Portland, Oregon - Portland, Oregon, Its History and Builders : in Connection with the An (part 18 of 25)

As previously stated. Dr. Giltner was married to Miss Martha M. Hause, the wedding being celebrated on the 9th of March, 1846. Her parents were Abraham and Mary Hause of Philadelphia, and Mrs. Giltner was born in Chester county, near Philadelphia, on Christmas day of 1826. Unto Dr. and Airs. Giltner were born ten children, of whom four died in infancy. Of those who reached adult age. Dr. William Paris Giltner died at the age of forty-nine years. He was born in 1849 ^^^ passed away in 1898. He graduated from the University of Pennsylvania and devoted his life to the practice of medicine. He was also a prominent Elk. He married Minnie Going and unto them were born four children: James, Paris E., Edward B. and John R. Emma Giltner is one of the graduates of the old Portland Academy and also the high school of this city. She was afterward graduated from the Women's College at Baltimore, Maryland, where she won the degree of Bachelor of Arts, while subsequently that of Master of Arts was conferred upon her. She became the wife of Eugene D. White and had one son, Eugene G. Roscoe R., of Portland, the third member of the family, was graduated from the high school of this city, afterward continued his studies under a private tutor and later entered Yale College, from which he was graduated. He married Fronia Wallace. He is quite prominent in politics and has held the office of city attorney. Frank F., of Portland, after graduating from the high school, attended Yale University. He married Louise Scheuer and is now filling the oflice of deputy sheriff. Martha G., who is a graduate of the high school, later attended a private school, preparatory to entering Wellesley college, near Boston, Massachusetts, receiving a scholarship and Greek honors from Athens. She is now the wife of Vincent Cook, of Portland. Horace, who was born in 1861, died in 1896.

In his political views. Dr. Giltner was a republican from the time of the organization of the party until his death. In addition to the official position which he held in the line of his profession, he was a member of the school board, to which he was appointed about 1872, serving for several years. He was instrumental in the establishment of the Portland high school and was also in' strumental in securing the passage of a bill allowing colored children to attend the public schools. He was a stalwart and determined champion of the cause of higher education as a feature of public schools, saying that he had plenty of money to give his children advantages of that character but that the poorer people's children would never get an education beyond that which the public schools afforded. His labors in behalf of public instruction were effective and far-reaching, and his work in this direction alone would entitle him to the honor and respect of his fellowmen.

The Doctor was a life member of the Masonic lodge of Philadelphia, which he joined in early manhood, and also belonged to Columbia Chapter No. 91, R. A. M. While he held to the belief of the Society of Friends, he yet became a member of the Lutheran church and was a liberal contributor to St. James church in this city. He died May 18, 1910, having for five years survived his wife, who passed away on the 2d of March, 1905, and was laid to rest in Riverview cemetery. His home relations were largely ideal. His interests centered in his family and his own happiness seemed complete if he was contributing to the welfare and happiness of his wife and children. He gave to his sons and daughters the best educational advantages, knowing that therein he was bestowing on them a priceless gift. He rejoiced in his success because of the opportunity it gave him to surround the members of his household with the comforts and the luxuries of life. The poor and needy found in him a generous friend, but his charity was always most unostentatious. He followed the Bible injunction not to let the left hand know what the right hand doeth, and from no words of his own did anyone learn of the charity and helpful spirit of Dr. Giltner. There were times when even the recipients of his bounty did not know who was their benefactor. He frequently commissioned someone, ofttimes the members of his own household, to make purchase of flour and other necessities of life, and send such to the poor. His pastor is responsible for the statement that he gave a tenth of his income to the support of the gospel and for the benefit of local hospitals and the poorer classes. His great heart reached out in sympathy to all mankind and his helping hand lifted many a one out of the slough of despondency into an atmosphere of courage and good cheer.

Dr. Giltner was a man of scholarly attainment, who, throughout his life took great interest in the study of history, sociology and literature. He possessed a remarkably retentive memory so that his opinions and his knowledge were frequently sought to settle some disputed question. He seemed almost never to forget a point which he had read or a character with whom he had become acquainted in literature. During the last four years of his life he suffered from ill health but retained the same keen perception and memory that had characterized him in his youth. The snows of many winters whitened his hair for he reached the age of eighty-six years, but his heart ever remained young, and in spirit and in interest he seemed always in his prime. For forty-four years he was a resident of Portland, and in the city it would be impossible to find one who had aught to say against him. Thoughts of reverence and words of praise rise to the lips of many whenever his name is mentioned. Especially was he held in grateful remembrance by the poor whom he assisted, by the friends whose intelligence was stimulated by his own broad knowledge, but most of all in that household where he occupied the position of almost ideal husband and father. What a fitting crown of life is a memory that is as revered and sacred as is that of Dr. Jacob S. Giltner.

Love and appreciation are expressed in the term "Oregon's Own," by which name June MacMillan Ordway is called throughout the state. From childhood she has sung the praises of the fair land in which she lives and touched in verse and prose upon many of the experiences of life, winning a place among those whose authorship has added to the literary fame of the northwest. Her birthplace was a new log cabin on the Tualatin plains, her natal day being September II, 1855. She was one of a family of nine children, a quiet, dreamy child, one to whom the noisy sports of youth made little appeal. She was thoughtful and earnest, and in her very early girlhood seemed to give much consideration to the serious things of life and to plan for the future. She was but six years of age when three of her little brothers passed from life within a very few days, and the little girl became more quiet and thoughtful than before. Many sorrows have since come into her life, but they have never embittered her, having on the contrary developed that broad sympathy which finds its best expression only in those who have passed through the more difficult experiences.

She was extremely young when she began to express herself in writing, and one of her teachers, discovering her great talents and becoming interested in her work, had a little story and verse published in a Salem (Ore.) paper. She was twelve years of age when she first received remuneration for her verse, which was accepted and paid for by a New York publication. Once when very young, after one of her quiet, thoughtful days, when sitting in the midst of the family circle, she suddenly said that she was going to be a "writer lady" when she grew up. This created much merriment in the household, and the sensitive nature of the child shrank from that misunderstanding which is often harder to bear than active hostility. She cherished her little verses, however, and many a time hid her writings away in some secret place, fearing they would be destroyed. Her education was in large acquired through her own efl^orts and her studious nature inclined her to the perusal of all the volumes which she could procure. From the earliest reception of her verse to the present time she has continued her writing, finding in literary pursuits that expression of the inner self which the painter puts upon his canvas or the sculptor chisels in marble. She is the author of the play "Oregon," together with several other plays, and her writings include many songs, poems and stories. Long since she has established her position in the world of letters and among her treasures are written words of congratulation and encouragement from the late President McKinley, Marcus Hanna and Lillian Whiting. When Ella Wheeler Wilcox visited Portland a few years ago she gave Mrs. Ordway great encouragement, telling her to let nothing discourage her in her writings. Among her most beautiful productions are three dedicatory odes written for the unveiling of military monuments in her native state. One of these entitled, "Mufiled Drums" was for the unveiling of the monument at Hubbard, Marion county, erected by the ex-soldiers of that county. For the monument erected in Lone Fir cemetery, Portland, her poem was entitled, "After the Battles," this being erected by the citizens to the memory of those who fell in the Mexican, Civil, Indian and Spanish-American wars. The last and grandest of the three monuments was erected in Portland, on which occasion her poem was entitled, "After Taps." Her son, Eliot W., was one of the brave boys of Company H, Second Oregon, in the Spanish-American war and died at sea, of typhoid fever, near Manila, September 24, 1898. His company was called the "flower of Oregon," being composed mostly of high school boys of good families and refined homes.

Mrs. Ordway inherits her mother's charitable instincts and has assisted many less fortunate than herself. Like many other kindly disposed people, she has been greatly imposed upon at times, but her heart never closes its doors against the appeal of the needy, and when the possibility of rendering material assistance is hers, she does it with ready hand. Fortune has not always smiled upon her path, but in the darkest hours she has ever remembered her mother's teachings concerning virtue and honesty. The greatest sorrow of her life has come to her in the loss of her children, two beautiful, gifted boys, Eliot and Earl. She was married while quite young to Julius Ordway, a native of Maine, who died in 1908.

Mrs. Ordway is a favorite throughout the state and especially among the pioneer families, and in a newspaper of recent date, she was mentioned as "Oregon's sweetest singer." She says she feels that "she has just commenced getting the ground ready," as it were. She is ambitious, hoping to yet accomplish much in life and much for her native state - beautiful Oregon. The Hassalo Street Congregational church of Portland was organized in a small school house on the property known as MacMillan's addition, and at the service every Sunday morning, June MacMillan Ordway, then a young girl, played upon a small organ, which was carried there every Sunday by the owner from his home, with the assistance of a neighbor. This organ has been brought from Maine.

Morris Homans Whitehouse

Among the promising young architects of Portland the name of Morris H. Whitehouse occupies a highly favorable position. A native son of Oregon, he was born at Portland, March 21, 1878. His father, whose sketch appears elsewhere in this record, is Benjamin G. Whitehouse, and his mother Clara (Homans) Whitehouse, both natives of New England and pioneers of the Pacific coast.

Morris H. Whitehouse possessed unusual advantages of education in preparation for a profession which attracts many of the brightest minds of the country. In addition to the training received in various schools, he grew up in a home of culture and refinement - the best of all known institutions for the development of the faculties most essential in the attainment of a successful career. Llis first school experience was in the public schools where he continued until he arrived at an age for preparatory college training. He then became a student of the Bishop Scott Academy, from which he was graduated in June, 1896, at the age of eighteen. Entering the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, he continued one year - 1896-7, and returning in 1902 continued until 1906. In recognition of his work at this school, one of the leading institutions of the kind in the world, he was awarded the prize for special students for best scholarship in all studies and the honor of first holder of the 1906 traveling scholarship. This gave him the opportunity of a year's study abroad, which he spent at the American Academy at Rome, Italy, returning to Portland in 1907. While in Europe he made a study, under most favorable conditions, of many of the greatest architectural works, ancient and modern, and also came into personal contact with many of the most prominent masters.

Opening an office in Portland in 1907, Mr. Whitehouse at once became actively engaged in his profession and during the short time that has since elapsed has met with marked success. Among the buildings of which he has been architect may be named : the Jefferson high school ; the receiving ward of the Oregon State Insane Asylum ; the Old Peoples Home ; the Ladd & Tilton Bank interior ; the grand stand and alteration to the athletic field of the Multnomah Amateur Athletic Club ; the new Lincoln high school ; also many country and city houses, office buildings and apartment houses for private individuals.

Mr. Whitehouse was united in marriage October 17, 1908, at Salt f.ake City, Utah, to Miss Grace Grey R-eed, a daughter of James and Georgiana Reed, of Boston, Massachusetts. Mrs. Whitehouse is a highly educated and accomplished lady whose entire sympathy is with her husband at the beginning of his career. He is affiliated in professional organizations as a member of the Portland Architectural Club and as associate member of the American Institute of Architects. He is also a member of the Portland Archaeological Society, the Portland Art Association, the Multnomah Club, the University Club and the Waverly Golf Club. Mr. Whitehouse has many social qualities which have endeared him to a circle of friends which is constantly widening. It is safe to prophesy that he will prove a worthy successor to an honorable father in contributing, to the extent of his ability, toward the upbuilding of the northwest.

E. M. Green

E. M. Green has reached his majority in the practice of law, for he has now been actively connected with the profession for twenty-one years, having opened a law office in Vancouver in 1889. He was born in Iowa, February 10, 1863, and spent his youthful days in that state, his early education, obtained in the public schools, being supplemented by study in the State University of Iowa. He was graduated from its law department with the class of 1888 and in the fall of the same year made his way westward to Clarke county, Washington. The same year he was admitted to practice and for one term after establishing his home in Vancouver he engaged in teaching school there. In the spring of 1889 he opened his law office and has practiced continuously since with great success, being accorded a large and distinctively representative clientage that has connected him with much of the important litigation tried in the courts of his district. Aside from his practice he has business interests of importance, being a director of the United States National Bank of Vancouver and also of the Vancouver Ice & Cold Storage Company.

Moreover, Mr. Green has found time and opportunity for active public work and his devotion to the welfare and improvement of his city is well known. He has served for one term - the year 1908 - as mayor of Vancouver and has also been city attorney for three terms, being elected in 1895 ^^^ again in 1898, holding the ofBce after the second election for two years. He was also a candidate for judge of the superior court in 1894. In politics he has ever been a stalwart democrat, is a recognized leader of his party in this section of the country and has been a delegate to all of the state conventions of Washington through the past fourteen years. However, he regards the pursuits of private life as in themselves worthy of his best efforts. He has been admitted to all the state and federal courts and is now engaged in a large law practice.

On the 26th of April, 1892, Mr. Green v/as united in marriage to Miss Eva J. Van Slyke, of Vancouver. They belong to the First Christian church, of which he is a trustee, and he is also a member of the Masonic lodge; of Vancouver Chapter, No. 9, R. A. M. ; Vancouver Council, R. & S. M. ; Vancouver Commandery, No. 10, K. T. ; and Afifi Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Tacoma. He IS now a past master of the blue lodge and is scribe of the chapter, and he belongs to the Eastern Star. He also holds membership with the Independent

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Order of Odd Fellows, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Ancient Order of United Workmen, the Woodmen of the World, and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. His life exemplifies many of the stable and beneficent principles of those organizations, which are all based upon a spirit of mutual helpfulness and brotherly kindness.

Judge John Catlin

For more than sixty years the Catlin family has been identified with the development of the northwest, the fourth generation of the family now having appeared upon the scene. Coming from sturdy Puritan ancestry, the Catlins have possessed the essential traits which characterized the pioneers and those virtues which aim to advance the moral, intellectual and material welfare of all with whom they have associated. The earlier Catlins were men of great will and energy. They were fearless of danger from savage foe or wild beast and the impression which they made upon the pioneer settlements indicates that they were men of more than ordinary intellectual caliber. It is this type that makes possible the conquest of the wilderness and the establishment of peaceable homes under well ordered laws where previously the country was uninhabitable or barbarous tribes roamed under control, of scarcely less barbarous leaders.

The first Catlin whose name gained prominence in the history of the west was Seth Catlin, father of Judge John Catlin, of this review, and grandfather of Seth Catlin, whose sketch is also presented below. He was born at Pittsfield, Massachusetts, in 1792, and in 1805, at the age of thirteen, removed with his parents to Ohio, where the family for some time made its home, the region westward being then largely under control of warlike Indians. The pioneer spirit, however, was still urging forward and Seth Catlin is next met with in Illinois, which was admitted as a state in 1818 and extended an urgent invitation for settlers from more populous regions eastward. There he was married to Agnes, daughter of James Redpath, who emigrated from Scotland in 1818 and located in Illinois. Mr. Catlin was a resident of St. Clair county on the east side of the Mississippi river, opposite St. Louis, and was a prominent figure in public afifairs, representing his county for several terms in the state legislature. A family of seven sons came to bless the Illinois home of Mr. and Mrs. Catlin: Seth, Jr., who later died in Arkansas; James, now a farmer in Mexico; Robert, a graduate of the United States Military Academy at West Point, who lost a leg in the Civil war and later resided at Washington, D. C, serving for a time as deputy governor of the Soldiers' Home, but is now deceased; Adam, who lived at the homestead finally selected by the family in the northwest and died in 1906; Charles, who died September i, 1900; Frederick, engaged in farming in Washington ; and John, whose record appears below.

Although Seth Catlin was a good buisness man and a growing factor in the community where he made his home, he felt that the needs of a large family required a wider field and he decided to migrate to the northwest. Settlers from New England had made a trail leading over South Pass to the mouth of the Willamette river in the territory of Oregon, and caravans each spring passed westward through Iowa and Nebraska toward the newly opened country. In the spring of 1848 Mr. Catlin and his family started on the long journey across the plains and through the mountains and after several months of toil and suffering, arrived safely at the little town of Foster, twenty miles from Portland, the first white settledent the emigrants had seen, with the exception of a few log forts and trading posts, since leaving the Missouri river. They received a friendly greeting from brave men and women who had already located in the region. The country was open for occupation and Mr. Catlin selected a promising tract of six hundred and forty acres three miles south of Portland, where a cabin was erected and the duties and responsibilities of life in a new countrybegun. Later he located six hundred and forty acres of land in Cowlitz county, Washington, where he resided until the time of his death. Mr. Catlin was an intelligent man of wide observation and a natural leader. He quickly gained recognition and was elected to the territorial legislature, and when his abilities became better known, was elected a member of the territorial council and served as president of the council for several terms. He was a democrat and ardently advocated the claims of his party. He departed this life in 1865, Mrs. Catlin surviving her husband nineteen years, when she, too, was called away, leaving many relatives and friends who recognized her sterling worth.

Judge John Catlin, the first son of Seth and Agnes Catlin, was born at Turkey Hill, St. Clair county, Illinois, February 6, 1832. He became one of the remarkable men of pioneer times and his memory is cherished in the hearts and minds of many now living who knew him as a man of unsullied character and a genuine friend and helper of humanity. He inherited many of the best characteristics of his father and in addition had advantages of education not possessed by many whose entire life was passed in the battle necessarily involved in the subjection of the wilderness. Judge Catlin received his early education in the common schools and at the age of sixteen accompanied the family on the trail to Oregon. The trip was one of the exciting episodes of a long life, much of which was spent amid stirring scenes, and it often furnished themes for reminiscences of great interest in his later years. Being young and stalwart, he walked a large part of the way to the coast and on arriving was prepared to do a full man's work in clearing the forest and on the farm. He continued at home until twenty-seven years of age, when he returned to Illinois and became a student of law in the office of ex-Governor A. C. French, of Lebanon, Illinois. He also pursued special studies at McKendree College and later went to Cincinnati, where he entered the Cincinnati Law School, graduating with the degree of LL. B. in 1861. He returned to Portland during the fall of the following year and took up the practice of his profession, in which he continued with marked success for more than thirty years, gaining recognition as one of the brightest and best informed members of the bar in Oregon. He served as a member of the Portland city council and in 1886 was elected for a term of four years as county judge of Multnomah county, which position he filled with the highest credit to himself and the county. He had a judicial mind and never allowed personal or party considerations to affect his decisions. Many of his opinions have since been regarded as precedents to be literally observed as they embody the highest principles of right and justice.

Judge Catlin was united in marriage in 1866 to Miss Frances A. Henderson, a daughter of Robert and Rhoda (Holman) Henderson, of Yamhill county, Oregon, pioneers who came from the east in 1846. Eight children were born of the union of Judge and Mrs. Catlin : Agnes R., Robert, Blanche, Seth, Frances, Rebecca, Clementine and Margaret. The Judge departed this life July 19, 1902, after a long and painful illness, during which he displayed a fortitude that endeared him more than ever to his family and friends. For several years previous to his death he lived retired. He was a member of the Masonic order. A great concourse paid their last respects to the memory of one who, by a life of earnest endeavor and thoughtfulness for others, had won their lasting regard.

Seth Catlin, the fourth child of Judge John and Frances A. Catlin, was born at Portland, February 20, 1872. He was educated in the city schoois and Bishop Scott Academy, and then studied architecture, his talent being largely along the lines represented by the constructive faculties. For some time he was connected with the city engineer's office and for seven years was identified with the ofiice of the United States surveyor general in Portland. He is now president of the Oregon Map & Blue Print Company, with of^ces at 323^ Washington street, and through long experience and thorough knowledge of the needs of his specialty, has built up a flourishing business. He was united in marriage June

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7, 1905, to Miss Ida Thompson, a daughter of Robert Green and Leona (Welch) Thompson. Her father, who was a pioneer sheep-raiser of Oregon, died in 1894, but Mrs. Thompson is still living. The union of Mr. and Mrs. Catlin has been blessed by one child, John Robert, the name John being one long handed down in the Catlin family and one which has never, to the present day, been dishonored.

Benson B. Arbuckle

Benson B. Arbuckle, of Portland, is numbered among the veterans of the Civil war. The members of the Grand Army of the Republic are fast passing away, but the story of their deeds will never cease to thrill the American citizens, for history records their prowess and their valor in attempting the preservation of the Union - a work in which they were gloriously successful.

Mr. Arbuckle was born in Bowhng Green, Ohio, on the 21st of January, 1838, a son of Joseph F. and Amanda (Smith) Arbuckle, the former of Scotch descent and the latter of English lineage. The father was a farmer by occupation and in 1839 removed westward with his family to Illinois, settling in De Kalb county. He took up his abode upon a preemption claim of one hundred and twenty acres and later purchased the place when the land was put upon the -market. Both he and his wife continued to make their home upon that farm until called to their final rest, Mr. Arbuckle passing away at the very venerable age of ninety-three years, while his wife reached the advanced age of eighty-four years.

Benson B. Arbuckle was only a little more than a year old when his parents removed to Illinois, and there amid pioneer surroundings his youthful days were passed. His early education acquired in the district schools, was supplemented by study in the Mount Morris Seminary, of Mount Morris, Illinois, and when he had put aside his text-books he gave his undivided attention to the further development and improvement of the home farm until 1859, when he went with ox teams to Pikes Peak, passing through Denver when there were only two or three log cabins in that now flourishing city. He was engaged in prospecting and mining in Colorado until December, 1861.

In the meantime the Civil war had broken out. He watched with interest the progress of events in the south and when he was convinced that the war was to be no mere holiday affair and that the country needed the aid of all of its loyal citizens he offered his services to the government, and on the 9th of August, 1862, enlisted at Kingston, Illinois, for three years. The regiment was formed in response to the call for six hundred thousand more volunteers made by President Lincoln in the summer of that year, was formed at Camp Fuller, Rockford, and became the Ninety-fifth Illinois Infantry. The troops went into camp at Rockford and remained there from the 4th of September until the 8th of November, preparing for the real and active service before them in the field. Here the men had a good opportunity of becoming acquainted with some of the requirements and conditions of military life and of studying into the theoretical part of war. Squad, company and battalion drills and dress parades occupied their attention and the regiment went to the front well equipped for service. On the 29th of September, 1862, orders were received from Governor Yates for the regiment to proceed to Louisville, Kentucky, and report to Major General H. G. Wright, commanding the Department of the Ohio. Preparations were hastily and gladly made and the regiment started but had hardly boarded the train when Governor Yates rescinded the former order of march and commanded them to return to Camp Fuller. On the 30th of October, however, another order directed that the command move immediately to Columbus, Kentucky, and report for duty to Major General U. S. Grant, commanding the Army of the Ten- nessee. The troops joined Grant's army at Jackson, where preparations were going on for an active campaign in the field. On the 21st of November they proceeded by rail to Grand Junction and were assigned to the division commanded by General John McArthur, where the Ninety-fifth was called upon to associate, drill, march, fight and compete with those veteran regiments that had entered the service at the beginning of the war. The men were put upon their mettle and proved themselves equal to the old war-scarred veterans. With the usual experiences of marching and warfare the Ninety-fifth proceeded toward Vicksburg. The command was in camp at Abbeville until the i8th of December, 1862, performing various kinds of post duty. Marching through Oxford, they proceeded to Yockena Station, where news was received that the Confederate General Van Dorn had made a dash with his cavalry into Holly Springs, destroyed large quantities of supplies and largely captured the federal garrison. The troops at Yockena were then ordered back to Holly Springs to protect against another such invasion by Van Dorn. The campaign closed in northern Mississippi, with the federal troops successful in driving the enemy from his base on the Tallahatchie river. It was soon evident that there was a grand expedition on foot for the Army of the Tennessee with Vicksburg as a point of attack. When the troops had proceeded as far as Alabama, however, the Confederates managed to get in their rear and they returned to Memphis, from which point they took a boat for Lake Providence, where they assisted in cutting the levee. Afterward they went to Vicksburg and participated in the long siege against that city. Following its capitulation the Ninety-fifth Illinois was among the first regiments to enter and take possession of Vicksburg, on the 4th of July. Mr. Arbuckle was severely injured in the charge made on the second day, sustaining a wound in the back. He was then sent to the field hospital near Vicksburg and later was sent home for a thirty day's furlough. On the 9th of August, 1863, he rejoined his regiment at Vicksburg, where the winter was spent, and in the spring the regiment proceeded up the Red river and participated in a number of skirmishes. Subsequently they started to join Sherman but had proceeded only as far as Memphis when they were sent to Guntown, participating in the hotly contested battle there, in which Company G of the Ninety-fifth Illinois, to which Mr. Arbuckle belonged, lost its captain and the colonel of the regiment was also killed, while about eighty out of the three hundred members of the command lost their lives. The remainder of the regiment then returned to Memphis and from that point proceeded to Little Rock, Arkansas, and later followed Price into Missouri but arrived a few hours after the capture of the army. Recrossing the Mississippi, they proceeded to Nashville and encountered General Hood, making two charges upon his army, after which they followed his troops down to Corinth, Tennessee. At that point they took boat for New Orleans, proceeded to Spanish Fort and aided in besieging and capturing that federal stronghold. Later Mr. Arbuckle went to Montgomery, Alabama, and then to Mobile, where the Ninety-fifth Illinois was engaged in guarding railroads until the close of the war.

Following the cessation of hostilities Mr. Arbuckle was mustered out at Camp Butler, Springfield, Illinois, August 21, 1865, returning to his home with a most creditable military record. Through his three years' connection with the army he had met all the experiences of military life, the hardships and privations, the long and difficult marches as well as pitched battles, in which line after line of blue-coated boys stood without wavering to defend the old flag and the cause it represented.

Following his return to the north Mr. Arbuckle resumed farming, giving his attention to general agricultural pursuits until 1885, when he came to Portland. He still owns his Illinois farm, comprising one hundred and seventy acres of rich and productive land.

On the 3d of October, 1878, Mr. Arbuckle was united in marriage to Miss Mary E. Ray, a datighter of Miles S. and Ellen E. (Hardenberg) Ray. Mrs.

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Arbuckle was born in Sullivan county, New York. Her father was a farmer and carpenter in the east and removed from the Empire state to Illinois with his family when his daughter Mary was a young lady of twenty years. He established his home in Belvidere, Boone county, Illinois, where he lived to the venerable age of ninety-four years, having long survived his wife, who passe'd away at the age of sixty-three. The remains of both were interred in the cemetery there. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Arbuckle have been born two children, but the younger, a son, Roy F., died when thirteen years of age. The daughter, Ellen E., is now the wife of W. D. Fraley, of Portland, and they have two children, Hylah E. and Mary R.

For several years after coming to Portland Mr. Arbuckle was engaged in the real-estate business but is now living retired, enjoying in well earned rest the fruits of his former labor and careful management. His religious faith is that of the Methodist church and his life record has ever been in harmony with his professions.

Howard M. Covey

For sixty years the Pacific coast has attracted aspiring young men who perceived that here are presented opportunities in all lines of industry such as are hardly to be found in any other region of the world. Vast resources have been exploited and the mines, the forests, the waters and the soil have yielded untold millions to the active brain and skilful hand of man, and each year new treasures are discovered and new avenues to independence and prosperity are opened. Among the comparatively recent sources of w^ealth on the coast and one which has been developed after foundations had been laid in other lines is the introduction of the automobile. During the last decade the sale of the automobile has grown by leaps and bounds all over the country and, judging by the universal interest which this wonderful vehicle has aroused, there is scarcely a limit to the development of the industry. The automobile is no longer confined to the city. Farmers all over the continent are finding it one of the important auxiliaries in their operations and it is coming into use for purposes not dreamed of in its earlier days. It has won its way into all classes of society and is today acknowledged as one of the most active and successful bidders for popular favor that has been known in modern times.

It was for the purpose of entering the autom.obile business that Howard M. Covey eight years ago came to the Pacific coast. He was born at Jefferson, Texas, November 19, 1875, and was reared and educated in the public schools of Jefferson. Marion county. Being attracted to a business career, he entered the employ of the Waters Pierce Oil Company, with which he continued for a number of years, advancing from time to time until he had attained a position of responsibility. During his experience with this company, which is one of the large corporations of the United States, Mr. Covey gained a great deal of practical knowledge in the management of business affairs and also was wide-awake in an unusual degree as to opportunities for young men in other parts of the country. He felt moving within him the desire to become independent and not to continue through his entire life under the direction of others. Perhaps he heeded the admonition of Andrew Carnegie, who said : "I would not give a fig for the young man who does not see himself the partner or head of some important firm." At all events, this idea conveyed in the words of the great iron master was working in the fertile brain of the ambitious young man of Texas and accordingly, in 1902, he severed his connection w'ith the oil company and came to Portland, where he has since been successfully identified with the automobile business. He has the exclusive agency of the Pierce Arrow and Cadillac automobiles for the state of Oregon. To give an idea of the extent of his operations it may be stated that in 1905 the sales amounted to thirty thousand dollars; in 1906, to fifty thousand; in 1907, to eighty-five thousand; in 1908, to one hundred thousand; while in 1909 the sales reached three hundred and fifty thousand dollars; and in 1910, five hundred thousand dollars. The record may almost be said to be phenomenal and is believed to be a safe index as to the growth of the automobile business not only on the Pacific coast but in other parts of the country.

On October i, 1908, Mr. Covey was united in marriage to Miss Marie Warwick, of Goldendale, Washington. He is a member of the Commercial Club and is recognized as a man of pronounced energy who has fairly demonstrated his ability lo carry to a successful conclusion any enterprise which he may undertake. He has a liberal endowment of ambition, grit and good judgment and these are the qualities that in all honorable vocations lead to the ultimate victory.

Joseph Hamilton Lambert

Fiction presents no more interesting or thrilling events than detailed history of the Oregon pioneers among whom Joseph Hamilton Lambert was prominent. Without the sound of martial music to inspire, these heroes of the great west faced hardships and dangers as great as those which confront the soldier on the active campaign. And single-handed and alone the pioneer wages his warfare in his efforts to conquer the land and utilize the natural resources of the country. His fitting monument is the great state which he helps to upbuild. The name of Joseph Hamilton Lambert is inscribed on Oregon's roll of fame, not alone because of the fact that he aided in laying a broad and stable foundation for the commonwealth, but also because he was one of the pioneer horticulturists, his labors proving the possibilities of Oregon in the direction of fruit culture.

He was born on the frontier, for Vigo county, Indiana, was a "far west" district at the time of his birth on the ist of December, 1825. The family home was at that time a few miles northeast of Terre Haute. His grandfather arrived in that district at a time when prairie land was supposed to be practically worthless and the settlers chose to make their homes in the timber. This course the grandfather followed and lost the opportunity of obtaining any of the prairie land now so valuable. The father of Joseph Hamilton Lambert engaged in hunting, for deer and wild turkeys were plentiful and the family larder was thus supplied with food. The mother, a lady of Scotch birth, realizing the value of educational training, early began to instruct her children in the common branches of learning as well as to instill into their minds lessons of industry, integrity and self-reliance. Her death, however, occurred when her son Joseph was but seven years of age, when the family home was broken up, Joseph Hamilton Lambert remaining with an aunt for a few years or until he rejoined his father, who had married again and was living in a little log cabin on a rented farm on Otter Creek prairie in Vigo county, Indiana. The cabin was in a bleak and cheerless place, without a tree or shrub within a mile of it. The new stepmother had children of her own and early gave strong indication to her stepchildren that there was hardly room for them in the tiny log cabin.

Because of this fact Joseph H. Lambert went to live with a married sister and her husband, with whom he remained for two years. But the brother-in-law was very exacting in his demands upon the boy, to whom he showed little kindness, and Mr. Lambert, at that time a youth of fourteen, decided to go to a fanner who had previously requested him' to do so. On the way, however, he passed the home of a sister of the brother-in-law he had just left, and when she learned his purpose she and her husband would not led him go, and for six years he found a good home and kind treatment with them, and when he was twenty

Joseph H. Lambert

Traveling westward to Iowa, he was employed during the summer upon a farm near Des Moines and devoted the succeeded winter to the advancement of his education as a pupil in the school of Agency City, Iowa. In the following spring he joined two farmers in the purchase of a portable sawmill operated by horse power. They located this at Dahlonega and ran it successfully until the fall of 1849, when Mr. Lambert disposed of his interest that he might again attend school the following winter. In the spring of 1850 he once more took the trail to the west, joining David Watkins, a man of admirable characteristics who furnished three-fourths of the new traveling outfit. They were accompanied by two men as passengers and everything proceeded as they wished until they reached the Missouri, when they were informed that the ferries were engaged for a week ahead and they must await their turn to cross. A day or two later, while walking along the river bank, Mr. Lambert noticed an unused ferry boat and, finding plenty of men who were willing to work if able to transport their wagons across, he took charge without thought of remuneration and succeeded that afternoon in crossing several wagons. The next morning he went to the river again and, finding his boat in charge of another man, stood watching the scene until the owner of the ferries sought him out and putting a dollar into his hand said: "Take the boat and cross your wagons." This Mr. Lambert at once did and the middle of the afternoon saw the work accomplished. Soon the little party of four fell in with a large company of emigrants who were traveling somewhat in military order. They traveled with this company until they reached the Black Hills, when there occurred what Mr. Lambert and his companions felt were unnecessary delays. His party were in the lead and behind was a wagon driven by a Mr. Paine. These two decided to push on alone and at length reached the point were the Oregon and California trails divided. Mr. Watkins proposed to Mr. Lambert that they should spend the winter in Oregon, so that they took the northern trail on which they soon overtook a wagon train from Iowa. Deeming it safer to remain with that party because of the possibility of Indian attack, they at length arrived at "Fosters" on the 14th of September, 1850.

After spending the winter in Salem, Oregon, Mr. Lambert went to Yreka, California, in the spring of 1851, but the conditions of mining and the success which he attained convinced him that life in other directions was more desirable and in June he returned to the Willamette valley, where he engaged in cutting saw-logs and driving a logging team. He was afterward employed to haul logs by Meek & Luelling, of Milwaukie, and thus served until he joined a surveying expedition which, under the direction of a Mr. Ives, ran the meridian line from Portland to Puget Sound. Later they ran the first standard parallel south and afterward laid out a few tiers of townships which included Salem. Their surveying season over, Mr. Lambert returned to the sawmill at Milwaukie and was paid fifty dollars per month for driving a logging team during the winter. The following spring his wages were advanced to one hundred dollars per month. The following winter he worked in a mill, which he leased in the spring of 1853, and in its conduct met with success. When Meek & Luelling learned that he was planning to return to the states, they ofifered to give him work in their nursery and orchard until they could pay him the wages which were already due him, and, deciding to acept the oflFer, Mr. Lambert became connected with horticultural pursuits, in which field he was destined to achieve not only success but fame.

Mr. Lambert remained with that firm until November, 1854, when he was united in mariage to Miss Clementine Miller, the oldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Miller, of Milwaukie. With his bride he then took up a donation claim of three hundred and twenty acres in Powell's valley, where they resided until 1859, when he and his father-in-law purchased a half interest of Mr. Meek in the orchard belonging to Meek & Luelling, the purchase price being twentyfive thousand dollars. Their cash payment was very small, however, as much of their money had already been invested in property. They were associated with H. W. Eddy, who had bought Mr. Luelling's interest, but he took no active part in the management of the farm. The new venture did not start out very propitiously for the price in apples declined materially that winter and, moreover, the heavy crops of several previous years had largely exhausted the strength of the orchard. Mr. Miller was so discouraged at the outlook that he desired to write to Mr. Meek for release or at least a modification of their contract. But Mr. Lambert opposed this plan, determined if possible to win success in the venture and assumed entire management. Bending every energy to the accomplishment of the task, he sought by experiment and study to improve the condition of the orchard and introduced the plan of plowing so that all dirt should be thrown away from the trees instead of toward the trees, as had been the previous method, whereby the smaller roots had been left bare. Also in pruning he cut clear back to healthy wood, regardless of the size of sacrificed limbs. The wisdom of his course was soon apparent. In two years the orchard was completely resuscitated and mammoth crops of apples were gathered. Oregon has always produced some of the finest apples grown in America and, encouraged by the success which I\Ir. Lambert had achieved, the owners of the orchard now bought up large quantities of apples and shipped them with their own. Five years served to clear the place of all indebtedness, at the end of which time a division of the property was made, Mr. Eddy taking other lands in lieu of his interest in the orchard, which now remained the possession of Miller and Lambert. The latter became sole proprietor when, in 1870, Mr. Miller removed to Portland. The orchard is notable from the fact that it produced the first cultivated fruit west of the Rocky mountains and demonstrated the possibilities of Oregon soil for horticultural development.

Not only did Mr. Lambert produce apples of fine size, flavor and variety, but also turned his attention to other fruits and produced the famous Lambert cherry, A contemporary biographer in speaking of this cherry said : "Its production was purely accidental. Having gathered up a handful of seedlings from where they had sprung up about some of the trees, he transplanted them into a little nursery and, when large enough he grafted them with cuttings of old and time-tried standard varieties. The graft died but the seedlings flourished and bore fruit. The new variety, because of its immense size, its rich color, fine flavor and small pit became popular at once, and the cultivation of this new and distinctly Oregon variety has expanded until the propagation has been introduced into every cherry growing section of the country." Mr. Lambert naturally came to be recognized as an authority upon the subject of fruit culture in the northwest and the work which he accomplished was the nucleus of an industry of inestimable value to the state. While several futile attempts were made to organize a horticultural society in Oregon, the first being in 1869, it was not until 1887 that a successful organization was effected in the establishment of the present Oregon State Llorticulture Society. It was Mr. Lambert who nominated for the presidency J. R. Cardwell, who occupied the position for ten years, when he declined to serve longer, but three years later was again chosen for the office. Mr. Lambert manifested throughout his life a deep interest in horticultural progress in Oregon. With the growth and development of the orchards there came in time the pests, which the horticulturist must fight. In speaking of these Mr. Lambert said : "The oyster shell or bark louse was the first enemy to the beauty and perfection of Oregon fruit. This made such a quiet and stealthy attack that most growers were unaware of its presence until much damage had been done. It disappeared as suddenly and as unaccountably as it had come. This was in 1869. Next to come was the blight (called vegetable fungus by Professor O. B. John- son) which caused black spots to appear on the apple and pears and a sooty deposit on the leaves. This blight still lingers in many orchards though not so bad as at first. Following this came the cherry slug, green aphis, codlin moth and San Jose scale, besides several raids of caterpillars."

Mr. Lambert continued to conduct business as a horticulturist until September, 1890, when he felt that it was wise for him to give up activities of so strenuous a character. On the 22d of September, 1890, he assisted in organizing the Citizens Bank of Portland, of which he was elected president with his son, Albert W. Lambert, as secretary and business manager. They conducted the bank safely through the financial panic of 1893 and establishing it upon a safe, conservative policy, developed its interests and promoted its growth until it is today one of the important financial institutions of the coast. Mr. Lambert remained its president until his demise and his name was as honored in financial circles as in the field of horticulture.

The family of Mr. and Mrs. Lambert numbered two sons and six daughters, all of whom are yet residents of Portland. These are Albert W., Henry M., Mrs. E. L. E. White, Mrs. A. B. Graham, Nellie, Mrs. W. L. Wood, Mrs. D. G. Woodard and Grace. The death of Mrs. Lambert occurred early in the '90s, while Mr. Lambert passed away in November, 1909.

While living in Multnomah county in 1858 he was elected county commissioner and in 1864 was chosen for that office for Clackamas county. He never sought to figure prominently in political circles, however, preferring to concentrate his energies upon those interests which constituted his business life. After removing to Portland he erected a beautiful residence, which he occupied with his unmarried children up to the time of his demise. After coming to this city he largely put aside business cares, merely giving his supervision to his invested interests, and thus in peace and quiet he came to an honored old age, almost reaching the eighty-forth milestone on life's journey. He witnessed the marvelous development of the state, his memory forming a connecting link between the primitive past and the progressive present. Who would have dreamed that Mr. Lambert, arriving in Oregon when this city contained only a few buildings, most of them of logs, along the river front, would live to see the development of the great and beautiful city of which every visitor speaks only in terms of admiration ? He lived to witness in 1905 the celebration of the one hundredth anniversary of the Lewis and Clarke expedition to the northwest, on which occasion the skill of the architect and the art of the landscape gardener were exerted to their utmost to honor the explorers who marked out the path to Oregon, over which came the train of permanent settlers that made their way into the state in the late '40s and early '50s to take advantage of the natural resources of the country and found here a commonwealth which in many respects ranks with the older states of the Union. In all the work of progress Mr. Lambert was deeply interested and his contributions to general improvement were of a valuable character.

Among the sons of the pioneers of Portland is Adam McNemee, who for more than twenty years has been engaged in the express and transfer business. He has been identified with the coast region ever since his boyhood and has been a witness of the great changes that have taken place in the settlement of the country and the vast commerce that has grown up on the railroads, the rivers and the ocean coast, bearing the products of forest, mine and farm to the most distant markets of the world.

Mr. McNemee is the son of Job McNemee, who was born in the early part of the century in the Buckeye state and spent his boyhood in Fairfield county, Ohio. At that time the country west of Ohio was largely a wilderness, although a few settlements were scattered along the Mississippi river and at favorable locations in Indiana and Illinois. The McNemee family carries pioneer blood and the Ohio lad turned his face toward the west, stopping for a time at St. Joseph, Missouri, where he engaged in farming and also on a small scale as a o-rading contractor. In 1845 he joined a wagon train that was bound for the northwest coast of the Pacihc and drove an ox team up the valley of the Platte past Independence Rock and the trading posts at Fort Laramie and Fort Hall, arriving safe in the valley of the Willamette after an arduous journey of six months. The spot now occupied by the beautiful city of Portland was then a dense forest with probably one or two cabins standing on the bank of the stream. Mr. McNemee took up a donation claim of five hundred and fifty acres on the location where now stands the city of Portland but owing to litigation his claim passed to other hands. For a time he engaged in the hotel business and in 1849 he was among the excited gold hunters who sought fortune in the lands of California. A year later he returned to Portland and for four years was connected with the retail liquor business. For several years he took contracts for clearing land in the vicinity of Portland and for three years was identified with the manufacture of wooden pumps. He finally sold out his business and in 1873 was called away. Mr. McNemee married Hannah Cochran, who was a native of Indiana, and to them were born thirteen children, three of whom are now living : Adam, whose name appears at the head of this sketch ; Andrew Jackson, now a Methodist minister of Longley Island, Washington ; and Eveline, formerly the wife of Charles Shroder but now Mrs. Harry Barkenstein, of Sellwood, this state.

Adam McNemee was reared at Portland and educated in the public schools. For some years after arriving at man's estate he engaged in teaming, but since 1888 he has been continuously identified with the express and transfer business in this city. Since 1875 he has been identified with Samaritan Lodge, No. 2, Inde-' pendent Order of Odd Fellows, of Portland. In the early days he was for eighteen months an active member of the volunteer fire department. No. 4. He is identified with the Pioneer Society and is remarkably well informed concerning the early days and the trials and sufferings of the first settlers of the Willamette valley. By a life of industry and close attention to business he has gained the good-will not only of the older settlers but of newcomers who are quick to recognize worth when it is possessed by a man who is thoroughly trustworthy and who endeavors according to his ability to exemplify the principles of friendship, love and truth.

The name of Ira F. Powers as borne by father and son has for almost five decades figured in connection with the commercial history of Portland and has ever been a synonym for progressiveness and probity. Ira F. Powers, Sr., the founder and promoter of the Ira F. Powers Manufacturing Company, was for a long period not only one of the leading manufacturers and merchants of this city but one whose high sense of honor, personal integrity and broad humanitarianism gained for him the highest regard and most unqualified confidence of his fellowmen.

The ancestral history of the family records the fact that the American branch was established at Littleton, Massachusetts, at an early period in the colonization of the new world and that the lineage is traced back in England as far as the twelfth century. The name of Powers or Power is from the old Norman name le Poer and is as old in England as the times of William the Conqueror, one of whose officers bore that name at the battle of Hastings, as appears on the roll of survivors in Battle Abbey. The name was changed to the present lorm in 1683 and through succeeding generations representatives of the name continued to reside in New England. Walter Power, the founder of the American branch of the family, was born in 1639 and died February 22, 1708. He was married March 11, 1661, to Trial, a daughter of Deacon Ralph and Thankes Shepard, who was born February 10, 1641. A genealogical record says: "Little is known of Walter Power, but probably he had not received advantages of much early education but depended upon strong sinews and sterling good sense to establish a home for himself and family. Trial, his wife, seems to have been a woman of some education. At the time of their marriage they settled in or near Concord, now the town of Littleton. In 1694 Walter Power bought of Thomas Waban, and other Indians, one-fourth part of the township of Nashobe. His remains were doubtless laid in the old Powers burying-ground, as were also those of his wife, who survived him many years."

Their third child, Isaac Power, was born in 1665 and was married, April 14, 1 701, to Mrs. Mary Winship, the widow of Samuel Winship and the daughter of John Poulter. Isaac Power seems to have been prominent among the sons of his father and to have taken the lead in affairs. He was captain of the military ; a petitioner for town incorporation ; moderator of the first town meeting and continued to hold office for many years. He was twice elected to the great and general court and was colonial agent for conveying lands. One of the children of Captain Isaac and Mary Power was Gideon Power, the third of their family, who probably lived in Lexington, Massachusetts, as his name appears on the town rolls as a soldier in an old French war. He married Lydia Russell and they had four children, the third being Jonas Powers, who was born December 6, 1738, and married Betsey Tower. They became residents of Vermont and had a family of nine children. Of these Asa Powers, the second in order of birth, married Rebecca Shippinwell, of Chester, Vermont. Of this marriage there were born eight children, the eldest being Levi Powers, who was born July 9, 1 791. Leaving his old home in Vermont he established a branch of the family at Ballston Spa, New York. There he wedded Mary Frost, who died March 2, 1872, while his death occurred April 17, 1882.

While Levi and Mary (Frost) Powers were living at Au Sable, Clinton county, New York, a son was born to them May 5, 1831. To the boy the parents gave the name of Ira. He was carefully trained under the parental roof but from the age of twelve years had to depend upon his own resources for a livelihood, and the inferior educational advantages of the community in which he lived enabled him to make comparatively little progress along the lines of mental development save that a naturally quick and receptive mind and a retentive memory enabled him to learn many valuable lessons in the school of experience. In the course of time his continually broadening knowledge promoted him to a place where his intellectual power far exceeded that of the majority of his fellowmen with whom he came in contact, enabling him to correctly solve intricate business problems, to carefully formulate plans and to execute them with dispatch. His opportunity came with the discovery of gold in California, which drew him to the Pacific coast. The long journey around Cape Horn being completed, he made his way to the mines, where he engaged in a search for the precious metal for thirteen years, meeting with considerable success, prospecting during that period in various parts of California and Idaho.

In the spring of 1865, however, Mr. Powers turned his attention to commercial pursuits, establishing a second-hand furniture business in Portland in partnership with A. Burchard. The new enterprise proved profitable and was conducted until they suffered heavy loss by fire in 1875. In the meantime Mr. Powers had extended his efforts to include the manufacture of furniture, which he began in 1872 under the firm style of Donly, Beard & Powers, their plant being located at Willsburg. In 1875 he established a factory on Front street, at the northwest corner of Jefferson street, where he was located for six years. Subsequently the business was at the foot of Montgomery, while later the plant wao removed to South Portland. In 1882 the furniture store on First street opposite the present store was destroyed by fire with a loss of forty thousand dollars In 1884 there occurred a fire in the factory, with losses amounting to sixty-three thousand dollars, covered only by eleven thousand dollars insurance. It' was after this that the plant was built on a three acre tract of land in South Portland, but here the factory was carried away by the Willamette freshet in 1891, causing a loss of one hundred thousand dollars. All of these losses occurred within a period of ten years. On the ist of March, 191 1, the company will be in their new building at the corner of Third and Yamhill streets, where a general house-furnishing business will be conducted. In 1893 the business was incorporated under the style of the Ira F. Powers Manufacturing Company, and Mr. Powers remained as president until his death. This became one of the important productive industries of the city, its trade increasing as the result of the thorough workmanship and attractive styles which were characteristic of the

Notwithstanding that the business was a constantly growing one, Mr. Powerg, did not devote his entire attention to this fine, his resourceful ability enabling him to accomplish substantial results in other connections. His name became a prominent one in banking circles and he was, moreover, actively associated with interests which bore upon the general development and prosperity of the city but had no direct effect upon his own finances. He was a member of the Chamber of Commerce and of the Manufacturers Association, and he was active as one of the builders of the Morrison street bridge, while of the Madison street bridge he was a stockholder.

Throughout his life Mr. Powers was actuated by a spirit of helpfulness that was again and again manifest in his relations with individuals and also in association with organized charities and benevolences. The homeless boy appealed strongly to his heart and it is said that at times he had as many as five such boys in his own home, doing all he could to train them for positions of usefulness and honor in the business world. It was largely through his instrumentality that the Boys and Girls Aid Society was organized in Portland. The homeless and friendless never sought his assistance in vain, his charitable spirit reaching out to all, while his material assistance was the tangible expression of his warm heart. He was in thorough sympathy with the basic principles of those organizations which recognize the brotherhood of mankind, and thus it was that after coming to Portland he cooperated in the work of the Masonic fraternity here. He became a member of Gold Run Lodge, F. & A. M., while in California, and transferred his membership to Harmony Lodge, No. 12, of Portland, of which he served as treasurer for twelve years. He also joined Portland Chapter, No. 3, R. A. M.; Oregon Commandery, No. i, K. T. ; and Al Kader Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. He belonged to Pilot Peak Lodge, I. O. O. F., at one time and to the Ancient Order of United Workmen, while his political allegiance was ever given to the republican party.

Ira F. Powers, Sr., was twice married. In i860 he wedded Miss Minnie Wilson, who died four years later, leaving an only son, Frederick, now of Maine. In 1870 Mr. Powers wedded Mary Sullivan, a native of New York city, who in an early day was taken to the west by her parents, D. and Jessie Sullivan, and afterward accompanied her mother from California to Oregon. By the second marriage there was but one son, Ira F. Powers, Jr., who was born in Portland m 1872, and between the ages of seventeen and twenty was in his father's store. We spent a year m the furniture business at La Grande, Oregon, and later went east on the road as a traveling salesman, but in August, 1902, resigned his position to become secretary of the Ira F. Powers Manufacturing Company. He succeeded to the presidency upon his father's death and, like him, is recognized as one ot the prominent business men of Portland. He belonged to the Manutacturers Association, to the Board of Trade, to the Multnomah Athletic Club,

The City Of Portland 585

The death of the mother, Mrs. Mary Powers, occurred in 1875. Mr. Powers survived until the 8th of September, 1902, when he was called to his final rest at the age of seventy-one years, leaving not only the fruits of former toil as represented in important manufacturing and banking interests, but also an untarnished name that had long stood in Portland as the synonym for commercial enterprise and probity.

Colonel David M. Dunne

Continued success in business or in the administration of important public afTairs may safely be regarded as the best test of merit. Judged by this standard Colonel David M. Dunne, collector of United States internal revenue, with headquarters at Portland, stands in the front rank. He has occupied the office since i8q2 and his administration of its responsibilities has proven so satisfactory to officials at Washington that he was recently reappointed by President Taft to fill the position for the fourth term - an honor rarely accorded on the Pacific coast or elsewhere in the country. He is known as one of the most efficient officials in the revenue department; one whose accounts are always correct and whose management of his office is in strict accordance with the law and with the accepted usages of the best business houses.

David M. Dunne was born in Tipperary, Ireland, October 19, 185 1, a son of John and Johanna Dunne. He received his preliminary education in the national schools of Ireland and later in the United States, his parents having emigrated to this country when the subject of this review was ten years of age.

In 1881 Colonel Dunn arrived in Portland, where he has since made his home. He had acquired a practical knowledge of business before coming to the Pacific coast, and, seeing a favorable opening in the city of his adoption, he became associated with John Kelly in the wholesale and retail paint, oil and glass business, under the style of Kelly, Dunne & Company. Through energetic and capable management the business increased steadily and the house has for years been one of the leading enterprises of the kind on the coast. Mr. Kelly retired during the '90s and the main direction of affairs has since been under Colonel Dunne, who has kept thoroughly informed as to the demands of a growing population, also appreciating the importance of being abreast of the times in all products offered for the market. From year to year the plant has been enlarged and improved, new manufacturing machinery has been added and new lines of goods originated, thus increasing the reputation of the house and extending its influence, which now covers all parts of the coast and extends to many points in the interior. The firm was the first exclusive paint, oil and glass establishment on the coast and a number of competitors have since entered the field, but no amount of competition has materially lessened the steady development of a house conducted on principles of liberal treatment of the trade and giving fair values for all money received.

Colonel Dunne is the founder of the Portland Linseed Oil Company, one of the important manufacturing concerns of the state, which has contributed in no small degree to the prosperity of the farming region. The company carries on a large business over a wide territory and is a substantial enterprise of Portland. He is also president of the David M. Dunne Company, Inc., manufacturers of paints, etc., and president of the Mexican Rubber Culture Company, which owns over two thousand acres of rubber trees in the state of Chiapas, Mexico.

Colonel Dunne first became identified with political affairs in 1888, when he was elected county commissioner of Multnomah county. He introduced into the office of county commissioner the same business methods that he had found most satisfactory in private affairs. The time-check system of payment for rodd work was applied and other important changes instituted which have since been found practical and a great saving to the county are to be credited to the discernment and energy of the new county commissioner. When he entered the office a Chinese leper colony was being maintained at a cost of several thousand dollars yearly. Through his efforts a brig was secured, the lepers, fifteen in number, were placed on board and were sent home at a cost of one hundred dollars each. The leper quarters at the poor farm were then destroyed by fire and a menace to the entire country was thus eliminated. When Colonel Dunne assumed the office of internal revenue collector in 1898 his jurisdiction extended over Oregon, Washington and Alaska. In 1903 the territory was divided and his district is now confined to the state of Oregon. He has always given close personal attention to his official duties and this accounts in an important degree for the continued success of his administration. In 1892 he was one of the presidential electors from Oregon and cast his vote for Mr. Harrison. He has been an active worker in state affairs and served as commissioner general under Governor Lord and as colonel on the staff of Gov. T. T. Geer. It was largely through his efforts that the present armory of the Oregon National Guard was erected in Portland.

Colonel Dunne was married in 1876 to Miss Margaret Frowley. The home of Colonel and Mrs. Dunne is one of the handsome residences of the city. He is a member of many organizations and clubs, among them the Knights of Columbus, the Elks, the Arlington Club and the Commercial Club. To him belongs the honor of having made the initial move in the organization of the Commercial Club of Portland. On a trip east he was so hospitably entertained by the Commercial Club of St. Paul that upon his return home he suggested the formation of a similar organization in Portland. A meeting was held at the office of W. S. Mason, then mayor of the city. Those attending, besides Colonel Dunne, were W. S. Mason, E. J. De Hart, A. H. Mallory, Gus Simon, Phil Lowengart and M. G. Hall. The club was organized in 1893 with E. J. De Hart as first president and has been an important agency in the development of the city. Colonel Dunne has always been found among those most zealous in assisting every movement that has aimed to advance the permanent welfare of the state or the city, and many times his advice has led to the solution of perplexing difficulties. He is easily today one of the foremost citizens of Oregon.

Joseph Show Alter Smith

The impulse of the youth is to do. He finds the best expression of himself in activity, and many a boy, feeling hampered by the narrow environment of his home locality, where opportunity is limited, and, stirred by the stories of what is being accomplished elsewhere in the world, leaves home to become a factor in that broader life which he seeks elsewhere. Such was the history of Joseph Showalter Smith, and the northwest gained thereby a factor in its upbuilding and progress. Arriving in Oregon in pioneer times, he became an influence in many ways where the development of the state has been conserved. He met success, yet above the material gain he regarded character-building, and his life became the expression of high and honorable principles.

He was born in Connellsville, Pennsylvania, in September, 1824, and was of English and Welsh lineage, a descendant of Sir Francis Drake. He pursued his education in the schools of his native town and when ten years old ran away from home, for he wished to know something more of the world. Thus the spirit of adventure and of ambition took him from the limited environment in which his youth was passed and he went south. There his health failed, however, and he started for Oregon, arriving in this state in the spring of 1844 when nineteen years old. He came across the plains and was about a year upon the way, during which period he contracted mountain fever that retarded his progress. This proved more fortunate, however, than he deemed aX the time, for owing to his delay he just escaped the Whitman massacre as he left Whitman's the day previous. The northwest was to be his field of activity for many years. He located first in Oregon, where he arrived with little capital save an order for thirteen dollars for anything in the store at Oregon City. This order had been received from the captain of the company in crossing the plains.

His first work here was at splitting rails but later he taught school in Salem, his liberal educational training in the east well qualifying him for this purpose. A few years later he began the study of law and was admitted to the bar, becoming in time one of the most prominent, able and brilliant attorneys of the state. He was master of English, having a splendid command of the languq^e, his diction was always choice and his words were, moreover, clear, concise and to the point. It is said that he was the most forcible speaker of his day in Portland. In his future life he frequently said that his proudest moment was when he won his first case before the supreme court. When he entered upon his practice it was not customary to specialize in certain fields as it is today, for every lawyer engaged in general practice and must have intimate knowledge of the various branches of law. This Mr. Smith did and he prepared his cases with such thoroughness and care that in presenting his cause he lost sight of no detail that could possibly bear upon the verdict.

In 1849 ^r- Smith was married to Miss Julia Ann Carter. The marriage was celebrated in Portland at the home of her father, Thomas Carter, who in 1847 had come from Athens, Ohio, to Oregon, making the long journey over the plains. He was at one time owner of most of Portland Heights. His daughter Julia was a native of Ohio and in her maidenhood came to the northwest, being for many years one of the honored pioneer women of Portland.

Soon after his marriage Mr. Smith went to Olympia, where he held a government position, remaining there for about five years. While there he had his second narrow escape from being killed by the Indians on the night of their attack upon the settlement and the murdei; of Colonel Ebey, whom Mr. Smith had left but one hour previously. It is a historical fact that while 'much of the furniture in Mr. Smith's house was broken and made useless, the only articles carried away by the Indians were a mirror from the dresser and a wax doll, which was the only one in the settlement and which had been often admired by the Indians, it being owned by our subject's little daughter, now Mrs. Anna Thompson. He next went to Salem, Oregon, where he practiced law for twelve years, and while residing in that city he was, in 1868, elected to congress on the democratic ticket, serving for one term. He defeated David Logan, a warm personal friend. They did not allow politics, however, to interefere with their warm regard for each other, their friendship continuing as a potent force in their lives after the campaign as well as before it. Mr. Smith was the first democrat elected from his district and it created great excitement for it was just after the close of the Civil war. It was after his return from Salem to Portland that he retired to private life, for in the meantime he had accumulated a goodly fortune. His name is written large on the pages of the early judicial history of Oregon. He was at one time a partner of Judge W. W. Page, and of La Fayette T. Grover, the latter being his brother-in-law. In 1870 he again took up his abode in Portland and thereafter lived retired until his demise, which occurred in 1884, his remains being interred in Riverview cemetery.

His widow survived him only a few months, passing away in the following February at the age of fifty-seven years. They were the parents of three children: Mrs. Anna B. Thompson; Walter V., of Portland; and Preston C, now deceased. Mrs. Thompson has three children, Ethel L. ; Fay, the wife of Robert Catlin, by whom she has one daughter, Marian ; and Clara, the wife of David Taylor, of Salt Lake City, by whom she has two daughters, Virginia and Caroline Rose.

Mr. Smith was a -member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at one time but severed his connection with the society. Not only did he gain distinction in the field of his chosen profession but also as an active factor in public life. He was sent as commissioner from Oregon to the Paris Exposition a short time before he was elected to congress, and his liberal education innate courtesy, refinement and marked ability well qualified him to act as representative of this commonwealth. In religious faith he was a Methodist, yet never narrowly sectarian. His catholicity of spirit led him to recognize the good in all, yet he held firmly to the principles and doctrines in which he believed. He took a very active part in the church work, doing all in his power to promote the growth and extend the influence of his denomination, recognizing how eflfective it has been as a power in the uplifting of mankind. He was greatly interested in the Willamette University at Salem, was made one of its trustees and his donations to the institution were most generous. He gave to the university a fine library and his daughter, Mrs. Thompson, made to it a gift of an excellent piano. Mr. Smith was ever a broad reader and deep thinker, and his views on life were based upon wide study, keen observation and ready sympathy. He typified in his life the progressive spirit of the northwest and his fellow townsmen looked upon him as one worthy of all honor and respect.

Judge Abram Axtell

Judge Abram Axtell, a prominent representative of the legal profession at Vancouver, was born at Barbourville, Delaware county. New York, June 26, 1845, ^nd is descended from an old New England family founded in America in early colonial days. Indeed the ancestral line runs back to the early settlement of Massachusetts. His great-grandfather, Moses Axtell, lived in the Bay state at the time of the war for independence, in which his acts glorified the Axtell name. He was a member of the famous Boston tea party and as a minuteman became a soldier of the American army, participating in the battles of Concord and Lexington, and was also with Generals Warren and Gill at Bunker Hill. He likewise participated in the engagement at Monmouth Swamp and Camden's Dell. He was a personal friend of Generals Greene and Henryson and was an ardent admirer of and dearly loved General Washington, with whom he was at Valley Forge and also at the capture of the two thousand Hessians at Trenton after crossing the Delaware. Tradition has it that he assisted in removing the remains of General Warren from the battleground of Bunker Hill back to Boston, where the honors of a Masonic burial were accorded him. Moses Axtell lived for many years to enjoy the liberty for which he fought and died at his home at Barbourville, New York, where his grave, properly marked, may still be seen. It was in the same neighborhood that Moses Axtell, Jr., the grandfather of Judge Axtell, was born, lived and died. The Judge's father, also named Moses, was born in Barbourville, New York, but spent his last days in Waushara county, Wisconsin. He married Huldah Greene, whose father, Robert Greene, served as a musician in the United States army in the war of 1812.

The subject of this review, who by his family and immediate friends in his youth was called Abe, a name that has clung to him since that day, was educated in the common schools of Barbourville, New Y'ork, and in a select high school m the village of Laurens, Otsego county, New York. His attention was then given to farmmg until 1861, when he entered upon those events which constitute the military chapter in his life history. He joined the Home Guards that spring under command of Captain Olins at West Oneonta, Otsego county, New York, and in October. 1861, joined the famous One Hundred and First Regiment of iNew York Volunteer Infantry, with which he served as a musician until June 4, i»02, when on acount of disabilities contracted in line of duty he was honor- ably discharged. He afterward became nurse and musician, serving most of the time as chief musician, at Chestnut Hill in the United States general hospital at Philadelphia, remaining there from November, 1863, until February 21, 1865, when he was again honorably discharged but on the same day reenlisted in the One Hundred and Seventy-ninth New York Volunteer Infantry, which was then located behind the breastworks in front of Petersburg, Virginia. He served with that regiment as chief musician until the close of the war and was in all the battles in which the command took part, including the siege of Petersburg and the encounters with the enemy from that time until General Lee surrendered to General Grant. With his regiment he was discharged at Alexandria, Virginia, June 8, 1865, but was not mustered out until the command reached the home of its colonel, William Gregg, at Elmira, New York. Years later Judge Axtell became connected with the military forces of Oregon and was duly commissioned and assigned to duty on May 6, 1899, as captain of Company H, Third Regiment of the Oregon National Guard, but resigned on the 31st of October following.

After the Civil war Mr. Axtell began studying law and was admitted to practice upon examination in open court before Judge Tififaney of the ninth judicial district of Nebraska at Scotia, Greeley county, that state. On the 5th of February, 1888, he was admitted to practice as an attorney before the United States interior department and all the buneaus thereof. In the winter following he came to Oregon, settling at Grants Pass, Josephine county. In addition to the private practice of law there he served from 1890 until 1894 inclusive as city attorney and during that time revised, compil-ed and put in book form in the order and method of a code all the city ordinances then existing. He was mayor of Grants Pass from May, 1896, until May, 1897', during which time he succeeded in considerably reducing the city debt, notwithstanding the fact that more than a usual amount of improvements was made. Previous to his election to the mayoralty he served as deputy district attorney in Josephine county, Oregon, and in 1898 was elected county judge, serving upon the bench for four years. His record as a judge was in harmony with his record as a man and lawyer, being characterized by high personal worth and by ready and unbiased solution of all the difficult legal problems that came before him. Throughout the period of his residence in the northwest he has enjoyed a reputation as an able advocate and safe counselor and it is well known that his devotion to his clients' interests is unfaltering, yet he never forgets that he owes a still higher allegiance to the majesty of the law. Aside from the public offices mentioned above, he served as justice of the peace at Scotia, Nebraska, for both the city of Scotia and for Greeley county in pioneer days - from 1878 until 1887 inclusive, and in the justice court had the initial experience which well qualified him to render the more difficult decisions in the county courts.

On the 28th of May, 1877, at Austin, Minnesota, Mr. Axtell was married to Phebe Magary, who was born and reared in Fillmore county, Minnesota, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Robert Magary. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Axtell have been born four children : Mrs. Estella McPhadden, Louie, Abe and Moses. Mr. Axtell has long been active in the Masonic fraternity. He became a Mason at North Loup, Nebraska, took the Royal Arch degrees at St. Paul, Nebraska, and was created a Knight Templar in Mount Lebanon Commandery, No. 6, at Grand Island, Nebraska. Following his removal to the northwest he became a member of Grants Pass Lodge, No. 84, F. & A. M., and a charter member of Reams Chapter, No. 28, R. A. M., at Grants Pass, in which he filled all the principal offices including that of high priest; and on the nth of June, 1900, he was regularly annointed and consecrated and became a member of the Council of High Priests, duly initiated at Portland. Oregon. Since his removal to Vancouver he has become a member of Mount Hood Lodge, No. 32, F. & A. M., of which he is now treasurer; Vancouver Chapter, No. 9, R. A. M. ; Vancouver Commandery, No. 10, K. T., He joined General Ransome Post, No. 36, G. A. R., at Scotia Nebraska, as a charter member and served as its commander. Later he belonged to General Logan Post, No. 39, at Grants Pass, Oregon, and filled its principal offices, including that of commander. As a department officer he was judge advocate and General Sherman was department commander, and he has served the department as chief musician of its drum corps, fillmg this office at the present time. His local membership is now with Ellsworth Post, No. 2, G. A. R., in which he has served as quartermaster and was judge advocate on the stafif of Department Commander J. T. Goss from June 22, 1905, to June 22, 1906. The spirit of patriotism and the basic principles of Masonry have long been actuating forces in his life. Born on the Atlantic coast, he has moved westward step by step until reaching the Pacific coast country and while witnessing and taking part in the upbuilding and the advancement of prosperity in this section he has become convinced that the city of Portland, Oregon, and of Vancouver, Washington, is and will be to the Pacific coast country what New York city and its New Jersey suburbs are to the Atlantic coast country.

Colonel Thomas Lewis Perkins

Colonel Thomas L. Perkins, commissary general of the Oregon National Guard, is well known in military and fraternal circles and as a professional man. He comes of the Kentucky family of Perkinses. His uncle, William Perkins served as an officer in the Civil war, while another uncle, John Perkins, has for many years been United States commissioner in Kentucky. An uncle on his mother's side. Dr. Francis, is a practicing dentist of Louisville, Kentucky.

Colonel Perkins was born in McDonald county, Missouri, October 9, 1876, a son of Thomas Bramblett and Amanda J. (Francis) Perkins. His father is a merchant and came west about twenty-five years ago and is now located at Buxton, Oregon. The Colonel has made his home in Oregon since he was a boy. He was educated in the public and high schools of Hillsboro, later studying dentistry. He has been engaged in practice at Portland since October 27, 1899, and has met with the success which attends conscientious application, well directed effort and the recognition from patrons of special ability and skill.

For more than ten years past Colonel Perkins has been actively identified with military affairs. At the outbreak of the Spanish-American war he enlisted as a private in Battery A, Oregon Volunteer Artillery, was mustered in July i, 1898, and served at Vancouver about three months, until mustered out. Upon the reorganization of Battery A, Oregon National Guard, he enlisted as a member and was appointed sergeant. On January 25, 1901, he was commissioned second lieutenant and on May 17, 1901, was promoted to the first lieutenancy. Later he was transferred to Company E. Third Regiment, Oregon. National Guard, as first lieutenant. On May 31, 1905, he was appointed as aid-de-camp on the staff of Governor Chamberlain with rank of colonel, serving in this capacity until Governor Chamberlain was elected to the United States senate in 1908. Prior to the retirement of Governor Chamberlain, Colonel Perkins handed in his resignation, but when Governor Benson assumed the executive office he reappointed Colonel Perkins to the position, which he had admirably filled, and in this relation he continued until the close of 1910, when by operation of law the office ceased to exist. On January 10, 1910, he was commissioned as commissary general of the Oregon National Guard and has since served in that capacity. Colonel Perkins demonstrated his adaptability to this office at the time of the earthquake at San Francisco, when he served as commissary and quartermaster of the hospital corps, receiving commendation from his superior officers for promptness and efficiency displayed at a trying time when those qualities were highly essential. As a national guardsman he has always performed his duties faithfully and with a constant desire to advance the efficiency of an arm of the government, which is more and more being recog- nized as an essential element in the permanency and development of the republic. It has attracted to its membership many of the brightest and most patriotic young men of the country and its standard of efficiency is higher today than ever before in America. It is by men of military spirit who are willing to make personal sacrifices that this highly satisfactory condition has been attained.

On December lO, 1902, Colonel Perkins was united in marriage to Miss Minnie Hortense Campbell, a daughter of Horace G. Campbell, of Portland. Two promising sons have been born to the union : Melvin, now aged six years ; and Thomas Richard, aged two years.

Colonel and Mrs. Perkins are members of St. David's Episcopal church. He has been prominently connected for a number of years with fraternal organizations whose principles of helpfulness early appealed to his mind. He holds membership in the Masonic order, the Elks and the Knights of Pythias, and has passed through the various chairs in the latter order and attained the rank of past chancellor. In politics he is in sympathy with the republican party but his energies have found outlet in other directions rather than in the heated political campaign. In professional, military and social life Colonel Perkins is recognized as an active factor - a clear cut prototype of the live product which Is the result of American traditions and free institutions and which is pronounced today by enlightened thinkers as the hope not only of the American republic but of the world.

Joseph Bergman

Joseph Bergman, at the age of eighty-one years, is living retired in Portland. He was long a representative of the cattle industry of the northwest and is numbered among the sons of Germany who, seeking the opportunities of the new world, have here acquired success. He was born November 25, 1829, in Bavaria, a son of Nathan J. and Hannah (Heldman) Bergman, the former a dry-goods merchant of Germany, where both he and his wife remained until called to their final rest.