Wabasha County, Minnesota - Biographical sketches, 1920 (part 10 of 27)

Ralph Waldron Huffman, M. D., who, after service in the recent World War, has established himself in the practice of his profession at Elgin, was born at Barth, Ontario, Canada, September 27, 1873, son of Cyrus and Angeline (Miller) Huffman, who also were Canadians by birth. The mother died in 1875, but the father is still living at Barth. Ralph W. Huffman was graduated from the Napanee high school, of Ontario, in the class of 1897. He then entered Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario, from which he was gradu¬ ated in the class of 1899. The next eighteen months of his life were spent in Nicaragua, Central America, where he was engaged in the practice of medi¬ cine. In 1901 he came to Minnesota, locating at Georgetown, Clay County, where he followed his profession for four years. Then for two and a half years he followed it in Chatfield, Fillmore County, and for three years sub¬ sequently in Stewartville, Olmsted County. A sense of duty to his native land then caused him to return to Canada, where he entered the Canadian army as captain in the medical corps, and in that capacity he spent eight months on transports, crossing over to England four different times. Having escaped the submarines and other dangers, and with an enlarged and varied experience, his service came to an end, and he was honorably discharged September 11, 1919. He then came directly to Elgin, where he is already enjoying a lucrative prac¬ tice in medicine and surgery. He is a member of the Olmsted County Medical Society and of the State Medical Association, also of the Masonic order and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.

Joseph Gosse, who during his span of life in Wabasha County made a good record as a successful agriculturist and reliable and useful citizen, was born in Hanover, Germany, December 23, 1850, son of Bernhard and Caroline (Rumke) Gosse. The father was a small farmer in Germany, and he and his wife has nine children: Christine and Theresa, who are still living in Germany; Joseph, the subject of this sketch; Henry, of Greenfield Township; Mary, now Mrs. August Schutch, of Greenfield Township; Josephine, wife of Fred Welter, of Crookston, Minn.; Bernhard, deceased; and Clemens and August of Waba¬ sha city. Joseph Gosse, who attended school in his native land, resided there until attaining his majority. Then in 1871 he came to the United States, locat¬ ing first in St. Cloud, Minn., where his grandparents on his mother's side then resided. His occupation for seven or eight years after arriving in this country was that of a farm hand. Durng that time he saved his money, and in 1880 came to Wabasha County and bought 160 acres of partly improved land on Pepin Hill, in section 23, Pepin Township. The location was four and a half miles west of Wabasha city and near Reed's Landing, which at that time was a lively place. The buildings on the place were small and unimportant, and the wrork o f developing a good farm lay before him. It was a task for which he was suited. He was industrious and frugal, and at once set to work. The task took time but was gradually accomplished. The neighbors saw first one new building then another go up, the cultivated acres increased, the land was fenced, cattle and other stock multiplied, and Mr. Gosse took his place among the well to do citizens of his township, and was respected for his achieve¬ ments, as for his personal character. All this was not accomplished alone, for Mr. Gosse had the aid of a good wife, who did her full part in looking af ter the affairs of the household and rearing a family of children, who as they grew up became useful to their parents. Mrs. Gosse was in maidenhood Catherine Kennebeck, daughter of Bernhard and Letta Kennebeck, of Big Waumandee, Buffalo County, Wis., and was born August 15, 1863. They were married June 19, 1883, and lived together in happy wedlock for nearly 32 years, when death broke the bonds that united them, and Mr. Gosse passed to the higher life on April 19, 1915. His remains were laid to rest in St. Felix cemetery at Wabasha, he and his family being faithful Catholics and long members of St. Felix' parish. Nine children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Gosse, namely: Mary, March 21, 1885; Bernhard, May 15, 1887; Caroline, August 20, 1889; Frank, July 1, 1891; Anthony, June 21, 1893; Theodore, January 28, 1897; Lizetta, March 6, 1899; Joseph, May 28, 1901; and Louis, October 28, 1903. Mary is now Mrs. William Tritchler, and has three children, Myrtle, Ervin and Cath¬ erine. Bernhard married Maude Preston, who is a farmer near Bearman, N. D., and has two children, Mary and Joseph. Caroline is the wife of George Bruegger, a farmer near Bowman, N. D. Frank, who is farming near Bearman, N. D., married Lottie Seybold, and has a son named Estell. Anthony is working the home farm for his mother. Theodore is a bridge builder in the employ of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway and resides at home when not working far away. He was drafted October 24, 1918, sent to Camp Forrest, Georgia, and discharged at Camp Dodge, Iowa, January 3, 1919. Lizetta, Joseph and Louis are residing at home with their mother, the two youngest attending St. Felix school.

Matthew Arens, a member of the firm of McDonough & Arens, general merchants of Kellogg, is one of the 'live business men of this thriving com¬ munity, and a citizen held in high esteem. He was born in Greenfield Town¬ ship, Wabasha County, December 29, 1893, son of John and Amelia (Weber) Arens. The father was a native of the Duchy of Luxemburg, and the mother of Baden-Baden, Germany. On coming to Wabasha County they took land in Greenfield Township, where they are now living on a 160-acre farm, engaged in general, agriculture and stock raising. They are the parents of five children, all now living in Wabasha County, namely: Emil, Barbara, Michael, Margaret and Matthew. Matthew Arens was brought up on his parents' farm and in his boyhood attended both the parochial and district schools. While attend¬ ing school in Wabasha he worked in his brother's store there. Subsequently he became clerk for John Costello & Co., with whom he remained four years. In 1916 he entered into his present business as a partner with James Mc¬ Donough, and is now in the full tide of a prosperous career as one of the leading merchants of Kellogg, the firm handling all the various kinds of goods forming the stock of an up-to-date general store. Mr. Arens was married No¬ vember 7, 1916, to Bessie Odell, daughter of Bert and Margaret Odell, of Kel¬ logg. He and his wife have one son, Matthew Odell. Mr. Arens and his family are members of the Catholic church, and he belongs also to the Knights of Columbus. He is known far and wide as a successful merchant, a good citizen and a true American.

Edward M. York, a pioneer of Hyde Park Township, who died in 1897, at the age of 75 years, was born at Webster, Me., January 6, 1823, son of John and Eliza York. The early ancestors of the family on the paternal side were of English and Irish blood, and came to America at an early day from England. On the maternal side the ancestry was Scotch and Welch, and one or more were numbered among the Mayflower's passengers who landed at Plymouth, Mass., in 1620. At a later date the York family settled in Maine, where they were established for several generations. In 1855 the brothers moved to Minn¬ esota, viz., William G., Isaac J. and Edward M., and located on farms in Wa¬ basha County, and without doubt members of this family served in both the War of 1812 and the Revolutionary War. Edward M. York was educated in the common schools of the old Pine Tree State and spent his youth on his parents' farm. In 1851 he removed to New Hampshire, where he remained until 1855. He then emigrated west to Wabasha County, Minn., settling on section 31, Zumbro Township, in what is now Hyde Park, the location being four miles northeast of Hammond. There he owned 200 acres of land, and became a prominent citizen, serving for some years as assessor, and for 30 years as supervisor. Politically he was a Democrat. Mr. York married Mary Sinclair, whose parents were natives of Maine, and of this union were born nine children. Three of the children, Jennie L., Isaac and Arthur, died previous to 1884, but the others are still living, namely: Edward N., of Hammond; Dora Ann, wife of Ole H. Olson, of Hammond; Minta, widow of M. J. Muldoon, formerly a grain buyer of Hammond; Elnora L., wife of Charles Wading, of Hammond; Lorinda A., wife of Frank Lawson, residing in Goodhue County; and Estella A., wife of Frank A. Parker, living on a farm three miles south of Goodhue. The mother, Mrs. Mary York, died in January, 1892, at the age of 64 years.

Edward Nathaniel York, for many years a leading citizen of Hammond, with the development of which village he has had much to do, was born in Manchester, N. H., November 19, 1853, son of Edward M. and Mary (Sinclair) York. He was about two years old when he accompanied his parents to Wabasha County, Minn., this being more than two years before Minnesota be¬ came a state, and for the last 64 years he has lived within four miles of Ham¬ mond, the farm on which his parents settled being four miles to the northeast of the present village. After attending the district school he took a commer¬ cial course in a business college, but remained on the home farm until he was 27 years old. Then coming to Hammond, he entered upon a business career, starting a general store, which he conducted alone for 13 years. At the end of that time William Kruger became his partner, and besides carrying on the store they started the first creamery in this part of the county, which they con¬ ducted together for seven years and then sold to the farmers. Mr. Kruger re¬ mained in the store business for about four years longer and then sold his in¬ terest in it to Adam A. Funk. In the same year Andrew Haggerty, a farmer, joined Mr. York, and Mr. Funk increased the stock and erected the building in which the business is now carried on under the style of E. N. York & Co. The concern handles a general line of merchandise, including dry goods, shoes, gro¬ ceries and men's and ladies' furnishings. In the fall of 1899 E. N. York was instrumental in organizing the Hammond State Bank, and served as its cashier and president, being still a director. His son Walter is now cashier. Mr. York also served as postmaster of Hammond for 26 years. He was for four years a member of the county board of commissioners, was treasurer of the town of Zumbro for 13 years, treasurer of Hammond Village nine years, school treasurer for many years, trustee of the village two years, and also a member of the school board. During his long and active public career he was never once defeated for a public office - a strong testimony to the confidence reposed in him by his fellow citizens, which is justified by his record. Both in his busi¬ ness and public career he has given the best that was in him to the matter at hand, never sparing himself when there was work to be done, and his efforts have had beneficial and permanent results. For all these things he is re¬ spected by his fellow citizens, while his social qualities have also made him personally popular. Edward N. York was married at Alma, Wis., in May, 1882, co Amelia Dodsall, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Michael Dodsall, the parents being natives of Germany. Of this marriage have been born nine children: Ella, now the wife of Alfred L. Schuchard, a farmer of Hyde Park Township; Walter E., cashier of the Hammond State Bank; Earl, a traveling salesman; Harry, em¬ ployed in his father's store, who enlisted in the infantry and served 17 months in France during the recent world war; Francis, a boy possessing musical talent, which he is cultivating; Herbert 0., who also enlisted for service in the recent war and was stationed in Tennessee ; Raymond, manager of the local telephone company; Ernest, who is in the confectionery business in Ham¬ mond, and Arleigh, who is residing at home.

Walter E. York, son of Edward N. and Amelia (Dosdall) York, was born in Hammond, Minn., March 22, 1886. His education was acquired in the village school and at Rochester Business College. He subsequently worked for four years in his father's store. After the organization of the Hammond State Bank, he entered it as bookkeeper, and so continued until January 12, 1909, when he was made assistant cashier. On January 14, 1919, he was elected cashier, which position he still holds. He was married June 19, 1913, to Bertha Caspari, whose parents were early settlers in Wabasha County. He and his wife are the parents of one child, Dallas.

Ralph E. Graves, now engaged in operating a feed mill at Elgin, was born at Whitewater Falls, Minn., April 14, 1886, son of Washington and Minnie

(Soreson) Graves. The father was a native of Vermont who came to Minne¬ sota in 1856 among the pioneers. He first settled near Lewiston, where he fol¬ lowed blacksmithing. Later he bought a farm in that locality, but subsequently sold it and removed to Whitewater Falls, where he bought another farm, resid¬ ing there for 23 years. He then removed to a farm south of Elba, Winona County, where he died in 1909. His wife, a native of Norway, whom he mar¬ ried in Winona, is now living at Elba. Their three children are all living, namely, Leonard S., a bank cashier; Edward, residing on a farm in Elgin Town¬ ship, and Ralph E., of Elgin. Ralph E. Graves in his boyhood attended school in Elba and worked on his parents' farm. He then entered the Elba mill, where he spent four years learning and mastering the milling business. In 1910 he came to Elgin and bought the old Elgin mill, which he operated for three years, at the end of that time erecting his present mill on the railroad, which he is now running as a feed mill, grinding grist for the farmers. The machinery is operated by a 20-horsepower oil engine, and Mr. Graves has named his mill the Elgin Feed Mill. He is the sole proprietor. He is thus launched on a promising enterprise and has the energy and ability to conduct it to a successful issue. Mr. Graves is a past master of the Masonic Blue Lodge No. 115 at Elgin.

Michael Costello, one of the pioneer settlers of Highland Township, was born in County Galway, Ireland, where he grew to manhood and was married to Bridget McDonough. In 1848 they came to the United States, settling first in Vermont, whence they removed to Ohio, and from the latter state to Virginia. In 1856 they arrived in Wabasha County, Minn., locating on 160 acres of land in Highland Township, which they later homesteaded. Two other tracts of land were subsequently purchased, one of 100 acres and one of 80 acres, the lat¬ ter of which, however, they sold, leaving their farm with an area of 260 acres. On this Mr. Costello began improvements, but he was not permitted to bring his labors to full fruition, as he died in 1879, 23 years after his arrival in this county. His wife died at the age of about 75 years in 1897. As one of the ad¬ vance guard in the march of civilization in this region, Mr. Costello played an important part, and when he passed away he left worthy descendants to con¬ tinue the work he had begun. He and his wife had in all 14 children, five of whom are still living, namely, Maria, wife of George Fox of Aberdeen, Wash.; Bridget, widow of John McNallan, and a resident of Glendive, Mont.; Daniel, a practicing physician, of Grand Rapids, Minn.; Martin J., residing in Wabasha, and John, a banker in Kellogg.

John Costello, banker and merchant, of Kellogg, is one of the live factors in the business world in Wabasha County, which he formerly served as a pub¬ lic official. He was born in Wheeling, W. Va. (then Virginia), in 1855, son of Michael and Bridget (McDonough) Costello. In the year after his birth his parents, who had come to this country from Ireland, joined the tide of west¬ ward emigration to Minnesota, settling on land in Highland Township, Wabasha County. There he was reared, acquiring his elementary education in the dis¬ trict school, and later attending college at Prairie dif Chien, Wis. He began industrial life by assisting his father to develop the home farm, and after his father's death in 1879, continued for some time in the same manner to help his mother. His mind, however, was set on a business career, and therefore, on a favorable opportunity, he came to Kellogg and entered the employ of J. A. Schonweiler as clerk in that merchant's store. Later, after acquiring some business experience, he went to Wabasha, where he engaged in the grocery and feed business on his own account. He thus made many acquaintances, upon whom he created so favorable an impression that it was no surprise to any¬ body when, in 1900, he was elected county treasurer. On the occurrence of that event he sold his business and for the next four years - the length of his incumbency - devoted his time to the affairs of his office. He then returned to Kellogg and, associating himself with C. C. McDonough and Peter Weimsch- kirsch, bought out J. A. Schonweiler and engaged in the general mercantile business. Later he and Mr. McDonough bought the interests of Mr. Weimschkirsch, and in 1905 the business was incorporated. Subsequently Mr. McDonough sold out and the concern has since been conducted as the John Costello Co., with John Costello as president, and is now numbered among the important and flourishing business houses of Kellogg. In 1905 C. C. Hirschey, Linn Whitmore and John Costello started a private bank m Kellogg, which was conducted as such for three years, in 1908 it became a state bank, with Mr Costello as cashier, which office he held until his son, John D., returned from the war in December, 1918, when the latter became csahier, John Costello taking the office of vice president, which he still retains. Mr. Costello was

(Brandseit) Hager. The parents were natives of Hanover, Germany, who came to the United States at an early date, settling in Glasgow Township, this county, where they engaged in farming. Both are now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Cos¬ tello have had two children, Margaret L. and John D., the former of whom came to a sad and tragic end. She was a school teacher in Rochester, and had just stepped off the sidewalk, being about to cross the street, when she was struck by an automobile driven by a Canadian, and killed. John D. Costello, now cashier of the State Bank of Kellogg, enlisted in the United States' service in August 1917, and was honorably discharged in December, 1918, his service having been in this country. Mr. Costello and his family are members of the Catholic church, and he belongs also to the Knights of Columbus, Modern Woodmen and Samaritans.

William A. Engel, proprietor of a confectionary business in Elgin, Minn., was born in Winona County, this state, January 28, 1878, son of Frederick and Johanna (Holst) Engel. The parents, natives of Germany, came to this coun¬ try when single, and were married at Fountain City, Wis. On settling in Wi¬ nona County, Minn., they took a farm on Oak Ridge, near Mt. Vernon. Fred¬ erick Engel died in 1895. His wife subsequently removed to Plainview, where she passed away in February, 1909. They had six children, one of whom, Ed¬ ward, died from influenza in 1918, a sister, Freda, having died in 1894. The living are: William A., of Elgin; Herman, who now owns the old home farm, having bought the interests of the other heirs; Henry, a resident of Stockton; and Minnie, who is the wife of Henry Ott, and lives on a farm near Plano, Ill. William A. Engel acquired his education in the district school and grew to man¬ hood on his parents' farm, on which he resided until 1906, when he removed to Plainview, Wabasha County, with his mother. After her death he worked in different places, spending three years in Rochester. Then in 1910 he came to Elgin and opened a grocery store in a building which he purchased, later add¬ ing general merchandise to his store. For awhile his brother Henry was in partnership with him. Subsequently he sold out to W. O. Frish and Harry Engel. The store is now known as the Farmers' Store and is operated by Frish & Oelkers. Mr. Engel also opened a confectionary store, which he took charge of after disposing of his general mercantile business, and which he is still conducting, handling, in addition to confectionary, ice cream, soda, candy, cigars and tobacco. He enjoys a good patronage and is numbered among the enterprising business men of the village.

Alfred C. Roberts, one of the leading merchants and business men of Ham¬ mond, was born in Plainview, Wabasha County, Minn., August 12, 1872, son of Dr. Francis H. and Helen (Perrine) Roberts. The parents, who were natives of Missouri, came to Wabasha County in the early sixties, settling in Plainview, where Dr. Francis H. Roberts for many years practiced his profession of phy¬ sician and surgeon, becoming one of the best known doctors in this part of the state. He was also one of the most popular, being a man whom every¬ body not only respected but loved, not merely for his skill, which, for his day, was of a high order, but for his cheerful, kindly and helpful disposition. He continued in active practice until five years before his death, which occurred March 7, 1909, and when he passed away there was deep sorrow throughout the community. Dr. and Mrs. Roberts were the parents of eight children, six of whom are now living: Carrie, Mafy, Alfred, Tenna, Frances and Edward. Car¬ rie is now the widow of Edward Woodruff and resides in Rochester, Minn.

is a telegraph operator residing in the State of Washington. Alfred C. Roberts was reared in his native township of Plainview, where he attended public school. For five years he followed farming, and then went into the creamery business, being employed as butter maker for 16 years. In 1901 he came to Hammond from Millville, and conducted the creamery here until 1908, at which time he opened a general store in Hammond under the style of A. C. Roberts Co. After conducting the business successfully until 1915, he sold it to the Farmers Co-operative Company, who retained him as manager. More recently the business has again come under his control, and he is now conducting it on his own account with profitable results. For several years he has served the village as trustee, and has proved himself an active factor in its development. His fraternal affiliations are with the Modern Woodmen. Mr. Roberts was mar¬ ried at Douglass, Minn., to Anna Kohn, daughter of William and Augusta Kohn. Her parents were born in Germany and emigrated to Minnesota, taking a farm in Olmsted County. Both are now living. Mr. and Mrs. Roberts have two children: William and Leonard, both of whom are living at home, William help¬ ing his father in the store and Leonard attending school.

Forest W. Dushek, one of the leading hardware men of southern Minnesota, located in Elgin Village, was born in Quincy Township, Olmsted County, this state, May 10, 1883, son of Perry and Lucy (Smith) Dushek. The father was a native of Austria, who came to America at the age of seven years, and to Plainview, Wabasha County, in 1865. For several years he broke land here with an ox-team. In 1873 he and his wife, the latter a native of this country, located in Olmsted County and engaged in farming, in Quincy Township, where they are still living. They are the parents of five children: Forest W., subject of this sketch; Mattie, now Mrs. Bert Hein; Harry, residing on the home farm in Olmsted County; Wealthy, wife of Gust Miller, of Olmsted County; Pearl, wife of Frank Muirhead, who is principal of the high school at Davenport, la. For¬ est W. Dushek was educated in the public school of Elgin. In 1906 he bought a farm of 400 acres, located in sections 19, 20 and 29, Elgin Township, and was there engaged in agricultural pursuits until 1910. He then sold the place and moved to Elgin Village, where he purchased a half interest in the hardware firm of Siem & Bartz, Mr. Siem retiring from the firm, the business for the next four years being conducted under the style of Bartz & Dushek. Mr. Dushek then purchased the interests of Mr. Bartz, and since then has been sole owner and proprietor of the business, which he has considerably developed, at present carrying about $16,000 worth of stock, including a full and complete line of shelf and heavy hardware. His store is modern and is fully equipped for han¬ dling an immense trade, the floor space amounting to 25 by 118 feet. His sales are on the increase and amount to a large sum annually. Mr. Dushek has won the reputation of an honest and upright business man. He is a good buyer, and energetic in all his dealings, prompt to ascertain the public demand and quick to supply it at prices comparing favorably with those in the large cities. He has recently erected the finest residence in the Village of Elgin, it being thoroughly modern in every respect. The house is large and spacious, measur¬ ing 30 by 36 feet. The main building has nine rooms, with a full set of closets. There is also a sleeping-porch, and large verandas, the inside finish being in quarter-sawed white oak. The residence is electrically lighted, and provided with hot water heat, and with a domestic ice plant. Mr. Dushek is a member of Elgin Lodge, No. 115, A. F. & A. M. He was married February 22, 1906, to Clara Lamprecht, of Plainview, who was born September 2, 1882, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Lamprecht. He and his ^ife are the parents of one child, Willa W., who is a student in the Elgin public school.

Albert Mielke, a respected citizen of the Village of Elgin, where for many years he has followed the occupation of stock buyer, also dealing in farm lands, was born in Germany, March 22, 1852, son of Fred and Anna Mielke. Both his parents are now deceased, the mother having passed away when Albert was seven years old, and the father in 1914. The subject of this sketch was edu¬ cated in his native land, where he remained until 1873. Then having attained his majority, he signalized his independence by sailing for America, locating first in Logansport, Ind., where for six months he was engaged in railroad work. But having some ambition, he was not content to be a wage earner, and rightly regarding the Northwest as a favorable field of opportunity, he set out for Wisconsin, worked there for about a month, and then came on to Minnesota. For two years thereafter he was engaged in farm work in Olmsted County, during which time by frugality he accumulated a little capital. Then he launched out into his present business of stock buyer - one that his father had followed in Germany, and of which, therefore, he knew something. For the first ten years he acted as buyer for Jake Risler, but since coming to Elgin, he has acted independently, buying for himself and shipping stock to the leading markets. When favorable opportunities presented, he has also bought and sold both farm lands and village property. His operations have been carried on with prosperous results, and he is now in good circumstances. Among his business interests are those of a stockholder in the State Bank of Elgin. Mr. Mielke forsook bachelor life some 54 years ago, when, on September 3, 1875, he was united in marriage with Paulina Radtke. She was born in Germany, January 21, 1856, daughter of Fred and Albertina (Hartwich) Radtke. Her father having died in Germany, the mother in 1873 married August Buhow, and in the following year Paulina came with them to the United States. Mr. and Mrs. Mielke have had nine children, of whom the following is a brief record: Anna, born September 12, 1876, is now the wife of George Krohns, of Chicago. Tillie, born April 10, 1879, died at the age of six years. Fred, born June 7, 1881, married Dena Spring and resides in Rochester, Minn. Amelia, born August 12, 1883, was the wife of Walter Biele, but died in April, 1914. Lizzie, born in March, 1884, died at the age of one year. Laura, born February 19, 1886, is the wife of Philip Karon, of Chicago. Hulda, born September 3, 1887, died when nine months old. Tina, born May 8, 1889, is the wife of Jacob Lewis, of Chicago. Mattie, born May 9, 1891, married William Hagner of Elgin, where she is now living. Violet, the youngest child, born August 5, 1894, is now engaged in teaching. Mr. Mielke and family are affiliated religiously with the Methodist Episcopal church.

Joseph Schmidt, one of the sturdy pioneers of Wabasha County who made a notable record in his day as a developer of wild land, was a native of Ger¬ many, where he grew up and was married. With his wife, Barbara, he came to Ameiica about 1846, locating first in Iowa, where a son, Louis, was born. Mr. Schmidt had learned the trade of cooper in Germany and followed it in Iowa until 1854. In 1856 he pre-empted 160 acres of wild land near what is now 1 heilman, in Wabasha County, and moved onto it with his family. The next eight years of his life was spent in developing that property, which he sold in 1864. He was evidently a man of enterprise, not afraid of hard tasks, for he next invested in 1,120 acres of grub land in Pepin Township, seven and a half miles southeast of Lake City. There he built a small frame house and began the work of clearing, a task which he kept up until, with the aid of his wife and children, he had grubbed and cleared over 500 acres and developed a fine faim. In the early seventies, moreover, he built on his property a sub¬ stantial stone house, consisting of a large upright and wing, and which is now occup V by his grandson, Fred Joseph Schrmdt. He also bought another tract of 160 acres adjoining the larger one, thus becoming the owner of 1,280 acres, and successfully carried on general farming. His work kept him too busy to engage in politics, but on election days he usually voted the Democratic ticket. His first wife, whose maiden name was Barbara Feister, died on the Thielmann farm, and he subsequently married Hannah Trother, of Reed's Landing. Of this second union there were no children, but of the first there were eight: Louis, Henry, Mary, Jacob, Lucinda, Joseph, John and Addie. All except Addie, who married John Kievel, of Fergus Falls, Minn., came to the Pepin Township farm and assisted to clear and develop it. Henry is no v a retired farmer residing in section 19, Pepin Township. John is farming in Pepin Township. Lucinda is the wife of Horace Borst, a farmer in the same township. Louis, Mary, Jacob and Joseph are now deceased. Mr. Schmidt died in 1902 or 1903, having previously sold his farm to his son, Henry. As a pioneer farmer and developer of land he had made a fine record. In religion he was a Catholic, as are all the members of his family.

Henry Schmidt, now living retired in section 29, Pepin Township, on a iarge farm which he did much to develop, was born in Wabasha village, October 15, 1855, son of Joseph and Barbara (Feister) Schmidt. The parents had set¬ tled in this county in the previous year, being among the first white settlers here. Henry spent the first 11 years of his life on their first farm, near Theillmann, and then accompanied them to the large tract of 1,120 acres in Pepin township which the father bought, subsequently purchasing 160 acres more. He helped the other members of the family to clear and develop 500 acres of this tract into an excellent farm, and has always remained on the homestead, which he finally purchased from his father, beginning independent farming in 1879 or 1880. At that time he built a small frame house, which is the wing of the present residence, and for three years lived a bachelor life. On July 23, 1883, he married Mary Gludt, daughter of John and Annie Gludt of Lake City. She was born in Iowa, August 26, 1863, and came with her parents to Reed's Landing, Wabasha County, Minn., when two years old, in 1873 moving with them to Lake City, where her father engaged in the hotel business. Mr. Schmidt followed agricultural pursuits for 33 years on the same farm, and had a suc¬ cessful career. His early education was limited, but in his boyhood he ac¬ quired those habits of industry which were responsible for his success, at an early age driving the oxen which pulled the breaking plow for many days, weeks and months; also sometimes driving the ox team hitched to the oldfashioned two-wheeled cart which creaked so as to be heard a mile away. In later years he supplied himself with good modern machinery and equipment, adopting all improved methods of agriculture as fast as they were introduced. In 1916 he retired from active work, leasing the farm to his six sons. It is well stocked with a good grade of horses, cattle and swine, and has three sets of buildings. The situation on the table-land commands a fine view of the Mississippi river. L: J< ..ns«n bluffs. Mr. and Mrs. Schmidt have had a family of nine children: Harry Leroy, born July 5, 1884; Ethel May, September 10, 1885; Gertrude Frances, July 25, 1887; Fred Joseph, August 27, 1889; Clarence William, June 28, 1891; Arthur Louis, July 25, 1893; Irene Mary, November 27, 1895; George Allan, February 28, 1898; and Edward Albert, May 18, 1900. Harry Leroy, now residing on a part of the home farm, was married October 3, 1912, to Augusta, daughter of George and Augusta Kuhfus, of West Albany Township, and has three children: Florence Augusta, born August 10, 1913; William Leroy, born November 4, 1916, and Mildred Marie, born August 27, 1918. Ethel May is the wife of Jacob Meyers, a farmer of Pepin Township. Gertrude Frances died October 8, 1888; Fred Joseph, who lives in the old stone house built by his grandfather, and works 200 acres of the home farm, was married February 22, 1915, to Della, daughter of Frank and Lena Meyers, of Wabasha City. He has one child, James Frederick, born

January 28, 1917. Clarence William is residing on the home farm. Arthur Louis was one of the young men who served their country in the recent war. He was drafted August 6, 1918, and left Lake City for Jefferson Barracks, at St. Louis, Mo., remained there one week, and was then sent to Camp McArthur, Waco, Texas. He left there September 16 for Camp Merritt, N. J., and on Sep¬ tember 23 sailed on the S. S. Gen. Grant for France, landing at St. Nazaire October 7; was assigned to the 116th Ammunition Train, and transferred to the 5th Division, known as the "Red Diamond." He saw service on the Meuse and at Luxemberg in that division until July 8, 1919; sailed from Brest for the United States on the S. S. Zelander, landing at Brooklyn, N. Y., July 31, 1919, and was discharged at Camp Dodge, arriving home August 12, 1919. While abroad he was in Germany, Luxemberg, France, Belgium, Italy and the Alps country. He assisted in the burial at sea of 200 victims of the "flu," and was himself seriously ill from the same disease on the return voyage. Irene May, George Allan and Edward Albert, the three youngest children, are residing on the home farm. The family are members of St. Mary's parish, Lake City, Mr. Schmidt being a liberal supporter of the church.

Gustave Benike, now living retired in the village of Elgin, is a man with a good record as agriculturist and citizen. He was born in the province of Bran¬ denburg, Germany, November 12, 1834, son of Ludwig and Anna (Draekarnt) Benike, who were natives of the same province. The year 1853 saw him on his way to America, and on his arrival in this country he located first in Mar¬ quette County, Wis., where he found employment at farm labor. In 1865 he came to Olmsted County, Minn., and bought 160 acres of partly wild land in section 23, Farmington Township. The task of developing it into a good farm was a long one, but Mr. Benike was the man to handle it, and he erected build¬ ings, cultivated the soil, and added to his land area until he had 480 acres. There he farmed successfully until 1903, when he retired. Since then he has resided in Elgin, except for a brief period of two years during which he lived in Plainview. He is now living with his son William. Mr. Benike was married June 29, 1859, to Pauline Stresey, and in 1909 they celebrated their Golden Wedding. In the following year of 1910 she passed away, leaving behind the memory of a woman who had been faithful in all the duties of life.. Mr. and Mrs. Benike were the parents of ten children, two of whom died in infancy. The others were. Tillie, now Mrs. Aug'ust Stephen, of Plainview; Albert, a farmer in Olmsted County; William H., of Elgin; Bertha, now Mrs. Julius Stephen, and a i esident of Bradley, S. D.; Emil, a resident of Owatonna, engaged in buying hides on the road; Edward, deceased; Louisa, who married Edward Hampel and

William H. Benike, proprietor of the Commercial Hotel, at Elgin, is a man whose business career has been marked by energy and perseverance, and who seems to have found the right groove for the development of his native enter¬ prise in the position he now occupies. He was born in Marquette County, Wis., October 24, 1863, son of Gustave and Pauline (Stresey) Benike. In 1865 he was brought to Olmsted County by his parents, who located in Farmington Township, and there he attended district school. Until he was 25 years old he remained on his paients farm, acquiring a practical knowledge of agriculture. Then he started farming on his own account, buying an 80-acre farm in Farm¬ ington Township which had but poor and limited improvements. He rebuilt the house, erected barns and outbuildings, and by the purchase of 80 additional acres, doubled its area. After seven years on the place, crowded with work but crowned with success, he sold it and went to Potsdam, a village in the same township, where for 18 years he conducted a hotel and saloon. At the end of that time he sold out and moved to Elgin Village, where in 1911 he built his first residence, and sold it to Ferd. Hample; one year after he built another and sold to Henry Werner. During the next five years he traveled through Minne- sota, Wisconsin, North and South Dakota and Montana, conducting a merry-goround, for one year of this time being with the T. I. Cash Carnival Co. Then returning to Elgin, he built the Commercial Hotel, of which he has since been proprietor. It is one of the best little hotels in southeastern Minnesota, built of brick and tile, with full basement, and provided with a large and pleasant office, lighted through two large plate glass windows on the side of the main street, one window light measuring 9 by 10 feet, and the other 9 by 11 feet. The office is neatly finished with oak fixtures, and furnished with swivel chairs, comfortable to the tired traveling man. The hotel contains 14 rooms upstairs, neat, clean and sanitary, with bath and toilet on the upstairs floor. The best commercial rooms are furnished with hot and cold running water, are all heated and are always warm and comfortable. In fact, everything is homelike from the basement to the garret, while Mr. and Mrs. Benike are sociable and ac¬ commodating in every way. The hotel is noted for its hospitality and its "good eats." While living in Farmington Township, Mr. Benike served on the town board and was constable at Potsdam for seven years. Mr. Benike was mar¬ ried, December 6, 1888, to Ida C. Reinke, who was born in Elgin Township, August 30, 1868, daughter of Charles and Augusta (Breise) Reinke. He and his wife are the parents of five children: Theodore, born November 8, 1890; Oscar, October 28, 1891; Alvin, April 11, 1896; Violet, June 12, 1901, and Leonard, December 28, 1907. Theodore, who resides in Minneapolis, married Lydia Dunbar of Isanti County, Minn. Oscar, who is now a carpenter in Rochester, Minn., married Helen Reiter of Wabasha County, and has one child, Margaret. Alvin is a carpenter and joiner. Violet is the wife of Earl Lehnertz of Plainview, Minn., and lives in Milwaukee. Leonard is residing at home with his parents. The family are members of the Lutheran church.

George W. Baker, manager of the Bottsford lumberyard at Elgin, was born at Blue Earth, Minn., August 15, 1888, son of Fremont and Rhoda (Robinson) Baker. The father was a mason by trade, came to Minnesota from Indiana about 1858, the time when Minnesota became a state. After following his trade for a number of years, he engaged in farming in Martin County, and is now in the same line of occupation at Pine City, Pine County. He and his wife, who is still living, have been the parents of six children, three sons and three daughters: William H., residing at Pine City; Hazel, who married Sam Warner and lives in Minneapolis; Mona, wife of Fred Warner, residing on a farm; Mamie, wife of Will Schubert, living on a farm at Moneta, la.; Gordon L., of Pine City, and George W. of Elgin. George W. Baker acquired his ele¬ mentary education in the district school and was graduated in 1907 from Sherburn high school. He worked on his parents' farm and also taught three terms of district school, after which he took a commercial course in a business college at Mankato, Minn. In 1911 he entered the employ of the Bottsford Lumber Company, and for three months was stationed at Jackson, Minn. After that he spent nine months in the company's yard at Wauseca. then four and a half years at Rochester, then a year at Sherburn as manager, coming to Elgin in the same capacity January 22, 1919. Mr. Baker saw service in the world war, enlisting in the Signal Corps of the United States army at Sherburn, and serv¬ ing eleven months in the West, being located at Vancouver Barracks. He re¬ ceived an honorable discharge December 29, 1919, shortly before he came to Elgin. He is a member and vice president of Post No. 179 of the American Legion, which has about 200 members. He also belongs to the Masonic order and the Odd Fellows.

Frank and John Howe, who are engaged in the implement business and other lines of industry in Kellogg, were born in Glasgow Township, this county, sons of Jacob and Katherine Howe. The father, a native of Germany, came to Wabasha County, Minn., at an early day with his parents, being only four years old at the time. He has since resided in Glasgow and Highland townships, and is now well to do. He and his wife Katherine, who was born in Highland

Township, were married in this county. They have had six children, Frank, John, Andrew, Matilda, Ed and Apolona, all of whom are now living. Ed en¬ listed in the United States' service and took part in the world war, serving eight months in France in the Second Headquarters Division. Andrew also enlisted, his service, however, being in this country. Frank and John Howe, the direct subjects of this sketch, were reared on their parents' farm and worked on it till May, 1918, when they came to Kellogg and engaged in the implement busi¬ ness, handling everything in the lines of machinery, wagons and buggies. They also operate a well driller, and have done saw mill work for John Dietz of Cameron Dam fame. They own the property which they now occupy, and with their father are also the owners of 1,000 acres of land in Wabasha County. Their business is prospering and they enjoy an increasing trade. Both were educated in the district schools and are members of the Woodmen's lodge. In religion they are Catholics.

Diedrich Fitschen, one of the self-made men of Wabasha County, proprietor of a fine 235-acre farm in Mt. Pleasant Township, was born in Hanover, Ger¬ many, November 18, 1868, son of Fredrick and Anna (Rigger) Fitschen. He had a somewhat limited education in his native land, where he remained until 1885, when he came to the United States, and directly to Wabasha County, Minn. For nine years he worked as a farm hand in Wabasha and Goodhue Counties, practicing economy and saving his money with an eye to the future. At the time he was ready to start in for himself he chose a life partner in the person of Anne Marie Mojen, daughter of Christopher and Engel Mojen, who had come with her parents from Hanover, Germany, in 1891; and at the'same time he rented the Moren farm in Lake Township. There he and his family re¬ mained for five years, and then in the fall of 1897 Mr. Fitschen bought 160 acres in Gilbert \ alley, section 3, Mt. Pleasant Township, five miles west of Lake City, the same being the farm on which he now resides. He has, howevei, inci eased its size, by an additional purchase of adjoining land, to 235 acres, and as the soil is rich it is a fine agricultural property. Mr. Fitchen has improved it by the erection of new buildings, including a comfortable, eightroom, two-story house; a barn 36 by 60 by 16 feet, with full stone basement of eight feet; a granary, machine shed, two double corn cribs, poultry house, and a steel windmill. He has 90 acres under the plow, the rest of the land being in pastuie and timber, and his tools and equipment are fully adequate to all pur¬ poses Of modern farming, which Mr. Fitschen follows in its various branches. He is improving his Shorthorn cattle and Chester-White swine by the use of full-blooded sires, and achieving good results, with a resultant prosperity that marks him as one of the successful men of his township. As he began with nothing this success is the more to his credit. Politically he is a Republican, and has served as clerk of the school board of District No. 8 for 20 years Mr and Mrs Fitschen are the parents of five children: Emma Catherine, born No- \embei 15, 1893, who is residing on the home farm; Anna Catherine, born December 12, 1895, now the wife of John Hinck of Mt. Pleasant Township; Fred¬ erick William born October 24, 1898, who is assisting his father to operate the ion«e fa/m; Mmme Matilda, born June 23, 1901, and Freda Meta, born June 23, 1908, who are residing at home. The family are members of St. John's congre¬ gation at Lake City.

rlOn/^h^vKKatlng'r-0ne .0f ^he earliest settlers in Watopa Township, and a resi- > '\abaaShaxjC0Unty f°r 46 years' but now deceased, was born in County in ul'Jt JTr He ,em'?rated to America when a young man, and was married in Haitford, Conn., to Margaret Twomey. After a residence of some time in Hartford, they came to Y\ abasha County, Minnesota, in 1856, settling on 80 acres of land in Watopa Township, which they later homesteaded, also buying another 80 acres adjoining. On that farm John Keating spent the rest of his life which came to an end on October 4, 1902. He had made a good record as an' industucus and useful citizen, and had served as supervisor and in other town offices.

Diedrich Fitschen And Family

His widow remained on the farm until 1905, when she took up her residence in Kellogg, where she passed away July 1, 1915. They had seven children: James, Thomas, Margaret, Kate, John, William and Mary. James, who served as school superintendent, and was for some time editor of the Wabasha Herald, died in 1916. The others are still living, and the old homestead is still owned in the family. *

John R. Keating, a well known and prosperous merchant of Kellogg, where he is engaged in the implement business, was born in Watopa Township, this county, September 28, 1872, son of John and Margaret Keating. The scene of his birth was the pioneer home of his parents, who had settled in the township as early as 1856. Before he appeared to play his part on this earthly stage, dis¬ trict schools had been established, and his attempts to master "the three R's" were made in that belonging to District No. 34, where he acquired enough scholastic knowledge for the ordinary purposes of life. Much of that life has been spent in the important industry of agriculture, as he resided and worked on the home farm until 1909, when he came to this village, having been ap¬ pointed boiler inspector by Governor Johnson, a position in which he served four years. At the end of that period he engaged in his present business, han¬ dling all kinds of farm implements, also wagons and buggies, in which line of industry he has built up a good trade. He has also had experience as a pub¬ lic official, as he was chairman of the Watopa town board for eight yers, and justice of the peace in Kellogg two years. He is a member of the Catholic church, and a citizen of high business and personal reputation.

Jacob Howe, a leading farmer, extensive land owner and public official of Highland Township, was born in Germany, January 16, 1857, son of John and Susan (Leisen) Howe. The parents were natives of Germany, where they were married. On coming to the United States in 1857 they settled first in Iowa, in which state they remained four years. At the end of that time they came to Wabasha County, Minn., taking a homestead of 160 acres in Glasgow Township. The land was wild and covered with timber, and as there were no buildings John Howe's first task was to build a log house. That accomplished, he en¬ tered upon the work of clearing his land, in which he was aided by his wife and sons, and which he kept up until his death in 1873. After that Mrs. Howe and her sons continued the work together until her death in 1880. The farm then came into possession of the son Jacob, who has since remained the owner. With untiring industry and enterprise, he has continued to make improve¬ ments, and has increased his landed possessions by successive purchases, until he now owns over 900 acres, two-thirds of which is tillable, the rest being in timber and pasture. Of the tillable land he farms 100 acres, the rest being rented and seeded down. Mr. Howe carries on general farming, including stock raising and dairying, keeping from 25 to 30 cattle. He also has a herd of fifty or more sheep and some swine of mixed breeds. In 1894 he moved to section 2, Highland, and erected his present frame residence of eleven rooms, which is electrically lighted, and the kitchen provided with running water. He has two good barns, one for horses and the other for cattle and hogs, and both these and the other outbuildings are substantial structures in good condition. Aside from his direct farming interests, he is a stockholder in the local telephone company and in the Kellogg co-operative store. Though a busy man, Mr. Howe has devoted some part of his time to the public service. For 30 years he has been school clerk of his district, and for several years town clerk and justice of the peace, and is a man who enjoys the respect and esteem of his fellow citizens. Mr. Howe was united in marriage February 10, 1879, with Catherine Shouweiler, daughter of Frank and Eva (Lehnertz) Shouweiler. Her parents were natives of Germany, the father born in Lumenburg and the mother in Prussia. They came to the United States in 1857, settling on a farm in Highland Township, this county, and for the remainder of their lives were engaged in agriculture. Both are now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Howe are the parents of six children: Frank, a resident of Kellogg; John, also residing in Kellogg, where he is engaged in the implement business; Matilda, wife of Bartley Schouweiler, of Highland Township; Andrew M., who is engaged in a printing and electrical supply business in Kellogg; Edward P., who is assist¬ ing his father on the home farm; and Appolonia C., also residing at home with her parents. In the family of John and Susan Howe, the parents of Jacob, there were seven children - five sons and two daughters - and five of these children are now living, namely: George, a resident of Wabasha; Elizabeth, who is the widow of Peter Schilling, of Plainview; Peter, president of the State Bank of Kellogg; John, of WTaudena, Minn.; and Jacob, the subject of this sketch. The two deceased are Mary, who was the wife of John Plein, of Watopa, and Mathias.

Andrew C. McDonough, a well known farmer and stock raiser of Highland Township, is a native of this county and comes of pioneer ancestry, having been born in Highland Township, February 24, 1865, son of Patrick and Julia (Lydon) McDonough. The parents were natives of Ireland, where they grew up and were married. They came to the United States in the fall of 1848 and resided successively in several eastern states, Patrick McDonough being en¬ gaged in railroad construction wrork. In 1854 they set out for St. Paul, Minn., making a part of their journey up the Mississippi river on a steamboat, which was unable to pass through Lake Pepin on account of ice, and the McDonoughs, therefore, disembarked at Read's Landing, and took land in Cook's Valley, at the locality now known as McDonough's Springs, Highland Township. The history of their pioneer experiences is told elsewhere in this volume. They were the parents of twelve children, seven of whom are now living. Andrew C. McDonough wras reared on his parents' farm and acquired his education in district school No. 37. He worked on the home farm until 1890, the year of his marriage, and then for two years was engaged in farming on his father-inlaw's place. Afterwards he returned to the home farm, which his father gave him before he died, and he now has 140 acres, of which he himself purchased forty acres. He is carrying on general farming operations, raising cattle, hogs and sheep. Of the sheep, which are of the Shropshire breed, he keeps from 50 to 100. Mr. McDonough has taken an active part as a citizen, has been clerk of his school district for ten years and served three years as town assessor. He is a Catholic in religion, belonging to Conception parish, and is also a member of the Equitable Fraternal Union, the Ancient Order of Hiberni¬ ans and the Knights of Columbus. On October 21, 1890, Mr. McDonough was united in marriage with Mary Bricher, daughter of John and Mary (Schiertz) Bricher, their union being solemnized in Conception Catholic church. Her lather was born in Luxemburg and her mother in Minnesota. Their occupation was that of farming. Their family numbered ten children, five sons and five daughters, all of whom are living, namely: Eliza, wife of J. N. Klein, of Kellogg; Susan, who married Thomas Lydon and is now a widow; Anna, widow ot C. C. Lydon; Katherine, who married John Schneider, of Pasadena, Calif.; Joseph, of Cottage Grove, Ore.; John D., who is with the Lydon-Bricher Manulacturing Co. of St. Paul; Christ C., residing in the same city; Nicholas, cashier in the State Bank of Theilman; and Mary, wife of Andrew C. McDonough. Mr. and Mrs. McDonough have six children, all living: Alfred, of Theilman, and Viola, Eugene, Myrtle, Marion and Lloyd, residing at home.

Thomas E. McDonough, who is engaged in agricultural operations in Highland Township, residing in section 11, was born at McDonough Spring, in C ook's Valley, this township, December 30, 1860, son of Patrick and Julia (Lydon) McDonough. The parents were pioneers of this county whose history is elsewhere narrated. Thomas E. wTas brought up on the home farm and in his boyhood attended district school No. 37. He remained at home working on the farm until 27 years old, at which time he began farming for himself on 80 acres in section 11, Highland, which he had received from his father in payment for services on the home farm. This land was mostly covered with timber, which he cleared, also erecting the buildings. The farm now contains 120 acres, with 65 under cultivation, the rest being in pasture and timber. Mr. McDonough carries on diversified farming, including stock raising and dairying. He is doing a prosperous business, due to his energy and practical knowledge of agriculture in all its branches. In religion he is a Catholic, and fraternally a member of the Woodmen and the Ancient Order of Hibernians. Mr. McDonough was married in 1898 at Wabasha to Margaret Keating, daugh¬ ter of John and Margaret (Thoma) Keating. Her parents, natives of Ireland, came to the United States in 1858, and later to Wabasha County, Minnesota, settling on a farm on Snake Creek in Watopa Township, where they made their home until they died. The had seven children, John, William, Kate, Mary, James, Thomas E. and Margaret, all of whom are now living but James. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas E. McDonough have had four children, of whom three are now living, Joseph, Delbert and Lester, who resides on the home farm. Their other child died in infancy.

Patrick McDonough, a notable pioneer of Wabasha County, who settled in Highland Township among the earliest arrivals, was born in Galway, Ireland, about the year 1817, and died on his farm in that township in 1917, having rounded out a century of existence. His early years were spent in his native land, where he grew up and married Julia Lydon. In the fall of 1848 they sailed for the United States, landing at New York November 1. For about six years after arriving in this country Mr. McDonough was engaged in railroad construction work for the Baltimore & Ohio and Pittsburgh & Wheeling rail¬ roads, residing successively in Vermont, Ohio and West Virginia, the last men¬ tioned state then being a part of Virginia. In 1854 Mr. McDonough and his family joined the tide of emigration to Minnesota, and on reaching the Mis¬ sissippi took a steamboat bound up the river, intending to go to St. Paul, but when they got as far as Reed's Landing it was found that Lake Pepin was blocked with ice and navigation closed, so they made a virtue of necessity and landed. After examining the prospect and hearing reports of the surrounding country, Mr. McDonough located as a squatter on a tract of land in Cook's Valley, Highland Township, at what is now known as McDonough's Springs. Minnesota was then a territory, but in 1858 it became a state, and a few years later he homesteaded his property, obtaining a legal title. Subsequently he bought more land until he had 400 acres. The first dwelling of himself and famjly was a small log structure, which at one time was* occupied by four or five Irish families who had come from Galway and settled in the township, which was then a wilderness with few white inhabitants. Indians were nu¬ merous, but were friendly, and never gave the McDonoughs any trouble, though for a few years there was some timidity in regard to them, especially among the women, but with the increase of white settlers this feeling passed away. When Mr. McDonough squatted on his claim, so far as he knew there was no other white man or family to the west of him. Neither were there any roads or bridges, and the streams had to be forded. He was advised never to cross the Zumbro, as the land to the west would never be civilized, but he did cross and was not molested by the Indians. Though he had some money, most of the necessities of life were hard to get, as there were no stores nearer than Wabasha, twelve miles away. There he and his wife did their trading, Mrs. McDonough carrying eggs to market in a basket, and he bringing home bags of flour and groceries on his back. These expeditions were long, hard and tire¬ some tramps, but they belonged to the life of the pioneer and could not be evaded. Moreover they furnished some relief to the monotony of the daily routine of grubbing and breaking land, and at Wabasha an occasional steam¬ boat was seen, and new arrivals greeted and given free advice. At one time Mr. McDonough was offered the entire townsite of Lake City for $400, but he declined the offer, as he thought the land contained too much sand. His entire life, after coming to this county, was spent on the farm on which he first set¬ tled, and he kept improving it, with the aid of his sons, as long as his years permitted him to labor. After his retirement he enjoyed a well earned leisure in the society of his children, and of his faithful and loving wife until her death at the age of 85 years in 1909. He had performed a worthy part as one of the builders of Wabasha County, and as such will long be remembered. Mr. and Mrs. Patrick McDonough were the parents of twelve children: Patrick, John, Bridget, Bartley, Daniel, Maria, Anna, Thomas, Coleman C., Andrew, Julia and James. James died in infancy, and Patrick, Bridget, Maria and Anna are also deceased. John and Coleman C. are residents of Kellogg; Bart¬ ley resides in the state of Washington; Daniel in Alberta, Canada; Thomas and Andrew in Highland Township, this county; and Julia is the wife of Wil¬ liam Keating, of Lodora, Idaho.

Coleman C. McDonough, a well known and popular merchant of Kellogg, where he is engaged in the produce business, and who in former years rendered efficient service in public office, was born on the pioneer farm of his parents, in the town of Highland, this county, December 14, 1863, son of Patrick and Julia (Lydon) McDonough. He acquired his elementary education in the district school, after one had been established in his neighborhood, and subsequently attended the State Normal School at Winona, from which he received a teach¬ er's certificate. Thus equipped and authorized, he followed the occupation of teacher in district schools for about five years. After that he became book¬ keeper for the Wabasha Lumber Company, remaining in their employ for four years. During this time he had become well known and acquired such popu¬ larity that in 1896 he was elected registrar of deeds for the county, and held that position four years, and from 1902 to 1906 he served as county commis¬ sioner. In 1893 Mr. McDonough engaged in the general mercantile business with John Costello, under the firm name of John Costello & Co., but in 1909 sold out his interest and engaged in the lumber business, but within a year he sold out his interest in that also and entered the employ of the International Har¬ vester Company, with which concern he continued until 1912. He then entered into the produce business, and for the last five years has been manager* for the R. E. Jones Company, dealers in grain and produce, a position in which he has shown good business capacity and enterprise. He is a member of the C atholic church and of the Ancient Order of Hibernians, and is respected as a useful citizen of proved Americanism. Mr. McDonough was married, in Highland Township, October 10, 1893, to Mary A. McNallan, daughter of James and Margaret McNallan. Her parents, who were born in Ireland, are both now deceased. Eight children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. McDonough, lour sons and four daughters, namely: Elmer, Leo, Margaret, Agnes, Francis, Helen, Lorette and Dominick. All are living except Elmer, who gave his life foi his country in the recent war v/ith Germany. He enlisted in August, 1917, as a member of the 151st Regiment, and was one of the first men in this state to leave for France, where he got into action in February, 1918, and was killed in battle on the Toul sector, March 6. His brother Leo also fought in the wai, seiving 18 months with the 318th Engineers in the Argonne and at Sedan and \ erdun, being discharged with the rank of corporal in June, 1919 Thus two of Mr. McDonough's sons have helped to make world history/showing that patriotic devotion which has made this country great and strong. Of him who tell a tender memory will forever remain in the hearts of his friends.

Stephen Appel, one of the early settlers and developers of Highland Town¬ ship, now passed away, was born in Germany and came to this country with ms mother when twelve years old, settling in Pennsylvania. In 1859, as a young man, he came to Wabasha County, Minnesota, after reaching La Crosse \\ is., making the journey on foot to Wabasha County. Here he homesteaded acres o and in section 9, Highland Township, the tract being partly prairie and partly timber land, and without improvements. The Indians were quite numerous in the vicinity, but gave him no trouble. He met with one early discouragement, however, after building his first residence, a small oneroom house. He was baking bread one day, when the house caught fire and burned down, all the money he had, about $15, being consumed in the flames. He replaced the building with a larger house, which now forms a part of the present residence, occupied by his son, Frank J. The rest of his life was spent on the farm, where he followed general farming ,and he died in 1914. In the seventies he bought what was known as the Watkins Mill, which he operated as a grist mill for many years, it becoming known as the Appel Mill. He was a public spirited citizen of his township, serving as a member and clerk of the board of supervisors, and as a member of the school board. He was an advo¬ cate of good roads and of everything else calculated to benefit the community in which he lived. Mr. Appel married Elizabeth Hillenbrandt, who also was a native of Germany, their marriage being celebrated in Wabasha village. They spent fifty years of happy wedded life together and in 1913 celebrated their golden wedding. Mrs. Elizabeth Appel survived her husband about six years, dying in 1920. Of their family of eleven children, eight are now living: Katie, wife of John McMillin, of Theilman; John A., a farmer in Plainview Township; William, who is now in San Francisco; Edward and August, who reside at Metaline Falls, Washington; Ida, wife of Arthur Melzner; Amanda, residing at Butte, Mont., and Frank J., the present proprietor of the old homestead in Highland Township. Of the three children deceased, Louis died when a baby, Stephen, Jr., died of influenza in 1919, and Elizabeth, who married Gordon Campbell, of the state of Washington, died in 1919. All are buried in the fam¬ ily lot in Conception Cemetery.

Frank J. Appel, a well known and prosperous farmer of Highland Town¬ ship, proprietor of the old Appel farm established by his parents at an early date in the history of this county, was born on this farm, located in section 9, November 7, 1874, son of Stephen and Elizabeth (Hillenbrandt) Appel. He has always resided on the homestead and in his boyhood attended the local school. Subsequently he took a course in the agricultural department of Min¬ nesota University. For a number of years he was engaged in assisting his father, both on the farm and in the latter's grist mill. After the father's death he bought the homestead, where he is profitably carrying on general farming and stock raising. Active as a citizen, he has been town clerk of Highland for seventeen years, and a member of the school board for some years. He has also served eight years as secretary of the Plainview Farmers' Mutual Fire Insurance Co., and was formerly president of the Plainview Telephone Co. Fraternally he belongs to the Knights of Columbus, the Woodmen and the Equitable Fraternal Union, also to the Greenwood Prairie Old Settlers' Associa¬ tion. Mr. Appel was married at Quincy, Ill., October 28, 1903, to Margaret King, daughter of Thomas and Ellen (Smyth) King, the parents being natives of Ireland who came early to the United States, settling in Quincy, Ill., where they spent the rest of their lives. They had seven children, five of whom grew to maturity. Mr. and Mrs. Appel are the parents of three children: Frances M., Elizabeth M. D., and Lawrence L., all living at home, and the daughters attending the high school at Wabasha. Mr. Appel and his family are members of the Catholic church.

Henry T. Fuller, a prominent representative of the agricultural industry in Watopa Township, was born in Mankato, Minn., June 17, 1855, son of Tim¬ othy and Josephine (Cratt) Fuller. The father was a native of New Hamp¬ shire who came west in 1852, settling in Wabasha County, Minnesota, where he worked for the government, running a store at Traverse De Sue for two years, and afterwards conducting one for himself. Finally selling out in that place, he returned to Wabasha village, where he operated a store and saloon until 1860, when he again sold out. After that he was employed at the car¬ penter's trade until 1896, when his activities were brought to a close by his breaking his hip. He died in Wabasha in 1901, having then been a widower for 24 years. He and his wife had eight children, Henry T., Frank B., Lenora T., Martha, Dave, Mary, Charles and Rebecca. Lenora and Martha are de¬ ceased. Henry T. Fuller was educated in the district school. He remained at home until the death of his mother in 1877, and then helped his father, working at the carpenter's trade. After that he operated a rented farm for seven years, in West Albany Township, and at the end of that period bought his present farm of 280 acres in sections 10, 15, 16 and 17, Watopa Township, on which he is profitably engaged in general farming and stock raising. His improve¬ ments on the place include the erection of a barn 42 by 56 feet, besides repair¬ ing the other buildings and fencing. He is a member of the Episcopal church. On February 13, 1883, Mr. Fuller was united in marriage with Matilda Burns, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Burns. Her parents were natives of Germany who came to the United States in 1853, settling in the town of Zumbro, this county, where they farmed for a number of years. Later for 25 years they conducted a hotel in Millville. Mr. Burns died May 16, 1918, and Mrs. Burns August 17, 1905. Their children, five in number, were John, Emma, Matilda, Minnie and Clara. Mr. and Mrs. Fuller have been the parents of eleven chil¬ dren, who were born as follows: John H., May 8, 1884; Josephine S., April 10, 1886; Harry H., September 29, 1888; Elmer C., October 17, 1890; Ervin M.> November 8, 1892; Mary C., December 5, 1894; Dave T., September 30, 1896; Lenora M., May 26, 1900; William E., December 20, 1903; Ethel B., August 17, 1907; and Viola G., July 12, 1908. Josephine S. is now the wife of Harry Maginnis., Harry H. was drafted for service in the war with Germany, Sep¬ tember 19, 1917, on the first draft, and became a member of the 464th En¬ gineers' Pontoon Train. He sailed for France August 9, 1918, and died from accident, February 7, 1919, being buried in France. Mary C. is the wife of George Kleiber. Dave F. was drafted for war service June 24, 1918, but failed to pass the physical examination at Camp Grant. Lenora M. is now Mrs. Ber¬ nard Sheehan.

Henry Peter Juers, a successful and well known farmer of Mt. Pleasant Township, whose farm and residence is located in section 29, was born on this same farm, December 23, 1883, son of Peter and Catherine Juers. His parents, who came from Germany, were early settlers in this locality. He acquired his elementary education in the district school, and during the winter of 1902-3 attended the Lake City Business College. He then entered the employ of Kemp & Roschen, general merchants of Lake City, and was with them until 1912. Then returning to the home farm, he took up its operation and has since made good progress as a general farmer, working hard and having the satisfac¬ tion of seeing his bank account grow from year to year. The farm contains 240 acres, 210 acres of the land, which is very fertile, being under cultivation. It also possesses a fine set of buildings, the house being a substantial frame structure of two stories, and in addition to his operating equipment Mr. Juers owns a fine Cleveland touring car. His cattle are of the Shorthorn breed, the herd numbering from 30 to 35 head, and he milks on an average of nine cows. He has also a good herd of 25 to 30 swine. Aside from his interests in the farm, he is a stockholder in the Oak Center Creamery, the Farmers' Elevator at Lake City, the Farmers' Terminal Packing Co. of St. Paul, and the Goodhue County Co-operative stores. He is also a member of the Lake City Shipping Association. On September 4, 1906, Mr. Juers was united in marriage with Anna M., daughtei of Da\id and Anna (Thomford) Holzworth, of Brownsville, Houston County, Minn. He and his wife have one child, Elmer Peter, who was born November 28, 1907, and is now helping his father on the farm. The fam¬ ily are members of the Lutheran congregation at Belvidere, Goodhue County. Politically Mi . Juers is a Republican, though of broad tendencies, as he exer¬ cises his right to cast his vote for the best man, regardless of party.

Daniel B. Lvdon, the popular postmaster at Kellogg, which position he has occupied for the last five years, was born in Highland Township, Wabasha

County, Minn., March 9, 1859, son of Coleman and Honora (McDonough) Lydon. The parents were natives of Galway, Ireland, and were married at Hast¬ ings, Minn., Coleman Lydon having come to this country with other immigrants and settlers in Wabasha County, including the McDonoughs and Costellos. After their marriage he and his wife engaged in farming in Highland Town¬ ship, this county, but subsequently homesteaded a quarter section in Watopa Township, where they farmed for many years. Their last years they spent in Kellogg, where Coleman Lydon died in 1904, and his wife in 1907. They had twelve children: Mary, Daniel B., Bartley, Patrick, Coleman, Nora, Mary (sec¬ ond), Bartley (second), Anna, Edward, James and Thomas. Those now living are: Edward, a resident of St. Paul; Daniel B., of Kellogg; Patrick, of Max¬ well, Colo.; Anna, wife of J. D. McDonough, of St. Paul; and Nora, wife of Ed¬ ward McDonough, of California. Daniel B. Lydon spent his early youth on his parents' farm, where he learned habits of industry, and attended District School No. 69, Watopa Township. After leaving school he spent six years in travel. He then began teaching district school, an occupation which he pur¬ sued for 20 years, gaining a reputation as an excellent teacher. For a year subsequently he acted as janitor for the Kellogg school, at the same time serv¬ ing on the school board, and he was thus engaged when he was appointed post¬ master of Kellogg, January 26, 1915. He is a member of the Catholic church. Mr. Lydon was married, October 21, 1890, to Mary E. Galway, daughter of Patrick and Margaret Galway. Her father was a native of Ireland and her mother of Massachusetts, and for a number of years after their marriage were farmers in Highland and Watopa Townships, this county. Both are now de¬ ceased. Mr. and Mrs. Lydon have been the parents of eleven children, Frank, Mary, James, Joseph, Alberta, Vincinza, Veronica, Catherine, Rose, Eileen and Patrick, all of whom are living, except Joseph, who died in infancy. Mary is a teacher in the convent at Portsmouth, Ohio, and is known as Sister Arthur. Vincinza is in the convent at Rochester, Minn., her adopted name being Mary Maud. Frank and James enlisted in the service of the United States during the recent war, and served in this country, Frank for 13 months and James for five months, thus evincing a laudable patriotism, a quality in which no member of the family is deficient.

Otto H. Gaebe, proprietor of the Millville Creamery, where he is success¬ fully engaged in the manufacture of butter and ice cream, was born in Addieville, Washington County, Ill., September 19, 1885, son of William and Dorothy (Detring) Gaebe. The parents were natives of Germany who came to America with their parents, the father at the age of 16 and the mother at that of twelve. They settled in Illinois. After the breaking out of the Civil War in 1861, Wil¬ liam Gaebe, then 19 years old, enlisted on President Lincoln's first call for 120,000 men, in the Ninth Illinois regiment. He served three years with Grant's army, was wounded at Shiloh, and took part in other engagements. After returning home he engaged in farming and subsequently conducted a general store. About the year 1900 he moved to North Dakota, in which state he died in 1912. His wife is still living. They had twelve children, eight sons and four daughters, nine of whom are living, namely: Henry, Christ, John, Edward, Frank, Otto, Minnie, Carrie, and Mollie. Minnie is the wife of Henry Nadtler and lives in North Dakota. Carrie, who is the wife of William Lehdey, and Mollie, who is the wife of Fred Tellmann, also reside in that state. Those deceased are William, Fred and Lydia. The mother now lives with her son Frank at New Salem, N. D. Otto H. Gaebe was reared on his parents' farm in Illinois, where he attended district school. He went with the family to North Dakota, and for a number of years remained on the home farm there. At the age of twenty he found employment in the creamery at New Salem, N. D., and liking this occupation, he resolved to perfect himself in the business, and ac¬ cordingly took a course in the Wisconsin Dairy School at Madison, where he learned butter-making. On April 12, 1919, he came to Millville, and bought the

Millville Creamery. In the winter of 1919-20 he took a course in ice-cream making at the University of Minnesota, and in addition to butter-making, he now manufactures ice cream for the trade in the surrounding towns. He has established himself on a firm business footing and is making satisfactory prog¬ ress. Mr. Gaebe was married in Addieville, Illinois, in 1907, to Minnie Garlich, daughter of Rudolph and Mary Garlich, her parents being natives of Illinois but of German descent. Mr. and Mrs. Gaebe have three children, Dorothy, Ralph and Verna, all residing at home.

Patrick Henry Rahilly, whose active walk, kindly greeting and hearty handshake still do much to enliven the daily routine of Wabasha County, despite his near approach to a full score years beyond the allotted three score and ten, has been blessed with the companionship and friendship of many notable empire builders, statesmen and social and religious leaders during the last half of the eighteenth and the first two decades of the nineteenth cen¬ turies. His own share in the foundation and development of the county, state and the great Northwest is evidenced in many various directions. The eldest son of Matthew and Mary (Lynch) Rahilly, he was born on March 8, 1832, on a farm near Limerick, County of Limerick, Ireland. After school days passed in and near Limerick and in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, where the family settled, he joined the pioneers in what was then the great and almost unknown West, arriving at Rochester, Minnesota, in the early fifties, at a time when what is now the city of Rochester consisted of one log cabin. Having pre-empted a quarter section of land in section 22, Mt. Pleasant Township, Wabasha County, he undertook what was in those days the long and arduous journey to New York State where, on August 23, 1860, he married Catherine, the daughter of James and Jane Norton, who was born in County Galway, Ire¬ land, and who thenceforward shared with him the hardships and the triumphs of pioneering in the great Northwest. By industry, economy, unusual foresight and good judgment they succeeded in establishing one of the largest, most modern and best improved farms in the country. Mr. and Mrs. Rahilly were blessed with seven children and seven grandchildren: Mary, Jennie I., Mary E., James M., Catherine A., Margaret R. and John T. Two of the grandchil¬ dren, Louis and Eugene P. McCahill, enlisted in the World War, the former, in the Motor Corps, having made the supreme sacrifice in France six days before the signing of the Armistice; the latter serving in the Naval Aviation Corps. After the death of Mrs. Rahilly, July 12, 1910, Mr. Rahilly disposed of the beautiful country home to his daughter, Mary E. (Mrs. James McCahill), who occupies it as her summer home, and removed to his residence on Oak street, in Lake City, where, respected and admired by the thousands of his acquaint¬ ances and friends, he still attends to the details of his many varied interests. Always active as a member of the Democratic party, he was elected to the Legislature in 1872, serving three terms as Representative and two terms in the Senate, and, in 1875, as candidate for State Auditor, carried the strong Repub¬ lican county of Wabasha, and though running ahead of his ticket throughout the state, was defeated in that overwhelming Republican year. Always promi¬ nent in the affairs of the Knights of Columbus, of which he is the oldest mem¬ ber in Minnesota, he visited Europe in 1910 and at Rome was kindly received by the Holy Pontiff. Mr. Rahilly's life, past and present, is an exemplification of what can be accomplished by sterling integrity, tireless industry, frugality, constant study and continuous application. Never too occupied for a social chat or a business engagement, his life has been and is an inspiration to the younger men of the community which he has helped found and develop in and around Wabasha County.

Herman Engel, a prominent farmer of Elgin Township, and the present chairman of the town board, was born at Oakridge, Winona County, October 19, 1874, son of Fred and Johanna (Holst) Engel. Fred Engel, the father, was a native of Mecklenburg, Germany, and came to America in 1873, locating at

Fountain City, Wis., where he remained during the winter. In 1875 he bought 80 acres of land in Winona County, Minnesota, in Mt. Vernon Township, and was there engaged in farming until 1881. In that year he bought 160 acres in section 4, Whitewater Township, that county, on which tract he erected the entire set of buildings himself. As a general farmer he continued to prosper until his death on August 26, 1896. He was married in November, 1873, to Johanna Holst, also a native of Germany, and they had six children: Herman, of Elgin Township; Edward, who died October 19, 1918; William, a resident of Elgin; Freda, who died in 1893; Minnie, now Mrs. Henry Ott, of Plano, Ill.; and Henry, who is a merchant in Stockton, Minn. Herman Engel acquired his education in the Hoosier Ridge District School, Winona County. After be¬ coming industrially active, he worked on farms in that vicinity until 1895, after which, on account of his father's illness, he was for two years at home. In 1897 he rented 80 acres in section 8, Plainview Township, and began farming for himself. He remained at that location until 1901, in which year he bought the 80-acre farm in section 24, on which he now resides. On this place he has erected a new house, barn, and outbuildings, and his land is well cultivated and productive. Mr. Engel was married, October 6, 1897, to Pauline Jacob, who was born October 19, 1874. He and his wife have been the parents of nine children, eight of whom are now living. The record in brief is as follows: Helen, born July 23, 1898, now Mrs. George Ihde, of Mansfield, S. D.; Laura, born September 26, 1899, now Mrs. Alfred Zimdars, of Winona, Minn.; Lydia, born January 4, 1901, now attending business college in Winona; Esther, born October 12, 1902; Edna, born July 3, 1905; Erwin, March 7, 1907; Mollie, Feb¬ ruary 13, 1909; Harold, born August 31, 1910, who died February 17, 1918; and Ardell, born August 1, 1912. Erwin, Mollie and Ardell are attending school. Esther and Edna are also residing at home. Mr. and Mrs. Engel and their family are members of the German Lutheran church. They are people of good standng in the community and have a wide circle of friends. He is a stockholder in the Farmers and Merchants Bank of Elgin and in the Plainview Co-operative Creamery, and a member of the Elgin Shipping Association.

Ralph W. Christopher, a popular young business man of Millville, was born in this village, August 26, 1894, son of Ole and Bertha (French) Christopher. The father was a native of Norway and son of Christopher and Jane Christo¬ pher, who brought him to the United States at the age of seven years, in 1853. They first located in Iowa, from which state they came to Wabasha County, Minnesota, in 1859, taking land in Oakwood Township, where they engaged in farming. There Christopher spent the rest of his life. After his death his son Ole took charge of the farm, which he operated until 1894, since which time he has been living retired in Millville. He and his wife Bertha have been the parents of six children, of whom four are now living, Ralph in Millville, Edson in South Dakota, Jay in Minnesota City, Minn., and Bert in Revere, Minn. Ralph W. Christopher acquired a public school education and was reared on the home farm. After being thus employed for a time he became clerk in Frish & Engel's store in Millville, which position he held for seven years. Subsequently he worked six years for J. F. McGuigan, and at the end of that time, in 1919, opened his present confectionery and ice cream parlor, which is the only store of the kind in town, and enjoys a good trade. On June 15, 1917, he enlisted in the 311th Engineers, attached to the 86th Division in France, and served 16 months, during which time he was engaged in building bridges, roads, barracks, and other military constructions. He was honorably dis¬ charged July 8, 1918. His brother Edson enlisted in the United States service May 30, 1918, and also went to France, serving four months in the infantry. He was wounded in the Argonne and sent home with an honorable record. Ralph W. Christopher is a member of the American Legion. He resides with his father and mother in Millville, being as yet unmarried.

Patrick J. Cosgrove, cashier of the Millville State Bank, and village treas¬ urer, was born in Oakwood Township, Wabasha County, Minn., November 22,

1864, son of James and Mary (Behan) Cosgrove. The parents were natives of Ireland, but were married in Indiana, James Cosgrove having come to the United States in the late forties. In the spring of 1864 he and his wife came to Wabasha County, Minnesota, and on arriving here bought a farm in Oakwood Township from Alexander McBride. There he was engaged in general farming and improving his property until his death in 1882. His wife survived him about ten years, passing away in 1908. They had six children, of whom James, Andrew and Mary are now deceased. Those living are: Elizabeth, wife of James McBride, and a resident of Keegan, Oakwood Township; Bridget, widow of Charles McNulty, and a resident of St. Paul; and Patrick J., the sub¬ ject of this sketch. Patrick J. Cosgrove acquired his elementary education in the district school, and subsequently pursued more advanced studies in the Lake City high school. He then engaged in teaching, in which occupation he continued in Wabasha County for 20 years. In 1904, on the organization of the Millville State Bank, he became its cashier, a position which he still retains, and in which he has shown good business capacity, and has made many friends! He has served as trustee and president of the village, and is now its treasurer. A member of the Catholic church, he belongs also to the Knights of Columbus, the Red Men, and the Modern Woodmen. In politics he is independent. Mr! Cosgrove was married at West Albany, this county, in 1900, to Nellie T. Mc- Guigan, daughter of James and Julia McGuigan, who were among the early settlers in this county. Of the six children born to Mr. and Mrs. Cosgrove, one, James Leo, died in infancy. The five living are: William, now a student in the University of Minnesota; Edna, a student in St. Clare Seminary, Winona; and Helen, Loretta and Genevieve, who are residing at home.

Francis J. Wadley, the popular station agent at Millville, was born in this village, August 8, 1888, son of Michael and Catherine Wadley. The parents were natives of Germany who came to Wabasha County 45 years ago. The father was a mason by trade and so continued during his entire active career, retiring about 1915, since which time he has resided in Millville. There were four children in the family, John, Matt, Michael and Francis J., all of whom are now living. Francis J. Wadley was educated in the Millville public school, and for some jears subsequently worked both as carpenter and mason, having a good practical knowledge of both trades. In 1910 he became station agent at Millville foi the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway, which position he still holds, and for the last three years he has also been manager for the Green¬ wood Prairie Telephone Co. Politically he is a Democrat. Mr. Wadley was married at Lake City, May 22, 1916, to Agnes Dickman, of Hammond, of which place her parents, John and Marie Dickman, were early settlers. Mr. and Mrs Wadley have two children, Catherine and Kenneth.

Louis Miller, a \\ abasha County pioneer, now deceased, who was one of the eaih settlers in Zumbro Township, was born in Germany, where he grew to manhood and was married. With his wife Mary he came to America in 1856, locating first in Milwaukee, where he found employment as a street la¬ borer for the C1ty. In 1861 he removed to Wabasha County, Minnesota, the last stage of the journey being made up the river to Minneiska, from which land¬ ing-place i proceeded with his family to Zumbro Township. There he bought a farm oi 165 acres, of which twelve acres was improved. Having built a loir

Hiswiff'dlrf1', etYeSlded' engt?ed ln generaI farming until his death in 1903. His wife did not long survive him, passing away in 1904, and after their death were: William, now a resident of Stearns County, Minn.; Louis, who lives in Renville County; Charles, a resident of Rochester, Minn., where he is working for the Sears-Roebuck Company of Chicago ; Herman, a prosperous farmer of Plainview Township; and Lizzie, who is the wife of Jacob Farber, of Olmsted County.