Wabasha County, Minnesota - Biographical sketches, 1920 (part 17 of 27)

William Goihl, a well known and prosperous farmer residing in section 10, West Albany Township, was born on the farm he now owns and operates, October 26, 1877, son of Carl and Anna (Schader) Goihl. The parents were early immigrants in this county, coming from Germany, and the father, who was a blacksmith by trade, conducted a shop in addition to farming. He be¬ came prosperous, and finally retired in 1908, removing to Lake City, where he owns a fine residence. He and his wife Anna have had four childien. William, subject of this sketch; Carl, who is deceased; Paul, a well-to-do farmer in Lake Townishp; and Anna, now Mrs. Frank Ramer, of Pepin Township. William Goihl in his boyhood attended school in the Scotch Settlement neai his home, continuing his studies to the age of seventeen. He remained on the home farm, and until he was thirty, assisted his father, In 1908, on the father's retirement, he bought the property and has since operated it on his own account. It con¬ tains 160 acres of cultivated land and 20 acres of timber. It is well stocked with grade Shorthorn cattle and Chester-White hogs, and the operating equip¬ ment is modern and complete, the farm being one of the best in West Albany Township, both as to the buildings and the productiveness of the soil. Mr. Goihl is one of the prominent citizens of his township, where he has lived all his life. He is chairman of the district school board. Aside from his direct farming interests he is a stockholder in the Lake City Co-operative Creamery and in the Farmers' Co-operative Elevator Co. of Theilman village, and a stock¬ holder in the Terminal Packing Co. of Newport, Minn. He owns and operates a threshing outfit for himself and neighbors, and is a member of the Knights of Columbus. In politics he is independent. Mr. Goihl was married November 10, 1908, to Elizabeth Schmidt, daughter of Carl and Anna Schmidt, of Glasgow Township, where she was born March 9, 1884. He and his wife have three children: Carl, born September 27, 1919; Julius, born November 23, 1912, and Dorothy, born March 31, 1918. Mr. Goihl and his family are members of the Catholic church and of St. Joseph's parish at Theilman.

William J. Schmoker, a large land owner and well-to-do citizen of Green¬ field Township, now living retired, after a successful career in agriculture, was born in Fountain City, Wis., September 8, 1863. His parents, Paul and Rose (Staili) Schmoker, were natives of Pennsylvania who settled in Wisconsin in 1853, and who spent the rest of their lives in farming. They have both died within recent years, the mother in 1905 and the father in 1906. They had eight children, Jacob, John, Anna, Mary, William, Paul, Frederick and Lora, of whom Jacob and Anna are now dead. William J. Schmoker was educated in the dis¬ trict school, and subsequently worked a number of years for his father. After that he rented the home farm for two years and worked it on his own account. He then went to South Dakota, where he remained six years engaged in similar pursuits. Returning to Minnesota at the end of that time, he located in Winona, where he worked six years in the Chicago & Northwestern railway shops. He then spent a. year in Plainview as an agent for agricultural ma¬ chinery. At the end of that time he determined to resume farming, and accordiingly bought 160 acres in section 30, Greenfield Township, Wabasha County, on which he made his start. Since then Mr. Schmoker has accumulated more land until he now owns 500 acres, on which he has erected all the buildings, besides fencing. He continued actively engaged in general farming and stock raising until 1919, when, having acquired a competency, he retired, turning over the management of the place to his son Paul, who is now operating it, Mr. and Mrs. Schmoker retaining their residence on it. They are Lutherans in religious faith, and Mr. Schmoker formerly served three years as a member of the Kellogg school board. Mr. Schmoker was married May 2, 1882, to Helen Martin, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Christian Martin. Her parents were natives of Ger¬ many who came to this country in the fifties and4 engaged in farming in Wis¬ consin, whence they came to Glasgow township, Wabasha county where they spent the rest of their lives, Mr. Martin dying in 1886 and Mrs. Martin in 1896. They were consistent members of the Lutheran church. Their children, eight in number, were Frederick, Albert, Herman, Ernestina, Helen, Minnie,

IEmma and Clara; Minnie is now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. William J. Schmoker were the parents of seven children, the living ones as follows: Paul, born March 3, 1884, now working the home farm; Clara, born February 23, 1885, who is the wife of Joe Schurhammer; William, born July 9, 1888, who owns a farm

[in Greenfield Township; Ralph, born July 15, 1894, of Indiana; Earl, born October 17, 1896, of Kellogg; and Vernie, born September 30, 1904. Vernie resides on the home farm. The family are members of the Lutheran church.

John N. Murdoch, the first city attorney of Wabasha, for many years one of the leading members of the bar of the county, and one of this city's early journalists, was a native of New England, having been born in Winchendon, Mass., September 23, 1831. He was graduated from Brown University, at Providence, R. I., in the class of 1852, being then in his twenty-first year, and soon afterwards cast his first presidential vote, which was for John P. Hale, of Massachusetts, the freesoil candidate in 1852. In 1854 he was graduated from the Albany Law School, at Albany, N. Y. Having decided to seek his fortune in the Northwest, he came immediately to St. Paul, Minn. Though he resided there but a year, his ability and the strength of his character were recognized by his fellow citizens, and in March, 1855, he was sent as a delegate to the con¬ vention that was held at St. Anthony (now Minneapolis) to organize the Repub¬ lican party in the then territory of Minnesota, and took an active part in its proceedings. To that party he maintained his allegiance to the end of his life. On Sept. 17, 1855, Mr. Murdoch was married to Cynthia A. Baldwin, of Auburn, N. Y., and in the following year he removed with his wife to Red Wing, where their first child, Mary E., was born December 20, 1856. With this child they came in 1857 to Wabasha, where Mr. Murdoch began law practice, establishing an office on Main street. In the following year the city of Wabasha was in¬ corporated and he became the first city attorney. In 1864 Mr. Murdoch headed the electoral ticket, as elector at large, for Lincoln and Johnson. From 1865 to 1867 he traveled in the South, and from 1869 to 1873 was postmaster of Wabasha. He then went to Kansas, where he resided with his family until 1876, but with the two exceptions mentioned his life subsequent to 1857 was spent in Wabasha. In the fall of 1893 Mr. Murdoch took his son, John W., into part¬ nership, and they practiced law together until his retirement in July, 1896. For several years while engaged in his law practice he was more or less connected with the press of the city, having charge of the editorial columns of the Wabasha Herald, under Sharpe and Palmer, from 1871 to 1873, and resuming similar duties in April, 1881. His death, which occurred January 21, 1898, deprived the city of Wabasha of one of its leading and most respected citizens whose activities had been closely connected with its progress and development up to that time. Though not a member, he attended with his family the Con¬ gregational church of this city. His wife passed away January 16, 1904. To Mr. and Mrs. John N. Murdoch were born four children, Mary E., December 20, 1856; William L., August 12, 1858; Emily T., April 1, 1861; and John Wales, June 22, 1869. Mary E., who is unmarried, is now teaching in the public schools of Duluth. William L. in 1875 entered the employ of the Samuel Cupples Woodenware Co. of St. Louis, Mo., and was with them for many years. He subsequently went to Birmingham, Ala., where he engaged in the brokerage business, which business he is still conducting. Emily T. graduated from Wellesley College, Mass., in the class of 1883, being the first native of Wabasha County to complete a collegiate course. She married D. L. Dawley, super¬ intendent of the Wabasha public schools, and afterwards of the public schools of St. Paul, in which city he took up the practice of law and for years was law editor with the West Publishing Co. there. He died in St. Paul, where his widow is still residing. John Wales Murdoch is now a member of the well known law firm of Murdoch and Lothrop of Wabasha.

John Wales Murdoch, who for the last 25 years has been engaged in the practice of law in Wabasha city, and is now a member of the flourishing law firm of Murdoch & Lothrop, was born in this city, June 22, 1869, son of John and Cynthia (Baldwin) Murdoch. His elementary education was acquired in the public schools of Wabasha. In 1883 he entered Carleton College at Northfield, Minn., where he was a student for three years. Then, at the age of 19, he went to Duluth, where for two years he was in the employ of the Wells- Stone Mercantile Company, dealers in hardware. Returning to Wabasha in 1888, he remained at home until the fall of 1890, when he entered the law de¬ partment of Michigan University at Ann Arbor, Mich., and was graduated therefrom in the class of 1893. In the fall of that year he was admitted to the bar of Minnesota, and entered into partnership with his father, John N. Murdoch, under the firm name of Murdoch & Murdoch. This partnership was continued until July, 1896, when the father retired and the son became asso- ciated with John F. McGovern in the firm of McGovern & Murdoch. The latter partnership was terminated by the death of Mr. McGovern on February 5, 1905, and John W. Murdoch subsequently practiced alone until May 1, 1916, when he became associated as a law partner with Hugh L. Lothrop of Mazeppa, and they have since carried on business under the style of Murdoch & Lothrop, occupy¬ ing the same offices that Mr. Murdoch's father occupied many years ago. The firm is a leading one in this section, having a large clientele, and Mr. Murdoch has personally gained a high reputation as an able lawyer. In politics he is a Republican. For several years he served as city attorney of Wabasha. For a number of years he has been secretary of special school district No. 1. He owns his own home in Wabasha, and also a cottage at Minneowah, just below Winona, where he and his family spend the summers, having been a member since 1902 of the Minneowah Club of Winona. His fraternal society affiliations are with Wapahassa Lodge, No. 14, A. F. & A. M., of Wabasha, and Rose Croix Lodge of Winona. During the recent period of war activities he served as government appeal agent for Wabasha County, also as chairman of the legal advisory board and was active in every phase of patriotic work. On September 22, 1898, Mr. Murdoch was united in marriage with Marie Lydia, daughter of John G. and Wilhelmina Klampe Bleifuss, of Olmsted County, Minnesota. For several years previous to her marriage Mrs. Murdoch taught in the public schools of Wabasha city. She is active in women's club work in this city and in various parts of the state, being president of the Wabasha Club, also of the women's clubs of the First Congressional District in Minnesota. Mr. and Mrs. Murdoch have three children: Helen K., born February 10, 1900; George B., born Feb¬ ruary 22, 1902; and Cynthia M., March 12, 1907. Helen K. and George B. are graduates of the Wabasha High School, and the former is now a student at Carleton College, Northfield; the latter a student at the University of Minnesota. The Congregational church of Wabasha numbers Mr. and Mrs. Murdoch among its active members, and for a number of years he has served it as trustee and treasurer.

Baltz Meyer, a pioneer of Wabasha County, now deceased, was a native of Germany, where he spent his early years, and on beginning industrial life worked for six dollars, one pair of wooden shoes and one suit of overalls as yearly salary. How he accumulated sufficient money to pay his expenses to the United States is a matter for conjecture, but in some way he got here, landing in New York with two dollars in his pocket. This was not a very munificent sum for a young man to begin life with in a strange country, and speaking a foreign language, but in some way he got along and in course of time married, for a while making his home in Columbus, Ohio. In 1857 he came farther west, locating on a 40-acre farm near Dubuque, Iowa. It was not a desirable location, as the soil was full of stones and rocks, but he remained there six or seven years, at the end of which time he sold out and came to Wabasha County, Minnesota, buying 120 acres of wild grub land in Pepin Township, 40 of which were located in section 20 and 80 in section 29. There was a small log house and a shack for a barn. He and his wife, Mary Catherine, had then three children, William, John F. and Mary, who soon learned to make themselves use¬ ful, the two sons breaking the land with an ox team, John F. and William driv¬ ing, while the father held the plow. Many acres were thus broken, and after two years the log house was replaced by a better structure, and other buildings erected. Other land was also purchased and developed, including the Matt Koenig farm of 122 acres in section 29, which was purchased in 1872. Mr. and Mrs. Meyer resided on the home place until their death, Mrs. Meyer passing away on February 19, 1888, and Mr. Meyer March 14, 1900. They were worthy people and highly respected. Their two sons are both farming in Pepin Town¬ ship on different parts of the family estate. William in section 20, and John F. in section 29. The daughter Mary married Bernard Henry Welp and settled near the old home. Her husband died at the age of 25, leaving her with five children, and she has since developed the farm and kept her family together.

John F. Meyer, a retired farmer residing in Wabasha city, comes of an old pioneer family of this county, and has himself contributed to its agricultural development. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, October 26, 1849, son of Baltz and Mary Catherine Meyer. When a boy he accompanied his parents to a farm near Dubuque, Iowa, and in 1864 to Wabasha County, Minnesota, the family settling on a farm in Pepin Township, situated partly in section 20 and partly in section 29. He and his brother William helped their father to develop the home farm. In 1872 the father purchased the Matt Koenig improved farm of 122 acres in section 29, on which was a small log house and a few other buildings. Of this place John F. subsequently became the owner and made some notable improvements on it, building a good frame house, which he re¬ modeled in 1912 into a modern structure of nine rooms. He also built a barn, 36 by 48 by 16 feet, with full basement, together with corn cribs and a black¬ smith shop. There he followed general farming until 1911, when he turned the active management of the place over to his son Jacob, but continued to reside thereon until June 26, 1913, at which time he moved to Wabasha city, where he owns a good residence. During his active career he made a reputa¬ tion as a capable general farmer and was esteemed as a good neighbor and reliable citizen. In the fall of 1919 he sold the farm, the soil of which is pro¬ ductive and produces excellent grain. Mr. Meyer was married, June 2, 1872, to Magdalena Baker, daughter of John and Susan Baker, of Glasgow Township, her parents being farmers in Trout Creek Valley. Mr. and Mrs. Meyer have been the parents of eight children: Henry, born March 23, 1875, who is a farmer at Zumbro Falls, this county; Mary, born October 8, 1876, who is resid¬ ing at home; Jacob, born September 7, 1878, now living retired in Lake City; Catherine, born May 6, 1881, who married Henry Kramer, of Ledgerwood, N. D., and died September 24, 1911; Margaret, born September 27, 1885, now Mrs. Ray Madden, of St. Paul; Peter, born September 19, 1883, who is a telegraph operator at Hastings, Minn.; Susan, born August 9, 1888, is a reporter in the Leader office at Wabasha; Della, born April 20, 1892, is the wife of Fred Schmidt, of Lake City. Mrs. John F. Meyer, who is still living, was born in Germany May 1, 1850, and came to the United States with her parents when a young woman. Mr. Meyer is a Democrat in politics, though not a strong party man. He served as treasurer of Pepin Township for a number of years and was for some time a member of the town board. He and his family are mem¬ bers of the Catholic church and of St. Felix parish.

Marquis Hendricks, of Greenfield Township, one of the early settlers of Wabasha County, with a Civil War record, was born in Illinois, March 20, 1840, son of Coleman and Clarice (Shurtlauf) Hendricks. The parents were natives of Virginia, who removed to Illinois, and later to Wabasha County, Minnesota, taking a farm in Cook's Valley, where they made their home until death, the father passing away in 1880 and the mother in 1890. Their son Marquis at¬ tended school in Illinois and later in Wabasha village and his early industrial years were spent in assisting his father. He then worked for ten years on the Mississippi river. After the breaking out of the Civil War he joined the First Minnesota Regiment, enlisting in Co. I in 1861, and was the first to enlist from Wabasha and the sixth from the county, and for four years was an active par¬ ticipant in the great conflict between North and South. The war over, in 1866 he turned his attention to farming, buying 100 acres on Sand Prairie. In 1876 he sold that farm and moved to Wabasha village, where he engaged in teaming. Then, in 1883 he bought 56 acres in section 2, Greenfield Township, on which he erected buildings and fences, and engaged in mixed farming and stock rais¬ ing. On this farm Mr. Hendricks is still residing, one of the best known and respected citizens of his township. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic and of the Congregational church. Mr. Hendricks was married Janu¬ ary 1, 1865, to Asenath Hitt, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Norris Hitt. Her par¬ ents were born in this county and lived for a number of years in Greenfield

Mr. And Mrs. John F. Meyer

Township, their last years, however, being spent in Kellogg, where both died. To Mr. and Mrs. Hendricks nine children were born, Lillie, Charles, Gertrude, Arthur, Clara, Mary, Bessie, Julia and Frederick. Julia is now deceased.

Peter O. Palmer, a prosperous member of the agricultural class in Lake Township, is a man who has built up his own fortune through industry and perseverance. He was born in Landskrona, Sweden, February 17, 1867, son of Olaf and Elna (Pearson) Olson, and was educated in the common schools of his native land. His parents being poor, he had to begin industrial life at an early age, herding pigs, sheep and geese in the summer and attending school in the winter. At the age of 17 he enlisted in the Regular Army and after¬ wards he continued military training for three or four weeks annually. In accordance with military requirement he had to take a new name as a soldier, and the name Palmer was given to him, one which he has since retained. In 1889, at the age of 21, having received an honorable discharge, he resolved to better himself by emigrating to America, and accordingly set out, landed at New York, and came direct to Wabasha County, where his brother, Olaf Olson, who had three years before preceded him to this country, was living. During his first year in this county he worked as a farm hand in Lake Township. Then in the spring of 1890 he went to Minneapolis, where for four years he was em¬ ployed as a common laborer. Having returned to Lake Township, in this county, in 1894, he rented 80 acres of land and began farming. He remained at his first location but four years, and then in 1898 came to his present place, known as the Charles Crawshan farm, in section 21, a farm containing 220 acres, of which 200 are now under the plow. Here he has demonstrated his ability as a man of action, with a good knowledge of agriculture, raising abun¬ dant crops, keeping good stock, and having an adequate equipment of modern tools and machinery, including a good touring car. His success has been com¬ mensurate with his efforts, and each year sees him farther advanced. He is an American citizen, both naturalized and in spirit, and is politically aligned with the Democrat party, though he exercises independent judgment in casting his vote, on particular occasions favoring the best candidate regardless of party. Mr. Palmer was married early in 1890, to Maria, daughter of Per and Anna Mary (Shuberg) Swensen, and a native of Sweden, who was born Octo¬ ber 29, 1862, and came to America on the same boat and at the same time as her husband. Four children have been born to them: Mabel Edith, October 17, 1890; Oscar William, December 29, 1891; Elsie Olivia, January 11, 1896; and Carl Harry, September 4, 1897. Mabel Edith is the wife of Menno Kobs, a machinist of Minneapolis, and has two children, Virginia Mary and Palmer William. Oscar William is working on the home farm with his father. Elsie Olivia was married, October 11, 1916, to Edwin Bade, of Lake Township, and has three children, Mary, Eleanor Agnes and Agnes. Carl Harry is residing on the home farm. Mr. Palmer is a member of the Masonic order, the Inde¬ pendent Order of Odd Fellows, and the Modern Brotherhood of America. He was reared a Lutheran, as also was his wife, and their children have all been christened in the Swedish Lutheran church at Lake City.

Herman J. McDowell, proprietor of one of the old improved farms in Lake Township, situated in section 25, which he is cultivating with satisfactory financial results, was born in Chicago, Ill., on the site of the present Board of Trade building, May 11, 1880, son of Bernard and Elizabeth (Bishop) Mc¬ Dowell. The parents were respectively of Scotch and Irish descent, but both were born in New York State. They located in Chicago in 1847, and have since remained residents of that city, witnessing its wonderful growth, its partial destruction by fire in 1871, another disastrous fire in 1874, its rebuilding and extension, with many other historic developments. Bernard McDowell was for over 50 years an employee in the baggage department of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad and is now on the pension list of that road, retired, but still hale and hearty. Herman J. McDowell was the only child of his par- ents. The family being Catholics, he attended the parochial school, and in 1896 was graduated from the commercial department of De La Salle Institute. With this equipment he became bookkeeper for Quinn Bros., wholesale plumb¬ ers at the corner of Twenty-ninth and Cottage Grove Avenue. Later he be¬ came private secretary to the secretary of the Knickerbocker Ice Company, Chi¬ cago, and was promoted to city salesman for the building material which they handled, remaining with them for a year and a half. In 1899 Mr. McDowell entered the employ of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad as clerk in the baggage department. He was later promoted to the position of express messenger and remained with the company until 1912. In that year he came to Wabasha County, Minnesota, and engaged in his present occupation of farm¬ ing, buying his present farm of 125 acres in section 25, Lake Township, five and a half miles southeast of Lake City. This proved a wise move, as he has made good in an independent and paying business, to which he has shown himself well adapted. He does general farming, breeding Ayrshire cattle and Poland-China hogs, and has greatly improved his farm, which is very produc¬ tive. His ability and force of character have been recognized by his fellow citizens, and he is serving as a member of the town board and as justice of the peace. On October 8, 1912, Mr. McDowell was united in marriage with The¬ resa, daughter of John and Mary Koob, of Pepin Township. He and his wife are the parents of a daughter, Marcella Marie, who was born November 30,

Charles Grobe, one of the self-made men of Wabasha County, who from an humble beginning, has by long continued industry attained affluence, and is now one of the leading citizens of West Albany Towmship, residing on a farm in section 17, was born in Hanover, Germany, January 24, 1863. His parents were August and Johanna (Weidenmeier) Grobe, the father being a small farmer. In his boyhood Charles Grobe attended common school up to the age of 14 years. At 15 he began to learn the shoemaker's trade and worked at it subsequently for five years. In 1883, at the age of 20, he came to America and prolonging his westward journey to Minnesota, finally arrived in West Albany Township, this county, where he had an uncle. He at once became connected with the agricultural industry, finding employment as a farm hand with William Heinz, for whom he worked four years, and later with Joseph Benz, in whose employ he remained six years. During those ten years of steady work he never lost a day, and the money he earned, except what he paid out for necessities, was carefully saved to form a basis of capital for future independent operations. At last the time came when he felt able to branch out on his own account, and in order to do so more effectually, he wisely resolved to take a partner, for better or for worse, in the strenuous pursuit of fortune. Love directed his choice, and on September 26, 1892, he was united in marriage with Eda Bertha Frank, daughter of Charles and Julia Frank, of West Albany. She was born in Germany, January 17, 1874, and came to America at the age of 18 years with her brother Theodore, her father and another brother, Charles, having preceded them to this country. Mr. and Mrs. Grobe began home making on a farm belonging to Joseph Benz, in section 17, West Albany Township, which they rented for five years. Economy was carefully practiced by the young couple and both worked hard and, as a result, made progress. In 1897 Mr. Grobe bought the Richard Hammond farm of 160 acres in section 8, West Albany, and he and his wife moved onto it. There was a fair set of buildings and 145 acres of the land had been broken. Mr. Grobe grubbed twelve acres, remodeled the house, built a frame barn, 36 by 76 f)y 14 feet, with full base¬ ment of 9 feet, and a machine shed, besides making other improvements from time to time, as they were needed. On that farm he resided with his family for 20 years, the end of that period finding him well advanced on the road to prosperity. He was already the owner of his present place in section 17, having purchased it of Joseph Benz in 1902. It was only half a mile south of where he was then living, and was a farm of 297 acres, with 200 under the plow, and with a fair set of buildings. On moving to it in 1917, he leased the Hammond farm to his son William, and his main efforts both since then and previously, have been to develop the larger property. This he has done very effectually, having remodeled the house, now a modern, nine-room, two-story frame struc¬ ture; built a frame barn, 36 by 80 by 14 feet, with full basement of 8 feet, cement floors, steel stanchions, and running water; and also put up granaries, machine sheds, and a steel windmill, with the result of making it one of the finest and best equipped farms in this locality. In addition to this, he owns and operates a large threshing outfit, and is the owner of a 300-acre farm near Mill¬ ville, in Oakwood Township. This latter farm, 160 acres of which are under the plow, and which has a fair set of buildings, he rents out to a tenant. Since selling 160 acres to his son William, he has bought another 160-acre tract near Jacksonville, known as the Christ Hyde farm. On his own place Mr. Grobe is engaged in diversified farming, keeping good stock, his cattle, of the Shorthorn variety, numbering from 60 to 70 head. He has led a regular life, has shunned the saloon, and refrained even from tobacco, conserving his energies for the main duties of life, and in their full and exact performance has found no need for either stimulants or narcotics. He and his family are members of the West Albany congregation of the German M. E. church, of which he is a trustee. Throughout the 27 years of their married life he and his wife have worked together, and are now enjoying the results of the mutual labors. They have a high standing in the community, and have brought up their children in habits of industry, morality and religious observance. These children are as follows: William Carl, born September 15, 1893, who operates one of his father's farms, on rental which he bought in 1920, was married November 10, 1917, to Ella Fick, daughter of William and Christina Fick. He has one child, Ruth, born August 13, 1918. Vanda Alfrida, born February 2, 1896, as yet unmarried, is a trained nurse. She graduated from the Dorcas Institute at Cincinnati, then entered the Berthesda Hospital where she remained eleven months, and on account of sickness returned to her home, remaining nine months, then entered the Lake City Hospital, remaining there one and a half years; then entered the Minneapolis General Hospital where she graduated June 2, 1920. Charles John, born February 26, 1899, and Alfred Gothard, born July 15, 1903, are associated with their father in agricultural work. Florence Julia and Frances Johanna (twins), born August 22, 1904, are attending school.

Thomas Harney, who is well remembered by the old and middle-aged resi¬ dents of Lake Township, was in certain respects a remarkable man, one who conquered the favors of fortune to a greater extent than most of his con¬ temporaries in this region, and who, beginning with nothing, acquired wealth beyond his early dreams through innate force of character. He was born in Waterford, Ireland, April 4, 1833, and had good educational advantage which doubtless sharpened his wits and increased his natural capacity. Dissatisfied with the limited opportunities afforded him in his native land, he resolved to seek advancement in the Land of the Free, and in 1850, with a sister, Catherine, he took passage in a sailing vessel, and some weeks later landed in New York. For five years he remained in the East, then in 1855 he followed the Stai of Empire westward, and arrived in Rochester, Minnesota, when there were onl> three houses there, and about three weeks in advance of Patrick Rahilly. Theie he bought land and remained until 1861. Then he made an exchange of land with a brother of Mr. Rahilly who had located in Lake Township, Wabasha County, and came here to live. The land was new and wild, but he began im¬ provements, and for some years led a bachelor's life. Then, in 1867, he married Elizabeth Doley of Rochester and they began domestic life on the farm. At times he worked out for very low wages, but he spent less than he earned and got along. His ruling passion was the acquisition of land: He bought, sold and traded it at every opportunity, and is said to have owned at one time or another nearly every foot of land in Lake Township. One of his early ventures was the purchase of 80 acres of wild land in section 31, where he established his home, and on which he erected a fine two-story frame house and other good buildings, also grubbing and clearing the land and converting it into a fine farm. There he resided until a few years before his death, those last years being spent in Rochester where he owned a good house. He passed away in 1909, at which time his wealth was rated at $250,000. His wife survived him several years, dying in Rochester in 1912. They were both faithful members of the Catholic church. Their family numbered ten children: John, now living in Los Angeles, Cal.; Mary, wife of John O'Connell, a farmer of Benson County, N. D.; Jerry, who is farming near Millville, Wabasha County, Minn.; Thomas, deceased; James, a farmer in Benson County, N. D.; Catherine, now Mrs. Thomas Lawler of Rochester, Minn.; Daniel, a prosperous farmer and land owner, residing in Lake Township; Elizabeth, a resident of Rochester; William, a banker in Benson County, N. D.; and Ambrose, who is also a resident of Benson County, N. D. The children, like their parents, are all Catholics.

Daniel Harney, a farmer and considerable land owner residing in section 31, Lake Township, was born in section 29, this township, February 28, 1873, son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Doley) Harney. His education was acquired at intervals in the district school and his agricultural training on the home farm under his father's direction. In 1899 he came into possession of the prop¬ erty, and now owns 700 acres in Lake Township, besides having large land possessions in North Dakota and Saskatchewan and Alberta, Canada. He is farming on an extensive scale, breeding pure-blooded shire horses, Shorthorn Durham and Poll Angus cattle, Poland-China hogs, and Shropshire sheep, hav¬ ing large herds of each. He has a good modern equipment and is numbered among the most prosperous men in Lake Township. Formerly a Democrat in politics, Mr. Harney is now a member of the Non-Partisan League. He has served in all the town offices and for a number of years has been clerk of the school board. In religion he is a Catholic, and a member of St. Mary's parish, Lake City.

Henry Fick, for many years a successful farmer of Wabasha County, was born in Mecklenberg, Germany, October 19, 1849. At the age of seven years he came to America with his parents, who settled first at Galena, Ill. There the family remained one year, at the end of which time they came to Wabasha County, and homesteaded 160 acres of wild land in West Albany Township. There they underwent many of the hardships of pioneer life, breaking their land with the aid of a yoke of oxen, living the first years on corn, potatoes and bacon, and working hard to establish for themselves a home in the wilderness. Under these conditions young Henry grew up, picking up a little schooling as he found opportunity, and working the parental acres with his father until reaching the age of 24. He then began an independent career, buying a tract of 80 acres in West Albany Township, near the old home, and about the same time, or in October, 1873, he married Sophia, daughter of Gottleib and Dora Schmidt, of West Albany. Her parents had come with their family directly from Germany to West Albany Township, this county, and had likewise en¬ dured many hardships in establishing themselves here. Mr. and Mrs. Fick lived about ten years on their original farm, at the end of which time Mr. Fick sold the place to his father, and bought 160 acres in Lake Township, section 34. There they farmed for about 29 years, or until 1912, by hard work and frugality developing their property and acquiring a competence. Then they removed to Lake City, where they resided until 1916, retired. In the year last mentioned they bought a farm near Lockhart, Minn., and are now living there with their son Henry, enjoying the fruits of their former labors. Mr. and Mrs. Fick are the parents of children, Edward, Fred C., Minnie, Henry, Alfred, Mattie and Mabel. Edward, born April 16, 1875, is now on the farm at Lockhart. Fred C., born May 16, 1877, is in the automobile repair business at Lake City. Min- nie, born March 24, 1879, is the wife of Anthony Lang, of Lake City. Henry, born May 9, 1881, is operating the farm at Lockhart. Alfred, born July 31, 1884, is a resident of Lake City. Mattie, born February 2, 1891, is residing at Lockhart. Mabel, born July 17, 1895, is the wife of Peter Pauley, of Austin, Minn. Mr. Fick is a Republican in politics, and for a number of years served Lake Township as clerk. He and his wife are German Lutherans in religion, and were formerly members of St. John's congregation at Lake City, which he served as trustee. They now belong to the congregation at Lockhart.

Fred C. Fick, who is doing an extensive business in automobile repairing in Lake City, was born in West Albany Township, this county, May 16, 1877, son of Henry and Sophia (Schmidt) Fick, and a grandson on both sides of Wabasha County pioneers. He was reared in Lake Township, to which -his par¬ ents moved when he was an infant. There he attended school, and as a young man was employed at farm work, both at home and among the neighboringfarmers. In 1900 he established a well-drilling business, and in 1902 came to Lake City as an employe of Bartron & Schmauss, dealers in farm implements. For two years he operated their well-drilling outfit, and then for nearly four years was in their warehouse. In 1908 he purchased the implement business of Wise & Redding at Lake City, and operated this for ten years. In the fall of 1912 he opened the Central Garage on Washington street, where he has built up a big business in automobile repairing. He has worked hard and has built up a big business, and is regarded as one of the substantial men of the city. He has a pleasant home and takes his part in all progressive movements. Mr. Fick was married April 16, 1906, to Margaret Burfiend, daughter of John and Margaret Burfiend, of West Albany Township, and this union has been blessed with one daughter, Dorothy Amelia, born October 19, 1912. The family faith is that of St. John's German Evangelical Lutheran church of Lake City.

Jacob L. Gengnagel, one of the leading merchants of Wabasha city, pro¬ prietor of an up-to-date furniture store, and who is also one of the present county commissioners of Wabasha County, was born in this city, September 8, 1875, son of Jacob and Paulina (Affeld) Gengnagel. The father, who was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, in 1832, came to America in 1849, and in Albany, N. Y., learned the furniture-making business. In 1855 he came west to Dubuque, Iowa, from which place in the following year he removed to Wa¬ basha, Minn. As there was then no opening here in his trade, he engaged in carpenter work, and was thus occupied for three years, or until 1859, when he went to New Orleans, where he was living when the Civil War broke out. Hav¬ ing no desire to serve in the Confederate army, he seized an early opportunity and on June 30, 1862, enlisted in Company L, Third Massachusetts Cavalry, at New Orleans. He was in the service for 18 months, and was finally discharged on account of disability, having received a gunshot wound in his right elbow. In the fall of 1864 he returned to Wabasha, Minn., and established a furniture business ofi Second street, between Pembroke and Bailey streets, both manu¬ facturing and dealing in furniture. On November 21, 1865, he married Paulina Affeld, of Wabasha, and in a few years a family was growing up around them, the eldest son, Charles, subsequently becoming his father's business partner. In 1895 Jacob Gengnagel bought a farm in Cook's Valley, Greenfield Township, Wabasha County, and moved to it, leaving the furniture business in the hands of his son. After five years on the farm, however, the father returned to Wabasha. In 1900 the business was taken over by his younger son, Jacob L. He died August 26, 1910, being survived by his wife, who is still living. Their children were: Charles, previously mentioned, who is now in the furniture business for himself at Parker's Prairie, Minn.; Katherine, who assists her brother, Jacob L., in the furniture business; Jacob L., subject of this sketch; William, who is now deceased; Dora, and Paulina, who are also deceased. Jacob L. Gengnagel, who was educated in the Wabasha public schools, early became associated with his father in the furniture business, and since becom- in g proprietor of the store in 1900 has continued to conduct it on a profitable basis. The present store is located on Main street, east of the post office, and is a large and well stocked emporium. Mr. Gengnagel has taken his place among the progressive and successful business men of Wabasha, and is well known through the county. He was elected county commissioner in 1918, taking office January 7, 1919. He was mayor of Wabasha from 1911 to 1916, and previous to that served as county coroner, having thus identified himself in various ways with the public business of his city and county, of which he has been a faithful servant. He is senior warden of Grace Episcopal church of Wabasha, and belongs fraternally to Waupahassa Lodge, No. 14, A. F. & A. M. ; Teutonia Lodge, No. 19, I. 0. 0. F. ; Wabasha Tribe, No. 27, I. 0. R. ; and lodge No. 106, A. 0. U. W., all of Wabasha.

Lewis G. Graner, proprietor of Pine Ridge Stock Farm, Greenfield Town¬ ship, was born in this township September 23, 1875. His parents, Henry and Mary (Frye) Graner, were natives of Hanover, Germany, who came to America in 1850, landing in Baltimore, where they remained two years. In 1852 they became pioneers of Minnesota, settling in Greenfield Township, Wabasha County, where they bought a homestead right of 160 acres in section 29. Later they purchased 205 acres more, making a total owned by them of 365 acres. They improved the property into a good farm, erecting buildings and fences, and were engaged in farming and stock raising there until the death of Henry Graner on September 4, 1915. Mrs. Graner now makes her home with her daughter, Mrs. George Foster of Greenfield. She and her husband were the parents of 11 children, eight of v/hom are now living, the full list being: Henry, Herman of Kellogg, Elizabeth of Almena, Kans.; Mary, of Greenfield Township; Augusta, of Almena, Kans.; Emma, of Eagan, S. D.; Amelia, of Waukon, Iowa; Lewis G.; William, of Watopa Township; Clara and Edward. The deceased are Henry, Clara and Edward. Lewis G. Graner acquired a dis¬ trict school education in Greenfield Township. He worked for his father on the home farm until 1903, and in that year bought the farm on which he has since remained, and where he is carrying on general farming and stock raising. He gives special attention to stock raising, breeding Shorthorn cattle, and im¬ proving his stock by the use of full-blooded sires. His barn is equipped with an Empire milking-machine, and is electrically lighted. For 12 years Mr. Graner served as town clerk of Greenfield Township, and is now serving as clerk of School District No. 28. He is a member of the Masonic order, the Modern Woodmen of America and the Modern Samaritans, and is religiously affiliated with the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Graner was married October 18, 1904, to Bertha Anderson, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Swan Anderson, Sr., of Greenfield Township. Her father, who died August 11, 1888, was in the employ of the C., M. & St. P. railway. Her mother is now living in the village of Kellogg. They were also members of the M. E. church. Their children were: Carrie, of Verndale, Minn.; Swan, Jr., of Kellogg; Thomas, of Minne¬ apolis; Emma; Allen, of Superior, Wis. ; Bertha; William, of Minneapolis, and John. Mr. and Mrs. Graner are the parents of one child, John L., who was born November 6, 1909.

Henry E. Bade, a man who took a worthy part in the development of Wa¬ basha County along agricultural lines, was born in Galena, Ill., July 6, 1863, son of Louis H. and Sophia (Haase) Bade. The father, Louis H. Bade, was born in the German state of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, January 28, 1836, and was the son of a farmer. He attended school in Germany, and at the age of 17 be¬ gan an apprenticeship to the wagonmaker's trade, at which he subsequently worked as a journeyman. In October, 1859, he came to the United States and remained here for over two years, going back to Germany on a visit in the spring of 1861. There he was married in March, that year, to Sophia Haase, a native of the same part of Germany as himself, and in 1862 he returned to the United States, accompanied by his wife, and located in Galena, Ill. When their first child, Henry E., was two years old, the family came to Wabasha County, Minn., and rented the John Haase farm in West Albany Township. They had practically no money, but were energetic and industrious, and with the aid of an ox team they operated that farm for two years. They then bought 160 acres of wild land in West Albany Township, built a log house, and some pole shacks for stock, and grubbed and cleared the land, and it was on that farm that Henry E. was reared to the age of 11. Then in 1874 Louis H. Bade sold the place and bought 340 acres of partly improved land, though mostly bluff, in section 36, Lake Township, not far from his first place. Here he built a comfortable frame house, a barn, and other necessary structures, residing on the place until 1905, when he retired and moved to Lake City, where he is now living at the age cf 83 years, and in good health except for a lameness resulting from a broken hip which he sustained in 1917, which obliges him to use a crutch and cane. His wife died January 1, 1915. They had six children: Henry E., whose name forms the caption of this sketch; Edward, who was killed in an Idaho mine; Louis, now in Big Timber, Mont.; Amelia, wife of Fred Lange, of Lake City; Frederick, a farmer in Glasgow Township, Wabasha County, and Augusta, who married James Warner of Lake City and is now deceased. After his father left the farm, Henry E. Bade took up its operation, having previously worked on it since his boyhood, and during his career as its active proprietor he made many valuable improvements, including the erection of substantial buildings for every branch of the farm work. At last his health began to fail and for three years he became more and more of an invalid, until he finally passed away April 15, 1914. He had continued to work until three days before his demise. Henry E. Bade was of quiet and retiring disposition, industrious and upright, and was a man highly respected. He was a director in the Wa¬ basha County Fire Insurance Company, and served for some years as township clerk. He was married November 19, 1891, to Adeline Haase, who was born in West Albany Township, this county, October 21, 1870, daughter of John and Wilhelmina (Lang) Haase. Of this union three children were born: Edwin W., born November 14, 1893, now operating the home farm; Luella, born May 14, 1896, who is the wife of Fred Stahmann of Section 35, Lake Township; and Mabel, born February 15, 1905, who is a student in the Lake City high school. After her husband's death Mrs. Henry E. Bade remained on the farm until 1917, when she took up her residence in Lake City, where she is now managing the home for Louis H. Bade.

Edwin W. Bade, a prominent farmer of Lake Township, was born in section 36, this township, November 14, 1893, son of Henry E. and Adeline (Haase) Bade. His education was acquired in the district school and he subsequently had a year's training in the Minnesota Agricultural College, which added to the knowledge he had already gained in practical farm work while associated with his father. After the father's death in April, 1914, the entire manage¬ ment of the home farm fell into his hands, and he has since operated it on a profitable basis, his mother for a while keeping house for him. This is one of the best farms in the northern part of the county and contains 327 acres, of which 240 are in Lake Township and the remainder in West Albany Township. Two hundred and forty acres are under the plow, and the farm is well stocked with Shorthorn cattle and Duroc-Jersey swine. The residence is a two-story modern frame house, consisting of an upright and wing, and the farm buildings include a frame barn 40 by 80 by 18 feet, with a full basement of 9 feet and cement floor; a granary 24 by 36 by 10, containing an elevator; a buggy shed, engine house, machine shed, and well house, and new 32 by 20 hog house, all substantial structures, most of which were erected by himself and his father. The house contains nine rooms, including bath and toilet; is wired for electric light, and furnished with hot and cold water. Mr. Bade's equipment includes a five-passenger auto car. Enterprising and industrious, he is making good progress, having a fine record behind him which he is trying to excel. Polit- ically he is a member of the Non-Partisan League. Mr. Bade was married in 1916 to Elsie, daughter of Peter and Mary Palmer, of Lake Township,' and he and his wife are the parents of three children: Mildred Adeline Mary, born May 3, 1917; Elenore Agnes, born May 13, 1918, and Agnes Frances, born June 19, 1919. The family are affiliated religiously with St. John's Lutheran church of Lake City.

Martin W. Benn, proprietor of the Benn Hardware Co., of Wabasha, was born near Rollingstone, Winona County, Minn., Feb. 3, 1876, son of Louis and Anna (Rogue) Benn. His parents were farmers, and he was the eldest of five children, the others being: Ferdinand, now a practicing physician in Minne¬ apolis; Helena, now Mrs. Schmidt, of Bemidji, Minn.; Albert, who is traveling auditor for the Great Northern Railway Co., and resides in Vancouver, B. C., and Edward, of Milton, Ore., who is in the United States military service. In 1879 Mr. and Mrs. Louis Benn removed with their family to Cass County, N. D., locating on a farm near Casselton, where they remained until 1894, when the parents moved to Milton, Ore. Martin W., who was only three years old on his arrival in Cass County, subsequently attended school there up to the age of 18 years, and when not engaged with his books assisted his father on the farm. In 1894, instead of accompanying his parents to Oregon, he began to learn the tinner's trade with Herman Strehlow, of Casselton, N. D., and was with him for four years, returning to Minnesota in 1898. In the fall of that year he took employment as tinner with John Tritch, a hardware merchant of Alma, Wis., with whom he remained for about eight years. In September, 1906, Mr. Benn came to Wabasha City and entered the employ of Julius Schmidt, a hardware merchant in the Jewell Block. With him he remained for seven years, or until 1913, when he engaged in the same business for himself on Pembroke street. In 1915 he bought the stock and business of Julius Schmidt, his former em¬ ployer, and has since operated the concern under the firm name of the Benn Hardware Company, dealing in general hardware, and also doing plumbing and tinsmith work. A master of his trade, he is enjoying a good patronage and increasing in prosperity. For some years he has served as chief of the Wa¬ basha Fire Department. Politically he is a Republican, while his fraternal affiliations are with White Oak Camp, No. 2077, M. W. A., and the Equitable Fraternal Union, both of Wabasha. Mr. Benn was married in September, 1896, to Catherine, daughter of Michael Damm, of Buffalo City, Buffalo County, Wis., where she was born August 24, 1876.

Eugene S. Churchill, who was for a number of years a prosperous farmer and business man of Wabasha County, was born in Freeport, Ill., of Scotch and Dutch ancestry. He came to Wabasha County, Minn., about 1880, and for some time was engaged in furnishing brush to the government for dams on the Mississippi river, doing the work under contract. After a while he bought 360 acres of land in Greenfield Township, and began farming, erecting a good set of buildings and developing his land. While so doing he still did a little con¬ tract work occasionally. In 1908 he rented the farm to a tenant and moved to Wabasha city, where he engaged in business, and where his death occurred November 6, 1912. He had had a successful career, beginning with nothing and acquiring a competence through his own efforts. As a man and citizen he stood high in the estimation of his neighbors. Mr. Churchill married Emma Brown, who was born in Pepin, Wis., in 1852, of German parentage, and who is still living in Wabasha. They had five children: A son who died in infancy; Walter, born in 1885, now deceased; Warren G., a prominent business man of Wabasha city; Anna, born March 24, 1892, now Mrs. W, S. Johnson, of Trout Valley, this county; and Reta, born June 17, 1896, who is a nurse in the Wa¬ basha Sanitorium.

Warren G. Churchill, a well known business man of Wabasha City, where he is engaged in the jewelry and piano business, was born on a farm in Green¬ field Township, this county, September 26, 1888, son of Eugene S. and Emma

Mr. And Mrs. John L. Funke

(Brown) Churchill. He was reared on his parents' farm and educated in the district school, which he attended up to the age of 15. He then attended the graded school at Kellogg, from which he was graduated; and later entered the Brandrup & Nettleton Business College at Winona, which he attended for five months. He then entered the employ of Beinhorn & Meier, Winona, to learn the jeweler's trade, remaining with that concern for two years and a half. After that he took a position with the jewelry firm of Blickel Bros., of Roches¬ ter, Minn. On November 2, 1911, he started in business for himself in Wa¬ basha, renting space for a jeweler's bench and a showcase from E. B. Kenefec. This venture met with success, and on August 17, 1912, Mr. Churchill bought out the stock and business of Charles Tryon, on Pembroke street, Wabasha, which he has since developed into a large business, having a well equipped store. He has also extended his operations to include a line of musical goods, selling Edison phonographs, Raden-Bush pianos, Waltham player pianos and the Starr player pianos, in all of which he has developed a good trade coveiing a large territory in this section of the country. His enterprise and square business methods have made him popular, and he is now serving as president of the local commercial club, known as the Wabasha Boosters Club. Politically he is a Republican, but places the man above the party, reserving his right to vote for any candidate whom he esteems most worthy of office. Mr. Churchill assumed the responsibilities of domestic life on February 11, 1918, when he was united in marriage with Eva Dorothy, daughter of John and Katherine Schmidt, of Wabasha City, of which place she is a native. Mr. and Mrs. Churchill are members of St. Felix Catholic parish, and are popular members of society here.

Nicholas Funke, an early settler of Glasgow Township, was born in Ger¬ many, and there married Catherine Leirsch. For some years he was an itin¬ erant salesman, traveling from place to place with his wares. In 1858 he and his wife determined to better their fortunes in the New World. Accordingly they set sail, landed at New York, took the railroad to Dubuque, la., and from there boarded a ship to Reed's Landing, in Wabasha County. Proceeding ten miles south of Reed's Landing, they secured 160 acres of wild land in Glasgow Township. This was in 1858. They built a small log house, and with the help of a yoke of oxen, started to break the land. Here they underwent all the hardships of pioneer life, sometimes being almost without food. The trading point was at Reed's Landing, from which Mr. Funke often brought provisions on his back. Gradually the farm was improved, good buildings were erected, and the family prospered. In 1893 they disposed of the place to the son, John L., and moved to Wabasha, where they died, Nicholas Funke in the spring of 1902, and his wife in the winter of 1906. They were the parents of nine chil¬ dren, all born in Glasgow Township: Rose, John L., George (first), George (second), Anna, Joseph, Clara, Louis, Clarence. Rose is the wife of Michael Jacoby, now deceased, and lives at Duluth, Minn. John L. farms on the out¬ skirts of Wabasha. The first George died in early infancy and the second at the age of three years. Anna, Joseph and Clara are dead. Louis is a bank cashier living at St. Leo, Minn. Clarence is dead.

John L. Funke, who is farming on the outskirts of Wabasha, was born in Glasgow Township, this county, April 23, 1861, son of Nicholas and Catherine (Leirsch) Funke. He was reared on the home farm and attained such educa¬ tion as he could, being the oldest boy in the family it was necessary for him to help his parents in the summer, and in the winter it was often impossible for him to get to the school which was three miles away. In 1883 he came to Wabasha, and clerked in the store of his brother-in-law, Michael Jacoby, but in less than two years returned to the farm. Upon his parents' retire¬ ment in 1893 he took entire charge of the place and in time became its owner. He was most successful in his farming operations, and by careful saving and shrewd buying, he was able in time to acquire 1,100 acres, all in one tract.

In addition to carrying on his farm, he also operated a portable sawmill. But his strenuous work impaired his health, and he was on the verge of a complete breakdown. He was advised by physicians to seek another climate for the benefit of his health. But feeling that his ailment was simply a case of his being tired out, he decided that a comparative rest would do him as much good as a change of climate. Accordingly in 1903, he purchased forty acres on the outskirts of Wabasha. Gradually his health improved, and as he in¬ creased in strength, he increased his farming operations, and added to the tract until he had 240 acres. This he farmed until January, 1916, when he sold 160 acres to his son-in-law, Louis Nipp, leaving himself eighty acres, to this he has added by additional purchases until he has 107 acres. In 1918 he rebuilt the house, so that he now has a modern nine-room dwelling, finished in stucco, and well arranged. He now carries on general farming, raising the usual crops, and breeding good graded cattle, swine and poultry. He and his good wife stand well in the community. They have worked hard, havo done their share in life, and reaped industry's just reward. Mr. Funke was married April 23, 1890, to Theresa Graden, daughter of Nicholas and Mar¬ garet Graden, of Pepin Township, this county. She was born November 3, 1869. This union has been blessed with three children, Veronica, Rose and Elizabeth. Veronica was born January 1, 1891, graduated from the St. Felix high school at Wabasha and the Winona State Normal School, taught eighth grade studies for eight years, and is now the wife of Louis Nipp, a Wabasha farmer, and has one son John H. Rose was born May 25, 1892, graduated from the St. Felix high school at WTabasha, and the Stout Institute, Menomonie, Wis., taught domestic science for four years, married Fred Horihan, of Houston County, this state, and has one child, Bernice E. Elizabeth was born July 4, 1893, and graduated from the St. Felix high school at Wabasha, and St. Catherine's College at St. Paul, Minn., and is now a student of Pratt In¬ stitute of Brooklyn, N. Y. The family faith is that of St. Felix Catholic Church, Wabasha.

Sylvester Loechler, who was for many years one of the leading merchants of Wabasha City, engaged in the clothing and men's furnishing business, was born in Baden, Germany, December 31, 1857, and came to this country with his parents when a small boy, the family settling in Wabasha County, Minn. Here the parents died some years ago. Sylvester Loechler attended the com¬ mon schools and subsequently learned the tailor's trade with Lawrence Ginther of Wabasha. Ambitious to become his own master, in course of time he established a store of his own, in connection with the tailoring business, put¬ ting in a line of clothing and men's furnishings. To perfect himself in his trade he went to New York, where he took a course in a cutting school, com¬ pleting it January 22, 1890. Then returning to Wabasha, he established a business by himself. Later he became connected in business with Frank Millei, foiming the firm of Loechler & Miller, located on Pembroke street, Mr. Loechler owning the two-story brick building. There he continued busily employed until his death on April 6, 1908. His career was marked by industry and enterprise and was crowned with success. He accumulated a fair com¬ petency, and owned a comfortable home on the corner of Second and Bailey stieets, which is now occupied by his widow. As a man of sterling worth and a citizen who understood and fulfilled his obligations to the community, he was highly esteemed. In politics he was a Democrat, but at no time an office holder. Mr. Loechler was married November 7, 1894, to Mary, daugh¬ ter of Cornelius and Mary (Ryan) Mahoney of Watopa Township, Wabasha County. She was born on a farm in Greenfield Township, this county, Feb¬ ruary 21, 1868. Her parents are now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Loechler had no children of their own, but reared two children of a sister of Mr. Loechler William and Clara. William is now living in Seattle, Wash., and his sister Clara m W innebago City, Minn. After her husband's death Mrs. Loechler continued the business with Mr. Miller until January 1, 1916, when she sold her interests, and the firm is now Miller & O'Flaherty, located on Pembroke street, opposite the former store. She still owns the Loechler Bldg., which she rents. She is a member of the Catholic church and the Wabasha Woman's Club, and enjoys a wide social popularity.

Hugh Lawrence Lothrop, a member of the well known law firm of Mur¬ doch & Lothrop, of Wabasha City, was born on a farm near' Zumbrota, Goodhue County, Minn., October 19, 1888, son of Josiah and Sarah (Libby) Lothrop. The paternal grandparents were natives of the state of Massachusets, who moved to Eaton, in the Province of Quebec, Canada, where for some years they were engaged in farming. There their son, Josiah, was born, and spent his early years. When he was nine years old they sold the farm and returned to Maine, later moved from there to Burns, La Crosse County, Wis., where they settled on a farm, the father (grandfather of Hugh Lawrence) also preaching in the Free Will Baptist church. From Burns, Wis., it was but a brief jour¬ ney to Goodhue County, Minn., to which locality the grandfather came in 1856, pre-empting 160 acres of land near Zumbrota, the family moving on to the place in 1860. There they developed a good farm on which the grandparents died in 1880 and 1883. Its improvement was continued by Josiah Lothrop until 1908, in which year he retired and took up his residence in Zumbrota Village, where he is now living. They have been the parents of six children: Mary E., wife of James Farrahar, an attorney of Bakersfield, Calif.; Josiah Howard, residing on the old home farm in Goodhue County; Charles E. and Seth W., deceased; Sadie E., who married Orville Freeman of Minneapolis, and is also now deceased; and Hugh Lawrence, of Wabasha. Hugh Lawrence Lothrop acquired his elementary education in the district school, and was aft¬ erwards graduated from the graded school and the high school in Zumbrota. In January, 1910, he entered the law department of Minnesota State Univer¬ sity, where he was a student for two and one-half years, subsequently read¬ ing law in the office of Senator A. J. Rockne of Zumbrota. Admitted to the bar in May, 1913, in the following month he opened an office in Mazeppa, where he practiced his profession until May, 1916, when he entered into part¬ nership with John W. Murdoch of Wabasha. The firm of Murdoch & Lothrop is now well and favorably known, and handles a considerable amount of law business, with satisfaction to its clients. Mr. Lothrop is a close student of his profession, to which he is well adapted by natural bent. He was mar¬ ried August 21, 1917, to Harriet F. Croxford, daughter of William and Ellen Croxford of Zumbrota, where her father is engaged in the lumber business, although she was born in St. Paul, May 21, 1892. Mr. and Mrs. Lothrop have one child, Elizabeth Ellen, born August 27, 1918. Mr. Lothrop is a staunch Republican politically. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Epis¬ copal church.

William H. Anderson, proprietor of the Anderson House, at Wabasha, and one of the city's leading citizens, is doing his share toward the general pros¬ perity of the community by conducting an excellent hotel, which by its hos¬ pitality and service creates in the minds of strangers a most excellent impres¬ sion of the whole community. He was born in Rome Township, Oneida County, N. Y., March 12, 1846, son of Levi and Harriett (Carpenter) Anderson. His father dying when he was 12 years, leaving a large family, young William H. went to work when he was 14 and contributed his earnings toward the family support. In 1866 he came west and reached Rochester by rail. From there he set out on foot for Wabasha County, and for several years worked as a farm hand in Zumbro Township. In 1867 he purchased 80 acres of wild land, four miles southeast of Zumbro Falls. He built a small board house, and set to work with a will to clear and develop a good farm. To his original tract he added a 160-acre tract and a 40-acre one, making in all a place of 280 acres. In addition to his farming operations, Mr. Anderson made a specialty for many years of buying and shipping cattle. In 1896 he retired from farm work and bought the old hotel at Mazeppa, in this county. In 1900 he moved the old building, and on the site erected the present commodi¬ ous brick-veneered building. In 1913 he sold out, and purchased the old Hurd House, in Wabasha, a pioneer hostelry which had been erected in 1855 by B. F. Hurd, and enlarged and remodelled some years ago by Mr. Hurd's son-inlaw, Ziba Goss. This hotel, Mr. Anderson has since conducted, ably assisted by his wife and daughters. He changed the name to the Anderson House, and wrought many improvements and alterations. He is a genial, competent man, of wide acquaintance, and is highly regarded by the traveling public of the Northwest, as well as by the citizens of his own city. In 1915, desir¬ ing to establish for his family a home life which even the excellent hotel conditions could not entirely furnish, he erected across from the hotel, one of the most beautiful residences in the city. It is delightfully situated in picturesque grounds on the banks of the Mississippi, and is of much archi¬ tectural beauty wrought in tile and stucco. The furnishings are tasteful and restful throughout. Here he and his family find peace and contentment away from the strenuous duties of hotel management, and here, in future years, he and his wife plan to spend their declining days. Mr. Anderson was mar¬ ried in 1885 to Ida Hoffman, of Zumbro Township, and this union has been blessed with four children: Ora, Verna, Belle and Effie. Ora died in child¬ hood. Verna married Joseph McCaffery, and has two children, Jean Eliza¬ beth and Ann. Mr. McCaffery for the past 14 years has been in the railroad mail service on the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul, between St. Paul and Chi¬ cago. He and his wife live two blocks from the hotel. The daughters of Mr. Anderson have been given unusual educational advantages, not only in the Wabasha County schools, but also in the College of St. Theresa in Winona. Mr. Anderson has been unusually fortunate in his family life. His wife has been a true helpmeet in all his endeavors, and now takes entire charge of the hotel kitchen. The daughters are competent business managers thoroughly versed in all departments of hotel management, in kitchen, dining room, guest rooms and office. All are interested in church work. Mrs. Anderson and the Misses Belle and Effie are members of the Episcopal church, while Mr. and Mrs. McCaffery are members of the Catholic church. Levi and Harriett (Car¬ penter) Anderson, parents of William H. Anderson, were natives of this country, of Scotch descent. They were married in Oneida County, N. Y. There Levi Anderson died in 1858. His widow later came west and died in Wabasha County. In the family were seven children, four sons and three daughters: William H., Abram J., Fairfax and Welcome, Minica, Betsy and Phoebe. Abram J. lives in Wabasha County; Fairfax in Carrington, N. D.; and Welcome in Edgerly, N. D., all being prosperous farmers. Minica died in young womanhood. Betsy lives in Sacred Heart, Minn., and is the wife of D. H. Day. Phoebe is the wife of H. W. McGeorge of Washington, D. C. The Anderson House, in Wabasha, owned and managed by William H. An¬ derson and his family, is a hotel widely known for its excellence. It is well situated and provides most excellent accommodations in every department. Aside from the office, reception rooms, parlors and dining rooms, it has 45 sleeping rooms, is well equipped in the way of baths and the like, and every¬ thing possible is done for the comfort of the guests.

John Q. Richardson, pioneer, for nearly 34 years a prominent farmer of Elgin Township, and afterwards until his death a resident of Elgin Village, was born in Topsham, Orange County, Vt., May 11, 1828. Up to 20 years of age his life was spent on the home farm, his education being acquired in the common school and the East Orange high school. He also taught one term of school there, and for several winters taught school in Westport, Mass., and attended school at Corinth and Bradford, Vt., during the summers. In 1853 he began teaching in Newark, N. J., where he was principal of a gram- mar school for nine years. On October 2, 1853, he married Cordelia C. Colby, who also taught in the Newark schools until they moved to Minnesota in April, 1862, settling on the farm in section 34, Elgin Township. The log cabin on this farm was the first built in the township and was owned by his father, J. Q. Richardson. This place continued to be his home until De¬ cember 1, 1895, when he and his family moved to Elgin Village, where Mr. Richardson had built a residence that summer. Mr. Richardson passed away on Monday, February 21, 1916, at the home of his son, R. W. Richardson, just south of the village. He was a man who always took an active interest in school, church and public affairs, both of the township and village, until in¬ capacitated by illness. He was depended upon as one of the substantial men of the community, while his judgment and counsel on public questions was al¬ ways good. He had built up one of the finest farm homes in this vicinity. Some 50 years ago he set out a large maple grove on the hillside to the south of his farm buildings, and after the trees were well grown he started a maple sugar camp, which he conducted for a number of years. He made sugar on a larger scale than anyone else in this vicinity, and hundreds visited his camp at sugaring time. He was also greatly interested in horticulture, and for many years had one of the finest orchards in this section. His political affili¬ ation had always been with the Republican party. He was one of the early members of the Congregational church in Elgin, and retained his membership therein, though for many years he was organist of the M. E. church and re¬ tained his interest in music to the end of his life. Many young people in Elgin became interested in singing by attending a free singing school con¬ ducted for several years by him in the Elgin schoolhouse. He was a member of the Masonic lodge, in which he held the office of secretary, taking a demit from the lodge a number of years ago. He served his town several years as assessor. Mr. Richardson was survived by his wife, Mrs. Cordelia C. Rich¬ ardson, and one son, Ralph W. A brother, Charles, also remains to mourn his loss.

Ralph W. Richardson, for a number of years until 1920, vice president of the Farmers and Merchants State Bank of Elgin, of which village he is one of the leading citizens, was born June 19, 1867, in Elgin Township, on the farm of his parents, John Q. and Cordelia (Colby) Richardson. He acquired his education in the public schools of Elgin and at Carleton College, Northfield, Minn. After that he followed teaching winters and farming summers until 1895. Then in December, that year, he rented his father's farm of 237 acres in Elgin Township, and operated it continuously until November, 1919, when he retired and moved to Elgin Village. While living on the farm, his father gave him three acres of it, on which he erected a fine residence, in which he resided until his retirement. When the creamery association was organized he became secretary of the board, a position that he held for sev¬ eral years. He was vice president of the Farmers and Merchants State Bank from the time it was organized until 1920, when he was succeeded by Thomas Richardson. For a number of years he has been secretary of the Old Set¬ tlers' Association of Elgin. Always known as a patriotic citizen, and long recognized as an able business man, his services were naturally called into requisition during the recent world war, and he readily and cheerfully re¬ sponded, taking an active part in all local war work, including the War Sav¬ ing Stamps, the third, fourth and fifth Liberty Loan drives and Y. M. C. A. drives, and being township chairman of United War Work in 1918, including the Christmas Roll Call, the Red Cross drive in December 1918, and the Christ¬ mas Seal Sale in December, 1919, besides other patriotic activities.

Mr. Richardson was first married, September 6, 1891, to Mary E. Rollins, who was born on her parents' farm in Elgin Township, October 10, 1867, daughter of Irvin W. and Ellen (Keith) Rollins. She died after months of suffering patiently endured, at St. Mary's Hospital, Rochester, Minn., on

December 28, 1908. Beneath a modest, quiet demeanor, Mrs. Mary E. Rich¬ ardson concealed a force of character, a richness of mental endowment, a capacity of doing thngs, and a steadiness and sanity of religious life that were little suspected except by her most intimate friends. The memory of her unselfish devotions, of the beauty and serenity of her faith, of her wifely and sisterly love, will ever be to them an incentive to Christian living, and an admonition to brave and high endeavor.

On April 17, 1911, Mr. Richardson married, secondly, Phebe Fisk, who was born in Kent, England, daughter of William M. and Rachel (Gower) Fisk. She came to America in 1907 and the first four years of her residence in this country were spent in California. It was in 1911, when she was visiting a cousin in Elgin, that she first met Mr. Richardson, and the attachment grew up which ended in their marriage. On February 4, 1913, a son, John Wil¬ liam, was born to them. Mr. and Mrs. Richardson are highly respected in the community. During the war period she was chairman of the Council of National Defense of Elgin Village and Township. While still residing in England Mrs. Phebe Richardson became a member of the Baptist church. On June 4, 1920, both she and her husband united by letter with the Meth¬ odist Episcopal church of Elgin, Mr. Richardson having formerly been a mem¬ ber of the Congregational church. Their son John also joined on the same day.

John W. Dill, a pioneer, was born in Germany, and was there reared. He came to America in 1843, and located on a farm near St. Louis, Mo., where on December 12, 1856, he married Margaret Wax, a native of Germany. In 1864 they came to Reads and settled at Read's Landing, where the father was employed at teaming and other work. He died May 2, 1882. The mother is making her home with her daughter, Setta, in Wabasha. Mr. and Mrs. Dill were the parents of five children: Louise (deceased), Victoria (deceased), John G., Setta, living in Wabash, Deana, wife of E. M. Schmidt, of WTabasha.

John G. Dill, secretary and treasurer of the R. E. Jones Co., owning and operating a line of grain elevators in Minnesota and Wisconsin, is a leading citizen of Wabasha, ever alive to its best interests, and an enthusiastic believer in its continued prosperity and future possibilities. He was born at Marine, Ill., November 30, 1862, son of John W. and Margaret Dill, who brought him to this country at the close of the Civil War, when he was two years old. He was reared in Read's Landing, this county, and has made his own way in the world since he was 13 years of age, working at such jobs as he could get during the summer months and attended school winters. At the age of 17 he entered the employ of Grub & Miller, general store, at Wabasha as clerk, and remained with their successors, Hirschy & Son. In 1887 he entered the employ of the R. E. Jones Co. and by successive promotions has attained his present position, having remained with the firm continuously except for a year and a half, when he traveled for the Wabasha Roller Mill Co. Since he became secretary and treasurer of the Jones Company in 1904, he has been an important factor in its growth and success. In addition to his business, he has found time for con¬ siderable public service, especially during the war. He has conscientiously avoided political office, but has nevertheless been twice elected an alderman, and in that capacity has done most excellent work. Fraternally he is a mem¬ ber of Wabasha Lodge, No. 14, A. F. & A. M., of which he has been secretary for some years. Mr. Dill was married November 6, 1889, to Elinor Jones, daughter of John Ap. and Elinor Jones, of Cambria, Wis., and to this union have been born three children: Margaret M., John G., Jr., and E. Louise. Margaret M. was born May 30, 1894, attended the Wabasha graded schools, and graduated from the Wabasha High School, attended the University of Minnesota for two seasons, and took special courses in music at Minneapolis for three years, being now instructor of music in the public schools of Monona, Iowa. John G., Jr., was born April 30, 1896, and is a graduate of the Wabasha High School and University of Minnesota. He served his country during the Great War in the Aviation Corps. E. Louise was born June 16, 1903, and is now attending the Downer Seminary at Milwaukee, Wis.

R. E. Jones, president of the R. E. Jones Co., incorporated, of Wabasha, one of the largest business concerns in southeastern Minnesota, was born at Cambria, Wis., January 14, 1855, son of John Ap and Elinor (Evans) Jones. The parents, who were natives of Wales, settled in Cambria in 1845, the year in which they came to America, which was soon after their marriage, as their son, R. E., was their first born child. The children subsequently born to them are: John D., who is now deceased; Richard, a resident of Foster, Wis.; Mary, deceased; Susan, who is principal of the Jefferson School at Winona, Minn., and Elinor, wife of John G. Dill of Wabasha. The father, John Ap Jones, was engaged in the elevator and grain business in Cambria until his death. His wife, who survived him, died in Wabasha at the home of her son, the subject of this sketch. R. E. Jones, who acquired his education in the public schools of Cambria, Wis., became associated with his father in the grain business there, and was thus occupied until he was 18 years old. During the next three years he was bookkeeper for Wheeler & Winter, provision dealers of Negaunee, Mich. Then returning home, he went into the grain business with his father and brothers at Cambria, and was in partnership with them subsequently for about ten years. In 1886 he came to Wabasha, Minn., and here became man¬ ager of the Terminal elevator for Henry J. O'Niel of Winona. After being thus engaged for three years he entered into business for himself, in 1889, in Wa¬ basha, in association with J. G. Lawrence, under the firm name of R. E. Jones & Co., and in December of the same year the R. E. Jones Company was in¬ corporated, with J. G. Lawrence as president and R. E. Jones as secretary, treasurer and manager, and has since been actively engaged in business along various lines, dealing in grain, seeds, wool, flour and feed and general produce. The operations of the company have expanded in the course of years until they now have a string of 20 grain elevators in eastern Minnesota and western Wisconsin. They also handle fire and life insurance, and furnish electric light and power to Wabasha city. Progressive and enterprising, Mr. Jones has gained high rank as a business man and has been a potent factor in the develop¬ ment of the community in which he has made his home, and of which he is now one of the leading citizens. For the last 25 years he had been a member of the Wabasha school board. In politics he is a Republican. Though reared in the Presbyterian faith, he is a member of no church, but attends and sup¬ ports the Congregational church in Wabasha. He has taken an active and patriotic part in war activities, having served as chairman of the Y. M. C. A., the Red Cross Society and of the United War Work drives. Mr. Jones was mar¬ ried in April, 1882, to Perrie Williams, daughter of Morris and Perrie Wil¬ liams, of Cambria, Wis. Of this union four children have been born: David M., Perrie, Elinor and Robert. David M., who was graduated from the Wa¬ basha High School, the Minnesota University and the Boston School of Tech¬ nology, is now living in Schenectady, N. Y., in the employ of the General Elec¬ tric Company. Perrie, who was graduated from the Wabasha High School, and from Smith College, Massachusetts, is employed in the New York City library in the department of technology, but during the war with Germany has served with the Y. M. C. A. in Paris, France. Elinor, a graduate of the Wabasha High School and Smith College, is now Mrs. H. G. Cant, of Minneapolis. Robert Ap., who was graduated from the Wabasha High School and from the Minnesota University as electrical engineer, is in the employ of the General Eectric Com¬ pany at Schenectady, N. Y. It will thus be seen that all Mr. Jones's children have received a superior education, fitting them for the higher walks of life, and are making good use of their opportunities for usefulness. Among Mr. Jones's social activities are those connected with his membership in Waupahassa Lodge, No. 14, A. F. & A. M., of Wabasha, and White Oak Camp, No. 2077, M. W. A., also of this city.

William Jacobs, a former resident of Chester Township, Wabasha County, where he was engaged in farming, was a native of Luxemburg, where he grew to manhood and was employed by a ship building company in getting out ship timber. He was married in Beford, Luxemburg, in 1844, to Mary Pline, and for 24 years thereafter continued to reside in his native land. Then in 1868 he came with his wife and family to the United States, proceeding west to Wabasha County, Minn., where he arrived in October. He was well provided with funds, having in his possession about $2,000 in gold. That fall he located on rented land in Pepin Township, about two miles from Reed's Landing, and engaged in farming. After remaining in that location for four years, in 1872 he bought 160 acres in Watonwan County, Minn., between St. James and Medelia and moved there, but left his family here the first season. His prospects in Watonwan County were, however, blasted by the grasshopper scourge and he lost all he had invested there. Returning to Wabasha County, he bought an improved tract of 80 acres in Chester Township and set to work to recoup his fortunes. The family lived on this farm for 18 years, or until Mr. Jacobs' death. He was survived by his wife, who, however, finally passed away. They were the parents of six children: Mary, now the widow of John Beaver of Wabasha; Margaret, the widow of Peter Frisch of Minneapolis; Anna, now Mrs. John Carrels of Wabasha; Catherine, who is the widow of Nicholas Bar¬ tholomew and resides at Bellchester in Chester Township, Wabasha County; Katy, who is the wife of Nicholas Trienem of Morris, Minn., and William T., of Wabasha.

William T. Jacobs, proprietor of a livery, garage and auto bus line in Wa¬ basha city, was born in Luxemburg, February 2, 1861, son of William and Mary (Pline) Jacobs. .He was about seven years old when he accompanied his parents to the United States, and could already read and write, having attended school in his native land. His education was continued up to the age of 18 in the Wabasha public school, and afterwards for a year in St. Francis Academy at Milwaukee, Wis. He then returned to his parents' farm in Chester Town¬ ship, Wabasha County, and remained there until 1888, in the fall of that year coming to Wabasha city. Here in 1895 he engaged in the livery business, to which in 1915 he added a garage and auto department and has since operated an auto bus line. These enterprises he has conducted with good judgment and they have developed to profitable proportions. Mr. Jacobs owns a comfortable home in Wabasha and is numbered among the prosperous business men of the city. Politically a Democrat, he formerly served one term as clerk of Chester Township. On February 5, 1894, he was united in marriage with Catherine, daughter of Adolph and Margaret Funke, who was born in Luxemburg, No¬ vember 5, 1865, and came to this country along about 1888. Shortly after his marriage he sent for his wife's parents to come to this country, and the father subsequently died in Wabasha County, and the mother in Harvey, N. D. To Mr. and Mrs. Jacobs have been born six children, as follow: Margaret, No¬ vember 5, 1894; John P., October 5, 1896; Cecelia, January 27, 1900; William, August 9, 1903; Helen, August 9, 1906; and George, March 2, 1907. Margaret, who was graduated from the Wabasha High School and the Winona Normal School, is now teaching in Wabasha County. John P., who is employed by his father in the latter's garage, enlisted in the spring of 1918 in the U. S. navy, trained at the Great Lakes naval station, and was discharged January 10, 1919, without having seen service abroad. Cecelia was graduated from the Wabasha schools and the Winona Business College, and is now engaged in stenography and typewriting. William, Helen and George are still pursuing their studies. Mr. Jacobs and his family are members of St. Felix parish of the Catholic church in Wabasha, and he also belongs to the Knights of Columbus.

Knute Johnson. - The story of Knute Johnson is that of a successful life. Born in Roros, Norway, December 26, 1830, he came to America in 1853, a young man full of vigor; he worked a short time at railroading in Chicago, went to Iowa in the fall of 1853, and in 1855 became a pioneer of Wabasha County, Minn. At Reed's Landing he found employment in the Marshall sawmill, his wages being $20 a month, and showed such intelligence and industry that he was made foreman, the assistant foreman being Lucas Kuehn, who afterward founded the Kuehn Mercantile Co. at Wabasha. Finally leaving the sawmill, Mr. Johnson went to Trout Creek Valley, Glasgow Township, and bought 400 acres of wild land on which he began farming. To this already large tract he added 160 acres. He remained there until 1877, and then, selling the farm, he bought 600 acres of wild land on Pepin Hill, in section 20, overlooking Lake Pepin, and once again began the work of improvement, in which his sons, when old enough, assisted, and together they cleared 250 acres, built a comfortable two-story frame house, a large barn with full stone basement, and other sub¬ stantial tructures. The work on these buildings Mr. Johnson did chiefly him¬ self, as his original trade was that of carpenter. For 21 years he remained on that farm, engaged in general agriculture, having a first class equipment, and keeping good stock. Then in 1898 he moved to Wabasha that his younger children might enjoy better opportunities for education, leaving the farm in the hands of his sons, John and Charles. He was first married in 1854 to Johanna Christine Schanka, who died in 1873. In 1875 he married Laura Stenerson, who died October 11, 1898. After her death he returned to the farm and remained there until 1914. Then he again took up his residence in Wabasha, where he died October 10, 1915. Mr. Johnson was of a quiet, retiring nature and benevolent disposition. His innate force of character made him widely known and he was universally respected. He served the township at various times in public office, in politics being a republican. For many years he was a stockholder in and director of the First National Bank of Wabasha. Industry and thrift brought him success, and at his death he had acquired upwards of 1,400 acres of land in Wabasha County. By his two successive wives he had eleven children, all of whom are living, namely: Jennie, a resident of Wabasha; James, who is a blacksmith at Crookston, Minn.; Emma, now Mrs. H. C. Stahmann of Winona; Tena, who is the wife of W. C. Brunner of Delano, Calif.; Mabel, now Mrs. Fred Bade of Glasgow Township; Eva Louise, wife of Henry Zeirtz of Delano, Calif.; Della, now Mrs. F. Higgins of Columbia Falls, Mont.; William, a farmer of Glasgow Township, this county; Lloyd K., a farmer at Weaver, this county; and John, born in Iowa, December 13, 1854; and Charles K., born in Glasgow Township, Wabasha County, July 9, 1864, who together own and operate the Pepin Hill farm, following general agriculture, including the raising of grade Shorthorn cattle and Poland-China swine. John, who is unmarried, was always associated with his father on the farm until the elder Mr. Johnson's retirement, and since then he has remained on it. Charles for 20 years followed well digging, but the farm was his home and for a number of years he has continuously resided on it. On November 21, 1906, he married Emma Rother, who was born October 29, 1883, daughter of Charles and Caro¬ line (Cushman) Rother of Theilman, Wabasha County, and they have had three children: Leona, born February 17, 1908; Alvin J. P., born January 20, 1910; and Victor, born in 1914, who died in infancy. The family are members of the Norwegian Lutheran church.