Muskingum County, Ohio - Chapter 45, 1892 (part 12 of 31)

The following ministers have gone out from this church: Samuel Williams, George F. Adams, John Maginnis, Thomas M. Erwin, Jeremiah Dale, Benoni Allen, Seth Wickham Joseph Sheppard, Thomas Sheppard, Ely Frey, Joseph and William S. Sedwick and William Ashmore now a missionary in China. There have been organized from the First church four other Baptist churches, viz.: Market Street church, Third church (colored), Sixth Street church and Berean church. In addition to these four organized interests there have gone out from the First church, large numbers of members who have removed to the West; upon one occasion some forty - a number sufficiently large to form another church - took their letters and distributed themselves in Illinois and Iowa. The church has had its years of revival and prosperity as well as of trouble and adversity. In 1832, seventy-six are reported as baptized. In the following year, 1833, 63 were received by baptism, in 1840, 71 and in 1848, 165. The church has numbered, several times before these unhappy divisions, from 250 to 500 members, and notwithstanding the many drawbacks that have occurred in its history, it must be acknowledged that very few churches have ever exerted a wilder and more beneficial influence upon the community in which they were located. *****

In August, 1866, Rev. W. G. Pratt became pastor of this church. His successor was Rev. S. Washington, who came in April, 1868, and closed his labors in October, 1869. During this period the meeting house was repaired and beautified at considerable expense. Rev. E. W. Dannels came in January, 1870, and after leading a successful revival, became pastor in April following. He resigned in 1872, late in the year. The church was supplied by Rev. R. S. James during the winter of i872-'73. Rev. Thomas Powell became pastor April 1, 1873, remaining in that relation until July 1, 1877. From that date until October following, the church had no regular pastor, but had numerous supplies. In that month, Rev. Dr. T. R. Palmer came. January 1, 1880, he offered his resignation to take effect April 1, following. Rev. J. B. Ewell assumed the pastoral relation in May, 1880, and served until 1886. Rev. G. M. Shott was pastor i886-'87; Rev. J. C. Carman, 1 888-'g 1 . The present pastor, Rev. A. M. Worman, has been in charge since 1891.

The inception of the Lutheran church in Zanesville may be traced to Nicholas Border and his wife, who came here in 1803. In the course of human events the infant daughter they brought with them became the wife of John Bowman, who came in 1817, Following him came Jacob Reese, Sr., George Clapper, Michael Sackman, Solomon Myers, Peter Sackman and their wives and Christopher Spangler, who in time began to meet at each other's houses for worship. The first of these cottage meetings was held at the house of a Mr. Schmeltzer, at Fourth and South streets. In those days evangelists traveled over this region, scattering seed-thoughts of faith, and among them were Weiser, Foster and Andrew Hinkle, whose visits were irregular.

The first house of worship built by this denomination was a small frame structure erected in 1818 on the southwest corner of Seventh and South Streets. One of its attractions was a pipe organ made by L. P. Bailey. In 1820, John Alter and Peter Sackman were made elders, Jacob Bowman and Jacob Brock, deacons; John Bowman and Jacob Mercer, trustees; and John Bowman, treasurer of an organization thus perfected. About this time, Jacob Mercer and wife, Mrs. Hannah Smith, Miss Sarah Border and Daniel and Solomon Border were added to the membership. Among the communicants were the pastor's wife and daughter (Mrs. Elizabeth Conway,) and another daughter (Mrs. Susan Cole,) and Charlotte, Charles and Paul Kaemmerer and Mr. and Mrs. Walter Kelly. During eighteen years, the services of this church were conducted in German and English, the former at morning, the latter at afternoon meetings. As their numbers increased, the English speaking portion of the congregation, preferring to have all services in English, determined to reorganize and form a new church, and as an outcome of this determination, St. John's English Evangelical

Lutheran church was organized in 1839, with Jacob Reese and John Alter, Sr., as elders; J. J. Brock and Abraham Alter as wardens; Solomon Deffenbaugh and John Bowman as trustees; Wm. Schultz as secretary and treasurer: and the following and about twenty-five others as members: Nicholas Border and wife, Jacob Reese and wife, John Alter and wife, Peter Sackman and wife, Isabella Ream, John Bowman and wife, Philip Munch and wife, J. J. Brock and wife, Solomon Deffenbaugh, Edney Manley, Margaret Leutz, Mary Mercer, Solomon Reese, Solomon Culp, Frances J. Mooney, Jacob Livingood, Catharine Ritz, Mary Ann Wright, J. K. Wright.

Rev. A. Bartholomew became the pastor, and served until 1843, and was recalled in 1848, and was again pastor. Revs. S'tephen A. Mealy and W. C. Houar filled the interval between 1843 an<J 1848. Rev. A. Borserman succeeded Mr. Bartholomew at the close of his second pastorate, and served the church until dismissed for too pronounced Universaiism. Rev. A. J. Weddell was the next pastor. He continued until 1856, when he resigned and the congre1 gation was disbanded. The property purchased from the Episcopal church was held by the trustees, who continued to care for it.

From 1856 until 1869 there was no English Lutheran pastor settled here, and no English preaching. In the latter year, Rev. J. L. Stirewalt, the traveling missionary of the recently organized General council of the Lutheran church in America, passing through Zanesville, learned of the property still held for an English Lutheran church, and sought out Mr. and Mrs. John Bowman and found them still unconnected with any other church organization. He began services and organized a Sunday school. From this humble commencement the congregation was reorganized, and in 1871 Rev. M. C. Horine, then of Dayton, O., received and accepted a call to become the pastor. He continued until 1873, when he resigned to accept a call to Pennsylvania. In the fall of 1873 Rev. W. P. Ruthrauff, of Akron, O., became the pastor. He continued until his death, which occurred in the spring of 1876. The pastorate was vacant until November of that year, when Rev. F. Richards, of Philadelphia, Pa., received and accepted a call as pastor, and entered upon his duties. He has continued to serve the congregation from that date up to the present writing, being at this time the longest-settled pastor of any denomination in the city.

and the present building erected. This was made possible by the liberal subscription of §5,000 by Mr. and Mrs. John Bowman. The new edifice was dedicated on the first Sunday in Advent, 1878. The sermon was preached by Rev. Samuel Laird, of Pittsburg, Pa. In the year 1881 the parsonage on South Seventh was purchased also, through the liberality of Mr. and Mrs. Bowman. In 1891 the Martin Luther Missionary society of the congregation purchased a lot on Maysville avenue, near Putnam avenue, with the view of establishing a Second English Lutheran congregation in the city. The present board of officers, constituting the church council at the present time, is as follows: Rev. F. Richards, pastor; W. H. Deffenbaugh, treasurer; George C. Dieterly, secretary; Wm. R. Baker, Jacob Beisser, Martin W. Miller, G. J. Crotzer and Henry Cordes.

German Evangelical Peace church dates its origin from 1818. Rev. L. Scheid was the first pastor, and N. Bader, P. Munch, M. Spangler and S. Diefenbach were its first deacons. The original house of worship was erected on the present church site, at the corner of Seventh and Harvey streets and was later enlarged by a considerable addition. The large brick structure now occupied was built in 1864. The church numbers 165 families; there are 150 in the Sunday school, with twenty teachers. In 1824, 1842 and 1864 the constitution of the church was changed, and the present constitution was adopted in 1882. Rev. W. A. Walter, the present pastor, began to serve this church in 1890.

German Evangelical Lutheran Trinity church was organized about 1844 by Rev. Mr. Maenner, with twelve voting members. The succeeding pastors have been Rev. C. Kuehn, Rev. P. Eirich, Rev. H. Craemer, Rev. H. Jehn and Rev. C. A. Frank, the present incumbent. The first regular house of worship was a small brick building at the corner of Seventh and South streets, on the site of the present large brickstructure, which was erected in 1866, at a cost of about §30,000. The number of communicant members is 340. A parochial school was established under the auspices of this church in 1870.

Disciples of Christ church is an old organization. For years it met with more or less regularity in halls in Putnam, Zanesville and West Zanesville. Its house of worship, on the southeast corner of Park and Amelia streets, was erected about eight years ago, and is a wellfinished, slate-roofed frame structure. The membership of the church is about 150, and the pastor is Rev. M. J. Maxwell, who took charge in 1892. During many years this church did not flourish, though its organization was always kept intact, but of late it has had more generous encouragement, is growing and promises to grow, and is doing a good work in the field it 'fills.

The First Congregational church of Zanesville was organized January 1, 1885, and was reorganized by council February 24 following. Rev. George D. Herron was the first pastor. His successors have been the following, in the years mentioned: Rev. Thomas Clayton, 1887;

Rev. D. I. Jones (present pastor), 1889. The church building on North Sixth street, near North, was erected in 1888 at a cost of about 86,500. The present board of deacons is thus constituted: Dr. W. E. Atwell, J. M. Moore,

Thomas D. Davis, Thomas M. Nicholas, R. G. Lewman, John R. Price. The trustees are John W Dawson, Robert- Webb, Frank K. Jackson, Peter J. Snyder Thomas Miles; R. G. Lewman is superintendent of the Sunday-school; Dr. E. A. Farquhar, Jr., is church treasurer; Miss Eva Parsons is clerk. The number of members is 180.

Zanesville is in the Catholic diocese of Columbus. Catholicism was introduced here in organized form in 1820, when St. Thomas' church was instituted by Rev. Nicholas D. Young, O. P. The first members were John S. Dugan and family and William Colerick and family. Rev. Stephen IT. Montgomery was the first pastor, and the services were held in a small brick warehouse that stood on the northeast corner of Fifth street and Locust alley. The first church was a onestory building, thirty-five feet high, seventy feet deep and forty feet front. It stood on the rear part of the lot occupied by the present church and cost about 82,000. The corner-stone was laid in the spring of 1825 and the dedication occurred in the fall of 1827, Bishop Tennick officiating. The present house of worship, at the northeast corner of Fifth street and Locust alley, is a fine structure of stone, 120 by 60 feet, which cost about 840,000. Bishop Miles laid the corner-stone March 17, 1842. Rev. P. C. Coll was pastor for a considerable time, until he was suceeded by Rev. J. A. Bockel, who came November 8, 1880; Rev. William Quinn is the present pastor. The Sunday school was organized by Rev. B. A. Brady and others. Thomas R. Phelps was made superintendent. The Altar society was organized in 1830; the Society of the Blessed Virgin Mary in 1848; the Rosary in 1848; the Purgatorial society in 1877; the Sacred Heart society in 1877; the Holy Name of Jesus society in 1880. These societies are strictly devotional in their exercises. St

Patrick's Benevolent society was organized in 1859; St. Thomas Benevolent and Literary society in 1871; Division No. 1, Ancient Order of Hibernians, in 1876. Shortly after the beginning of the war of secession St. Patrick's Benevolent society gave 8500 - all it had in its treasury - to equip men for service. This sum, the accumulation from hard day labor, saved for the purpose of taking care of the sick, burying the dead and relieving the wants of the widow and the orphan, had been husbanded with great care by Hon. John O'Neill, then president of the society. Highly appreciating but scarcely needing the generous gift, the city authorities returned it to the society, that it might not be diverted from the charitable purpose for which it had been intended.

St. Nicholas Catholic church (German) was organized in 1841. Its house of worship was erected the fall of 1842 and dedicated by Bishop Purcell. In 1861 an addition was built to the church, making a total length of ninety-six feet by forty-five feet width. The present pastor is Rev. Nicholas Meschenmoser.

Market Street Baptist church was organized in the "old academy," near the corner of Third and Market streets, May 15, 1835, with twenty-nine constituent members. Of this number, Mrs. Curran Blue, Thomas C. Hillier and Mrs. Susan Slocum only are living. Meetings were held in the court house a short time and then in a small building on South street near Seventh. In 1835, a movement had been started to erect a meeting house. A lot was donated by "Father" Rector Mills. The building now in use was begun in July, 1837, and finished and dedicated January 1, 1839. It is a large and attractive structure, on the east side of North Sixth street between ' Market and North streets. The first pastor was Rev. Hiram Gear, from May, 1835, to May, 1836. The next was Rev. William S. Hall, November, 1836, to April, 1838. Rev. George I. Mills was pastor from June, 1838, to July, 1841, and was succeeded by Rev. Daniel Sheppardson, July, 1841, to May, 1845. Am interesting event following the pastorate of this gifted man was the conversion of him who has long been known as Rev. Jefferson Chambers. Rev. N. N. Woods came in November, 1845 ar*d remained until July, 1848. In March, 1849, Rev. L. G. Leonard, D. D., was called to the pastorate of the church, and he continued until March, 1855. Following Elder Jacob Knapp's services as an evangelist under Mr. Leonard's pastorate, there were upwards of seventy-five accessions to the membership. The next pastor was Rev J. T. Roberts, from April, 1855, to April, 1856. In

April, 1857, Rev. Alfred Pinney began his pastorate, during which the political troubles which preceded the war agitated all churches in the country and affected this. He prophesied the war and the extermination of slavery. At length April, i860, he severed his relation with the church. April 1, i860, what was then known as the Sixth Street Baptist church, formally and in a body united with the Market Street church. The church as now constituted called to its parochial office Rev. N. A. Reed, who assumed charge in August, i860, and remained until April, 1867. Coming as he did at a critical period in the history of all affairs, it was a peculiar test of Mr. Reed's ability to preside over a church so singularly identified with the interests of the country as was this one. Many brave men from among its communicants and congregation were at the front during the war. Notable among them was the almost entire male portion of the family of Prof. H. U. Munson. Mr. Reed's successor was Rev. Willett Vary, who served from May, 1867, to April, 1869, and died soon after he severed his pastoral connection. In September, 1870, after a supply by Rev. W. H. Beach, (October, 1869, to May, 1870,) Rev. R. S. James was called to the pastorate and continued until July, 1872. Mr. James was succeeded September, 1872, by Rev. R. Andrew Griffin. Mr. Griffin was of English birth, had studied theology with Dr. C. H. Spurgeon, and was a graduate from Regent Park college, London. One who knew him well has thus referred to him and his never-to-be-forgotten pastorate: "His genius, youth and peculiar methods of sermonizing, his freshness of thought and originality of manner, produced a very general and decided impulse for activity and growth. His labors were blessed with a good degree of success and his pastorate for many months had a tone of geniality that was welcomed by all. But association with liberalizing ministers, the misguided research of a man not properly grounded in theology, and the morbidness of an ambitious mind defeated in some of its cherished dreams soon wrought a sudden change. The fresh and David-like English boy, who came with the simple story of Christian faith and hope upon his lips, changed to a morbid cynic, a philosophizing misanthrope, a demoralized doubter. In 1875, his pastorate of nearly four years began to wane in power and efficiency, and seems to have grown worse, until, in February, 1876, when it ended in his own confused despair, and almost wrecking the old church so long a survivor of other but no greater perils. Mr. Griffin's subtle and confessed attempt, for one whole year, to indoctrinate the church with heresy, was at once a proof of the thorough work which had been done before and the intelligence, integrity and faith of the membership, for the attempt was singularly abortive." The next pastor, Rev. Henry A. Delano, assumed charge in August, 1876, and ceased his labors here in August, 1886. Rev. A. D. Willifer was in charge from August, 1881, to September, 1885, and Rev. James L. Smith from November, 1885, to July, 1890. The present pastor is Rev. George B. Simons, who assumed charge in 1890.

The Seventh Street Methodist Episcopal church was organized in 1840 by a division of the Second Street church, the membership of which was deemed too large for the capacity of one pastor. Revs. Uriah Heath and John W. Stone were appointed to the Zanesville station. The Zanesville Canal and Manufacturing company permitted the new church to use the upper room of the Mclntire Academy as a place of worship. The membership at the outset was about 100. In the spring of 1841, a lot on Seventh street was purchased for $1,000 from John Lee, and it was determined to build a church. Rev7. Mr. Heath obtained sufficient subscriptions to justify this, and the stone basement was completed in 1843. The church was finished and dedicated in September, 1845. To this time the church had been a congregation of the Second Street organization, but at the annual conference this year, Seventh Street church was made an independent station, but the two stations did not have separate and distinct boards of trustees until 1850. Rev. B. F. Jackson is the present pastor. The Sunday school was organized soon after the church was formed.

The Second Presbyterian church was organized from the membership of the P'irst Presbyterian church. It was formed by an act of the Presbytery of Zanesville, September 7, 1852, and completed its organization October 9, following. Those who petitioned for a separate organization were L. P. Bailey, E Burlingame, R. P. Robinson and T. H. Patrick (the first mentioned an elder, the others, deacons,) and A. McP'adden, Mrs. Jane Price, Mrs. Rebecca Griffith, Miss Mary Price, Mrs. Ann Griffith, Miss Anna M. Griffith, Sarah Katharine Griffith, D. B. Cochran, Mrs. Sarah Cochran, Samuel Robinson, Mrs. C. A. Peters, Miss Lucinda Bailey, Mrs. Sophia II. Adams, Mrs Elizabeth M. Bird, Miss Jane A. McFadden, Robert M. Crow, Mrs. Jane Burlingame, Miss Susan P. Burlingame, Richard Morris, Mrs. Margaret A.

Robinson, Peter Black, Robert Little and Mrs. Agnes Little. Before the first communion the following named persons were added by certificate: Mrs. Susan Stillwell, Mrs. Ellen Wheeler, Mrs. Elizabeth Wheeler, Mrs. PL M. Hoge, Mrs. Abigail W. Bailey, Mrs. Ann M. Carey, Mrs. U. Sullivan, Mrs. Jane Shaw, Mrs. Susan Mc- Ginnis, Mrs. Mary Jane Porter, Mrs. Elizabeth S. Bell, Miss Rebecca Tidball, Miss Belinda McGinnis, Mrs. Margaret P'illmore, John Wilson, John S. Black, John G. Spencer, George A. Retiberg, Mrs. Nancy Hersh, Mrs. Margaret Plddie, Mrs. Eliza P. Crow, Mrs. Susan Granger, Mrs. Margaret Mapes. The two congregations worshiped together until, early in 1853, the new church rented Odd P'ellow's hall and held services there till January, 1854, when the Lutheran church, at the southeast corner of South and Sixth streets, was leased for one year. Odd P'ellow's hall was again secured January 1, 1855, and services were continued there until the edifice in which the congregation now worships was completed, in August, 1855. It is a neat brick structure on the east side of north Fifth street, between Main and Market streets, and cost, including the grounds, about Si 5,000. Rev. Moses A. Hoge, who was pastor of the church at Zanesville at the time of its division was, by act of Presbytery, October 22, 1852, set apart as pastor of the new church, having severed his connection with the church of Zanesville by consent. The present pastor is Rev. A. W. Clokey. The Sabbath school was organized soon after the church was formed. The first superintendent was John A. Black.

The Zanesville church of United Brethren in Christ was organized at the house of P'rederick Greul, on Eighth street, April 8, 1865, by Rev. Casper Streich, who the first pastor. For about a year the congregation worshiped from house to house. Their church, a substantial brick building, on Seventh street between Main and Market streets, was erected in 1866 at a cost of 84,000. The Sabbath school was organized in 1865. In matters of religion this church is subject to the rulings of the Ohio United Brethren association. The present pastor is Rev. Justice Moeller.

The South Street Methodist Episcopal church had its origin in a mission established in 1865, by Rev. J. H. Gardner. By the generosity of Rev. David Young, the congregation was enabled to purchase a lot on the northeast corner of Seventh and South streets and to build a neat one-story church, which was finished in 1879. The lot and church cost about 89,000. The present pastor is Rev. Charles C. Elson. The Sunday school was organized in

At a meeting in Nevitt's hall, September 20, 1868, the following persons agreed to become active members of a Hebrew congregation to be organized in Zanesville: - Wolf Dryfus, Michael Steinfeld, Marx Cohen, J. L. Dryfus, R, Schoenfeld, Meyer Schoenfeld, Jacob Schoenfeld, Ben S. Dryfus, Herman Weber, Jacob Wollner, Simon Goodman, J. Kraus, Abe Kohn, Adolphus Hartman, W. P'reedman, L. P'reedman. The organization was effected Sunday September 27, 1868, with Wolf Dryfus, as president, M. Steinfeld, as vice-president, M. Cohn, as treasurer; B. S. Dryfus as secretary, and W. P'reedman, J. L, Dryfus and Rudolph Schoenfeld at trustees. The congregation rented a room in Alter's building, In March, 1869, the services of B. Tauber were secured as instructor or teacher. In August following it was resolved to incorporate the organization. October 5, 1873, the congregation joined the Union of American Hebrew congregations. The Congregational burying ground is situated on the National road.

The Hungarian Benevolent association, otherwise called the Hebrew church, was organized in 1874 by the following; among other prominent members: B. P'roch, H. Weber, J. Haber, W. Freedman and S. Newman. D. Feierlicht was the first rabbi.

The Welsh church was organized October 24, 1875, at the Sixth ward hose house by electing the following officers: Deacons, John J. James, Thomas D. Williams, Thomas D. Davis; secretary, William T. Jones. The congregation worships at the southwest corner of Monroe and Price streets.

South Street African Methodist Episcopal church was organized in 1826 at the house of Ellen Feelin, on Seventh street between Market and Main streets.

The first church edifice was a little brick building, near the river, east of Plighth street. From this church the congregation removed to a frame house on Putnam hill. PYom there they returned to Zanesville, where they had built a frame church on Ninth street, near South. Several years later they purchased a brick church, on South street, between Third and Fourth streets, formerly occupied by the Protestant Methodist. In 1876 they erected a brick church on the same site.

The Third Baptist church (colored) was organized in the old brick school-house on Moxahala avenue, Putnam, August 29, 1863, by Rev. Isaac Jones, first pastor. Another church of Colored Baptists consolidated with this to form the Union Baptist church, which worships on

The African Wesleyan Methodist church, which worships on the south side of Moorehead avenue, east of Blue avenue, was organized with sixteen members July 24, 1875.

Below will be found a statement of the location and times of service of the several churches of thecity with othervaluableinformation: Baptist - First Baptist church, south Sixth street, Rev. A. M. Warman, pastor; services, 10:30 a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school at 9:15 a. m. Market Street Baptist church, east side North Sixth, between Market and North, Rev. G. B. Simons, pastor; services, 10:30 a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9 a. m. Union Baptist church, (colored), east side Eighth, between Main and South, Rev. A. M. Thomas, pastor; services 11 a. m. and 7:30 p. in.; Sunday-school, 2:30 p. m. Baptist Mission church, west side Woodland avenue, 2 s of Maysville Pike. Catholic-^St. Thomas church, east side Fifth, between Market and North, Rev. Wm. Quinn, pastor; 1st mass, 7 a. m., 2d mass, 8:30 a. m., high mass, 10:30 a. m.; Sunday-school, 9 a. m., vespers, 3:30 p. m. St. Nicholas church, northeast corner Main and National Pike, Rev. Nicholas Meschenmoser, pastor; mass, 8 a. m . , high mass, 10 a. m.; Sunday-school, 2 p. m . , vespers, 3 p. m. Christian - Disciples of Christ church, northeast corner Park and Amelia, Rev. M. J. Maxwell, pastor; services, 10:30 a. m. and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9:30 a. m. Congregational - P'irst Congregational church, west side North Sixth, between Market and North, Rev. D. I. Jones, pastor; services 10:30 a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school 9:30 a. m. Episcopal - St. James church, west side North Sixth, between Market and North, Rev. George P. Torrence, pastor; services, 10:30 a. m., and 7 p. m. ; Sunday-school, 9 a. m. Evangelical association German Evangelical church, southwest corner Seventh and South, Rev. W. A. Walter, pastor; services, 10:30 a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9 a. m. Hebrew - Congregation Beth, Abraham, 12 South Seventh, Rev. Solomon E. Cohn, rabbi; services, Saturday, 9 a. m., P'riday, 7 p. m.; Polish Synagogue, southwest corner Main and Seventh. Lutheran - St. John's English Evangelical Lutheran church, Rev. F. Richards, pastor; Services, 10:30 a. m., and 7 p. m.; Sunday-school,

9:15 a. m. German Lutheran Trinity church, northeast corner South Seventh and Harvey, Rev. C. A. Frank, pastor; services, 10:30 a. m.; Sunday-school, 9 a. m. Methodist - Euclid Avenue M. E. church, east side Euclid avenue, near Thurman; no regular pastor; Services, 3:30 p. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 2 p. m. First Methodist Protestant church, Beaumont street; services, 10:30 a. m. and 7 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9 a. m. Moxahala Avenue M. E. church, east side Moxahala avenue, between Jefferson and Madison, Rev. Benj. A. Stubbins, pastor; services, 10:30 a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9:15 a. m. Second Street M. E. church, southwest corner Main and Second, Rev. T. C. Reade, pastor; services, 10:45 a- m-» and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9:15 a. m. Seventh Street M. E. church, east side North Seventh, between Orchard and Center, Rev. B. E. Jackson, pastor; services, 10:30a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9 a. m. South Street M. E. church, northeast corner South and Seventh, Rev. Clias. C. Elson, pastor; services, 10:45 a. m. and 7:30 p. 111.; Sunday-school, 2:30 p. m. St. Paul A. M. If. church, north side South, between Third and Fourth, Rev. Philip Toliver, pastor; services, n a m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 2:30 p. 111. Wesleyan Methodist, (colored), south side Morehead avenue, east of Blue avenue; 110 regular pastor; services, 11 a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9 a. 111. Presbyterian - First Presbyterian church, east side North Sixth, between Main and Market, Rev. J. C. Holliday, pastor; Services, 1 1 a. m., and 7:30 p. 111.; Sunday-school, 9:30 a. m. Putnam Presbyterian church, Woodlawn avenue, Ninth ward, Rev. E. Rogers, pastor; services 11 a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sundayschool, 9:30 a. m. Second Presbyterian church, east side North Fifth, between Market and Main, Rev. A. W. Clokey, pastor; services, 11 a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9:30 a. m. United Brethren - United Brethren church, 43 North Seventh street, Rev. Justice Moeller, pastor; services, 10:30 a. 111., and 7 p. 111.; Sunday-school, 9 a. m. Universalist - First Universalist church of Zanesville, corner of Woodlawn and Muskingum avenues, Rev. Lotta D. Crosby, pastor. Welsh - Welsh Congregation, southwest corner of Monroe and Price streets; services, 10:30 a m., and 3:30 p. m.; Sundayschool, 2 p. m.

IT was to the Falls of the Muskingum, within the boundaries of the territory that subsequently became Salt Creek township, and known and described in the United States surveys as "Township thirteen of range twelve of lands of the United States within the territory northwest of the River Ohio, and subject to entry in the land office in Marietta, Ohio," that, in the latter part of June, 1788, a party of thirty men, under the command of a United States military officer from Fort Harmar, was sent by water, with provisions and presents of goods, for the purpose of negotiating a treaty of peace and friendship with several tribes of Indians who had selected that as the place for meeting Gen. St. Clair, the governor of the territory and authorized representative and agent of the government. The location selected for conducting the negotiations was on the south bank of the river, where the town of Taylorsville now' stands. These troops were ordered to the place by Gen. Harmar, commandant of Fort Harman, for the purpose of erecting a council house and the building of huts for the comfort of the men and protecting the goods against the weather. This remote spot was selected by the Indians for the purpose of the council in preference to Fort Harmar, for the reason it was nearer their own homes, and was to them a well known and favorite locality and not under the influence of a military fort. The attempt to form a treaty was a failure. The reason is given by the historian in a few words. He says: "The Indians commenced assembling from the different tribes in large numbers, especially from the Delawares. Among them was a band of the Chippewas and other Indians, outcasts from different tribes, amounting to about twenty. On the night of the 13th of July, those desperadoes crept slyly around the tents containing the goods, and fired on the sentries, ten in number, with the intention of plundering them. By this discharge two men were killed and one or two wounded. The sentries returned the fire, and the rest of the guards running to their assistance, the Indians retired without accomplishing their object. One of the assailants was killed and one wounded. The same night they killed and scalped a mulatto man, servant to Maj. Duncan, a trader who was waiting for the assembling of the tribes, with goods to barter for their skins and peltries." This action of the Indians exhibited so hostile a feeling and was so unexpected that any further attempt to secure a treaty at that time was not only regarded as impracticable, but exceedingly hazardous, and, as a consequence, the matter was for the time being indefinitely postponed. A subsequent conference was, however, held in the fall following at another place and a treaty effected.

It was in the early autumn of the year 1795, immediately on the close of the Indian war and two years before any white man was located with the view of making a permanent home on any of the territory which now constitutes Muskingum county, that under the auspices of a company formed in Marietta the manufacture of salt was commenced in this township, at or adjoining the present village of Chandlersville on the east. It was the first experiment of the kind in the Muskingum valley in fact the first in all the territory northwest of the Ohio river east of the Scioto valley. The discovery of salines at this point at the time it was made grew out of the fact that salt at Marietta, and at all the settlements below Marietta along the Ohio and up the Muskingum rivers, was a commodity so scarce as to be entirely beyond the ability of most persons to procure, it being retailed as high as fifty cents a quart. It was, too, an article of universal necessity, and as the demand for it must constantly increase as the population increased it was imperative upon the people to find some source of supply near at home adequate to the demand, and which would have the effect to reduce the price to an amount that all might be enabled to satisfy their necessary wants. It was understood that the Indians for an indefinite period of time had been in the habit of obtaining salt water from the salines that have existed and reducing the same to salt. Accordingly a company was sent out from Marietta for the purpose of locating those salines. After a considerable search they were discovered; by the aid of a small camp kettle the explorers were enabled to test the waters, and greatly to their relief it was found that these waters were much more strongly impregnated with saline particles than they had any reason to hope or expect might be the case. A report of the discovery was duly made to the people of Marietta by whom they had been sent on this voyage of exploration. As a consequence all the necessary appliances for making salt were called into requisition at the earliest possible day, the business of salt manufacturing commenced, and was prosecuted with the utmost energy and vigor, night and day, until the supply of the article was sufficient to satisfy the demand. The salt was for the most part conveyed to the river at Duncan's Falls on pack-horses and thence transported in canoes to Waterford and Marietta. The supplies for the employes at the works were procured at these places, and brought them in the same way.

It was in the latter part of this year, during the month of December, that the adventure of Capt. William Davis and Juda Ford occurred. They were employed at the works, the former acting in the capacity of foreman or manager, the latter an intelligent young man of nineteen years of age, a laborer there, and also acting in the capacity of book-keeper. The supply of provisions at the works became wrell-nigh exhausted, and it became necessary that a new supply should be ordered. This could only be done by going or sending to Waterford and Marietta, and as the river was closed by ice it was necessary to go by land. Accordingly these men determined to make the trip and started for Waterford by a direct route through the woods, without any trace or marked trees to guide them. As the works had only been in operation for a brief period, the intercourse between them and their base ot supplies had thus far been conducted entirely by water, the overland route as yet not being opened. These men having expected to reach their destination in a single day, the distance being only thirty miles, the only outfit they provided was one blanket, a single charge of gunpowder, a flint, a jack-knife, a piece of tow string for tinder, and a couple of pounds of venison. Not being familiar with the woods they hired a hunter as a guide to pilot them to the headwaters of

Meigs creek. He accompanied them a few miles on the way, and, after giving directions as to the route, returned. The men mistook the directions given them, and instead of reaching the headwaters of Meigs creek wandered over to the waters of Mills creek, dowm which stream they traveled until night overtook them. The day was cloudy and exceedingly cold, the thermometer at Marietta ranging from twenty-two to twenty-four degrees below zero. Instead of going south as they supposed, they had been all the day traveling north. As night came on they succeeded, with the materials they had at command, in striking a fire in the bark of a dry tree, and encamped for the night. The following day the sun appeared and they saw the mistake of the preceding day and commenced retracing their steps. They wandered about until the second night overtook them in the wilderness. This was passed as was the first night. Now their venison and their means to obtain a fire were all gone. On the morning of the third day they came upon a small stream bearing a westerly direction, down which they determined to go. Suddenly and unexpectedly they saw smoke ascending through the branches and tops of the trees. They were not long in reaching the works and with frozen hands and feet received the greetings of their companions from whom they separated more than two days before. And here we leave them.

Before the discovery of the Salines by the white man, the stream uniting with the Muskingum river at Duncan's Falls was called Salt creek. By whom this name was given the main stream is not known. ' That matter is involved in obscurity. But it was undoubtedly given because of the Salines on the east branch, which by the men at the works were called 11 White Eyes," and probably on the supposition that this east branch was the main and not a tributary stream. The name " White Eyes" was given this branch of Salt creek on which the Salines were situated in honor of George White Eyes, a young Indian who had been educated at Dartmouth College by the United States Government as a token of respect to his father, a Delaware chief of that name, who had ever exhibited friendship for the whites. This young Indian had spent sometime at Waterford when the first settlement was there made. He had befriended the white settlers on several occasions, was quite a favorite with them and was personally known to some of the employes at the works. The stream bore the name above given it for quite a number of years, but of late, within the memory of man, the name has been transferred to another branch of Salt creek running in a westerly direction across the northern portion of the township. The branch of the stream first called "White Eyes" and joining it about a half mile below Chandlefsville, was called by the men at the works, "Williams' Fork," in honor of the adventure of Williams and Ford as related above. The name the stream still bears.

It was in the year 1797, that Captain John Chandler, a native of Connecticut, but at the time a citizen of Rutland county, Vermont, inspired by the enthusiasm that animated large numbers of New England people to remove to Ohio, and allured by the glowing descriptions which reached New England of the richness of the soil and the magnitude of the productions for which the Ohio country was becoming celebrated, became one of a company of fifteen families, organized in New Ipswich, New Hampshire, under the general direction and leadership of General Rufus Putnam as agent of the Ohio company for the purpose of emigrating to this western wilderness. This was only one of numerous companies organized throughout the New England states in like manner and for a like purpose at about the same period of time. The company of which Captain Chandler became a member on its arrival in Ohio made their first permanent landing in the part of Balpre, now known as Newbury township, the most southerly township of Washington county.

Here the company first planted a settlement but it was not destined long to remain so. It began very soon to disintegrate. It was composed of too many inharmonious elements. The families separated, some going in one direction, some another. Some sought a home in one locality, some another. Captain Chandler remained two years and then det rmined to go elsewhere. He explored the region of the upper Muskingum and the valley of the Licking. Like many others he probably entertained a prejudice against selecting a home along the valleys of the larger streams. The fear was generally indulged that the atmosphere where the forests were so dense as along the larger streams, must necessarily be filled with malaria and that as a consequence sickness must there prevail. Hence many of the pioneer settlers located on the high grounds when the rich bottoms along the larger streams could have been as easily secured. After much wandering and weighing in his own mind the relative merits different localities possessed for a permanent residence, he finally selected the " A'hite Eyes" branch of Salt creek as the locality where he would spend his future years. He had now passed the mcridan of lifeandhad reached that period in human existence when the shadows lengthen as the years increase. Hence the importance of a judicious selection must have been uppermost in his thoughts. His choice was probably determined by the surroundings and the fact that all indications favored it as a healthy locality. Here, too, were established a salt-works for the manufacture of salt which had been operated by the Marietta company for a series of years with a constantly increased production. The locality was one that seemed to be favorably situated for becominga businesscenter,and as the population increased and the country developed trade relations must become a matter of no small importance. Besides it was on the direct and shortest route of what must become the chief highway between Zanesville and Marietta.

It was in the spring of 1799 when Captain Chandler with his family landed here in this White Eyes valley. What was the situation? He had no home to which he could come; no home to protect his family from the elements; not even a shed whereunder, for the time being, he could find shelter. What a contrast it presented to that Vermont home he had left only two years before! How must all have seemed to the mind of this intelligent and experienced man! What were the emotions of this heroic pioneer as he looked about him and into the faces of that gentle and devoted wife and of that family of bright and active-minded children who had accompanied him into the depths of the wilderness!

Captain Chandler's family consisted of nine persons - himself, his wife, two sons that had nearly reached a man's estate, two in their boyhood years, one a lad of six or eight years, an infant son and a daughter some nine or ten years of age. It was the first business to secure a place of shelter and, for the time being, what might be called a home. This was speedily accomplished. Within three days he and his boys, with the aid of such of the men at the works as could be spared, had a cabin erected and comfortably prepared for occupancy, and of sufficient size to afford ample accommodations for all the household. It very soon became the home of peace, comfort and contentment.

As soon as the cabin home was prepared so as to afford comfortable protection to its inmates, and shelter was provided for the oxen and the few domestic animals he possessed, Captain Chandler and his boys, with an unfaltering industry and energy, commenced the work of preparing the land for cultivation by clearing away the undergrowth of the forest and " girdling " or deadening the trees around and in the neighborhood of his cabin home. The wild became a garden. At the end of the first season enough was secured of grain and vegetables, and provender for stock, to supply over into the succeeding year enough and to spare.

The Chandlers were all active and could work with advantage at almost anything they undertook. They were, too, for the most part, artisans. They could as readily apply their hands to mechanical pursuits, and with as quick a perception as to the manner of doing, as to the preparation of the land for cultivation. Captain Chandler, in his boyhood days, had practiced, more as a pastime than as an employment, the business of blacksmithing. His boys readily caught the business of smithing, as they did the use of the plane, the saw, the chisel and the mallet, and as a consequence, at odd spells, on rainy days, and at times when out-door employments could not be pursued, with the aid of such mechanical instruments as they had at command, they were enabled to make almost any article of every day use that required mechanical skill in 'its construction. This aptitude in the use of tools proved of great advantage to them during the after years when the settlement was developing.

Before two years elapsed Captain Chandler had opened and placed under cultivation a large and productive farm. But the farm and farming operations were not enough. Ambitious, energetic and restless spirits required something to be feed upon more stimulating and exciting than that afforded by agricultural employment. It was at this juncture of affairs that negotiations were entered upon looking to the sale and transfer of the Salt Works still owned and conducted by the Marietta company to Captain Chandler and sons. In due time such sale was effected and the transfer of the works made. The new proprietors immediately went into possession and took charge of the business. Thus far, as the entire population of the neighborhood consisted only of a single family, it was a matter of indifference who owned the works or who conducted the business of salt manufacturing. But now it was different. The time had come when an increase of population in the neighborhood was anticipated. As a matter of course, all new comers would have a desire that the advantages to be derived from the conduct of the business, if any, should inure to the common benefit of the people of the neighborhood.

This part, too, as it should become generally known, would have the effect to attract population. The works, therefore, when the new proprietors acquired possession, thenceforward became known as "Chandler's Salt works." The business was. too, under the new management prosecuted with renewed energy and vigor and for all there was in it. It was from these works that the people along the Muskingum river and at Marietta, and for a distance of many miles along the Ohio above and below Marietta, for quite a number of years, obtained this article of universal necessity. It cannot be ascertained that a single employe of the Marietta company during 'the entire five years that Company owned and managed the works, remained for any considerable time in the employ of the new company, or became a pioneer or a settler in the neighborhood. A new set of men were on hand to take their places. Only the names of a portion of these can now be recalled; and of these memory and tradition are alike at fault as to when and with a single exception whence they came and how long they were thus engaged. It is only known they were there some portion of the time during the six or seven years the Chandlers conducted the salt operations. The names now recalled arethoseof John Hopper, Daniel Bane, William Cunningham, William Newell, John Dixon and David Forebush. Though single men, nearly if not quite all became pioneers and identified themselves with the people of the neighborhood in clearing away the forests for cultivation. They deserve remembrance as the advance guard of the civilization that was to follow. It was now 1801, Zanesville and Putnam were each becoming points of some consequence and promised to be important towns. A post route providing for carrying the mail once h week each way, had been established between these points and Marietta, although on the entire line from Zanesville to Waterford there was not a Post Office for the reason there was not a single inhabitant resident on the line except at the Chandler's Salt works. This post road was little more than a bridle path, but the travel over it was becoming quite constant and was rapidly increasing. Accordingly the "Chandler settlement," as it was now being called, began to arrestattention. Comers and goers were frequent. The roads to Zanesville and Duncan's Falls, especially the latter as it was the road on which the traffic to and from the Salt works was conducted, soon became much traveled highways. A new order of things was now about to be introduced.

pioneers to succeed Captain Chandler in this new settlement, who next to him were entitled to the honor of being the first to commence here the demolition of the forest. The arrivals became quite frequent. Several families came at about the same time. Among the first to arrive were John Briggs, of Pennsylvania, Johnson Brewster, of Vermont, a brother-in-law of Captain Chandler. About the same time came George Clapper from Pennsylvania and William Dixon, from Ireland, and Abraham Mercer, of Virginia. All these men had families and were here before 1804. In this year came Daniel Bliss another brother-in-law of Captain Chandler, and a native of Massachusetts, with a family, including himself, of nine persons. He was a physician and the only physician in the settlement for more than twenty years. Then came during the four or five years that followed, Peter Sarehett, Jacob Crumbaker, Jacob Wilhelm, Thomas Brady, Joseph Culbertson, and others whose names are not at command. All these men had families, - they were pioneers and became what might be called representative men of the neighborhood. They all came to make husbandry their pursuit. A little further along came Robert Linn, and David Peairs, natives of Pennsylvania, Isaac Wartenbee from Virginia, and Welcome Ballou, from Massachusetts, and John Finney. All these persons were accompanied with their families. Other pioneer settlers followed and at the end of the decade the population of the township had increased to several hundred. It was, too, a rapidly increasing population, not confined to a single neighborhood, but scattered over the entire township.

The Chandler grist mill was built prior to 1807 and was burned in 181 1-1812. Llewellyn Howell built the second mill, and it is said Silas Robinson was his partner in the enterprise. Sometime between 1815 and 18 1.8 Samuel McCune had a saw and grist mill on Big Salt creek. Zachary Chandler's tannery was started about 1810, and William Scott's distillery in 1814. Bernhard Brewster opened a store in 1812. John Stevens and John Moore were also early merchants. Zachary Chandler kept a tavern in a frame building as early as 1815. He was succeeded in this enterprise by a Mr. Cuberday, and during his occupancy the building was burned. Robert Linn opened his house for the accommodation of the public about 1820. There was no professional blacksmith in the township until 1810, when Jerry Joseph came. The next disciple of Vulcan was William Moore, known as "Old Bung My

Eye." from a song he often sang. Dr. Daniel Bliss, the pioneer physician, came in 1812. Salt Creek Baptist church was organized in 1 8 1 1 . The first church was of hewn logs and had the dignity of two stories and a gallery. The Methodist Episcopal church at Mansfork, grew out of a class organized as early as 1812 by Rev. James Watts. William Knox began his labors at Chandlersville in 1816. Chandlersville and Sugar Grove appointments were formerly in Norwich circuit, and in 1869 were joined with Fairview and Duncan's Falls appointments, and known as the Duncan's Falls circuit. Presbyterianism took root here in 1814, when the first organization was formed. A small frame house was the first edifice of this denomination at Chandlersville. The present brick church was built in 1834. The United Brethren church dates its organization back to 1857-1858.

It was about the year 1805 that John Chandler, third son of Captain Chandler, still quite a young man, erected, or caused to be erected, the first mill in the township. Its site was on the creek about a mile below the salt works. As the mill stones were procured in the neighborhood and it contained no bolting chest, its use consisted principally in grinding corn. This was an important event in the history of the neighborhood.

The Chandlers conducted the business of salt manufacturing for the period of between six and seven years after they first came into possession of the works. They then disposed of the same to John, Peter and Thomas Sarehett. On the 15th day of February, 1809, the General Assembly of Ohio passed a law creating or appointing an agent to superintend and lease these works. Previous to this date no such officer existed. Accordingly under that acta lease of the works for the period of three years was effected with the Sarehetts. Again on the 20th day of February, 1812, the general assembly of the state passed an act authorizing the further leasing of the works to the same parties for the period of seven years, granting to the lessees the additional privilege of enclosing 80 acres of land adjoining for pasture and fuel purposes. On the expiration of this lease no further action was taken by the state looking to its renewal. Owing to the fact that in numerous other localities, by boring wells deep into the rocky strata salt waters of much greater strength and in much larger quantities had been secured, these works as property possessed little value. For this and other causes they were abandoned.

Creek township was described in the United the county commissioners of the date of March States surveys as ''Township 13 of Range 12, of 6th of that year, so much of the said orginally lands of the United States situate in the State of Ohio," and as such passed into the market as other Congress lands. Section 31 was situated on the south of the river and on it the village of Taylorsville now stands.

As the end of the first decade approached, the inhabitants residing on this territory began to discuss the subject of a township organization. Accordingly on the 9th day of March, 1808, as the journal of the commissioners of Muskingum county discloses, sundry petitions were presented the board of county commissioners then in session, asking for the creation of certain townships. Among those petitions so presented was one from citizens of Salt Creek township according to the established survey. The journal says "the boundaries of the townships were established and the townships received." No time was fixed for the election of township officers as the statute required, and no election of officers ordered. Under this order of the commissioners it cannot be found that any further action was taken. Again, December 12th, 1808, it appears in the journal entry of that date, that "the petition of sundry inhabitants of Township 13, Range 12, was presented the board, praying an election be ordered to elect three trustees and a treasurer of that township." The journal says in response to this petition, "granted and order for election sent out by John Chandler." This was still an incomplete order and it does not appear that any action was taken looking to its execution. Again, March 8, 1815, more than six years after the last proceedings were had, this journal entry again appears: "A petition from a number of inhabitants of Salt Creek township was presented praying that the original surveyed Township number 13, Range 12 be erected into a township to be called and known by the name of Salt Creek township, and it is ordered the above township be established." Although this last order was incomplete, looking to what were the requirements of the statute in relation to the organization of townships, as no further action upon the subject seems to have been taken by the commissioners, it may be taken that this concluded all that was done towards the erection and establishment of this township; and that its civil and political existence may be regarded as commencing on this last date.

The first mutilation of the territory of Salt Creek township as created in March, 1815, grew out of the establishment and organization of Wayne township in 1826. By the action of surveyed Township number 13, Range 12, as was contained in sections 6, 7, 18, 19, 29, 30 and 32, were detached from Salt Creek township and became a part of Wayne township as created of the date last aforesaid. This action of the commissioners was a matter of deep interest to all the people residing on the territory so detached, and by the most of them the action so taken was asked. Again, by the action of the county comissioners of the date of the 20th day of December, 1839, section 13 of Salt Creek township, as before stated, situated west of the Muskingum river and embracing the village of Taylorsville, was detached from said township and made a part of Harrison Township. This action of the commissioners was also asked by the citizens of the detached territory for the reason they were separated from the township to which they belonged by the river, and were further cut off from their own township by a portion of Wayne that formerly belonged to Salt Creek township. These are all the territorial changes in the township from what it contained as first established.

Hitherto, previous to entering on the second decade of the settlement, the daily routine in each family, year in and year out, had been much the same. But now visible changes began to be more and more apparent. The single room cabin with its outer wall decorated with the skins of the coon, fox, wolf, deer, bear, and other wild animals, began to disappear. It was fast beingsupplanted by the new two-story hewn log dwelling. Residences of a still more pretentious character also appeared, and before this second decade had closed, stone, brick and frame dwellings, of six, eight and ten rooms each, could be seen in several parts of the township, farm houses that would to-day be creditable to any portion of Muskingum county.

New industries other than farming began to spring into being. Trades, though on a somewhat small scale, yet adequate to the demand of the community, were introduced. The first mill erected was enlarged and improved by the aid of new machinery, so as to convert it into a general flouring mill, and a saw mill attachment added. Two tanneries were put in operation, one a half mile north of the present village of Chandlcrsville by a man named James Austin, and the other, the pioneer of the tannery, conducted in the present stone building in the village, by Samuel Chandler. Other smaller trades, in those days conducted in rural communities, followed, but they no longer exist.

It was during this, the second decade of the settlement of this township, that the people were first enabled to introduce somewhat the habits and customs that attach to social life; habits and customs that belonged to the communities whence they came. That complete isolation to which they had been subject only now existed to a limited extent. These pioneers were an intelligent body of men and women. They mingled together on occasions varied and numerous. They were friends, sympathic and helpful. The same spirit of sociability dominated old and young. The outgrowth of all these new conditions became manifest. During the decade there were no less than eighteen marriages in the township. The contracting parties were in every instance the son and daughter of a pioneer and were themselves pioneers. This, too, was a period of great material prosperity among all the people of the township, and this fact, coupled with what has just been narrated as having taken place, afforded " confirmation strong " of the correctness of the Malthusian theory as to population.

The early pioneers and settlers of Salt Creek township were for the most part a religious people. They had been religiously educated. They had been accustomed during the years of their childhood and later on in early manhood and womanhood to attend upon church services, and many of them had been church members. Those who came from the New England states were all of Puritan stock, and had been educated in the Congregational faith and mode of worship. But as the religious faith and the politics of the church were quite different things, they cared little for the latter, so they could entertain their convictions as to the former. Those who came from Pennsylvania and New Jersey were generally Presbyterians, or had been so educated, and as their doctrinal belief was much the same as that of the Congregationalists of that day there was no difficulty in the two assimulating under the Presbyterian faith and mode of worship. Other denominational creeds and beliefs were represented among the first pioneers. Of course coming into a new country where such a thing as the stated preaching of the Gospel was unknown, all naturally became luke warm and apparently somewhat indifferent to their church vows. But withal, the religious impressions they had received in their earlier years could not be wholly eradicated, and these had the effect to restrain and hold in subjection the passions that otherwise, under the circumstances, might have gained the control of their action. Hence the Sabbath was distinctively observed as a day of rest if not of worship, more so than in densely populated communities. The desecration of its sacred hours, no matter how, was rarely known, and when known the entire community would frown upon the act. Whenever it was announced there was to be preaching in the neighborhood, no difference by whom or of what denominational creed, all made it a business as well as a duty to attend the services. And until churches were organized such continued to be the custom of the neighborhood.

Of the soldiers of the war of 1812, the writer has only been enabled to obtain the following names: Samuel Chandler, John Clapper, William Cunningham, Joseph Linn, Samuel Bliss and Dr. Daniel Bliss. The latter engaged in the service as surgeon for a limited time only and until another could be secured to take his place. Bliss, (Samuel,) was discharged at the end of two months because of sickness. Cunnighamwas killed by the Indians in the battle of Mississinawa on the Wabash. Chandler in this engagement exhibited so courageous and conspicuous a daring, that on the close of the war he was tendered by the department at Washington the office of Major in the regular army of the United States. This honor he declined. The others on the expiration of their respective terms of service returned to their homes.

The pioneers of Salt Creek township took a large interest in the establishment of schools and the education of the youth of the neighborhood. To nothing can their descendants point with a greater degree of pride than to the high character these schools maintained. The first brick school house in Muskingum county was erected in this township. It was a large and commodious structure capable of comfortably accommodating sixty to seventy pupils and provided with desks and other necessary appendages of the school room equal to any of the present day. The first five male teachers, commencing with the winter of 1823- 24, who conducted schools successively in this building were all graduates of American colleges. The structure was erected and finished throughout by private subscription. The first circulating library in Muskingum county, containing about 150 volumes at first organization, for that matter, with two exceptions, the first in all southeastern Ohio, was established in this township, and so this organization was kept up until the establishment of Sunday school libraries about 1830.

account of the principal events in pioneer life in Salt Creek township. Of what has subsequently occurred it is not sufficiently known, at least to the present inhabitants, to render any narrative thereof in this connection unnecessary. The population of the township at the different decennial periods since its organization, and the names and dates of the commissions of the several postmasters may be a subject of interest and are herewith given. Population 1820, 967; 1830, 1,190; 1840, 1,252; 1850, 1,215; i860, 1,158; 1870, 1,138; 1880, 1,141; 1890, 1,148. Postmasters, Salt Creek, John

Chandler, Octoberi, 1814; John Stevens, January 31, 1829; Nathaniel Chapman, August 3, 1832. Name of the office was changed to Chandlersville January 12, 1843. Chandlersville, Nathaniel Chapman, January 12, 1843; Isaac Brittain, December 3, 1845; Llewellyn Pierce. Tune IQ. 1840: Isaac Brittain, "July 16, 1853; Thomas W. Crumbaker, May 31, 1861; William E. Ferguson, March 27, 1869; Israel C. Robinson, August 9, 1869; O. H. P. Crumbaker, October 19, 1870; John W. Ludman, September 27, 1889. Duncan's Falls P. O. was established July 24, 1837.

PRIOR to the opening of the Zane Trace, there were Indian settlements in the township, notably one on a creek in the southern part of the township, called after a Shawanees chief, White Eyes creek, and another camp was located in section five. The names of earliest settlers in the township will probably ever remain unknown, as many of them, after a short residence, pushed on still farther into the wilds of the great west. A portion of the township, the southeast quarter, was reserved by the government for school lands, and many of these first comers being unable to purchase, squatted on the school lands. Among those who occupied school lands between 1803 and 1806 were Henry Hardesty, Peter Monroe, Henry Hardy, Wm. Newland and Mr. Mullen. About the same time several families came from Pennsylvania and located in the northeast part of the township. Thomas Warren located in section 13 on the old Zane road, opening his house for accommodation of the public in 1804. John Self took up land on the creek that bears his name in 1805. Judge David Findley coming in 1806 purchased land of Henry Reasoner, who had located in section one in 1804. Samuel Wilson selected the northwest quarter of section 11 in 1806, and in 1807 John Haddon settled on section 8. Wm. Hunter, Robert Walker and Andrew Lorimer located on sections 13 and 18, while Ralph Hardesty took a portion of section 14. From 1806 to 1815 the

Among the pioneers between 1815 and 1835 were Samuel Conners, Wm. McClellan, David and John Conners, Thomas Pearce, John and Alexander Brown, Samuel McCormick, John Barrett, Richard and Isaac Storey, David Stormont, Allen Black, John McLeod, Abraham Haines, Robert Buchannan, David Sinsabaugh, James Caldwell, John McClure, Billy McClure, George Miller, John and Moses Riley and John Jamison.

New Concord was a requirement of the days of its organization. The land upon which it was located was first settled by Henry Reasoner in 1804. Judge David Findley in 1806 purchased the tract of Mr. Reasoner and cleared and cultivated the land. In 1827 the establishing of the national road through his place prompted Judge P'indley to lay out a town, which was acomplished March 24, 1828. The location of the town of Concord and the description of the plat is recorded as follows: Plat of the town of Concord, on the first section of township number one, of the fifth range, U. S. military district, in Muskingum county, and state of Ohio. The lots are all four poles in front and twelve poles back, each containing forty-eight square perches. The main street is eighty feet wide, all other streets are forty-one feet wide, and the alleys are one perch wide. The proprietor gives one lot on Second street for a meeting house and literary purposes. An addition to the town of Concord was platted in Sept., 1849 by James Findley and two, Irwin's and Speer's, were platted in 1855.

The opening of the National road was the signal for the transfer of the bulk of travel from the old Zane Trace to the new road which, being better constructed and better kept, made traveling easier and less expensive. A line of stage coaches was transferred to the new road, and to accomodate travelers and freight haulers, taverns sprang up along the road. Many of those who had formerly lived on the old Zane Trace now changed their residence to the new route. Among those who moved was Joseph McKinney, who had a blacksmith shop on the old Zane Trace. He opened the first shop in Concord. His place was the spot where the Reformed Presbyterian church now stands. Concord was made a stage station or rather a relay station, where the six stage horses driven at full speed from Zanesville, the nearest station west, were exchanged for fresh horses. The stage horses were supplied by Joseph McKinney, who also changed the mails, he being the first postmaster at Concord, appointed 1819.

At this time the present flourishing village had but few houses. There was a house on the site of Gault's drug store, one where Mr. Herdman's residence is located. Mrs. Drummond's house was built about that time. These houses were all frame, the pioneers having so far progressed that even then the day of the log house was passed. Judge David Findley's large brick house was erected in 1828. It was the first brick house in Concord. It was used as a tavern and is still standing and apparantly almost as good as new. It is now known as the Wilson hotel. Wrn. Galligher kept the first, and at the time of which we write the only store, in the building now occupied by Wm. Given and sons as a meat market. A achool house occupied the site where the meeting-house of the United Presbyterian church now stands. The second store in the village was that of Thomas McGiffin, who kept a general store. A Mr. Rogers kept astore between 1835 ar*b 1840.

was a healthy, sure growth. A religious element pervaded the entire township and Concord was in 1835 the site of three churches. Education was demanded by the children of the pioneers, and a more thorough and extensive education than could be obtained in the common schools of the time, was greatly desired; hence we find in 1835 a number of those most interested seeking the establishment of a college in Concord. A meeting of the citizens of Concord and vicinity was called on July 9,

1836. After considerable discussion relative to the needs of such an institution and the advantages to be derived from it, the meeting adjourned until the afternoon of August 10, of same year. Upon this latter date a constitution and by-laws for the management of an academy were adopted and a board of directors chosen, consisting of seven members; and at a subsequent meeting the board of managers completed and Mr. Andrew B. Black was made principal of the academy. In the autumn of the same year the school was opened with very encouraging prospects. This academy was successor to the Pleasant Hill academy, conducted in the Presbyterian church, one mile south of this village. The board taking into consideration the fact that New Concord was situated in the heart of a fertile country, thickly inhabited by a people favorable to literary pursuits, and quite remote from any literary institution, its ease of access- being on the National road - called a meeting of the citizens with a view to petition the Legislature to grant them a charter for a college. As a result of this action a petition was prepared and placed in the hands of Honorable David Chambers, a member of the house of representatives. This petition being presented to the legislature, was favorably considered and in March, 1837, an act was passed incorporating Muskingum college, to be under the management of nine trustees, with power to increase the number to fifteen. The board immediately took steps to procure grounds and to erect a college building. At the meeting of the board, June 14,

1837, a faculty was chosen, consisting of Rev. Benjamin Waddle, president; Andrew M. Black, professor of languages; Pdisha McCoy, professor of mathematics. During the first year the educational work of the college was conducted in a rented building, while in the meantime a college building was in process of erection and was so rapidly completed as to allow class room work to be conducted in the beginning of the second college year. The energy, perseverance and ability with which these men were actuated and impelled is de- serving of the highest admiration. The building was rapidly pushed to completion and afforded ample facilities for college work at that time. Rut on the fourth of March, 1851, a destructive fire occurred, which partially destroyed this building, and on the thirteenth of the same month the board met to take measures to repair the damage done. At this meeting a committee of citizens waited on the board and tendered to them a sum of money sufficient to repair the building.

In 1873 an additional building was erected on the front of the old one, which greatly improved its appearance, adding to its space and convenience, and affording the needed additional room and facilities for educational work. From the beginning of the college to 1877 it was entirely under local management, and supported largely by local patronage; and in order to advance its utility, a meeting was held on July 6, 1877, at which it was deemed expedient for the interests of the institution to extend its patronage, and with this end in view, they proffered the college to the control of two presbyteries of the United Presbyterian church, viz: Mansfield and Muskingum. After some consideration on the part of the presbyteries, the offer was accepted by them, and a board elected to take the oversight of the institution. This board met and organized August 28, 1877, and took steps to secure a change in the charter adapted to the new relations. During the succeeding five years this denomination continued its oversight of the college, and took steps to enlarge the field of its patronage by tendering the institution to the United Presbyterian synod of Ohio, which was cheerfully accepted; and since that time an established and uniform success has attended its operations. The college is at the present day under the management of the Synod of Ohio, and the board of trustees consists of twenty-one members (elected by the synod, ) and the president of the college, who is a member ex-officio. The expenses of the college are met in part by a light tuition, collected from the students, and by a partial endowment. Special efforts are now being made to largely increase the endowment fund and greatly enlarge the facilities of this institution. Upon its first inception the management confined its privilages to young gentlemen only, and so operated until March 20, 1854, at which time its management became conscious that the spirit of thetimes demanded a change, and young women were admitted to the privileges of the institution on the same conditions as young men. The board has never had cause to regret this action, for the result has been highly satisfactory both in attendance and in its beneficial results to both sexes. While the young women have for the rfiost part taken the scientific course, yet many have taken a full classical cousc, and in point of ability and scholarship have shown themselves able to compete with the young men in all educational work. There are two courses of study, the classical and scientific. The former requires six years of earnest work. It has recently been enlarged, and now compares favorably with the curicula of other institutions. The student, upon completing this course, receives the degree of B. A. The scientific course requires five years of study. Eight terms of Latin are embraced in it; Greek and Hebrew are omitted. All the sciences, and the greater part of mathematics of the classical course are required in this course. Its completion entitles the graduate to the degree of B. S. The college has had twelve presidents. The first was Rev. Benjamin Waddle, D. D., who was largely instrumental in originating the institution. Mr. Waddle was twice president - first one year, and then for three years. Two of the twelve, Rev. J. P. Lytle, D. D., and Rev. H. P. McClerkin, D. D., served one year each as president pro tern. The longest presidency was held by Rev. David Paul, D. D., from 1865 to 1879. Dr. Paul was chiefly instrumental is raising the college to the favorable position it occupies to-day in the rank of educational institutions. The present incumbent, Rev. John D. Irons, D. D., has occupied the position for three years, and his efforts have been crowned with the highest success in placing every department of this institution upon the most healthful basis, making it to-day one of the most vitalizing and prosperous educational institutions in the state. The alumni of this college comprise men who are prominent to-day in the ministry, in the field of letters, and among the professions and business men in various sections of the Union. The following are the members of the present board of trustees: Term expires 1891 - Rev. W. II.

Rix's Mills, Ohio; Rev. J. S. McMunn, Mechanicstown, Ohio; Rev. A. E. Brownlee, Martin's Ferry, Ohio; W. W. McKinney, Esq., New Concord, Ohio. Officers of the board: Rev.

J. P. Lytle, D. D., Sago, Ohio, president; Henry McCreary, M. D., New Concord, Ohio, secretary and treasurer. The executive committee are: Rev. J. D. Irons, D. D., chairman; Rev. J.

E. Sankey, and D. E. Ralston, Esq. The faculty comprises men of eminence in scienceand literature, and will compare favorably in their accomplishments and as educators with those of any of the prominent educational institutions of the country. The faculty of the college are: Rev. John D. Irons, D. D., president, and professor of mental, moral and political science, and Hebrew; Rev. J. A. Gray. A. M., professor of mathematics and logic; T. H. Paden, A. M., professor of Latin and Greek languages; John McBurney, A. M., Ph. D., professor of natural sciences; Eva M. Grier,- A. M., professor of English language and literature; Jesse Johnson, A. M., professor of Hebrew and Greek; Mary Miller, A. M., teacher of French and German. Music - J. W. Brown, organ and harmony ; Dora E. Martin, piano and voice; Nellie Harris, B. S. teacher in art. Officers of the faculty: John D. Irons, president; T. H. Paden, secretary. This institution issues an annual catalogue, which will be forwarded upon request, and commends itself to the consideration of young women and young men in all sections of the country, to which we refer, for the liberal terms of tuition, etc. The advantages of this place are more fully set forth in the general articles upon the village.

The alumni of the college number 282 persons, 210 of whom are males, 72 females. Of these, 125 are ministers, icofthe alumni are foreign missionaries, one of whom is supported by the students in college. Among those who have graduated from Muskingum college who have attained distinction and prominence, we find W. R. Harper, Ph. D., president of Chicago university; W. G. Morehead, D. D., Professor of Theological seminary, Xenia, Ohio; D. A. McClennahan, D. D., Professor in Allegheny Theological seminary, Pa.; H. T. Sudduth, A. M., Professor in State university, Athens, Ohio; W. O. Thompson, A. M., president of Longmont college, Longmont, Colorado; T. A. Smith, Ph. D., professor in Beloit college, Beloit, Wis.

Two societies composed of students of the college, exert a strong refining and moral influence on the young people of the town. These societies are the Young Men's Christian association and the Young Women's Christian association. Of the former, R. L. Warrick is president; J. D. Chisholm, vice-president; J. H. White, secretary; L. A. Taylor, treasurer; H.

F. Lyle, corresponding secretary. Of the last named association, Miss Ida Carter is president and Miss Lydia Finley is secretary. The college has a fine orchestra, composed of students and teachers.

In 1878 the New Concord graded school building was erected. It is a handsome twostory brick structure 40x70 feet in dimensions, containing four rooms with a seating capacity for 200 pupils. The citizens of New Concord point with just pride to this beautiful structure where the youth have all the comforts and advantages of more pretentious institutions. Prof. A. H. McCulloch is the superintendent, and is assisted by an able corps of teachers.

The musical department in Muskingum college affords exceptional opportunities for the cultivation of this art, and the people of Concord invariably avail themselves of the advantages thus afforded. Scarcely a home may be found in the village where there are sons or daughters old enough to study music, but there is found a piano, organ, or stringed instrument. Musical entertainments are of frequent occurrence, and the refining and elevating influence of music is here strongly demonstrated. In addition to the music of the homes, the town supports an excellent musical organization in the New Concord Silver Cornet band, which was organized in 1888. The band is composed of twelve members. W. I. Miller is the leader; J. W Ramsey, president; A. A. McBride, secretary; Hugh Given, treasurer.

In New Concord are now twenty-two business houses, saw mill, flour mill, planing mill, cigar factory, one bank, two wagon shops, three blacksmith shops, one livery stable, two coal yards and two hotels, United States express, Western Union telegraph.

The postoffice was established in 1829. Joseph McKinney was the first postmaster; he held the office until 1845, when William Mc- Lain was appointed. Noble Kelly, Ichabod Drummond and Joseph McKinney have had the office since that time. Jacob Herdman is the present postmaster, and is assisted by his daughter.

feet front by 104 feet in depth. The basement is used for the fire department and is fully equipped with ladders, buckets and truck. The ground floor contains two of the finest business rooms in the village, besides the mayor's office and justice of the peace court room. The second floor contains a fine public hall with a seating capacity of 1,800 people, besides the council chamber and library room. The third floor is arranged as a banqueting hall, with kitchen, pantry, etc., attached The building cost the village $16,000, and is a credit to the town and county. To erect this building the village issued thirty-two bonds of $500 each, which when sold yielded $16,240.90.

The Baptist church in New Concord was organized September 26, 1829, and the meetings were first held in Norwich. Revs. William Reese, William Spencer, William Magowers and others performed much ministerial work extending over the county and into regions beyond. A small house of worship was built in New Concord about 1836, the first in the new town. The present meeting house was erected in i860. Some of the families that were connected with the church in its early history were Josiah Miller's, James Tulk's, Stephen Williams', Fraser Storer's, Levi Hughes', Thomas Smith's, Reuben Case's and others residing in the country. The first pastor was William Reese. A number of young men have entered the ministry, and several of them were students in Muskingum college. Of these E. O. Town, Enoch Tilden, A. W. Hall, James Herbert, C. N. Harford, W. H. McKinney, A. L. Wilson and several others have been long known for their work's sake. The present pastor is B. Y. Siegfried, who continues in active service, and has been a successful minister for over fifty years, more than half of that time in Muskingum and Guernsey counties.

The Associate Reformed Congregation was organized about 1812. The first church building was erected about one mile north of New Concord. The congregation continued for many years to worship and bury their dead near the same location. Eventually the place of worship was changed to the village of New Concord. A large frame church building was erected, which is still used. The first pastor of the Associate Reformed congregation then called Crooked creek, was Rev. David Proudfit, who was installed pastor April 21, 1824, who served until his death. Mr.Johnson Welsh was ordained and installed as pastor April 22, 1835. Later Benjamin Waddle became pastor of Crooked creek, Salt creek, Lebanon and East Union.

About 1852 a movement was set on foot to organize an Associate congregation in New Concord. The organization was effected by the election of Hon. Samuel Bigger, Mr. Law, R. R. Moore, Elijah Coulter and Robert Harper as elders. For some time Rev. Samuel McArthur, who was then president of Muskingum college, acted as pastor. Rev. James M. Henderson became pastor in 1855 and was pastor at the time of the union of the Associate and Associate Reformed churches in 1858. In 1859 he resigned this charge in order that the congregation might unite with the Associate Reformed congregation, which had been vacated by Dr. Waddle in 1858. The United congregation is now known as the United Presbyterian congregation of New Concord. Its first pastor was Rev. J. C. Minich. He continued in charge from February i860, to IAbruary 1876. Since July 1876, Rev. David Paul, D. D., has been pastor. The membership is about 330.

The first step toward the organization of New Concord Presbyterian church was occasional preaching by traveling ministers who, as theyjourneyedeast arid west, filled an occasional appointment. In the year 1804 the Rev. John W right, going on a journey , lodged with M r. J oh n Reasoner, in New Concord. An appointment was made for him and an encouraging congregation was gathered and services were held near the present site of Mr. Reasoner's barn and for a time such services were usually held at Mr. Reasoner's house or in the vicinity. The church is supposed to have been organized by Rev. James Robinson, in the year 1818. Mr. Robinson was succeeded in October 1819 by' Rev. Samuel Baldridge. At this time preaching services were held in a tent near Pleasant Hill spring, in barns and in private houses. During Mr. Baldridge's ministry, a frame church building was erected forty feet square, with a second story to be used as an academy'. In 1823 Mr. Baldridge left for the west.

Rev. Mr. Clark held communion services in 1825, and Rev. Mr. McMillan in 1826. In the year 1827, Rev. James Arbuthnot was ordained and installed pastor of the churches of Pleasant Hill and Salt Creek. Mr. Arbuthnot had charge of these churches from the spring of 1827 to the fall of 1830. On Oct. 27, 1828, he organized the church of Norwich, of which he also became pastor. Rev. Samuel Wilson was ordained and installed over the united churches of Pleasant Hill, Norwich, and Salt Creek, April 5, 1832, giving to each one third of his time, and receiving from each, one third of his salary of $400. This arrangement continued for seven years, when Pleasant

Hill and Norwich applied each for one third of his time, and Mr. Wilson was released from Salt Creek. This pastorate continued for thirty six years and was interrupted only by the infirmities of age and failing health of the pastor.

In the years 1849-50, this congregation rebuilt and enlarged their house of worship. After Mr. Wilson's resignation, Rev. N. C. Helfrich became pastor of the united charge. His labors in Pleasant Hill church began on the second Sabbath of June, 1870, and on the 10th day of November he was installed. His labors with this church terminated October 25, 1874. Rev. Faris Brown became stated supply of the churches of New Concord and Norwich, September 10, 1875, and November 21, 1876, he was installed pastor of these churches, which relation still continues. In the year 1872, a new site having been obtained in the village of New Concord, a new church building was erected thereon, at a cost of about $4,000. The name of the church was changed from Pleasant Hill to New Concord, by act of Presbytery. During the present pastorate of fifteen and a half years, 324 members have been received to its communion, 141 persons have been baptized, 38 adults, 103 infants. Its present membership is 200.

The Reformed Presbyterian church, of New Concord was known as Salt Creek, until 1871. The first Covenanter known to settlers in this vicinity was Mathew Mitchell, who came with his family from ''the forks of the Yough" in Pennsylvania in 1804. Later came John Jamison, Wm. Robinson and Samuel McCutcheon. Their families constituted a praying society and unfurled the banner of the Covenant. They were occasionally visited by Revs. John Black and Matthew Williams. In the summer of 1814, Rev. Robert Wallace, who is the father of Covenanterism in Ohio began missionary work principally at Utica and Chillicothe. In 1815 he providentially met Neal McNaughton, at a hotel in Zanesville, who took him to his home, where Mr. Wallace preached the following Sabbath. The society continued to grow under his occasional ministrations until the organization of the congregation in June, 1821, by the election of John Auld and John Jamison, ruling elders. The communion was soon afterward dispersed and Mr. Wallace was assisted by the Rev. Charles B. McKee. The services were held in the woods near the farm of Mr. McCutcheon, and the following forty members communed at the first sacrement: John and

Cunningham; Eleanor Forsythe; Alexander and Mrs. George; Mathew, Sr., Mathew, Jr., and Mrs. Mitchell; Samuel, Isabel, Sr., Isabel, Jr., James and Anna McCutcheon; Neal and Mary McNaughton; Wm. Robinson; Joseph, Ann, James and Jane Sterrett; Thomas, Mary, Sr., Mary, Jr., William, James and Archibald Stevenson; David and Mary Sims; Jacob and Anna Wortman. All these are now dead. John Auld, John Jamison, David and Benjamin Wallace, David Hawthorne, Richard and Thomas McGee, Archibald and Wm. Stevenson, Walter McCrea, David Stormont, William and Thomas Wylie, John Gibson, William Forsythe, William Speer, William Elliot, Thomas Stewart, John Taylor, James McCartney, Samuel Mitchell, James R. Willson, Hugh Patterson, and John C. Robb.

In October, 1823, Mr. Wallace was installed pastor, and also preached at Jonathan's Creek, Muskingum and Wills Creek. Mr. Wallace died in July, 1849. In October, 1850, the Rev. Hugh P. McClurken was installed, and remained almost interruptedly for thirty-two years, and until his release in October, 1882. The Rev. James M. Faris, the present pastor was installed July 3, 1884.

In 1880 Mr. C. B. McKee established the Weekly Enterprise which met the encouragement it merited. In the spring 1881 the present editor and proprietor, Mr. J. H. Aikin, purchased a half interest, and in December he bought out his partner and assumed entire control. Th e Enterprise is a seven column folio, is a spicy, newsy paper devoted entirely to local interests and local news, and enjoys a good patronage.

The opening of the National Road brought many new settlers to Union township. This fact prompted William Harper to plat a town in 1827, which was incorporated six years later. This town, Norwich, is in section seven, the National Road being the main street of the village. Probably the first house erected on the site of the village was a boarding house or tavern erected by Samuel McCloud. After ward a hotel was kept by Reuben Whittaker. A store, probably the first in the place, was kept by Thos. Maxfield.

The schools of Norwich are graded. This system was adopted in 1884. At this date a new building was erected at a cost of $2,300. The building contains two rooms, but is considered inadequate to the necessities of the fapidly increasing attendance of pupils. The

The United Presbyterian church of Norwich was organized about i860, by members of churches of this denomination who were joined by dissenting members of other churches in Norwich. Some of the pastors were Rev. Boyd, Rev. Hutchinson, Rev. Ur. Paul, Rev. Huston, Rev. Dr. Spencer and the present pastor, Rev. Wyatt. A meeting house was erected shortly after the organization of the church. The site selected was the north side of Main street near the center of Norwich. The building is frame and with the grounds on which it stands is worth 582,500. It has a seating capacity of 300.

The Norwich Presbyterian church was organized October 27, 1828, by Rev. James Arbuthnot, under authority granted by Presbytery of Lancaster, September 30, 1828.

Its church building is located on an eminence at the west end of the village of Norwich. This organization was mainly constituted of members from the Pleasant Hill Presbyterian church. Its first pastor was Rev. James Arbuthnot. This pastorate continued for about two years. The original elders, elected at its organization, were Robert Miller, John Jamison, John Wycoff and Wm. McLoughlin. Its first trustees were Robert Miller, John Mc- Curdy, John Wycoff, Peter Galligher, John Crawford and Benjamin Wortman. In August 29, 1831, a call was made for the services of Rev. Samuel Wilson, which was accepted by him and he was ordained and installed April 5, 1832. This congregation worshiped in a small frame house, perhaps 25x35 feet, with a rough platform for a pulpit. In the year 1839 they built a brick meeting-house 64x45, which in a brief spa,ce after being occupied, was free from all debt. In the year 1852 the brick church was superseded by the present frame building. Mr. Wilson continued to be pastor of this church until April 28, 1868, when on account of failing health the pastoral relation was dissolved, making a pastorate of thirty-six years and twenty-three days. During this pastorate, about 700 persons were received to the communion of the churches of Pleasant Hill and Norwich. Of these nearly 500 were on profession of faith and about 200 by letter from other churches. About 600 persons were baptized ; of these nearly 500 were infants and nearly 125 adults. The present membership is 186.

Duncan's P^alls Presbyterian Church was organized May 20, 1852, by a committee acting under authority of the Presbytery of Zanesville. The members of this committee were Rev. M. A. Hays, Rev. W. M. Fergusort and Elder Samuel Milhous. The congregation organized with nineteen members, seventeen of whom held letters from other congregations; the remaining two were received after examination. The first deacons were James Irwin, John B. Peairs and Joseph Peairs. The first pastor was Wm. M. Grimes, who served the church for three years and was succeeded by Rev. M. Livingston, whose pastorate continued only one year. John Kelly was the third in charge of the congregation and remained with the church six years. The next, Henry Fulton, remained with the congregation longest of any pastor, - six and a half years. Then followed Martin L. Donohue, two and a half years; David M. Williamson, six years; James A. Baldridge, four years; and in 1887 Pidward W. Brown, the present pastor, who has ministered to the spiritual wants of the church continuously since that date. Immediately after its organization in 1852 a meeting-house was erected at a cost of $2,000. The church has a membership of ninety.