Portland, Oregon - Portland, Oregon, Its History and Builders : in Connection with the An (part 2 of 25)

In the fall of 1878 Mr. Sedgwick arrived in Clarke county, Washington, and homesteaded eighty acres of land eight miles east of Vancouver on the Salacci and Fisher's Landing road. This tract was mostly timber land of which he cleared forty acres, making all of the improvements, doing all the fencing and otherwise carrying forward the work of development until this is today one of the valuable farm properties of the district. Twice Mr. Sedgwick has had his place destroyed by fire, but with characteristic energy has rebuilt and his farm is now equipped with all modern improvements and accessories. He also owns property in Vancouver, having built a business block in connection with his daughter, and he also owns six houses there. As his financial resources have increased he has thus made judicial investment in realty and is deriving therefrom a substantial annual income.

On the 17th of May, 1870, Mr. Sedgwick was married to Miss Lydia Ann Odell, who was born in New York state and reared in Wisconsin, but at the time of her marriage was living in Manchester, Iowa. They now have one child : Dr. Isabelle Sedgwick, of Vancouver, who, having pursued her early education in the public schools, later attended the Forest Grove Academy and Willamette University. Subsequently she became a student in the medical department of the University of Oregon in Portland, and later continued her professional education in Chicago, taking post-graduate courses there. She has since practiced in Vancouver and is meeting with good success there.

While many came to the Pacific coast prior to Mr. Sedgwick's arrival, he has yet lived long enough in this section of the country to be largely familiar with the history of its development and in Clarke county his labors have constituted an important factor in the work of general progress and improvement, while at the same time they have brought to him a substantial reward for his labors.

John Wilson

John Wilson, pioneer merchant, founder of Portland's largest retail mercantile institution, scholar, book-lover, legislator, philanthropist, was a native of Ardee, County Louth, Ireland, where he was born June lo, 1826, the son of John and Joyscelind (Wynne) Wilson. His grandfather was John Wilson, whose ancestors were Scotch Presbyterians, who emigrated to Ireland early in the seventeenth century. The mother was the daughter of Robert Wynne, whose family were extensive English landowners.

John Wilson enjoyed the privilege of a thorough educational training, his early plans being to enter the ministry. However, he determined on coming to America, arriving in California by way of Cape Horn in 1848. He soon went to the mines on the Tuolumne and Sacramento rivers, where he remained but a short time. Not meeting with success, he returned to San Francisco, where he was obliged to work for a time as a day laborer. Deciding to come to Oregon he took passage on the Ann Smith, arriving at the mouth of the Columbia river on the last day of the year but on account of severe weather was not able to cross the bar until January 5. Landing at Coffin Rock, he made his way on foot to Milton, where he found employment in a sawmill, where he continued for the following year and a half.

In June, 1850, Mr. Wilson first came to Portland to purchase clothing but soon returned to Milton, where he was employed as clerk in a general merchandise store, selling goods, delivering lumber to the ships and looking after his employer's sawmill. He next went to St. Helens, where he clerked for a time, taking up his residence permanently in Portland in 1853. His first position was in the office of the Oregonian, where he kept the books, made out bills and attended to collections. He next entered the employ of Allen & Lewis, where he remained from 1854 to 1856. In the latter year he made his first independent business venture by purchasing the general store of Robert & Finley McLaren, which enterprise he conducted until 1858, when he entered into partnership with Wakefield & Company, under the firm name of Wilson, Wakefield & Company, they occupying the first store built on First street.

Mr. Wilson later purchased the Wakefield interests and continued the business alone. In 1870 he erected the first store on Third street south of Morrison, and two years later built a larger store a block north on the same street, where he continued until 1878, when he sold the business to Olds & King, founders of the present house of Olds, Wortman & King. Always an optimist as to Portland's future, he had early invested in real estate, and after his retirement from mercantile interests devoted his time largely to the management and improvement of his realty holdings, building various business structures on his properties. Mr. Wilson was a republican from the time the party was organized and took an active interest in Oregon politics. He was elected to the state legislature in 1887, served on many important committees and took an especially active part in legislation looking to the improvement of the public schools. Deeply interested in educational matters during his long service as school director, he left a lasting impress of his personality and did by his careful and intelligent labor much to bring them to their present high standard of efficiency.

In 1 86 1 Mr. Wilson married Elizabeth Temperance Parker, a native of Michigan. They became the parents of five children: John P.; Lida J., the wife of William L. Jones ; Robert W. ; Alice M., the wife of Edward Caswell ; and George W. Among his associates John Wilson was considered a man of the best qualities in every sense of the word. Of the highest order of intellectual attainment, a man of classical education and splendid culture. During his entire life he was a great student and his mind was a veritable storehouse of learning in every field of knowledge ; unswerving integrity was the keynote of his every day life. Of an unpretentious and retiring nature, he was most considerate to all, and quietly and without eflfort won the confidence and enduring friendship of those with whom he came in contact. With his intimate friends he disclosed more of the nobility of his nature but even there his innate modesty and his dislike of anything savoring of display had a tendency to hold in check his rich conversational powers that never failed to delight and interest those fortunate enough to be his hearers.

He was one of the type of men whom the world at large never knows intim,ately, one who does a great deal of thinking and a great deal of good, contributing to scores of charitable objects in an unostentatious way. To his employes during his active business career he was a constant source of inspiration and to his careful training many of them owe their after business success. A great lover and enthusiastic collector of books, he gathered together the finest private library in Oregon, which he gave to the city's public library.

His death occurred September 15, 1900. He lived to see the struggling village as he found it, grow to a splendid modern city of one hundred thousand people and had the satisfaction of knowing that he had contributed in no small degree to the transformation. His strict integrity, high ideals and sound common sense were ever strong forces in the physical, moral and intellectual advancement of the city. Few men were more widely known, none more highly respected, and the death of none has been more acutely felt or more sincerely mourned. Crowned with the honors of seventy-four years and a record of nearly a half century's residence here, he was freely accorded a place in the list of Portland's grand old men.

Freeman H. Perkins

In the northwest the spirit of activity is rife. There is opportunity to dare and to do. The natural resources of the country have by no means been utilized, and there comes to the individual the thrill of success as he improves his opportunity and accomplishes a work that not only promotes his individual interests, but also adds to the sum total of development and progress in this region. The work of Freeman H. Perkins was of this character. During much of the period of his residence in the northwest he was connected with the lumber industry as the operator of a sawmill. His birth occurred in Allegany county. New York, on the 4th of November, 1835, and when quite young he lost his father. He attended school in Allegany county, his mother being his teacher, for following the death of her husband Mrs. Perkins took up that method of providing for the support of herself and children.

In his early days Freeman H. Perkins became acquainted with the business of running a sawmill, for his father had owned such a mill, and thus in early life the son gained practical working knowledge of its operation. He followed the lumber business throughout his entire life and when but twenty years of age changed the scene of his activities from New York to Wisconsin, locating on the Eau Claire river, where he owned and conducted a sawmill. There he resided until 1870, when he came to Portland, arriving in this city on the loth of December. He came to the northwest for the purpose of engaging in the lumber business, and after remaining in Portland for a short time built a sawmill on Lewis river in Clarke county, and took up his abode at that place. There he remained for five years, at the end of which time he sold out and removed to a point below the Cowlitz river, where he had a floating mill. In 1878 he returned to Portland and opened a planing mill on First street at the corner of Clay, conducting the industry for about three years, when his lease on the property expired and he removed to the east side, there building a mill which he afterward sold to James McClure. Having disposed of his interests in Portland, Mr. Perkins went to Alaska and engaged in the lumber business, and while there passed away

He had been married in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, on the lOth of February, 1858, to Miss Amanda M. Bills, a daughter of Erastus and Roxie Bills. She was bom in Canada and by her marriage became the mother for four children. Curtis H., the eldest, married Martha Matson and at his death, which occurred February 18, 1890, when he was twenty-nine years of age, left three children, Charles Edgar, Lucy M. and Nellie C. Clara E. is the wife of /Wait Lancaster, of Oregon, and they have three children : Otis Walter, Roy P. and Tessie, and of these Roy is married and has a daughter Corrinna - a great-grandchild of Mrs. Perkins. Qiester P., living in Portland, married Bertha Kincaid and they have two children, Gladys and Lloyd. Cora May became the wife of Dr. Willard A. Roberts, and died January 11, 1900.

Mr. Perkins was a great lover of home and found his happiness in providing for the welfare and comfort of his wife and children. He was a very temperate man, never using tobacco nor intoxicants, and his life was at all times actuated by high and honorable principles which gained for him the respect of his fellowmen and made him a character worthy of emulation.

John S. Kocher

The construction interests of Portland find a worthy and well known representative in John S. Kocher, who since 1879 has lived in this city where he is now engaged successfully in business as a contractor in brickmason work and plastering. He was born in Newark, New Jersey, February 6, 1852, the son of John and Elizabeth Kocher. The father was a carpenter by trade and a veteran of the Civil war, who after the outbreak of hostilities, put aside all business and personal considerations in order to espouse the cause of the Union and aid in the supremacy of the national government. He died on the 19th of May, 1879, at Newark, New Jersey.

John S. Kocher, who was one of a family of six children, acquired his education in the schools of his native city and afterward learned the trades of a brick and stonemason and plasterer under the direction of John M. Jacobus, with whom he served a four years' apprenticeship. He became a proficient workman and when about twenty-three years of age left home to seek business opportunities in the west, taking up his abode in Virginia City, Nevada, in 1875. He worked as a journeyman there for about eighteen months and then continued on his westward way until he reached Napa, California, where he also remained for a year and a half, working at his trade. Portland seemed to him, however, a more advantageous field and in 1879 he came to this city which had entered upon an era of substantial and rapid growth. He at once began contracting and has since been closely identified with industrial activity here. In association with M. E. Freeman he had the contract for the Dekum building, and also the Hibernian building on Sixth and Washington streets. The partnership with Mr. Freeman continued for about twenty years, during which periodthey made substantial progress reaching a position among the foremost contractors in their line in the city. Mr. Kocher also erected the buildings at the northeast corner of Grand avenue and Stark street and the southwest corner of Union avenue and Burnside, and in 1881 had the plastering contract for the state asylum at Salem. He has done considerable work at The Dalles at intervals through the past twenty-five years for French & Company, and has also been awarded many contracts for work at Pendleton, Oregon. In 1896 he went to The Dalles, where he erected the high school building and also the large brick block for Max Vogt. He likewise built a three story structure for Robert Mays, who was a well known pioneer settler of eastern Oregon. The water works at Shaniko, Oregon, are a monument to his enterprise and ability in his chosen field of labor. While he was operating quite extensively at The Dalles he maintained his residence there for six years or until 1902, when he returned to Portland, where he has since carried on a general contracting business.

In 1901 Mr. Kocher was married to Mrs. Adelaide Shown, a daughter of Claude Fety and a native of New York. Mr. Kocher has pleasant membership relations with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and his political endorsement is given to the republican party, which he has supported since age conferred upon him the right of franchise. His nature is social, his manner genial, and during the period of his residence in Portland he has gained many warm friends.

Adolph Burckhardt

Adolph Burckhardt, who at the time of his death was actively connected with the Union Meat Company of Portland, controlling an extensive business, was bom at Giessen, Germany, July 30, 1839. His parents were Sebastian and Minnie Burckhardt, and the father was engaged in the hardware business at the time of his death. Both he and his wife passed away when their son Adolph was very young. The boy, thus left an orphan, attended school in his native town until he came to America, crossing the Atlantic when still but a youth. He landed at New York and thence went to New Britain, Connecticut, where he had brothers living. He remained in the east for about a year, after which he came to Portland, influenced in his choice of a destination by the fact that his brother, C. A. Burckhardt, was a resident here. Adolph Burckhardt made the journey by the water route and the isthmus of Panama, and reached Oregon on the 24th of March, 1863. Here he began work at his trade, securing employment with Mr. Gantz, who was in the meat business, but after a little time Mr. Burckhardt opened a meat market on his own account. His first location was at the corner of First and Ash streets, but subsequently he joined Mr. May in the wholesale meat business. With the growth of the city and the development of the possibilities of trade they had opportunity for an enlarged scope and joined Mr. Spaulding and Mr. Papworth in organizing the American Dressed Meat Company. Later they organized the Union Meat Company, admitting the O'Shea brothers to an interest in the business. Mr. Burckhardt was connected therewith up to the time of his death, holding the office of treasurer of the company and also that of director. The business has been developed along substantial lines and has enjoyed a rapid growth, becoming one of the important industries of this character on the coast.

On the i2th of August, 1866, in Portland, occurred the marriage of Mr. Burckhardt and Miss Amelia Logus, a daughter of Christopher and Judith Logus, who were natives of Germany, where they spent their entire lives, the father being there engaged in the meat business. Mrs. Burckhardt was born in Ger- many and in the year 1864 came to the United States, making her way at once to Portland, where she had two brothers and a sister Hving. The latter is Mrs. Henrietta Wentz, still a resident of Portland. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Burckhardt were born five children : Charles A., of this city, who wedded Anna Williams and has one daughter, Nan ; Bertha, the wife of J. C. Meussdorffer, of San Francisco ; F. O., who married Louise Lowe and lives in Portland ; Lena A. and Anna H., both at home.

Mr. Burckhardt was called to his final rest on the i8th of November, 1905, and his remains were interred in Lone Fir cemetery. He was a member of the Odd Fellows society, was piesident of the Benevolent Fire Insurance Company, president of the German Aid Society and a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen and of the German Reformed church.

His life was an active one. He studied how to make the best use of every moment and as the year passed by he accomplished substantial results in business, nor was he unmindful of his duties and obligations to his fellowmen.. He certainly deserves much credit for what he accomplished for he came to the United States empty-handed and was obliged to depend upon his own labor for whatever he obtained. His life record proves that energy constitutes the key that unlocks the portals of success and his life history also illustrates the fact that prosperity and an honored name may be won simultaneously.

Rev. John Flinn

Rev. John Flinn, a retired Methodist minister living in Portland, has been a resident of the Pacific northwest for over sixty years - years in which he has made valuable contribution to the growth and progress of this section, not to that growth which marks the material development but to that which uplifts man in a recognition that character-building is worth more than aught else. Believing with Lincoln that "There is something better than making a living - making a life," - he has put forth earnest and effective effort to awaken in his fellowmen a desire for that which is uplifting and has permanent value. A native of Ireland, he was born in Queens county, March 26, 1817, his parents being Timothy and Mary (Patterson) Flinn, both of whom spent their entire lives in Queens county and were members of the Church of England. The father was a farmer by occupation and engaged in the cultivation of a rented farm of one hundred and ten acres.

Rev. John Flinn was the third in a family of eight children, four sons and four daughters. He attended school in Queens county and also the high school which was conducted by the Quakers. He afterward spent three years as an apprentice to a wholesale and retail dry-goods merchant, and when twentythree years of age started for America, landing at New York. This was for him the termination of a voyage of about thirty days, during which a terrific storm had been encountered, and on its next voyage the Garrick, the ship on which he sailed, was lost. He had no friends or relatives in this country but regarded America as the land of opportunity and after a brief period spent in New York went to St. Johns, New Brunswick. He had been a resident there for only a brief period when he attended a class meeting of the Methodist church and about the same time met a Mr. Sammon, who told Mr. Flinn that he ought to be a preacher. He had never seen Mr. Sammon before. Soon afterward he was asked by Rev. Samuel D. Rice, who later became a bishop, to fill the place of a preacher who had been taken ill. The church was at St. Andrews, about sixty miles from St. Johns. Mr. Flinn said that he would do the best he could and the Rev. Rice then took him in his sleigh to St. Andrews and found a boarding place for him with Mrs. Johnson. Rev. Rice then returned home and on the next Sianday Mr. Flinn preached his first sermon be- fore a large congregation of educated people. This was in 1840. That he had a message to deliver and delivered it well is indicated by the fact that he remained as minister at St. Andrews all that winter and the next year obtained an appointment through the conference, being given a church on the St. Johns river, while later he served as minister in a number of places in that conference. But the climate of New Brunswick was exceedingly cold in winter and in traveling around Mr. Flinn was exposed to much of the severe weather. Accordingly for four years he was connected with a wholesale and retail drygoods store at St. Johns until 1848.

In that year Mr. Flinn went to Portland, Maine, where he met a friend. Rev. William McDonald, who suggested that Mr. Flinn leave business and return to the ministry. He did so and joined the Maine conference, of which he was a member until 1849. He was then ordained a deacon by Bishop Morris and the same spring volunteered as a missionary to Oregon with Dr. Bannister, the Rev. F. S. Hoyt, D. D., who later, became the president of the Willamette University, and others. They left New York for Oregon in September, 1850, went by steamer, the Arabia, crossed the isthmus of Panama and then boarded a ship called the Oregon. This ship carried the news to San Francisco that California had been admitted to the Union as a state. They entered the harbor with all flags flying and there was great excitement in the city. Mr. Flinn had crossed the isthmus on foot and had an attack of Panama fever. This forced him to remain in San Francisco for a few days, after which he again boarded the Oregon which bore him safely to Astoria, where he arrived about thirty days after leaving New York. There was a great crowd of miners at Astoria returning from California with gold, and as no room or bed could be secured Mr. Flinn had to sleep under a table in the hotel. The next day he started for Portland on the steamboat Columbia with one hundred and three passengers. They left on Friday at 4 P. M. and did not reach their destination until Saturday at 10 P. M. Mr. Flinn had only one meal on that boat but considered himself very lucky to get that because the dining room accommodations were entirely inadequate to the great crowd. The passengers were landed near Taylor street and Mr. Flinn had now reached the end of his journey, which had cost him four hundred and twenty dollars. The passage from New York to San Francisco was three hundred, from San Francisco to Astoria one hundred, and twenty from Astoria to Portland. Mr. Flinn took his baggage and made his way to the home of Rev. James H. Wilbur, who was building the first Methodist church at Third and Taylor streets. A part of the family had retired for the night, but Mrs. Wilbur arose and prepared supper for Mr. Flinn and his two companions. They remained there all night and were up early the next morning, Sunday. Mr. Flinn went to the door and looked out upon the woods, for the forest was all around him. There was only one store and that was kept by Joseph Smith. The town contained about two hundred and fifty people and Mr. Flinn felt very lonely to see nothing around but the unbroken wilderness. The great pine or fir trees towered above him and he said that the soughing of the wind often had a homesick sound. That forenoon at 11 o'clock, Mr. Flinn and the party that came with him, together with Mr. and Mrs. Wilbur, went to a small schoolhouse where services were to be held. The Rev. Mr. Lyman, a Congregational minister, who was engaged in building a church, was the preacher. The congregation were all sitting around the sides of the room, there being no benches in the center of the floor. Just as the minister reached an important part of his sermon there was a terrible noise and the center of the floor started to rise. Hogs had gotten under it and had become engaged in a fight and in their struggle they raised the loosely joined boards of the floor. Thomas Drier, who later founded the Oregonian, was present at the service and his sense of humor soon got beyond control. At length however, the hogs quieted down and the meeting proceeded. That evening the Rev. Joseph H. Wilbur addressed the congregation and on the next Sunday

Mr. Flinn delivered his sermon. He remained in Portland with Mr. Wilbur as assistant or second preacher and the work of moral reclamation was earnestly prosecuted. Rev. Wilbur was a most earnest and zealous worker and built the first Methodist Episcopal church in Portland. He would go out among the gamblers and others every Saturday to collect money to pay the men working on the church, and his influence was such that he never failed to gain a ready response, for men of every class respected him and admired him for his earnestness.

Rev. Flinn devoted his time to preaching and Christian work. He was then appointed to the Yamhill circuit and, starting on foot in mid-winter, walked to Oregon City, where he spent the night with the Rev. James O. Raynor, a Methodist minister. The next morning, Christmas day, he resumed his journey, proceeding as far as the old Methodist mission nine miles from Salem. There he partook of Christmas supper, with Mr. Beers, who had charge of the mission, and after being there entertained for the night, he started on the following day for Salem. Sunday was passed at the home of the Rev. William Roberts. Rev. Flinn purchased a horse in Salem and started on his circuit, which embraced three counties, Yamhill, Polk and Multnomah. He remained on that circuit for about two years and has continued in Oregon and Washington in the work of the gospel ministry. Indeed he has traveled all over this section of the country from Walla Walla to Jacksonville and from LeGrand to Yakima. He was presiding elder for about five years and on his trips encountered many hardships and difficulties, for the roads were often in poor condition and at one time he and his horse were compelled to swim the Columbia. He was for forty-seven years engaged in circuit work with pastorates at various places, and his labors were resultant factors in the material progress of the state.

On the I2th of August, 1856, Mr. Flinn was united in marriage at Umpqua Academy by the Rev. J. H. Wilbur, to Miss Mary E. Royal, a native of Bloomington, Illinois, and a daughter of Rev. William and Barbara Royal, who were pioneer people of Oregon, her father building the first Methodist church on the east side. Unto Rev. and Mrs. Flinn were born eight children, six of whom are still living and five are married.

Rev. Flinn is now ninety-three years of age and is enjoying good health and unimpaired mental powers. His journeys over the state, in connection with his work in the church, have made him one of the most widely known men of this section, and few if any are more familiar with the history of Oregon and her development. He has always had the "saving sense of humor," which has helped him over many a hard place in the pioneer times when long and difficult trips were to be made and few of the comforts of life were to be secured. His earnest devotion to his work is manifest in the excellent results which followed his services as he proclaimed the truths of the gospel, and his life has indeed been a strong element for good - a factor in the higher civilization which is making the world better year by year.

Frank S. Hallock

Frank S. Hallock, a general building contractor of Portland, who learned his trade and has always followed it in this city, was born in Fredonia, Kansas, May 12, 1879. He was but four years of age when his parents, Alonzo and Sarah (Armstrong) Hallock, who were natives of Iowa, left their home in Kansas and started on the long and arduous journey across the plains to Oregon. They traveled in wagons drawn by mules. Prairies, arid plains and mountains were at length crossed, and the family arrived in eastern Oregon, establishing their home in Arlington, where they remained for seven years. The father was a farmer by occupation, and continued to engage in general agricultural pursuits until about twenty years ago, when he came to Portland and took up the business of grading and general contract work. It was about 1890 that Frank S. Hallock became a resident of Portland, and in the public schools of this city his education was largely acquired. He afterward began learning the builders trade in this city, and since starting in business as a contractor on his own account he has made gratifying and substantial progress, being numbered now among the successful men in his line in Portland. He has erected many of the fine residences on the east side and also large apartment buildings, including the Watson at the corner of Everett and Twenty-second streets. He was likewise the builder of the Lewis block, a concrete and brick structure at Monta Villa, also the theatre in Monta Villa, and the homes of W. B. Buell, N. W. Bowlan and C. N. Prood. These buildings indicated his progressive ideas and modern methods. He is an interested and constant student of all that bears upon his chosen life work, and his buildings show attractive styles of architecture which combine convenience, utility and beauty.

In 1898 Mr. Hallock was married to Miss Bertha L. Rogers, a daughter of G. W., and Rochalette Rogers, who were early settlers of Yamhill county, having made their way to Oregon during the pioneer period in the development of this state. Unto A'Ir. and Mrs. Hallock have been born two children: Vernon, eight years of age, now attending school ; and Bertha Grace, five years of age.

Mrs. Hallock belongs to the Adventist church, Mr. Hallock holds membership with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and at election proves his advocacy of republican principles by the support of the candidates of that party. Almost his entire life has been spent in Oregon, and during the period of his residence in Portland he has largely been connected with industrial interests which have given impetus to the growth and improvement of the city.

Adam H. Biscar

Among Portland's retired citizens Adam H. Biscar is numbered. Through an active life he was connected with the wire industry and with farming, and his close application thereto and good business ability brought him the capital that now enables him to rest from labor. A native of Austria-Hungary, he was born June 7, 1854, unto Henry and Mary Biscar, both of whom spent their entire lives in Hungary, where the father engaged in horticultural pursuits. The son attended the public schools there and after completing his education learned the trade of wire-making in Germany. In 1875 ^^ came alone to America, landing at Baltimore, where he was employed for three months. On the expiration of that period he removed to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where he engaged in peddling tinware for two weeks. From that point he proceeded to New Orleans, spending three years in the Crescent city, after which he lived for a brief period in St. Louis and later made his way to San Francisco, California. During all this time he was connected with the wire-making industry. He resided in San Francisco for nine years, and twenty-one years ago came to Portland. For two years he resided upon a farm in Oregon, taking up a homestead of one hundred and sixty acres in Washington county, which he still owns. Most of the time, however, he has followed the wire-making business in Portland and to his thorough knowledge of the trade and expert workmanship may be attributed the success which he has reached. He has ever led a busy life, and his prosperity is the merited reward of his labor.

In 1881 Mr. Biscar was united in marriage to Miss Mardie Kettler, who died in San Francisco in 1886. Their only child, a son, died when about three months old, and the mother passed away three months later. On the 6th of September, 1887, in San Francisco, Mr. Biscar married Miss Anna Mastreet, who was also a native of Austria-Hungary, and came to America, August 20, 1886. Both Mr. and Mrs. Biscar are members of the Catholic church. He has never had cause to regret his determination to come to the United States, for he was prompted to emigrate by the hope of enjoying better business opportunities in the new world. These he has found here where higher wages are paid for labor, and as the years have gone by his industry has brought him a substantial competence.

William Wick Cotton

Portland, as the metropolis of a wonderfully productive and flourishing region in an ideal location on the Pacific coast for commercial purposes, has attracted many important interests and is a railroad center of constantly growing importance. Here the great railways maintain their headquarters and here are to be found transportation, traffic and legal officials whose jurisdiction extends over a wide territory and who are given large powers in expediting the business of the various roads. Among the men closely identified with the legal department of great lines is William W. Cotton, who is attorney and seccretary of the Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company. For many years he has been a prominent factor in railway litigation of the northwest and by his energy and efficiency has attained recognition which is accorded only through years of faithful and capable service.

Mr. Cotton is a native of Iowa and was born at Lyons, December 13, 1859. He is a son of Aylefif R. and Laura Cotton. He received his preliminary education from his mother after which he graduated from the Pennsylvania State Normal School at Millersville, Pennsylvania, and matriculated in the law school of Columbia University, New York, from which he was graduated in 1882. He was an apt student and after several years of practical application of the lessons which he had learned under some of the greatest instructors of the country, he became, in 1888, assistant to the general solicitor of the Union Pacific Railway Company, at Omaha, Nebraska. In 1889 he came to Portland as general attorney for the Portland Division of the Union Pacific Railway Company and when the line passed into the control of the Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company, he became connected with the latter organization. He early gained recognition on the Pacific coast as a brilliant lawyer and in 1901 he was appointed as an associate of Judge C. B. Bellinger, of the United States District Court, to prepare a new edition of the laws and codes of Oregon, which duty he discharged with marked ability and fidelity.

On August 29, 1888, Mr. Cotton was happily married, the lady of his choice being Miss Fannie C. Collingwood, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. Mr. Cotton has been actively connected with corporation litigation ever since he began his professional career and is known as a lawyer of strong personality who is always able to present a reason for any legal proposition he advances and who never gives up a cause until the court of last resort has rendered a final decree. He is a clear and logical thinker and a good speaker and has a knowledge of law possessed only by those who burn the "midnight oil" and who spare no labor or pains in the quest of law or authorities covering the point at issue. In certain departments of the law Mr. Cotton is regarded as a specialist. He is one of the best informed lawyers of the state as to the statutes, state or federal, relating to railway corporations. From intimate connection with the Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company, he has gained an amount of information pertaining to those lines that is of great benefit to the companies he represents.

Mr. Cotton is well known in club circles and is a member of the principal clubs of the city, including the Arlington, Commercial, University and Waverly

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Golf Clubs. In politics he is in sympathy with the republican party but he has not figured prominently in political affairs, as his attention is mainly devoted to intricate legal problems that require a great deal of time and attention. He is a gentleman of pleasing manner and of wide information on public questions, especially those affecting the Pacific coast, and from the time of his arrival in Portland has heartily responded in advancing any interest than redounded to the benefit of Portland or the Columbia river region.

It seems a far distant period from the present back to the time of the boyhood of P. B. Sinnott, who is now eighty-one years of age. And indeed through this period many important chapters of history have been written and in the northwest Mr. Sinnott has taken an active and helpful part in shaping the records of this region. His birth occurred in Wexford county, Ireland, May 29, 1829, his parents being Nicholas and Mary Sinnott, who spent their entire lives on the Emerald isle. In that country P. B. Sinnott attended school and it was his intention to enter St. Peter's College but events shaped his life otherwise.

He left Ireland in 1848 when nineteen years of age, crossing the Atlantic to New York, where he arrived after a voyage of six weeks and two days. He secured a position in the wholesale grocery store of Stillwell, Brown & Company, of New York, at a salary of ten dollars per month and board, but had been in their employ for only a short time when two Chicago men went there to buy goods. They offered Mr. Sinnott a position at higher wages and he accompanied them to the middle west, the trip being made by way of the Great Lakes. However, after reaching Chicago he did not see much opportunity for advancement there and wrote to a steamship company in New York to get information concerning their rates to California. He found that he had enough money to make the trip and accordingly he journeyed by way of the Panama route. He was twenty-eight days in reaching his destination. Landing at San Francisco he went up the river to Sacramento, and soon afterward began mining in that vicinity, remaining there until 1861. Unlike others, he met with good success in his search for the precious metal. He then took a trip to the east where he met his brother, N. B. Sinnott, who was then a clerk in a hotel in Peoria, Illinois. His brother returned with P. B. Sinnott to the coast and they purchased the Columbia Hotel at the corner of Washington and Front streets, in Portland, conducting the hotel with success until the building was torn down. At that time P. B. Sinnott was offered the position of Indian agent for this section and for sixteen years thereafter filled the same most acceptably, being appointed four times. He had previously had practical experience with Indians for he had taken part in the Rogue River war. He was at that time engaged in mining but to defend his life and his interests was compelled to fight, and in fact was forced to leave the district, owing to the hostility of the redmen. In his position as Indian agent he discharged his duties capably, promptly and efficiently, and on his retirement from that office occupied a position as deputy in the United States marshal office for four years. He then turned his attention to the real-estate business which he followed with success, and he is still the owner of considerable property here which is the visible evidence of his life of enterprise, his judicious investment and his sound judgment in business affairs.

On the 28th of August, 1864, in Portland, P. B. Sinnott was united in marriage to Miss Bridget Moran, whose parents died in Ireland. Mrs. Sinnott came to the United States when about eighteen years of age and by her marriage became the mother of five children : Nicholas, now deceased ; James, an attorney, who was graduated from St. Mary's College at San Francisco and has now passed away ; William D., formerly an attorney but now a real-estate man, who married Mollie Murphy ; Frank, who is in partnership with his brother William and married Anna Wertz, by whom he has three children, Francis, Flavia and Robert P. ; and Mary F., who is the widow of John T. McDonald and has four children, Joseph M., Edward, Meriam L. and Flavia. Mr. Sinnott gave his children excellent educational opportunities, all having graduated from St. Mary's College at San Francisco.

Mrs. Sinnott was born in county Donegal, Ireland, and came to Portland a half century ago by water. Mr. Sinnott was one of the early members of the Ancient Order of Hibernians and he and his family are all communicants of the Catholic church. His political allegiance is given to the republican party. Few men of his years keep so closely in touch with the spirit of the times and the questions and issues of the day as does Mr. Sinnott - a well preserved man of eighty years, whose life has been an active and useful one. His public service has been characterized by the utmost loyalty and his business affairs have at all times been conducted with absolute regard for the rights of others.

Abigail Scott Duniway Personal Reminiscences Of A Pioneer

The ancestral Bible of the Scott family records that I was born October 22, 1834. My honored father, John Tucker Scott, born in Kentucky, in 1809, of Scotch-Irish and English parentage, and my beloved mother, Ann Roelofson, born in 181 1, of German, French and English stock, imparted to their oldfashioned Illinois family of a dozen sons and daughters, the combined ruggedness and elasticity of physique and temperament which the hardships and privations of pioneer life strengthened in a marked degree in some of us, and so weakened the constitutions of others that half of us died in infancy or youth, and the remainder lived, or are living, to a ripe old age.

Of this family the writer hereof was the third, born in a humble border cabin home, on the fourth anniversary of a (not in those days unusually) fruitful marriage; although my mother once informed me, in after years, that my father was cross, and she herself had wept bitterly, because I was a girl. Their first born, a boy, had died in infancy, bringing them their first great sorrow ; and the second, being a daughter, was a serious disappointment to both parents, while I, who had the temerity to follow her as to sex, was a grievance, almost too burdensome to be borne.

The first home of my grandfather Scott, bearing any semblance to pretension, was built during my first year of bodily existence ; and my grandmother Roelofson, having broken her leg in a fall and in the absence of proper surgery, being a cripple ever after, the household burdens of two ancestral border homes fell upon my faithful mother, who once told me sadly, that I sat on the floor during my first summer, complaining and neglected, soothed only by a piece of bacon, attached by a string to a bed-post, or a loom stanchion, until I would fall asleep from exhaustion, a prey to numerous house flies.

My first task, as I remember it, was washing dishes while standing on a chair to reach the table ; my next was a seemingly overwhelming job of paring, quartering, coring and stringing apples, in long festoons for drying. Then followed the sleep-urging monotony of picking wool by hand ; and after this came the spinning wheel, of which my elder sister and I became expert manipulators.

In the springtime, as I grew older, came always the work of the maple sugar camp, and after that, corn planting ; then followed hoeing corn and potatoes. Milking the cows morning and evening was a regular duty, and I often wielded the dasher of an old-fashioned churn, while always, in emergencies, it fell to my lot to assist my late lamented brother, Harvey W. Scott, to chop.

Abigail Scott Duxiway The City Of Portland 55

gather and drag the dead limbs that fell annually from the great maple, hickory and Walnut trees in the beautiful forest which my grandmother Scott had christened Pleasant Grove, a title it carries to this day.

As the years sped on I grew rapidly into a tall, spindling and awkward child, and was often ill on account of performing tasks for which my rapid growth ought to have excused an undeveloped daughter. It was at this time, and for long afterwards, the general belief among grown-ups, that no child was in danger or injury from overwork, an almost fatal misconception of a fact in my case, as the re-sodding of a blue grass lawn at the age of nine, after a hard winter, gave me a chronic weakness of the spine which will never cease to ache till after I leave the body for good and all.

Having become an overgrown though weakly young girl, I was unable to receive even the meager advantages for schooling that were accorded to the more rugged members of our household ; and such learning as I got consisted chiefly of a five months' term in an apology for an academy in Stout's Grove, a rustic village in the heart of Illinois near what is now the town of Danvers.

Early in the spring of 1852, my father, having caught the "Oregon fever," sold his possessions in Illinois and started with his family and a long line of covered wagons, drawn by teams of oxen, to this land of the setting sun. The limits of this narrative preclude further details of that perilous journey, further than to say that of the many who perished by the wayside in that eventful year, lingers longest and tenderest the memory of our faithful, gentle and self-sacrificing mother, whom we laid away, for the eternal sleep of the body, in the solemn fastnesses of the Black Hills, then known as a mighty section of "Mandan District," which is now a part of the great sovereign state of Wyoming. The silent snows of many winters have rested long upon the sacred spot wherein we laid her precious dust, but I cannot write any more about it now; nor can I hardly see, through tears, to read what has been written.

After completing our journey of six tedious months across the almost untracked continent, the still large remnant of my father's family settled for the winter of 1852-3 in the village of La Fayette, Oregon territory, at that time the county seat of Yamhill county, where, after the lapse of several months, through most of which I was employed in teaching a district school in a Polk county village, bearing the ambitious title of Cincinnati, since changed to Eola. Here surrounded by a beautiful, undulating valley, a few miles west of Salem, Oregon's thriving capital city, though still a child in my "teens," I met my matrimonial fate in the person of an honest young rancher and stockman, Mr. Ben C. Duniway, who conveyed me to his donation land claim in the wilds of Clackamas county, a dozen miles from Oregon City, where I spent four years of a difficult struggle with the (to me) uncongenial hardships of a back-woods farm. My husband, who had been a bachelor before taking me to his ranch, was the envied center of a group of about a dozen unmarried fellow ranchmen ; and nothing delighted him more than to mobilize them at meal time at our cabin home in the wilderness, where it fell to my lot, whether the babies or I were well or ill, to feed the crowd to repletion, as is the habit of most wives and mothers of the frontier settlements unto this day.

Passmg over the four years of farm life spent in Clackamas county and five years in Yamhill county, which had made me a physical wreck while yet in my "twenties," I was, as I now believe, providentially relieved by the results of a security debt, incurred by my husband, but for which I should doubtless, have long ago succumbed, as my dear mother and one sweet sister had done, to hardships unimagined by women of other and more modern modes of home-keeping, which many younger women of today enjoy, who little heed the changes that time and advancing civilization have wrought to their relief, through public efforts like mine, else none could be found who would seek to hinder the service of love for all humanity which alone nerved me to endure the martrydom of ridicule, misrepresentation and even ostracism of which I was the victim in the early years of my lonely struggle for the equal rights for the mothers of the race which has since become a world-wide movement.

I was not a willing convert to belief in equal rights for women. Blessed with a kind father and a sober, upright husband, I grew up from childhood imbued with the teaching that it was a woman's lot to engage in a lifetime of unpaid servitude and personal sacrifice; and, whether occupied with the wash tub, the churn dash, the cook stove, the kitchen sink, the mop handle, my own often infirmities or those of the ailing baby or older children, I schooled myself to imagine that I was filling my Heaven-appointed sphere, for which final recompense awaited me in the land of souls.

As all history when once recorded, becomes practically a repetition of salient facts, I will now chronicle some reminiscences from my chapter in Mary Osborn Douthit's remarkable book, "The Souvenir of Western Women," which has not been circulated generally because the lady's untimely death ended her earthly career on the threshold of its literary usefulness.

Like the man or woman of ante-bellum days who was ready at all times to assist a runaway slave to gain his freedom, but failed to comprehend the causes underlying his predicament, I for many years contented myself with the bestowal of unstinted sympathy upon women who were not in a position to speak in their own defense. But as the years went on, and I grew in wisdom, I could not help realizing that the women whose husbands would sell our butter and eggs, pigs, chickens and dried berries, to assist in the payment of taxes, in the distribution of which we had no voice, were being "taxed without representation and governed without consent." After leaving the farm and becoming a school teacher - a change made necessary by an accident that befell my good husband in the early '60s - we settled in the town of La Fayette, where for three consecutive years (or until I became a tolerable scholar myself) I gave up the double occupation of teacher and boarding-house keeper, and we removed to Albany-on-the-Willamette. Here, after another year only of teaching (without the boarders) I embarked in trade. Prior to that time I had been brought into contact chiefly with the women of the farms. As it was during the six strenuous years that I spent in trade that I learned the absolute need of woman's full and free enfranchisement, I will, by way of illustration, relate as briefly as possible a few of the incidents that gradually awakened my understanding.

One day, late in the '60s, while I was busy in the work-room of my little store, engaged in making some fashionable millinery for an estimable woman, who, having married or inherited a competence, thought all other women ought to be content with their lot, a faded little over-worked mother of half a dozen children came to me in sore distress, saying that her husband had sold their household stufi: and departed for parts unknown. Then she told me of a family about to leave the town who would sell her a lot of furniture and rent her their house at a reasonable figure. "If I could borrow the money in a lump sum," she said, "I could repay it in installments." "Then," she added, between sobs, "I could keep my children together, with the aid of a few boarders." After she had left the store, and while I was inwardly fuming over my inability to assist her, a well-to-do and charitable man dropped in on a little errand, to whom I related her story. "Fll loan her the money," he said heartily. "She t:an give me a chattel mortgage on the furniture." I gladly arranged a meeting between the parties ; the exchange was made, and all was going well with the weary woman, when, one day, the husband returned as suddenly as he had departed, and, by repudiating the wife's note and mortgage, the sovereign citizen and law-making husband nullified the transaction and maintained the majesty of the law. It is needless to add that my philanthropic friend lost his money and became a forceful advocate of equal rights for women ever after.

The City Of Portland 57

Another and later case was that of a woman in another county, whom I had long supplied with millinery and notions, on sixty days' credit, to support a little shop, in which she managed to earn an honorable livelihood for her growing family. Her husband, a well meaning but irresponsible fellow, noted chiefly for poverty and children, was only one of the "unlucky" heads of families everybody knows, whose wife must make the living - if there is any. One springtime, after I had concluded that this man's faithful and thrifty spouse had become sufficiently established to warrant the risk, I sold her a fine stock of millinery on credit. Her business opened with unusual promise, when, one day a stranger to her, who held a judgment against her husband on an old note and mortgage (given prior to their marriage without her knowledge and renewed annually), came into the town, employed an attorney, attached her stock and closed her business. That was more than forty years ago, and I still hold the woman's note for that stock of millinery.

Prior to the year 1872 there was no married woman in all the great domain of the Pacific northwest (except the comparatively few who held claims tmder the brief existence of the donation land law) who possessed a right, after marriage, even to the bridal trousseau her father had given her as a dot. As the laws recognized the husband and wife as "one," and the husband was that "one," the wife was legally "dead," and was supposed, as a matter of course, to have no further need for clothes.

For the foregoing reasons and many others for which the limits of this chapter have no space, I was at last aroused to the necessity of demanding the ballot for woman ; and, although at this writing the final victory remains to be won, so many concessions have been made, all trending in one direction, toward the objective goal, that it would be indeed an obtuse man or woman who would doubt our ultimate and complete success.

The first law enacted by the Oregon state legislature recognizing the legal existence of married women called "The Married Woman's Sole Trader's Bill," was passed in the year 1872. This law enabled women needing its provisions to register themselves as "sole traders" in the office of their county clerk, thus protecting their personal earnings, outside of the mutual living expenses of the family, from dissipation by the husband's creditors.

A law enabling women to vote for school trustees and for funds and appropriations for public school purposes, "if they have property in the district on which they or their husbands pay a tax," was enacted in 1878. They were also empowered to fill the offices of state and county superintendents of schools, but the law was contested in 1896 by a defeated candidate and declared unconstitutional by the supreme court.

Public sentiment now encourages the employment of women as court stenographers, as clerks in both houses of the legislature, on legislative committees and in various other subordinate offices. They may serve as notaries public, and no profession or occupation is legally forbidden to them. All the large non-sectarian institutions of learning are open alike to both sexes.

n either the husband or wife die intestate and there are no descendants living, all of the real and personal property goes to the survivor, li there are children living, the widow receives one-half of the husband's real estate and one-half of his personal property; but the widower takes a life interest in all of the wife's real estate, whether there are children or not, and all of the personal property absolutely, if there are no living descendants - half if there be any. All laws have been repealed which recognize civil disabilities against the wife which are not recognized against the husband except the fundamental right of voting and helping to make the laws which she is taxed to maintain, and to which, equally with man, she is held amenable.

Of the growth of public sentiment regarding the ultimate extension of this right to women, it is significant to note that when a constitutional amendment to enfranchise woman was taken in 1884, the vote was, ayes, 11,223; noes, 28,-

176. And, although the population was more than doubled when the amendment was resubmitted in 1900, the vote throughout the state stood, ayes, 26,- 265 ; noes, 28,402. It will thus be seen that although the "no" vote was onlyaugmented in sixteen years by 226, the affirmative vote was increased by 15,042. One county gave a majority for the amendment in 1884. The vote in 1900 gave us two-thirds of the counties of the state. One county was lost by a tie, one by a majority of one, and one by a majority of thirty-one.

With the advent of the Lewis and Clarke Exposition in 1905, came for the first time into Oregon the officers and organizers of the National American Woman Suffrage Association, who held a convention in Portland in June of that year; and finding here a (to them) unprecedented array of public sentiment favoring the suffrage movement, and erroneously attributing its popularity to themselves, managed by a clever ruse to remain till after the June election of 1906, for which five years of steady local effort had paved the way leading to an initiative petition to secure, for the third time in the history of our movement, the submission of a constitutional amendment to a referendum vote of the electorate of the state ; and, though we had been sure of at least thirty-six thousand votes for the affirmative before our national friends had entered Oregon at all, and although there was no lack of logic, brilliancy or wit among our imported co-workers, they made the mistake they had often previously made in other state suffrage campaigns, of enlisting a little organization of well-meaning women of one political idea, who got up meetings for them all over the state, under a prohibition coloring, to which the business men of the state have ever since falsely accused the suffragists of pandering under a thin disguise.

Eastern and southern women do not understand the liberty-loving spirit of our western border; and their control of our campaign of 1906 brought to us our first organized opposition to our cause, that, owing to the rapid increase of negative votes from older states which followed the Lewis and Clarke Exposition, would seem hopeless but for the fact that our affirmative vote has practically held its own through two subsequent elections, while the overwhelming vote of 1910 for the reenfranchisement of the women of Washington, who had been voters in territorial days, has reassured our weary workers and brought us out of the ambush that kept us silent and defenseless through our electoral campaign of 1908 and 1910, which men voted down.

Our initiative petitions are ready for the submission of our equal suffrage amendment to the voters of 1912; and we, having emerged from seclusion, are pressing forward in the open, in the serene belief that our fathers, husbands, brothers and sons will proudly emulate the chivalrous voters oi Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Idaho and Washington, who have extended the full privileges of the elective franchise to their best and truest friends, the women within their borders. Our shibboleth for 1912 is Votes for Women, our motto for the campaign is Make Oregon Free.

Mrs. Abigail Scott Duniway, affectionately known in later years throughout the Pacific northwest as "Oregon's Grand Old Woman," having omitted in her autobiographical sketch, as chronicled in these pages, all mention of the distinguished honors accorded to her during the varying vicissitudes of her long and busy life, it falls to the pleasant lot of a friend to chronicle some of the more significant incidents of her public and private history, which have made her name a household word in thousands of homes.

Mrs. Duniway first came into prominence in 1859 through the publication of a little book entitled "Captain Gray's Company, or Crossing the Plains and Living in Oregon." "The book was never worthy of the public attention it received, and I have always wondered at its sale," said the motherly old lady in a recent interview. "It was rank presumption that induced me to write it. I was an illiterate border child- wife, the overworked mother of little children, surrounded by the crudest possible pioneer conditions, through which I began grasping blindly at unknown literary straws. I outgrew the work long before it reached the public eye and would have supressed it in its infancy if I could; but it went rapidly through two editions before it was allowed to die. It builded for me better than I knew, however, since it helped to open many devious ways to opportunities for education and advancement through which I have struggled upward for more than half a century."

After leaving the Yamhill county ranch, now the famous apple orchard founded by Millard Lownsdale, Mrs. Duniway began teaching a private school in the village of La Fayette, but its patronage being insufficient for the support of her invalid husband and growing family, she prepared a dormitory in her home and readily filled it with young lady boarders. In order to properly feed and care for these boarders and her own household, in a community where hired domestic help was not attainable, Mrs. Duniway would arise regularly at four o'clock A. M. in winter and at three o'clock in summer to complete her work in the home before nine o'clock and school time.

Selling out her school in La Fayette, we next find Mrs. Duniway teaching a private school in Linn county, in the town of Albany, from which she emerged into the millinery business, which she managed successfully for six years. Then, selling out at a profit, she startled the country by moving to Portland, where, in the spring of 1871, she bought a printing office and established a weekly newspaper - The New Northwest, which at once attracted many readers. The country was new, the people were liberal and prosperous; and her advocacy of equal political rights for women meeting with unexpected favor in Oregon, Washington and Idaho, she soon found herself regularly employed in the lecture field, where she has ranked for forty years among the most able women speakers of the world.

"I ought to have been among the richest women of America," she remarked reflectively, "but my husband, having once pauperized himself by becoming surety for an ambitious friend, went to the other extreme and refused to put his signature to my papers; and I, being his wife, was legally dead and couldn't buy property in Portland while it was cheap. But its all right," she added, with a smile. "If I had accumulated riches I might have been an anti-suffragist."

Her address before the constitutional convention in Boise, Idaho, July 16, 1889, was a masterly analyzation of the prohibition problem and resulted in securing a pledge from the leading state officials and other business men of Idaho to submit the question of equal suffrage to a vote at the first election following the territory's admission to statehood, and was an important factor in making Idaho women free.

The celebration of Oregon's fortieth year of admission to statehood was held on the 14th of February, 1899, in the house of representatives at Salem, where, before the joint assembly of the state legislature and a vast audience of visitors, among the most famous speakers of the state, Mrs. Duniway was accorded the valedictory, or place of honor on the programme, and achieved high distinction.

One of her most logical speeches on the progress of all women toward ultimate equality of rights was made at the unveiling of the statue of Sacajawea at the Lewis and Clarke Exposition in the summer of 1905 and was followed by the extension of an invitation to her from President H. W. Goode, to accept the date of October 6th as Abigail Scott Duniway Day - the first reception of its kind ever extended to any woman outside of royalty by the official head of any international fair.

In January of 1910, Mrs. Duniway was made a duly accredited delegate by Governor F. W. Benson, of Oregon, to the Conservation Congress of Governers, held in Washington, D. C, where she made an impassioned plea for national recognition of equal rights for women and was accorded much consideration by

Mrs. Duniway's descriptive poems rank high. Oregon, Land of Promise and her Centeninal Ode, the latter in commemoration of opening day at the Lewis and Clarke Exposition, being considered among her best. Numerous works of fiction appeared as serial stories in her New Northwest during the sixteen years of its publication, which their author says will be offered to the public in book form if she can ever command the time for their proper revision. Her latest book, From the West to the West, brought out by A. C. McClurg & Company, of Chicago, in 1905, still enjoys a steady sale.

Of her family of six children, her only daughter, Mrs. Clara Duniway Stearns, a beautiful and accomplished woman, died in January, 1886. Of her five sons, Willis S. is Oregon's state printer, Hubert R. is a wholesale lumber dealer in New York ; Wilkie C. is superintendent of The Portland Evening Telegram ; Clyde A. is president of the State University of Montana ; and Ralph R. is a prominent attorney of Portland. Her husband, Mr. Ben C. Duniway, passed away in August, 1896, beloved and honored by a large circle of relatives and friends. "My children are my highest achievement and principal asset," said Mrs. Duniway, with another of her motherly smiles, as the compiler of these chronicles ended a most interesting interview.

William Alexander Gordon

William Alexander Gordon, well known in the grain shipping business on the Pacific coast, was born April 29, 1864, at Woodstock, province of Ontario, Canada. He comes of Scotch lineage and is the son of the Rev. David B. Gordon, a Presbyterian minister, and the grandson of William Gordon, a well known pioneer of Canada, who lived at Bayside, Whitby. His n>other was a daughter of Alexander Bain, of Forres, Scotland, also prominent during his life in business and literary circles.

Though when a boy rather inclined toward a literary career, Mr. Gordon left school at sixteen to take a clerkship in a bank at Nevada, Iowa, but continued his studies in Latin, Greek and higher mathematics under a private tutor after banking hours for a period of three years. During this time also he became imbued with a desire to visit the Pacific coast. This idea was fostered by tales told him by his employer who had pioneered along the coast ivi the early '70s. In 1882 Mr. Gordon started for the west. Arriving in San Francisco, he found employment with the publishing house of A. L. Bancroft & Company, leaving them, however, a few months later for Portland, where he secured a position as accountant with the firm of McCraken & Mason, with whom he remained until that firm retired from business. Later he became connected with the well known firm of Allen & Lewis, filling the positions of bookkeeper and cashier and remaining with the firm some twelve years, gaining a broad and comprehensive experience that has served him in good stead in after years.

In 1898 Mr. Gordon embarked in business on his own account and was associated for several years with the late Henry F. Allen, the well known capitalist of San Francisco, and afterward with C. Lombardi, who still retains an interest in the corporation of The W. A. Gordon Company, of which Mr. Gordon is the president, and which is counted one of the conservative and substantial concerns in Portland. A branch of the company in San Francisco also transacts an extensive business.

Mr. Gordon is happily married. His wife was a Miss Garner, whose family were originally from Bourbon county, Kentucky, and related to the Peytons and Mitchells of that section. Her mother's family name was Wayne and she is a direct descendant of General Anthony Wayne of Revolutionary fame. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Gordon: Ethel Margaret, William Bain and Edward Wayne. Their education has received careful attention, the elder son being now in his junior year at AlcGill, Montreal.

Mr. Gordon is classed a republican in politics, though inclined to vote for the candidate regardless of party affiliation. He has been a member of the Arlington Club since 1897 and has served as one of its directors and its secretary. He has those qualities which make for personal popularity as well as for business success. Laying the foundation of his advancement in a through and liberal education, he has made continuous progress, early learning to correctly value life's contacts and its experiences, while at no time has he feared to venture where favoring opportunity has led the way. He is a tireless reader and student and keeps well posted in literary, political and scientific matters. He is charitably inclined, though in a quiet way, and contributes to many worthy objects.

He is fond of out-door sports and is never more happy than when following some mountain fed stream with a fishing rod in his hand. He is a member of several mountain climbing and outing clubs.

The Gordons live in a beautiful home on Montgomery Drive, Portland Heights, from which an extensive view of canyon, city and river is had and which is considered one of the loveliest points in that part of the city.

John King

John King is regarded as one of the exemplary citizens of Qarke county, Washington, whose well spent life has gained him the respect and esteem of all with whom \\e has been brought in contact. When the government owned much of the land in this district he took up a claim and is now giving his attention to its development. He was born in Fayette county, Ohio, on a farm on Compton's creek, March 26, 1835, and was but six years of age when his parents removed to Lee county, Iowa, where the father engaged in farming. John King continued in that locality until eighteen years of age, and then, attracted by the favorable reports which he heard concerning the opportunities of the northwest, he started for Oregon on the 2d of April, 1853, with an ox team, joining a wagon train of one hundred and twenty-five wagons. They proceeded westward to the Missouri river, which they crossed at St. Joseph on the 2d of May, and at that point practically left behind them the outposts of eastern civilization. Then came the long and wearisome trip over the prairies, the plains and onward to the mountains, until they reached Portland, Oregon, on the 26th of October. Mr. King, however, stopped for a time at Deschutes, Oregon, where he operated a ferry boat across the Deschutes river for eighteen days. He then came on to Portland and secured employment in a saw mill owned by W. P. Abrams & Company. Two months later he went to Benton county, Oregon, in the Willamette valley, where he continued until the fall of 1856, when he returned to Portland. So wild was the northwest and so treacherous were the Indians that there was constant need for military surveillance, and in October, 1855, Mr. King enlisted as a member of Company I, of the Oregon Volunteer Infantry under Captain L. B. Munson, of CorvalHs, the regiment being commanded by Colonel Kelley. He served in the battle of Walla Walla at Whitman Station for four days and nights, and saw active service until the following April, when he was honorably discharged in Portland.

For a time he was employed in Portland and then went out to fight the Indians at the Cascades with a number from Portland, the Indians having massacred white settlers at the point indicated. After but little service there he assisted in getting boats over the rapids for ten days, and then returned to the Willamette valley, where he spent the fall. He was afterward married and resided in the vicinity of Portland for two years, but in 1859 came to Vancouver, where he took charge of the engine in a sawmill owned by his father-in-law, Louis Love. For over four years he was thus engaged, at the end of which time he began farming on the Love ranch known as the Taylor place on the river road. Two years were devoted to agricultural pursuits and the following year was spent in Washougal. Subsequently he took a homestead, which is now the Stamp place, on La Camas Lake, but relinquished that to the government after five years and on account of the illness of his wife removed down on the Columbia river to the Love ranch and worked in a saw and flourmill. He afterward returned to Vancouver, where he entered the employ of the Oregon & California Railroad, with which he was connected for two years, when he went to Columbia City, where he built a sawmill. A year later, however, he removed to Buena Vista, where he operated a saw mill, after which he engaged in various lines of work until 1888, when he settled upon the ranch which he now owns. He took this up as a claim from the government - one hundred and sixty acres. It was mostly covered with timber and he has cleared seven acres. He has put all good improvements on the farm, has fenced the place and is now devoting his energies to the cultivation of the fields.

On the 26th of October, 1856, Mr. King was married to Miss Melinda J. Love, of Portland, the wedding being celebrated at her home, then on Clay and Front streets, in the Rose city. They became the parents of six children, but only one is now living, William D., of Portland. Mr. King has reached the advanced age of seventy-five years. He is a member of the Pioneer Society, having been a resident of Oregon since 1853. His entire life has been characterized by high principles and manly conduct. He has never played cards nor drank liquor of any kind, and has always held firmly to a course that he has believed to be right, thus commanding the entire confidence and good will of his fellowmen.

Jesse C. Hess

Jesse C. Hess, who is engaged in the conduct of a garage and automobile repair business in Portland as a member of the firm of Hess & O'Brien, was born in Wheatland, Oregon, December 29, 1882, a son of David and Sarah C. Hess, who are now residents of Montavilla. His youthful days were spent in his parents home and his preliminary educational advantages were supplemented by a course of study in Mount Angel College. He turned from his books to take up the machinist's trade, which he learned in Portland, having thorough training and practical experience in that line. After learning the trade he established a bicycle and machine shop on his own account, conducting a successful business in that line until 1908, when he sold out. He was located at No. 307 Stark street. On disposing of his interests he went to the mountains, but after a brief time returned to Portland and was engaged with the Foster Kleister Company for a short time. He then established his present business, opening a garage and automobile repair shop on the 5th of July, 1909. The business was incorporated on the 5th of November of the same year under the name of Hess & O'Brien, for Mr. Hess had admitted R. D. O'Brien to a partnership in the undertaking. At one time George F. Brice was also interested in the business but sold out to Messrs. Collins and Younger, who are now stockholders of the corporation, while Mr. Hess purchased the interest of his original partner, Mr. O'Brien. He is the secretary and treasurer of the company, While L. Collins fills the position of president and G. E. Younger is vice president. On the 1st of June the business was removed to a building erected especially for this company. It is one hundred feet square, situated at the corner of Davis street and Union avenue, and they also occupy the old building

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On the i8th of February, 1905, Mr. Hess was united in marriage to Miss Harriet Lavene Madden, a native of Portland. While the young man is making substantial progress in the field in which he now labors, his energy and determination - his salient characteristics - promise well for success in the future.

Dennis S. Murphy

Few men have had the experiences by sea and land which have fallen to the lot of Dennis S. Murphy. Starting as a cabin boy in a government war ship on the Atlantic, he visited the principal ports of the great ocean and after years of labor, involving many hardships and adventures, he found a safe harbor on the Pacific coast. Here he is now living retired, surrounded by the comforts of an elegant home and daily greeted by friends with whom he can exchange reminiscences of earlier times. The story of these early years of Mr. Murphy's life is more interesting than any tale drawn from the imagination, and presents most strikingly the career of the sailor as it was exemplified before the period of the Civil war, and before the fast modern steamship began to plow the ocean.

Dennis S. Murphy was born in County Cork, Ireland, December 23, 1835. He is a son of John and Mary Murphy. His father was engaged in the shipping business in the old country and there he died in 1846, while the subject of this sketch was quite young. At eleven years of age Dennis Murphy came to America with his mother in a sailing ship, landing at Boston after a voyage of seven weeks. The family resided in Boston until 1849, when Mrs. Murphy moved to Lawrence, Massachusetts. The son was educated in the public schools, but in order to assist in the support of his mother, left school to work in a woolen factory at Lawrence. At seventeen years of age the call of the sea drew him from the spindle and the loom and in the port of Charlestown, Massachusetts, he joined the battleship Ohio and was enrolled as cabin boy, continuing under Captain Long for about six months. In 1853 he went to sea from Boston on the ship Sarah, on a trading trip to the western coast of South America. In April, 1854, he joined the Merrimac as ordinary seaman on a voyage across the Atlantic with a load of lumber, the ship next going to one of the German ports and picking up a lot emigrants for New York. His next experience was as ordinary seaman on a passenger ship, the Mercury, which made a round trip to France. Upon returning he shipped on the R. A. DeGamble for St. Marks, Florida, where a load of cotton destined for the New York market was taken on board. At New York he transferred his allegiance to the Lovett Peacock, bound for Savannah, Georgia, from which port the young sailor went to the West Indies with the Emma Chase. Returning to New York he visited the port of Havana, on the bark Albertina, and returned with a cargo of sugar, rum, molasses, etc. A trip to Nova Scotia followed with the bark Byron, which, loaded with lumber, was immediately followed by a voyage on the Demarara to British Guiana, on the northern coast of South America, and to Turk Island, for a load of salt which was conveyed to Providence, Rhode Island. Still desirous of further experience at sea, the now thoroughly experienced sailor joined the ship Hadie for Shanghai and Hongkong, China, then embarking with the N. B. Palmer, of New York, for Siam, where the ship was loaded with rice for Hongkong. From this port he shipped with the Mary Wenholt, landing for the first time in San Francisco in 1857. Here he began to feel at home. Entering the coast trade, he made three trips to Panama and continued on the coast vessels until 1862. He then became connected with the Oregon Steam Navigation Company, continuing with this company and with Oregon Railway & Navigation Company, its successor, until September, 1908, when he retired from active affairs.

Since 1880 he has made his home in Portland and few business or sea-faring men of the northwest have a wider circle of friends and acquaintances. In the course of his long career he has passed through many vicissitudes and has been personally acquainted with many of the prominent characters of the coast, who have now passed from the state. As the shadows of evening draw near- the veteran of six decades in many seas and lands looks back with few regrets as his life has been in an important degree governed by the wise teachings of a mother whose chief regard was for the comfort and welfare of her children.

Mr. Murphy was united in marriage at The Dalles, Oregon, April 27, 1874, to Miss May Croden Horsley, a daughter of Joseph and Isabella (Wright) Horsley. Eleven children came as a result of the marriage : Mary Isabella, now Mrs. W. P. Sinnatt, of Portland; John F., who died at the age of nine years; Ralph, of Portland, who married Lulu Thomas, the couple having one child, Herold; Edward M., of Burke, Idaho, married to Esther Larson, one child, Mary E., having been born to them; Anna C. ; Maude E. ; Edna C. ; Florence W. ; Chester M.; and Julia A., all of whom are at home; and one who passed away in infancy.

Mrs. Murphy is a native of Stockton, California. Her father came to California in 1849 ^"d was a mining man. He joined the Union army in 1862 and saw service against the Indians in New Mexico. He died in 1862 at Stockton, California. Mrs. Murphy came to Oregon the same year with her mother, and here met her future husband. She was born and reared in the fold of the Roman Catholic church and has always adhered, as has her husband, to its tenets. Although the educational advantages of Mr. Murphy in his youth were limited, he has learned many lessons in the greater school of experience, and in the course of a long life of contact with all classes of men had deeply impressed upon his mind the advantages of sobriety, industry and economy, and of square dealing in all business transactions, public or private. In his own life as a citizen and head of a large family he has illustrated the practical principles that make civilized society possible and at the age of seventy-five is one of the honored members of a community where for thirty years he has lived and worked and cheerfully borne his share of the burdens. He now enjoys, in the evening of a busy life, a well earned rest.

Hiram Terwilliger

Among the pioneer families of Oregon the name of Terwilliger will always occupy a prominent place. James Terwilliger arrived in Oregon from a home in Illinois, nearly two thousand miles away, by overland trail, in 1845, ^"^ built the first house in Portland. Terwilliger Park, one of the beautiful breathing spots of Portland, is a gift from the family and its members have been actively connected, since the early occupancy by white settlers of the Willamette valley, with the movements which have resulted in the gratifying development witnessed today.

Hiram Terwilliger, whose name stands at the head of this review, is a well known ranchman and miner, now living retired and spending the closing days of a long and active career amid the scenes with which his father was familiar for many years. He was born at Vernon, Knox county, Ohio, March 6, 1840, a son of James and Sophronia (Hurd) Terwilliger. Both families were of Holland Dutch descent, the Terwilligers, as shown by the colonial records, being among the first settlers of New York. The great-grandmother of Hiram Terwilliger on his father's side was owner of a large tract of land on the site where New York city now stands. James Terwilliger was a blacksmith of Knox county, Ohio. In 1841 he joined a movement that was then attracting a great deal of attention and turning his face westward, removed to

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Hancock county, Illinois, on the Mississippi river, which had already attracted the favorable notice of the Mormon leader, Joseph Smith. Here many of the Latter Day Saints were gathering and at Naiivoo they erected a temple and aroused great antagonism on the part of many of their neighbors. James Terwilliger built a blacksmith shop, at a crossroads, where he also took up land for a farm. The Mormons continuing to arrive from eastern states and from Europe, he yielded to their solicitations and, selling his farm, decided to accompany them to the new northwest. This was before the time of the gold excitement, and when farming, fur trading and merchandising were about the only occupations known in the great regions between the Mississippi river and the Pacific coast. Mr. Terwilliger started for his new home with a team of four oxen drawing an emigrant wagon in which were his wife and four children, and a few of the most urgent necessities of pioneer life, among them his ax, gun and ammunition. The trip required six months, from April to October, but proved too severe for Mrs. Terwilliger, who yielded to the hardships and died before the caravan reached the end of its journey. Her husband, being left with four children, bravely took up the responsibility. Arriving in the valley where Portland now stands, October 3, 1845, he at once proceeded to the erection of a log cabin at what is now the corner of First and Morrison streets. He also built a blacksmith shop and resumed work at his trade amid new surroundings, being the first blacksmith in Portland. In 1847 Mr. Terwilliger was married to Mrs. Palinda Green, and in 1850 the family home was established in South Portland. He secured a tract of six hundred and forty acres of land, now within the boundaries of Portland, which afterward became a donation claim, eighty-one acres being still in possession of our subject, who resides thereon. This land became very valuable as the city grew, and portions from time to time were sold off for residence purposes. Mr. Terwilliger was one of the leaders in the early days and was actively connected with public affairs. He served as colonel of the state militia and gained the respect of his associates who were among the substantial citizens of Portland. His earthly career terminated in 1890, when he had reached the advanced age of four score and four years. The tract of land now known as Terwilliger Park was originally donated to the city as a cemetery but was later dedicated to its present use and is a permanent monument to a man who was one of the first to discern the possibilities of this site as the location of a growing city.

Hiram Terwilliger was five years of age when he crossed the plains and his eye first rested upon the beautiful Willamette valley. He has witnessed the transformation of a wilderness into a modern city, possessing all the comforts, conveniences and elegancies of the twentieth century, and in this transformation he has assisted. He was educated in the early schools of Portland and at Forest Grove, when, in 1849, nearly all the able-bodied men hurried to California in quest of golden treasure, the children being gathered at Forest Grove where school advantages were not interrupted. In 1862 Mr. Terwilliger went to the mines of Idaho and later, for four years, worked in a logging camp in Oregon. Attracted to the water, he followed the sea for three years, operating along the coast. For a year and a half, in 1869 and 1870, he conducted a feed and grocery store in Portland but became interested in the dairy business in Tillamook county, where he continued for four years. He has since resided in Portland and has extensively engaged in ranching and mining. His home occupies a beautifully improved site of one and a half acres, and he is also the owner of seventy-five acres of land in Portland and an interest at the corner of First street and Morrison, where his father originally settled.

Mr. Terwilliger was united in marriage at Tillamook, Oregon, July 12, 1869, to Aliss Mary Edwards, a daughter of Joseph and Margaret Edwards, who crossed the plains in 1862 and settled at Tillamook. Mrs. Terwilliger is a native of Keokuk, Iowa. Four children were born of this union : James, of Portland; Joseph, also of Portland, who married Elizabeth Barrett; Charlotte, now

Mrs. Frank Butz, of this city, who has two daughters, Latha and Ethel; and Virtue, the wife of Edward Rogers, of Portland, by whom she has three children, Ruth, George and Mildred.

Mr. Terwilliger, like his father before him, has experienced many of the joys and sorrows of life and gained many lessons which are only to be learned by actual contact with men and affairs. He years ago attained prominence and prosperity and is recognized as a worthy representative of a name which has been borne by many useful and conscientious men and women and is honored not only on the Pacific coast but equally so on the coast of the Atlantic. He affiliates with the republican party but has never cared for public office.

Henry Wagner

Henry Wagner has been a representative of the farming interests of Clarke county, Washington, since 1883, and since 1877 has resided in the Columbia river valley, his parents taking their family to the city of Portland in that year. He was born in Germany on the 13th of April, 1864, and when three years of age came to the United States with his father and mother, Henry and Wilhelmina (Reese) Wagner, who at that time settled in Chicago.

At the usual age their son Henry became a pupil in the public schools, which he attended until thirteen years of age, when, in 1877, the parents sought a home in the Pacific northwest, becoming residents of Portland. There the father died in 1895 but the mother is now living upon the farm with her two sons, Henry and William, who are cultivating the farm together. The latter was born in Chicago and since coming to the west the two brothers have had identical business interests. The family lived in Portland for two years after their arrival in Oregon and then removed to The Dalles, where Henry Wagner grew to young manhood. In March, 1883, when but twenty years of age, he came to Clarke county, settling on a ranch of one hundred and sixty acres eight miles east of Vancouver, which the family purchased at that time. It was all timber land but the brothers cleared and improved it and now have forty-five acres under cultivation. The soil is very rich and productive and responds readily to the care and labor bestowed upon it. In 1900 they erected a fine modern residence, containing ten rooms. They have fenced their place and have thus divided it into fields of convenient size, and all modern equipments are found, indicating their progressive spirit. They are engaged in general farming and make a specialty of the raising of grain and potatoes, and are also carrying on a dairy business while a considerable income is obtained from cutting and hauling wood. Henry Wagner is an energetic man, whose life has been characterized by unremitting industry and close application, and thus he has carved out for himself the path to success.

Wallace W. Patterson

Wallace W. Patterson, who is engaged in a general plastering business, in which connection important contracts are awarded him, so that he has achieved a substantial and gratifying measure of success, was born in South Haven Michigan, May 25, 1864. The first six years of his life were there spent, after which his parents, Moses and Mary Elizabeth Patterson, removed with their family to Wood county, Ohio, where he remained until about seventeen years of age and then came to Portland with his mother and older brother, Frederick. This was in 1882.^ His education had been acquired in the public schools of Wood county, his time being largely devoted to his studies until his left for the far west.