Boston City (part 46 of 67)

(VH) Samuel Morrill, fifth son and seventh child of Samuel (6) and Anna (Noyes) Morrill, was born at Salisbury, Massachusetts, April 4, 1804, died August 25, 1878. He learned the art of printing in Andover with Messrs. Flagg & Gould. He afterward bought out the business and conducted it with considerable success with Messrs. Allen and Wardwell. He printed the Worcester Spy for a number of years, and used the first power press in Massachusetts. Feeling the need of better ink for his work he was led to experiment and finally gave his whole attention to the manufacture of printers' ink. The first ink made by Mr. Morrill was boiled in a vegetable kettle and was tested by the renowned Boston printer of the old days, J. E. Farwell, and shortly afterward the ink was used by Boston Bee, of Boston. A small wooden buildng for the burning of lamp black, located in Salem street, Andover, and a little help from the wind and an old horse, was the modest beginning. The ink was mixed in the cellar of the old Seminary Hill book store in strict seclusion, and the iron rollers for the mills had to be imported from England. He succeeded so well that a partner, W. C. Donald, joined' him in time, and the brick machine shop formerly used by the Boston & Maine railroad was purchased, and they went on steadily until finding it necessary to utilize water power, the business was removed to Norwood, then South Dedham. The Andover Advertiser for 1853 reports a big fire in Morrill's ink factory. It was in February and they were boiling varnish in a kettle. When it boiled over they pulled the fire from under the kettle, but the varnish slopped into the fire and set off four hundred gallons of varnish ( at that time the size corresponding to the small business), and much damage was done to the building and stock. A considerable opposition was developed against the rebuilding of the factory on the part of the townspeople, on account of the danger of fire and the offensive odors. This opposition and the need of water power resulted in the removal of the plant to Norwood. The output of the firm at this period had grown to about eight hundred pounds of ink per day, which was used in all the states and in some foreign countries. The American Board and Bible Society and also state printers were patrons, and the business was quite profitable because there was no competition.

About this time the partnership with Mr. Donald was dissolved, and Mr. Morrill associated with himself his two sons - George H. and Samuel S. - who had grown up in Andover and received a good education at Phillips Academy. George H. was a thorough and practical machinist, having learned his trade in the service of the Boston & Maine railroad and the New York & Harlem railroad, in the shops and as a locomotive engineer for several years, and Samuel S. was an equally thorough accountant. They continued their experiments, constantly improving, meeting with numerous losses by fire, unavoidable in this class of work, and met with a "Morrill Philosophy" which became proverbial. In 1859, when the dark days of the war were casting shadows, Samuel Morrill was induced to retire, and the eldest son, endowed with rare gifts and pluck, shouldered the burden alone. They took as brave a share as any in' the field of battle in those dark years, and the George H. Morrill Company of today is reap- ing tliL' fruit of the patient persevering plans of its late head, Samuel Morrill. In 1867 Samuel Morrill went to San Francisco, California, and established a branch of his business on the Pacific coast now known as the E. J. Shattuck Company. In 1880 the works in Norwood comprised fifteen principal buildings and the output was seven thousand barrels of ink per year. Since then the plant has grown enormously ; the home office is in Boston, with branch houses in New York, Chicago, San Francisco and London, England, factories at Norwood, New York city and San Francisco, and with agencies at Yokohama and Kobe, Japan. On Januar\' i, 1884, George II. Morrill took into ])artnership his two sons - George H., Jr. and Frank T. and his son-inlaw, Edmund J. Shattuck. In October, T903, a stock company was organized and incorporated, under the title of the George H. Morrill Company. George H. Morrill was electetl ])resident. and his son (ieorge II. Jr., treasurer. .\. year or two later he retired from active ])articipation in the business, but retained a large part of the stock. His son, (ieorge If. Jr., was then elected president and treasurer of the company, which offices he now holds. Edmund J. Shattuck died shortly after the reorganization of the company.

Samuel Morrill was elected d( aeon of the South Dedham, now Norwood. Congregational Church shortly after settling there and held the office until his death, faithfully and conscientiously performing all the obligations pertaining thereto, always ready to assist those in need and in times of sorrow, generous and charitable, never allowing his right hand to know what his left hand was doing, and in all ways fulfilling the scrijitural injunction to "do unto others as you would that they would do to you." He was highly esteemed by the members of the church as well as by the citizens of Norwood, and he was an ardent worker in the cause of temperance, encouraging everything that would tend to the moral and spiritual welfare of the people with whom he was brought in contact. He was a man of exemplary character and of purely domestic habits, and his leisure time was spent in his home in the enjoyment of his wife and family.

Samuel [Morrill married, December 25, 1828. Hannah Abbott, of Andover, Massachusetts, born September 9, 1807, died April 4, 1889. They had children: i. George H., see forward. 2. Samuel S., born in Andover, Massachusetts, October 10, 1832, died April 19, 1873: married, June 13, 1861, Henrietta A.

fVHI) George H. Morrill, eldest son of Samuel (7) and Flannah (Abbott) Morrill, was born at Worcester, ]\Iassachu setts, November 7, 1829. He erected and donated to the town of Norwood the public library building, in memory of his daughter, Sarah B. Morrill. He married, first, December 2t,. 1852, Sarah B. Tidd, daughter of William and Lutheria (Bond) Tidd, who died March 20, 1864, aged thirty-two years. Their children were: i. Emma L., born at Andover, November 4. 1853, married. December 11, 1877, Edmund J. Shattuck, born March 25, 1853, died October 4, 1893. Children: Lois Mitchell, born in Norwood, August 30, 1878; Louise Morrill, twin of the ])rece(ling; Maude Alice, born September i, 1880; Edmund J. Jr., borii August 24, 1887; Sarah B. M., born April 3, 1893. 2. George H., Jr., see forward. 3. Frank Tidd, born at South Dedham. July 28, 1857. married. December 10, 1878. .Annie French, of Jamaica i'lains. Children: Whitney F.. Abraham F.. Alice L., Richard C. 4. Alice FL, born November 11, 1859, at South Dedham. married Dr. Lewis H. Plimpton, of Norwood. 5. Grace L., born February 13, 1862. George H. Morrill married, second. January 15, 1865. Louisa J. Tidd, sister of his first wife. They had children: i. Sarah B.. boin October 2, 1872. at Norwood, died March 7, 1895. 2. Sheldon Collins, born April 30, 1875, ^t Norwood, died April 30, 1876.

(Vni) Edward H. Morrill, third and youngest son and child of Samuel (7) and Hannah (Abbott) Morrill, was born at Andover, Massachusetts, December 6, 1845. ^^ succeeded his father as deacon of the First Church of Norwood, which office he held for the long period of twenty-one years or until his removal to Alston, in which city he served in the same capacity for the Quint Avenue Congregational Church from 1902 until 1908, when he removed to Winter Hill, Somerville, Alassachusetts. He married, at Dover, New Hampshire, October 31, 1867, Jane E. Moores, of Mannyunk, Pennsylvania. Their children, all born at South Dedham, were: i. Charles Edward, born May 17, 1869, died October 2 of the same year. 2. Charlotte Jane, born June 12. 1870, married, July 5. 1899. Professor Albert de Forest Palmer, professor of science at Brown University. Children : Standish Edward, born November 29, 1900, and Albert de Forest, born December 12, 1901. 3. Florence Hannah, born September 19, 187 1, died Alarch 26, 1876. 4. Frances Elizabeth, twin of Florence Hannah, married, March 21, 1894, Arthur H. Moore, of Peabody, Massaachu setts. Children : Emma Letitia, born May 7, 1895; Henry Edward, born March 10, 1898; Pearl Elizabeth, born May 11, 1901 ; Frances Gertrude, born June 4, 1906. 5. Ella May, born December 22, 1872, died October 5, 1873. 6. Emma Abbott, born February 4, 1876, married, December 22, 1898. Professor \\'illiam H. Snyder, professor of science at \\'orcester Academy, Massachusetts. Children: Louise May, born December 31, 1900; Ruth, born December 22, 1902 ; William Henry, Jr., born November 26, 1904. 7. Samuel Edward, born April 27, 1877, died August 4. 1878. 8. Lilla May, born May 20, 1879. 9. Herbert Edward, born August 20, 1882. Jane I^. (Moores) Morrill was a daughter of William and Elizabeth (Russum) Moores, the former of whom was born in Dighton, England, May 25, 1820. He married. May 15, 1845, Elizabeth Russum, born in Maryland, Alay 15, 1823. Children: Jane E., mentioned above, born April 23, 1846, and Emma L., born in Province, Pennsylvania, January 14, 1849. After the death of Mr. Moores, Mrs. Moores married William Hardy, born in Lidsbury, England, May 25, 181 5. By this marriage she had children : Edward W., born July 21, i8s2, and Mary E., born Julv 22.

(IX) George Henry Morrill, Jr., second child and eldest son of George Henry (8) and Sarah Bond fTidd) Morrill, was born in North Woburn, Massachusetts. October 18, 1855. In infancy he was named Samuel George, but upon attaining the age of eighteen changed his name to that of George H., the same name as his father. He was educated in the public schools of Norwood and Allen's English Class^'cal School at West Newton, and after completing his studies entered his father's factory, January, 1874, acquiring a thorough knowledge of the business in every detail, which has well qualified him for the important positions which he has since been called upon to fill. He continued as an employee until 1884, when the firm was reorganized under the firm name of George H. Morrill & Company, George H. Morrill, Sr., George H. Morlill, Jr., Frank Tidd Morrill and Edmund J. Shattuck comprising the firm. In October, 1903, the firm was organized into a stock company under the name of The George H. Morrill Company, with George H. Morrill, Sr.. president, and George H. Morrill, Jr., treasurer. A year or two later George H. Morrill, Sr., retired from active business, and George H. Jr. became president and treasurer, which offices he is filling at the present time. The business comprises The George H. Morrill Company with home office in Boston, factory in Norwood and office and factory in New York and Chicago, the E. J. Shattuck Company of San Francisco, and Eastern Carbon Black Company of West Virginia, where is manufactured all the lamp black for all factories, also with offices in London, England, and extensive agencies in Yokohama and Kobe. Japan. The company is the most extensive manufacturers of printers' ink in the world, and they enjoy a reputation for honorable and straightforward transactions. Of the four partners in 1884 who comprised the firm of George H. Morrill & Company, George H., Jr. is the only one now engaged in the active management of the business, which has assumed almost gigantic proportions. Mr. Morrill is a member of Orient Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons ; Hebron Chapter, Royal Arch Masons ; Hyde Park Council, Royal and Select Masters ; Boston Commandery, Knights Templar ; Boston Consistory, thirty-second degree, Aleppo Temple, Order of the Mystic Shrine, being a life member of nearly all of the Masonic bodies. He is a member of the xAncient and Honorable Artillery Company, life member of the Massachusetts Automobile Club, and the Old Boston Dining Club. He is a Republican in politics

Mr. Morrill married. May 9, 1878, Mary Elizabeth Gilbert, born October 8, 1859, daughter of Isaac Hawley and Mary Elizabeth (Babbitt) Gilbert. Children: i. George Henry, 3rd, born April 14, 1879, died May 8, 1893. 2. Edith Annie, born January 9, 1881, died May 3, 1881. 3. Leon Gilbert, born October 2j, 1882, attended the schools of Norwood, Berkley School and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, graduating from the latter institution in the class of 1905. He is now engaged in business with his father. He married Florence McLellan Russell, born in Brookline, Massachusetts, daughter of Daniel W. and Mary (McLellan) Russell; they are the parents of one child, Russell Gilbert, born January 6. 1908.

was the immigrant ancestor, and died in Watertown August 14, 1672, aged fifty years. He was one of the proprietors of Watertown in 1642, and his homestall there was between that of John Clough and William Perry. He added to his original holdings by purchase and grants. He bought John ClouglVs place July 4, 1654, including house, garden and thirty acres of land on Common Hill, south of the present site of Wellington Hill station of the Fitchburg railroad, east of Common street, leading to W'atertown village. He was a cordwainer, or shoemaker, though the genealogy gives his trade as weaver. He removed to Boston in 1652, but returned to W'atertown in 1654. He acfjuired a large property and held a resj:)ectable position in society. One of his descendants, Lemuel Shattuck, erected a monument in 1853 over his grave at Watertown, in honor of the emigrant and his son, John Shattuck, who died in the service of his country. His will, dated August 3. proven August 29, 1672, bequeathed to his son Samuel Church ; to sons John, Philip, William, Benjamin and Samuel ; "to my ten younger children that are married ;" to wife Susanna and to each grandchild. The widow married second Richard Norcross, who survived her. She died December 11, 1686, at Watertown. Children: i. Susanna, born 1643: married J. Morse and J. Fay. 2. Mary, born August 25, 1645; married Jonathan Brown. 3. John, born I'ebruary 11, 1646-7; mentioned below. 4. Dr. Philip, born 1648; married first, November 9, 1670. Deborah I'arstow: second. February 11, 1680, Rebecca Chamberlain, died June 26, 1722. 5. Joanna, died April 4, 1673, unmarried. 6. \\'illiam, born T653; married Susanna Randall. 7. Rebecca, born 1655; married Samuel Church. 8. Abigail, born 1657; married J. Morse and J. Parker. 9. Benjamin, died in his twentieth year. ro. Samuel, born February 28. 1666: married Abigail .

(H) John Shattuck, son of William Shattuck (i). was born in Watertown. !\Iassachusetts. February 11, 1647. He owned land at Groton, but it is not known that he ever lived there. He was a carpenter by trade, and lived in the middle district of Watertown, now the center village of Watertown. In 1669 he ran the mill on Charles river, located near where the road from Watertown to Newton Centre now crosses the river. He gave his life for his country in King Philip's war. He was a sergeant in Ca])tain Richard Beers's company of \\'atertown. They marched to the relief of

Hadley. in western Massachusetts, but were diverted by a report that the Indians had attacked Northfield. On their way thither they were attacked by a large force of Indians, and narrowly escaped annihilation. Out of thirtysix only sixteen escaped with their lives. Captain Beers was among the slain. Shattuck was chosen to make the lonesome and perilous journey to Boston and inform the governor of the state of affairs and of the result of the skirmish. In ten days he arrived safely at Charlestown, but, while crossing the ferry, the boat, overloaded with horses and other freight, was upset by the waves and foundered. Shattuck was the only man drowned by the accident. He married, June 20, 1664, in his eighteenth year, Ruth Whitney, born in Watertown. April 5. 1645, daughter of John and Elinor Whitney. She married second, ]\rarch

6. 1677, Enoch Lawrence, son of John Lawrence, and in 1678 with the Shattuck children they removed to Groton and occupied John Shattuck's land there. Lawrence died in Groton September 28, 1744, aged ninety-five years, six months, twenty-three days. Children of John and Ruth Shattuck: i. John, born June 4, 1666: married Mary Blood. 2. Ruth, born June 24. 1668: married Jonathan Farnsworth. 3. William, born September ir, 1670; married Hannah Underwood. 4. Samuel, mentioned below.

(HI) Samuel Shattuck, son of Sergeant John Shattuck (2). born in Watertown, 1673, died in Groton, July 22, 1758. aged eighty-five years. His eldest son. Samuel, was administrator of his estate. He married Elizabeth l)l()od. born April 2y, 1675. died October 20. 1759. daughter of James and Elizabeth (Longley ) Blood. She joined the church in 1705. he in 1709. Children: r. Samuel, born April fIV) Jeremiah Shattuck. son of Samuel Shattuck (3), was born in Groton, Massachusetts. June II, 1703. He was a blacksmith by trade, and lived in that section of the town now Pepperell. He was a very prominent man in the town, selectman many years, captain of the militia company, and holding other positions of honor and trust. He died August 2, 1798, aged ninety-five years one month twenty-one days. He married, July 2, 1723.

Sarah Parker, born April 12, 1705, died June 8, 1789, daughter of Nathaniel and Lydia Parker, granddaughter of Joseph, and great granddaughter of Joseph Parker. The inscription on her gravestone commends her "industry, prudence and sobriety." He married second, February 8, 1792, Ruth Bixby, when he was aged ninety years and she was seventyfive. Children: i. Nathaniel, born August

(VT) Solomon Shattuck. son of Solomon Shattuck (5), was born in Pepperell, Massachusetts, March 14, 1766. He first settled there as a farmer, but in 1802 removed to Windsor, Vermont, where he died July i, 1836. He married, December 31, 1789, Mary Tarbell, born February, 1777. died at Burlington, Vermont, October 2. 1854, daughter of Edmund and Mary Tarbell. Children: i. Solomon, born November 6, 1790; married first. H. Folger. 2. Sewall, born November 23. 1791. 3. Huldah, born November 3, 1793; died January 7, 1795. 4. Oliver T., born January 7, 1795; married Susan Barrett. 5. Mary, born August 4, 1797. 6. Abel Lewis, born January 4, 1799. 7. Edmund, born March 10, 1800; mentioned below. 8. Ira, born March 16, 1804; married Lucinda Cottrell. 9. Minerva. 10. Lucy, married Samuel Stone. II. Albert, born November 6, 1810; married Hannah Hutchinson. 12. Sylvester.

(VH) Edmund Shattuck, son of Solomon Shattuck (6), was born at Windsor, Vermont, March 10, 1800, and died February 3, 1874. He was a farmer. He married first. Lois Proctor, died in Windsor, May 7, 1836; second, Louisa D. Hall. Children of first wife: I. Charles Proctor, born August 20, 1825; mentioned below. 2. Arabella A., born September 14, 1827, died February 11, 1900. 3. William J., born October 10, 18^:0, killed on

(VHI) Charles Proctor Shattuck, son of Edmund Shattuck (7), was born August 20, 1825, in Windsor, Vermont. He married April 8, 1857, ^lary C. Mitchell, born April 8, 1825, daughter of James and Clauda (Whitman) Mitchell. Children: i. Edmund J. born March 25. 1853, mentioned below. 2. Helen Arabelle, born Middlesex, Vermont, February 24, 1855; married August 15, 1878, J. Frederick Boyden, son of Lewis and IMillie (Morse) I^)Oyden ; children: i. Charles Lewis Boyden, born May 31, 1879; ii. Mary Shattuck Boyden, born July 11, 1883. 3. Charles H., born September 8, 1857, in Middlesex, A'ermont, died in Alameda, California, December 13. 1895; niarried April 12, 1882, Emma \\'heelock, daughter of Elijah and ^lary (Colburn) Wheelock ; children: Natalie and Charles Lloyd, twins, born December 10, 1885 ; the former died March 25, 1887, and the latter died September 8, 1886; Charles H., Jr.. born January i, 1890.

fIX) Edmund J. Shattuck, son of Charles P. Shattuck (8), was born March 25, 1853, at Northfield, Vermont, and died October 4, 1903, at Norwood, Massachusetts, where he resided for thirty years. In his younger days he was employed for a short time in the office of the old Boston, Hartford & Erie railroad, Boston. When a young man he entered the firm of George H. Morrill & Company, manufacturers of printing inks, and he attained a high position in the business world. The firm with which he was connected has been for many years among the foremost in its line in this country.

Mr. Shattuck made his home in Norwood, Massachusetts, and for many years was one of its most prominent citizens. There was not an office within the gift of his townsmen that he could not have had, and indeed he was almost constantly in public office, giving his time and ability freely for the public welfare. He was an influential and earnest Republican and year after year was elected chairman of the Republican town committee. He was on the board of water commissioners of the town of Norwood from 1888 until shortly before his death. For many years he served on the committtee of nine appointed by the town of Norwood to encourage the establish- ment of new industries in that town, one of the fruits of which was the coming of the Norwood Press. He was a member of the town committee on appropriations and on many other important committees of the town, including the building committee in charge of the high school building, the Guild School building and the West School building. Socially as well as politically he was the leader. He was a member of Orient Lodge of Free ]\Iasons, of which he was treasurer for many years ; of Hebron Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, of Norwood, and Cypress Commandery, Knights Templar, of Hyde Park ; and was well known and honored in Masonic circles. He was a liberal supporter of the Congregational Church.

Mr. Shattuck combined keen business judgment and strict integrity with unusual force of character. He was a useful citizen in both private and public life, energetic, optimistic, tactful. The Edmund j. Shattuck ])ublic school building of Norwood was named in his honor, he being a member of the building committee.

He married December i r, 1877. Emma L. Morrill, born at Andover, Massachusetts, daughter of George H. and Sarah IJond (Tidd) Morrill. Her father was senior member of the firm of George H. Morrill & Company. (See Morrill family). Children, born at Norwood: i. Lois Mitchell (twin), born August 30, 1878, graduate of Smith College, 1903; married. October 2, 1906. Harry E. Allen, of Lynn. 2. Louise Morrill, (twin), born August 30, 1878, graduate of .Smith College, 1903; married, November 4, 1907, William W. Adams, Jr., of Philadelphia. 3. Maude Alice, born September i, 1880, graduate of Smith College, 1902. 4. Edmund J., Jr.. born August 24, 1887, ^ student in Dartmouth College, class of 19 10. 5. Sarah Bond Morrill, born April 3. 1895.

days of William the Conqueror, and many distinguished and noble families o-f this name are found in the history of England. lUit the most careful research has not made clear the exact lineage of Governor Thomas Dudley, next to Winthrop the most famous of the founders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. A full account of the various English families is given in the family history. The families bore arms, and Thomas Dudley himself used a seal bearing the Dudk'}- arms - lion rampant, with a star for dillerence.

( I ) Governor Thomas Dudley, immigrant ancestor of the American family, was born about 1676, in the vicinity of Northampton, England. Llis father. Captain Roger Dudley, a military man, flourished in the time of Robert Dudley, Queen Elizabeth's famous Earl of Leicester, and appears to have been one of his soldiers, sent over by the Queen to aid Henry of Navarre to establish his throne, and to have fallen in the famous battle of Ivry. Captain Dudley is presumed to have been one of the Dudley Castle race. His mother was a kinswoman of Augustine Nicholls, of Faxton, in Northampton, who was born at Ecton in that county in 1559; judge of the court of common pleas and Knight of the Rath, who was educated at the Middle Temple in London and became "Reader" there during the last year of the reign of Elizabeth, and sergeant-at-law at the following Michaelmas term. Nicholls was also keeper of the great seal t') Prince Charles. He was of a distinguished family; his grandfather, a gentleman and physician, died 1575. aged ninety-six; nis father, Thomas Nicholls, born 1530, died June 29. 1568. was buried at Pichley. Northamptonshire: was apparently reader of the Middle Teni|)le in 1566; his arms belong on one of the windows of the Temple H5II. Thomas Nicholls married Anne, daughter of John Pell of Eltington. son of Thomas. Not even the name of Governor Dudley's mother is known, however, and the degree of kinship to Judge Nicholls is problematical. The wife of Captain Roger Dudley must have died when Thomas was very young. Mrs. Purefoy, a gentlewoman related to him. famous in the region around Northampton for her piety and wisdom as well as for her philanthropic works, took extraordinary care of him, and by her efforts he was trained up in some Latin school, where he learned the rudiments of grammar and literature, which he much improved afterwards by his own industry, to such a degree that he read Latin as well as the best readers of his day. When still a lad he became page in the establishment of the Earl of Northampton. We are told by contem- I)orary writers that he was "a man of high spirit suitable to the family to which his father belonged." Strictly speaking, however, it was afterwards that his employer became an earl. In 1597, when Thomas Dudley was only twenty-one, the government asked for volunteers to go over and help Henry of Navarre in time of civil war. Dudley was given a captain's commission and raised a company of eighty in Northampton. He was assigned to help Amiens, in Picardy, then besieged by the Spaniards, but before the first great battle was fought, the armies being drawn up at Amiens, peace was declared and the Englishmen came home. Dudley was then clerk for his kinsman Judge Augustine Nicholls. He would doubtless have continued a lawyer or clerk, but for the death of the Judge in August, 1616, when Dudley was thirty years old. Dudley became steward to the Earl of Lincoln. In a few years, by shrewd management, Dudley cleared off a debt of a hundred thousand dollars (twenty thousand pounds) on the Earl's estates. He continued in this respectable position to the great satisfaction of his employer, until he resigned in 1627. He then hired a house in Boston, Lincolnshire, where Rev. John Cotton preached. The Earl of Lincoln soon required Mr. Dudley's services again, and until he came to America he was employed by the Earl. But the unjust and cruel hand of Charles I fell upon the Earl of Lincoln and his family. For distributing information about the laws of the kingdom, the Earl was thrown in prison. Dudley and other Puritan neighbors became interested in New England in 1627. In 1628 they procured a patent from the King for a plantation bounded on one side by Massachusetts Bay, Charles river on the south and Merrimac river on the north, and to include a strip of land three miles wide upon the shore of the bay and each shore of the two rivers, also for government of all who should come within that section of the country. The company sent over John Endicott. one of the undertakers, to take charge of the settlement, then under Roger Conant ; in 1629 the company sent over three hundred settlers. In April, 1630, with Winthrop and a large party of four ships, Dudley embarked for the colony to make his home there. He was an undertaker from December I, 1629; assistant March 18. and deputy governor March 23, 1629-30, at the last court held in England. He came to Salem in the ship "Arabella," sailing April 8, arriving June 12, 1630. Mr. Dudley settled first at Newtowne (now Cambridge). His house was at the corner of Dunster street, but he soon sold his place to Roger Harlakanden, and removed to Ipswich with his son. Rev. Samuel Dudley, Simon Bradstreet, Major Denison and others. He had large grants of land in various towns of the colony. He was one of the four first signers of the covenant of the first church, organized at Charlestown, where he was then living, in July, 1630, but which removed to Boston a few months later. In May, 1634, he was elected governor to succeed Winthrop, and was re-elected three times afterward - in 1640, 1646 and 1650; and was deputy-governor thirteen years. When not governor he was generally deputy-governor, but sometimes assistant, an office he field five years. Before 1634 the court of assistants chose the governor and deputy, and Mr. Dudley was the first governor chosen by the people at a general election. Governor Dudley vigorously opposed the doctrine preached by Rev. John Cotton that the secular government should be subservient to the priesthood. Mr. Dudley was one of the twelve men appointed by the general court to establish Harvard College in 1636, and when the charter of the college was granted in 1650, Dudley signed it as governor. The parchment is still preserved. At the general court, March, 1644, Dudley was appointed sergeant major-general of the colony. He was in the office four years, the first to hold this position. Governor Dudley's residence in Roxbury was nearly opposite the house of Rev. John Eliot, the Indian Apostle. The Dudley mansion was taken down in 1775, and a fort erected on the site, which is now occupied by the Universalist church. His tomb is in the graveyard nearest the church.

Historians all agree that Governor Dudley was a man of large ability and noble character ; jjerfectly honest, though blunt and severe. He died at Roxbury, July 31, 1653, sincerely mourned by the little American commonwealth he helped so much to build up. Cotton Mather said of him : "He was a man of sincere piety. exact justice, hospitality to strangers and liberality to the poor." His will was dated April 26, 1652, with additions April 13, May 28 and July 8, 1653. It expresses his desire to be buried in the grave of his first wife; bequeathing to all his children by both wives, and to grandchildren Thomas and John Dudley, whom he had brought up. He married sons and two daughters by her first marriage, and two sons and a daughter by her second. She married third. Rev. John Allen, of Dedham, and died August 29, 1671. Children of Thomas and Dorothy Dudley: i. Rev. Sam- uel, born 1610, in England ; married Mary Winthrop. 2. Anne, born about 16 12, in England ; married Governor Simon Bradstreet (see Bradstreet family). 3. Patience, born in England: died February 8, 1689-90, at Ipswich ; married Major Daniel Denison, at Cambridge. 4. Sarah, baptized July 23, 1620, at Sempringham, England; died 1659, at Roxbury ; married Major Benjamin Keane ; second, Thomas Pacy, of Boston. 5. Mercy, born September 27, 1621, in England; died July I, 1691, at Newbury, Massachusetts; married Rev. John Woodbridge. Children of Thomas and Catherine Dudley: 6. Deborah, born February 2^, 1645; died November i. 1683; married Jonathan Wade, of ]\Iedford, Massachusetts. 7. Joseph, born September 23, 1647, ^t Roxbury ; died April 2, 1720; married Rebecca Tyng. 8. Paul, born September 8, 1650; died December i, 1681 ; married Alary, daughter of Governor John Leverett.

This surname originated BRADSTREET from a locality in London, Bread Street, where was in ancient times the bread market of the city. As early as 1273, at a time when surnames were but just coming into general use in England, Master Thomas de Bread Street, clerk, received the grant of a quit rent issuing from a tenement in the parish of All Hallows, Bread street. His name also occurs as "De Bredstrate" and "dc Bradstrat," till in 1294 we find him rector of Tollesberry, Essex, acting as deputy of the Bishop of London, for collecting from the neighboring church of Heybridge the tenth lately granted King Edward I at Ely. In 1293 Walter de Bredstrete received a tenement in the parish of All Hallows de Bredstrete, under the will of Peter son of John de Long; and W^illiam de Bredstrete. bokeler, harl a grant in 1243 of land in Wood street, parish of St. Alphegc. From the old London family of De Bredstrete came the Sufifolk family of Broadstreet or Bradstreet from which Rev. Simon Bradstreet descended. The Bradstreet coat-of-arms used by Governor Bradstreet and his ancestors : Argent, a greyhound passant gules, on a chief sable, three crescents or. Crest : An arm in armour embowed, the hand grasping a scimitar all proper. Motto: Virtute et non z>i. (By courage, not by strength). The arms of Sir Simon Bradstreet, Bart, of Stracumnie, county Kildare, Ireland, a descendant of the same English family to which Governor Bradstreet belonged, were the same. The present seat of

(I) Rev. Simon Bradstreet, father of the governor, was "the son of a Suffolk gentleman of fine estate." He was under Dr. Laurence Chaderton, one of the earliest fellows of Emmanuel College, Cambridge. This Dr. Chaderton was prebendary of Lincoln, and one of the translators of the King James Bible, \\nien Emmanuel College was built by Sir Walter Mildway, in 1584, Dr. Chaderton became its first master, and many of the Puritan leaders of that generation were educated there. Elizabeth Chaderton, daughter of the first master, was mother of Isaac Johnson, who married Lady Arabella, daughter of Thomas, Earl of Lincoln, and who with Dudley, Bradstreet and others founded the colony of Massachusetts Bay as a refuge for Puritans. After taking his degrees, Rev. Simon Bradstreet became vicar of Horbling parish, county Lincoln, as early as October 3, 1596, the date of the first transcript of records in his handwriting. He spelled his name "Symon Broadstreet" at that time. The parish records have been lost or destroyed, but from the transcripts of the Bishop of Lincoln a copy has been obtained of the baptism of the vicar's children. The record of his own funeral occurs in the transcript at Lincoln running "from the 25 of March 1620 to the 25 of March, 1621," as follows: "Simon Bradstreete, minister (Friday) Februarie 9" 1621-2." Only two wills of the name of Bradstreet arc found in the calendar of Lincoln wills from 1 500 to 1650, viz: Simon Bradstreet, of Horbling. 1621 ; and Margaret, his wife, 1631. Rev. Simon bequeathed to his eldest son Samuel, his second son Simon, and his youngest son John, all minors: to wife Margaret the house at North Rawceby, Lincolnshire, to be sold after her death and the price equally divided among his three sons ; to the poor of Horbling and Brigend. Margaret, his widow, bequeathed in a nuncupative will to her son John Bradstreet as residuary legatee, also to Samuel and Simon ten pounds each. It appears that she had borrowed ten pounds of Simon and lent the same sum to Samuel, so she freed Samuel of his obligation but stipulated that Simon should be paid according to his bond, if he demanded payment, which she did not expect him to do. The will was signed by Mr. William Watson, the minister, and Anne Wright, wife of Thomas. Children: i. Samuel, baptized September 19, 1602. 2. Governor Simon, baptized March 18, 1604: mentioned below. 3. Mercy, baptized ]\Iarch 9, 1606; died a few hours after birth. 4. John, baptized February 8, 1607-8; beheved to be the John Bradstreet, Esq., who had large grants of land in Blancheville Park, county Kilkenny, Ireland ; ancestor of Sir Simon Bradstreet, whose coat-ofarms is referred to above.

(II) Governor Simon Bradstreet, son of Rev. Simon Bradstreet, was baptized March 18, 1603-4, at Horbling, Lincolnshire. He matriculated at Emmanuel College, and doubtless intended to take holy orders as his father had done. His capacity, we are told, and the desire of his father to give him an education, induced Dr. Preston, an intimate friend of his father, to take an interest in the son. When he was sixteen he was entered at Emmanuel College as governor to the young Lord Rich, son of the Earl of Warwick. "This young nobleman did not come to the University, and a brother of the Earl of Lincoln, of rather idle and dissipated habits, being then in college and claiming too much of the time and attention of Bradstreet, he left the institution after a year and returned to the Earl of Lincoln." The death of his father at this time may have influenced him in leaving college. For the next eight years he assisted Thomas Dudley (later governor of Massachusetts Bay), then steward of the Earl of Lincoln at Sempringham. There, in 1628, he married Anne Dudley, then but sixteen years old, daughter of Thomas Dudley. Subsequently Bradstreet was steward of the Dowager Countess of Warwick. He came with Governor Winthrop to Massachusetts Bay colony in the ship "Arabella," in 1630. He had become a Puritan in religion, and joined the movement to found a colony of Puritans in America, one of the youngest of the leaders. He was elected an assistant when he was twenty-six, before leaving England. With Dudley, his father-inlaw, he was one of the founders of Newtown, now Cambridge, Massachusetts, in the spring of 1631, and was a resident of that town several years. In 1639 the general court granted to him five hundred acres of land in Salem, "in the next convenient place to Governor Endicott's farm." For a short time, too, he resided at Ipswich, removing thence to Andover, of which he was one of the first settlers in 1648, and for many years its first citizen. In addition to his office of assistant he was selectman of the town of Andover from the first meeting until 1672. He was also the first secretary of the colony, and hekl that office continuously from 1630 to 1644. In 1643 ^e was appointed one of the commissioners of the united colonies, and served many years. In 1653 he vigorously opposed making war on the Dutch in New York and on the Indians, "and it was prevented by his steady and conscientious opposition and the decision of the general court of Massachusetts, though earnestly and strenuously urged by all the commissioners of the other colonies." In 1650 he was one of the commissioners to determine the boundary between the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam and the English colony at New Haven. Another difficult problem he solved in 165 1 as a commissioner to treat with the people of York and Kittery, Maine, claimed by the Massachusetts Bay colony as part of its territory, and in 1652 an instrument was signed by the inhabitants of what became York county, acknowledging the jurisdiction of Massachusetts. In June, 1654, Mr. Bradstreet was active in a meeting at Ipswich to take action to refute certain calumnies against the colony, forwarded to Protector Cromwell, and in Alay, 1661, after the restoration of the Stewarts, he was placed on a committee of the general courts to look after their charter rights. Bradstreet drew up an address to the king, declaring the rights and liberties of the colony as well as the allegiance, loyalty and duty to the king, and it was favorably received. Soon afterward the colony was summoned to court to answer charges, particularly of persecution of Quakers, and Bradstreet and Norton were sent to England to answer. Though the mission was entirely successful, the king promising a full pardon of past political offences and confirmation of the ancient charter rights, some of the conditions were obnoxious and the commissioners were blamed for making concessions to an unreasonable populace. In 1673 he was in the public confidence enough to be elected deputygovernor, and he continued, through re-election in that office until 1679 when, at the age of seventy-six, he was first chosen governor, having been an assistant, however, for fifty years in succession. He was the last governor under the charter which in May, 1686, was dissolved, and Joseph Dudley, his brother-in-law, became by royal appointment the president of New England. Bradstreet was appointed one of the counselors, but he declined to serve, as did also his son Colonel Dudley Bradstreet. During the tyrannical administration of Sir Edmund Andros, who followed Dudley, Governor Bradstreet, though nearly ninety years old, was active in resenting the oppressive measures and when the people of Boston rose to arms, April i8, 1689, Mr. Bradstreet and fourteen of the magistrates signed a demand U])on An':'ros to relinquish his office and surrender the government and fortifications to the people. The revolution took place, Bradstreet took charge of the government and Andres was thrown in prison. The old charter was restored and the general court again assembled. Mr. Bradstreet was annually reelected governor of Massachusetts and New Hampshire, under the union of these provinces, until the arrival of Sir William Phipps in May, 1692, with a new charter from William of Orange, which deprived the people of the right to elect the governor and which named Bradstreet as senior counsellor to the governor. But the venerable governor decided to retire from public life. He died March 27. 1697. in the ninety-fifth year of his age. at Saleln. and the general court voted "in consideration of the long and extraordinary service of Simon Bradstreet, late governor, one hundred pounds toward defraying the charges of his interment." TTis tomb is in the old Charter street burying ground, Salem.

"Mr. P.radstreet. although a strict Puritan in faith, and as decidedly oj^posed to all heresy and schism as his austere relative Dudley, was endowed with a different temper and for the sake of peace or with the hope of reformation, could more readily excuse an offender. He seems to have been embued with a spirit more gentle and to have been influenced by a better idea of religious freedom than some of his associates in the colony. While the Antinomian controversy was pending he seems to have been inclined to more moderate measures than the exasperated magistrates and elders. * To speak evil of rulers was an offence, but Bradstreet favored freedom of speech. He condemned the excesses of the witchcraft delusion, and was one of the few prominent men that opposed the frightful crimes of the ministers and judges committed in the name of the law." "He was a man," says Felt, "of deep discernment, whom neither wealth nor honor could allure from duty. He poised with an equal balance the authority of the King and the liberty of the people."

Plis first wife, Anne Dudley, was one of the most intellectual women of the colony, a poet of ability, worthv daughter of a governor, and worthy wife of another governor. "In liberal ideas and toleration she was far ahead of her cokl Puritan surroundings. At her death, honors and laurels were heaped unstintedly upon her name, and laudatory sermons commemorative were preached in all the principal churches of the colony ; funeral elegies and addresses hours in length were delivered, according to the dearest and dreariest form of Puritan custom." She was probably buried at Andover, but no gravestone now marks her resting place. She died September 16. 1672, aged about sixty. Governor Bradstreet married second, Ann (Downing) Gardner, sister of Sir George Downing, and widow of Captain Joseph Gardner. His will was dated December 23. 1689, proved January 27, 1692-3. Children, all by first wife: i. Dr. Samuel, a physician, graduate of Harvard College, 1653; married first, Mercy Tyng ; second, Martha . 2. Sarah, married first, Richard Hubbard : second. Major Samuel Ward. 3. Rev. Simon, born 1638; married Lucy Woodbridge, who married second. Daniel Eppes. 4. Colonel Dudley, born 1648 ; married Ann. widow of Theodore Price. 6. Hannah or Ann. married June 3. 1659, Andrew Wiggin, of Exeter, son of Governor Thomas. 7. Mercy, married October 31. 1672. Major Nathaniel Wade. 8. John, mentioned below.

(H) John Bradstreet, son of Governor Simon Bradstreet. was born July 22, 1653. at Andover. Massachusetts. He died at Topsfield, in the same colony. January 11, 1718. He was a prominent citizen of Toi)sfield. He married. June 11, 1677, Sarah Perkins, daughter of William. Children, born at Topsfield : T. Simon, born April 14. 1682; mentioned below. 2. John, born January 3, 1693 ; married Rebecca. daughter of John and Sarah (Dickenson) Andrews. 3. Margaret, born November 27, 1696. 4. Samuel, born August 4. 1699; mentioned below. 5. Mercy, married John Hazen. of Boxford. Three other daughters were living in 17 10, but their names are not known.

(HI) Simon Bradstreet, son of John Bradstreet, was born at Topsfield, Massachusetts, April 14. 1682. He lived at Topsfield. He married. October 12, 171 1, Elizabeth, daughter of Rev. Joseph Capen, of Topsfield. Children, born at Topsfield: i. Elizabeth, born August 28. 1712; married November 2. 1729. Joseph Peabody; died December 31. 1751. 2. Simon, born April 21. 1714; married Anna Flint: their son Henry, born 1741, was father of Daniel, the father of John M.. founder of Bradstreet Commercial Angency. 3. Dudley, born May 2"/. 17 16. 4. John, born March 2, [718; mentioned below. 5. Margaret, born April 24. 1720; married Andrews. 6.

(IV) John Bradstreet, son of Simon Bradstreet, was born at Topsfield, March 2, 1718. He married, January 13, 1742, Elizabeth Fisk, of Wenham. Children, born at Topsfield: i. Priscilla, born January 8, 1745; married June 12, 1764, John Killam, of Boxford. 2. Mary, born December 22, 1748; married John Dodge, of Beverly. 3. Mehitable, born June 2, 1751. 4. Huldah, born April 15, 1754. 5. Lucy, born March 27, 1758. 6. Eunice, born August 16, 1760; married M^arch 25, 1783, Benjamin Emerson. 7. Captain Dudley, born October 8, 1765; mentioned below. 8. Elizabeth, married 1769, John Gould. 9. Sarah, born February I, 1756; married Daniel Gould.

(V) Captain Dudley Bradstreet. son of John Bradstreet, was born at Topsfield, October 8. 1765. He lived in the old house on the Bradstreet homestead first owned by Governor Bradstreet, at Topsfield, and in the possession of his descendants ever since. The place descended to Colonel Porter Bradstreet (8). Captain Bradstreet was a prominent citizen and active in the militia. He married, September 29, 1789, Polly Porter, of Danvers. He married second, Hannah Prince. He died April 23, 1833. Children, born at Topsfield of first wife: i. Colonel Porter, born December I. 1789; married April 8, 1812, Mehitable Bradstreet. 2. Major John, born October 8, 1792: mentioned below. 3. Dudley, born August ]6, 1796; died September 25. 1832. 4. Joseph, born November i. 1801 : married Abigail Shaw, of Beverly. 5. Elizabeth P., born January 11, 1803; married December 20, 1846, Silas Cochran. 6. Albert G., born May 19, 1805 ; married April 5, 1836, Lydia B. Stearns.

7. Rev. Thomas J., born April 7. 1807 ; graduate of Yale College : married Amanda Thomas, daughter of Seth Thomas, the famous clock manufacturer, of Plymouth Hollow (now Thomaston), Connecticut; children: Albert. Thomas, George, Edward and Mary.

9. Jonathan, born October i, 1808; died April 6, 1842; shot at Burlington, Iowa. 10. Lydia, born November 30, 1813 ; married May 18, 1847. Stephen White, of South Hadley, Massachusetts.

(VI) Major John Bradstreet, son of Captain Dudley Bradstreet, was born at Topsfield, October 8, 1792. He married, April 23, 1826, Sarah Rea. He was major of his regiment, and a prominent citizen of Danvers, Massachusetts. Children, born at Danvers : i. Dudley, born July 6, 1827; mentioned below. 2. John, born April 25, 1829. 3. Israel R., born December 23, 1830. 4. Harrison P., born 3ilarch 31, 1836. 5. Sarah R., born April 30,

( \ II ) Dudley Bradstreet. son of Major John Bradstreet, was born in Danvers, July 6, 1827. He was educated in the district school (No. 3) of his native town, and at the academy at Hampton Falls, New Hampshire. He learned the trade of tanner, and followed it as a trade and business all his active life. He made his home in Topsfield. February 22, 1848, and has lived there, where so many generations of his forefathers had livedo all the rest of his days to the present time. He has a record of voting at town and state elections for sixty consecutive years. He has been a prominent citizen for half a century or more. He held almost every position of trust and honor in the gift of his townsmen - was a member of the school committee fifteen years, and of the board of selectmen for twenty-five years, and in 1879 ^^^^s elected representative to the general court for year 1880. In politics he is a Republican ; in religion a Congregationalist. He married Mehitable Bradstreet. daughter of Josiah and Sarah (Patch) Bradstreet. (See below). Children, born at Topsfield: i. Sarah Josephine; married J. Loring Gould ; resides at Melrose ; six children : i. Harlan Gould, died aged four years ; ii. Lawrence Dudley Gould ; iii. Ethel Gertrude Gould : iv. Marion Bradstreet Gould ; v. Wallace Irving Gould ; vi. Sturgis Gould. 2. Horace Dudley, married Mabel W. Warner ; children : i. Faith Ethelyn ; ii. Mildred Ray ; iii. Hilda, died aged eleven months ; iv. Horace Edward (twin) ; v. Horton Dudley, (twin). 3. Josiah Porter, married Adelaide Smith ; child. Judson. 4. Samuel Wallace, unmarried. 5. Alice Gertrude, single. 6. Ruth Adelaide, married Frank Bradstreet ; children : i. Richard ; ii. Helen ; iii. Bertha, died aged six months. 7. John Henry, married Lizzie Kneeland ; children : i. Dorothy Ann ; ii. Kenneth. 8. Percy Leroy. 9. Albert Chase. 10. M^ehitable Dudley.

(IV) Samuel Bradstreet, son of Samuel Bradstreet, was born in Topsfield, March 8, 1729. He married, April 5, 1763, Ruth Lamson. Children, born at Topsfield : i. Samuel, born January 2, 1764. 2. Ruth, born March 8, 1766; married May 8, 1791, Billy (Bela) Emerson. 3. Elijah, born July 4. 1767; married Phebe Ingalls, of Andover. 4. Asa, born May 29, 1769; married November 30, 1790, Abigail Balch. of Topsfield. 5. John; see forward. 6. Moses, born August 26, 1773; married May 7, 1795, Lydia I'eabody. Child of second wife: 7. Daughter, died young.

(V) John Bradstreet, son of Samuel Bradstreet, was born in Topsfield, December 9, 1 771. He married. Jamiary 9, 1792, Mehitable Balch. Children, born at Topsfield: i. Mehitable, born ^larch 29, 1793. 2. Cornelius, born October 30, 1796. 3. Ruth, born February 16, 1799; married Solomon Wildes, of Boston, as second wife. 4. Cynthia, born November, 1802. 5. Josiah, born September 25, 1804; mentioned below. 6. John, born Noveniber ir, 181 1.

(VI) Josiah Bradstreet, son of John Bradstreet, was born at Topsfield, September 25, 1804. He married Sarah Patch. Children, born at Topsfield: i. Mehitable Porter, married Dudley Bradstreet (7), mentioned above. 2. Josiah, Jr. 3. Sarah. 4. Henrietta. 5. John. 6. Eliza. 7. Joseph I^., born April 11, 1846, at Topsfield. 8. Anne.

ancient date in England. The surname was adopted by cnie of the most illustrious families of the East Riding of Yorkshire, England, as early as the twelfth century and in the thirteenth Savile was a large and flourishing family. Some writers have fancifully ascribed to this name an Italian origin, but the name was originally Norman without doubt. The evidence tends to show that all the families of this surname had a common origin. Thomas Savile, Esq., of Savile Hall, Yorkshire, in the time of Henry III had two sons : i. John, his heir ; 2. Henry, ancestor of the Savilles, baronets, of Copley and Meehley. Sir John Savile, sherifif of county York, in the fifth and eleventh years

Savile, baronets, of Thornhill. In various parts of England the family bears this coat-of-arms or one closely resembling it : Argent on a bend sable three owls of the field. Branches of the family have been prominent at Oxton and Ruft'orcl Abbey in Nottinghamshire, in Derby and Devonshire.

(I) William Saville was the immigrant ancestor as far as known of all of the early families of New England. He was a joiner by trade. He settled in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and was employed there by the notorious Nathaniel Eaton in 1641. Fie removed to Braintree where his descendants have been luunerous to the present time. He married Hannah Tidd, daughter of John Tidd, tailor, an immigrant from Hartford, England, and she is mentioned in her father's will. She died .August 14, 1650, and he married (second), November 2, 1655, Sarah Gannitt. He died April 6, 1669. His will was dated February, 1668-69, be(|ueathing to wife Sarah, sons John, Samuel, Benjamin and William, daughters Hannah and Sarah. By agreement made June 14, 1669, between the widow and sons, she was to have all she brought to their father at the time of his marriage. Children: i. John, born -April 22, 1642. 2. Samuel, October 30, 1643. 3. l>enjamin, October 28, 1645, resided at Braintree. 4. Hannah. ]\Iarch ii. 1648. 5. William, July 17, 1652. Child of Sarali : 6. Sarah, October 15, 1654.

( III ) Thomas Saville, doubtless a grandson of William Saville (i), was born April 17, 1699. He is said to have been living at Maiden, Massachusetts, before removing to Gloucester, where he made his home. A branch of tlie Saville family located in the adjacent town of Med ford, and at an early date some of the preceding generation lived at Woburn. He was a cooper by trade and followed his trade at Annisquam (Gloucester), where he died March 19, 1783, at the advanced age of eighty-four years. He married, January 24, 1720. Mary Ilaraden, born February 5, 1704, died at Gloucester, June 4, 1775. Children:

(IV) Jesse Saville, son of Thomas Saville (3), born at Gloucester, December 16, 1740, baptized in the Third Church, December 31 of the same year. He received a good education, and held a commission under the King of officer of customs. This office was held at the expense of much unpopularity and considerable personal danger. The strict performance of what he considered his duty made him extremely unpopular, and he suiTered severely in person and property. In those days immediately preceding the revolution the feeling was even more bitter. In 1768 the exasperated people searched his home in quest of one Samuel Fellows, a collector of revenues. The man had fled, and escaped his pursuers, but the mob vented its anger upon Saville and his family. He was knocked down while defending his home, and narrowly escaped more serious injury. The merchants continued to violate the customs laws, and, notwithstanding the recent scene at his house, he insisted upon their compliance with the law. He defied public sentiment, perhaps unwisely, and on the night of March 22, 1770, he was seized in his bed by a party of men disguised as negroes and Indians, and dragged in an inhuman manner to the harbor four miles distant, where he was subjected to various indignities until his tormentors were tired. This outrage caused much hard feeling in the town, ^id it was called to the attention of the governor. Jesse Saville died at an advanced age, March 10, 1823. He married (first), . October 6, 1763. Martha Babson, born October 8, 1745, died April 19, 1785. He married (second), Mrs. Hannah Dane, of Ipswich, who died May 3, 1827, aged eighty years. Children of first wife: I. Thomas, born August 18, 1764, mentioned below. 2. Abiah, born June 12, 1766, died February 18, 1843. 3. John, born April 16, 1768, went to sea at the age of fourteen, was taken by a British frigate to England, and never returned. 4. William, born March 17, 1770, died January 11, 1853; schoolmaster, trader, farmer, town clerk. 5. James, born October 16, 1772, died June 6, 1805. 6. Martha, born December 16, 1774, died December 13, 1801. 7. Oliver, born January 20, 1777, died on voyage from India, of small pox, March 14, 1801. 8. Epps, born March 1779, died July 6, 1820. 9. David, born March 13, 1781, died 1801 ; lost at sea with crew from ship "Winthrop and Mary." Children of second wife: 10. Mary Dane, born March 7, 1787. 11. Hannah, born December 24, 1790, died,- 1854.

(V) Thomas Saville, son of Jesse Saville (4), born at Gloucester, August 18, 1764, died there May 7, 1845. He received an excellent education for those times, and both he and his brother William were school masters in the districts of Gloucester. They were both known as "Master Saville," and were successful in their calling. The occupation seemed to prevail among the Savilles ; Sir William Saville was teacher of mathematics to Queen Elizabeth. In later years Thomas Saville went to sea and became captain of a vessel. During the Embargo acts, while in the West Indies, his ship was captured by a French frigate and taken to Guad'eloupe, where the vessel and cargo were confiscated. He was obliged to return home in another ship. While in port in Gloucester, he used to secrete the cargo in the attic of his house, to evade the revenue officers. During the last part of his life he kept the Tavern House at Annisquam for his son John, and was active as long as his health permitted, he being a great sufiferer from rheumatism. He was a member of the Orthodox church, and brought up his family in strict accordance with that faith. He was a prominent figure in the history of Annisquam.

He married. May 10, 1787, Betsey Haraden, born June 15, 1764, died September 23, 1836. Children: i. Betsey, born June 5, 1788, died May 22, 1816; married Charles Wheeler ; children : Roscoe Wheeler, Charles Wheeler. 2. Thomas, born June 3, 1791, died on shipboard from Havana, September 4, 1809. 3. John, born April 6, 1793, died December 20, 1834; married Caroline Peabody, of Boston; children : Elizabeth, married Ezra Leonard, of Gloucester, and had Charles Leonard ; William, Arianna, John Thomas. 4. Ira, born August 31, 1797, died December 21 1865; married, November 5, 1827, Mary Bates, of Cohassett, who died December 15, 1888, aged eighty-six years, seven months, ten days ; children : i. Mary Bates, born June 8, 1837, died September 17, 1905; married, October 3, 1861, John Butterfield Spaulding, of Lexington, and had John Stillman Spaulding, born August 30, 1865 (married July 25, 1895. Grace Lovejoy, of Chelsea, and had Edward Lovejoy Spaukling, born December 15, 1896, and Stihrnan Saville Spaulding, born July 5, 1903, died January 28, 1904) ; ii. Ira Austin Spaulding, born October 21, 1841, died December 29, 1844; iii. Ellen Bayley Spaulding, born November 18, 1843, married, June i, 1865, Ralph Irving Lane, of Gloucester, and had Ralph Edgar Lane, born March 6, 1867 (married, January 22, 1897, \^era Perin, of Roxbury, and had Rachel Perin Lane, born July 2, 1898, and Irving Saville Lane, born March 28, 1901, died June 11, 1903). 5. IMartha Babson, born April 22, 1802, died November 23, 1871 ; married Isaiah Jewett, of Gloucester ; children : i. James Saville Jewett, born November 10, 1830, married, October 2, 1861, Ellen Frances Clough, of Gloucester, and had James Saville Jewett, Frederick Saville Jewett (married Annie Griffin and had Alarion Jewett). Annie Babson Jewett (married, June 4. 1907, Charles Samuel Allen, of AUston), Frank Jewett, Martha Ann Jewett, Alice Jewett and William Jewett. 6. David, born June 2, 1804, mentioned below. 7. James Babson, born January 29, 1808, died September 7, 1894; married. December 10, 1840. Rebecca Ann Grouse, of Nova Scotia; children: i. William James, born Alay 29. 1852. married (first), September 28, 1874, Emma E. Fuller, divorced and married (second), December 2, 1903, Sadie M. Littlehale, of New Bedford ; ii. David Thomas, born August 18, 1858, married June 3, 1878, Mary Isabelle Gleason, of Dorchester, and had Norma Louis, born January 6, 1880. and Josephine Lewis, born Sej^tember I, 1881. 8. Laura, born April 5, 1810. died October 15. 1881 ; married, January i. 1832, Gustavus Griffin, of Gloucester; children: i. Charles Carroll Griffin, married Eleanor Saunders and had Wallace Carroll Griffin, born. October i. 1863, (married Mrs. Annie Partridge and had Blanche, Florence and Henry Griffin), Delia Griffin, born September 18. 1865, Henry Griffin, born December 10. 1867. Osborne Griffin ; ii. Caroline Griffin, died March 16, 1906; iii. Gustavus Griffin. Jr.. married Adeline Going and had Lester K. Griffin, born March 22, 1864, and Addie Griffin, married McClellan ; iv. Betsey

Griffin, born July 28, 1838, died November 6, 1870. married Henry Jones, of Bayview, and had Etta F. Jones, born October 12, 1866; v. Ruel Griffin, born August 14. 1840, died October, 1876, married Ann Eliza Clough; vi. Laura Ann Griffin, born Sei)tember 24, 1842, married. August 20, i86s, \Mlliam H. Chard and had William H. Chard, Jr., born Jvdy 29, 1866, died October 9, 1886; Arthur Griffin Chard, born March 5, 1869, died March 19, 1869; Kate Osgood Chard, born August 8, 1870, died February 8, 1873 ; Herbert Chard, born December 31, 1871, died January 20, 1872; Lizzie Brewer Chard, born October 10, 1873. <'i^<^l September 20, 1880; Ernest Dade Chard, born September 30, 1876 (married, February 7, 1906, Geneva P. Chadwigk) ; Abbie ]\Iaria Chard, born June 3, 1878, died September 28, 1880; Laura Saville Chard, born November 19, 1882; Caroline Griffin Chard, born January 10, 1885. vii. John Griffin, born December 14, 1844, married, 1868. Abby Maria Chard, and had Fred Griffin, born October 18. 1868, died December, 1880; George Brewer Griffin, born March 17, 1873 (married Mabel Wentworth) ; Grace Griffin, born January 31, 1887; '^''i'- Sarah Griffin, born January 11. 1848: ix. Ada Griffin, born August 5. 1849, married Henry Hamlin and had Charles Babson Hamlin, born August

21, 1 85 1, married William Arthur Gibson and had Rena Gibson, born October 24, 1875; William Arthur Gibson, Jr. ; Bessie Emma Gibson, born March 24, 1888.

(\'I ) David Saville, son of Thomas Saville (5). born at Gloucester, June 2. 1804. He attended the common schools of his native town until he was fourteen years old, when he went to sea on a vessel bound for Pacific waters. They put into a Chilean port, and the entire crew was impressed into the Chilean service. Lie deserted as soon as the opportunity came and returned home. He became master of a vessel in the West India trade, and early in the forties obtained a position in the old custom house in Boston, where he remained until 1849. At this time the gold fever broke out, and September 18 of that year ('1849) '^^ ^"^^ ^^is son Leonard A. sailed from Boston, Massachusetts, to California. They arrived in San Francisco after a one hundred and sixty days trip around the Horn. He entered into the produce supply business in San Francisco, and two years later removed to Sacramento, and was engaged in the grocery and mining supplies trade. Owing to impaired health the store was given up, and later he entered the stevedore and wharfage business, continuing until 1854. He returned east to Lexington, but after a short stay, in 1854, went again to San Francisco, where he resumed the wharfage business, and speculated some in mining stock. After another trip east he returned to California to settle up his affairs. At this time the city was suffering from an epidemic of small pox, which he contracted, and died July, 1868. He was buried in San Francisco. He was a man of fine intellect, energetic and forceful. His family was his chief happiness. He was a member of the Universalist church at Annisquam. He was a member of the Massachusetts legislature from Gloucester in 1835-36. He married, September 12, 1830, Ann Woodbury Leonard, born at Gloucester, July 20, 1808. died at Lexington. August 15, 1882, daughter of Rev. Ezra and Nancy (Woodbury) Leonard, of Gloucester. Children: i. Leonard Augustus, born January 31, 1833, mentioned below. 2. John, born July 7, 1835, died January 6, 1838.

3. Annie Woodbury, born July 8, 1838, married, December 13, i860, David Wood Muzzy, of Lexington; children: i. Benjamin Muzzy, born September 19, 1866, drowned August 24, 1885: ii. Susan Wood Muzzy, born July 20, 1868; iii. David Saville Muzzy, born October 9, 1870, married, September, 1901, Ina Bullis and had David Muzzy, born September 6, 1902, and Elizabeth Muzzy, born February 23, 1904 ; iv. Helen Elizabeth Muzzy, born August 21, 1874; V. Annie Leonard Muzzy, born June 28, 1877; vi. Clifford Loring Muzzy, born December 11, 1886. 4. Clifford, born July 19, 1840, served nine months in North Carolina during the civil war. 5. David, born May 8, 1843, by accident September 29, 1853. 6. Frank Edward, born December 24, 1846, married, June 3, 1869, Lydia Caroline Gerrish, of Chelsea ; children : i. Frank Edward, born March 17, 187 1, married, October

16, 1895, Emma C. Willcutt, of South Boston, and had Gladys Caroline, born August 5, 1896; Helen Frances, born September 27, 1897 ; Edward Clifford, born February 7, 1900: Royal Willcutt, born November 23, 1902 ; Arthur Frank, born May 5, 1904 ; ii. Ezra Leonard, born September 23, 1873, died April 22, 1875 ; iii. Sarah Augusta, born July

(VH) Leonard Augustus Saville, son of David Saville (6), was born at Gloucester, January 31, 1833. He attended schojol in his native town until he was twelve years of age, and afterward for one year under private tutorship in the family of Rev. Frederick Hinckley, of Leicester. He was also in the Charlestown high school nine months. In

1849 he removed to Lexington with his parents, and in the month of September following he and his father sailed from Boston, Massachusetts, in the vessel "Harriet Rockwell," under Captain Shubael Hawes, an old whaling master, with a party of "Forty-niners" on their way to the gold fields of California. The passage around the Horn took one hundred and sixty days. The ship touched at St. Catherine's, Brazil, and Valparaiso, Chili, arriving in San Francisco, February 25, 1850. He and some of the party went up the river with supplies for the mines, leaving his father behind. They decided to locate at the southern mines at Stockton. After a short time they went to Carson Flats and Stanislaus river, where he was engaged in mining and in- building dams for mining operations. Owing to the destruction wrought by the freshets, the work at the dam proved a failure, however, and he returned to San Francisco and then joined his father, who had engaged in the grocery business in Sacramento. He was with his father in the winter of 1850. His father's health failed and he went to San Francisco, leaving the son to wind up his business in Sacramento. After that Saville was with the coffee and spice house of Tucker and later worked at blacksmithing for a time. Returning to San Francisco he went into partnership with Rev. Mr. Harriman, dealing in merchandise of various kinds, which was shipped to their store in the southern mines. After two years he sold his interest in the business to his partner, and January 3, 1854, shipped on the "Northern Light," sailing around Cape Horn to Boston in ninety-one days. He returned to Lexington and began to learn the profession of civil engineering and architect in the ofifice of F. W. Silloway, but after a year and a half concluded that he preferred trade and started a grocery business in Lexington in partnership with Charles H. Bennett under the firm name of Bennett & Saville, buying the stock in trade of James H. Bennett and John Butterfield, of Lexington, together with the stock of his partner, Charles H. Bennett, in his Charlestown store. The store was located in the historic hall at the head of Lexington Common. The firm was very prosperous. In 1864 Mr. Bennett died and Mr. Saville continued alone until the time of his father's death in August, 1868, in California. He sold out to B. C. Witcher and went to California across the Isthmus of Panama to take charge of his father's estate and administer it. He was in California from No- veniber. 1868, to March, 1869, when he returned to Massachusetts to dispose of his property and returned by railroad with his family to California. He became a partner in the firm of Moulton Brothers, commission merchants. Drum street, the name being changed to Aloulton Brothers & Company, and he lived in San Francisco until 1873, when he returned with his family to Lexington. He entered into partnership with B. C. Witcher under the firm name of Witcher & Saville, and in 1875 bought the interests of his partner and continued alone until 1888 when he sold the business to George W. Spaulding, the present owner.

Mr. Saville has always taken a keen interest in public affairs. In 1867 he was elected town clerk of Lexington, resigning when he went to California, but being elected again after he returned, serving the town with fidelity and honor until 1901, when his appointment as postmaster precluded further service as town clerk. He was appointed postmaster, March 7. 1901, by President McKinley and has been re-appointed, holding the office to the present time. Largely through his interest in the offfce, it has been advanced from third to second class postoffice and the rural free delivery system inaugurated. Mr. Saville is serving his seventh term as justice of the peace, and when that term is complete will have served for forty-nine years in succession. He has from time to time done considerable conveyancing and real estate business, and represents some of the leading insurance companies in his town. He was for nine years a bail commissioner. He was formerly a Universalist, but is now a member of the Lexington Unitarian Church. He has been active in the Republican party from the organization, and has been elected delegate to various nominating conventions of his party. His first vote, however, was cast for the American or "Know-nothing" party. He was a representative from his district (the Eighteenth ]\Iiddlesex) to the general court in 1883, and was on the committee on towns and a monitor of the house. He has been an assessor, tax collector, and town treasurer of Lexington, and served the town on important committees. All his public duties have been performed faithfully and conscientiously. Mr. Saville is a member of Lexington Grange, No. 233, Patrons of Husbandry; Simon W. Robinson Lodge of Free Masons, Lexington ; Independence Lodge, Ancient Order of United Workmen, rtf which he was the first master. He is an associate member of George E. Meade Post, No. 119, Grand Army of the Republic, Lexington. He is a charter member of the Lexington Historical Society and its treasurer since its organization in 1886. He was formerly a member of the Belfry Club. He belongs to the New England Postmasters' Association, and is trustee of the Lexington Savings Bank and for many years member of its board of investment.

He married, at Lexington, June 5, 1862, Rebecca Hicks Gould, born at Charlestown, Massachusetts, died at Lexington, June 27, 1894, aged fifty-nine years, two months, fourteen days, daughter of James and Caroline W. (Brooks) Gould, of Charlestown. Her father was a soap manufacturer. Children: i. Fred Clifford, born February 21. 1863, married, May 4, 1887, May Agnes Mellenny, of Lexington ; children : i. Leonard IJrooks, born March 14. 1889: ii. ^Farjorie, June 6, 1890; iii. Rebecca Muzzy, May 19, 1892. 2. Annie Muzzy, born March 20, 1866, married, October 23. 1895. Charles Tilden Hartwell, of Arlington; she died October 17, 1905; no children.

and died May 24, 1667, aged eightyfour. He and his wife Elizabeth came in the shij:) "Mary and John" in 1630, and settled in Dorchester, Massachusetts. Two or more of his family, probably nephews, also settled in Dorchester. Aaron Way was a proprietor of Dorchester in 1640; freeman 7, 1651 ; bought a farm at Rumney Marsh, jointly with William Ireland, February 19. 165 1, and removed to Boston ; gave bonds for his brother Richard W^ay in 1657; was dismissed to the new church at Boston, with his wife and William Ireland, February 3, 1660-61 ; his will is dated August 25 and proved September 26, 1695. Richard Way, another brother, was a cooper by trade, lieutenant of the Dorchester company : was admitted to the church ]\Iay 5, 1643, and freeman April 27. 1657; removed to Boston and was admitted townsman April 27, 1657; deposed in 1666 that his age was fortytwo. There was a Widow Way in Dorchester, February 23, 1646, perhaps mother of Aaron and Richard and sister-in-law of Henry. There is reason to believe that her husband was George Way, mentioned in the Dorchester records, January 2, 1637-38, as having had a grant of land formerly. Henry Way is dignified with the prefix '"Mr.." which at that time indicated some rank or social station. He came with the first company of pioneers, and carried on a fishing business. His boat saved three shipwrecked men off the coast, July 26, 1631, and two other boats of his were lost, five men being killed by the Indians and two drowned in 1632. He was admitted to the church May 5, 1643. His wife Elizabeth died June 23, 1665, aged eighty- four. Children : I. George, mentioned below. 2. Samuel. 3. Henry Jr. 4. Richard. 5. Elizabeth. 6. A son, lost in the winter passage of the ship "Lion," chartered by the governor and council to go to Bristol, England, for food for the colonies, December or January, 1630-31.

(H) George Way, son of Henry Way (i), born in England about 1620, died at Saybrook, Connecticut, about 1690. While he was living in Boston, with the rest of the family, mentioned above, he supported Roger Williams, and though not among the original twelve founders of Rhode Island, he soon followed, about 1657, and after the town of Providence was burned he settled in Saybrook, Connecticut. He married, in Boston, Elizabeth, daughter of John and Joanna Smith. While at Boston he shared in a division of the Neck Lands, now South Boston, 1637. He took the oath of allegiance May 31, 1661. Children: i. Elizabeth, born in Boston, March 19, 165 1. 2. George, settled in New London; died February 23, 1717; married Susanna, daughter of Joseph West ; on account of deep snows the body was not buried until March 7. 3. Thomas, mentioned below.

(HI) Thomas \\ay, son of George Way (2), born in Rhode Island, about 1665, died 1726. at East Haven, Connecticut, whither he removed about 1720 from Saybrook. He was a farmer. He married Ami, daughter of Andrew Lester, according to the New London history. Children: i. Daniel, born December 23, 1688. 2. Ebenezer, born October 30, 1693; mentioned below. 3. Elizabeth. 4. George, born about 1695. 5. David. 6. James, settled at East Haven. 7. Hannah. 8. John, resided in Wallingford. 9. Thomas, born March 18, 1700; died at New London before twenty years old. 10. Mary, died December 22, 171 1.

(IV) Ebenezer Way, born October 30, 1693; died July 17, 1787. He was a merchant and shipper. Some of his vessels were captured and destroyed during the revolution. He married, November 9, 1714, Mary Harris, born at New London, May 10, 1696, died August 18, 1777, daughter of Peter and Elizabeth (Harris) Harris. Children: i. John, mentioned below. And others.

( \' ) John Way, son of Ebenezer Way (4), born in New London, Connecticut, August 12, 1731 ; died at Lempster, New Hampshire, January 2, 1802. He was a sea captain and in later life a farmer. He was among the first settlers of Lempster, New Hampshire, and one of the leading citizens for many years. He married, about 1760, Grace Ann Daniels, born at New London, 1740, died at Lempster, August 5, 1830, daughter of James and Grace (Edgecomb) Daniels, and granddaughter of Lord Edgecomb, of Plymouth, England. Children: 1. John, born about 1755; mentioned below. 2. Jasper, born at New London, May 22, 17 - , died at Claremont, New Hampshire, December, 1845, farmer, married Eebruary 7, 1793,' Betsey, daughter of Captain Nathaniel Odiorne : she was born June 14, 1769, and died April 4, 1832 ; married second, Polly Sanborn, widow. 3. Nathaniel. 4. Benjamin. 5. Thomas, signed petition November 21, 1 79 1, with Nathaniel, Benjamin, John Sr. and John Jr., all of Lempster. Probably other children.

(W) John Way, son of John Way (5), was born in Connecticut, probably at New London, in 1755 ; settled with father and brothers in Lempster, New Hampshire, at the close of the revolution; was assessed there in 1787 with father and Nathaniel Way. He was of Marlow, according to the census of 1790, but lived during his active life chiefly at Lempster. He was a farmer and a wealthy man for his day. Children: i. William, mentioned below. 2. Leonard, born at Lempster in 1796; died December 13, 1870; settled in Charlestown, Massachusetts, 1835 ; married, 1822, Olive Graves, of Unity, born 1795; children: i. Susan, born March 8, 1821, married Alpheus Perry; ii. Franklin, resided in Chicago; iii. Louise, married Albert W. Gilmore ; iv. Henry, resided in San Francisco ; v. Gardner, born November 16, 1833; married his cousin Marion W. Way, daughter of John and Polly (Emerson) Way, of Lempster. 3. John, married Polly Emerson. 4. Harriet. 5. Orpha.

(VII) William Way. son of John Way (6), was born in Lempster, New Hampshire, about 1780; married Anna, daughter of Abner Smith, of Marlow, New Hampshire. He removed to Lyndonville, Vermont, and later in life to St. Charles, Illinois. He was a Methodist in religion. Children: i. Gilbert. 2. Silas, born 1816; resides at 135 Main street.

Boston And Eastern 3.Iassachusetts

liatavia, Illinois; the only one of the children surviving in 1907, then aged ninety-one years ; the source of much of the information in this family history was obtained from him. 3. Franklin. 4. Alonzo A., mentioned below. 5. Salome, married Chapin Wheelock, of Moline,

(VIII) Alonzo A. Way, son of William Way (7), was born in Lyndonville. \"ermont, and was educated there in the public schools. When he left home in his youth he served an apprenticeship in Boston in the tailor's trade, and afterward followed his trade. When a young man he established himself in business in the city of Haverhill, Massachusetts, and became in time one of the leading tailors of that city. He acquired a competence, and retired some years before his death, sj^ending his last days in Haverhill. He died there June, 1896. Mr. WW was an active and useful citizen, and exerted every efifort toward the improvement and benefitting of the city. He was a Republican in politics and a strong and wholesome influence in his party. He was alderman from his ward for many years in the city government, and served on important committees. Mr. \\'ay was largely selfeducated, but he had distinct literary tastes and read many books. He loved travel and had visited all parts of this country and spent much time abroad. He was a close observer, and had a retentive memory, so that he became a veritable storehouse of information and general knowledge. He was a member of the Pentucket Club of Haverhill. He married Anna Butters, daughter of Frank Butters, and niece of Charles Butters, of Haverhill. He married, second, January i, 1874, Clara A. "Yeaton, born in New Castle, New Hampshire, 1847, daughter of William and Maria (White) Yeaton. By the second marriage he had his only child, Marion W., born April 22, 1877, married Harris W. Spaulding, September 29, 1897; they have two children: i. Way Si)aulding, born July 3, 1898; ii. EvcInii H. Spaulding, born March 15, 1900.

Governor John Endicott was ENDICOTT a man of impulsive and impetuous temper, and sometimes too summary and severe in his views and acts. But no mild or weak nature could have contended with the wilderness trials he was called to encounter. As Palfrey well says in his excellent "History of New England :" "His honesty, frankness, fearlessness and generous public spirit had won their proper guerdon in the general esteem.'" Or we m.ay adopt the words with which Bancroft introduces him in his brilliant "History of the L'nited States :" "A man of dauntless courage, and that cheerfulness which accompanies courage ; benevolent, though austere ; firm, though choleric; of a rugged nature, which his stern principles of non-conformity had not served to mellow - he was selected as a fit instrument to begin this wilderness work."

As the founder of this oldest town (Salem) of Massachusetts proper, whose annals contain the history of so much of early commercial enterprise and so much of literary and scientific celebrity, including such eminent names as Gray and Peabotly and Derby, and Silsbee and Pickering and Putnam, and Saltonstall and Bentley and Bowditch and Story, and Peirce and Prescott and Hawthorne - his own name could nevjer be forgotten. While as gcwernor of the pioneer plantation which preceded the transfer of the whole Massachusetts government from Old England to New England - without either predecessor or successor in the precise post which he was called upon to fill from 1628 to 1630 - he must always hold a uni(|ue place in Massachusetts history. Nor will it ever be forgotten that when he (lied, in 1665, he had served the colony in various relations, including the very highest, longer than any other one of the Alassachusetts fathers.

These words of honest appreciation were spoken by Robert C. Winthrop on the occasion of the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the "Landing of John Endicott," the ceremony of which was held in Salem in September, 1878; and to the just sentiments expressed by the speaker whose name has been noted, it will not be out of place at this time to add an extract from the address of Dr. Palfrey, at the celebration of the Danvers centennial in 1852:

"When the vessel which bore the first governor of Massachusetts was entering the harbor of Salem, she was anxiously watched from the beach by four individuals, styled in the quaint chronicles of the time as 'Roger Conant and three sober men.' This vessel swung to her moorings and flung the red cross of St. George to the breeze, a boat put off for the shore, and that the governor might land dry shod, Roger Conant and his 'three sober men' waded into the water and bore him on their shoulders to the dry land." In behalf of the patentees he thus took possession of the land described in the patent.

The life and public service of Captain John Endicott have been made the subject of extended mention by numerous chroniclers of New England history, nearly all of whom have dealt fairly and impartially with the questions of his policy and purposes, while others have colored their narratives in certain respects so that a gross injustice Was done him. But it is not the purpose of our present narrative to discuss the question of his policy or to enter upon a detailed account of his official career, but rather to record something of his personal life and that of his family and some of his descendants in one generation after another - a subject which appears to have received little attention at the hands of historians and genealogists.

In an article written something more than sixty years ago by one of the descendants of Governor Endicott, the author says it is the general impression that all having this surname in this country are descended from Governor Endicott, but that this is a mistake. There were families of 'Tndicotts" distinct from his living in Boston and its vicinity sometime previous to 1700. The two names probably had the same origin, although so different in orthography. Of these, says the writer referred to, there was a John Indicott, warden of the King's Chapel, and a man of some consequence in 1691 ; Gilbert Indicott, yeoman, of Dorchester, born in 1658 ; and a William Indicott. "They appear to have been brothers, and contemporary with Governor Endecott's grandchildren, but they could not have been derived from him. * * * The governor and his descendants to the third generation spelt their name Endecott."

(I) John Endecott was born in 1588 (Savage says about 1589) in Dorchester, Dorsetshire, England, and by profession was a "chirurgeon" previous to his immigration to New England in the ship "Abigail" from Weymouth (a small seaport town on the channel about nine miles from Dorchester) with his wife and a company of about twenty or thirty persons, including women and children, and landed at Salem in September. 1628. He was one of the six original purchasers of the lands of the Massachusetts Bay from the Plymouth council on Alarch 19th preceding, and the only one of them who came over during the first two years following the purchase. He had been sent out to take charge of the company plantations in America, and was one of the founders of the ancient colony at Naumkeag (Salem), which he established as the permanent town of Salem, and in this action he also founded the first settlement in the Massachusetts Bay colony. He came with authority "to govern" and was "a fit instrument to begin this wilderness work; of courage bold, undaunted, yet sociable, and of cheerful spirit, loving or austere, as occasion served." (Johnson).

At Salem, Governor Endecott exercised chief authority until April, 1630, when John \\''inthrop arrived and assumed charge under the charter of the New England Company. He was then made a member of the court of assistants, but in 1634 he was removed from office and disfranchised for one year for having cut the red cross of St. George from the royal colors carried by the train band of Salem. In justification of this action he urged that the cross savored of popery, and was an abomination in the sight of those of his religious convictions ; and subsequent events showed the reason of his position, and the cross was omitted from the flag used by the militia of the colony. In this action he was warmed by the influence of Roger Williams, and his close association with that worthy character frequently involved him in complications which were not of his own creation. The frequently bold utterances of Williams were distasteful to the magistrates, but the planters defended their preachers and Endecott justified their defense, and for this ofi^ence he was committed ; but at length he found it useless to further offend the authority of the magistrates and deputies, and made the acknowledgment required of him, whereupon he was released. From that time he acted in harmony with the powers of the colony and regained the esteem of its leading men.

In 1634 John Endecott was chosen a member of the board of military commissioners of the colony in which was vested power to levy war, and to arrest, imprison or execute persons deemed to be enemies of the state. In 1636 he was placed in command of the Massachusetts troops in the expedition against the Pequot Indians, and in 1644 he was chosen governor of Massachusetts, was re-elected in 1649, and later served in that high office from 1655 to 1664, in all fifteen years, a longer period than any other governor under the old charter. In 1645, following his first term as governor, he was made sergeant major-general of the colonial troops, and in 1658 was president of the colonial commissions.

Ijoston And Eastern Massachusetts

Mr. Endecott removed from Salem to Boston, and he died in that city March 15, 1665, in his seventy-seventh year. He was a zealous Puritan, and showed an intense intolerance toward Roman Catholics, Episcopalians and Quakers which was entirely characteristic of the temper of the man himself and of the spirit of the times both in this country and in England. The house in which Governor Endecott lived in Salem had been first erected by the Dorchester Company at Cape Ann, and was removed from thence to Salem in 1628 for his use. Numerous interesting reminiscences and traditions have long been associated with the old Endecott house in Salem, and one of them runs to the effect that it was afterward known as the "Ship Tavern." An interesting narrative relating to the governor's house is found in the deposition of Richard Brachenburg, of Beverly, made in 1680, in which he 'testifieth' that he came to New England with Endecott, and that "wee came ashore at the place now called Salem the 6th of September in the yeare of our Lord, 1628: fifty-two years agoe : at Salem wee found living, old Goodman Norman, and his sonn : William Allen, and Walter Knight, and others," * * * "and they declared that ihey had an house built at Cape Ann for the Dorchester Company : and I having waited upon Mr. Endecott, when he attended the company of the Massachusetts Pattentees, when they kept their court in Cornwall streete in London I understood that this company of London having bought out the right of the Dorchester marchants in New England, that Mr. Endecott had power to take possession of theire right in New England, which Mr. Endecott did, and in particular of an house built at Cape Ann, which Walter Knight and the rest said they built for Dorchester men : and soe I was sent with them to Cape ann, to pull downe the said house for Mr. Endecott's use, the which wee did, and the same yeare wee came ouer according to my best remembrance it was that wee tooke a further possession; on the north side of Salem ferrye, comonly caled Cape an side, by cutting thatch for our houses, and soone after laifle out lotts for tillage land on the said Cape an side and cjuickly after sundrye houses were built on the said Cape an side and I myselfe have lived there, now for about forty yeares, and I with sundry others have beene subduing the wilderness and improving the fields and commons there, as a part of Salem" etc.

that the house of Governor Endecott in Salem stood at the corner of what now is Washington (then Court) and Church streets, and that Zerubbabel Endecott, son of the governor, sold the land to Daniel Eppes, and the region thereabouts was long known as Endicott's field. The governor himself was a large landholder in different parts of New England ; the first grant ever made in the interior of New Hampshire was that of five hundred acres to him of the finest interval land on the Merrimac in Concord. His farm in Salem remained in possession of his descendants more than two centuries.

Governor Endecott has frec|uently been represented as "rude and uncultivated, inexperienced in the passions of men and untouched by any of the finer feelings and sympathies of our nature." Stern, inflexible and uncom- ])romising. jjarticularly towards those who dift'ered with, him in religious matters, his great firmness and decision have often been misconstrued into "grovelling wilfulness and unbending obstinacy." That he was a man of good intellectual endowments and mental culture, and that he possessed a fearless and indel)endent s])irit which well fitted him for the various duties he was called upon to perform, is very certain. But his highest claim to distinction rests ui)on the fact that he was a successful leader of the Pilgrims or Puritans, and his name is so closely associated with the first settlement of the country, and with whose early history his own is so closely interwoven, that the learned and reverend Dr. Bentley, of Salem, in a letter to the elder Adams, says, "above all others he deserves the name of The Eather of New England." (Moore, in his "Lives of the Governors," etc.)

The first wife of Governor John Endecott was Anna Gouer, who accompanied him to New England in 1628, and who died childless in 1629. He married, second, August 17, 1630, Elizabeth Gibson, of Cambridge, England, who bore him two children: i. John, born about 1632 ; 2. Zerubbabel, born in 1635. "The i^roperty of Gov. Endecott's widow not being sufficient for her support, the general court in 1671 granted her an annuity of 30 ])oimds during her widowhood. This was an indication of the public respect both for her and her deceased husband." (Felt's "Annals of Salem.")

(H) John Endecott, elder son of Governor John Endecott and Elizabeth Gibson, his second wife, was born in Salem about 1632, and died in Boston in 1667. leaving no children.

He went to Boston with his father in 1644, and was admitted freeman there in 1655. In the year last mentioned he married EUzaheth, daughter of Jeremiah Howchins (sometimes written Houchin). She survived him, and married for her second husband Rev. James Allen, pastor at one time of the First Church in Boston.