Youngstown City (part 28 of 33)

Abraham Zimmerman was reared on his father's farm, on which he still resides, attended the district schools during his Invito* xl and from early youth took an interest in farming and stock-raising. On May 23. 1850, Mr. Zimmerman was married to Elizalieth Shimp. who was Inrn in Franklin County, Pennsylvania, and is a daughter of Samuel Slump, who died in Franklin County. When Mrs. Zimmerman was 12 years old she accompanied her widowed mother and brothers and si>ters to Mahoning County, anil she was reared on a farm in Heaver township. Mr. and Mrs. Zimmerman have bad four children: Rev. Joseph C, deceased, formerly a well-known minister ill the Lutheran Church : Samuel L., who died in childhood: John I-. a prominent attorney residing at Springfield. Ohio; and Catherine

Isadore. who married Rev. E. \V. Simon, who is pastor of the Lutheran Church at Akron. The only survivor of the alxne family is the son residing' at Springfield. In November, ioxx), Mr. Zimmerman was also ljcreaved of his beloved wife, to whom he had been united for over half a century. She was a woman of Christian life and was a devoted member of the Lutheran Church.

In politics Mr. Zimmerman is a Democrat. For a number of years he was a trustee of Green township, and served three years as a justice of the peace, during which time he tried twenty-one civil suits. l"or more than sixty years he has been a member of the Lutheran Church at Wa-shingtonvillc, has served as one of the deacons and has always been interested in the work of the Sunday school. Iti former years he was identified with the order of Odd Fellows, l'robably no man in Green township is more generally respected and esteemed than is Abraham Zimmerman.

HOI IX GACLT, a leading citizen of Jackson township, and a representative of one of its oldest families, was born December J~, 1830. in Jackson township, Mahoning County, Ohio, and is a son of Rolxrrt and Marjorie ( Ewing) Gault.

The early history of the Gault family settles in Pennsylvania, and it is probable that from that state the great-grand iather entered the ranks of the 1'atrn.t army, during the War of the Revolution, an,! the fact is substantiated that he was a personal friend of the great commander. General Washington. His son, Rol*>rt Gault, paternal grandfather of John Gault. was N,rn in Washington County. Pennsylvania, and migrated from there to the Western Reserve in 1800. settling in Jackson township in what was then Trumbull, but subsequent') lecauie Mahoning Countv. lie married Charlotte Bowman, who was of German descent and a native of Pennsylvania. He

The maternal grandfather of John Gault was John Ewing, who was born in Ireland and emigrated to America in coni|>any with his mother, one brother and two sisters, in 1800. They remained in Pennsylvania until 1804, when they moved to Jackson township. Ma- . honing County, Ohio, and for more than a century this family has been prominently identified with the affairs of this section. Andrew Gault, a brother to the father of John Gault, was the first white child born in Jackson township, and he married a daughter of John Ewing and a sister to the mother of John Gault, and she was the first female child born to white parents in Jackson township. The two families, Gault and Ewing. arc close kindred.

Robert Gault, son of Roliert and father of , John, was lwrn in Pennsylvania, and lived a long and useful life, mainly devoted tu agricultural pursuits. His death occurred in January, i8o_\ He married Marjorie Ewing in 1834, who was one of a family of twelve children born to John and Margaret R. Ew ing. Her birth took place in 1816 and she still survives, bearing well the weight of her 91 years, and resides on the home farm, now conducted by her son Gibson J., where she has lived for seventy-two years. Roljert and Marjorie Gault were parents of twelve children, eleven of whom grew to maturity and nine still survive, the majority of them being residents of Maltoning County and among her l>est and most substantial citizens, namely : John, Alexander and Margaret, twins. Mary Ann, Andrew. Caroline. Martha J.. Gideon. Samuel S.. William. Gibson J., and Robert E.

Of the above family. Alexander, residing at Struthers, served gallantly as a soldier in the Civil War. and was a memlter of Company !-'. 41st Regiment. Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He married (first) Elizal>eth Forsythc, of Muskingum County. His twin sister. Margaret, married Thomas H. P.ellard. and they reside in Ashtabula County. Mary Ann is the wi-'e of 1. A. Smith, residing at Struthers.

Andrew was a veteran of the Civil War, having re-enlisted after serving a term of three years, as a memlxr of Company F, 4th Regiment. Ohio Volunteer Infantry. At Dallas. Georgia, he was wounded so seriously that he lost an arm and died from the effects of blood poisoning. Caroline dieil aged 18 months. Martha J., deceased, was the wife of D. A. Wilson, of Voungstown. Gideon, residing at Warren, was formerly a prominent fanner. He married Olive Mason, of Mecca. Trumbull County. Samuel S., a prominent tanner and large landowner in Ellsworth township, married Alice Williams. Gibson J., who is president of the Jackson tow nship school Iward and a successful farmer and stock-raiser, resides on the old homestead and cares for his venerable mother. He married Harriet Duncan, of Berlin township. Robert E.. who is also a successful fanner of Jackson township, married Jessie Dunlap, who was born in Michigan.

John Gault was educated in the district schools of Jackson township and at Canfield Academy. He has l>een interested in agricultural pursuits all his life and has resided on his present valuable farm of 166 acres since 1870. He is justly ranked with the leading farmers and stock-raisers of this section.

Mr. Gault was married (first) in September, 1861, to Louisa M. Johnson, who was a sister of Judge J. R. Johnson, of Yotmgstown. She was accidentally killed in a railroad accident in Medina County, Ohio, in September, 1888. ami was survived by three children, viz.: Joseph G.. Lula Olive and George Joseph G. Gault. the eldest son of John Gault, was l>orn December 27. 1863. and completed his education at the Ohio Normal College. He married a schoolmate, Cora Bennett, and they live in Union County, where Mr. Gault is a successful farmer. They have three children: John B.. Howard and Mary L. Lula Olive Gault graduated first from the Union school at Youngstown and completed the classical course at Hiram College, where she spent seven years in study. Suli-eouenlly she became the wife of Rev. J. K. Lynn, who is pastor in charge of the First Disciple Church at Warren. They have two children, Emerson and Rachel. George F. Gault, the second son, was lx>m August 0. '879. S])ent three years at the Raven High School at Youngstown and two years at the Ohio Normal University at Ada'. He married Floy Henry, of Ada, Ohio, and they have one child, Axia Marjorie.

John Gault was married (second) to Mrs. Sarah Jane (Davis) Sampson, in 1890. who died in 1809, Mr. Gault was married (third) to Mrs. Margaret J. (Copeland) Armstrong, of Columbiana County.

Almost since his youth Mr. Gault has taken an active interest in |>olitics and has been identified with the Republican party. For a number of years he has Iwen in service on the school board, and in 1882 he was elected a county commissioner of Mahoning County. His administration of the office so satisfied his fellow citizens that lie was re-elected in the fall of 1885. He fills the office of justice of the peace in Jackson township, and in all public matters his advice is asked and his judgment consulted. On many occasions he has been a party delegate to the Republican county and congressional conventions and on one occasion he was a delegate to the state convention. He is a man of fine presence and affable manner and makes an excellent representative, lxith of his party and of his community. He is one of the leading members of the Presbyterian Church in this section. Both the Gaults and the Ewings were prominently identified with the founding of schools and religious edifices in the early days 01 their settlement here, dating back to the time when the only roads through the forests were the trails of the Indians.

igiXSK.N* X. BEARDSLF.V. residing on £11 In- valuable farm of i y acres, situ- ^Sjj ;itt«] in section 24. Green township, fc?3» is .1 successful farmer and dairyman and is also a representative citizen of this neighWhood. Mr. Beardslcy was lx>rn in Canfield township, Mahoning County, Ohio,

The Beanlsley family is of English extraction and the founders in America came to Xevv England in colonial days. From there the sons and daughters in succeeding generations have spread through many states, the first one coming to this section of Ohio being Captain Philo Dcardsley. the grandfather oi Ensign N. Me was a native of Connecticut and was a very early settler in Canfield township, where his son Almus was born January 2. 1829. The latter is one of the old and substantial citizens of that township. He was one of the early encouragers of the Grange movement and has been identified with the development of other interests. In politics he is a Republican.

Ensign X. Beanlsley was reared in Canfield township and educated in the public schools and the Northeastern Ohio Normal College at Canfield. He was also a student for a short period in the agricultural department of the Ohio State University at Columbus. His one surviving brother. Hiram ]., farming in Canfield township, and his one sister, Sarah T.. who married W. C. Wilson, residing at Canfield. also enjoyed excellent educational advantages. Mr. Beanlsley is considered a very capable fanner and an equally successful dairyman. In the latter industry he has well-fitted quarters and conducts his business along modern lines.

On May 6. 1805. Mr. Beanlsley was married to Flora Stewart, who was l»orn in Columbiana County, Ohio, and is a daughter of Josiah Stewart, late 01" Franklin Square. Ohio, Mr. and Mrs. Beanlsley have had eight children, the four surviving l>eing: Daniel S., Ruby. Noble \Y. and .Minus L. Mr. Beards- Icy is a friend of education, and his children will have many advantages. In publics he votes generally with the Republican party, bin claims a right to act independently when his judgment urges him to do so.

always ready to take part in movements looking to the development of letter agricultural conditions. He is a meml>er of the Disciples Church at Greenford.

SAAC C ATT ELL. a prominent citizen of Beloit and a former assessor of Smith township, was lx>rn September jo, 1836, in Smith township, Mahoning County, Ohio, and is a son of Ezra and Henrietta (Stanley) Cartel!.

The Cattell family came to this part of Ohio from Pennsylvania, and James Cattell, the grandfather, was one of the earliest settlers in Goshen township. Ezra Cattcli was reared in Goshen township, but after his marriage he settled in Smith township, on a farm then covered with the native forest, but which is the present site of a part of the busy town of Beloit. Ezra Cattell built his log cabin in what then seemed an outpost of civilization. He married Henrietta Stanley, who was a daughter of Thomas Stanley, who was one of the earliest settlers of Smith township, where he acquired large tracts of government land which became of great value as the country Iwcame settled. Both Ezra Cattell and wife died on the pioneer farm in Smith township, and of their children, the following survive: Thomas, residing at Beloit; Isaac: Esther, residing at Beloit. is the widow of Albert Colib, fomierly of Smith township; Binford T. : Alzada. residing at Alliance, who married John Johnson, while those deceased were: Hannah. Clark. Alk-rt and F.zraetta. In political sentiment. Ezra Cattell was a Republican. 1 le was a leading mcmlxr of the East Goshen Friends Church. In his death Smith township lost one of its l-est and most exemplary and useful citizens.

Isiac Cattell was reared and educated in Smith township, growing to young manhood as his father's assistant in his agricultural operations. 11c has always resided in Smith township, where, at various times, he has assumed duties 1 t a public character. For several vears he was assessor of the township and

On August 18IU. Mr. Catteil was married to Rebecca A. Pettit, who was born in Green township, Mahoning- County. Ohio, May 15. 1834. She is a daughter ot Edward and Saralt (Atterholt) Pettit, the former of whom was a native of Philadelphia, and the latter of Columbiana County. When she was about thirteen years of age, her parents moved to Green township, Mahoning County, and subsequently to near Alliance, where they died. The maternal grandfather of Mrs. Catteil was a prominent citizen of Columbiana County for many years and was one of the early judges, the name of Judge Atterholt Inring found on many of the township's important early documents.

H. E. LOWRY, a member of the law firm of Gibson & Lowry. with offices 011 the seventh floor of the Dollar Bank building, at Youngstovvn, was born at l.owellville. in 1803, and is a son of James J. and Margaret (Smith) Lowry. James J. Livvry resides on the farm on which he was txirn. 8j years ago. He is a son of William Lowry. who was born in County Down. Ireland, and it was his grandfather, UolK-rt Liwry, who brought the family to America, and in 1804 settled at Poland Center. Mahoning County.

L. H. E. Lowry attended school at Lowellville. and later at Hudson Academy, and took the freshman year at Adelliert College. Cleveland. He entered the University of Michigan and was graduated there in 1888. with the degree of A B. Suhsci|iicntiy luread law with Attorneys (.". D. Mine and John H. Clark at Youngstown. until admitted to the bar. iu iX'cember, immediately afterwan! Iicginning to practice at Y>ungsto\vn. Mr. I.owry continued alone until January t. i'to<>. when he formed a partnership with

Mr. Lowry is a meml>er of the Republican party anil has served as secretary of the Republican county central committee. Mr. Lowry is interested iu several prosperous business enterprises of this county, and is a director of the Lowell vi lie Savings and Hanking Company.

In addition to mcmlicrship in the Mahoning County and the Slate liar Association, Mr. Lowry is a memlwr of Hillman Lodge, No. 481. V. & A. M . of which he is past master, and of St. John's Coinmandcry, No. 20, K. T. He is a member of the Lowellville Presbyterian Church and belongs to its board of trustees.

XIAM C. ELDER, general farmer and stock-raiser, resides on a valuable farm of t i8f j acres, situated in Goshen township, Iving in section 17, on which he has resided since its purchase in 1870. He was lxim in Bedford County, Pennsylvania, December _'Q. 18.32, and is a son of George and Margaret (Cessna) Elder.

William C. Elder was reared on the old home farm in Bedford County, on which bis grandfather. James Elder, lived and died. He attended the district schools near his home and after completing his education, he engaged in farming and st< ukraising and before coming to Mahoning County, did a large amount of shipping. In 1870. he settled on his present farm, which he has greatly improved.

On June 10, 180*, Mr, Elder was married to Ellen Baylor, who was Inirn in Green township. Mahoning County. Ohio. June It. 184J. and is a daughter of Peter and Mary ( Kelley ) Baylor, the former of whom was Um\ at Willianis]*ort, Pennsylvania, and the latter in Columbiana County. Ohio. Peter Baylor left his native state in Imvhood, having Ihvii leu an orphan, and for a number of years worked ;it fanning 111 Green township. Columbiana

County, and then movcil to Van Buren County, Michigan. Alter some years there he rcturneil to Ohio ami settled at Snlem, where he died in his 86th year. His widow survived to lx* on years of age and died at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Elder. To the latter were born six children, as follows: Kstella, who married S. E. Mackintosh, residing at Salem; George N., a resident of Goshen township; Espey A., a resident of Goshen township; Warren b\, residing at Canton ; Bessie, who married Lewis S. Campbell, residing in Green township; and Clyde, residing at Salem, Ohio.

In politics Mr. Elder is a Democrat and has served as school director and as judge of elections. He has served as one of the trustees of the Methodist Episcopal Church, to which both he and his w ife l>eloug. They are well known, kind and hospitable people, and have a wide circle of friends through Goshen township.

HARLES H. SHKEVE, a well known citizen and prosperous agriculturist, residing on bis well culti- 9 vated farm of 63' /. acres, in section in, Goshen township, was l>orn in Smith township, Mahoning County, Ohio, July 7. 1864, and is a son of Joshua and Elizal>cth < Stanley ) Shreve.

The father of Mr. Shreve was born in Goshen township and the mother in Smith township. Mahoning County. Ohio. They spent their lives here, Mr. Joshua Shreve dying after a long and useful life in 1805. and his wife in 1005. They were worthy people, who, in daily walk and conversation proclaimed their adherence to the principles taught by the religious IxhIv to which they belonged, the Society of Rriends. The Shreve family was established in Goshen township by Stacy Shreve, the grand father of Charles II .. he having come here at a very early date, from New Jersey. In political sentiment. Joshua Shre\e was a Republican. He was reared in Goshen township but removed to Smith townsh-p after his marriage.

Cliarlcs H. Shreve was reared in Smith township, securing a good education in the district schools. He has always devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits, and having been accustomed to farm life since childhood, thoroughly understands every detail which goes to make farming a success. He settled on his present farm in 1003.

On November 27. 1890, Mr. Shreve was married to Lonora Cattell, who was l)orn in Goshen township, Mahoning County, and is a daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth Cattell. who are now residents of Beloit, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Shreve have one son. Clifton C. who was born July 15, 1896. Mr. Shreve and w ife are members of the East Goshen Friends Church, of which he is an overseer and a trustee. He casts his vote, in political contests, for the candidates of the Prohibition party. Mr. Shreve is an intelligent, broad-minded man. who is a friend of the public schools and who served on the school Ixjard while living in Smith township. He is a worthy representative of a family that has been identified with the development and improvement of Mahoning County, for a long period.

f. DILL, vice-president and general manager of the Youngstown and Southern Railway, now in course of construction between Youngstown and Leetonia. Ohio, is a man whose railroad experience covers many years and in different sections of the country. He was born, reared and educated in the state of New York.

broin a clerkship in a store, Mr. Dill engaged in an ice business in Jersey City. New Jersey, and then took up railroad work at that p'int, with the Pennsylvania system. Two veu's later be went with the New York. New Haven and Hartford Rail Pad. with which o 1 p iration lie remained in train service for six years. He then accepted the position of division superintendent of the Metropolitan Street Railway, of Yew York City, remaining there live veir-. Theire lie went to the -\i\k-T- intendency of the Detroit. Ypsilanti. Ann Arbor and Jackson Railroad, lor two years. sul>- sequeiUly Incoming general superintendent of the Michigan Traction Company, with which he remained for a year and a half. Mr. Dill was then called to his present position as general manager of the Yotingstown atid Southern Railway. This line will have been completed as far as Leetonia. by the autumn of 1907, and wilt be fully equipped as an electric railway. A connection will Ik- made at Leetonia with the Yotingstown and Ohio River Railroad, thus connecting with Salem, Lislion and East Liverpool, and cementing the transportation interests of Columbiana and Mahoning Counties.

In 1892 Mr. Dill was married to E. Janette Flood, of Boston, Massachusetts, and they have four children: Leland. Herbert, Rohert and Grace Margaret. Mr. Dill has invested in real estate at Youngstown, puchnsing a handsome home at No. 8.27 Michigan avenue. He is a member of the Masons and the Elks and belongs also to the Youngstown Club.

IBBagl this little city since 1892. when he removed from his valuable farm of 12<) acres in Smith township, which he still owns. Mr. Greenawalt is also an honored survivor it the great Civil War. He was born February -'3, 1834. in Montgomery County. Pennsylvania, and is a son of John and Elizabeth (Conner) Greenawalt.

County, near WashinglonvilJe. There the father engaged in farming for many years before bis death. I le was survived by bis widow for Miine years. Of their five children. Abraham is the only one living.

district school education. He then learned the trade of bricklayer, one he followed for many years, but later, when he settled in Smith township. Mahoning County, turned his attention to agricultural pursuits. When the Civil W ar was precipitated on the country, the army was mainly made up. in the Xortb, from a class of men who. previous to enlisting, had always lived quiet, itcaceful lives. Among those who went out from this section of Ohio, was Abraham Greenawalt, who. in August, i86_>, entered Company G, 104th Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served with cheerful courage until he was honorably discharged in June. 1865. at Greensboro, North Carolina. During this long period of hard marching and nvire or less continuous fighting, Mr. Greenawalt fortunately escaped injury, although he participated in some of the most serious battles of the whole war. His regiment was a part of the Army of the Cumberland and took part in the siege of Knoxville, the battle of Franklin, and the several days of fighting included in the tmttle of Nashville, and the campaign around Atlanta, being under fire the greater part of the time. The -'3rd Army Corps, of which his regiment was a part, was at Raleigh. Xorth Carolina, when the noted Confederate general. Joe Johnston, 1 was compelled to surrender to the Federal forces.

After his honorable discharge from militarv service. Mr. Greenawalt came to Cleveland. Ohio, where he was paid off, and then lived for a short time at Salem, but settled, in iXtf>. 011 farming land he had purchased in Smith township He there became one of the substantial, reliable citizens, took an interest in public affairs, served several years as township trustee, two years as assessor and in 1900, was ajiju.inted land appraiser in Goshen township. In 1 80-' he retired from farm lalur and since then has been a leading citi/en of l>anrccus. has served as an active promoter of the town's IkM interests, and since May 5, \iy>}. lias heen a justice of the peare

M., residing in W ichita County, Kansas, and John J., residing at Alliance, Ohio. Mr. Greenawalt was married ( second) to Mary J. Phillips, who was liorn in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, and is a daughter of Nathan and Anna Phillips, who came from Pennsylvania when Mrs. Greenawalt was eight years of age. A granddaughter of Mr. Greenawalt. Hlanchc, daughter of Kmor M.. has resided with her grandfather for the i>ast fourteen years, since she was four years old, and is a very amiable and engaging young lady. Mr. Greenawalt is one of the leading meml>ers of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a valued comrade in John C. Fremont Post, G. A. R., of Alliance, Ohio.

*S. SARAH RHODES, a most highly res|>ectcd resident of Green ford. widow of Cyrus Rhodes, who died December 20, J 904. was lx>rn in Green township, Mahoning County, Ohio, November 4. 1830, and is a daughter of John and Mary (Baker) Bush.

The father of Mrs. Rhodes died in 1880. He was a native of Germany and had conic among the early settlers to Green township. He was a weaver by trade and in connection with farming, worked more or less at his loom until his denth. He married Mary Baker, who diet] when Mrs. Rhodes was small and she is the only survivor of their family of five children.

Mrs. Rhodes as a girl attended the public schools of Green township, and has always been considered a woman of great intelligence and excellent judgment in the ordinary affairs of life. On August 7. 1X5 1, she was married to Cyrus Rhodes, who was 1>orti Novemlier iS, iX_>(». in Green township. Mahoning Countv. and was a son of Henry and Sarah (Cochel) Rhodes. The latter were natives of an enstern state and came to < ireen township at so »- iily a |kthh| that they were obliged to nuke their own path through the unbroken forest, marking the trees , ,n the way in order to hnd an opening again to civilization. No children were born to Cyrus Rhodes and wife, but they reared two infants to maturity, both of w hom became as dear to them as their own. Their adopted son. Lafayette Rhodes, residing in Green township, married Caroline Hively, of (Ireen township, and they have two children. Sarah M. and Otis O. The adopted daughter. Eliza Parmelia, who died in the spring of iXox). married Dwight Kcllcy, residing now at Youngslown, and they had five children, namely: Ruby M.. Ada M.. Charles R.. Clark L. and Honor D.

After their marriage, Cyrus Rhodes and wife settled on a farm in Green township, where Mr. Rhodes carried on general farming. He was a man of prominence in the county and served six years as infirmary director and a number of terms as trustee of Green township. He took an active part in town politics and his influence was always lent to advance the l>est interests of his community. He was a Republican. For many years he was a consistent member of the Lutheran Church at Green ford, in which he was a deacon. After a half century of happy married life. Mr. Rhodes passed away, a man who was beloved and reverenced in his family and respected and esteemed by his fellow-citizens.

YROX I ARMS, vice-president of the First National Bank at Youngslown. Ohio, and president of the General Fire-Proofing Company, also of Youngstown. is one of the representative business men of this city. He was Ix.rn January 30. 1X54. a son of Myron 1. and Emetine E. (Warner) Arms.

The father of Mr. Anus was long one of the prominent business men of this section, a large iron manufacturer, with many and impM tant interests. I luring the Civil War these were so large that on three occasions he paid for substitutes to enter the service ltecause lie could not release himself from his business respuisibilitics. later he entere<l the service himself ami died in i8f>4 as a result of exposure in the field. He was the father of six children.

Arms began his business career as a teller in a Iwnk. but subsequently became interested in iron manufacturing at N'tles, Ohio. His interests have extended and for some time he has licet) vice-president of the First National Bank at Youngstown, having been president of the General Eire- Proofing Company since 1901.

Mr. Anns married Almira Hitchcock, a daughter of the late Win. J. Hitchcock, and they are the parents of one child. They bavc a beautiful and home-like residence at No. 639 Wick avenue. Youngstown.

Mr and Mrs. Arms are tncmltcrs of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Arms is affiliated with the Republican party, but takes no veryactive interest in politics. He ranks among the foremost business men of the city.

well iniprove<l land in Goshen township, has been a minister in the Society of Friends, for the past forty years. He wrts born March J3. 1841, in Goshen township. Mahoning County, Ohio, and is a son of James and Sarah II, ( 1 Irani ingham 1 Malms hei -

The grandparents of Mr. Malmslicrry were Benjamin and Jane Malinslteny, who came to what is now Mahoning County, from New Jersey, and settled in ( io-bcu township, when but few other pioneers had ventured into the wilderness which then prevailed. Benjamin Mahnslieny selected his farm ne:ir the present sin- . ,f the town of Garfield, this l;ui<! now liettiLr the property of M. I. 1'ettit. There he built his hoiue and he-.;:in the developing of ;i fnnti fmm the foict In religious faith he was a Ouaker and his was a powerful influence in establishing firmly in this section, the Society of Friends. Benjamin Malmsberry and wife, in the course of nature, passed away and their remains lie in the quiet little burying ground of the East Goshen Church.

James Malmsberry. father of George B., was reared and educated in Goshen township, in which he passed the greater part of his life. He married Sarah H. Brantingham, of English descent, and they reared a family and they, too have passed away.

George B. Malmsberry was reared in Goshen township and in his boyhood attended the district schools. He also enjoyed educational advantages in private schools, his early instruction haying been supplemented by a life more or less intellectual in its activities. For a long period Mr. Malmsberry has been an acceptable minister in the Friends* Church and has served as regular pastor of both the East Goshen Church and of the Mottown, Portage County, Church. He is widely known, and his counsel, advice and example, as well as his dee]> and earnest religious instruction, are highly valued by his people. In character he is an honest, upright. God-fearing man. fearless in denouncing wrong and ready at all times to speak for the right.

Mr. MalmslK'rry married Ta/clta Cattell, who was liorn in Mahoning County and is a daughter of Joseph and Annar Cattell. Mr. and Mrs. Malmsberry have two children, namely: Arvine J. and Sarah A. The latter is the wife of Walter J. Fllyson, residing in Butler township, Columbiana County. Arvine J. Malmslicrry was l»orn in (ioshen township, Mahoning County. Ohio. October 5. 1804, and was educated in the public schools and at Damascus Academy. He ow ns an excellent farm of <>o acres, situated in section to, Goshen township, and is also senior metnlier of the firm of Malmslierry & Stanley, balers and pressers <>f hay and straw. This firm does a 'ii;r *n>i!ie-s owns :i modern ha\ pre-s. Arvine J. Malmslierry imrried Alice (VIiIk, who was Ijoni in Goshen township and is a d iiigtitcr of F.libu and Mary A. (Stanley")

Cobbs. who reside at Salciti. Of this marriage have l)een liorn three cliildren : Russell E., Lureti G. and Charles A. Mr. Malmsberry is an elder in the East (ioshen Friends Chi:irh. like his esteemed father, he is a Prohibitionist.

Rev. George 15. Malmsberry has resided <m his present |>ro;>erty since about the close <<t the Civil War. As its name appropriately describes it, the farm is admirably situated as t>> view, and it shelters some of the most highly resected and beloved residents of this section. Mr. Malmsberry is a pleasant conversationalist, and his recollections of the changes which be has witnessed in the face of the country in this vicinity are very interesting.

-\ KISTLER, attorncy-at-law, at Youngstown, with offices in the Maloncy block, was ljorn in 1804, near Cornersburg, Hoardman township, Mahoning County, Obio, and is a son of Joseph Kistler.

His gnmdfather. John R. Kistler. who was born in Lehigh County. Pennsylvania, was an early settler and a prominent farmer of Maboning County. Joseph Kistler was born in this county and died when the subject of this sketch was 10 years old.

U. F. Kistler was reared on the farm in Boardtnan township where he received his primary education, later attending scIuhi! in Canfield. For ten subsequent years he taught school in Mahoning County, and then read law with R. R. Murray, of Youngstown. After his admission to the bar. in 1S94. he immediately began tbe practice of his profession. In 1902 be entered into partnership with F. L. Oesch. under the firm name of Kistler &- Oesch. Mr, Kistler is a member of the Mahoning County H:ir Association and the Mahoning Cottnty Library Association. Mr. Kistler lias a beautiful country residence at Lanterman Falls. He was reared in tbe faith -of the Lutheran Church.

'SKl'H R. TABER. postmaster, dealer m bo, its and shoes, and one of the leading citizens of the village of CanticM, was born February 3, 1859, in Carroll County, Ohio, and is a son of Addison and Isabella (Keckley) Ta- Ikt. the former of whom is deceased, and the latter is still living on the old home place in the village of Fekin, Carroll Count), Ohio.

Joseph R. Taber was reared in Carroll County, Ohio. Mis primary education, which was received in the district schools; was supplemented by a course at the Grand River Institute in Ashtabula County, after which he taught in the business department of the Austinburg Institute for two years. In 1888 he came to Canfield and taught the business department of the Northeastern Ohio Normal College for thirteen years. In 1900 he bought out G. B. Shellhorn, who conducted a boot and shoe store, and has since l>een engaged in that business which he manages in connection with his duties as postmaster of Canfield. taking charge of the postoftice on April 11, 1905. Since 1900 Mr. Taber has been clerk of the village. He is a Republican in politics, and served as mayor of Canfield for two years, <luring 1894-5. Fraternally he is connected with the Odd Fellows.

I.I \M BEIGHT, merchant, who Ikk t^en established in the mcrcmiile business at New Middlet i\ 11 since 1887, was Ixirn on the old Jonathan Bright homestead, in Springfield township. Mahoning County, Ohio. January 11. i86>i, and is a son of Jonathan and Hietta ( Lipp) Height.

The Height family came to Springfield township among its earliest pioneers. John Height, the great grandfather, with his son, John Height, came from I Ingcrstown. Maryland, in iS'oj. and located in Springfield town- ship, where he secured about about a half section of land from the government, paying $1.25 an acre. The land was cleared enough at first to enable the father and son to build a log cabin of the most primitive description, w ithout either windows or floors. This structure stood on the farm for many years. Grandfather J<<hn Height married a member of the Rhodes family, also pioneers. Jonathan Height, lather of William, was born on the Height land but on a farm adjoining that on which his son was born, in Decemlier. 1828. When he married he bought 57 acres of the homestead land to which he subsequently added until he had i.\n acres, which he operated for some years, but later disposed of all of it to his sons. He married Bietta Lipp, who was born in April, 1828, in Stuttgart, Germany, and is a daughter of Gottleib Lipp, who nine to Springfield township when Mrs. Beight was five years old. A family of ten children have been Ixirn to Jonathan Height and his wife, as follows: Israel, residing in Springfield township: I»uis. a resilient of Springfield township: George, who died aged six years; Kmnmiel and Jonathan. Jr.. both residing- in Springfield township: Lvdia. who married l-'rancis llallcr. residing in Springfield township; William; Tillie, who diet! young; Reliecca. who tnarrietl Clarence Creps. resitling with her parents; and Annie, who married Sylvester Bnrkcy. and resides a short distance east of New Middtetowu.

William Height was reared in Springfield township, where he attended the public schools during boyhood, later became a student at the Northeastern Ohio Normal School at Canfiel«l. and completed his education at the Spcnccrian Commercial School at Cleveland, For two years he was interested in a mercantile business at New Springfield, muter the name of J Hoifman ft Co.. following which lie came to New Mitidletown. Mr, Height comiiiencei! business at his present Wat ion, a two-story building, ami he utilises all the ice. his stock Icing a very heavy one. Inr the first sjx year-, he ha<l bis brother. E. M Height, as a partner, bin then bought the latter'- interest and the firm name was changed from Height

Brus. to William Beight. His stock includes dry goods, groceries, boots and shoes, and he supplies a large percentage of the citizens of New Middlctown as well as the adjacent country.

Mr. Beight has not only been a successful merchant, but he has a number of other interests which he ably controls. A man of foresight ami judgment, he has invested largely in real estate, particularly at Youngstown, in which city he owns seven valuable residence proj>ertics and also has an interest in the Pfau & Faunce Realty Company. He owns a onefourth interest in a three-story store and apartment building which is being erected on Phelps, street.

In September, 1887, Mr. Height was mar- . ried to Emma Eauser. who was Ixorn at Petersburg, Mahoning County, and is a daughter of Frederick and Lucy (Martin) Fanser. Mr. Fauser ?>til! survives and resides at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Beight The latter have one son. Jtids. n Frederick, who was bom February 11, 1888. In politics. Mr. Height votes with the Democrats. Fraternally he lielongs to Starlight Lodge. No. 224. Knights of Pythias.

IOILN ] I. MILLER, a leading business man of Salem, who conducts a greenhouse at No. 17 West Main street, I operates two other similar establishments on his farm of 25 acres, which I is situated in Goshen township. Mr. Miller was born in Bedford County, Pennsylvania. October \o. 1845. and is a son of Joseph C. am) Delilah 1 Hanks) Miller. The father of Mr. Miller came to Ohio in the spring of 1NX2 J and resided in various parts of Mahoning Comity. His death to. k place in Berlin township.

John 11. Miller came to Mahoning County in the spring of 1804, ami until the following fall he worked as a farmer, in Ellsworth township. He then went back to Bedford Comity, only to return to Mahoning in the spring of 1805. and from then until 1872 he was 111 nn'v engaged in agricultural pursuits in I Ircen and

Goshen townships. About that time he 1*>ught 25 acres of land in section 13. Goshen township, ami started immediately to improve the pro]>ert\ , which he continued to do as long as he resided upon it. He started his nursery and greenhouses and when he saw a good opening for the business, in 1881, he moved to Salem and erected his present establishment in the city: his business now remiires the resources of all three greenhouses.

Mr. Miller married Rosa D. Bowman, who was I torn in Goshen township, and who is a memlicr of an old and prominent family of this section. Her father was the late Christian Bowman. Mr. and Mrs. Miller have six children, as follows: George H.. residing in Goshen township; Rachel, a public school teacher in Mahoning County: Esther, residing at home; John G., residing at Salem; Emily, residing at home; and Abel R., a resident of Salem.

Politically Mr. Miller is a Democrat. While living in the country, he served as school director in district No. 6. and always has done all in his power to advance the interests of education in his community. He belongs to Salem Lodge, No. 305. of the Klks. and is serving in the office of chaplain. Since he was eight years of age Mr. Miller has licen entirely dependent upon his own efforts ami he may justly he called a self-made man.

0O R MAN W. HOLE. M. IX, a leading physician and one of the representative citizens of North Jackson, was Ixirn May .23. 1869, near Augusta, in ("arroil County, Ohio, and is a son of Caleb ami Sophia (Miller) Hole.

Caleb Hole was born alx'iit tSjj. in Carroll Count v. Ohio, and i* still living at the advanced age of 80 years. His jwrents. John and Catherine i I lanna I Hole, came from Virginia to Ohio, and wire among the early pioneers of the state. Catherine I Hatina ) Hole, grandmother of Dr. Hole, and the grandfather .f the late Senator Mark A. I lanna. were brother and sister. Sophia (Miller) Hole, mother of Dr. Hole, survives, in her (>Sth year. Her parents came t<> Mahoning from Columbiana Comity, Ohio. By a previous marriage. Mrs. Hole had two children, ami two children were U»rn to her marriage with Caleb Hole, viz.: Anna I.ula. who died aged 22 years, was unmarried: and Norman \V.

Dr. Norman \Y. Hole received his early education in the district schools of Carroll County, Ohio, and was reared on a farm. When almut 17 years old his father removed to Damascus, and there he graduated from the academy. He subsequently spent three vcars in the Western Reserve Medical College, and later entered the Cleveland College of Physicians and Surgeons, now known as the Medical Department of the Ohio Weslcyan University of Cleveland, where he graduated with the class of 1898. In the following autumn he located in North Jackson. Mahoning County, Ohio, and embarked in the practice of his profession, and has l>ccomc one of its eminent expments in this section. Dr. Hole is president of the North Jackson Telephone Company. His fraternal relations include membership in Lodge No. 343. Knights of Pythias, of North Jackson, and the Maccaliees. of Rosemont, Mahoning County. Religiously, he is connected with the Disciples Church at North Jackson. Politically he affiliates with the Republican party, but is extremely Ii!)cra1 in his views. At present he is a member of the Jackson township school Ixiard.

Dr. Hole was married June 10, 1896, to Kllcna Cobl*. a daughter of Antasa and Anna M. (SchaerTcr) Cobbs. of Beloit. Ohio. Her grandfather. John SchaefTer, who still resi les near North Benton. Ohio, is prol«bly the most aged man in North Benton, having entered his lo-'nd year. He settled there when all that section was a dense forest. The paternal grandparents were Linsev and Anna Cobbs. Three children have been born to Dr. and Mrs. Hole: Bertha 'Anna. Donald Norman, and Alfred C. Dr. Hole lias a bright and intelligent family. They enjoy a Iwautiful and comfortable home in North Jackson.

\MKS PORTER McNEILLY. a leadmi; citizen of Ellsworth township, residing on his valuable farm of 85 acre-, was liorn on this farm February 1, 1X44. son of James and Flizabcth (Trimble) McNeilly.

The father of Mr. McNcilly was born in 1804. in Ireland, and was married there at the age of 20 years. In 1827 he brought his family to Mahoning County. Ohio, settling first in Jackson township, but later removing to the present farm in Ellsworth township. His children were eight in number, namely: John and Robert, deceased; W illiam, residing in Wayne township, Ashtabula County: Margaret and Flira, deceascil ; Samuel A., residing in Ellsworth township; Mary, deceased; James Porter, subject of this sketch; and Martha, who is the widow of Frank Fitch, and a resident of Ellsworth township. The father of the aliove-mcntioncd family, when he settled here, built a log Ivouse on this farm, and in that his children were l*.m. Here also the mother died in Novemlier. 1S70. aged 72 years.

James Porter McNeilly grew to manhood on his |)rescnt farm, ami was educated in the district schools and the Canlield Academy. He has <levoted himself to agricultural pursuits, and the longest time he has ever jiasseil away from his old home was the period, during the Civil W ar, in which he served in the Federal Army. He enlisted in 18(4 111 Company C, 155th Regiment. Ohio Volunteer Infantry. After serving his term of enlistment he returned t>> the farm, and for some years spent the winter seasons in teaching local schools.

On February 2. 1871, Mr. McNeilly was married to Jcrusha Fitch, who is a daughter of Richard and Nancy I Webb) Fitch, and a granddaughter of Richard Fitch, who came to this set-lion in 1800. in company with his brothers. W illiam and Charles Fitch. The mother of Mrs. McNeilly was six months old when her parents, John and Sallie Webb, came to Mali* using County. The children of Richard and Nancy hitch were: Francis, ile ceased; Jcrusha, now Mrs. McNeilly; Addic. residing in Ellsworth township; and Gilbert, who is deceased. Richard Filch died aged

To Mr. and Mrs, McNeilly were liorn two children: Francis Filch and Fannie Alberta, the latter of whom was Imni October 21, 1879, and died February 20. iHSi. Francis hitch McNeilly, the only son. was l>orn January 13, 1876, and died after a short but severe illness, in April, 1890, aged but 23 years. On September 28, 1808, he was united in marriage with Glcnadorc Noble, who is a daughter of ] Henry and Lucy Noble, of Rosemont, form- ; erly of Rock Creek, Ashtabula County. The untimely death of Mr. McNeilly was a heavy blow to his loving family and was felt as a lx-reavemeiit to the community, which had watched him develop from a manly youth into a man of sterling character. His friends were many, for he |xisscssed a beautiful, sunny disposition which attracted all to him, and those who knew him only in a Imsincss or social way, were impressed by his unusual ability, his excellent judgment and his personal integrity. There are many who still miss his hearty, cheerful greeting and the cordial grasp of his hand. His peaceful resting place is in the quiet shades of the Ellsworth cemetery. Mr. and Mrs. McNeilly reside in their comfortable nine-room residence, one of the many improvements he has put on the farm. Mr. McNeilly has liern a lifelong Republican. He is a memljcr of Kirkbride Post, No. 600, of the Grand Army of the Republic, of Berlin township.

0 ANT EL I. RICHARDS, a prominent cili/en of Goshen township, who served eighteen consecutive years as a justice of the |>cace, resides on his valuable farm of 77 acres, which is situated in section 23. Mr. Richards wasl>orn in Goshen township, Mahoning County. Ohio, October 12. 1843. and is a son of Samuel and l.vtlia (l'rown) Richards.

Samuel Richards was born 111 Warren ; County. New York, and came to Mahoning j County in 1830. settling on the f un 111 <,oSfi- ' en township now occupied b\ his «>i\ Daniel.

where he continued to live until his death in 1854. He was a son of Daniel Richards, a native of the state of New York. In the early days he was one of the pioneer school teachers and being a man of more education than many of his neighbors, he took a leading part in public matters. He was a Whig in politics and he served as one of the first clerks of Goshen township. He married Lydia Brown, who was born in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, and of their children the following survive: Stephen B., residing at Salem; Daniel I.; George A., residing at Elmira, New York; Hannah B., wife of Emmett Snode, residing in Stark County; and Huldah E., a resident of Goshen township.

Daniel I. Richards was reared in his native township and its schools provided him with a common school education. He has always given attention to agricultural pursuits and in . 1 1 1 L 1 1 1 hi general -arming lie carries. > m extensive dairying. His valuable herd of Jersey cows includes a number of registered cattle.

On January 16, 1883, Mr. Richards was married to Emma Fred, who was born in Belmont County, Ohio, and is a daughter of the late Thomas Fred. Mr. and Mrs. Richards have five surviving children, namely : Herbert F., Lola M., M. Grace, Lewis S., and Thomas W. Mr. Richards has given his children excellent educational advantages, one daughter, M. Grace, at present being a student in the Elmira Female College, at Klmira, New York, and the standing of the family has assured them pleasant social connections.

Politically Mr. Richards has been identified with the Republican party ever since his majority, and he has frequently been called on to serve in office, for eighteen consecutive years, as mentioned al»ove. being a justice of the peace, and also a member of the township board of trustees. On numerous occasions he has been sent as a delegate to important conventions, lxring in the confidence of the leaders of his party. lie is a man of progressive ideas and has always encouraged agricultural movements which promise to promote the welfare of the farming community, and is a charter memlier of Goshen Grange. Patrons of Husbandry. He is a member of the Society of Friends at Salem. Mr. Richards is a type of the self-made man, in that he was left with heavy responsibilities at an early age, being but 11 years old and next to the eldest son, when his father died.

(RSI1 'RACE W. SPEAR, who is largely M ^% identified with the fruit industry in L§ M ^osnen township, 's a,So a successful wmM agriculturist, residing on a valuable farm of 85 acres, which is situated in

[ section 32. Mr. Spear was born at Salem, Ohio, February 17, 1857, and is a son of Dr. Benjamin W. and Elizabeth (Ware) Spear. Alexander Spear, the grandfather of j time of the birth of his son Benjamin, in 1822. The latter came to Ohio and for about twenty years practiced medicine at Salem. On account of failing health, he turned his attention to the growing and handling of fruit, and in 1865, in order to advantageously engage in j for a number of years he was profitably engaged in buying and shipping. During his last ten years in Ohio he conducted his business under the firm name of B. W. Spear &

Horace W. S]>ear was eight years old when his parents moved to Garfield, where he entered the public schools, and he later spent a short time at Mount Union College, at Alliance. He carries on general fanning, but has his father's tastes, ami in the season pays much attention to the handling of fruits. He owns a warehouse at Garfield and buys and ships hundreds of barrels of apples all over the country. He is a well-known dealer all through the fruit belt and is a very highly valued citizen of Mahoning county.

.Mr. Spear married IsaU-lla Stanley, who is a daughter oi John and Hannah Stanley, former residents of Salem, hut now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Spear are mcnihcrs of the Presbyterian Church at Salem.

In politics Mr. Sjjear is a Repuhlicati. He has served for two terms as trustee of Goshen township and is a public-spirited and progressive citizen, taking an interest in all her public affairs. He belong- to the order ni Knights of Pythias, at Sebring, Ohio.

TKA 1UANKLIX M AXS1T FLD. The Mansfield family is of ancient origin and honorable achievement in all the walks of life down the line from remote periods in the pioneer past to the changed conditions of the progressive present. Though there are now representatives of the name m the various States of the Union, they radiated from one common center in the ancient Wellington! of Connecticut, where the connection clustered for many generations. The family is traced lack to Sir John Mansfield, who was born and died in Exeter, Devonshire, Kngland. His son, Kichnrd Mansfield, was bum m Kxetcr. Kngland. in \(nyt), settled in New Haven, Connecticut, in K>.Vi. and died January 10, 11.35. He married a Miss Gilliam.

Their son. Major Moses Mansfield, was born at New Haven in February, H>yj. married, in 1664. Mercy Glnvcr. and in 1097 married Abigail Vale. He was a picturesque personality in the early Indian wars, and went out as Major-General of the State militia, defeating the Indians in King Philip's war, and in his honor the name of the aboriginal town of Xawlicsetuck was changed to Mansfield.

His son, Jonathan Mansfield, was born in New Haven. February, i'Wi, married, in 170S. Sarah Ailing, and. later. Abigail Dontian. and died in January. 177;.

John Mansfield, the son of Moses, was born in W'allmgford in 174X, and married, in 1775. Lster 1-cwis. He was widely known as "Captain Jack," ami his memory is proudly cherished by his descendants for his distinguished services as a soldier and a patriot. He served for thirty-nine years in the military forces of Connecticut, being at different times a ineml>er of tlic Second, Fourth and Sixth regiments and securing promotion to commissioned officer in each. He entered the Revolutionary War in February, 1775, fought through all the terrible years "that tried men's souls, " and at its glorious termination held a commission as captain, which was conferred under circumstances that reflected great honor ujxm the iamily name. It was received from the hands of General W ashington himself, and states statically that it was given in reward for "coolness, firmness, and punctuality"' displayed by leading the "forlorn hope" that stormed and captured redoubt No. 10 at Vorktown, Virginia. This patriotic officer, twice wounded, was retired on a pension in 1814, and died in June. iS.'j.

He leit a son named Ira Mansfield, who was U>rn in W'allingford. in 1770, and married Sukey Kirtland. They settled at Atvvater, Ohio, in 1803; he was a member of the militia taking part 111 several Indian conflicts, .in : died hi 1S4.;

Isaac K. Mansfield, son of Ira Mansfield, was Umx at Atwater. Ohio, in 1.S00; he married, in iK^S. Lois II. Morse. Farly 111 life he engaged 111 mercantile pursuits in Poland. Ohio: he was also a commission and forwarding metcliant 111 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, He died m 1.S50.

Ira F. Mansfield, son of Isaac K. Mansfield, was born tu Poland. Ohio, in iS.ij. IV-idepassing through the common school grade- he had one ve.ir's course at Poland College. Mis schooling was suddenly ended by his suspension for violating the school rti'es bv attending a dancing party at President W illiam Mc-

Kiiilev's home, alter which he learned the moulder's trade with Van Hrockltn & Jones at Youngstown, Ohio. 1 Hit this occupation was changed In the outbreak of the Civil War. It was not to he expected that a descendant of soldiers and patriots would hold aloof at such an hour, and so we find young Mansfield at his Poland home, in August. 1S0J, as having enlisted in Company II. One Hundred and Fifth Ohio Infantry. Tun months later they were in the battle of Perryville. Kentucky. Company H lost every othcer. and, though badly wounded. Sergeant Mansfield took command of the company and was early promoted to second lieutenant. At tlie battle of Chick - aniauga lie was made first lieutenant, and for "'conspicuous bravery" in the charge and capture of lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge, was assigned as i|uartermsster on (Tellers I T homas's start' of the Fourteenth Army Corps with the rank of captain. His military service included Sherman's March to the Sea, 1 lie campaign through South and North Carolina aifl Virginia, with the final review at \\ ashiugton. 1). C. in 1805.

On his return to Poland. Ohio, Mr. Mansfield t .ok a half interest in (he I'.nck Store, but soon sold it and purchased the Cannel Coal Mines in Heaver County, Pennsylvania. Besides making various improvements there. Mr. Mansfield carried on a general store, and was postmaster. He is the owner of a large fruit orchard and lias joo acres of land at Xegley. Ohio, with large railroad mines and tire clay works. He was justice of the peace for twentyfive years and married over eight hundred couples. In 1NX7 he removed to lieaver. Pennsylvania, where his activities include those of piesidmt of the Heaver College, also of Gricrsliuig Academy; vice-president of the Rochester National Hank, and director of Wabash lines of railroads, lie was representative in the Pennsylvania legislature for ten years, and has reached the 3-'iid degree in Masonry.

On the nth of December. 1.S72. ira P. Mansfield was united in marriage to Lucy E. Mygatt. The children of this union are: Kirt land Mary I... and Henry IT on botany, having for several years chaperoned a club of lady school teachers in camping, and made a systematic study of wild llowers, insects and fossils. He has pub lished a work on the wild llowers of Heaver county. with notes and many illustrations. He is a memlier of the American Philosophical Society of Philadelphia, the A. A. A. Society of Washington, also several b'tanical clubs of Pennsylvania. Ohio, and Massachusetts.

HAXXOX JF.FFF.RSOX CLKMMLXS. one of the most prominent citizens of Jack><n township, who is engaged in general far ri>:>g on .1 line farm of 115 acres, was l«>rn July <j. 1850. in Jackson township. Mahoning County. Ohio, and is a son of George ami Fliza- I h'1 1 1 ll.ipkcy l (Temmens.

Nicholas Cletnmens. the internal greatgrandfather, was a soldier in the War of the Revolution ami among his treasured possessions was a cane, presented to him by (Ten. George Washington. The maternal grandparents were l.ipkeys, and the maternal greatgrandmother was a Miss Crow,

The paternal grandfather of Mr. Clemmens was Daniel Clemincus, who came to this count) from Pennsylvania, was one of the early settlers of this township and located on the farm now owned by D. R. Johnson.

George Clenimeiis. father of Shannon J., was b.rn in Jackson township, in itC'K. and died in February, HJ03, aged 75 years. He married Kli/aMh l.ipkey. who was also lx>rn in this township and is now in her 75th year. She resides on the old home farm with her son, Flmer E. Clenimeiis. Four children were Hun to George ami Flizabeth Cletnmens: William Weslev, who ilied aged i<> years; Charles A., who is one of the trustees of Jackson township, and a prominent farmer, married Josephine Mc.Mahon ; and Fhner F... who married Dora Moody, resides on the old home farm in this township native township. He has always followed farming and lir.st liegan housekeeping near his old home on his father's farm. In 18&; he purchased and located on the farm where he now resides, and is recognized as one of the most successful farmers and stock-raisers of this township, growing a great many hogs, cattle and sheep. Mis fine home is of the latest lyjK' of architecture ami is equip]>ed with all modern conveniences, and he has made many improvements on the place, including a large barn. 4-' by 53 feet.

Mr. Clcmmcns was married August 13, 1885. to Bertha Mc.Mahon. a daughter of John C. and Margaret I Carson I McMahon. They have one child. Neva Mane, aged nine years, who attends the public schools of North Jack- - .]i

Politically. Mr. Clemtnens is a Republican and has served for two years as a member of the -1 ..) aril u lack- m 1 - n-hip l'» - --- Mr. and Mrs. Cleminens are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church of North Jackson, of which he is also a trustee anil steward, and in which he has served as superintendent of the Sunday-school. Mr. Clcmmcns is a stockholder in the North Jackson Telephone Company.

COOPER, president of the T. and D. P. Cooper Company of Struthers. and also president of the Struthers Savings and fianking Company, is one of the learling men of Mahoning County and tielongs to one of the old and honored families of this section. Mr. Cooper was Kirn on his father's farm in Coits. ville township. Mahoning County. Ohio, and is a son of Roliert and Catherine I l'.nch mm >. C01 »per.

The Cooper family came originally from County Antrim. Ireland, the first settler 1> >c tt - iflg in in Franklin County. Pennsylvania. There David Cooper, grandfather of 1) P. Cooper was 1-otn. who subsequently married R el uvea and tliev wete the pioneers (,i tbe fantilv in Obi. .. David Couper was a civil engineer in Frederick

County, Maryland, and he made his first visit to Coitsville township. Mahoning County, in 1798. He returned to Maryland but came back to this section in 1K00, anil purchased 40c acres of land offered by the Connecticut Land Company. He built the usual pioneer log cabin, perhaps with more care than was necessary at a later day. but as this was very early, protection had to Ik* provided ln»n Imth Indian visitors as well as wild animals. It is said that through port holes in his house he frequently sliot game, as it wandered near. David and Rebecca Cooper reared a large family, their names as preserved luring as follows: James, Jane. Rebecca, John. Sarah, David. Eli7.*i. Margaret. Polly. William. Robert and Armstrong, the only survivor lieing William Cooper, who is a fanner of Coitsville township. David Coojier died May 1855, aged 94 years. He had l>een a soldier in the Revolutionary War. a member of Porter's Battalion, o: Lancaster County. Pennsylvania.

Robert Cooper, father of I) P. Cooper, was l»irii July 23. tXjy. on the farm his father secured in Coitsville township, on which he spent his whole life and died Novcmlwr 1 -. iKi/>. He married Catherine Buchanan, who was lx>rn on her lather's farm in Poland township, Mahoning County. October 21. 1831. and died June _'X, She was a daughter of John Buchanan, who married Rebecca Applegrtte. wb> >se father, James Applegate, was also a soldier in the Revolutionary War. serving with the Private Rangers, from

Bedford County, Pennsylvania. lie also served in the War of iSij. and died June jo, iJsJO. 111 Lilvrtv township. Trumbull County. Ohio. Rolvrt and Catherine Cooper had the following children: David Perry: Rebecca L-iiira. who married S. IV Calton. of Cirard, Ohio; Sarah J., who was a professional nurse, died in the line of duty, in March, 1907; and John A., who is a fanner and stock- raiser in Coitsville township.

David P. Cooper remained on the home farm until he was iS years of aye and up v» this time had lveen afforded but lew educational opportunities, his lather, like many other men of his day. regarding any schooling bc- yon<i tlie acquisition of the primary principles, unnecessary as long' as there was land to clear. The young man apprenticed himself for a term of three years with the Siegfried and Lcmley Company, now the Youngstown Carriage anil Wagon Company, and as he was ambitious, during this period he employed his evenings in advancing his education. During the first two years he attended the Fourth Ward night school and came under the instruction of Professor Wilson, and in the last winter he was a student in the business college conducted by W. A. Hull.

The following three years .Mr. Cooper spent working at his trade as a journeyman wagon and wood-worker in eastern factories, and .upon his return to Coitsville he engaged in a carriage business on his account, and alter aliout 10 years he entered into partnership with J. A. Cooper, his cousin. They entered into a carriage and wood-working business at Struthers. and in 1802 they incorporated the J. A. and D. P. Cooper Company, a business concern that is known all over the count rv at the present time as the Coojkt Clear Works, of Struthers, manufacturers of carriage gears. Mr. Cooper has been president and general manager of this company ever since it was incorporated.

Mr. Cooper has gradually enlarged the scope of his investments anil interests, and as a stockholder, is connected with a numlier of other prospering concerns. Since the organization of the Struthers Savings and Banking Company, in tool, he has been at its head.

On Christmas eve, 1877, Mr. Cooper was married to Mary A, McClellan, who is a daughter of Capt. David and Mary A. (Murray) McClellan. the former of whom was killed while leading a charge at Stone River, during the Civil War. Mr. and Mrs. Cooper have had four children, namely: Ralph, who is superintendent of the J. A. and D. I'. Coojkt Company, married Ina Faith Stewart, and lliey have one child. Mary Ina: Dahl IV, who is a graduate 01 the Harvard Law School in the class of \<i"7 Mary, who is a graduate of the Raven High School; and David Perry, who died 'February i;v 11)04. .''ged five years.

and successful man of affairs and that he has liccn the architect of his own fortune but commends him to his thoughtful fellow-citizens. He is noted for his public spirit and for his hearty co-operation in all that concerns the welfare of the section in which he has his home.

\MLT-:L JAMES, a well-known and pros[>erous farmer, was lx>rn in Goshen township, October 28, 1837. His ancestors were Quakers who came from I»wlon. Kngland. to America about 1680 in the time of the religious persecutions of Charles 11. They settled in New Jersey, afterwards going to Yirginia, where they lived for generations.

John James, the grandfather, crossed the mountains from Virginia to Ohio in 1801. He entered a half section of primitive forest land in Goshen township, Mahoning County, and with his wife, Martha (Bangham) James, of Hrandywine. Pennsylvania, settled upon it as a pioneer. Al>el James, the eldest 01 their 10 children, was born in 1802. He married, in 1825;, Hannah Garwood, of Culjxrper. Virginia. They settled on a hundred acres of his father's homestead which was subsequently their home. A family of rive children was born to them: Fnieline. Phclxr, Lydia, Samuel and Hannah K.

Abel James was a man of prominence in his community, public spirited and progressive. His early pilitical sympathies were with the old Whig party, whose leaders in this section of Ohio were Ren Wade and Joshua R. Giddings. Later he liecamc a Republican. He was active in the anti-slavery movement of the '50's, and his home was often visited by the anti-slavery agitators of that time. The neighboring old Ouaker town of Salem was famous as a stronghold of the advocates of universal freedom, and was one of the most active stations of the "L'nderground Railroad." which conveyed slaves to freedom in Canada. Alvl James's two surviving children are Hannah K. and Samuel. The former, who was for years a teacher in Cleveland, and principal of one of the public schools of that

Samuel James, subject of this sketch, married Nancy Margaret Wharton, daughter »i the late William C. and Margaret ( Davis) Wharton, the Whartons I icing one of the oldest and most prominent families of Smith township. He became a prosperous farmer and stock-raiser, retaining the old home farm until iH<>6, when he retire<l to a small hut valuable farm of _>o acres in Smith township. He still retains, however, the old homestead in G< shen. Mr. lames is highly esteemed as a man of ripe judgment and persona! integrity, keeping in touch with local, national, and world progress.

|L1.\S KENRE1CH. who resides in section in, Green township, where he owns a finely cultivated farm of 230 acres, is one i f the substantial men of this part of Mahoning County. He was born in Green township. Mahoning County. Ohio. 1-ehruary 15, 1831. and is a s.m of "Michael and Elizalicth (Dustman) Kcnreich.

The Kenreich family is of German extraction and the father of Elias Kenreich was lx.rn in Lancaster County, and tlie mother in Washington County, I'euusvbania, of parents who were born in Germany Extended and detailed mention of this prominent Green town ship family will found in the sketch of Noah S. Kenreich. in this volume.

Elias Kenreich w is reared with his brothers and sisters in Green township and they attended the district schools together. Elras cho>e farming a- his , >ccupation and has never regretted the vinif. hav ing met w it!l very satisfactory succc-s in the eultivatiim of his ];lnd and the raising of his cattle mil stuck. It has required a great deal of hard w-rk to place Ins large farm . .f 2%\o acre- in its [indent tine Condi!!' 11. but in his labors he has been assisted hv i i- capable mh'>, and they p. w mv:i a \ah.i- :d property

On April 1, 1875. Mr. Kenreich was married to Mary Kevser, who was born October X, 1X54, in Green township. .Mahoning Countv. Ohio, and is a -laughter of Jacob ami Lydia ( Heisy ) Kvser, the former of whom was horn in Mahoning and the latter in Columbiana County. Ohio. Mrs. Kenreich was reared mainly in Eairneld township, Columbiana County, where her parents moved in her childhood and w here lioth died.

To Mr. and Mrs. Kenreich have been born ten children, as follows: Rev. Charles H., who is a Lutheran minister, located at Scranton. Jack si n County. Mississippi; Emma A., who is a popular music teacher in Green tow nship; William W. and Walter I'.. both residing in Green township; Paul G.. attending the Lutheran College at Winficld. Kansas; ami Mary A.. E. Augustus. ISertha L., Martin (i. and Victor I... all residing in Green township.

Mr. and Mrs. Kenreich are members of the Lutheran Church at Youngstovvn. Mr. Kenreich his always liecn active in religious work and is ever ready to lend his influence to advance mural movements. In politics he is a stanch Republican.

HMR1AH WATSON YEAGER, a sub- WM a stantiai citizen and a pros]xTous IE \» B farmer and stock-raiser, operating one of the best-cultivated farms in Ellsworth township, consisting of 2(xi acres, lielongs to old pioneer stock of Mahoning County. He was ln>rn on the homestead farm in Ellsworth township. Mahoning County. Ohio. October 22. 187J. and is a son of William and Magdalina O'.roltst) Yeager.

had three children: William: Nathan, who owns the old Yeagcr place on which his father first settled; and George, who resides in Austintown, in the second lxm.se from Smith's Corners.

The mother of Uriah W. Yeagcr was born at Smith's Corners. Mahoning County, Ohio, in iXy>, and died of pneumonia, February jo, !'/>". Her parents were Daniel and Magdalina ( Fullwiler ) Brobst, the former of whom died in iX<i4. in his Ooth year, and the latter, in June. 1S5J. The children of Daniel Brobst and wife were: Charles, residing at Youugstovvn; Rachel, residing at Warren. Ohio; Mrs, Betsy Handwork, deceased, lormcrly of Beardstown; Mrs. Amanda Hammond, residing at North Maltimore ; Mrs, Susan Struck, residing in Austintown; Mag<!alina. deceased; Daniel, who was a soldier in the Union army during the Civil War and was a nag-bearer at the fall of Vickshurg; Mrs. Lucy Snyder, residing at North Baltimore; and Mrs. Mary L)ustnian, deceased, formerly of North Haitiin .re.

There were 1 1 children born to William Y eager and wife, as follows; lleman. residing in Berlin township, engaged in tanning, married F.I la Clay ; Joniandis. residing in I'.llsworth township, engaged m farming, married Clara Clay; \11nie. who married John Burkev. residing in Fllsworth township; F.dw.ird, who

Wood County: Perry, who died in infancy; Charles, residing 111 Hancock County until recently, when he moved to W<«*! County, where he is engaged 111 tanning, married Rett. a Ire. of tile former coiiutv ; letterson, residing at Henr<Ni. 'w n. W. * > 1 County, unmarried; Uriah W.: Da Pas. residing at Beardstown, engaged in [.inning for his brother; Raclicf. deceased, who mimed William Mu-er. . -t Poland township; and Sherman, residing at Newton Falls. Trumbull 1 in irrted Martha Dant'orth. The father of the above mentioned family -til! survives which he worked at the water works plant at Y>ungstown. Mr. Y eager has l>een engaged in farming ever since lie finished going to school, and his present land has been brought to a high state of cultivation. He raises corn, oats and wheat, and every year turns out a large amount of live-stock, hogs, cattle and sheep. In J 00 J he erected a residence which contains eight rooms, with halls and closets, w hich is a line type of the modern rural home, and in 1904 he still further improved Ins place by building his substantial barn. Mr. Y eager is unmarried. His family has always been identified with the Democratic party, but he is literal and supports those candidates he deems best qualified for office.

S | Ji sluj,, who has resided on his excel- WBS^S letu farm of H2 acres, which is situated in section 4. since tlie spring of iSc/). is also a survivor oi the C ivil War. Mr. Crumrine was liorn in Berlin township, Mahoning County. Ohio, August 23, 1831, and is a son of John and Susan ( Burget I Crumrine. The father of Mr. Crumrine was lioru in Pennsylvania and was of German extraction. He settled in Berlin township lie fore much clearing had been done and built his pioneer cabin in the woods which were then inhabited by wild animals The parents of David Cnnurinc have long since pissed away.

David Crumrine was reared in Berlin township and obtained bis education in the early schools. He followed farming as he grew to manhood and that has l>een Ins main occii]M(ion in lite. During the Civil War he served in answer to the call for 100-day men. entering Company G, 155th Regiment. Ohio Volunteer Infantry, holding the rank of corporal lie is a metiiljor of Kirkbride Post, Grand Army o> the Republic. No. 600. at Berlin, and served as its commander for almost three years ship. April 12. 1833. and is a daughter i.f Job ami Mary Ann (Swain) Cook. Job Cook was lmni in New Jersey am! was a son of Jacob Cook, who came to Mahoning County at an early day and settled in Green township, near N'ew Albany. The Cooks have always teen prominent and substantial people. Of their children, three survive: Mathias S.. residing at Council Bluffs, Iowa; Ascnath. Mrs. Crunirinc; and John B.. residing in Mahoning County. Job Cook formerly owned the farm on which Mr. and Mrs. Cmmrinc reside. He was a \\ big in his political sentiments in early days, but later l>ecame a stanch Republican. lie was one of the literal supporters of (he Goshen Methodist Episcopal Church.

Four children were tern to Mr. and Mrs. Crumrine, namely : Carrie V., who married Homer Woolf, residing at Atwater Station; Mary R, who married Wilfred Smith, residing at Tyrrell Hill. Ohio; Eva. residing at home; and J. I... residing at Cleveland. On January _>6, 1904. Mr. and Mrs. Crumrine celebrated their golden wedding. This was a happy occasion long to be remembered by the devoted children, grandchildren and close friends who were permitted to lie present. It was particularly enjoyable for there are, as yet, 110 broken links in the family chain.

Mr. and Mrs. Crumrine are valued members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. They have a wide acquaintance as both families have l)een prominent so long in Mahoning County, and they have many friends who honor anil esteem them for themselves.

mite som Insist of Struthers. and in one p:irt adjoins the corporation tine, was tern at Wittenberg. Germany. December 1828, and is a son of Barney and Catherine Grim. The lather was a small farmer and also carried on shocmaking. Hoth he and wife died in Germany.

Gallus Grim attended school in his boyhood in his native land, and then entered a grist mill, where he continued to work for 1 twelve and a half years, leaving, in 1853, j when 25 years of age. to cane to America. As his father bad died when he was but 14 years I of age. and he was the eldest son of a widow I and one of seven children, he escaped com- | pulsory army service. He settled first at Erie. I Pennsylvania, where he worked several years I as a teamster and then in the same capacity I for a couple of years at Greenville, when he came to Coshocton, Ohio, ami became a coal miner. After two years, about 1858, Mr. Grim came to Mt. Nete>, Mahoning County, where he worked in a coal bank for a protracted period. He providently invested his ; earnings in land, in 1863 buying his first 50 acres. He continued to buy parcels of land and to keep up improvement s. and in the panic of 1873. hought a farm which adjoined Ins former one, selling it at a largely increased figure at a later date. In 1800 Mr. Grim teught 83 acres adjoining his first purchase, of the Anderson heirs, on which he made many improvements including the building of a handsome residence, which is occupied by his daughter, Mrs. Tho dore Mack. His oldest surviving son lives on the old home place adjoining the second farm, and on it Mr. Grim has two dwelling houses, the new residence having teen completed in 1905. The two farms are operated together by Mr. Grim's ~ n a id sun-m-la \\ I hu mg hi- ictne » e.n --. after retiring from mining. Mr. Grim carried on farming and Mock-raising.

In 185S Mi. Grim was married to I .cua Voglebnrger. who died May tSijr. They had three children, namely; John, who died aged six wars; Catherine, w h< » married Theodore Mack; Christopher, who married Catherine Welch, has two children, (.alius and Mary.

Grim stands very high in the estimation of those who know him. His success in life is the direct result of industry, irugality and good management.

MIX J. THOMAS. M. D.. a prominent physician and surgeon at Y"ungsto\vn. with offices at Xo. 122 l'ast Wood street, has been a resident of this city since 1882. He was born in England, but was brought to America when a babe of six months, by his father, Rev. John M. Thomas, who was a minister in the Congregational Church.

Dr. Thomas lived in Xew York city for a time and prepared for the work of his profession at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, where he was graduated in J 881, and immediately entered into practice. From a short but successful |>criod of practice in Pennsylvania, Dr. Thomas came to Youngstown, and in the 24 years of residence here he has gained an enviable reputation for professional skill and has made many personal friends. He is a valued member of the Mahoning County and the Ohio State Medical Societies. He is also a member of the consulting lioard of the city hospital, lecturing on ol>- stelrics. For a jieriod of 15 years, from 1891 until Hjoo. he was city police surgeon. In 1888 Dr. Thomas was married to Mary Davis, and thev have three children, namely: Arthur, Helen and Louise. Dr. Thomas is a memlwr of the Plymouth Congregational Church.

Kill S SWARTZ, who has been a life :<.tig resident of Berlin township. II K I h is fallowed farming on his present [..mi if 84 acres almost since the close of the Civil War. He was born Xovemlier 18. 1833. in P.erlin town-hip. Mahoning County. Ohio, and is a son of Daniel and Dorothy (Lcnard) Swam.

his life was devoted to agricultural pursuits, residing both in Ohio and Kalamazoo County. Michigan, his wife dying in the latter State. He died at Alliance. Ohio. They reared a family of five children: Hughes. William A.. Charles. Jemima and Ann Elizabeth.

Hughes Swartz passed his ld>yhood days in Berlin township. In May. 1K64. he enlisted in Company G, 155th Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was mustered in at Camp Dennison, Ohio, where he was also mustered out when his term of service expired. Alter the war he engaged in fanning, and in 1875 purchased 71 acres of his present farm, to which he subsequently added 13 acres. He made many improvements, built a new barn and remodeled the house, and has carried on general farming ever since.

Mr. Swartz was married at the age of 25 years, to Hannah I.. Dustman, who was also born in Berlin township, and is a daughter of Daniel and Catherine Dustman, old settlers of Mahoning County. Two children were lx>rn to Mr. and Mrs. Swartz: Daniel and Charles P., both of whom died unmarried.

U OB F. KEEFER, one of Milton IT g township's representative farmers, I P residing on a farm of 126 acres, was s^S l»orn in 1844. north of Youngstown, in Liberty township, on what was known as Church Hill, and is a son of Jacob and Reliccca (Xier) Keefer.

Jacob Keefer was l>orn in 1802, in Pennsylvania, and after his marriage in 1827 came to Ohio, locating first in Caulield township, Mahoning County. He then removed to Liberty township, where he resided until the death of his wife. UeU'eca I Xier) Keefer, who was bun in 1802 and died in 1872. He afterwards went West, where hi< death occurred in iSSi). lie and his wife had to children, but three of whom arc now living.

erty township and at the age of -»J years, he engaged in farming on a tract of 65 acres which he had purchased from his father, lie subsequently sold this and in 1870 came to the township of Milton. Here he purchased his present farm of 126 acres, which is pleasantly situated on the kinks of the Mahoning River, and has since l>ccn engaged in tanning. He was first married in 1806. to Sarah Huffman, wlto died in 187J. Three children were lx>ni of this union, all of whom arc deceased. In 1873 Mr. Reefer married for his second wife. Mrs. Mary (Bowman) Gambcr, a native of Pennsylvania. She died in 1904 at the age of 70 years, leaving one child, Samuel (".anther, a son by her former husband. Mr. Reefer has an adopted daughter, Bertha, a cultured young lady, who was 1>orn in Milton, Ohio, in 1883. She is unmarried and keeps house for Mr. Reefer.

CXCAX McDOXALD. a well-known agriculturist, engaged in general fanning, stock-raising and fruitgrowing, resides on his excellent farm of over 73 acres, which is situated in section 28. Goshen township. Mr. McDonald was tiorn in Jefferson County, Ohio, February 25. 1840. and is a son of Charles and Mary (Scarlet) McDonald.

The grandfather of Mr. McDonald was born in Scotland, and settled in Virginia, where Charles McDonald was lx>m. The latter was married in Jefferson County, Ohio, and when hi* son. Duncan, was four years of age. he came to Mahoning County, "settling in Goshen township on a farm which is now owned by George Long. Both he and his wife died in this township. The two surviving member* of their family are: Duncan and ( 01a. the latter of whom married William Vcnahlc. residing in Go-heu township.

Duncan McDonald grew to manhood in Goshen township, obtaining a district school education. He has given his attention to agricultural pursuit- all his life, putting into use

Mr. McDonald was married i first) to Luesa Blackburn, of Goshen township, who, at death, left one son. Hervey H. On January 14, 1885, Mr. McDonald was married (second) to Mary Blackburn, who is a daughter of William and Elizabeth t Stanley) Blackburn, fonner prominent residents of this township. They have two daughters. Bertha E. and Rachel M. Mr. McDonald is a Republican. He is a member of the Society of Friends at Damascus, Ohio.

\MCEL A. RICHARDS, manager of the Struthers Furnace, located at Struthers. and vice-president and a director of the Struthers Savings and Banking Company, was born July <). 1844. and is a son of William and Man- Ann 1 Hcliawe!!) Richards.

William Richards was bom in Wales, where he learned the blacksmith's trade, and at the age of 18 years, came to America as a journeyman worker, remaining for a time in Cleveland and later working in the shops at Akron. Ohio, where he also ran a shop of his own for a short time. In 1845 he removed with his wife and child to Niles. Ohio, and a year later, to Brier Hill, which is now a part of Youngstown. Here he did the blacksmith work for the Warner & Phi I pott blast furnace. In 1851 he purchased a farm near Girard, ! Ohio, and built a shop on his land, where he did blacksmithing and b'ilcnnaking. He was rccgnized by this time as a highly skilled workman and in 1853 he undertook the management of the Warner-Philpitt furnace, at Prier Hill, which was then known as the Eagle Furnace, retaining the superintendentuntil iS:;. when he t » >k charge of the James j Wo. Vi Furnace. a'*o at Brier Hill, on a ' contract.

Richards cntercrl into a contract with them that expired in 1864. In 18^13 he entered into a co-partnership with (rcorge 0. Rice and a -Mr. Bergcr. and they lx.ught and repaired an old furnace and mill at New Castle, starting into business there as Keis, Richards & Berger. In the meanwhile, as Mr. Richards, on account of taking on himself new business responsibilities, was not able to complete the full period of his contract with Brown and Bonncll, he showed great confidence in his son, Samuel A., by putting him in as superintendent to rill out the remaining year. After William Richards had sold out his holdings at New Castle, he took his w ife, daughter and son and made a trip to Europe, spending a whole summer in seeing the sights of the Old World, returning in the autumn to the farm at Girard.

In i860 William Richards entered into partnership with David Tod. William Ward an I Joseph G. Butler. Jr., and they opened the blast furnace at Girard under the name of the Girard Iron Company, the furnace being located on the farm of Mr. Richards. He continued superintendent of the Girard furnace until 1870, when he sold out all his interests and going to W arren, Ohio. Ixuight the Packard and Rarnum Rolling Mill. He erected a blast furnace in connection with the mill, and the works were o]xrated under the name of William Richards & Sons, the junior mem- Ikts of the firm l>eing Samuel A., William Richards. Jr.. and I.. G. Lewis, the latter )>eing -'» son-in-law. Trior to this venture. Mr. Richards had been remarkably successful in all his business enterprises, but during the panic of 1873 the firm met with serious losses as diil almost every other in the same line, and it resulted in an assignment being made in 1875. This business embarrassment probably shortened the life of Mr. Richards, who died in March. 1870. His iron i>|>erating had l>een mainly in Eastern Ohio and Western Pennsylvania, and all through this region he was well known and universally respected. Eur wars he had been an authority and under him an army m" inm worker* had la-en trained. Ili< memory is siil| preserved as of :l man whose energy and enterprise did much in the direction of developing iron interests, and als. . of one whole personal integrity was never impeached.

Samuel A. Richards was educated in the common schools of Girard. Ohio, and the Warren High School, w here he was graduated and during the winter of 1865-6 he took a business course in the Bryant & Stratton Commercial College, at Cleveland. He was anxious to perfect his business education, and in order to learn something concerning the principles and methods of banking, he entered the employ of the Wasson, Everett & Company Rank, at Cleveland, where he remained for six months in the capacity of bookkeeper.

Alxmt this time the furnace which was later known as the Girard Iron Works, was l>eing constructed by his father and other capitalists of Girard. ami he left Cleveland and joined his father in order to give him his assistance. Subsequently, as mentioned almve, he liecatnc a mcndier of the firm of William Richards & Sons, at Warren. Ohio, and after the failure of this enterprise, lie went to Cleveland. September I, 1875. as superintendent of the Cleveland Iron Company furnace, remaining w ith that company until its failure in 1878. In July, of that year, he went to Preston County, West Virginia, where he took charge of a furnace for one year, and in July. |87<), he entered the employ of the Edgar Thompson Company, in the blast furnace department at Rraddoek, Pennsylvania, as chief accountant, with the understanding that he was to lie promoted upon the first opportunity.

In January. 1880. he accepted the superintendenev of the blast furnace department of the Illinois Steel Company, at Joliet, Illinois, where he remained for five years, resigning in 1885 in order to go into a commission business at Chicago. However, he had lieen so long connected with furnaces and identified with iron interests, that the new line did not satisfy his ambitions and he soon closed out his commission interests, l'or the succeeding seven years. Mr Richards traveled all over the I'nitcii States, in the interests of the owners, lull: individual and corporate, of furnace properties, visiting these and discovering existing troubles, and remaining until they were in gixnl working order and had become paying properties. He had an office at Chicago and acted also as an ore examiner and timberland estimator, his advice being that of an expert. It was while in this line of work that he met with a serious fall in the Tennessee Mountains, in 1890, dislocating his knee and making necessary the use of a crutch for more than a year, this being the real cause of his discontinuing the business. In 1892 he went to Duluth, "Minnesota, and took charge of the West Duluth furnace, but the panic of 1893 closed that property. lie then returned to the district in which his father had been so large an operator, and in association with \V. C. Kunyan, who is now president of the Strut hers Furnace, leased and operated the Sharon furnace, for eighteen months. In 1896 they purchased the Struthers furnace and Mr. Richards came then to Struthers as its manager. The officers of the Struthers Furnace Company are: W. C. Runyan, president ; George L. Fairbanks, vice-president : A. Grossman, secretary and treasurer; and S. A. Richards manager.

In 1869 Mr. Richards was married to Mary Shoenl>erger, of Warren, Ohio, and they have hail four children, namely: Harry T., assistant superintendent of the Struthers Furnace and a memlier of the village council, who married Sarah R. Homer and has had two children - Mary, deceased, and Florence M.; Jules (I., foreman of the Struthers Furnace, who married Lily Clark: I.ucy M., who died aged 13 years, and a child that died in infancy. Mr. Richards' portrait is presented in connection with this article.

J\\ ARD F. BARDO. whose fine farm of 75 acres, situated in section 4, Goshen township, shows the effects of ( ireful cultivation, is one of the leading agriculturists and enterprising citizens of this section. He was born in Goshen township, Mahoning County. January 20. i,W>. and is a sen of David and Sarah j. (Regal) Rardo.

David Rardo, father of Howard F., came to Mahoning County from Pennsylvania, when a young man, and has been a resident of Goshen township for many years. He was born in Pennsylvania 83 years ago, and is a son of John Bardo. He is one of the venerable members of the Goshen Methodist Episcopal Church, where his place is seldom vacant during religious services.

Howard F. Bardo was reared on his .father's farm in Goshen township and was educated in the local schools. He has devoted his attention almost exclusively to agricultural pursuits. He is one of the nine survivors of his parents' family, as follows: Charles, residing at Benton, Ohio: Howard F. ; Chauncy A., residing at Canfield; Susan, residing in Goshen township; Amos, residing in Berlin township; Lewis, Elizabeth and John, all residing in Goshen township; and Ettie, wife of Frank Waithman, residing at Patmos, Ohio. In 1886 Howard F. Bardo was married to Eva Strawn, who is a daughter of John S. Strawn, of Goshen township, a sketch of whom will be found in this work. Mr. and Mrs. Bardo have two children, Nora and Herbert.

Mr. Bardo is a Republican in politics and takes an active interest in public matters. He has satisfactorily served as judge of elections in Goshen township. He is a member of the Goshen Methodist Episcopal Church and for 10 years has been one of the church stewards.

MES C. BIRMINGHAM, general contractor and extensive dealer in real t.->t.'ite, at Youngstown, is ranked with the leading business men of this

After completing his education in the Youngstown schools, Mr. Birmingham engaged in a general advertising business in partnership with his brother. The firm does business under the style of Birmingham

Brothers. James C. I>eing the general manager. The business is an extensive one. covering sign writing, novelty advertising, souvenir cards and general contract work in printing. The brothers own a large amount of city really and the firm is recognized as a reliable concern in this line.

On April _>_', 1003, Mr. Birmingham was married to Anna E. Boyle, who is a daughter of »fohn Boyle, of this city, and they have one child. James C. Jr. Mr. Birmingham and wife belong to St. Columba*s Catholic Church.

In 1898, early in the agitation caused by the trouble with Spain, Mr. Birmingham enlisted in Company H, Fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and accompanied his regiment to the South, which was one of the first to l>e ordered to Porto Rico. The troops were alxwit to embark on a transjsort, when the order was countermanded. Mr. Birmingham was then assigned to the hospital service and. with two assistants, established and managed the hospital of Company F. at Fcrnandina, Florida. Alter the war was over, he returned to Youngstown and resumed business. Politically he is a stanch Republican and has served as a member of the Republican executive committee of the city. At one time he was a mem- Ixar of the city council. In all his efforts he has proven himself an able business man and a loyal, public-spirited citizen.

IIARLF.S A. CLEMMENS. one of the leading citizens and substantial iarmers of Jackson township, was born July id. 1851. in Jackson township, Mahoning Ouintv. Ohio, and is a son of George ami Elizabeth < Lipkey I Clemmcns.

The paternal grandfather. Daniel Clemmen s, came to Mahoning County from Pennsylvania, at a very early period, and was one of the early settlers of Jackson township, locating on the farm now owned by 1>. R. Johnson. He was a son of Nicholas C'enimens. who was a soldier 111 the Revolutionary War.