Spokane, Washington - History, 1912 (part 3 of 23)

On the 29th of March, 1866, Mr. Comstock was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Annis, a daughter of Chauncy L. and Lj'dia (Allen) Annis, of Oconomowoc, Wisconsin. They have two children : Josie, the wife of Eugene A. Shadle, of Spokane, and May, at home. Mr. Comstock finds pleasure and recreation in several fraternal associations. He is a past commander of Sedgwick Post, G. A. R., and was assistant acting adjutant general of the department of Washington and Alaska, under Commander Norman Buck, in 1896. He is also president of the Northwestern Veteran's Association and he belongs to Tyrian Lodge, No. 96, F. & A. M. His religious faith is that of the First Unitarian church, in which he has served as a trustee for more than twenty years. The worth and value of his public services in Spokane are widely acknowledged. He served as a member of Spokane city council from May, 1894, to May, 1899. and during that time was president of the council for three years. Mr. Comstock was a persistant advocate of the use of water meters from the time he entered the city council to the close of his administration as mayor, in fact was almost absolutely alone in the advocacy of the use of meters for a number of years. At the present time the city council have adopted what Mr. Comstock advocated at that time and have come to see the wisdom and ad- vantages of installing such a system. In May, 1899, he was elected mayor for a term of two years, during which period he instigated and, through his intelligent and persistent efforts, completed many improvements, such as paving Sprague and First avenues and the following streets from the Northern Pacific right of way to the river: Monroe,. Lincoln, Post, Wall and Stevens, Riverside avenue having been paved while he was president of the council. The water system was greatly improved and enlarged during this period.

In 1910, accompanied by Mrs. Comstock and their daughter, he spent three months in Japan, studying the agricultural, economic, manufacturing and financial interests of the empire. During that time they visited all of the leading cities from Nagasaki on the south to Nike on the north. In his travels through Japan, Mr. Comstock noted especially the great advancement that nation is making,^ particularly in their economic, manufacturing, railroad and ship building interests. He found the Japanese a peaceful people and their history during the past four hundred years shows that they have had only two wars with foreign nations, one with China and one with Russia. In Mr. Comstock's opinion should trouble occur between the United States and Japan, it will be the fault of the United States government, as Japan's slogan is: "Peaceful commercial relation with all nations."

The family residence is at No. 1106 Ninth avenue and one of its attractive features is its large and well selected library. Mr. Comstock is a man of scholarly attainments and of much literary ability, and has delivered and prepared many lectures and readings. One in particular, a comparison between General Grant and Frederick the Great, has been delivered on many occasions and has awakened widespread attention throughout the country. He has also been a close student of Shakespeare for many years, devoting much time not only to the reading of the plays but to everything bearing upon the subject, and he claims, with many others, that Shakespeare never wrote what is accredited to him. His reading and study has at all times covered a wide range and on the social, political and economic questions of the day he keeps abreast with the best thinking men of the age. He finds his companionship among people of kindred tastes and interests. His career has been remarkably successful, chiefly by reason of his natural ability and his thorough interest in a business in which as a young tradesman he embarked. There is one point in his career, covering twenty-two years in Spokane, to which all the old settlers refer, and that is whether as a wholesale merchant or in other relations of life, Mr. Comstock has always been the same genial, courteous gentleman, whose ways are those of refinement and whose word no man can question.

Lawrence Evert Worstell

Lawrence Evert Worstell, who is now serving his third term as probate judge of Shoshone county, has been a resident of Idaho since he was a lad of eleven years. His birth occurred at Jacksonville, Switzerland county, Indiana, on July 13, 1878, his parents being William and Ella (Hitchens) Worstell. His father at the age of fourteen years enlisted in the One hundred and fortieth Indiana Volunteer Infantry and went to the front in defense of his country, being discharged with the rank of corporal. Together with his wife and family, William Worstell removed from Indiana to Denver, Colorado, in 1883, and there the mother died in 1886. Three years later with his six children the father came to Idaho, locating in Murray. He was married again in 1889 to Miss Mary Ginn of Murray, Idaho. Mr. Worstell was a capable business man and was successfully identified with the furniture interests of Wallace and Kellogg, Idaho, until his death, on the 30th of December, 1906.

It was in the public schools of Denver, Colorado, that Lawrence Evert Worstell was first introduced to the elements of English learning, his preliminary education being completed in the public schools of Idaho. Having decided to become an attorney, he subsequently entered the Leland Stanford Junior University at Palo Alto, California, from which institution he was awarded the degree of LL. B. with the class of 1903. Returning to Wallace he was admitted to the bar, but resumed his connection with commercial activities by again becoming associated with his father in Ihe furniture business. He continued to be so identified until elected probate judge of Shoshone county, in 1906, since which time he has given his principal attention to the duties of his office. He is still connected with the furniture business, however, as president of The Worstell Furniture Company, of Wallace, and secretary of The Worstell Thornhill Company of Kellogg, Idaho.

On the 8th of November, 1896, JNIr. W^orstell was united in marriage to Mrs. Alice E. Duffy, of Bessemer, Michigan. Both Mr. and Mrs. Worstell are communicants of the Episcopal church, and fraternally he belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, being affiliated with Wallace Lodge, No. 331. His political allegiance Mr. Worstell gives to the republican party, believing its policy best adapted to subserve the interests of the majority. In addition to his county office since 1909, Mr. Worstell has been a member of the city council. As incumbent of the office of probate judge he has discharged his duties in a manner to meet with the general approval of the public at large, as is attested by the length of his period of service. He is held in high esteem and regard not only in Wallace but in the entire county, where he is widely known and has many friends, the majority of whom have known him since boyhood.

William J. C. Wakefield

William J. C. Wakefield, who ranks high among the prominent lawyers of the Spokane bar, has engaged in practice in this city since May, 1889, and his constantly increasing ability has brought him continuous recognition in a large and distinctively representative clientage. He has concentrated his time, energies and attention upon his professional duties and the work that he has done as advocate and counselor indicates clearly his familiarity with the principles of jurisprudence and an analytical power that enables him to correctly apply those principles to the question under consideration.

While a resident of the west for more than a quarter of a century, Mr. Wakefield is a native son of New England, his birth having occurred in Ludlow, Windsor county, Vermont, on the 4th of September, 1862. The family was founded in Massachusetts during the early colonial epoch in the history of this country, and the great-great-great-grandfather. Jonathan Wakefield, of Sutton, Massachusetts, took up arms in defense of his country during the French and Indian war, serving in the expedition under General Amherst against Ticonderoga and Crown Point in 1759. That the spirit of liberty was strong within him and that the same spirit was inculcated in his family is indicated by the fact that six of his sons were soldiers in the Continental army during the Revolutionary war. One of these, Samuel Wakefield, was a member of the Lexington company that at the first alarm marched on the 19th of April, 1775, out upon the little green in the center of the town to meet the British forces that demanded immediate surrender. He was a member of the company commanded by Captain John Putman, attached to Colonel Ebenezer Larned's regiment, and he continued in the service until September 17, 1779. The line of descent to William J. C. Wakefield is traced down from Samuel Wakefield, through his son Samuel, who removed from Massachusetts to Newport, New Hampshire, Alpheus Wakefield, who was a resident of Ludlow, Vermont, and Luther F. Wakefield. The last named spent his entire life in Ludlow, where he followed the pursuits of mechanic, miller and farmer. He married Lorinda L. Place, a native of northern Vermont, and also a representative of an old New England family.

Their son, William J. C. Wakefield, acquired his early education in the district schools of Chittenden and Windsor counties, Vermont, and afterward attended the Black River Academy of Ludlow, where he prepared for college, then entering Dartmouth College, from which he was graduated with the class of 1885. The west with its limitless opportunities attracted him and on the completion of his college course he became a resident of Austin, Nevada, where he engaged in teaching school. The hours which are usually termed leisure were devoted by Mr. Wakefield to the study of law under the direction of Judge !McKenna of that place, and he completed his legal studies in the office of Archer & Bowden, following his removal to San Jose, California. Early in 1889 he was admitted to the bar in San Francisco and then turned to the northwest Pacific country, deciding upon Spokane as a favorable location. Accordingly, in Ma}^ he arrived in this city, which has since been his home and the scene of his professional labors and achievements. In November, 1889, he formed a partnership with Judge L. B. Nash, which was maintained until the spring of 1892, when Mr. Wakefield succeeded Colonel W. W. D. Turner in the firm of Turner & Forster, the style of Forster & Wakefield being then assumed. In 1905, following the death of George M. Forster, ]Mr. Wakefield organized with A. W. Witherspoon the present firm of Wakefield & Witherspoon, which is today regarded as one of the most prominent and successful in the city. Mr. Wakefield has largely represented clients who have been prominently connected with the development of eastern Washington, northern Idaho and western Montana. He is well versed in all departments of the law and upon his professional service has concentrated his attention to the exclusion of all political activities. Since 1890 he has held the office of master in chancery of the United States court. He is an officer or director in many corporations that are active in the development of this section of the country and his relations to the northwest is that of contagious enthusiasm which has led to his support of many projects and measures of public benefit.

On the 10th of June, 1896, Mr. Wakefield was united in marriage to Miss Louise Ammann, a daughter of Arnold and Caroline Ammann, formerly of Springfield, Illinois. They now have an interesting family of two daughters and three sons, Louise, Channing, Helen, Newton and William. The family are prominent socially and Mr. Wakefield is also well known in athletic circles and is equally interested in educational projects which have for their object the intellectual progress of the community. For years he was identified with the National Guard of Nevada and Washington, retiring from the latter with the rank of lieutenant colonel and chief signal officer. He is recognized as a man of well rounded character whose interests are varied and who at all times keeps in close touch with the trend of modern thought and progress.

Ray M. Hart

Prominently associated with many of the business interests which have helped to boom the commercial importance of the more recently developed portions of our great northwest, Ray M. Hart has been a significant factor in the upbuilding of Coeur d'AIene. Born in Ionia county, Michigan, June 20, 1873, he acquired his education in the common schools of his native locality. When eighteen years of age he began work, securing employment with the Frank Brothers Implement Company, at Colfax, Washington, and after two years was engaged as bookkeeper and cashier in the firm of Lippett Brothers, general mei'chants in Colfax. He remained with them five years when he removed to Bozeman, Montana, where he engaged in business in partnership with D. J. Morton, establishing a dry-goods store. Two years later the firm dissolved partnership, the store was sold and Mr. Morton returned to Ireland, while Mr. Hart secured a position as a traveling salesman for a wholesale dry-goods company of St. Louis, Missouri, in which capacity he continued to serve for ten j'ears, until 1908, and during this period became financially interested in a number of general merchandise stores throughout Montana, mainly at Billings and Lewistown. He is still president of the Hart Albin Company of Billings, Montana, and is also interested as stockholder in a large number of banks situated in various parts of this western country. On February 9, 1909, when the Blackwell Lumber Compan_v was organized, with headquarters at Coeur d'AIene, Mr. Hart became secretary and treasurer of this concern and in consequence came to Coeur d'AIene, where he has remained in the same capacity ever since. He is interested in many other enterprises, being a director in the American Trust Company of Coeur d'AIene and in the Panhandle Lumber Company of Spirit Lake, a director likewise in the Idaho and Northern W^ashington Railroad Company and in the Railway Land and Improvement Company, and a stockholder in the Portland Cement Company of Metaline Falls, Washington. Always ready to help in any project that might aid in securing better transportation facilities for the people living in the remoter localities and in making the larger towns more easily accessible to the rural dwellers, Mr. Hart was largely instrumental in securing the construction of the first electric railroad in Montana, organizing the Gallatin Valley Electric Railway, a rural line running from Bozeman, Montana, of which corporation he was president until the road was sold to the Chicago, Milwaukee & Puget Sound Railroad Company. Always alert for every chance to build up his commercial interests and to enlarge the sphere of his activities, he has availed himself of every opportunity held out to him and now is accounted one of the foremost busi- ness men of Coeur d'Alene, enjoying an ample income from his investments and possessing unlimited credit among his associates in the financial world.

On August 27, 1908, Mr. Hart was married to Miss Blanche Blackwell, a daughter of F. A. Blackwell of Coeur d'Alene. They are the parents of one child. The Hart home at No. 820 Sherman avenue, is one of the handsome residences in the town and is frequently the scene of social gayety and mirth. Mr. Hart has been a Mason since the year in which he attained his majority, having joined Hiram Lodge, No. 21, F. & A. M., of Colfax, Washington, and he is also a member of Lodge No. 463, B. P. O. E., of Bozeman, Montana. In his political affiliations he is a republican. Always adhering to high standards of business ethics, Mr. Hart has attained his success justly and by reason of his own efforts and keen discrimination. Large in his view of a situation he is the type of man who has supplied the leaven that has created the western spirit of indomitable determination and ability to win.

While the practice of medicine is the real life work of Dr. George Sehvin Allison, he has also engaged in real-estate dealing in Spokane and is the owner of considerable valuable ranch property in eastern Washington. He was born in Louisiana, Missouri, July 22, 1848, a son of J. C. and H. M. Allison. His educational opportunities in early youth were those afforded by the district schools of his native town where he pursued his studies until he reached the age of fifteen years, and then attended the Cherry Grove Seminary of Abingdon, Illinois, for three years. A glance over the broad field of business in its different agricultural, industrial, commercial and professional phases, led him to the determination to make the practice of medicine his life work and he entered the St. Louis Medical School, now the Washington University, from which in due time he was graduated with the class of 1871. He at once sought to put his theoretical knowledge to the practical test and entered the office with Dr. W. C. Duncan, with whom he remained for two years and then opened an office in Macon county, Illinois, where he remained for about ten years. Ambitious to attain the highest degree of proficiency he went to "New York in 1881 and pursued a special course of study in the Bellevue Hospital Medical College, and was graduated from that institution in the class of 1881, being now numbered among its alumni.

It was in July, 1882, that Dr. Allison arrived in Spokane where he has been in practice constantly since and is the oldest resident physician of this city. There was only a very limited population when he took up his abode here and with the growth of the city his practice has increased until it is now very extensive and of an important character. He has improved the opportunity for judicious investment and profitable sale of real estate, and now has much property in Spokane, together with a ranch of seven hundred and eighty acres at Latah, Spokane county, on which he raises stock, wheat and all that goes to make up a model farm. The place is situated forty-three miles from the city, and his son, Walter S. Allison, now twentysix years of age, is in charge of the farm. Dr. Allison is an enthusiast on the subject of the future of Spokane county and is always ready to join in any movement that promises to prove of practical worth in its development and upbuilding. He is likewise president of the Conservative Land & Investment Company, owning thirteen thousand acres of land in Benton county, one thousand acres of which are imder cultivation.

On the 2d of May, 1876, at Mount Zion, Illinois, occurred the marriage of Dr. Allison and ]\[iss Ellen E. Mariner, a daughter of Professor William and Agnes Mariner, both natives of Lebanon, Tennessee. Her father was a teacher by profession and about 1880 came to Washington to join the faculty of the Walla Walla College. He was thus connected with the educational development of the state until his death, which occurred in Spokane in 1894. Dr. and Mrs. Allison have three living children: Walter S., who as stated manages his father's ranch; Ida G., the wife of John D. Johnson, of Spokane; and Mabel P., who is the wife of James E. Bailey, of this city. The family residence is at No. 1203 Eighth avenue and was erected by Dr. Allison. In politics he has always been a stalwart republican but the only office that he would ever accept was that of member of the school board, on which he served for three years, beginning in 1905. He has ever taken an active interest in educational matters and the cause of the public schools finds in him a splendid friend. He holds membership in the Westminster Congregational church and for many years was one of its trustees. His influence is always on the side of progress and those things which relate to the material, intellectual, political and moral development and welfare of the city.

Otto Hansen

Otto Hansen, a railroad contractor whose business activity has also included considerable irrigation work, has his offices in the Paulsen building in Spokane although his operations in construction work call him into various localities. Careful consideration of the facts indicate that the Teutonic race has constituted an important element in the upbuilding of the northwest. Of this Mr. Hansen is a representative. He was born in Holstein, Germany, June 3, 1868, and is a son of Detlef and Mathilde Hansen. The father was a farmer and once visited America, making the trip in 1893. It was seven years before this year that Otto Hansen came to the new world. He had been educated in the public schools of the fatherland and on crossing the Atlantic to America settled in St. Paul, where he made his initial step in business circles as a clerk in a general mercantile store. Thus he was employed for four years, after which he resigned his position and entered the service of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company, going to Taeoma, where he remained for ten years in the engineering department. He was engineer of maintenance between Ellensburg and Portland, called the Pacific division, and remained with the railroad company until 1900, when he resigned to engage in railroad contract work on his own account. His labors in this connection have since been of an important character, his patronage steadily growing until his business interests have assumed large and profitable proportions. He made his headquarters at Kennewick, Wasliington, for about three years and then came to Spokane in 1907. He has also done considerable irrigation wofk, taking important contracts of that character.

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On the 6th of November, 1899, Mr. Hansen was united in marriage to Catherine Anne Reese, a daughter of Reese J. and Anne Reese, of Tacoma, Washington. Mr. and Mrs. Hansen have two children, Reese Detlef and Catherine Mathilde. Mr. Hansen belongs to the Spokane Club and to the Spokane Amateur Athletic Club. His residence in America now covers a period of over twenty-five years and he feels that he has never had occasion to regret his determination to come to the new world, for here he has found the opportunities which he sought, and by determination and energy has steadily advanced in business until the extent and importance of his operations have placed him in a creditable position in business circles.

Charles A. Solberg

Charles A. Solberg is conducting an extensive and profitable enterprise as a dealer in men's furnishings at Wallace. He was born in Norway in 1860 and lost his mother when but a year and a half old. His education was acquired in his native land, and in 1880 he crossed the Atlantic to the United States, settling at Winona, Minnesota. There he secured employment in the general mercantile store of the A. L. Porter Company, remaining in that department for six years. On the expiration of that period he entered the grain department of the same concern, buying grain for their mill for four years. In March, 1890, he came to Spokane, accepting a position as salesman for Mr. Hanover of the I. X. L. Clothing Company. In that that capacity he acted for five years, and during that period made occasional visits to the Coeur d'Alene district. In 1896 he settled at Gem, Idaho, remaining there for about two years, when he came to Wallace, which has been his place of residence continuously since. For seven years he was employed by J. W. Tabor and in 1907 purchased a half interest in the business of H. McKinlej', forming the firm of McKinley & Solberg, devoted exclusively to the sale of men's furnishings. This relation was maintained with mutual pleasure and profit for four years, or until May 3, 1911, when Mr. Solberg purchased his partner's interest and has since been the sole proprietor of the establishment, conducting the business under the name of C. A. Solberg. He is a member of the Scandinavian Brotherhood. The hope that led him to leave his native land and seek a home in America has been more than realized. He found the opportunities he sought - whicli, by the way, are always open to the ambitious, energetic man, - and making the best of these he has steadily worked his way upward.

Drs. Charles R. And Herbert C. Mowery

Among the highly successful younger members of the medical profession in Wallace must be numbered Drs. Charles R. and Herbert C. Mowery, who located here in 1905. They are of German parentage, as the name would suggest, and were born and reared in Ottumwa, Iowa, in the public schools of which city they acquired their preliminary education. They subsequently pursued a classical course at the Iowa State University, at Iowa City, after which they matriculated in the medical department of the Creighton University at Omaha, Nebraska, this institution conferring upon them the degree of M. D., upon the completion of their professional studies. In 1903 they came to Idalio, locating in Wardner, where for two years they were associated in practice with Dr. Franz. When Dr. St. Jean bought the Wallace Hospital in 1905 they came here, and for five years thereafter were on the staff of that institution. They had leave of absence, however, in 1908 and 1909, and went abroad, pursuing post-graduate courses in the hospitals of London, Vienna, Berlin and Paris. In 1910 they severed their connection with the Wallace Hospital and joined the staff of Providence Hospital, with which institution they continue to be identified. They are well qualified for the duties of their profession both by reason of their thorough preparation and natural aptitude, possessing the mental characteristics and personality so essential to success in this of all vocations. They have met with good success during the period of their residence in Wallace and have built up lucrative private practices in addition to their hospital work.

The}' have neither of them ever married. They are actively identified with a number of fraternal organizations, holding membership in the Elks, Wallace Lodge, No. 331, B. P. O. E.; and the Eagles and the Red Men, all of this city. They are also affiliated with the Masonic order, belonging to Wardner Lodge, No. 34, A. F. & A. M.; the Knights of Pythias, Galena Lodge, No. 12; and the Woodmen of the World, all of Wardner. Their connection -with associations of a professional nature is confined to their membership in the Pacific Coast Association of Railway Surgeons. They are held in high regard in Wallace both professionally and socially and would seem to have most promising futures, judging by their success as practitioners since locating here.

Julius A. Zittel

Julius A. Zittel, a Spokane architect, whose developing powers have brought him to a position where recognized skill and ability place him with the foremost representatives of his profession in the Inland Empire, is now a member of the firm of Zittel & Rigg and has followed his chosen calling in this city since 1887. The name indicates his German birth and nativity, his natal year being 1869. He was thirteen years of age when he crossed the Atlantic to America, residing for a time in Chicago, where he studied architecture in a large office of that city until he came to S])okane. He was about eighteen years of age when, in 1887, he arrived in Washington and secured employment with H. Preusse, who was already established as a leading architect of this city. For six years he continued in the office and the recognition of his constantly increasing ability led to his admission to a partnership in 1893, and they continued in business under the firm style of Preusse & Zittel until 1910. In the intervening period of eighteen years they de- .signed and superintended the construction of many of the finest buildings in Spokane, including the Gonzaga College and the Victor block. They were also the architects who designed the new city hall, St. Aloysius Catholic church and the Carnegie Library building. Mr. Zittel, moreover, is connected with the building interests of the city as vice president of the Citizens Building & Loan Association.

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He has been a close student of his profession and is thoroughly familiar with the great scientific principles which underlie his work, while in design and execution the work embodies many of the most artistic conceptions.

In 18S9 occurred the marriage of ]Mr. Zittel and Miss Alice Shanks, a daughter of Robert and Marion Shanks, both pioneers of the county. They have one child, Eunice I. M., born in 1893, who is attending school. Their acquaintance in Spokane is a wide one and their circle of friends is almost coextensive therewith. Mr. Zittel possesses many of the sterling characteristics of the German race, including the thoroughness and perseverance as well as artistic temperament which have made the Teutonic people an important element of progress in various parts of the world.

George T. Crane

George T. Crane, president of the Crane Shoe Company, follows well formulated plans in the conduct of his business and meets every emergency that arises with a resourcefulness that enables him to conquer difficulties and bring to successful conclusion whatever he undertakes. His birth occurred in Cascade, Dubuque county, Iowa, September 8, 185-i, his parents being Peter F. and Nancy (Elliott) Crane. His parents were pioneers of Iowa to which state they had removed from Batavia, New York. During his youthful days George T. Crane was a pupil in the public schools of his native county and then, seeking the broader business opportunities of the city, made his way to Chicago, obtaining employment in the wholesale house of Benham, Trumbull & Company, with whom he remained until 188i!. Thinking to find still better advantages in the west where competition was not yet so great and where rapid development offered an excellent field, he came to Spokane and established a hardware store on Howard street, between Front and Main avenues, conducting his enterprise under the firm name of George T. Crane & Company until ISSl. On the discovery of gold in the Coeur d'Alene district he disposed of his mercantile interests and went to the mines in the vicinity of Murray, Idaho, where he engaged in placer mining through the summer. He became convinced, however, that his fortune was not to be made in that field and returning to Spokane he again entered commercial circles by purchasing an interest in the firm of Taylor & Sharkey, dealers in agricultural implements, with whom he remained for about two years. On the opening of the Wardner camp he made his way there and in partnership with E. C. Gove established a general mercantile store, opening with the first stock of goods in the camp. The business was conducted under the firm style of Gove & Crane until 1892. when the junior partner sold out and went to Rossland, British Columbia, being there at the opening of that camp. In partnership with Frank C. Loring and F. E. Snodgrass he purchased and developed the Josie mine, afterward selling out to the British syndicate that purchased and consolidated many mines in that district. Their old mine is now known as the Le Roi No. 2.

Mr. Crane returned to Spokane in 1896 and purchased an interest in the shoe store of Henry Hill, afterward organizing a stock company under the name of the Hill Shoe Company, of which he became president. In 1898 their store was re- moved from its original location at the corner of Sprague and Howard streets to 519 Riverside avenue, where the business has since been conducted. In 1903 Mr. Crane purchased the Hill interests and changed the name to the Crane Shoe Company, being today at the head of the largest and finest retail shoe store in the northwest. The business has constantly expanded until the volume of trade is now most gratifying and the reputation of the house is unassailable.

In his home life ^Ir. Crane finds the enjoyment which constitutes an even balance to his various business cares and responsibilities. He was married August 31, 1876, at Ottawa, Kansas, to Miss Margaret Wright, of that place, and they now have two sons and a daughter: Earl B. and Frank G., who are identified with their father in business ; and Marguerite, the wife of John G. MacDonnell, of Boston, Massachusetts. Mrs. Crane was a daughter of William and Rose (McKittrick) Wright, of Ottawa, Kansas. Mr. and Mrs. Crane now reside at No. 817 South Adams street, where he built a pleasant residence about four years ago. They are prominent members of the Christian Science church in which Mr. Crane has served as a trustee for several years. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity and in Oriental Consistory, No. 2, S. P. R. S., he has attained the thirty-second degree. He has also been more or less active in politics, recognizing the duties and obligations as well as the privileges of citizenship. His views accord with the prinicples of the republican party and in 1884 he was elected upon that ticket to the city council. Through the succeeding years he was a member of the Spokane school board and in 1907-08 represented his district in the state legislature. He is a statesman with an eye to practical results and not glittering generalities. His party fealty is not grounded on personal prejudice. He is thoroughly familiar with the great issues which divide the two parties that have roots extending down to the very bedrock foundation of the republic. He has also studied the lessons of life and has arrived at his own conclusions, the result of which may be called his post-graduate studies in the school of affairs. Such men, either in office or out, are the natural leaders of whichever party they may be identified with, especially in that movement toward better politics which is common to both parties and which constitutes the most hopeful political sign of the period.

Frank E. Peterson

In Frank E. Peterson are found many of the sterling qualities which characterize the nation of which he is a representative. He displays the persistency of purpose and the thorough reliability that have ever marked the Swedish people. In his business career, by means of his perseverance and unfaltering energy, he has made continuous and creditable progress. He was born in Smolan, Sweden, October 1, 1874, a son of John and Johanna Peterson, who in the year 1876 brought their family to America and, like many of the emigrants from that land, sought a home in Minnesota. They first located at Red Wing and the father who had learned cabinet maidng in his native land, continued to work at his trade.

The son, Frank E. Peterson, was sent to the public schools and when he had mastered the branches of learning therein taught, he acquired skill in the carpenter's trade, which he followed for a few years in Red Wing. Subsequently he sought a broader field of labor in Fargo, North Dakota, where he spent one year, but still not satisfied that he had reached the place which would give liim the best opportunities, he came to Spokane in the Spring of 1898. Since then he has never wished to change his residence, for the business conditions here offered him what he sought. Moreover, his intellect had early grasped the eternal truth that industry wins, and industry has ever been the guiding force of his life. Following his arrival in Spokane he engaged in business with G. L. Weber and J. A. Creutzer, under the firm name of G. L. Weber & Company, in the general building and contracting business. The first residence which they erected was that of the late Judge W. E. CuUen, on Pacific avenue. Mr. Weber died after about two years, and following the retirement of Mr. Creutzer from the firm, Mr. Peterson continued his building operations alone for a time and success attended his efforts, important contracts being awarded him, for he had given proof of his ability, enterprise and straightforward methods. Among some of the buildings which he has erected are: the Dessert building, at the corner of Bernard and Riverside; the Stevens school; the new Franklin school, and the administration high school building and many others. He has also made several large additions to other schoolhouses and has erected a number of residences and similar buildings. He is now a director and treasurer of the Colonial Building Company and as a general contractor his work is contributing much to the general improvement of the city. He is also known in financial circles of the city as a director of the Scandinavian-American Bank.

On the 28th of January, 1907, in Spokane, Mr. Peterson was united in marriage to Miss Ida May McClure and unto them has been born a son, John Lawrence. They occupy a pleasant home at 01428 Lincoln street, which Mr. Peterson erected in 1905. He belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Spokane Amateur Athletic Club, tlie Rotary Club and the Chamber of Commerce, associations which indicate much concerning the nature of his interests and his activities outside of the strict path of business. Those who meet him find that he possesses many of the qualities which awaken admiration and give rise to warm friendships. He started out in the business world with no false ideas concerning the way of attaining success. He early realized that diligence is the root of all honorable advancement and by reason of his persistent purpose and the skill which he has constantly displayed, for he has continually studied the business in its various phases, he has gained the liberal patronage wliich is accorded liim and whicli is certainly well merited.

Marshall M. Taylor

A resident of Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, for the past seven years, Marshall M. Taylor has materially contributed to the growth and commercial development of this city, having in his capacity as real-estate operator had a large share in platting the newer portions opened for building purposes. He was born in Jackson county. May 17, 1862, a son of Stephen L. and Cecelia (Dupuy) Taylor, the father being for many years occupied in running a grist mill near Fulton, Iowa. Marshall M. Taylor obtained his education in the common schools of Jackson county, Iowa, and in 1886 came west with his brother John B. Taylor, locating in eastern Oregon.

Later he removed to Cheney, Washington, where he was city marshal for a period of two years. He then engaged in the clothing business with his brother, but after a time sold out and left Cheney for Wallace, Idaho, where the brothers conducted a clothing business for nine years. In 1901 they came to Coeur d'Alene and organized the Lake City Hardware Company but sold out the controlling interest after a year and a half, in order to devote their entire time to real-estate transactions. They have been very successful in this last venture and since commencing their real-estate operations have laid out the following additions to Coeur d'Alene: Taylor, Lake Shore, College and Taylor's Park additions ; Fruitland, a suburb and irrigation tract, and also Lawrence Park addition, being laid out in ten-acre tracts. Mr. Taylor has a natural turn for business, and is spirited and energetic, alive to the many opportunities open to men who are not afraid to take a venture and who possess the qualities which win success.

Mr. Taylor was united in marriage at Cheney, Washington, on November 23, 1S93, to Miss Edith Hubbard, a daughter of H. H. Hubbard, now of Coeur d'Alene. The Taylor residence is situated in the Lake Shore addition on the lake front commanding a beautiful view of Coeur d'Alene lake, and with its great sweeping lawns and the substantial boathouse it makes one of the most striking and attractive places in the city.

In his political predilections Mr. Taylor is republican. He was elected to the common council of the city, in April, 1911, to serve for a term of two years. Fraternally he is connected with the Knights of Pythias, having served through all the chairs of the Cheney lodge at Cheney, Washington, and is now a member of the Coeur d'Alene lodge of the same brotherhood. Since his connection with local business interests Mr. Taylor has become known for his spirit of enterprise and his tireless energj^, being progressive in his policy and quick to act when the occasion demands.

James Montgomery Perry

Among the retired ranchmen of Spokane county who deserve prominent mention in this work sliould be named James Montgomery Perrv, who located at Cheney thirty-four years ago and is, therefore, one of the pioneers of this section. He was born in New York state, April 20, 18-16, and is a son of Oren and ^largaret (Tabor) Perry. The father died in 1852, when his son James was six years of age, but the mother survived until 1901.

James M. Perry received his early education in the public schools of the Empire state. After leaving school he worked on a farm and continued there until twenty years of age. He then went to Holley, New York, and secured employment in a flour and feed store. After giving up this position he came westward to Nebraska, where he applied himself to farming for seven years. Believing that the Pacific coast presented more favorable inducements, he removed to California, remaining, however, only a short time in that state. He next became a resident of Oregon and worked in a sawmill for two years. In 1877 he arrived at Cheney and took up a preemption claim of one hundred and sixty acres. Subsequently he purchased tracts of eigiity, two hundred and forty and four lumdred and forty acres respec- tively, thus becoming the owner of nine hundred and twenty acres of land in Spokane county. He applied himself successfully to farming until 1905, when he disposed of a portion of his land and bouglit property in Cheney. On account of ill health he retired from active operations and has since made his home in town. In 1910 he sold four hundred and forty acres but still retains two hundred and forty acres, which he rents to other persons.

On March 4, 1874, Mr. Perry was married to Miss Marie C. Salisbury, a daughter of Ackland Salisbury, whose ancestors were pioneers of New York state. Mr. and Mrs. Perry are the parents of one child, Grace, who is the wife of L. C. Van Patten. In politics Mr. Perry supports the republican party. He has been an active worker in its behalf and has attended many county conventions at Spokane. He belongs to the Masonic order, and has served as chaplain of the lodge at Cheney. He was also for many years a member of the Commercial Club of Cheney.

He has witnessed many changes in eastern Washington. When he located in Spokane county the country in this region was largely uninhabited except by Indians and wild animals, and settlers were often in danger from outbreaks of the savages. Twice Mr. Perry and his famih' were forced to leave Cheney on account of Indian scares, going the first time to Spokane and the second time to Colfax and on to Walla Walla. Conditions have changed, - the railroad, the telegraph and the wonderful conveniences of an inventive age assisted in the rapid march of progress and today SjDokane county is within read}' access of the best markets and the people enjoy all the desirable comforts and luxuries of modern life.

Mr. Perry showed rare public spirit at the time when the bill for the support of the State Normal school was vetoed, when he with a number of others signed notes to prevent the school from closing until the state appropriation could be made. His daughter is a graduate of that school. !Mr. and Mrs. Perry became members of the Methodist church in 1884, and ever since have been very prominent in church and temperance work. Both have served as officers in the church, and Mrs. Perry is an officer in the Ladies' Aid Society. She is a member of the Order of the Eastern Star, as is her daughter and her son-in-law, having latelv been elected secretary of the local jMasonic lodge. It is largely to the pioneers that the people of eastern Washington owe the blessing they now enjoy and no one of that noble class is more sincerely respected than James ^I. Perry.

William S. Lewis

William S. Lewis is a practicing attorney in Spokane and is the author of various historical articles pertaining to eastern ^A'ashington. He was born at Hamden, Delaware county. New York. July 21. 1876, and in 1884 came to the west with his parents, William A. and Fannie B. (Shaw) Lewis who in that year brought their family to Washington. William S. Lewis, then a lad of eight years, entered the ]niblic schools here and passed through consecutive grades to his graduation from the high school. He afterward became a pupil in the Leland Stanford Junior University of California, where he pursued the study of law and following his return to Washington was admitted to practice before the bar of tliis state in 1898. He has since followed his profession and is now associated with his brother, Marshall

L. Lewis. They have been accorded a good clientage, which is indicative of the fact that their work in the courts is satisfatcory to those who employ them. They are careful and painstaking in the preparation of cases, and strong argument and logical deduction are features in the presentation of their causes before court or jury. On the 16th of January, 1911, William S. Lewis was united in marriage to Miss Hildegarde J. Johannessen, a daughter of Carl J. Johannessen, of this city. Mr. Lewis is a man of considerable literary ability, as is evidenced by the historical articles which he has written pertaining to the history of eastern Washington. In politics he has always been a republican and is now allied with the progressive wing of the party, but has never been a candidate for office, preferring the retirement of private life to the publicity of the political field.

Oliver Nelson Bell

Oliver Nelson Bell is one of the well known real-estate dealers in Colville, having for the past six years been identified with L. M. McFarland in the operation of the Colville Land Company. He is a native of Iowa, his birth having occurred in Belknap, Davis county, that state, on the 10th of November, 1858, his parents being Charles R. and Sarah A. (Scoles) Bell. When he was a youth of sixteen the family residence was changed to Salem, Oregon, while two years later they became citizens of Latah, Washington. Here the mother passed away in 1891, but the father is still living in Hamilton, Montana, having attained the venerable age of seventy-five.

Reared in the country Oliver Nelson Bell devoted the winters of his boyhood and youth to the acquirement of an education in the common schools, first in Iowa and later in Oregon, while in summers he worked on the farm. After the mastery of the common branches he gave his undivided attention to agricultural pursuits, remaining under the parental roof until he was twenty-two years of age. He then left home to begin his independent career and going to Latah, Washington, filed on a timber claim, afterward a homestead and then bought railroad land until he owned a section. He and his father bought the first threshing machine north of Colfax. They did the first threshing on the Coeur d'Alene Indian reservation and were there before the new mission was built by Old Cataldo or Josette. Mr. Bell and his father also constructed the first wagon road across what is now known as Rock Creek valley, running from Latah across the reservation to Farmington, landing on Coeur d'Alene lake. For eight years thereafter he devoted his energies to the cultivation of his land and the raising of stock, withdrawing from these pursuits to engage in the livery business, in connection with which he also dealt in realestate. He was a resident of Latah until 1898, with the exception of a brief period in 1881, during the mining excitement, when he went to Coeur d'Alene, Idaho. After closing out his interests in Latah, Mr. Bell again took up his residence in this state, locating at Bossburg, where he engaged in the livery and stage business, which occupied his attention until 1905, and compelled him in the interest of the business, to travel extensively in both British Columbia and Washington. Upon leaving Bossburg, Mr. Bell came to Colville where he has ever since been located. During the period of his residence here he has met with good success in the pursuit

Spokane And The Inland Empire 99

Mr. and Mrs. Bell attend the Methodist Episcopal church, while they devote much time and money to promoting the temperance cause in this county, Mr. Bell having been one of the most prominent factors in abolishing the liquor traffic in his community. He and his wife both take an earnest interest in all movements tended to promote the moral and intellectual welfare of the community, while he is a generous contributor toward all church and charitable work whether under the auspices of his own denomination or tliat of some other. They have one son, Hugh M., attending the North Western University at Shenandoah, Iowa. Mr. Bell belongs to the Chamber of Commerce and the Stevens County Pioneer's Association, while in politics he is a democrat; although he takes a helpful and active interest in all municipal affairs, he has not been an office seeker, but on the contrary has consistently declined to accept any public honors at the hands of his constituency. Fraternally he is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, by the principles of which organization he has always striven to direct his life in both his public and private relations. Mr. Bell's efforts have been rewarded in a substantial way and in addition to his thriving business and property interests he is a stockholder in the New Golden Crown Mining Company, in the First Thought mining district in this county. His interests are thoroughly identified with those of Stevens county in the development and upbuilding of which he freely gives his aid and cooperation.

Henry C. Adam I.

Henry C. Adami, residing in Wallace, is the superintendent of the sampling works of the Federal Mining & Smelting Company. His birth occurred in Helena, Montana, on the 28th of April, 1879, his parents being Henry and Elizabeth (Maas) Adami. About 1870 the father emigrated from Germany to the United States, settling in Helena, Montana, where he did a freighting and real-estate business. Going back to the fatherland, he was there married and then again crossed the Atlantic and returned to Helena, where he continued in the business of rock quarrying and acquired considerable real estate. He still makes his home at Helena, and has attained the age of about fifty-eight years.

Henry C. Adami obtained his education in the grammar and high schools of Helena and after putting aside his text-books secured employment as a bookkeeper. In 1897 he began the study of assaying, chemistry and mining engineering with Braden Brothers of Helena, with whom he remained for two years. On the expiration of that period he became assayer and chemist for Thomas Cruse, of the celebrated Bald Mountain mine at Marysville, ^Montana, but resigned at the end of eiglit months to take the position of assistant assayer for the Peck Concentrating Company of East Helena, Montana. In a short time he was made the chemist of the concern, with which he remained for eight months, then becoming timekeeper and top foreman at the Gagnon mine in Butte, Montana, under the supervision of William Ward. After thus serving for another period of eight months he became identified, in 1901, with the Northwestern Sampling Works at Wallace, Idaho, then owned and operated by G. D. Potter and C. M. Witloff. In May, 1902, tliese gentle- men sold their plant to the ^line Owners' Association^ with which Mr. Adami continued as chief assayer. In October, 1902, when the Mine Owners' Association sold the plan to the American Smelting & Refining Company, our subject remained therein, acting as assayer and chemist for the Mine Owners' Association and M. E. Fisher, representing the American Smelting & Refining Company. In October, 1903, the American Smelting & Refining Company sold the plant back to the Mine Owners' Association and iSIr. Adami was appointed its superintendent. In the spring of 1906, when the Federal Mining & Smelting Companj' acquired all the interests of the Mine Owners' Association, including the sampling works, Mr. Adami continued to do all the assaj-ing and also superintended the operation of the plant, making all settlements for ore at that place. From that time to the present he has remained a valuable and trusted representative of the company.

On the 8th of June, 1904, Mr. Adami was united in marriage to Miss Rowena McDiarmid, a daughter of J. C. McDiarmid, of Wallace, Idaho, who was one of the early pioneers of the Coeur d'Alene district, coming to ^Murray, Idaho, with the first . gold rush. During the troublesome times in that district he served as deputy sherifi' under Angus Sutherland. Mr. and Mrs. Adami have one daughter, Dorothy, who was born in 1907.

Colonel William R. Abercrombie

Colonel William R. Abercrombie, military commander, scientist, explorer and promoter of various important business projects which have been of almost incalculable value in the development of the northwest, was born at Fort Ridgelj', Minnesota, August 17, 1857. His father. General John J. Abercrombie, who was born in Baltimore, iNIaryland, was a graduate of the West Point Military Academy of the class of 1822 and after fifty-five years' service in the United States army retired in 1877. He won distinction and honors in connection with service in the Indian wars, participating in the Seminole and the Black Hawk wars, also the Mexican and the Civil wars. In the last named he passed through all of the grades from that of second lieutenant to general officer. Through previous generations this military trait has been traced, the family being descended from Ralph Abercrombie, of the English army, who settled in this country after the battle of Ticonderoga. Of the three sons of General John J. Abercrombie two served in the army and one in the navy. The eldest son, J. J. Abercrombie, who became captain of artillery, is now retired and is living in Chicago, where he is conducting a brokerage business. Ensign F. P. Abercrombie, who was in the volunteer service, is now division superintendent of the Pennsylvania Railroad. The two daughters are: Mrs. W. E. Goodman, living at Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia; and Mrs. John Cole Rutherford, of Park, New Jersey.

Colonel William R. Arbercrombie, whose name introduces this review, was educated in Qiieen's county. Long Island, New York, pursuing his course in Flower Hill Academy. He became connected with the United States army at the age of nineteen years and was commissioned second lieutenant in the Second Infantry by General Grant in :March, 1877. In July of that year he came to the Pacific cnast to take part in the Nez Perce war. He went from Atlanta, Georgia, to San

Col. W. K. Aberckombie Spokane And The Inland Empire 103

Francisco, thence by boat to Portland and by river steamer to Lewiston, from which point he marched to Spokane Falls. Here in October the regiment was divided and Company E, of which Colonel Abercrombie was then second lieutenant, took its station at Fort Colville. Two companies built log cabins there while another company went to the Palouse country and the remainder of the troops went to Coeur d'Alene. In 1878 Colonel Abercrombie took part in the Bannock Indian war and the following year was quartermaster of an expedition into the Moses country in what is now known as the Great Bend, and encamped at the mouth of Foster creek on the Columbia river through the winter of 1879-80. In the spring of the latter year he proceeded by boat down the Columbia river and began building a post at Lake Chelan. Owing to the roughness of the country that post was afterward abandoned in the fall of 1880, and Colonel Abercrombie was appointed to duty at the mouth of the Spokane river, where he acted as quartermaster and commissary.

In 1882 trains began running to Fort Coeur d'Alene and with many of the events which have marked the upbuilding of this section of the country since that time Colonel Abercrombie has been closely associated. In ]8S'2 he was detailed to take the census of Indians on the Colville and Moses reservations, and in 1883 he made a survey of Pend d'Oreille river and Pend d'Oreille lake to the forty-ninth parallel and in 1884 commanded his first expedition into Alaska, locating the Copper river delta. Two years later he conducted an expedition and made a survey of the Priest river country and from 1886 until 1896 was stationed at Fort Omaha, Nebraska. He participated in various Indian campaigns throughout the west and was called out for active duty at the time of the riots in Chicago, in Butte and in other places. In 1897 he was stationed at Fort Harrison, JSIontana, and made surveys between the forty-seventh and forty-ninth parallels, and from the one liundred and ninth to the one hundred and eleventh meridians, which included the Miras Indian reservation and other public lands. In 1898 he was quartermaster of the Reindeer train which was attached to the expedition for the relief of destitute miners in the Yukon country in Alaska, and after the completion of that work, in the same year, he commanded the Alaska exploration expedition. No. 2, for the exploration of the Copper river valley with a view to discovering and locating an all-American route from tide water on Prince William's Sound to the international boundary between Canada and the United States, and Belle Isle and tlie Yukon river.

In 1889 Colonel Abercrombie commanded the Copper river exploration exjjedition operating from Port Valdez, Alaska. He discovered and located an all- American route from Port Valdez to the Tanana river, and the same year was apjjointed cliief engineer of the department of Alaska and construction engineer of the trans-Alaskan military road. From 1899 until 1901 he was engaged as constructing engineer of the trans-Alaskan military road from Valdez to the Yukon river, covering four hundred and eighty miles, and in 1902 he was acting engineering officer of the department of the Columbia at Vancouver Barracks, Washington. In 1903 he was in service in the Philippine islands and in 1905-6 was on recruiting duty in the northern part of the state of New Jersey. In 1907 he was commander at Fort Reno, Oklahoma, and in 1908 was on foreign service in the Philippine islands, while in 1910 he was commander at Fort Wright, at which point he retired from active service and came to Spokane to make his home. He continued in active military duty for thirty-three years, spending ten years, summer and winter, in tents. He is now connected with mining projects, having owned mining property since 1884. This is located at Cornucopia, Oregon, and he is also chief engineer of development in the Willapa Harbor, in Pacific county. He has gold and silver bearing properties and the company is now operating a twenty stamp mill. Colonel Abercrombie is also interestd in the Willapa-Pacific Townsite Company, the town site being located in Willapa county, at the mouth of the Willapa river about two miles south of South Bend. His long and varied experience in engineering work during his connection with the army well qualifies him for important duties that are now devolving upon him in this connection.

Colonel Abercrombie was the first soldier that came into the town of Spokane and the first man he met in the settlement was James Glover. The Indians had been dancing and making merry for a week before his arrival. Being a good fisherman he obtained promise from the commanding officer. General Wheaton, allowing him to go ahead of the command so he could fish. At that time there were only about three houses in the town and these mere shacks. In front of one was sitting a big, handsome fellow who called to the colonel as the latter went by, and he noticed that the man did not look very happy. His expression changed, however, to one of joy when in response to his question as to how many soldiers were behind the Colonel he was informed that there were about seven hundred. The man was Mr. Glover and Colonel Abercrombie afterward learned that he had not slept for several nights and it was a question when the sun went down whether he would ever see it rise again, for the Indians were getting excited and were showing marked signs of hostility. Colonel Abercrombie became well acquainted with the early settlers including James Monaghan, Cowley, Dumheller, Gray, Yetson, Post and a host of others, and it was this that induced him finally to settle in Spokane. As he said, he "learned to know these men as one only can in days when their worldly possessions were represented by a sack of flour and a slab of bacon." It is in such days when privations are great and hardships are many that the real nature of the individual is seen and in those pioneer times men learned to know each other for what they were really worth in character and ability. It was because of the strong friendships which he formed in those early days that Colonel Abercrombie returned to Spokane to make this city his home.

It was on the 13th of October, 1886, in New York city, that Colonel Abercrombie was married to Miss Lillian Kimball, a daughter of General A. S. Kimball, of the United States army, under whom he had served as department quartermaster at Vancouver Barracks, Washington, when the General was chief quartermaster of the department of the Columbia. Mrs. Abercrombie is a Daughter of the American Revolution. By her marriage she has become the mother of two daughters, Frances K. and Clara De Normandy, both of whom are now students at Brunot Hall.

Colonel Abercrombie's club relations are extensive and indicate his high standing in the different localities where he has resided for any length of time. They are also indicative of the nature of his interests. He belongs to the National Geographic Society, the Geographic Society of Philadelphia and the Explorers Club of New York, of which he is a charter member. He is likewise a charter member of the Army and Navy Club of New York, is a member of the Arctic Brotherhood of Alaska, the Army and Navy Club of Manila, the Spokane Club, the Spokane

Spokane And The Inland Empire 105

Country Club, the Officers Club of Fort Wright, the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, the Tillicum Club of Valdez and the Wanderers Club of Hong Kong, China. His have been thrilling experiences which can never come to one whose interests are confined to a single locality or whose efforts are concentrated along a single line of business. In fact, in purpose and in activity he has reached out over constantly broadening fields, meeting with such experiences as have caused him to place a correct valuation upon life and its contacts. He has preserved a splendid balance between the physical, mental and moral development and his friendships are largely with those whom experience and ability have raised above the ordinary level of life.

Jacob Stitzel

Some men are born ivith abihty so comprehensive that they succeed in anything they undertake. They have a clear discernment, a wise discrimination and a well balanced judgment not possessed by ordinarj' individuals. They inspire confidence in others and when they need assistance in any undertaking it is forthcoming. They do not seem to be hampered b}' difficulties to which others bow and they appear to be the natural leaders in their respective communities. To this class belonged Jacob Stitzel, of Colville, now deceased, who was for twenty years United States court commissioner and served in many important public and private positions of honor and trust. He was a native of Pennsylvania, born at Gettysburg, in 1831, a son of John and Sarah (Smith) Stitzel.

In 1837 he removed with his parents to Carlisle, Ohio, and at the age of ten years secured employment in a store, where he continued for three years. Later he occupied similar positions at Addison and Troy, Ohio. He possessed very limited advantages of education at the public schools but he was a man of fine powers of observation, which in a large measure compensated for his early lack of educational training. At the age of eighteen, desirous of seeing the world and yielding to the gold excitement, he started for the Pacific coast and it was on this journey that he undertook his first great responsibility. A thousand people about to leave the Missouri river found themselves without a leader and a vote resulted in the selection of Jacob Stitzel as commander of the expedition. Although he had not yet arrived at the age of manhood, he accepted the position and discharged his duties during the long and toilsome journey over the plains and across the mountains in a wa_v that indicated these hardy pioneers had made no mistake in selecting a beardless youth as their leader. He arrived at Sacramento in September, 1819, and for fourteen months engaged in mining on the American river with fair success. In October, 1850, he attended the first meeting of California pioneers at San Francisco, and during the same month came north to Astoria and made the trip from that place to Portland in a rowboat. Soon afterward he associated in business with Judge Piatt of Oregon City and also took up a donation claim of three hundred and twenty acres in Clackamas county. After spending six years farming he removed to Portland and engaged in mercantile pursuits, being identified from 1861 to 1866 in the lumber business. In 1861 he was elected sheriff of Multnomah county and was reelected two years later, serving four years. After retiring from this office he engaged in the real-estate business and was instrumental in introducing the first foreign capital to Oregon. In 1872 he went to Washington, D. C, on a special political mission to secure public appropriation for Oregon and was successful even against the influence of congressional representatives, Oregon being then a democratic state. In 1874 he was appointed deputy collector of customs for eastern Washington and northern Idaho, with headquaters at Fort Colville, a position which he held until 1880, when he was appointed clerk of the United States circuit court of Colville. While serving as clerk he filed upon a tract of land near Colville, which he disposed of a few years ago at a very handsome figure, thus rounding out his declining years in comfort. In 1883 Mr. Stitzel was elected to the territorial legislature and served four years in the senate. At the conclusion of his legislative term he was again commissioned as clerk of the United States court and remained in that position until the admission of Washington as a state in 1889, when he was elected clerk of the superior court, serving one term. Owing to his great efficiency in handling government business he was appointed United States court commissioner in 1892, a position which he filled for nearly twenty years, performing his duties in a manner that secured the very best results for the public service.

Mr. Stitzel was married in Clackamas county, Oregon, to Miss jNIary W. Halprunner. Of their children four survive. Martha A., the widow of the late General Evan Miles, of San Francisco; Mary E., who is the wife of A. H. Moor, of Tacoma ; Kathrine S., who married Gilbert S. Ide, of Colville, a record of whom appears elsewhere in this work ; and James H., of Colville.

Mr. Stitzel died January 22, 1911, having arrived at the age of four score years. In politics he adhered to the republican party, and was one of the most prominent workers in its behalf in Stevens comity. He was chairman of the state republican convention in 1883 and presided over many important political gatherings. He was offered the post of minister to China by President Grant but declined it. For three years in the early '70s he was chief of the mounted police in Washington, D. C. Fraternally he was identified with the Odd Fellows and Rebekahs, being a member of the former fifty-three years, and of the latter for fiftytwo years. His only request in his last days was that he should be buried by those organizations. He assisted in organizing the Stevens County Pioneer Association and was its first president. He was for many years an active member of the Congregational church and was a man of pronounced tendencies though not given to intruding his opinions upon others.

The funeral services of this good man and citizen drew the largest attendance known in Colville. Rev. G. H. Wilbur, who had been pastor of the church of which Mr. Stitzel was a member, had charge of the exercises and in the course of his remarks he said:

"Thus passes from our midst a man beloved by all, whose life was worth while and whose memory must be preserved. His home, his heart, his very life was wrapped up in this section. He believed in Stevens county and spread the doctrine. His innate kindliness won the hearts of newcomers. His counsel won the respect of residents. His life was a tribute to the principles of honesty, truthfulness and helpfulness. It avails nothing to mourn his death. The fact that he has ceased to be is not nearly so important as that he has been - that he has lived to a purpose - th;it lie lias worked aiu] his work has been found good. Tliis country was a wilder- ness when he first viewed it, but before his death he saw the portals of time swing open and disclose a country born of freedom and teeming with healthful life and industry - partly the result of his own efforts. This country - his country - bears the impress of his activities. Let his name be carried down to succeeding generations as one to be revered. Let him be remembered as a master builder."

The following resolution adopted by the bar association of Stevens county eloquently expresses the sentiments of the legal fraternity as to the work and character of Mr. Stitzel:

"Inasmuch as one of the oldest and most honorable citizens of Colville has passed from our midst and gone to join the other pioneers of the west, who have journeyed on to that great unexplored country, from whose bourne no traveler returns;

"And inasmuch as this citizen, whose loss to the community can hardly be estimated at this time, has lived among us, honored and respected for so many years, it seems right and proper that this court, the bar of Stevens county, and the officers of the court should take cognizance of the passing of one of our foremost citizens :

"Resolved, That we as members of the bar of Stevens county, together with the judge and officers of this court should and do seize upon this opportunity to honor the character and memory of our departed friend, and in token of our appreciation of the life and character of Jacob Stitzel, in token of the respect with which we have ever regarded him, in token of the sympathy which we feel for the bereaved family who mourn his loss and in consideration of his services as one of the earliest officers of this court, that the members of the bar of this county and the officers of this court stand while his honor adjourns the labors of the court for a season to enable all to pay their respects to the memory of the departed."

John B. Taylor

Since coming west twenty-five years ago, .John B. Tavlor has been closely associated with his brother, Marshall M. Taylor, in various business enterprises meeting with like success as a reward for steadfast application and competent management. He is four years his brother's junior, having been born April 22, 1866. in Jackson county. Iowa. His parents were Stephen L. and Cecelia (Dupuy) Taylor, who lived in Iowa where the father operated a grist mill near Fulton. He obtained his education in the schools of Jackson county, Iowa, and at Valparaiso University, in Valparaiso. Indiana, after which he took a commercial course in a business college in Chicago. In 1886 he came west with his brother, Marshall M., and located for a short time in eastern Oregon. Later he engaged in the clothing business in Cheney, Washington, removing from there to Wallace, Idaho, where they conducted a similar business for nine years. In 1901 he came to Coeur d'Alene and with his brother organized the Coeur d'Alene Hardware Company, selling this after a year and a half in order to engage in the real-estate business. They have been very prosperous in this venture and have platted a large number of new additions in Coeur d'Alene, selling city lots, and ten-acre tracts for fruit-raising purposes. Mr. Taylor is interested in various other financial enterprises in addition to his real-estate business. He is vice-president of the Exchange National Bank of Coeur d'Alene, and also of the Bank of St. Joe, of St. Joe, Idaho, and is a stockholder in the Bank of St. Maries, of St. Maries, Idaho.

Fraternally Mr. Taylor is affiliated with the Masonic order, being a member of that lodge at Wallace, Idaho. He is also a member of the Commercial Club of Coeur d'Alene.

Wilson C. Kipp

Wilson C. Kipp, president and treasurer of the Pohlman-Kipp Company, proprietors of a confectionery, ice cream parlor and tea room, is in this connection at the head of one of the popular business enterprises of Spokane. Moreover, he has important landed interests as secretary and treasurer of the Interstate Irrigation Company. He was born in Cresco, Iowa, November 30, 1869, a son of Wilson D. and Elizabeth J. (Turner) Kipp. The father was the proprietor of a general mercantile store in Cresco and was one of the pioneer residents of Iowa, where he continued to make his home until the spring of 1888 when he came to the coast, residing at Healdsburg, California, for about six months. On the expiration of that period he came to the Spokane country, settling on a homestead claim in Lincoln county in 1899. Since that time he has been identified with the agricultural development of the Inland Empire. His family numbered four sons and a daughter, Harold T., Robert H., Charles T., Emma J. and Wilson C, all now residents of Spokane.

In the public schools of New Hampton, Iowa, Wilson C. Kipp pursued his education and through his boyhood days worked with his father, thus receiving a thorough business training and early learning the lesson that industry wins, so that industry has been the beacon light of his life. He was a young man of about nineteen years when the family came to the west and soon after the removal from California he went to Davenport, Washington, entering the employ of Knapp-Burrell & Company, an agricultural implement house, whom he represented as a traveling salesman throughout the Inland Empire for six years. In 1895 they retired from this field and Mr. Kipp together with W. W. Redhead who had been their general agent here, took over the business under the firm name of Redhead & Kipp. After three years Mr. Kipp sold out to his partner and in 1898 joined J. V. Pohlman in establishing their present business in the Whitten block, at the corner of Post street and Sprague avenue. In 1900 they removed to their present quarters, at No. 720 Riverside avenue, an estimate of the volume of the business is indicated in the fact that they serve about five thousand persons daily. Of the company Mr. Kipp is the president and treasurer and the progressive methods which he has instituted have been one of the salient factors in the continuous and substantial growth of the business. Moreover, he is the secretary and treasurer of the Interstate Irrigation Company, which owns over two thousand acres of irrigated land at Hayden Lake, Idaho.*

Mr. Kipp belongs to Spokane Lodge, No. 34, F. & A. M.; Spokane Lodge, No. 228, B. P. O. E.; to the Spokane Club; and he is a life member of the Spokane Amateur Athletic Club. His unfeigned cordiality and social nature render him popular not only in the immediate circles of his friends but also in business circles. In his business life he has been a persistent, resolute and energetic worker, keeping his hand steadily upon the helm of his commercial interests and strictly conscientious in his dealings with debtor and creditor alike. Keenly alive to the possibilities of every new avenue opened in the natural ramifications of trade, he has passed over the pitfalls into which unrestricted progressiveness is so frequently led and has focused his energies in directions where fruition has been resultant.

Walter J. Sullivan

Walter J. Sullivan has worked his way steadily upward to a position of prominence in business circles, being now president and manager of the Wallace Produce Company, the onlj' concern of its kind in the Coeur d'Alene district. His birth occurred at Orillia, Ontario, Canada, on the 5th of January, 1882, his parents being John and Mary (Cosgrove) Sullivan. He supplemented his early education by a two years' academic course in the Toronto University and in 1900, when a youth of eighteen, entered the employ of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company as a clerk in their office at Moorhead, Minnesota. Six years later he was acting as their ticket agent at Fargo, North Dakota. In 1906 he went to Winnipeg, Manitoba, as city ticket agent for the Soo Line, there remaining for about a year and a half. Late in the year 1907 he came to Wallace, Idaho, as the Wallace agent of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company, serving in that capacity for twelve months. In 1908 he entered the service of the Wallace Produce Companj', then under the management of Fred J. Day, acting as bookkeeper for one year. In 1909 having demonstrated his fitness for the position, he was made manager of the concern and on the 1st of January, 1911, was chosen president, the other officers being as follows: J. W. Tabor, vice president; and R. T. Dillworth, of Spokane, secretary and treasurer. The Wallace Produce Company, an incorporated concern, handles produce of all kinds and is the only enterprise of this character in the Coeur d'Alene district.

On the 18th of August, 1906, Mr. Sullivan was united in marriage to ]\Iiss Jane Christianson, of St. Paul, Minnesota. Fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Columbus at Wallace, being now the deputy grand knight. His life record is an excellent illustration of the fact that in America there is opportunity for all and that labor is king in this land, for his untiring diligence has been the key which has unlocked for him the portals of success.

Harvey Neil Stronach

The position of secretary of the Cheney Normal school calls for sound judgment and good business capacity as well as knowledge of human nature and practical experience in the world. These qualities are possessed by Harvey Neil Stronach, hence his marked success in connection with the school. He is a native of Halifax, Nova Scotia, born December 29, 1879, being a son of William P. and Jessie (Ray) Stronach both of whom are deceased. The family originated in Scotland and ancestors of the subject of this review were early settlers of Nova Scotia. The grandfather and one other person received as a reward for services five hundred acres of land apiece near Margaretsville, Annapolis county, Nova Scotia. The mountains of that region still bear the name of Stronach. The father and great-grandfather were engaged in the general mercantile business and shijibuilding. They became wealthy but loss most of their fortune through the great depression in sailingship values.

Mr. Stronach, whose name stands at the head of this review, received his preliminary education in the public schools of Nova Scotia and later became a student of the ^liddleton high school, from which he was graduated in 1897. He attended the Truro Agricultural College and the National Business College, graduating from the latter in lOOi. Believing that conditions were more favorable for an ambitious young man in the United States than in Canada, Mr. Stronach came to Spokane and from 1905 to 1909 filled tlie position of principal of the Commercial department of the Northwestern Business College of that city. He then went to Lewiston, Idaho, and taught for one year in the high school. At the end of the time named he came to Cheney and has since served as secretary of the normal school, discharging his duties in a manner which has been highly acceptable to the trustees and patrons of the institution. He is also purchasing agent for the school. He is greatly interested in the development of eastern Washington and is owner of a tract of irrigated land near Hayden lake.

Politically Mr. Stronach supports the candidates and principles of the republican party. He is a valued member of the Masonic order and also of the Order of the Eastern Star. While at Spokane he was connected with the Amateur Athletic Club and the Business Men's Club of the Young Men's Christian Association. Being a man of unusual energy and great perseverance in anything he.undertakes, he has won his way to the front in the state of his adoption and is known as one of the wide-awake and responsible citizens of Cheney. That the circle of his influence will be greatly enlarged in years to come is the confident prophecy of his friends.

William J. Nickerson

William J. Nickerson, while conducting a general real-estate business, largely handles his own properties. While he is now developing and conducting an extensive business in the purchasing and sale of realty he has also been most active as a factor in promoting the progress and advancing the civilization which has taken Spokane and this section of the state out of the pioneer class, placing the city with all of its advantages, opportunities and improvements on a par with the cities of the older east. His birth occurred near Coburg, Ontario, Canada, August 8, 1843. His father, Ephraim Andrew Nickerson, also a native of that country, was descended in the maternal line from a family represented in the Revolutionary war. His mother's ancestors were from Amsterdam, Holland, and in the early colonial epoch settled on the Hudson river where the Van Rensselaers also located. She was taken prisoner by the Indians and held in captivity for a long time but was afterward released. Her father, however, was kept as a prisoner by the Indians for seven years and her adopted brother, when captured, was killed and unjointed from his toes to his hips, the pieces of his body being thrown down before his foster father. Ephraim Andrew Nickerson, born and reared in Canada, resided for a number of years in Iowa, where he filled the office of justice of the peace and school director and held other positions of public trust. It was in 1855 that he became a resident of Manchester, Delaware county, Iowa, where he engaged in farming and in following that pursuit he provided a comfortable living for his family. He died in 1892 but is still survived by his wife, who is living in Spokane at the advanced age of ninety-one years. She bore the maiden name of Elizabeth Ash and was born in Canada, where she was married though she was reared in the United States.

William J. Nickerson was a young lad when the family left Canada, going first to Illinois and thence to the vicinity of Manchester, Iowa, where the father purchased land, the family there residing until 1863. On the 1st of June, 1864, they went to Oakland, California, making the long trip across the plains, and William J. Nickerson attended school in Alameda and afterward became a college student at San Jose and Santa Clara, being graduated in the latter city in 1865. In that year he went to San Francisco, where he engaged in the shipping and forwarding business, first being employed as porter for the firm of Moss, Beadle, Goodall & Perkins. From that position he was advanced through intermediate positions to that of chief bookkeeper and had general charge of the business in the office until 1874. For a short time he engaged in the commission business on his own account in partnership with a man named Danzell. In 1883 he made his way to Washington and afterward to Plaza, Washington, and during the succeeding eighteen years was closely connected with mercantile interests of that place. He also served as postmaster there for sixteen vears, from 1892 until 1908. Seeking a still broader field of labor he removed from Plaza to Spokane where he has since engaged in real-estate and mining interests. Like most of the men who have lived in the northwest he had at different times been closely associated with mining and the life of the camps in all of its different phases was familiar to him. He went to Idaho in 1883, going over the "Jackass" trail and digging a way through the snow, being thirteen days on that trail. He purchased what was then known as the Charles Dickens mine but is now called the Idaho Knickerbocker mine, a very fine property which is now shipping its product. He also purchased placer mining ground on Trail creek and was very successful in working it. In the fall of 1884 he was there joined by his wife. Conditions seemed very crude at times and yet there was a hospitality which made life enjoyable. At the first dance held there the men dressed in miner's clothes with long-topped boots, but everybody greatly enjoyed the ball. There was no school in tlie district and to meet this need Mr. Nickerson and others organized a school, getting up entertainments in order to meet the expenses. They produced such plays as "Uncle Tom's Cabin," and it is said that "dollars fairlj^ rained upon the stage" until they had money enough to build a schoolhouse and pay the teacher. The town was then called Beaver but the name has since been changed to Delta. While at Plaza Mr. Nickerson filled the office of justice of the peace.

With advancing years and the changes in conditions Mr. Nickerson wished to become a factor in the city life with its broader business opportunities and removed to Spokane, where he has since conducted a general real-estate business although much of the property which he handles he purchased outright. He is still interested in the Idaho Knickerbocker and the Royal Copper Alining Companies, 01 which he is secretary-treasurer. He is also interested in the \'alley Mining

Company and other mining property near Valley, Washington, and he likewise owns property near Princeton, British Columbia, comprising twenty-four claims.

In 1872, in Solano county, California, Mr. Nickerson was united in marriage to Miss Alice E. Patterson, a daughter of Robert Patterson, of Solano county, formerly of Pennsylvania, and a representative of one of the old American families. They have become parents of three children: William Harley; Claude Robert; and Pearl E., who is the wife of John Moore, of Mount Vernon, Washington.

While residing in California Mr. Nickerson served in the state militia for five years as a member of Company A, of the First Regiment of the California National Guards of San Francisco. He was also made a Mason in San Francisco lodge. In politics he is a republican and has been a delegate to various county and state conventions of his party. At different times he has held local offices and was very active as a political leader in Idaho during the early days. He is now identified with the Chamber of Commerce and has ever kept in touch with the trend of modern progress, becoming a cooperant factor in the projects and movements which have brought about the present day civilization and prosperity.

John Rickey

John Rickey, who has been successfully identified with the dairy interests of Colville for the past sixteen years, has also been a factor in public life here, having served an unexpired term, to fill a vacancy, and two full terms as treasurer of Stevens county. He was born in Knox county, Ohio, on the 19th of October, IS-i-t, and is a son of Foster and Nancy (Bowles) Rickey. The father, who was one of the pioneer agriculturists of Ohio, passed away in 1851 and the mother survived until 1863.

The common schools of Ohio and Illinois equipped John Rickey for the responsibilities of life by providing him with a good, practical education. At the age of eighteen years he left Illinois and went to Iowa, engaging as a farm hand. Two years later he again started westward, locating in California, where he spent a similar time, working in a flour mill. In April, 1866, he came to the Colville valley and engaged in prospecting in the mines, devoting the majority of his time to this occupation during the next ten years, two of which he spent in British Columbia. In 1872 he took up a homestead in the vicinity of Colville, operating his land in connection with his other activities for twenty years and set out the first orchard in Stevens county three miles below Kettle Falls, in 1874. It was this orchard that revealed to the settlers the suitability of the land and climate for that purpose and it has been resultant in the present large acreage in this district devoted to that pursuit. In 1 887 he embarked in the general mercantile business in Colville, continuing in this line for about eighteen months. He was appointed county treasurer in 1889 to fill an unexpired term of one year, at the expiration of which period he was elected to the same office, being reelected in 1892. When he withdrew from public life in 1894, he engaged in the dairy business, which he followed for three years. At the end of that time he retired but the following year again resumed the operation of his dairy and has ever since been identified with the business. He has a fine place, well equipped with all modern appliances and conveniences for the work of dairying, in which he is meeting with good returns.

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On the 9th of October, 1882, Mr. Rickey was united in marriage to Miss Delphine Jeanette, a daughter of Frank Jeanette, a resident of Stevens county. Of this union there have been born nine children, seven of whom are living, as follows : Foster, who married Hazel Jameson; Ida; Meta; lona; Nora; Bertha, and Orpha. Those deceased are Walter, and an infant who was not yet named.

In his political views, Mr. Rickey is a republican, and besides filling the office of treasurer he served for several years as justice of the peace while a resident of Kettle Falls precinct, when living on his homestead. He has also been a delegate to a number of county conventions, always having been prominent in his party. Mr. Rickey is a member of the Stevens County Pioneers Society, and has always taken an active and helpful interest in all matters pertaining to the public welfare and the development of the community.

John Mattyshock

The hardware and implement business of Hilh'ard finds a worthy representative in John Mattyshock, who is also largely interested in mining and is known as one of the substantial men of the community. He was born near Breslau, Germany, June 12, 1877, a son of Frank and Agnes (Smichly) Mattyshock. The father died in 1903 and the mother passed away one year previously.

John Mattyshock passed his boyhood under the paternal roof and in the public schools of his native land secured the rudiments of an education. At the age of fourteen he emigrated to the United States and after landing at New York proceeded directly to Labolt, South Dakota, where he secured employment as a section hand on the Great Northern Railway. After working for a year, he went to Thompson, North Dakota, and followed the same work, proceeding a year later to Benson, Minnesota, at which place he filled the position of section foreman. He performed his duties so acceptably, that after two years he was promoted to the position of inventory inspector of the Breckenridge division, but occupied his new office only two months, when he was sent to Breckenridge as yard foreman. Perceiving the importance of additional education, he became a student in a business college at Sauk Center, Minnesota, and after one winter at this institution returned to the railway service as section foreman at Kerkhoven, Minnesota. Once more he gave up outdoor labor and entered a business college, and after completing a course at Minneapolis he went to Murdock, Minnesota, to fill a position as section foreman. He occupied the same position for six months at Browns Valley, Minnesota, and at the end of that time went to Havre, Montana, and for ten months was stationary engineer at the roundhouse. His next employment was as handy man at the roundhouse at Hillyard, Washington, a position which he filled for three years. Having decided to give up the railroad business, he located on one hundred and sixty acres of land near Jennings, Montana, but after five years' residence returned to Washington and for two years was engaged in government service in the navy-yard at Bremerton. In 1909 he returned to Hillyard and associated with M. H. Gordon in the hardware and implement business. The firm has been highly successful and as the partners are both men of good business judgment and understand the wants of the public in everything pertaining to hardware and implements.

the outlook is indeed bright for a steady increase of prosperity. In 1910 Mr. Mattyshock filled the office of secretary and treasurer of the Idaho Consolidated Mining Company and he is interested in a number of mines in this part of the country.

On January 2, 1911, Mr. Mattyshock was married at Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, to Miss Mamie Edwards, a daughter of pioneer farmers of this country. Politically Mr. Mattyshock is independent. He belongs to the Knights of Columbus and the Elks and can claim many friends in those organizations as well as outside of secret societies. He is an active, industrious and progressive man and is now fairly launched in a successful business which gives promise of gratifying returns in years to come. He is honored and respected wherever his name is known and ranks as one of the popular citizens of Hillyard - a man who has been true to every obligation and whose word is to him as binding as his bond.