Wabasha County, Minnesota - Biographical sketches, 1920 (part 12 of 27)

George Schurhammer, who for 36 years has been engaged in farming and stock raising in Greenfield Township, of which he is now a well to do citizen, was born in Baden, Germany, April 21, 1852, son of Joseph and Madeline (Trechler) Schurhammer. The parents, born in Germany, came to America in the early fifties, and settled in Greenfield Township, Wabasha County, Minn., in 1855, Joseph Schurhammer subsequently being engaged in agriculture here until his death July 2, 1901. His wife had passed away before him, in 1896. They were members of the Catholic church. They had nine children, of whom the three first born, Andrew, Andrew (second) and Albert, are deceased. The sur¬ vivors are George, Joseph, Christ, August, Minnie and Lawrence. George Schur¬ hammer acquired his education in the district school. For some years he worked for his father on the home farm, and later was employed on the river. In 1876 he began farming for himself, buying 80 acres in Greenfield Township. This farm he later sold and went to Montana, where he remained several years. In 1884 he purchased his present farm of 500 acres in Greenfield Township, lying in sections 13 and 18, on which he has erected all the buildings, in addition to fencing it. He has pursued an industrious career and made good financial progress. He has also rendered public service as a member of the school board of his district. In religion he is a Catholic. Mr. Schurman was married February 12, 1876, to Anna Braun, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Simon Braun. Her parents, natives of Baden, Germany, emigrated to America in 1852, landing at New York. After spending three years in New Jersey, they came, in 1855, to Wisconsin, settling in Stockholm, where Mr. Braun worked as a wagonmaker for two years. In the early sixties they bought a farm north of Pepin, where they resided until 1871. They then came to Wabasha County, Minn., purchasing 160 acres of land in sections 11 and 12, on which Mr. Braun erected buildings and fences and engaged in general farming and stock raising. In 1908 he sold the farm, but continued to reside in Greenfield Township until his death in 1913. His wife died in 1915. Their children were Simon, Bertha, Anna, Emma, Ida, Richard, Robert, Katherine and Otto. Richard and Otto are now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Schurman have a family of seven children, who were born as follows: Louisa J., October 28, 1876; Gustav G., February 16, 1878; Simon H., April 1, 1880; Boda W., December 14, 1881; Roy W., June 13, 1888; Phillip H., July 30, 1890, and Reuben C., March 4, 1892. Louisa is now the wife of Robert Sutter; Gustav resides in Minneapolis; Simon H. and Reuben in Wabasha; Boda and Phillip in Greenfield, as well as Roy, who is on the home farm.

Carl Marx, an early settler in Pepin Township, of which he was for many years one of the most industrious and respected citizens, and the developer of a good farm, was born in Germany, December 28, 1845. He was educated in his native land and came to America in 1867, settling at once, after arriving at Wabasha, in Pepin Township, five and a half miles northwest of the then small \illage. His land, consisting of 80 acres, lay in section 27, and was all wild, there being no buildings. He at once commenced the work of grubbing and clearing and the erection of buildings, and in time developed a good farm, one o the best in the township. One of these buildings was a granary which he used foi awhile for a residence. In 1869 Mr. Marx went to Illinois, where he worked as a farm hand one year. He then returned to his farm on Pepin Hill, t is county and continued to improve it, when not working for others as a farm hand. It was in the year 1875 that he purchased the property, and in the fol¬ lowing year, on May 30, he was married at Wabasha, by the Rev. James Trobec, now Ca ho ic bishop at St. Cloud, to Margaret Klein, who was born in a Rhine province of Germany, January 30, 1855, and had come to this country with her parents at the age of 13 years. Mr. Marx became a successful farmer and one ol the prominent citizens of his township, which he served as clerk for 21 years besides being school clerk of District 3, for some years. In the fall of the year la WiliCh |le WaS mafried' 1876> he built a good frame house, which he later enarged and improved, and he also erected good substantial farm buildings. He kept a good grade of cattle and raised Duroc hogs, gradually increasing in prosperity until he was well to do. His disposition was quiet and retiring and he always proved himself a good neighbor. Politically he was a Democrat, and in religion a Catholic. His death took place on the farm, October 27, 1919, and was an event much regretted in the locality, where he was highly respected. Mr. and Mrs. Marx were the parents of a large family, numbering 14 children, namely: Mary, born May 23, 1877; Anna Catherine, November 19, 1878; Nich¬ olas, August 1, 1880; John, February 22, 1882; William John, July 8, 1883; Magdalena, November 21, 1885; Frederick and Michael (twins), October 5, 1891; Bertha Eva, August 17, 1893; Catherine 0., October 17, 1895; Louis Mathias, February 16, 1898; Leo, October 26, 1899. Four of the children died in infancy: Charles, on August 5, 1888; Frederick, May 3, 1892; Louis, February 20, 1898; and Leo, March 12, 1900. Mary is now Mrs. Frank Pulles of Glasgow Town¬ ship. Anna Catherine is unmarried and residing at home. John is a carpenter in Wabasha. William John, who is unmarried, is operating the home farm for his mother. Magdalena, who taught school eight years in Wabasha County, is the wife of Leo Passe, a retired farmer of Wabasha. Mary Margaret, who taught school six years, is now Sister Charlotte of Notre Dame Convent at Mankato. Michael, now a resident of Sandusky, Ohio, served two years in the World War. Going out as a private, he was promoted to corporal, was employed in the Central Record office in clerical work, trained at Camp Lewis, Washington, about five months, and after going across, saw service at Tours and Bourges in France, being abroad 19 months. On his return he was sent to Camp Merritt and from there to camp in Wyoming, where he was discharged in September, 1919. Bertha Eva, who is living at home, is engaged in steno¬ graphic and office work for Nicholas Marx, a cousin. Catherine O. taught four years in the Wabasha public schools. Magdalena, Margaret and Bertha Eva all graduated from St. Felix high school, all having good records. Catherine also graduated there, and in addition from the normal Training Department of the Wabasha High School, being a member of the Class of 1916. Mrs. Marx, who survives her husband, is still living on the home farm, where also reside her children, William, Anna and Catherine.

John Merkens, proprietor of a farm in section 6, Mt. Pleasant Township, and who also holds the office of town assessor, was born in Hanover, Germany, June 17, 1872, son of John and Metta (Meyer) Merkins. He came with his parents to the United States in 1882, their first location being in Florence Township, Goodhue County, Minn., where they remained until 1894, engaged in farming. In the year last mentioned they removed to Mt. Pleasant Township, Wabasha County, and soon after the father, John Merkens, Sr., died. His wife, who was born in Germany, February 18, 1835, is still living and resides with her son, the subject of this sketch. He, John Merkens, Jr., acquired a common school education, but had to begin work at an early age. He was associated in agriculture with his father, and later became the owner of an 80-acre farm in Belvidere Township, Goodhue County, which he stills owns. In 1913, he then bought his present farm of 80 acres in section 6, Mt. Pleasant Township, Wabasha County, which then had no buildings, though the land was improved. It is situated seven miles and a half from Lake City, and has a fertile soil, which is well tilled and produces good crops. Mr. Merkens has erected a comfortable two-story, eight-room, frame house, and other necessary buildings, and as a general farmer, with a good operating equipment, is meeting with success. He has served as town assessor for over five years, and is a highly respected citizen of his township. He was married June 30, 1901, to Mary Hinck, daughter of John and Anna (Cordes) Hinck, of Mt. Pleasant Township. She died February 15, 1902, and Mr. Merkens has not remarried. He is a Lutheran in religion and a member of Emanuel congregation at West Florence, Goodhue County. He was the fifth born child of his parents, and all his brothers and sisters are now living. Those older than himself, in the order of birth, are: Catherine, a resident of Goodhue County; Metta, now Mrs. James Ashton, of Pasco, Wash.; and Anna, wife of L. H. Roschen, of Mt. Pleasant

Township. The younger are: Ella, now Mrs. William Stevenson of Waulula, Wash.; Christopher, of Maiden Rock, Wis.; and Henry of Mt. Pleasant Townshin.

Charles Elmer Nvgren, one of the popular and successful young farmers of Mt. Pleasant Township, is a native son of this county, having been born in Gilford Township, January 8, 1883, son of Charles J. and Maria (Johanson) Nygren. He attended the district schools of his neighborhood, and for two years was grounded in the fundamentals of a thorough commercial education in the Lake City Business College. He worked with his father until 1903, when he started cn his own responsibility by renting 120 acres of his father's farm. He now operates 240 acres on a successful scale, and makes a specialty of high class stock, his herd including a dozen pure blooded Shorthorns and about 40 high grades. He also has a drove of from 25 to 50 pure bred Duroc-Jersey hogs. His place is a little more than five miles from Lake City, is kept in the highest stage of cultivation, and is well equipped with machinery, tools and implements. Mr. Nygren is an energetic, successful young man, popular in the community, and a thorough believer in modern methods of agriculture. He is a Democrat in general principles but reserves the right of private judgment as to men and policies in all elections, and although keenly interested in all public affairs he has never cared to seek political office. Mr. Nygren was married February 14, 1911, to Isabelle Edna Roberson, who was born January 19, 1889, daughter of Frank and Sarah (Whitcomb) Roberson, of Gillford Township, and this union has been blessed with three children: Norman Elmer, born June 26, 1912; Ruth Edna, born November 18, 1914, and Neil Wyman, born June 9, 1918. The fam¬ ily attends the Episcopal church.

Carsten Meyer, who was for a number of years a well known and respected resident of Gillford Township, was a native of Germany, where he learned the carpenter's trade and was married to Anna Martens. About 1885 he came with his family to Wabasha County, Minn., and settled on a farm in Gillford Town¬ ship, on which he erected the buildings. As his sons and daughters were mostly grown up and were strong and sturdy, he left them to work the farm while he followed his trade. He was himself a man of exceptional size, being six feet four inches in height, and powerful in proportion. He spent 28 years on the farm, dying February 13, 1911. His wife survived him a few years, passing away in March, 1913. Their children, ten in number, were : Carsten, now living in Lake City; Henry A., of Mt. Pleasant Township; Claus of Lake City; Mary, wife of Peter Hoeft; Catherine, wife of William Kohrs of Gillford Township, now dead; Anna, now Mrs. Kriett of Lake City; Margaret, wife of Max Wimmer of Gillford Township; Alice, who is Mrs. Carsten Reckmann, and Ellen, who is the wife of Henry Bennett of Goodhue County and John of Mt. Pleasant Township.

Henry A. Meyer, whose work along agricultural lines has raised him to a high place among the prosperous farmers of Mt. Pleasant Township, was born in Hanover, Germany, March 10, 1871, son of Carsten and Anna (Martens) Meyer. He was 14 years old when he accompanied his parents to the United States, and until the age of 26 years he resided on their farm in Gillford Town¬ ship. In 1895, with his brother Claus, he bought an improved farm of 240 acres in section 34, Mt. Pleasant Township, all the land being under the plow, and the farm having a fair set of buildings. Together they farmed the land until 1908, and having built a good set of buildings on the north half, they divided the farm, the bi other, Claus, taking the north half of 120 acres, and Henry A. the south half of the same area. The land is highly cultivated and is productive, and Heniy A. Meyer had a herd of 40 to 50 high grade Shorthorn cattle and a herd of 20 to 30 Poland-China swine. He remodeled the frame barn, and it is now equipped in modern style with the James system of steel stanchions, cement floois and gutters, and with water in every stall. There is a 9-foot basement for horses and cattle, a crane manure-carrier and other appliances and the King ventilating system has been installed. There is also a cream separator room. The equipment of tools and machinery is fully adequate and includes an auto car. Through hard work and good management Mr. Meyer made rapid prog¬ ress and achieved success. He continued actively at work until 1919, when he leased the farm to his son Roy and moved to the Claus Meyer farm. His po¬ litical principles have been Republican but he is now a member of the Non- Partisan League. On September 26, 1897, Mr. Meyer was married to Margaret, daughter of Henry and Margaret Heitmann of Gillford Township. He and his wife have two children: Roy Carsten, born May 1, 1898, who was married Sep¬ tember 12, 1919, to Irene, daughter of Henry and Margaret Bremer of Lake Township; and Elsie A., born March 8, 1901, who is residing at home. The family are members of the Lincoln congregation of the Lutheran church, of which Mr. Meyer is a liberal supporter.

Gottleib Wagner, a retired farmer residing in Kellogg, where he and his wife are well known and highly respected, was born in Saxony, Germany, October 28, 1842, son of Valentine and Elizabeth Wagner. The parents, who never left their native land, are now deceased. Of their five or six children, Gottleib was the only one to emigrate to the United States, accompanying the family of a neighbor to this country in 1867. A short time was spent with them in Wisconsin, where he worked on a ferry. Then, in the same year, he came to Minnesota, locating in Glasgow Township, Wabasha County, where for eight years he worked as a farm hand. Having by that time saved some money, he bought 160 acres of timber land in the same township, and began the work of clearing and developing a farm, which he ultimately accomplished in a very thorough manner. On that same place he resided for 45 years, or until 1908, when, finding himself in possession of an ample competence, he retired and took up his residence in Kellogg. The improvements on his farm include a nineroom house; a basement barn, 38 by 58 feet in ground dimensions; a hog house, chicken house, and other necessary buildings, and he always kept the farm well stocked with a good grade of cattle and swine. Mr. Wagner's education was obtained chiefly in Germany, but he attended English school two years after com¬ ing to this country. He long ago became a good American, and has rendered public service, having been a village trustee ever since coming to Kellogg, ex¬ cept during one year, and having formerly served one year as supervisor of Glasgow Township and many years as school clerk. He is a stockholder in the local Telephone Company and the Theilman State Bank. Politically he is a Re¬ publican and in religion a Catholic. Mr. Wagner was married January 30, 1871, to Mary Graff, daughter of Francis and Barbara (Graff) Graff, of Glasgow Township, who had come with her parents to this township at the age of six years. Of this union eleven children have been born, eight of whom are now living, namely: Bertha, wife of Robert Funk; Clara, wife of Joe Lachafel; Ma¬ tilda, now Mrs. Walter Wolf, of Greenfield; Lillian, who married Francis Gilcreast of Kellogg; Lawrence, who married Mary Schierts; Lewis, who married Maggie Kling and lives in Montana; and Edward, who married Clara Merion of Wabasha. Those deceased are Albert, Celie and John. Francis and Barbara Graff, parents of Mrs. Gottleib Wagner, were born in Alsace-Lorraine, and came to the United States in 1856. They were among the pioneers of Glas¬ gow Township, and in early days suffered many privations, having to grind meal in a coffeemill, and carry provisions on their backs from Wabasha, twelve miles away, there being few oxen then in the county. On their way to this county they had stopped for a while at Galena, Ill., where they remained until 1857, when they came to this county. After the passage of the homestead laws, Mr. Graff homesteaded his farm, but was not long spared to work on it, as he died in 1869. His wife survived him half a century, passing away at the venerable age of 92 years on April 8, 1919. They had nine children, five of whom are liv¬ ing: Susie, wife of John Schuweiler, residing on the home homestead; Mary,

John Walch, vice president of the First State Bank of Elgin, and a busi¬ ness man of high standing and wide reputation, was born in Mt. Vernon Town¬ ship, Winona County, Minn., July 13, 1876. His parents were Nicholas and Clara (Kemp) Walch, the father born in Luxemberg and the mother in Ohio. Nicholas Walch came to America in 1858, and his marriage to Clara Kemp oc¬ curred at Dubuque, la., where for several years he was engaged in the livery business. In 1864 he moved to Mt. Vernon Township, Winona County, and bought 240 acres of government land at $1.25 an acre. The tract was covered with heavy timber, which took a considerable time and plenty of hard work to clear, but the task was finally accomplished and a fine farm developed, the size of which Mr. Walch increased to 1,400 acres by additional land purchases. There he resided, continuing the work of improvement until his death in 1899. His widow is now a resident of Winona. They had 13 children, some of whom are now deceased, the survivors being Henry and Nicholas (twins), Roman, John, Francis, Laura, Kate, Aloysious and Cecil. John Walch acquired his elementary education in the school of his district, Winona County, and later attended public school in Winona City. In 1898, in partnership with J. Schlingerman, of Winona, he engaged in the dry goods business there under the firm name of Schlingerman & Walch, and continued as a member of the concern un¬ til 1902. In that year Mr. Walch entered the Merchants Bank at Winona and remained there until 1904, when he came to Elgin and accepted the position of cashier of the First State Bank, which he held until 1920, when he was elected vice president. He is also a director in the First State Bank at Rollingstone and is financially interested in farm land in Olmsted County. His business career has been progressive and has broadened out, with still greater promise for the future. For 15 years Mr. Walch has been a member of the village coun¬ cil and has served as its president. Fraternally he belongs to Rochester Lodge, No. 1091, B. P. O. E. A man of sound judgment, and upright in all his trans¬ actions, he is highly respected in the community. On October 25, 1904, Mr. Walch was united in marriage with Leona Steichen, who was born at Northwood, la., March 25, 18^9. They have an adopted child, Jean, who was born February 22, 1918. Mr. and Mrs. Walch are members of the Catholic church.

Michael Schneider, now living retired on a farm in Highland Township, which he formerly operated, has had a long and varied experience as farmer and merchant and proved his capacity in both lines of industry. He was born in Lorraine, France, May 5, 1853, son of John P. and Mary C. (Florange) Schneider. The family came to this country when Michael was about two and a half years old, settling near Milwaukee, where John P. Schneider established himself in business as a stave maker, being thus engaged in that vicinity for ten years. In 1865 he moved with his family to Winona County, Minn., ar¬ ming there October 10, and buying 80 acres in the town of Jefferson, now orton- Having erected a small shack, he started to develop a farm, the whole family taking part in the grubbing and clearing. In the spring of 1866, with two yoke of oxen, he broke 50 acres, and two years later he broke 50 more.

ere he and his wrife spent the rest of their lives, he passing away in 1873, and she in 1901 at the age of 78. Before his death he gave his son, Michael, 80 acres, the latter having to pay the heirs what the farm cost when wild - $10 per acre, i r. and Mrs. John P. Schneider had eight children, of whom six are now mng Margaret, widow' of Christ Simon, residing two miles northeast of St. Charles m Winona County; John P., a physician practicing at Bow-

^Iary' Wlfe of John Schwitzer, of Mankato, Minn.; Catherine, wife of Peter Kartzmann of Hazleton, N. D.; Nicholas, who lives in Mankato; and Mmhael of Highland Township, Wabasha County. Michael Schneider remained on the home farm until he was 25 years old, in his boyhood attending the distnct school. He helped his father previous to the latter's death, and subse- quently carried on the farm. In addition to the 80 acres which he had received from his father, he bought another 80-acre tract adjoining it, a third tract of the same size, part of the original farm, being retained as a homestead for the mother. In 1883 they sold the three eighties, and Michael went to Lewiston, where he engaged in the hardware business with a partner under the firm name of Schneider & Linden. He also acquired 140 acres adjoining town. After eight years he sold the land, and after ten years his interest in the store, and moved with his family to Rollingstone, where he resided nine years. In 1902 he came to Wabasha County and bought a farm of 160 acres in Highland Town¬ ship, later added to it another tract of the same size, which gave him a farm of 320 acres, and later added 160 acres across the road in Plainview Township, making a farm of 480 acres. Here he engaged in general farming until 1916, when he retired and moved to Plainview, being a resident of that village until the fall of 1919. He then moved back to the farm, where he now resides, and which is carried on by his sons, Louis, Arnold and Edward, under the name of Schneider Brothers, the father and mother together keeping house for them. They have two nice residences, of eight and nine rooms respectively, with good barns and out-buildings on both farms. During his active career, both in Winona and Wabasha counties, Mr. Schneider identified himself closely with public interests and showed himself a public-spirited citizen. In Winona County he served as supervisor of the town of Norton, was treasurer of the school board of Lewiston, and was president of the village board of Rollingstone four years, during which time he inaugurated a number of local improve¬ ments. He has been a director of the Wabasha County Fair board for a number of years; is a director of the Farm Bureau Association of Wabasha County, and served many years as vice-president of the Farmers' Mutual Fire Insur¬ ance Company. Religiously a Catholic, he belongs also to the Knights of Co¬ lumbus and the Minnesota Benevolent Society. Mr. Schneider was married at Winona, Minn., May 15, 1878, to Bertha Jung, daughter of John P. and Cath¬ erine (Kohner) Jung. Her parents were natives of Luxemburg, who emigrated to Wisconsin, where their daughter, Catherine, was born, and subsequently to Winona County, Minn., where they became well to do farmers. Mr. and Mrs. Schneider have had ten children, eight of whom are living: John P., a practic¬ ing physician in Minneapolis and professor of materia, medica in the University of Minnesota; Louis, Arnold, Edward and Lawrence; Mary, wife of William Dietrich of Rochester; Sedella, wife of Arthur Walch, residing on a farm near Plainview; and Catherine, who is living on the home farm. Those deceased were two daughters, each named Rosa, both of whom died in infancy. During the recent war, Edward N. enlisted in the U. S. Seventh Division, in the Vet¬ erinary Department, 14th Brigade, and served a year and three months in the United States and France, taking part in the engagements at Metz and in the Argonne. Lawrence also entered the U. S. service and was stationed at the Officers' Training School at Minneapolis when the war ended. Mr. Schneider and his sons are extensive breeders of blooded Holstein cattle, keeping a herd of registered cows and bulls; his Poland-China hogs are also full-blooded. He has one of the best farms in the township and he and his family are highly esteemed members of the community.

W. B. Webb, manager of the Wabasha Roller Mill Co., was born in Skowhegan, Maine, September 29, 1882, son of C. L. and Rachel P. (Steward) Webb. He acquired his preliminary education in the common and grade schools of his native town, was graduated from the high school in 1901, and was subsequently a student for four years at Bowdoin College. He then entered the employ of the International Banking Corporation in New York City, and after nine months' service there was transferred to the Philippine Islands, where he remained for three and a half years. In 1910 he resigned his position in order to come to Wabasha to accept a position with the Wabasha Roller Mill Co. In 1911 he was elected vice-president of the company, and in 1917 its manager, in which capacity he is still serving efficiently. He is also identified with other impor¬ tant business enterprises, being secretary of the "Red Front" Flour & Feed Co., of Eau Claire, Wis., and a member of the board of directors of the Coppins & Lange Flour & Feed Co., of Rockford, Ill. During the recent World War Mr. Webb rendered useful and patriotic service as chairman of the third, fourth and fifth Liberty Loan drives in Wabasha County. He is a member of the Winona Country Club, also of the Wabasha Club and of the Philippine Club. In college he was a member of the D. K. E. Fraternity, while he is also con¬ nected with the Masonic Order, being a member of Wabasha Lodge, No. 14, A. F. & A. M. of Wabasha. In both business and social relations Mr. Webb has proved himself a man of force and utility, of sound judgment, and of ready action when action is required. He has taken his place as one of the leading business men of the city, and he and his wife are popular members of Wabasha society. Mr. Webb was married June 15, 1910, to Mary W. Lawrence, of Wabasha, with whom he attends Grace Memorial Church. He and his wife are the parents of two children: Mary L. and William B., Jr.

Marshall Charles Weir, who spent a useful and active life in Greenfield Township, where he was highly respected and esteemed, was born in Tepeotah, Wabasha County, Minn., April 3, 1862, son of Marshall and Catherine (Doyle) Weir. His parents were farmers in this township and continued in that occu¬ pation until their death. Marshall C. was educated in the district schools here and for a number of years thereafter worked for his father. Subsequently he started in for himself, buying a farm of 160 acres, to which he later added more land until he was the owner of 334 acres, located in sections 25 and 30, Greenfield Township. On this place he made valuable improvements, erecting all the buildings and putting up fencing. He carried on general farming and stock raising with good success until his death on November 1, 1914. His funeral was attended by a large concourse of friends and relatives, and his loss was mourned by the entire community. Mr. Weir belonged to the Modern Woodmen of America, whose impressive burial service was used at his inter¬ ment. His religious affiliations were with the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Weir was married February 22, 1886, to Lillian Ingalls, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Ingalls of Pine Island. Six children were the issue of this marriage, namely: William M., born Oct. 2, 1888; Edward M., September 14, 1889; Mae K., February 5, ,1891; Cecil F., born February 5, 1895; Lyle E., October 20, 1896; and Hazel L., February 11, 1903. William M. is now a resident of Wisconsin. Mr. Weir was survived also by a brother Wm. Weir, of Downing, Wis., and a sister, Mrs. George Gammons, of Minneapolis.

Paul J. Poison, who until recently was numbered among the agricultural population of Oakwood Township, but is now living retired in Lake City, was born in Oakwood Township, January 14, 1875, son of Emeric and Sophia (Johnson) Poison. He was reared in that township, and at an early age had to assist his father on the farm, but attended District School 44 during the winters up to the age of nineteen. Until 1898 he continued to assist his father, but in that year a change occurred in his life, as he was united in marriage May 26, 1898, with Martha Nass, daughter of Holvar and Bertha Nass of Oakwood Township. In the spring of the same year he bought a farm of 133 acres in sections 16 and 21, Oakwood Township. It was an improved farm, but with poor buildings. In 1902 he bought 160 acres in section 22, which gave him a farm of 293 acres, of which he put 220 under the plow, leaving the remainder in pasture and timber. He also erected a good set of buildings. Mr. Poison carried on general farming, but gave his chief attention to stock raising, keep¬ ing from 65 to 70 head of grade Shorthorn cattle, and from 50 to 60 Chester- White hogs, also grade animals, his market being Millville, three and a quarter miles distant. He continued farming until November 1, 1919, when, having acquired a competence, he retired and took up his residence in Lake City, buy¬ ing a fine house and three acres on Lyon avenue. He is a stockholder in the

Joseph Suilmann And Family

Millville State Bank, and was treasurer of the Farmers' Co-operative Elevator, and was a stockholder in the Millville Co-operative Creamery. In politics Mr. Poison is a Republican. During his active career on the farm he was one of the most prominent citizens of his township and served ten years or more as chairman of the town board. His wife, who was born in Sweden, May 26, 1877, is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church of Oakwood, to which Mr. Poison also belongs, and which he served as trustee for several years.

Emil W. Reiter, a retired farmer residing in Elgin Village, was born in Posen, Prussia, Germany, June 6, 1862. At the age of ten years, in 1872, with his parents, Fred and Ameliage (Myer) Reiter, he came to the United States, the family settling first in Buffalo, N. Y. In 1877 they came to Minnesota, lo¬ cating in Elgin Township, Wabasha County, where Emil began workin-g out on farms. By 1891 he had become a good, practical farmer, with ambitions look¬ ing to an independent career in that industry, and accordingly he rented a farm in Farmington Township, Olmsted County, where he resided until the following year. He then bought a farm of 160 acres in sections 7 and 8, Elgin Township, on which he made a number of valuable improvements, in 1913 building a basement barn 36 by 60 feet, and a good house and out-buildings. As a general farmer and stock raiser he made good progress and acquired a competence upon which he retired in 1918. The farm is now being operated by his son, Clarence. Mr. Reiter was married June 17, 1891, to Molly Boie, daugh¬ ter of Mr. and Mrs. John Boie, and the issue of this marriage is three children: Helen, born December 6, 1893, now Mrs. Oscar Benike of Rochester; Clarence, born August 17, 1896; and Elna, born May 26, 1905. Mr. Reiter and his family are members of the Lutheran church, and are well known and respected in Elgin and the vicinity. He is a member of the Old Settlers' Association of Elgin.

Joseph Suilmann, a prominent citizen of Pepin Township, who owns and operates an excellent farm of 240 acres in section 55, Pepin Township, was born in Hanover, Germany, October 13, 1873, son of Joseph and Caroline (Surmann) Suilmann, his parents being farmers. The father born in the early forties, died in 1909. The mother died in 1912. Each was about 65 years old. They had a family of four sons and three daughters: Herman, who is still in Ger¬ many, on the old farm; Joseph, the subject of this sketch, and Theresa, Anton, Wilhelmina, Gerhardt and Lacey, who are still living in Germany. Joseph Suilmann attended common school in his native land up to the age of 14, and remained on the home farm until he was 20. He was then obliged to enter the army and receive military training, being thus engaged for two years. After that he was again on the home farm until 1895, and subsequently was employed away from home. In the year 1900 Mr. and Mrs. Herman Passe of Wabasha County, Minn., visited Germany, and induced him to seek his fortune in Amer¬ ica. Accordingly late in the year he set out and landed in New York, Novem¬ ber 11. From that city he came on to Wabasha County, and here, or in this vicinity, during the following winter, found work in chopping wood for 75 cents a day, being thus employed many days when the thermometer was 30 or 32 below zero. This was a hard experience for a young man accustomed to a much milder climate, but he proved himself capable, and in the summer found work as a farm hand, receiving $19 a month. He had reached Wabasha County with a cash capital of only $25, but he got along and saved money, continuing to earn daily or monthly wages until 1905. By that time, having been econom¬ ical, he was prepared to start in for himself, and did so by renting the Frank Welp farm of 120 acres on Pepin Hill. He now felt so sure of success that in the following spring, on May 10, 1906, he married Mary Passe, daughter of Herman and Anna Passe of Wabasha Hill, and they began domestic life to¬ gether on the rented farm, where they remained for two years and a half. Then on September 11, 1908, Mr. Suilmann bought the old Roemer farm of 200 acres in section 35, Pepin Township, to which he has added 40 acres more making a farm of 240 acres. One hundred acres of the farm were then under the plow, and there was a frame house on it but no barns. Mr. Suilmann therefore ex¬ temporized a barn by fitting up an old dilapidated log house for that purpose by adding a lean-to, where he kept his horses and cattle. He also greatly im¬ proved the frame house, and later built a modern frame barn, 36 by 72 by 12 feet, with full stone basement and cement floors, Hudson and Thurber stalls, and running water to every stall ; also a granary, 16 by 40 by 8 feet in size, with machine sheds, corn cribs and other buildings. He also gradually supplied himself with all necessary tools and modern machinery. More recently he has set out a young orchard and erected a stave silo 14 by 34 feet, 100-ton capacity. He is now in the full tide of a prosperous career as a general farmer, having 40 to 50 head of grade Shorthorn cattle, and a herd of 40 to 50 Duroc swine. He also owns a fine five-passenger automobile. Mr. Suilmann's first wife, Mary, died January 2, 1909, leaving two children: Joseph Herman, born July 5, 1908, and Mary Anna, born November 9, 1909. Some time after that event Mr. Suil¬ mann had a sickness which necessitated a hospital operation, and on his recov¬ ery, in September, 1910, he took a trip to Germany, being away ten weeks. Dur¬ ing that time he was married to Marie Wilmers, daughter of Henry and Caro¬ line Wilmers of Hanover, Germany, and brought his bride back with him to his Wabasha County farm. By her he has had five children: August Alfonso, born January 27, 1912; Walburga, September 11, 1913; Frances Regina, Sep¬ tember 7, 1915; Vincent August, January 26, 1918 and Innocent Bernhard born December 28, 1919. Mr. Suilmann took out his last papers as an American cit¬ izen in 1911. He and his family are members of St. Felix parish, Wabasha.

Carl F. Podein, an active and enterprising farmer residing in section 12, Oakwood Township, was born in Germany, September 20, 1883, son of Carl and Sophia (Jacobs) Podein. The father was a native of France and the mother of Germany. They came to America, and to Wabasha County, Minn., in 1880, locating in Plainview Township, where they farmed for about 14 years, the father dying in 1894. His widow is now residing in Plainview. Their son, Carl F., was educated in the common and high schools of Plainview, and after relinquishing his studies worked for about a year on the home farm, after which he purchased his present farm of 217 acres in section 12, Oakwood. On this property he has built a good house, windmill, all the outbuildings except the granary, and in 1920 erected a modern barn, 36 by 82 feet, with full basement. His place is well stocked with Durham cattle, Chester-White swine and Shrop¬ shire sheep, and its production of stock and crops provide him with a good in¬ come. Mr. Podein was the first member of the Millville Co-operative Co., deal¬ ing in grain and all farm products. He was elected town supervisor in 1913, and thi ough i e-elections has served continuously in the same office ever since. A man of much energy, good business ability, and sterling common sense, he has proved himself a useful citizen and dependable town official and is widely respected. Mr. Podein was married August 16, 1905, to Clara A. Villwock, who was born August 20, 1881, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. August Villwock. Four children have come to brighten their home, namely: Clarence E., born June 20, 1906, August (deceased) ; Arthur C., born April 23, 1910, and John, born May

George J. Pretzer, a representative Wabasha County farmer, whose farm lies in three townships, was born in Oakwood Township, Wabasha County, Mmn- June 4, 1864, son of William and Caroline (Schultz) Pretzer. He acquiied his education in a district school in Elgin Township, and worked for his father until 1894. For two years subsequently he operated a rented farm neai EJgin \ illage, and after that, for a year, another farm south of Potsdam. In 1897 he bought the home farm of his father, consisting of 149 acres in sec¬ tion 5, Elgin Township, 40 acres in Oakwood Township, and 80 acres in Zumbro Township, making a total of 269 acres. In 1910 Mr. Putnam built a new base¬ ment barn, 34 by 50 feet, and in addition has a substantial and comfortable res- idence and good outbuildings. As a general farmer and stock raiser, breeding high grade swine, he is making a financial success. He is a member of the school board of District No. 96, Elgin Township, and religiously is affiliated with the German Lutheran church. On December 5, 1895, Mr. Pretzer was mar¬ ried to Nettie Schuchard, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Schuchard. He and his wife have been the parents of seven children, five of whom are now living. Their record in brief is as follows: Arthur R. W., born August 18, 1896, was drafted into the U. S. Army May 28, 1918, becoming a member of the 308th Infantry Replacement Company. He sailed for France August 8, 1918, took part in the fighting in the Argonne Forest, was wounded September 28, 1918, and discharged March 24, 1919. He is now at home. George A., born Novem¬ ber 30, 1897, was drafted into the army October 24, 1918, going to Camp For¬ rest, Ga., where he was stationed two months. He was discharged December 26, 1919, at Camp Dodge, la., and is now at home. Mabel T., born May 1, 1898, is residing at home and so is Clarence W., born January 23, 1900. Ella L., Sep¬ tember 13, 1902, died April 4, 1917. The two youngest, who are on the home farm are: Gilbert E., born January 19, 1904; and Caroline A., born Septem¬ ber 16, 1906, who died in 1908. William Pretzer, father of George J. Pretzer, was a native of Germany, who came to America in the early fifties, settling in Oakwood Township, Wabasha County, Minn., where he resided for the rest of his life except for thirteen years that he spent in South Dakota. After his re¬ tirement from active work he lived in Plainview Village until his death, which took place February 6, 1918. His wife Caroline died August 26, 1914. They were the parents of ten children, namely: William, George, Robert, Hulda, Martha, Lydia, Paul, Emma, Henry and Claire. Hulda is now Mrs. Frank Pagel of Rochester, Martha is the wife of George Dickman of the same place, Lydia is the wife of Carl Quale, Emma the wife of Louis Andrea, and Claire the wife of Laud Andrea. Henry is now deceased.

Deidrich Dankers, now living retired in Lake City, is a man who has had an active career as farmer and public official, and is well and favorably known over most of the county. He was born in Hanover, Germany, November 15, 1848, son of Peter and Anna Dankers, and was educated in the common schools in his native land. There he grew to manhood and was married April 18, 1869, to Marguerite Martin. For 10 years longer he remained in Germany, and then, in 1879, with his wife and three children, he emigrated to the United States, coming directly to Wabasha County, Minn. Here he at once turned his atten¬ tion to the cultivation of the soil, renting the Thomas Morrow farm in Mt. Pleasant Township, which he worked for 15 years. In 1894 he bought of Mr. Morrow an improved farm of 120 acres, with fair buildings, on section 32, which he operated until 1906. He then retired, buying a comfortable residence in Lake City, at the corner of Dwelle and Sixth streets, where he has since made his home. On February 2, 1911, Mr. Dankers suffered a paralytic shock, as the result of which has has since been helpless, but otherwise enjoys good health. He was a very active and capable farmer, and very successful. He was also a prominent citizen of his township, serving as chairman of the town board for six years, and also for a number of years as assessor and on the school board. In 1901 and 1902 he built the first macadamized road in Wabasha County, extending from the foot of McCahill Hill to the boundary of Lake Township. His prosperity has been self-acquired, with the aid of his wife and children, as he had nothing when he arrived in this county. Moreover, during his early years on the farm, he made little, owing to the low price of produce, having to sell his barley at 17 cents, eggs at 5 cents, and butter at 8 to 10 cents. He and his wife have been the parents of nine children: Anna, Marguerite, Katherine, Henry, Charles, Peter, John, Fred and William, of whom the first three mentioned were born in Germany. Anna is now the wife of John Isendorf of Goodhue County. Katherine is the wife of Deidrich Klintworth of Chester Township, Wabasha County. Henry is a harness-maker at Glenwood,

Minn. Charles, born April 9, 1881, is a farmer in Belvidere Township, Goodhue County. Peter, born March 18, 1884, and John, born March 29, 1886, are farming in the same township as John. Fred is operating a farm in section 33, Mt. Pleasant Township. William, born January 19, 1898, was a grocer and mu¬ sician in Lake City, but died from influenza November 11, 1918. His wife and three children are now residing in Lake City near the home of Mr. Dankers. The Dankers family are members of St. John's congregation (Lutheran) in Lake City, of which the subject of this sketch was a trustee for many years.

Fred Dankers, a general farmer of section 33, Mt. Pleasant Township, who within the last few years has made rapid strides in prosperity, was born in this township, January 2, 1889, son of Deidrich and Margaret (Martin) Dankers. In his boyhood he attended district school regularly up to the age of 15 years, and after that during the winters until the age of 17. After that he learned the carpenter's trade, at which he worked intermittently until 1912, residing on the home farm until 1906, and working on it when not engaged at his trade. On September 9, 1907, he married Leona, daughter of Peter and Adelia Merkens of Mt. Pleasant Township, and subsequently until 1913 lived on the Merkens' farm, working for his wife's brother, John Merkens, with Mrs. Dankers as house¬ keeper. In 1913 Mr. Dankers leased the Lewis farm of 240 acres in section 33, Mt. Pleasant Township, which he is still operating, being engaged in general farming, in which he is a thorough adept. He has a good operating equipment and is profitably raising high grade Shorthorn cattle, of which he keeps from 30 to 40 head, and Poland-China hogs, of which he has 40 to 50 head, with full blooded sires at the head of both herds. His political principles have caused him to join the Non-partisan League, and he and his family are affiliated re¬ ligiously with the Belvidere congregation in Goodhue County. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Dankers are: Luellen Alice Anna, March 25, 1909; Melvin William, January 19, 1911; Harfy Frederick, September 13, 1912; Erane Flor¬ ence Lydia, August 9, 1915; Verone Marie, April 2, 1917, and Noranda Cath¬ erine, January 30, 1919. Mrs. Dankers was born in Mt. Pleasant Township, October 18, 1888, and has always resided in Wabasha County, where she and Mr. Dankers are widely known and enjoy a good social standing.

Fred Sprick, who died June 24, 1920, on his farm in section 30, Mt. Pleasant Township, was a good example of the value of industry and self-reliance, as through the possession of those qualities, together with patience, he rose from a condition of poverty to one of comparative affluence. He was born in Hanover, Germany, September 10, 1848, son of Gustav and Sophia Sprick. His early life up to the age of about 28 years was spent in his native land, where he attended school and subsequently became a farm hand. When he was 14 his mother died, and twelve years later the father, who wTas a brickmaker, followed his wife to the grave. In the meanwhile, in 1870, the subject of this sketch had assumed the responsibilities of domestic life, marrying Adeline Ehlers. In 1876, writh the view of bettering his condition, he came with his wife and three children to the United States, landing in New York City, July 4, just 100 years after this country became a nation. Four days later he and his family arrived in Red Wing, Minnesota, whence they proceeded to Belvidere Township, Goodhue County. There Mr. Sprick found employment for a while at grubbing and geneial faim work, turning his hand to anything he could find to do, as he was very poor, the expenses of the journey having used up all his funds. He and his family at first lived in a little shack, and when he had contrived to get a cow he had to cut a hole in the side of the bluff to shelter it, covering the entrance with hay and straw. He often walked five or six miles to and from his work and split rails and chopped wood for fifty cents a day. Two more children were born to him, and with the advent of the youngest child, Lydia, e mot ei took hei flight to the spirit land. Mr. Sprick drowned his sorrow as well as he could in hard work, and made gradual progress to a more pros¬ perous condition of life. In the fall of 1881 he went back to Germany, where he found another wife, being married May 21, 1882, to Margaret Klein. With her and her parents he returned to the United States soon after his marriage, and continued to reside in Belvidere Township, Goodhue County until the fall of 1887. He then rented the Follett farm in Mt. Pleasant Township, Wabasha County, and was engaged in its operation until 1891. By that time he was becoming prosperous and attracting attention as a man bound to make his way in the world. His next move was to buy the farm on which he died, an improved farm of 160 acres in section 30, Mt. Pleasant Township. There was a fairly good house, but after he had lived in it a while it burned down, and he then erected the present residence, a good, two-story frame structure, substantial and commodious. Other improvements, which he added from time to time, and which now stand on the place, were a frame barn, 30 by 40 by 18 feet in dimensions; a horse barn, 30 by 76 by 16; a granary, 24 by 30 by 12, with a lean-to for tools, 16 by 30; a stave silo, garage, and ice-house, and another residence, 18 by 26, in which his wife's mother now lives, the father, Mr. Klein, having died about 1905. As a general farmer, stock raiser and dairyman, Mr. Sprick made a good record, and continued at work until 1911, when he rented the farm to his son, John, and until his death he and his wife enjoyed a wellearned leisure. Though not a strong party man, he usually voted the Republican ticket, and he and his family were members of the Zumbro Falls M. E. Church, and widely known as useful and respected members of the community. Mr. Sprick was no advocate of race suicide, but, on the contrary, obeyed the scrip¬ tural command to "increase and multiply," having been the father of eighteen children, five by his first wife and thirteen by his second. All those by his first wife, except one, are now living. They were: Fred, a resident of Lake City; Metta, wife of Henry Luckow of Red Wing; Claus, of Lake City; Minnie, now deceased, who was the wife of Albert Smith of Minneapolis; and Lydia, now Mrs. John Weick of Mt. Pleasant Township. The children by the second Mrs. Sprick have been as follows: Christopher, born June 9, 1883, who died January 13, 1895; Sophia, born October 10, 1884, who is the wife of John Heitman of Mt. Pleasant Township; Margaret, born April 2, 1886, who married Fred Holst of the State of Washington, and died January 31, 1913; John, born April 22, 1887, who is operating the home farm; Henry, born February 8, 1889, now a carpenter residing at home, who was in the World War, serving in France, and in Germany in the army of occupation, and who returned home June 22, 1919; Anna, now Mrs. John Fick of Zumbro Falls; Lillian, born August 15, 1892, who is the wife of Arthur Belmont, of Lake City; Raymond, born July 12, 1894, a farmer and engineer living in Mt. Pleasant Township, and who is married; Amanda, born May 14, 1896, now Mrs. Clarence Klenwood of Dumont, Minn.; Emma, born November 19, 1898, now Mrs. Harold O'Brien of Mt. Pleasant Township; Alfred, born January 6, 1901, who died April 10, 1903; Harry, born April 6, 1903, and Elda, born April 25, 1905, the two last mentioned residing at home. The fact that so few have died out of so large a family gives evidence of good stock on both sides, and it may be added that all the children were well brought up, the survivors reflecting credit on their parents.

Paul Casparis, superintendent of the Wabasha County Poor Farm, was born in Wabasha City, this county, December 9, 1870, son of Paul and Ocenia Casparis. Coming to Minnesota from Germany in 1860, the parents located in Wabasha, where the father followed the occupation of school teacher and dealt in machinery and insurance. Such were his business pursuits for over thirty .years except two years which he spent in Big Waumandee Valley, Buffalo County, Wis., engaged in farming. He died in Wabasha in 1891, and was survived by his wife, who is now living in South Wabasha. They had four children: Octavia, now Mrs. John Schallenberg of Wabasha; Paul, subject of this sketch; Anna, wife of Ernest Morin of Wabasha, and Catherine, who is the widow of Bert Edwards and lives in Wabasha. Paul Casparis acquired his education in the common school of Wabasha. He was about 14 years old when his father died and was independently active in industrial pursuits there¬ after, following any profitable employment. On June 18, 1896, he was united in marriage with Caroline Bott, daughter of Frederick and Minnie Bott, both of Wabasha, where he and his wife began housekeeping. In the same year he began work for R. E. Jones, in the latter's grain and coal business and so continued for a number of years. In 1903 he was made electrican and given charge of that part of the business, Mr. Jones then operating the lighting system of the city, including business places and private homes. In that occupation he con¬ tinued until 1908. After that he worked one year in a lumber yard, and at the end of that time rented a farm in Wabasha Township, which he operated until the end of the year 1916. In the following spring he entered the employ of the county in his present position as superintendent of the county poor farm and has continued in that capacity up to the present time, giving good satis¬ faction. He is the owner of a nice residence property in Wabasha. Mr. and Mrs. Casparis are the parents of four children: Hazel Fayette, born October 30, 1897; Thelma Ruth, born September 15, 1901; Alleyn lone, born September 23, 190/, and Anna Louise, born August 13, 1915. Hazel Fayette, who was graduated from the Wabasha High School and the Normal Training School, was a teacher for one year and is now living with her parents. Thelma Ruth and Alleyn lone are attending school in Wabasha. Mr. Casparis was reared a German Lutheran in religious faith, but he and his family are now affiliated with the Congregational church. Mrs. Casparis has lost both her parents, her father having died in Wabasha, January 1, 1902, and her mother in Minneapolis, June 30, 1919. The father was a miller by trade. Mr. Casparis has two sisters and a brother, namely: August, in California; Anna now Mrs. Chalmers Robb of Minneapolis; and Louise, who married Robert English.

William Schultz, an early settler in Plainview Township, and now a well known and respected resident of Plainview village, was born in Germany Octo¬ ber 15, 1848. He came to the United States in 1855, settling in Milwaukee, Wis. From there in the early sixties he came to Minnesota, and for some time i esided at Potsdam in Olmsted County. In 1870, being then a young man of' 22 \ ears, and his own master, he began farming for himself, buying 240 acres in section 27, Plainview Township, Wabasha County. There he was engaged in agricultural pursuits for 47 years, or until his retirement in 1917, by which time he owned 700 acres, having from time to time made additional' land pur¬ chases. By industry, perseverance and thrift he acquired a competence, and is now enjoying a well earned leisure as a resident of Plainview village. Mr. Schuhz was married in 1878 to Ernestenia Rosolack, and he and his wife have had five children: Clara, now Mrs. August Fenske; Amanda and Edward; Reno, wife of Albert Rietlor, and Orlanda, who is living at home. Mr. Schultz and his family are members of the German Lutheran church.

Edward J. Schultz, whose career as a farmer in Plainview Township has been maiked by enterprise and rewarded with a high measure of success, was born in this township, February 2, 1884, son of William and Ernestenia (Roso¬ lack) Schultz. He was educated in the Plainview village school. After assist¬ ing his father on the home farm until 1909, he began his independent career b\ renting a farm of 240 acres in sections 10 and 15, Plainview Township, v ieh faim he afterwards purchased. In 1917 he traded that farm for another of the same size, also located in Plainview Township, in section 27, on which he is now living. Here he has continued in general farming and stock raising, eeping a good herd of Hereford cattle, with a full blooded sire at the head. He is doing a prosperous business and has improved his place by the erection of a new residence and out-buildings. He was married, June 12, 1912, to Ida oehlke, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Boehlke, of Plainview Township. He and his wife are the parents of three children: Le Etta L., born May 5, 1913; William E., born June 11, 1915; and Dorothy M., born May 5, 1918. The family

Arthur H. Davis, for a number of years one of the hard-working and suc¬ cessful farmers of Plainview Township, who has recently passed away, was born in this township, December 12, 1866, son of Daniel M. and Virginia (Hale) Davis. The parents, natives respectively of New York and Virginia, at an early day took a claim with Jonathan Fisk in Plainview Township, this county, of which they were pioneers. Both are now deceased, the father having passed away in 1909, and the mother in 1872. Arthur H. Davis was educated in the local schools, and until the age of 26 years resided on his parents' farm, except for one year which he spent in Chicago. He then bought out a livery business in Plainview, which he carried on for about three years. In the year ±900 he gave it up and bought a farm of 100 acres in Olmsted County, where he was engaged in agriculture until 1915. He then sold that farm and bought one of 160 acres in Plainview Township, Wabasha County, on which he made improve¬ ments, conducting it successfully until his death. That event was to some extent unexpected even by himself. During his early years he had taken a prominent part in athletic sports, in which he obtained a reputation among his associates. Stout of heart, and apparently with a rugged constitution, he had for many years easily performed the strenuous labors of farm life. But the dread disease, tuberculosis, which is no repecter of persons, attacked him about a year ago. He spent a few months at the Wabasha Sanitarium, and for a time seemed greatly improved. After returning home he continued to gain in health, but about eight days before his death he was seized with a severe hemorrhage, which was followed by others, and at 5 :30 o'clock, on Mon¬ day afternoon, March 15, 1920, he passed away, the news coming as a shock to his many life-long friends, few of whom knew that he was ill. Mr. Davis was a man of strong character and type of manhood, vigorous in the pursuit of any undertaking to which he gave his mind. Successful as a farmer and valued as a neighbor and friend, his personality and service to the community will not soon be forgotten. His funeral services were conducted by the Rev. J. L. Jones of the Congregational church, and interment was made in Greenwood Cemetery. Mr. Davis was married on June 26, 1895, to Carrie G. Boyd, who was born in Plainview, December 10, 1872, daughter of H. P. and Florence (Hamlin) Boyd. Her father and mother were natives respectively of Pennsylvania and Maine, the former settling in this county in 1866. They were married in Wabasha December 22, 1867, and were subsequently the parents of five chil¬ dren: Minot, Hattie, Carrie G., Olive Blanche, Chatfield M. and Walton H. Minot is now deceased. Hattie is the wife of Fred Minck, of Winona. Carrie G. is now the widow of Arthur Hale Davis, subject of this sketch. Blanche married William Druey. Walton H. is residing in Plainview. H. P. Boyd, the father of Mrs. Davis, died June 10, 1909. The latter's mother is still living and resides with her. To Mr. and Mrs. Arthur H. Davis five children were born: Dorothy Leone, September 30, 1896; Florence Virginia, February 16, 1899; Kenneth Arthur, June 16, 1902; Alton Hamlin, June 19, 1904, and Alice Hale, February 18, 1911. Dorothy Leone is the wife of George H. Vermilya and has one child, Shirley J. The other children are residing at home with their mother. The religious affiliations of the family are with the Congrega¬ tional church, to which Mr. Davis belonged. Politically he was a Republican, but his activities were more along the lines of business and home making than in politics, and in those spheres of action his work was well and faithfully done.

James M. Christison, one of the thriving farmers of Plainview Township, where he has resided for 29 years, was born in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, March 27, 1867, son of Thomas and Jane (Miller) Christison. The parents were Wisconsin farmers who were married in that state, and who are both now deceased, the father having passed away in 1908 and the mother in 1915. James M. received his education in the district schools of Waukesha County, and resided at home on his parents' farm until 22 years of age. He then worked out for two years, after which, in 1891, he came to Wabasha County. After working four years for others in this county, he began independent farming, buying 80 acres in section 30, Plainview Township. On that farm he resided until 1912, making good progress financially. When he sold it he bought his present farm of 160 acres, one-half of which lies in section 7 and the other half in section 18. Here he is following mixed farming and dairying, having a herd of 30 Guernsey cattle with a full blooded sire, and also raising Poland-China hogs. With a good practical knowledge of the business and abundant industry, he is well advanced on the road of prosperity. For three years he has served as clerk on the school board of his district. On February 13, 1901, Mr. Christison was united in marriage with Inga M. Christensen, who was born near Co¬ penhagen, Denmark, May 16, 1879. In 1882 she came to Appleton, Minn., with her parents and resided there nine years, then went to Paynesville, Minn., where she resided until two years before her marriage. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Christison are: Mary J., born October 24, 1902; Florence, July 19, 1904; Alice, September 14, 1906; Helen, November 6, 1908; Lester J., March 6, 1911; and Charles M., February 7, 1915. Mr. Christison and his family are members of the Congregational church. They are people of wide acquaintance, highly esteemed in Plainview Township and the vicinity.

Joseph Richardson, a notable pioneer of Elgin Township, now deceased, was born in Topsham, Vt., July 1, 1832. His early life was spent on the home farm and in attending the common school. At an early age he sold the old home farm for his parents and set out to try his fortune in the great North¬ west. This was in 1854, and he went first to Barrington, Ill., where he had an uncle for whom he worked two years. In 1856 he came to Wabasha County, Minn., and pre-empted land in sections 22 and 23, Elgin Township. Then re¬ turning to Vermont, he remained there two years, and settled here permanently with his family in 1858. On March 24, that year, he married Ursula E., daugh¬ ter of Stephan and Susan Miles, and that summer they spent near Janesville, Wis., moving to Minnesota in the fall. His wife was a native of Waterbury, Vt., born February 28, 1835. Mr. and Mrs. Richardson started housekeeping in a little log house that was the pioneer log cabin of the township, having been built by the Bryants, and their farm was what is now known as the J. Q. Rich¬ ardson place. There they remained for a little over three years, and in Feb¬ ruary, 1862, moved to the farm about a mile northeast of town, the place Mr. Richardson took as a homestead. For seven years Mr. Richardson conducted farming operations with his brother, to whom he sold an undivided one-half and gained a capital to work on. No books were kept, and at the end of the seven years they divided land (then embracing 280 acres), stock and tools in half a day without words or disagreement of any kind. Mr. Richardson was a shrewd and successful farmer, and from an early day he combined grain rais¬ ing and stock raising, to which he owed much of his success. Another branch of his business was the raising of fine horses, of which he shipped a number of car loads east. He and his wife remained on the old homestead until 1905, when they moved to Elgin village. On March 24, 1908, they celebrated their fiftieth wedding anniversary, on which occasion 108 guests were present, in¬ cluding many relatives from distant points. Forty-one of the whole number present bore the name of Richardson. It was a notable gathering and the occasion was one long to be remembered by all who participated in it. A bountiful dinner was served, the tables being decorated with white roses, and the names of all the guests were taken down in a dainty little hand-painted book, prepared by Mrs. R. W. Richardson especially for the occasion. Some humorous verses, historically reminiscent, and composed by H. A. Dike, of Spokane, Wash., were read by him during the afternoon, this event taking place on the old home farm then operated by his son Frank. Mr. Richardson .was a charter member of the Elgin Masonic lodge. He was politically a life¬ long Democrat. For six years he served his town as constable, and as town supervisor for two years. He was the senior member of the firm of Richardson

Mr. And Mrs. Joseph Richardson

Bros., a grain firm established in Elgin when the railroad went through in 1878. The firm name was changed to Richardson Brothers & Son in 1899. The Richardson farm, consisting of 340 acres, on which his son, Frank J., resided until the fall of 1919, is one of the finest farm homes in the township. Early in 1915 Mr. Richardson's health began to fail, and the last time he was able to get down town was on December 2, after which he was confined to his bed. The end came on Thursday morning, March 30, 1916, when he was relieved from his sufferings, which he had borne with patience and fortitude. Besides his wife, he left six children to mourn his loss, namely: Susan S., (now deceased), wife of D. W. Searles ; Clara C., wife of D. G. Ellsbury, of Lucca, N. D.; Lenora, wife of H. A. Filkins; William H. and Frank J. of Elgin, and Dr. Walter E. Richardson of Slayton. Thomas S., another son, died when about 14 years old. He was also survived by one brother, Charles S. Richardson, the only one remaining of a family of 20 children. Mrs. Ursula E. Richardson survived her husband but a little over four years, passing away at her home in Elgin village, on Monday afternoon, April 26, 1920, at 2:30 o'clock. She had been active up to her eightyfifth birthday. On the day following she contracted a severe cold, which ter¬ minated in pneumonia, and from the weakness following this she never re¬ covered. During her sickness she was always sweet, patient and hopeful and ever mindful of others, which were well known characteristics of her whole life. The funeral services were conducted from the home on Wednesday after¬ noon, the Rev. E. W. Haley, pastor of the M. E. church, officiating. The remains were laid to rest in the Elgin cemetery.

Nicholas Edward Bricher, cashier and director of the Theilman State Bank, and a man who has had a long and honorable business career, was born in Highland Township, Wabasha County, Minn., March 3, 1878, son of John and Mary Bricher. The father and mother were natives respectively of Luxemburg and Bohemia. The former, John Bricher, came to Wabasha County in 1855 among the pioneers, locating on a tract of wild "script land. In early days, besides improving his property and building up a farm, he taught school for some time. His career was a very successful one. He erected good buildings on his place and developed an excellent farm, and for four years served the county as register of deeds, during that period residing in Wabasha. He died in Kellogg, Minn., in March, 1915. His wife, Mary, came to America as a young girl with her parents, the family settling in Glasgow Township, close to the Bricher home in Highland Township. She is now living with her two daughters in Pasadena, Cal. Mr. and Mrs. John Bricher had ten childien. Elizabeth, now Mrs. John Klein of Highland Township; Frank, who is engaged in the truck farming business at Kellogg; Joseph, who is conducting a fruit farm at Cottage Grove, Ore.; Mary, wife of Andrew McDonough of Highland Township; John D., of Kellogg, who is president of the Minneapolis firm of Lydon, Bricher Manufacturing Co., manufacturers of table pads; Anna, now Mrs. Coleman Lydon, of Pasadena, Cal.; Susan B., wife of Thomas Lydon, of the same place; Nicholas Edward, of Theilman, Minn.; Catherine, wife of John Schneider, of Pasadena, Cal.; and Christopher C., a member of the Lydon, Bricher Co., of Minneapolis, where he resides. Nicholas Edward Bricher acquired his elementary education in the common school, and was subsequently a student at the Wabasha high school and the La Crosse Business College. About 1896 he became manager of the New Wabasha Lumber Co.'s business at Theilman, and was with that company for four years. Then in the spring of 1900 he went with the American Malting Co., of Winona, as manager of theii business at Theilman. After a while, however, that company sold their Theil¬ man interests to the Western Grain & Elevator Co. of Winona, and Mr. Brichei was manager of the Theilman interests of the latter company up to 1911. In June of the year last mentioned he became cashier of the Theilman State Bank, of which institution he was one of the organizers and incorporators, and this position he has since retained. The village of Theilman has found in him an active and useful citizen, mindful of its interest. He owns a good home here and he and his family enjoy social popularity. Mr. Bricher was married July 19, 1904, to Mary J. Kinsella, who was born in Oakwood Township, May 27, 1862, daughter of Matthew and Catherine (Finley) Kinsella, now of Theilman. He owns a good home in the village. He and his wife are members of the Catholic church. For three years he was treasurer of the school board, and for several years was a member of the board of directors of the Lydon, Bricher Manufac¬ turing Company of Minneapolis, of which he is a stockholder. He is always ready to support any practical project for the welfare and advancement of the community in which he resides.

Dennis Kinsella, one of the early settlers in Oakwood Township, now re¬ tired and living in Plainview village, was born in County Wicklow, Ireland, August 10, 1848, son of Daniel and Catherine (Delany) Kinsella. In 1855, at the age of about seven years, he accompanied his parents to the United States, the family landing at New Orleans, where they remained for a year. They then came up the river to Alton, Illinois, which place they made their home until 1862, when they came to Wabasha County, Minnesota, settling on land in Oakwood Township. Dennis Kinsella was then about 14 years old, and he soon began to make himself useful on the farm, working for his father until he reached the age of twenty-two. He then farmed a 40-acre tract in Highland township, and after selling it, he bought a farm of 160 acres in Oakwood town¬ ship, on which he made extensive and valuable improvements, erecting a new set of buildings, including a house, barn and outbuildings, also fencing the entire farm. There he was engaged in agricultural pursuits until 1911, except for a period of ten years, during which he worked at the carpenter's trade in St. Paul. As a general farmer and stock raiser he was successful and became widely known. He served as supervisor on the Highland town board, and was clerk of the school board in Oakwood township for a number of years, and belongs to the Old Settlers' Association of Greenwood Prairie. He took up his residence in Plainview in 1911, and where he and his wife now live with their adopted daughter, Mrs. George Neinow. In 1918 he sold his farm. Mr. Kinsella was married July 24, 1870, to Catherine Feehan, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Feehan. They were natives of Tipperary, Ireland, and came to the United States in 1867, settling in Oakwood township, Wabasha county, on a farm which they homesteaded, and here spent the rest of their lives, she passing away August 18, 1888, and he on January 11, 1890. Mr. and Mrs. Kinsella, and their adopted daughter, Mrs. Neinow, are members of the Catholic church.

Cyrus G. Helgerson, a member of the well known mercantile firm of Squire & Helgerson, of Mazeppa, was born in Freeport, Iowa, August 4, 1879, son of Hans and Rose (Olson) Helgerson. The parents were natives of Christiania, Norway, the mother coming to the United States in 1866 with her parents. At about the same time her future husban.d, Hans Helgerson, settled on a home¬ stead with his parents on Greenwood Prairie, near Plainview, Wabasha County, Minn. He was a Clergyman and subsequently went from this county to Iowa, to take charge of a Methodist church there. It proved to be his last charge, as he died at Freeport, that state, in 1882, leaving two children: Anna, now the wife of A. F. Poison, of Minneapolis; and Cyrus G., of Mazeppa. After Hans Helgerson's death his widow married J. A. Olin, of Belvidere, Goodhue County, Minn., and in 1886 moved with her husband to Millville, in which vicinity she now resides on a farm. By her marriage with Mr. Olin she has two children, Phoebe and Edna. Phoebe is the wife of C. A. Poison, and Edna resides in Minneapolis. Cyrus G. Helgerson was reared chiefly at Millville, residing on the Olin farm with his mother and step-father. He attended the district school and subsequently took a course in a commercial college at Lake City. He remained on the farm engaged in agriculture until arriving at the age of 21, and then became clerk in the store of E. N. York at Hammond. In 1902 he came to Mazeppa and became clerk with Phillips & Co., remaining with that concern until Mr. Phillips sold out his business. The next three years Mr. Helgerson spent in Canada, and then returning to Mazeppa, entered the employ of Herman & Squire, for whom he worked as clerk until 1917. He then pur¬ chased a half interest in the store, which has since been conducted under the style of Squire & Helgerson. The firm carries a full line of dry goods, shoes, men's furnishings, ladies' "ready-to-wear," and groceries, and enjoys a good patronage. Mr. Helgerson was married at Zumbrota, Minn., in June, 1913, to Elizabeth Stecher, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Theodore Stecher. Her parents, who were early settlers in the town of Womamingo, Goodhue County, are now living in Virginia. They had six daughters, Elizabeth, Emma, Edna, Alma, Laura and Esther, all of whom are now living.

Ernest Raymond and Archie Glenn Ames, proprietors of a 320-acre stock farm in section 30, Minneiska Township, are well known throughout south¬ eastern Minnesota as successful swine and cattle breeders. They were born at Gilmanton, Buffalo County, Wisconsin. Ernest R. on January 30, 1880, and Archie G. on June 10, 1882. The parents were Alonzo G. and Emma (Hyatt) Ames. The father, born in the state of Maine in 1836, was of English ancestry, and when young came with his parents to Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, where about 1848 they settled on a farm. There Alonzo G. was brought up and re¬ mained until reaching the age of 21. His marriage to Emma Hyatt occurred September 25, 1859, and soon after that event he went with his wife to Missouri. A year and a half later the Civil War broke out, but Alonzo G. Ames saw the trend of events, and before Fort Sumter was fired on, he escaped in the night, accompanied by his wife, in order to avoid forcible enlistment in the Home Guard. After reaching Wisconsin he enlisted in the First Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry and served with that regiment until the close of the war. It was at¬ tached to the Army of the Tennessee and Mr. Ames served under Generals Meade, Buell and Rosekranz, taking part in the principal battles participated in by that army, including that of Chattanooga. Near Hingham, Sheboygan County, Wis., he bought a farm of 90 acres, on which he resided nine years. At the end of that time he removed with his family to Buffalo County, in the same state, and for about nine years operated a farm of 300 acres in Gilman Valley, near Alma. He then sold out, intending to go to Nebraska, but, having changed his mind, took a farm of 201 acres in Dover Township, Buffalo County, which property still remains in the family. Alonzo G. Ames died very suddenly on January 9, 1906. He and his wife were the parents of six children': Minerva E., born in Missouri, November 11, 1860, and now Mrs. L. J. Patterson, of St. Charles, Minn.; Eulah Ethel, born August 11, 1866, who married Warren Alt, of Mondovi Township, Buffalo County, Wis., and is now residing in Los Angeles, Calif.; Mary L., born August 13, 1869, who is also a resident of Los Angeles; Charlotte E., born November 12, 1872, who is the wife of Christian A. Berg, residing in Hollywood, a suburb of Los Angeles; and Ernest Raymond and Archie Glenn, the dates of whose nativity have been already given. The sub¬ jects of this sketch both attended school in Dover Township, Buffalo County, Wis., Ernest Raymond also taking three terms in the agricultural college at Madison, and Archie Glenn one term in the Winona Business College. Under their father's instructions and direction, they acquired a good practical knowledge of agriculture and stock raising, and after his death remained for one year on the farm in Dover Township, Buffalo County. They then came to Minnesota, Ernest R., or Ray, as he is usually called in the family, becoming clerk in the hardware store of C. A. Berg, his brother-in-law, at Winona. Within a year or two Mr. Berg sold out and went to California, and the two brothers, in 1909, formed a partnership and took their present farm, which they have since operated, making a specialty of stock breeding. In this line of industry they have made a wide reputation, and their sales are attended by farmers from many miles around and all parts of the United States. At one of these sales, in September, 1919, they sold 55 head of swine, realizing an aggregate sum of $15,210. This is said to have been one of the largest sales ever held in the state. On January 27, 1920, 37 head of hogs were sold for $22,470, an average price of $607 per head, the highest average attained in the state to that time, one sow selling for $2,525. On March 2, 1920, 42 head sold for $25,100, including Leader of Fashion, the boar which sold to the Underwood Farm, of Lake City, for $10,000 and other consideration valued at $2,500. This is the world's record price for under one year old boar; it was sired by Premier Sensation. During the winter of 1919-20 the Ames Brothers purchased at lead¬ ing sales in different states about $30,000 worth of breeding sows, paying for one $4,000, which is the highest price sow in the state. They figure on about four sales a year, all sales being held on the home farm. They keep on an average about 400 Duroc-Jersey hogs, and about 100 head of cattle of the Guernsey breed; the hogs being registered, high-priced stock, and the cattle part registered and part grade stock. Before engaging in the breeding of reg¬ istered stock, the Ames brothers were engaged in the silo business, erecting many silos in Wabasha County and southern Minnesota. When they first came to their present farm, it had been rented out for 20 years previously, and was in a poor and dilapidated condition, the land being overgrown with wild oats, mustard, and other weeds, and for some time it was uphill work to get the place into good shape. This task, however, they have accomplished, and now have a splendid piece of property, with excellent buildings of modern type. Archie G. is secretary of the local creamery at Weaver, and of the State Duroc Association, and both brothers belong to the Modern Woodmen and to the Odd Fellows. Ernest Raymond Ames was married, in May, 1907, to Clara Kahl, of Winona, daughter of H. G. Kahl, and has three children: Ronald, aged 12 years; Charlotte, aged 8, and Roberta, aged 3. Archie Glenn Ames was mar¬ ried, at Mondovi, Wis., October 25, 1911, to Emma A. LaDuke, and has three children: Eleanor Ailee, born November 6, 1913; Glenna Jean, born May 24, 1915; and Audrey Emma, born May 7, 1917. Mrs. Emma Ames, the widowed mother of the Ames brothers, resides with them on the farm during summers and the winters in California with her daughters.

Since the above article was written news has been received of the death of Ernest Raymond Ames, who passed away at the Winona General Hospital, on Wednesday, June 30, 1920, after an operation for appendicitis, performed on the previous Sunday at midnight. The funeral was held Friday afternoon, July 2, from the home, and burial was at Hillside Cemetery, Minneiska. Hosts of relatives and friends from the immediate neighbors and surrounding states attended. The Rev. Jesse Kenderdine, of Winona, and Rev. Stanley Kenderdine, of Minneiska, conducted the services. At the cemetery the I. O. O. F. Ledge of Plainview performed the ceremonies according to the ritual of the Order.

William B. Heagerty, Jr., M. D., who for the last ten years has been suc¬ cessfully engaged in medical practice in Mazeppa, was born in Cork, Ireland, June 25, 1876, son of William and Elizabeth (McBride) Heagertj^. The parents came to the United States with their family in 1900, settling in Minneapolis. In 1910 they went to Long Beach, California, where they have since resided. They had six children - four sons and two daughters. Those now living are: George, residing in Tacoma, Wash.; Harry, of Oakland, Calif.; Maud, wife of 1 ranklin Miller, of Pasadena, Calif.; William B., of Mazeppa; and Marian, residing with her parents at Long Beach, Calif. A son, Kingston, died in 1905. William B. Heagerty was 23 years old when he came to Minneapolis with his parents. He was equipped with a good education, the foundation for which had been laid in the common schools of his native land, and supplemented by a course at Queen's College, at Cork, Ireland. He had been subsequently gradu¬ ated M. D. from Edinburgh University, Scotland, and after coming to Minnesota he took a post-graduate course in the University of Minnesota. In the year 1900 he commenced the practice of his profession at Lander, Wyoming, where he remained one year. Then returning to Minneapolis, he practiced there six years, coming to Mazeppa in 1910. Here he has demonstrated his ability as a competent physician and surgeon, built up a good practice, and won a wide personal popularity. On June 6, 1917, Dr. Heagerty enlisted in the American service, as first lieutenant in the medical service; was promoted to captain November 7, 1917, and to major, March 6, 1918. Assigned to the 89th Division, he was first stationed at Camp Funston, went abroad with his division in June, 1918, was at the front in France, in command of Field Hospital No. 355, and returned home in 1919, being honorably discharged on June 18. He then re¬ sumed medical practice in Mazeppa. He is a member of the Masonic order, in which he has advanced as far as the Commandery. Since coming to- Mazeppa he has identified himself closely with public affairs, and proved himself a man of force and useful activity. He was four years president of the village coun¬ cil during which period the municipal electric light and power system was in¬ stalled with 24 hour service. This was in 1916, and in March, 1920, Dr. Heag¬ erty was again elected president of the village over M. J. Hart. In 1920 also he was a delegate to the Wabasha County Convention, and to the Minnesota State Republican Convention at St. Paul. On June 16, 1919, Dr. Heagerty was united in marriage with Dora E. Schwitz, of Wabasha, daughter of George and Elisa Schwitz, who were early settlers in this county. She is one of a fami y of six children, those now living, in addition to herself, being Ann, Elise Maigaret and John, the last mentioned being a student at Carleton College. There was another son who died in infancy. The father, George Schwitz, died m 1914, but his wife is still living, and is a resident of Wabasha.

Roy L. Irish, one of the progressive young farmers of Plamview Township, residing in section 11, was born in Winona County June 25, 1883, son of Charles and Ellen (Smith) Irish. Clark Irish, grandfather of Roy, was a native of New York State, and his grandmother Irish, whose maiden name was Stone, came from Ohio. They came to Winona County, Minnesota, in pioneer days and followed the occupation of farmers. In Winona County their son Charles was born and reared, and he subsequently came to Wabasha County, wJ^ere mar ried Ellen Smith, and followed farming for 25 years. Their only child Roy subject of this sketch. In 1887 Mrs. Irish died, and he subsequently married Adella Warner, of Wabasha County, by whom he has one son, Fied, a farmer in Winona County. Roy L. Irish was educated in the rural schools and the public schools at Plainview. Subsequently he took up agricultural work cn his parents' farm, which he operated for two years. He then went to Alma Center, Jackson County, Wis., where he farmed for five years. At the end of that time he returned to the home farm of 80 acres m section 11, Plamview Township, Wabasha County, which he has since been engaged in operating with good success. He is a member of the local Shipping and Creamery associations, also of the Fair association, and is active in all matters relating to his business or to the interest of the township and county. While living in Wisconsin he served on the school board of his district, and also an unexpired term as town clerk. He is recognized by his fellow citizens as one of the rising young men of Plainview Township, and has made a big stride on the road to prosperity. Mr Irish laid the foundations of a home on September 6, 1904, when he was united in marriage with Katherine Steffes, of Highland Township, Wabasha County, who was born June 16, 1883. He and his wife are the parents of nine children, the three youngest of whom, Iva G., Ila K. and Ina A., are tnplets, born Tulv 8 1918 Their birth attracted much attention and interest throughoTthis locality.' The other six children are: Alta E January 17 1906; Wesley C October 28, 1907; Ella M., September 5, 1909; Alvin, April 20, 1911, Erwin September 25, 1913; and Charles September 3, 1915. All the children are living and healthy, and in the clean and wholesome environment of country life give bright promise of developing into useful men and women. Mr Irish is fraternally affiliated with the Masons and Odd Fellows in Plainview.

William Phillips, who during the last few years has made good progress along agricultural lines as proprietor of a farm of 160 acres in section 29, Lake Township, was born in Scotland in January, 1857, son of George and Ellen Phillips. His youthful days were spent among the North Hills of Banffshire, where his father was a small farmer, and he received very little education. In 1874, at the age of 17, he accompanied his parents to America and in 1868, came with them to Lake City, the father renting land in the vicinity. There were five other children in the family besides the subject of this sketch: Mary, now the wife of John Smith, a farmer of Lyon County; George and Alexander, who are living now in Alta, Canada; Ellen, who married George Wilson, but is now deceased; John, resides in Millelacs County, Minn., engaged in the machine and implement business, and James, who is an attorney in Lake City. William found employment as a farm hand with James Gray of West Albany, for whom he worked one year, and as farm laborer or renter he spent a number of years in that township. From 1906 until the fall of 1914 he was in the employ of the Jewell Nursery Co. Then in 1915 he bought the Stadey place of 160 acres in section 29, Lake Township, four and a half miles south of Lake City, which is his present property. The land is all tillable and there is a fair frame house, with a barn, granary, poultry house, and stave silo. Here Mr. Phillips does general farming, keeping grade Guernsey cattle, Duroc-Red swine, and Shrop¬ shire and Oxford sheep. His operating equipment is good and he is making progress, each year finding him farther advanced on the road of prosperity. Politically he is a Republican with liberal tendencies, sometimes voting for the man rather than for the party. He was reared a Presbyterian, but he and his family attend the Congregational church. Mr. Phillips was married in Decem¬ ber, 1885, to Agnes Miller of West Albany Township. He and his wife have five children: Ella May, now Mrs. Wesley Lamb of Lake Township; Charlotte Ann, who had had a high and normal school education and is now a teacher; Florence Jeanette, a nurse in the Lake City Hospital; Bessie Maud, wife of Charles McGarry, a lumber dealer of Bain, Minn. ; and William M., who married Grace Elizabeth Walters, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J. L. Walters of Lake City, and is now in partnership with his father on the farm. He spent a year in the Minnesota Agricultural College. He and his wife have a son, Stanley, who was born February 19, 1919. All Mr. Phillips' children were carefully brought up and were given a good education, and are a credit to the name they bear.