Duluth Township (part 14 of 15)

Nothing tending to the betterment of the community has failed to receive his consideration and effort. He served tw^o terms as a member of the Village Council and during the World war was actively identified with several committees to promote the sale of Liberty bonds, the raising of funds for Red Cross and other purposes. Mr. Klass is a Republican and a member of the Kiwanis Club, Algonquin Club, the Masonic lodge and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.

On October 14, 1897, he married Miss Frieda Hartman, of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, only daughter of August and Johanna (Weyrich) Hartman. They have one son, Frederick, born August 8, 1898. He finished his liberal education in the LIniversity of Minnesota, and during the war was enrolled in the Students' Naval Reserve Unit. He married Miss Hazel Hansen, who was reared and educated in this county and also attended the University of Minnesota.

W. H. Appleby. In compiling this volume of representative citizens of Duluth and St. Louis County occasion has been afforded to give the records of men in many walks of life; here will be found appropriate mention of worthy citizens of all vocations, and at t*his juncture we present a resume of the career of one of the enter])rising and successful contractors and builders of this city, where he has lived for a score of years and where he has attained to a high degree of success in liis chosen field of labor.

W. H. Appleby was born in Toronto, Canada, on the 18th day of April, 1861, and is the second child in order of birth of the nine children born to Mr. and Mrs. Guy Appleby, tlis father, whose death occurred in 1*X)8, was a prominent and successful building contractor. W. H.

Appleby received his educational training in the public schools of Toronto, and at the age of nineteen years was apprenticed to learn the trade of a sash and door maker in a factory in Toronto. In 1887, he came to the United States and was here employed at his trade as a journeyman up to 1900. He then came to Duluth and engaged in general contracting, in which he fhas met with a very gratifying degree of success, being considered one of the most capable and reliable contractors and builders in the city. Among his first contracts after coming here was the building of a number of first-class residences for the Lakeside Land Company, and since then he has erected many of the most expensive, substantial and attractive residences in the city, including the Siberstein home at Twenty-first avenue and First street, the Henry Abrahams home, known as "Oak Hall." at Twenty-third avenue and Third street, the Pattison home at Twenty-fifth avenue. East, and Greysland road, besides many others of a similar character all over the city, as well as business blocks, garages, etc.

Politically Mr. Appleby gives his support to the Republican party, and his religious affiliation is with the Congregational Church. He is a member of the Citizens' Club and enjoys a wide acquaintance throughout the city. ,

On November 2, 1888, in Duluth, Mr. Appleby was married to Mary McCullen, w.hose death occurred on February 11, 1911. To this union were born four children, namely: Marion, now the wife of E. M. Nelson; Hazel, the wife of A. E. Freedman; Howard, in the employ of the Oliver Mining Company, and Richard, who is a student in the Duluth High School. A man of high moral character, unimpeachable integrity, persistent industry and excellent judgment, he stands "four square to every wind that blows," and occupies an enviable position among his fellow citizens.

Harry W. Anderson is a graduate dental surgeon from the University of Minnesota, and in a few years has built up an exceptionally large practice at Aurora.

Doctor Anderson was born at Waite Park, near St. Cloud, Minnesota, August 21, 1896, son of William and Clara (Petersen) Anderson. His parents were natives of Sweden, were married in the United States and are still living at St. Cloud, his father being sixty-eight and his mother sixty-two. His father is in the repair department of the Great Northern Railroad at St. Cloud. Both parents are active members of the Swedish Lutheran Church.

The youngest of six children, Harry \V. Anderson was reared and educated at St. Cloud, and completed the work of the St. Cloud High School in 1915. While carrying his studies in the dental school of the State University he enlisted early in the World war and was attached to the Medical Reserve Corps. He graduated with the degree D. D. S. in 1919, and soon afterward located at Aurora. Doctor Anderson is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and is a member of the Duluth, State and National Dental Associations.

George T. Ayres, M. D. A long and able service has been performed by Doctor Ayres as a physician and surgeon at Ely, where he is one of the proprietors of the Ayres & Parker Hospital, and from 1899 to 1908 was assistant to Dr. Charles G. Shipman.

Doctor Ayres was born at Kalida, Ohio, in February, 1875, son of Samuel D. and Ann A. (Myers) Ayres, his father a native of Stark County, Ohio, and his mother of Putnam County, Ohio. The mother now lives with her son at Ely. Samuel D. Ayres was a first lieutenant in the Ninety-ninth Ohio Infantry, served with General Thomas at Chickamauga and his Hfe was shortened by the the arduous nature of his duty as a soldier. After the war he was a general merchant at Kalida and also filled the ofiice of justice of the peace.

Dr. George T. Ayres is next to the youngest in a family of seven children. His brother Lloyd is a physician at Glenview, Illinois. George Ayres graduated from the Columbus Grove High School in his native state at the age of sixteen, took ^his literary work in Wooster College at Wooster, Ohio, spent two years in medical studies at Western Reserve University at Cleveland, and in 1897 graduated from Rush Medical College of Chicago. He had one year of service as interne in the Presbyterian Hospital of Chicago, and since then his professional interests have been identified with Ely.

At Lincoln, Nebraska, in 1901, Doctor Ayres married Miss LTna M. Morning. They have three children, William, Florence and Jane. Doctor Ayres is a member of the St. Louis County, Minnesota State and American Medical Associations. He is a Knight Templar, thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, and is also affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, Modern Woodmen of America and the Royal League.

During the World war he was medical examiner for the local draft board, also a captain of the Home Guard, and on August 9, 1918, was commissioned a captain in the Medical Corps, being first assigned to duty with the Aviation Department at Scott Field, Illinois, then at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, and finally at Caruthers Field at Fort Worth, Texas. He was honorably discharged January 20, 1919. Doctor Ayres is vice president of the First National Bank of Ely. He was the first master of Ely Lodge of Masons, and has been a member of the City Council and for a number of years was on the School Board.

Calvin A. Dahlgren has spent practically all his life since boyhood in the big woods of the northwest. He knows the forest resources of this section from every point of view, from timber cruiser and lumberjack to the technical and important responsibilities of a guardian of the forest. His work has taken him into nearly all the big forest reserves of the northwestern states, but for a number of years his home has been at Ely, where he is supervisor of the Superior National Forest.

He was born at Anoka, Minnesota, May 25, 1880, and his middle name was given in honor of the town of his birth. His parents, Adolph and Inga (Lindin) Dahlgren, were natives of Sweden, where his father was employed as a forester on a large estate. The parents came to the United States in 1871, locating near Duluth, wtliere Adolph Dahlgren was employed on railroad construction on the first railroad to enter Duluth territory. Later he moved to Anoka and was superintendent of the planing mill of the W. D. Washburn Lumber Company. In later years he had charge of the retail lumber yard of Sawyer & Arnold at Paynesville, Minnesota. This veteran lumberman died September 1, 1908, at the age of seventy-nine, and his wife died in the spring of 1913, at the age of seventy-eight. They were devout Lutherans in religion.

Of their six children Calvin A. was the fifth in age. He remained in the public schools at Anoka until he reached the seventh grade, and then, at the age of sixteen, ran away from home and had some moiUhs of sightseeing and ex])erience in the Dakotas and Montana. After nine months he returned home and resumed his work, finishing the studies of the eighth grade. For a year after leaving school he was employed in the North Star Boot and Shoe factory, and then sought the line of work for which all his talents seem to have best fitted him. He hired out for wages of $30 a month with the firm of John Goss & Sons and spent a winter in the logging camps on the headwaters of Run River in northern Minnesota. From 1899 to 1904 Mr. Dahlgren was in the service of the State of Minnesota as a scaler. In 1904 he became scaler under the Federal Department of the Interior on ceded Indian lands in Minnesota. In 1909 he became a forest guard in the National Forest and the same year took the civil service examination and was appointed forest ranger with headquarters at Ely. In January, 1913, Mr. Dahlgren went to the Coeur d' Alene district of Idaho and subsequently, fol- Towing another civil service examination, was appointed lumberman in the h'orestrv service. In October, 1918, he was transferred to the district including Wyoming, Nebraska, Minnesota, Michigan and Colorado, with headquarters at Denver. Then in June, 1919, he returned to Ely as supervisor of the Superior National Forest. Under his jurisdiction is one and a quarter million acres of National Forest land.

This brief outline of his promotions hardly conveys an adequate idea of the tremendous energy Mr. Dahlgren has put into his chosen work and profession.. He is one of the three supervisors in the service of the United States Government who are not college or technical school graduates. He grew up in the woods, had the practical experience, worked alongside graduates of forestry schools, used his powers of observation and studied their methods, and every examination he passed successfully. His experience has been under all kinds of conditions, and he knows tihe character of the old-time lumberjack and also the timber thief.

Mr. Dahlgren is a popular member of the Ely community, is a member of the Forest Committee of the Commercial Club, a member of the St. Louis County Club and fraternally is a Mason and Yeoman. He married Signie Skoglund, of Ely. They have one daughter, Jane Audry.

C. Alton Palmer is well known in Duluth financial circles and has been steadily in the service of local banks since he left school. He became assistant cashier of the Riverside State Bank when it was organized and opened for business, April 12, 1919, and is now cashier of that institution, which has grown rapidly and has a capital and surplus of $60,000. Other ofificers are A. Miller McDougall, president, and Lewis G. Castle, vice president, while some of the directors are Julius H. Barnes, E. M. Lambert, Alexander McDougall and Ward Ames, Jr.

Mr. Palmer was born November 23, 1889, in Duluth, son of John A. and Mary Ann (Randall) Palmer. His father was born in Michigan and his mother in Toronto, Canada. His father is an engineer for the Northwestern Oil Company.

C. A. Palmer was the first born of three children, and was six years of age when his mother died. He attended the public schools and the Duluth Business University and at the age of sixteen went to work as a messenger boy for the News-Tribune. He was with that Duluth paper three years, and since then all his time and energies have been devoted to banking. He began as a messenger boy with the Northern National Bank, was promoted to bookkeeper, then to teller and to auditor, and altogether spent ten years in the service of that old Duluth institution. He left the Northern National on the organization of the Riverside State Bank in 1919, and January 15, 1920, was promoted to cashier.

He is a Republican voter, a member of the Duluth Boat Club and the Order of Elks. January 3, 1916, he married Miss Ora A. Englesby, whose father was a native of New York and whose mother was born in Wisconsin. They have a daughter, Mary Ann, born June 28, 1915.

Duluth And St. Louis County 897

Harry E. White. It is almost thirty years since Harry E. White, recently graduated from the University of Minnesota, came into the Iron Range district as an aspirant for the work and honors of the profession of mining engineer. In order to defray the expenses of his university education he taught in rural schools and various circumstances combined caused his return to that work and it has given him a permanent career, one of high honor and usefulness, though perhaps without some of the financial advantages and attractions of the profession of his first choice.

Mr. White has been superintendent of the Ely schools since 1912, and his service of nine years has resulted in a great advance in local education, the equipment of the school population with better buildings, and improvement in all departments. Altogether he has been identified with school work for twenty-seven years. Before coming to Ely, and not mentioning several rural schools in which he taught, he was superintendent at Little Falls, at Princeton, Minnesota, five years, at Warren three years and at Royalton one year.

Mr. White has spent most of his life in Minnesota. He was born at Sycamore in Kane County, Illinois, November 16, 1866, son of Edgar and Emma (Thurston) White. His father gave his active years to farming, and from Illinois moved to Clear Lake, Minnesota, where he died at the age of sixty-nine. His widow is now living in Minneapolis. Both parents were devout Methodists. They had six children : Frank P., a member of the Minneapolis bar; Harry E. ; Annie M., a teacher in Minneapolis; Mrs. C. D. Schwab, of St. Cloud; Mrs. C. E. Nickerson, of Minneapolis, and Daniel, who is chief clerk in the weighmaster's office at St. Paul.

Harry E. White was educated in the rural schools of Minnesota, attended high school at Monticello, and in 1893 graduated from the University of Minnesota. During his university course he had specialized in subjects that would give him a preliminary training for a career as mining engineer. On leaving the university in 1893 he came to the range country and for a time was connected with the government geological survey. At that time the Pioneer and Zenith Mines were being developed. Shortly afterward came the great financial panic and an almost total cessation of development work in the range country for several years, and in that interval Mr. White became permanently identified with school work. He is a member of the Masonic order, is a Congregationalist, and Mrs. White is a member of the Episcopal Church.

In 1895 he married Maud J. Galley, daughter of Henry Galley, of Royalton. . Mr. and Mrs. White have two children, Philip P. and Dorothy, the latter now a senior in the Ely High School.

The name of Philip P. White occupies a place on the honor roll of Minnesota's soldier dead. He was a graduate of the Ely High School and attended the State University, and early in the war with Germany volunteered, being sent to Jefferson Barracks and later to Fort Benjamin Harrison, Indianapolis. After his early training he was assigned to Ambulance Company B in the Second Division, with the rank of corporal. December 17, 1917, he embarked from Hoboken and on December 24 landed at Brest. He was given further training at Bourmont, France, and during the following year was frequently on battle lines at various sectors, including \'erdun, Aisne, Marne, St. Mihicl, Champaigne, Meuse-Argonne. I le was promoted to the rank of first-class sergeant . At the date of the armistice was at Sedan ready for action. After tlie armistice he accompanied the Second Division as part of the Army of Occupation, and while with tlic American forces in Germany he died of the

Julius Shanedling, who has gained prominent and secure vantage ground as one of the leading figures in the business activities of the thriving city of Virginia, has the distinction of having been one of the earliest merchants of this place, with the development of wihich his business has kept pace, with the result that his firm, in which his associate is his brother Morris, now controls a large and important trade, drawn from the entire section normally tributary to Virginia. He is in the very prime of his useful manhood and has the satisfaction of knowing that the land of his adoption has not denied him the opportunities for the achieving of the success to which he has earnestly bent his energies. He was born in Russian Lithuania on t(he 14th of April, 1871, and in the schools of his native land he continued his studies until at the age of fourteen years he completed a course in the gymnasium at Leibau - an institution corresponding to the high school of the United States. He was a lad of sixteen years when he severed the ties that bound him to home and native land and bravely set forth to seek his fortunes in America. On landing at Castle Garden, in the port of New York City, his cash capital was represented in the meager sum of $5. For the first six months he applied himself to whatever occupation he could obtain, but his ambition was to find a place in which 'he could by honest endeavor make advancement toward the goal of personal and business independence. He carefully saved his earnings and finally accumulated a sufficient sum to enable him to make his way westward to Minnesota. For a time he was variously employed in the city of Minneapolis, and with characteristic initiative and determination he made his first independent business venture by investing in a small stock of goods and setting out as a pack peddler. Advancement was his watchword, and finally he was enabled to open a small general store not far distant from Minneapolis. Within a short time, after a preliminary investigation in various localities of St. Louis County, he established his residence at Virginia in February, 1893, the town having been founded in the preceding year and much building construction being under way. Among the pioneer business places of the new mining town the saloons were most in evidence, both in number and volume of business. In March ]\lr. Shanedling opened a clothing store of modest type, and prosperity attended the venture from the beginning. He has since continued as one of the strong, popular and progressive citizens and business men of the town and though he has met with reverses, including the destruction of his store and its contents by fire on two different occasions, in each of which much of the business section of Virginia was wiped out, he has not faltered in his allegiance to the community or failed to recognize the promise which the future has given. His brother Morris, individually mentioned on other pages, is his coadjutor in the conducting of the large and prosperous retail business, in which they handle select and varied lines of men's clothing and furnishing goods, hats, caps, etc., and the enterprise owes its prosperity to fair and honorable dealings and effective service. The brothers now have two stores in Virginia and one at Eveleth.

Upon attaining to his legal majority Mr. Shanedling applied for naturalization papers, and after gaining full citizenship he proved himself duly appreciative of his privileges and advantages. He has been liberal and loyal as a citizen and is ever ready to do his part in the furtherance of measures advanced for the general good of the community. During the nation's pajticipation in the great World war Air. Shanedling served as a member of the local United States Defense League and was otherwise zealous in advancing and supporting the various war measures of the Government, He is a genuine "Booster" for Virginia, and has utmost confidence in its. continued advancement and still more important future. He is an active member of the local Kiwanis Club, and his political allegiance is given to the Republican party.

On the 10th of June, 1896, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Shanedling to Miss Annie Meyers, of Minneapolis, and they have five children - Harriet, Monroe J., Evelyn L., Ralph M. and Phyllis L. All of the children were given the advantages of the public schools of their native city and those of sufficient age have later been sent to eastern schools to obtain higher educational training. The son Monroe was a sergeant in the Students' Reserve Corps at the time of the World war, but was not called into active service abroad. The family is one of marked popularity and is prominent in the social activities of the home community.

Morris Shanedling is associated with his brother Julius, and they are numbered among the pioneer merchants and representative business men of Virginia, in which now vigorous and attractive city of St. Louis County they established themselves and opened a modest clothing store in the year 1893, when the place was little more than an obscure mining camp of the great Mesaba Range. Of Julius Shanedling individual mention is made on other pages of this volume.

Morris Shanedling was born in the province of Lithuania, Russia, September 5, 1869, and in his native land he received his youthful education in the common schools. He then became an assistant in his father's general merchandising store, and continued to be thus employed until he was twenty-four years old. He then came to the United States and joined his brother Julius, who had become established in business in the city of Minneapolis, Minnesota. It was in the year 1893 that Morris Shanedling thus made his appearance in the metropolis of Minnesota, and before the close of that year he and his brother came to Virginia and opened a clothing store on Chestnut street. They were thus numbered among the first merchants of the town, and here they have since continued to be associated in the mercantile business, in which they have kept pace with the growth of the community, with the result that they are numbered among the thoroughly representative citizens and business men of the city. Prosperity has crowned their well ordered efforts, and thus has been justified their faith in their adopted land, to which as loyal American citizens they pay unqualified fealty and appreciation. In 1905 the parents, Philip and Sarah Shanedling, joined the sons in Virginia, and here the father passed away in 1915, he being the first Jewish citizen to die in this city, and his widow being now a venerable resident of F.veleth, this county. Mr. Shanedling is a staunch Republican and is a liberal and progressive citizen. June 11, 1905, he married Miss Sarah Roflgers, of Chicago, and they have four children - Marion, Abraham, Ruth and Pearl.

H.ws C. H.wsEN. A pioneer of the Mesaba Range, Hans C. Hansen, a resident of Ilibbing who has achieved the distinction of success, came to this country through a desire to better /himself and won out through a long and persistent fight against adverse conditions.

He was born in Denmark Xovcmber IS, 1852. His parents were small farmers, and he grew up with limited advantages in every way. He had a will to do and a courage that sent him out on his own resources a stranger in a strange land. He came to this country in 1873, and for a time worked as a farm laborer near St. Paul. While he never got more than $26 a month and oftentimes much less during the summer, and in winter hauled ice at $10 a month for the Peoples Ice Company at St. Paul, he used his early employment as a means of acquiring a knowledge of the English language, also saved some of his earnings, and eventually bought a team and with this addition to his capital equipment started west for a railroad. Later he took small contracts and for twelve years was employed by the Great Northern Railway.

Mr. Hanson became identified with the Mesaba Range nearly thirty years ago. In 1893 he came to Virginia, where he had a small contract with the Winston Brothers to help build the railroad into Virginia. Later with the same firm he helped strip the Iron King Mine, about two miles from Virginia, and in the fall of the same year did the first stripping at the Mahoning Mine. The following spring he entered the service of the Winston Brothers, who had large contracts all over the United States, and for eight years was superintendent of construction for tihem on different branches of the Omaha Railroad. About 1900 Mr. Hansen returned to the Mesaba Range and superintended the stripping of the Jordan Mine and later the stripping of the Burt-Sellers Mine at Hibbing. In the spring of 1901 he became a partner in the firm of Winston Brothers &: Dear, and has been actively associated with that well known engineering and construction concern ever since. He is a man of action, aggressive, can be relied upon for success in practically everything he undertakes, and is implicitly trusted by his associates and friends in St. Louis County. Mr. Hansen was one of tihe organizers of the Security State Bank, and »has served as its first and only president. He is identified in a business way with various other concerns, and is a willing worker for everything affecting the welfare of his home village. In politics he is a Republican and is a member of the Lutheran Church.

At the age of thirty-three Mr. Hansen married Sara Lundegraf, who died a year later, leaving one daughter, Mabel Lillian, who lived only six months. On January 3, 1888, Mr, Hansen married Andrina Svensrud, of Norwegian parentage. The two children of their marriage are Lillian, who died June 18, 1909, at the age of fifteen, and Hazel, who married Fred Klass.

Joseph T. Vickers. The active business life of Joseph T. Vick- .ers in this country has been connected with the development of the iron industry of Michigan and Minnesota, which has stimulated interest in these localities and added largely to their wealth and industrial and commercial importance. His is a career eminently worthy of emulation. Commencing life in obscurity and modest circumstances, laboring even in boyhood in the mines of the iron district of England, with steady industry and the constant practice of economy at length he saw his arduous efTorts bear fruit, and has profited and today is in charge of the Belgrade Mine, which was opened at Biwabik by the New York Steel Company, and since 1912 has been owned by Pickands, Mathers & Co. Joseph T. \'ickers was born in the iron district of England in 1870, a son of Robert Vickers, also a miner, who died in England when his family was not yet reared to maturity. By the time he was twelve years old Joseph T. Vickers, who had developed into a strong and active lad for his years, was working in the mines of Lancaster, and he remained in that district until 1893, when he came to Michigan to join his mother and several of the family who, following the death of the father, had immigrated to the United States and found employment in the iron mines of Michigan. Skilled workman as he was, Joseph T. Vickers found no difficulty in securing work as a miner, and he was employed at Ishpeming, Marquette County, that state, until 1901, when he resolved to seek his fortune on the Mesaba Range, and came to Virginia, where he was made foreman of the Mornoces Mine. Later he opened the Mohawk Mine at Aurora. Subsequently (he was engaged in operating the Syracuse and Bangor Mines, and then came to Biwabik. A man of sound common sense, he has always taken a constructive part in civic affairs, for he has realized that if the solid men of a community neglect public matters they fall into the hands of the incompetent or dishonest. During his childhood and youth ihe had so few educational advantages that he is anxious to see that exceptionally good ones are provided for the children of Biwabik and throughout St. Louis County, and is not backward in making his opinions and convictions public. For a year while residing at Aurora he served as a member of the town council, and for seven years was chairman of the township board of that community.

In 1905 Mr. Vickers was united in marriage with Rose Shillman of Ishpeming, Michigan. They have three sons, namely: Mathew, Joseph and Arthur. Fraternally Mr. Vickers belongs to Biwabik Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and Duluth Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., at Duluth, Minnesota ; and is a member of Diamond Lodge, I. O. O. F. at Biwabik. In politics he is a Republican. One of his brothers, William Vickers, is also a resident of Biwabik and is leader of its band. Mr. Vickers' distinguishing characteristic is firmness,, combined with force of character, indomitable energy and executive ability, all of which have been potent agencies for his advancement to different places of trust and responsibility not only in business but public affairs. Although not born in this country, he is very representative of its spirit and devoted to its institutions, and rejoices in the fact that in it he is able to give his children advantages way beyond those his father afforded his offspring.

Fred Bavha is one of the oldest merchants from the standpoint of continuous years of service at Duluth. He has been a furniture dealer here for over thirty years, and his business is one of the landmarks of the city's commercial district.

He was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, February 15, 1856, a son of Lewis liayha. At the age of twenty-one, having finished his education and with a limited commercial training, he moved out to Huron County, Michigan, wihere after working on a farm six months he became a clerk in a general store. He remained there four years, and after a brief visit back to Philadelphia returned to Huron County, Michigan, and married Louise Febig. For four years after his marriage Mr. Bayha was in the commission business at Alpena, Michigan, and in 1&S7 reached Duluth, where he entered the retail furniture business on Nineteenth avenue and Superior street. While located there high water flooded his store and entailed heavy losses. He was in that first location three years and then for six years at 108-110 First avenue, West. In 1892 he took in his brothers, George and Phil, under the firm name Bayha & Co. His next location was on Superior street and First avenue. East, where he remained six years, then for ten years his store was on Second avenue, from which it was moved to its jircsent location at 226-228 West Superior. The firm have always done a large business, and maintain one of the best selected stocks in the north country.

Mr. Bayha is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, the .'Xncicnt Order of L'nitcd Workmen, the Independent ( )rdcr of Foresters and is a member of the Commercial Club and the Lutheran Church. By his first marriage he had four children, the two living being Fred, Jr., and George E. George liatl a period of service with the colors during the World

John H. Jeffrey is a prominent citizen of Tower and is chief clerk of the Soudan Mine of the Oliver Mining Company. He has ^he distinction of having been continuously in the service of this greatest iron ore mining corporation of the world since 1888. This service makes him a pioneer of the Iron Range country and he is widely known all over northern Minnesota.

Mr. Jeffrey was born in the county of Cumberland, England, September 1, 1864, son of John H. and Frances (Simpson) Jeffrey. When he was about thirteen years of age the family came to America. John H. Jeffrey was also a practical mining man and for a time was employed in the Central Mine of Keweenaw County, Mic^higan, later moved to Ishpeming in that state, and died when about fifty-five years of age. His wife passed away in 1900, at the age of seventy-three. John H. Jeffrey was affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and was a member of the Methodist Church.

Of his three children John H. Jeffrey, Jr., is the only survivor. He attended school before coming to America and finished his education in an excellent grade school conducted at the Central Mine in Michigan. When he was sixteen he accepted employment in the mine office at Ishpeming, being a bookkeeper for several years. Mr. Jeffrey came to Tower in 1888, and had successive service with the Oliver Mining Company as timekeeper, warehouseman, surface boss and since 1901 has been chief clerk of the Soudan Mine, he was aoout thirteen years of age the family came to America. Joihn

While he has given close and faithful attention to his business duties for many years, Mr. Jeffrey has aided at every possible point the welfare and progress of his community. He was a member of the School Board for twenty years and was chairman when the new school house was built. He is independent in politics, is a member of the Episcopal Church, for twenty years has been secretary of Vermillion Lodge of thirty years and is present mayor of Ely, practically grew up in the cop- Masons, and is also a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen.

In 1891 Mr. Jeffrey married Matilda Brown, daughter of John Brown, of Ontonagon, Michigan. They have three children: Roy F., an employe of the Duluth and Iron Range Railroad ; Edith, a teacher in the Gilbert schools, and Owen T.. who is employed at the Fayal Mine at Eveleth.

Henry Chinn, who has been a resident of northern Minnesota for thirty years and is present mayor of Ely, practically grew up in the copper mining district of northern Michigan, and has been identified with some phase of mining operations in Michigan and Minnesota since early boyhood.

Mr. Chinn, who is widely known over the Iron Ranges, was born in the town of Central in the copper district of Michigan November 25, 1866. His parents, James and Mary (Carter) Chinn, came from Cornwall, England, to America in 1864. James Chinn had been employed in the tin mines of southwestern England, and after coming to America he lived out his life at Central, Michigan, where he was identified with the copper mines. He died in February, 1914, at the age of seventy-two, and his wife passed away in 1910, at the same age. They were active Methodists, and James Chinn was a Republican and a Knight of Pythias.

Of the eight children of his parents Henry Chinn was the seventh in age. The public schools of his native town of Central gave him his early advantages, but at the age of fourteen he was doing regular duty as waterboy to the gangs who manned the drilling machines in the mines. For some seven or eight years he was employed in underground work at the mines and acquired a practical and technical familiarity with all phases of mining operations. He finally left the mines to get an education that would equip him for further advancement and progress, and during 1889-90 he attended the Cleary Business College at Ypsilanti, Jvlichigan.

Mr. Chinn came to the Minnesota Ranges and has been a citizen of Ely since August, 1890. During the first seven years he was supply clerk and then chief clerk for seven years for the Chandler Mining Company. With the organization of the United States Steel Corporation Mr. Chinn was assigned important duties in charge of Fee owners' interests, and in that capacity has been connected with the Iron Range country ever since.

His record as a good citizen is hardly less important than his progressive achievements in business. For two terms he was alderman of Ely and in 1920 was elected mayor. His administration has been characterized by a careful and economic handling of municipal affairs, and by special efforts to raise the standard of public morals through tlie elimination of questionable resorts.

Mr. Chinn for the past six years has also been an active and interested member of the Ely School Board. He is a member of the Old Settlers' Association, is an independent Republican, is a trustee of the Methodist Church, and fraternally is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias and the Modern Woodmen. In 1892 he married Miss Kate Ivey, daughter of WiUiam Ivey. They have two sons, Clarence and Harold. Harold was registered and in readiness for soldier duty when the armistice was signed.

R. R.AY Kreis. Without the efforts of the real estate men of any community it would be impossible for it to attain to any prominence, for its growth and development are largely dependent upon their exertions. Without their energy, vim and progressive ideas no locality will move out of the conventional routine ; outside money will not be attracted to it, and property will be worth little more year by year. With the advent of an enterprising, experienced man well versed in the realty business comes a growth that is remarkable, and so it is that the work of the realtor is counted as being among the most important factors in the life of any city. Hibbing is no exception to this general rule, and its progress has been greatly enhanced through the operations and publicspirit of the realty firm of Wring & Kreis, of whom R. Ray Kreis is the junior member, and a man of prominence in St. Louis County.

R. Ray Kreis is a native of Minnesota, having been born at Monticello February 28, 1878, a son of Robert and Sadie (Wellcome) Kreis. They were born in Maryland and Wisconsin, respectively, and Robert Kreis was a son of Henry Kreis, who was one of the pioneers of Minnesota, having come to the state and settled at the trading post of St. Anthony, since developed into the city of Minneapolis. From that point Henry Kreis went to what is now Monticello, but his arrival in that locality antedated the birth of the now flourishing little city. He followed farming until Monticello began its existence, and he then moved witii the progress of ihc times and became a merchant, opening a hardware store and conducting it for twenty years. Later he moved to California, but returned to Monticello, which continued to be his home the remainder of his life. Robert Kreis was but a small boy when his parents came to Minnesota, so he was reared in this state. The greater

R. Ray Kreis .had his early rearing at Monticello and there he attended the graded and high schools, and was graduated from the Northwestern Pharmacy College with the class of 1900, following which he was engaged in the drug business at Monticello, Minnesota, for five years. For the subsequent four years he w^as in the drug business at Duluth, Minnesota, and then in 1907 came to Hibbing, and until February, 1920, continued in the drug business. In March, 1920, he formed his present connections, and is now engaged in a real estate, business, specializing in South Hibbing property.

In August, 1902, Mr. Kreis was united in marriage with Miss Laura Mae Fuller of Monticello, Minnesota, and to them four children have been born, namely : Don, Marjorie, Bertram and Cora Patricia. Mr. Kreis is a Republican, and he has been a member of the School Board of the Independent School District No. 27 since August, 1919, and a member of the Village Council since March, 1920. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and the Commercial Club. A man of broad vision and open mind, he has been able to see the possibilities of his new line of business and is already making his influence felt in real estate circles, just as he has in civic matters, for he is a man of strong personality and able to accomplish what he undertakes.

Emil T. Sandi5erg, mayor of Aurora, and generally and affectionately known as Smalley, is a native of the Vermillion Range and has been one of the hard working, energetic and public spirited citizens of this section of northern Minnesota, earning promotion in his private business interests and contributing an exceptional service in public affairs and in many offices of trust and responsibility.

Mr. Sandberg was born at Soudan on the Vermillion Range December 1, 1885, son of Charles and Eureka Sandberg. His parents were natives of Svveden. On coming to America they first located in Vermont and from there moved to the Iron Range country in 1880. His father was an explorer in northern Minnesota and later established his family there. They were among the first permanent settlers of Soudan and are still living in that town. Charles Sandberg is now serving his sixth year on the Board of Supervisors of Brighton township.

One of the youngest in a large family of children, Emil T. Sandberg finished his school days in Soudan at the age of seventeen. He immediately went to work with a steam shovel outfit in the employ of the Oliver Iron Mining Company at Ely and Sparta. At the age of nineteen he was proprietor of a confectionery store at Ely. Three years later he moved to Aurora and continued in the confectionery business three years.

,Mr. Sandberg served two years as township treasurer, from 1911 to 1913, and since then has been a supervisor of White township and for two years was chairman of the board. He was first elected mayor of Aurora in 1916, and has been at the head of the municipal government for five successive years. For seven years he was a member of the School Board, two years of that time being chairman of the board. He was chief of the fire department thirteen years and has never failed to respond to the extent of his abilities to every call for public duty, whether in times of peace or in war. The material and civic progress of Aurora has been deeply impressed by his sound counsel and judgment. In 1917 he was a candidate for nomination for county commissioner. The

Duluth And St. Louis County 905

Fraternally he is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Elks, Mystic Workers, Yeomen, Moose and Modern Brotherhood of America. He and his family are members of the Peoples Church at Virginia. June 9, 1906, he married Miss Clara Rye of Ely. Their two children are Evelyn and Romeo.

P. M. Shaw, Jr. Duluth's veteran lumberman, P. ]\I. Shaw, Jr., was for many years closely identified with the lumber industry of northern Minnesota and northern Michigan, and in recent years has extended his operations to the Pacific Coast and to the South Atlantic states.

He was born in Clinton County, New York, June 23, 1863, and when he was six years of age his parents moved to Saginaw, Michigan, where he grew up in the heart of the Michigan lumber industry. He acquired an education in the public schools, and at the age of thirteen was working as a tally boy for a lumber company. Successively reached the position of inspector, and later began the shipping of lumber, the phase of the industry with which he has been especially identified through all the subsequent years. From Saginaw he came west to Duluth in 1890, and on l^ecember 6, 1890, opened a local office for C. H. Bradley, having active charge of the business for three years. He then began operating with his own capital, with offices on the third floor of the Lyman Building. During his career at Duluth he has shipped out approximately 2750 million feet of lumber. Mr. Shaw is now heavily interested in the Moor Land & Lumber Company, with extensive mills in Georgia, and has other important interests in Great Lakes vessels and cargo shipping on the Pacific.

On July 11, 1899, he married Miss Zillah Eaton. They have one daughter, Phyllis, born August 25, 1903, now completing her education in Mount Vernon Seminary at Washington, D. C.

Edward F. Burg. The Burgs were among the first families to locate at Duluth, and have been residents of the city for more than half a century. Edward F. Burg is a son of the pioneer, and has had a long and active business career. He is head of E. F. Burg Company, hotel and billiard supplies and soda fountain supplies, a line of business in which he has been engaged for a number of years and in which he is the leader in this section of the northwest.

Mr. Burg was born at Rockland, Michigan, November 24, 1865. His father, Herman Burg, was nine years of age when he came to America from his native (lermany, and in 1852 located in Illinois, later moved to Michigan, worked in the copper mines of that state until 1865, then lived at West Superior, Wisconsin, until 1868, and in the latter year moved to Duluth, then a frontier village at the Head of the Lakes. Herman Burg was the pioneer dealer in livestock and retail meats in Duluth. All his cattle were driven overland from St. Paul, and merchandise had to be hauled by ox teams. He continued in the butchering business until 1885, when he retired. He died I-^bruary 2, 1907, after having lived at Duluth nearly forty years. He took great pride in the growth of the city, was very public spirited, and a man who commanded the esteem of all classes. For two ternvs he was a city alderman. He was the father of five children, three of whom are still living, lulward F. being the second in age.

Edward F. lUirg ac(|uired his early education in the schools of Duluth. also attended a commercial college at St. Paul, and at the age of eighteen left home to see the world for himself. He traveled both east and west, over .\orth Dakota and Colorado, went to Xova Scotia, but his e.xperi- ence there convinced him that the people were a hundred 3^ears behind the times and he soon afterward returned to MinneapoHs and took up the business of botthng soft drinks. He finally moved his business to Duluth, and since 1906 has been in the business of handling supplies for hotels and billiard halls, and his place of business is at 20 West First street.

Mr. Burg is a member of the Shrine of the Masonic Order, the Ancient Order of United Workmen and the Good Samaritans. He is also an Elk, a member of the Duluth Commercial Club and the Boat Club, is a Republican voter and a member of the Congregational Church. In 1890 he married Miss Sarah Lloyd, a daughter of Joseph Lloyd of Duluth. They have one son, Edward L., who was educated in the public schools of Duluth and in the University of Minnesota.

Leslie W. Phillips is a native of Duluth, and was one of many active minded and energetic boys who were led by their fascination for automobile mechanics into the automobile business as a permanent career. Mr. Phillips now has a splendid business at Ely, where he is agent for the Studebaker, Kissel and Overland cars.

He was born in Duluth July 16, 1893, son of Cory M. and Sarah Phillips. His father is a veteran railroad man and is now connected with the freight department of the Northern Pacific at West Duluth.

Leslie W. Phillips was educated in the public schools of his native city, and at the age of sixteen went to work as a repair man for automobiles with a Duluth garage. He knows all the intricacies of motor mechanism and automobiles both inside and out, and that knowledge has stood him in good stead as a salesman and dealer in cars. From 1911 to 1913 he was in the automobile business with his father at Duluth. They sold the Michigan motor car.

On coming to Ely Mr. Phillips acquired the automobile business of P. T. Brownell, and has developed an extensive sale of the three standard cars he represents and has done much to organize and popularize the service in this district. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias.

In 1913 he married Miss Hazel lola Miller. Her mother, Mrs. Sarah Miller, is a resident of Duluth. The three children of Mr. and Mrs. Phillips are Margaret, Leslie W., Jr., and Lola.

William G. Pryor, cashier of the First State Bank of Tower, is a progressive young banker whose experience since he left school has been in banking circles. While a young man, he is one of the oldest native sons of the Tower community, where his family were pioneers in this famous mining section.

Mr. Pryor was born at Soudan March 22, 1886, son of Joseph C. and Alice (Smith) Pryor. His parents were members of the second company of families to locate at Soudan, reaching there in April, 1884. Alice Smith is a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. William Smith, who are still living at Eveleth, the former eighty-eight years of age and one of the veteran mining men of the Range district, having been connected with mines both at Tower and Biwabik. Joseph C. Pryor was born in Cornwall, England, while his wife was a native of Ishpeming, Michigan. He has long been identified with mining activities on the Range. He is now sixty-two and his wife fifty. He is a member of the Good Templars, a Republican and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Joseph C. Pryor and wife had five children: William G. ; Anthony D., connected with the Cleveland-Cliff Mining Company; Dulcie V., wife of Hugh G. Engstrom ; Percival, a railroad man living at Hibbing ; and Murdock G., at home.

Duluth And St. Louis County 907

William G. Pryor secured his early education in the public schools at Tower, Soudan and Eveleth, his parents being still residents of Eveleth. At the age of seventeen he went to work with the First National Bank of Eveleth, and quickly familiarized himself with his duties, was appointed bookkeeper, then assistant cashier, and in July, 1913, was called to the First State Bank of Tower as cashier, an office he has filled with complete proficiency and has been instrumental in increasing the prestige of this banking institution of the Range country.

August 8, 1912, Mr. Pryor married Hazel Nancarrow, daughter of Henry Nancarrow, of Eveleth. They have two children, Betty and William Glenwood. Mr. and Mrs. Pryor are members of the Episcopal Church. He is affiliated with the Masonic Lodge at Tower and also with tlie Independent Order of Odd Fellows.

Charles Eugene Everett is the probation officer of St. Louis County with jurisdiction over the Range districts. It is a position involving an important routine of duties, but to that routine Mr. Everett has given a vitality of function that has resulted in beneficial benefits that go directly to the heart of the moral and educational development of the entire community.

Mr. Everett was born on a farm in Martin County, Minnesota, May 24, 1874, a son of Charles Edwin and Lucretia N. (Chapman) Everett. His parents were born in Franklin County, Maine, and the Everetts are a family of Irish ancestry. Charles Edwin Everett went west with his family and farmed for a time in Allamakee County, Iowa, and in 1869 moved to Martin County, Minnesota. His was one of the first six families to settle in Manyasha township in that county. A practical farmer, he also achieved prominence because of his sterling worth and ability demonstrated by service in several county offices. His last years were spent at Hibbing.

On the home farm in his native county Charles Eugene Everett grew to manhood, acquired a public school education and a business college course, and as early as May, 1902, came to Hibbing and with others was engaged in the lumber business for three years. For five years following he was employed in farming in his native county, and for two years lived near Stillwater. The failing health of 'his father led to his return to Hibbing, and up to 1909 he was bookkeeper and clerk for Johnson Brothers. When the new City Hall was completed he was appointed secretary of the police department, and it was his efficient record in that position that brought him appointment as assistant county probation officer in July, 1912. In 1913 was enacted a new law providing two probation officers for St. Louis County, and since then Mr. Everett has been county probation officer with jurisdiction over the Mesaba and Vermillion Ranges, and with offices at Hibbing and \"irginia. Since tiien he has given practically all his time to his official duties, and has made the interests and welfare of the children of the Iron Ranges the matter closest to his heart. For years he has been a force in behalf of liquor prohibition, and during the World war was active in promoting Liberty loan and Red Cfoss drives. L^nable to enlist himself because of his age, he nevertheless volunteered and was accepted as a member of the Home Guard. For his various patriotic services he was granted a medal cast from a captured German cannon by the Government. He was el-ected and is now serving as a member of Independent School District No. 27 in Hibbing. Through his efforts was inaugurated the $2,500,000 school building (for college or high school) under ct)nstruction in South Hibbing, which will be t'lie largest in the United States.

Mr. Everett is a Methodist, is affiliated with the Masonic Order and the Independent Ordei* of Odd Fellows. On April 26, 1898, he married Josephine Louise Loomer. They have two children, Lyle Chapman, born April 21, 1902, and Leaette Wilhelmina, born August 11, 1913. ,

Martin Holterud is one of the veteran business men of Duluth, and has been identified with the painting and decorating trade and business throughout practically his entire lifetime. Though for many years he was a journeyman, in recent years he has been an active partner in the firm of John Hogan & Company, representing one of the most complete and adequate organizations for the handling of all classes of painting and decorating work in Duluth.

Mr. Holterud was born in Norway March 23, 1863. He w'as reared and educated and learned his trade in Norway, and in 1883, at the age of twenty, came to America. For a time he followed house painting at Pelican Rapids, later at Eau Claire, Wisconsin, and in 1887, a third of a century ago, came to Duluth. He continued working at his trade as an individual and journeyman until 1900, when he became associated with Mr. John Hogan and established the firm of John Hogan & Company, painters and decorators. This firm now maintains a complete organization of expert men and extensive capital and facilities for handling decorating and house painting contracts. Most of their time is devoted to fine residence work and interior decoration of business buildings.

Mr. Holterud is affiliated with the Modern Samaritans, the Sons of Norway and the Order of Woodmen, and in politics is a Democrat. On September 22, 1888, at Duluth, he married Miss M. Larsen. Nine children were born to their union, but only three are now living: Mabel, Mrs. J. M. Carlson; Alfrica, milliner; and Roy, an electrician.

Arthur Hanford is a native son of Duluth and one of its prominent business men, secretary and treasurer of the Hanford Construction Company.

The active 'head of this business for a number of years was the late Heber H. Hanford, his father. The Han fords are descended from a in Norwalk, Connecticut, in 1699. Later the family moved to New York, and there were representatives of the name among the soldiers of the Revolutionary war. Arthur Hanford in the maternal line has as an ancestor, Admiral Hopkins, the first admiral in the LTnited States Navy. Heber H. Hanford was a son of Harry Hanford, native of New York state, who in early life moved to Norwalk, Ohio, and followed t^e business of cabinet maker. Heber H. Hanford was born in New York state, spent many years in the lumber industry in northern Michigan, Wisconsin and Alinnesota, and first came to Duluth in 1881. From 1893 to 1908 he was in the real estate business, and in the latter year organized the Hanford Construction Company, which was incorporated with himself as president, his wife as vice president, and his son Arthur as secretary and treasurer. Heber Hanford died February 23, 1914. He was interested in many enterprises in Duluth and elsewhere. He married Miss Sarah Graves Osborn, a native of Ohio.

The Hanford Construction Company is a complete organization for the handling and development of real estate, including the building of homes. The company maintains a large and well diversified service, including architects and building facilities, and has all the financial connections for developing real estate and handling properties at every stage from the work of construction until the house or other building is turned over wi^h title to owner. The firm designed and built all the McDougall houses in Duluth, including store, bank, hospital and hotel, also the resi- dences of W. J. McCabe, W. C. Mitchell, Simon Clark, P. S. Anneke, L. L. Culbertson and J. H. Harper, to mention only a few of the more notable. The company also handled the contract for building of residences long line of Americans, beginning with Rev. Thomas Hanford, who settled for several companies, including the Lakeside Land Company.

Arthur Hanford was born at Duluth July 28, 1884, and was given a good practical education and has been active in business since boyhood. He is a member of the Commercial Club and the Real Estate Exchange, and his diversions are chiefly fishing and gardening. ( )n September 1, 1909, at Duluth, he married Miss Ell Rose Taylor, daughter of Dr. A. C. Taylor. Mrs. Hanford was carefully educated in the schools of Duluth and Simmon's College at Boston, Masaschusetts, graduating in the Domestic Science course with the class of 1908. Mr. and ]\Irs. Hanford have two children, Ruth, born June 23, 1911, now a pupil in the public schools of Duluth ; and Helen Gertrude, born April 2, 1916.

Anton Gorxik is one of the most esteemed citizens of Tower. His business is an essential industry in the meaning that j^hrase had in war times. Success has come to him through many years of unremitting energy and close application to his work.

Mr. Gornik was born in Jugo-Slovakia December 16, 1872, son of John and Annie Gornik, farming people of that section of southeastern Europe. Anton was reared on his father's farm, acquired his education there, and at the age of seventeen came to America, reaching Aetna, Pennsylvania, with perhaps two dollars in his pocket. For a time he was employed in the steel districts around Pittsburgh. A half-brother, John Gornik, preceded him to the Range country of northern Minnesota, where he was employed as a blacksmith with an exploration company. This half-brother sent Anton money to pay his railroad fare, and thus he came to the Range and went to work with an exploration company in and around Virginia at wages of forty dollars a month and board. He also did some mining. Not long afterward a company was organized to sell meat at Soudan and Tower. Mr. Gornik learned the butcher's trade and retail meat business with this organization, and later, taking a partner, he opened a shop of his own at Tower. At that time there was scarcely a beef animal raised in all the country around Tower, and all meat supplies were shipped in. For a number of years past Mr. Gornik has bought 'his cattle and other stock direct from farmers, and the slaughtering end of the business is now in the hands of his sons. He keeps a large and high class shop and has been in the retail meat business at Tower since 1903. He has worked steadily every day without a vacation for twenty-two years, and his rugged health is none ihe worse for that uninterrui)ted service.

Mr. Gornik married Frances Slabe, also a native of Jugo-Slnvakia. Their six living children are Tony. Joe, .Annie. Julia. Theresa" and Ralph. Mr. Gornik and family are members and staunch supporters of the Catholic Cliurch.

J.\Mii:.s MooxAN is one of the interesting veteran figures of railroading in northern Minnesota, and for twenty years past has been agent at Ely for the Duluth and Iron Range Railroad Company, and throughout his period of residence has shared in all comnuuiity undertakings for the advancement mid upbuilding of the town and district.

Mr. Moonan was born at Waseca, Minnesota. June 6, 1864, son of Patrick and Mary .Xnn Moonan. His father was a native of County Cork and bis mother of Queens County. Ireland, and both came to the United States when young people. They were married at Delavan. Wisconsin, and soon afterward moved to Wa.seca. Minnesota, where Patrick

Moonan homesteaded land at Elysian. He was a pioneer of Minnesota territory. Soon after the beginning of the Civil War he volunteered in a Minnesota regiment, leaving his family on the homestead. While he was away in the army occurred the historic Indian uprising followed by many massacres and a general devastation of frontier communities. An Indian who had received some favor from Patrick Moonan came to warn Mrs. Moonan of the threatened danger, and ^he was thus able to take her children to a place of safety. After some years on the homestead Patrick Moonan moved to Janesville, Minnesota, where he was in the hotel business four years, and returning to Waseca built and conducted a hotel there. In 1884 he moved to Minneapolis, and the family lived in that city four years, after which he returned to Waseca, where he and his wife spent the rest of their days. He died in 1899, at the age of seventy-eight, and his wife in 1895, aged seventy-two. They had a family of four sons and four daughters, and all the sons are still living and also one daughter. The son John is a former state senator and has tong been a prominent figure in Minnesota politics.

James Moonan grew up in Waseca County and finished his education in the W'aseca High School. After school he started to learn telegraphy with the Northwestern Railroad, but the superintendent advised him to go into another branch of the service. For two years he was in the operating or train service and for three years was in the general offices of the company. xA.t St. Paul he became identified with the Minneapolis and St. Louis Railroad, and earned a steady promotion in responsibilities and salary until he was made agent for the company at St. Paul.

It was in 1901 that Mr. Moonan accepted his present responsibilities as agent for the Duluth and Iron Range Railroad at Ely. His public spirited interest in the community has been continuous with his residence and railroad duties at Ely. For four years Air. Moonan was president of the Ely Burntside Lake Outing Company, an organization that maintains an ideal equipment, cottages and other facilities for tourists on Burntside Lake. He is also first vice president of the Ely Commercial Club, a body that has been the means of accomplishing a great deal of good in the improvement of Ely and the Ely district.

W^hile his brother. Senator John Moonan, is a Democrat in politics, Mr. Moonan has steadily maintained his affiliations with the Republican party. He is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias. In 1896 he married Miss Hattie A. Felt, of Alinneapolis, who died in 1911. Mr. Moonan's three sons are Willard J., now connected with the Proctor & Gamble Soap Company of Cincinnati ; George D., a machinist in the railroad shops at Ely ; and Lawrence G., a high school student. The son Willard is an ex-service man, enlisting in April, 1917, at the beginning of the war with Germany. He was trained at Camp Cody and went overseas to France with the 125th Field Artillery. He received his honorable discharge in February, 1919.

Fraxk S. Dane, superintendent of the Biwabik Mine, owned by the Tod-Stambaugh Corporation, has been connected with this property since 1893, first as a steam shovel engineer, from which position he has been promoted through others of trust and responsibility to his present one, and all through his own merits. He is one of the most efficient men of his calling, and understands every detail of his work.

The birth of Frank S. Dane took place at Lewiston, Wisconsin, July 14, 1862, and he is a son of Francis and Sarah (Terwiliger) Dane, the former of whom was born in New York state and the latter in Canada. They both died in 1895, he when seventy-four years old and she when sixty-eight years old. By calling Francis Dane was a farmer, and he came to Wisconsin in 1858 and continued to make that state his home the remainder of his Hfe. He and his wife had three sons and four daughters in their family. A brother of Frank S. Dane, William Dane, lives at Kinney on the Mesaba Range.

Frank S. Dane received his educational training in the country schools, and when he reached his majority left t^he homestead and went to Belle Plains, Iowa, and worked with a railroad grading outfit as foreman. Later he became foreman on the grading work of the Milwaukee Northern Railroad at Ontataga, Michigan, leaving there for Chicago, Illinois. There he was with Langdon & Company and helped to build a double track railroad from Chicago, Illinois, to Cedar Rapids, Iowa. From that line of work Mr. Dane branched out and for some years was occupied, very successfully, in doing steam-shovel work, continuing it until he came to Biwabik. His arrival occurred soon after the opening of the Biwabik Mine by the Biwabik Ore Company. The equipment was designed to operate a mine of this character and was hauled overland from Mesaba. Having spent so many years at this mine Mr. Dane's interest is naturally centered in it and its successful operation.

On January 26, 1891 Mr. Dane's happy married life was inaugurated when he was united with Fannie M. Utter, a daughter of Smith Utter. Mr. and Mrs. Dane were schoolmates and theirs is a romance begun when both were little more than children. There are three children in their family, namely: Royden S., who is a veteran of the World war, in which he served for eighteen months, of which six months were spent overseas, where he was promoted to sergeant, and was in training at an officers' training camp, preparing for his commission, when the armistice was signed, which prevented his further promotion; Helen and Marjory, both of whom are at home. Fraternally Mr. Dane belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias. Very active in local politics, he was a member of the Township Board for thirteen years, during eight of them being its president, and for four years was on the School Board, of which he was for a time chairman. During the late war he took an active part in war work, assisting in all of the drives and bought bonds and stamps, and contributed to all of the war organizations to the full extent of his means. He is a man who has always known what he wanted, and has gone after it in the right way, at the right time and in the right spirit. He may be properly classed as one of the most representative men of Biwabik, and no matter concerning the city is too small or insignificant for him to give it careful consideration, and if he is convinced that it needs remedying, takes pains to bring it to the attention of his fellow citizens and urge constructive action. His interest is not entirely local, for it includes the Mesaba Range, St. Louis County, the state and country, all of which in his mind are the best in the world.

Eli L. Hart has spent practically all his life in the region tributary to Duluth, either in northern Michigan or northern Wisconsin, and for many years has been a successful business man. His chief interest is the Hart Transfer and Storage Company, of which he is president and manager.

Mr. Hart was born in Calumet, Michigan, a son of James and Addia (Bourget) Hart. His father, who died in 1905, first came to Duluth in 1870, but afterward returned to Michigan. In 1881 he engaged in the teaming and contracting business at Duluth. and that business occupied the greater part of his remaining years. He was the father of eleven children, Eli being next to the youngest.

Eli L. Hart was educated in the Duluth public schools and the Duluth Business College, and at the age of twenty became a clerk in the Ameri- can Express Office at Duluth. After seven years he was made American Express Company's agent at Ashland, Wisconsin, and performed the duties of that position with fidelity for sixteen years. For seven and a half years he had charge of the American Express Company's office at Evansville and then returned to Duluth to engage in the transfer and storage business, associated with his brother. They organized the Hart Transfer and Storage Company, which is incorporated, with Eli Hart as president and manager. The headquarters of this company are at 17 North Fifth avenue, West. They have all the equipment and personnel for an adequate transfer and storage business, including many automobile trucks, warehouses and other equipment for light and heavy hauling, furniture packing, shipping and storage of furniture and other commodities. About twenty-fiVe men are in the pay of this organization.

Joseph Peterson, a resident around the Head of the Lakes for over twenty years, has always been recognized as a man of great skill and proficiency in the wood working trade and is a member of the well known contracting and building firm of Berglund, Peterson & Person, whose headquarters are at 131 West Second street.

Mr. Peterson was born in Sweden January 4, 1878, and was twentyone years of age when he came to the United States in 1899. Already perfected as a journeyman carpenter, he was employed in the mines of Iron Mountain, Michigan, for two months, and then located at Duluth, where for a time he was in a cabinet shop, subsequently in a sash and door factory, and spent two years in the West Superior Shipyards. For nine years he was in the cabinet shop of Scott & Graft, for one year was with the well known contracting firm of Anderson & Gaw, and five or six years ago became associated with Mr. Berglund under the firm name of Berglund & Peterson, which by subsequent reorganization became Berglund, Peterson & Person, contractors and builders.

Mr. Peterson is an active member of the Modern Woodmen of America and is a member of the Lutheran Church. In 1898 he married Miss Cora Allerey, a native of Sweden. They have two children, Violet E. and Joseph K. Peterson.

John K. Maki. A resident of Hibbing since December, 1896, John K. Maki gave nearly a quarter of a century of time, personal enterprise and industry to the commercial life of the village, and is still an influential factor in tlie community, though nominally retired from commercial affairs.

Mr. Maki was born in Finland February 21, 1872, and has achieved success in life after overcoming many early handicaps. His father, John K. Maki, Sr., came to the United States in 1881 for the purpose of establishing a home in a land of better economic opportunities, and was first employed in coal mines in Wyoming. In the meantime his son joined him in Wyoming, and afterward they went to Minnesota, where the father homesteaded a hundred sixty acres in Ottertail County. He converted this into a farm and subsequently bought another forty acres. As soon as father and son had accumulated sufficient capital they sent back to the old country for the wife and mother, whose maiden name was Lydia Ruohonen, and the remaining four children. The mother was born in Finland and her husband, Eric Suttergreen, was born in Sweden. When he went to Finland he changed his name to Maki. The reunited family thereafter lived on the farm in Ottertail County, and the parents speat the rest of their days in that community. Three other children were born- after the family came to America. John K. Maki, Sr., naturalized as an American citizen and was a staunch factor in the life of his community, serving as township supervisor for about fourteen years.

John K. Maki acquired a limited education in his native country and w^as about fourteen when he crossed the Atlantic Ocean to join his father. For a time he worked in the Wyoming coal mines and also on the homestead in Ottertail County. While living in the country community, on March 31, 1894, he married Miss Anna Katharine Hyrkas, a native of I'^inland, and who came to the United States in 1891. They began housekeeping at West Superior, Wisconsin, and from there in December, 1896, moved to Hibbing, where they have ever since had their home. In the Range country Mr. Maki worked at lumbering, then as an employe of the Oliver Iron Mining Company, was clerk in a grocery store, and subsequently joined his two brothers-in-law, Oscar Bay and Mike Salminen, in the grocery and meat business. Their first establishment was on Pine street, and later they developed a large market house on Third avenue. Mr. Maki also helped to organize in 1910 the Merchants Warehouse Company. He was interested in the operations of the firm, including a branch feed store, and in 1915 in the organization of the largest retail grocery house in Chisholm, where they also conducted a wholesale department. At Keewatin they also embarked in the retail grocery business. With these various enterprises Mr. Maki was actively identified until June, 1920, when he retired and now confines his attention to his various private interests. He is erecting a Ijuilding at the corner of McKinley and Third avenue.

For two years he served as a member of the Village Council at Hibbing, is a member of the Commercial Club, a Republican in politics, is affiliated with the Modern Woodmen of America, and he and his family are members of the Finnish Lutheran Church. Mr. and Mrs. Maki had seven children: John Albert, who died in infancy; Sadie Anna, wife of John Merton Moore, of California; Lydie Effie ; Eleanora Frances; Esther Elvera ; Arthur Rudolph, who died at three years ; and Hugo William.

Jacob B. Messner as a result of experience going back into boyhood is an expert in every phase of the provision business, and for several years past has been general manager of the wholesale and retail grocery house of Burrows-Lamson Company of Hibbing.

Mr. Messner was born in Calumet, Michigan, February 2, 1872, son of John and Barbara (Kohler) Messner. His parents were both born in (Tcrmany and are now deceased. John Messner came to the United States about 1852, for a time was employed in some of the Michigan mines, and in order to give his children better opportunities educationally and socially moved out to North Dakota and became a farmer. Finally he sold his property there and moved to Hibbing, Minnesota, where he now lives retired, his wife being deceased. Here he became a naturalized American, and has reared his family in full fidelity to American principles and ideals.

Jacob B. Messner accjuired his early education in public schools, chiefiv at Fargo, North Dakota. After leaving school he learned the meat business as a technical trade and as a business in every feature and detail, and for a number of years was in the retail meat business at Climax, Minnesota. .\bout 1906 he came to Hibbing and has lived in that city of the Iron Ranges ever since. .Xt first associated with his brothers, John, Christian and Andrew, under the name Messner T.rothers, he engaged in the meat and grocery business on Pine street. After the firm was dissolved Mr. Messner became associated with B. J. Burrows, J. R. Bresnahan and J. A. Lamson in establishing the present house of Burrows-Lamson Conip'any, and they probably do the largest business, jobbing and retail, in meats and groceries in Hibbing. - - ,

Mr. Messner has always distinguished himself as a public-spirited citizen and active member of his community, served in 1913 on the Village Council and since 1914 has been continuously in the office of supervisor of the town of Stuntz. He is a member of the Episcopal Church, belongs to the Commercial and Kiwanis Clubs, the United Commercial Travelers and the Order of Elks. September 12, 1893, he married Sarah Salverson. Two sons were born to their marriage, William John and Ernest. The son William J. was one of the youths of the Iron Ranges who made the supreme sacrifice of service in the World war. He was chief mechanic in Truck Company B of the Coast Artillery Corps. He was at the front in France, participated in some of the hardest drives after America entered the war, and probably from the effects of being gassed died in France on February 10, 1918.

Edward William Stevens, secretary of Duluth Lodge No. 133 of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, is one of the city's well known citizens, and for a number of years has been active in business affairs and in public office.

He was born at Duluth December 2, 1888, son of Richard and Emma Stevens. His father came to Minnesota from Nova Scotia, Canada, first locating at Stillwater, and thirty-four years ago moved to Duluth, where he lived until his death in June, 1917. The mother of E. W. Stevens was born in Bristol, England, where she married William Parfitt, and both of them came from England to Duluth thirty-nine years ago. Mr. Parfitt was a stone contractor and builder and died several years after moving to Duluth. In the two families there were nine children, Edward W. being the youngest of his mother's second marriage.

He received his education in the public schools of Duluth, but began earning his own living at the age of fifteen as bell boy at the Commercial Club. He was similarly employed at the Spalding Hotel, and at the same time was diligently supplementing his earlier educational advantages by attending night school. For nine years Mr. Stevens was in the service of the Oliver Iron Mining Company, doing clerical work in the offices of the various departments.

In the meantime he had become interested as a silent partner in the grocery business at Duluth, and seeing that it needed his more active cooperation he resigned from the Oliver Iron Mining Company in 1915 to become an active partner. This line of business not progressing to his satisfaction, in February, 1916, he joined the Duluth Police Department in the Bureau of Identification, and in June, 1918, became pawnshop inspector in the Detective Bureau.

Mr. Stevens for a number of years has been one of the popular members of the Duluth Lodge of Elks. He filled various chairs in the lodge, and finally it was decided by the officers and members that no better selection could be made for the office of secretary than Mr, Stevens, and he accepted that post in September, 1920. For the past eleven years he has also been a member of Palestine Lodge No. 79, A. F. and A. M., and is a Scottish Rite Mason.

James H. Ryan. It is not a new statement to make, in the words of the great essayist, Macaulay, that "the history of a country is best told in a record of the lives of its people," nevertheless, it is so true that it will bear repetition. The history of the state of Minnesota would read very differently to posterity were the records of the achievements of its notable men eliminated, and it is but just that they should be put in enduring type. In the great and representative county of St. Louis there are men of mark who in various avenues of usefulness have won honors and emoluments that entitle them to respectful admiration. Among them stands James H. Ryan of Hibbing, a member of the transfer and fuel firm of Ryan Brothers, comi)osed of James H. and Thomas F. Ryan.

James H. Ryan was born at Merrill, Michigan, October 13, 1879, one of the nine children of Thomas B. and Sarah (Haley) Ryan, natives of County Tipperary, Ireland, and Canada, respectively. Thomas B. Ryan was reared in Ireland, and came to the United States when twenty-three years of age, after having spent two years in Canada. He lived in the farming regions of Michigan until within recent years, when he retired from active life.

Growing up in Michigan, James H. Ryan was early taught to make himself useful while he was acquiring an educational training in the common schools. For three years he worked in the woods of Minnesota, and in July, 1898, came to Hibbing, and three years later became a driller for

E. J. Longyear, and remained at that work for seven years. In the spring of 1907 he, with his brother Joseph A., established his present transfer business, and in 1913 the brothers branched out and added the handling of fuel to their other occupation, and the firm is now engaged in both lines. Joseph A. Ryan was the first of the Ryan brothers to come to the "Range" country, and he died in the summer of 1918. Another brother, Tliomas

James H. Ryan belongs to the Knights of Columbus, the Kiwanis Club, and the Hibbing Park Board, being one of the representative men 'of Hibbing, and one in whom his fellow citizens place implicit trust.

On September 11, 1912, he was united in marriage with Miss Bessie B. Murphy, and they became the parents of the following children : Francis, Clarence, Russell and Edward. Mr. Ryan is always interested in public matters, and especially those pertaining to the betterment of Hibbing.

Albert E. Dyer. A long list of activities and associations make the name of Albert E. Dyer one of consequence and significance in the life anrl history of Hibbing. Mr. Dyer, who is a member of the firm Dyer & Lindberg, real estate and insurance, was on the ground in this part of the Iron Range and as a surveyor's helper ran some of the lines that marked the original townsite of Hibbing. From that time to the present, nearly thirty years, he has kept in touch with the local situation, and has a host of friends all over the iron district.

Mr. Dyer is of English and Irish parentage, being a son of Samuel Ci. and Letitia (Wright) Dyer. Mis father was brought from England and his mother from Ireland when they were children, grew up and were married at Toronto, Canada, and in early life Samuel d. Dver followed the sea as a sailor. ;\bout 1877 he moved to Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, homesteaded a hundred and sixty acres, and was profitably engaged in farming there until his death in 1917. He acfiuircd .\merican citizenship by naturalization, and held a number of local offices in northern Michigan. He is a member of the b'piscopal Church.

-Albert E. Dyer was born in Canada ( )ctol)er 31, 1872, being one of nine children, seven of whom are still living. He was five years of age when his parents moved to northern Michigan, and he grew up on the homestead farm there and ac(|uired a public school education. In 189). at the age of nineteen, he left the farm and came to Duluth. where he was employed as a helper in a civil engineering firm. About a year later, in 1892, he assisted R. VV. Nichols in running the lines and surveying the ground for the first townsite of Hibbing. As a civil engineer 'Sir. Dyer had varied professional employment for a number of years. He was an engineer for the Great Northern Railroad Company until he became one of the resident engineers in the construction of the Alborn branch of the Duluth, Mesaba & Northern Railroad Company. Upon the completion of that road in 19G6 he removed to Hibbing and entered earnestly into the practice of civil engineering and surveying as a profession. In 1910 he was elected surveyor of St. Louis County and was reelected in I9l2, altogether filling the ofiice for four years. In 1915 he was appointed county road engineer for the northern half of the county and looked after the farming and the laying out and supervision of the construction of county highways for two years.

In April, 1918, Mr. Dyer formed his present partnership with Oscar G. Lindberg in the real estate and general insurance business, and has since given that his principal time and energies. He was elected a member of the \"illage Council in 1917 and was reelected in I9l8, 1919 and 1929. He is a Republican, a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, Shriner, Elk and Red Man. and is a member of the Hibbing Commercial Club. July 26, 1909, Mr. Dyer married Miss Helen Crary, of Marquette, Michigan. They are the parents of one son. Jack Crary Dyer.

E. Eugene Esterly. The people of Duluth are too familiar with the career of E. Eugene Esterly for the biographer to call special attention to his record other than to give the salient facts in the same, for here he has spent many years and has gained a prominent place in the esteem of the people, being universally respected in the business world, for fair dealing has been his watchward in all transactions. Mr. Esterly is a native of Germany, where he was born in August, 1872, and he is the sixth in order of birth of the fourteen children who blessed the union of Mr. and Mrs. William Esterly. In his native land the subject's father was engaged in railroading, and saw considerable military duty, having served in the Franco-Prussian war. In 1879 he brought his family to the United States, first locating in Minneapolis, where he engaged in painting and decorating. In 1907 the family came to Duluth, where he spent the remainder of his life. While living in Minneapolis, the subject of this sketch spent five years in the employ of W. C. Leber, a prominent jewelry firm, and there he became an expert workman in the repairing of watches, and this one thing more than anything else has brought him many of his best customers, for his work has always stood the test. Mr. Esterly came to Duluth in 1892 and his first venture in business on his own account was on a modest scale, his first Shop being in an up-stairs room, twelve by fourteen feet in size, located at No. 5 West Superior street, but every customer who came to him was a satisfied customer, and thus his business grew from year to year until he was compelled to move into larger and more convenient quarters, moving to the Spalding Hotel block, where he remained sixteen years. Recently he has moved into and now occupies a fine salesroom at No. 421 West Superior street, where he carries a large and well selected stock of jewelry. Mr. Esterly has met with several financial losses and reverses during his business career, but has refused to be defeated and has won his way to the front rank of business men in his adopted city. His sales now aggregate about sixty-five thousand dollars annually.

On March 27, 1911, Mr. Esterly was married to Lola Pfautz, and they have one daughter, }^Iaxine Gertrude, born on April 30, 1912, and one son, E. Eugene, Jr., born August 12, 1920. Fraternally, Mr. Esterly is a member of the Modern Samaritans and the Knights of Pythias.

Duluth And St. Louis County 917

He is also an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. By a straightforward and commendable course he has made his way from a somewhat humble beginning to a respectable position in the business world, and has earned a reputation as a broad-minded and public-spirited citizen, which the public has not been slow to recognize and appreciate.

Kenneth Duncan. Through his profession as mining engineer Kenneth Duncan has been identified with the Range district of northern Minnesota for over ten years. He now lives at Ely and is superintendent of the Zenith Mine for the Vermillion Mining Company.

A native Minnesotan, Mr. Duncan was born at Fergus Falls November 13, 1887, son of Dr. William and Eva G. (Herrick) Duncan. He graduated from the Fergus Falls High School at the age of eighteen, and soon afterward entered the School of Mines of Minnesota University and completed his technical course in 1910. Almost immediately he came to the Vermillion Range as an engineer with the Oliver Mining Company. In 1912 he was associated with R. B. Whiteside on the Mesaba and Vermillion Ranges, with headquarters at Hibbing, and his experience covers much of the mining district of both Ranges. He has been superintendent of the Zenith Mine at Ely since 1919. Mr. Duncan is not only a master of the technique of mining engineering, but is a capable executive, and his hobby is the study of men and their adaptability to the tasks assigned them.

He is a member of the American Institute of Mining Engineers, is a member and a past director of the Engineers' Club of Northern Minnesota and is a member of the Masonic Lodge. In 1913 he married Frances Collier, daughter of O. F. Collier, of Fergus Falls, and they are the parents of one son, Robert.

Howard R. Weirick, M. D. His long professional service easily identifies Dr. Weirick among the live and progressive citizenship of Hibbing. He has carried the heavy burdens of a large private practice, has also done much hospital work, and has given much of his time to the duties of village president and other affairs.

Dr. Weirick, who is therefore one of the best known citizens of St. Louis County, was born at Washington, Pennsylvania, August 12, 1869. His parents were Israel and Sarah (Thompson) Weirick, the former of Cierman ancestry and the latter of Scotch-Irish stock. Dr. Weirick grew up on his father's farm in southwestern Pennsylvania, and gained his early advantages in a district school. His college education was ac(]uired in Washington and JetYerson College, where he graduated with the A. B. degree in 1893. By subsequent work he was awarded the Master of Arts degree by his alma mater. In the fall of 1893 he enrolled in the College of Physicians and Surgeons at New York city, now the medical department of Columbia University, and was graduated in June. 1896. During his senior year and for several months after his graduation he was an interne in Roosevelt 1 fospital.

Dr. Weirick has given nearly all of his professional service in Minne- .sota. lie located at St. Paul in January. 1897, practiced four years in that city, and two years of the time was assistant city phvsician. In l^Ol he moved to Virginia, and a year later to Hibbing. In addition to a general practice he is the oldest physician on the staff of Roosevelt Hospital, and is a member of the State. County. Range and American Medical Associations.

T3r. VVeirick served one term as a member of the X'illage Council and in 1906 was electe<l village president, performing his duties with such satisfaction to the citizens that he was reelected for five consecutive terms.

He sat as a delegate from Minnesota in the National Republican Convention of 1920 at Chicago, where Harding and Coolidge were nominated. He holds the title of colonel from the service on the staff of three governors of Minnesota, Governors Eberhart, Hammond and Burnquist. Dr. Weirick is a Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, and a member of the Elks. On June 6, 1914, he married Marilla Beatty, of EUensburg, Washington. They have an adopted daughter, Margaret E. Beatty.

B. J. Cook began his business career in Minnesota on an exceedingly humble scale, for many years was a merchant in Duluth, but is most widely known as the promoter and upbuilder of theatrical and amusement enterprises in Duluth, being secretary-treasurer of the New Grand Theater Company and the Cook Amusement Company, other members of which are Julius Cook and M. S. Cook.

B. J. Cook was born in Russian Poland in July, 1866, and came to America alone in 1884, at the age of eighteen. For a time he sold matches at St. Paul, Minnesota, also did railroad work at 75 cents a day, and on moving to Duluth invested a very modest capital in a retail clothing business. His business headquarters were on Lake avenue for ten years, and the following eight years he did business on an enlarged scale at 321 Superior street.

He entered the moving picture field in 1914, and in 1916 the New Grand Theater Company and Cook Amusement Company were formed. In 1920 there occurred a consolidation of these two Duluth concerns under the name Duluth Theater Company, which owns four of the best moving picture theaters in the city and much other business property besides. Mr. Cook is a public spirited citizen, and has given freely of his time and resources to the upbuilding of the city. He served one term as tire commissioner. He is a Republican in politics. On October 12, 1916, he married Miss Lillian Coehn, of Minneapolis. They have two children, L'^aac L. and Georgia Cook.

Clifford H. Oppel represents the third generation of a pioneer family of Duluth. His grandfather was one of the very first merchants on the site of the modern city. Clifford H. Oppel is a member of the firm of Hale & Oppel, mechanics, who have developed a highly efificient service chiefly for the benefit of automobile repair and reconstruction, the headquarters of the firm being at 217 East Superior street.