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Jefferson County, Illinois

48 topographic sheets cover 40 settlements here, and 2 properties are on the National Register of Historic Places.

Research this county

From the record

2 National Register listings published here.

Sources: the county history on the Internet Archive · the National Register database, National Park Service

Illinois within the United States
Jefferson County within Illinois

What the record shows

  • 439 topographic sheet readings cover the county's settlements.
  • 2 properties here are on the National Register of Historic Places: 2 buildings.
  • 1 of the 2 listings was added during the 1970s.
  • The Geographic Names Information System records 40 populated places in this county; 40 are covered by at least one topographic sheet.
  • 2 public-domain county histories, 1883 and 1909, supply 73,550 words of narrative reproduced here.

Places on the National Register

2

Every property in this county listed on the National Register of Historic Places, with the year it was listed and the federal nomination document.

Photograph PropertyType ListedReference
Appellate Court, 5th Districtbuilding197373000705
C. H. Judd Housebuilding198383003571

Wildfire, 2012 to 2020

4 fires

Every wildfire the federal occurrence database records inside this county: 4 of them, burning about 30 acres. None started naturally and none was recorded as arson. Each settlement page carries the fires within five miles of it.

Reported cause Fires
Debris and open burning3
Missing data/not specified/undetermined1

The five largest, by the area the report gives. None of them was recorded as arson.

DateCause SizeReported by Name on the report
18 November 2020Debris and open burning20 acresIllinois Division of Forestry Resources2020-01385
19 November 2020Debris and open burning10 acresIllinois Division of Forestry Resources2020-3198
27 February 2012Missing data/not specified/undeterminedunder an acreIllinois Division of Forestry ResourcesMILLER
4 November 2020Debris and open burningunder an acreIllinois Division of Forestry Resources2020-03045

Every settlement page carries the fires within five miles of it - see the settlement index below.

Storms, 1955 to 2025

60 of 338 shown

The NOAA Storm Events Database holds 338 reports for this county, causing 7 deaths, 64 injuries and about $29,208,400 in recorded property damage. Each settlement page carries the reports that name it.

Kind of event Reports
Thunderstorm Wind139
Hail91
Flash Flood34
Tornado31
Heavy Rain21
Flood12
Funnel Cloud7
Lightning3

The most serious of them, by death, then injury, then recorded damage. The accounts are quoted exactly as the forecast office filed them.

WhenEvent Place namedHarm What the report says
March 2008FloodDix2 killed, $58,000Two persons died after their truck stalled in floodwater on a secondary road near Waltonville. The three occupants of the truck climbed on top of it. One of the victims dropped her purse in the water and dove after it. Two other occupants of the truck dove in to rescue her. One of the rescuers swam to safety, but the other two persons were found submerged in debris about 1,000 yards from the truck. Numerous roads were closed around the county. Schools were closed. Illinois Route 148 was closed at the Big Muddy River bridge as water rose several feet over the bridge. Route 37 was closed south of Mount Vernon. One family in Mount Vernon was displaced when the basement walls caved in. At least fifty basements were flooded in the city.
December 1957Tornado (F4)not stated1 killed, 45 hurt, $2,500,000no account filed
March 1982Tornado (F2)not stated1 killed, 3 hurt, $2,500,000no account filed
March 2012Tornado (EF2)Shirley1 killed, 2 hurt, $150,000A tied down double wide mobile home was destroyed. A elderly lady was killed and a teenage boy was injured when the mobile home was lofted by the tornado and carried approximately 100 yards to the northeast, with the mobile home undercarriage carried approximately 200 yards. One home had windows blown out on the second story. One barn was heavily damaged with 2 others receiving moderate damage. Several trees were blown down or snapped. Peak winds were estimated near 130 mph.
May 2015Thunderstorm WindMt Vernon1 killed, $45,000Numerous tree limbs and power lines were blown down, along with a couple of large trees. A large tree limb blew across two mobile homes, killing a 72-year-old man who was in the mobile home closest to the tree. The man died from blunt-force trauma caused by the tree limb, which was about 20 inches in diameter. His mobile home was destroyed. The second mobile home received only minor damage.
July 2021FloodMt Vernon1 killed, $30,000Several streets on the south side of Mt. Vernon had standing water over them. Record flooding occurred on Rayse Creek in southwest Jefferson County. A motorist drowned after driving into the creek flooding on a county road south of Woodlawn. The incident occurred during the early morning hours of the 17th following the heavy rain on the 16th. The vehicle and driver were swept away in the creek. Both were recovered a couple days later. The storm total rainfall southwest of Mount Vernon was 6.0 inches, both at Scheller and Marcoe.
July 2006Thunderstorm WindCountywide5 hurt, $13,000,000Widespread very damaging winds, estimated around 90 MPH by a National Weather Service damage surveyor, raked most of Jefferson County. The city of Mount Vernon was especially hard hit, where about 14 percent of all homes received at least minor damage. Several thousands of trees were blown down, landing on cars, power lines, roads, and houses. In the city of Mount Vernon, damage assessments indicated 1,107 homes were affected by some type of damage. 491 homes received minor damage such as roofs blown off, 152 received major damage (meaning they could be made habitable again), and 18 were destroyed. In addition, 446 other homes were affected, meaning damage was mainly cosmetic, such as shingles blown off. A business trailer owned by a construction company was blown over, landing across a roadway. Several hundred of the damaged homes sustained considerable roof damage, due to both falling trees and the direct effects of the wind. In south Mount Vernon near the intersection of Highways 142 and 37, an off-duty meteorologist reported virtually all trees were damaged, and many were blown down or uprooted. Most residential streets west of Route 37 were closed for at least a day due to fallen trees. Several people were trapped in their vehicles by fallen trees. The city's Wal-Mart store was evacuated after it sustained roof damage and a gas leak. About 80 patients of a nursing home were evacuated after it received roof damage. Windows were blown out of numerous structures. On Interstate 57, several semis were blown off the road or overturned, and a manufactured home was blown onto the southbound shoulder from a dealership located just off the highway. Gas pumps were blown over at service stations. Numerous street signs were blown down or damaged. Outside of the city of Mount Vernon in Jefferson County, one mobile home and two small permanent homes were destroyed, and around 100 other homes in the county sustained varying degrees of damage. The damaged homes included 27 in Woodlawn and eleven each in Bonnie and Nason. The roof of an elementary school in Woodlawn would likely require complete replacement. At least 11 classrooms were damaged, including some that were damaged by rainwater. Windows were blown out of houses around the county. At least 12 area residents, mostly in the city of Mount Vernon, sought treatment at a community hospital. Of those injured, about five were a direct result of the damaging wind. Power was out for several days in parts of the county. Damage to utility lines and poles was extensive. The primary utility company serving the county estimated damage to its property at over one million dollars. Crop damage was considerable. This complex of storms caused widespread damage from where it originated in the St. Louis area east to Mount Vernon.
May 1973Tornado (F1)not stated3 hurtno account filed
December 1957Tornado (F2)not stated2 hurt, $25,000no account filed
September 2018Flash FloodDix1 hurt, $400,000Numerous county roads were closed due to flooding across the county. In Mount Vernon, a creek flooded a neighborhood on the north side of town. Numerous people were evacuated from their residences. A total of 45 homes were impacted and six streets were impassable. One person was taken to a hospital. The automated weather observation system at the Mount Vernon airport measured 6.91 inches in a 48-hour period.
April 1998Tornado (F2)Cravat1 hurt, $400,000Six houses sustained major damage in Cravat. One house was moved about 10 feet off of its foundation with the back portion of the house destroyed. One truck and some farm machinery were tossed 50 feet. Several small barns and outbuildings were destroyed. A truck driver sustained broken ribs when his tractor trailer was lifted up by the tornado. The trailer was lifted up into a vertical position before being set back down and rolling over. Several mobile homes were overturned.
February 1960Tornado (F2)not stated1 hurt, $250,000no account filed
August 2000Thunderstorm WindMt Vernon1 hurt, $30,000Thunderstorm winds destroyed a machine shed and damaged the roofs of two homes. Numerous trees were down. An 18-year-old man who was in the machine shed received facial cuts and minor head wounds, but he was not hospitalized.
May 2011Tornado (EF2)Woodlawn$4,000,000At least three houses lost portions of roof substructure, including roof decking. Numerous other homes sustained various degrees of shingle damage. Some houses lost siding. A total of 101 residences sustained damage, with 23 of those homes deemed uninhabitable. A folded up pop-up camper and adjacent shed were blown 50 to 75 feet. Dozens of trees and power poles were snapped. A twin-pole wooden tower carrying high-voltage power lines was leaning. The community of Boyd was directly impacted. In Boyd, a large machine shed/sawmill was destroyed. A church lost some shingles and roofing. There were numerous eyewitnesses and at least one photo of the tornado funnel. Peak winds were estimated near 115 mph. The average path width was 200 yards.
May 1983Tornado (F1)not stated$2,500,000no account filed
March 2024Tornado (EF1)Mt Vernon$700,000A cell merger led to a brief tornado along IL Hwy 37. Two metal buildings had much of their roofs removed, bay doors blown out, and large portions of walls removed. Several buses inside sustained significant damage from debris with 6 out of 14 buses totaled. Building material was pulverized and embedded in the ground and adjacent walls downstream of the start of the damage with other debris wrapped around nearby trees, fences, and powerlines. A nearby metal building sustained roof damage. Trees were uprooted and snapped near the start and end of the path. Peak winds were estimated near 90 mph.
April 1996Tornado (F3)Ina$200,000no account filed
February 2008Thunderstorm WindBelle Rive$180,000A dozen homes sustained roof damage, such as tiles missing or trees on roofs. Thirty to 35 trees were damaged or uprooted. A small boat was blown about 200 yards, damaging a front porch and breaking a window. Numerous power lines were down.
April 2006Thunderstorm WindBoyd$100,000In Boyd, a small community northwest of Mount Vernon, a saw mill building collapsed, and surrounding outbuildings were destroyed. The outbuildings included a trailer and a garage. Three trees were snapped or uprooted, and a couple of utility poles were snapped. The damage was oriented from southwest to northeast. The damage path length was one-half to two-thirds of a mile. The path width was about 300 yards. A damage survey conducted by the National Weather Service indicated a microburst with peak winds near 70 MPH caused the damage in Boyd. In the city of Mount Vernon, numerous trees were blown down, including three that landed on houses and one on a vehicle. Streets on the north side of town were blocked by trees. In Dix, the roof was partially torn off a building.
May 2004Tornado (F1)Woodlawn$100,000From Washington County, the tornado entered western Jefferson County about 5 miles south of where Interstate 64 crosses the county line, then moved northeast across the interstate near the Woodlawn exit. A semi was blown off the interstate near the exit. The tornado passed just south of Dix, then lifted north of Texico, less than 2 miles from the Marion County line. Damage in this very rural area consisted of numerous trees down and destroyed sheds and barns. About two dozen houses sustained damage, mostly due to trees falling on them. Many trees were on power lines, and power poles were snapped. The damage path was not continuous. The tornado was rated F-1 for just a brief portion of its track, where maximum winds were estimated near 110 MPH.
April 2003Thunderstorm WindBluford$100,000Two businesses in Mount Vernon were unroofed. The roof of an auto parts store was blown into the parking lot, landing on top of a vehicle. Rain damaged the inventory of the store. A florist shop was partially unroofed. A dry goods store sustained some damage when a sign on top of the store blew down. Numerous trees were blown down in Mount Vernon, near Bluford, and around Dix.
April 2011Tornado (EF1)Bluford$90,000Many trees were snapped or uprooted. A hay barn was partially pushed over. An old wooden barn was destroyed. A newer wood-frame equipment shed was nearly destroyed. A house roof was heavily damaged, with loosening of roof decking. In the immediate vicinity of the tornado, straight-line winds from the same storm caused a large tree to fall on the roof of a house. Peak winds were near 110 mph. The average path width was 80 yards.
April 2011Tornado (EF1)Mt Vernon$70,000There was shingle damage to houses. Awnings and overhangs were destroyed. Many trees were snapped or uprooted. In the immediate vicinity of the tornado damage path, straight-line winds from the same storm damaged the roof and chimney of a house. Peak winds were around 105 mph. The average path width was 90 yards.
April 2011Thunderstorm WindMt Vernon$60,000Some trees and tree limbs were blown down. There were about a dozen tree limbs that landed on power lines or blocked roads. One tree landed on a residence. On Interstate 57, a semi was overturned at the north split to Interstate 64.
March 2009Tornado (EF1)Texico$60,000The roof was partially blown off a school. At several properties, large and small equipment sheds were destroyed. Shingle and siding damage occurred at several homes. Trees were topped and uprooted. Carports were knocked over. Peak winds were estimated at 95 mph.
October 2014Tornado (EF1)Bluford$50,000This brief tornado touchdown occurred along County Road 2100 north of Bluford. Power lines were blown down. A barn was damaged, with metal roofing peeled toward the north. The tornado damaged the roof of a house and destroyed a barn. Metal chairs were pushed up along a railing near the house. Trees were snapped and uprooted. Peak winds were estimated up to 105 mph.
April 2011Thunderstorm WindBelle Rive$50,000Numerous trees were blown down. A large open-ended farm building near exit 89 along Interstate 64 was destroyed.
June 2011Heavy RainMt Vernon$50,000A trained spotter measured 4.5 inches of rain, most of which fell within six hours. A hole several feet wide developed near the base of a levee on Waltonville Lake. The hole was due to a weakness in the levee, possibly the equivalent of a sand boil. Due to water gushing from the hole, Illinois Route 148 was closed. The water rose a few inches over the highway. To ease pressure on the weak spot, the lake was intentionally drained by excavating two gaps in the levee.
May 1999HailMt Vernon$50,000Hail nearly the size of softballs was reported near Mount Vernon by a television meteorologist.
September 1994Thunderstorm Windnot stated$50,000Data not received.
June 2015Thunderstorm WindBelle Rive$40,000A barn was destroyed, and trees were blown down.
July 2011Thunderstorm WindMt Vernon$40,000Numerous trees and power lines were brought down. An athletic field fence was damaged. Eleven utility poles were knocked down. About 1,500 utility customers were without power in the city. Power was fully restored by noon the following day.
August 2010Thunderstorm WindOpdyke$40,000Siding was pulled off homes and a boat was thrown into a woodpile. Trees were blown over, including a large oak tree. Vinyl fencing was blown across a yard. Tree limbs were down on roads.
January 2008Thunderstorm WindMt Vernon$40,000In Mt. Vernon, several trees and power lines were blown down. Some streets were blocked. In McClellan, a pole barn was destroyed. The roof of a nearby house received major damage, and siding was torn from it.
April 2000Thunderstorm WindWaltonville$40,000The roof of a home was blown off, and a nearby garage was destroyed. A vehicle in the garage was totalled. A fishing boat was overturned on top of the wrecked garage.
October 1996Thunderstorm WindMt Vernon$40,000no account filed
March 2024Thunderstorm WindMt Vernon$30,000A microburst occurred east of the tornado track spreading debris from the metal building system eastward as it snapped several trees and tree limbs high off the ground and removed roofing material from a home on N Loop Lane.
June 2023Thunderstorm WindMt Vernon$30,000Multiple trees and power lines were down in the Mt. Vernon area. A tree fell on a mobile home and damaged the home. A large maple tree was snapped. A wind gust to 70 mph was measured on a personal weather station two miles west-southwest of Mt. Vernon.
June 2013Thunderstorm Wind(Mvn)Mt Vernon Arpt$30,000Numerous large trees were downed along the northwest side of the Mount Vernon airport. Power lines were brought down in the neighborhood. County Road 1380 North was blocked by a downed tree.
June 2010Thunderstorm WindWoodlawn$30,000In Mount Vernon, numerous tree limbs and wires were blown down, along with one power pole. Streets were blocked by downed limbs and wires. Some businesses received minor damage, such as ripped awnings and fallen gutters. An antenna with its 30-foot tower was brought down at a city residence. A fence was blown over. Elsewhere in the county, a couple of trees were blown down in Woodlawn and Nason.
July 2008Thunderstorm WindMt Vernon$30,000Numerous large tree limbs were blown down. Tree limbs fell across several city streets. Two vehicles were damaged by falling limbs. Power lines were damaged by broken tree limbs.
March 2006Flash FloodCountywide$30,000Widespread flash flooding inundated thousands of acres of low-lying areas. Many roads were underwater. Rayse Creek and smaller creeks in its vicinity overflowed into woods and fields. In Mount Vernon, the public works director described the flooding as the worst in 31 years. Some streets in Mount Vernon were impassable for several blocks due to major flooding. Several vehicles stalled out in the deep water. Several homes were flooded in the city. Outside the city in other parts of the county, one house was inaccessible by vehicle due to floodwater estimated to be four feet deep. In Bluford, the 300 block of South Street was flooded out. Elsewhere, a basement was covered by 5 inches of water. On North Two Mile Creek Lane, a vehicle became stranded in water. Water rescues were conducted east of Mount Vernon.
January 1999Thunderstorm WindIna$30,000A barn was destroyed near Ina on Route 154.
May 2011FloodSpring Garden$30,000no account filed
July 2019Thunderstorm WindMt Vernon$25,000There were numerous downed tree limbs and power lines in Jefferson County. Some of the limbs were down on cars.
June 2018Thunderstorm WindDix$25,000Widespread wind damage occurred around the county, mostly due to downed trees. Power outages were reported throughout the county.
March 2017Thunderstorm WindMt Vernon$25,000In Mt. Vernon, a portable shed was blown across a roadway, and some roofing was blown off a hospital. Four to five miles south through southeast of Mt. Vernon, a couple of houses lost shingles.
May 2002Thunderstorm WindMt Vernon$25,000Trees and tree limbs were blown down in Mount Vernon. One tree fell on a house, another fell on a carport, and another fell on power lines. Downed limbs and wires were reported at 17 locations in the city.
August 2001Thunderstorm WindWaltonville$25,000A supercell thunderstorm tracked east-southeast across southern Jefferson County. The greatest concentration of sporadic wind damage was oriented in a 4-mile long swath through Waltonville. Several large trees and tree limbs were downed. Two barns and one car were damaged by falling tree debris. Trusses of a business undergoing a re-roofing project were blown down. Part of a tin roof was blown off the corner of another barn. An uninhabited trailer home was blown off its foundation and demolished. The damage was determined to be from thunderstorm outflow winds, likely from the rear flank of the storm. Peak winds were estimated at 70 to 80 MPH. Toward the end of the damage path, a weak tornado briefly touched down.
April 1966Tornado (F0)not stated$25,000no account filed
May 1959Tornado (F1)not stated$25,000no account filed
December 1957Tornado (F2)not stated$25,000no account filed
December 1957Tornado (F2)not stated$25,000no account filed
March 2024Thunderstorm WindMt Vernon$20,000Trees were reported downed northwest of Mount Vernon. Power outages also occurred throughout Jefferson County including Mount Vernon and south of Dix.
May 2024Thunderstorm WindMt Vernon$20,000A storm line moving eastward across Mount Vernon brought down trees and power lines, resulting in power outages. A public report was made of a 70 mph measured wind gust in Mount Vernon.
June 2022Thunderstorm WindDix$20,000There were numerous reports of power outages in Jefferson County. Numerous tree branches and limbs were down in and near Mt. Vernon. Shingles were blown off a few roofs. Large trees were blown down at Dix.
May 2018Thunderstorm WindWoodlawn$20,000Scattered tree damage was reported across the county. Large limbs were down between Woodlawn and Mt. Vernon. Structural damage to outbuildings was reported near Waltonville. A wind gust to 78 mph was measured at the Mt. Vernon airport.
July 2016Thunderstorm WindScheller$20,000A trained spotter estimated winds gusted to 70 mph in Scheller. In Mount Vernon, wind gusts to 60 mph were estimated by the public. Numerous trees were blown down in the Waltonville and Mount Vernon areas, including one tree that landed on a metal shed.
April 2014Thunderstorm WindMt Vernon$20,000Several large trees and two outbuildings were blown down. The damage occurred along Illinois Route 148.
June 2011Thunderstorm WindSpring Garden$20,000This microburst continued northeast from Franklin County into southeast Jefferson County. Wind gusts were estimated up to 95 mph. Many trees were snapped or uprooted. A couple of roads were blocked by downed trees, including Illinois Highway 142. A few utility poles were broken by falling trees.

Mines and quarries

2 recorded

The Survey's mineral resources record lists 2 workings inside this county. None of them still produces: all are closed or unrecorded. Each settlement page carries the workings within five miles of it.

Commodity Workings
Stone, Crushed/Broken1
Stone1

The least common of them first, because a county's hundredth gravel pit says nothing its first ten did not.

Where SiteCommodity StatusRecorded
Jefferson Cty Hwy Dept PitStonePast Producer
Limestone ProspectStone, Crushed/BrokenOccurrence

The townships, in 1909

73,550 words

Wall's History of Jefferson County, Illinois devotes a chapter to each township: its boundaries and streams, who settled it and when, the mills, the schools and the churches. All 15 are reproduced here in full. Each row shows the township's own shape and where it lies in the county, drawn from the Census Bureau's boundary. Which settlements belong to which township is computed from that same boundary, not taken from the book.

The county's history books

373,005 words

2 books written about this county, cut here where the book itself is cut, at its printed chapters: 61 chapters in all. Every chapter is public domain, machine-read from the scan and reproduced complete. A chapter already given under one of the county's towns is not repeated in this list.

History of Jefferson County, Illinois (1883)

Wall's History of Jefferson County, Illinois (1909)

Every populated place in the county

40

Named settlements recorded in the Geographic Names Information System, each with the topographic sheets covering it. Villages, hamlets and abandoned places alike. Each is shown with the nearest named watercourse or landform and the survey quadrangle it falls on.

The vanished settlements of Jefferson County: the places named above that are no longer on the map.

Provenance

  • Topographic sheets. USGS Historical Topographic Map Collection, county index, measured from the bulk metadata.
  • Fire insurance maps. Library of Congress Sanborn collection, faceted to this county.
  • Photographs. Each place queried individually against the Library of Congress Prints and Photographs search.
  • Wildfire. Short, Karen C. 2022. Spatial wildfire occurrence data for the United States, 1992-2020 [FPA_FOD_20221014]. 6th Edition. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service Research Data Archive. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2013-0009.6 Collected with United States Government funding and usable without additional permissions or fees.
  • Mines and quarries. USGS Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS) https://mrdata.usgs.gov/mrds/ A work of the United States government, no copyright under 17 U.S.C. 105.
  • Storms. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Events Database https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/stormevents/ A work of the United States government, no copyright under 17 U.S.C. 105. Narratives are quoted verbatim from the National Weather Service report and are not edited or summarised.