Boston City (part 57 of 67)

She has been a prominent figure in the club movement among women, and a leader in various organizations. She is a member of the New England Woman's Club, and was an officer of the General Federation of Woman's Clubs (first auditor); vice-president of the Woman's National Press Association ; also was ])resident of the New England Press Association, 1906-7. She is an active member of various charitable and literary clubs of Salem, of the Unity Art Club of Boston, of the Authors' Society of London, the founder and first president of the Thought and Work Club of Salem. Children: i. Arthur Tannatt, born at Minneapolis, January 9. 1859; died at Chicago, February 7, 1893; companion Military Order of the Loyal Legion by virtue of his father's service; admitted February 6, 1892. to Commandery of State of Missouri, and transferred to Illinois Commandery, November 21, 1892 ; married, September 2, 1884. Harriet Scott De Krafft, who survives him ; no children. Arthur Tannatt Woods was educated in the public schools of Salem, Massachusetts : entered U. S. navy, 1876, and was graduated from the Naval Academy at Annapolis in 1880 as cadet engineer; promoted to assistant engineer 1882; served in Bureau of Steam Engineering at Washington, 1882-83; professor of mechanical engineering, L^niversity of Illinois, 1887-91 ; professor of dynamic engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, 1891-92; associate .editor Railroad Gasettc, Chicago, Illinois, September, 1892, to February, 1893. Author of a book on mechanism, a book on compound locomotives, and various papers and articles on mechanical engineering in magazines devoted to that subject. In 1890 received degree of Master of Mechanical Engineering from Cornell University. 2. Harry, died in infancy. 3. Katie, died in infancy. 4. Samuel, died in infancy. 5. Prince Tannatt, mentioned below.

(Vni) Dr. Prince Tannatt Woods, son of George Henry Woods, was born in Omaha, Nebraska, August 9, 1870. He removed to Salem with his parents when he was a year old. He attended the public schools of Salem, Massachusetts, and Proctor's Academy, Andover. New Hampshire. He began to learn the printing trade in the ofifice of Blair & Hallett, Boston, and left that office to become a reporter on the Boston Globe, and was police and fire reporter on this newspaper from 1886 to 1890. He decided then to study medicine, and entered the Boston University School of Medicine, where he was graduated in 1894 as M. B. and in 1895 ^s M. D. For six months prior and six months after graduation he was resident physician of the Homoeopathic Dispensary at Roxbury, 1894-5. He began to practice his profession at Salem, Massachusetts, in September, 1895, and has enjoyed an extensive practice in the towns of Salem, Beverly, Wenham, Middleton and vicinity. He resides at present at Grenewold, 97 Maple street, Middleton, Massachusetts, an attractive country home.

Dr. Woods has a national reputation as a writer of popular and semi-scientific articles and books on poultry, and as a lecturer on this subject. He has edited several books on poultry and kindred subjects and is associate editor of specialty agricultural journals, including the Reliable Poultry Journal, of Ouincy, Illinois. He has also written a number of short stories, published in magazines and newspapers. He is a member of the Massachusetts Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion by virtue of his father's service. In politics he is a Republican, and he is a member of the school committee of Middleton, elected first in 1907. He is a member of the Essex County Homoeopathic Society; of the Alumni Association of Boston University School of Medicine; the American Health League; of the American Poultry Association, and one of its lecturers. He prepared the advertising and catalogues for the Cyphers Incubator Company of Buffalo from 1902 to 1908. He is honorary member of the Essex County Poultry Association.

He married, at Colora, Maryland, September 4, 1895, Helen Eunice Tyson, born June 17, 1876, daughter of Samuel and Jane (Janney) Tyson, of Colora, now Rising Sun, Maryland. Her father was the son of Thomas and Dorothy (Tyson) Tyson, and grandson of Nathan and Catherine (Jones) Tyson. Dorothy was daughter of John and Sallie (Oglebee) Tyson. Jane (Janney) Tyson was daughter of Thomas and Rachel M. (Blake) Janney; granddaughter of Thomas and Mary (Mac\'ey) Janney; Rachel M. Blake was daughter of Solomon and Mary (Ewing) Blake. All of the family mentioned lived in Cecil county, Maryland. Samuel Tyson is a descendant of Raynor Tyson, one of the first settlers of Maryland. Raynor Tyson was a Quaker who came to this country with William Penn. His descendants have done much in the building up of southeastern Pennsylvania and Maryland. Children of Dr. Prince T. and Helen T. Woods: i. Richard George, born at Salem, August 14, 1898 ; killed by railroad train, April 28, 1906. 2. Robert Prince, born at Buffalo, New York, November 6, 1903. 3. Dorothy. Tyson, born at Middleton, Massachusetts, July 23, 1907.

(II) John Wright, son of John Wright, was born in 1630. He lived in Chelmsford for a time, but returned to Woburn. His will was dated May 24, 1701, proved 1704. He married, May 10, 1661, Abigail Warren, died April 6, 1726, aged eighty-four, daughter of Arthur Warren, of Weymouth. Children: i. John, born 1662. 2. Joseph, October 14, 1663. 3. Ebenezer, 1665. 4. Josiah, mentioned below. 5. Ruth, married Jonathan Butterfield ; died January 11, 1754. aged eighty. 6. Priscilla, born 1671, married, March 7, 1707, Samuel

Damon, of Charlestown. 7. Deborah, married, February 17, 1701-02, Nathaniel Patten, of Cambridge; died March 9, 1716, aged thirtyeight. 8. Lydia, married, November 11, 1724, Giles Roberts.

(IV) Captain Joshua Wright, son of Josiah Wright, born May, 1716, died August 5, 1776. He was a soldier in the French war and captain of the Hollis company of militia before the revolution. He settled in Hollis, New Hampshire, and was selectman in 1749, 1769. In 1775 he paid the second largest tax in Hollis. He married, March 6, 1739, Abigail Richardson. Children: I. Joshua, born January I, 1 741. 2. Esther, born November 6, 1742, married, December 20, 1764, John .Shed, of Pepperell. 3. Abigail, born November 10, 1744. 4. Abijah, born August 15, 1746. 5. Lemuel, born December 30, 1748, died young. 6. Ruth, born February 13, 175 1. 7. Lemuel, born December 30, 1752, married Mary G. Johnson ; served in the revolution ; died May 13' ^^33- 8. L'riah, born December 8, 1754, mentioned below. 9. Timothy, born September 8, 175'^. 10. Libbie, born February 13, 1759. II. Susaimah, born November 5, 1761, married, .August 2^, '^77^< Ensign William Wood, of Hollis, and had fourteen children (see Hollis History). 12. Sarah, born May 6, 1763, married Eliphalet Brown; died January 4, 1841 ; he died aged seventy-nine, and was a soldier in the revolution.

(V) L^riah Wright, son of Captain Joshua \^'right, was born December 8. 1754. He removed from Hollis to Beverly, Massachusetts. Lie was a soldier in the revolution. He married, June 15, 1780, Eunice Jewett, born September 4, 1761, died August 21, 1797, daughter of James and Margaret Jewett. Her father was in the revolution. (See sketch of Jewett family herewith). Children: I.Uriah, born June 3, 1781. 2. Eunice, born March 19' ^7^3^ married Ephraim W'oods. (See

JEWETT Bradford, in the W^est Riding of Yorkshire, England. He was a clothier. He married Mary Taylor and died in 1614-15. Children: i. William, baptized September 15, 1605. 2. Maximilian, baptized October 4, 1607, mentioned below. 3. Joseph, baptized December 31, 1609, went to England. 4. Mary. Perhaps others.

(II) Maximilian Jewett, son of Edward Jewett, was baptized in Bradford, England, October 4, 1607, and was the immigrant ancestor of this branch of the family in America. He settled in liradford, Massachusetts, and was one of the first deacons of the church, chosen in 1639, and served until his death. He was one of the leading men of the town, and was town clerk from 1642 to 1655. He

( HI) Ezekiel Jewett, son of Maximilian Jewett, born January 5, 1643-44 died September 2, 1723. He was chosen deacon to succeed his father in 1686. His gravestone is in the Howley graveyard. Fie married Faith I'arrot, daughter of Francis Parrot. Children : I. h'rancis, born March 15, 1664, mentioned below. 2. Thomas, born September 20, 1666. 3. Ezekiel, born July 24, 1668, died young. 4. Ezekiel, born October 2t^. 1669, lost in the expedition to Canada. 5. Ala.ximilian, born February 5, 1671-72. 6. Ann, born September 29, 1673. 7. Sarah, born November 24, 1675. 8. Elizabeth, born March 29, 1678. 9. Nathaniel, born February 12, 1681-82. 10. Stephen, born February 23, 1682-83.

(IV) Francis Jewett, son of Ezekiel Jewett, was born March 15, 1664. His stone is standing in Groveland cemetery. Children: i. Samuel, born April 26, 1694, mentioned below. 2. James, born April 16, 1696, died young. 3. Mary, born October 20, 1706. 4. Sarah, born October 5, 1708. 5. Nathaniel,

(V) Samuel Jevvett, son of Francis Jewett, was born April 26, 1694. He resided in Bradford and married Ruth Hardy. Children: i. Eydia, born August 14, 17 19, married John Boynton, Jr. 2. Jacob, born April 10, 172 1, died young. 3. James, born August 6. 1722, who married LViah Wright. (See sketch of Wright family herewith ) . 4. Ruth, born May 7. 1723, married Deacon John Boynton. 5. Samuel, born December 30, 1725, married Sarah Hardy. 6. Jacob, born August 7. 1727, died young. 7. Sarah, born January 25, 1728, died young. 8. Mehitable, born December 5, 1730, married Peter Wheeler. 9. Jacob, born July 24, 1732, died young. 10. Ezekiel, born May 28, 1736, married (first), Lucy Townsend ; (second) - - - - . n. Sarah, born June 10, 1738, married Edward Hardy. 12. Esther, born June 30, 1740.

in New England in the ancient town of Ipswich, about 1675, and came from England, although some of the most reliable authorities on the derivation of our English patronymics have traced it to a Celtic origin. (I) It is recorded in American colonial history that the immigrant ancestor of this branch of the Farley family was Michael Farley, who with sons Michael and Mesheck entered the plantation at Ipswich and were made welcome there. In 1683 the elder Michael was licensed to sell liquors by the quart and gallon, and in 1684 his license w^as renewed for another year. From this it will be seen that he was a man of good report. He had a grant of land from the town, and this he bestowed upon his son Mesheck in contemplation of his marriage with Sarah, daughter of Lieutenant Thomas Burnham. His sons were orderly young men and devout in their religious duties, as may be inferred by their united petition to the town, through their father, asking for a grant of "eight or ten rods of ground for to build a small dwelling upon where we may be neare to attend ye towne service, near the end of John Saft'ord's orchard. * * * If you see not good to bestow it freely on your servant for his son : I will pay ten shillings per rod within a twelve month." The petition was granted and the land was "bestowed freely." Michael Farley, the father.

died June 15, 1700, his wife surviving him about thirty-six years, dying December 12, 1736, aged seventy-two years. She is believed to have been his second wife, and neither her name nor the name of his first wife is now known. He had two children, both born of his first marriage. He and his two sons started the first woolen mill in this country.

(II) Michael Farley, elder son of Michael Farley, born in England, about 1654, died in Ipswich, Massachusetts, 1736. In 1708 he married Mary Woodbury, of Beverly. She died in 1712, without children, and he married second, April 15, 1724, Hannah Emerson, who bore him three children, Jane, Hannah and Nathaniel. His second wife was much younger than himself, and it appears from the town records that he was not wholly free from the troubles that occasionally affect the domestic contentment of old men who marry young wives, for he caused a memorandum to be recorded in the town clerk's office declaring that "he allowed no body but his wife to sit in the pew granted to him" and James Burnham, "& as for his wifes Bros and sisters he had never given them leave to sit in the said pew% nor never should, nor any of their relations, but forbid them all." After his death his widow married Abel Huss, Jr., of Newbury.

(II) Mesheck Farley, younger son of Michael Farley the immigrant, born in England. 1663, died in Ipswich, Massachusetts, August 15, 1689. The inventory of his estate, dated December 23, 1696, amounted to one hundred sixty-four pounds eight shillings two pence. The house and homestead lands were appraised at sixty pounds. He married, August 6, 1684, Sarah, daughter of Lieutenant Thomas Burnham. She was born June 28, 1664. Children: i. Mesheck, born June i, 1685. 2. Michael, born August 2, 1686. 3. Jane, died March 6, 1692.

(III) Michael Farley, second son and child of Mesheck and Sarah (Burnham) Farley, born in Ipswich, August 2, 1686, died May 9, 1757. In his will he calls himself "cordwayner," and bequeaths to his son John one-half of his outlands, and one-half of his household goods "and leather, and shoes, and tools, and cattle," and the other half of his leather to his son Michael. He married, April 12, 17 16, Elizabeth Baker, born September 16. 1693, died February 26, 1745. daughter of Captain Thomas and Priscilla Baker, of Topsfield, Massachusetts, and granddaughter of John Baker, of Topsfield, whose wife was Kath- erine Perkins. John Baker owned a house and land in Ipswich as early as 1638, and appears to have been a man of large property. He was one of the principal subscribers to the compensation of Major Denison in 1648. He died in 1710. Michael and Elizabeth Farley left sons Michael and John, and a daughter Jane, married Samuel Heard.

(IV) General ^Michael Farley, son of ^Michael and Elizabeth ( Baker) Farley, born in Ipswich, April 24, 1720, died June 20, 1789. He was a tanner, and carried on an extensive business, although much of his time during the more mature years of his life was given to public service, in both civil and military affairs. He held a number of unimportant town ofifices, and was town treasurer of Ipswich for many years, feoffee of the grammar school, and representative of Ipswich to the general court of Massachusetts nine years, 1766-74. He was chosen member of the provincial congress 1774-75, and from the latter year to 1779 was again representative to the general court. He also filled the office of high sheriff of Essex county, and was first brigadier-general and afterward major-general of the state militia. As a patriot of the revolution, General Farley rendered great service to Massachusetts and the continental government by his successful efforts in raising men for the army and equipping them with clothes, arms and provisions. Three of his own sons entered the army and each one did a soldier's full duty. Plis wife was no less loyal and selfsacrificing than her husband in behalf of the cause for which the colonies were contending, and when one of her young sons, then a boy of sixteen years, was making pre])arations to join the army, she herself assisted him and sent him on his journey with her blessing and the maternal injunction like a man," and he did as she told him. On one occasion, says a contemporary writer, when a regiment of men was expecting to meet the enemy in battle, this same patriotic woman wdth her own hands filled each man's powder horn with powder which was stored in the garret of her house. \\'hen General Lafayette arrived in America to offer his assistance to the colonies during the revolution, he was received by General Farley as the guest of his house, and in 1824. when the same brave officer again visited the United States as the nation's guest, he came to Ipswich and made a brief address in which he referred to his former visit and related an incident of his first meeting there

General Farley died in Ipswich, June 20, 1789. He married, December 21, 1745, Elizabeth Choate, born September 29, 1726, died July 6. 1795, daughter of Robert Choate, born April 27, 1691, died September 27, 1763, and Eunice Perkins, born in Ipswich, March 14, I79i,_died November 23, 1755. Robert Choate was son of John Choate, born in Chebacco parish, Ipswich, June 15, 1661, died July 17, 1733, and Mrs. Elizabeth Giddings, his second wife, widow of Thomas Giddings. John Choate was son of John Choate, baptized June 6, 1624, died December 4. 1695, and his wife Anne, born 1637, died February 16, 1727. John Choate, last mentioned, ba])tized in Groton, Boxford, Colchester, England, June 6, 1624, came to this country in 1643. General Michael and Elizabeth (Choate) Farley had twelve children: i. John, baptized October 5, 1746, died October 20, 1812; married about 1770, Sarah Dennis. 2. Ebenezer, ba])tized November 2"], 1748. 3. Elizal)eth, baptized January 24, 1750, died September 28, 1769. 4. Michael, ba])tized December 3, 1752; was an officer in revolutionary army ; afterward went south and died there. 5. Jabez, baptized October 13, 1754; see forward. 6. Eunice, born October 26, 1756, died May 11, 1809; married (pub.) June 22, 1776, Dr. Elisha Whitney. 7. Robert, baptized February 4, 1759, died in infancy. 8. Robert, baptized April 27, 1760, died July 20, 1823 ; married November 30, 1780. Susanna Kendall; during Shay's rebellion was aide on General Sheridan's staff ; afterward became colonel in regular army. Lucy, daughter of Colonel Robert and Susanna (Kendall) Farley, married, first. William Dodge, and second, March 26, 1834, Abraham Hammatt, scholar and genealogist, author of "The Hammatt Paters, Ispwich, Mass.," a work which has always been regarded standard authority. 9. Susanna, baptized January 17, 1762, died in infancy. 10. Susanna, born in February. 1764, died about 1799: married December 14. 1786, Captain \Villiam Burleigh, of Boston. 11. Thomas, bom February 21. 1766, died about i8ro; was a physician ; settled in Marietta, Ohio, remained there until about 1790, then returned to Ipswich. 12. Sarah, born July 16. 1769; married December 9, 1792. James Phillips.

died there April 5, 1836. He was a tanner and mill owner, and possessed a fair estate in lands. He is best remembered, however, as a soldier and officer of the revolution, and his military service in that eventful contest for independence may be briefly stated as follows : Sergeant, Captain Wade's company volunteers. Colonel John Baker's Third Essex county regiment, muster roll, April 17, 1775; also Captain Wade's company of minute-men that marched on alarm of April 19, 1775, to Mystic ; April 20, ordered to Salem ; 21 to Ipswich, and then to headquarters at Cambridge ; service to May 10, 1775, three weeks; also Captain Wade's company that marched to Cambridge, company return dated June 5, 1775 ; also Captain Wade's company, Colonel Little's 17th regiment, muster roll August i, 1775; enlisted May 10, 1775, served eleven weeks five days, also company return, October, 1775; order for bounty coat or equivalent in money, December 21, 1775; commissioned second lieutenant. Captain Robert Dodge's company, list dated Ipswich, April 30, 1777, of officers appointed to command men drafted from Brigadier General Farley's Essex county brigade, agreeable to resolve of April 11, 1777, and ordered to march to Rhode Island to reinforce General Spencer's army ; second lieutenant, Captain Robert Dodge's company, Colonel Jonathan Titcomb's regiment ; marched from Ipswich, April 25, 1777, service two months eight days ; second lieutenant Captain Daniel Rogers' company, Third Essex county regiment' Massachusetts militia ; commissioned adjutant April 14, 1778; adjutant Colonel Wade's regiment raised for defence of Massachusetts; discharged January 14, 1779, service eight months twenty days; adjutant same regiment September 17, October 14, and November 6, 1778; certificate dated Ipswich, January 18, 1779, signed by Colonel Nathaniel Wade, stating that Jabez Farley served in Captain Simeon Brown's company. Colonel Wade's regiment, at Providence, Rhode Island, until January i, 1779, to the credit of the town of Ipswich, agreeable to resolve of general court of June 10, 1778.

On September 8, 1780, Jabez Farley married Lucy Rogers, born March 18, 1759, died July 24, 1788, twin with Nathaniel Rogers, children of Rev. Nathaniel Rogers by his second wife, Mary Burnham, widow of Daniel Staniford, Esq., of Ipswich. Rev. Nathaniel Rogers married first, Mary, daughter of President Leverett, of Harvard College, and by her had eight children (see Rogers family).

(VI) Nathaniel Rogers Farley, son of Jabez and Lucy (Rogers) Farley, born February 3, 1784, died August 15, 1857. He married Sarah Pearson, September 25, 1810. Children: I. Lucy Rogers, born April 10, 1812, died 1894. 2. Nathaniel Rogers, born in Rowley, September 2, 1814, see forward. 3. Sarah, born in Rowley, 181 7, died 1878.

(VII) Nathaniel Rogers Farley, son of Nathaniel Rogers and Sarah (Pearson) Farley, born in Ipswich, September 2, 1814, died May 22, 1897. Like his father and others of his ancestors, he was a prominent man in the town and served the people in various capacities. He was selectman more than twenty years, and also represented the town in the general court. He married, November 15, 1849, Emeline Caldwell, born September 17, 1826, died June 28, 1905. Children: i. Emeline Caldwell, born October 13, 1850, died August 19, 1907. 2. Lucy Rogers, born November 14, 1852. 3. George Edward, born October 22, 1855; see forward. 4. Nathaniel, Rogers, born May 7, 1857, died January 31, 1876. 5. Sylvanus Caldwell, born August 21, 1862; his home is in Alton, Illinois. He married, October 18, 1892, Harriet W. Hathaway, of Alton, Illinois; children: Nathaniel Rogers Farley, born April 25, 1896; Harriet Louise Farley, born December 25, 1900, died October 23, 1901.

(VIII) George Edward Farley, eldest son and third child of Nathaniel R. and Emeline (Caldwell) Farley, was born in Ipswich, Massachusetts, October 22, 1855, and for the last more than twenty-five years has been identified with the civil and business history of that town. He is one of the feofifees of the Ipswich grammar school, which latter office was likewise held by his distinguished greatgreat-grandfather. General Farley, more than a century and a quarter ago, and in 1907 he was elected treasurer of the Ipswich Savings Bank. On January 24, 1889, he married Emeline F., daughter of Theodore F. and Hannah B. Cogswell, and by whom he has one child, Theodore Rogers Farle3^ born in Ipswich, November 22, 1894.

There, in the presence of Rochester, comptroller of the queen's household. Sir Richard Southwell, both of the sheriffs and a great concourse of people, the fire was put on him; and when it had taken hold of his legs and shoulders, like one feeling no smart, he washed his hands in the flame, as in cold water, and lifting them toward heaven, until entirely consumed by the devouring fire, most mildly this happy martyr yielded his spirit into the hands of his Heavenly Father. He was the first of all that blessed company which suffered in Queen Mary's time, and styled the Proto- Martyr."" Such was the fate of the Rev. John Rogers, the English ancestor of an immigrant grandson who founded one of the prominent old colonial families of New England - a family of noted men, devout men, many of them ministers of the gospel in one generation succeeding another until their names were heralded throughout the new world even as their English forbears had brought honor and dignity upon their house in the old world in the time of the martyr.

(I) It is written in history that John Rogers - Proto-Martyr - was born in Lancashire. England, was educated at the University of Cambridge, and while a young man went to Antwerp in Brabant and served many years as chaplain to the English merchant adventurers ; that ultimately he came to a profound knowledge of the gospel, renounced popery, and assisted in the translation of the bible into English, which led to the printing in England in 1537 of the folio bible, being the first complete edition of both the old and the new testaments ; that his renunciation of all which savored of popery led to his persecution and imprisonment, the shallow mockery of a trial before a tribunal of his accusers, his condemnation and his death at the stake. The life and death of John Rogers marked the beginning of a new era in the religious world, and especially in the history of the christian church ; and there was that in the works he wrought, that in his splendid character and noble end, which has left its impress alike on those who have borne his name and all others within the influence of the Protestant church universal.

The researches of genealogists disclose that he had three sons, the baptismal names of two of whom are known, while the name of the other is not known, although of his paternity there is no shadow of doubt. The first son was Daniel Rogers, the second Rev. Richard Rogers, and the third, unknown so far as relates to his baptismal name, was he from whom descends the particular branch of the Rogers family proposed to be treated in this place.

(H) "A son of the Proto-^lartyr," says a genealogical account written by one of his descendants, said to have died young and whose name is now unknown, was father of the Rev. John Rogers, of Dedham, Essex, England, and brother of Rev. Richard Rogers of Wethersfield, Essex.

(HI) Rev. John Rogers, grandson of the Proto-Martyr, was educated in the University of Cambridge, and for many years was a famous preacher at Dedham. Having lost his parents when he was quite young, he was encouraged in his studies by his uncle, the Rev. Richard, who also supported him while in the university. In 1592 he became vicar of Hemingham, Norfolk, continued there some time, later was minister of Haverhill, Suffolk, whence he removed to Dedham, Essex, and there passed the remaining years of his life. He was a thorough Puritan, and while always humble and peaceable in speech and behavior,' he refused conformity to the tyrannical imj)ositions of Bishop Laud, and in consequence in 1629 his lecture was suppressed. He died in 1636, and was buried at Dedham, Essex, where there still stands over his grave one of the most striking monuments in that ancient burial-ground. The name of his first wife is not known; he married second, Elizabeth (Jold, widow of John Hawes; third wife, Dorothy Stanton, widow of Richard Wiseman, of Wigborough, Essex.

(IV) Rev. Nathaniel Rogers, son of Rev. John and Elizabeth (Gold) Rogers, was born about 1598, while his father was settled at Haverhill. He was educated in the grammar school at Dedham, and entered Emanuel College, Cambridge, when about fourteen years old. There he acquired an academic education and fitted himself for the gospel ministry; and his first sermon was preached at Sproughton, Norfolk, in 16 19. Soon afterward he engaged as chaplain to a person of quality, and still later took charge of a large congregation at Bocking in Essex, under Dr. Barkham, to the great surprise of many persons that the son of "the most noted Puritan in England" should be employed by an Episcopal divine so high in favor with Bishop Laud ; but Barkham, himself a good preacher, was willing to gratify the religious predelictions of his parishioners, especially as Mr. Rogers did at least three quarters of the parish work for the pit- tance of less than one-tenth part of its revenue. At length, a resolution of the hierarchy decreed that all ministers who would not conform to the impositions of that body should be silenced ; but before that could be done, Mr. Rogers, perceiving the approaching storm, resigned his place and resolved to emigrate to New England. His father-in-law, a gentleman of Coggeshall in Essex, a man of considerable estate, would have preferred that he remain in England, but seeing that he was determined to continue his ministerial work in the new world, made no strong opposition to his departure from a field which was full of obstacles. Mr. Rogers was by no means fitted to encounter the hardships of the voyage, but with his wife and young family sailed from Gravesend for Boston, arriving there in November, 1636, after a voyage of weeks, the passengers having been compelled to maintain themselves on a daily allowance of half a pint of water and an equally meagre allowance of provisions. He was first requested to settle in Dorchester, where dwelt some of his father's English parishioners, but he decided to go to Ipswich, where he had been invited to take the place about to be vacated by the resignation of Rev. Nathaniel Wade, whose health was much broken. He became minister at Ipswich, February 20, 1638, and soon rose to the prominence of being one of the greatest preachers in New England ; indeed, he is said by various writers to have been "the very chiefest of them all." He remained spiritual head of the church in Ipswich until 1655, when on July 3 his work on earth was ended with the last words, "my times are in thy hands." He is known to have kept a diary, which was burned at his own request, but several of his letters were printed, also a manuscript (written in neat Latin, of which he was master) entitled "A Vindication of the Congregational Church Government." His will proved September 26, 1645, was written by Mr. Cheever, first master of the grammar school in Ipswich. His wife Margaret was daughter of Robert Crane, of Coggeshall, Essex, England, by his first wife Mary, daughter of Samuel Sparhawk, Esq., of Dedham, Essex. Rev. Nathaniel and Margaret (Crane) Rogers had children: i. Rev. Dr. John, born at Coggeshall, England, January (nth mo.) 1630 (see post). 2. Nathaniel, born at Assington, Suffolk, England, September 30, 1632, died June T4, 1680; he came with his father to Ipswich, Massachusetts, and is mentioned as "a trooper aeainst the Indians." It is believed that he never married, as he gave his property by verbal will to his nephew John. 3. Samuel, born at Assington, England, January 16, 1634, died in Ipswich, December 21, 1693; was town clerk of Ipswich 1653; married, JDecember 12, 1657, Judith Appleton, died in July 1659, daughter of Samuel Appleton and Mary Everard (or Everett). Samuel Appleton was born in Little Waldingfield, England, 1586, and was of Ipswich, Massachusetts, 1635. Mr. Rogers married second, November 13, 1661, Sarah, daughter of Jonathan Wade, of Ipswich. 4. Timothy, born probably in [pswich, Massachusetts ; was a merchant of Boston, November, 1668. 5. Ezekiel, born probably in Ipswich, Massachusetts ; married Margaret, widow of Thomas Scolt, of Ipswich, sister of Rev. William Hubbard, who graduated from Harvard College 1659, and died July 5, 1674. 6. Margaret, born probably in Ipswich ; married Rev. William Hubbard, of Ipswich, born in England, 1621, came to New England 1630, son of William Hubbard of Ipswich and Boston, "a learned man, being well read in state matters, of a very affable and humble behavior, though he be slow in speech, yet is he downright for the businesse."

(VI) Rev. Dr. John Rogers, eldest child of Rev. Nathaniel and Margaret (Crane) Rogers, born at Coggeshall, Essex, England, January (nth mo.) 1630, died July 2, 1684. He came to New England with his father's family 1636, soon afterward entered Harvard College, taking courses in physic and divinity at the same time, and graduated in 1649. He afterward assisted his father in his parish, also Mr. Cobbet and Mr. Hubbard, ministers of Ipswich, taking principal charge of the Thursday lecture, while they atttended to other church and parish duties. His salary, which the town voted until 1681, was much less than theirs for the reason that they were expected to perform the more important work of the ministry, while he was considerably occupied in attending the sick, being the principal physician of the town. In June, 1676, Dr. Rogers was unanimously elected president of Harvard College, which office he declined, but in April 1682, after the death of President Oakes, his former classmate, he was again elected and was installed in that office August 12, 1683. His period of service was brief, for he died the day following the next annual commencement. In speaking of him and his personal qualities one commentator has said, "So sweet was his disposition that the title of dcJiciac hurnani generis might have been given him;

The wife of Rev. Dr. Rogers was Elizabeth Denison, who died in Ipswich, Massachusetts, June 13, 1723, aged eighty-two years, only daughter of Major General Daniel Denison, of Ipswich, whose wife was Patience, daughter of Governor Thomas Dudley and sister of Governor Joseph Dudley, of Massachusetts. Governor Thomas Dudley was a son of Captain Roger Dudley. General Denison was son of William Denison, of Roxbury, and came from England as early as 1633, when he was of Cambridge, freeman 1634, where he received from the general court a grant of two hundred acres of land on the east side of the Charles river. He removed to Ipswich and had a grant of land there 1635. He became a person of great civil and military distinction ; captain of the Ipswich trainband, 1637: member of committee "to put the country in a posture of defence," 1643; 'major of Essex and Norfolk counties militia, 1644; military leader of Ipswich with a salary of twenty-four pounds seven shillings. 1646 ; commissioner to treat with D'Aulnay at Penobscot ; member of Ancient and Honorable Artillary, 1652, and in the absence of Major General Robert Sedgwick held command of all the troops in the colony; chosen major general by general court 1653, and held that commission at different periods for ten years, until 1680; represented I]xswich in the general court several years ; speaker of the house. 1649 and 1652; secretary of the colony, 1653, in the absence of Rawson ; justice of the quarterly court; reserve commissioner of the united colonies, 1654 to 1662; assistant, 1664 to 1682, the year of his death.

Rev. Dr. John and Elizabeth (Denison) Rogers, had children, all born in Ipswich: i. Elizabeth, born February 3, 1661, died Ipswich. March 13, 1754; married November 23, 1681, John Appleton. of Ipswich, born Little Waldin;[jfield, England, 1622, son of Captain John Appleton, and grandson of Samuel Appleton who came to New England 1635. John Appleton, first mentioned, died in Ipswich, September 11, 1739. He was member of council many years, colonel of militia, justice of sessions, court of common pleas, and for twenty years was judge of probate for Essex county. 2. Margaret, born February 18, 1664, died June 7, 1720; married first, December 28, 1682, Captain Thomas Berry ; second, November 25, 1697, Rev. John Leverett,

F. R. S., president of Harvard College; graduated there 1680, and soon afterward was appointed tutor. He was chosen representative from Boston in general court; speaker of th^^ house ; member of her majesty's council ; judge of superior court and probate court; commissioner for controlling the army sent against Port Royal ; president of Harvard College, inducted into office January 14, 1708. 3. Rev. John, born July 7, 1666. (see post). 4. Dr. Daniel, born September 25, 1667, died December I, 1722; graduated from Harvard College 1686. and for years afterward was teacher in Ipswich grammar school, and served as justice of court of sessions; became a physician and practiced in connection with other duties ; perished in a violent snow storm on Hampton beach on his way home from court at Salisbury. He married Sarah, daughter of Captain John Appleton of Ipswich. 5. Rev. Nathaniel, born February 22, 1669, died October 3, 1723; graduated from Harvard College 1687; received a call from the church at Salem village, preached there from February i to October i, i68y; ordained minister of First church at Portsmouth. New Hampshire, May 3, 1699; married Sarah, daughter of James Purkess, of Boston, sister of Rev. Ebenezer Purkess. 6. Patience, born 1676, died May 2, 1731 ; married April 15, 1696, Benjamin Marston, merchant of Salem, of which town he was selectman and representative.

(MI) Rev. John Rogers, eldest son and third child of Rev. Dr. John and Elizabeth (Denison) Rogers, born in Ipswich, Massachusetts, July 7, 1666, died of paralysis, December 28, 1745. He graduated from Harvard College 1684, the year in which his father died, and soon afterward was asked to assist, with his cousin. Rev. John Denison, Rev. Mr. Hubbard in the ministry in Ipswich. In October, 1692, he was ordained assistant to Mr. Hubbard, who in 1702 gave his pastoral work into Mr. Rogers' charge. In 1706 he preached the "election" sermon, and in 1743, then seventy-eight years old, wTote an interesting account of a revival in his society. One of his biographers says "such was the strength of his mind, the amount of his acquisitions in learning and theology, the prominence of his piety and persevering labors of his ministry, that he held a high rank in the estimation of his people and the public." During the later years of his pastoral labors, latter part of 1703 to 1724, he had the services of an assistant. Rev. Jabcz Fitch, but afterward and until his death his work was done entirely by himself and his son. Rev. Nathaniel Rogers. He married, March 4, 169 1, Martha Whittingham, died March 9, 1759, aged eighty-nine years, daughter of William Whittingham, whose wife was a daughter of John Lawrence of Ipswich, and William Whittingham was a son of John Whittingham, who came to Ipswich with his mother from Lincolnshire, England, in 1637-8, and in the same year became a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company. John Whittingham was son and heir of Baruch Whittingham, of Southerton, near Boston, Lincolnshire, England, principal builder of the church there, and who intended coming to New England, but died. He was the only son of William Whittingham, Puritan, who in the reign of Queen Mary fled from England to the continent for conscience sake, leaving behind an estate of eleven hundred pounds sterling per annum, and became pastor of the church in Geneva, the first Congregational church in modern times. In Geneva he married Katherine, sister of John Calvin, the reformer. William Whittingham was a son of William Whittingham, gentleman, of Holmside, Cheshire, by his wife, daughter of Haughton of Haughton Tower, and William last mentioned was a son of W^illiam Whittingham of Over, whose father was Seth Whittingham of Sanlow in Cheshire.

Rev. John and Martha (Whittingham) Rogers had children: i. Rev. John of Kittery, Maine, date of birth unknown, died 1773, aged eighty-one years ; graduated from Harvard College, 171 1 ; married October 16, 1718, Susannah, youngest daughter of Major John Whipple, of Ipswich. She died October 22, 1779. 2. Martha, born November 2, 1694, died August 25, 1727; married June 24, 1714, Dr. Thomas Berry, born Boston ; graduated Harvard College 1712, studied medicine with Dr. Greaves, and became an eminent physician. 3. Mary, born Ipswich, died October 18, 1725; married John Wise of Ipswich, son of Rev. John Wise, of Chebacco parish, Ipswich, "a divine of great celebrity." 4. Willam, born June 19, 1699, died July 29, 1749; settled in Annapolis, Maryland. 5. Rev. Nathaniel, born September 22, 1701, (see post). 6. Richard, born December 2, 1703. died November 26, 1742; married Mary, daughter of Francis Crampton, Esq., of Ipswich ; was merchant at Ipswich, represented that town in general court 1730, and was justice of the peace 1740- 41. 7. Elizabeth, born July 20. 1705 ; believed to have died in infancy. 8. Rev. Daniel, born Ipswich July 28, 1707; died 1785; graduated from Harvard College 1725, afterward was tutor there and a fellow of the corporation; ordained minister at York, Maine, 1742; was pastor of Second parish church, Exeter, New Hampshire, 1744 until his death; married Anna, daughter of Rev. Thomas Foxcroft, of Boston. 9. Elizabeth, twin with Rev. Daniel ; married March 14, 1728, Francis Cogswell, merchant of Ipswich, who graduated from Harvard College 1718. 10. Dr. Samuel, born Ipswich, August 31, 1709, died December 21, 1772; graduated from Harvard College 1725; town clerk many years, colonel of militia, register of probate, justice of sessions, and representative to the general court; a skillful physician; married June i, 1735, Hannah, daughter of Major Ammi Ruhami, a prosperous merchant.

(VIII) Rev. Nathaniel Rogers, third son and fifth child of Rev. John and Martha (Whittingham) Rogers, born in Ipswich, September 22, 1701, and died May 10, 1775. He graduated from Harvard College 1721, entered the gospel ministry, and after assisting his father and supplying the place of Rev. Mr. Fitch for more than a year, received a call from the Ipswich church August 16, 1726. This call was confirmed by the parish on condition that he conform to congregational principles as specified in the foundations of the church government. This condition was objected to by his father as being without precedent, but the society held to it as indispensible : the matter was satisfactorily settled, and on October 18, 1727, he was ordained colleague with his father. He eventually succeeded his father as pastor, and continued until his death. May 10, 1775; "being taken away," says his biographer, "when with most of his ministerial brethern his patriotic feelings were sorely tried by the proceedings of the mother country, and when he had deep anxiety as to the results of the revolution in which his countrymen had entered." He possessed a superior intellect and cultivated it in constant literary and theological studies, and when called upon to participate in ecclesiastical councils he always was assigned a prominent part in the proceedings. It was with a deep sense of duty that he took on himself and continued to exercise the office of minister, and when the path of duty lay plainly before him he resolutely pursued it whether accompanied by many or few. As a man and minister he was loved and resnected, and as a preacher he avoided vain philosophy and subtle dispute ; when his heart was most touched there appeared an energy of address rarely met with in his day. To the poor and afflicted he was a son of consolation both in word and deed, and his people all loved him for the goodness and singleness of his heart.

Rev. Nathaniel Rogers married first, December 25 1728, Mary, widow of Colonel John Dcnison, of Ipswich, and daughter of President John Leverett, of Harvard College, born October 29, 1701, died June 25, 1756, having borne him eight children. He married second, April I, 1758, (pub.) Mary, widow of Daniel Staniford, of Ipswich, daughter of Thomas Burnham and wife Margaret Boreman, also of Ipswich. She was baptized July 13, 1 718, and died September 18, 1779. Three chiUlren were born of this marriage. Rev. Nathaniel Rogers had children: i. Margaret, baptized December 14, 1729. died March 27, 175 1 ; married, 1725, Dr. John Calef, of Ipswich, who afterward settled at New Brunswick, and died there 1812. 2. Martha, baptized January 17, 1730, died March 13, 1730.

4. Sarah, baptized October 13, 1734. died December 21, 1772. 5. Elizabeth. ba]:>tized July II, 1736, died July 19, 1765; married Captain Daniel Rogers, goldsmith, of Ipswich. 6. Nathaniel, born January 24, 1737, died September, 1739. 7. Lucy, born January i, 1738, died 1747. 8. Martha, baptized June 14, 1741, died October 27, 1780; married Jacob Treadwell, of Ipswich. 9. Nathaniel, born March 18. 1759, died in infancy. 10. Lucy, twin with Nathaniel, born March 18, 1759; married Lieutenant Jabez Farley, son of General Michael Farley, of Ipswich (see Farley family).

In the memorable fleet which HAWKS sailed from Southampton, England, with seventeen hundred Puritan emigrants under Winthrop, and landed at Salem, Massachusetts, in June, 1630, was Adam Hawks, or Hawkes, who became the progenitor of a numerous branch of the family in America. One of his descendants has recently written of him : "Adam Hawkes, founder of the numerous and respectable family that bears the name throughout the country. was one of the advance guard of hard-headed Englishmen who for liberty of conscience, not loving England less but freedom more, took wife and children and household goods, braved the perils of trackless seas, dared the wiles of savage races in an unknown world, and sowed the seed that has grown the highest civilization the earth has ever known." He was of Charlestown in 1634, but received large grants of land in that part of Lynn now Saugus. He was a farmer, and settled on land where iron ore was found. Soon after his settlement his house was burned, the occupants, a servant and twin infants, escaping. His second house sheltered some of his kindred for two centuries, being taken down in 1872, two hundred years after his death, and on one of the chimney bricks was found the date 1601, probably written in the soft clay when the brick was moulded in England. Adam Hawks married first, Ann Hutchinson, who died December 4, 1669 ; children : Ar'am ; John, born about 1633; Moses; Benjamin; Thomas and Susanna. He married second, June, 1670, Sarah Hooper; child: Sarah, born June i, 1671. As his sons and grandsons grew up, some settled in various parts of New England, others west of the Hudson river and some on Long Island.

(I) David Hawks, direct descendant of Adam Hawks, the Puritan emigrant, through the Long Island branch, settled in Massachusetts, and married, in Tyngsboro. Sarah Colburn, of Dracut ; children: i. Farrington, of whom further. 2. Sarah (or Polly), born March 11, 1771, married John Cummings, of Swanzey, New Hampshire.

(II) Farrington, son of David Hawks (i), was born in Dunstable, Massachusetts, April 21, 1770. He insisted that Hawk was the proper form of the family name, but at the request of his wife added "s" to it. A grandson changed the form to Hawkes, but later eliminated the "e," returning to the form Hawks, adopted by the grandsire. Farrington Hawks married, about 1791, in Amesbury, Massachusetts. Sarah Knowlton ; children: i. Abigail, born May 5. 1792; married Nathan Marshall ; children : Sarah. Katherine. Mary, Joshua Pierce. Betsey B., Esther, Joseph A., Luella, and Farrington ; of these there is only living Esther, residing in Bradford, New Hampshire, aged eighty-six. 2. Colburn ; see forward. 3. Farrington, born June 5, 1796; married Philena Classon Dean ; children : John F.. Sarah E.. Henry A., Edward M., Lorenzo Knowlton. 4. Katherine, born August II, 1798: married. June 7, 1825. Timothy Dowling; children: Elizabeth C, Timothy L., John H., Sarah J., Mary Ann, Abby H., George W., Marshall R. 5. John, born October 26, 1801 ; married Betsey Freeman ; children : Abigail C, and Elhanan \\' inchester, the last named for the great writer. 6. David.

(Ill) Colburn, eldest son and second child of Farrington and Sarah (Knowlton) Hawks, born April 14, 1794, lived a part of his life in Bradford, New Hampshire. He married, March 5, 1826, Clarissa Brown; children: i. John Milton, see forward. 2. Bartlett, born in Bradford, March 3, 1828, died young. 3. Robert Bartlett, born October 16, 1829, died 1897, at Bradford, on old farm where he was born. 4. Helen Maria, born June 26, 1832; married Prescott Colby ; children : i. Jesse P., married Rachel Alberta Gordon ; ii. Belle, married Joseph Currier ; children : Helen, Sadie, and Ralph Prescott, graduate of Dartmouth College, 1908 ; iii. Flora, married Archibald Brown, children Archibald Prescott and John Milton; after death of her husband, Mrs. Colby went to live with her mother on the old farm. 5. Sarah Knowlton, born September 13, 1835 ; unmarried ; resides on Hawks homestead at Bradford. 6. Miner, born January 8, 1845; educated in Bradford schools; at age of seventeen enlisted in Rhode Island cavalry regiment, was wounded and discharged, re-enlisted in 21st Regt. U. S. C. T. as hospital steward, promoted lieutenant and captain Col. Montgomery's 34th Regt. U. S. C. T., and served to end of war; married Dora George; children: i. Ralph; ii. Mertie Clara, married Edgar Preston, of Auburn, New Hampshire ; children : Rhodora, born October 16, 1901 ; Miner, born June 21, 1903; Helen Esther, born September 7, 1907.

(IV) John Milton, M. D., eldest child of Colburn and Clarissa (Brown) Hawks, was born in Bradford, New Hampshire, November 26, 1826. He was educated in the public schools there, and when only fifteen years of age passed the prescribed examination for teacher, and devoted several years to that vocation, working at farming during the summers. He first taught in Warner, New Hampshire, for one term, and then nearly a year near Schenectady, New York. The following two years he taught in Houston county, Georgia, and while so engaged took up the study of medicine, which, upon his return to New Hampshire, he continued under the preceptorship of Dr. George H. Hubbard, of Bradford. Later he took two courses in the

Vermont Medical College at Woodstock, and completed his studies at Cincinnati (Ohio) Medical College, graduating with the degree of M. D. in 1847. Next year he began his professional career in Alanchester, New Hampshire, conducting a drug store in connection with his practice. In December, 1861, the first year of the civil war, he sold his business, laid aside a successful and growing practice, and volunteered his services as physician and surgeon among the "contrabands" (escaped slaves) at and near Edisto Island, South- Carolina, among whom he labored assiduously about four months. While thus employed he was appointed to the staff of Brigadier General Saxton, and placed in charge of the Freedmen's Hospital, and was very largely instrumental in recruiting and examining the 33d of wdiich he was assistyear.

it is of interest to note that Dr. Hawks was among the first to urge emancipation of the slaves and the use of negro troops, anticipating by more than two years the famous Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln. The writer has before him a time-discolored copy of the Manchester (New Hampshire) American, of August 27, 1861, containing a stirring letter from his pen - the first article in a secular newspaper advocating the arming of the blacks - in which he said : "Let us liberate the slaves ; take them into our service and place weapons in their hands .... Let us join the War for the Union and the Constitution, and make it also a War of Emancipation. Let us once more unfurl the Stars and Stripes over all the territory from the Potomac and the Ohio, and from Fort Sumter to the Rio Grande. And when our banner shall again float, in the Southern breeze, the sons of Africa will no longer curse it, for not a slave shall be left shackled beneath its folds."

In April, 1862, before entering the military service. Surgeon Hawks wrote from Edisto Island, South Carolina, to Major General David Hunter, commanding the Department of the South, recommending the enlistment of negroes on the South Sea Islands, reminding him of the splendid service of the negroes in Hayti. under Toussaint, when they charged with wooden pikes upon the French troops. In July following General Hunter organized the first black regiment. But the Washington authorities were not yet prepared for so radical a movement, and the so-called "Hunter Regiment," after a few months service as laborers, was disbanded. A few weeks later, however, the recruiting of negroes began in earnest, and Surgeon Hawks had the great satisfaction of being present when the first escaped slaves were mustered into the United States army as soldiers. This important event in American history occurred October 7, 1862, in front of General Saxton's headquarters in Beaufort, South Carolina, the recruits being Captain William James's Company B. The oath was administered by General Saxton, Military Governor of South Carolina. When the new regiment mustered eight hundred men, encamped at Camp Saxton, near Beaufort, Thomas Wentworth Higginson, then a captain in the 51st Massachusetts Regiment, was appointed colonel on the recommendation of Surgeon Hawks, General Saxon not being previously acfiuainted with Colonel Higginson.

In October, 1863, Dr. Hawks became surgeon, with rank of major, of the 21st Regiment U. S. C. T., performing both hospital and field duty. The last engagement in which he served was at John's Island, South Carolina, February 10, 1865. Later that year he was in charge of the smallpox hospital at Charleston. After the close of hostilities and during the beginning of the reconstruction period he labored efficiently to aid the freedmen in husbanding their means and securing homes. As early as the summer of 1864 hundreds of colored soldiers in the vicinity of l-)eaufort. South Carolina, were trusting their money for safe keeping to individuals - friends not in the service, or their officers. Surgeon Hawks addressed General Saxton, setting forth the urgent need of a savings bank for freedmen, and shortly afterward such an instiutution was organized by that officer. In 1865 Dr. Hawks, now again in civil life, organized and became president of the Florida Land and Lumber Company, a principal object of which was to provide homes and imployment for the emancipated blacks of that section. He was also instrumental in providing homesteads for a portion of five hundred families in and near Port Orange, Florida. He soon afterward secured a tract of land on North Indian river, planted an orange grove, and established Hawks Park, which in later years has been his winter home except during a brief period. He was appointed assistant assessor of internal revenue. Fifth Florida District, in 1870, with headquarters at Pensacola, covering on horseback the entire eight western counties of the state. In 1870-71 he was engrossing clerk in the Florida legislature, and in the latter year printed theFlorida Gazetteer, giving an account of every county in the state, and also printed the first Jacksonville (Florida) directory. In 1887 he printed a work entitled "The East Coast of Florida." He returned north in 1872 and opened a drug store in AUston, Massachusetts, and the following year opened a similar business in Hyde Park. He sold these interests in 1876, returning to Florida, where he passes the winter seasons, making his summer home in Lynn, Massachusetts.

Before the civil war, Dr. Hawks was a strong anti-slavery advocate, and as such appeared on the same platform with William Lloyd (jarrison. in the righteous cause of abolition, and has always devoted his energies to whatever has seemed best for the education and elevation of the colored race, and many of his addresses and pen productions have found publication. He was an original Republican, and stands firm in the faith of that party. For many years he has been prominently identified with the Grand Army of the Republic - first as a comrade of Darling I'ost, Hyde Park, Massachusetts ; later as a charter member and commander of Budd Mather Post, No. 8, of Hawks Park, Florida, organized in 1886. He is author of several monographs on professional topics, especially "Yellow Fever, its Propagation and Prevention," which has appeared in various publications; and his "Genealogical and P»iographical Album," which has passed through several editions. He married. October 5, 1854, Esther Jane Hill, of whom further.

Esther Jane Hill, M. D., wife of Dr. John M. Hawks, was born in Hookset, New Hampshire, August 4, 1833, and died May 6, 1906, at her home in Lynn, Massachusetts, after an illness of a few months. She was fifth of the eight children of Parmcnas and Jane (Kimball) Hill, and granddaughter of John Hill, of Andover. a soldier of the revolution an 1 the war of 1812, and of Jedediah Kimball, also a revolutionary soldier. Her maternal- line of descent is : Richard (i), born in Yarmouth, England; Richard (2), of England, in 1623; Caleb (3) ; John (4), of Wenham, Massachusetts; Joseph (5); John (6); Jedediah (7); and Jane (8), her mother.

She attended the public schools in Hookset, Suncook and Exeter, the high school in Manchester, and the academy in Kingston, New Hampshire, and taught winter schools in East Kingston, Merrimack and Thornton's Ferry, New Hampshire. She married Dr. John M

Hawks, as above mentioned, and the day following started for New York, sailing from there for Tampa, Florida, and spending most of the winter in Manatee, that state, where she taught a private school in a Methodist church. The homeward journey in April and May was by way of New Orleans and the Mississippi river to St. Louis, thence by rail via Indianapolis, Terre Haute, Niagara Falls, etc., and late in June was established in Manchester as a housekeeper and medical student in the office of her husband, visiting his patients, and at times acting as clerk in his drug store. Later she attended lectures at the New England Female Medical College, Boston, and here heard the lectures of that pioneer of women physicians. Dr. Marie Zakrzewska. When she took her degree of M. D. in 1857, the college had already graduated seven classes, so that the struggles of the pioneer women in Medicine (Dr. Blackwell, of New York, and Dr. Zakrewska, of Boston), had already removed and overcome many obstacles, but the way was not yet smooth, and Dr. Hawks had some unpleasant experiences. At her graduation. Dr. Gregory stated that if the college could send out one thousand instead of seven graduates, the demand for educated female physicians would yet be unsupplied. From her graduation until 1862 she practiced in Manchester, this proving a preparation for her real life work which was to follow.

In the autumn of 1862 Dr. Esther Hawks volunteered her services to the New York Freedmen's Aid Society as a teacher for freedmen, and was in the second company of teachers sent out, arriving in Beaufort, South Carolina, in October. Women were not then allowed to visit the Department of the South except in the capacity of teachers, and she was among the first to arrive and enter upon duty there. Her first effort was in the Methodist church, where three hundred men, women and children, in age ranging from three to thirty years, came for instruction. Her next school was made up from the First Regiment South Carolina Colored Volunteers, at Camp Saxton. There had been in Beaufort, since the summer of 1862, a hospital for colored citizens, but none for colored soldiers, and in April, 1863, General Hospital No. 10 was fitted up and opened for the latter, under charge of Surgeon John M. Hawks, and there Dr. Esther Hawks assisted in surgical operations, and nursing the sick ; and at one time, when her husband was absent on detached service, she was for two or three weeks in charge of the hospital, and also of the sick in Colonel Montgomery's Thirty-fourth Regiment, L-. S. C. T., in camp near the town. She was assisted in these duties by her younger brother, Edward O. Hill, acting as hospital steward. In July, 1863, the wounded heroes of the Fiftyfourth Massachusetts, one hundred and twenty-five in number, who had followed the gallent Colonel Shaw in his desperate charge on Fort Wagner, were brought to Beaufort, and cared for by Drs. John M. and Esther H. Hawks. In October, 1863, Dr. John M. Hawks was appointed surgeon of the Third (later Twenty-first) South Carolina Volunteers, located at Hilton Head, an island some miles south of Beaufort. After a few months they accompanied the regiment in February, 1864, to Jacksonville, Florida, whence in a few days an advance was made to Camp Finnegan, eight miles inland. After the disastrous battle at Olustee the regiment returned to Jacksonville, where the Drs. Hawks and other surgeons were busied all night caring for three hundred wounded brought from the battlefield.

On February 29, 1864, Dr. Esther H. Hawks opened a school in Odd Fellows' Hall, Jacksonville, for both white and colored children, and which was perhaps the last mixed school in the state. It opened with thirty white and one colored child ; blacks kept increasing, and the whites kept dropping out, until only one or two whites remained in a school of one hundred. In February, 1865, Charleston, South Carolina, was surrendered to the colored Twenty-first Regiment, commanded by Colonel Bennett, and this event opened a more important field of work for Dr. Esther Hawks. School houses were deserted, and hundreds of residences abandoned or left in charge of negro servants. Then came rushing events, and she was always at the front. She aided Mr. Redpath to furnish an orphan asylum, and assisted in organizing and became principal of the schools in the normal school building, with five hundred pupils and fifteen teachers. The school children, mostly colored, numbered about twenty-five hundred, and at one time Dr. Esther Hawks was general superintendent of the city schools, and while acting in this capacity visited Georgetown, Summerville, Edisto and other islands, organizing schools and appointing and assisting teachers. On May I, 1865, she assisted largely in planning and organizing, with James Redpath, a public procession of school children which, with impressive ceremonies decorated the graves of the Union prisoners of war buried in trenches on the old race track, and not only the graves but the ground between them was covered with flowers. {New York Tribune, May 13, 1865). It has been suggested that this grand decoration of soldiers' graves may have led to our Memorial Day. In the fall, at the request of the superintendent of instruction, she took charge of the teachers at Hilton Head, on their arrival from New York, and assigned them to duty in various places. From 1866 to 1870 the Drs. Hawks's home was in Port Orange, Florida, where the husband had organized the Florida Land and Lumber Company, primarily "to furnish homesteads to freedmen and others." Though these years were uneventful, they were busy ones, as the wife gave her services and medicines as physician and teacher, "without money and witliout price."

Late in 1870 Dr. Esther Hawks located in Lynn, Massachusetts, at 51 Silsbee street, entering into a partnership with Dr. Lizzie Breed Welch, who had been her fellow medical graduate. The two and Dr. Mary J. Flanders were the first female i)hysicians in the city. In 1874, on returning from a visit to Florida, Dr. Esther Hawks opened an ofifice at 81 liroad street, where she remained until she purchased the estate at 16 Newhall street, in 1884, where she passed the remainder of her life. She was a successful and jwpular physician, an honored member of the profession, and in the thirty-five years of her active life established an extensive practice in Lynn and vicinity. She was a member of the New England Hospital Medical Society, the Boston Gynaecological Society, and an honorary member of the New Hampshire Association of Military Surgeons. She was actively alive to every cause or movement promising a betterment of the race. She was one of the founders of the Associated Charities of Lynn, an officer in it as long as she lived, and the influence of her spirit in the committee meetings will long be missed. She was a patron of the Boys Club, and the Day Nursery, the Reading and Rest Rooms, and was often called on to address the Mothers' Meeting, both at home and other places, and the spontaneous flow of her words, lighted by her wit and humor, was as pleasing to the little people as it was inspiring to the older folks. The cause of women suffrage, or "woman's rights," as it was first called, enlisted her interest while a young woman, an interest which survived her varied experiences in the souths and became active again after her location in Lynn. In 1877 the Lynn Woman Sufifrage Club was formed, of which, as one of its earnest promoters, she w^as placed on the committee to draw up the constitution. To this cause she was loyal through evil and good report, giving of her time, personal efifort and financial aid toward the legal enfranchisement of women, for more than forty years. She was an officer in the Equal Rights Club at the time of her death. It was characteristic that the hygienic conditions of the tenement houses for the poor received her early attention, not only as a physician but as a philanthropist, and when in recent years the Civic League was formed, she hailed its advent with enthusiasm, becoming a member and serving on several of its committees, with keen interest in the aims of the organization. She was also a charter member of the Lynn Woman's Club, and a regular attendant unless prevented by duties. She was a charter member of the Lynn Historical Society, and a member of the Houghton Horticultural Society. She was interested in a society for the prevention of tuberculosis. In aid of the peace movement, she provided in her will for prizes to be paid annually for the best essays written on the subject by the pupils of the Lynn high and ninth grade schools. The Lynn vacation school work, also, owes its existence to her initiative, and she was one of the prominent and active impulses of the committee from its start to the last meeting she attended. She was examining into the merits of the "school city" movement wdien she succumbed to her last illness. She was confident that this movement would develop manliness of character and a whole.some respect for law in the future citizen. She was elected a member of the Lynn school board, in which she served si.x years, her name having been placed on the ballots of both political parties. Her religious tendencies were toward the Universalist and Free Religious societies, but her associations and sympathies were not enclosed within sectarian or racial lines ; Catholic and Protestant, Jew and Gentile, seemed to her equally worthy members of the great Family of Man. She felt and acted as though her life and property were held by her in- trust for the benefit of others. It was said of her most truthfully at her funeral, "She has been doing God's work in the world. Her love of humanity and her faith in the fatherhood of God and the brotherhood of man, was most sincere, and was exemplified in her daily life. No character was too fine and noble for her to appreciate and sympathize with, and no vice or sin so hideous as to repel her from the attempt to develop the soul which was dormant. She strengthened many a weak and wayward soul with her courage and cheerfulness. In her creed was no place for the consideration of expediency ; the path of duty was straightforward and clear, and she unswervingly followed it. May the life just closed prove a guide and inspiration to us, imbuing us with courage, faith and hope, expressed in works."

West Riding of Yorkshire, to reach the ancestors of the New England families of that surname which have been seated in various parts of the commonwealth of Massachusetts since the times of the Puritans; and it is found that in colonial times there were Stacys in the provinces of New York and Pennsylvania, of the same English stock as those of New England. Mahlon Stacy was one of the lords proprietors of the province of West Jersey, owning one-fourth of one-tenth part of it, a man of great influence and character there, and one of the English landed gentry.

In early New England history the name now written Stacy, a form accepted by nearly all branches of the family, was variously mentioned in town and church records as Stace, Stacye, Stacie, Stacey, Stasy and Stacy, the latter the correct form and used perhaps less frequently than some of the others. Hugh Stacy, of the Plymouth colony, 1621, came in the "Fortune," and subsequently settled in the plantation at Dedham. He was of the Yorkshire family of his surname, perhaps was of kin to others who followed his example in emigrating from the mother country, and he is credited with having been the first of his name to land on the shores of New England. (I) This narrative, however, has to deal with the branch of the family which claims Simon Stacye as its ancestor. He was a commoner in Ipswich, Alassachusetts, 1641, and died before 1649. In the records his name is given as Stacye, Stacey and Stace, the latter spelling being most frequently used in whatever is said of him and his descendants during the first two or three generations. The year of his death is not given, but it must have been previous to 1649, ^o^" O" February 22 of that year a parcel of meadow land was granted to "Widow Stace," the same meadow "lying by Mr. Saltonstall's farm." The widow probably was Elizabeth Stace, whose will was proved March 29, 1670, as "received from her own mouth" by Simon Stace, Sarah Stace, Ann Stace. She directs her body to be "buryed in Ipswich burying place," and gives her son Simon "a bullock for the burial of me." She gives her son Thomas "a great Bible and a damask napkin ;" legacies to her daughters Sarah Buswell, Susannah French, and daughter Meoers ; and "to my daughter Ann, in consideration of her staying with me in my old age, all my other household stuff." This Ann Stace, daughter of Simon and Elizabeth, died February 21, 1681-2, and in her will, dated February 13, 1681-2, mentions her brother Simon, sisters Sarah Burrill, Susan French, Mary Fitch, cousins Simon Adams, Rebecca Stace, Ann French, Elizabeth ]\Iears and William Adams.

(II) Thomas Stace, son of Simon and Elizabeth Stace, married Susanna, daughter of Rev. William Worcester, of Salisbury, Massachusetts. He was a subscriber to the "Cart Bridge" in 1646, to Major Denison's allowance in 1648, and came into full communion with the church March i, 1673-4. He died about November, 1690, and his will, dated February 9, 1688-9, mentions wife Susannah, and children : Thomas ; William ; Elizabeth, born April 16, 1659; Joseph, born June 27, 1660; Mary, born November 7, 1661 ; Simon, born December 25, 1664; John, born March 16, 1666; Susannah, born January 16, 1668; Sarah, born December, 1670; Nimphas, born May, 1673; Rebecca, married Tames Burley, May 25, 1685.

(II) Simon Stace, son of Simon and Elizabeth Stace, born about 1636, was made freeman April 29, 1668, and appears to have been a man of some consequence. He was selectman 1675-80; appointed ensign 1684, lieutenant 1696, captain 1699. I" 1679 he was tythingman, and in 1695 was one of a committee to consider the proper and suitable dimensions of a new meeting house, and of the most easy way to make payment of the same. He was representative to the general court 1685-6 and 1689-90, and as evidence that he was a man on whom the townsmen could depend it may be mentioned, as an interesting incident of the times, that on the occasion of the death of the Rev. Thomas Cobbett somewhat elaborate preparations were made for his funeral ; "that Deaken Goodhue provide one barril of Wine and half a hundred weight of sugar, and that he sent it to Mr. Cobbitts house next second day of the week in the morning, for which he is to have in pay not money four shillings by the gallon and six pence a pound for the sugar.

That Mr. Rust provide if he can against the funeral, Gloves suitable for men and women, to the value of five or'six pounds not money pay, and some spice and ginger for the syder. That some persons be appointed to look to the burning of the wine and heating of the syder, against the time appointed for the funeral next Monday at one of the clock, and such as will be careful in the distribution." The person chosen to see that all things were properly done and to "be careful in the distribution" was "Ensygne" Symond Stace. The will of Simon Stace is dated October 20, 1699, and his estate was appraised at a little more than seven hundred twenty-two pounds. It does not appear that he left any children, and after making generous provision for his wife the remaining part of his property was left to Thomas Stacy (2), William Stacy, John Stacy, Elizabeth Woodhull, Mary Conner. Susannah Martin, Samuel Mears, Elizabeth Adams, Simon French, Ann Mudgctt and John Adams the brother of Simon Adams ; and after the decease of his widow these legatees received the remaining part of his estate.

(Ill) John Stacy, son of Thomas and Susanna (Worcester) Stace, and grandson of Simon and Elizabeth Stacye, born March 16, 1666, died in Gloucester, February 22, 1732. His name first appears in the records of the town last mentioned in 1723, when he was appointed innholder on condition that he sell no mixed drink on the Sabbath day. In Ipswich, where he was born, he was known as a miller, and in Gloucester as millwright. The record of his death in Ipswich says that he left a wife Eleanor and an estate of one hundred and forty-four pounds nine shillings five pence. His first wife, Mary, died Se])tember 6, 1720, and within the next two months the intention of taking another wife was published. The number and names of his children are not known, but among them was a son Nymphas, so named undoubtedly in allusion to his father's brother Nimphas, as mentioned in a preceding paragraph.

(I\^) Nymphas Stacy was a shoemaker, and for many years was deacon of the First church in Gloucester. He died November 14, 1774, aged seventy-five years. He married, in 1724, Hannah Littlehale. They had several children and among them were sons Nymphas, Benjamin and Philemon.

(V)^ Nymphas Stacy, son of Nymphas and Hannah (Littlehale) Stacy, was a shoemaker by trade, like his father,, and also succeeded his parent as deacon of the church. According to Mr. Babson's narrative he married four times, and six times if his published intentions of marriage were fulfilled. Yet he died a widower, at Wiscasset, Maine, where he went late in life to live in the family of one of his sons.

(\') Philemon Stacy, son of Nymphas and Hannah (Littlehale) Stacy, graduated from Harvard College 1765, and taught school several years. In 1779 he joined the privateer brig "Gloucester," which sailed from port that year and never afterward was heard of ; with her loss it is said that sixty wives of Gloucester men were made widows.

(V) Of Benjamin Stacy, another of the sons of Nymphas Stacy and Hannah Littlehale, little appears to be known, although family tradition and meagre records indicate that he was a man of more than ordinary prominence in that town. He married, 1762, Lucy, daughter of Ebenezer Witham, whose mother was Abigail Babson.

(\T) Eli Stacy, son of Benjamin Stacy, spent his entire life in Gloucester, where he carried on trade as a merchant, ship chandler and also had a rope walk. His wife was Mary Saunders Hough ; of whose family mention is made in this work. Their children were Eliza A., Eben H. and Eli F., both of whom were prominently identified with Gloucester interests for many years, each having held the office of collector of customs of the port, and the former of whom was a delegate to the constitutional convention of Massachusetts in 1853 ; Samuel A., anfl John H. Stacy.

Mary Saunders Hough, who married Samuel .v. Stacy, was a descendant of Richard Hough, who lived in Macclesfield, Chester county, England. It is said the remains of several preceding generations of his family lie in All Hallows (now St. Michael's) church in that town. The name Hough is indigenous to Cheshire, and in the seventeenth century several families bearing it were living in Macclesfield Hundred. Richard Hough arrived in Pennsylvania in the ship "Enfleavor," of London. 7 mo. 29, 1683, bringing with him four servants or dependents. He went to Bucks county, Pennsylvania, where he took up two tracts of land fronting on the Delaware river. He took active part in all of the affairs of the early days of the county, political, social and religious. He belonged to the Falls Meeting of the Society of Friends. He represented Bucks county in the provincial assembly for seven years beginning 1684, and filled the honorable office of provincial councillor in

1693 ^"d 1700; and he was one of the foremost men of the province in his time. Richard Hough married Mary Clows, i mo., 17, 1683-4 (o. s.), and is the first one on the Falls record. She was daughter of John Clows, of Gosworth, Cheshire, England, and Margery his wife, who came to Pennsylvania, 7 mo., 29, 1683, in the same ship with Richard Hough, and with their children, Margery, Rebecca and William. Richard Hough and Mary Clows had children: i. Mary, born 6 mo., i, 1685, died November 11, 1720; married April 6, 1704, William Atkinson, of Bristol, Pennsylvania. 2. Sarah, born 4 mo., 7, 1690 ; married first, 4 mo., 23, 1708, Isaac Atkinson, brother of William ; married second, Leonard Shallcross.

(VH) Samuel A. Stacy, son of Eli Stacy and Mary Saunders (Hough) Stacy, born in Gloucester, June 11, 1819, died there October 19, 1895. For many years he was engaged in a general insurance business, and while a few years of his business life were spent elsewhere he nevertheless was prominently identified with Gloucester interests and institutions. In 1847 'iG went to Ohio and lived a few years in Chillicothe, then returned to Gloucester and afterward lived in that town and subsec|uent city. He was for a long time senior partner of the firm of S. A. Stacy & Co., insurance underwriters, having an extensive business on Cape Ann, and even before going to the west he served as one of the town auditors of Gloucester. He was a member of the school committee 1861-62; assessor 1861-63; member of first board of aldermen after the incorporation of Gloucester as a city in 1873, and held that ofifice two years. He also was a member of the special committee charged with the erection of the city hall on Dale avenue ; for many years a trustee of Cape Ann Savings Bank, and president from 1888 to the time of his death ; a trustee of Oak Grove Cemetery, the Gloucester Water Supply Company, a director of the old Gloucester Lyceum and of its successor institution. Sawyer Free Library, and was one of the trustees of the library permanent fund. In 1846 Mr. Stacy married Harriet, daughter of Moses Gilbert, of Gloucester. Moses Gilbert was representative from Gloucester to the general court of Massachusetts, 1846. He was a grandson of Jonathan Gilbert, who died about 1800, and whose wife was Abigail Rogers, of Newbury. The Gilberts were a prominent family in Massachusetts colonial history, and descendants of the old Gilbert family of Devonshire, England, where one of them, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, the distinguished navigator, was born. The American ancestor of the branch of the family from which descended Harriet Gilbert, wife of Samuel A. Stacy, was Humphrey Gilbert, born in England, 1616; commoner in Ipswich, Massachusetts, 1648; bought lands 1650; died 1657, leaving second wife Elizabeth, only son John, and four daughters - Martha, Hannah, Mary and Abigail. John Gilbert, only son of Humphrey Gilbert, lived in Ipswich hamlet, near the Wenham line, and was a member of the church in Wenham until the organization of the church in Ipswich hamlet, when he was one of its first deacons. By his wife Elizabeth he had twelve children : the eldest, John Gilbert, born July 14, 1678, married, 1799, Martha Dodge, of Beverly, removed to Kettle Cove, and was the progenitor of the Gilberts of Cape Ann. He sold his lands in Wenham in 1703, and went to Gloucester to live in 1704. By his wife Martha he had sons, John, William and Jonathan, and three daughters. His son Jonathan married Abigail Newbury, as has been mentioned.

Samuel A. Stacy and Harriet Gilbert had five children, two of whom died in infancy. Those who grew to maturity are : John C. Stacy, Eliza Stacy (now Mrs. A. H. Calef, of New York), and George O. Stacy of Gloucester.

(VTII) George Odiorne Stacy, youngest son and child of Samuel A. and Harriet (Gilbert) Stacy, was born in Gloucester, November 3, 1863, and for nearly twenty years has been proprietor of one of most famous summer hotels on Cape Ann, Hawthorne Inn, which he built in 1891, with its several cottage additions in later years. In 1897 he built the Moorland at Bass Rocks, and still is its owner. In 1904 he built the Colonial Arms, the largest summer hotel on the North Shore, and which was destroyed by fire early in January, 1908. On March 15, 1899, George O. Stacy married Jane Parker, daughter of John Parker, of Gloucester.

This ancient family is traced by LEACH antiquarians to one John Leach, surveyor to Edward III, of England. His name is believed to have been de- rived from his calling, and the arms of the family, which bears three crowns^ is said to have had its origin in an interesting incident. When the kings of France and Scotland were prisoners of Edward, the three were dined together at the house of John Leach. On leaving the house King Edward gave to his host three crowns, and later, when as a further mark of the royal esteem a large estate in lands was granted Leach, these emblems (three crowns ) were placed on his arms.

( L) The immigrant ancestor of the family in America, Lawrence Leach, came from England and was -settled in Salem, Massachusetts, in 1629. He was proposed as freeman 1630, was a member of the first church in Salem before 1636, and that year received a grant of a hundred acres of land from the town. He died in Salem, June 4, 1662. When he came to this country he was accompanied by his wife Elizabeth and their sons John, Richard and Robert, leaving their eldest son Clement in England. A son Giles was born in Salem. Lawrence Leach held several im])oriant offices in Salem and appears to have been a man of influence in the town. It is said that more than ten thousand of his descendants are now living in America, although no definite genealogical effort has been made to trace them. Captain Richard Leach, son of Lawrence, died in 1647. leaving a son John, who inherited his grandfather's farm on the Rial side.

(H) Robert Leach, of Manchester. Massachusetts, son of Lawrence and Elizabeth Leach, born at Devon, England, 1616, died May 22, 1688. and came to America with his parents and brothers Richard and John in the fleet with Rev. Erancis Higginson. They were passengers in the ship "Talbot," which dropped anchor in Manchester harbor between five and six o'clock, Saturday, June 2"], 1629. He was one of the founders of Manchester, settling there 1636; was town clerk until 1648; selectman 1658-61, and again 1680-84. He was the founder of the Manchester branch of the family, and his descendants are 'very numerous, many of them having been eminent in civil and ecclesiastical aft'airs. Children : Robert, born 1650: Samuel, born 1655; Sarah, Elizabeth; Mary; Bethiah, and Abigail, married John Day, December 10, 1682, at Manchester. He was a son of Anthony and Susanna Day, of Gloucester. Anthony Day was at Gloucester in 1645. John Day was a soldier in King Philip's war, and received a grant of land at Kettle Cove for his service. He was born April 28, 1657, and was living in 1715-

(HI) Samuel Leach, son of Robert and Alice, born at Manchester, Massachusetts, 1655, died October 14, 1696. He was on the committee to distribute the common land 1690; selectman in the town of Manchester in 1681- 82-86-90. In the former year he and his brother Robert petitioned for relief in behalf of that town from the expense of supporting worship, and they came into a church state by themselves in 1716. He was a soldier in King Philip's war. The following account shows the harsh custom of the times and reveals a source of colonial revenue not open to our country since that day: "Samuel Leach, credited with 2 Indian captives, September 23, 1678, 2 pounds." He was a farmer, and left an estate of six hundred fifty-nine pounds, ilis son Richard inherited the homestead, it being that on which Robert settled in 1636. After Richard's death it was inherited by his son Benjamin, and after his death by his son Benjamin, who in 1790 tore down the original house (built by Robert) and in 1791 erected another a short distance from the place where it had stood. In 1903 this house was moved back to the site of the old one and remodeled by the present owner, Hon. Henry Clay Leach, of Salem, who makes it his summer home. The estate always has been in the possession of one of this line, having been handed down from father to son to the present time. Samuel Leach married first, 1672, Arabella, daughter of John and Arabella Norman, who died in 168 1 ; secf)nd, Hannah, daughter of John and Hannah (Norman) Baldwin, niece of his first wife. His children were: Penelope, born September 26, 1678; Catherine, born 1680, married Joseph Allen, 1696; Samuel, born 1682, married Hannah Leach, 1705; Hannah, born August 26, 1686, married Jeremiah Hibbard, 1709; Richard, born 1690, married Abigail Woodbury, 1715; Benjamin,- born Eebruary 14, 1692. John Norman was a son of Richard Norman, who was with Roger Conant at Cape Ann, and had a house at Salem before Ciovernor Endicott came. Richard Norman, Jr., died at Marblehead, and bequeathed his estate to Hannah, second wife of Samuel Leach, 1682.

(IV) Richard Leach, of Manchester, born there May 6, 1690, was a son of Samuel Leach and Hannah Baldwin. He followed the sea part of his life, visiting many parts of the globe, and was present at the taking of Carthagena. Afterward he became a farmer in his native town, and was selectman there in 1719 and 1722. He died there in 1764, and his will was proved April i, 1765; letters granted to his daughter, Hannah Osment ; sureties, Edmund Movey, Jonathan Herrick, Jr., and Ezekiel Knowlton. He married first, at Beverly, November 24, 171 5, Abigail, c'aughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (West) Woodbury (sometimes written Woodberry), born July 4, 1692, died May i, 1751. Joseph Woodbury settled in Manchester in 1684, died 1714, son of Nicholas and Anna (Paulsgrave) Woodbury, and grandson of William, brother of John Woodbury. John W^oodbury and family and his brother William were among the early settlers of the town of Beverly, Massachusetts, having come from Somersetshire, England. John Woodbury came under the direction of the Dorchester company, which established itself at Cape Ann in 1624. He went to Salem with Conant, Balch and others in 1626, and the next year went to England as an agent for procuring supplies. In 1635 and 1638 he was chosen deputy to the general court, and he also held many other offices of trust. He was an original member of the first church in Salem and he died in 1641.

Richard Leach married second. December II, 1751, widow Emma Haskell., of Manchester. She died in November 1761. aged seventy-nine years. John Haskell administered, September 13, 1762, on the estate of his mother, Emma Leach. Richard's children by first marriage were : Elizabeth, born April 25, 1717, died April 3, 1718; Benjamin, born January 13. 1719, died in infancy; Hannah, born 1720, married John Osment, Jr., 1739; Benjamin, born 1723, died 1787, married Emma Knowlton, 1749; Abigail, born May 15, 1726, died unmarried March i, 1797; Andrew, born 1730, died at London, England, in February, 1750, of small pox; Samuel, born October 19, 1 731, married Rebecca Lee.. 1756, was slain. by the Indians ofif Labrador, 1758; Richard, born October 9, 1735, married Sarah Morgan, March 2, 1758. In 1758 soon after his marriaee, Richard Leach, John Lee, John Day, John Driver and Samuel Morgan went down in one vessel.

(V) Captain Benjamin Leach, of Manchester, born there January 2, 1723, son of Richard and Abigail (Woodbury) Leach, was a shipmaster, and was at Lisbon at the time of the earthquake, where he lost an eye. He died at the island of lamaica while absent on a voyage in 1769. He married, May 28, 1749, Emma Knowlton, born at Manchester, Massachusetts, in 1724, died 181 1, daughter of Ezekiel Knowlton and Emma Foster. (Ezekiel 4, and Sarah Leach, John 3, and Bethiah, Carter, William 2 and Elizabeth, William i and Ann Elizabeth Smith). John (3) settled in Manchester in 1684, was selectman there 1700-05-07-08-18; town clerk 1714; representative, 171 7. He was a grandson of William (i) and Elizabeth Knowlton of Ipswich, 1640, who came from Chirwick, county of Kent, England. Felt says, "he was the head of a highly respectable family." Captain Benjamin and Emma (Knowlton) Leach had children: Benjamin, born 1749, married three times; Ruth, born 1751, died unmarried, June 13, 1771 ; Ezekiel, born 1755, married twice; Andrew, born 1757, married Jennie Samples,

(VI) Captain Benjamin Leach, of Manchester, born there December 27, 1749, was a son of Captain Benjamin and Emma (Knowlton) Leach. During his boyhood his parents lived about a cjuarter of a mile from the ancestral honie (which was then owned by his grandfather, after whose death it was ininherited by his father and after his death by Benjamin, Jr.). On the night of the Lisbon earthquake his father was at Lisbon, where he lost an eye, and the family at home at the same time were gathered around the fireplace, when the house was violently shaken and bricks came tumbling down the chimney to the great alarm of the family in front of the fire. He was a private in Captain Joseph Rea's company, enlisted July 25, 1776; service three months, three days, in defence of the seacoast ; company ordered to serve at the lines at Beverly; discharged October 28, 1776. Being a sailor and thinking he could serve his country better in that capacity, he entered the service on board the schooner "Hawk," privateer, as master (his brother Ezekiel being lieutenant). She was a well built vessel of seventy-five tons burden, mounting ten carriage guns and eight swivels, was a prime sailor, and had on board every convenience for such a cruise, and was commanded by Captain Jeremiah Hibbert. She sailed in 1777. Benjamin and Ezekiel Leach were captured by the British and spent three years in Dartmoor prison, enduring many hardships. When they returned they were so indignant on account of the hard usage they had received there that they destroyed all the English made furniture in the homestead including some fine old oak furniture brought over by Lawrence Leach and his sons. Benjamin Leach was master of several vessels in foreign trade. He died at Manchester, December 20, 1838. January i, 1839, administration was granted to his son Benjamin. He married first, December 12, 1773, Elizabeth Samples, born November 14, 1755, died at Manchester, March 27, 1782; married second, September i, 1784, Sarah Knowlton (7), born June 17, 1763, died September 18, 1798. (daughter of John (6) and Mary Herrick, Ezekiel 5 and Emma Foster, Ezekiel 4 and Sarah Leach, John 3 and Bethia Carter, \Villiam 2 and Elizabeth, William i and Anne Elizabeth Smith). He married third, March 21, 1799, Betsey Bean, born Feburary 24, 1755. died May 17, 1832. Children by Elizabeth Samples: Elizabeth, born June 4, 1774, married Captain John Lambert; Ruth, born April 17, 1778, married Captain John Allen. Children by Sarah Knowlton : Benjamin, born December 11, 1785, married twice; John, born March 11, 1788, died in November 1788; Sarah, born August 24, 1789. died 1873, married Amos H. Mills, 1813; Mary, born June 18, 1794, died unmarried March 30, 1873; Richard, born September 18, 1798, died at Havana. Cuba, December 14, 181 7.

fVH) Captain Benjamin Leach, of Manchester, was born there December ii, 1785, died October 10, 1859, son of Captain Benjamin and Sarah (Knowlton) Leach. From the age of fourteen to forty-five he followed the sea, beginning as a sailor, later was first mate ni a ship under command of Captain Thomas Leach, and finally rose to the command of a vessel. He visited nearly all quarters of the globe. At the time Lord Nelson bombarded Copenhagen he was in that port ; was at St Petersburg soon after the murder of Czar Paul, and was shown the room where he died. He devoted the last thirty years of his life to farming. He represented Manchester in the legislature in 1834 and 1835, was justice of the peace from 1834 until his death; one of the selectmen, assessors and overseers of the poor, and town clerk and collector for several years. He had a large general information and tenacious memory. Few men not actually connected with political life understood political history better, or were more thoroughly informed of its general movements. He was a useful and respected citizen and died deeply lamented by all who knew him. At the time of his death he owned and lived on the homestead of his ancestors. He married first, February 21. 181 1, Susan