Boston City (part 42 of 67)

Ancestry. - JeiTery Parsons ( i ). of Gloucester, Massachusetts, born in England, 1631, died at Gloucester, August 16, 1689; married November it, 1657, Sarah \'inson, who died January T2, 1708, daughter of William and .Sarah Ainson, of Gl(-)ucester. Tefiferv Parsons left England when (|uite young for l)arbadoes. and Hved there several years with an uncle who went with him from England. He came thence to New England. He had several relatives in England whose names are known from their letters, who appear to have belonged at Ashprington, near Dartmouth. He settled in (Gloucester, where he was a selectman. Children: i. James, born December 18, 1658, died October i, 1733. aged seventy-five; married December 18, 1688. Hannah Younglove, of Ipswich, Massachusetts, who died March 11. 1733. aged seventy-eight. 2. Jcfiery. born January 25. 1661 ; married May 5, 1686, Abigail Younglove, of Ipswich. Massachusetts. 3. Sarah, born April IQ. 1663. 4. John, born May 24, 1666, died December i. 1714; married first. January 19. 1693, Isabella Haynes, who died November 20, 1700; married second, July 29, 1701, Sarah Norton, who died July 25, 1726, aged fiftysix. 5. Elizabeth, born IVIarch 22. 1669. 6. Jeremiah, born Alay 28, 1672, was impressed on board of a man-of-war when young, and is said to have settled in Virginia. 7. Nathaniel, l>orn March 16, 1675. died Alay 21. 1722; married December 2"], 1697. Abigail Haskell. 8. Abigail, born March 25, 1678. 9. Ebenezer, born January 5, 1681. died young. 10. Ebenezer. born January 28, 1682; see forward. (II) Ebenezer Parsons, son of Jefl:ery Parsons (i), born at Gloucester, Massachusetts, January 28, 1682, died December 19, 1763, aged eighty-two years (gravestone); married Lydia Haskell, born September 4, 1681, died October 2, 1734, aged fifty-three years (gravestone), daughter of William and Mary (Brown) Haskell, of Gloucester. He was ])ublislud April 11, 1741, to Mrs. Alice Norwood, and December 4. 1742, to Mrs. Jemima (Nelson-Bennett) Todd, of Rowley, Massachusetts, wdiom he married ; she died April

25. 1752, aged sixty-five, and he married third, October 31. 1754. Mrs. Elizabeth Andrews, of Ipswich. Massachusetts. He was a trader, selectman, deacon and ruling elder of the First Church. His will dated December 15. 1760. probated December 26, 1763, names wife Elizabeth, sons Jacob and Isaac Parsons, son Moses Parsons and daughter L}^dia Low. Children: i. Ebenezer. lost at sea, October

26, 1732, aged twenty-six years. 2. Jacob, married Sarah Redding. 3. Isaac, died July 5, 1767. married 1734. Hannah Burnham. of Ipswich, Massachusetts. 4. Moses, born June 20, 1716, see forward. 5. Lydia. married Low.

(HI) Reverend Moses Parsons, son of Ebenezer Parsons (2), born at Gloucester. Massachusetts, June 20. 1716. died at Newbury. Massachusetts. December 14. 1783: married January 11, 1742. Susanna Davis; she died in P)Oston. December 18. 1794, aged seventy-five years, daughter of Ebenezer and Mary (Wharf) Davis, of Gloucester. He was graduate from Harvard Gollege 1736. and was settled on June 21. 1744. a pastor of the Byfield parish church. In his youth he taught a school for several years, and while preparing himself for the work of the ministry he was chosen to assist Rev. John White of the (Gloucester First Parish: this was in the year 1742. and instead of healing dissensions vvdiich had l<)ng existed in the parish, it made them worse, and he accei)ted a call to Pyfield, where he was distinguished as a preacher and remained, {{is will dated May 21. I77(^. ])rol)ated March 2^ . 1784, names wife .Susanna, sons Moses. Eben, Theojihilus, 'rhcodore and William, and daughters Susanna. Judith and Mary. Children: 1. .Moses, born .May 13. 1744. died 1801. ill. L". I7(>5). 2. I'.benezer. bai)tized March 2. 174'). died 1819: married T7'')7. Mary * lorham. 3. Theophilus, bajjtized January 17, 1748, died Jainiar}' 12, i748-<j, aged twelve months and twelve da\>. 4. rheo])hilus, baptized Februarv 18, 1750; see forward. 5. riieodore, ba])tized .\ngust 4. 1751. (II. G. 1773) 1'^^^ '^'^ ''^'*-' ^t sea on board a ]u-ivateer, about March. T779. 6. Susanna, baptized .\pril 29. 1753. 7. William baptized .August 10. 1755, died March 19, 1837, aged eightytwo years. 8. Judith, baptized November 13, 1757- 9- ^l^ii'y. baptized September 11, 1763.

(IV) Honorable Theophilus Parsons, son of Rev. Moses Parsons (3). born at Byfield. Massachusetts, baptized there February 18. 1750, died at iloston. Massachusetts. October 30, 1813. aged sixty-three years; married January 13. 1780, Elizabeth Cireenleaf. born July 13- 1758. fliefl February 13, 1829, daughter of Hon. Benjamin and Elizabeth (Chauncy) ( Ireenleaf. of Xewbury. ^Massachusetts. ( H. G. 1769). His will dated October 25. 1813, entered ft)r probate November 8, 181 3. names his wife Elizabeth, two sons. Theophilus and XMlliam ; three daughters. Mary Judith. Luc\' and Gharlotte ; son Gharles Ghauncy, daughter Mrs. Watson, his wife ( Elizabeth Parsons ) and his son Gharles Ghauncy Parsons joint executors. Ghildren : i . Gharles Ghauncy, born April 8. 1782, ( H. G. 1801) ; married Judith Parsons, of Gloucester. 2. Theophilus. "born May 17. 1797. (H. G. 1815) ; died at

Gambridge. January 26. 1882. He was Dane professor of law at Harvard University, and an eminent author. 3. William, born February 17, 1800. ( H. G. 1818). 4. Elizabeth, married August 6, 1809, Benjamin Marston Watson. 5. ^lary Judith. 6. Lucy Greenleaf. 7. Gharlotte, born January 26, 1793, died July II, 1830; married November 23. 1820, Gharles Porter Phelps.

X.Xtiiaxiel Bowditgh

-Xathaniel liowditch was born in Salem. March 26. 1773, and died in IJoston, March 16. 1838. lie began life in the forecastle of an l'',ast Indiaman. and a recent writer has said of him: ".Xathaniel liowditch everybody has heard of who ever smelled salt water. He was famous both on sea and shore. His faiue was so extensive and stable that even his contemporaries who used his "Navigator," and w( rked out their problems by use of his tables, often thought of him as being as ancient and famous as Sir Isaac Newton. After his marine ex])erience was over he lived as a (|uiet business man in Salem, not es])ecially conspicuous in a place and at a time when firstrate attainments and achievements were expected of tnany men in many modes of action." In Salem he \\a> president of the Essex Fire and .Marine Insurance Gom])any. Therefore in an intellectual ])oint of view his career is one of the most remarkable and admirable records in history.

The present writer holds in his hand a bound volume of pamphlets, entitled by its former ( )wner " I !( )wditch's Eulogies." The volume was formerly the ])ro])erty of Eliza S. Ouincy, a daughter of an eminent president of Harvard University, and contains her autogra])h. Their titles are ".\ Discourse on the Life and Character" of Dr. I')Owditch. by Alexander "S'oung ( lioston. 1838). 114 pp. A "Eulog}-." by John Pickering ( P>o.ston, 1838), 101 ])p. ; and another '"luilogv" b\- Daniel .\])pleton White ( Salem, 1838 ). - 2. pp.

His parents were Ilabakkuk and Mary Ingersoll liowditch. His ancestors for three generations were shi])masters. and his father on retiring from that luode of hard industry, carried on the trade of a cooper. Ijy wdiich he gained a precarious subsistence for a family of seven children, of which Nathaniel was the fourth. He sailed on his first voyage, at the age of twenty-two, on January 11, 1795, in the capacity of captain's clerk, and w'as absent a vear. In 1800. at the age of twenty-three. he issued the first edition of his "New .\meri- can Practical Navigator," a work which has l)een of immense service to the nautical and commercial interests of this coinitry. By this single act. without doing anything more, he would have conferred a lasting obligation upon his native land. "The Practical Navigator." to the time of his death, was never superseded. He learned the French and Spanish languages without any instructor. Subsequently in life he acc)uired the German and the Italian. In 1790 he began to study Latin in order to read mathemetical works in that language. Having (juitted the sea in 1804 he became the president of the marine insurance company in Salem, which we have already mentioned, and retained that office until 1823. when he was elected to a high position in another insurance compan}'. and removed to Boston at the age of fifty, and spent in that city the last fifteen vears of his life. He was eminently a selftaught and self made man. He became one of the greatest scientific men of his age. He was a contem]ilative. recluse student, and. at the same time, an active public man. At the same time he was one of the most skilful of financiers. He translated and commented on LaPlace "Alecanique Celeste:" the first volume in 1829. the second volume in 1832, and the third volume in 1834; or about one thousand ])ages each, (juarto ; the fourth and last was incomplete at his decease.

On October 28, 1800, he married his cousin, ^lary Ingersoll. as his second wife, daughter of Jonathan and Mary Hodges Ingersoll ; she was born December 4. 1781, and died in Boston. April 17.1834. By his second marriage he had eight children, six of whom (four sons and two daughters") survived him. His first wife was Elizabeth I'oardman, daughter of Francis Pxiardman, married ^larch 25. 1798; she died while he was absent on a voyage, at the age of eighteen years.

Nine years of his life were spent in five voyages upon the sea (four of them to the East Indies). He was the author of many scientific articles described by John Pickering, who ventures the remark that the mere mechanical bulk of Dr. Bowditch's work exhibits an amount of actual labor "that astonishes us."

Daniel Appleton White (in 1838) speaking to the inhabitants of Salem, states, that "some of you remember him at school, as an active, bright boy. and uncommonly fond of he (|uitted the school, because of the obligation to go to work. At the age of fifteen he made a manuscript almanac for the year 1790, complete in all its parts ; and so onward.

The names of Dr. Bowditch's brothers and sisters were Mary (who married), Habakkuk. Elizabeth. William (who died in 1799, aged 23). Samuel and Lois (the last named was unmarried, and died about 1808). Five of this number died before the age of twenty-three, and the eldest of them died in 1808. at the age of forty-two. The mother of Dr. Bowditch was a daughter of Nathaniel Ingersoll, and his ancestors were all inhabitants of Salem, where the first was William Bowflitch, who. with his wife Sarah, came from England among the early settlers. Their son William was collector of the port of Salem for the colonial government. He died suddenly in 168 1, leaving a widow named Sarah, and an only son named \\'illiam. who was married to Mary, a daughter of Thomas Gardner. This third William was a respectable merchant, and for many years a representative to the general court. He had been a shipmaster. Among his children was Joseph, who was a man of note in his day, and Ebenezer, the grandfather of Dr. Bowditch, who in 1723 married Mary, daughter of John Turner, an opulent merchant, long a member of the Province Council. Dr. Nathaniel Bov/ditch's father and grandfather were both respectable shipmasters. (D. A. White).

Ancfstry. - William Bowditch (i), was admitted an inhabitant of Salem, ]\Iassachusetts, November 20, 1639. Plis wdfe Sarah joined the church at Salem, May 10, 1640. ]\Ir. Bowditch had a grant of ten acres of land, January 23, 1642, and had another grant of thirty acres, on October [3, 1649. Mr. Bow'- ditch is said to have come to Salem from Devonshire, England. Children: i. William, born about 1640; see forward. 2. Nathaniel, baptized February 12. 1642-3. Nathaniel Bowditch. of Newport. Rhode Island ; sold land in Salem, in 1674.

(II) William Bowditch. son of William Bowditch (i), born at Salem, Massachusetts, about 1640, died before November 12. 1681 ; was a merchant at Salem, and collector of customs at the port of Salem; married Sarah

(HI) Captain William Bowditch, son of William I^)Owditch (2). l)orn at Salem, Massachusetts. September. 1663. died ^lay 28, 1728. Married. August 30, 1688, ]\Iary Gard-

(lA) Captain i^benezer I'owditch, son of Ca])tain William llowditch (3),l)orn at Salem, Massachusetts, .\pril 26. 1703. died February 2. 1768, aged sixty- four; married, ,\ugust 15, 1728, .Mary Turner, born November i, 1706, died May i. 1785. daughter of Colonel John and ^lary ( Kitchen) Turner, of Salem. Children : I. Ebenezer. born September 28, 1729, died August 3, 1771 ; married July 17. 1755. F^lizabelh Cilman, of Ipswich, ^lassachusetts, who died lAd)ruary 11, 1824, aged ninety-two years. 2. John, born .April 3, 1732; married July 12. 1759, 2^1ary Carlton, of Salem. 3. Thomas, born about 1734. died July 29. 1808, aged seventy-four years; married April 21, 1760, Sarah Bancroft, of Lynn. Alassachusetts, who died Eebruary 26, 1808, aged sixtysix years. 4. William, died December 29, 1752, aged eighteen years. 5. Habakkuk, baptized March 5, 1737-8, see forward. 6. Mary, died April 22, 1757, aged fifteen years.

(\") Captain Habakkuk Bowditch. son of Captain Ebenezer Bowditch (4), born at Salem, Massachusetts, baptized ]\Iarch 5, 1737-8, died July 28, 1798; married July 23. 1765, Mary fngersoll. daughter of Ca])tain Nathaniel and Bethia (Gardner) Tngersoll, of Salem. Children: i. Mary, bajitizcd March 30, 1766, died 1808; married Captain David Martin. 2. Habakkuk. baptized Alay 15, 1768. 3. Elizabeth, baptized May 19, 1771. 4. Nathaniel. l)orn March 26, 1773, see forward. 5. Samuel Ingersoll, baptized September 12, 1779. 6. William, baptized September 12, 1779, died '799- 7- Lois, baptized April i, 1781, married Captain Joseph Bowditch.

(\'l) Nathaniel Bowditch. son of Captain Habakkuk Bowditch (5), born at Salem, Massachusetts, March 26, 1773, died at Boston. Massachusetts. IMarch 16, 1838; married first, March 25, 1798, Elizabeth Boardman, daugiiter of Captain Francis and Mary I I lodges) Boardman, who died October 18, 1798. aged nineteen years; married second, ( )ctober 28, 1800, his cousin, Mary Ingersoll, born December 4. 1781. died April 17, 1834, daughter of Jonathan and Mary (Hodges) Ingersoll, of Windsor, Vermont. Children by second wife: i. Nathaniel Ingersoll. born at .Salem. Januar}- 17, 1805. died in Brookline, .Massachusetts.' .\i)ril i6.\86i. (H. C. 1822). .Married .\i)ril 23. 1835. Elizabeth B. Francis. 2. Jonathan Ingersoll, married Lucy One Nichols. 3. Henry Inger.soll, born at Salem, August 9, 1808, died January 14, 1892. (II. C. 1828). 4. Charles Ingersoll, died Eebruary 2[, 1820. 5. Son, died young. 6. Mary Ingersoll. 7. 'William Ingersoll. (H. C. 1838) 8. I-'lizabeth lioardman Ingersoll.

Nathan Dane was born at Ipswich, in the parish of that town called the Hamlet, now the separate town of Hamilton. December 29, 1752. I lis ancestor John Dane came from I'jigland before 1641 and from him Nathan was descended by John (2), John (3), Daniel (4). Daniel (5). the last of whom married Abigail Ihirnham, the mother of Nathan.

lie worked on a farm until he was twentyone, when he prepared himself for college, and entered Harvard, and was graduated there in 1778. lie then taught school and studied law, and began practice in Beverl)-, where he resided until his death, February 15, 1835. He was a representative to the general court of Massachusetts, 1782-85; memlier of Congress. 1785-87; and of the ^Massachusetts senate five years between 1790 and 1798. He held other honors, including an ap])ointment as justice of the court of common pleas, but resigned the ])lace very soon. In 1814 he was a member of the Hartford convention. He was a member of several historical societies. In 1829 he foimded the Dane law professorshiji in Har-

Boston Axd Eastern Massachusetts

\ar(l College, lie was the author of "A General Al)ri(lgnient and Digest of American Caw," a work which gave him a permanent fame. lUit he is stil! better known for the connection of his name wath the Ordinance of 1787, drafted by him for the government of the Northwest Territory of Ohio. In this docnn.icnt the spread and powder of the institution of slavery was checked.

Daniel Webster in his famous "Reply to 1 layne" eulogized him thus : 'T paid a passing tribute of respect to a very worthy man, Air. Dane, of Massachusetts. It so happens that he drew the ordinance of 1787 for the government of the northwest territory. .\ man of so much ability and so little pretence, of so great a capacity to do good and so unmixed a disposition to do it for its own sake, a gentleman wdio had acted an important ])art forty years ago, in a measure the influence of which is still deeply felt, should be remembered." Webster furthur said: "It fixed forever the character of the population in the vast regions northwest of the Ohio, by excluding from them involuntary servitude. It im- ]:>ressed upon the soil itself, wdiile it was yet a wilderness, an incapacity to bear up any other than freeman. It laid the interdict against personal servitude, in original coml>act, not only deeper than all local law, but deeper, also, than all local constitution."

He was notable above all his professional brethren of that time. He acquired in his youth a physical stamina by work on the farm which su])ported him through the unremitted labors of a long life, during sixty of which he ])ursued his studies.

A notice by a contemporary. Rev. Christo- ])her T. Ayer, is printed in Stone's "History of Beverly." from which are made these extracts: "His father was a worthy and substantial farmer, and his parents respectable and excellent persons, of whom he always spoke with veneration and afifection. They had a numerous family - six sons and six daughters - of whom two daughters were living( 1843) one in her I02d year. He was remarkable for his power of long continued application to study. His advantages of education before he was twenty-one were very small. He prepared himself for college in the short space of eight months. He studied law under the well known Judge Wetmore.* His practice from the first was extensive and profit-

*Winiam Wetmore, of Salem, Harvard 1770, was admitted to the bar 1780. He died 1830, and hi.<! daughter wa.s the wife of Judge Jcseph Story.

able. Through growing deafness he was induced gradually, and at length wholly to retire from it. He was appointed on a committee to revise the laws of the State in 1795, and again to a similar duty in 1811 and 1812. He was an elector of president of the United States in 1812, and chosen in 1820 a member of the convention for revising" the State constitution, but on account of deafness did not take his seat. He was distinguished by his ability in debate, knowledge of public business and capacity for discharging it." "We are accustomed," said Mr. Webster (in 1830), "to praise the lawgivers of antic|uity; we help to perpetuate the fame of Solon and Lycurgus ; but I doubt wdiether one single law of anv lawgiver, ancient or modern, has produced eft'ects of a more distinct and marked and lasting character than the ordinance of 'Sy. That instrument was drawn by Nathan Dane, then and now a citizen of Massachusetts. It was adopted, as I think I have understood, without the slightest alteration ; and certainly it has happened to few men, to be the author of a i)olitical measure of more large and enduring consequence."

He bestowed in his lifetime the sum of $15,000 to the Law College of Harvard University. He was also a donor to the Dane Law Library of Ohio. His "General Abridgement and Digest of American Law, with Occasional Notes and Comments," is in nine volumes. It was ])ublished in 1823 and 1829, and is regarded a monument of immense industry and learning. He completed another of nearly equal extent in manuscript, entitled. "A Moral and Political Survey of America." He could study and write at least twelve hours a day. and neither, as he said himself, the care of children, nor the cares or want of property have interfered with his studies. At the time when he commenced this and his law works (in 1782) there were only fragments in the country on either subject. His writings are marked with a neglect of style, his object, when composing, being to pursue the thought before him, and simply to make his views intelligible to others. He had no graces of style, either native or borrowed : neither did he seek for such. To instruct and convince was his aim.

He was rigidly simple in his habits and manners, and in all that he did. His eloquence was that of fact and argument. His life throughout was one of constant and wonderful diligence. He was never before his last illness confined to his house bv sickness more than two days at a time, and tliat very rarely. He took regular rather than a great deal of exercise, and that was walking chiefly. The qualities of his intellect were altogether of the solid kind. He had little acquaintance with the lighter branches of literature. His judgment was singularly discriminating and well balanced. Few ever lived who were less biased by passion or prejudice. In the management of public affairs he was cautious, firm, sagacious and able, and he was correspondingly .skilful in conducting his private business. Although he was long in the practice of loaning money to many dift'erent individuals, he never incurred pecuniary loss in this way. He was remarkably free from the indulgence of resentful or vindictive feelings. To the excellent partner of his life he was united for fifty-five years, and she survived him. Without children of his own, he was as a father to many. He assisted several of his relatives to a liberal education, and others he aided to establish in life. If a ])rudent economy reigned in his family, so did also a ready ho.spitality. Few laymen have si)cnt so much time in the study of theology. Rarely has there been one that had ])roposed to himself so much, who lived to see his objects so fully accomi)lishe(l.

Anckstrv. - John Dane (i), of Uerkhamsted, T'ishoji's Stortford, Herts. England, and of Ipswich and Roxbury, ^lassachusetts, died at Roxbury. September 14, 1658, married

Agnes Chandler, widow of William Chandler, of Roxbury ; she married third, .\ugust 9, 1660, John I'arminter, of Sudbury. Massachusetts. Children: 1. John, see forward. 2. Elizabeth, died at l])swich, Massachusetts, January 21, 1^^)93, married James How, who died at Ipswich, May 17, 1702. 3. Francis, minister at Andover, Massachusetts, died there February 17. 1696-7; married first. Elizabeth Ingalls. wdio died at .Andover, June 9. 1676; married second. September 21. 1677. Mrs. Mary Thomas, wdio died February 18, 1688-9; married third. 1690. ]\rrs. Hannah (Chandler) Abbot, who died June 2. 171 t.

10, 1679. married August 24. 1658. William Chandler, of Andover. Massachusetts. 2. John, born at Ipswich about 1644; see forward. 3. .Sarah, born about 1645, died December 28. 1702. married September 23, 1668, Daniel Warner. Jr., of Ipswich, Massachusetts, who died November 24, 1696. 4. Philemon, born about 1646, died October 18, 1716; married first, October 7, 1685, ^lary Thompson ; married second, December 25, 1690, Ruth Converse, of Woburn, Massachusetts, who died January 12, 1735-6. 5. Rebecca, married James Hovey. 6. Elizabeth, married Reginald booster, Jr.

(Ill) John Dane, son of John Dane (2). died December 2;^, 1707, "in ye 65th year of his age." (Gravestone at Hamilton). Married December 2/. 1671. Abigail Warner, daughter of Daniel and Elizabeth (Denne) Warner, of I])swich. Massachusetts. Children: I. John, born November 29, 1681. 2. Daniel, born about 1689, see forward. 3. Susannah, born March 6, 1685-6. buried March 24. 1687. 4. Nathaniel, born June 27, 1691, died June, 1760; married first. 1712. Elizabeth i 'otter, married second. March. 1716-17. Anna Low. who died {-"ebruary. 17301 ; married third. December 27,, 1732, Esther Kimball, of W enham. Massachusetts. 5. Abigail, born December 15. 1673. married March 27. 1705. Josejjh Crackbone, of Cambridge. 6. Rebecca, born September 18, 1676. 7. Elizabeth, born .March 6, 1678-9.

( I\') Daniel Dane, son of John Dane (3), born at Ipswich. Massachusetts, about 1689, died there January 22, 1730-1 ; married first. March 16. 1714, Lydia Day, born October 27, 1694; married second. Mary Annable, widow of Matthew Annable. of I]:)swich. Children : I. Daniel, born about 1716; see forward. 2. John, born about 1719, died at Gloucester, Massachusetts, July 21, 1793, in the 74th year of his age. 3. Mary, born about 1721. 4. Lydia, born al)out 1725. 5. Nathan, born about 1727.

( \' ) Daniel Dant^. son of Daniel Dane (4), born at Ipswich, Massacliiisetts, about 1716, died October 15, 1768; married (published January 5, 1739-40), Abigail Burnham, born -Vugust 31. 1717. died Se]:)tember 3. 1799, daughter of David and Elizabeth (Perkins) r>urnham, of Ipswich. His will dated Octol)er 5, 1728. ])roved November 28. 1768, names wife Abigail, six sons and six daughters, whose names appear in the list of his children here given: Children: i. Daniel, married (pub- lished January 12, 1771) Sarah Goodhue. 2. Nathan, born December 27, 1752. see forward. 3. Samuel, married Plannah EUingwood. 4. John, died at Beverly, Massachusetts, March 5, 1829, aged eighty years; married (pubhshed January 2, 1773) Jemima Fellows, who died at Beverly, ^April 28, 1827. 5. Benjamin. 6. Jose])h. 7. Abigail. 8. Lydia, died August 23, 1845, aged one hundred years eight months five days: married October 19, 1773, Thomas A]i])leton, of J>everly, Massachusetts, who died September 14, 1830, aged ninety years. 9. Elizabeth. 10. Sarah, married (published January 26, 1771), Ebenezer EUingwood, of Eieverly, Massachusetts. 11. Lucy. 12. Molly, married (published June 15, 1776), William EUingwood, of Beverly, Massachusetts.

(VI) Nathan Dane, son of Daniel Dane (5). born at Ipswich, Massachusetts, December 27, 1752, died at Beverly, Massachusetts, February 15, 1835, married November 14, 1799, Polly Brown, who died April 14. or April 24, 1840, aged ninety years. The will of Hon. Nathan Dane, of Beverly, dated August 17, 1830, probated April 7, 1835, names his wife Polly, and mentions bequests to a large number of relatives, viz. : Nathan Dane, of Kennebunk, Maine; Nathan D. Appleton, Alfred, Maine ; nephew Joseph Patch and his sister Lea fa Patch ; nephew Daniel Appleton and his sister Lydia Lamson, with proviso regarding their aged mother ; nephew Samuel Dane and his brother John G. Dane, and their nephew Nathan Dane ; besides becjuests to the four sisters of said Samuel and John, daughters of "my brother Daniel Dane, deceased ;" and to the children of his daughter Sally, deceased ; niece Elizabeth Dodge and her son Nathan D. Dodge, she being the widow of Andrew Dodge - her sons Samuel and Nathan ; niece Harriet Tuck; Ezra Cleaves, Jr., and his two sisters, Nancy Sargent and Sally Glidden ; grandnephew N. D. EUingwood ; Samuel W. Cox ; Sarah W. Cox and Lucy ^\^ Cox, "daughters of my niece Nabby Cox,"" their sister Deborah Cox, their brother Ebenezer ,Cox ; his nephew William Whipple, to whom he gave a farm in Dunbarton, New Flampshire, said Whipple supl)orting his mother; and he gave legacies to her five daughters, and to the children of her daughter Sally deceased; niece Esther Stanly; Sally Clarke ; nephew Joseph Dane of Kennebunk, Maine, to be residuary legatee. After the death of his wife a certain sum was devised to Harvard College.

It is said of him that he made "no delays in his youth ;"' and he was graduated at Harvard in 1798, received degrees of LL. D. from Brown, 181 5; Harvard, 1821 ; and Dartmouth, 1824. His education before entering college was received under the direction of AWlliam Harris, afterwards president of Columbia College. He studied law with Chief Justice Samuel Sewall; in Marblehead, and later with Judge Samuel Putnam, and was admitted to the bar in 1801. In politics he was a Democrat, and as such was almost alone among the lawyers of his county. He was a member of the house of representatives in Alassachusetts in 1805, 1806 and 1807; a member of congress in 1808; again a member of the legislature from 1809 to 1812, and was sjieakcr of the house in 181 1. In 181 1 he was appointed associate justice of the supreme court of the L^nited States. He was then only thirty-two years old. He was appointed Dane professor of law at Harvard University in 1829, and in the same year removed from Salem to Cambridge. Here he resided until his death. He was learned in the law, and had a wonderful fluency in the use of language, both '^]:ioken and written, and nothing distinguished him more than his industry.

Among his law publications were "Selection of Pleadings in Civil Actions, with Annotations,'" 1805; "The Public and General Statutes passed by Congress from 1789 to 1827," and in 1836 and 1845, supplements to these, were edited by him ; "Commentaries on the Law of Bailments, with Illustrations from the Civil and Foreign Law," 1832; "Commentaries on the Constitution,'" 1833; "Commentaries on the Conflict of Laws, Foreign and Domestic, in regard to Contracts, Rights and Remedies, and especially in Regard to ^klarriages. Divorces. Wills, Successions and Judgments,'" 1834; "Commentaries on Equity Jurisprudence as Administered in England and America," 1835 and 1836; "Commentaries on Equity Pleadings and the Incidents Thereto, according to the Practice of the Courts of Equity in England and America," 1838 ; "Commentaries on the Law of Agency as a Branch of Commercial and Maritime Jurisprudence, with Occasional Illustrations from the Civil and F"oreign Law."" 1839; also in 1841, 1843 jnclge Story, amid vast and constant labor as a lawyer, professor, jurist and author, found time for a long and interesting number of productions from his pen of a purely literary character. He delivered in Salem a eulogy of George \\'ashington, 1800; a eulogy on Captain James Lawrence and Lieutenant .\. C. Ludlow, 1813; a sketch of the life of Samuel Dexter, 1816; a charge to the grand juries of the circuit courts at Boston and Providence, 1819; a charge to the grand jury of the circuit court of Portland, 1829; an address before the members of the Suffolk bar, 1821 ; another before the Phi Beta Kappa Society of Harvard, 1826; another before the Essex Historical Society, 1828; another on his inauguration as Dane IVofessor of Law at Harvard University, 1829; another on the dedication of the cemetery at Mount Auburn, 1 83 1 ; on the funeral obsecjuies of John Hooker Ashmun, 1833; on the life, character and ser- \ ices of John JNIarshall, LL. D., 1835; lectures on the science of government, 1838; and a discourse before the alumni of Harvard College, 1842; a charge to the grand jury of Rhode Island on treason, 1845; and many other occasional speeches and pamphlets.

George Bailey Loring, in his estimate of the character of Joseph Story, from which the above items are taken, says, "America has produced but few men e(|ual in all respects to Judge Story, .As a student he combined patience, diligence, comprehension and enthusiasm to a most extraordinary degree. He turned liis attention in his early life to the hardest of all sciences, in which dispassionate judgment and cold deliberation are essentially re- (|uired. And yet he filled the temple of the law with a genial warmth and a radiant glow which could not be surpassed by any work of taste and imagination, and has rarely been e(|ualled in those spheres which are dedicated to fervor and devotion. . . His mind, with its vast grasp and broad understanding, worked on with the ra])idity of light. . . He was a great lawyer, a great author, a great citizen."

His decisions, 1812-15, are in "Gallison's Reports;" 1816-30, in "Mason's Re])orts ;" 1830-39, in "Sumner's Reports;" and 1839-45, in "Story's Reports." Three unprinted manuscript volumes were finished just before his death, and were deposited in the Harvard College Library. These volumes were entitled "Digest of Law Sup]:>lementary to Comyns."

The mere recapitulation of his published literary labor is alone encjugh to appall an ordinary mind. The judgments delivered by him on his circuit comprehend thirteen volumes. The Reports of the Supreme Court during his judicial life occupy thirty-five volumes, of which he wrote a full share. His various treatises on legal subjects cover thirteen volumes, besides a volume of Pleadings. He edited and annotated three different treatises, with copious notes, and published a volume of Poems. The above, and much else, is mentioned in an enumeration by his son and biographer.

Dr. Francis Lieber, in a letter dated 1857, writes, "His name will forever grace the list of leading men in a period oi our country which we fear was greater than that in which we live." Eminent contemporaries, such as Chancellor Kent and Lord Brougham, pronounced judgments upon him, in eff'ect, that lie was "the first jurist living."

.\nck.stry. - Elisha Story (i ), of Boston, Massachusetts, died there September 20, 1725, aged forty-two years ; married first, October 17.1706, Lydia Emmons, born 1685, died July 27. ^7^3,- daughter of lienjamin and Mary Emmons, of ISoston : married second October 1. 1713, Mrs. Sarah ( Stocker ) Renouf, of lloston, who died June 2S, 1741, aged fiftyeight years. Mr. Story was a cordwainer by occupation, and his homestead was on the spot where the Revere Ifouse now stands. The will of Elisha Story, dated January 6, 1723, probated September 30, 1725, mentions wife Sarah, and her two children, Clement Renouf and Rebecca Renouf. whom she had by her termer husband, to whom were given lands in .Xottingham, .\'ew ilampshire; and his only son. William Story, and his only daughter, Lydia IJox. were given his real estate in Boston, lie was admitted a member of the Old South Church, l>oston, .\])ril 18, 1705. Child by first wife: 1. Elisha, born July 19, 1713. died young. Children by second wife: 2. .Sarah, born September 8, 1714, died young.

( H ) William Story, son of Elisha Story ( 1 ), born at Boston, IMassachusetts, April 2^. 1720, died at Marblehead, Massachusetts, November 24, 1799. aged eighty years; married first, August 13, 1741, Elizabeth Marion, born September 22, iy2i, daughter of Joseph and Elinor (Bridge) Alarion, of Boston; marrie<l second. April ii, 1747, Joanna Ajipleton,

1775, daughter of Major Isaac and Priscilla ( Baker) Appleton, of Ipswich, ^Massachusetts ; married third, February 29, 1776, Abigail Marshall. William Story was deputy-register of the court of vice-admiralty at Boston. Children by first wife: i. Ellen, born May 8, 1742. 2. Elisha. born December 3, 1743. see forward. 3. Elizabeth, born September 9, 1745. Children by second wife: 4. William, born March 17, 1747-8. 5. Isaac, born September 9, 1749, died at Marblehead, October 23, 1816, aged sixty-seven years; married December 19, 1771. Rebecca Bradstreet, of Mar- Ijlehead : he was pastor of the Unitarian church in Marblehead. and his father-in-law was his predecessor. 6. John, born August 6, 1754. 7. Sarah, born July 28, 1756. 8. Ebenezer, born August 7, 1757. 9. Daniel, died at Marietta, Ohio, December 30, 1804, pastor of church there ; graduate of Dartmouth College.

(Ill) Doctor Elisha Story, son of William Story (2), born at Boston, ^Massachusetts, December 3, 1743, died at ]^Iarblehead, Massachusetts, August 27, 1805, aged sixty-two years; married first (published at Boston, May 14, 1767), Ruth Ruddock, born at Boston, March 5, 1745-6, died at Marblehead, March 21, 1778, aged thirty-two years, daughter of John and Tabitha (Drinker) Ruddock, of Boston ; married second, November 29, 1778, Mehitable Pedrick. baptized June 4, 1758, died at Boston, 1847, daughter of John and Mehitable (Stacy) Pedrick, of Marblehead. He was a pupil of John Lovell at the Boston Latin School, and later studied medicine. In 1774 he removed to Maiden, Massachusetts, with his family, and took an active part in the affairs of the town, and was a member of the committee of correspondence there in 1775-

1776, and later removed with his family to Marblehead. He was a surgeon in Colonel Little's regiment in the Revolutionary W^ar. He was present at the battle of Lexington and at Bunker Hill, was in the campaign around New York and at battles of White Plains and Trenton. Early in his life he had joined the Sons of Liberty, and was one of the members of the Boston Tea Party. Pie is notable as the father of eighteen children, seven by his first wife, of whom we only find the names of five, and eleven by second wife. Children by first wife: T. John. 2. Tabitha, married November 4. 1792. Nathaniel King Devereux. of Marblehead. 3. Abiel. died December 12. 1829; married February 2. 1799. Huldah

Clough. of Marblehead. 4. Elisha. 5. William, married August 0, 1797, Betsey Patten, of Marblehead. Children by second wife: 6. Joseph, born September 18, 1779, see forward. 7. Isaac, baptized March 2, 1783. 8. Betsey, baptized December 5., 1784, married January 19. 1808, Captain Joseph White, of Salem. 9. Charlotte, baptized October 19, 1788, married October 25, 1810, John Forrester, of Salem. 10. Caroline, baptized October 31, 1790. II. Horace Cullen, baptized November 4, 1792. died at New Orleans, Louisiana, 1823. 12. Franklin Howard, baptized March 22, I795- I3- Frederick Washington Chatham, baptized April 5, 1797. 14. P21oisa Adaline. baptized October 20, 1799; married February 20, 1820, John Tucker Mansfield, of Salem. 15. Hitty. married June 17. 1804. Captain William Fettyplace, of Marblehead. 16. Harriet, married August 9, 1808, Captain Stephen White, of Salem.

( I\' ) Judge Joseph Story, son of Dr. Elisha Story (3), born at Marblehead, Massachusetts, September 18. 1779, died at Cambridge, ?ilassachusetts, September 10, 1845 J married first, December 9, 1804, Mary Lynde Oliver, born at Marblehead, December 20, 1781, died at Salem, June 22, 1805, daughter of Rev. Thomas Fitch and Sarah (Pynchon) Oliver, of Marblehead ; married second, at Boston, August 28, 1808, Sarah \\^etmore, born at Salem, Massachusetts, May 24, 1784, died at Boston, [Massachusetts, August 22, 1855, daughter of William and Sarah (Waldo) Wetmore. Children, all by second wife: i. Caroline, born June, 18 10, died February 28, 181 1. 2. Joseph, born June, 1811, died October 19, 181 5. 3. Caroline Wetmore, born April 4, 1813, died April i, 1819. 4. Mary, born April 9, 1814, died March 28, 181 5. 5. Mary Oliver, born March 10. 18 17, died April 28, 1848. 6. William Wetmore, born February 19, 1819, died at \'allambrosa, Italy, October 7, 1895; married October 31, 1843, Emelyn Eldridge, of Boston. 7. Louisa, born May, 1821. died May 10, 1831.

Edward Augustus Holyoke

Dr. Edward Augustus Holyoke, a physician of Salem, was born in Marblehead, August I, (old style, eighteenth century; new style, .\ugust 12). 1728, and died in Salem, March 31. 1829, in his one hundred and first year. His funeral took place April 4 following, at the North Church, and the Rev. John Brazier delivered an appropriate and interesting discourse.

He was noted for his various excellencies, as well as for his longevity. His father was a president of Harvard College, and the son was a graduate of that college in 1746. He was a diarist, and preserved in handwriting many interesting things regarding the customs and peculiarities of a very early generation. His record is also valuable as an account of the weather. He recorded the fact that in 1732 "very broad-brimmed hats were worn :" his father had a beaver whose brims were at least seven inches ; they were all cocked triangularly. I'ulling them ofif, by way of saluatation, was the invariable fashion of all who had any breeding. In 1748 he notes the fact of a deep snow. In 1738, "square-toed shoes were going out of fashion." He began practice in 1749. In 1755 he gives an account of the notable earthquake of November 18. In 1757, he records the event of "very cold weather." He liad a case of "spotted fever" in his charge, 1761. In 1768 he records, "Points put up;" referring to early lightning rods. In 1783 he was elected a ruling elder of the North Church. In 1788 he received information from Dr. Priestly about the manufacture of saleratus.

He remembered a temi)orary monument to Lady Arbella Johnson, who deceased in 1630, which once stood in a later neglected cemetery in Salem. In 1801 he was interested in the new enterprise of building a turnpike. In 1827 President Adams (ex- President John O. Adams) visited him. In 1828 the centennial of the event of his birth was observed in Salem, on August 13, by about fifty physicians, who had a public dinner in his honor, of which one has said : "Though one hundred years old he appeared among them with a firm step and a cheerful look;" and "the compliment (so intended for him) was richly deserved."

in conclusion it may be remarked that he was the son of President Edward Holyoke, of Harvard College. He was the first person on whom the degree of doctor of medicine was conferred by that college, and he afterwards received the degree of doctor of laws. He was the first president of the Massachusetts Medical Society, among the original members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and at one time its president. He was at the time of his death the president of the Salem Athenaeum, the Essex Historical Society, of the Salem Savings Bank, and of the Salem Dispensary.

and walked to the Essex House, where the dinner was given. He published many medical articles in the reviews of his profession, and scientific papers in the "Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences." "He possessed great repose of body and spirit, and that balance of powers which usually attends longevity." - (G. B. Loring.)

AxcESTRY. - Edward Holyoke (i), formerly of Tamworth, Warwickshire, England, died at Rumney Marsh, Boston, Massachusetts, May 4, 1660; married June 18, 1612, Prudence Stockton, daughter of Rev. John Stockton, rector of Kinkolt, in Leicestershire, England. Children: i. Elizabeth, married George Kezar. of Salem. Massachusetts. 2. Anne, married October 17, 1643, Thomas Putnam, of Salem. Massachusetts. 3. John, died in England, March 5, 1635-6. unmarried 4. Elizur ; see forward. 5. Sarah, married Andres, of Salem, Massachusetts. 6. Mary, married February 10. 1646. John Tuttle. of Rumney Marsh, Boston, Massachusetts. 7. Susanna^ married

(II) Captain Elizur Holyoke, son of Edward Llolyoke (i), born at Tamworth, Warwickshire, England, died at S])ringfield, Massachusetts, February 6, 1676; married first, November 20, 1640, Mary Pynchon, died October 20, 1657, daughter of William Pynchon, of Roxbury and Springfield, Massachusetts; married second, 1658, Mrs. Editha (Stebbins-Day) Maynard, of Hartford. Connecticut. He was one of the most distinguished inhabitants of Springfield, whence he removed from Lynn ; recorder of all the courts of the new county iif Hami)shire. captain of the military company, member of the general court, and the one from whom Mount Holyoke, on the north of Sj)ringfield, was named. Children: i. John, born August 27. 1641. died (October 8. 1 64 1. 2. John, born September 5. 1642, died February 6. 1711-12, unmarried. 3. Hannah, born June 9. 1644. died February r. 1677: married Samuel Talcott. of Weathersfield. Connecticut. 4. Child, born May 21, 1646, died same day. 5. Samuel, born June 9, 1647, died October 31, 1676. 6. Edward, born August 8, 1649, f^'ied June 16, 1708. 7. Elizur, born October 13, 1651; see forward. 8. Mary, born November 14, 1656, died January 14, 1678; married February 5, 1676-7, James Russell. Esq.. of Charlestown. Massachusetts.

171 1 ; married January 2, 1677, Mary Eliot, born October 6, i<')55. daughter of Jacob and Mary ( Powell-Wilcox) Eliot, of Boston. Massachusetts. He went to Boston, became a brazier ; was a man of influence and wealth, and was one of the founders of the old South Church. Children: i. Elizur, born March 28, 1679, (lied I'Vbruary, 1701. 2. Edward, born September 30, 1680, died November 30, 1680. 3. Mary, born September i, 1681, married September 17, 1713, William Arnold, of Boston, Massachusetts. 4. John, born February 10, 1683, married January 9. 1727, Mrs. Joanna ( Oeen ) Walker. 5. Hannah, born October 12, 1685. died September 4, 1686. 6. Hannah, born February 15, 1686-7; married first, January 27, 1720. Captain John Char nock, of Boston, Massachusetts; married second, intention dated, November 9, 1727, Theophilus Burril, of Lynn, Massachusetts. 7. Edward, born June 25, 1689; see forward. 8. Samuel, born June 25. 1689, drowned March, 1692. 9. Samuel, born March 21. 1693. died March 16. 1768; married January 14. 1724. Elizabeth Brigham. of Boston, Massachusetts. 10. Sarah, born February 2, 1695, died September h, 1755; married April 3, 1723. John Eliot, of Boston, Massachusetts. 11. Jacob, born November 6, 1697, died September 19, 1768; married August 13, 1730. Susanna Martin, of Boston. Massachusetts.

(IV) Reverend Edward Holyoke. son of Elizur Holyoke (3). born at Boston, Massachusetts. June 25. 1689, died June i, 1769; married first, August 8. 171 7. Elizabeth Browne, baptized February 21. 1691-2. died Augu.st 15, 1719. daughter of Captain John and Elizabeth ( Legg) Browne, of Marblehead. Massachusetts; married second, August 16, 1725, Margaret Appleton, born March 19, 1701. died June 25, 1740, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Rogers) Appleton, of Ipswich. Massachusetts; married third. March 17. 1742.

Epes. of Ipswich. Massachusetts, she died March 23, 1790, ae. 92 years. He was president of Harvard College, 1737, until his death. Ordained minister at Marblehead, April 25, 1 716. Children by first wife: i. Elizabeth, born June 22. 1718. died July 5, 1718. 2. Elizabeth, born May 20. 1719, died January 2, 1720. Children by second wife: 3. Margaret, born September 22. 1726. died December 21, 1792; married, intention May 28, 1750. John Mascarene. 4. Edward Augustus, born August I, 1728; see forward. 5. Alary, born April 30. 1730. died October i, 1741. 6. Elizabeth, born

Caleb Cushing

Mr. Cushing graduated in 1817 at Harvard College, where he was a tutor 1820-21. He was admitted to the bar in 1822. He began the practice of the law in Newburyport ; was a representative in the Massachusetts legislature in i825,-'26,-'33,-'34,-'5o,-"58,-'59; and a representative in congress from 1835 to 1843. From 1843 to 1845 ^^^ ^^'^^ United States minister to China, where he negotiated the famous treaty with the nation; from 1852 to 1853 he was judge of the supreme judieial court of Massachusetts; and from 1853 to 1857 attorney-general of the United States. In 1873 he was counsel for the United States before the Geneva arbitration. From 1874- 1877 he was Minister to Spain. On the 15th day of January, 1847, '""^ was commissioned colonel of the Massachusetts regiment, and led it to Mexico. While serving there, April 14. 1847, he was made brigadier-general, and held the office tlirough the war till July 20, 1848. He was the first mayor of Newburyjiort, 1851-52.

He was the author of "History of Newburyport," 1826; "Principles of Political Economy,"" 1826; "Reminiscences of Spain,'" 1833: "Review of the Late Revolution in France,"' 1833; "Life of William H. Harrison," 1840; "The Treaty of Washington,"' 1873; and numerous orations and speeches and other works. His wife, Caroline W. Cushing, was author of "Letters on Public ^Monuments, Manners, etc., in France and Spain," two volumes, 1832.

Mr. Cushing married, November 23, 1824, Caroline Elizabeth, daughter of the Hon. Samuel S. Wilde, judge of the supreme court of Massachusetts. She was born April 26, 1802, and died without issue, August 28, 1832.

In his death his native state and the nation lost a man who for more than half a century was (listingnished for his learning and elo- (|uence. As legislator and diplomatist, and man of letters, he contributed largely to the literature of his time. He was noted for his conversational powers and forensic talents; and the knowledge of modern languages ; and ])robably "no other man in this country, with the exception of John Ouinc}^ .-\dams, ever brought so much real knowledge to the transaction of business, while his versatility and readiness were equal to his attainments."

Another estimate of his character by a local biographical writer will be read W'ith interest in connection with the above notice, since in it a very pertinent account is given of the ])eculiar nature of his attainments. He was one, it says, who in his varied acquirements and duties made himself easily the leader in this respect in the place of his birth and residence, which from the first was a town, whose sons, daughters and citizens were eminent in letters and active life as statesmen, orators, poets, jurists, clergymen, inventors, and merchants. It was one of the least of Massachusetts cities in territory and population, and Cushing's career from its beginning to its close presented so many sides and angles, so many lights and shadows, so much skill and genius, that it has been compared to the geometrical figure called a polygon ; and he in deeds and words through a long life and under varied circumstances verified the adage, not always true as a general rule, that he was great in everything - a scholar of lofty attainments; an author and an orator equally expert with pen or voice ; a lawyer, profound on the bench, attractive at the bar, and celebrated as a minister of Justice ; as attorney-general for the country uttering opinions which nations were bound to respect; the contemporary of \\'ebster, John Quincy Adams and Charles Sumner, and by many regarded as their compeer ; a diplomatist of high rank - before the Geneva tribunal to arbitrate the Alabama claims, no matter where he was placed, or what he was to do, he was eciual to the occasion.

We must omit here the account of his early life; must say only, in passing, that he surprised the King of Spain by his facility in speaking the Spanish language ; that he spent months in the practice of the pronunciation of foreign tongues, in order that he might be perfect ; that he entered the army actively engaged in the war with Me.xico, under a wave of unpopularity on the part of his Northern fellowcitizens, but this he lived down; that he believed in the extension of the natural boundary of the United States to the Pacific Ocean, at a time when that idea was new. I le has been called a living encyclopedia ; travel and intercourse had made him familiar with facts of a very extensive range. It is also said of him that he astonished foreigners by his knowledge of their language. His knowledge of books and their contents was extraordinary. He read Webster's Unabridged Dictionary through when it first appeared, marked the errors and mistakes', and this as a labor of love. He read, on one occasion to inform himself, fifty-seven volumes of Massachusetts Law Reports; and this he finished in nineteen consecutive days. These statements illustrate to some extent the amount of labor of which he was capable, and his energy in fitting himself for his duties, legal or secular.

Anck.strv. - ^latthew Cushing (i), son of Peter and Susan (Hawes) Cushing, baptized at Hardingham, county Norfolk, England, March 2, 1589, died at Hingham, Massachusetts, September 30, 1660, married August 5, 1613. Nazareth Pitcher, baptized October 30, 1586. died at Hingham. Massachusetts, January 6, 1682. daughter of Henry Pitcher. For the first fifty years of his life his home was at Hardingham and Hingham, county Norfolk,

England, and in 1638 he emigrated with his family to New England and settled at Hingham, where he was prominently engaged in the public affairs of the town and a deacon in the church. The regular Gushing genealogy traces the family back to the fourteenth century, and mentions it as an armorial family. Children all born in England: i. Daniel, baptized April 20, 16 1 9, died at Hingham, December 3, 1700, married first, January 19, 1645, Lydia Oilman, who died March 12, 1689; married second, Mrs. Elizabeth (Jacob) Thaxter, who died November 24, 1725. 2. Jeremiah, baptized July, 162 1, lost at sea, sea captain, married March 11, 1662, Mrs. Elizabeth Wilkie. 3. Matthew, baptized April 5, 1623, died January 9, 1701, married February 25, 1653, Sarah Jacob of Hingham. 4. Deborah, baptized February 17, 1625, died September 25, 1700, married May 9, 1648, ^Matthias Briggs of Hingham. 5. John, born 1627, see forward.

(H) Honorable John Cushing, son of Matthew Cushing (i), born in England, 1627, died at Scituate, Massachusetts, March 31, 1708, married at Hingham, Massachusetts, January 20, 1658, Sarah Hawke, baptized at Hingham, Massachusetts, August i, 1641, died at Scituate, Massachusetts, March 9, 1679, daughter of Matthew and Margaret Hawke. He was a selectman ; county magistrate ; an assistant in the Old Colony of Plymouth, 1689 to 1691 ; representative to the general court at Boston, 1692, and for several following years; member of the council, 1706-1707; and colonel of the Plymouth County regiment. Children, except first, born at Scituate: i. John, born at Hingham, April 28, 1662, died at Scituate, January 19, 1737, married first. May 20, 1668, Deborah Loring, of Hull, who died June 8, 1713, married second, March 18, 17 14, Mrs. Sarah (Thaxter) Holmes. 2. Thomas, born December 26, 1663, died at Boston, Massachusetts, October 3, 1740, married first Deborah Thaxter, of Hingham, who died February 16, 1712, married second, December 18, 171 2, Mrs. Mercy (Wensley) Brigham, who died April, 1746. 3. Matthew, born February, 1665, died May 18, 171 5, married at Hingham, December 27, 1694, Deborah Jacob, who married second, September 13, 1726, Benjamin Loring. of Hull, Massachusetts, and died November 30, 1755- 4- Jeremiah, born July 13, 1666. died May 30, 1710. married April 12, 1693, Judith Parmenter. 5. James, born January 27, 1668, married first, January 18, 171 1, Sarah House, who died ]\Iay 2, 17 12, married second, December 10, 1 7 13, Mary Barrell. 6. Joshua, born August 27, 1670, died at Pembroke, Massachusetts, May 26, 1750, married May 31, 1699, Mary Bacon, of Alarshfield, Massachusetts. 7. Sarah, born August 26, 1671, died -August 8, 1701^ married at Scituate, December, 1689, David Jacob, who died February 10, 1748. 8. Caleb, born January, 1673, see forward. 9. Deborah, born 1674, baptized October 4. 1675, died October 18, 1770, married first, April 19, 1699, Lieutenant Thomas Loring, who died at Duxbury, Massachusetts, December 5, 1717, and married second, February 18. 1727, Sylvester Richmond, Esquire, of Little Compton, Massachusetts, now Rhode Islan 1. 10. Alary, born August 30, 1676, died March. 1698, unmarried. ir. Joseph, born September 23, 1677, married January i, 171 1, Mary C. Pickels, who died November 30, 171 1. 12. Benjamin, born February 4, 1679, of Barbadoes, 1702.

( HI) Rev. Caleb Cushing, son of Hon. John Cushing ( 2 ) , born at Scituate, Massachusetts, January, 1673, baptized May ii, 1673, died at Salisbury, Massachusetts, January 25, 1752. married Alarch 14, 1698, Mrs. Elizabeth ( Cotton ) Ailing, daughter of Rev. John and Joanna (Rossiter) Cotton, of Plymguth, Massachusetts, and widow of Rev. James Ailing, of Salisbury. Alassachusetts. He was the fourth ]}astor of the first Salisbury church, ordained November 9, 1698. (H. C. 1692.) Children: T. Caleb, born October 10, 1703, see forward. 2. Rev. James. (H. C. 1725) born November 25, 1705, died May 13, 1764, married October 16, 1730. Anna Wainwright, who died February 12, 181D. 99 years. Resided at Plaistow. New Hampshire. 3. Rev. John (H. C. 1729). born April 10, 1709, died at Boxford, Massachusetts, January 25, 1772, married April 8. 1734, Elizabeth Alartin, of Boston, Massachusetts, who died at Durham, Maine, October 18, 1789. Resided at Boxford, Massachusetts.

(I\') Honorable Caleb Cushing, son of Rev. Caleb Cushing (3), born at Salisbury, Massachusetts, October 10, 1703, married November 12, 1730, Mary Newmarch, daughter

Newmarch, of Kittery, Maine. He was a magistrate in Salisbury for upwards of fifty years ; for a long time judge for the county of Essex ; and for twenty-seven years representative to the general court. He was also a deacon of the church, colonel of Essex county regiment, from which in 1756 men were enlisted for the expedition against the French at Crown Point. He was a member of the Gov- cnior s council, 1771-1774; chief justice of the court of common pleas, delegate in 1778 to the constitutional convention, and served in the provincial congress. Children horn in Salishury: i. Henjamin, born January 20, 1739, see forward. 2. Caleb, baptized September 23. 1750, died unmarried.

(V) Benjamin Cushing, son of Hon. Caleb Cushing (4), born at Salisbury, Massachusetts, baptized there. January 20. 1739, married December 17, 1767, Hannah Haseltine. born at Haverhill, Massachusetts, December 12, 1732, daughter of Nathaniel and Abigail (Tenney) Haseltine. He resided at Salisbury and later removed to Newburyport. Children, all except first, born at Salisbury: i. Hannah, born at Haverhill, New Hampshire, March 30, 1769, died young. 2. Caleb, born May 21, 1770, died at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, December 4. 1820. married December 14. 1793. Margaret Hoover, of FMiiladelphia, Pennsylvania, who died July 18, 1847. 3. Mary, born May 11. 1772, died young. 4. Benjamin, born June 21. 1776. died young. 5. John Newmarch. born May 18, 1779. see forward. 6. Nathaniel, born July 29. 1782. died at sea. 7. Mary, born March 22. 1789. died June 13. 1836, married Benjamin Bodily.

(\'I ) John Newmarch Cushing. son of Benjamin Cushing (5). born at Salisbury. Massachusetts. May 18. 1779, died at Newburyport. Massachusetts. January 5, 1849. niarried first. April I. 1799. I.ydia Dow, of Salisbury, died November 6, 18 10, niarried second. Elizabeth Johnson, daughter of Nicholas Johnson, of Xewburyport. Massachusetts; shipmaster, shipowner, and merchant. Children by first wife: I. Caleb, born January 17, 1800, see forward. 2. Lydia, born August 13, 1805, died April 21. T851. Children by second wife: 3. Mary Ann, born March 4, 1816. died August 31. 1831. 4. Philip Johnson, born December II. 1818. died September 29, 1846. 5. John Newmarch. born October 21. 1820, married. May 16, 1843. ]\rary Law-rence. who died August 2. 1898. 6. William, born August 10, 1823, died October 16, 1875, married first, September 23, 1847, Sarah Moody Stone, of Newburyport, who died June 26, 1863, niarried second. May 29, 1866, Ellen M. Holbrook, of Jamaica Plain. 7. Sarah Chickering, born August 10. 1823. died May 9. 1826. 8. Elizabeth, born July 2T,, 1826. died September 19. 1828.

(\'n) Honorable Caleb Cushing, .son of John Newmarch Cushing (6). born at Salisbury, Massachusetts, January 17, 1800, died January 2. 1879, niarried November 23, 1824.

Nathaniel Hawthorne

Whatever charm the career of Nathaniel Hawthorne may ofifer to the public as a master of romance in the field of literary art almost e.N'clusively his ow^n, it is conceded universally that the facts of his life offer little opportunity for the biographer. He was a native of the old town of Salem, was born on Independence Day, July 4, 1804, and died at Plymouth, New Hampshire, May 18, 1864. One well known biographer considers that his work is therefore his record, and the procession of his ideas as successfully formed in the pages of his books arc his only satisfactory and everlasting monument. His character owes much to heredity. His ancestors were of the established Puritan stock in an ancient seaport town, and some of them as a matter of course were seafaring men. 1 lis early days were particularly uneventful. His education was obtained at his birthplace and at Bowdoin College, Maine, where in 1825 he was graduated. Among his early instructors and his classmates were several distinguished men : Dr. Joseph E. Worcester, the lexicographer, John S. C. Abbott, George B. Cheever. Jonathan Cilley, Henry \\'adsworth Longfellow, President Franklin Pierce. Calvin Ellis Stowe, and others. In early life he lived with his mother in the woods of Raymond. Maine, for a period of one year, but after he left college he returned to Salem to live. For twelve years following he was a recluse, and read or wrote by night or day as suited his fancy. He published his first story at his own expense, and only a few hundred copies of this early production were sold. He did considerable stated work for vari()us publications anonymously between 1830 and 1836. but in 1837 he collected the first series of "Twice-Told Tales." followed in 1845 by the second, both in 1851 being reissued together. After 1850 his works and his popularity increased. In 1850 his second novel. "The Scarlet Letter." was issued, and undoubtedly it is the best known and remarkable work of his wonderful genius. The analysis of his writings and their titles is not the object of this article. As a distinguished writer has said, they all bear the mark in common of being early products of the dry New England air : incorporating myths and mysteries of old Massachusetts, including chapters of the fanciful, bathed in a misty moonshiny light, completely neglecting the usual sources of emotion. His most touching peculiarity was his aloofness ; he was outside of everything, an alien everywhere - on the surface - the surface of the soul and the edge of the tragedy - he preferred to remain.

His life is very briefly written. In 1839 he received through influential friends an appointment to a small place in the Boston custom house. In 1841 he spent a few months in the Brook Farm community. He was married in 1842, and lived at Concord till 1846, when he obtained a position in the Salem custom house, and returned there to live. He also resided for two years at Lenox, Massachusetts. In 1853 ^""^ was appointed consul to Liverpool, and he resided afterwards for about seven years in England, France and Italy. He returned to the United States in i860 and resided again at Concord. Early in the year 1864 his health began rapidly to fail, and in May, 1864, he went with ex-President Pierce to the White Mountains, and when they reached Plymouth, New Hampshire, May 18, Flawthorne died in his sleep.

The impressions of his contemporaries in Salem regarding him are interesting. He led among them a quiet and secluded life, characterized by shyness in school, and inconspicuousness in college. His earliest literary work was anonymous, and he was first supposed by his readers to be a woman, who possessed among other qualities, great delicacy of fancy. The volume of "Twice-Told Tales" first brought him a recognized position in the literary world and an enthusiastic welcome. His various ofificial positions were conferred solely for his merit as an author. The supernatural element in his work he allowed nothing to interfere with. His love for personal solitude was his ruling passion. He had no fondness for social pleasures, and never entered into them.

"These our actors, A.s I foretold you, were aU spirits, and Are melted Into air, into thin air; And, like the baseless fabric of this vision. The cloud-capped towers, the gorgeous palaces, The solemn temples, the great globe itself. Yea. all wliicli it inherit, shall dissolve, And, like tliis insubstantial pageant faded. Leave not a rack behind." .

Ancestry.- - William Hathorne (i), of Salem, Massachusetts, was a son of William and Sara Hathorn of Binfield, Berkshire, England ; he was born about 1607, died at Salem, Massachusetts, 1681, in his seventy- fourth year; wife Anne. He came to this country with the Winthroj) company in 1630, and settled first at Dorchester, where he appears prominently until 1636, when he removed to Salem. He was for many years a deputy, was elected speaker a number of times, and elected assistant from 1662 to 1679. He was one of the most able, energetic, and wiaely influential men in New England in his day ; was commissioned captain in 1646, and major before 1656. His will dated February 17, 1679-80, probated June 28. 1 68 1, mentions Ann as sole executrix ; names William and Samuel and Abigail, children of his son P!leazer Hathorne, late deceased ; his son John, of Salem ; his son William, who was then lately deceased, to whom he confirms a be(|uest to William's widow Sarah ; his grandch.ild Jervice Helwyde, then in Europe ; his daughter Sarah Coaker's two eldest sons by her husband Coaker, the remainder of his grandchildren ; his son-in-law, Israel Porter was also mentioned. Children: i. A daughter, married Helwise. 2. Sarah, born

(II) Colonel John Hathorn, son of Captain \\' illiam Hathorn ( i ) , born at Salem, Massachusetts, August 5, 1641, died May 10, 1717, aged seventy-six years ; married March 22, 1674-5, Ruth Gardner, baptized April 2, 1665, daughter of Lieutenant George and Elizabeth Gardner, of Salem. He was distinguished both in civil and military afifairs ; a captain in the war with the eastern Indians, colonel of a regiment, and chief commander of a military expedition in 1696 ; deputy, 1683 ; assistant, with one brief exception, from 1684 to 171 1 ; judge, etc. Children: i. John, born January 10, 1675. 2. Nathaniel, born November 25, 1678, removed to Gosport, England. His widow married second, Nathaniel Satall of Gosport, England. 3. Ebenezer, of London, England, 1726. 4. Joseph, baptized June, 1691 ; see forward. 5. Ruth, baptized September, 1694, married lames Putnam ; died at Danvers, Feb-

(III) Joseph Hathorne, son of John Hathorne (2), born at Salem, Massachusetts, baptized June, 1691, died 1762; married June 30, 171 5, Sarah Bowditch, born January 10, 1695-6, (bed March, 1761, daughter of Captain WilHam and Mary (Gardner) Bowditch, of Salem. Children: i. William, born February 20, 171 5-16, married March 29, 1741, Mary Touzell. 2. Joseph, baptized May 4, 1718. 3. John baptized May 22, 1719, died February 6, 1750; married Susanna Touzell. 4. Sarah, baptized June 27, 1722, married Daniel Cheever, of Salem. 5. Ebenezer, baptized December 26, 1725. 6. Daniel, see forward. 7. Ruth, died June, 1801, married September 30, 1762, Captain David Ropes, of Salem, who died May 28, 1782.

(IV) Daniel Hathorne, son of Jose])h Hathorne ( 3 ) , born at Salem, Massachusetts, died 1795; married October 21, 1756, -, Rachel Phelps, born June i, 1734, daughter of Jonathan and Judith (Cox) Phelps, of Beverly. Children: i. Rachel, born July 25, 1757, married Simon Forrester. 2. Daniel, born June 23. 1759' (lied March 13, 1763. 3. Sarah, born INIay II, 1763, married John Crowninshield. 4. Eunice, born October 4, 1766, married February 5, 1788, Aaron Porter, who died at Danvers, Massachusetts, December 3, 1843. 5. Daniel, born July 25, 1768, died at sea, 1805, unmarried. 6. Judith, born April 17, 1770, married March 2, 1792, George Archer. 7. Nathaniel, born May 19, 1775, see forward. 8. Ruth, born January 20, 1778.

(V) Captain Nathaniel Hathorne, son of Daniel Hathorne (4), born at Salem, Massachusetts, May 19, 1775, died at Surinam, 1808; married Elizabeth Clark Manning, born September 6, 1780, died July 31, 1849, daughter of Richard and Miriam (Lord) Manning, of Ipswich. Children: i. Elizabeth !>klanning, born ]\Iarch 7, 1802. 2. Nathaniel, born July 4, 1804, see forward. 3. Maria Louisa, born January 9, 1808, lost in steamer "Henry Clay," burned on the Hudson river, July 27, 1852.

(VI) Nathaniel Hawthorne, son of Captain Nathaniel Hathorne (5), born at Salem. Massachusetts, July 4, 1804, died at Plymouth, New Hampshire, May 19, 1864'; married at Salem, July 9, 1842, Sophia Amelia Peabody, born September 21, 1809, died at London, England, February 26, 187 1, daughter of Dr. Nathaniel and Elizabeth (Palmer) Peabody, of Salem and Boston. Massachusetts. Children: i. Una, born at Concord, Massachusetts, March 3,

1844, f'istl in England, 1887, unmarried. 2. Julian, born at Boston, Massachusetts, June 22, 1846. 3. Rose, born at Lenox, Massachusetts. May, 1850, married George Parsons Lathrop.

John Greenleaf Whittier

John Greenleaf Whittier, of Amesbury, Massachusetts, was born in Haverhill, Massachusetts, December 17, 1807, and died in Hampton Falls, New Hampshire, September 7, 1892. He was descended from Thomas Wdiittier (or Whittle) of Salisbury, Newbury, and Haverhill, Massachusetts, through Joseph 2, Joseph 3, and John 4 Whittier, his father, who married Abigail Hussey, daughter of Joseph Hussey, of Somersworth, New Hampshire.

He was a famous American poet. "A Quaker in religion, he was remarkable for his consistency and the purity of his life; he was one of the earliest and most influential abolitionists, several times mobbed for his opinions. He was at dii¥erent periods editor of several journals, among them ( 1838-40) the Pennsylvania Frconan, an abolition publication, and the leading contributor to the Washington National Era, 1847-59. He "^'^.s a member of the Massachusetts legislature, 1835-36, and one of the secretaries of the American Anti-Slavery Society, 1836. He took great interest in politics. His home, after 1840, was at Amesbury, Massachusetts.

"Among his best-known poems are: "Skipper Ireson's Ride," i860; "My Playmate," i860; "Barbara Frietchie," 1863; "Laus Deo." 1865; "My Birthday," "Snowbound," 1866; "Maud ]^Iuller," 1866; "The Tent on the Beach," 1867, and "The Eternal Goodness." "Perhaps no other of our poets, not even Longfellow, has so reached the popular heart." (Library of the World's Best Literature.)

An estimate by a writer in the above work states : His work depends for its appreciation to an unusual degree on an understanding of his life and character. Others of his contemporaries need little explanation. Whittier was born of simple farming folk ; his formal education was merely that of the district school and country academy and he had no experience of foreign travel. He sprang from the soil of New England, and possessed to the full the virtues and defects of his ancestry and environment, and he represents, and with success, the most winning side of country life in his native district. Until he was twenty his educational advantages were very ordinary. He attended for a short time the Haverhill

Academy. For a year he was employed in a ])Oston printing house, and there edited a paper. For another year he was editor of a journal in Flartford. The papers with which he was connected were not those of the general sort, but were special publications devoted to such subjects as temperance and anti-slavery. With very few exceptions his days were spent in Essex County, and his early life, as well as his later, was free from atTectation, and in the first of it full of effort and disci- ])line, a life in which the outer world of cities was unrealized.

The birthplace of Mr. W'hittier is standing in that i:iart of Haverhill, which is near the Ijoundary line of the present town of Merrimac. Its antiquity, aside from its connection with the notable poet, is its principal attraction. The front of the house remains as originally built, with unimportant changes in the way of rejiairs. The house was built about the year 1688. by Thomas W'hittier, the ancestor w^ho left England in 1638, at the age of eighteen, and settled in Salisbury about 1640, and thence removed to Haverhill in 1648, first living in a log hut which he built and occu- ])ied until the erection of the house above mentioned, which was about half a mile distant from his former residence.

Ancestry. - Thomas W'hittier (i), of Salisbury and Flaverhill, Massachusetts, born about 1620 or 1622, died at Haverhill, November 28, 1696: married Ruth Green (alias Rolfe?) who died his widow, July, 1710. He was of Haverhill in 1647. .\mong those who came with him to this country were his uncles John and Henry Rolfe, and a distant relative. Ruth Green, whom he afterwards married, and whose name appears in every subsequent generation. Children: i. Mary, born October 9, 1647, died July 29, 1698; married September 21, 1666, Benjamin Page, of Flaverhill. 2. John, born December 23, 1649 ; married January 14, 1685-6, i\Iary Hoyt, of Haverhill. 3. Ruth, born November 6, 165 1. died December 16, 1719; married April 20, 1675, Joseph True, of Salisbury. 4. Thomas, born January 12, 1653-4, died October 17. 1728. 5. Su.sanna, born March 27. 1656, died February 15, 1726-7; married July 15, 1674. Jacob Morrill, of Salisbury. 6. Nathaniel, born August 11, 1658, died July 18, 1722; married first, August 26, 1685, Mrs. Mary Osgood, who died May II, 1705; married second, June, 1710, wndow^ Mary Ring, who died July 19, 1742. 7. Hannah, born September 10, 1760; married May 30, 1683, Edward Young. 8. Richard, born

( II I Joseph W'hittier, son of Thomas W'hittier { I ), born in Massachusetts, May 8, 1669, died December 25, 1740; married May 24, 1694, Mary Peasley, born July 14, 1672, daughter of Joseph and Ruth (Barnard) Peasley. For four generations nearly all of his descendants retained their connection more or less closely with the Society of Friends. Children: i. Elizabeth, born Se])tember 19, 1695; married November 24, 1721, Abner Chase. 2. (ireen, born March 13, 1696-7; married (published November 3, 1719) Hannah Chase. 3. J(^sei)h, born April 2, 169C1, died young. 4. Ruth, born July 31, 1701 ; married January i, 1^22-}^, I'enjamin Greeley. 5. Richard, born September 20, 1703. 6. Ebenezer. born December 29, 1704; married June 23, 1730. Judith W'illett. 7. Hannah, born June 2, 1707, married November 25, 1725, Stephen r.adger. 8. Susannah, born July 25. 1709; ])resumably married. May 8, 1734, Joseph Weed, Jr. 9. Joseph, born March 21. 1716-17, see forward.

I HI ) Joseph W'hittier, son of Joseph WHiittier (2), born at Haverhill, Massachusetts, -March 21. 1716-17. died October 10, 1796; married July 12, 1739, Sarah Greenleaf, born ]\Iarch 5. 1 7 16. died at Haverhill, Massachusetts. March 17. 1807. daughter of Nathaniel and Judith (Coffin) Greenleaf, of Newbury. Massachusetts. He remainecT on the ancestral farm of his ancestors, which ])assed to the son John. Children: i. Stephen, born April 6, 1740, died Ai)ril 17. 1740. 2. Thomas, born July 29, 1742, died .\ugust 13, 1742. 3. Ruth, born December 26. 1743, died December 27, 1743. 4. Obadiah. born January 22. 1745. died CJctober 3. 1754. 5. Mary, born February 2, 1747. died September 5. 1802. unmarried. 6. Joseph, born September 14, 1750, died September 21. 1754. 7. Nathaniel, born July 13. 1753, died at Hollis, ?^Iaine, January. 1839. unmarried. 8. Joseph, born September 20, 1755. died February 20, 1833 : married Mary Chase, of Deering, New Hampshire, who married second, 1835, Jonathan Taylor, of Biddeford.

Obadiah, born September 2, 1758, died at Dover. New Hampshire. July 28. 1814; married December 17. 1786, Sarah Austin, of Dover, New Hampshire. 10. John, born November 22. 1760: see forward. 1 1. Moses, born

Boston Axd Eastern Massachusetts

(I\') John Whittier, son of Joseph Whittier (3). born at Haverhill, November 22. 1760. died June 11, 1830; married October 3, 1804, Abigail Hussey, born September 3, 1779, died December 2J, 1857, daughter of Samuel and Mercy (Evans) Hussey, of Somersworth, now Rollinsford, New Hampshire. He was several times elected a selectman of the town of Haverhill. This point is of interest in reference to the male line of the ancestry of the Poet. Thomas ( i ) Whittier was 49 years old when his son Joseph was born, and he lived to be seventy-six. Joseph (2) was forty-seven years old when his son Joseph (3) was born, and he died at the age of seventy. The second Joseph or Joseph (3) was forty-five years old when John (4) was born, and he lived to be eighty. John (4) was in his forty-eighth year when John Greenleaf (5) the Poet, was born, and he lived to be nearly seventy. Although each Whittier in this list lived to a good old age, they passed away without having seen their grandsons in this particular line. Children : I. Mary, born September 3, 1806, died January 17, i860; married Jacob Caldwell. 2. John Greenleaf, born December 17, 1807, died at Hampton, New Hampshire, September 7. 1892. 3. Matthew Franklin, born July 4. 181 2, died January 7, 1883; married first, August 4, 1836, Abigail R. Poyen, who died at Portland. Maine, March 27, 1841 ; children : i. Joseph Poyen, died August 15, 1838. ii. Sarah, died March 13, 1841. Married second, Jane E. Vaughan, of St. John, New Brunswick, born April 27, 1819; children: iii. Charles Franklin, born December 8, 1843. iv. Elizabeth FIussey, born August 10, 1845 ; married Samuel T. Pickard. v. Alice Greenleaf, born February 19, 1848; married W'ilbur Berry. 4. Elizabeth Hussev. born December 7, 181 5, died at Amesbury. September 3, 1864.

Anne Bradstreet

Anne Bradstreet, distinguished as the earliest poet of her sex in America, though a native of England, was a person who by reputation and residence conferred honor upon the New England county of Essex, and is worthy of a brief notice in these pages. She was the daughter of Governor Thomas Dudley and the wife of Governor Simon Bradstreet. She was born in the year 1612-13, probably at Northampton, England. Of her youth but little is known, and from what is left in her own writing leads to the belief that she was religiously brought up according to the Puritan standards of that time. When she was about sixteen she had the small pox. She was married at about that age, and came to this country. Her husband was the son of a minister of the Nonconformist order in the old country. In 1635 she became a resident of Ipswich, but there are no particulars of importance regarding her stay in that town, and the exact year when she removed to Andover is not known, but it is presumable that the latter removal was before the year 1644. The portion of the town where she settled was that now called by the name of North Andover. Her husband's house there was burned to the ground in Julv, 1666; and it is supposed to have been followed by a second, in which she (lied in September, 1672. This house, which was the residence of her son, Dudley Bradstreet, is still standing.

Htr ])oems were first published in London, in 1650. under the title of "The Tenth Muse Lately S]M-ung Cp in America." She appears to have had from her birth a very delicate constitution, and was troubled at one time with lameness and subject to frequent attacks of sickness, to fevers, and fits of fainting. She was the mother of eight children, four sons and four daughters, all but one of whom survived her. Of her opinions, she regarded health as the reward of virtue, and her various maladies as tokens of the divine displeasure. She says her religious belief was at times shaken ; but she believed that her doubts and fears were exaggerated by her tender conscience. Her children were constantly in her mind : and for them she committed to writing many of her thoughts and experiences, especially religious. Her poetic similes refer much to domestic life and the bringing up of children, and among her own offspring she notes the most diverse traits of character ; some of them were obedient and easily governed, while others were unruly and headstrong. She derived satisfaction from the virtues of some, and deplored the failings of others. Her married life was happy, but she continuously dwelt in her thoughts on the great ills to which humanity is subject. By the burning of her house at Andover, in July, 1666, her papers, books, and other things of great value, were destroyed. Her son wrote that his father's loss by this fire was over eight hundred books, including those of the son and many of the son's clothes, in his case to at least the value of fifty or sixty pounds.

street's works, one can see that the world of 1666 was not much different from that of 1908 in its experience of domestic trials. The fact of her being able to compose anything of a literary order, was in her day a wonder compared with such things now. She was, however, living in a new country, scarcely yet settled, and that she even was exposed to criticism on the part of her neighbors for studying and writing so much, is evident from these lines of hers :

She died of a consumption, and a statement of her sad condition in the last stages of the disease is preserved in the handwriting of her son. It is supposed, as her burial place is not kufiwn at Anclover, that she may have been buried in her father's tomb at Roxbury.

In 1678. after her death, a second edition of lier "Poems" n-as brought out in Boston. Her descendants have been very numerous, "and many of them have more than made up by the excellence of their writings for whatever beauty or spirit hers may have lacked." Among these were Dr. William E. Channing : Rev. josei)h liuckminster, of I'ortsmouth; his son, Rev. J. S. Buckminster ; and his daughter, Mrs. Eliza B. Lee ; Richard H. Dana, the poet, and his son R. H. Dana. Jr. ; Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes; Wendell Rhilli]is ; and Mrs. Eliza Ci. Thornton, of Saco. Maine, whose verses were once esteemed. Her husljand married a second wife, and his death occurred at Salem. March 2~. 1697, at the age of ninety-four.

Ancestry. - Thomas Dudley (i). Governor of Massachusetts, was born at Northampton, in England in 1576 or 1577 (the only son of Captain Roger Dudley, who was killed in battle about 1586). He was thus early in life an orphan, having a sister, concerning whom, as well as his mother, nothing is known. His mother was probably of a religious family and he became a noted Puritan. He was sent to school by a charitable lady, and while still young became a page in the family of William Lord Compton, afterwards Earl of Northampton. The further career of Governor Thomas Dudley is a matter of general history. Children : I . Samuel, born in Northamptonshire, England, about 1610, died b'ebruary 10, 1683. He was married three times, became the settled minister at Exeter, New Hampshire, and had in all eighteen children. He married first Marw daughter of (Governor John Winthrop ; second, Mary liyle}-, sister of Henry Byley ; and third. Elizabeth . 2. Anne, married Governor l)radstreet; see forward. 3. Patience; died Eebruary 8, 1690; married Major-General Daniel Denison ; and had two children. 4. Sarah, ba]:)tize(l July 23, 1620, at Sempringham, I'3ngland ; died November 3, 1659; married before June 9, 1639, Benjamin Keayne. of Boston (.son of Captain Robert Keayne ) from whom she was divorced in 1647, and had a daughter named Anna, the wife of Edward Lane, and later of Xicholas Paige. The mother afterwards married Thomas Pacy. 5. Merc\'. born September 2y, 1621, died July 1. 1691 ; married Rev. John Woodbridge and had twelve children. 6. Dorothy; died February 2j, 1643. His first wife Dorothy, a gentlewoman of good family and estate, died Decembc 2/. i<'i43' -^'if' "^vas buried in the family tomb at Roxbury. Her family name and pedigree have not been preserved. She was sixtyone years old. and had had five children, one son and four daughters, all of whom married and had children before her decease. It is remarkable that so little should be definitely known concerning a family so distinguished.

P)y his second wife Governor Dudley had: 7. Deborah, born February 2^, 1644-5 ; died unmarried, November i, 1683. 8. Joseph, born September 23, 1647; died April 2, 1720. He married Rebecca, daughter of Edward Tyng, became Governor of Massachusetts, Lieutenant-Governor of the Isle of Weight, and first chief-justice of New York. He had thirteen children, one of whom, Paul, was attornev- general, and afterwards chief-justice of Massachusetts, fellow of the Royal Society, and founder of the Dudleian Lectures at Harvard College. 9. Paul, born September 8, 1650, died December i, 1681 ; married Mary, daughter of Governor John Leverett, and had three children.

(H) Anne (Dudley) Bradstreet, the popular poetess of her time, daughter of Thomas Dudley (1), was born 1612-13; was married when about sixteen to Simon Bradstreet, and died September 16, 1672. Eight children: i. Samuel, (H. C. 1653), and died August, 1682. He was in England, 1657-1661, a physician in ]>oston; and removed afterwards to the island of Jamaica, where he died. He was twice married ; first to Mercy, daughter of William Tyng by whom he had five children, only one of whom survived him, and second to a wife, whose name is unknown. Her three children were living with their grandfather Governor Bradstreet, at the time of the latter's death. 2. Dorothy; died February 26, 1672; married June 25, 1654, Rev. Seaborn Cotton (son of Rev. John Cotton, of Boston) and had nine children. Her husband was pastor of the church at Hampton, New Hampshire. 3. Sarah, married first Richard Hubbard, of Ipswich, by whom she had five children, and second Major Samuel Ward, of Marblehead. 4. Simon, born at Ipswich, September 28, 1640 (H. C. 1660) died 1683. Went to New London, Connecticut, in 1666, and was ordained ))astor of the church there October 5, 1670, married at Newbury, October 2, 1667, Lucy (his cousin) daughter of Rev. John Woodbridge, and had five children. 5. Hannah, died 1707, married June 14, 1659. Andrew Wiggin, of Exeter, New Hampshire, and had five sons and five daughters. 6. Mercy, died October 5, 1715 (68th year) married October 31, 1672, Major Nathaniel Wade, of Medford, and had died November 13, 1702, married November 12, 1673, Ann Wood, widow of Theodore Price. He was a prominent man in Andover, and had three children. 8. John, born July 22, 1652, died January 11, 1718, married June it, 1677, Sarah, daughter of Rev. William Perkins. He was a resident of Topsfield, and had five children.

Manasseh Cutler

Manasseh Cutler, third child and elder son of Hezekiah Cutler, a farmer of Killingly, Connecticut, and grandson of John and Hannah ('Snow) Cutler, of Lexington, Massachusetts, and Killingly, was born in what is now Thompson, on May 28, 1742, and baptized on May 30 at the Thompson church. His mother was Susanna, daughter of Deacon Hanniel Clark, of Killingly. He was prepared for college by the Rev. Aaron Brown, of North Killingly.

During the winter after graduation he taught school in Dedham, Massachusetts, where he became engaged to Mary, eldest daughter of the Rev. Thomas Balch, of that town, and of Mary (Sumner) Balch. He then accepted a proposal from an aunt of Miss Balch's who had been recently left a widow, to go to Edgartown, on Martha's Vineyard, and take charge of a business which she owned there.

On September 7, 1766, he was married, and at once removed to Edgartown, and continued as a merchant for three years. In the meantime he was admitted to the bar, 1767, but subsequently he began the study of theology by himself, and in November, 1769, he removed with his family to Dedham, to continue his studies under his father-in-law's direction. In May, 1770, he was called to settle in Douglas, in Worcester County, where he had been preaching for some time, but this call he declined. In February, 1771, he began to preach in the Third Parish of Ipswich, Massachusetts,, called Ipswich Hamlet, and in May he was invited to settle as their pastor. He accepted the call on June 9, and was ordained on September IT. Mr. Balch preaching the sermon.

During the Revolution his work was twice interrupted by invitations to serve in the army as chaplain ; and he was thus absent for four months in 1775, and for one month in 1778. In the latter part of 1778 he undertook the study of medicine with Dr. Elisha Whitney, one of his parishioners, and was able thereby to add somewhat to a scanty income. As early as his college days he had begun to take a deep interest in natural science, and about 1780 he applied himself especially to the study of botany, in which he became a proficient. From the time of his settlement in Ipswich he had had occasional pupils in his house, and in 1782 he opened a boarding-school which was continued (except during temporary absences) with success for thirty-five years.

Owing to the difficulties of providing for his family, in the disturbed state of things after the Revolution, he had serious thoughts of removing to the West ; and it thus came about that in March, 1786, he united with other Massachusetts citizens in the formation of the Ohio Company, to promote a settlement in the

^\'estern territory. He threw himself with such ardor into the business of securing subscri])tions, that he was appointed at the annual meeting in March, 1787, one of three directors who were instructed to apply to Congress for the purchase of lands. His success in inducing Congress to pass the memorable ordinance under which the Northwest Territory was settled is a part of the history of the nation. For the next five or six years he was much engrossed in promoting the development of the Ohio Company. In 1793 he was the chairman of a committee which obtained from the State government the incorporation of Ipswich Hamlet as the town of Hamilton. He was an ardent Federalist, and as such was sent as a rejiresentative to the general court of Massachusetts in the spring of 1800. In November, 1800, he was elected a rejiresentative in the I'nited States congress. He held this office for four years, and then declined a second reelection on account of long-continued and increasing ill-health. After his retirement he devoted himself exclusively to his ministerial duties which he retained until his death.

In person he was tall and portly, and in manners courtly and dignified. His portrait, ])ainted by Frothingham in 1820, is engraved in liis ])ublished life. The honorary degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred on him by Yale College in 1791. After twenty-four years of sufifering from asthma, which finally terminated in consum])tion, he died in Hamilton, on July 28, 1823, in his eighty-second year. The discourse delivered at his funeral by the Rev. Dr. lienjamin Wadsworth, of Danvers, was ])ublislied. His wife died suddenly in Hamilton on November 2, 1815, in her seventy-fifth \'ear. They had five sons (one of whom died in infancy) and three daughters. The third son was graduated at Harvard College in I7C)3. The Rev. Rufus P. Cutler was a grandson.

One has said of him that his mind was altogether of the practical cast, and that in matters of mere theory and speculation he took but little interest. He himself - published a number of works and his life, journals, and correspondence have been published in two volumes bv his grandchildren, William Parker Cutler and Julia Perkins Cutler, at Cincinnati,

1644; married second, March 9, 1645, Mrs. Mary King, widow of Thomas King, of Watertown, who died December 7, 1654; and married third, about 1662, Phebe Page, daughter of John Page, of Watertown. Children: 1. James, born at W^atertown, November 6, 1635 ; see forward. 2. Hannah, born at Watertown, July 26, 1638, married John Winter, who died at Cambridge Farms, December 15, 1690. 3. Elizabeth, born at \\'atertown, January 11, 1640. died December 30, 1644. 4. Mary, born at \\ atertown, April 29. 1644, married John Collar. 5. Elizabeth, born at Watertown, July 20, 1646, married John Parmenter, third, of Sudbury, Massachusetts. 6. Thomas, born about 1648, died at Lexington, July 13, 1722,

(H) James Cutler, son of James Cutler (i ), born at Watertown, Massachusetts, November 6, 1635, died at Cambridge Farms, now Lexington, Massachusetts, July 31, 1685; married June 15, 1665, Mrs. Lydia (Moore) Wright. l)orn June 24, 1643, died at Sudbury, Massachusetts, November 23, 1723, daughter of John and Elizabeth Aloore, and widow of Samuel Wright of Sudbury. Massachu.setts. Children: I. James, born July 12. 1666, died February I, 1 690-1. 2. Ann, born April 20, 1669; married September 26. 1688, Richard Rloss of Watertown. 3. Josejih, born May 2, 1672, (hed at Waltham, Massachusetts, 1715;

Joseph Smith ; she died at Waltham, February 26. 1735. 4. Samuel, born May 2, 1672, was living in 1727. 5. John, born April 14, 1675, see forward. 6. Thomas, born December 15, 1677, died at Western, now Warren, Massachusetts, December 23, 1759, aged eighty-two years, married fir.st. Sarah Stone of Lexington, who died January 10, 1750, aged sixty-nine, and married .second, April 10, 1 751, Mrs. Lvdia (Bowman) Simonds. of Lexington. 7.

(III ) John Cutler, son of James Cutler (2), born at Cambridge F'arms. now Lexington, Massachusetts, April 14. 1675. cUed at Killingly, Connecticut, after 1727, married February 6, 17CX). Hannah Snow, born at Woburn, Massachusetts. June 6, 1677, daughter of John and Hannah (Green) Snow; she presumably married second. November 2. 1736. Eleazer Bateman. of Killingly. Connecticut. Children: I. Hannah, baptized at Lexington, November, 1701 ; married Doctor Holmes, of Woodstock, Connecticut. 2. Alary, baptized at Lexington, July 4, 1703; married, October 29. 1730, Joseph Bacon, Jr., of Woodstock, Connecticut. 3. Seth, baptized at Lexington, July 7, 1705, died at Windham, Connecticut, February 9, 1751 ; married October 22. 1734. Elizabeth Babcock. 4. Timothy, baptized at Lexington. July 7. 1705. died at Windham. Connecticut, about 1736; married March 17. 1733, Elizabeth Leavens, of Killingly. Connecticut. 5. Hezekiah, baptized at Lexington, April 20, 1707. see forward. 6. Dinah, baptized at Lexington. September 4. 1709. 7. Jemima, baptized at Lexington. May 27. 171 1 ; married April 19. 1731, Benjamin Corbin. of \\ oodstock. Connecticut. 8. Uriah, baptized at Lexington. March 29. 1713, died at Morristown. New Jersey. 1793; married first. Miss Caulfield ; married second, about 1772, Mrs. Whitehead. 9. Abigail, baptized at Killingly. July 22. 1716. 10. Sarah, baptized at Killingly. July 22. 1716. II. Hannah, baptized at Killingly. July 22. 1 7 16. 12. T'atience. baptized at Killingly. Se])tember i. 1717. 13. Keziah, baptized at Killingly. July 19, 1719.-

(IV) Hezekiah Cutler, son of John Cutler (3). born at Lexington. Massachusetts, baptized there. April 20. 1707, died at Killingly, Connecticut, October 4, 1792; married December 5, 1734, Susanna Clark, who died April 8, 1774. in her sixty-second year; married second, Mrs. Abigail Robbins, who was buried at Killingly. Connecticut. 1791, aged seventy-two years. Children born at Killingly, Connecticut, were: i. Mehitable. born April i. 1737; married October 10. 1758, Simeon Lee. 2. Hannah, ba])tized December 24, 1738, died young. 3. Manasseh, born May 3, 1742, see forward. 4. Ephraim, born November 13, 1744, died Alay 21, 1766, unmarried. 5. Hannah,

( \' ) Reverend Manasseh Cutler, son of Hezekiah Cutler (4), born at Killingly, Connecticut, May 13, 1742, died at Hamilton, Massachusetts, July 28, 1823; married October 8, 1766, Mary Balch, who died at Hamilton, November 3. 181 5. aged seventy-three years, daughter of Rev. Thomas and Mary (Simmer) Balch, of Dedham, Massachusetts. Children: i. Ephraim. born at Edgartown, Alassachusetts, April 13, 1767, died at Warren, Ohio. July 8. 1853; married first. April 8, 1787. Leah Atwood. of Killingly, Connecticut. who ch'ed November 4. 1807; and married second. April 13, 1808. Sally Parker, a native of Newburyport, Massachusetts, who died June 30. 1846. 2. Jervis, born at Martha's Vineyard Massachusetts, September 19. 1768, died at Evansville. Indiana. June 25. 1846; married first. March 22. i794.. Philadelphia Cargill. of Pomfret. Connecticut, who died October 6, 1820; married second, Mrs. Elizabeth S. ( Frazier ) Chandler, of Evansville. Indiana.