the Trustee Company of Spokane and has attractive investments which return to him a good income.

At Manchester, Massachusetts, April 17, 1860, General Tannatt was married to Miss Elizabeth F. Tappan, a daughter of Colonel Eben and Sally Tappan. Their two children are: Eben T., an engineer by profession, who has an office in the Empire State building; and Miriam, the wife of Dr. C. K. Merriam. General Tannatt and his family are prominent socially and are well known on the Pacific coast. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic and in 1886-7 was commander of the Loyal Legion of Oregon. He was for two consecutive years mayor of Walla Walla. He also holds membership with the Knights of Pythias and is a member of All Saints Cathedral. He is today one of the eight oldest living graduates of West Point. His has been indeed an eventful career, in which many exciting and interesting incidents and events have occurred. Since the war his efforts have been an important factor in the development and progress of the northwest, the value of his service being recognized by all who know aught of the history of this section of the country.

Alphonso C. Edwards

In a perusal of the history of men whose lives have been spent on the Western frontier, one cannot but appreciate the force of the statement that truth is stranger than fiction. No tale of the novelist could present a character delineation more varied or more eventful in experiences than have come to Alphonso C. Edwards, who in the course of an active life has traveled extensively over the United States and Mexico. He knows the care-free life of the Western cowboy, has shared in the dangers of warfare with the Indians and at times has taken part in the less spectacular but usually more remunerative business interests which constitute the foundation for commercial stability and prosperity in well organized communities.

Mr. Edwards started upon life's journey in Wisconsin on tile 10th of June, 18,')], his parents being Amos H. and Eliza C. (Grant) Edwards, both of whom were natives of New England, the former having been born in Vermont in 181 4, while the latter's birth occurred in New Hampshire. Mrs. Edwards was a first cousin of General Grant and was descended from ancestry that came to America from Scotland during the colonial days. The family of Edwards is an old and prominent one of New England and traces its lineage back to Wales. Amos H. Edwards devoted his life to educational work and reached the venerable age of ninety years, passing away in 1904. The brothers of Alphonso C. Edwards are Altaire H., who was a member of the First Wisconsin Cavalry and lost his life during the Civil war; Charles P., who became a judge in one of the Nebraska courts and died in San Diego. California; Eo. R., a contractor living at Kearney, Nebraska; S. E., who is engaged in the hotel business at Ainsworth, Nebraska; Bert E., a contractor of Portland, Oregon; and Ivers C, who is engaged in the contracting business in Denver, Colorado. There was also one sister, Ella C widow of Isaac Henthorn, who, during his life, was a fruit grower of Bentonville, Arkansas.

During his early boyhood days Alphonso C. Edwards left his home in Wisconsin and went to Kansas, and his education, begun in the common schools of the former state, was continued through the opportunities afforded in the public-school system of the latter. He afterward took up the printing business and subsequently spent three years as a cowboy on the plains, riding the range from Texas, Kansas and the Indian Territory. During this period he had considerable experience in fighting the Indians and tells some interesting tales of his encounters with the red men, which appealed to him as pleasurable at that day, for he little thought of the seriousness of the situation. Tiring of cowboy life, he returned to the printing business which he followed in Arkansas and Tennessee and later went to Nebraska for one year, there devoting his attention to agricultural pursuits. He then reentered the journalistic field, becoming publisher of the Kearney Gazette, a strong Democratic paper, at the same time publishing the Shelton Clarion, an independent paper, and also the True Citizen of Kearney, which was published in the interests of the temperance movement. His initial step in merchandising was made in partnership with John D. Seaman in the wholesale shipping of hay from Kearney to Denver and later he became engaged in mining, being for two years associated with Brick Pomeroy. On the expiration of that period he went to Stout, Colorado, where he conducted a sutler's store for the Union Pacific Railroad, and later at Belknap, Montana, he conducted the business of the Belknap and Eagle City Transfer Company, making trips from Belknap to the mines.

^Ir. Edwards' identification with Spokane began on the 29th of January, 1884, and soon afterward he established a groeerj' store on Sprague and Howard streets, conducting it for a year. He then took charge of the circulation department of the Old Review, under Frank M. Dallam, occupying that position until the Review was purchased by Hon. Patrick Henry Winston, Willis Sweet and associates. It was then that Mr. Edwards turned his attention to the real-estate business, insurance and mining, all of wliich have claimed his attention more or less since that time. In 1894 he was appointed commissioner to Alaska by President Cleveland and remained in that country for three or four years, his headquarters being on the Island of Kodiak, just across the Alaskan peninsula from Behring Sea, when in August, 1907, he retired from the office and returned to Spokane. While on the return trip as a passenger on the steamer Mexico he was shipwrecked and for twenty-four hours was in the life-boat without food or water. Afterward he was for three days on an island and was finally taken up by the steamer City of Topeka and brought to Seattle. It was an awful experience and one never to be forgotten. The compass which he and his companions had was so rusty that the needle would not revolve. The ]\lexieo went down in five hundred feet of water when the fog was so thick they could see notliing and their only guide was the waves of the sea to tell them which way they were drifting. At length, however, Mr. Edwards found himself once more in Washington, and came from Seattle to Spokane where he has since been speculating in real estate and mining, his operations in the fields of mining having been largely in Chelan county. He is also interested in mining in a general way, operating and promoting, buying and selling mining property, his holdings being in Chelan, Stevens and Ferry counties, Washington, and in the Seven Devils of Idaho. His real-estate transactions in Spokane have been of an important and extensive character. He purchased property one hundred by one hundred and forty-two feet, at the corner of Riverside and Bernard streets, for eight hundred dollars, and afterward sold this for eighty thousand dollars. The corner lot at Brown and Riverside streets which he purchased for one thousand dollars he afterward sold for twenty-seven thousand dollars. His attention is now principally given to the purchase of property and the sale of houses on the installment plan, thus assisting many people in getting homes when they could not do so if the entire purchase price had to be paid outright. He has erected over two hundred houses which he sold in this manner, a number of them being at Hillyard, and among his purchasers have been many men employed in the railway shops.

In Helena, Arkansas, on the 29th of January, 1871, Mr. Edwards was married to Malinda Jayne McWhorter, a ward of John M. Palmer, of Illinois. She died March 31, 1899, leaving a son, Chester, who was the first newsboy on the streets of Spokane and is now one of the city detectives. On the 24th of December, 1901, at Tacoma, Washington, Mr. Edwards was again married, his second union being with Permelia Johnson McCoy. Mr. Edwards is one of the oldest members and the present treasurer of the Pioneer Society and has continuously held office in the organization, serving at different times as secretary, treasurer and trustee. He was one of the founders and is still a director of the Spokane Humane Society. It has ever been characteristic of Mr. Edwards that he has sought justice in every relation of life and that at many times this has been tempered with the higher attribute of mercy. He is called the father of Samaritan Lodge No. 52, I. O. O. F., which is the largest and financially the strongest lodge in the state of Washington. He acted as its first noble grand and was its first representative to the grand lodge of the state. He is also a past president of the Local Aerie and a member of the Grand Aerie of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, in which he still has his membershi)J. He is numbered among the progressive men who in the Chamber of Commerce are laboring through united effort to promote the upbuilding of Spokane. In politics he has ever been a democrat, and in the fall of 1910 was a candidate for lieutenant governor, his opponent being Governor Hay. Although defeated he ran far ahead of his ticket, a fact which indicates his personal popularity and the confidence reposed in him by the voters of the state. In early days he served on the state central committee and at different times has been a delegate to coimty and state conventions of the democratic party. The religious faith of Mr. Edwards is manifest in his attendance at the services of the Christian Science church.

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There are few men today who can speak ^vith better authority concerning the history of the west and its upbuilding than can Alphonso C. Edwards. He saw this district when the seeds of civilization had scarcely been planted on the Pacific coast, and he has traveled from Point Barrow, the most northern point of land belonging to the United States in the Arctic Ocean, through to the City of Mexico and all through" the mountains of the coast and Rocky ranges before the railroad was built. He has traveled on horseback throughout the Rockjf Mountain mining districts, camping along the way, and has visited over thirty states of the Union. Before the railroad was built he started from Spokane with Charles P. Oudin, making his waj' do^vnnvard through Idaho, and went from Lewiston a distance of one hundred and fifty miles south on horseback, through an unexplored country, mth nothing but the course of the rivers for their guide. Such a trip into the wilds has always been a source of delight and interest to him. He loves to get into close touch mth nature and never seems to feel the loneliness which often impresses a city man when he travels into the wilds. Mr. Edwards rejoices, however, in what has been accomplished in the development and improvement of this section, and has lived to see property in Spokane and this district increase in value from a few dollars per acre to many thousands. His own prosperity has come to him in a measure through this advance in land values and it also is the tangible evidence of his judicious investments and keen business discernment.

Asa V. Bradrick

Asa V. Bradrick, one of St. Maries' capable and progressive business men and the secretary, treasurer and manager of the Milwaukee Lumber Company, was born in Union county, Indiana, on October 26, 1861, and is a son of Mahlon and Sarah (Warman) Bradrick.

He attended the common schools of Union county in the acquirement of an education ujD to the age of eighteen years, when he laid aside his text-books and entered the employ of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railroad Company in the capacity of agent and operator at the various stations on their line. He remained in their service for twelve years, during four of which he was also county clerk of Union county. In 1891 he withdrew from the railroad business and went to Connersville. Fayette county, Indiana, where he devoted his energies to the breeding and raising of stock, at the same time publishing a paper in Connersville. He continued in these occupations for three years and then went to Shelbyville, Shelby county, Indiana, there establishing a daily and weekly newspaper, known as The Jeffersonian. This publicatoin received favorable public notice because Mr. Bradrick used its columns to expose political graft, his being one of the first papers in the state to make public denunciation of this nefarious practice.

He remained in Shelbyville until the fall of 1901, when he came to Idaho, locating in Priest River, where he became associated with others in the organization of The White Pine Lumber Company, of which lie was secretary. After being identified with this enterprise for about three years, he disposed of his interests and in 1901 went to Spokane, Washington. In connection with W. H. Gerhart, of Omaha, Nebraska, he established a wholesale lumber business, the second concern of the kind to be operated in Spokane. Five years later he removed to St. Maries and organized the Milwaukee Lumber Company, with Fred Herrick of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, as president, W. D. Harrigan of Fulton, Alabama, as vice president, and Asa V. Bradrick as secretary, treasurer and manager. It is a well organized and thoroughly established industry, having the only steel and concrete mill in the northwest. Their plant is thoroughly modern in every respect, the planing mill being operated by electricity, while they furnish light and power to the city of St. Maries. It is the first company to have entered into extensive contracts with the government for timber and they are now building twenty miles of logging road, branching off from the Chicago, Milwaukee & Puget Sound Railroad, thirty miles east of St. Maries, by means of which they will be able to reach large bodies of timber for which they have contracted. Their mill has a capacity of two hundred and fifty thousand feet per day, and cut forty million feet of Idaho white pine during the first year of operation.

Mr. Bradrick was married on the 13th of May, 1885, to Miss Harriet Macdougal, a daughter of Alex and Amanda Macdougal, of Union county, Indiana. Of this union there were born two children: Quincy, who was born in 1889 and died in 1907, and Asa W., who was born in 1891 and is a student of the Washington State College of Pullman, Washington.

Much attention has always been given by Mr. Bradrick to all church and public work, and while living in Spokane he was affiliated with the First Methodist Episcopal church. He was a member of the building and finance committee that raised the funds for the rebuilding of their church edifice following its destruction by fire in 1907, while at that time he was also a trustee of the Young Men's Christian Association, rendering much assistance to this organization in their efforts to get the fimds for their present building. As trustee of the One Hundred and Fifty Thousand Club of Spokane he gave efficient service, and he proved to be a most capable chairman of the committee that raised the money for the building of the Children's Home of that city in 1908, raising forty thousand dollars in one day. Mr. Bradrick always contributes generously of both his time and money in promoting any philanthropic movement, not as a matter of duty but as availing himself of a privilege that affords him pleasure.

Philip Casey

Railway service presents great attractions to men of alert and energetic nature and thousands of the most competent young men of America have found in the railway business a satisfactory channel for the exercise of their talents and energies. Of this number is Philip Casey, who is now agent for the Great Northern Railroad at Hillyard. He was born at Rockland, Michigan, June 26, 1870, a son of John and K.itherine (Dunno) Casey. The father was a lover of the Union and served valiantly in the Civil war. He died in 1888 and the mother passed away in May, 1884.

Philip Casey lived at Rockland until four years of age, when the family moved to Champion, Michigan. He attended school until fifteen years of age and then began working as a telegraph messenger boy, at the same time acquiring a knowl- edge of telegraphy. A year later he became operator for the Duluth South Shore & Atlantic Railroad. He then attended the Spencerian Business College, of Detroit, Michigan, for one j'ear, and after leaving this school accepted a position in the office of Robinson & Company, a wholesale boot and shoe house, of that city, and remained for eighteen months. On account of the death of his father, he returned home and became telegraph operator and ticket clerk for the Duluth South Shore & Atlantic Railroad and the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul, for three years. Withdrawing from this position, he removed to Superior, Wisconsin, and there became connected with the Great Northern Railroad Company as clerk in the freight office, and remained in this position for six months.

He was next employed in the auditor's office of the Great Northern Railway at St. Paul as revising clerk and continued there for one j'ear. After lea\ang St. Paul he served for eight years as agent at Bonners Ferry, Idaho; for ten months at Wilson Creek, Washington; and for six and one-half years at Bellingham, Washington. Since September, 1909, he has been agent at Hillyard and, as he possesses a fine address, good business capacity and understands every detail pertaining to his office, he has made many friends for the railway company and ranks among the most popular men of this section.

In 1898, at Duluth, Minnesota, Mr. Casey was married to Miss Eva Stewart, and to this union four children have been born, Edward, Helen, Philip and Robert, the three eldest of whom are now attending the public schools. Mr. Casey is not identified with any political organization but is a member of Knights of Columbus and a supporter of all movements that have for their object the promotion of the best interests of the community. Starting as a boy upon his own resources, he has held closely to principles of truth and justice, at all times performing his duty to the best of his ability, and it may be said of him that he has added not only to the comfort and happiness of his own family but to the advancement of all with whom he has had business or social relations.

Bradford S. Sheire

The effect of conscientious application backed by a worthy ambition to advance to a place of responsibility is clearly shown in the record of Bradford S. Sheire, cashier of the First National Bank of Hillyard. A native of Detroit, Michigan, he was born January 17, 1860. His father, Romaine Sheire, was a soldier for the Union in the Civil war, enlisting in Company F. First Michigan Engineers, under Colonel Ennis. He participated in the battle of Mills Spring and many minor engagements and also marched with Sherman's army to the sea. He died in 1904. The maiden name of the mother of our subject was Elvira Hopkins. Jeremiah Mead, the great-grandfather, was also a soldier. He served in the Revolutionary war as a private in Captain Matthew Van Benschoven's Company, Colonel Dink Brinkerhoff's Regiment, which was the Second Regiment of Dutchess County Militia of New York state.

Mr. Sheire of this sketch received his preliminary education in the public schools of St. Paul, Minnesota, and later became a student of the St. Paul high school, from which he was graduated in 1878. At the age of eighteen he began learning the painter's trade at St. Paul and entered the employ of the Great Northern Railway in that state, and continued with this company until 1895. In the year last named he was transferred to Hillyard as foreman of the paint shop for the same road, a position which he filled for thirteen years. In 1908 he was appointed assistant cashier of the First National Bank of Hillyard and discharged his duties so acceptably, that in April, 1911, he was advanced to the position of casliier. This office he has filled to the entire satisfaction of the directors and patrons of the institution, and owing to his special aptitude for the position he has assisted materially in promoting the interests of the bank.

On the 4th of August, 1881, Mr. Sheire was married at St. Paul to Miss Frances A. Gibbs, a daughter of Darius S. Gibbs. The father in his younger da3's served in the Mexican war in the same company as Ulysses S. Grant, who was then a second lieutenant. Later Mr. Gibbs wore the uniform of the blue in the great Rebellion under General Grant. Mr. and Mrs. Sheire are the parents of four children: Mary A., now Mrs. P. R. Flanagan; Alice L. ; Elvira; and Mabel M.

Politically Mr. Sheire supports the republican party and served as city clerk of Hillyard from 1907 to January 1, 1909. He belongs to the Sons of Veterans and the Sons of the American Revolution and also is an active member of the Odd Fellows. He has passed through the various chairs of the subordinate lodge and encampment and is a past grand and a past chief patriarch. In addition to membership in the orders named he is identified with the Ancient Order of United Workmen, the Modern Woodmen of America and is a member of the Hillyard Chamber of Commerce, serving as its treasurer. In religious matters he is affiliated with the First Baptist church, of which he is a member. He is a man of good business capacity, acknowledged integrity of character, and also possesses an energy and progressiveness which are prominent attributes of leaders in all lines of endeavor. He has won a gratifying measure of prosperity and is recognized as a reliable and substantial citizen whom to know is to honor.

Harry S. Martin. M. D.

In a thorough preparatory course and later in post-graduate work, Dr. Harry S. Martin laid the foundation for the success and progress which he has attained as a practitioner of medicine and surgery. For fourteen years he has followed his profession in Spokane, at all times keeping in touch with the advancement that is being made by those who are regarded as leaders in this field. He was born, April 30, 1856, in the city of Guelph, Ontario, his parents being Peter S. and Elizabeth (Hall) Martin, both of whom were natives of England. The father's birth occurred in Nottinghamshire, while the mother was a native of Berksliire. She was descended from one of the old families of central England but Peter S. Martin represented a family that came originally from Normandy with William the Conqueror, at which time the name was spelled Martyne. Peter Martin was a farmer and stockman and in the year 1851 crossed the Atlantic in a sailing vessel to Canada, where he carried on general agricultural pursuits and also took a somewhat active part in public affairs, serving as councilman and registrar of Wellington count}'. He died in 1888, while his wife passed away in 1893. The two brothers of Dr. ^Martin are: Frank ]M., ]M. D., who is a graduate of Toronto University and now resides at Dundalk, Ontario ; and George ^Martin, who is managing a farm at Valley ford, Washington. He wedded Mary Gerrie, two of whose brothers married daughters of the Martin family. The three sisters of Dr. Martin are: Ada, the wife of James McKee, who is engaged in the real-estate business in Vancouver, British Columbia, their daughter, i\Irs. Hindley, being now the wife of Spokane's mayor; Emma, the wife of the Rev. Andrew Gerrie, residing in Torrington^ Connecticut; and Martha, the wife of Rev. John P. Gerrie, who is now editing a newspaper at Stratford. Ontario.

Dr. Martin devoted his youthful days largelv to the acquirement of an education, attending the high school at Fergus and at Mount Forest, Ontario, and later the Ottawa Normal School. His medical education was obtained in Victoria University at Toronto, Ontario, where he won his professional degree. His first appointment was that of resident physician in the Toronto General Hospital and subsequently he embarked upon an independent practice near Guelph, Ontario, where he remained for eleven years. He next went to Chicago, where he spent nine months in pursuing post-graduate work in the Northwestern and Rush Medical Colleges and in a post-graduate school of medicine on Dearborn street. In May, 1897, he arrived in Spokane and in July of the same year took the state board medical examination, after which he at once entered upon active practice, in which he has since continued. He is ever careful in the diagnosis of cases and his judgment is sound and reliable. His work has commanded the respect of his professional brethren, who appreciate his close conformity to a high standard of professional ethics and the ability which he displays in the administration of remedial agencies. He is now secretary of the staff of the Sacred Heart Hospital, which is the pride of Spokane, and has occupied the position for several years. He was also the first city bacteriologist of Spokane, instituting the movement for the establishment of the department and made a fine record as the incumbent thereof.

On the 24th of June, 1886, occurred the marriage of Dr. ^Martin and Miss Margaret L. Brown, a daughter of Dr. M. J. Brown, of Detroit, Michigan, now deceased. Her father was a cousin of Frances Folsom, who became the ^vife of Grover Cleveland. He belonged to a well known old family and was distinguished for his service in the Union army. Dr. and Mrs. Martin have two sons: Douglas Ewart, nineteen years of age, now attending Whitman College; and Frank ^IcPherson, eight years of age, attending the public schools.

Dr. ^lartin is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and is interested in all its plans and movements for the development of the city, the exploitation of its resources and for the promotion of its material interests. His political support is given to the republican party and he is identified with many fraternal organizations, including the Masonic, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Ancient Order of United Workmen, the Knights of Pythias, tlie Woodmen of tlie World and the Canadian Order of Foresters. He has been a noble grand in the Odd Fellows lodge, a master workman of the Workman's lodge, and medical examiner of the Woodmen of the World. In more strictly social lines he is also well known as a member of the Spokane Club and the Country Club and as a life member of the Spokane Athletic Club. He is an enthusiastic member and one of the directors of the Young Men's Christian Association and for several years served on the finance committee during tlie time the ]iresent building was erected. His life has been an expression of manj^ notable principles and he is well known as an exemplary representative of the various societies to wliich he belongs and which have their root in beneficent purpose. In his professional service he has ever held to high ideals. With him sound judgment has never been sacrificed to hasty opinion and while he manifests a progressive spirit in adopting new ideas and improvements, he has never been quick to discard old and time tried methods which have had their root in long experience and bear the sanction of sound judgment.

The steps in the orderly progression of John K. McCornack are easily discernible and have brought him from a comparatively humble position in the business world to an important place in financial circles, for he is now vice president of the Union Securities Company of Spokane, in which connection he displays a thorough knowledge of the banking business in every particular, with ability to coordinate its affairs and extend its connections. He has always been a resident of the Pacific northwest, his birth having occurred upon a farm near Eugene, Oregon, April 4, 1863. His parents were Andrew and Maria (Eakin) McCornack, both of whom were natives of Scotland, the mother being a direct descendant of the royal house of Stuart of Scotland. The father belonged to an old Highland Scotch family with an almost irreproachable record. It is said that none of them ever became wealthy and none of the name were ever accused of a crime. The ancestry can be officially traced back to 1260 and they held Scotch leases from 1310 to 1836. Honesty and integrity, loyalty and truth were among their marked characteristics and none who knew them could speak of them but in terms of respect and esteem. On coming to America Andrew McCornack, Sr., settled first in Elgin, Illinois, and afterward Andrew ]\IcCornack, Jr., crossed the plains with horses and ox teams in 1852, bringing with him his wife and five children. That was the year during the period of gold excitement on the Pacific coast, when emigration was heaviest, and they suffered the usual hardships and privations incident to such a trip. At length, however, tliey reached Oregon and the father took up the occupation of farming near Eugene. He was a public-spirited man who served as school director and in other local offices and also rcjaresented his district in the Oregon legislature. His death occurred in 1871 and his wife passed away about thirty years later. The six brothers and five sisters of John K. McCornack are as follows: Walter R., who was a farmer and stockman and also sheriff of Lane county, Oregon, is now deceased. Edwin A. is a resident of Eugene, Oregon. William A. is a retired physician living in Oakland, California. Eugene P. is engaged in the practice of law in Salem, Oregon. Herbert F. is a retired physician and fruit grower of Eugene, Oregon. Frank H. is engaged in the lumber business at Klamath Falls, Oregon. Helen I. is the wife of J. G. Stevenson, of Eugene. Nettie M. is the wife of Charles M. Collier, also of Eugene. Agnes M. is the wife of Dr. E. P. Geary, of Portland, Oregon. Mary E. is also living in Eugene, and Leathe is the wife of Frank Wells, of San Francisco.

John K. McCornack pursued his early education in the public schools of Eugene and afterward attended tlie state university, from which he was graduated in 1882.

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His first work was at government surveying, in which he engaged while yet attending college, spending five months of the year in the field and the remainder of the time at his studies. Later he entered the state land office at Salem, Oregon, as chief clerk, remaining there for two years, after which he went to California. He spent two years in that state, emplo3'ed on construction work in Mendocino county, and in the winter months attended husiness college. He then returned to Salem, spending a short time in the land office, and later entered the United States Land Office at The Dalles about 1886. There he worked as chief clerk for a year, after which he secured a position as bookkeeper in The Dalles National Bank, remaining there until Jul}', 1889. At that date he went to Palouse, Washington, where he organized tlie Security State Bank, of which he became a director and cashier, having exclusive charge of the bank from its opening in September, 1889. After a time he was elected to the presidency and at all times was its manager until his removal to Spokane in May, 1910. In January of that j'ear he was elected vice president and general manager of the Union Securities Company and came to Spokane to seek a broader field of usefulness for his industry and enterprise, which are his dominant qualities.

Wliile in the Palouse country ^Mr. ^McCornack filled the office of city treasurer and mayor. His time, however, was devoted principally to the bank, although he also operated largely in saw milling and was the owner of considerable farm land there, the greater part of which was under cultivation, most of it being planted to grain. He also owned a large amount of timber land. He still retains the presidency of the Security State Bank, is president of the Lewiston National Bank of Lewiston, Idaho, and president of the Idaho Trust Company of Lewiston. The Union Securities Company, of which he is vice president and general manager is incorporated for one million dollars and owns large interests in thirty-two banks located throughout the Spokane country and its trading zone - the district known as the Inland Empire. The organizers believed that such a project would be profitable, but the main object was to raise the standard of banking by careful management and auditing and through close supervision from the head office. The directors are F. A. Blackwell, J. A. Caughren, Jay P. Graves, T. J. Humbird, T. L. Greenough, John Porter, Fred B. Grinnell, J. K. McCornack and D. W. Twohy, the last named being president. The investors in this company are among the best known and successful business men of the northwest who, wishing to invest in bank stocks, but feeling the responsibility in the banking business and the necessity of closer attention and more full knowledge than their other interests allowed them to give to this class of investments, conceived the idea of an investment company to hold and look after bank stocks. They beheved that by using the best manager they could get for their company as a sort of adviser for the various banks in which they should be or become interested, the best auditor obtainable, and the best system of reports, they could safeguard the banks in the system much better than acting singly in their ownership, and probably both raise the standard of banking and at the same time make equal, if not greater, profits. However, the main objects were safety in bank-stock investments, and this of course would mean safety to depositors, as well as ability to properly care for borrowers. The details of the Union Securities Company were quickly worked out, the company formed in 1909. and Mr. McCornack elected vice jjresident and general manager late in that year In that jjosition Mr. McCornack has made a notable record, wisely developing his na- tive talents and powers and so using his opportunities that he has reached a prominent position and one that contributes as well to the financial stability of the northwest.

In January, 1888, Mr. McCornack was married to Miss Mary F. De Huff, a daughter of P. W. De Huff, a retired resident of The Dalles and one of the pioneers of Oregon who crossed the plains with the earliest settlers and took charge of the first steamboat on the upper Columbia river running from Lewiston. Mrs. McCornack crossed the plains when a young girl. Unto Mr. and Mrs. McCornack have been born two children : Robert De Huff, who is in the State University at Eugene, Oregon; and Helen, now a student in the Spokane high school. Mr. Mc- Cornack holds membership in several fraternal and social organizations, belonging to the Odd Fellows lodge, in which he has passed all the chairs, the Knights of Pythias and the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He also has membership relations with the Spokane Club, the Spokane Countrv Club and the Inland Club. In politics he is a republican and was always an active worker in party ranks until the last few years. He has been a member of the county coinmittee, has been a delegate to county and state conventions and was mayor of Palouse for three years and treasurer for three years. The demands of his banking interests are now too heavy to allov.- active participation in politics, especially as an office holder, but do not preclude his cooperation in various movements of good citizenship whereby the welfare and upbuilding of the city are advanced.

William G. Burch

William G. Burch is successfully engaged in business as a member of the stationery firm of J. W. Tabor & Company of Wallace, owning a half interest in the enterprise. His birth occurred at Walla Walla, Washington, on the 18th of June, 1876. his parents being Dr. B. F. and Laura (Havermale) Burch. The father, a physician by profession, came to Walla Walla from Illinois and later took up his abode in Spokane. He was the original proprietor of the Hotel Spokane, and was at one time one of the most extensive property owners in Spokane. The maternal grandfather of our subject came to that city in 1875, took up a homestead and began its development, but at the time of the Indian troubles there was obliged to remove his family to the island. The mother of William G. Burch was one of the very few white women in Spokane during the Indian unrest. She still makes her lionie there and is well known and highly esteemed throughout the community.

William G. Burch obtained his education in the schools of Spokane and when a youth of fourteen secured employment in the stationery establishment of John W. Graham, his brotlier-in-law. At the end of six years he became a traveling representative for Mr. Graham, remaining on the road for twelve years. In 1908 he came to Wallace, Idaho, and purchased a half interest in the stationery concern of .1. W. Tabor, who had been conducting the business for twenty years. The firm is now known as J. W. Tabor & Company, and Mr. Burch has proven an active factor in its continued growth and success.

On the 18th of July. 1899, in Chicago, Illinois, Mr. Burch was united in marraige to ]\Iiss Harriette Spoor, a daughter of George E. Spoor, who took up his abode among the pioneer settlers of Spokane, but later removed to Chicago. Mr. and Mrs. Burch have one son, Wallace Spoor, whose natal day was June 17, 1900. Mr. Burch is a member of Spokane Lodge No. 228, B. P. O. E., and also belongs to the United Commercial Travelers Association. There has been nothing sensational or unusual in his life history, which has been characterized by devotion to business duties and cares. At all times his actions have been sincere, his manner unaffected, and whether in commercial or social circles he deserves the respect of those with whom he comes in contact.

Julius Galland

Julius Galland is president of the Northwest Loan & Trust Company, of Spokane, and in this as well as in other business connections has become widely known in this section of the country. He has alwavs resided on the Pacific slope and the spirit of enterprise and progress characteristic of this section of the country has continually been manifest in his active life. He was born in Oregon, February li, 1860, his parents being Solomon and Adelaide (Goodman) Galland, both of whom were natives of Prussia, but the latter was reared in England. She is now living in Spokane, ha\ang for many years survived her husband, who died in 1883. In early youth he left his native land for Australia, and afterward became a resident of California, arriving in that state in 1851. There he engaged in merchandising, conducting a store in San Francisco during the days of early mining excitement and of heavy emigration to that state. About 1858 or 1859 he went to Oregon, but in the meantime returned to Australia during the mining excitement there. He stood very high in Masonic circles. The three brothers of Julius Galland are: Theodore, who was president of the Northwest Loan & Trust Company, but died in May, 1908; and Adolph and Samuel, who are vice president and secretary respectively of the same company.

The brothers have always been associated closely in their business relations. Like the others, Julius Galland was educated in the public schools and academies of Oregon, and took up the study of law, preparing especially for railroad and corjioration work under Senator Joseph N. Dolph. One year after his admission to the bar he came to Washington, arriving in the Palouse country in the spring of 1883. He took charge of a general mercantile business at Farmington and became associated with his two brothers, opening a store in Palouse in the fall of 1888 under the name of Galland Brothers. They further extended their acti\'ities by establishing a store at Wallace, Idaho, in the spring of 1889, and in the spring of 1891 they closed out their holdings in Palouse and Farmington preparatory to coming to Spokane, having decided upon a removal. Here they established a brewery business and in the fall of 1891 they disposed of their store in Wallace. In the ^ame fall they began the erection of a building for the Galland Burke Brewing Company and had the plants fully in operation by June, 1892. In 1902 the Galland Burke plant was sold to the Spokane Brewing & Malting Company. It was four years after this that the Galland brothers organized the Northwest Loan & Trust Company, which is entirely within their ownership and control, with Clarence J. SmitJi as cashier. The business has a capital of one hundred thousand dol- lars with a surplus of about seventy thousand dollars. Its remarkable success for a new institution has awakened the admiration of bankers throughout this section of the country. Its policy maintains an even balance between conservatism and progressiveness and, carefully safeguarding the interests of depositors, the bank is making rapid strides toward success. The brothers are also largely interested in the Holland Horr Mill Company, and with that company own lumber across the river. They are also interested in the Spokane Title Company as directors.

Samuel Galland was born January 1, 1869, in Butteville, and was educated in the public schools and the high school of Portland. Adolph Galland was born August 17, 1865, at Butteville, and was educated in the same manner as his brothers. The former was married in June, 1907, to Miss Edith Hexter, of Portland, Oregon, a daughter of Levi Hexter, now deceased, who was in the wholesale hardware business as a member of the firm of Hexter, May & Company. Unto Samuel Galland and his wife have been born two children, Samuel and Theodore. Adolph Galland was married June 8, 1898, to Miss Maude Reubens, a daughter of Louis Reubens, now living retired in Spokane.

In addition to their other interests the three brothers are stockholders in a brewing plant at Wallace, Idaho, and in the Gambrinus Brewing Plant of Portland, Oregon. Julius Galland is a member of the Masonic fraternity and for thirty years has been a Royal Arch Mason. Both Samuel and Adolph Galland are life members of Spokane Lodge, No. 228, B. P. O. E., and Julius and Adolph are charter members of Tyrian Lodge, A. F. & A. M. All three brothers are members of the Spokane Athletic Club and Julius Galland is a member of the Chamber of Commerce. In politics he has always been a republican, active in the work of the party, and has been a delegate to city and county conventions. He is a business man of progressive spirit and unfaltering determination, who accomplishes everything that he undertakes and steadily works his way upward to success, employing modern business methods and wisely utilizing every opportunity that comes to hand.

Adolph Donart

Adolph Donart, who established a floral and hothouse business at Coeur d'Alene in 1909, is now at the head of the most extensive enterprise of this character in northern Idaho. His birth occurred at Charlottenburg, Germany, on the 29th of August, 1880, his parents being William and Augusta Donart. In 1882 they crossed the Atlantic to the United States, settling in Minnesota, where the father was engaged in business as a contractor and brick mason. In 1909 he left that state and joined his son Adolph at Coeur d'Alene, where he and his wife have since lived in honorable retirement.

Adolph Donart obtained his education in the public schools of Minnesota, and began working at the floral business when between twelve and thirteen years of age. He was subsequently employed by florists in Minnesota, Colorado, California and Washington and thus became thoroughly familiar ^vith the science of horticulture. In 1909 he came to Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, and founded his present establishment, now conducting the foremost enterprise of this kind in northern Idaho. He has over twenty thousand square feet under glass, comprising ten hothouses equipped with all modern improvements. He raises both flowers and hothouse vegetables, supplying a large demand in Spokane and likewise making shipments throughout all parts of northern Idaho.

On October 5, 1911, Adolph Donart was married to Miss Genevieve Taylor, a daughter of Chipman Howard and Hannah Taylor, of Coeur d'Alene, the ceremony taking place in Spokane. Mr. Donart has won a gratifying measure of prosperity for one of his years and it is safe to predict that a bright future lies before him.

John Muse Burke

Among the men whose names figure prominently in connection with the development of mining interests in the northwest was John Muse Burke. He started out in life practically empty-handed but steadily worked his way upward, energy and determination proving the basis of his success, which was also due to his recognition and utilization of opportunity. He was a native of Virginia, bom September 18, 1842, his parents being Thomas and Isabel Burke. The father was prominent and well kno^\Ti as the o^vner of a Virginia plantation on which he kept a number of slaves. He died when liis son John was but five years of age and the mother passed away a few years later, leaving the boy an orphan. He was reared and educated by an uncle, John W. Burke, of Alexandria, Virginia, and acquired considerable knowledge of those fundamental branches of learning wliich are most essential as factors in success in later life. His uncle then placed him in a banking establishment in Alexandria where he remained for several years, thus receiving his practical business training. He next went to Memphis, Tennessee, where he was engaged, in banking for a short time, and removed thence to Omaha, Nebraska, where he entered the banking house of Komitze Brothers, with whom he continued until the building of the Union Pacific Railroad into Salt Lake City. Mr. Burke then made his way westward with supplies, following the road into the Mormon citadel, after which he became interested in mining properties in that locality. Subsequently he was engaged in mining, smelting and merchandising in southern Utah where he remained until 1883, when he left that district, going to Murray, Idaho, during the gold excitement. He remained at that point for two years and was not only active and prominent in business circles but also became recognized as a leading worker in the ranks of the democratic party, upon whose ticket he was chosen to represent Shoshone county in the state legislature at Boise, Idaho.

Ever watchful of business opportunities and recognizing advantages which others passed heedlessly by, Mr. Burke became interested in the development of lead mines in Idaho and was afterward very active and prominent in the promotion of mining and other business interests in that state. That he was regarded as a leading figure there is indicated by the fact that the tovra of Burke was named in his honor. He remained a resident of Idaho until 1887, when he came to Spokane, where he located permanently. He continued there in the mining business and it was he that handled the Tiger, Bunker Hill, Emma and Last Chance properties.

which now belong to the Federal Mining Company. He was also interested in mining in Kaslo and Rossland, British Columbia, and varied and important business pursuits occupied his attention until his death, which occurred while he was on a visit in Pennsylvania, on the 13th of September, 1908. For a considerable period he figured as one of the most prominent representatives of democracy in Idaho and was the candidate of the party for governor of that state during the Cleveland administration.

On the 12th of September, 1872, in Salt Lake City, Mr. Burke was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Greenig, a daughter of Daniel and Sarah (Allen) Greenig, who were natives of Philadelphia and in 1850 came westward to Salt Lake City, where the father engaged in merchandising. Mr. and Mrs. Burke became the parents of one son, Daniel J., who is now engaged in mining. He married Estelle Bennett and they have two children, Daniel B. and Sarah A. An adopted daughter, Sarah Eva Burke, is now making her home with Mrs. Burke in Spokane.

In religious faith Mr. Burke was an Episcopalian and his fraternal relations were with the Masons and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He was very charitable and possessed all of the charming characteristics of a southern gentleman - big-hearted, kind, liberal and very courteous. He gave freely of his means to those who needed assistance and again and again reached out a helping hand to fellow travelers upon life's journey. He was also ever ready to speak a word of encouragement or advice and his own example was an inspiration to others, showing what may be accomplished when determination and energy lead the way.

Jacob R. Taylor

For more than twenty-eight years the firm of Binkley & Taylor has maintained a continuous existence, the partners being J. W. Binkley and Jacob R. Taylor, whose connection with the bar and operations in financial circles have constituted an important and forceful element in the general growth and prosperity of Spokane and outlying districts. The birth of Mr. Tajdor occurred in Ontario, Canada, on the 21st of December, 1854, his parents being George and Margaret (Rymal) Taylor. In pursuing his education he spent some time as a student of the Collegiate Institute at Brantford, Ontario, and afterward prepared for the bar as a law student in Toronto University. On crossing the border into the United States he made his way to Denver, Colorado, where he took the required examination and was admitted to the bar in 1882. He then came to the northwest, with Seattle as his destination and in that city was joined by his cousin, J. W. Binkley. After a brief period in Seattle and a short stay in Tacoma they decided upon Spokane as a favorable location, and opened a law office, continuing in general practice for a time but later turning their attention to financial interests, organizing in 1884 the Northwestern & Pacific Mortgage Company under which name they carried on business until 1896. This was then taken over by the Northwestern & Pacific Hypotheek Bank and was followed by the organization of the North Pacific Loan & Tn:st Company. They deal entirely in farm and city mortgages and handle foreign capital, mostly from Holland, having invested more than one million dollars in mortgages in this district.

R. Taylor Spokane And The Inland Empire 203

Mr. Taylor is a prominent Mason, holding membership in Spokane Lodge, No. 34, F. & A. M.; Spokane Chapter, No. 2, R. A. M.; Cataract Commandery, No. 3, K. T. He is a thirty-second degree mason in Oriental Consistorj', No. 2, Scottish Rite and belongs to El Katif Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He also has membership relations with the Spokane Club and the Chamber of Commerce.

On the 11th of February, 1892, Mr. Taylor was married to Ada L. Martin, a daughter of Mrs. Jennie Martin, of this city, and they now have three children, Margaret J., Binkley R. and John R. They reside at No. 1305 Sixth avenue, where Mr. Taylor built a pleasant home in 1894. In his business life he has been a persistent, resolute and energetic worker, possessing strong executive powers, and added to a progressive spirit, ruled by more than ordinary intelligence and good judgment, there has been a native justice which has expressed itself in correct principle and practice.

Thomas Stuart Griffith

Thomas Stuart Griffith is the vice president of the wholesale grocery house of Benham & Griffith, one of the largest establishments of this character in the Inland Empire. He is likewise owner of the Glen Tana farm, which is known throughout the country because of its model equipment and also because of the fame of t!i^- Glen Tana kennels. Mr. Griffith was born in Toronto, Canada, July 22, 1862. He is the brother of the Rev. George T. Griffith, an Episcopalian clergyman of Chicago, and these two were the only eliildren of Thomas and Lillie (Taylor) Griffith, both of whom were also natives of Toronto, Canada, and are now residents of Los Angeles, California. The father, who for many years was a wholesale grocer but is now living retired, is of Welsh-English descent, while the mother is of Irish lineage, representing an old family of Canada, where they are extensive property owners, her father at one time owning nearly all of Toronto.

Thomas S. Griffith pursued his early education under the direction of a tutor until qualified to enter the Upper Canada College of Toronto. When his education was completed he engaged with H. C. & C. Durand & Company, wholesale grocers of Chicago. Later Francis J. Kenneth, a son-in-law of Mr. Durand, established a commission business on the Cliicago Board of Trade under the firm name of Mc- Cormick, Kenneth & Day. They had a big trade and opened branch offices vnth the first private wire out of Chicago to New York and St. Louis. Mr. Griffith did all the private business for this firm and other mammoth business enterprises of the middle west, continuing with them until he came to Spokane in March, 1888. At that time he entered in the retail grocery business, which he conducted alone for six months under the firm name of Thomas S. Griffith & Company. At the end of that time the name of the firm was changed to Benham & Griffith, and they entered into the wholesale grocery business. They were the first wholesale grocers to sell goods exclusively to retailers. Merchants at that time bought their goods in Portland and the wholesale grocery house in which Mr. Griffith was a partner had to establish for itself a name and reputation in this district and to build up its trade from the slightest beginning. In fact retailers had to be educated to buy goods in Spokane. Yet, although this was the first wholesale grocery house here, their sales the first year probably amounted to about three hundred thousand dollars. Other wholesale houses were later established, and all of the wholesale grocery interests here now do a business amounting to eight million dollars per year, proving an important feature in the commercial development and activity of the city. In 1889 the house of Benham & Griffith was destroyed by fire, at which time their location was on the present site of the Bank of Montreal. After the fire they removed to Post street and Railroad avenue, there remaining until 1908, when they located at their present quarters at No. 150 Spokane International Right of Way. They leased the property from D. C. Corbin and built a warehouse for themselves, one hundred and seventj' feet long, facing the river, with a depth of one hundred and fifty feet to the railroad tracks. L. T. Benham is the president of the company, Thomas S. Grifiith, as vice president ; Albert Benham, as treasurer ; and R. L. Fry as secretary. Their business covers a radius of one hundred miles and they enjoy a most extensive wholesale trade, but with the new freight rate, which has just been gained, they will cover a much larger territory.

Mr. Griffith is the owner of the celebrated Glen Tana farm, the largest on the Little Spokane river, and adjoining the grounds of the Spokane Country Club. It consists of two thousand, two hundred and eighty acres and he controls seven miles of the Little Spokane river. The name of Glen Tana is today known throughout the United States. The dairy is thoroughly equipped in the most modern and progressive manner and one of its famous products is the Glen Tana bottled milk for babies, for which they milk three hundred Jersey cows. This was the first thoroughly sanitary dairy in Spokane and is considered one of the best, - by many regarded as the best - dairy of the Inland Empire. Upon the farm is to be found the largest number of springs upon an equal area in the state of Washington, there being one hundred and eighty-three upon this tract. There he established the famous Glen Tana kennels, and the collie dogs here raised have been shown throughout the United States, winning more medals than any dogs shown from any other kennels in the United States. Mr. Griffith has largely advertised Spokane in this way. He has been an importer of dogs from Scotland and England and his kennels are among the largest in the United States. They have been removed to Tekoa, Washington, since the establishment of the Country Club. j\Ir. Griffith is a lover of horses and owns many fine registered animals. In earlier days he had some of the finest horses of the northwest, selling as high as from five to six thousand dollars. He organized the Spokane Gentlemen's Driving Club, of which he was president,, and races were held every Saturday afternoon, which were quite an event to which every one looked forward. They were all gentlemen drivers and no one could attend except on invitation. In those days A. J. Ross, C. S. Penfield, H. G. Stimmel, Justin Leonard and other prominent early settlers had matinee races and drove their own horses, this being a favorite pastime among the early settlers. Racing continued for five or six years, at which time Tom Jefferson, a horse fancier, was very prominent here.

In addition to his mercantile and farming activities, with their kindred interests, Mr. Griffith has been concerned in many activities of a semi-public character. He is now a director of the Spokane Interstate Fair and was one of its organizers, as well as of the Chamber of Commerce. Of the latter he is now serving as a director and he was vice president in the early days when A. A. Newbery was president and Mr. Reeves secretary, while their meetings were held in a little room of the Spo- kane Hotel building after the fire. Mr. Griffith has alwaj^s taken a great interest in the freight-rate contest which started about twenty years ago, and in behalf of the work went to Portland and to San Francisco to take testimony with Senator George Turner, an attorney, in rate cases. Fifteen or seventeen years passed before the Interstate Commission obtained some concessions and the fight has since been kept up until the recent passage of the new freight rate. In the early days the most prominent business firms in the town were the Hally, Mason & Marks Company and the Benham & Griffith Company. They always took a prominent part in all public matters and gave their support to all practical measures for the benefit of the city.

Mr. Griffith was one of the organizers of the Spokane Gun Club and was also one of the organizers and is now vice president of the Inland Club. For many years he has been a member of the Spokane Club and also of the Spokane Country Club. His political allegiance is given to the republican party but the honors and emoluments of office have had no attraction for him.

In September, 1892, in All Saints church, in which they hold membership, Mr. Griffith was united in marriage to Miss Charlotte Brown, of Spokane, a daughter of George and Louisiana Brown, formerly of Brantford, Ontario. Mr. and Mrs. Griffith have become parents of a daughter, Tannis, which is an Indian word meaning "our daughter." She is now attending school in Stanley Hall, Minneapolis. Mr. Griffith belongs to that class of men who have come to the west well equipped with a liberal education and business experience and have recognized the opportunities and possibilities before them here. In his business life he has been a persistent, resolute and energetic worker.

William Chandler Gray

William Chandler Gray is one of the best known men of the west in connection with railroad construction and his activities closely allied him with the early history of California. All of the important railroad work of an earlier day there was done by him and remains now as a monument to his ability. Since coming to Washington his labors have been equally valuable as factors in the upbuilding and progress of this state and in Montana he has also left the impress of his individuality by the part which he has taken in its material development. He was one of the first men to plant Old Glory at the head of the famous Alder Gulch. His name is inseparably interwoven with the web and woof of Spokane's liistory, for he was one of the organizers of the city and county of Spokane and a member of its first city council. He thus aided in shaping its formative policy and in laying the foundation upon which has been built the present greatness and prosperity of the city. While mammoth business enterprises have claimed his attention he has found time and opportunity to cooperate in movements looking to the welfare and growth of the communities in which he has lived and labored and Spokane owes him much as one of her foremost builders.

Mr. Gray was born in Harmony, Maine, November 17, 1844, a son of James and Helen (McNutt) Gray. The father, a native of Vermont, was of Scotch descent, belonging to a family founded in America prior to the Revolutionarv war.

The mother, born in Maine, was of Irish lineage. James Gray conducted business for along period as a manufacturer of carriages at Bangor, :Maine, and there passed away in 1869 while his wife survived until 1887. In the family were three sons and three daughters: William C; Samuel S., who is living at St. Johns, Oregon; Columbus, a resident of Hudson, Maine; Fannie, the wife of Frank Mercer, a property owner at Spirit Lake, Idaho; Emma, living in the east; and Lavoney, now deceased.

After attending the common schools William C. Gray continued his education in the Pacific Business College at San Francisco. He had left the Pine Tree state when a small boy and at the age of sixteen had entered the army as a member of Company I, Fourteenth Maine Regiment. This was in the fall of 1861 and he served for nine months at Augusta, Maine, after which he was sent home on account of illness. Later he made his way westward to Michigan, where for a time he was associated with E. M. Avery in the limiber business. In the winter of 1863 he crossed the plains and in the spring of the following year went to Virginia City, Montana, aiding materially in the development of that rich mining region. He helped to make the pole on which was unfurled the first American flag ever raised at the head of the famous Alder Gulch. In the fall of 1864 he went to California with Stanford and Crocker and assisted in building the old Central Pacific Railroad from Sacramento to Salt Lake. He was also engaged in the construction of the road from Sacramento to Redding and likewise erected the Redding Hotel by the depot just before the Modock war. During his connection with railroad work he was assistant superintendent of construction and later was superintendent under General Strowbridge. He had in charge the building of the railroad from Oakland to San Leandro in 1869 and did the excavation work for the shipyards at Oakland Point where the Alameda, El Capitan and the Oakland ferry boats were built. At the time of their construction those were the finest ferry boats in the world. Mr. Gray also took the superintendency for filling up Reclamation bay at Potrero, a work that lasted two years and on which one thousand men were employed. They filled in sixty acres from Townsend street in San Francisco and his work now is and has been for years part of San Francisco's busiest thoroughfares. Mr. Gray also began the building of the Southern Pacific Railroad in each direction from Los Angeles and through the city but before completing the work had to return to Redding to enter upon work in connection with the hotel. He was prominently engaged in railroad construction for fourteen years or until 1878, when he undertook the gigantic contract of draining fourteen thousand acres of swamp land in Shasta county for Senator Boggs, of Colusa, and A. V. !Moore, of San Francisco.

Mr. Gray came to Spokane in August, 1878, and erected the first liotel in this city where the city hall now stands, remaining as its proprietor for nine years, at the end of which he leased it to S. S. Bailey and Mr. Frees, but in 1888 it was destroyed by fire. He afterward erected the Windsor Hotel which he rented to the same gentlemen until that, too, burned down on the 1th of August, 1889, in the big fire which practically wiped out the business district of Spokane on that day. After leasing his hotel Mr. Gray purchased a large farm in Stevens county, at Gray's Station, which was so named in his honor, being situated on the line of the railroad between Springdale and Valley. He spent much of his time there for

Spokane And The Inland Empire 207

While a resident of Stevens county ^Ir. Gray became a candidate for state senator on the citizen's ticket. His name had not been printed on the ticket, so he devised the plan of using stickers to serve in balloting for him. He was defeated by only one vote, holding an extensive vote which plainly indicated his personal popularity and the confidence reposed in him. There was much discussion in the party at the time. The auditor and others became engaged in a fight about the party to be printed first on the ticket. The supreme court ordered the auditor to put Mr. Gray's name on the ticket but he would not do so, claiming that he should liave had ten-days notice and that as he had only had two he could not comply with tlie order. He was then arrested for contempt of court but won his suit on account of the ten-days notice as required by law. It was at that election that Manse, the populist candidate, was elected by one vote.

After disposing of his interests in Stevens county, ^Mr. Gray came to Spokane for the purpose of building six miles of the Spokane & International Railway from Summit to Naples, nine miles from Summit to Athol and six miles from Summit to Rathdrum. He alsft built ten miles of the Lewiston branch of the Northern Pacific, at which time he was conducting business under the firm name of Gray & Chapman, his partner being John W. Chapman. Since then he has built a portion of the coal road for D. C. Corbin in British Columbia at Crow's Nest Pass. This is fourteen miles in length, of which Mr. Gray built half. In the meantime he has resided continuously in Spokane, supervising his own investments and affairs which are of an extensive and important character. He is now a director of the National Bank of Commerce and has other investments and interests. He still has a railroad building outfit at Lewiston Junction on the Snake river and will ])rol'ably engage in other railway work.

In politics Mr. Gray has ever been a stalwart champion of the republican party and an active worker in its ranks. He was serving as a member of the city council when Spokane and Spokane county were organized. The county of Spokane was formed by Captain Wells of Rock Creek and Andrew Lafay of Medical Lake, and l\Ir. Gray was one of the first councilmen appointed by the governor to organize the city of Spokane when R. W. Forrest was mayor. While appointment called him to the office of councilman for the first term he was later reelected for a second term and four times afterward was chosen by popular suffrage for that position. The first city council was composed of: A. M. Cannon, now deceased; Jack Squires, who is engaged in raining in British Columbia; Jean Hyde, living in Santa Barbara. California; and Mr. Havermale, deceased. At that time roads and bridges WLTe built by private subscription, in which manner the roads to Kalispel, Colville and Coeur d'Alene were constructed, Mr, Gray being the most liberal contributor to the project. He has always been actively and helpfully interested in every movement for the upbuilding of the city and district and is now a cooperant factor in the work of the Chamber of Commerce in exploiting the advantages of Spokane and in furthering its interests.

In October, 1873, Mr. Gray was married to Miss Clara F. Smiley, a daughter of Foster F. and Sarah (Richardson) Smiley. The father was one of the pioneers of California and conducted business at Marysville, that state, and made his home in Indian Valley. He had been in early life a resident of Maine but had crossed the continent to the Golden state. One of the brothers of Mrs. Graj' is W. H. Smiley, an attorney at law at Spokane, while another brother in connected with the immigration bureau at Seattle and a third brother is in Oroville, California.

Mr. Gray is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at San Francisco, connected with Lodge No. 17, which was the original Odd Fellows organization in that state, meeting in the old temple on Montgomery street, at which time Pickering, the original editor of the Call, and Ralston, of the California Bank, were both members. A life of marked activity and usefulness has brought William Chandler Gra}' to a prominent position among the business men of the northwest and none more rightly deserves the honor and respect accorded him than Mr. Gray. No story of fiction contains more interesting chapters than can be found in his life record but space forbids an extended account of these. He has met. all of the hardships and experiences incident to railroad building in a pioneer district and his labors liave been a most important element in the reclamation and improvement of the great west.

Evan Enoch

Twenty-four years ago Evan Enoch arrived in Spokane comity and he may congratulate himself on selecting this county as his home for here he has found friends and has also accumulated a competency. He is a native of Wales, born at Cardigan, Aberavon, January 25, 1865, a son of Job and Mary (Charles) Enoch. The father was horn May 18, ISil, and the mother September 21, 1842. In their family were six children, all of whom are now living, the youngest being thirtj'-two years old. One of the sons is a Congregational minister in Wales.

Evan Enoch was educated in the common schools of his native country, continuing at his studies until fourteen years of age. He then began working on a farm but at the age of nineteen, being a young man of ambition, energy and a great desire to accomplish something in the world worthy of the name, he emigrated to the United States, reaching Dakota, May 10, 1884. He spent three years at farm labor and in 1887 came to Spokane and was employed for four years on a farm near that city. In 1889 he took up his homestead near Deer Park and two years later established his residence upon his farm. Here Mr. Enoch became acquainted with and attached to Mr. Short and Mr. Crawford and this friendship resulted in his becoming one of the Short & Crawford Lumber Company, their minds all running in the same channel. Afterward the company became the Standard Lumber Company and he was elected vice president and director and he is taking an active part in the latter concern. These positions he still holds. The company is one of the most flourishing organizations of the kind in Spokane county. He is also vice president of the First State Bank of Deer Park and owns considerable property in Deer Park and vicinity.

On the 23d of January, 1901, Mr. Enoch was married to Miss Alice Hopkins, a daughter of Brayton Hopkins, record of whom appears elsewhere in this work. To Mr. and Mrs. Enoch five children have been born, Mary E., Grace H., Ruth L., Blodwen M. and Alice L. Mr. Enoch takes the interest of an intelligent and wide-awake citizen in public affairs and in the selection of competent men for office. He votes in sujjport of the re])ublican party and is now serving with gen- eral acceptance as councilman of Deer Park. He is a firm believer in the Bible and is a consistent member of the Congregational church. Having earlj' become imbued with liigh ideals, he made a favorable start in his contact with the world and is known as one of the reliable and straightforward men whose word may be implicitly accepted and whose influence is always exerted in behalf of the best interests of the community. He believes in the practical application of the Golden Rule in all the affairs of life and as he is strictly honorable in his dealings, he truly merits the gratifying success with which his efforts have been cro^vned.

Jared A. Rochford

Jared A. Rochford, who is one of the able representatives of the legal profession in Colville, has been a resident of this ,city for the past fourteen years. A native of Kankakee, Illinois, his birth occurred on February 16, 1860, his parents being Michael and Lydia A. (Bellamy) Rochford. His father, who was a veteran of the Civil war, during the first two years of the Rebellion was a member of Company I, Michigan Volunteers, but later he joined Company D, First United States Cavalry and was an aide-de-camp to General Sheridan. He saw much active service, participated in thirty-eight conflicts, among them being many of the notable battles of the war. Mr. Rochford passed away in 1894. The mother of our subject was a woman of rare culture and education, and a distant relative of the well known American author, Edward Bellamy, whose book "Looking Backward" created quite a sensation about eighteen years ago. ^Irs. Rochford was a physician and well known in Kansas, where she was actively engaged in the practice of her profession until her death in 1908.

The education of Jared A. Rochford was begun in the public schools of Michigan but was completed in those of Kansas, to which state he accompanied his parents, who located there during his early youth. He graduated from the high school at Abilene, in 1882. and very soon thereafter took a position with the Santa Fe Railroad Company, working for them at intervals for the next three years. At the same time he was preparing himself for the legal profession by attending private law classes until admitted to the bar in 1885. Immediately thereafter he became associated with John D. Hayes, an attorney of Oberlin and they practiced together during the next three years under the firm name of Hayes & Rochford. Mr. Rochford severed his connection at the end of that time and came to Washington and in the fall of 1888 he located in North Yakima as a member of the firm of Rochford, Jones & Newman. L^pon his election to the office of prosecuting attorney of Yakima county in 1890 the partnership was dissolved, but he resumed his practice when he withdrew from public life four years later, remaining a resident of North Yakima until 1897. He then removed to Colville and formed a partnersliip with Messrs. Nordike and Stayt, their business being conducted under the name of Nordike, Rochford & Stayt. Two years later Mr. Rochford wthdrcw from this connection and began practicing alone, which he has ever since continued to do. He is an able representative of his profession and during tlie period of his residence here has most efficiently filled the chair of prosecuting attorney of Stevens county, having been the incumbent of this office during the years 1907 and 1908.

North Yakima was the scene of the marriage of Mr. Rochford, on June 10, 1 894, to Miss Nellie L. Stedman, a daughter of Charles R. Stedman. Five children have been born to Mr. and ^Irs. Rochford: Claire, who is deceased; Ruth; Ynez; Rose M.; and Jared A. They own one of the most beautiful residences in Colville, over which !Mrs. Rocliford presides in a most charming manner, graciously extending the hospitality of their home to their many friends.

A stanch democrat in his political views Mr. Rochford was a delegate to the state convention in Spokane in 1909 and he has many times represented his district at county conventions. He is a worthy exemplar of the Masonic fraternity, being a past master of the blue lodge, while he was one of a commission of five sent bj^ the Grand Lodge of Washington to the World's Masonic Congress at Chicago in ]893. He is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America and also belongs to the Knights of Pythias, being a past chancellor, by courtesy. Mr. Rochford has been very successful in his practice and in addition to his fine residence owns the ground and building where his office is located. He is held in high regard in Colville both by reason of his professional ability and because of his high standard of citizenship and constant effort to promote the best interests of the town, county and state on every possible occasion.

Adelbert M. Dewey

Adelbert M. Dewey was born in Lewis county. New York, in 1857, the son of Milton and Permelia (Riggs) Dewey, his father being a country schoolmaster and 'squire of the village in which he lived. At the age of six he moved with his parents to Binghamton in the same state, where he attended the public schools until fourteen years of age, when he was indentured as an apprentice to learn the printing and newspaper business in the office of the Broome Republican, being associated with the two men who later organized what is now known as the Associated Press. After five years work as apprentice and journeyman, the future Spokane business man travelled extensively over the country, working in most of the larger cities as a newspaper and job compositor, in both of which he is said to have been highly skilled as a workman. Later he settled in the city of Detroit, where he became the proprietor of a publishing house and edited and published several trade and technical journals.

When quite a young man, Mr. Dewey became an active student and writer on economic subjects. This led him to engage in what was at that time called the "reform movement," and he was associated with T. V. Powderly and others in the Knights of Labor and kindred organizations having for their object the uplifting of humanity. He edited the Journal of United Labor at Philadelphia, and gave to that paper a position second to no other in the economic field, with a greater weekly circulation than all others of its class in the United States combined, reaching more than five hundred thousand persons with each issue. Mr. Dewey was also an active official of the Typographical Union for many years, and is still a firm believer in the men who do the work of the world, but thinks they should organize and meet changing conditions with changed methods, and that the workers should do their striking on election day and at the ballot box.

A. M. Dewey Spokane And The Inland Empire 213

The temperance reform movement always found an aggressive supporter in the student printer, and he was for two j^ears the high chief ruler of the Order of Recabites in North America, traveling extensively as a lecturer on temperance and other subjects.

In 1884 Mr. Dewey retired from all these various activities and entered the public service at Washington as an expert in the field service of the department of labor. His labors brought him to the state of Washington, and he early determined to make Spokane his future home. On the occasion of his first visit to the Inland Empire Mr. Dewey invested heavily in a copper mining prospect in Okanogan eovmty and later came here to take over the management of the corporation, purchasing a home on Cannon Hill. His activities since coming to Spokane include the promotion of the Okanogan Electric Railway, the Okanogan Irrigation & Improvement Company, the management for five years of the Q. S. Mining Company, besides being a director in several other industrial enterprises operating in Spokane. At the time of this writing Mr. Dewey is also the proprietor of the Alexandria Hotel, a select family hotel in the residence district of Spokane.

In fraternal circles Mr. Dewey is an active member of the Masonic Order and Elks, and is an advocate of the spirit of fraternity as an antidote for the tendency of the day toward commercialism in all things. He is a man of family, with a son of thirty and a daughter eleven years of age.

William W. Palmer

William W. Palmer is one of the substantial citizens of Bossburg, where he has extensive property interests and is also conducting a general mercantile business. He was born in Morgan county, Indiana, on the 26th of February, 1862, and is a son of William L. and Esther (Asher) Palmer. The father passed away in 1891, but the mother is still living at the venerable age of seventy- four years.

When William W. Palmer was a small lad he was taken to Kansas, to whose public schools he is indebted for his education. At the age of fifteen his student days were terminated and during the succeeding twenty years he worked at farming in Missouri, Kansas, Washington and Oregon. He first became a resident of Washington in 1882, when he settled in the vicinity of Walla Walla, where he resided for two years. At the end of that time he removed to Oregon, and there engaged in farming for six years. His next removal was to Spokane, where for a year he was identified with the wood business. In 1896 he located in Clayton, this county, and worked in the lumber camps for nine months, when he ^vithdrew from this occupation to enter the service of the Spokane Falls & Northern Railroad Company. While in their employ he worked in the capacity of section foreman, extra gang foreman and roadmaster, all along their line. He gave up the railtoad service on July 15, 1908, and came to Bossburg, where he has been operating a ranch and conducting a general mercantile business ever since. Mr. Palmer has been very successful, and since settling here has acquired quite extensive property interests. He owns a fine ranch of fifty acres, that is well improved and under high cultivation, and some residence and business property in the town. He is president of the Palmer Trading Company, the stock of which is all held by him- self and wife and a Mr. Richardson. His rise in the business world is the culmination of long years of persistent effort and tireless energy. He has encountered many defeats and hardships but he does not belong to the type of mankind whose ambition is killed by reverses, but on the contrary they only proved incentives to greater effort.

Bossburg was the scene of Mr. Palmer's marriage to Miss Clara Clowe, a daughter of J. W. Clowe, on the 17th of September, 1901, and they have become the parents of one daughter, Marjorie, who is attending school. Mrs. Palmer, who is a native of Canada, was left an orphan at a very early age, her mother having died at her birth, wlule her father passed away a short time afterward. His death occurred in Australia, where he had been commissioned on some official business by the British government. She has a brother who is a veteran of the Spanish-American war. He has extensive interests in China, where for some time he was stationed as a vice consul of the United States government, and at present he is interested in the American Importing Company, which has headquarters in Peking, China. She also has a brother, Robert Clowe, who is a locomotive engineer in Australia, living in a suburb of Melbourne.

Fraternally Mr. Palmer is an Odd Fellow and has passed through all of the chairs. At the present time he is financial secretary of Bossburg Lodge, No. 10-1. He takes an active interest in the development of Stevens county, as well as in promoting the progress of Bossburg, and is an enthusiastic member of the Commercial Club. His political views accord wth the principles of the republican party, and he is now acting as commissioner from the second district of Stevens county, having entered upon the duties of this office in 1910. In the same year he was a delegate to the state convention at Tacoma, and he has several times represented his party at the county conventions. He is one of the estimable citizens of the town, who can always be depended upon to meet his obligations in both public and private life, as has been manifested during the period of his residence.

Hon. Jacob Hoover

Hon. Jacob Hoover left the impress of his individuality upon the public life of Spokane and the state of Washington as an eminent lawyer, a successful banker and a public-spirited legislator. Moreover he was numbered among the pioneer residents of this city, having come to Spokane in 1 882 when this district was largely undeveloped and the population of the cit_y numbered but a few hundred. He is, however, a western man by birth as well as by training and preference. He was born in Washington county, Oregon, February 9, 1846, a son of Jacob and Matilda Hoover. His father was one of the earliest residents of the Pacific coast who came to this section from the east. He made an overland trip in 18V2 - six or seven years prior to the time when the discovery of gold in California brought so many people to the west. He took up his abode in Washington county, Oregon, where he secured a homestead and cultivated the same, carrying on general agricultural pursuits. Only a comparatively few years before had the expedition of Lewis and Clark opened this territory to immigration, and he found liere a district in which the Indians were far more numerous than the wliite settlers and in which it seemed that the seeds of civilization had scarcely been planted. Since that time members of the Hoover family have been active in promoting the material development and progress of the northwest.

Jacob Hoover pursued his education in the district schools, but advantages at that time were very meager and when he had mastered the branches of learning taught in his home district, he sought opportunity elsewhere, going to the Pacific University, from which he was graduated with the class of 1866. In 1868 he went to Olympia, Washington, where for a short time he engaged in teaching school, and during that time among his pupils was the lady who afterward became his wife. He regarded school teaching, however, merely as an initial step to other professional labor and in preparation for the bar began reading law under the direction of the Hon. Elwood Evans, who directed his studies until 1869, when he was admitted to practice at Olympia, Washington. He then opened an office at Steilacoom, Washington, where he followed his profession for several years. At the same time he became deeply interested in the political situation of the country and fearlessly espoused the democratic cause, and upon the party ticket was elected, in 1874, to represent Pierce county in the state legislature. That his first term received the indorsement of the general public was indicated by his reelection in 1876, but he did not serve on account of removing from that district. He then located in Colfax, Washington, where in 1878 he opened a law office. It was not long before he had become prominent as a party leader in that section and in 1880 was elected to the legislature from Whitman county. His reelection followed in 1882 but again he failed to serve for a second term because of his removal from the state.

Mr. Hoover turned from politics and the law to give his attention to banking, establishing the Colfax Bank in 1880 in partnership with John Burke. After about a year, however, they sold out and Mr. Hoover removed to Lewiston, Idaho, where he organized the Bank of Lewiston but soon disposed of his interest in that institution and in 1882 came to Spokane, where he resumed the practice of law, becoming junior partner in the firm of Allen & Hoover. Later by the admission of a third partner the firm style was changed to Allen, Hoover & Allen, and in that connection Mr. Hoover continued as an active representative of the bar until 1886, when he again retired from practice and once more entered banking circles as the organizer of the Traders' National Bank, of which he became the cashier. In 1888 he sold his interest in that institution and the following year became the organizer of the Exchange National Bank, of which he was president until his death, on the nth of July, 1898.

Mr. Hoover was married at Steilacoom, Washington, September 18, 1875, to Miss Ella A. Harman, a daughter of Hill and Bathaline (Clendenning) Harmon, the former a native of Maine and the latter of New Brunswick. The father made the long voyage around Cape Horn to Oregon in 18-19, settling at Port Gamble on Puget Sound, where he engaged in the lumber business. In 1851 his wife came to the west by way of the isthmus route. She was the second white woman in tlic Puget Sound terrtiory and Mrs. Hoover has the distinction of being the first white woman born on Puget Sound. Mr. and Mrs. Hoover became the parents of three children: Bathaline, now the wife of John H. Hemphill, a prominent and well known real-estate man of Spokane; Jacob Wesley, who is engaged in the real-estate business in this city ; and Hill C, of Tacoma, who married Emma Griner, of Buckley, Washington. There is one grandchild, Margaret Lucille Hemphill.

Mr. Hoover was prominent in Masonry, having attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite. He always remained an active advocate of democratic principles and his opinions always carried weight in the councils of his party. In addition to his service as a legislator he had served as mayor of Spokane for one term, having been elected to that office in 1890. He belonged to the Episcopal church, in which he served as senior warden, and in the work of which he took an active and helpful interest. He was a man of firm convictions, never faltering in his allegiance to what he believed to be right, and his character and reputation were above reproach. He greatly enjoyed music and travel and was particularly fond of his home and the companionship of friends of kindred tastes and interests. He stood as a high type of American manhood and chivalry, exemplifying in his life those principles for which the west stands - the west which, in greater degree than any other section of the country, judges a man by his individual worth and ability.

Manoah S. Taylor

Manoah S. Taylor, a resident of Chewelah, gives his undivided time and attention to the cultivation of his ranch, which is located near here. He was born in Washington county, Indiana, on October 1, ISil, and is a son of Andrew and Juliet (Martin) Taylor, both deceased, the father having passed away in 1860, and the mother in 1887.