Portland, Oregon - Portland, Oregon, Its History and Builders : in Connection with the An (part 6 of 25)

On the morning of the 7th of July, about six o'clock, Mr. Cremen landed at San Francisco. It was largely a city of tents and rude cabins built upon the sand hills. After a short time he turned his attention to the grocery business, which he followed in that city for several years, after which he brought the stock of goods to Portland.

In 1861 Mr. Cremen was united in marriage to Miss Mary McGettigan, or Gatens, for so the name came to be spelled, the Irish form being dropped after the establishment of the family in America. Mrs. Cremen was born in St. Johns, New Brunswick, October 30, 1839, and came to California in 1857. Mrs. Cremen still has in her possession an interesting paper attesting the election of her husband to membership in Multnomah Fire Company, No. 2, a volunteer organization of which men who are recognized as among the most prominent and wealthy residents of the city were also members. He was likewise the first secretary of the Portland Hibernian Society, in which any man of Irish birth was entitled to membership. This was about 1859. He was also the secretary of the Washington Guards, the first military company organized in Portland. Thus associated with events of pioneer history, he well deserves representation in the annals of this city.

William David Fenton

William David Fenton, one of the foremost corporation lawyers of the Pacific northwest, ^hose success and leadership not only at the bar but in other walks of life are due largely to his fearless expression of his honest conviction, which has ever been one of his strong and sterling characteristics, has been a resident of Oregon for forty-five years, arriving in Yamhill county when a youth of twelve. His birth occurred upon a farm in Scotland county, Missouri, June 29, 1853, his parents being James Davis and Margaret Ann (Pinkerton) Fenton. He comes of Welsh and English ancestry on the paternal side, the family having been established in America about 1790. The Pinkertons, however, trace their American ancestry back to 1746, when representatives of the name came from Scotland to the new world and settled in North Carolina. James Davis Fenton was a farmer by occupation and followed that pursuit in Scotland county, Missouri, until, attracted by the favorable reports which he heard concerning the northwest, he brought his family across the plains from Missouri to Oregon, traveling according to the primitive manner of the times and establishing his home in Yamhill county, in what was still a pioneer district, where the hardships and difficulties of frontier life must be encountered in the eft'ort to develop a farm from land hitherto uncultivated.

William David Fenton, then a lad of twelve summers, bore his part in the arduous tasks of the farm but was not deprived of educational privileges which fitted him for labors of a wider scope. He had the opportunity of attending the Baptist College at McMinnville and afterward continued his studies in the Christian College at Monmouth, Oregon, where he was graduated in 1872. He was then a youth of nineteen years. Directing his labors into those channels which demand strong intellectuality, close application and keen analysis, Mr. Fenton prepared for the bar as a law student in Salem, Oregon, and in December, 1875, was admitted to practce. It was not until two years had passed, however, that he opened an office in Lafayette, Yamhill county, and entered upon the active work of his profession as a member of the firm of McCain & Fenton. They enjoyed a successful practice for three years and the partnership was then dissolved, Mr. Fenton being joined by a younger brother, with whom he was associated until 1885, when he went to Portland, attracted by the opportunities of the growing city. The death of his father in the following year, however, occasioned his return to Lafayette, where he remained from 1886 until 1889. In the latter year he opened a law office in Seattle but in June, 1890, returned to Portland, where he has since continued in the practice of law, winning a place in the foremost ranks of the corporation lawyers of this city. In June, 1891, he became counsel for the Southern Pacific Railroad in Oregon and a member of the law firm of Bronaugh, McArthur, Fenton & Bronaugh, an association that was main- tained until the death of the senior partner in 1897, at which time the firm of Fenton, Bronaugh & Muir was organized. The withdrawal of Mr. Bronaugh in 1900 left the firm Fenton & Muir and in 1901 Mr. Fenton entered upon an independent practice, in which connection a large clientage has been accorded him. While he continued in the general practice of law, he has largely concentrated his efiforts upon corporation law, in which field he is largely regarded as an authority in the northwest. While acting as counsel for the Southern Pacific lines in Oregon, he also represents in legal capacity the Amercan Steel & Wire Company, the Standard Oil Company, the Pacific Coast Biscuit Company, the Equitable Assurance Society of New York and various other corporations, all of which find him adequate in mastering the intricate problems of corporation

While his law practice occupies the major portion of his attention, Mr. Fenton is nevertheless recognized as one of the political leaders of Portland, giving his allegiance to the democratic party until 1896, when his opposition to the silver plank in its platform led him to throw the weight of his influence in favor of the gold standard policy, since which time he has labored effectively in the interests of the republican party. He was elected as a democrat to the state legislature from Yamhill county in 1876 and was the nominee of his party for congress in 1882, in which year he was defeated by a small majority. Two years later he was made a Cleveland elector, but his ambition is not in the line of officeholding, his practice being too extensive and of too important a character to permit of greater activity in political circles.

On the i6th of October, 1879, Mr. Fenton was united in marriage to Miss Katherine Lucas, of Monmouth county, Oregon. Their family numbers four children, namely: Dr. Ralph Albert Fenton, of Portland, and Dr. Horace B. Fenton, also of Portland, both graduates of the University of Oregon, the former taking his medical course at North Western in Chicago, the latter, at Johns Hopkins; Kenneth L. Fenton, a graduate of Yale in 1910 and a member of his father's legal staff; and William David, Jr., a lad of fifteen years.

The qualities which have gained Mr. Fenton's preeminence in the practice of law also make him a valued member of the different societies with which he is connected. In Masonry he has attained high rank, having taken the degrees of the consistory and the Mystic Shrine and one of the few thirty-third degree' Masons in Oregon. He also belongs to the Arlington Club of Portland and is a member of the Oregon Bar Association. A man of wide reading, thoroughly versed concerning the significant and vital questions of the day, his comprehensive understanding and his strong and forceful personality have made his labors an effective factor in all those fields to which he has directed his activity, and especially in the solution of those intricate problems upon which careful analysis must be brought to bear.

Mathias Spurgeon

Vancouver is the home of many men who are living retired - men whose business ability has carried them from a humble financial position to a place of affluence, now enabling them to rest from further labor. Such is the history of Mathias Spurgeon, who has reached the age of seventy-two years, and is enjoying the fruits of his former toil in a pleasant home in Vancouver. He was born in Iowa, April 22, 1838, and was reared there to the age of fourteen years. During that period he had had the privilege of attending school for only one winter. Both of his parents being dead, he sought the opportunities of the Pacific northwest, making his way first to Oregon territory and then crossing the river to Vancouver in November, 1852. The journey westward was made over the old Oregon trail with ox teams and a covered wagon. There were five families in the party and they traveled after the slow and tedious manner of the times, experiencing hardships and privations by want of pasturage and water for the stock. After reaching his destination, Mr. Spurgeon went to live with William Dillon, a pioneer settler, under whom he worked until twentyone years of age. He then made his way to the mountains and engaged in mining for a year, but was very unsuccessful. Subsequently he engaged in driving team for a year and thus made back the money he had lost in his mining venture. He afterward rented land which he cultivated for three years, during which period he saved enough to enable him to purchase the property, which consisted of one hundred and sixty acres. He still owns that place and one hundred acres that he purchased later, making a total of two hundred and sixty acres which return to him a good annual income. He continued to carry on farming and stock raising until 1905, and annually harvested good crops, while his stock also found a ready sale on the market. With advancing years he decided to put aside the more active duties of the farm and, renting his place, removed to Vancouver, where he built a home and lives retired. In the meantime, he had bought and sold much land in this vicinity, and had realized good returns from his investments.

On the 2 1 St of October, 1877, Mr. Spurgeon was married to Miss Olive Dillon, who was born in Oregon and is a daughter of Jeremiah and Roxie Dillon, early pioneer settlers of this locality. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Spurgeon have been born the following named sons and daughters: Mrs. C. W. Nickols, of Vancouver; Mrs. H. Brooks, who has two children: Dean and Dale; John, who is engaged in fruit-raising in Vancouver; Mathias O., who is married and has one child, Olive Alice, and is the proprietor of a confectionery store in the same city ; and Leo and Gerald, at home.

Mr. Spurgeon is a member of the Grange of Vancouver. He has never regretted his determination to seek the opportunities of the northwest. His early youth was a period of earnest, unremitting toil, and in fact on the guide posts of his life he has always found the word labor. What he has undertaken he has carried forward to success, and it is this which now numbers him among the substantial pioneer residents of his adopted city.

Samuel Sherlock

The life history of Samuel Sherlock was the creditable record of a selfmade man who, empty handed, faced the world at the outset of his business career but by skill at his trade, determination and close application worked his way upward, becoming in the course of years a leading wholesale harness manufacturer of Portland. He was born at New Ross, Ireland, about 1820 and his youthful days were spent amid the surroundings of town life in the community where his parents maintained their home. His education was acquired in the Erasmus Smith foundation schools and there he learned the harness maker's trade. The reports which reached him concerning the opportunities and advantages of the new world led him to seek a home in America and for a time he worked at New Haven, Connecticut, and at Newark, New Jersey. Owing to the fact that his brother William was a resident of Portland, he came to this city in the '50s by the water route and the isthmus of Panama, and his first work in this city was in making two side saddles. He was employed for a time by others but eventually established a harness shop of his own in connection with William Sherlock and Charles Bacon, who became the founders of what is now the George Lawrence Wholesale Saddlery Company. Mr. Sherlock continued to engage in the wholesale harness business until his death, which occurred on the 15th of July, 1876. While riding his horse one day he was thrown and the injuries sustained resulted in his death several days later, to the deep regret of

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Mr. Sherlock was a member of the Episcopal church and in politics was a republican. He held membership with the old guard fire department and was interested and active in support of many measures and movements which were elements in the city's early development and substantial progress. In business he was successful and died the possessor of a comfortable competence, although he came to Portland empty-handed.

Joseph A. Frizzell

Oregon is coming more and more to recognize the great debt which she owes to her pioneer settlers, those whose courage and determination enabled them to make the long and difficult journey across the plains and bear the hardships, privations and trials of pioneer life when this state was still a sparsely settled region. Among the early settlers was Joseph A. Frizzell, who arrived in Oregon in 1852. He was for many years engaged in stock-raising but spent his last days days in Portland. His birth occurred near Springfield, Missouri, March 9, 1843, his parents being Porter and Lilly (Porter) Frizzell. The father was a stockman and came to Oregon with his family in 1852, traveling by slow stages over the plains, his wagon drawn by oxen. It was a memorable year among the emigrants for cholera broke out all along the route and many died, so that the way was marked by new made graves almost from the Mississippi valley to the seaside. Porter Frizzell was the last victim of that dread disease, to which he succumbed after arriving in Oregon, his remains being interred in Sherman county. The mother succeeded in making her way with her large family of small children into the Willamette valley and settled near Bethel, in Polk county, where the sons and daughters were reared. The three brothers of our subject, William, Jason P. and George L., are living and one of the sisters, Mrs. H. M. McNary, is a resident of Portland, but another sister, Mrs. Alexander Holmes, has passed away.

Joseph A. Frizzell was the fourth in order of birth in this family. A location was made in Polk county, nine miles west of Salem, near the little town of Bethel, the mother taking up a donation claim in what was a wild and unsettled country. One of her relatives entered an adjoining claim and assisted her through the first year, but for a considerable period she and her family had a hard time. The eldest of the children was but sixteen and the youngest only two years of age. Joseph A. Frizzell and his older brother worked out breaking prairie with ox teams in order to obtain ready money with which to provide for the support of the family. The two elder boys made all of the rails to fence the place. As time passed one, however, things became easier, the prairie land was converted into productive fields and brought forth rich crops and the farm which is now a valuable property is still in possession of the youngest brother.

The educational advantages of Joseph A. Frizzell were necessarily very limited, but he became a practical business man, learning many valuable lessons in the school of experience, while reading and observation also broadened his knowledge. He remained upon the old homestead until about eighteen years of age. when he began mining at Florence, Nevada, following that pursuit for about two years. He then engaged with his brother William in teaming and freighting from The Dalles to Boise City, Idaho, carrying on that business for about three years, at the end of which time Joseph A. Frizzell purchased some sheep and settled upon a ranch in the wild country of Washington. The Indians were numerous but the white settlers were few. He devoted his attention to sheep for a few years and then turned his attention to cattle raising. Removing from Washington to Wheeler county, Oregon, he was thereafterward connected with the live-stock business in that locality up to the time of his death. He made his home upon his Wheeler county ranch until 1905, when the family went to Portland. Because of his live-stock, which he could not dispose of, he had to remain there for a time, and then joined his family in Portland, where he passed away on the 14th of May, 1910, his remains being interred in the Rose City Park cemetery.

It was on the 17th of October, 1872, in Salem, that Mr. Frizzell was united in marriage to Miss Polly A. Starbuck, a daughter of Elisha and Susan (Pierson) Starbuck, both of whom were natives of Hamilton county, Ohio. They came from Iowa to Oregon in 1863, crossing the plains and taking up their abode in Polk county, about four miles from Salem. The mother is now deceased, but the father is still living at the venerable age of ninety-two years. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Frizzell were born four children: Merritt L., a stockman of Condon, Oregon, who married Margaret Hardie and has five children, Ada, Riley, Frank, Jessie and Lester; Grace, the wife of Edward D. Payne, of Portland; Jessie, the wife of Edwin L. Steinhoff; and Blanch, who died in infancy.

Mr. Frizzell was a most considerate husband and father, who sought success that it might enable him to provide liberally for his family and give to them the comforts which make life worth living. During his residence in Wheeler county, his fellow townsmen, appreciating his worth and ability, called hirn to office, electing him to the position of county commissioner upon the republican ticket. It was said of him: "He was a good neighbor, always willing to help the needy, was a kind father and a friend to all." He took a deep interest in the history of the early days and at one time served as president of the Wheeler County Pioneer Society. When he removed to eastern Oregon the section in which he settled was an entirely undeveloped region and he took an active and helpful part in planting the seeds of civilization there. His life was, indeed, one of usefulness and his worth won him the strong and enduring attachment of family and friends.

John Barrett

Attracted to the Pacific coast with the hope of gaining a fortune in the mines, John Barrett met with but poor success in his search for the precious metal and turned his attention to the plumbing business, which trade he had previously followed in the east. Here he found an occupation in which his labors counted as tangible factors in the attainment of a most desirable result and in the passing years he became the foremost representative of this line of business in the Pacific northwest. In the sea-coast city of Liverpool, England, with its immense shipping interests, John Barrett was born on the 13th of April, 1831. His parents, John and Catherine (Rooney) Barrett, were both of Irish descent and birth, but died in England. At the usual age their son John was sent to school and gave much of his attention to his lessons in Liverpool until seventeen years of age, when a spirit of adventure and desire to see the world caused him to run away from home in company with a young friend who later died in California. They sailed for New York and arrived in Williamsburg, on Long Island, which has since been annexed to New York city. He there learned the plumber's trade and became a very fine workman. His friend went to California about two and a half years after they landed in the United States, but Mr. Barrett continued to work at his trade in the east until about 1855, when he went to South Carolina, joining a brother Edward, who was captain of a packet ship. Later Edward Barrett died from the yellow fever and John Barrett also contracted the fever from nursing his brother, but recovered. He then returned to New York where he remained until 1861, when he started for the Pacific coast, making his way by the water route to Panama and, crossing the isthmus, he embarked on the western coast for San Francisco. Soon after reaching that city he and a number of men went to the Fraser river mines. He followed mining for a short time but with poor success and made his way to Portland, where he met a number of men bound for the Idaho mines. He bought about one thousand dollars worth of supplies and went with them. He followed mining that season - this was about the year 1862 - but again he had bad luck and returned to Portland, where for one winter he engaged in clerking for the old Howard Hotel. In the spring he entered the employ of C. H. Meyer & Company, plumbers, with whom he continued until 1867, when he formed a partnership with John Donnerberg, a fellow workm.an in the employ of Meyer & Company. They opened a plumbing shop on First street near Yamhill, and there engaged in business together for about four years. At that time they dissolved partnership and Mr. Barrett established an independent business on First street. He was numbered among the leading plumbers of the city until 1893, when he sold out to Crane & Company. In fact he had built up a very extensive business, the largest in the Pacific northwest. He had a contract for all the plumbing work for the old Oregon Steam Navigation Company and he was also one of the first men to be identified with the great sewer system of Portland. His expert workmanship was the source of his success and as his trade increased so that he found it necessary to employ others, he was always careful to secure the services of those who could do satisfactory work. Moreover he was interested in a number of other business projects of Portland in the early days but in the widespread financial panic of 1893 he lost quite heavily.

Throughout the period of his residence in Portland Mr. Barrett took an active and helpful part in promoting those projects which wrought for public progress and improvement. He was a very prominent member of the old volunteer fire department, No. 2, joining this soon after his arrival in Portland. He had previously been a member of the fire department of New York city. In politics he was a stalwart republican but would never hold office, preferring to do his public duty as a private citizen. His religious faith was that of the Catholic church and he was a most zealous advocate of the cause.

With the beginning of the year 1865 Mr. Barrett established a home of his own by his marriage on the ist of January, in the old St. Mary's Catholic church of Portland, to Miss Margaret O'Connor, a daughter of Thomas G. and Alice (Slattery) O'Connor, both of whom were of Irish lineage. The mother died at Denison, Iowa, where they were the first white family to locate. Mrs. Barrett was born at Lebanon Springs, New York, and on the 12th of March, 1863, arrived in Portland in company with her father and two brothers, Michael and John. The former is now a merchant of Olympia, Washington, while the latter, who was associated in business with Mr. Barrett for a number of years, is deceased. Her father served as deputy under Marshall Hoyt and was killed while on duty. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Barrett were born seven children: John F., of Portland, who married Julia Beason and has four children, John F., Joseph G., Elizabeth and Katherine, the last two being twins ; Katherine A., the wife of Thomas H. McAllis, of Portland, by whom she has one son, John B. ; Thomas W., who graduated from the medical department of the Columbia College of New York and was for six years a successful physician of Portland, whose career was terminated by death ; Joseph M., of this city ; Edward D., of Portland, who wedded Elizabeth Elliott ; Inez, at home ; and Rodney G., who died in infancy. The family are all members of the Catholic church and Mrs. Barrett belongs to the Ladies' Aid Society and the Altar Society. She was also one of the charter members of St. AInn's Society. After disposing of his plumbing business in 1893 Mr. Barrett lived retired until his death, which occurred September 12, 1910, his remains being interred in Riverview cemetery. He left considerable real estate for as the years passed and his financial resources increased he had made judicious investments in property. The spirit of enterprise and progress actuated him at all times and was manifest not only in his business affairs but also in his connection with Portland as a citizen and as a supporter of measures that tended to promote the political, intellectual, social and moral progress of the community.

W. H. H. Morgan

W. H. H. Morgan, residing in Portland and engaged in the live stock business, was born December 8, 1840, in Ohio, a son of Edward and Mary (Shirley) Morgan. The father was born in London and the mother, a native of Virginia, was of German descent. They were among the early settlers of Ohio and in his native land Edward Morgan learned and followed the shoemaker's trade. He was married in that country and with his wife and three children came to the United States when about thirty years of age. Subsequently he lost his first wife and wedded Mary Shirley. In Ohio he followed the occupation of farming and thus provided for his family, which numbered altogether twenty-two children, born of the two marriages.

After living in the Buckeye state Edward Morgan removed to Iowa, where he resided for two years. In 1845 he started across the plains with ox teams to the far west, traveling with a large wagon train which slowly wended its way toward the Pacific coast, six months elapsing before the end of the journey. Mr. Morgan at length reached Linnton, Oregon, which lies just across the river from St. Johns and within a few miles of Portland. There was only one log cabin on the present site of Portland at that time. Mr. Morgan located in the center of Sauvie's island, where he took up six hundred and forty acres of land as a donation claim. Later, however, he sold that property and in 1850 removed to the farm which is now owned by his son, W. H. H. Morgan. At that time he secured six hundred and forty acres of land, for which he paid one hundred dollars. This place is fourteen miles north of Portland. At that time there were comparatively few white men in this section and most of them had squaw wives. Mr. Morgan built a house of hewed cottonwood logs. In the family at that time there were the parents and seven children. They had two yoke of cattle and one cow. The log cabin remained the home of the family for about eight years, after which Edward Morgan built a frame dwelling, purchasing the lumber from Mr. Wells at Milwaukie. Later his son, whose name introduces this review, erected a fine residence upon the farm. The father died in 1872 at the ripe old age of eighty-four years, and the mother passed away in 1875 at the age of sixty-six years. In politics he was a very strong abolitionist in ante helium days and when the republican party was formed to prevent the further extension of slavery into the north he joined its ranks. However, he would never consent to hold office but in other ways did all he could to promote the success of his party and secure the adoption of its principles. He was a lifelong and devoted member of the Baptist church and always lived in consistent harmony with his professions. He always followed farming after coming to Oregon but at length sold his place about fourteen miles from Portland and removed to Clackamas county, while later he became a resident of Washington county. A daughter of the family, Mrs. Julia Ann Freeman, is now living in Portland, while another daughter, Mrs. Katherine Dunn, lives on Sauvie's island and still another one, Mrs. Lucinda Boynton, is living in the Willamette valley. A son, George, makes his home in Washington county and Edward in Roseburg, Oregon, while still another daughter, Mrs. Sarah Ott, is living near Fort Madison, Iowa, at the very advanced age of eighty-nine years.

W. H. H. Morgan, brought to Oregon in 1845, was reared amid the wild scenes and environment of pioneer life. The river courses of the state made their way between banks upon which great pine forests grew and through the forests the Indians roamed at will, far outnumbering the white settlers who had ventured into the western wilderness to plant the seeds of civilization here. The unsettled and undeveloped condition of the country was such that Mr. Morgan had practically no school privileges. The homes of the settlers were too far distant from each other to permit of public schools being maintained and the education which Mr. Morgan has acquired has come to him through his reading, observation and broadening experience. He has always followed farming and stock-raising and in the fall of 1864 he purchased one-half of his father's farm and later bought the other half of his brother-in-law, so that he is now the owner of the old homestead property.

It was on the 30th of April of that year, at Vancouver, Washington, that Mr. Morgan was united in marriage to Miss Sarah E. Orchard, a daughter of Jesse C. and Minerva Ann (Medford) Orchard. She was born in Texas and in 1852 came over the plains with her parents to Oregon, the journey being made with ox teams. Her father had followed farming in Texas and on reaching this state settled in Polk county, where he resided until 1862, when he came to Multnomah county. Here he took up one hundred and sixty acres of land, which he cultivated for a time, but later sold that property and removed to eastern Oregon, his death occurring in that part of the state. His wife passed away in Washington. Of their children Mrs. America Ann Thomas lives in Portland, while James A. and Jasper are residents of Washington and two sons, John O. and Oscar, are in California. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Morgan was blessed with eleven children: Charles C, who died in childhood; Elmina, the wife of David Kurtz, of Portland, and the mother of two children - Roy and Alma ; Nellie B., at home ; Nettie, the wife of Verne Jeffrott, of Portland, by whom she has one son, Morgan; Daisy, at home; Luella, the wife of W. S. Copeland, of Sauvie's island; Alba, of Portland, who married Madge Kay and has one son, William K. ; Laura, the wife of Amor C. Spencer, of Portland, and the mother of one child, Helen E. ; Newton, of Portland, who married Bessie Monroe; and two who died in infancy. V";:.;, '^..l,;. ..

In his political views Mr. Morgan has always been a republican but the honors and emoluments of office have had no attraction for him. He lived a busy and useful life upon the farm which he still owns and which has been in possession of the family for sixty years. At length he retired from farming in 1897 and took up his abode in Portland. Previous to this time he would spend the summer months upon the farm and the winter seasons in Portland in order to give his children the benefit of educational advantages here oflfered. In 1906 he erected a fine residence on Hawthorne avenue, where he now resides. Few have longer been residents of Oregon than Mr. Morgan, who since 1845 has lived within the borders of the state, which, however, was under territorial government at the time of his coming and included the state of Washington. At that day wild beasts and birds dwelt unmolested in the forest and the white man had disputed with the Indian to only a slight extent concerning the ownership of the land. The great, vast regions of the state were unclaimed and Portland, the beautiful Rose City of the present, had then but a single house - a log cabin. Mr. Morgan has therefore been a witness of the entire development of the city and along agricultural lines has contributed to the upbuilding and progress of this section. He is indeed an honored resident of the northwest.

At the time of his death, which occurred in Portland July ir, 1905, Dr. John Welch was one of the oldest and one of the most successful dental practitioners of the Willamette valley. He had followed his profession in both Oregon City and Portland and at all times had kept in touch with the advancement made by representatives of the dental fraternity, both in the work of the operating room and in the manufacture of dental appliances and supplies. It was not alone his business ability or his professional skill, however, that gave him a place with the prominent residents of Portland, but also the social qualities, enterprising spirit and progressive citizenship which at all times were strongly developed characteristics of his life. He was born in Mineral Point, Wisconsin, on the 13th of September, 1836, a son of William and Jane (Bogges) Welch. His father, a native of Virginia, was reared in the usual manner of farm lads and devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits until 1833. At that time excitement was running rife concerning the discovery and development of the lead mines in Wisconsin and he removed to Mineral Point, where he was connected with mining interests until 1838. In that year he became a resident of Camanche, Iowa, and again took up the occupation of farming which he followed until 1850. In early manhood he had wedded Miss Jane Bogges, a native of Kentucky. Their children were largely reared upon the Iowa farm to which William Welch devoted his time and energies until 1850 when, accompanied by his son John, he started for California, crossing the plains with horse teams. They completed the journey between the Missouri river and Placerville, California, in just ninety days - a remarkably short trip - for it usually required five or six months for the wagon trains to cover the same ground. The father and son at once went to the mines and were engaged in a search for the precious metal for four years, at the end of which time they returned by way of the isthmus of Panama to their Iowa home. In 1863 the father once more crossed the plains, again driving horses. This time, however, Oregon was his destination and he was accompanied by his family, for he had determined to take up his permanent abode in the northwest. They traveled by easy stages until at the end of five months they reached Clackamas county where Mr. Welch secured land, becoming identified with the agricultural interests of the Willamette valley. He remained a respected farmer of that locality up to the time of his death.

Dr. Welch, spending his youthful days in his parents home, had supplemented his early public school education by study in the Rock Island (Illinois) Seminary. He determined upon a professional career and took up the study of dentistry in the office and under the direction of Dr. W. J. Lawrence, of Lyons, Iowa, with whom he remained for a year. In 1857 he located for active practice in Chillicothe, Missouri, and later followed his profession in Georgetown, Missouri. He was married on the 17th of April, 1859, to Miss j Elizabeth Clements, of Fairview, Missouri, and soon afterward they went to ii Chicago where Dr. Welch resumed his studies in the office of Dr. E. Carpenter, an eminent dentist of that city. He studied and piacticed in Chicago until 1863 ; when he and his family accompanied his father and family on the removal to 1 Oregon. i

Dr. Welch opened an office in Oregon City and concentrated his entire en- | ergies upon his practice there until 1870 when, noting the substantial growth j and development of Portland, he also began practicing in the latter city. He continued both offices but lived in Oregon City until 1888 when he purchased I a residence at the corner of Sixteenth and East Everett streets, where he lived Jf until his death and which was the family home for twenty years. Dr. Welchj maintained his office for fourteen years in the Union block, at the comer off First & Stark streets and followed both operative and mechanical dentistry.] He also carried a stock of dental goods and had a branch establishment at] Spokane, Washington, in order to supply the trade of the northwest. He was] regarded as a highly skillful dentist and continually promoted his efficiency] through reading and investigation, keeping in touch with the most advanced! work of the dental fraternity throughout the country. In his later years he was one of the oldest practitioners of Portland and ever maintained his place] as the foremost representative of the profession.

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Unto Dr. and Mrs. Welch were born the following children: Dr. William Edward, who married Julia Smith and practices his profession at Rainier, Oregon; Robert Sterling, who became a dentist but is now deceased; John C, of Portland, who married Alice Wallace and had three children, Mary A., John W. and Margaret J. ; Henry, who wedded Fanny Hendren and lives near Hillsboro, Oregon ; Frank P., who is a dentist, married Elizabeth Mock, but is now deceased; Catherine J., the wife of Dr. Cawood, of Portland, and the mother of two children, John R. and Elizabeth ; Reuben ; Anna Elizabeth, the wife of George H. Tuttle, of Portland; and Benjamin T., at home.

Dr. Welch was laid to rest in Riverview cemetery. His death was indeed a deep blow to his family, to whom he had ever been a devoted and loving husband and father. He was also a loyal member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, was one of the organizers of the state board of dental examiners and was appointed one of the four members of that body. He held to high professional standards and to lofty ideals of citizenship and of manhood, and thus won for himself an exalted position in the regard and friendship of those with whom professional and social relations brought him in contact.

Charles H. Dye

Charles Henry Dye's first ancestor in America was a Dane who came with the Dutch founders of New Amsterdam, and Dey street. New York city, is named for the family cow pasture on the island of Manhattan. A grandson, Andrew Dey, or Dye as it came to be spelled, went to Maryland and there married Sarah Minor, own cousin to the wife of George Washington, and Colonel Dye's place was Washington's headquarters, mentioned in Irving's Life of Washington. At the close of the war, in lieu of money, the Revolutionary veterans were paid in Ohio lands, and Andrew Dye moved to Miami county, Ohio, where he lived until 1835. Four years later, in 1839, Henry Dye, father of the subject of our sketch, emigrated from the Ohio home to the newly opened Black Hawk Purchase in Iowa, where, on a farm near Fort Madison, in August, 1856, Charles Henry Dye was bom, next to the youngest of a large family of brothers and sisters.

In 1878 Charles H. Dye graduated from Denmark Academy, Iowa, and entered Oberlin College, Ohio, where he won oratorical honors and graduated with distinction in 1882, and a week later was married to his college classmate, Eva L. Emery. After six years in school work, as principal of a high school and an academy, Mr. Dye entered the law department of the State University of Iowa at Iowa City, graduating in 1889 and winning the prize for the best legal thesis of that year. Settling in Oregon City in 1890, Mr. Dye immediately identified himself with the best interests of the community and has held the offices of deputy district attorney, city attorney and representative in the state legislature, where among other bills he introduced an act known as the union high school law, now in successful operation throughout the state of Oregon.

Mr. Dye was president of the Oregon City Board of Trade for some years, until it was merged into the present Commercial Club of Oregon City, of which he is an active member. In both organizations Mr. Dye has always been identified with the movement for good roads and all other public improvements. Mr. and Mrs. Dye were the originators of the Willamette Valley Chautauqua Association that grew out of a Chautauqua circle at their home in 1894 and has now developed into the largest and most popular educational assembly in Oregon, of which association Mr. Dye has been an executive officer from the beginning.

Politically Mr. Dye has been a consistent advocate of clean politics, a republican and a believer in the idea that laws should be made and administered for the protection of the weak rather than to aid the strong, that at present laws are enacted too largely to protect property rather than to aid all men to have an equal opportunity, that the rich and strong will take care of themselves, the poor and the weak need the protection of organized society ; he believes, too, that the saloon is a public menace and should be suppressed by law. In the advocacy of this and other public causes, he has spoken in almost every precinct of Clackamas county, and for twenty years has been before the public as a lawyer who settles difficulties rather than encourages litigation. In connection with his practice he has built up a reputation for business ability and unimpeachable integrity. He is a member of the Congregational church, where for many years he was a superintendent of the Sunday school and is now teacher of its Bible class for men.

Mr. and Mrs. Dye have four children: Emery C, born in 1884, was graduated from Oberlin College in 1905; Trafton M., born in 1886, was graduated from Oberlin College in 1906, from the law department of Columbia University, New York city in 19 10, and is now a practicing attorney in Portland, Oregon; Everett W., born in 1896; and Charlotte Evangeline, born in 1897.

Eva Emery Dye

Eva Emery Dye was born in the old town of Black Hawk's Indian prophet, Prophetstbwn, Illinois, shortly before the breaking out of the Civil war. Her first poem was written at eight years of age and at fifteen she began to be known as "Jennie Juniper," in the local press of Illinois and Chicago. Deciding even then upon literature as a life work, in 1874 she went to Oberlin College, Ohio, graduating in 1882, after seven years of classical study, including the usual courses of literature, history, mathematics, Latin, French and German, with Greek as a major throughout. Miss Emery, who was called the "poet laureate" of the college, wrote the Latin class song and in due time received the degrees A. B. and A. M.

One week after graduation she was married to her class-mate, Charles H. Dye, of Fort Madison, Iowa, and removing to that state was able to devote but fragments of her time to fugitive verses until 1890, when Mr. Dye took up the practice of law in Oregon City, Oregon. Amid the general cares of wife, mother and housekeeper, Mrs. Dye wrote "McLoughlin and Old Oregon," published in June, 1900. This book met with instant recognition from the best literary critics of the country and is now in its seventh edition. Two years later "The Conquest, The True Story of Lewis and Clark," appeared, thousands of copies selling before it left the press. Sacajawea, the heroine of this book, was hailed as a second Pocahontas, and the foremost sculptors of America have vied in chiseling statues in her honor. First Bruno Louis Zimm, of New York city, was commissioned by the Louisiana Purchase Exposition to prepare a statue for the St. Louis Fair in 1904. The noted sculptor spent a year in special preparation, visiting Wyoming and studying the Shoshone tribe, to which Sacajawea belonged. A second statue, cast in bronze, costing seven thousand dollars was designed by Alice Cooper, a pupil of Lorado Taft, after directions outlined by Mrs. Dye. This statue, (see frontispiece) erected by the women of the northwest, in honor of the brave Indian girl and pioneer mother who led Lewis and Clark through the mountains of the continent, was unveiled at the Lewis and Clark Fair in July, 1905, and now stands in the City Park of Portland, Oregon. A third statue, to which the legislature of North Dakota appropriated fifteen thousand dollars, was modeled by Leonard Crunelle, and unveiled in May,

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1910, on Capitol Hill as Bismarck, North Dakota. The grave of Sacajawea has been located at the Wind River Indian agency in Wyoming and a bronze tablet was unveiled there in March, 1910. Petitions, originating in New York city, have been sent to the secretary of the treasury for a vignette of Sacajawea upon the new bank notes to be issued by the government. The Montana Daughters American Revolution, have a movement on foot to secure a statue, and the Sacajawea Chapter, D. A. R. of Olympia, Washington, are also preparing to raise a monument in her memory. There is also talk of a statue in Idaho, where Sacajawea is supposed to have been born. Other statues have resulted from "The Conquest," among them a fountain to Chief Paducah, by Lorado Taft, erected by the women of the Kentucky town, Paducah, after consulting with Mrs. Dye concerning that notable Indian mentioned in "The Conquest ;" also one to Chief Mahaska, in Iowa, and several to George Rogers Clark, and other leading figures in that epic of our national life. In time, Mrs. Dye hopes to see every character mentioned commemorated with a heroic statue by the respective states to which they belonged.

In 1906 Mrs. Dye's third book was published, "McDonald of Oregon, A Tale of Two Shores," recounting the actual adventures of Ranald McDonald, whose break into Japan, where he taught the first school in English, prepared the way for Commodore Perry. After a sale of forty thousand copies, Mrs. Dye's publishers, A. C. McClurg & Company, of Chicago, are preparing new editions of these standard works. Altogether, Mrs. Eva Emery Dye has done more than any other writer since Irving to popularize the dramatic story of the new northwest. She is now engaged upon a tale of "Old Oregon and Hawaii."

Henry Albers

Along the line of constructive effort Henry Albers has directed his labors and through the development of one of the important productive industries of Portland has come to be recognized as a leading business man of the city, being now president of the Albers Brothers Milling Company. He was born at Lingen in the province of Hanover, Germany, April 13, 1866. His father, Hermann Albers, was a grain merchant at that place and in 1895 came to America, settling at Portland. He was taken ill when en route, so that he did not engage in business here and his death occurred in this city in 1896. He was accompanied by his family of five sons and one daughter: Bernard, who for a short time engaged in the grocery business and then established the Albers Brothers Milling Company, of which he was president until his death in 1908; Henry and WilHam, both of Portland; George, of Seattle ; Frank, of San Francisco ; and Mrs. Frank Terheyden, of this city. The mother, whose maiden name was Theresa Voss, had died in Lingen about 1878.

Henry Albers was educated in the public schools of his native city to the age of fifteen years, when he began learning the flour milling buisness, in which he has since been engaged. Coming to America in 1891, he was associated with his brother Bernard and with Thomas Schneider in establishing in May, 1895, a cereal mill across the street from their present location. The business was organized as the Albers-Schneider Milling Company. After three years they removed to their present site and a short time subsequent the Albers brothers purchased the interest of Mr. Schneider. In 1901 George. Frank and William Albers, who had been in the employ of the company since its inception, became members of the firm, which was then reorganized under the name of the Albers Brothers Milling Company. Bernard Albers died in 1908. at whch time Henry Albers became president. The other officers are William Albers, vice president ; George Albers, secretary; Frank Albers, treasurer; and Joseph Demming, together with the other officers, a director. They began the enterprise on a small scale, having a little mill that Henry Albers operated alone, Bernard Albers attending to the office and business. Three years later they purchased a new mill, which they installed with modern machinery in order to meet the increase in business. In 1902 their plant was destroyed by fire and their present building was erected for them. In 1900 they leased a mill in Seattle, of which George Albers has charge, thus extending the scope of their activities. In 1902 they purchased the mill at Seattle and also one in Tacoma, of which Frank Albers had charge until 1909 and which they are still operating. In January, 1909, they purchased a mill in San Francisco, which is operated under the name of the Del Monta Milling Company, now the Albers Brothers Milling Company, and Frank Albers went to that city to assume the management there. They likewise have a branch store in Oakland and they own a dock in Portland, known as the Albers Docks Nos. i, 2 and 3, covering six hundred feet. Since 1902 they have given their attention principally to the manufacture of cereals, their principal brands being Violet Oats. Pearls of Wheat, Columbia Oats, Columbia Wheat, Violet Wheat and many other package cereals as well as all kinds of grain products. Their Peacock buckwheat flour is one of the most successful. They are now erecting a new plant at Front and Lovejoy streets, which will have one thousand feet of water front and the building will be six stories in height. This will be the largest enterprise of the kind on the Pacific coast. Two hundred and fifty workmen are employed and the business is continually growing along healthful, substantial lines.

Mr. Albers is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and the Commercial Club and is interested in all the projects and plans of those organizations for the development and improvement of Portland and for the exploitation of its resources. He also holds membership in the Rotary Club, in the Elks lodge and with the Knights of Columbus and is a member of the Roman Catholic church. He gives his political support to the republican party but has never been an office seeker. In 1901 he paid a visit to his birthplace and made a trip throughout Europe and he plans to spend more time in travel. Of plain, unassuming manner, pleasant and courteous, his social qualities and genuine worth are widely recognized and have made him popular with a large circle of friends. His business ability has placed him at the head of the most prominent milling company of the northwest, the success of which is attributable in no small degree to his efforts, for he has been connected therewith since the inception of the business.

Captain James W. Shaver

In Captain James W. Shaver is found a representative in the second generation of the Shaver family closely identified with the development and progress of the northwest. He has made his home in Portland almost continuously from the age of six months, and for a long period has been closely associated with navigation interests as the head of the Shaver Transportation Company. This company has owned and operated its own boats and Captain Shaver as secretary and treasurer of the company is now devoting his attention to the management of its interests which are of large importance, having reached extensive proportions. It is true that he entered upon a business already established, but in increasing its activities and enlarging its scope he has displayed notable individuality and business ability as manifest in powers of organization and also in the correct solution of difficult navigation problems.

A native of Oregon, Captain Shaver was born at Waldo Hills within five miles of Silverton, October 2, 1859. His father, George Washington Shaver, was born in Campbell county, Kentucky, March 2, 1832, and received a fair education in the schools of that state. He was a young man at the time of the removal of the family to Missouri, and it was while living in that state that his keen interest was awakened in the west and its future prospects. Attracted by the discovery of gold in California, he crossed the plains with a party who traveled with ox teams and wagons in 1849. They made the long and tedious journey across the plains and through the mountains and at length their eyes were gladdened by the sight of the green valleys of California. A desire for gold drew him to the west, but he did not meet with the success he anticipated in his search for the precious metal, and his failure in mining ventures led him to turn his attention to southern Oregon, where he likewise tried mining for a time. On the 2d of February, 1854, however, Mr. Shaver arrived in Portland and in this city he was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Dixon, a daughter of a pioneer, with whom he returned to his farm in Marion county. While they were living upon the farm four children were born unto them and six others were added to the family after they became residents of Portland in i860, their home at that time being established in what was known as the Elizabeth Irving addition. The children were as follows : John R., who was sheriff of Clackamas county and was shot in the performance of his duty, dying at Oregon City ; Mrs. Alice Wittenberg, of Portland ; James W. ; Lincoln, who is captain and chief engineer of the Shaver Transportation Company; George M., who is a partner in the same company ; Delmar, who is actively interested in its management; Pearl, the wife of George Hoyt, of Portland; and Susie, the wife of A. S. Heintz, also of this city.

The father engaged in business as a dealer in wood and for many years furnished that commodity to the steamboats making the trip between Portland and San Francisco. He also supplied the wood used as fuel on river boats and barges and thus one by one the timber tracts of the region were cleared, Mr. Shaver probably cutting more acres of timber land than any man of his time. He also became interested in the transportation business as carried on by way of the rivers and was president of the Shaver Transportation Company, of which his son, James W. Shaver, became secretary and treasurer.

The death of George W. Shaver occurred October 26, 1900. A contemporary biographer said of him : "He was not only a man of sound business judgment and capacity for observation and action, but also in his character embodied all that is excellent and of good report. No worthy cause of Portland but profited by his generosity and large-heartedness ; no friend but was benefited by his counsel and assistance. To the end he retained in increasing measure the confidence of all with whom he was ever associated and to his family and friends he left the heritage of a good name."

Captain James W. Shaver, the second of the surviving sons of the family, was only six months old when his parents became residents of Portland, so that his education was acquired in the schools of this city. He was still quite young when he became interested with his father in business, both in the conduct of a livery stable in East Portland and the management of a large cord wood enterprise that embraced a woodyard in East Portland and also at the Shaver dock upon the river. At that time the sale of wood for fuel was one of the important industries, as it was used on all steamboats and transportation lines. This naturally drew the attention of Captain Shaver to the boating business, in which he embarked in 1880 in partnership with Henry Corbett and A. S. Foster. They purchased the business of Captain Charles Bureau and conducted the undertaking as the Peoples Freighting Company. Mr. Shaver became manager of the company and also captain of the Manzanilla, a river boat plying between Portland and Clatskanie. Not long afterward Captain Shaver purchased the interest of Mr. Foster in the business and Mr. Corbett withdrew, while George W. Shaver became a member of the firm. The business was then reorganized on the loth of June, 1893, under the name of the Shaver Transportation Company, with the father as president and the son as secretary and treasurer. In 1889 they built a boat which was called the G. W. Shaver, and in 1892 they placed upon the river the Sarah Dixon, named for Captain Shaver's mother.

Later the Manzanilla was sold, while the Shaver and Dixon performed all the work of the company until 1900, when they disposed of the Shaver. The same year, however, a towboat called No Wonder was purchased for towing logs and in 1901 the firm built the Henderson, also used for towing purposes. They built the new Dixon and the Wanna in 1906 and the new Shaver in 1908; bought the Cascades in 1909; and built a one hundred horse power launch, the Echo, in 1910. The company has a towing contract for twelve of the mills of Portland and its crafts are continuously seen upon the Columbia and Willamette rivers, performing an active and important part in the clearance of the enormous water business of the state, transporting the output of great lumber mills to their respective destinations. For a long period James W. Shaver was captain for the company but in later years has devoted his time to the business management, the firm having offices at the foot of Davis street. Familiar with every phase of river business, his carefully formulated plans are resultant factors in the achievement of success and have placed the Shaver Transportation Company in a conspicuously prominent position among the representatives of river interests in the northwest. He is also president and part owner of the Clatskanie Transportation Company.

Mr. Shaver was married in Portland in 1886 to Miss Annie Scholth, a representative of one of the pioneer families of the state. He belongs to the Woodmen camp and affiliates with the democratic party in national politics, but his interest and activity have chiefly centered upon his business aflFairs which, carefully guided, have reached a considerable magnitude. Among those familiar with his history he bears an unassailable reputation for business integrity, his record conforming at all times to the highest standard of business ethics and presenting no esoteric phase.

Ben Riesland

Although one of the younger members of the Oregon bar, Ben Riesland has gained gratifying recognition for his ability since coming to Portland. He was born in Two Rivers, Wisconsin, March 7, 1877, a son of Frederick W. and Caroline (Weisenborn) Riesland, who removed to a farm in Lac Qui Parle county, Minnesota, and Ben Riesland spent his early youth upon their farm there. Later his parents removed with their family to Bigstone, Grant county. South Dakota, where he attended the public schools, and later became a pupil in the high school of Ortonville, the county seat of Bigstone county, Minnesota. Subsequently he engaged in teaching in Grand Forks county, North Dakota, after which he completed his education at the university of that state and was about ready to graduate with the class of 1899, when an attack of typhoid fever obliged him to leave college.

Later in the year Mr. Riesland went to Seattle, Washington, and in February, 1900, came to Portland. Afterward he engaged in the real-estate business in Tillamook, Oregon, where he remained until 1903. when he returned to this city and published the Lewis & Clark Journal, the official bulletin of the fair. The fall of 1904 he engaged in the real-estate business, at the same time pursuing a law course at the University of Oregon, from which he was graduated in June, 1906, with the LL.B. degree. On the 20th of that month he was admitted for practice before the Oregon bar and on the 2d of December, 1907, before the United States courts. He has been engaged in active practice here since September, 1907, and although he engages in general practice, he is nevertheless making a specialty of real-estate and probate law. His professional duties, however, do not occupy his entire time and attention. In ^ 1910 he organized the Western Securities Company, of which he is the president, and which handles a large general real-estate, mortgage, loan and insurance business. He is also interested in various other enterprises.

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Mr. -,Riesland is an active republican, and has been identified with manypublic movements for municipal progress and upbuilding. He is president of the Seventh Ward League, of which he was one of the founders and was the first secretary of the United East Side Improvement Club. He is a member of the Young Men's Christian Association, and belongs to the county and state bar associations. Mr. Riesland has been recently appointed as member of the executive committee of the republican state central committee, and is very actively interested in politics. He is one of the organizers and was first president of the Forty-fifth Republican Club. The interests which figure most largely in his life are those which promote the development of the individual and the city, and are therefore equally helpful and worthy.

Mr. Riesland was married April 28, 1903, to Miss Emily Queen Kelty, of Portland, a niece of the late Harvey Scott, of whom a record appears on another page in this volume, and with their little son Carl, six years of age, they reside at No. 1198 Harold avenue.

Frederick Van Voorhies Holman

Frederick Van Voorhies Holman, attorney and counselor at law, who has been identified helpfully with the growth and development of Portland, was born in Pacific county, Washington, at a time when that section was still a part of the state of Oregon, his natal day having been August 29, 1852. His parents were James Duval Holman, a native of Woodford county, Kentucky, and Rachael Hixson (Summers) Holman, who was born in Fleming county, Kentucky, and was a daughter of Thomas Summers. The ancestry of the family is traced back to Thomas Holman, who came from England and settled in South Carolina in 1730. His grandfather, John Holman, who was born in Kentucky in 1787, was a veteran of the war of 181 2 and came to Oregon with the first home-building emigration in 1843. The grandmother, Elizabeth Duval, was a native of North Carolina. James Duval Holman, the father, was an enterprising Oregon pioneer of 1846, who became one of the founders of Pacific City. He did much toward the upbuilding of Oregon in the early days. In 1857 he came to Portland and continued his residence here throughout the remainder of his life. The J. D. Holman school of this city was named in his honor as a public recognition of the important services which he rendered in the improvement and development of this city. He was one of the early school directors of school district No. i and was very active in the cause of education. He died in December, 1882, in his sixty-ninth year, while his wife, long surviving him, passed away August 3, 1900, at the age of seventy-seven years. In the family were eight children and those surviving who reside in Portland are Frederick V., George F., Frances A. and Kate S.

Frederick Van Voorhies Holman was educated in public and private schools of Portland, at one time attending the Portland Academy and Female Seminary, from which he was graduated in July, 1868. On the 9th of June, 1875, he completed a course in the University of California, at which time the Bachelor of Philosophy degree was conferred upon him. He then took up the study of law and was admitted to the bar by the supreme court of Oregon on the 8th of January, 1879. He has ever since been engaged in active practice here and has given his attention principally to corporation, real property and probate law, in which connection he has secured a large clientage that indicates his prominence in those branches of the profession. Moreover, he is a director of the Portland Railway, Light & Power Company and other corporations. He is general counsel and director for the Portland Railway, Light & Power Company and local general counsel for H. M. Byllesby & Company for the states of Oregon, Washington and Idaho, and a director of the Oregon Power Company.

In politics Mr. Holman is a censervative democrat. He was national committeeman for Oregon from 1904 until 1908 and was a delegate at large to the national conventions in the presidential campaign years of 1892 and 1904. He was made a member of the charter commission for framing a new charter for the city of Portland in 1902-3 and again in 1908-9. He stands for all that is most helpful and progressive in the public life of the city and is now regent of the University of Oregon, the term of his regency extending from 1903 until 191 5. He is a director of the McLoughlin Memorial Association and is the author of a biography of Dr. John McLoughlin, together with numerous historical articles, including one on Oregon counties. He was president of the Oregon Historical Society from 1907 to 191 1, the president of the Oregon State Bar Association in 1909-10, and president of the Oregon Pioneer Association in 1909-10. He is a member of the Washington Historical Society of Seattle and of the American Historical Association, belongs to the National Rose Society of England and is a member of the American Bar Association and other national and local public organizations. He is a member and ex-president of the Arlington Club and a member of the University Club, Commercial Club, Waverly Golf Club, Portland Rose Society, Portland City Improvement Association and other social organizations.

Mr, Holman is well known because of his connection with rose culture, in which he has been engaged as an amateur for many years. He won the amateur gold medal in the exhibition of roses at the Lewis and Clark Exposition and also at the Alaska Yukon Exposition in Seattle and has won many first prizes at Portland Rose shows. He has aroused local interest in rose growing by his numerous contributions on the subject to local publications and also by the publication of a pamphlet on the same. He was also one of the organizers of the Portland Rose Society, of which he served as president for several years. He gave Portland the name of the Rose City. Mr. Holman resides at No. 500 Taylor street, at the corner of Lownsdale, which has been his home for over forty years. He is a man of wide and varied interests and while known as one of Portland's successful lawyers, his efforts have also been a vital force in the growth and development of the city along many lines. He has left the impress of his individuality upon municipal affairs, upon the political and economic situation and upon the social life of Portland, which honors him as one of its pioneer residents and as one whose efforts have been most effective and resultant factors in the promotion of public progress.

Prosper Van Fridagh

Prosper van Fridagh, well known among the older residents of Portland, where from 1861 until 1887 he was engaged in the dry-goods and millinery business, had a most interesting history and through the period of his residence in this city his good qualities commended him to the confidence and regard of his fellow townsmen. He was born in Holland, July 24, 1824, and was a son of an officer in the Dutch army, who died in Dutch Java during the early boyhood of Prosper van Fridagh. The mother was of German birth and after the death of her husband she returned to the fatherland, accompanied by her young son, who was, therefore, reared in Germany.

Upon reaching military age he joined the army, with which he was connected in 1849 during the revolutionary period in that country. He took a decided stand in support of the revolutionists and because of his liberal education was appointed secretary to some of the officers who commanded the fort at Rastatt, in which a number of revolutionists were confined as prisoners. His position as secretary to the officers made it possible for him to locate some papers upon which were drawn maps and plans showing secret passages from the fort, and he lost no time in making use of those plans to aid some of the prisoners in making their escape from the fort. The refugees, however, were careless in that they left behind them some of the plans which Mr. van Fridagh had copied in his own handwriting and had given them to aid them in obtaining their liberty. Learning that these papers had been found and knowing that his life, therefore, was in great danger, he escaped from the army, secretly made his way across the frontier into France and thence to Belgium, where he secured passage on a vessel bound for the United States. In safety he reached the new world and located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where for a year he was employed in a store, during which period he mastered the English language, of which he had little knowledge when he came to the United States.

In 1 85 1 Mr. van Fridagh went to St. Paul, Minnesota, which at that time contained a population of but four families. While a soldier in the German army he had become betrothed to Miss Elizabeth Rumpen, a resident of the German town in which he had been reared. When forced to flee from Germany she was of necessity left behind, but in 1851 she joined him in Milwaukee, where they were married. In the same year they removed to St. Paul and Mr. van Fridagh established a commission and farmers' produce business, in which he continued successfully until 1858 and 1859. In those two years there was an almost entire failure of crops. It was customary in his business to advance supplies to the farmers, waiting until after harvest for his pay, but on account of the two years' crop failures, it was impossible for him to make collections, and he was forced to stand by and see the business which he built up in eight or nine years, swallowed up in failure. His resolute spirit, however, would not allow him to consider himself defeated. He knew that all opportunity was not gone, and that chances still remained for success. While in Milwaukee, he had become acquainted with a gentleman who was a brother of Factor Franchette of the Hudson's Bay Company, who at that time was in Oregon. Mr. Franchette had visited his brother in the northwest, and was very enthusiastic concerning the climate and other natural advantages of Oregon, and believed in the future greatness of the state. His enthusiastic reports led Mr. van Fridagh to the determination to make his home in Oregon, and in i860, accompanied by his family, he left St. Paul, proceeded down the Mississippi river and across the Gulf of Mexico, and after crossing the isthmus of Panama sailed for San Francisco, where he remained for a year. In 1861 he continued his journey to Oregon and, settling in Portland, established a small dry-goods and millinery store on Front street, near Yamhill, in a building known as the Harker building, which is still standing, and is one of the oldest landmarks of the city. At that time all business centered along the river front, for transportation was largely by the waterways, and shipments were facilitated in the proximity of the business houses to the docks. Eventually, Mr. van Fridagh removed to 109 First street, where he conducted his business until 1883, when he removed to the corner of Third and Pine streets, remaining at that location until 1887, when he retired from active life. For twenty-six years he had successfully conducted a dry-goods and millinery establishment building up a trade which increased with the growth of the city. Through this channel he contributed to the commercial upbuilding of Portland, and in other ways aided in the growth and progress of the city, whose welfare was ever a matter of deep interest to him. Here upon the coast he retrieved his lost possessions, and not only gained a comfortable competence, but also an honored name. He continued a resident of Portland until called to his final rest in September, 1902. His wife still survives and yet makes her home in the Rose City.

Mr. and Mrs. van Fridagh were the parents of eight children, but only two are now living. Paul van Fridagh, to whom we are indebted for the information used in this article, was born in Portland, Oregon, in 1864, and after completing his education in the public schools, entered the office of the auditor of the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company, occupying clerical positions in those offices for ten years. In 1890 he entered the employ of Boyd & Arnold, a well known insurance firm of Portland, with which he remained until the death of Mr. Arnold, when the entire business was turned over to him. This was in 1901. He now carries on a general fire insurance business, with offices at Nos. 603 and 604 Concord building, and has an extensive clientage, being one of the prominent representatives of fire insurance in this city. He married Caroline Wilson, who died in 1902, leaving one child, Hortense. For his second wife he chose Charlotte Gray, who died in 1908. As was his father, he is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and he belongs to the Trinity Protestant Episcopal church.

Captain George Jennings Ainsworth

Captain George Jennings Ainsworth, known all over the Pacific coast as "Captain George," and loved and honored wherever known, stood as a splendid representative of the highest type of American manhood and chivalry. Resourceful and energetic in business to the extent of winning substantial success, he nevertheless was permeated by a strong spirit of humanitarianism that prompted his recognition of the brotherhood of mankind and caused him to extend a helping hand wherever aid was needed or to speak the necessary word of encouragement. So kindly was his spirit, so generous his acts, and so honorable his purpose, that his name is indelibly inscribed on the pages of the Pacific coast history. He was a western man by birth, training and preference, and possessed the enterprising spirit which has led to the remarkable upbuilding of this section of the country.

He was born in Oregon City on the 13th of April, 1852. His father was Captain J. C. Ainsworth, afterward president of the Oregon Steamboat Navigation Company. His mother was in her maidenhood Miss Jane White, a daughter of Judge S. S. White, a pioneer of this state who at one time resided near Oregon City, but for many years made his home in Portland. The death of Mrs. Ainsworth occurred in 1861.

Reared in Portland, Captain George, by which name he was known to all, pursued his early education in private schools in this city and later matriculated in the University of California in September, 1869. He was graduated with the first regular class to complete the course in that institution, winning the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy in July, 1873. He did not leave the university, but continued his studies in civil engineering there in the post-graduate course of one year. His father wished him to enter into the stationery business in Portland, but Captain George did not like it. He had studied hard in college, and J was not well, so his father suggested that he spend a month on the boats andj decide later as to what business he would enter. Without his father's knowledge! he supplemented his technical training by practical experience, acting as purser' and assisting in every position on the boat, at the same time preparing himself for an examination before the United States inspectors, which he passed, receiving his master's papers in 1875. He made application to his father, as presi-J dent of the company, for a position as captain and showed his license. Hisl father was greatly pleased and Captain George ran as master of different boatsi for two years. He never regarded parental authority or ownership as an excuse| for neglect of duty but performed every task devolving upon him with the utmost fidelity and care. In this way he became thoroughly familiar with thej practical management of the company's business, and in 1877 was given a position in the principal office of the company at Portland. Within a year he wasj made the chief executive officer with the title of general superintendent. When! but twenty-five years of age he had direct control and management of all the] transportation business of the company and of all its affairs excepting only the financial management, the financial interests being under the charge of the president and board of directors. It was at this time that he became known to all as Captain George, that he might be distinguished from his father, Captain J. C. Ainsworth, and throughout his life he was thus called.

In 1879 Henry Villard, having purchased the property of the Oregon Steamboat Navigation Company, organized the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company, and began building the present road owned by that company. He recognized the ability of Captain George and placed him in full charge of all the steamboats on the Columbia and Willamette rivers and on Puget Sound that were the property of the company. In 1882, however, he resigned that position at his father's urgent solicitation that he should take charge of his business.

When the Oregon Steamboat Navigation Company sold out. Captain J. C. Ainsworth purchased a beautiful place near Oakland, California, where he made his home. During October, 1882, Captain George removed to California, where he occupied an attractive home adjoining his father's place, while for five years he assisted his father in the management of his business and invested interests in Oregon and California. In 1887 R. R. Thompson, formerly of Portland but now of San Francisco, who had been a large stockholder in the Oregon Steamboat Navigation Company, was connected with Captain J. C. Ainsworth in purchasing a large tract of land on Santa Monica bay. about seventeen miles from Los Angeles, and there established the city of Redondo. These capitalists organized companies for the improvement of the city, for the building of a large and extensive hotel and a railroad line to Los Angeles, investing two million dollars in the enterprise. Captain George was made president of the company and as general manager conducted the undertaking until 1894, when he returned to Portland, continuing his residence in this city until his demise. He and his mother were appointed executors of the estate upon the death of Captain J. C. Ainsworth in December, 1893, and it became necessary that Captain George should be a resident of Oregon in order to act as executor; Accordingly he removed to Portland and assumed the management of the Oregon estate, which was estimated at nearly a million dollars. The soundness of his business judgment was again and again manifest in his capable management of business interests and his solution of intricate business problems.

While widely recognized as a capitalist and one of the prominent business men on the Pacific coast, Captain George was widely known, moreover, for his activity in those fields which recognized moral and individual obligation. In his youthful days he joined the First Presbyterian church of Portland and his life was ever actuated by the highest spirit of Christianity. His belief found expression in his efforts to aid his fellowmen. His philanthropic work was of a wide extent, and his charity was given not from a sense of duty, but as an expression of that love for humanity which recognized the obligation of the individual to his fellows. In August, 1873, he became a member of Portland Lodge A. F. & A. M. ; in April, 1881, was made a Knight Templar in Oregon Commandery No. i, K. T., of Portland. He attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, and on October 18, 1895, two days before his death, the papers were signed conferring upon him the honor of the thirty-third degree. His father was the first Oregon man to be honored with the thirty-third degree, and in his honor Ainsworth Rose Croix Lodge was named. The efforts of Captain George in behalf of education were of a tangible character. In 1883 Governor Stoneman of California appointed him a regent in the State University as successor to Judge Samuel B. McKee, resigned, and in 1884 he was again appointed regent for the full term of sixteen years.

On the i6th of June, 1875, Captain George Ainsworth was married to Miss Margaret Sutton of Portland, a daughter of John Sutton, chief engineer of the George S. Wright, a well known steamboat of the early days, which was lost off the Alaskan coast with all on board in 1873. The children of this marriage were Lawrence S. and Mabel. Theirs was largely an ideal household, the most beautiful family relations existing between parents and children. The death of Captain George occurred on the 20th of October, 1895, after an illness of several months. He is remembered as a tall man of graceful bearing, of polished manner and of pleasing address.

The Oregonian, on the day following his demise, said : "It was given to few men to have a popularity such as he had - which began in his youth and is not ended by his death. He combined firmness and kindness in a rare manner. He did not court popularity - it came to him." One whose business interests suffered rather than were benefited by the success of the Oregon Steamboat Navigation Company, yet said : "Captain George was one of the noblest men God ever made. He was a Christian and a gentleman." There is perhaps no better test of a man's character than his relations to his employes and subordinates, and therefore as an indication of his personal worth, his high purposes, his justice and his kindliness, it is meet to say that few men were ever loved and honored by employes as was Captain George Ains worth. In 1882, when it became known that he intended to resign his office with the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company, a few of the employes on the river division started a subscription for the purpose of purchasing a magnificent and valuable solid silver tea service to signify their appreciation of him and his treatment of them. The contributions to the fund were most generous, exceeding the amount required for the tea service, so that a fine gold watch was purchased and presented to Mrs. Ainsworth on the same occasion. This is the only time the employes of that company ever raised a fund to purchase a present for any of its officers.

Another incident of similar character occurred when Captain George left Redondo Beach in 1894. On that occasion the employes of the company of which he was a president, and the citizens of the town gave him a large and beautiful solid silver loving cup, accompanied by an engrossed address in token of their recognition of his qualities.

It is said that if Captain George had a fault, it was his generosity. His charity was almost limitless. No appeal was ever made to him in vain. He preferred to be imposed upon rather than that the deserving should suffer for the need of a helping hand. He gave quietly and without ostentation, but his beneficence was continuous and effective, and many a one has reason to bless his memory. His life was most beautiful in its expression of all the Christian virtues. It might be said that in him there did abide faith, hope and love, but that the greatest of these was love - that love which transcends all passion, all prejudice, and recognizes at once the brotherhood of man as well as the fatherhood of God. The memory of such a man can never die while there remain living monuments upon which he left the impress of his noble soul.

Hon. Joseph Simon

With post-graduate experience in the school of politics, manifesting at all times a statesman's grasp of vital questions and issues of the day, Hon. Joseph Simon has so conducted the political interests entrusted to him that while his course has awakened the opposition of those who hold radically different political views, his work on the whole has accomplished tangible and beneficial results that receive wide commendation throughout the state.

Joseph Simon was born February 7, 1851, and was quite a small boy when he was brought to Portland, Oregon, by his father in 1857. The city schools afforded him his educational privileges, and in his twentieth year he became a law student in the office of John H. Mitchell and Joseph N. Dolph. For two years he closely applied himself to the mastery of Kent, Blackstone and other commentaries, and was then admitted to practice in the courts of the state. Appreciation of his personal worth and recognition of his developing ability, were manifest when ex-United States Senator J. N. Dolph, one of his former preceptors, invited him to become a member of the law firm he formed February I, 1873. Accepting such invitation, he entered actively upon the practice of law and is still associated with the firm then formed, and with C. A. Dolph, who entered the firm at the same time Mr. Simon did and who has since become the senior partner of the firm which is styled Dolph, Mallory, Simon & Gearin. As a lawyer Mr. Simon has ever been careful and systematic in the preparation of his cases, reviewing all the evidences bearing upon the cause and correctly applying the principles of law to the points in litigation. He is today widely recognized as one of Portland's able lawyers and is as well one of the foremost republican leaders of the state.

Interested from early manhood in the political questions and issues which have engaged the attention of the country, Mr. Simon was first called to office when elected a member of the city council in 1877. He filled that position until 1880, in which year higher political honors were conferred upon him in his election to the state senate. He was continued a member of the upper house of the general assembly for twelve years by reason of two successive reelections, and when the legislature convened in January, 1889, he was chosen president of the senate and in 1891 was again elected as its presiding officer. He retired in 1892, but in 1894 was again elected to represent Multnomah county in the state senate for another four years' term and when the legislature convened on the 14th of January, 1895, he was once more elected president of the senate and again in 1897. At the June election in 1898, Mr. Simon was elected state senator from Multnomah county for the fifth time - 1898 until 1902. On the 26th of September, 1898, the governor convened the general assembly in special session, and Mr. Simon again was honored by election to the presidency of the Oregon senate. His service as state senator embraced five elections, each for a four years' term, and during that period, he was five times elected president of the senate. His record is that of one of the most fair and impartial presiding officers that has ever conducted the affairs of the upper house, and he enjoyed in fullest measure the esteem and personal regard of his political opponents as well as his political adherents. At the legislative session of 1897 the lower house failed to organize, but the senate was duly organized and attempted to transact business during the forty days' time allotted by law. It was during the special session on the 8th of October, 1898, that he was chosen United States senator for a term of six years, beginning March 4, 1897, the legislature of 1897 having failed to elect a senator, and the state having been without one senator for nearly two years. At the joint session at which he was elected, he received the unanimous support of the sixty-six republican members of his party.

To few men is political leadership so long accorded as to Hon. Joseph Simon. To occupy high office for any length of time is to invite attack and criticism of those holding opposing views, and yet through the course of his senatorial service Mr. Simon has held to the policy which he has marked out - a policy dictated by his judgment, his public spirit and his patriotism. His aid is recognized as a tangible and effective force in promoting republican successes. He was chairman of the republican state central committee during the biennial campaigns of 1880, 1884 and 1886, and in 1892 was chosen a delegate to the republican national convention held at Minneapolis in June of that year, on which occasion he gave his support to William McKinley instead of to Benjamin Harrison, who ultimately received the nomination. He was also a delegate to the republican national convention held at Philadelphia in 1902. During the five sessions of the Oregon legislature of which he was president of the senate he in numerous ways distinguished himself for dispatch of business and ability to preserve order and untangle difficult questions of parliamentary dispute.

Mr. Simon is one of the best known representatives of Masonry in Oregon. He is past master of his lodge and past high priest of his chapter, and he has attained to the highest rank, the thirty-third degree of the A. & A. S. R. (honorary). He has come to be known as a man loyal to any terms made or to his pledged word, and in manner is ever courteous and obliging, recognizing his obligations to others and meeting them in full measure. He is now serving as mayor of Portland, a fact which indicates his popularity and the confidence reposed in him in his home city, where he is best known. He is giving to Portland a public-spirited and businesslike administration, marked by needed reforms and improvements, progressiveness and conservatism being well balanced forces in his direction of municipal affairs.

Elmer Elm Lytle

Elmer Elm Lytle, president of the Pacific Railway & Navigation Company, has been prominently identified with railway interests as employe, promotor builder and executive officer since coming to the northwest in 1889. He was born in Tipton, Pennsylvania, April 20, 1861, a son of William A. and Caroline E. (Gillhousen) Lytle. His father served for over half a century as agent for the Pennsylvania Railway Company, at Tipton.

Elmer E. Lytle was educated in the public schools of his native city. In the broader school of experience, however, he has learned the more valuable lessons that have contributed most largely to his success. After leaving school he learned telegraphy and served for six months as operator at Tipton and spent a similar time in the same capacity at Tyrone, Pennsylvania. He was next located at Lewiston Junction, Pennsylvania, where he was promoted to ticket agent and in 1881 was returned to Tyrone as ticket agent, occupying that position until 1889, when he came west to occupy the position of agent at Waitsburg, Washington, for the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company. He continued in the service of this corporation with various promotions to positions of greater responsibility until 1897. In March of that year he promoted and incorporated the Columbia Southern Railroad and in June began the construction of the line which was completed and opened to traffic January, 1900. He was president and principal owner of the road, which he sold to the Harriman interests in 1903 but continued as president until 1905. He next incorporated and began the construction of the road of the Pacific Railway & Navigation Company, which he also sold to the Harriman interests in December, 1906, but remains as president to the present time.

On the 14th of October, 1880, Mr. Lytle was united in marriage to Miss Lizzie M. Ayres, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, a daughter of Samuel and Emeline Ayres, of that city. Her father was a prominent factor in the iron industry of Pittsburg. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Lytle have been born two sons and a daughter: William K., who is in charge of construction for the Pacific Railway & Navigation Company; Harry G. ; and Helen, the wife of James A. Ellis, of Portland. The family residence is at No. 175 Twenty-fourth street North.

Mr. and Mrs. Lytle are identified with various local charities and prominent in the social circles of the city. Mr. Lytle gives his political support to the republican party where national questions and issues are involved but otherwise votes independently. His favorite means of recreation is horseback riding. He is a member of both the Multnomah and Commercial Clubs, taking an active interest in the projects of the latter for the civic and commercial development of the city and state, and his even temperament, social qualities and his apprecia- tion of the pleasures of life make him popular in club circles. An analyzation of his life record indicates that close application, determination and industry have been the salient features in his success. He possesses a natural inclination to stick to a proposition until the desired result is achieved and his faithfulness and ability have carried him into important relation with the railway interests of the northwest.

The profession as well as the public, accords to Dr. J. C. Elliott King a prominent position among the medical practitioners of the northwest. Close study has formed the basis of his advancement and combined with an appreciation of the scientific phase of his profession is a deep and abiding sympathy that prompts him to put forth earnest and unfaltering effort where the welfare of his fellowmen is involved.