Muskingum County, Ohio - Chapter 45, 1892 (part 10 of 31)

In 1812 Levi Whipple and others obtained a charter to construct a toll bridge over the Muskingum, and he and Benjamin Tupper, Dr. Increase Mathews and Ebenezer Buckingham completed a bridge where the Third Street bridge now is, in 1813. It was an uncovered bridge, resting on piers which, raised about eight feet, now support the Third Street bridge. After a few years this first bridge fell down, and it was rebuilt about 1818 or 1819. It was again doomed to calamity, and burned on the night of May 27, 1845. The work of rebuilding was begun immediately. The piers were raised to their present height, and a bridge something like the upper bridge was erected upon them. The Main Street bridge was built soon after the Third Street bridge. The stone pier under the central part of the " Y" was finished by Jacob Houck in 1813. The wood-work was completed the next year. A portion of the east end fell into the river in 1818. This damage was repaired, and fourteen years later a part of this bridge fell again, with more deplorable results. "August 21, 1832," wrote Mr. Church, " a great freshet had drawn a large number of people to the bridge, apprehending danger of its being carried away; and, strange to relate, with this danger staring them in the face, many were on the bridge when about 300 feet of the east end of the bridge fell into the swollen torrent. Among those who went down into the angry tide were Ebenezer Buckingham and Jacob Boyd. Mr. Buckingham's body was recovered a few days after, about four miles below the city by Edmund Bliss, who received the reward of 8500 offered by the family." The wooden Fifth Street bridge, after a score of years' service, more or less, is getting untrustworthy, and is being replaced by a large and expensive iron structure, a little further down stream. The Sixth Street bridge, an iron structure of muchsolidity, is of comparatively recent construction. In looking over the records regarding the date on which the Main Street bridge was opened free to the public and the collection of tolls discontinued, some very interesting facts were obtained. Contrary to what is generally supposed, this bridge was not considered a part of the National road, and the state did not assume control of the bridge at the time the National road was given over to the control of the state. The bridge was built and owned by a company which also owned the Third Street, or what at that time was called the Putnam bridge. The attention of the state seemed first to be attracted to the Main Street bridge by the construction of the draw-bridge over the canal. It was in 1812 that the legislature passed a bill granting John Mclntire the right to construct a dam across the Muskingum river at the head of the rapids. In 1816 the same right was granted to the Zanesville Canal and ManufacturingCompany, which was incorporated in that year. In 1835 that Ohio river boats might enter the "upper" Muskingum river trade, the legislature passed a bill authorizing the state to purchase certain lands owned by the Zanesville Canal and ManufacturingCompany for the construction of a dam and a canal. The purchase was made in 1837, and the report of the commissioner of public works for the year 1842 says that the Muskingum improvement was completed and that boats could enter the " pool " above the dam at this point. In 1845 the state made an appropriation for an other draw-bridge, and still another was built in 1866, which was called a double draw, and for which the county commissioners appropriated 83,500. Main Street bridge was owned by a private company, and was a paying institution until 1852. In the previous year the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridge was completed, and a foot-path constructed along the south side of it for the use of the employes, to save them from paying toll. The general public was swift to use the walk and save the toll charged on the Y bridge. This was the one thing which led the company to listen to a proposal on the part of the state to purchase the bridge. Negotiations were pending for some time, and in April, 1866, the minutes of the county commissioners' meeting contain a copy of a petition from citizens, numerously signed, setting forth the fact that the state authorities were negotiating for the purchase of the south side of the Main Street bridge, but that the company which also owned the Putnam bridge refused to sell that portion of the Main Street bridge unless the county would purchase the Licking branch of the Main Street bridge and also the Putnam bridge. The petition asked that the commissioners purchase the two pieces of property in question. This petition had its immediate incentive in the fact that it was in 1866 that the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridge broke down, precipitating two locomotives into the river, and cutting off the free intercourse between West Zanesville and the city proper. No action was taken by the county commissioners at this date, but on May 4, 1868, the records show that the Putnam bridge was purchased for $16,000; and the Licking branch of the Main Street bridge for $8,798. The report of the auditor of state for the same year shows that the state purchased the main driveway of this bridge at a cost of $19,201. It was therefore in the latter part of 1868 that the collection of toll on both the Third Street and the Y bridge was discontinued.

Zanesville's first burial place, on north Sixth street, where the gas-works now are, was laid out in 1800. The second, which was donated in 1802, by Dr. Increase Mathews, and in which the donor's wife was the first person buried (June, 1802), is now included in Woodlawn cemetery. The Zanesville City cemetery, now known as Greenwood cemetery, was laid out in 1835, ancl bodies were removed from other grounds to it. The first burial there was that of Sarah Ann, wife of Jacob Stout, Sunday, October 24, 1835. The original tract was purchased from Richard Stillwell, March 5, 1835. Numerous additions have been made to it and it is now large and well improved. In 1869 the control of this cemetery passed from the city council to a board of trustees now known as the trustees Greenwood cemetery. The present board is thus constituted: C. Stolzenbach, president; David Hahn, treasurer; Edward Gigax, VV. M. Shinnick, Jr., secretary; Scott Roberts is the superintendent. Woodlawn Cemetery was opened by a corporation named "The Proprietors of Woodlawn Cemetery," which was chartered in 1850, the first officers of which were A. A. Guthrie, president; D. Applegate, treasurer; and Charles C. Russell, secretary. The improvements of the grounds began in 1851, under the personal supervision of the president. The cemetery was publicly dedicated in [853. Among the original stockholders were Charles C. Convers, Charles B. Goddard, Richard Stillwell, Hugh J. Jewett, A. A. Guthrie, the Buckinghams and others. The first graveyard of the Roman Catholics of this town was on the rear of the lot occupied by St. Thomas' church. The first person buried there was John S. Dugan, who was killed, as the result of his horse running away in 1825. When St. Thomas' church was erected, the dead were removed to the present Catholic cemetery, which was purchased for the church in 1835, by Bishop Purcell of Cincinnati, who dedicated it, and entrusted it to the control of the parish priest of

St. Thomas. Mount Calvary cemetery is under control of the Mount Calvary cemetery association, Rev. William Quinn, president; M. A. Kernan, secretary; Michael Maher, treasurer; Peter Curran, Andrew Quinn, Maurice Foran and Owen Tracy, trustees. Greenwood cemetery is situated at the northeast corner of the National pike and Cemetery avenue; Woodlawn cemetery at Woodlawn avenue and the Cooper Mill road; the Catholic cemetery at the northwest corner of the National pike and Cemetery avenue, Mount Calvary cemetery, on the National pike west of the city limits; the German Catholic cemetery, on the Wheelingroad east of the city limits; and the Hebrew cemetery on the National pike west of the city limits. There is another "city of the dead" that deserves more than a passing notice from a historian of Zanesville. That is the old graveyard at the head of Main street, which was probably opened as early as 1807. A Mr. Elijah Hart was buried there in March, that year. There the bones of John Mclntire were entombed until their removal to the grounds of the Mclntire "Home." As early as 1816, the town of Zanesville took charge of this cemetery.

The parks are among Zanesville's most interesting leatures. Mclntire Park is located at the corner of Mclntire avenue and Amelia street; Pastime Park on West Main; Putnam Park on the bluffs overlooking the city; Grant Park, located in the western part of the city, is a splendid resort covering six acres of ground beautifully shaded, and fitted up with all the accessories of a first-class resort.

The old records show that at a meeting of the town council June 5, 1814, an ordinance was passed, applying to the county commissioners tor permission to erect a public market house. The site chosen was known as "the public square," the same now occupied by the court house and jail. The petition was not granted, and the council decided to erect the buildingon Market street east of Court alley, and built a frame structure, fronting thirty-five feet on Market street and having a depth of forty-three feet. The contract price was only $150, and after its completion John L. Cochran was appointed market master at $50 per annum. As will be apparent to even the least thoughtful, this building was frail indeed, but it stood until January 24th, 1863, when it fell under the weight of the snow upon its roof, coming down with a crash and killing, wounding and maimingquite a number of persons, some of whom w ere prominent in the town. The present large brick twostory market house was erected in 1863-65.

The first payment toward its construction was made August I, 1863, and the last January 14, 1865. This structure contains, on the second floor various city offices. N. D. Savage is market master and meat inspector.

The police department is organized as follows: Chief - W. H. Sheppard; lieutenant - J. P. Evans; patrolmen - Wm. Williams, W. H. Riley, John Sherman, J. J. Ansel, Charles Freeman, George Clark, George Murdock, Thomas G. Parkinson, Wm. A. Clements, H. S. Hankinson, Ed. Pickerell, W. McLaren, David L. Toll, W. M. Hunnicutt, John B. Yueger, G. H. Kemper; watchman at Fifth Street bridge, Wm. Dennis. The department has headquarters at the workhouse building, where the mayor also has his office, and is equipped with a good patrol wagon and an adequate numberof horses. The administration of its affairs is able and generally satisfactory.

December 22, 1819, the Zanesville Express gave notice of a meeting of the subscribers to the fire engine company, at the court house, at 2 p. m. the following day for the purpose of organizing, electing officers and transacting such other business as might be necessary. The company was organized with forty members, fifteen of whom worked the engine while the others formed the bucket line. The company was made up of leading citizens and among the first to join were William Twaddle, Joseph Church, S. Deffenbaugh, James Culbertson, Michael Dulty, John L)ulty, Adam and John Peters, Nathaniel and Charles Wilson, Nathaniel Sprague and Richard and George Reeve. This company, called the Union Fire Pmgine Company, had ladders which were kept at the "fire company house," at the southeast corner of Fourth street and Fountain alley, and a dog named Minus that ran to all the fires and was something of a mascot; and they had everything their own way until 1836. On the 19th of November, that year, the "Merchants' Fire Company" was organized, with Elias Ebert as first engineer; Col. J T. Fracker was president; Bernard Van Horne secretary and treasurer; Isaac Campbell, second engineer; and Danjel Brush, James Raguet and Anthony Wilkins directors. The company was organized with 100 members, and each wore a conspicuous red badge with the letters "M. F. C." displayed upon it in gold. From 1836 to 1840 they used the old headquarters already referred to. The mayor's office and council chamber were overhead in the same building. The "Relief Fire Company" was organized January 10, 1839. There was a large membership, and the company started out with the following

L. Shinnick, vice-president; James Sheward, secretary; James Hazlett, treasurer; Robert Lashley, first engineer; John Printz, second engineer; standing committee: A. Printz, R. S. Adams, R. I. Morrow, Jesse Fox and Horace Granger. The first engine of this company was called the "Little Old Hydraulic," and stood side by side with the "Union" in the engine house. At the time it was the most efficient in town. The "Union Fire Company" was incorporated February 14, 1840, and existed until 1874. It had a large list of active members, and its first officers were the following: Joseph Johnson, president; Andrew Dawson, vice-president; James R. Kees, first director; Alexander Johnson, second director; John Gerwich, treasurer; Thomas Launder, secretary; John H. Printz, J. A. Tucker, Isaac D'Garmitt, Harrison D'Garmitt, Richard Drone and Henry Worstall, pipemen. Among the active and honorary members of this organization were many of the most prominent citizens of Zanesville in all walks of life. The company had a good library and made a feature of a mock court, in which one man is said to have been on trial every evening for a week, charged with a misdemeanor, while numerous witnesses were subpoenaed and attended, believing the court to be properly constituted and in every way regular. The "Hope Hose Company" was organized with a large membership, May 5,

1851. Its first officers were David Orndorff, president; John T. Redmond, vice president; Charles S. Parish, secretary; John Van Horne, treasurer; James and John Morrow, directors; William H. Shaffer and John W. Campbell, plugmen. The motto of this company was "Prompt Action when Danger Calls." A dog was attached to the organization also. His name is said to have been "Dash," and he is accredited with having had an analytical knowledge of the fire alarm and its workings. "The Star Hose Company" was organized with sixty members, May 1, 1852 and disbanded when the paid department was introduced. Its first officers were William Fox, president; John Stone, vice-president; James Cochran, secretary; E. L. Grigsby, treasurer; Henry A. Heritage, messenger; William Fox; T. G. McCormick and Isaac Cummins, directors. Its motto was "Our Impulse to Action." May 10, president; Louis H. Worrell, vice-president; William W. Wimmer; treasurer; James S. Ward, secretary. There were fifty members. This company was reorganized in 1871, as the "Reliance Hose Company," with Thomas Smith as president, Henry Kendall as secretary, Frank McKinney as treasurer, John Mills as messenger, Charles L. Grimm and William Maker as pipemen, and John Whitehart and Daniel Dugan as standing committeemen. The membership was forty. The name was again changed to the "Relief Hose Company." The city built a two story house for its use at a cost of $1,600. This organization finally disbanded in 1878, and was in a way attached to the paid department. "Rescue Hook and Ladder Company, No. 5," was an independent organization in 1854, and paid $1,200 for its truck besides building quarters for itself next to the court house. There were forty members, and they were called by some "kid glove" firemen, but they showed that they had good fighting hands in their gloves when 34 of them volunteered to help put down the rebellion. The officers were John Dymond, president; George James, first vice-president; Edward Wheeler, second vice-president; W. F. Raker, secretary; H. C. Lillibridge, foreman; Charles H. Ross, assistant foreman. "Relief, No. 7," was organized in the Seventh ward, June 30, 1870, with nearly forty members and the following named officers: William Godfrey, president; David Hook, vice-president; William E. Atwell, secretary; William Deacon, treasurer; Isaac Morgan and D. P. Mercer, directors; Charles Huff and Arthur Palmer, plugmen; Denton Graves, messenger; Samuel Murray and Albert Worstall, pipemen; R. Perry Bean, Newton Hall and Enoch S. Huff, standing committee. "Seventy-six Hose Company" was organized April 15, 1872, and occupied a building on Monroe street, in the Sixth ward, which the city erected that year. Two years later it disbanded and divided the proceeds of its property among the then active members. Its first permanent officers were Harrison Marshall, president; Jacob Fischer, vice-president; John J. James, secretary; George S. Fitz, treasurer; Daniel E. Giles, director; John Keeswell, assistant director; John A. Brennan and Frederick Fischer, plugmen; Richard Hocking, James Wallwork and Joseph Wise, standing committee; Nicholas Strauss, messenger; Robert McNabb and Jesse D. Fell, pipemen. "Neptune Hose Company" was organized May 17th and was accepted by the city May 25, 1872. It was an independent company, of thirty members, who declared their intention to act as a reserve and turn out only at large fires except in their own ward, where they would work at all fires whether summoned or not. It was thus officered: President,

Frederick Hirshy; vice-president, Peter Keck; secretary, Wallace Quigley; treasurer, Joseph Haffer; captain Frank Myers; assistant captain, Peter Shubock; messenger, Philip Huffman; standing committee, John Kreuter, John N. Steiner and F. Ryan. July 5, 1872, witnessed the organization of "Niagara Hose Company," who occupied a building in the Ninth ward erected by the city, until they disbanded March, 1876, and divided their property among the remaining twenty-two of their fiftyeight active members. The first officers were John Curtis, president; Andrew Farnum, vicepresident; John D. Jones, secretary; O. C. Farquhar, treasurer; H. D. Flanagan, and F. Olmstead, directors; S. Atkinson, William H. Ratliff, S. Greemiger and William Osmond, standing committee. "Rescue, No. 7," was organized December 29, 1874, gaining its membership from the "Relief," and was accepted by the city council January 1 1, following. This was an independent volunteer company and adopted the by-laws of the "Neptune." The first officers were Henry Minter, president; W. H. Gillingham, vice-president; P. Dugan, treasures; W. E. Atwell, secretary; L. Twaddle and Arthur Palmer, directors; S. PL Huff and P. Cullman, plugmen; Isaac Murray, messenger; J. Murray and J. Stowe, pipemen; James Douglass, Marion Varner and H. Dugan, standing committee. Until the spring of 1879 the companies still in existence received from the city $150 each per annum, which they expended in furnishing their halls on the second floors of the hose buildings. Plach secretary was paid $25 and each messenger $40 per year for his services. The volunteer companies were composed, tor the most part of the best men in town. As organizations they never received more than $215 per company per annum, to defray expenses. After years of service, when the demands upon their time became onerous and the city found itself able to afford a paid department, they gave way, and. by act of the city council, were disbanded May 26, 1879. The present department was organized under an ordinance passed by the city council July 24, 1824. It is efficiently officered, manned and equipped and has made an enviable record among the departments of Ohio. Its successive chiefs have been John McCor- mick, H.Shrimpton, L. F. Langley and John Ferrel, who has served since October 3, 1891. The department has besides the new central house, on Sixth street between Main and Market, five hose houses, four hose carriages, one combination hose and hook and ladder truck, one chemical engine, 3200 feet of hose, eleven fine horses and other necessary equipments. The five hose houses are located as follows: Hope, No. I, 121 Market street; Star, No. 2, North Seventh between Elm and Center street; Relief, No. 3, Keen, west of Fulton street; Eiagle, No. 4, southwest corner Marietta and Roe streets; Niagara, No. 5, southeast corner Putnam avenue and Madison street. Its buildings are valued at §30,000, and one of them, the central hose house, recently erected, cost with its site §16,000. The fire alarm telegraph system went into operation P'ebruary 20, 1879. At present it consists of one fire alarm repeater, forty alarm boxes and 24 miles of wire. The force is composed and distributed at the different hose houses as follows: No. 1- John Flynn, H. Carl, C. B. Church; No. 2 - Charles Hardesty, Lewis Rait, J, Baker; No. 3 - W. H. Mahler, J. W. Norman, W. H. Davidson; No. 4 - J. W. Bowers, A. Gibbons, J. Henderson; No. 5- Isaiah Morrison, E. L. Maxon, E. Baughman. There were sixty calls from October 3, 1891 to May 20, 1892; the loss on these did not exceed §3,200.

The Zanesville work-house was erected, by authority of an ordinance providing for the erection and maintenance of a work-house, and providing for the appointment of a board of directors thereof:

"Whereas, The honorable, the board of county commissioners of Muskingum county, has agreed to unite with the city in the erection and maintenance of a joint work-house, according to the statute in such case made and provided, and have agreed to appropriate as a beginning the sum of §5,000, and provide for the payment of the same by levy duly made; therefore

"Section 1. Be it ordained by the city council of the city of Zanesville, That there be and hereby is established a work-house jointly between said city and county, agreeably with the provisions of the statute in such case made and provided.

"Sec. 2. There shall be appointed by the mayor, with the approval and confirmation of the city council, at the first regular meeting of the council after the passage of this ordinance, or as soon thereafter as may be, a board of five directors, who shall be called "The Board of Work-House Directors," and who shall serve without compensation - one of whom shall be appointed for one year, one for two years, one for three years, one for four years and one for five years, respectively, and annually there after one for five years.

"Sec. 3. Said directors shall be subject to the direction and control of the city council, perform all and singular the duties prescribed by the laws of this state and the ordinances of the city council.

"Sec. 4. The site of said work-house shall be in the first ward of this city, on the lot and parcel of land situated on the southwest corner of South and Fourth streets, now owned by the city, and occupied by it as a place for the working of prisoners, and on which is located Power House No. 1; and the building thereon shall, so far as practicable, be utilized for the purpose of workshops, and such additional buildings ( including mayor's office, watch-house or city prison, and police station) shall be erected thereon for the purpose aforesaid as may be necessary and proper for the carrying out of the provisions of this ordinance, subject always to the approval of the city council. And said board of directors shall as soon as practicable, furnish and submit to this council plans and estimates of costs as to buildings proposed to be erected, and alterations and additions to those already constructed on said lot.

The building was begun soon after this date and was finished and occupied in January, 1885. It is a fine brick structure which cost about §22,000. The board of work house directors, 1891-92, is constituted as follows: George A. Stanbery, term expires April 9, 1892; H. C. Lillibridge, term expires April 9, 1893; Robert Silvey, term expires April 9, 1894; W. M. Shinnick, Sr., term expires April 9, 1895; Frank Myers, term expires Apri 1 9. 1896; R. S. Mershon's term expired April 9, 1891, and Frank Myers was appointed to succeed him for the term ending April 9, 1896. The officers are: President, George A. Stanbery; secretary, Isaac Humphrey; treasurer, A. V. Smith; superintendent, Hugh Fineral; physician, Eh C. Logsdon; guards: William Gilger, John Reynolds, George W. Durant. Regular meetings held on the first Thursday in each month, at 1:30 o'clock P. M. The standing committees are made up as follows: 1. Fi-

Following is a portion of the directors' report: " To the council of the city of Zanesville, Ohio, and to the board of commissioners of Muskingum county, Ohio: Dear Sirs:

We herewith present to your separate bodies the annual report of the board of work house directors for the year 1891, as required by law. The board has been as successful as usual in carrying on the work of the institution. The inmates, receipts and expenditures have increased over that of any former year. The average number of prisoners has increased, and the prison during the year was generally filled to its utmost capacity.

All things considered, the institution may be said to be practically self-sustaining. The total amount necessary for the expenses of the work-house during the year was $21,226.85, °f which Muskingum county paid $3,985.50, and the city of Zanesville paid $4,330.64. The balance was raised from the sale of brooms, and from other counties and corporations that have contracts with the institution. In return for the amount paid by the city and county as abov,e stated, the city received 1,671 tons of broken stone, which at a fair estimate is worth $1.75 per ton, or $2,924.25 ; $516.70 in fines and costs collected and paid into the city treasury, and the prisoners of the city prison were boarded by the work-house, which supplied

I, 277 meals during the year, reasonably worth $228.00. Muskingum county received 2,078 tons of broken stone, worth at the above estimate $3,636.50, and $508.61 in collected fines and costs. No deaths occured at the institution this year.

"The part of the institution devoted to the manufacture of brooms made and sold $9,631.83 worth of brooms, which was nearly one-half the income of the institution. The broom factor)' is under the management of Mr. Beymer, a practical broom maker, who has handled that branch of the work as well as could be expected, considering the peculiar circumstances attached to convict labor. The long term prisoners only are placed in the broom shop, the short term men are employed at breaking stone. The demand for the brooms exceeds the capacity of the shop, and the works are generally taxed to their utmost to supply the trade. In all cases where prisoners are worked over time, they are credited with the same on their commitments.

"During the year contracts for the care of prisoners have been made with Nashville, Ohio: Newcomerstown, Ohio, Woodsfield, Ohio; and Logan, Ohio. There are now twenty-seven counties and corporations that are sending prisoners here and taking advantage of the rates."

The city's efficient board of education is made up thus: James T. Irvine, president; J. Hope Sutor, vice-president; VV. M. Shinnick, Jr., clerk; George Rishtine, treasurer; First ward, Dr. T. J. Barton; Second ward, W. M. Shinnick, Jr.; Third ward, J. T. Irvine; Fourth ward, H. F. Achauer; Fifth ward, J. N. Carr; Sixth ward, George Rishtine; Seventh ward, A. F. Munson; Eighth ward, D. G. Willey; Ninth ward, S. L. Wiles; Tenth ward, J. Hope Sutor. The board of elections is thus organized: M.

D. Frazier, president; H. L. Anderson, secretary; John Morrow, H. L. Shryock, W. H. Johnson. Composition of the board of health: W. S. Bell, president ex-officio\ H. T. Sutton, M. D., health officer; Joseph B. Grannon, sanitary policeman. Members of board: T. J. McDermott, A. E. Starr, Albert T. Baker, James L. Holden, M. D., John S. Price, Rolla PC Silvey.

A little computation will convince the most skeptical that the manufacturing and jobbing interests of Zanesville combined will amount to about $10,000,000, these figures representing less instead of more than the actual business of the city. The classification of the different enterprises is as follows: - Manufacturing establishments, 134; wholesale houses, 42; retail houses, 640; miscellaneous, 149; grand total, 965. To give an idea of the diversity of her interests we annex a table giving an analysis of the trade and business of Zanesville at the present time: - Agricultural implements, 5; art stores, 2; auction and commission houses, 5; awning manufacturers, 2; bakers, 6; baking powder manufacturers, 1 ; balcony and railing manufacturers, 2; banks, 7; basket makers, 1; belting, rubber and leather, 2; bent wood works, 2; blacksmith, 12; blank book manufacturers and binders, 6; blast furnaces, 1; boat builders, 3; boiler works, 1; book stores, 3; boots and shoes, 4; bottling works, 1 ; box manufacturers, 2; brass and bell founders, 1; brewers, 4; brick manufacturers, 4; broom and brush manufacturers, 2; builders' hardware, 4; candy manufacturers, 6; canning establishments, 1; carriage manufactures and supplies, 14; china, crockery, etc., 4; cigar manufacturers, 26; clothing and furnishing, 6; coal dealers and miners, 13; coffee and spice mills, 2; cotton factory, 1 ; coffin manufacturers, 1 ; contractors and builders, 26; cracker manufacturers, 2; carpet houses, 4; doors, sash and blind manufacturers, 4; drugs, 15; dry goods, 17; dyers, 2; electric light companies, 1; engine manufacturers, 3; flour and feed, 13; file manufacturers, 1; fire brick manufacturers, 3; flouring mills, 5; florists, 3; flour sack manufacturers, 1; foundries,

For the establishment and maintenance of a trade and manufacturing center, the question of transportation is paramount to all other considerations. Zanesville is well favored in this respect. In the early days the Muskingum river gave her the benefit of a navigable stream which was of extraordinary service to the settlement. Later with the National road passing through the village with all of its travel, Zanesville felt that she had reached the height of transportation facilities, and at that time ranked herself as second only to Cincinnati in the Commonwealth. Railroads, however, in the present day, have superseded the old methods of conveyance and Zanesville to-day is a common and terminal point for seven railroads, viz,: Baltimore & Ohio, Pittsburg, Cincinnati & St. Louis, Bellaire, Zanesville & Cincinnati, Zanesville & Ohio River, Columbus, Shawnee & Hocking Valley, Cleveland, Akron, & Columbus, and Cleveland, Canton & South ern. Besides these a belt line road encircles the city and connects all the roads beside furnishing shipping facilities at the door of every manufacturing concern in the city. Combined they offer unequaled transportation facilities, as their branches and connections reach to every point of this country by the most direct route.

Business Of

ZANESVILLE is located near the geographical center, as also the centre of populalation and business, of Muskingum county. It is situated on both banks of the Muskingum river, and that portion west of the river is again divided by Licking river, the different sections of the city being connected by large and permanent bridges. It is on the meridian of forty degrees of north latitude. Its mean annual temperature is about fifty-seven degrees, showing that its climate corresponds with that of St. Louis, Cincinnati and Baltimore. The distance of the place from the more important points in Ohio are, by rail, as follows: Zanesville to Cincinnati, 170 miles; to Dayton, 123 miles; to Columbus, 59 miles; to Toledo, 183 miles; to Sandusky, 145 miles; to Cleveland, 137 miles; to Bellaire, 78 miles; to Marietta, 82 miles; to Marietta by river, 78 miles.

One of the chief items and indeed of leading influence in determining the value and attractiveness of a place for residence, as also its importance in a business point of view, is its accessibility. It is a consideration which at this day is neither overlooked nor forgotten, and as trade and commerce increase and population advances, it constantly gains in importance. In this particular few places possess advantages superior to Zanesville. Consider, for a moment, the position here commanded.

By means of the Ohio canal, Zanesville is connected with Portsmouth on the Ohio river, and Lake Erie at Cleveland, and all the principal towns and cities in the interior of the state situated on the canal and its branches. By the Muskingum river, affording a water capacity sufficient to transport steamers of from 275 to 300 tons' burden, it is connected with the Ohio river at Marietta, and from thence with all points on the Ohio, Mississippi and Missouri rivers and their tributaries. Steamers loaded at the Zanesville wharf have discharged their cargoes at Pittsburg and Brownsville in Pennsylvania, at St. Paul and New Orleans on the Mississippi, and at St. Joseph and Omaha on

Zanesville and its immediate vicinity possess facilities for manufacturing in nearly, if not quite, all the industries requiring skilled labor, it is believed, all things considered, equal, if not superior to those of any place East or West. In every item to be taken into account in the make-up of a manufacturing city comparison is challenged. It was the remark of the late John Quincy Adams made in reference to the water power here existing, that "Zanesville was the Lowell of the West." Henry Clay, in one of his letters, after personal inspection of the water power at this point, said: "The water power furnished by the James river at Richmond makes it the best manufacturing site in the United States save that at Zanesville, Ohio." These opinions were expressed before the era of coal and railway transportation.

The manufacturing interest of Zanesville are at this time its leading attraction. It is a growing interest and is imparting to the city a permanent and solid character, and placing it among the most prosperous cities of the West. The progress made in this direction has been rapid during recent years. Old industries have been enlarged and extended, and new ones added which bid fair to become large and prosperous enterprises. This stimulus to manufacturing industry is attributed to the fact that fuel and living are so cheap, market supplies of all kinds so abundant, the facilities for shipment so superior, and the location so central and generally so advantageous. Besides a more enlightened and liberalized sentiment than heretofore existed now prevails, and there is exhibited more of a disposition to encourage productive enterprises by furnishing money at liberal rates to aid in their prosecution.

foundries, its glass manufactures, its door and sash factories, its cotton and woolen mills, its flouring mills, its paper mills, the manufacture of burial cases, its stone and pottery ware and other great and useful enterprises.

Practically the history of manufactures in Zanesville has, in a former chapter been brought down to about 1820. It is here resumed, and as before, the different branches will, for convenience, be considered in alphabetical order. Previous to 1822 the proprietors of the Muskingum Messenger started a book bindery, which on the second of May, that year they sold to Ezekiel T. Cox & Co. In 1829 Ballentine & Son bought the Joseph Lattirnore brewery, which was on the site quite lately familiar as that of Miller & Co., pork packers, and continued the business until 1835, when the plant was converted into a flour mill. In 1835 C. F- Hass built the American House brewery, and operated it until 1841. Mr. Hass died about 1880, and John Classman bought the property. After continuing the business three years, he sold it to William Fox. In 1843 a brewery was built, near the head of Main street, by Christian I7. Achauer, which had a capacity of 3,000 barrels a year. Rev. George F. Goebel and Conrad Fischer built a small brewery on the northeast corner of Spring and High streets. Its subsequent proprietors were Rev. George F. Goebel, 1856; Keisner & Horn, 1856-65; then John A. Bremer & Co. Edward Didas began to brew in a small way in 1855. Conrad Fischer went into business again the next year. The firm of Fischer Bros, made 2,373 barrels of beer in 1874. In 1865, Adolph Horn, Frank Keisner and Adolph and Fldward Merkle formed the company known as Horn & Co. In 1869 the business passed to the ownership of the Merkle Bros.

The first hearse seen in Zanesville was .a primitive affair without trimming or lining, owned by Stevens & Mussellman. Louis Brenholtz, the first regular undertaker, began business in 1837. He had a hearse built by William Schultz. James Cherry, in Putnam, kept the first ready made coffins. E. N. Hatcher, who began here as an undertaker in 1867, not long afterward formed a partnership with John PI. Crooks, in the manufacture of coffins, which continued until 1878, when they separated, each continuing business on his own account. In 1878, Hatcher wrote and published a Funeral Guide, which as the title page said gave " the minutest detail oT the whole funeral obsequies." In 1869 Messrs. Jonathan Hatcher & Sons built an addition to a building that had been erected about 1854 by Mann & Smith, and opened the first coffin manufactory in town. In 1872 the name of the firm was changed to J. Hatcher & Co., and in 1879 the business passed into the control of an incorporated concern, since known as the Zanesville Coffin Company. Henry Sneerer began undertaking on North Fifth street in 1871, and in 1873 sold out to John H. Crooks, who in 1879 removed to North Fifth street.

Jeremiah Dare built a machine shop in the upper story of his woolen factory, and having procured skilled workmen from Baltimore, constructed machinery for a cotton factory which was established in a building at the northeast corner of Third and Market streets. Until 1832 this mill was operated by Mr. Dare and his son, John D., and then the lower story was converted into a machine shop for the manufacture of cotton and wool manufacturing machinery. They made cotton yarn and batting. Their store was in a one-story frame building on the northeast corner of Third and Main streets. In December, 1846, a subscription was raised to establish a larger cotton mill, and a company known as the " Zanesville Cotton Mill" was brought into existence with John A. Adams, George A. Jones, William Galigher, N. Gattrell, Stephen R. Hosmer, Adam Peters, James L. Cox, Samuel Cox, F. F. Filmore, David H. Lyman, J. V. Cushing and Daniel C. Convers as stockholders. These subscribed 814,000 which Richard Huff supplemented with a subscription of 87,000; making a total of 821,- 000. Work was begun in January, 1847. Mr. Galigher built quite an extensive cotton mill on the southwest corner of Underwood and Zane streets, in 1854, and manufactured sheeting, batting and yarns, until his death, early in 1860. E. Mathews bought the mill, Richard Huff the machinery. In June, 1855, the stock of the Zanesville Cotton Mill v'as owned by Basil Burton, Jesse Duvall, S. R. Hosmer, William Galigher, J. A. Adams, Samuel Clark, George James, J. Galigher and Adam Peters. The Star Cotton Mills Company gave a deed of trust to C. W. Potwin and W. A. Graham. In February, 1879, the property was sold under foreclosure to Hoover & Allison, who carried on business with R. A. Kelly as general manager and Gen. A. Schofield as superintendent. Henry Rockel began manufacturing files in Zanesville in 1854.

Thomas L. Pierce started a foundry on the Jacob Smith & Co. site in 1819. In 1827 he sold it to Richmond & Bostwick, who were succeeded in 1832 by Adams & Wheeler. In 1839, Adams & Wheeler built on the Jones & Abbott site, and in 1848 they were succeeded by Gilbert & Wheeler. In 1863 Sullivan & Herdman became proprietors. Charles H. Jones was admitted to the firm in 1866, and Charles H. Abbott in 1871, when the style was changed to Jones & Abbott. In Fountain alley between Sixth and Seventh streets, Blocksom and Fracker built a foundry in 1826. In 1833 George Wand, A. P. Blocksom and Henry Blandy succeeded Mr. Fracker and did business under the firm name of Blocksom, Blandy & Co. Not long afterwards they leased the Dillon's Falls furnace and forge for two years and there operated as Dillon, Blandy & Co. In 1835 this firm dissolved. In 1838 Henry Blandy, and William Blocksom and his sons G. W. and A. P., began operating under the style of Blocksom, Blandy & Co. In 1840 Mr. Blandy withdrew and organized the firm of H. & F. Blandy, who in 1866 were employing 320 men and doing a business amounting to $780,000. Dare & Ebert began business in 1830, and built the first steam engine ever made in Zanesville. In 1832 the firm became Dare, Whitaker & Co. In 1837 Ebert and Whitaker withdrew and began operating in a new shop, which they builton the corner of Sixth and Main streets. In 1840 they built and removed to the Griffith & Wedge shops, on South Fifth street. Griffith & Wedge became proprietors about sixteen years later. In 1839 John T. Fracker and his son, John F. Fracker, Jr., built a small foundry on the southwest corner of Locust alley and Sixth street. In 1850 the firm changed to Fracker & Brother, and in 1852 the business was controlled by John T. Fracker, Jr., who continued it until 1870. Douglas, Smith & Co., had a foundry from 1851 to the beginning of the war, and then Douglas Brothers controlled it a short time and failed. January 1, 1866, William M. Shinnick, George D. Gibbons, Daniel Hatton and William J. Woodside, under the firm name of Shinnick, Hatton & Co., began a foundry business in the old Blocksom building, in Fountain alley, which they enlarged. Shinnick, Woodside & Gibbons succeeded them in 1870, and the establishment became known as the Union Foundry.

From the small beginning of Jeremiah Dare in 1830, in the manufacture of castings, machinery, etc., arose the great works of Duvall & Co., at the northeast corner of Third and Market streets. The firm of Newell, Davis, James & Co. was organized in 1848, with a capital of $20,000. In 1857 the concern was incorporated as the Ohio Iron Company, with a capital of $75,000. The directors at that time were Henry Blandy, C. W. Potwin, Samuel Baird, E. B.

Greene and E. E. Filmore. The Zanesville F'urnace Company was organized in 1859, and manufactured pig iron. In 1862 it was absorbed by the Ohio Iron Company.

In 1820 the "White Glass Works" were leased and operated by Thomas Mark. Two years later they passed to the possession of Shepherd, Bostwick & Crosby. Mr. Bostwick withdrew in 1835, and Mr. Shepherd in 1838, and the next year Mr. Crosby closed the business. About 1842 George W. Kearns, Joseph Burns, W. F. Spence, Thomas Reynolds, Samuel Turner and George Wendt began operating the works. They were practical glass blowers from Pittsburgh, and at one time they employed about forty men. Reynolds and Wendt sold out in 1844 and Turner and Spence in 1846. Later Arnold Lippet gained an interest in the enterprise. Mr. Burns withdrew in 1848. Mr. Lippet abandoned the works, and for a short time operated the Cassel Window Glass Works as a bottle factory. Later, business was resumed at the old works by the Murdock Brothers. In 1849 Messrs. Kearns, Burns and John W. Carter built the first bottle works in Putnam, in which others had an interest at different times, and which were closed in 1877. In i860 G. W. and Noah Kearns rented, and soon after they purchased, the flint glass house built in 1852 by Cassel & Galigher, at the foot of Main street. In 1863 they built a new establishment, which was operated later by Kearns, Herdman & Gorsuch. Mr. Burns died in 1864, and G. W. and Noah Kearns built their glass house on the southwest corner of Main and First streets, and manufactured window glass exclusively. In 1868 they were joined by Joseph T. Gorsuch and James Herdman. William T. Gray entered the firm in 1874. G. W. Kearns withdrew in 1877 and started the Seventh ward bottle house.

About 1820 Isaac Dillon built a saw-mill at the mouth of the Licking, on the north side, and later a grist-mill, just above the bridge, near the old dam, which was leased to different operators until it was swept away by high water in 1830. In 1839 the saw-mill was rebuilt, and in 1840 partially burned. It was operated by John Deavers from 1842 to 1845, and later by Francis Cassidy and Robert Lee. Mr. Cassidy bought it, and in 1847 sold it to James Miller. It was washed away in i860. Soon afterward Mr. Miller erected a steam mill on the west side of the Muskingum at the foot of Mclntire avenue George and Richard Reeve converted their old blast furnace and nail factory into a flouring mill at the west end of the Main street bridge in 1825. George Reeve Jr. succeeded

Richard in 1830. The mill was sold under foreclosure in 1848, and was idle until 1851, when McConnell & Blandy bought it for 818,000. It was remodeled and increased in capacity to 400 barrels a day. In 1855 it was bought by William Galigher for 821,000. At his death, in i860, Charles Galigher became manager. In 1864 the property was again involved financially, and for a time was operated by C. T. Aston in the interest of the mortgagees. Later the state board of public works seized the mill for arrears in water rent, and leased the premises for thirty years to Ball & Cassidy, who, sometime about twenty years ago, transferred their lease to Paul H. Kemerer. In 1828-29 Isaac Dillon built the Pataskala mill on the bank of the Licking. In 1835 he s°ld it to M oses Dillon. The latter sold it to Solomon and William Sturgis. Mr. Dillon also erected a saw mill, woolen mill and flaxseed oil mill. This woolen mill made the first figured woolen carpet made in this part of the state. In 1855 it was sold to William Beaumont. In i860 these mills were damaged by the giving way of the dam. The oil mill was moved down the Muskingum and located next to Pratt's mill. Mr. Beaumont repaired the dam and plant, and in 1868 a portion of the dam was again washed away, when the whole dam was replaced by a new one. In 1872 the mill was thoroughly repaired and improved. Mr. Beaumont died in 1873, and the business was continued for a time by his widow. Cushing, Martin & Pierce built the Cassel mill in 1828. William C. Cassel obtained a half-interest in it in 1843. About ten years later he became sole owner and built a brick addition to the mill. In 1873 he left it by will to his wife, who, in 1875, leased it to Pickering, Grant & Co. In 1881 Messrs. Cassel again came in control and resumed business under the style of C. Cassel & Co. In 1830 Nash & Co. had a steam saw mill near the north end of Third street bridge. Later this mill was owned and operated by Hughes & Spurck until it was torn down. Jesse Dare and Alfred Printz built a two-story steam saw mill, a little north of Nash & Co.'s mill in 1832, which had its engine in its upper story and was running as late as 1838. Richard P'airlamb built a grist mill in 1840, using part of the timbers from the old Jackson mill and the large P'rench buhr stones that were brought from Philadelphia for the Jackson mill in 1816. The next year he added a saw mill and a linseed oil mill. Michael Dulty bought the property in 1843, and in 1850 sold it to Mr. Drone. Daniel Applegate built the city mill, a brick structure, running west from Potter alley to Third street.

Cox & Wright began making paper in 1828, and for many years this was the leading industry of Zanesville. Simeon Wright sold out his interest and the firm became If. T. & J. L. Cox. In May, 1836, the mill was destroyed by fire. It was replaced by a brick structure, and the business was continued for twenty-one years by H. J. Cox & Co., who made an assignment to David Hull, and the property passed into the hands of George Rishtine & Co. After the invention of the telegraph, this firm for many years had the exclusive contract to manufacture the rolls of narrow white paper at first used on the Morse instruments. About i860 the property was conveyed to Mrs. PL M. Cox, and under the firm name of Pdizabeth M. Cox & Co., the business was managed by her husband. The firm became Cox & Gilbert a little later. In 1868, Messrs. Glessner, Gilbert & Terry became the owners of the mill, and not long afterward the firm became Glessner & Gilbert, and under their management the business flourished and increased. About 1865 Pfdward Mathews and George Rishtine formed the firm of Mathews & Co., and began paper making in a building on the southwest corner of Zane and Underwood streets, which had been erected for a cotton factory that had failed, and which they remodeled and improved from time to time. The firm of Mathews & Co. dissolved in 1876 and was succeeded by E. Mathews, with Mr. Rishtine as manager. Coarse wrapping paper and tea paper were the first products. The manufacture of printing and manilla papers was introduced later.

In 1840 Bernard Howson, John Hallam, George Wheaton and two other experienced potters, originally from Staffordshire, England, came to Zanesville and engaged in the manufacture of Rockingham ware. In 1846, John Howson, brother of Bernard, joined them. In 1852, John Howson and his son Bernard became sole owners. In 1863, John Howson died, and the junior member of the firm continued the business, the principal feature of which was the manufacture of ink bottles. In 1874, the establishment was leased by Fischer & Lansing, of New York, for the manufacture of floor tiling.- This was the beginning of the American Emcaustic Tile works. In 1849 George Pyatt, from Staffordshire, England, came here and began making Rockingham and yellow stoneware. In 1851 the fiim of Pyatt & Goetz was formed. Two years later, Mr. Pyatt left the town and the business ceased.

He returned in 1863, however, and was in Mr. Howson's employ until 1866, when he resumed business for himself, with much suceess. He died in 1879, and the pottery, known as the Tremont pottery, was continued by his son, J. G. Pyatt. N. K. Smith began the manufacture of pottery in 1868; Dunfcan Hamelbock in 1874. In 1873, Alfred Wilber started a pottery, which he sold to Calvin Bumbaugh in 1878. This was known as the Star pottery. *

Abbot & Crain had a small rope-walk, about where the canal now runs between First and Second streets, in 1832. In 1833, Abraham Arter began rcpe-making at 61 Main street and continued business until 1876. In 1835, Shinnick & Howard began the manufacture of rope on the northwest corner of Main and Second streets. In 1838, Mr. Shinnick became sole proprietor, and removed the concern to Hov ard street, between Fifth and Sixth.

In 1847, Hiram Rogers and Dr. A. H. Brown bought the old Wilson soap factory on the river bank between Fifth and Sixth streets. In 1848, the firm became Brown & Convers. From 1849 to 1853, Theodore Convers was sole owner. William Schultz bought the establishment in the year last mentioned, and the history of his operations and of the enterprise of his successors will be given later on. It was in 1863 that David Hahn began the manufacture of soap here.

Doster & Darlinton opened a tanyard, in the. spring of 1830, on the south side of the National road near its junction with the old Wheeling road and there operated till 1884 a tannery of 100 vats, the largest in Eastern Ohio. The business was closed out and the land was cut up into lots and sold. Gilbert Blue began tanning on the Marietta road in 1830. His son Curran Blue continued this business and about 1847 opened a new yard on the river road below the city and there conducted a successful business until 1876. N. G. & Charles Abbott in 1844 erected a tannery with 24 vats, near the Muskingum river, just south of the old rope-walk. In 1849 the business was closed out.

The old Taylor tavern at the southeast corner of Main and Fourth streets was torn down in 1842-43 and Dr. Hamm, its owner, contracted with E. H. Church (mason), James Ramage (carpenter), to replace it with a brick hotel building, which was finished in the year last mentioned. "Joe" Stacy kept the new hotel and for a time it was known as the Stacy House. Later it was known as the Mclntire House, and the Mills House, and was finally replaced by the Clarendon hotel, which was built in 1877, the stone and brick work superintended by E. H. Church above mentioned. The St. Lawrence hotel formerly stood on the southwest corner of Main and Fourth streets, but has given place to other business. Other well known hotels of the past were the Sherman House and the Commercial House. Next to the Clarendon the Kirk House, on Fourth street, near Market, takes rank. It has an existence covering the period 1863-92 and is widely and favorably known and specially popular with traveling men. Other hotels are the Windsor and the Grand ( lately re-christened the Mt. Clare) both on Market street and the Ohio house, on Fifth street. There are other lesser ones.

William Schultz had a wagon shop from 1832 to 1849. The Brown Manufacturing Company was incorporated in 1873. Its first board of directors consisted of Peter Black, W. A. Graham, F. J. L. Blandy, Col. M. Churchill, James Herdman, Thomas Griffith and William P. Brown. The works were burned in June, 1880, and at once rebuilt.

Jeremiah Dare had an early woolen mill, on the site occupied by the woolen mill on Main street, near the bridge, which was described as "just below the Granger mill." J. R. Thomas leased it to him, and in 1822 Mr. Dare took his son Jesse in partnership with him. In 1838 another son, Thomas J. Dare, acquired a half and later a whole interest. This mill was burned in 1840, but Jeremiah Dare, rebuilt it and had it ready for operation early in 1841. Thomas J. Dare died in 1865, and the business was conducted by Jeremiah Z., Thomas J., Jr., and Lewis Dare until the mill was closed, in December, 1878.

The manufacturing history of Zanesville has now been brought down to the period 1870-80. The next important interest of the city entitled to consideration, is its trade and commerce, and the position of the place as a commercial center. The advantages the city has in this particular are not inferior in importance to the advantages it possesses as a manufacturing city. Its trade is at this time rapidly increasing. A large extent of territory, densely populated and rich in agricultural resources, through convenient lines of railway, is made tributary to the place. Other new sections, hitherto unknown to Zanesville merchants, will become their most profitable customers. The effect of this is becoming manifest. In the grand rivalry among the cities of the state for commercial power and wealth and securing an industrial population, the chances for Zanesville are daily brightening. The jobbing business of Zanesville will com- pare favorably with that of any other city of like population in the entire country. The proprietors of the principal wholesale houses are, for the most part, old citizens of the place, identified with its prosperity, conservative as business men, and on account of their prudence, good judgment and honorable dealing, have secured the confidence of merchants and traders generally throughout Southeastern Ohio. The capital employed in merchandising in Zanesville is large. The industry is varied. It is a growing one. Every day adds something to what was before established. What yesterday was combined with other branches of business becomes to-day a specialty. Fiach department of trade is conducted as a separate and distinct pursuit. That Zanesville possesses great advantages for becoming a commercial city must be manifest upon a little reflection. Consider, for a moment the position it commands in its geographical location, its transportation facilities, its large and wealthy territory to be supplied, its extensive population and its other manifest advantages. Having the manufacturing and agricultural facilities here to such an extent as has hitherto been shown, it follows that the trade and commerce of the place should exist in a like corresponding extent. The wants of a people are mutual, they are complementary, and a manufacturing city is necessarily a commercial city.

B. Clark, Curtis & Co., Thomas Drake. Building Companies, The Home Building and Savings Co., The Homestead Building and Savings Co., The Mechanics' Building Co. Brewers, Sebastian Bohn, Red Star Brewery, J. A. Brenner & Co., The Merkle Brewery, Washington Brewery (Zinsmeister & Linser, proprietors). Building Paper, C. J. Brenholtz. Building Sand, The Oakland Press Brick Co. Building Stone, E. M. Ayers, John N. Steiner, T. B. Townend & Co. Carriage Manufacturers, J. L. Christ, George W. Coon, Duerr & Schuman, Hoffman Bros. & Co., Huff & Moore, A. J. Hughes, Peter Keck, Mader Bros., Davis Palmer, Charles H. Powell, P. C. Schubach. Clothing, Boston One Price Clothing House,

The principal manufacturing and commercial enterprises at this time may be thus designated: Agricultural Implements, T. C. Berkshire, Gray & Richards, Zanesville Hardware Co. Awning Makers, Henry C. Mylius & Co. Baking Powder Manufacturers, Burchinal & Co. Bent Wood Works, Henry J. Kimble. Bookbinders, The Courier Co., George Lilienthal, C. H. Rea & Co., E. R. Sullivan. Books and Stationery, E. P. Church, G. R. Fox, S. A. Jenkins, M. V. B. Kennedy. Wholesale Boots and Shoes, H. C. Werner, W. N. Werner. Retail Boots and Shoes, 12 houses. Box Manufacturers, Frederick Abel, C. J. Brenholtz, J. Smith & Son. Brass Founders, C. Dockray & Son. Brewers, Bohn's Brewery, J. A. Brenner & Co., Washington Brewery (Simon Linser), The Riverside Brewery. Brick Manufacturies, the Fish Pressed Brick Co., H. M. Gooden, W.

P'ollowing is the historical list of the incorporated companies with offices here: American Encaustic Tiling Co (limited ), office and works Marietta road; incorporated under laws of New York in 1878; capital $150,000; B. Nisher, president; George R. Lansing, treasurer; Wm. G. Flammer, secretary; Geo. A. Stanbery, general superintendent. Brown Manufacturing Co., office and works cor. Underwood and Railroad; incorporated 1873; capital $1 50,000; Jas. Herdman, president; N. IT Moore, secretary ; W. A. Graham, treasurer; U. IT Brown, general manager; D. S. Brown, superintendent of works. Griffith & Wedge Co., office and works 85 to 12 1 S. Fifth; established 1858, incorporated August 4, 1885; capital $150,000; Francis Wedge, president; John Hoge, vice-president; F. N. Wedge, secretary; E. Gigax, treasurer; founders and machinists. The Citizens' National Bank, 130 Main; organized July 1, 1881; capital, $200,000; IT. C. Van Voorhis, president; W. M. Shinnick, vice-president; A. V. Smith, cashier. The Courier Co., office 32 S. Fourth ; incorporated March 14, 1889; capital, $70,000; John Hoge, president; II. C. Tindsay, vice-president; R. B.

Brown, secretary, treasurer and business manager. The Elliot Paper Co., office and warehouse 19 N. Sixth; incorporated Nov. 7, 1885; capital $10,000; Joseph PTliot, president; Thos. H. Elliot, secretary; John Elliot, treasurer; Henry Elliot, general manager. The First National Bank, 134 Main; organized Feb. 24, 1863; capital $200,000; surplus, $100,000; W. A. Graham, president; Geo. IT. Stewart, cashier. The Home Building & Savings Mo. Savings Bank, 155 Main; organized May, 1886; capital $1,000, - 000; Harvey Darlington, president; Jas. T. Irvine, treasurer and secretary. The J. Downerd & Son Co., office 208 Main, 2d floor; incorporated Nov. 18, 1887; capital $50,000; E. C. Downerd, president; M. E. Dunn, secretary and treasurer. The Kearns-Gorsuch Glass Co., office s. e. cor. First and Main; incorporated Feb. 3, 1886; capital $200,000; J. T. Gorsuch, president; Wm.T. Gray, vice president; Noah Kearns, superintendent. Officers Board of Trade - president, George R. Fox; second vice-president, A. E. Starr; secretary, W. S. Bell; treasurer, Alexander Grant. Steamboat lines - Steamer Bessie Siler, Newton Price, captain; runs daily between Zanesville and McConnelsville; dock foot of Sixth street. The Muskingum Coffin Co., office and factory cor. Main and Canal; incorporated 1881; capital $80,000; J. T. Newman, president; N. C. Highfield, vicepresident; Joseph Shaw, secretary and treasurer. The Oakland Press Brick Co., office cor. Market and Third, works at junction of the Bellaire, Zaneville and Cincinnati and Belt Tine railroads; incorporated December 23, 1886; capital $25,000; W. A. Graham, president; C. V. Graham, secretary and treasurer. The Odd Fellows' Beneficial Association, office 160 Main; organized April 26, 1869; incorporated March 12, 1873; Geo. Rishtine, president; J. A. Parshall, vice-president; T. D. McCaddon, treasurer; W. R. Hazlett, secretary. The Ohio Fuel Gas & Incadescent Tight Co., office cor. Sixth and Market; organized Dec. 4, 1888, under the laws of West Virginia; capital $1,000,- 000, stock full paid and noil-assessable; G. E. Meigs, president; P. G. Marshall, IT N. Wedge, C. W. Kauke, vice-presidents; A. E. Boone, secretary, treasurer and general manager; G. F. Axline, assistant treasurer; F. D. Moses, engineer; Cyril Hawkins, general agent. The People's Savings Bank, Monumental Building; incorporated September, 1889; capital $50,000; T. F. Spangler, president; Willis Bailey, 1st vicepresident; C. Stolzenbach, 2d vice-president; Alex. Grant, treasurer; Wm. J. Atwell, cashier. The Shinnick, Woodside & Gibbons Mfg. Co., proprietors Union Foundry, office and foundry

Fountain avenue, east of Seventh; incorporated July i, 1885; capital 8150,000; Wm. M. Shinnick, president; Wm. J. Woodside, treasurer; Geo. D. Gibbons, secretary. The T. B. Townsend Brick Co., office 195 Market, works 3d ward; incorporated January 1, 1890; capital $200,000; T. B. Townsend, president; R. C. Burton, secretary; O. N. Townsend, treasurer. The Times Recorder Co., office 14 S. Fifth. The Union National Bank; organized May 3d, 1890; capital $ 1 50,000; James Herdman, president; M. Churchill, vice-president; E. Martin, cashier; W. H. Pierpont, assistant cashier; 128 Main. The Zanesville Water Works, office 2d floor Market House; Geo. R. Humphrey, president; H. S. Crozier, secretary. The Zanesville Athenaeum, library and rooms 30 and 32 south Fifth; organized December 19, 1827; incorporated December 22, 1828; E. C. Brush, president; J. R. Stonesipher, secretary and treasurer; Miss M. A. Stillwell, librarian; directors, M. M. Granger, J. R. Stonesipher, C. IT. Abbott, C. C. Goddard, J. W. King, T. B. Townsend. The Zanesville Canal & Mfg. Co., office 1 14 Main corner Third; incorporated 1814; M. M. Granger, president; R. S. Mershon, secretary; trustee Mclntire estate. The Zanesville Hardware Co., 169 Main; incorporated Oct., 1888; capital $100,000; W. A. Fillmore, president; A. T. Cassel, vice-president; Wilbur F. McCoy, secretary; W. A. Herdman, treasurer; wholesale and retail hardware. The Zanesville Stoneware Co., office and works northwest corner Woodlawn avenue and Cooper Mill road; incorporated 1889; capital $50,000; PC G. Bowen, president and treasurer; A. T. Clark, secretary. The Zanesville Street Railroad; incorporated August, 1890; capital $200,000; A. L. Conger, president; F. M. Atterholt, vice-president; F. A. Wilcox, secretary; F. A. Seiberling, treasurer; all of Akron, O.; A. H. Johnson, superintendent; office barn, Marysville Pike. Young Men's Christian Association, 51 north Fifth; incorporated August, 1888; A. P. Pinkerton president; C. S. Hoskinson, vice-president; O. L. Martin, recording secretary; J. S. Dewacter, treasurer; E. A. Pierce, general secretary; C. P. Evans, assistant secretary. Zanesville Electric Light and Power Co., office and works 227 north Sixth; organized March 1, 1887; capital $75,000; John IToge, president; R. D. Schultz, vice-president; Frank Durbin, secretary; F. G. Grace, treasurer; Wm. O. Perry, superintendent. Zanesville Gas Light Co., office corner Fourth and Main, 2d floor, works 187 to 219 north Sixth; organized 1849; capital $50,000; Moses M. Granger, president; G. A. Allen, secretary; Citizens' National Bank, treasurer;

Eugene Printz, superintendent; telephone 205. Zanesville Mining Co., office 14 north Fifth, Opera block; incorporated February, 1882; capital $50,000; F. J. Terry, president, J. Hope Sutor, secretary; Geo. Brown, treasurer; Noah Shrigley, superintendent of mines, Salina, Boulder county, Colorado. Zanesville Woolen Manufacturing Co., office and mill north side Muskingum avenue, south end Third street bridge; incorporated 1870; capital $50,000; John C. Harris, president; Robert Fulton, secretary and treasur;r; John L. Turner, superintendent.

Reference has been made to the parent, if such it may be termed, of the present gigantic enterprises of the American Encaustic Tiling Company, whose office and salesroom is in New York, its great manufacturing plant in Zanesville. It was the old Howson pottery, on South Seventh street, opposite Shultz & Co's, soap factory, and a small brick building yet remains to mark the site, although the kilns have long since disappeared. The plant was devoted to the manufacture of crocks and kitchenware, and was conducted on a very small scale.

In 1874, Mr .B. Fischer, of New York, had his attention directed to the clays at Zanesville. He was induced to investigate them and was convinced that tile could be made here. He purchased the plant above mentioned, associating with himself, Mr. George R. Lansing, of the same city. For the first two years, the work was an experimental one. No tile that was merchantable, was made during that whole period, and a man with less tenacity of purpose than Mr. Fischer, would have abandoned the plant altogether. He had faith in Muskingum county's clays, however, and his experiments were continued. Many of the older citizens still remember when kiln after kiln of fresh burned tile were pronounced failures, and were hauled away to fill low lots or to macadamize the roads. Such experiments could not continue forever without some result, and finally merchantable tile was produced. In 1877 the courthouse here was floored with tile manufactured by the, company, and a part of that tile was made at the old factory on the river bank. That floor cost $1 per square foot, and it was considered a triumph of art. The same floor can now be laid for 40 cents per square foot, and it has become quite common as compared with the higher and more beautiful designs that have been developed. The fact had been established that merchantable tile could be made in this country, and that Zanesville was especially adapted to the pur- pose, and the firm decided to build larger. Ground was purchased at the present site in the Third ward. In 1877 a building about onefourth the size of the present one was erected. It consisted of a building 125x68 feet, and six kilns. It was looked upon then as a great manufacturing institution, and its projectors thought that it would be amply sufficient to supply all the demands for tile for the next generation. They little dreamed of the magnificent proportions of the business whose foundations they were laying. In the same year Mr. Stanbery became the superintendent of the works, and he has occupied the position ever since.

In 1878 the plant was placed under the management of a stock company. Strange as it may seem the production of American tile by American artisans did not open the American market. The dealers in tile were prejudiced against them. Finding that they could not sell the tile to the dealers, who would handle none but the European article, the company became contractors as well as manufacturers. They laid tile floors themselves, and soon brought the dealers to recognize the worth of the article they were manufacturing. Since that time their market has been, as is well known to our citizens, constantly expanding until now it embraces every State in the Union. The American Encaustic Tiling Company was the first company in this country to produce merchantable tile. The first products as compared with the present were crude and simple, consisting only of flooring tiles of the most simple designs and the plainest colors. Not satisfied with this end, although it was a decided triumph, the company has continued to experiment until now the finest and most beautiful art tile are produced.

From the time of the building of the first structure on the present site in the Third ward until the present day the growth of the plant has been rapid. New buildings were added until all the ground was occupied, and then it was found necessary to arch over the run which flows through the premises and build over it. The time came when more ground must be had, and it could not be bought at the present location in the Third ward for anything like a reasonable sum. This brings the history down to recent events, which are still very fresh in the minds of the people. The New York stockholders, who own by far the largest interest in the establishment, determined to move it bodily to New Jersey. They communicated their intention to Mr. John llogc, who was interested in the enterprise. By persevering effort he induced them to hold the matter open a few days. He returned home to Zanesville and the situation was made known to the board of trade. The exciting meeting of that body which followed will be remembered by all. Citizens pledged themselves to pay large sums of money provided the city could not be bonded for the amount of money required to meet the demands of the company for a sufficient sum to purchase a site and sink a test well for oil and gas. The bill submitting the matter to a vote of the people passed the legislature, and at the spring election the people voted almost unanimously in favor of issuing the bonds. They were issued to the amount of $40,000. Then followed the choice of a site. Various places were viewed, but the utmost secrecy was observed as to which would be the favored one. The list was finally narrowed down in the minds of the company to two - one in Fair Oaks and the other the present one. At this juncture Col. H. A. Blood, of Boston, president of the C. C. & S. Railway Company, learned of the situation of affairs. He was soon in Zanesville, and made such substantial offers in the way of tracks, switching facilities, etc., that the works were located as at present.

The mammoth plant which was dedicated Tuesday, April 19, 1892, is ample guarantee of the wisdom of President Blood in making so liberal an offer. The present factory is the most complete on the continent, but is a mere plaything when compared with the new one. It consists of a double row of buildings about 1500 feet long. The size of each building is given in the list which was furnished by Evans

7 rooms, one story; bisque kiln house, 132x216 feet, one story; placing house, 32x42 feet, 2 rooms, one story; smear kiln house, 44x1 14 feet, one story; sorting house, 74x120 feet, one story; glazing house, 48x220 feet, 3 rooms, one story; placing houses, 16x20 feet, 4 rooms, one story; glazing kiln house, 96x200 feet, one story; ware house, 216x216 feet, 9 rooms three stories; freight and cooper house, 52x218 feet, 4 rooms, one story; engine and boiler house, 48x172 feet, 2 rooms, one story; machine shop and carpenter shop house, 44x76 feet, 4 rooms, two stories; blacksmith house, 20x44 feet, 1 room, one story; scggar house, 52x106 feet, 4 rooms, two stories; stock houses, 20x76 feet, 5 rooms, one story; locomotive house, 23x44 feet, 1 room, one story; fifteen bisque kilns, 22 feet diameter at base; three smear kilns, 16.8 feet diameter at base; eight glaze kilns, 22 feet diameter at base; one seggar kiln, 26 feet diameter at base; one improved eight tunnel drier; brick smoke stack, 121 feet high, 18x18 feet at the base. Home institutions were patronized to as large an extent as possible in the erection and equipment of this plant, and everything that Zanesville could furnish was purchased here. Evans & Dunsweiler had the contract for laying the 12,000,000 brick. The boilers, air compressors and tile presses were manufactured by Griffith & Wedge. The lumber was furnished by Thomas Drake. The Blandy Machine company furnished iron work. Rcekel & Son laid the fifty miles and more of pipe used in the building. Snyder, the slater, placed the slate roofs used. D. Schmidt constructed the galvanized iron work and spouting. Still other Zanesville firms, employing Zanesville workmen, performed other contracts.

The plant is chiefly valuable to Zanesville because of the labor it furnishes and the resulting increase in prosperity and population. It will give work to from 800 to 1000 persons when running to its full capacity.

The demonstration at the formal opening of these works marked a "red letter" day to the people of this part of Ohio. The program for the dedication was under the direction of an executive committee composed of Hon. Wm. S. Bell, A. E. Starr, H. A. Sharpe, Charles Geis, H. C. Werner, J. A. Morrow, G. R. Clements, J. H. Swart, Edward McGovern, J. A. Dennis, C. C. Harrison, Thomas Trainer, G. A. Allen and Dr. H. T. Sutton. The reception committee consisted of Messrs. T. F. Spangler, John Hoge, R. D. Schultz, F. A. Durban, Geo. H. Stewart, C. Stolzenbach, D. H. Gaumer, H. C. Van Voorhis, F. H. Southard, H. C. Werner, Dr. T. J. Barton, Geo. A. Stanbery, H. H. Sturtevant, Wm. Kirk, S. A. Baldwin, Gen. R. B. Brown, Rev. F. Richards, D. M. Evans, D. S. Brown, W. R. Mathews, E. P. Bloomer, John C. Sullivan, Julius Frank, B. Wheeler, Wm. Bateman, Dr. E. C. Logsdon, David Lee, M. Churchill, Jas. R. Peabody, Charles Brendel, J. Hope Sutor, Capt. Mader, Hiram Waller, W. J. Woodside, G. D. Gibbons, Lieut. C. E. Gillette, R. S. Mershen, A. O. Jones, P'dward Gigax, William Swart, James Herdman, Thomas Murphy, Alexander Grant, Charles Abbott, William Wells, Edward Abbott, James Wheeler, S. A. Weller, Theodore Wiles, J. W. Pinkerton, G. D. Munson, Albert Baker, Dan Buell, J. J. Adams, C. U. Shryock, W. W. Harper, Rev. George P. Torrence, J. W. Conrade, John Crooks, C. D. Wedge, T. J. McDermott, I7. N. Grigsby, T. M. Williams and PC L. Winchell. The program included an address of welcome by Hon. W. S. Bell, mayor of the city, addresses by Hon. Wm. McKinley, Jr., governor of Ohio, Hon. John O'Neill, Col. H. A. Blood, of the Cleveland & Canton R. R. Co., President Fischer, of the Tiling Co., and others. Amusement was the order of the day and evening, and the Barracks band from Columbus, the Seventeenth regiment band of Zanesville, and the Dresden K. of P. bands were in attendance.

Schultz & Co., "The" soap-boilers; factory and office, Canal Bank, between Sixth and Seventh streets, Zanesville, O.; New York office and depot, 164 Franklin street, New York, are well worthy to adorn the pages of a book dealing with the history of Zanesville. Both members of the firm are natives of Zanesville, and have lived in the city of their birth all their lives, and have been active citizens, both as young and middle-aged men, engaging in public-spirited movements calculated to advance the interests of this community. Besides their own large manufactory, they arc heavy holders of real estate, and stockholders in a large number of other manufacturing concerns. Messrs. Robert Schultz and John Hoge are the individual members comprising the firm, so widely known throughout this country as Schultz & Co., manufacturers of several brands of soap which have a world-wide reputation for being the best for family use. Messrs. Schultz & Co.'s factory is a four- story brick structure, the dimensions of which are 70x200 feet, every inch of which is utilized in the manufacture of the firm's products. The building throughout is supplied with all the latest and most improved machinery necessary in an establishmentof the kind, and seventy-five hands find . steady and remunerative employment, besides a number of traveling salesmen, covering territories which know no bounds. They also own a large warehouse at the depots, with switches in from the different roads, used for storing their surplus stocks. Messrs. Schultz & Co. began business in 1866, being successors to Mr. Wm. Schultz, under whom they served from boyhood. Prior to their accession to the business, the trade had been purely local; but shortly after, they introduced into the Western markets their celebrated " Star " brand, which was entirely different from anything else in the soap line. Subsequently the firm placed upon the market their famous brand, " Irish

Soap," which proved to be their first great success, and gave them a national reputation. This brand immediately became an immense favorite as a laundry soap, and at once bounded to the front ranks of all the leading markets of the country. The firm added to their list other famous brands. Messrs. Schultz & Co. now make " Star Soap," one of the best and most desirable for general family use, and the "Duck Soap," a good laundry article. The volume of trade extends to all parts of the United States. The firm's products have no superior, and there are few homes in the land where the name of Schultz & Co. is not familiar. Messrs Schultz & Co. are also sole owners and managers of the Zanesville Opera House, which has the reputation of being one of the finest and best managed theaters in America.

About the year 1875 Schultz & Co. purchased the Zane House property, and the Opera house and Opera House block were erected in 1879, which then, as now, were the pride of this city. Mr. Hoge's enthusiasm was impressed upon his partner, and unaided these two dauntless young men erected a row of metropolitan business rooms and a theater, at that time unequaled in the state. That this was a most expensive undertaking goes without saying. Such was their credit that not the semblance of a mortgage encumbered their property, yet it was freely predicted by the croakers that Schultz & Co. would be ruined. The business sagacity of Mr. Hoge soon manifested itself in the management of the Opera house. The rules laid down by him were unique, and a marked innovation on the established methods of the "profession." The result was a widespread notoriety and a national reputation for the Schultz Opera house. Theatrical people stormed and swore like the army in Flanders, but they eventually yielded gracefully to the iron-clad regulations. Their ravings have turned to exultant praise. The "rules" have been widely copied throughout the country - the best tribute to their fairness. "The Appeal to the Profession," written by Mr. Hoge, and placarded in all the dressing rooms of the theater, won the warmest commendation from the "show people."

Another important and beautiful structure is the Memorial building. On June 9th, 1878, some half dozen old soldiers met at the residence of Fred. Geiger, for the purpose of organizing a Soldiers' Monumental Association. At this meeting Geiger presided, W. O. Munson acted as secretary, and Andros Guille was designated as treasurer. The plan was to raise $5,000 by popular subscription. The second meeting of the association was held June 13, in the office of Mr. Geiger, Clerk of the Court. At this meeting a permanent organization was effected and Mr. Geiger was elected president, John H. Drake vice-president, Andros Guille treasurer, and W. O. Munson, secretary. A constitution and by-laws were adopted, and C. W. Potwin, Peter Black and Robert Silvey were appointed, trustees. Thursday, September 19, 1878, wras held a grand county re-union, under the auspices of the association, which in addition to being the largest ex-soldier demonstration held in the county up to that time, was a financial success, netting the association $1,000. At the first annual meeting held June 1 3, 1879, the old officers were re-elected, and an executive committee composed of five ladies and five gentlemen was appointed. This committee was Mrs. F. Cogswell, Mrs. F. J. L. Blandy, Mrs. James Buckingham, Mrs. L. B. Taylor and Messrs P'red. Dietz, R. B. Brown, VV. H. Cockins, W. S. Harlan and Howard Aston. It was now determined to increase the amount for the monument to $10,000, and a plan of guarantee notes was formulated and an active canvass begun. At the annual meeting June 13, 1883, five years after the organization of the association, the secretary in his report alluded to the fact that a trifle over $5,000 was now on hand, that the members of the association had voted to have the monument erected in front of the court house, that the Commissioners had refused to move the fountain to give place to the monument, that many of the heaviest subscribers were in favor of diverting the fund already raised and adding to it fifteen or twenty thousand dollars more, and in lieu of a monument, erecting a " Muskingum County Soldiers' and Sailor's Memorial Building." "This, in the opinion of your secretary, would be a good investment, permanent, progressive and lasting." At this meeting a paper was read, which led to the sending out by the secretary a circular letter requesting each subscriber to designate his choice in the matter, by which it was decided to erect a memorial building instead of a shaft or monument.

To the officers, trustees, executive committee, who labored so faithfully for five years on behalf of the monument, much of the credit of this building is due. For the money which they, through their trustees, turned over to the Memorial building trustees, $5,152.07, served as the first payment on the site of this building, and it may be well to say, that every man, woman or child who paid his dollar or more toward the monument, to-day has a proportionate share and interest in this building, and further, that all of the time and labor bestowed upon the enterprise for five years by those having in charge the Monumental association, was given freely, and not a dollar of the money collected was spent except for stationery, printing and postage. With the appointment of the seven trustees, ably represented by T. F. Spangler, the labor of the Monumental association closed. September 27, 1883, upon the application of C. W. Potwin, W. A. Graham and Robert Silvey, trustees of the Muskingum County Soldier's and Sailors' Monumental Association, Judge Phillips appointed Gilbert D. Munson, Frederick C. Dietz, Joseph T. Gorsuch, Thomas W. Gattrell, James Buckingham, Conrade Stolzenbach and Frank J. Korte, as trustees of the Muskingum County Soldiers' and Sailors' Monumental Association. March 14, 1887, by reason of a vacancy by the resignation of F. C. Dietz, Judge Phillips appointed T. F. Spangler to fill vacancy. These trustees took charge of the funds and business of the Monumental association. About the first business transacted by them was to purchase the property upon which the building now stands, using the money turned over to them to make the first payment. Matters went along without anything of importance happening, the trustees endeavoring all the time to devise some means to have the building erected, until in 1887, the county commissioners, having to provide an armory for the use of Company B and Battery C, of Ohio National Guard in this county, were induced by the trustees to issue bonds of the county for the purpose of erecting a soldiers' and sailors' memorial building, and an armory, on the site purchased by the trustees, the arrangement being for the trustees to pay the interest on the bonds, and the principal as it came due. By this arrangement the Grand Army of the Republic of this county have secured a beautiful post room, the Ohio National Guard, a splendid armory, and the whole people a magnificent structure, well worthy of the name, and a grand tribute to the memory of the 700 brave men of Muskingum county who perished during the war.

Other public buildings and halls in the city are the following: Athenmum building, Athletic hall, Beard block, Bijou opera house, Black's Music Hall block, Blocksom block, Castle hall, Central block, City prison, Choral hall, Christman block, Court house, First National Bank hall, Gold hall, Haver's hall, Heilman's hall, Horn's hall, Lee's hall, Maginnis block, Market house, Martin hall, Masonic hall, Merrick block Nevitt's hall, Odd Fellow's hall (Woodlawn lodge), Odd Fellows' temple, Pinkerton building, Police station, Power House No. 1, Power House No. 2, Power House No. 3, Richard block, Shinnick block and hall, Star block, St. Nicholas hall, St. Thomas hall, Turner's hall, Weller building, Wheeler Stevens' block, Wiles block, Work house, Worrell hall, Young Mens' Christian Association rooms.

Pllijah C. Ross, of Zanesville, produced the first daguerreotype ever made west of the city of New York. It is claimed that the first friction or lucifer matches ever made in the world were produced in Zanesville by William G. Thompson, in 1834. Zanesville was first lighted with gas in November, 1849. Her first street railway was opened for travel December 4, 1875. Zanesville was early and enterprising in the introduction of the electric light.

Since the time of the arrival of the first mails in Zanesville in 1798, when Daniel Convers entered into contract with the national government to carry the mails from Marietta to this point and return weekly, the changes have been numerous and great. Wm. McCulloch, the first postmaster, found but little to do in his official capacity, but with the growth of the village and the establishment of improved mail facilities, the work became greater. In August, 1817, from one weekly mail, Zanesville had risen so that she had the benefit of six mails per week - three from the East and three from the West. At this time the mails were carried upon the regular stage routes which had been established. In this same year, (January 30) Putnam had an office established, with Henry Safford as postmaster. In June, 1838, an office was established for West Zanesville under the name of Muskingum, with John W. P. Lane as postmaster, but was discontinued in 1843, and that village did without a postoffice until in January, 1852, when the West Zanesville postoffice was established with Joseph H. Parke in charge. In 1849, the postoffice at Zanesville became a president appointive office, and soon thereafter the mails began to be delivered by railroads instead of by the old stage coach. In 1864, a money order department was established here and the system was fully inaugurated November 1, 1864. In August, 1880, this office was made the depository for this section of the state, and now receives the deposits from the postoffices in the following counties: Belmont, Coshocton, Guernsey, Monroe, Morgan, Muskingum, Noble, Perry and Washington. The number of postoffices thus depositing is about 400; the average amount deposited here by these offices is $21,000 per annum. At about the same time that theoffice was made a general depository, the free delivery system wasintroduced,andthe postoffices in Putnam and West Zanesville were discontinued. October 1st, 1880, the free delivery system was inaugurated. The inspiration and salvation of every progressive mercantile, commercial and manufacturing community is dependent upon ample banking facilities - upon banks that are sound, rich and reputable, conservatively managed and yet liberal in their treatment of those who, investing their capital, brains and labor in local enterprises of a legitimate and beneficial nature, may at times require reasonable assistance in the way of pecuniary accommodation. It is safe to say that no community of equal numbers in the country is better supplied with fiduciary institutions of this kind than is Zanesville, nor has any set of banks and business men a better or more cordial mutual understanding than exists here. The banks are seven in number - three national, one private, and three savings banks. All of these institutions are in a flourishing condition, as will be seen from the appended official statements: First

In addition to her regular banks Zanesville also boasts of seven loan and building associations which are in a flourishing condition, and are doing a grand and noble work for the laboring class of the community. By their aid the possibility of their securing a home by the laboring man without capital is made easy and safe, and the number of homes now owned by the laboring classes of Zanesville is the best possible indication of their success. We herewith give a list of the associations which are at present doing business in the city: Buckeye Building & Loan, organized in 1 888 ; capital, $1,000,000; resources, $30,000; gross earnings, $1,500. Citizens Building & Saving, organized in 1887; capital, $1,000,000; resources, $64,489.12; gross earnings, $4,339.31. Economy Building & Loan, organized in 1887; capital, $1,000,000; resources, $56,792; gross earnings, $4,908.23. Equitable Building, organized in 1887; capital, $1,000,000; resources, $94,399.75; gross earnings, June 1, 1889, $3>~ 269.69. Farmers Building & Loan, organized in 1889; capital, $1,000,000; resources, $25,000. Home Building & Saving, organized in 1886; capital, $1,000,000; resources, 1888, $131,355; gross earnings, 1888, $9,204. Homestead Building & Saving, organized in 1884; capital, $1,000,000; resources, 1888, $213,168.50; gross earnings, 1888, $20,791.61. Mechanics' Building (Limited), organized in 1884; capital, $150,000; resources, 1888, $110,000; gross earnings, 1888, $20,960.31.

The claims of Zanesville are thus summed up by the board of trade: "Zanesville, Ohio is beautifully located on the Muskingum river, the only interior city of Ohio on a navigable stream, tributary to all points on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. The scenery on the Muskingum is beautiful, and the valley most fertile. The United States Government has control of the river, and' is now spending large sums of money improving the same. Schools, seminaries, churches, parks, etc., a fine opera house, admitting only the best troupes traveling. A new memorial building, erected to the memory of the Union soldiers and sailors of this county; this building has the largest and best convention room or assembly hall in the state, with but one exception ( that of music hall at Cincinnati, Ohio). Seating 2,500 comfortably. We have gas light, electric light, and fuel water gas, one of the best systems of electric street cars, with the latest and most approved equipment. Our water works system is the pride of the city, our fire department first class. Fine suburban residences. Our Fair Oaks, Buckingham Place, Terrace, Maplewood and Belle View, are all new additions to the city of Zanesville. and for places of residence are truly beautiful, and must be seen to be fully appreciated. Greenwood cemetery, Woodlawn cemetery, and Mount Calvary cemetery, places that will justify your visiting.

"The Muskingum valley gives us one of the very best markets, fruit and vegetables in abundance, and at very low prices. Considerable fruit and vegetables are shipped to sister cities. We have seven railroads and four more projected. We have the cheapest and most reliable known fuel. Hotels equaled only by the best, and excelled by none. Our encaustic tile works is the largest in the United States, and the only successful competitor oc the celebrated English tile. Our brick industries have grown to immense proportions our building brick, ornamental brick, -glazed brick and pressed brick are the best made and excelled by none, our shipments of which amount to 3,750 cars a year, or 12 cars a day. Our paving brick industry gives promise of growing to immense proportions; at this time cannot supply the demand. We also manufacture largely stone ware, terra cotta and sewer pipe, fine linings, flower pots, vases, and all kinds of fancy and

It will be seen from the foregoing brief review of the manufacturing and commercial interests of Zanesville that the place is already well supplied with that which gives permanency, stability and growth to a community. There is here a large amount of skilled labor employed. It is that which enlivens trade, which gives character to business, which builds up and establishes communities. Many of these industries which have been enumerated are yet in their infancy, but the encouragement all such are receiving warrants their success, if judiciously managed. What is a success in one locality in another, under the same management may, and often does, prove a failure. Rarely has a manufacturing enterprise been here undertaken which has not been successfully prosecuted, and manufacturing capital here invested has rarely sought to be transferred to other localities. This fact alone speaks more for the advantages this city affords for the employment of manufacturing skill than whole volumes besides. One argument from fact is worth an entire treatise of mere theory. There is also a fine local and wholesale trade.