Muskingum County, Ohio - Chapter 45, 1892 (part 15 of 31)

LICKING township is full of interest to the resident; he feels that it is of his father, his farm and his village that these lines are descriptive, and statements are made of which his own experience has knowledge. Long before the actual settlement of the township a hardy race of hunters and squatters had built their cabins and made improvements about the site of the present villages of Irviile and Nashport. Among these men were David Devore, John Thrapp, Henry Barrickman, Aaron Claypool, and Joseph and Ephraim Baker. Among the first to enter lands as actual settlers were Jonathan and Solomon Wood and families, from Virginia, Leonard Stump, Jacob Victor, David Vandonbark and Nathan Fleming. These settlers, prior to 1808, are of the dead, and their children have grown aged upon the old lands. Of those who moved into the township before 1812 who were permanent inhabitants, we give the names of John Irvine, John Van Voorhis, Richard Ayers, and John R. Roger, son in-law of Stump. It is related of Enos Devore that he came west with his father, John Devore, in 1801, bringing with them two cows and an ox, on which they packed all their goods. John Devore soon returned to Virginia, where he is thought to have died. Enos Devore settled at what is now called Nashport. At this time there were two habitations in the place - one owned by David Devore, the other by Samuel Jones. Probably the first tavern-keeper in Licking was Jonathan Wood, whose house at Nashport, a hewed-log building, was the favorite resort of the settlers to hold elections, make up horse races, and attend to business matters. Jacob Victor was a hammerman at the forge at Dillon's Iron works, and later was a set'tler upon a farm which he had previously bought and let to a tenant to clear up. John Irvine employed part of his time at carpenter work, and the remainder at farming, as was usual with tradesmen of the day. John Sidle was the owner of the pioneer corn-cracker mill, and in time gave it in charge to his boys to hoist the gates and draw the toll. John Fleming and David Vandenbark are reputed to have planted the earliest orchards of the apple and the peach some time prior to 1812. Game at that time was numerous, as regards deer and turkeys, but bears and wolves were becoming rare. Bounties paid for wolf scalps made their pursuit an object, and bear's meat for food, and the skins for use, besides the excitement of the chase, led bruin a hard run for life. Deer were killed in Licking township as late as the fall of 1835, and turkeys until recently. The honeybee preceded the settler, and the old pioneers would line a bee to the tree and glean the longstored sweets, and sometimes takes home the swarm to the cabins. Round log houses were succeeded by the hewed, and, in time, the first frame building in the township was erected at Irviile, and dedicated as a house of worship by the Presbyterians, under charge of resident pastor, Rev. Smith. The first road running east and west through the township was the old stage route between Columbus and Zanesville; along this highway the fourhorse coaches ran daily prior to the construction of the National road. The old stage-drivers are of past times, and even their names are lost, save that of John Wilson, who married Polly Sheppard, of Irviile. The only gristmill in the township was built in 1832, and is known as Claypool' s mills. The township has two villages: Irviile, laid out in 1814 by Richard Ayers and John Irvine, and Nashport, by Capt. Thomas Nash, in 1827. Possibly the first attempt at merchandising in the township was made at the former place by Francis Cassady, in a two story frame, part of which was used as a dwelling. The first postmaster was Jared Brush, of Irviile. The medical services of Elmus Wheaton, this village, were long required over a field on which there was no rival to dispute his rights. Near Nashport of the present was erected the old log schoolhouse of the period; on its jmncheoned floor the boys and girls of 1815 formed in line, and here instruction and discipline were given by Dougherty and his successor, Edward Rogers. One Dickinson was the first white man buried in the old Indian burying ground, on land now owned by Levi Claypool. Early settlers were Virginians. The present population are to the manner born.

the Virginia military land. The earliest local record in existence is a portion of a treasurer's book bearing date June 3, 1813. That year the total tax levy was $40. John Spencer, who collected it, was paid $2.40 for his services. The township supervisors for 1814 were Solomon Wood, Samuel Guest, William Thrapp and Nathan Fleming. In 1815 Leonard Stump was overseer of the poor; William Thrapp, Nathan Fleming, Daniel Lovitt, Aaron Claypool and Samuel Guest, supervisors; Samuel McCann, township clerk; William Bell, collector; Asa Snider, Daniel G. Wilkins and William Thrapp, trustees. The tax that year was $65; in 1816 it was $50. The first road through the town was the stage road between Zanesville and Columbus. The first local surveyor was Jonathan Wood. Charles and John Roberts also did much surveying in the township. About 1810 John Fleming had a fine apple orchard on his place north of Nashport. David Vandenbark had a peach orchard about the same time, and sold John Van Voorhis a half bushel of peachstones in 1812. The first hewedlog structure was an addition to the log house of Jonathan Wood at Nashport, which he built about 1812. John Van Voorhis had brick manufactured on his place, and with them he erected the first brick house in the township in 1817. David Vandenbark, above mentioned, built the first stone house in the township. Mr. Wood kept tavern in his round and hewed-log house mentioned above. Later he sold to John Kerr, who was succeeded by Capt. Thomas Nash, the founder of Nashport. This was closed as a public house prior to 1830. In the township records is found mention of Thompson's tavern, in 1815. Richard Ayers, who with John Irvine laid out Irville, was an early tavernkeeper, and Hugh Allison and Joseph Roberts were early "landlords" there too. Early and now long gone mills in this township were the following: John Sidle's saw and gristmill, which was in operation on Licking creek as early as 1815, and was demolished in 1840; Nathan Fleming's sawmill on Stump's run, west of Irville; Daniel Woods' water-power sawmill, on the Licking. The Claypool mill was built by Jacob Rhodes in 1830.

The platting of Irville, in 1814, by John Irvine and Richard Ayers, has been referred to. In 1818 Jared Brush opened a store there. The store of Nathan Floming was opened in 1825. Daniel Van Voorhis began merchandising there in 1832, and continued until 1843, when he returned to agricultural pursuits. He was elected to the state legislature in 1860, and now at an advanced age is living in Zanesville. Elmus Wheaton was the first postmaster at Irville. In 1827, as has been stated, Capt. Thomas Nash laid out, Nashport. The town sito embraces forty acres, and was platted for the proprietor by the Roberts Brothers. The pioneer postoffice was at Irville, and was established in 1818. Early in the thirties it was re. moved to Nashport. The early mails came only weekly. The earliest schoolhouse in Licking was built about 1814-16, about twenty rods north of Nashport, on land owned later by Thomas Devine. In an improved form it was standing about fifteen years later. An early teacher here was one Dougherty. A hewed-log schoolhouse was built at Nashport in 1835-36. The timber was given by Daniel Van Voorhis; the tree from which the shingles were made by Elias Ellis; the stone by John R. Stump. Leven Coverdale was the contractor and was paid about $90. The Ohio canal was completed through Licking in 1830. The " Reindeer, " a pleasure boat built at Newark, was the first boat to pass Nashport. The first regular canal boat to pass through the township was the "Union," of Dover.

The only lodge of Odd Fellows in Licking is Durban Lodge No. 478, which was instituted in 1871. A division of the Sons of Temperance was instituted at Nashport in 1870 and disbanded in 1878. Following are the names of heads of families in Licking in 1826:

The little log meetinghouse of the Macedonia Methodist Episcopal church was erected about 1835, three miles north of Irville. It was abandoned tenor twelve years ago and the society built a larger building outside of the township. Two and a half miles north of Irville the conoreoation known as Highland Methodist Episcopal church built a log house of worship about fifty years ago. It passed out of regular use about sixteen years ago. Nasliport Methodist Episcopal church was organized about 1845. A lot was donated to the society by Captain Thomas Nash, and the church building was erected in 1854-55, at a cost of $1,000, and dedicated by Rev. Joseph M. Tremble. A Sunday-school was organized in 1855, with R. C. Dean as superintendent.

THE first actual settler here of whom we have any definite knowledge, while a great hunter, belonged more to the pioneer class. His name was Isaac Prior, the ancestor of Alexander Prior, now residing in Licking township, and whose biography in this volume presents a more extended sketch of this first settler of Washington township. Through data obtained in the Prior family, we learn that Isaac Prior was a native of Pennsylvania, and that he settled with his family in 1799 on land since owned by A. C. Howard. Tradition tells us that he provided the meat for his family largely by his skill as a hunter, and that he sold deer and wild turkeys to the very first settlers of Zanesville. This humble log cabin and small clearing was the first in the township, and the fertile soil of the township first yielded to his cultivation a crop of corn.

Isaac Prior was not a reckless Indian hunter, but was a church member, and took with him to the wilds of Muskingum, a letter of dismissal from his church as a member in honorable standing. After he had somewhat established himself, he built a hewed- log house, and his hospitable roof so frecpiently sheltered the wayfaring hunter and land seeker and other adventurers, that it came to be looked upon as a tavern which was the first in the township. It seemed to have been the custom for many of the first pioneers to keep open house, their latch string was always out, and no man who sought shelter with them was ever turned from their door. Likewise, Job Dickson, who came soon after Isaac Prior, entertained travelers at Threemile spring, as soon as he had built his cabin and cleared three acres of laud. The settlers now began to come in more rapidly and were mostly from Pennsylvania and Virginia, with a few from Delaware, from which last named state Moses Boggs came in 1805, and made his settlement in the eastern part of the township on land purchased of Noah Zane. He possessed some business ability, for he was county commissioner from 1840 to 1843. Jacob Livingood came in 1805, from Pennsylvania, accompanied by Elija Hart from the same state.

Joseph Evans and George Crane, Joseph Vernon with his wife and regular pioneer family of twelve children, came in 1805. In 1806 Gen. Robert McConnell, of Pennsylvania, settled on land afterward owned by William Fox. He was afterward the founder of McConnelsville. In 1806 Joseph Slack also came in and settled on land afterward owned by James Galloway. He built a log house roofed with shingles, which was the first to boast such a luxury. About this time came John Walters. In 1808 Jacob Gaumer a revolutionary soldier from Reading, Penn., settled in this township. His son-in-law, Jacob Sturtz, the ancestor of the Sturtz family in this county, from Somerset county, Penn. , settled the same year on the farm now owned by Mr. Lovett. Jacob Sturtz was a soldier in the war of 1812, and served in Capt. Robert McConnell's company of riflemen. He was in several fights with the Indians. In 1810 Job Dickson sold out his tavern to John Speers who had recently come to the township. George Swasek came from Virginia in 1811. John Robertson settled in the township in 1812. By 1816 Samuel Cassel, John Price, George Jay, William Keatley, Albert Cole, Isaac Beatty, Spencer Lehue and William McConnell had arrived.

In 1820 John Wall came from Pennsylvania, and the Suttons and Batemans came shortly before. Then came L McLain and John McCashland. In 1822 a Virginian, Jonah Hague, came with a pioneer family of fifteen children. A man by the name of Bates had a tavern on Mill run in 1804. The first marriage was solemnized between John Mercer and Elizabeth Vernon, in 1807. The first death was Eliza Hart, who died in 1807. There were no more deaths for ten years, when Jane Slack died in 1817. The first birth was Rebecca Vernon, daughter of Joseph Vernon.

In 1810 William McConnell built a sawmill, the first in the township. Some time after this a mill run by ox power was built by William Beatty. In 1811 John Bates mined the first coal in Muskingum county, on Mud run, this township, which he sold in Zanesville. Jacob Slack opened the first road, assisted by his brother George. It is what is now known as the Adamsville road, and was from his house to Wheeling road. In 1813 the Adamsville road was surveyed, which was the first county road. The first man to drive a team over this road was Jacob Slack. In 1819 George Jury built the first distillery and Albert Cole the first tannery. In 1814 a coal bank was opened by John Speers for his own use.

The first school teacher in the township was Ellen Spinner, in an old-time schoolhouse built in 181(3. Samuel Cassel was the second teacher. John Price had the first blacksmith shop in 1820, and this same year Henry Conrad opened a store. In December, 1822, Samuel Barstow made the first claim against the township for $12. 18, for burying John McCasky. In 1830 the village of Jackson, on the National pike, four miles east of Zanesville, was surveyed into lots. The record was made October 20, same year. The land was formally owned by Spencer Lehue. This village has attained no considerable growth, and is simply a quiet residence hamlet with no business enterprises worthy of notice.

From the County Commissioners Journal of Wednesday June 5, 1822, we extract the following: "The commissioners met agreeable to adjournment, present, all three, as heretofore. A petition having been presented from a number of inhabitants of Zanesville township, north of the military line, thence running west with said military line to the southwest corner of Buford's farm, on the Wheeling road, thence north with the west bound ary line of the Buford farm, until it strikes Joseph Shut's land, thence west and north with the west boundary of said Shut's land, to land belonging to John Lolme's estate, thence west, and north with the west boundary of Lehue's land, on the line be tween Lehue's land and Jeffrey Price, with said line northerly to Mill run, thence down Mill run to the Muskingum river, thence up the river till it strikes the east and west line, through the centre of township 2, in range 7, thence east with said line between Jackson and Copeland's land, and on with said line until it strikes the range line between ranges six and seven, at the northeast corner of the fourth quarter of the second township in the seventh range, thence south with the range line, between ranges six and seven, to the place of beginning, which shall constitute a new township, to be called Washington township; also, ordered that the auditor advertise for an election, to be held at the house of Mathias Colspier, on the 22 day of June inst.,to elect a sufficient number of township officers in and for said township of Washington. On June 27, 1822, the first election was held for township officers. John Howell and William Evans were clerks. The officers elected were, for treasurer, William Culbertson; trustees, James Huff, Robert McConnell and Moses Boggs; overseers of the poor were Robert Boggs and Robert Culbertson; for clerk, Samuel Orr Jr. ; road supervisors, Nicholas Closser, Anthony Woodruff and John Harris; fence viewers, Mathias Colspier and Nicholas Closser; justices of the peace, George W. Jackson and Moses Boggs; constables, Anthony H. Woodruff, Leonard Lull and George Slack. The first infirmary director elected was Robert Slack, in 1875.

As early as the year 1800 there was a Muskingum and Hockhocking circuit, which, in 1802, was changed to the Little Kanawha and Muskingum. Jesse Stoneman rode this circuit, but it was Robert Manly who organized the first Methodist church in the valley. Just how far up it is impossible to say. James Quina traveled this circuit in 1804-5. While the records of the early Methodist itinerants are very incomplete, we find that some stanch seekers after truth met in private homes in our township, and listened to the word of God. The first class was organized about 1808, holding their meetings, among other places, at the homes of John Vernon, Joseph Bowers, John Bowers and Isaac Beatty. Feeling the need of a permanent place of worship, these zealous Methodists, in 1823, erected a hewed-log building, which was dedicated in the fall of that year. It was built by the pioneers themselves, without outside assistance. It was situated on a farm owned by John Bowers Sr. In 1840 a frame structure, costing over $1,000, was erected in Perry township, on George Borders' farm. Among the early preachers were Presiding elder Jacob Young, William Knox, John Water man, Thomas Carr, John Tires, Samuel Glaze, T. A. Morris, Charles Elliott, James Gilutli, Samuel Broclsmier, Jacob Hooper, Archibald McElroy, Leroy Swaineatedt, M. M. Henkle, B. Westlake,

Thomas Beecher, E. H. Taylor, Ezra Brown, Z. H. Coston, Michael Ellis, C. Springer, J. Caliban, Joseph Carper and W. B. Crislee. During the summer of 1833 the first Sunday-school was organized by Joseph Church. Rev. D. P. Mitchell and J. W. Spry revived the old Sunday school in 1851, the old one having existed but three months.

Methodism was well established in Washington township, when a class was formed in a schoolhouse on John Orr's farm in 1842. It consisted of John Wall, Amanda Wall, James Walwork, Margaret Walwork, Lucretia Brown, Patsy Shiflet, Lloyd Bishop, Mrs. Bishop, James Smith, Margaret Smith and Nellie Hart. The class-leader was Stephen Schafer. After three months the class moved to William Brown's tobacco barn. Some time afterward, the new meeting house being finished in 1843, the meetings were held there. The class leaders have been Stephen Schafer, James Smith, John Wall, James B. Smith, James Mc- Jurkiu, Jonathan Collins, Turner Wolf and John Gray. A Sunday-school was early organized, which was well attended.

The Baptist church was formed from the Baptist church in Salem township. Many of the Washington township members, finding it inconvenient to attend church in Salem township in 1842, petitioned the Baptist church in Salem township for permission to organize a church in this township. The petition granted, and a new association formed, the next year built and dedicateda church, under the pastorage of Rev. William Sedgwick. They soon organized a Sunday school, which proved a great aid to the church. As the signers to the petition to the Salem church may be considered the founders of a new church, we give their names as follows: William H. Barstow, A. H.

Prior to 1848 a company of Methodists used to meet in the Woodruff schoolhouse. In 1848 they built a church on the farm of Thompson Hague, a shoit distance north of Coaldale. The first two class leaders were Isaac Franks and William Catlin. Among the prominent members of t his church at its organization, we find the names of Job Morgan, Jacob Walters, William McCashland, Albert Jones, Joel Jones, Robert Jones, Jonathan Malox and Joseph H. Bowers. Among the early pastors were Revs. Wyrick, D. P. Mitchell, Robert Boyd, I. N. Macabee and Henry Snyder. Twenty years ago this church had a very flourishing Sundayschool, which was well conducted.

In the early sixties the Lutherans organized a Sunday-school in a log cabin on the land owned by David Shick, which flourished. Among its superintendents were Samuel Shick, James McGee, David Shick, A. Martin, Mrs. Maggie Shick, Miss Kate Boggs and John Mitzlett. This was called the St. John's Union Sunday-school. In 1803, springing from this Sunday-school, came the St. John's Lutheran church, worshiping in the same log cabin. A frame church was built in 1876, Samuel Shick subscribing $400. Among the prominent members in an early day were Samuel Shick, John Hetzel, Allan Dunn, James McGee and Elizabeth Hetzel. Among their pastors have been Revs. George Sinsibaugh, William M. Gilbraith, Logan Gilbraith, John Bocker and George Shrieves. Land on which the original log church stood was donated by David Shick in 1863 for thirteen years, the transaction being made legal by the receipt on his part of $1.

RICH HILL was organized in 1815 under the following order of the county commissioners: "A petition was presented to the commissioners from a number of the inhabitants of Salt Creek township, praying that they would incorporate the thirteenth surveyed township in the eleventh range, to be erected into a township called and known as Rich Hill township, to which is added the twelfth surveyed township, and that part of the eleventh surveyed township in said range, which lies in Muskingum county. Ordered by the commissioners that the township be erected, March 18, 1815." Abraham Warne was one of the first trustees. Israel Robinson, a justice of the peace under the Salt Creek organization was retained in office in Rich Hill. It is said that John Reynolds gave the new township its name because, as he said, it was "so rich and hilly."

Rich Hill is essentially an agricultural district, and all kinds of crops grow abundantly. The chief article of export is wool, but latterly quite a good many horses and cattle have been raised for market. The first mold-board plow used in the township was introduced by Abraham Warne, who also set out the first orchard. The plow was of the kind known as "Wood's patent." A Mr. Mayers brought in the first threshing-machine at a date that can not now be recalled. D. Irwin brought the first Merino sheep into Rich Hill from Pennsylvania. About 1836 Abraham Wells brought in a few short-horn cattle from Morgan county. In 1856 James Herron bought some thoroughbred short-horn Durhams of James McCune, of Blue Rock township. Later he bought some more in Athens county, Ohio. Daniel Tom introduced a fine pair of Devonshires from Guernsey county in 1876.

It is thought that the first settlers in Rich Hill were one Lawrence, a German, and his stepson, Leonard Sticliler, who located on school section 16 in 1805. Lewis Pierce and his sons, Llewellyn, Jonathan anil Andrew, and Abraham Warne, John Moore, William Robinson and John and Neal Mc- Naughton, came from Pennsylvania in 1 806, and located in sections 19, 20 and 29. William Herron took up his residence on the southwest quarter of section 18 about the same time. During the next year, on section 16, located Daniel Monroe, John Jones, John Reynolds, Adam Shaner, William Ivers, and one Crow, and, on section 1, Michael Hammond and Abraham Pollock. Philemon Johnson, a Revolutionary soldier from Vermont, Israel Robinson and Hezekiah Hyatt came in 1808 and 1809. In 1811 came Caleb Monroe and C. Brady; in 1812, Thomas Elliott and Thomas Brady. Among other early comers were the St. Clairs, Fosters, Gregorys, Forsyths, Aulds, Sims, Givens, Crawfords, Spillmans and Dixons. The first who died in the township was Elizabeth McNaughton, a little girl. The second was one of the same name, but an old lady. A man named Martin was the third. All were buried in 1812, on the Mc- Naughton's land. The first public cemetery, now known as the "Methodist graveyard," was opened two years later. The marriage of James Dixon and Ann Herron was the first in the township. Caleb Monroe's and Deemy Hyatt's was the next one. The first birth was that of John Moore, in March, 1807. In August following Pierce Warne was born. The Zanesville and Marietta road was the first surveyed through any part of the township. The road from Chandlersville to Cambridge, put through, it is said, in 1810, was the second. Leonard Stichler built the first log cabin in 1805; Andrew Howell the first frame house in 1819; Neal McNaughton the first stone house in 1827; James Calhoun the first brick house in 1828. John Jordan taught the first school in 1814 or 1815, in a little log house near the site of the Pierce Warne residence. Dr. Daniel Bliss, of Salt Creek township, was the first medical practitioner here. Neal McNaughton built the first gristmill in 1818, on the east branch of Salt creek, on the northeast quarter of section 29, and after owning it twentyone years sold it to Thomas Randolph, who in turn transferred it to Jesse Hayden, in whose ownership it was burned. Abraham Warne built the first sawmill in 1824. In 1837 James Cal- houn built, the John Smith gristmill at Rix's Mills. The Rich Hill postoffice, the first in the township, was established at John Randall's, and removed in 1846 to Rix's Mills. Another office was established at Thomas Sheppard's, and removed successively to Morgan Morgan's, to Watt Henderson's and to John Pierce's. It was vacated in 1861 and reestablished as Freeland postoffice in 1874.

The only trade center in the township is Rix's Mills (sometimes called Rixville) which is an inland post hamlet in the northeast corner of township, sixteen miles east of Zanesville, and six miles from New Concord, the nearest bank. Sprat.t, a small station on the Bellaire, Zanesville & Cincinnati railroad, four and one-half miles distant, is the nearest shipping point.

"Monroe's Meeting house" was the familiar name of the first church built in this township in 1813, by a Methodist class formed at Daniel Monroe's in 1812. In 1836 it was replaced by a frame structure, costing $1,200, on the southeast corner of section 9, on land purchased of F. R. Winrod. In 1861, at a cost of $1,250 a new frame was built on the old foundation, and was dedicated in 1862 by Rev. Hiram Miller. Goshen Baptist church was organized October 18, 1822, by Elders Debait and Rees. Early meetings were held at houses. From 1824 to 1849 the church worshiped in a building over the line in Guernsey county, until a building was erected in this township. Rixville United Presbyterian church was organized in 1825, by Rev. David Proudfit. The first church building was burned, and in 1850 a goodly frame structure was erected on the southwest quarter of section 9, at a cost of $1,600. Rich Hill Baptist church was organized in 1833. No traces remain of its meetinghouse, which stood on the east side of section 29, on the creek bottom. Rich Hill Reformed Presbyterian church was formerly a flourishing organization. As late as 1836 its house was standing on section 30. Mount Zion Presbyterian church was organized August 4, 1839. Its first church building was erected in 1841, on the southeast quarter of section 27, and later became a parsonage. The present house of worship was built near the old structure in 1864, at a cost of $1,800. Buffalo and Williams' forks and South creek and McKee's, May's forks of Wills' creek drain this township. There are no minerals of consequence except coal. During the spring of 1807, a band of Shawnee Indians, numbering about thirty warriors, encamped on the Salt creek bottoms, near Abraham Warne's, and after a consultation with the whites, retired without molesting them or theirs.

THE original pioneer of this township was Charles Marquand, who settled on the land now occupied by his grandson, Charles Marquand, in the wilds of Wills creek, in 1810. He was of French descent, and spoke that language, was born on the Island of Guernsey about 1763, and married there, and here all his children were born. He first settled at Georgetown, D. C., where he worked at his trade of a carpenter. When he first settled on Wills creek not a stick of timber had been cut on his land, and no clearing had been made in what is now Monroe township. Charles Marquand was a man of energy and thrift, and aided by his sons, cleared up his land, and at his death owned 625 acres in this county. Possessing business ability to a marked degree, he had salt works on Wills creek at an early day, and built a gristmill, sawmill and ran a carding and fullingmill, which were the first mills in this part of the county. He also conducted a general store in 1834 for the pioneers, the first in the township, and carried on a large business. In 1836-37 he built a large two-story brick house, which at that time was the only brick house in that part of the township. Charles Marquand was one of our most enterprising and business pioneers, and was largely instrumental in settling up this part of the county. He was known far and wide, and extended aid to many of the pioneers to assist them in establishing homes. To the French settlers, especially, he never refused aid, and possessed their confidence and esteem to a great degree. His son, Peter

Marquand, followed in the footsteps of his father, and was a business man of large influence. Marquand's mills were known far and wide by the old settlers, and were of great advantage to them. The property is now owned by John and Charles Marquand, grandsons of the original settler.

James Sprague Sr. was the next pioneer of Monroe township. He settled at Otsego in 1812, and was the first settler of this place. He was one of the early pioneers of Ohio, and first settled at Marietta, and about 1800-1 settled at Wakatomaka, now Dresden, where he ran a gristmill for another party. The Indians from Otsego would come to him with small packages of corn to grind. Being a lover of hunting, he often visited Monroe township and Otsego in search of game, and was pleased with the locality. When the Indians crossed the Muskingum river at Cass' ford in 1812, on their way to the reservation, Mr. Sprague saw them cut through the ice with their tomahawks, to enable them to swim their horses through the river. He soon after moved his effects to Otsego on a sled.

Nehemiah and Jonathan Sprague, his brothers, were famous hunters and early settlers of Marietta, and while the Indian troubles were still rife, ascended the Muskingum river in a canoe, and entering the mouth of Wills creek, continued up about five miles, and discovered a small lake which is now called James Wilson's pond. Here they carefully hid their canoes from the Indians, signs of whom were plentiful, and proceeded to hunt deer and other game. They preserved their meat by sinking it in the water until they had procured sufficient for their needs, when they returned to Marietta. It is claimed that this visit to Wills creek was made before the settlement at Zanesville or Dresden, and was probably the first visit made by white men to this vicinity. James Sprague was a great wolf hunter. It was difficult to get money for anything except wolf scalps, and thus many a wolf fell before his accurate aim. James Sprague is described as a fine example of the Ohio hunter and pioneer. He was a tall, strong, and large boned man, weighing from 185 to 200 pounds. He dressed in buckskins, wearing a fringed hunting shirt and coonskin cap. He first erected a rude, log hut on the spot where Charles Walker now lives, where about three acres of land had been cleared by the Indians. This hardy old Revolutionary soldier and hunter passed his life without any severe sickness, and died in this township at the great age of nearly ninety-seven years.

The next generation of Spragues being yet well remembered by some of our older settlers, as hunters and pioneers, it will be necessary here to give but a short account. Elijah Sprague, son of James, was born in 1801. At the age of thirteen years he shot, with his father's rifle, a panther which measured ten feet from tip to tip. His younger brother, William, was with him, and together they placed the beast on a pony's back and brought him in triumph to their father's cabin. Samuel Sprague, another son of James Sprague, the old pioneer, deserves a passing notice, as the oldest man in Monroe township at the time of his death. He was born in Bedford county, Penn., March 4, 1796, under Washington's second administration, and was brought to Ohio when a child. He died near Otsego July 4, 1890, and was ninety-four years, three months and twenty-six days old at the time of his death. Hisdaughter, Mrs. Levenia Simmons, was the first white child born in Monroe township. She is yet living. Samuel Sprague set out the first orchard at Otsego, bringing the trees from Dresden on an ox sled.

The Bainters were among the very earliest settlers of Monroe township, and were great hunters and a well-known pioneer family. They all spring from Godfrey Bainter, the original pioneer, who came from Germany, bringing his wife and settling in Maryland, where twelve children were born. In 1800-1 he came to Ohio with his family and settled on wild land in Madison township, on the land now occupied by Joshua Stump, which to this day is called the old Bainter farm. He died in 1803 at the age of eighty-nine years.

Jacob Bainter Sr., the son of Godfrey, and the father of Frederick and Jacob Bainter, now living in this township, was bom in Maryland, and came with the family to Ohio. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, and married in Bedford county, Penn., where Godfrey Bainter made his home some time after leaving Maryland. He settled first on the Wakatomaka creek, and in 1812 moved with his family to Monroe township and settled on land which his son Jacob now occupies. This is the statement of the venerable Frederick Bainter, son of Jacob Bainter Sr. But Jacob Bainter Jr., is quite positive that his father settled on this land the fall of 1811, and that Charles Marquand settled before him, and that James Sprague settled at Otsego June, 1812. However, the difference is slight, and there is no positive authority as to which statement is correct. It is evident that the Spragues and Bainters made their settlement in the township at about the same time, and that Charles Marquand Sr., preceded them nearly, if not quite, two years.

The first year the Bainters settled Iheir food gave out, and as the wheat was just heading, they rubbed out the heads and used it with milk. They would have suffered for food had not the game been so plentiful. Jacob Bainter was a very skillful hunter, and provided an abundance of wild game for the family. He was a powerful man, of iron constitution and a substantial pioneer farmer.

owning nearly 600 acres of land. He died in 1865 at the patriarchal age of nearly ninety-five years. He belonged to a long-lived family. Of the twelve children of Godfrey Bainter, all lived to be over eighty years of age.

Frederick Bainter, his son, was born in Madison township August 15, 1804, and is among the last of the sons of the pioneers, and is now living at the advanced age of eighty-eight, a substantial farmer, and still able to work on his farm. In his prime he had the tough sinews of a backwoodsman, and could cut the trees and make 250 fence rails in one day.

Jacob Bainter Jr., now a substantial farmer in this township, was born on the farm where he now lives, June 10, 1815, making a continuous residence on one farm of seventy-seven years. Adam Bainter, son of Godfrey Bainter, was born in Maryland, and was sixteen years of age when his father moved to Ohio. About 1816 he moved to Monroe township and settled on the farm where Andrew A. Bainter now lives. He lived to the age of eighty-two years. John Bainter, his son, was born in Cass township in 1809, March 9; inherited his farm from his father; was one of our respected citizens, and died in 1890 aged eighty-one years.

Henry Brannon, another of the pioneers of Monroe township and the founder of an excellent family, was born in Pennsylvania and settled in this township in 1812 on the farm adjoining that now occupied by James M. Brannon, his son. In his old age he sold out and went to Henry county, Iowa, where he died at the age of seventy-eight years. He was also a mighty hunter, and one season, from the door of his log cabin, he shot seven deer that had come to feed on his turnips. This date of settlement was given on the authority of James M. Brannon, who is very positive he is correct. In 1813 Jared Cone came from New England and settled on section 13. In 1814 Joseph Stoner came from Pennsylvania and settled on section 13. In 1812-16 David Richardson came from Connecticut. In 1812-16 John S. Abbott, father of David J. Abbott, came to the township. He had married a daughter of Capt. David Richardson, and these families came out together. The journey was made by means of ox-wagons over the Indian trail from Cambridge.

Tunis Elson, one of the pioneers of Monroe township, was from Crawford county, near Meadville, Penn., and came to Ohio in a pirogue, or large log canoe, bringing his wife and four children, and settling in Monroe township in 1817. They made the entire journey by water, coming down the Ohio and up the Muskingum river, and then up Wills creek until they reached Marquand's mills, where they were stopped by the riffle, the dam not having then been built. Samuel Sprague moved his family through the woods on horseback and settled in a log hut with neither door nor floor, which had been built by James Sprague, and here Mr. Elson cleared up a good farm. He built the first gristmill in this vicinity, on White Eyes creek, in 1819. Henry Elson, son of Tunis, was a substantial old settler of this township. The maternal grandfather of his wife was a Mr. Kelly, who was one of the old colonial pioneers. At one time, while journeying in a boat with his wife, three children and two other men, one of whom was his brother, they met a boat containing a white man and two Indians, who appeared friendly. After some talk the Indians borrowed two of their best rifles, under the pretense of killing some deer. Mr. Kelly and his brother unsuspiciously stepped ashore to gather some pawpaws growing on the bank, when the Indians, who were on the watch for them, shot and killed them both, and they fell back into the boat dead. The remaining man pushed the boat off and escaped to the other side with Mrs. Kelly and the children. Leaving the boat, the party began a fearful march for the settlement. During this perilous journey Mrs. Kelly and her three little children, one of whom was a babe in arms, lived on haws and other wild berries, and were nearly starved. She was bitten on the ankle by a copperhead snake, and her limb became badly swollen. Fearing they would all starve before they could reach the settlement, the man of the party set out alone for assistance, and, arriving safely, stirred up the settlers to the rescue. In the meantime Mrs. Kelly was days in the wilderness, and at one time, becoming entirely discouraged, laid her infant at the foot of a tree to die, when a boat came along and took them to a French station. Mrs. Kelly and her children were in a pitiable condition, but the kind-hearted settlers relieved all their wants and sent men to bring in the bodies of her husband and his brother. The infant who came so near perishing in the wilderness became the mother of Mrs. Henry Elson, now an aged lady residing in this township, from whose lips the writer gathered this story, which has never before been in print.

In 1819 Caleb Buker, who was born at Gray, Me., in 1794, settled in this township. He was the son of Israel H. Buker, a Revolutionary soldier, who served under Washington and Lafayette and who was at the battles of Princeton and Trenton and with Washington at the famous crossing of the Delaware and during the bitter experiences of the winter at Valley Forge. He was one of the early school teachers of this region, and died at Otsego. His sons were famous early school teachers of this county, and were widely known. Caleb Buker became the wealthiest man of his day in Monroe township. When young he was a soldier in the

War of 1812. He was also a sailor, an old-time school teacher, one of the early merchants and an extensive real-estate owner. At his death his estate was valued at $150,000. He built the first stone house in the township, in 1830. In 1819 Alpha Buker, brother of the above, settled in Monroe township. He was also one of the noted pioneer school teachers. About 1851 he settled at Otsego and bought the hotel property now owned by Thomas H. Davis, which he kept for many years. He was postmaster and fifteen years justice of the peace.

In 1827 Robert Waters came to Monroe township when a boy of fourteen years of age, with his brother Reuben. In 1828 Mrs. Elizabeth M. Mc- Donald, widow of Nathaniel McDonald, settled on the farm long afterward occupied by Squire John McDonald, who was a boy but fourteen years old when the settlement was made.

In 1812 the first road was made between Symms Creek and Otsego, by James Sprague and sons. In 181 5 the first road which was regularly surveyed was laid out by Charles Roberts, from James Lindley's, in Union township, to the mouth of Wills creek. The next road was from Col. John Reynold's store, on the Wheeling road, in Union township, to James Sprague's, in Monroe township by Joseph K. McCune, surveyor in 1817. The township elections were held at the house of James Sprague.

In 1817 the first sawmill was built by Martin Richardson, on White Eyes creek. In 1819 Charles and Peter Marquand built the dam across Wills creek at the place since known as Marquaud's Mills. Here they built a sawmill in 1820. In 1829 they built a carding and gristmill. In 1839 Samuel Sprague built a sawmill. In 1826 Joseph Walker started the first tannery and remained in this business for many years, which was afterward conducted by his son R. A. Walker. The first thoroughbred Durham cattle were introduced into the township by Decatur Buker and Barton Cone. In 1830 Dr. Cass came to Otsego, and was the first physician to reside here.

Otsego is on the site of an old Indian town, and is a place of considerable trade. The land was originally entered by James Sprague in 1811, and in 1838 it was bought by Moses Abbott and Francis Wires, who laid out the town, assisted by James Boyle, county surveyor. The village has never been incorporated. The first hotel was kept by David Richardson, who, in 1837, built the house afterward occupied by Joseph C. Miller, and which was destroyed by fire in 1870. Alonzo and Ralph De Lamoter built and kept the first store in Otsego in 1837. The next stores were those of Thomas Wilson and Thomas McCall. The corner store house, afterward occupied by the

In 1866 the village directory contained Joseph C. Simmons, hotel-keeper and farmer, William Yinsel & Co., dry goods, groceries and postoffice; J. M. Lane, physician and surgeon; William Snoots, blacksmith; J. L. Wortman, boots and shoes; Kinsey Wortman, coal dealer; Elias Sprague general store; Douglass Bell, M D. ; Barton Cone, justice of the peace and farmer. Dr. Alonzo Delamater named the town after Otsego, N. Y. Originally the eastern portion of the town was owned by Moses Abbott and the western portion by Francis Wires.

In 1880 the village contained twenty- seven houses and 120 inhabitants. The two hotels were kept by Joseph C. Miller and Joseph C. Simmons. Mr. A. Y. P. Hager was postmaster and also kept a general variety store. Boyce and Cowden were in the same buisness. Thomas H. Davis was proprietor of a shoe shop and grocery. E. H. Bradford was a cabinet-maker. The millinery business was represented by Catherine C. Wortman and Phoebe Riney.

William and Alfred Smith were in the coal business. Dr. A. L. Jackson -was proprietor of a drug store, while James T. Case and Isaac Mc- Graw were the blacksmiths of the town. John Hammond had a wagon shop, Marquis Norris was a harness-maker, and Walker & Co., were tanners.

Otsego is surrounded by a good agricultural growing section, and contains about 150 inhabitants and is distant about eighteen miles from the county seat. It has a good public school building, two churches and a number of business houses. Barclay & Ross, general merchandise; Cowden & Boyce, general merchandise; John Hammond, wagon- maker; Hamilton & Watkins, millers; Otsego Flouring mills; J. T. Riney, contractor and undertaker; Isaac McGraw, blacksmith and old soldier; Jesse Ridgway, son of Basil Ridgway a pioneer of Adams township, is a prominent business man of Otsego, and engaged extensively in buying and selling horses.

The Methodist Episcopal church is the first organization in Monroe township. It was founded in 1816 by William Knox and Jacob Young, who instituted the first class, consisting of the following persons: Charles Marquand; Samuel Sprague; George Bainter, his wife, Lydia, and their son, John; Miss Jack; Ashfield Watrous and his wife, Elizabeth. The first preaching was at the house of George Bainter, and Charles Marquand was the first class-leader. In 1828 this organization was absorbed by the Methodist Protestant church.

Palmer, class-leader, and his wife, Margaret; David Richardson and his wife, Mary; James Holcomb and his wife, Electa; James Sprague and his wife, Susannah; Samuel Sprague; Elijah Sprague and his wife, Elizabeth. This is now the Pleasant Valley Methodist Episcopal church.

Rev. J. P. Durbin, of the Zanesville circuit, formed a class as follows: William Clark, his wife, Nancy, and their family; Hugh Ballentine, his wife, Mary, and their family; Charles Wilcox, his wife* Naucy, and their family. This was in the year 1822. Meetings were held at the house of Hugh Ballentine, where the class was originally organized, until 1848. This year a frame church was built, but was destroyed by fire in 1854 and rebuilt, the same size, in 1855. This church became the Maysville Methodist Episcopal church.

Otsego Baptist church was organized by members of the Salem Township Baptist church, for the pui'pose of having religious services nearer at home. It was constituted July 20, 1844, by Elder William Sedwick, who officiated as pastor until May 19, 1849, when he resigned. The membership was as follows: C. G. Sedwick, H. C. Sedwick, Asheba Lane, Ruth Nash, William Emler, Mary Emler, Drucilla Richardson, Jared Cone Sr., Eliza Cone, Nelson F. Richardson, Elizabeth Emler, Sarah Bradford, Philip Darner, Rebecca Darner, Harriet E. Frazier, Maria Wortman, Ellen Trimble, Charles Foster, Margaret Foster, Elizabeth Buker, James Trimble, Mary Trimble, Robert Trimble, William Hague, Louis Lane, Gilbert Ross, Casper Bradford, Barton Cone, Charles Frazier, Rebecca Trimble, Margaret Ross, Abraham Emler, Daniel Milton, Susan Milton, George Milton, Mary J. Milton, David McVickar, Elizabeth McVickar, Sarah Sprague, James Reed, Matilda A. Reed.

The Otsego Presbyterian church was organized in 1848, the original founders being Rev. William Wilson and Rev. William Wallace - the first name given was Mount Pleasant Presbyterian church, which was afterward changed to Otsego Presbyterian church, the new and old divisions of the church uniting. The original members were: Arthur Hamilton and his wife Catherine, Samuel Hamilton and his wife, Malcolm McNeil and his wife Isabel, John McNeil and his wife Margery, Malcolm McNeil 2d and his wife Eliza, Mary McNeil, Margaret Mc- Neil, James McNeil and his sisters Margaret, Sarah, Margery and Mary. In 1849 a frame church was completed, on land owned by Malcolm McNeil, and afterward donated to this church by his heirs. The first pastor was Rev. William Wallace, who died in 1852. The first elders were Arthur Hamilton, John McNeil and Malcolm Mc- Neil. The present deacons are Malcolm McNeil 2d, and Samuel Hamilton.

Union Chapel Methodist Protestant church was organized in 1860, at a private house, by the Rev. H. T. Lawson; class-leader was Robert Donaldson. The following were the original members of the class: G. W. Vensel and wife Sarah Ann, Samuel Echelberry and his wife Charity, Hannah Elsen, Alice Elsen, Nancy Donaldson, Frances Holcomb, Susan Holcomb, Elijah Sprague, Elizabeth Sprague.

The first carpenter was John Thompson. Parker Shepardson was the first blacksmith. His shop was on White Eyes creek. In 1835 Thomas McCall introduced the first threshing machine; it was a tread power. In 1835 John S. Abbott brought the first mowing machine into the township. In October, 1820, Samuel Sprague and Mary Snoat were married, and it was the first marriage in Monroe township. On July 29, 1814, Levina Sprague was born. She was the first white child born in the township, and the daughter of James and Susannah Sprague. In 1813 Martin Richardson built on section 19 the first frame house. In 1812 the first, wagon was brought into the township. In 1819 David Richardson built the first brick house in the township. In 1814 Mary Stoner, who came from Pennsylvania with her husband, taught the first school in the township in her own house, which was on section 13. In 1816 Mary Richardson, wife of David Richardson, taught the second school in the township at her residence one-half mile south of Otsego.

Barton Cone (deceased) was born in Monroe township, son of Jared Cone, the pioneer, was a substantial farmer of Monroe township, and a soldier in the 100 days' service. He was deacon of the Baptist church many years, and justice of the peace, and was familiarly known as Squire Cone. He accumulated a handsome property, and was a man of untarnished integrity. Col. Joseph Walker (deceased) was a commissioned officer in the old militia. On August 12, 1825, he settled in Monroe township from Pennsylvania. He was many years engaged in the tanning business at Otsego. Col. Walker was commissioned by Gov. Joseph Vance, as adjutant of the Fifth regiment, Second brigade, Fifteenth division of the militia of Ohio. His sword and commission have both been preserved. He took a great pride in the respectable and intelligent body of descendants who claimed him as their ancestor. Robert Boyce, (deceased), for years a prosperous merchant of Adamsville, died in Otsego in 1881. He was a native of Ireland, and came to America in 1828, and in 1836 settled in Madison township. He was the father of Richard Boyce, a jnominent business man of Otsego.

EWTON township lies in the southwestern corner of the county, its western and part of its southern boundary being the county line. It is bounded north by Hopewell and Springfield, east by Springfield and Brush Creek and partially on the south by Clay. Jonathan's creek, the principal stream, flows in an irregular course through the central portion of the township,, its two forks and their tributaries - Buckeye fork, Kent's run, Thompson' s run, One Mile run, Two Mile run, Three Mile run and other streams - rendering it one of the best watered townships in the county. The excellence of the clay of this township for the purposes of the potter has rendered the making of pottei-y ware a leading industry here. This part of the county was formerly a favorite resort of the Shawnee Indians and game and fish were abundant. The first land within the present borders of this township that was entered for settlement was the west half of section 23, township 15, range 14, by Jacob Smith in 1797. Smith came from Virginia and settled on this land about 1802. His homestead was the one known as the John Smith place, his son John having lived on it after the death of the pioneer. It appears that Smith was not the first actual settler, however, for Andrew Crooks and his wife, also from Virginia, located about 1800 on a part of section 6, near where Newtonville now is, where his son, George Crooks, afterward lived. About the same time, John Axline, from Bucks county, Penn., settled on the southeast quarter of section 34. Dr. Kent located near where Newtonville now is, about 1802 and seems to have remained only long enough to give his name to Kent's run. About 1805 Benjamin Croy, Jacob Baker, Peter Fauley and Daniel Horn located in this township. Chauncey Ford located near where Roseville now is some time in 1804. Lewis Nye located and made improvements on section 9 about the same time. David Olive came with him, but died from a rattlesnake bite during the year 1804. Together these two men bargained for a half section of land that had previously been entered by one Jennings.

Soon after he came, Andrew Crooks donated the use of sufficient land for a schoolhouse in which a school was opened by a well-educated Scotchman named William McElree. This was doubtless the first school in the township. On the Springer place a schoolhouse was built very early in the present century, which has been referred to as the "Springer schoolhouse " and " the schoolhouse up Buckeye." The first teacher there was Timothy Wheeler, whose successor was Thomas H. Dalson, Not long afterward a school was established on the Abbott place. In the old log schoolhouse on the Rankin place Daniel Poe taught about 1810, and ten years later James D. Luke and Mary Walpole and Noah Tanner were among the pupils there. About this time, or a little earlier, perhaps, the Uniontown school was opened in Fultenham. The primitive schoolhouse on Crooks' land gave place later to a more modern structure known as the Lamb schoolhouse which was built not far from the old site, and that in turn to another on the old Athens road, a few miles from Roseville, which was known as the Walpole schoolhouse. Another school on the Maysville pike, a mile west of Newtonville, was taught by George Spencer, among whose pupils were Mrs. Elijah Rankin, Jonathan Hatcher and Jonas Burton. The early schools were all subscription schools. The first common school was opened in Uniontown just prior to 1850 and was under the supervision of Rev. William Ferguson, who was president of the school board.

Newton township was organized early in 1802. The first township trustees were John Beckwith, Andrew Crooks and Benjamin Redman. The first clerk was Isaac Carter. The first justices of the peace were Alexander Nolan and Jacob Crooks. The first constables were William McElree and William Lawrence, though the latter is said to have been acting constable only. Early in the history of the township Isaac Carter was a justice of the peace, and in 1823 William Anderson was first elected, who held the office for about two decades. Early elections were held at the house of Squire Nolan, who lived southeast of the pres-

Andrew Crooks, the pioneer, was a man of enterprise. There was no road between his place and Powell's mill, and he cut one and that turned the tide of travel in his direction to some extent. His next venture was the opening of his house as an inn, about 1804. An idea of the thinness of the population at that time may be gained from the fact that though a " raising " was an important event, only the following named persons were present at the raising of Crook's house: Joseph

Carpenter, David Olive, Henry Crooks, Solomon Hodge, Isaac Martin, John Mathias, Mary Crooks and Peggy Carpenter. Crooks died about 1850, aged over seventy years, and at that time had kept the house for more than forty five years. The first hewed-log house in this section was built by Lewis Nye, where Newtonville now is, about 1809 or 1810. Moses Plummer built the first saw and gristmill in the township, near the locality of where Wills Bros.' large mill was later built, on Jonathan's creek, a mile east of where Uniontown now is. James Jeffries had a mill in the township about 1807, and another was built a year later by Caleb and Isaac Jones. Crook's mill was built about 1812. On the site of the old Jeffries mill a mill was built six years later by John Harrington for Jacob Smith. A few years afterward John Smith was the lessee of this mill, which was finally destroyed by fire. About 1838 or 1840 the Joneses - Isaac, Caleb and Moses, erected a mill on the creek. Benjamin Bedman started the first tannery, a little west of the bridge spanning Jonathan's creek. John Hendricks, father of the late Hon. Thomas A. Hendricks, of Indiana, early had a tannery near the site of Uniontown, on the same stream. In an advertisement which appeared in the issue of the Zanesville "Express" for September 23, 1818, S. H. Raymenton informed the public that the clothier's works on Jonathan's creek, about four miles from Zanesville, formerly owned by John Harrington, and at that time owned by John Slack, were in operation and that he would receive cloth at the houses of Andrew Crooks, David Tipton, Levi Chapman, and at his own house, in Putnam, to which places the cloth would be returned when dressed, he having a varied stock of dye stuffs, and workmen who so well understood the business as to be able to form any color desired. He stated, also, that he would receive wheat, rye, corn, oats, flaxseed, beans, etc., in payment. Jacob Ronie established the first pottery some time prior to 1815. The next was established by A. Ensminger some time subsequent to 1825. Joseph Rambo established his pottery in 1863, and Harrison Settle began in the same line of manufacture at Newtonville about eleven years later. Jacob Funk set up his forge where Uniontown now is, about 1812. That he was an artist as well as a fine mechanic appears from the fact that he not only made very presentable swords for use during the war of 1812-14, but dies from which were printed some of the " script" in circulation in those days. About the same time William Bush began blacksmithing near Funk. Thomas Brown opened his shop a little before 1840. Another old disciple of Vulcan who was long popular in the township was Gabnet Keyes.

Newtonville (White Cottage postoffice and station) is a town on the line of the Columbus, Shawnee & Hocking railroad, eight miles from Zanesville. It has telephone connection with Newark, Columbus, Lancaster and Zanesville. This is the center of a good local trade. Darlington, or Newton postoffice, is located at the junction of the Columbus, Shawnee & Hocking and the Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley railroads. It is a small hamlet, having little trade. The most important trade center and shipping point in the township is Uniontown (Fultonham station and postoffice), an incorporated village of about 400 inhabitants, in the western part, ten miles southwest of Zanesville, on the line of the Columbus, Shawnee & Hocking railroad. A short distance below the station is McCrea Park, a pleasure resort fitted up by the railroad company. Uniontown has telephone connection with Zanesville, Columbus, Lancaster, Newark and other points. It is the seat of Fultonham Academy, and here are located Muskingum Lodge No. 368, F. & A. M. ; Ham Gardner Post No. 545, G. A. R.; and Newton Lodge No. 278, I. O. O. F.

FALLS township is bounded north by Muskingum, east by Washington and Zanesville, south by Zanesville and Springfield, and west by Hopewell, and its lines are thus described: " Beginning on the west side of the Licking river, at the corporation line of the city of Zanesville, on what is the 'Military' or 'Base' line; thence west along said line one and a half miles to the southeast corner of Hopewell township; thence north along the line of said township to the southeasterly corner of Licking and southwesterly corner of Muskingum townships; thence east along the south line of Muskingum township to the Muskingum river; thence in a southerly direction along and down said river to the corporation line of the city of Zanesville; thence west and south around the said corporation of Zanesville to the place of beginning."

The surface of this township is undulating and not unpicturesque. The slopes near the river are called the first and second bottoms. The soil is a sandy loam, quite productive, in the bottoms; on the uplands a clay subsoil, exceedingly rich. The forests which once covered this section were composed of chestnut, elm, ash, hickory, walnut, beech, maple and the different varieties of oak. Sandstone and limestone have been found here and iron also exists, and some parts yield a good quality of coal. Potter's clay is found also.

The Licking river flows through the southwestern portion of Falls township, and to it Bartlett's, Devere's and Timber runs are tributary. There are in the township quite a number of constantly flowing springs. About two-thirds of the township lies northeast of the river and the balance southwest.

Falls township was organized March 9, 1808 September 3, 1817, a portion of West Zanesville was attached. In October, 1870, West Zanesville was set off and constituted a part of the city of Zanesville. This township originally included Muskingum.

trading post - was established at Zanestown and regular commerce was begun between the whites and Indians. The title of pioneer settler is awarded by common consent to Edward Tanner, who located near the south bank of the Licking, about seven miles above its mouth. Tanner, who was born in Virginia on the south branch of the Potomac, had at the age of sixteen been captured by the Indians who kept him a prisoner at upper Sandusky, Ohio, for three years and a half, finally releasing him and permitting him to return to his former home. After his marriage he came to this locality above referred to and there built a cabin and lived at peace with his aboriginal neighbors, with whom he is said to have maintained friendly relations by recourse to a system of fair dealing that should have commended itself to others similarly situated who came to grief because they did not recognize its efficacy. There his son, Samuel Tanner, was born in 1792, and at a later date Capt. William C. Tanner. Soon after the year 1800 Tanner built the first hewed-log house in the county and moved into it from his primitive cabin. This pioneer died in 1831. About a year after him came Baltzer Fletcher, also a Virginian, who located east of Tanner's, and John Kinkead, from New Jersey, came in 1795. About two years later John Ratliff and Elias Hughes located not far from the mouth of the Licking. They came from Virginia and are said to have been typical frontier scouts. They were not permanent settlers here, but removed about twenty miles up the river within a year of their coming. About 1798 one Priest located in this township, though the exact place of his settlement is unknown. The following reference-to him has been found: " Mr. Priest, wife and six children, the youngest in arms, removed from Culpeper county, Va., 400 miles away, the parents walking, the mother carrying her babe, while the other children and their household goods and furniture were transported on pack horses. Mrs. Priest lived to be one hundred, and two years old." About 1800 Abel Lewis came from Pennsylvania, making the journey on foot, and it is related of him that at night he secured his arm to a high limb in a tree with his pockethandkerchief and slept in the tree top secure from danger from wild beasts. He was a surveyor and from 1803 to 1811 was clerk of the court. In 1812 he took up his residence on the farm, since known as that of his son, George J. Lewis. In 1804 John Channel located temporarily near the mouth of the Licking, subsequently removing to a point further up the river. He was well known as a hunter. William Kamp was an early settler and in 1807 Frederick Geyer was living on the Lewis Lane farm. Moses Dillon, the elder, from Pennsylvania, visited this part of the country about 1804. He came as the traveling companion of a Quaker preacher, whose objective point was the camping ground of the Wyandot Indians at the head waters of the Coshocton branch of the Muskingum. and who bad then attained the age of three-score and ten. The great water power afforded by the falls of the Licking and his discovery of iron ore in the vicinity determined him to locate here, and he soon purchased about 3,000 acres of land, which included the falls, and in 1805 settled there permanently, establishing what was doubtless the first furnace and foundry west of the Alleghanies and subsequently engaged in other enterprises which are mentioned elsewhere. Charles and John Roberts, who came into this township prior to 1810, were the first surveyors, if tradition is to be relied on. One Wood word, who assisted Edward Tanner in the erection of his hewed log house, is thought to have been the first carpenter.

The old village of Dillon's Falls has been referred to. Its beginning was the location there of Moses Dillon, who, about 1805, put in operation a foundry and furnace and began the manufacture of hollow ware. After he opened his store this became an important trading point, and though no town was ever regularly laid out, a goodly number of families settled round about on Mr. Dillon's land. Later enterprises of Mr. Dillon and his sons have received attention elsewhere. John Mc- Intire laid out the village of West Zanesville in 1809, platting squares which he subdivided into lots. The plat was never recorded, however. These lots extended from the north end of the bridge north along River street, and were numbered one to twenty, inclusive. That part of Newtown or the Western Addition, lying west of Blue avenue, was owned by John Lee. This addition was laid out in 1852. Terrace No. 1 and terrace No. 2. both on the John Mclntire land, were laid out in 1855 and 1863, respectively. The village of West Zanesville was incorporated in 1869. Henry Peters was its first mayor and Imri Richards its first recorder. In 1870 this village was annexed to the city of Zanesville, and it has since formed a part of that municipality. A postoffice was established there in 1811, with John S. Parke as postmaster. A distillery was established near here about eighty years ago, by James Thorp, and another was put in operation later on the Snider farm by James Fulton, which afterward passed to the possession and management of Joseph Belknap.

The mail route from Zanesville to Newark was opened through this township in 1806, and the mails were for a time carried on horseback. Neile, Moore & Co. put on a line of stages in 1825, and perhaps a little later John S. Dugan operated another line between the same terminal points by way of Irville and Nashport. The construction of the branch of the Baltimore & Ohio system, extending from Columbus to Wheeling, and formerly known as the Central Ohio railroad, marked the advent of this modern improvement in this township. Dillon's Falls is a station on this line. The National jfike or National road, extending from Washington, D. C., to St. Louis, Mo., was constructed in 1830, and the part of it traversing this township has since afforded better facilities for road traffic than any other highway within or partially within its borders.

A Mr. Black is said to have been the pioneer pedagogue, and is accredited with having taught a school near the boundary line of Falls and Hopewell townships as early as 1801. The first schoolhouse was erected on the William Search farm, in the southwest corner of the township, about 1804. Another early teacher was Mr. Ranney, who taught on the Camp farm, north of the Licking. Moses Dillon and his sons opened the first store at Dillon's Falls about 1806, bringing their miscellaneous merchandise in by packhorse for some years. Rev. James B. Findley, of the Methodist persuasion, preached about 1810 in the tavern house of Henry Dick, at Dillon's Falls, and organized a class consisting of John Hooper, Jacob Hooper, Mr. and Mrs. Cooper, J. Denlenhiffer and a colored man named Sam Gassaway. Dick's tavern is thought not to have been opened until 1810. John Corbis, of West Zanesville, opened a public house in a log building with a porch, a year earlier. John Lee opened a tavern at Dillon's Falls about 1816. The first gristmill in the township was put in operation at the falls early in the present century by George Jackson. It was located just below Dillon's furnace and was resorted to by settlers for fifty miles round about, who were at times obliged to wait several days for their grists to be ground. William English put a tannery in operation near by about the same time. A salt well was owned and operated on the James Miller farm, in the northeast part of the township, by Gen. Samuel Herrick, some time before 1825. Dr.

Isaac Helmick, who hung out his sign (if sign he had) at West Zanesville, is thought to have been the primitive physician in Falls township.

The furnace and foundry established at Dillon's Falls, in 1805, by Moses Dillon Sr., has been mentioned. About ten years later he erected a flouringmill and two sawmills near the Falls. These enterprises were important for that time, considering the locality, and it is said that at times more than a hundred men were employed in carrying them on. With the store (opened about 1806) they formed the nucleus of a settlement which at one time included about half a hundred families. Mr. Dillon died in 1828 at the advanced age of ninety-four years. His sons, John, Isaac and Moses Jr., were men of good judgment and much business ability. The former operated the foundry for some years after the death of the father. About sixty-five or seventy years ago Isaac engaged in the manufacture of linseed oil, cloths, including cassimeres and satinets, and carpets, in West Zanesville, at the mouth of the Licking, where he had also a sawmill and a store, and for some years his business was quite extensive. Both John and Isaac Dillon were well known farmers and fruit growers, and the latter introduced the breeding of Merino sheep and raised much fine stock. They were prominent in the organization, in 1836, of the Muskingum County Agricultural society, of which the former was the first president. John Dillon died at the age of eighty-six years in 1862.

Thomas Wilkins, on the National pike, five miles west of Zanesville, began the manufacture of pottery in 1874, and about the same time a second pottery was established in this township near the falls of the Licking. Philip Mourin discovered limestone in the Newtonville strata, and above it iron ore of good quality, and in a deposit about half a foot in thickness. Prior to 1880 a good deal of this iron ore was hauled to Zanesville and consumed in the furnace there. About 1874 Mr. Mourin, in company with D. Hatton, began the operation of a lime kiln not far below the Falls, which they continued successfully until about twelve years ago. About 100 bushels of lime were produced daily by a continuous burner, and found a ready market in Zanesville. Below the limestone at Dillon's Falls is a strata of magnesian limestone from four to ten feet thick, which has been used to advantage in architecture, it being soft and readily shaped when first quarried, and having the advantage of hardening under brief atmospheric exposure. William Trago began to burn brick in Falls township in 1808, near the A. M. Hollingsworth place, about two miles from Zanesville. About a year later the Muskingum river was first dammed at Zanesville, a little above the site of the present dam, and the grist, saw and oilmills of George Jackson were put in operation on the west side of the river, and not far distant, on the same side a forwarding and commission warehouse was erected by James Taylor. It was about this time, too, that the gristmill of Richard Fairlamb and Michael Dulty was erected on the west side a little below the dam, which mill later became the property of J. & R. Drone, and not long afterward was erected Gillespie's linseed oilmill, near the present site of the west abutment of the railway bridge, which subsequently came into the possession of R. N. & D. Dunlap, who converted it into a broomhandle and clothespin factory. The present dam was built in 1838 by state appropriation. Glen Moore nursery, near Zanesville, was established by S. Jacobs Moore about 1856.

The Quaker burying-ground, a mile west of Zanesville, near the mouth of Timber run, was the first graveyard opened in this township. The ground, an acre in area, was donated by John Dillon Sr., more than fourteen years ago, and among the first interments there were those of William Tudor and members of his household. On the north side of the National pike, about two miles from Zanesville, is the Jewish burying-ground, which was laid out twenty -one years ago, and has been improved.

Mention has been made of the first preaching in the township by Rev. James B. Findley (Methodist), in 1810, and the organization, by him, of the first "class" of worshipers of that denomination. Through Mr. Findley's influence a hewed-log church was erected, not long afterward, by a popular subscription, which was dedicated, before it was finished, by Bishop McKendree, who preached from these words: "And upon this rock I will build my church. " Many years later this primitive structure was superseded by a frame building. The influence of Rev. Mr. Findley seems to have been exerted for the good of the people at Dillon's Falls in more ways than one, and it is related that some time in 1810 he called the settlers together, and, standing on au inverted kettle, delivered to them such a strong plea in behalf of temperance that every one present signed and long kept the pledge. Rev. George Ellis was another early Methodist "itinerant" who preached in this township. Rev. David Sherrard wasthe first regular class-leader and preacher at the Falls. In the northwest part of this township a Methodist organization, known as "Hayne's" or "Hooper's" society, was effected. A house of worship was erected about 1810, which, on account of a burned log in one of its walls, was popularly known as "Black Log church," though by some it was called "the chapel." orgauized and its bouse of worship was erected soon after 1840. The building is located on the Zanesville and Dresden road, about five miles from Zanesville. Among the original members of this church were the families of F. N. Walker, S. M. Bell, Nathan Kelly, E. Wilkinson and Simeon Kelly, and their heads. Oakland church was organized in 1844, and among its constituent members were J. Pake, John Vandenbark, D. Edwards, William Camp and Mrs. J. Geyer, and their families. Rev. W. H. Marshall was the first regular pastor. William Camp, John Vandenbark and David Edwards were the first class-leaders.

The land on which the house of worship stands was donated to the organization by C. C. Goddard, of Zanesville, who deeded it to John Vandenbark and William Camp, as trustees. The Methodist Protestant church of Falls township was organized about 1835, at John Tanner's house, where Revs. Joseph Thrapp and Cornelius Springer preached at times. The house of worship, near the center of the western border of the township, was erected in 1850. Rev. Mr. Thrapp also preached occasionally in the schoolhouse on the Frazeysburg road, which Avas erected more than fifty years ago on land donated for the purpose by John Vandenbark.

THIS, the second from west to east of the second tier of townships of the county from the northern limit, is bounded north by Jackson, Cass and Madison, east by Madison and Washington, south by Falls and west by Licking. The Muskingum river flows along its eastern border. Devore's run, which has its source in Cass township flows southeasterly through the western part of Muskingum. There are in the township some smaller streams, and some never- failing springs. The general surface is undulating, but in the eastern part, near the river, are prominent headlands, some of which rise quite abruptly. The soil is chiefly a sandy loam, though in the headlands spoken of is found a predominant clayey subsoil. Coal is plentiful in the eastern portions, and iron has been found. The principal timber trees are the oaks, hickory, ash, elm, beech, chestnut and walnut. There is an abundance of sandstone and limestone. The stone is of good quality and well adapted to building purposes. The township is traversed by the Cleveland & Canton and Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley railroads. Ellis, eight miles north of Zanesville, and seven miles south of Dresden, in the eastern jrart of this township, on the western bank of the Muskingum river, a station on these lines was founded, and its postoffice was established a little more than twenty years ago.

Zanesville was divided between this and Falls township. On the last Saturday in the same month the first township election is said to have been held at the house of Capt. James Taylor. Among those who were elected to office was Henry Butler, justice of the peace.

Among the early settlers in this township were David Devore, James Black, James Beach, John Bland, Elijah Stradley, Ebenezer Ryan, Timothy Prior, Jesse Dowell, William Bland, Levi Cooper, George Welsh, Samuel McCann and Joseph Spencer. The first three named came about 1797, and were the first white men to make a home in this township. Devore at first located and erected a cabin near the Muskingum, in the east part of the present township but removed to a place on the south half of section 0, township 2, range 8, near the stream since known as Devore's run. One of the others located on the Stitt farm. The third was of an unsettled disposition and did not choose a permanent home. John Bland who located on a part of section 13, is thought to have come the next year, and Silas Bland, his son, was born in camp before his parents had got settled in their wilderness home. Stradley and Ryan came in the year last mentioned and the former located on lot 36. William, brother of John Bland, came in 1803, and Cooper, Welsh, McCann and Spencer five years later. Rev. Joseph Thrapp, John Dorsey and Samuel Guest settled in the township in 1810, Dorsey on the west part of section 4.

Thrapp who had come from Virginia to Licking county, settled upon the J. E. Trapp farm in the southwest corner of the township. Samuel Baxter and Henry J. Butler came in 1812, the latter locating north of Thrapp. Three years later came J. M. Lane, a blacksmith, who located on section 19. He came from Baltimore county, Md., and Norman Gorsuch, from the same locality arrived soon afterward and located on the Joshua Gorsuch farm. He brought with him his family and his household effects, and it is said that they covered a distance of 375 miles intervening between their old home and their new one in twenty-two days. Joshua Gorsuch, a son of the pioneer, married a daughter of Rev. Mr. Thrapp, and lived to an advanced age. Norman Gorsuch died aged seventy-three years.

Timothy Prior, one of the pioneers, died in 1799, and his is believed to have been the first burial in the township. Two other pioneers, Jesse Dowell and James Devore, died the following year. The Gardner farm was the scene of their burial, and thus became the township's first cemetery. William Bland and Daniel Devore set out the first orchards in the first year of the present century, and not long afterward an apple and peach orchard was started by George Welsh. The first he wed-log house was erected by David Devore in 1798. It is stated that the first barn built in Muskingum township was one on the George Welsh farm, erected by Richard Owens, carpenter, about 1810, and it is believed that Owens was the first regular carpenter here. John M. Lane combined blacksmithing with farming, and was known as a blacksmith in this township prior to 1815. In the year last mentioned, or in 1816, Beal Owens set up his forge, and soon afterward another blacksmith shop was established by Otto Miller. David Devore built the first gristmill on Devore's run in 1812, or thereabouts. This establishment was one ^ of the most primitive description, it being necessary to carry the ground wheat upstairs in sacks on men's shoulders for bolting, and the bolting was done by hand at that. About the same time Rev. Joseph Thrapp put a sawmill in operation on his improvement. Devore's gristmill gave place to a sawmill, which was standing there about 1825, then the property of Elias Green. Dutton Lane established a tannery on the Dresden road about 1812, and Firman Spencer another in his part of the township about five years later. Among early school teachers were Sanford Raimy, John Elliott, Archibald McCann, a man named Phelps, and another named Shurtliffe or Shutliff, who is thought to have taught the first school in the township in the Pierson schoolhouse about 1815. David Pierson and James Welsh are accredited with having been actively engaged in the management of a distillery prior to 1820. Another was established near the river by Col. George Jackson about 1818 or 1819. Michael Hahn was operating a distillery in the township in 1824, or about that time. Col. Jackson, above mentioned, was making salt in the eastern par-t of the township, near the river, as early as 1821. The first public house was opened by David Devore, at his residence, as early as 1812. The house of Dutton Lane was thrown open to the public traveling over the Zanesville and Coshocton road about 1820. The Devore log house was primitive enough as a tavern, but Lane's was still more so, for it is said to have contained only one room, and that a by no means large one. Firman Spencer, above mentioned, erected the first brick house in Muskingum in 1825, near where Shannon was laid out five years later. Robert Welsh opened the first store in that locality about 1845. It is stated that at that time, when wheat was unsaleable at 20 cents a bushel in trade, its producers had to pay three to four shillings per yard for calico, 50 cents and more a pound for coffee, and $2 a pound for tea. Silver coin and scrip were employed in all transactions where barter was not resorted to of necessity, and there are those who say that coins were cut in halves and quarters when change could not be made conveniently without.

Early in the history of the township blooded horses were brought from Maryland and Virginia by some of the pioneers. Joshua Gorsuch introduced imported hogs about 1828 to 1830. A little later Isaac Dillon of Falls township introduced an improved breed of sheep. Joshua Gorsuch, John M. Lane, Col. Ellis, John McDonald, and some of the Welshes and Blands were extensive and successful sheep growers. Durham cattle were introduced by James Still and James McCammon.

Rev. Joseph Thrapp, who was a Methodist minister of much ability, well known throughout a wide extent of country, organized the first church in the township at his residence in 1810, with himself and family and John Thrapp and Messrs. Hickson and Hall and their families as members. Rev. James Quinn was the first pastor. This organization has had a successful existence, and dur- Tng recent years has met for worship at Sherrard chapel. In 1815 a camp meeting was held by the Methodists on Mr. Thrapp' s farm, and among those who preached were Bishops McKendree and Asbury, as they have since been known. Conversions were numerous, a notable one having been that of Samuel Hamilton, of Hopewell, who subsequently became a preacher in the same denomination, and as such labored successfully during a long and useful life. The first Sundayschool was started by Archibald McCaun, who taught the Bible all day Sunday, as he taught ordinary school on other days. He is remembered as having had the welfare of the young people of his community at heart, and as being profoundly devoted to their spiritual and educational interests. An old newspaper contains an account of his accidental death by drowning in the canal at Zanesville some time in the latter part of March, 1839, by walking off the abutment of the open drawbridge. In 1813 the Baptists organized a church sometimes called the Baxter church, with the following among its constituent members: Samuel

Baxter, John Dorsey, and Samuel Guest and their wives and Mrs. Henry Butler, Mrs. Lane, and Mrs. Eastenbauer. Rev. Amos Nix was the first pastor. The house of worship of this congregation is located on the John Welsh farm. The Presbyterian church in the western part of the township was organized in 1814. Its first pastor was Rev. James Culbertson, of Zanesville. Among its original members were David Pierson and family, in whose honor it has sometimes been referred to as the Pierson church, Joseph McDonald and family and members of the Welsh family. The church and cemetery lot was given by David Pierson and George Welsh. A Sunday-school was organized about 1850. St Mary's Catholic church was organized at the residence of William Mattingly in 1834, and was ministered to by the Dominican fathers of Zanesville until 1855. In 1856 a commodious brick edifice was erected on John Mattingly's farm, on a church lot of an acre which Mr. Mattingly had given. The building was furnished by Francis Mattingly.

Early deaths in the township have been mentioned, and early burials on the Gardner farm have been noted. There were other early interments on the Joshua Butler farm. Many pioneers and their descendants are buried in the Baptist and Presbyterian cemeteries, the first mentioned of which comprises three acres of ground. The first burial in the Catholic cemetery was that of William Mattingly who died in 1857, aged about seventy-five.

THE first actual settler here was probably James Finley, a Pennsylvanian, who came to the township about 1801 or 1802. His occupation was that of a weaver, and he afterward supplied many of his neighbors, the early settlers of the township, with the homespun cloth of which the clothing worn by them was always made. Abraham Mercer soon followed Finley to this township, coming from Virginia, and in the fall of 1803 settled on section 6. Caleb Dunn reached the same section in 1805, coming from Scioto, to which place he had taken his family the preceding year. Nicholas Border and Lewis Cams came soon after, Border taking a piece of land in the south half of section 1 in the latter part of 1806, and Cams coming the following year, took up land adjoining Dunn, in section 6. Lemuel Joseph about the same time occupied a portion of section 10.

The period of time prior to 1820 was marked by a rapid and steady growth of settlement. Among those who settled here during that period were John Kepler, Rev. William Sedwick, William Pringle, John, Jake, Andrew and George Mercer, Gen. Samuel Herrick, Rev. Pringle, Thomas

John S. Parkerson, George W. Gibbons, Daniel McLean, Josiah Fulkerson. The western part of the township was settled largely by Germans, among whom were Bowman, Glassman, Corbin, Deffenbaugh, Swope, Lehman and others, whose children and grandchildren reside in the vicinity and exhibit the same industry and integrity that characterized their fathers.

Several distilleries were operated in the township. John Kepler's still, in the northern part, was one of the first, and probably the principal one in the neighborhood. William Corbin made whisky in a small way about a mile from Kepler's. Whisky was worth from 18 to 20 cents per gallon, and the quality so excellent that old residents smack their lips when speaking of it, bemoan the degeneracy of the manufacturers of the "poison" of these days and sigh for the good old times, with old-time pleasures and customs.

acknowledged. Many of the early settlers of this township were members of church before leaving their r^tive states, and on coming to Ohio brought their religion with them. These realizing the strength to be obtained by concerted action organized a Methodist Episcopal church at the house of Lemuel Joseph, who was the first class-leader. Services were held at the house of Mr. J oseph and others for a time, after which a log church was built. Some of the early members of the church were Lemuel and Celia Joseph, Andrew, Mary, John and Elizabeth Mercer, Margaret Watts. James Watts was the pioneer preacher of this church. The first meeting house, known as Joseph's meeting house, was built of logs. It stood and was used as a place of worship until destroyed by fire. The present structure, known as "Fairview Chapel," marks the site of the old meeting house. A goodly number of the pioneers were of the Baptist church, among whom we note the families of Caleb Dunn, Evan Crane, William Evans, Daniel Comstock, Lewis Ayers, David Leright, Mrs. Groves, Mrs. Moore, Galbreath and Johnson. Revs. Pringle and Sedwick were the pioneer preachers, who worked in the fields or forests during the week and on Sundays would preach at the house of some settler in the neighborhood, preaching without pay.

Religion and education go hand in hand, and the pioneers of Wayne township realizing this fact, soon after the organization of the church set about securing educational advantages for their children. About 1815 a log schoolhouse was erected on what is now the farm of W. Dunn, to whom we are indebted for nearly all our information concerning this primitive structure. This "temple of learning" was built of round logs, the crevices " chinked and plastered with clay. In one end was a fireplace which would burn large logs eight feet or more in length. It was the duty of the boys attending the school to cut the wood which was burned. In this building a log was cut out at the proper hight to afford light in the room, and paper rendered translucent with grease was placed in the opening so formed. The floor was rough puncheons, the seats were of slabs or split trees with peg legs. Holes were bored in the walls of the building and wooden pins inserted on these slabs or hewed puncheon were placed for desks. In a house of this description some of the most worthy men of the county laid the foundations of successful lives. The schools were supported entirely by subscription of the patrons, and seldom continued longer than three months.

The first death in the settlement of which we find any record is that of Asa Dunn, a son of Caleb Dunn, who died the year after his parents removed this township and was buried on his father's

Probably the first blacksmith in the township was Charles Lisk at Duncan's Falls, another at same place was a man named Munsey. For many years the nearest smith was at Zanesville, where all horses were taken to be shod and all repairwork and plow making was done. Edward Trimble for many years ran a shop at the Falls. Michael Cams was probably the first wagonmaker in the township, his shop was in the northeast part of the township near the residence of Robert Griffin. A man named Morrison made shoes at Duncan's Falls at an early day.

Prior to 1835 the only way known to the settlers by which to separate wheat from the straw and chaff was by use of the flail or by treading out the grain with horses, a slow and imperfect process. In the fall of that year Robert Griffin introduced a threshing-machine operated by tread-mill horse power. This, though it would now be considered a very primitive affair, was then a wonderful machine, as by its use as much as a hundred bushels could be threshed in a day if conditions were favorable.

Wayne township was organized from parts of Zanesville and Salt Creek townships, March 7, 1826. Pursuant to this order the election was held at the house of Joseph Dixon, at which Samuel Scott, Mathias Spangler and Jacob Mercer presided as judges of election, and Edward Smith and Thomas Leach officiated as clerks.

The offices to be filled at this election were, three trustees, five supervisors, two overseers of the poor, a treasurer, two fence- viewers, one clerk, and two constables. The successful candidates were: for trustees, John S. Parkinson, Jacob Mercer, Mathias Spangler; for supervisors, Samuel Scott, Edwin Smith, David McLean, Daniel Poland, Mathias Spangler Jr. ; for overseers of the poor, Lemuel Joseph, Benjamin Carter; for treasurer, Richard Brookover; for fence-viewers, Benjamin Barton, Daniel McLean; for clerk, George W. Gibbons; for constables, John Mason, Jacob Spangler. A little later John S. Parkinson and Mathias Spangler were elected justices of the peace.

The town of Duucan's Falls was originally laid out in 1841, in accordance with an order of the court of common pleas, by John W. Foster, master commissioner, and James Taylor. Two additions to the town were made by Alvah Buckingham, both in 1849. The town has a population (1890) of 222. It has never been incorporated.