Portland, Oregon - Portland, Oregon, Its History and Builders : in Connection with the An (part 19 of 25)

The public schools of his native land afforded Joseph Bergman his educational opportunities, after which he learned the butche's trade and in 1853 started for America with his brothers, Isaac Bergman, who is now located at Astoria, Oregon, of which city he was formerly mayor, and Abraham Bergman, who resides in San Francisco, where he has been identified with the candy business for many years. The brothers, Isaac and Joseph, made their way by the water route and the isthmus to California, landing at San Francisco in September, 1855. Joseph Bergman remained in that city for only about a month, after which he and his brother Isaac went to Sacramento, California, there continuing until 1856, during which time they were connected with the cattle business. They then came to Oregon and Joseph Bergman located on First street, between Morrison and Yamhill, where he opened one of the first butcher shops of this city with his brother as a partner. They continued in that business until 1868, when Isaac Bergman went to Alaska. Mr. Bergman of this review remained in active management of the enterprise until 1871, when his brother returned from Alaska and they were again associated in the conduct of the business until 1875, when Isaac Bergman went to Astoria. After conducting a shop for a year alone Joseph Bergman sold out and turned his attention to the cattle business, in which he was extensively and successfully engaged until 1904. His long experience as a butcher had made him an excellent judge of the value of stock and in the management of his cattle interests he won substantial success. In 1904, however, he retired and has since had leisure to enjoy those things which are of greatest interest to him in life.

Mr. Bergman has resided continuously in Portland since 1856, and has occupied his present fine home on Hoyt street since 1890. He married Miss Karoline Bettman, a daughter of Moses and Hannah Bettman, on the 29th of September, 1861. Mrs. Bergman was born in Bavaria, in which country her parents spent their entire lives. She came to the United States in i860, landing at New York and thence making her way direct to Portland, where she has since lived. It was in this city in the following year that she gave her hand in marriage to Joseph Bergman, and to them have been bom eight children. Michael L., an attorney, who was admitted to the bar when twenty-one years of age, died the following year. Clara is at home. Samuel K. and Nathan J. are both residents of this city. Ida is also at home. The three others of the family died

Mr. Bergman has always been active in politics as a stalwart supporter of the democracy and has done all he could to insure the success of the party, being convinced that the adoption of its principles would prove a potent force in good government. He holds membership with the United Workmen and is the only living charter member of the Temple Beth Israel, which was organized in 1858 with seven members. He served for twelve years in the volunteer fire department from 1858 to 1870, acting for some time as assistant chief and for a time was foreman. Although he has now passed the eighty-first milestone on life's journey his years rest lightly upon him. While he relates many interesting incidents of the early days he yet largely keeps in touch with the trend of modern progress. He was never afraid to work and his energy constituted the foundation of his success, bringing him in time the handsome competence which ranks him with the substantial citizens of Portland.

Edward E. Cohen

Edward E. Cohen, a well known citizen of Portland and for several years past engaged in the automobile business, was born on a farm at what is now Twenty-eighth and Harrison streets, this city, January 25, 1881. He is a son of Nathan and Rosa (Wittenburg) Cohen. The father was of German birth and in his native land was reared and educated, learning the watchmaker's trade, which he followed after coming to Portland. He came to the Pacific coast by way of the isthmus of Panama in the year 1848, traveling northward by vessel until he reached Salem, Oregon. This was the year before the California gold excitement, and Mr. Cohen came to the coast because he believed it to be the most favorable region in the United States for a young man of industry, perseverance and good habits desiring to establish a permanent home. His wife crossed the plains with an emigrant party in the early '70s and here she met her future husband, who took up his abode in Portland in 185 1. He was a man of good business ability and patriotic spirit, and in times of troubles with the Indians joined with other public-spirited men in protecting the settlers. Mr. Cohen departed this life in September, 1891, and is remembered by his family and friends as a kind husband and father and an upright citizen. His widow is still a resident of Portland.

Edward E. Cohen, the subject of this review, grew up under the kindly influences of the family home and received a good education in the public schools. Upon leaving school he learned the machinist's trade, his talents pointing in that direction, and then entered the service of the Southern Pacific Railroad, operating on the coast lines. In September, 1905, he withdrew from railway employment, feeling that he now had the experience which would enable him to manage successfully a business of his own. Accordingly he became associated with C. B. Miners under the title of the Portland Motor Car Company, and for four years from September, 1905, engaged in the automobile business. In February, 1909, he sold out his interest to his partner and assumed the sole agency for the Maxwell automobile for the state of Oregon, which business is conducted under the name of the Maxwell Agency, of which Mr. Cohen is manager. On July i, 1909, he sold an interest in the agency to his brother Arnold, who is now associated with him, and they are conducting a salesroom and repair shop under the most favorable auspices.

Arnold Cohen was born in this city, in 1883, and was educated in the public schools. When he was about seventeen years of age he began his business career with the Neustader Brothers of Portland and later was connected with the Canyon City Commercial Company of Canyon City, Oregon, severing his connection with this company when he came to Portland in 1909 to join his brother.

Having been thoroughly educated as a machinist, Edward E. Cohen brought to the automobile business an experience that has been of great practical value and from the start his career has been a success. He is energetic, alert and capable, and the increasing sales of the firm give evidence that the brothers have found a field where they may reap handsome returns in years to come. Mr. Cohen believes that ultimately the automobile will in many respects supersede the horse, although there will always be a demand for the latter and blooded animals will always command a high price. Recognizing the many uses of the self-propelled vehicle, he has thrown his entire energy into a business which is now engaging much of the finest talent all over the country. He and his brother are men of enterprise and push and have an inborn business tendency which cannot fail to lead to large results as population increases and the advantages of the automobile for use in both city and country become more generally known. E. E. Cohen is a member of the Commercial Club of Portland.

Nathan Loeb

Nathan Loeb, who was long connected with the business interests of Portland as the proprietor of a general merchandise store, was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, near Worms, Germany, in November, 1828. He attended school in his native country until he left Germany as a small boy to come to America with his two elder brothers, Bernard and Jacob, who engaged in the clothing business in Sacramento, California. They sold their business there in 1857 and came to Oregon, taking up their abode upon the present site of the Ladd & Tilton Bank in a small cottage which then stood upon that location. They at once became identified with commercial interests in this city as merchants, opening a store at the corner of First and Washington streets. Not long afterward, however, the two brothers removed to Helena, Montana, where they remained, while Nathan Loeb continued the business in Portland, conducting a general merchandise store here. For a time he had a large establishment on Front street, but about 1885 removed to Astoria, where he engaged in the same line of business for eight years. Subsequently he returned to Portland and later conducted a general store up to the time of his retirement about 1900. In that year he turned his business over to his sons, having in the meantime accumulated a competence that was the logical sequence of his close application and careful management of his business interests.

On the 2d of February, 1856, in Sacramento, California, Mr. Loeb was united in marriage to Miss Eliza Levy, a daughter of Seligman and Caresia Levy, who died near Strassburg, Germany. Mrs. Loeb was born in the vicinity of that city June 16, 1839, and came to America in 1855, landing at New York. With friends of the name of Livingston she made her way to San Francisco and thence to Sacramento, where she was married. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Loeb were born eight children : Albert, who died at the age of eighteen years ; William, who was in business with his father until his death, which occurred when he was forty-six years of age; Sadie, the wife of Louis Blumenthal; Theresa, who became the v/ife of Benjamin Upperheimer, of Portland and died at the age of thirty-three years, leaving a son, Eugene, who resides with his grandmother, Mrs. Loeb ; Hattie, the wife of N. G. Kauffman, of Bellingham, Washington, by whom she has one son, Russell; Sanford, a prominent physician of Portland, in which city he was born; Rebecca, at home; and Albertine, the wife of W. W. Robertson, of

Mr. Loeb was one of the charter members of Beth Israel congregation, and was prominent among the Jewish people of Portland, being regarded as a man of good business judgment and one whose council in all things was worthy of consideration. He belonged to that class known as self-made men, for his prosperity was entirely attributable to his own labors, as from early life he depended upon his industry and perseverance for the attainment of success. His death occurred in February, 1905.

John O. Hardin

Along well defined lines of labor John O. Hardin has steadily progressed to the goal of success and is now a member of the firm of Moore & Hardin, brick manufacturers, contractors and builders, in which connection he is conducting a business of large proportions in the management of which he displays a spirit of unfaltering enterprise and the power of keen discernment and business sagacity. He was born in Platte county, Missouri, April 25, 1880, a son of D. W. Hardin, a general contractor and brick manufacturer of Oregon, who was born in Council Blufifs, Iowa, and was left an orphan at the age of fifteen years, from which time he made his own way in the world. He first came to Oregon in 1878 but the following year returned to Missouri and did not locate permanently here until 1882. After spending a few months in Jacksonville, he settled at Grant's Pass, where he made his home until his death in 1904.

The son was very young when he came with his parents to the northwest. In the public schools of the Sunset state he pursued his education and after putting aside his text-books he learned the brick-mason's trade from his father and also acquainted himself with the methods of brick manufacture. When twentytwo years of age he started out in business on his own account, going to Primeville, Oregon, where he followed his trade for three years. Removing to Goldendale, Washington, he there worked at his trade for some time, after which he began contracting and also established a brick manufacturing plant. The new venture proved profitable and he continued at that point until 1906, when he sold his business there and came to Vancouver, as a larger field was here ofifered. Forming a partnership with W. L. Moore, he began the manufacture of concrete blocks and artificial stone, also conducting a general contracting business. They began operations under the firm style of J. O. Hardin & Company, which was later changed to Hardin & Moore and then again to Moore & Hardin, as it now stands. In 1908 they discontinued the manufacture of concrete blocks and turned their attention to the manufacture of face and common bricks, in which they continue successfully at the present time. They do all kinds of contract and building work, also cement and road work, employing one hundred and twenty men and an average of five teams daily throughout the year. They have been awarded and executed the contracts for the building of St. Joseph Hospital, the Deaf Mute School of Washington, the Star Brewery and other large contracts. They have recently extended their operations to Portland and already have received a good patronage in the city. They are likewise engaged m the steamboat business, owning boats for freight carrying on the Columbia and Willamette rivers.

Mr. Hardin married Miss Anna Wilson, of Goldendale, Klickitat county, Washmgton, April 25, 1906, and the hospitality of their home is one of its most attractive features. Mr. Hardin belongs to the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias lodges, all of Vancouver. He is interested in affairs of moment to the city and his public spirit is manifest in many ways, including his service as a member of the city council, to which he was elected on the republican ticket in November, 1909. Whatever tends to benefit Vancouver and promote its upbuilding receives his endorsement and support. He is. yet a young man, having just passed the thirtieth milestone on life's journey and the position to which he has already attained in business circles indicates the progress that is yet before him. He is now at the head of an extensive manufacturing and contracting business - a field of limitless opportunity in which his further advancement is assured.

Almond Chester Palmer

Almond Chester Palmer, a splendid representative of the progressive elements in the citizenship of Portland, he has been accorded a liberal clientage in his practice before the courts, particularly in the field of his specialty which covers real-estate law and land claims, was born in Portage county, Wisconsin, February I, 1855. His parents were Hiram and Sophia Palmer, the former a millwright and mechanic, who gave four years of his life to service in the Civil war, acting as sergeant of the Eighth Wisconsin Battery. The mother was a daughter of William G. Lyman, who was born in Massachusetts and was a close relative of the Lyman Beecher family.

In his youthful days Almond Chester Palmer went with his parents from Portage to Wood county, Wisconsin, where he pursued his education in the public and high schools, being graduated in 1874, He afterward engaged in teaching school and with a desire to become a representative of the legal profession, he took up the study of law, to which he devoted two years in the office of State Senator C. W. Webb and Jerry D. Witter. At the end of that time he successfully passed the required examinations but could not be admitted to practice before the courts, owing to the fact that he has not yet reached the age of twentyone years. In 1876 he removed to Pawnee county, Nebraska, where he engaged in teaching and also filled a position in the office of the county clerk. He studied law for six months with Representative Babcock, of Pawnee City, and from life's contacts and experiences was learning lessons which have been a source of benefit to him since he entered actively upon the practice of law on the coast.

It was while a resident of Nebraska that Mr. Palmer was married in 1877 to Miss Hattie O. Gile, and after residing for two years in that state they removed to Denver, Colorado, in 1879. There Mr. Palmer engaged in merchandising, mining and contracting and met with good success, but owing to the state of his health came to Oregon in March, 1882. He first took up his abode in Mitchell, now in Wheeler county, where he engaged in teaching, his ability in imparting knowledge to others being manifest in the excellent results which he obtained in the work in the schoolroom. He became deeply interested in the questions which were then engaging public attention and which had important bearing upon the welfare of the community, and in 1884 was elected on the republican anti-vigilantis ticket to the office of county clerk of Crook county, although at that time the county had an overwhelming democratic majority. His position in opposition to a policy which had been greatly abused led to his selection for the office. During his term the vigilanti troubles were settled and, the democratic power resuming sway, he was defeated when a candidate for reelection. In 1886, therefore, he turned his attention to business lines, engaging in general merchandising and in stock-raising. He had established his business upon a successful basis when the unusually severe winter of 1887-88 caused heavy

In the year 1889 Mr. Palmer was again called to office when appointed postmaster at Primville. He filled the position until 1892, when he resigned. He had served several terms as clerk of the school district at Primville, was also a member of the city council and city attorney, exercising his official prerogative in support of every measure and movement which he deemed beneficial to the community of which upheld its legal status. In 1895 he was admitted to the bar of Oregon and the following year was appointed United States commissioner, in which capacity he served for seven years. In the meantime, from 1895 until 1903, he had enjoyed a large practice before the United States land ofiice and since becoming a member of the Portland bar has largely specialized in the field of real-estate law. Moreover, he is thoroughly informed concerning the natural resources of the country and the possibilities for the cultivation of the land that lies east of the mountain range and has delivered many public addresses and written various articles upon the subject of irrigation in eastern Oregon. Thoroughly understanding the situation, he has closely studied the conditions that exist and knows that with the never failing water supply that can be secured from the streams that have their source in the snow capped mountain ranges, the lands of that district may be reclaimed for the purpose of civilization and made to yield as abundantly as does the Hood river valley and other well watered districts near the coast.

At the present time Mr. Palmer is specializing in the development of large stump lands or logged off lands in the immediate locality. He was a pioneer in this particular phase of land development.

In his political views Mr. Palmer has ever been an earnest republican, voting the straight ticket, for his close study of the issues and questions of the day has made him fully convinced that in the platform of the party lies the best elements of good government and that the best interests of the country will be conserved through the adoption of its principles. He is widely known in fraternal circles and has represented the local organizations of the Masonic fraternity and the Ancient Order of United Workmen in the Grand Lodges of several occasions. He has also organized several United Artisans lodges. Those who read between the lines of this review will recognize the fact that Mr, Palmer is a man of force and of resourceful ability, accomplishing what he undertakes, while the results of his labors are largely of benefit to his fellowmen. Moreover, his activities have touched many interests and in all connections he has manifested support of progressive citizenship.

John C. Welch

John C. Welch, conducting a growing and profitable business as the head of the John Welch Dental Depot of Portland, was born in Clackamas county, Oregon, on the i6th of December, 1864. He is a representative of southern families. Both of his grandfathers came from Virginia, the paternal line being represented in Henry county in the extreme southern portion of the state, while his maternal grandfather was from Georgetown, now a part of the District of Columbia. Both of his grandmothers were from Kentucky. He is a son of Dr. John and Anna Elizabeth (Clements) Welch. The father was one of the prominent dentists of Portland for a long period. His birth occurred at Mineral Point, Wisconsin, September 18, 1836. His parents, William and Jane (Boggess) Welch, were natives of Virginia and Kentucky respectively. The former devoted his life to farming until the time of the lead mine excitement in Wisconsin in 1833. when he removed to Mineral Point and was there identified with mining interests until 1838. when he became a resident of Comanche, Iowa.

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Again he took up general agricultural pursuits, to which he gave his attention until 1850, in which year he started for California, accompanied by his son John. Unlike many of the early travelers, he made the journey with horse teams and in the incredibly short space of ninety days covered the distance between the Missouri river and Placerville, California. Father and son devoted four years to mining in that state, after which they rejoined the family in Iowa, making the return trip by way of the isthmus of Panama. The sojourn in the west convinced them that they preferred the coast country as a place of residence, and in 1863 they again traveled westward, once more crossing the plains with Oregon as their destination. After four months of travel, the family home was established in Clackamas county, where William Welch continued to engage in farming until his demise.

In the meantime John Welch had completed his elementary studies by a course in the Rock Island (111.) Seminary. Determining upon the practice of dentistry as his life work, he began studying under the direction of Dr. W. J. Laurence at Lyons, Iowa, and in 1857 located for practice in Chillicothe, Missouri. He also engaged in practice for a time at Georgetown, Missouri, and after returning from California to the middle west he was married in Fairview, Missouri, in 1859, to Miss Anna Elizabeth Clements, who was born in that state in 1 841. Not long afterward the young couple established their home in Chicago and Dr. Welch continued his studies in the office of Dr. E. Carpenter, with whom he remained until 1863, when again with his father he crossed the plains. He first opened his office in Oregon City, where he practiced until 1870, when he opened an office in Portland. He thereafter maintained both offices and resided in Oregon City until 1888, when he purchased residence property at the corner of Sixteenth and East Everett streets in Portland and permanently took up his abode here. Dr. Welch not only remained an active member of the profession, engaged in operative dentistry, but also began the manufacture of dental supplies, establishing an extensive business along that line. He also carried a stock of dental goods and his trade extended throughout the northwest, the enterprise growing as the result of the judicial management and enterprising efforts of Dr. Welch and his son, John C. Welch, who later became associated with him in the business.

Unto Dr. and Mrs. Welch were born nine children : Dr. William Edward Welch, a physician practicing at Rainier, Oregon ; Sterling, deceased ; John C. ; Harry ; Frank, who has also passed away ; Catherine ; Reuben ; Annie ; and Benjamin.

Dr. Welch became a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. When the dental law was passed in Oregon he was one of the members of the first state board of examiners, consisting of four. During the period of his residence in Portland he ranked with the leading dentists of the northwest, his ability gaining for him a foremost place among the members of the dental fraternity.

John C. Welch pursued his education in the public schools of Oregon City and in the University of Oregon. He was a young man of twenty-one years when, in November, 1885, he entered the Portland postoffice and was made chief clerk of the registered letter department. The ability which he displayed in tliat position led to his promotion to the superintendency of the money order department, and he remained in the postoffice for five years. He was then appointed to the position of paying teller in the Commercial National Bank, his services there covering ten years, subsequent to which time he became connected with Wells Fargo & Company's Bank in Portland. Aside from other interests, Mr. Welch has for a considerable period been connected with the John Welch Dental Depot of Portland, one of the foremost enterprises of this part of the northwest, with a branch in the Lumber Exchange building in Seattle. With the passing years his ability has developed and he stands today as one whose activity

In 1888, in Eugene, Oregon, Mr. Welch was married to Miss Alice Wallis, a daughter of Matthew Wallis, a Lane county pioneer, and their children are Mary, Alice, John Wallis and Margaret. Mr. Welch has always been a stalwart advocate of democratic principles since age conferred upon him the right of franchise, and in June, 1908, he attended the national convention at Denver. He is prominent in Masonry and exemplifies in his life the beneficial spirit of the craft. He is now a life member of the Oregon Commandery, K, T., and also belongs to Al Kader Temple of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He hkewise holds membership with the Commercial Club, and is greatly interested in its efforts to exploit the resources and advantages of Portland and thus promote the city's growth. In all matters of general concern he is public spirited and his cooperation can ever be counted upon to further any movement for the general good.

Alexander E. Borthwick

Among the well known citizens of Portland is Alexander E. Borthwick, for many years in the real-estate business here. He was born in Schoharie county, New York, February 22, 1845, and is the son of William and Maria (Bushnell) Borthwick. During his boyhood he received a common-school and academic education but while in his sixteenth year his school training was brought to an end for a time by the opening of the great Rebellion in which the New York boy was destined to perform his part. On November 16, 1861, being not yet seventeen years of age, he enlisted in Company B, Fourth New York Artillery, and served until discharged on account of disability, August 28, 1862. On the ist of October, 1863, having recovered his health, he reenlisted at Saratoga Springs, New York, in Company C, Second New York Veteran Cavalry, serving until November 27, 1865, when he was honorably mustered out at Albany, New York. He took part in the Red River and Mobile campaigns and in several important raids in which he displayed the qualities of a true soldier. He was twice wounded, first at Marksville, Louisiana, and again at McLeod Mills, Mississippi, on the Davidson raid. After returning home at the conclusion of the war, he again resumed his studies and was graduated from Eastman's Business College, after having taken a thorough course at that institution, which is still recognized as one of the leading colleges of its kind in the world.

At twenty-two years of age, in 1867, Mr. Borthwick bade farewell to the scenes of his boyhood and turned his face westward. He assisted in building the Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railways and was present on that historic occasion at Promontory Point, Utah, May 9, 1869, when the last spike was driven connecting with bands of steel New York and San Francisco. After visiting the mining camp at Battle Mountain, Nevada, he started with a companion on a prospecting trip from Winnemucca, Nevada, to Silver City, Idaho, but after crossing the line into Oregon at Camp McDermott, they arrived at Canyon City and came on to Portland, which they reached on the 3d of December, 1869. This was forty-one years ago, when a large part of Oregon was a wilderness and a great empire was yet to be exploited.

Mr. Borthwick became a school teacher in district No. 7 of Multnomah county but in the following spring went on the construction of the Oregon & California Railroad as assistant to C. E. Burrage, engineer in charge. The following winter he engaged with Colonel Flint, chief engineer of the Northern Pacific Railroad, as topographer, traveling under J. F. Kidder, and located the first twenty miles of the road from Kalama northward. He assisted in laying out the town of Kalama. at that time the official terminal of the Northern Pacific Railroad, the work being accomplished in the winter of 1870-71. Having returned to Port- land on the 26th of April, 1871, he entered the county clerk's office as deputy clerk under C. W. Parrish, also serving- in a similar capacity under W. H. Harris. In the fall of 1874 Mr. Borthwick was made assistant clerk of the house of representatives at Salem, Oregon, and in December following went to Walla Walla, Washington, where he engaged in the mercantile business. From that point he went to Baker City, Oregon, in June, 1874, and for about a year was employed at the Virtue mine. Once more returning to Portland, Mr. Borthwick, on July I, 1876, was appointed deputy clerk under county clerk James A. Smith, serving until he was himself elected county clerk in July, 1880. At the end of his term of office in 1884 he became manager of the Tacoma Line Company, and in February, 1887, entered the real-estate business, in which he has continued with short intervals since.

On August 13, 1874, Mr. Borthwick was united in marriage to Miss Alice A. Case, a daughter of William and Sarah Ann Case, who were pioneers of 1844. Her father was a native of Indiana and her mother came from New Jersey. One child was born to Mr. and Mrs. Borthwick, William Lawrence, who is now in business with his father. He is a graduate of the college of civil engineering of the University of California of the class of 1906. He was married December 31, 1908, to Miss Ruth Millard, a native of Kansas, who resided most of her life before her marriage at Redlands, California, and is a daughter of Orin and Frances Millard. They have one daughter, Elaine.

Mr. Borthwick is a member of the Sons of the American Revolution and is also actively identified with the Grand Army of the RepubHc, being a member of the committee of three that organized George Wright Post, No. i, of Oregon, in July, 1878, which was the first post north of California at that time. Mr. Borthwick had the sagacity many years ago to perceive the opportunities of the northwest and made no mistake in turning his steps in this direction. He has always been an active and useful citizen and, having made a noble start in life as a soldier for a grand cause, he has never lowered his standard.

Philip Schuyler Malcolm

"I wish to preach not the doctrine of ignoble ease," said President Roosevelt in a memorable address, "but the doctrine of the strenuous life." This expression has been quoted the world over and has met with a heartiness of response that is evidence of a conviction of its truth. Few men present a better illustration of a life abounding in activity than Philip Schuyler Malcolm. An irrepressible desire to see the world and to take an active part in its aflfairs early manifested itself and it has found expression in many climes and under many conditions. Mr. Malcolm is essentially a man of quick apprehension, strong convictions and well grounded principles which have sought a useful outcome for all expenditure of time and energy. As a result he occupies one of the most important government positions in the northwest, and also has gained recognition in Masonic circles as one of the leading men of the order.

Philip S. Malcolm was born at Oswego, New York, October 30, 1847, and comes of noted ancestry, being a son of William S. and Emma (Lawrence) Malcolm. His father was for many years connected with the federal service in New York state and during some years was in charge of the United States harbor construction at the port of Oswego. He was a man of fine address and unusual intelligence, and many of the leading characteristics of the son were inherited from the father.

The subject of this review was reared in Oswego and educated in the public schools. The desire to see the world early manifested itself, and for many years he traveled widely over the world, in the course of which he visited all the leading countries and gained by observation and direct contact with men many les- sons not taught in the books. A natural versatility enabled him to accommodate himeslf to almost any circumstance and to learn readily almost any line of business to which his attention was directed. From 1869 until 1876 he was connected with the operating department of the Panama Railroad on the isthmus of Panama, and from 1879 until 1882 he engaged in the mercantile business at Melbourne, Australia, as importer of goods from America. He came to Portland in 1882, and for several years was in the employ of the construction department of the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company. Later he went to London, England, as special representative of eastern manufacturers. After taking up his permanent residence at Portland, he engaged in the fire insurance business and is now at the head of P. S. Malcolm & Company, one of the best known fire insurance agencies in Portland. He has for many years been an energetic worker in the republican party, and in recognition of his character and services he received from President Roosevelt on January i, 1907, the appointment of collector of customs at the port of Portland. This office he has administered with an efficiency which indicates that the choice for the position was well made. The only other public office he has ever held was that of recorder of conveyances of Multnomah county, Oregon, having been elected to the office upon the republican ticket for two terms.

Mr. Malcolm was united in marriage August 5, 1885, to Miss Sarah Roberts, a daughter of Andrew Roberts, one of Portland's pioneers. Mrs. Malcolm is an accomplished lady, possessing the most desirable attributes of womanhood, and to her hsuband she has proven a constant encouragement and support.

During many years of a busy life, Mr. Malcolm has taken great interest in Masonry, whose teachings have found ready response in a man of large social instincts and active, sympathetic nature. He has not only attained the honorable rank of the thirty-third or highest degree in modern Masonry but has held many of the most important offices in the order. He is a past grand master of Masons of the state of Oregon and past grand commander of the Knights Templar of Oregon. He is the deputy of the Supreme Council of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite for the state of Oregon.

Mr. Malcolm is not only highly popular in Masonic circles, but he numbers among his friends men of all parties and creeds. Acquaintance with the world years ago made him a cosmopolitan, and he recognizes all human beings as "made of one blood" and capable, under wise education and favorable environment, of becoming active and useful members of society.

Robert Collier

A little over forty years ago Robert Collier arrived in Portland, after a journey of more than eight thousand miles from his native land on the eastern shore of the Atlantic. Here he found a friendly welcome and here he has lived and flourished with a growing country - a country which has proven a happy abiding place to many aspiring young men from foreign lands. Today Mr. Collier is secretary and superintendent of the Smith & Watson Iron Works, one of the largest concerns for the manufacture of heavy machinery in the northwest. He has been connected with the company since January, 1870, a period of more than forty years, and, beginning at the bottom, has worked upward until he fills one of the most important positions in the company. The history of his career is a remarkable illustration of steady progress.

Robert ColHer was born at DunfermHne, Scotland, August 11, 1845. He is the son of Alexander and Janet (Lyall) Colher. His father was a joiner by trade and the son was apprenticed to a pattern-maker at Inverkeithing, in Fife, Scotland. After completing his trade he followed it in the great ship building city of Clyde, where he was employed on marine work. At twenty-three years of age he determined to seek his fortune on the shores of the Pacific, and in March, 1869, he landed in Portland, having come direct from Scotland, via Panama and San Francisco. Here he encountered new scenes, new faces and conditions that gave much greater hope for expansion than could be expected in an old and crowded country. He readily adapted himself to his new surroundings and became an adopted son of the republic. He entered the employ of Smith Brothers & Watson, as the present company of the Smith & Watson Iron Works, was then designated. It was an old established enterprise, doing business until 1875 under the name of the Smith Brothers Iron Works, having been started by F. C. Smith, now deceased, and his brother, C. E. Smith, who is at the head of the company at the present time. The firm name was changed to Smith Brothers & Watson Iron Works in 1879, when Frank Watson became a member. In the early part of 1885 Mr. Collier became lessee of the concern, and from 1885 to 1889 it was known as Collier & Company. In 1889 a corporation was formed and the name of Smith & Watson Iron Works was adopted, which has since been retained. During the time he was lessee, Mr. Collier also acted as superintendent, in which position he has continued under the incorporation. In 1904 he was elected secretary. He is also a director of the company, the officers being: Charles E. Smith, president; Alfred F. Smith, vice president and manager; and Robert Collier, superintendent and secretary. This company, whose works are at the foot of Hall street, began originally in a small way and has developed until it now has one of the most important manufacturing establishments of Portland. The company manufactures logging engines and sawmill machinery. It has a thoroughly equipped foundry, pattern shop and blacksmith and machine shop, and gives employment to about one hundred skilled mechanics at its plant. The crude material worked up at the plant calls for a large outlay of money, while the great machines manufactured require hundreds or thousands of men to keep them going. It will be seen that if the efifect of such works as that described in this article be followed to the ultimate results, we discover one of the important agencies in the advancement of civilization. To this the young mechanic, who gained his early training in one of the best schools in the world in Scotland, has contributed his share. Thus is America assisting in hastening the final result which the world has long been anticipating - the regeneration of man.

Mr. ColHer was married June 18, 1874, to Miss Hannah L. Honeyman, the worthy daughter of John Honeyman, a pioneer foundryman and machinist of Portland and formerly proprietor of the City Foundry & Machine Works. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Collier, Alice H. and Grace E.

Mr. Collier is a member of the Masonic order, and has always responded to its kindly principles of brotherly forbearance and helpfulness. He is a genuine representative of many of the sturdy characteristics of his race and none have acknowledged their gratification at his success more heartily than fellow countrymen who have followed his example and founded happy homes on the shores of the Pacific.

Edward D. Rood

Edward D. Rood, a retired stockman of Portland, was born January 22, 1843, ^^^ was reared on a farm in Lafayette county, Wisconsin. On the 3d of March, 1862, when a youth of nineteen years, he responded to the country's call for troops, enlisting in the Union army as a member of Company H, Third Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, for three years. He enrolled his name at Monroe, Green county, Wisconsin, and at once joined the regiment at Winchester, Virginia. He participated in a number of hotly contested engagements and skirT mishes among which were the battles of Cedar Mountain and Antietam. He was severely wounded at the battle of Chancellorsville and was forced to remain in the hospital at Washington and at Philadelphia for some time. The wound was inflicted on the 3d of May, 1863, and it was not until the following March that he was able to rejoin his regiment, then stationed in Tennessee. He afterward took part in the battle of Resaca, Georgia, and went with Sherman on the celebrated march to the sea and thence northward through the CaroHnas to Goldsboro, where he was honorably discharged in April, 1865. His was a creditable military record, characterized by the utmost fidelity to duty whether it called him to the firing line or stationed him on the lonely picket line.

When the war was over, Mr. Rood returned to Wisconsin, locating at Eau Claire, where he worked in a logging camp and a sawmill for about three and a half years. He then made his way to the southern part of the state, where he spent the winter, subsequently removing to southwestern Missouri, where he lived for ten months. On the expiration of that period he went to Idaho and worked in the placer mines until the fall of 1873, when he came to Oregon. He was accompanied by his brother Andrew, and they purchased a flock of sheep in Linn county, driving them to Morrow county, where they established a sheepraising business which they conducted with success, gaining prominence in this line of activity in every section of the state. Later Edward Rood took up land there and made his home in that locality until after the great flood at Heppner, on the 14th of June, 1903. The disaster brought sorrow and loss to the entire community. His wife and only child were victims of the flood and after that Mr. Rood could no longer be contented in Morrow county and spent some time in roaming around, visiting California, Mexico and other points.

Mr. Rood was married on the 26th of February, 1896, at Blue Springs, Missouri, to Miss Luticia Johnson of Kentucky, and their only child was named for the mother. Three years after the death of his first wife, Mr. Rood was married, on the 9th of July, 1906, to Fannie O. Catten. In that year they established their home in Portland, where they have since resided, Mr. Rood erecting a fine residence at No. 615 East Main street. He belongs to the Masonic lodge of Heppner, Oregon, and his pleasing social qualities have gained for him an ever increasing circle of friends. He has now retired from active business save when his attention is demanded by his real-estate interests in Morrow county and in this city.

That the west presents remarkable opportunities to the man who possesses the business sense and is endowed with grit and energy, has in countless instances been demonstrated. It would be difficult, however, to find a more striking exemplification of this statement than is shown in the history of F. W. Vogler, now a successful automobile man of Portland. It may also be stated that even the wildest dreams of his youth fell short of the reality as he witnessed it in more than one instance in the great mining camps, and as it may be seen today among the great captains of industry in the northwest.

Mr. Vogler was born in the province of Ontario, Canada, where he grew up and was educated in the public schools. His first experience in meeting the world was as a member of a surveying and construction crew that laid out the Oregon Short Line from Green River to Huntington. After completing his contract which involved some of the hardships and gave him a preliminary taste of experience in the wild life of the west, he became identified in 1880 with Gilmore & Salisbury, of Blackfoot, Idaho, who were extensively engaged in the transportation and stage business, and he was also connected with their line operating between Red Rock, Montana, and Salmon City, Lemhi county, Idaho, and gained a thorough knowledge of the stage and transportation busi- ness carried on in the face of many difficulties in a mountainous country. In 1892 he took over their Hnes in Idaho and conducted them on his own account for eighteen years.

It was in 1904 that his experience in the automobile business began. The great rush to the newly discovered mines in Nevada had begun and Mr. Vogler conceived the idea of running an auto stage line from Tonopah to Goldfield. It was the first line of the kind projected in the United States. He bought two automobiles and began operations over the stage road but soon discovered that gasoline engines could not compete with horses over a route that was not built for self-propelled vehicles. No sooner did he arrive at this conclusion than he applied at the state capital of Nevada and secured a charter under which he built a road of thirty miles for his own use. He put on eighteen cars and in less than ninety days there was only one horse stage out of Tonopah and it was used in the transportation of the United States mail. When he began his auto service there were seven six-horse teams in operation to the gold camp. During the ninety days mentioned he conveyed twelve thousand passengers at ten dollars each and also carried all the baggage and freight from Tonopah to the camp. In addition to his operations at Tonopah he conducted stage lines in three different parts of the state but closed out his Nevada interests in March, 1910. Believing that there were larger opportunities near the coast, Mr. Vogler came to Portland in 1909 as a representative of the Auburn automobile. In August of the same year he organized the Northwestern Auto Company, Inc., of which he became president, Norman Deveaux, sales manager, and F. D. Vogler secretary. This company has the exclusive distribution for the northwest of the Reo and Apperson cars. Their business has been phenomenal. In the first nine months of its existence the company delivered four hundred and seventy automobiles and the first years' business of the company amounted to the round sum of seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars. At the present time there are over twelve hundred Reo automobiles in use in their territory and one hundred of them are owned in the city of Portland. This is a striking illustration of the up-to-date character of the people who make their homes in the northwest and is a high compliment to the business sagacity of the gentlemen whose names are above given.

In 1890 Mr. Vogler was united in marriage to Miss Virginia Rowles, of Chico, California. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias and although he has been a resident of Portland comparatively a short time he has made many friends and has also attained a record for business which indicates unusual ability and elements of character that are highly appreciated by wide-awake citizens. As is easily to be seen, he owes his success largely to keen discernment, promptitude in following his intuitions and a resolute nature that never allows itself to be discouraged however great the obstacles.

Orin B. Coldwell

Orin B. Coldwell, general superintendent of the light and power department of the Portland Railway, Light & Power Company, in which connection he occupies a position of responsibility to which one of his years seldom attains, was born in Salem, Oregon, November 28. 1875. He is a son of E. L. Coldwell and when four years of age was brought to Portland, where he pursued his education in the public schools, passing through consecutive grades until he became a high school student. He made his initial step in business in 1892 when he entered the employ of the Willamette Electric Company, where he remained in various capacities for five years, his increasing ability winning him promotion from time to time, and also giving him insight into what there was to be learned concerning the branch of business to which he had decided to give his attention. This stimulated in him a desire for further knowledge, and in 1897 he entered Stanford University of California, where he spent three years in pursuing an electrical course. He then went to Ithaca, New York, and for two years was a student in Cornell University, being graduated on the completion of the elecrical engineering course with the class of 1902.

Well equipped by a thorough scientific training, Mr. Coldwell then returned to this city and entered the services of the Portland General Electric Company, the successors of the Willamette Electric Company. He had in the meantime been in its employ during vacation periods while at Stanford University and had filled nearly the whole range of positions. Following his graduation, he was made assistant superintendent and afterward served as electrical engineer and operating engineer until three years ago, when he was made general superintendent of the light and power department, having charge of the operation and construction of this department. For the past five years he has made all of the plans of the engineering construction work of light and power plants of this concern, and their development to meet the demands of the ever growing city. Upon him has devolved the responsibility for expenditure of large sums. Recently he erected the present office building which is today one of the notably fine structures of Portland, and at the same time he maintained a sub-station on the grounds and had charge of the building of three or four plants costing several millions of dollars. His thorough understanding of every phase of the business well qualifies him for the heavy responsibilities and arduous duties which devolved upon him, and his skill in this direction has gained him recognition as one of the foremost electrical and construction engineers of the Pacific coast.

On the 20th of September, 1905, Mr. Coldwell was married in Portland to Miss Anna Elizabeth Harmer, a daughter of William Harmer, one of the old residents here. Their only child, Ruth Evelyn, is now three and a half years of age. The family residence is at No. 504 Spring street, on Portland Heights.

Mr. Coldwell is a member of the Multnomah Club, an associate member of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, and a member of the Sigma Xi, an honorary engineering fraternity. He finds his principal recreation in natural history and botany, and is a strong lover of nature in all of its phases. This element in his nature serves as an even balance to that whidi finds its expression in the mathematical accuracy demanded in the scientific lines which he has chosen as a life work. Gaining that superior ability which comes from close study and broad experience, he stands in an eminent and enviable position among the electrical engineers of the west.

Edward J. Grahs

Edward J. Grabs, an architect and builder, whose labors have been an element in the substantial improvement of Portland, has not only been identified with building interests as a contractor but also as a speculative builder. His life is an indication of the opportunities which America presents to her adopted citizens. He was born in Helsingborg, Sweden, April 16, 1862, his parent's being John Johnson and Kersty (Anderson) Grabs. The father was a wagonmaker and farmer and spent his entire life in Sweden.

Edward J. Grabs was nineteen years of age when he came to America. He had attended the public schools of his native country and after reaching the new world he promoted his education by attending night schools. He has always realized the value of advanced intellectual training and through reading and investigation has greatly broadened his knowledge. Following his emigration to the new world, he settled in Franklin Grove, Lee county, Illinois, and supplemented his knowledge of the carpenter's trade, which he had learned in his na- tive land, by a course in architecture here, desiring to improve as much as possible, that his ability might fit him for important service in the field which he had chosen as his life work.

Mr. Grabs arrived in America in March, 1882, and for a year remained a resident of Illinois. He then sought the opportunities of the northwest, coming to Portland in 1883. He worked by the day until 1886, when he began contracting on his own account and has always been alone in business. In this connection he has done much for Portland's improvement. He specialized in the building of residences but in the last six or seven years has done considerable speculative building, purchasing unimproved property, on which he has erected attractive homes for sale. Being an architect as well as builder, he has designed all of the residences which he has erected. These are built in attractive modern styles of architecture, are equipped with the latest improved conveniences and their ready sale indicates that they find favor with the public. He has confined his operations as a speculative builder largely to the Elizabeth Irving addition, having built and sold at least twenty houses in that addition as well as a number in the McMillan and Irvington additions.

In 1890 Mr. Grabs was married to Miss Hannah C. Wistrand, who was born in the town of Wexio, Sweden, as were her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Andreas Anderson Wistrand. Fraternally Mr. Grabs is connected with the Modern Woodmen of America and with the Swedish Society Linnea, of which he was one of the founders and a charter member. He has given his political support to the republican party since becoming a naturalized American citizen and has ever kept well informed on the important questions and issues of the day. Active and thoroughly reliable in business afifairs at all times, his life is another proof of the statement that ''Sweden is the home of honest men."

To take the crude material and produce a finished product, a thing of utility, symmetry and beauty, is always a matter of satisfaction to those who accompHsh such a task. This is what the pioneers of Portland have done. Coming to Oregon, they saw and utilized the natural advantages and resources of the country and the beautiful Rose City of the present day stands as a monument to their enterprise, their faith, courage and progressiveness. All honor is due them for the work they accomplished. Among the number is J. H. MacMillan, now a venerable patriarch of the community, eighty-eight years of age. He was born in Attica, New York, in 1823 and the early years of his life were passed in Orange, Du Page county, Illinois. While but a mere boy he crossed the plains to Oregon, and first saw Portland on the 24th of October, 1845, or rather the site of Portland, for the district was then inhabited by Indians. Captain John H. Couch had claimed most of the land on the north and F. W. Pettygrove and A. L. Lovejoy were the claimants to the southern portion. Their cabins had been built and upon the land had been posted notices to show that it had been claimed. The families, however, lived at Oregon City at that time.

Mr. MacMillan's mind is still very clear concerning the early events which have shaped the history of this district. He relates that soon after his arrival the bark, Toulon, arrived, Nathanial Crosby, captain, near the foot of Washington street, where the cargo was landed and covered with a canvas until a log house could be built that became Portland's first warehouse. The following year, 1846, James B. Stevens built a double log house on the east bank of the Willamette, a part of which was used for a cooper shop, Dr. McLoughlin employing him to make one thousand flour barrels. It was his father who was the first person buried in Lone Fir cemetery.

The first sawmill was built by Abrams in the south end of the city and later a sawmill was erected near the present site of the gas works, but after a few years it was burned. Then the firm of Estes & Stimson built a sawmill, which they later sold to Ben Holladay for the sum of sixty thousand dollars. Mr. Holladay had the mill removed a mile down the river, where a double mill was erected as well as a sash, door and blind factory. As millwright Mr. MacMillan had charge of this work for eleven years and was thus closely associated with the lumber industry of the city at an early day. At that time a few enterprising merchants were meeting the wants of customers of this district, Northrop & Simon conducting a store on Front street, while W. S. Ladd had a store near the Stark street ferry on the west side of the street, Mr. MacMillan seeing him clear his land where he built his house. Mr. MacMillan was also well acquainted with Hugh O'Brien, Portland's first mayor, who crossed the plains in 1845, and he also knew Anthony L. Davis, the first justice of the peace. As the city developed a newspaper made its appearance in Portland, published by John Orvis Watterman, and soon afterward T. J. Dryer began the publication of the Oregonian. The litigated interests of the city were intrusted to Judge Hamilton, the firm of Olney & McEwan and other early lawyers, while Drs. Davenport and Chapman attended to the physical ills. "Uncle Jimmy" Stevens donated land for school purposes and the Rev. Lyman built the first Congregational church, while Rev. Wilbur had the Methodist church erected. Among the notable weddings in the early days was that of the daughter of T. J. Dryer, who became the wife of a nephew of Peter Skeen Ogden, who at that time was the chief factor at Vancouver and was better known as the "kind-hearted man" who purchased the women and children held prisoners by the Cayuses.

Mr. MacMillan in early pioneer times carried dispatches from The Dalles Mission to Governor Abernethy at Oregon City. Night came on about the time he reached Portland. A dance was being held of which Mr. MacMillan became a spectator. It was conducted by Charlie McKay, who was then called "Old Scissors" for scissors was his greatest swear word. This dance was held on the last night of 1847. The following day Mr. MacMillan walked to Oregon City, where he delivered his despatches. When East Portland organized a city government, by act of the legislature Mr. MacMillan at the first election was chosen councilman and served for four years. Dr. Hawthorne being the president of the village. It seems a long distant period from the primitive past to the progressive present, from the Portland of 1845 to the city of the present day. Mr. MacMillan has ever rejoiced in the development that has been carried forward and it is his honest belief that Portland will yet become the largest city on the Pacific coast.

Cincinnati Bills

The life of Cincinnati Bills was largely spent upon the frontier as from time to time through the period of his youth and early manhood he removed westward. He was one of New England's native sons, his birth having occurred in Vermont in 1825, his parents being Captain Lemuel and Liddie Bills. His father was an Indian fighter and also one of the first settlers of Oregon. The son acquired his education in the common schools of his native state and when still quite young learned the shoemaker's trade. He also mastered the trade of pump-making. He was a young lad when he removed with his parents to Ohio and subsequently accompanied them to Indiana, the family home being estab- Hshed at Covington, where he assisted his father in the pump-making business. His youth was largely a period of earnest and unremitting toil, during which time he came to a full realization of the value of industry and energy as effective forces in life's work.

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While residing in Covington Mr. Bills became acquainted with Miss Anna E. Adkins, a daughter of Granville and Ipsley (Osburg) Adkins. Their friendship ripening into love, they were married April 4, 1850, and began their domestic life in Indiana, but on the 15th of February, 1853, they started for the far west with a covered wagon and team of oxen. In the meantime two children had been born unto them, and the other members of the party were Mr. Bills' sister, Mrs. Roher, and his brother, Worthington Bills. The entire train consisted of five wagons and quite a number of people, for at that time parties traveled together for protection and mutual assistance. There was at this time a rather clearly defined wagon trail across the country to the northwest, and altogether theirs was a pleasant trip. Moreover, they made it in a time which exceeded that of any other party, reaching the foot of the Cascade mountains on the first day of July, being only four months and fifteen days on the way.

Having arrived in the Pacific coast country, Mr. Bills purchased three hundred and twenty acres of land in Multnomah county about nine miles' from Portland. A previous settler had taken possession of this farm but no improvements had been made except that a small log cabin had been built. In that home Air. and Mrs. Bills with their children began housekeeping. They lived upon that farm for only two years, when they were frightened away by the Cascade Indians and took up their abode in the then town of Portland, which had not yet completed five years of its existence. There Mr. Bills worked at anything that he could find to do for about two years, when he purchased an interest in the dray company which afterward became the O. & T. Company, of which he was made manager. He continued in that position of executive control until his death, which occurred December 17, 1871. He was well known in the early days as an active and reliable business man and, moreover, he was honored with public office, being chosen sheriff of Multnomah county. He was also one of the early members of the Masonic lodge and of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and was an active member of the Methodist church, in which he held office. His life's labors ended, he was laid to rest in the Lone Fir cemetery. Much credit is due to the early settlers who came to Portland in its pioneer times and aided in promoting its interests and laying a safe and broad foundation upon which the city has since builded its present prosperity and progress.

No history of Portland would be complete without further mention of Mrs. Bills, now one of the well known pioneer ladies here. Her birth occurred in Fountain county, Indiana, July 25, 1829. Her father was a farmer as well as a cooper and shoemaker. Her girlhood days were spent in Indiana when it was a frontier district, and on reaching womanhood she gave her hand in marriage to Mr. Bills. They became the parents of nine children, of whom four died in infancy. Marion, who died at the age of thirty-one years, had married Helen Menzes and they were the parents of four children. Lillian Ann, became the wife of George V. James, of Portland, and had four children : Jessie, Helen, George, and Marion. Mary E., is the wife of Morton Spaulding, of Portland, and they have two children : Morton R. and Lethie. Eliza is the wife of Fred A. Young and they have four children: Maynard, Byron, George and Edna. George, the youngest of the surviving members of the family, is still a resident of Portland.

Mrs. Bills is a member of the Oregon Pioneer Society and the Methodist church. She has lived at her present home at the corner of Sixteenth street North and Flanders street since 1881, and has spent the greater part of her life in this city. For about three years she has been confined to her bed but bears her sufiferings uncomplainingly. She is generally known as Grandma Bills and has a wide acquaintance in this city. A fact worthy of perpetuation m Portland's history is that she made, in 1862, with her own hands, the first American flag that ever floated over this city. In recognition of this there was written a little poem called "A Garland of Laurel" which is herewith attached -

Guy E. Holman

Some men are born with a faculty for business. Among the predominating traits which they possess are ambition, energy, good judgment and clear foresight and when these elements of character act in harmony we have the successful business man, whose possibilities are limited only by the field in which he operates. Portland has attracted from other regions of the country many young men of promise in the business world, who are adding to the reputation and wealth of the city and at the same time are prospering themselves ; but there are young men in responsible positions here who are to the manner bom - men who have all the push and energy requisite in a successful business career and also possess the other elements that contribute so much to the financial result. Among such young men may be named Guy E. Holman, who has for five years past been engaged in the automobile business.

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Mr. Holman was born February 12, 1877, and is a son of Edward Holman, who is an undertaker and one of the early settlers of Portland. He was reared in this city and educated in the public schools, where he evinced a taste for literature and study, which found further expression in the pursuit of higher branches at the University of Oregon. He became greatly interested in the automobile, and in 1904 entered the business, starting with a garage and as agent for the Elmore and Ford cars, introducing the latter in Portland. He met with great encouragement even at the beginning of his career, and was given exclusive agency for the Ford cars in this city in 1905 and 1906. He also introduced the Maxwell cars here and handled them for one season. In 1908 and 1909 he acted as salesman for the Pierce Arrow and Cadillac cars, and in the latter year became manager of the Stearns agency for the White Motor Car Company. He is now sales manager for the Stoddard-Dayton Automobile Company, his place of business being No. 86 Tenth street. Mr. Holman possesses the essential qualities of a successful salesman and has had a practical experience that is of vastly more benefit than theories. He keeps fully informed as to the latest development in the automobile industry, is progressive in his methods and, withal, is the happy possessor of a pleasing manner that makes and retains friends. An additional cause for his success is his close application and the careful thought he has given to all details of a business that has in recent years almost risen to the dignity of a profession.

On September 20, 1905, Mr. Holman was united in marriage to Miss Aimee Tingry, of Portland. One son, Edward, has been born to them. Mr. Holman was one of the first to take up the automobile business in Portland and by his recognized integrity and ability and through his own efforts, he has attained a goodly measure of success and has won the confidence and esteem of his associates and of the entire business community.

Bartholomew T. Soden

The Soden family, like the great majority of Oregon pioneers, were drawn to this district by the inducements held out to those who would become permanent settlers, extensive donation claims being granted to all such. The year 1852 witnessed the arrival of B. Soden, Sr., and his family in this country. His wife bore the maiden name of Annie Goodall, and both were natives of Ireland. Prior to coming to the United States the father had been engaged in teaching school in the Sandwich islands, and from that point made his way to California, spending a short time in the gold mines of that state. In 1853 he made his way northward to Oregon and took up a donation claim near Aurora but resided thereon for only a brief period, when he sold that property and bought a claim in Polk county, Oregon, upon which he spent his remaining days, devoting his time and energies to the development of a good farm. His death occurred in 1863, while his wife passed away about a year previous.

Bartholomew T. Soden, who was born in Tasmania, August 19, 1849, was but a small boy when his parents came to Oregon. His youth was largely passed upon the Polk county farm, and he experienced the hardships and privations which boys of that early day in the northwest were forced to undergo. He remembers well the Indians who would visit the family home nearly every day and also that deer and other wild game was very plentiful at that time. There were few or no fences, upon the farms and great stretches of rich land were still unclaimed. Neighbors then lived miles apart and there were no railroad facilities, all shipments being made by water or pack trains.

Mr. Soden was only thirteen or fourteen years of age when his parents died, and for several years thereafter he made his home with his sister, Mrs. Sarah Hovenden, who was then living in Marion county, but is now a resident of Port- land. He attended the district schools in his youthful days and afterward engaged in teaching for one term in a country school in a district that is now included within the boundaries of East Portland. He later entered Corvallis College, from which he was graduated with the class of 1879, and subsequently he resumed teaching, being thus connected with the country schools of Marion county, Oregon, for several terms. He taught in all for about five years, and in 1882 he went to Oregon City, where he purchased an interest in what was then known as the old brick flour mill, which has long since passed out of existence but is well remembered by the older residents of Oregon City. He remained there for a little more than two years, acting as bookkeeper and office manager of the f^our mill, while in 1885 he established himself in business in Portland. He is today one of the best known business men on the east side, dealing in hay, feed, fiour, lime, cement, plaster and coal at No. 374 North Union avenue, at the corner of Schuyler street. He has been engaged in the feed business in Portland since 1885, starting in that line on East First street, between Stark and Oak streets. Later he built for his business a large warehouse near the same location and there continued until 1903, when he removed to No. 242 Russell street. For several years prior to 1903 he conducted business on both Russell street and East First street, having a warehouse in both locations, but in 1903 he concentrated his entire business in Russell street. In 1907 he erected his present large warehouse, which covers nearly a quarter of a block, and removed the business to its present location. He is accorded an extensive patronage, and has a trade which makes him one of the leading business men of the east side.

Mr. Soden was married in Portland to Miss Cora Wells, a daughter of George H. and Phoebe (Dresser) Wells, both of whom are living in East Portland. Her mother was born in Canada and from there removed to Beloit, Wisconsin, where she was married. Later Mr. and Mrs. Wells lived in Iowa, where Mrs. Soden was born, and for a time made their home in California, coming to Portland in 1879. Mrs. Soden was educated in the public schools of this city, and the Pacific University, and subsequently taught in the public schools here for four years. She is well known in musical circles through her connection with the Hassalo Congregational church choir and is acting as chairman of the music committee, both she and her husband being prominently identified with the work of the church. To them have been born five children, as follows : Lester Wells, a student of Portland Academy ; Mildred Helen and Frances, both attending high school ; Willard Randolph, who at the age of thirteen years, is yet a pupil of the grammar school ; and Raymond Bart, who died in early childhood.

In his fraternal relations Mr. Soden is a Mason and is in thorough sympathy with the beneficent purposes and principles of the craft. His interests, however, center in his business, to which he has devoted his energies for a quarter of a century, during which period he has enjoyed an unassailable reputation for commercial integrity as well as enterprise.

James G. Gauld

No man occupies a more enviable position in business circles in Portland than James G. Gauld, who, through many years of close and active connection with business interests, has proven at all times trustworthy and progressive, his initiative spirit formulating plans which have proven resultant in maintaining a substantial position for the interests with which he has been associated and which have constituted factors in Portland's splendid business record.

He was born at Old Meldrum, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, April 10, 1856, and acquired his education in the schools of that country and at the University of London. He began his business career with the Aberdeen Town & County Bank at Old Meldrum, going from there to the London & San Francisco Bank, Limited,

The City Of Portland 621

London, one of the mediums of exchange which connected the financial interests on the Pacific coast and the old world. Mr. Gauld was with the London & San Francisco Bank, Limited, for twenty-eight years. He remained in the world's metropolis until sent by the bank to San Francisco in the latter part of

In 1890 he came to Portland and continued in the banking business until 1900, when he went to Tacoma as manager of the London & San Francisco Bank, Limited, at that place, later organizing a branch at Seattle, and he stayed with that institution until ill health compelled him to resign. For four years he was confined to his home in Portland, being obliged to discontinue active connection with business interests. On February 5, 1906, The Gauld Company, dealers in machinery, mill, plumbing and steam supplies was incorporated by Mr. Gauld and his brother.

It was in the year 1885 that Mr. Gauld was united in marriage to Miss Alice D. Van Winkle, of San Francisco, a daughter of I. S. Van Winkle, one of the pioneers of California. They have one daughter, Isabella, who is a graduate of Smith College. Mr. Gauld's home, one of the most beautiful residences of the city, is at the head of King street. He and his family are members of the First Presbyterian church of Portland and he belongs to Pacific Lodge, No. 136, A. F. & A. M., of San Francisco.

In politics he is independent, voting as his judgment dictates, with a view to promoting the best interests of the community at large. He has ever based his activity in business aflFairs upon strict integrity and close application, and his success represents the wise use of his time and talents combined with a ready recognition of opportunity.

John Hall

John Hall, a farmer living at Myrtle Creek, Oregon, came to this state during the pioneer epoch in its history. He was born upon a farm in Champaign county, Ohio, October 3, 1837, a son of Thomas R. Hall, who was likewise born in the Buckeye state and was a representative of one of its early families. John Hall came to the Pacific coast when nineteen years of age, crossing the plains after the slow, tedious and toilsome manner of travel in those days. He first made his way to California, where he engaged in mining, and later came north to Oregon. He found himself here among strangers, and the necessity of the case demanded that he gain immediate employment. He located in Cow Creek valley and turned his attention to mining. About 1861 he went to Idaho, where he also followed mining, but afterward returned to Oregon and settled on Myrtle creek, turning his attention to farming, which he has followed to the present time. His has been a life of industry and well directed thrift, and whatever success he has enjoyed has come to him as the direct result and sequence of his own labors.

On the 3d of October, 1862, John Hall was united in marriage to Miss Susannah Weaver, a daughter of Hans Weaver, who came to this state in 1853 from Washington county, Illinois, where his daughter, Mrs. Hall, was born. Unto this marriage there were born seven children: William T. ; James R., who is living in the vicinity of Myrtle Creek ; Harriett Ann, who married Charles W. Davis, of Salem ; Emma M., the wife of Charles D. Buick, of Silver Lake, Oregon; Florence D., the wife of Dr. A. C. Seeley of Roseburg; John, living at Silverton, Oregon; and Grace Pearl, the wife of Elmer E. Lutz, of Silver Lake, Oregon. The wife and mother died April 10, 1895, at the age of fifty-three years, and her death was deeply regretted by many friends who held her in high esteem because of her good qualities. The father was again married September 30, 1896, his second wife being Mrs. Florence D. Hall.

John Hall has filled several local offices, including that of county commissioner, to which he was elected in 1884, and was reelected in 1886, as a candidate on the democratic ticket. He has ever been a stalwart supporter of the democratic party, believing that its principles are most conducive to good government. He belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is the only living charter member of Myrtle Lodge No. 38, which was organized by six men. He came to Oregon in 1857, a year which brought many of the sterling pioneers to the northwest and through the intervening period of fifty-three years he has remained a resident of this section of the country, an interested witness of its growth and progress, and in as far as possible an active participant in its development.

William T. Hall

William T. Hall, a son of John Hall mentioned above, was born at Myrtle Creek, Oregon, January 11, 1864, and pursued his education in the district schools there, later attending the San Francisco Business College. He was reared on his father's farm and after completing his education he continued to work upon the farrn and also in a store at Myrtle Creek owned by the firm of Marks, Wollenburg & Company. Subsequently he went to Lake county, where he engaged in harvesting, and it was after this that he pursued his course in the San Francisco Business College. He then took up farming in connection with his father and so continued until 1891. In his early life he worked for Solomon Abraham, a pioneer merchant of Roseburg, who afterward lived in the state of Washington for about fifteen years. Recently, however, he returned to Portland. In April, 1891, Mr. Hall was appointed mail clerk, which position he is now filling, his run being on the North Bank road between Portland and Spokane.

Mr. Hall was married January 11, 1899, at Spokane, Washington, to Miss Christina Jeanette Mcintosh, who was born at Owen Sound, Ontario, August i, 1871, and is a daughter of William and Catherine (Cameron) Mcintosh, who were of Scotch descent. Mr. and Mrs. Hall have one child, Myrtle J., born in Spokane.

Mr. Hall is a member of the Odd Fellows society, has passed all of the chairs in the subordinate lodge and was a delegate to the Grand Lodge in Portland in 1891. He also belongs to the Ancient Order of United Workmen. His political support is given to the democratic party, and when he was twenty-one years of age he served as justice of the peace and married a couple. A life-long resident of the northwest, he is largely acquainted with its history and is a worthy representative of one of the well known pioneer families.

Nineteen years of age W. G. McPherson established himself in the heating and ventilating business in Portland. During the time that has since elapsed, his business has continued and flourished, and the W. G. McPherson Company is recognized today as one of the permanent institutions of the city, whose affairs have been conducted in such a way as to gain the confidence of the public and to merit the standing it has attained.

Mr. McPherson is a native of Woodstock, Canada, born August 5, 1861. He is a son of John and Margery (Brown) McPherson, both of Scottish descent. His parents removing to Nebraska when he was quite young, the subject of this review received his education in the public schools of that state. After laying aside his school books he began working for himself and as a heating and ventilating engineer continued for a number of years, or until 1891, when he located in Portland. By strict attention to business and by fair dealing and energetic management, Mr. McPherson has built up a reputation for his firm that places it in the same class as the most favored business enterprises of the city. Consistent and conservative in his affairs, he is known as a safe adviser and a man who seldom undertakes anything unless he has carefully counted the cost.

On the 26th of October, 1882, at Schuyler, Nebraska, Mr. McPherson was united in marriage to Miss Marie Blakefield. Three children have blessed this union: Charles J., now of Portland, who is secretary of the W. G. McPherson Company and is married to Frances Bingham ; Robert G., of Portland, being treasurer of the W. G. McPherson Company; and Frederick J., who married Ola Nichols and lives in Portland, being manager of the steam department of the W. G. McPherson Company.

In politics Mr. McPherson is a democrat, and although his attention has been devoted to business rather than to political affairs, his abilities have been recognized by officials of the city, and he has served as a member of Mayor Lane's executive board from 1905 to 1909. He is identified with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Pythias, and the Masonic order, having attained the thirty-second degree in the latter organization. He also belongs to the Chamber of Commerce, the Commercial and Arlington Clubs, and as a recreation he devotes his attention to shooting. His home address is No. 1069 Thurman avenue.

For twenty years Mr. McPherson has been a resident of this city, and no one has watched with greater interest the progress that has taken place not only in Portland, but in all the Pacific coast region. In this progress he has performed his part, for any man who conducts an honorable business assists in the permanent welfare of the community, and it is through the operations of a great number of such men that a city is built. Mr. McPherson came to the land of the stars and stripes as a boy and grew up under its friendly protection. It being his adopted country, the United States of America has today no more patriotic citizen. By contributing the sturdy characteristics inherited from a line of worthy ancestry of the old country, he has assisted in the amalgamation now going on in the republic, by which according to many profound thinkers, a race will be produced the greatest the world has ever known.

Ephraim Gill

Ephraim Gill, a prosperous farmer of Multnomah county and also of Wasco county, this state, who came to Oregon thirty-two years ago and made no mistake in establishing himself in this favored region, is a native of Perkinsville, Indiana, born January 6, 1843. ^^ ^^s reared upon a farm and educated in the district schools and continued to live in Indiana until 1878, when he decided to take up his permanent residence in this state. He came direct to Portland and first located on a ranch near Sunnyside, which he rented for four years while he looked about for a permanent abode, living in the meantime on the site now occupied by the Old People's Home. Finally he purchased a farm six miles from the courthouse of Multnomah county and just outside the city limits on Barr Road. Here he erected an attractive home and commodious farm buildings and successfully conducted farming operations until 1901, when he removed to Dufur, Wasco county, on a promising ranch which he had in the meantime purchased. He still retains seventy-four acres of the original holding on Barr Road which is now in charge of members of the family. While living there he was for twelve years director of Russellville school and contributed as opportunity presented toward the advancement of the community.

In Indiana Mr. Gill was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Peck and seven children blessed the union : Frank M., who married Eva Dale, by whom he has two daughters, the family now residing at Dufur; James, who is now a member of the police force of the city of Portland and who married Miss Carin Peterson ; Edward and Raymond, both unmarried and living upon the old home place, where they raise seed quite extensively under the firm name of Gill Brothers and also are interested in truck gardening; Charles, who married Miss Hattie Markham and lives at Dufur; George, now living at Dufur; and Flora, now Mrs. William Faust of Dufur.

Raymond Gill has acquired quite a reputation among the farmers and is president of the Grange Fair Association. This district includes Multnomah and Clackamas counties and the association is one of the important organizations of this portion of the state and holds yearly fairs at Gresham. Mr. Gill is also overseer of Multnomah County Grange and a member of the United Artisans and Homesteaders. He is a prominent worker in fraternal circles and has been master artisan several terms. He is serving as a representative to the state legislature, being elected on the republican ticket.

Ephraim Gill in the various relations as head of the family, agriculturist and citizen has gained the confidence and esteem of his neighbors and the community with which he was for so many years identified. As he approaches the patriarchal age or three score and ten he is taking his ease and enjoying the fruits of a life of industry and devotion not only to the interests of his family but to the upbuilding of the city and state. It is men of this sterling character who are the foundation of all well regulated society and it has been the leading aim of the subject of this review to so train his children that they may contribute their share to the general fund that in the end is synonymous with everything that is pleasing to the ear and eye and comforting to the heart and may be expressed by the simple words, peace, honor and prosperity.

Dr. Robert Davis Wiswall, engaged in the practice of medicine and surgery in Vancouver, was born in Ballston Spa, New York, October 12, 1870, his parents being Henry and Mary (MacMullen) Wiswall. In his boyhood days his parents removed to Marshalltown, Iowa, and he was there reared and educated, pursuing his studies in the public schools of Marshall county and in the high school of Marshalltown. He also continued his education for a time at Mount Vernon, Iowa. On attaining his majority, in 1891, he came to the west, making his way to Vancouver in 1892.

His father also coming to this section of the country, the family have since figured in the development not only of Vancouver but the' surrounding districts and his father still lives upon a ranch near the city. His mother, however, passed away in 1882. His brother, Elmer A. Wiswall, was circuit judge of this district for one term, being elected to the office in 1894.

After coming to Vancouver Dr. Wiswall remained for two years, when, realizing the value of a superior education as a factor in business life and determining upon the practice of medicine as a life work, he entered the medical department of the University of Oregon at Portland, there pursuing a three years' medical course, which was completed by graduation in the class of 1897. Thus qualified for practice he located at La Camas, where he remained for five years. He then removed to Pendleton, Oregon, where he followed his profession for one year, after which he opened an office in Vancouver and has since engaged in the general practice of medicine. He is thoroughly acquainted M/ith the scientific basis upon which his work rests and is correct in the application of his knowledge to the immediate needs of his patients. Moreover, he is very careful in the diagnosis of a case and his labors on the whole have been attended with a gratifying measure of success when viewed from both a professional and financial standpoint. He also displays good business ability in other directions, is the owner of a ranch and is interested in horticulture. He is likewise one of the directors and a stockholder of the United States National Bank of Vancouver.

On the loth of May, 1900, Dr. Wiswall was married to Miss Laura A. West, of La Camas, Washington, a daughter of Charles T. West, of that place, and they have one son, Henry. In his fraternal relations Dr. Wiswall is connected with the Masons, the Elks and the Odd Fellows in their local organizations at Vancouver and is also a member of the Commercial Club of the city. He is a young man of enterprising spirit, of commendable ambition and of unfaltering enterprise and in his practice displays a sense of conscientious obligation which has made his work entirely satisfactory.

The Christian Brothers Business College

The Christian Brothers Business College of Portland has become one of the strong, growing and successful educational institutions of the northwest. It was dedicated by Archbishop Christie on the 29th of November, 1908. It is the successor of the Blanchet Institute, also conducted by the Christian Brothers, who have been in Portland since accepting the invitation of the late Archbishop Gross early in 1886, at which time they took charge of what was then known as St. Michael's College, a pioneers institution in which many men, now prominent in the life of the northwest, were educated. St. Michael's was founded by Father Fierens, and was opened August 21, 1871, the Rev. A. Glorieux, now bishop of Boise, Idaho, being first president. The school was conducted by the priests of the diocese until the close of the year 1885, when the Christian Brothers took charge. The first Brothers were three in number. Brother Aldrick, the principal, and Brothers Bertram and Michael. The principal was in poor health when he took charge. In the world he was Matthew McElroy, a native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In his youth his parents removed to California, and at the age of fourteen he entered the San Francisco Institute, conducted by the Christian Brothers. Following his graduation, he was employed in St. Mary's College in San Francisco, and afterward in St. Joseph's Academy at Oakland, and from Sacred Heart College of San Francisco he came to St. Michael's. He was a cultured gentleman and was eminently fitted mentally to be a teacher. For five years before coming to Portland he had been suffering with lung trouble, and three months after his arrival he passed away March 31, 1886. Brother Bertram next took charge and after two years was succeeded by Brother Michael, who was appointed president in 1888. He was an energetic and zealous teacher and remained president until 1892, when he was appointed president of St. Mary's College at Oakland, California. He was followed by Brother Lactain, who a year later was succeeded by Brother Lucius, who acted as director until September, 1898, and was followed by Brother George, who successfully managed the afifairs of the school for eight years. He was replaced by Brother Zenonian, who remained in charge for one year, and in August, 1907, came Brother V. Andrew, who is now in charge.