Portland, Oregon - Portland, Oregon, Its History and Builders : in Connection with the An (part 22 of 25)

On reaching the United States, Mr. O'Hare settled first in New York city, where he followed his trade, working as journeyman from his arrival in 1870 until 1874. He then left the eastern metropolis for San Francisco, where he remained for a number of years, going thence to Portland in 1880. He crossed the continent in one of the old time emigrant trains run by the Southern Pacific. After removing to Portland, he secured employment as journeyman, continuing in the service of others for about eight years, when in 1888 he began contracting. As journeyman he worked on the Lincoln high school and also on the state-house at Salem. After he became a contractor he was connected with the construction of many important buildings, having plastering contracts for the Methodist Episcopal church, the Mohawk building, at the southeast corner of Morrison and Third streets, owned by the Corbetts, the United States National Bank, the First National Bank building and the Jewish synagogue. He also did the plastering in St. Vincent's Hospital, the Jefferson high school, the Marquam building and in the home that was built by the Sisters of the Holy Name at Oswego. He was also awarded the plastering contract for the new courthouse, which is in process of erection in Portland at the present time. Among his more recently completed contracts was the Baker Theatre and the building lately erected by Daniel McKay at Third and Yamhill streets. He stands as a leader in his es-

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On the 1st of January, 1889, Mr. O'Hare was united in marriage to Miss Mary Moren, a daughter of Michael and Jane (King) Moren, and a native of County Rosscommon, Ireland. Of the six children born unto them one died in infancy and the others are: Mary Jane, Vincent John, Anna Elizabeth, x\lice Virginia and Francis Edward. The parents and children are members of the Catholic church and Mr. O'Hare is a prominent member of the Ancient Order of Hibernians, serving as its state president for six years He is also connected in membership relations with the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and he has an interesting military chapter in his life record, for he was formerly a member of the Oregon National Guard and in 1884 was commissioned by Z. F. Moody as captain after having previously served as lieutenant of Company B, Second Brigade, First Regiment, known as Emmet Guards. His military training is noticeable in his bearing and he always feels a deep interest in the military organizations of the state.

Ever loyal to his adopted land, Mr. O'Hare has never regretted his determination to come to America, for he regards business conditions here as superior to those in the land of his birth, and in the improvement of the opportunities which have come to him he has worked his way upward from a humble position to one of affluence.

Perry G. Baker

In a history of those who have been factors in the life of Portland, definite consideration should be paid to Perry G. Baker, for he and his wife were the first couple ever married in Multnomah county, and with many events which marked the early progress of this section he was associated. A native of Virginia, he was left an orphan when very young. His father was a blacksmith in the Old Dominion, and in his youthful days Perry G. Baker assisted his father in the shop, which was located on an Indian reservation in that state. The educational advantages which Perry G. Baker received were those afforded by the public schools of Virginia, and he remained a resident of his native state until early manhood, when he came to Oregon in 1854, his brother, William Baker, having already taken up his abode. Perry G. Baker was one of the early contractors here, doing much street work. He also dug the foundation for the first free school in Portland, and was awarded contracts for improving several of the principal streets of the city. He continued in that business until a few years prior to his death, when he retired and gave his supervision to his property, for he had invested in real estate from time to time until his holdings were quite extensive. The income from his property in later years was quite substantial and relieved him of the necessity for close attention to business which was so necessary in his earlier residence here.

Mr. Baker was married at St. Johns to Miss Maria Loomis. The wedding ceremony, performed January 11, 1855, by Solomon Richards, justice of the peace, was the first ever celebrated in Multnomah county. Mrs. Baker was born July 18, 1835, a daughter of James and Sarah Loomis, who crossed the plains from Missouri in 1844. They had formerly resided in the east. On reaching Oregon they settled near St. Johns, where the father took up a donation claim, and both he and his wife remained on that property until called to their final rest. Mr. Loomis became one of the early merchants of St. Johns and also of Portland. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Baker were born nine children. Sarah E. married William Everson of Portland, but both are now deceased. They had three children : Lottie, who married Dr. Hokem and has three children, Blair, Roger and Marion; Cora, who married Mr. Cousins and has one child, Harriet; and

Emma, the wife of William Brown, by whom she has one daughter, Helen. Emma Baker, the second member of the family, is the wife of Robert Austin of Portland, and has one son, Perry, who married Burrell Graham. Frances became the wife of James Berry and both have passed away. They had three children: Katherine; John, who married Hazel Long; and Marie, the deceased wife of Peter Mansiet. Mary Baker is the wife of Abraham Tishner of Portland, and has one child, Hazel. Clara is the wife of John Anan, of Portland, and has a daughter Mattie, who married Mr. Funder and has one child, Donald. John W. Baker of Portland, wedded Mary Heft and has one son, John O. Agnes died at the age of sixteen years. Other children of the family died in infancy.

The death of Mr. Baker occurred on June 28, 1903, and his grave was made in Riverview cemetery. He was a member of the volunteer fire department of Portland and was a republican in politics but never held office. His hfe was a busy, useful, well spent one, and his activity and reliability won him the respect and confidence of his fellowmen. His widow is still living in Portland and has made her home in or near this city since 1844. She is a member of the Pioneer Society and is well known among the residents of the state who have lived within the borders of Oregon from a period antedating i860.

Richard Holmes

It is a noticeable fact in reviewing the lives of pioneers that the early comers in the northwest were not all farmers. Among those who braved the perils incident to the development of a newly opened country were merchants and traders, lawyers, physicians, school teachers, clergymen, miners, mechanics and men skilled in many other occupations that might be named. One of these, Richard Holmes, now deceased, was a mechanic. He learned the carpenter's trade at his old home in the east and for many years worked at that trade in Oregon. Pie did the first and last work on Trinity church at the corner of Fifth and Stark streets in Portland, and through his skill and energy assisted in the transformation of the log cabin into the handsome and commodious dwelling house of more modern times. It requires many minds and many hands to build up a settled community, and it is to men like Mr. Holmes that much of the credit is due for the happy conditions which now prevail in Oregon and other states of the Pacific coast.

Mr. Holmes was a native of Kings county, New Jersey, born June 13, 1830. His father, who was a shoemaker, decided that his son should be properly educated in the public schools and that he should learn a trade. The son was duly apprenticed as a carpenter, and at twenty years of age, having mastered the use of saw and hammer, he started west. His destination was a land which returning travelers reported to be the richest and most productive region of the earth. It abounded in great forests, threaded by navigable rivers, and with a climate, especially within one hundred or two hundred miles of the ocean, the like of which man had never known before. The young mechanic drove an ox team across the plains and arrived in Yamhill county, Oregon, where, in 1852, he located upon a section of land.

Here Mr. Holmes was married to Margaret Harrison and three children were born : Thomas, now of Sellwood, Oregon, who married Margaret Southeriand and had one daughter, Alice, now married ; Charles S., deceased ; and Oliver W., of Portland, who married Anna L. Jackson and had one daughter, Beatrice, who passed away at the age of sixteen years. Mrs. Holmes died about 1859.

During the trouble with the Cayuse Indians, in 1855 and 1856, he was a member of Captain Ankeny's company of Oregon Volunteers and remained in service until the outbreak was quelled. He spent twelve years in the mines of

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Idaho, returning each year, however, to attend to the wants of his children and arrange for their welfare and education. He was again married in Portland July 12, 1871, his second union being with Mrs. Mary L. Alexander, widow of Dominicus Alexander.

After his return to Portland Mr. Holmes worked at his trade until 1882 and then embarked in the grocery business which he carried on for seven years. At the end of that time he removed to Tillamook county where he bought a farm and made his home for sixteen years. He next went to The Dalles where he purchased property and resided for five months. The following two years were spent in Wasco county and at the end of that time he returned to Portland, where he passed away on the 17th of August, 1908. His last years were spent in retirement from labor. In early life he was a member of the Masonic fraternity and at the time of his death was an honored member of the Oregon Pioneer Society and Indian War Veterans. He was a man of high character and laudable enterprise and made many friends who admired him for his excellent qualities of heart and mind. Entering upon his business career with no resources except the determination to succeed and a strong constitution, he performed a valiant service during a long life of usefulness which abounded in many acts of charity and helpfulness to others. His career was one to which his descendants may always refer with pride.

Mrs. Holmes is a native of Minot, Maine, and is a daughter of Jeremiah and Mary (Gilson) Cummings. Her father, who was engaged in the sawmill business, died in the east, but her mother passed her declining years in Oregon. In early womanhood Mrs. Holmes gave her hand in marriage to Dominicus Alexander, of Maine, who died at Yreka, California, leaving two children, Ellen F. and Mary L. The former was twice married, her first husband being Frank Biehle, of Portland, and her second William T. Humbert. She died in California at the age of fifty years, leaving three sons : Richard, Benjamin and Walter. Mary L. Alexander married Harrison Dufur, of Portland, and became the mother of two children : Blanche G. and Andrew. Mrs. Holmes came to the west in 1868, and for more than forty years has now been a resident of Oregon. Her life has been one of activity and unselfishness, and she has made a host of warm friends.

Lewis L. Smith

Although one of the more recent acquisitions to the ranks of Portland's manufacturers Lewis L, Smith has worked his way upward to a creditable position among those whose enterprise and industry constitute the basis of success. He is now engaged in the manufacture of brick and his recently enlarged plant indicates the growth of the business.

Mr. Smith is a native of Iowa but in his boyhood days became a resident of Indiana, where he remained until twenty years of age. His education was acquired in the public schools there and through the periods of vacation he engaged in farm labor and after putting aside his text-books engaged in farming in that state until the 15th of March, 1902. BeHeving that better business opportunities might be secured on the coast he came to Oregon in March, 1902, and, settling in Portland, followed dififerent lines of work for two years. He afterward engaged in teaming for three years and in 1907 began the manufacture of brick. Although he has only been engaged in this line for three years he has already won notable success. The growth of his trade has made it necessary to increase his plant and recent additions made thereto give it a capacity of forty thousand brick daily. The excellence of the output insures a continuance of the trade and the business is becoming recognized as one of the leading industrial interests of the kind in Portland. In the manufacture quality is never sacrificed

On the 25th of September, 1892, Mr. Smith was united in marriage to Miss Lida Roberts of Indiana, and they now have seven children, namely : Margvierite, Forrest, Marion, Francis, Donald, Eva and Willard. Mr. Smith has never sought prominence outside the field of business but in developing his industrial interests displays marked energy, determination, resolute purpose and laudable ambition. He knows that unremitting labor is the basis of success and thus closely applies himself to his business affairs, and thereby is winning well merited prosperity.

Charles P. Holloway

Twenty-seven years' connection with the United States mail service stands as incontrovertible proof of both ability and fidelity on the part of Charles P. Holloway, who is now filling the responsible position of superintendent of mails of the Portland postoffice. There are other chapters in his life record equally creditable. One particular, covering the period of his service in the Civil war, is deserving of more than passing notice.

A native of Richmond, Wayne county, Indiana, he was born on the lOth of October, 1849, a son of David P. and Jane A. (Paulson) Holloway. The father was a very prominent politician and publisher in Indiana. By appointment of President Lincoln he served as commissioner of patents from 1861 until 1865 and remained in Washington, D. C, as a patent attorney until his death.

Charles P. Holloway acquired his education in the public schoods and remained at home until after the outbreak of the Civil war, when his patriotic spirit was aroused by the continued attempt of the south to overthrow the Union and he joined the Federal troops on the 8th of February, 1862, enlisting from Marion county to serve for three years or throughout the war. He was mustered into the United States service at Newmarket, Kentucky, February 8, 1862, as a private of Company C, Fifty-seventh Regiment of Indiana Volunteer Infantry, under command of Colonel John W. T. McMullen. He had three brothers who were also soldiers of the Union army, John M. Holloway having been engaged in active duty with Company L, Sixth Indiana Cavalry, in which he served as first lieutenant, while Harry C. Holloway was captain and commissary of subsistence in the Iron Brigade, and Allen T. Holloway served with the Eighty-fourth Indiana Volunteers. Colonel William R. Holloway, the fourth brother, was private secretary to Governor Morton, the war governor of Indiana, and now resides in Indianapolis, where he was postmaster and managing editor of the Indianapolis Journal.

From the time of his enlistment Charles P. Holloway was continuously on active duty with his regiment. The Soldiers and Sailors Historical and Benevolent Society gives the following record : This regiment was recruited in the fifth and eleventh congressional districts and was mustered into the United States service at Richmond, Indiana, November 18, 1861. December loth it moved to Indianapolis, where it remained until December 23d, when it moved to Louisville, Kentucky, and reported to General Buell. Here it was assigned to the Sixth Division of the Army of the Ohio, then organizing at Bardstown, Kentucky, to which place the regiment marched. Soon afterward it moved to Lebanon, hence to Munfordsville, Kentucky, thence marched to Nashville, Tennessee, arriving there early in March, 1862, and remained there refitting and drilling until March 21, when it moved to Pittsburg Landing, arriving on the battlefield of Shiloh April 7th, and soon became actively engaged. It participated in the siege of Corinth, Mississippi, April 30th to May 30, 1862, then marched into North Alabama, where it remained until the middle of July, 1862, when it marched again into Middle Tennessee, remaining on duty near Tulla- homa and McMinnville, until about September ist, when it started on the campaign against Bragg in Kentucky, and participated in the battle of Perryville or Chaplin Hill, Kentucky, October 8, 1862. It returned to Nashville, Tennessee, December ist, and remained there during that month, being frequently engaged in skirmishes while guarding forage trains. At the battle of Stone river or Murfreesboro, Tennessee, December 31, 1862, to January 2, 1863, the Fifty-seventh suffered severely, and greatly distinguished itself. It remained in camp near Murfreesboro until June 24, 1863, when it started on the Tullahoma campaign, after which it remained in camp near Pelham until August 16, 1863, then started on the Chattanooga campaign. It participated in the battle of Chickamauga, Georgia, and Missionary Ridge, Tennessee, having been assigned to Sheridan's (Second) Division of the Fourth Corps. It formed part of the column sent to the relief of Burnside at Knoxville, Tennessee, during the winter of 1863-64, which campaign was unequaled for hardships and privations. January i, 1864, the regiment veteranized and in March the men went home on furlough. It rejoined the Fourth Corps May 5, 1864, and took part in the the Atlanta Campaign, including engagements of Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, Adairsville, Dallas, New Hope Church, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, siege of Atlanta, and Jonesboro, Georgia. It pursued Hood into Alabama and afterward formed part of General Thomas' army which resisted the rebel invasion of Tennessee. It participated in the battle of Franklin, November 30th, sustaining a severe loss especially in prisoners, and also in the battle of Nashville, Tennessee, December 15-16, 1864. It encamped at Huntsville, Alabama, several months, and in April, 1865, moved to Bull's Gap, East Tennessee, thence to Nashville, where it remained until July, then moved to Texas, where it was engaged on guard and garrison duty until December, 1865, when it was mustered out.

"The said Charles P. Holloway was with the Fifty-seventh Indiana until after the battle of Murfreesboro, Tennessee, when he was honorably discharged for promotion as second lieutenant in the Bocking's Greek Fire Battery, Light Artillery, but that organization disbanded.

"He reenlisted on the nth day of March, 1864, at Indianapolis, Indiana, to serve three years or during the war, and was mustered into the United States service as a private of Captain Press J. O'Bannon's Company C, Seventeenth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, Colonel John T. Wilder commanding.

"The Seventeenth Indiana Infantry was organized at Camp Morton, Indianapolis, during May, 1861, and was mustered into the United States service on the 1 2th of June, 1861, for three years' service. July ist, the command moved to Parkersburg, Virginia, via Cincinnati, Ohio, and on the 23d proceeded to the north branch of the Potomac river, and until August 7th was engaged in constructing the fortifications known as Camp Pendleton. October 3d, took part in the battle of Green Brier, Virginia, losing one killed. On the 12th of March, the regiment arived at Nashville, Tennessee, and on the 29th proceeded to Shiloh, reaching there just after the battle of that place, and proceeded with the brigade to Corinth, Mississippi, taking an active part in the siege operations there. Upon the evacuation of Corinth, pursued the enemy to McMinnville. where it overtook Forrest, attacked and routed him. The regiment was assigned to Crook's Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Cumberland, and during the winter of 1862-63, while encamped at Bardstown, near Louisville, Kentucky, it was mounted and armed with Spencer rifles, with which effective weapons each man became the equal of sixteen rebels. June 24th, the command moved to Hoover's Gap, where the Seventeenth gallantly repulsed several attacks by the rebels, captured seventy-five prisoners, one hundred and twenty-five stands of arms, driving the enemy to Manchester ; it proceeded on a raid through Tennessee, scouting the country in many directions, and engaging in many skirmishes and expeditions during the summer and fall, in the vicinity of Chattanooga and Chickamauga; September 19th and 20th, the command was actively engaged in the battle of Chickamauga, Georgia, capturing a great number of prisoners and arms. October 7th, engaged at Shelbyville, and until January, 1864, the regiment participated in numerous skirmishes and raids. January 4, 1864, two hundred and eighty-six men of the regiment reenlisted as veterans, and after a veteran furlough the command returned to Nashville, Tennessee, April 25th, and it joined Sherman's Army then on the march to Atlanta, May loth, and from this time on until October 31st, the Seventeenth was actively and constantly engaged in the cavalry and scouting operations incident to the march upon and capture of Atlanta, and the pursuit of Hood's retreating army northward. During this campaign the command was conspicuously engaged at Pumpkin Vine Church, Big Shanty, Belle Plain Road, Kenesaw Mountain, Marietta, Chattahoochie river (being the first troops to cross this stream), Stone and Goshen. November ist, the regiment left Rome, Georgia, for Louisville, Kentucky, where it was remounted, and on January 8, 1865, reached Nashville, Tennessee, whence it marched to Gravelly Springs, Alabama. March 12th it marched with General Wilson's Cavalry command into Alabama, taking part in engagements at Ebenezer Church, Selma, Alabama and Macon, Georgia, where it captured three thousand prisoners, including four generals; the command, performing post duty, remained in camp at Macon, Georgia, until mustered out of the United States service August 8, 1865.

"The said Charles P. Holloway was promoted to corporal of Company C, Fifty-seventh Indiana, and to quartermaster of the Seventeenth Indiana. Lie bore a gallant part in all engagements of the Seventeenth Infantry beginning with Nashville, Tennessee, and rendered faithful and meritorious service to his country. He received a final honorable discharge at Indianapolis, Indiana, on the 8th day of August, 1865, by reason of close of war."

Upon the close of the war Mr. Holloway made his way to San Francisco, California, arriving in that city on the 22d of February, 1866. He entered the service of the Wells Fargo Stage Company as a messenger in overland staging, acting as messenger for the superintendent and later became a driver, remaining with the company until September, 1868. This proved a thrilling experience. Subsequently he entered the employ of Hill Beachy at Winnemucca, Nevada, in pony express work with the Silver City stage line, remaining with that concern until 1872. This also proved a very exciting life, for he had many encounters with Indians, bandits, etc. He next went to Los Angeles, California, and entered the employ of the Telegraph Stage Company as driver, acting in that capacity until the completion of the Southern Pacific Railroad. Afterward he served the Oregon California Stage Company at Yreka, California, for six months and then became connected with the Utah, Oregon & Idaho Stage Company, from Huntington to Baker City, Oregon, continuing therewith until he came to Portland in 1883.

Entering the government service in 1883, Mr. Holloway was appointed railway mail clerk, which position he continued to fill for twelve years. On the expiration of that period he was promoted to the position of superintendent of mails and has since acted in that capacity, being now in the Portland postoffice in that connection. No higher enconium of his ability and loyalty could be given than the fact that he has been so long retained in the office. In his present position he manifests excellent executive ability and has carefully systematized the work of his department, so that there is no delay or loss of time in any particular.

On the i8th of April, 1888, in Hailey, Blaine county, Idaho, Mr. Holloway was united in marriage to Miss Bessie Heron, and unto them has been born a daughter, Mamie. Mr. Holloway's interest in military afifairs did not cease with his active service at the front. He has filled all of the offices in the local organization of the Grand Army of the Republic, and for ten years was honored with the position of commander in the U. S. Grant Post, No. 17, at Huntington, Oregon. His membership is now in Sumner Post, No. 12, G. A. R. He stands as one of the prominent representatives of the order in Oregon, having been junior vice department commander of the state in 1891, while for three years he was chief mustering officer of the department and in 1898 was department commander of the Department of Oregon. He also served as aid-de-camp to the national commander, I. N. Walker. Mrs. Holloway is widely interested in the work of the ladies' auxiliary organization and has held the office of senior vice president in' Sumner Corps, No. 21, W. R. C. She is also connected with the Women of Woodcraft. Both Mr. and Mrs. Holloway are well known in Portland, where personal qualities have won them high regard, gaining them the enduring friendship of many with whom they have come in contact.

John Waggener, Jr

Although the Waggener family is of Holland origin, it has been so long represented in this country as to be distinctively American. In the year 1688 Wilhelm Waggener took passage from Holland with William III for England, and about 1700 emigrated to America, settling first at Jamestown, Virginia. His son William participated in the battle in which Braddock met defeat and served as a lieutenant under General Washington during the Revolutionary war. He did valiant service in the cause of liberty and was present at the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown, Virginia. His son Herbert Waggener was born in Culpeper county, Virginia, where in 1799 occurred the birth of his son Burgess Waggener. The mother of Burgess Waggener bore the maiden name of Willis. In 1812 the family was established in Adair county, Kentucky, where James S. Waggener, son of Burgess Waggener, was born in 182 1. His mother bore the maiden name of Shipp and came from the Yadkin country in North Carolina. James S. Waggener accompanied his parents to Shelby county, Indiana, in 1824, and after living for many years in that state removed in 1846 to Iowa. He was postmaster at Knoxville, Iowa, during the period of the Civil war and subsequently served as postmaster at Greenfield, that state. In 1840 he was married to Malinda Allen, who was bom in Kentucky in 1821. After residing for about three decades in Iowa, James S. Waggener came with his family to Oregon, in December, 1875, and was prominent in the public life of the community in which he made his home. He served as treasurer of Washington county, this state, for two terms and a part of the third, after which he resigned on account of illness. He died in Vancouver, 'Washington, December 2, 1907, while his wife passed away at Hillsboro, Oregon. They were the parents of twelve children, of whom four sons served in the Civil war, the eldest dying in the Andersonville prison.

The ancestry of the Allen family can be traced back to a remote period. The father of Mrs. Malinda (Allen) Waggener was Joseph Allen, who was a soldier at the battle of New Orleans and claimed direct descent from Ethan Allen of Revolutionary war fame. The family, of Scotch-Irish lineage, removed from Vermont to Kentucky. The maiden name of Mrs. Joseph Allen was Gillespy. The Waggener family was also represented in the war of the Revolution by Andrew Waggener of Virginia, who became a captain of the Twelfth Virginia on the 20th of June, 1776. He was transferred to the Eighth Virginia, September 14, 1778, and became major, December 15, 1778; was taken prisoner at Charleston May 12, 1780; and retired February 12, 178 1. He died May 27, 181 3. Henry Waggener of Pennsylvania, was made a second lieutenant of the Second Pennsylvania Hne in January, 1777, became first lieutenant on the nth of March, 1779, and resigned on the 3d of May of that year.

John Waggener, Jr., acquired his education in the common schools of Iowa and was reared to farm life, early becoming familiar with all the duties and labors that fall to the lot of the agriculturist. In harvest time he was a sack sewer and he did all kinds of work, including sawing logs and felling trees. Through the period of his youth and early manhood he also clerked in a store and warehouse, kept books, was agent for a railway company and spent five years in the mail service. He came with the family to Oregon, and in December, 1883, embarked in the book, stationery and music business at Vancouver, Washington, where he continued until September, 1909, when he sold out. Twentysix years' connection with the trade indicates something of the success which attended him during this period. He enjoyed a gradually increasing business and a liberal patronage brought him a substantial financial return. During that period he was also active in public life, having been elected county treasurer in 1895 for a term of two years, during which period Clarke county was placed on a cash basis. As time passed on and he prospered, Mr. Waggener made investments in real estate and is now the owner of property both in Washington and Oregon. Several years ago he took up photography, and is now making scenic photography of the Pacific coast his work and "hobby." With the thoroughness which characterizes him in all things, he has attained a high degree of elificiency in the art, many of his views equalling if not surpassing the best that has been done in this line in the northwest.

On the 31st of January, 1883, in Hillsboro, Oregon, Mr. Waggener was married to Miss Emma J. Yale, a daughter of James Yale. She was born in the province of Quebec, Canada, and came to Oregon in 1880. Here she followed teaching, and held the position of assistant principal in the Hillsboro schools. Her ancestry is traced back to Wales on the paternal side and to Scotland in the maternal line. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Waggener were born five children: Bessie, the wife of John E. Moseley; Juanita, who died when six months old; Norine, who is engaged in teaching piano and voice culture; and Verner and Pauline, at home. The family are prominent socially in Vancouver, where their home has been maintained continuously for more than twenty-seven years.

Mr. Waggener is a supporter of the republican party and a member of the Commercial Club of Vancouver. In the Woodmen of the World he is a past consul and has also held the position of clerk several times in the organization known as Women of Woodcraft. He has a wide acquaintance in Vancouver and this part of the country, where well directed labors have brought him gratifying success. The spirit of commercialism, however, has not dominated all else, for in his photographic studies is seen the expression of artistic talent and skill, for the development of which he has found time and opportunity.

The list of the leading citizens of Oregon contains the name of the Hon. George Wickliffe McBride, one of the representative and honored residents of Portland. To him has been entrusted important public service. His name is indelibly inscribed upon the pages of the history of the legislative and executive departments of the state, in which connections he has left tangible evidence of his loyalty to and helpful support of the commonwealth.

Ancestral records establish the fact that the McBride family is of Scotch- Irish lineage and early representatives of the name, coming from the north oif Ireland to the new world, settled in the south. The father of our subject was James McBride, a son of Thomas McBride and a native of Nashville, Tennessee, where he was born February 9. 1802. He acquired his education in that state and after his school days were over began reading medicine under a physician in his home locality. When a young man he went to Missouri, settling near Springfield, that state, where he engaged in the practice of medicine for a number of years. While residing there, on the 20th of June, 1830, he married Miss Mahala Miller, a daughter of Philip Miller. She was born September 26, 1811.

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In the year 1846 Dr. McBride started with his wife for Oregon. The previous year he had visited Texas but beheving that better opportunities were furnished on the western coast than in the south, he turned his face toward the setting sun and after about six months' travel across the plains with ox teams, reached Oregon City. Already a flourishing little pioneer settlement had developed there but Portland was as yet unknown. Dr. McBride was the missionary spirit of this region, giving generous aid and assistance to the newcomers and enabling many to secure homes in this section of the state. The most far-sighted did not dream of railroad construction here, for all transportation was by means of wagon travel or by the waterways. Dr. McBride and his wife soon left Oregon City for Yamhill county, reaching their destination on Mrs. McBride's birthday. The Doctor took up a donation claim, built a log house and log barn and lived upon that place until 1863. He took an active part in political affairs but his attention was principally given to the care of the sick in the exercise of his professional skill. For over forty years he engaged in preaching as a minister of the Christian church but would receive no compensation for that work. He became quite famous both as a preacher and physician and was, moreover, the first territorial superintendent of schools in Oregon. He likewise served as United States minister to the Hawaiian islands from 1863 until 1866. After his return he engaged in merchandising at St. Helen, Oregon, investing in the business there, although he left its active management to others. In 1867 he removed with his family to St. Helen and there resided until his death, which occurred December 18, 1875, his remains being interred in the Masonic cemetery at that .place His wife passed away on the 23d of February, 1877, and was laid to rest by the side of her husband.

They were the parents of fourteen children. Martha, deceased, was the wife of S. C. Adams, who has also passed away. She was born on the 12th of May, 183 1, and was called to her final rest on the i6th of December, 1882. John R., whose birth occurred on the 21st of August, 1832, died in August, 1904. He served as a representative in the Oregon legislature and from 1862 until 1864 was representative in congress. Subsequently he acted as chief justice of Idaho for several years but resigned that position in order to take up the practice of law. He was a member of the constitutional convention of Oregon and also a member of the first state legislature. Alvira Josephine, born March 3, 1834, gave her hand in marriage to Benjamin D. Butler and died on the 2d of May, 1910. Louisa A., who was born on the i6th of March, 1835, became the wife of George L. Woods, formerly governor of Oregon, and she still resides in Portland. Lucinda M., who was born on the 9th of June, 1836, is the widow of Charles G. Caples and resides at Santa Barbara, California. Nancy E., whose birth occurred on the 9th of September, 1837, first became the wife of W. B. Morris and after his death wedded W. H. Dolman, of Portland, where she now resides. Mary C, born April 3, 1839, gave her hand in marriage to F. D. Holman and both are now deceased. Emily L., who was born on the 2ist of May, 1841, and died on the 7th of April, 1901, was the wife of p. J. Yeargain. Judith, whose birth occurred on the 30th of September, 1843, is the widow of Alanson Smith. Thomas A., born November 15, 1847, is judge of the supreme court of Oregon. James H., whose birth occurred on the 23d of January, 1849, is a practicing physician of Pasadena, California. He is' a physician of noteworthy attainments and has held many positions of honor and responsibility in his profession. Susan E., who was born on the 21st of July, 1850, gave her hand in marriage to B. F. Giltner and passed away on the nth of February, 1899. Ellen V., born on the 23d of May, 1852, died on the Sth of August, 1866.

The youngest member of the family is George Wickliffe McBride, who was born on the homestead claim in Oregon, March 13, 1854, and has always lived m this state. He attended the pubHc schools of Yamhill county and of St. Helens, afterward spent a year in the preparatory department of the Willamette University and also attended Christian College; at Monmouth, Oregon, for two years. His school days being over, he followed general merchandising at St. Helens for about nine years and while in the store devoted his leisure hours to the study of law. He was accounted one of the leading and prominent citizens of his locality and his fellow townsmen gave expression of their appreciation of his ability and public-spirited citizenship by electing him to the state legislature, where he proved a capable and prominent member, acting as speaker of the house in 1882. In 1886 he was elected secretary of state for a term of four years and that his first term was endorsed by public opinion is indicated in the fact that he was reelected in 1890. Five years later he was elected by a republican legislature to the United States senate, where he served for six years, his term ending March 4, 1901. He was appointed and served as a member of the national commission for the Louisiana Purchase Exposition at St. Louis. He received his appointment in March, 1901, and filled the office until July, 1905, since which time he has lived retired.

On the 24th of May, 1902, in New York city, Mr. McBride was married to Miss Laura W. Walter, a daughter of Charles and Catherine (Porter) Walter, who had come to Oregon in 1879. Mrs. McBride has for many years taken an active and helpful interest in the numerous charities with which she has been identified.

Mr. McBride belongs to the Masonic fraternity, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite. In his public service he has ever placed the national welfare before partisanship and the interests of his constituents before personal aggrandizement. He has ever commanded the respect of the statesmen with whom he was associated at Washington and others prominent in the public life of state and nation, while at home, where he is best known, he inspires personal friendships of unusual strength and all who know him have for him the highest admiration because strong intellect, lofty patriotism and a conscientious sense of public obligation have in his life been well balanced factors.

The name of Thomas A. McBride, his brother, has also been indelibly inscribed upon the pages of Oregon's history. A graduate of McMinnville College, he has always lived in Oregon and after studying law was admitted to the bar when twenty-one years of age. He has been practicing law for over forty years and was first called to public office as a member of the legislature, representing Columbia county from 1876 until 1878. He also served as district attorney of the fifth district for about ten years, was judge of that district for a number of years and by Governor Benson was appointed to the supreme bench, whereon he is now serving.

Cyrus C. Pratt

The combination of superior mechanical skill and inventive genius with musical talent is seldom found, but such are the strongly marked traits in the life of Cyrus C. Pratt. A lover of music from his earliest youth, he gained distinction as a leader in musical circles that won him a world-wide reputation and in the field of mechanical invention he has accomplished that which has largely revolutionized certain lines of mechanical construction. His work is indeed worthy of mention on the pages of history.

A native of Vermont, Mr. Pratt was born in Johnson, September 22, 1833, a son of Qark M. and Susan (Colton) Pratt, who were also natives of the Green Mountain state. The father was a master mechanic, engaged on the construction of large mills in New England, but died in 1840 at the comparatively early age of thirty-three years. His wife passed away in the same year, leaving Cyrus C. Pratt an orphan at the age of seven. Thrown upon his own resources, he has valiantly fought life's battles, early coming to a realization of the value of industry, perseverance and integrity. He became a newsboy in Boston. Although he had no financial resources, he had back of him the good blood of an honorable ancestry, which is a heritage of which any man may be proud. He early took up the study of music, developing his natural talents in that direction, his love of the art having been early manifest. At fifteen years he was drawing a good salary as tenor singer in the Boston Museum and at the old South church. He was a protege of Dr. Mason, who encouraged the boy to develop his native powers and at sixteen years of age he went to New York, where he became a pupil of Carlo Bassini, being the second one to come under the instruction of that noted singer. He then began touring the country with musical companies, securing a position with the Allegheny Vocalists and Swiss Bell Ringers, with whom he traveled for five years all over the civilized world. The first concert in San Francisco netted the management over seven thousand dollars. Mr. Pratt afterward organized a troupe called the Harmonian Bards, which traveled through several states, and later he organized various musical and vocal companies, which he took upon the road. During these years he also organized and conducted musical conventions throughout America, having established his reputation as one of the most prominent factors in musical circles in the country. In 1867 he began holding musical institutes, in which all branches of music were taught and instruction given on all instruments. The most popular of these were the Southern Musical Normal, held for four seasons : at Barnesville, Georgia, for one term ; at Chattanooga, Tennessee, for two terms ; and at Birmingham, Alabama, for one term. These largely revolutionized the music of the south and the last session was attended by pupils from thirteen states. He then practically retired from the musical world either as instructor or promoter of concerts. His, however, had been a very successful career in that connection, in which he had accumulated a comfortable fortune of sixty thousand dollars. In his teaching, as in all things, he was original and made many improvements on the methods then in vogue. His work attracted wide attention of instructors in music throughout the country and received the commendation of those who are broad minded enough to recognize merit in another. Since that time he has given his attention principally to business enterprises but his love of music in an inborn part of his nature and he has always been more or less active in musical circles. Since coming to Portland he has been a member of the Veteran Male Double Quartette and occasionally contributes thereto a composition.

In 1869 Mr. Pratt became interested in bridge construction and in 1870 built forty iron bridges in Kansas, Nebraska and Missouri, including the first bridge across the Kansas river at Topeka. He has invented numerous bridge patents, the first being known as the Pratt truss, which is now in universal use and is the plan on which the new Madison street bridge is being built. He invented this when a boy and the patents expired in 1869. He has recently brought forth a new land anchor invention with which a railroad bridge of twenty-four hundred feet span can be built but which has not yet been introduced. From 1869 until 1900 he gave his entire attention to engineering and the perfection of bridge construction and probably stands today as the most advanced representative of that science. In 1900 he came to Portland and since that time has given his attention to mining machinery, in which connection he has invented numerous irnprovements, which when put upon the market will revolutionize operations in that line. During the period of his residence here he has also invented a new water wheel which produces double the power of any other wheel with the same fall and equal amount of water. He has had many offers of enormous sums for his patents but has declined all, as he intends erecting a large plant in the near future for their manufacture.

Soon after the outbreak of the Civil war Mr. Pratt, having personal acquaintance with President Lincoln, called upon him in Washington and offered his services. He was commissioned a captain of engineers but resigned when General

McClellan was superseded. He then raised a company at Springfield, Illinois, of which he was elected captain. This company was assigned to the One Hundred and Thirtieth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, in which he served until the end of the war but was on detached duty most of the time, doing engineering work and laying out fortifications. He had previously given the subject some study and had accompanied McClellan in an examination of the battlefield of the Crimea. He comes of a military ancestry, his great-grandfather having been a colonel in the British army at the capture of Quebec, while later he rose to the rank of general. His great-great-grandfather was lord chief justice of England at the time of the outbreak of the Revolution. The ancestral line can be traced back to Richard Coeur de Lion. Mr. Pratt maintains pleasant relations with the veterans of the Civil war through his membership in the Grand Army of the Republic.

In 1876 Mr. Pratt was married at Jefferson, Missouri, to Miss Corina M. Nilson, a cousin of Christine Nilson. She possesses a voice of rare beauty and sweetness but has never been a public singer. Mr. and Mrs. Pratt have four living children and have lost three. Those who survive are : Mary C, the wife of D. R. Lynn, of Portland; Elmer C, an inventor and engineer of this city; Estella L., the wife of John Gaynor, of Portland ; and Amelia C, who is with her parents in their attractive home at No. 607 Leo avenue in Sellwood. Their social prominence is indicated in the fact that the hospitality of the best homes of the city is freely accorded them. The exercise of activity has ever kept Mr. Pratt alert and although now seventy-seven years of age, he is still a factor in the business world whose work is counting for much. There is in his life a combination of forces seldom found and yet in each field in which he has labored he has attained success and his efforts have been an element moreover for the good of mankind.

Drake C. O'Reilly

That Drake C. O'Reilly was one of the prominent business men of Portland needs no further proof or comment than the statement that he is president of the United Engineering & Construction Company, president of the Oregon Round Lumber Company and president of the MontagTje O'Reilly Company. He was born in Ottawa, La Salle county, Illinois, July 31, 1866. His father, Richard Lattin O'Reilly, was born at Boyne Lodge in County Meath, Ireland, and in 1845 came to America. He took up his abode first in Chicago and soon afterward removed to Ottawa, Illinois, engaging in the live-stock business there and elsewhere until his death, which ocurred in Du^blin, Ireland, in 1881, when he was seventy-eight years of age. Several years before his death he had retired from active business and had gone to Dublin to settle up the estate of an uncle. In early manhood he had wedded Anna Conroy, also a native of the Green Isle of Erin. She had been brought to America by her parents in infancy and now makes her home with her son Drake.

Drake C. O'Reilly early acquired his education in the public schools of Omaha and of Council Bluffs, and at fourteen years of age entered the employ of a telegraph company, but soon afterward went as messenger boy with the Union Pacific Railroad Company. He was accorded various promotions between 1881 and 1891, and at length was transferred to Portland as traveling freight agent. When the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company became an independent line in 1894 he was made assistant general freight agent, which position he filled for three years, and then resigned in 1897 to become one of the organizers and builders of the Columbia Southern Railway Company. In 1901 he sold his interest in that enterprise, for in the previous year he had organized the Oregon Round Lumber Company, conducting a general steamboating, towing and lightering business, to the management of which he has principally given his attention since. In 1909 he assisted in organizing the Montague O'Reilly Company, a contracting concern engaged principally in paving, and he also organized the United Engineering & Construction Company, general contractors. Of both of these companies he is president. His activities thus cover a wide field and extensive and important interests are under his control. In the solution of difficult and involved business problems he displays keen discernment that obtains satisfactory results. An initiative spirit enables him to wisely plan new undertakings and executive ability enables him to so organize the business that his plans are carefully and correctly carried out, bringing substantial success.

Mr. O'Reilly is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, of the Arlington Club, the Waverly Golf Club, the Meadow Lake Club and other social organizations. He likewise belongs to the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, votes with the democratic party and supports the Catholic church. He resides at Hotel Norton at No. 163 Twelfth street. The future could not have disclosed to him, as he started out for himself when a boy of fourteen, the success which was ultimately to be his, but he early learned the fact that there is no royal road to wealth and that diligence and determination are a better foundation upon which to build than inheritance or influence. A laudable ambition has been the spur of his intent finding pleasure in successfully executing the plans which he forms.

Rev. Thomas Fletcher Royal

Among those who have zealously labored for the cause of Methodism in Oregon is numbered the Rev. Thomas Fletcher Royal, now living retired in Portland. He has made his home in this state since 1853 and has reached the age of ninety years, his birth having occurred in Columbus, Ohio, January 6, 1821. His parents were William and Barbara (Ebey) Royal. His paternal grandfather was Thomas Royal, who was a soldier of the Revolutionary war and to his dying day carried the bullet with which he was wounded while in the service. He was married in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to Hannah Cooper and they settled in West Virginia. Their eldest son, Simon Royal, fell in the war of 1812.

Our subject's father was born near Wheeling, West Virginia, and was also' a minister of the gospel. He began preaching in 1831 and his first appointment was at Fort Clark, Missouri, situated somewhere in the vicinity of Peoria, Illinois. His circuit included all of the territory north of Peoria save Chicago, where the Rev. Jesse Walker was then stationed as a preacher. William Royal continued his labors in the middle west until 1853, when he came with his family to Oregon as a retired preacher of the Rock river conference of Illinois. He was later transferred to the Oregon conference and preached his first sermon in the northwest at John Beason's home in Jackson county, Oregon. He was connected with several different circuits during his residence in the northwest and lived in Portland for several years. He built the first Methodist church on the east side of the city, called the Centenary Methodist church, and his labors in behalf of his denomination were far-reaching and effective, his work still bearing good fruit in the lives of those who heeded the gospel call under his teachings. He was living retired at the time of his death, which occurred in Salem, Oregon, in September, 1871. His wife was born on the Little Juniata river in Pennsylvania in rSoo. The birth of the Rev. William Royal occurred in February, 1796, and thus he had attained the age of seventy-five years at the time of his demise.

The Rev. Thomas Fletcher Royal of this review, was the eldest of a family of seven children, six sons and a daughter. He attended school at Piqua, Ohio, and also the public schools of Illinois and Indiana, and afterward engaged in teaching school for several years in Hancock and St. Clair counties, Illinois.

He also spent three and a half years as a student in McKendree College, at Lebanon, Illinois, but trouble with his eyes compelled him to abandon the course before its completion. In 1846 he took up the active work of the ministry at Galena, Illinois, and was received into the Rock River conference in that year. He was connected with that for about seven years and then was transferred to the Oregon conference in 1852 with the privilege of not entering into active connection therewith until 1853. His transference from the Rock River conference of Illinois was made by the bishop, E. R. Ames, who came to Oregon from that conference by way of the water route and, reaching Portland before Rev. Royal arrived, received him here. Mr. Royal left Victoria, Illinois, on the 27th of May, 1853, and made the journey over the plains with ox teams, always resting on the Sabbath day. When he left home only his own and his father's families were of the party but at different times they were joined by other wagons until they had a large train. They reached the Rogue river valley on the 27th of October, 1853. Mr. Royal and his father remained together for about a year, after which the latter went to Douglas county and subsequently to Portland.

Thomas F. Royal preached his first sermon in the northwest at Jacksonville, Oregon, a few days after his arrival in this state, and there he built the first church in southern Oregon. The house of worship was begun in 1854 and was dedicated on New Year's Day of 1855. He has been instrumental in building five other churches in this state, these being at Canyonville, Ten Miles, Silverton, Salem Heights and Dallas. He has not only given his time and energies to the work of benefiting his fellowmen by preaching the gospel but has also done eft"ective labor in the field of intellectual training, having been principal of the Portland Academy and Female Seminary for four years, from 1871 until 1875, while previous to this time he was principal of the Umpqua Academy of Douglas county, which was one of the early schools of this state, organized in 1855. He remained there for nine and a half years. After leaving the Portland Academy he served as principal of the Sheridan Academy of Yamhill county for a year and was employed under President Grant's Christian policy as teacher and clerk at the Seletz Indian reservation in Benton county, Oregon, for about four years. In 1875 he was made superintendent of instruction at the Klamath Indian mission and had charge of the Indian boarding school, to which work he was appointed in 1884, there remaining for about fifteen months, when a democratic president was elected and Rev. Royal was retired. He then became pastor of the Monroe circuit of Benton county, Oregon, and after two years went to Dallas, Polk county, where he served as pastor for three years, and during that period succeeded in erecting a church at a cost of five thousand dollars. His next pastorate was at Dayton, Yamhill county, where he remained for three years. He spent a similar period at Brooks, Marion county, Oregon, and preached his jubilee sermon at Roseburg, at the annual conference of 1896. He then retired from active connection with the conference but nevertheless continued preaching, being employed at Meha'ma and Lyons, Oregon, and at Leslie church in South Salem for two years. Since this he has not accepted any pastorate, but has continued in active Christian work, preaching to the convicts at the penitentiary at Salem and before the inmates of the insane asylum at Salem for eight years. He preaches at times at the Montavilla Methodist church of which his son-in-law, the Rev. Harold Oberg, is now pastor. The Pacific University of California conferred upon him the Bachelor of Arts degree.

Rev. Royal was married in early manhood to Miss Mary Ann Stanley, who was born in the state of New York and died January 2, 1906, at the age of seventy-six years. In their family were eight children, of whom one died in infancy. Anina Tema was graduated from an academy and later took a course at Willamette University, after which she became assistant principal of the Portland Academy and Female Seminary. She became the wife of Dr. Clark Smith, principal of the Vancouver Seminary, in Washington. He received his A. M. degree from Willamette University and later the M. D. degree from a medical college in Texas. He and his wife went as missionaries to Africa where Mrs. Smith died, and he is now engaged in the practice of medicine in Berkeley, California. His children are : William E. R. ; May, who is mentioned below ; Jesse C, of Washington, D. C, who is married and has one child, Clark S. ; and Anina Grace, the wife of John T. Stanley, principal of the Bragg Institute in California. Of this family. May Smith married Hooper M. Black, now engaged in farming and the real-estate business near Vancouver, Washington. Both Mr. and Mrs. Black are graduates of the Portland University. They have seven children: Grace A., Esther M., Ruth J., Naomi, Nancy E., Miriam, and an infant. Rev. Stanley Olin Royal, the second of the family, is a Methodist minister, now engaged in preaching in Ohio in connection with the Dayton District Conference and was presiding elder there for several years. He is a graduate of Willamette University and of the Drew Theological Seminary of New Jersey. He married Matilda Walden, a daughter of Bishop Walden, and they have two daughters, Mary G. and Margaret. Rev. Miller Gould Royal, the third of the family, was graduated from the classical course in Willamette University and devoted his life to the work of the ministry and to the practice of law. His death occurred in Walla Walla, Washington. He married Tirza Bigelow and they had two children, Ethel and Bonnie. After losing his first wife. Rev. M. G. Royal married Miss A. McCall, who is living in Walla Walla. She was a public school teacher before her marriage. She has two children: Ronald F. and Barbara. William E. Royal, the youngest of the family, died at the age of twenty-three years, when preparing for the ministry. Forester W., a railroad employe, living at Bolton, Polk county, Oregon, married Ella Dodson and has two children : Cecil, who married Edna Williams and has one child, Catherine ; and Esther. Eolia Florine is the wife of Rev. Harold Oberg of Portland. He was born in Christiania, Norway, and was there educated in the Norwegian language. After coming to America he entered Willamette University where both he and his wife graduated with the A. B. degree and he subsequently graduated with the degree of D. D. from the Garrett Biblical Institute at Evanston, Illinois. Mr. and Mrs. Oberg have four children, Ovedia L., Terry R., Agnes M., and Mary Ruth. Carrie Lucretia was graduated from Willamette University with the A. B. degree and subsequently became the wife of Professor Edgar M. Mumford, of the Olympia Collegiate Institute. He is now a clerk in the United States land office at Vancouver, Washington. They have five children: Edgar R., Beatrice A., Harold Stanley, William W. and Clarissa H.

Rev. Thomas Fletcher Royal is now at the head of a family which numbers about fifty, of which he has every reason to be proud. Twenty of these have been experienced school teachers, five Methodist preachers; six preachers' wives; and twenty of them have drawn from different institutes twenty-eight diplomas. They are from academic, theological and medical schools. Not one of the number ever uses narcotics or intoxicants and all are prohibitionists and Methodists. Mr. Royal has never allowed his interest in things of the present to lapse. He does not live in memories of the past, but keeps in touch \yith the progressive everyday and the precious prize of keen mentality is still his.

John P. Kavanaugh

John P. Kavanaugh, now serving for the second term as city attorney of Portland, at each election receiving the support of both the republicans and the democrats, was born in St. Louis, Oregon, in 1871, a son of Daniel Kavanaugh. His education was acquired in the public schools and in the parochial school at Gervais, Oregon, up to the time when he entered Mount Angel College, from which he received his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1891. His literary education constituted a broad foundation upon which to build the superstructure of his professional knowledge, and when his college course was ended he matriculated in

He has since engaged in active practice in Portland and his ability is widely recognized. He ranks among the most prominent of the younger members of the Portland bar, and almost from the beginning of his connection therewith has enjoyed a good practice. The only political offices that he has held have been in the line of his profession. He served for two terms as chief deputy city attorney and in 1907, although a republican, was nominated by both the republican and democratic parties for the office of city attorney. So capably did he discharge the duties of the position during his incumbency that in 1909 he was renominated without opposition and is therefore serving for the second term, carefully guarding the public interests through the prompt and capable discharge of his official duties. During his first term there arose more important litigation than ever before in the history of the city. Among the many things which he has accomplished was that of the municipal bond issue involving five and a quarter million dollars, which he carried through after the circuit court had rendered an adverse decision. His specialty is the subject of municipal franchise and on all phases of this question has rendered many opinions which have been widely quoted by municipal attorneys all over the United States, while from attorneys throughout the country he has received almost numberless inquiries.

In 1902 Mr. Kavanaugh was united in marriage to Miss Eleanor E. Dunn, of Portland, and they have two children. A Catholic in his religious faith, he is a member of the cathedral parish, of the Catholic Order of Foresters and of the Knights of Columbus, and in the last named organization he has served as grand knight of Portland Council. He has made a notable record at the bar for one of his years, his versatility, laudable ambition and comprehensive study constituting the chief features in the success which is his.

Michael Harris

Michael Harris, contractor in general masonry lines, including brickwork, plastering and cement work, was born in the town of Granby, in County Shefford, Canada, August 13, 1849. His parents, William and Elizabeth Harris, were natives of Ireland, who in childhood left the Emerald isle and became residents of Canada, where they were married. Their son Michael remained at home until twenty years of age, during which period he acquired a good education in the public schools of Canada, his time being divided between the duties of the schoolroom, the pleasures of the playground and such tasks as were assigned him by parental authority.

Believing that he might have better business opportunities elsewhere, he left home in 1870 and went to Vermont, remaining a resident of that state for six years, during which period he learned the mason's trade in the city of Burlington. About 1876 he returned to Canada, where he spent the succeeding four years. He then went to Michigan, where he remained from 1880 until 1882, when he heard and heeded the call of the west, coming to Portland, where for twenty-eight years he has now made his home. For a year after his arrival he was employed by Napoleon Kennedy, who, recognizing his ability, worth and sound business judgment, admitted him to a partnership. They were thus associated for another year, at the end of which time Mr. Harris sold out his interest and has since been in business alone, except for a brief period, when he was in partnership with W. W. Patterson. He has done all kinds of contracting in general masonry, giving his attention largely to brickwork, plastering and cement work. However, he has been awarded extensive and important contracts in connection with dwellings and apartment houses and his efforts are seen in some of the finest apartments of Portland.

The City Of Portland 723

On the 30th of September, 1885, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Harris and Miss Hattie Broughton, a daughter of Wilham and Sarah Broughton and a native of Oregon City, where her parents located at an early day, having been among the pioneer settlers of the state. Mr. and Mrs. Harris traveled life's journey together for only six years and were then separated by the death of the wife in 1891. There were three sons born of that marriage: Arthur William, who is engaged in business with his father; Leo, who is conducting a grocery at the corner of Seventh and Mill streets ; and John M., a graduate of the Columbia University, who is at present timekeeper for the firm of Jacobsen & Bade, contractors.

Mr. Harris is a member of St. Francis' Catholic church and gives his political allegiance to the democracy. He has never sought or desired office, however, for his business makes full demand upon his time and attention. He is now closely associated with the building operations of Portland and as the architect of his own fortunes he has builded wisely and well.

Alexander Gotwald Long

The impossibility of placing fictitious values upon industry, determination and perseverance at once proves the worth of the individual who must base his rise upon these qualities. These elements have constituted salient features in the advancement of A. G. Long, whose experience has been of wide range, as he has progressed from a humble position in the employ of the Standard Oil Company to ownership of the largest fire apparatus establishment in the Pacific northwest. He was born in Litchfield, Montgomery county, Illinois, December 13, 1858. His father, Joseph C. Long, was a soldier of the Ninety-first Illinois Volunteer Infantry during three years of the Civil war, and died at his home in Litchfield, January 23, 1866, soon after he had been sent home from the army on account of disability.

When eight years of age, A. G. Long, with his mother and other members of the family, removed to St. Louis, Missouri. The stress of the family's financial condition forced him to seek employment at the time other boys were attending school, and he entered the employ of the Standard Oil Company at St. Louis when about eleven years old, remaining in the service of that corporation for ten years, the last few years of which period he made his headquarters at St. Paul, Minnesota. When he was about twenty-one years of age he returned to his native city and was there married to Ada C. Scott. Although Litchfield had been the childhood home of both, they were not acquainted as children, for the Scott family removed to Litchfield after the Longs had left for St. Louis. Following their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Long took up their abode in St. Paul, Minnesota.

In those days, before the pipe line and the large steel tanks now used in conveying and storing oil were known, all oils were transported in wooden barrels as soon as refined, and for a considerable period Mr. Long was engaged in traveling over the entire Mississippi valley from St. Louis to the Canadian line and buying up, storing and shipping all the empty oil barrels. After remaining in the employ of the Standard Oil Company for a decade Mr. Long resigned his position and became local agent at St. Paul for the navigation interests operated under the name of the Diamond Jo Line Steamers, operating a line of boats on the Mississippi river from St. Louis to St. Paul, Minnesota. He continued vvith the company for several years and promotion brought him to the responsible position of general agent for territory as far south as Winona, Minnesota. About that time the Chicago, Burlington & Northern, now a part of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy road, was built along the east side of the Mississippi river, and Mr. Long~negotiated most of the right of way for the line where it passed through the property of the steamboat line. He next entered the employ of the St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba Railroad, now the Great Northern line, as contracting freight agent with headquarters at St. Paul and remained with that road until 1891, when he came to Portland.

He started in business here in his present line on a very small scale in an upstairs back office at the corner of Front and Ash streets, and from that humble beginning has grown the large business now in his control and known all over the Pacific northwest. He then carried no stock, but ordered as fire apparatus was needed. From the upstairs room he moved downstairs in the same building and put in a supply of fire extinguishing apparatus. It was not a very large stock as he figures it now, but to him then it was of great importance. Only a few months after he had leased the room on the first floor he was almost completely put out of business by the great flood which destroyed most of his stock. With resolute spirit and courage, however, he made arrangements to continue business, securing a room at the corner of Fourth street and Yamhill. This was a somewhat larger building than he had formerly occupied but was still small in comparison to his present establishment. In the course of time, however, this building proved inadequate to his needs, and he removed to considerably larger quarters in the Strowbridge building at 170 Second street, having in the meantime increased his stock to meet the demands of the trade. When he opened his fire apparatus business in Portland, the fire departments of the northwest were furnished by houses in San Francisco and the east. At first only a limited amount of supplies could be obtained in San Francisco, most of the machinery and fire department supplies being shipped long distances from Mississippi valley points and cities even further remote. While conducting his business at No. 170 Second street, in the Strowbridge building, Mr. Long erected his own building at 45-47 North Fifth street, near Couch, a three-story brick structure, fifty by one hundred feet, into which he removed. He then began the manufacture of small apparatus but continued also to represent the large eastern factories. His house still represents many of the companies or their successors that it represented when Mr. Long first started in business. He continued in the location on North Fifth street until 1910, when he leased his building there, that property having become very valuable. During the summer of 1910 he erected a fine brick three-story building, fifty by one hundred feet, on Sixteenth street between Marshall and Northrup, in the new warehouse district near the Hill terminals, and has recently removed his stock to the new location. His line of goods includes everything to safeguard the home, factory and store or other property from loss by fire. Automobile fire apparatus, steam and chemical engines, hook and ladder trucks, hose carts and hose wagons are always in stock as well as a full supply of hand fire extinguishers, cotton and rubber-lined hose of all sizes. They also have a complete supply of fire department brass goods, including alarm equipment ; in fact, "everything for fire protection." Being the oldest concern of this character and having established such a reputation for treatment of the trade as well as carrying such a large and varied stock, has placed this firm in the lead, and throughout Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana and much of British Columbia this house is well and favorably known. Mr. Long enjoys exclusive agency business of several of the best, latest improved, as well as old and well known lines of all kinds of fire apparatus. They are also prepared to furnish and install fire alarm systems and maintain them, and in this part of their business represent the Star Electric Company of Binghamton. New York. Thus from a humble beginning the business has grown to mammoth proportions and the success which Mr. Long has achieved thereby is well merited, for it has logically followed his close application and enterprising methods.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Long have been born eight children, but the two eldest died in St. Paul prior to the removal of the family to the northwest, Ada Garnet passing away at the age of eight years, and Alexander Riley in infancy. The living children are: Mildred C. ; Eva W. ; Mary Pearl; Alexander G., who is now a student in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology of Boston, where he is studying mechanical, hydraulic and electrical engineering; Walter Scott; and Howard A. Mr. and Mrs. Long occupy a beautiful home at No. 447 Sixteenth street, in the exclusive and beautiful residence district known as Portland Heights.

Mr. Long is very prominent in Masonic circles, being a member of all the dififerent bodies from the blue lodge to the consistory and the shrine, his identification with the craft dating from the time when he was twenty-two years of age. He holds a life membership in all of the Masonic bodies with which he is connected. He is also a member of the Elks Lodge No. 59, at St. Paul, Minnesota, which made him a life member upon his removal from St. Paul to Portland. He also belongs to the Modern Woodmen camp and to the Royal Arcanum. With the rapid and marvelous development and growth of Portland many men have come to the front because of their recognition and utilization of opportunities which have arisen in connection with the substantial expansion of commercial and financial interests here, and of this class A. G. Long is an honored representative.

Charles W. Burrage

Charles W. Burrage was born in Leominster, Massachusetts, about forty miles from Boston, on the 25th of August, 1830. He was of English lineage, his ancestors being among the early settlers of the New England colony. He began his education in the schools of his native town. Later he attended Lawrence Academy at Groton, Massachusetts, and subsequently became a student in the military school at Norwich, Vermont. He entered the engineering school at Brown University, Providence, but when Professor Norton was transferred to Yale Mr. Burrage and other members of the class went with him, so that he graduated from the Sheffield scientific school of Yale College.

In 1861, accompanied by his wife and two children, Mr. Burrage left New England for the Pacific coast. They sailed from New York on June 5, crossed the isthmus by rail, arriving in San Francisco July 2. Stopping in California for a short visit with relatives, they continued their journey to Oregon which was their destination, arriving in Portland on the 5th of September. Mr. Burrage had never been blessed with a robust constitution, and the reports of the healthfulness of the Willamette valley, together with the opportunities ofifered for one of his profession, formed the leading motive for leaving New England and decided him upon making Portland his place of residence.

Their first home was in a small cottage on the corner of Stark and Sixth streets. In 1862 he was elected county surveyor, which office he filled for many years. He gave the most painstaking care to all his work, and his surveys were noted for their accuracy. If Mr. Burrage made the survey, no one questioned its correctness. In 1865 he was chosen city surveyor. Finding there was great discrepancies in the measures used by the dififerent surveyors, he sent to Washington, D. C, and procured a government standard measure. This was transferred to the water table at the building on Front and Washington streets. The city adopted it as the standard for all city measurements, so that uniformity was secured for all time. Fie was engaged on the surveys of the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company's road, especially in the immediate proximity to Portland, as many lines were run to decide upon the best approach to the city. He ran the preliminary line of what is now the Southern Pacific all through the Willamette valley and as far south as Roseburg.

Edward H., the oldest son, died of lung trouble in 1887, and the youngest son, showing signs of the same disease, Mr. Burrage decided to remove the family to eastern Washington. They spent a year in Spokane, but the son not improving, they removed to Canon City, Colorado, where they lived until the time of Mr. Burrage's death in February, 1899. Charles F. died in February, 1890.

Mr. Burrage retired from his profession on going to Colorado. He had always been deeply interested in geology and mineralogy and the fossil fields and minerals of Colorado proved very attractive to him and afforded a most enjoyable manner of spending his time. He was a student to the time of his death. He made a fine collection of fossils and minerals, which it was his great pleasure to show to any one interested in that line.

While still a resident of New England, Mr. Burrage married Miss Sarah J. Hills, the youngest daughter of Charles H. and Betsy Buss Hills on November 30, 1854. To Mr. and Mrs. Burrage were born three sons, and they also had an adopted daughter. The surviving son, William H., is also a civil engineer. He married Miss Minnie A. Gates, and they are pleasantly located in this city. The adopted daughter married S. O. Laws of Canon City, Colorado. They have removed to Portland and are the parents of four sons : Burrage H., William, Donald and Kenneth. In 1905, after the death of her husband, Mrs. Burrage returned to Portland, and in 1907 erected a comfortable residence at No. 611 East Madison street, which she now occupies. The home life of the family was ever a most attractive one. Mr. Burrage was devoted to the welfare of his wife and children, and found his greatest happiness in ministering to their comfort. He was a man of strong intellect, and wide reading, and research made him a scholar. His political allegiance was given to the republican party, of which he was a stalwart supporter, owing to his thorough belief in the advocacy of republican principles as forces in good government. He was a member of the Unitarian church, in which he always served as a trustee.

William Henry Harrison Dufur

William Henry Harrison Dufur, engaging in the real-estate business in Portland, has been a resident of Oregon since 1859, arriving with his parents at Columbia slough when but six years of age. His birth occurred at Williamstown, Vermont, February 22, 1854. His father, Andrew Jackson Dufur, was a native of New Hampshire but in early childhood went to the Green Mountain state with his family. He removed to Wisconsin in 1856 and in 1859 came to Oregon, settling on Columbia slough six miles from the Portland courthouse, where he purchased the E. L. Quinby farm of eight hundred acres. Mention of him is made elsewhere in this volume. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Lois Bumham, was born in Williamstown, Vermont, and died at Dufur, Oregon, in 1890. Mr. Dufur passed away exactly five years later in the town which was named in his honor. They were the parents of two daughters and three sons, of whom four are living: Hon. E. B. Dufur, an attorney; A. J. Dufur, Jr., now living retired; William Henry Harrison Dufur, of this review; and Mrs. Arabelle H. Staats, of Dufur, Oregon.

After completing a high-school course William H. H. Dufur attended the Academy of Portland and then entered business circles of this city, representing the firms of Meier & Frank and Bradley, Marshall & Company for several years. On the i6th of July, 1876, he wedded Miss Mary L. Alexander, a daughter of D. Alexander, of Portland, who died while his daughter was a child. The mother of Mrs. Dufur afterward married R. H. Holmes, one of the pioneers of 1852. In November after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Dufur took up their abode at Dufur, Oregon, where they made their home until 1908, when they returned to Portland. In the meantime Mr. Dufur had engaged extensively in farming and stock-raising, operating about two thousand acres of land, but has since disposed of a part of his property, his holdings embracing about seven hundred acres. He made a specialty of raising thoroughbred Spanish Merino sheep and in this was very successful. He was, in fact, one of the best known agriculturists and stock-raisers of this part of the state.

Mr. Dufur has also been prominently known in connection with the public life of Oregon. Always an active, loyal and progressive republican, he was elected to the state legislature in 1882 from Wasco county, when it comprised Wasco, Crook, Wheeler, Sherman and Hood River counties. Under the Harrison administration he was disbursing agent of the Warm Springs and Colville Indian Commission, and was presented by old chief Moses with the heirloom tomahawk of the federated tribes of the Colvilles which had been handed down from chief to chief until none knew its age. In 1898 he was appointed forest supervisor of the northern division of the Cascade Forest Reserve and of the Bull Run Forest Reserve, serving for four years. There has not been a county or state convention since 1882, with the exception of two, to which he has not been a delegate, and he was sergeant-at-arms at the last session of the state senate. Coming to Portland, he has engaged principally in the real-estate business, handling both city and country property. He is now the secretary and onefourth owner of the Pringle Falls Light & Power Company, and the owner of the Meadow Brook apple orchard tracts of land located four miles from the town of Dufur.

Mr. and Mrs. Dufur reside at No. 1075 Belmont street, purchasing their residence on coming to Portland, in addition to which Mr. Dufur owns much other city property. They have two children. Blanche G., is now the wife of J. H. Greer, of Coalinga, California- 'who' is i superintendent of the British Consolidated Oil Company at that point. -Andrew. B., who lives on one of his father's farms at Dufur, Oregon, married Miss Iva Williams, a daughter of W. H. Williams of Wasco county, one of the early pioneers. They have two children, Mildred Iva and Elizabeth Amanda.

Mr. Dufur holds membership with the Woodmen of the World, the Ancient Order of United Workmen, the United Artisans and the Grange, and his religious faith is that of the Unitarian church. He has always been a man of liberal views and broad interests, thinking out widely, while his actions and business interests have ever, been on a large scale. The success of his efiforts in handling extensive agricultural interests well qualify him to speak with authority on such subjects, while in real-estate circles he has gained an equally creditable position.

Robert Lutke

At the age of eighteen years Robert Lutke had his introduction to the line of business in which he is now engaged, and careful training in youth qualified him for advancement as the years passed by. He was but eight years of age when he came to the new world from Germany, his native land, his birth having there occurred on the 5th of February, 1858. Flis father, Robert Lutke, Sr., also born in that country, sailed for America with his family in 1866 and soon afterward took up his abode in Chicago. At an early age his son and namesake began to learn the trade that has made possible his great success in life. At the outset he manifested diligence and perseverance which won the attention of his employers and led to his promotion from time to time. His residence on the coast dates from 1878, and on the 7th of January, 1883, he arrived in Portland, where he became connected with his present business. The enterprise had been established in 1881, under the name of the Dixon, Borgeson Company, at the corner of Front and Stark streets, in the old Oregonian building, but was soon removed to larger quarters at Front and Washington streets. In 1900 the business was changed to its present location at the corner of North Sixth and Hoyt streets, where, under the name of the Lutke Manufacturing Company, an extensive business is carried on in the manufacture and sale of show cases, store fixtures, ofiice furniture, and all inside furniture for offices and stores. The plant is the largest and most complete of its kind in the state, covering a half city block and employing from one hundred and twxnty-five to one hundred and iifty skilled workmen. For many years Mr. Lutke was the junior partner of the firm of Dixon, Borgeson & Company, but upon the removal to the present location he purchased the interests of the others, becoming sole owner of the nlant. His partners were all San Francisco men, and from that city Mr. Lutke came to Portland in 1883, as previously stated, to look after the interests of the firm in this city. He continued to operate the plant until 1908, when he consolidated with the Grand Rapids (Mich.) Show Case Company and became manager of the Portland branch, which is still known as the Lutke Manufacturing Company. He is also a stockholder and director in the parent firm as well as the active head of the business in Portland.

Mr. Lutke was married, in 1877, to Miss Margaret Kneer, of Peoria county. Illinois. Their only child, a little daughter, Ida. died in Portland at the age of eleven years. In politics Mr. Lutke is a repubHcan. He is a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity, and has taken the degrees of the Scottish Rite up to and including the- thirty-second. He also became a member of the Mystic Shrine on the loth of November, 1894, and is one of the prominent representatives of the order and at this writing is president of the Masonic Cemetery Company. He also belongs to the German Aid Society, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and the Knights of Pythias fraternity, and likewise holds membership in the Oregon Historical Society. Twenty-seven years' residence in Portland and close connection with its business interests throughout this period have made him widely known, and he is classed with those men who have come to the front because of their recognition and utilization of opportunities which have arisen in connection with the substantial expansion of commercial and financial interests here. Mrs. Lutke has served as Grand Matron of the Eastern Star lodge, and has been president of the Portland Woman's Club and its present treasurer and actively interested in the many charities of that organization.

Richard Koehler

Sent to America as the representative of moneyed interests in the old world, Richard Koehler manifests toward Portland a loyalty equal to that of her native born sons. He recognized the wonderful opportunities that lie before the northwest, rich in its varied resources, and for thirty-six years has remained in close touch with its business interests. He is now general purchasing agent for the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company and the Southern Pacific Railroad Company's fines in Oregon, and has been connected with these lines and their predecessors since 1874.

His name indicates his German lineage and nativity. He was born at Schleitz, Germany. June 13. 1844, but was reared to manhood at Frankfort-onthe-Main, where he attended the public schools, while later he became a student in the polytechnic school at Karlsruhe, from which institution he was graduated with the class of 1864. Liberal intellectual training, which usually inspires activity and enterprise, well qualified him for the onerous duties that have since devolved upon him. He immediately entered upon railroad operation and construction work in Germany, being connected with many diflferent railway lines in that country until 1874, when he came to Portland, being sent to this country as special agent for the German and English bondholders of the Oregon & California Railroad. For two years thereafter he acted as chief engineer and auditor for that railroad and when, in 1876, the bondholders of the Oregon & California line bought out the Oregon Central Railroad. Mr. Koehler became manager of both roads, and so continued from 1876 to 1887, when these properties came under the control of the Southern Pacific Railroad Company. He continued with that corporation until 1904, when the two lines were placed under the jurisdiction of the general manager of the Oregon Navigation Company. There was a general reorganization of the Harriman lines and the office of manager of the Southern Pacific Company's lines in Oregon was then abolished, Mr. Koehler being made general purchasing agent. In this position of responsibility, as the representative of one of the most important corporations operating in the northwest, he occupies a prominent place in business circles and his ability, executive force and administrative direction are widely recognized. He keeps in close touch with the business of his office in every detail and the value of his services to the company is indicated in the fact that for thirty-six years he has been identified with the interests of this corporation and its predecessors.

In 1880 Mr. Koehler returned to Germany for his bride and was there married to Miss Bertha Spuhn. They have become parents of two children: Kurt Herman, a young man now engaged in the lumber business in Portland ; and Use, at home. Mr. Koehler is a member of the German Aid Society - a fact indicative of his benevolent spirit and his interest in his fellow countrymen. But while he has never ceased to feel a deep love for the land of his birth, he has a still stronger attachment for his adopted country, being thoroughly in sympathy with its institutions. His interest centers in the northwest and he gives his cooperation to any project which he believes will prove of practical value in the upbuilding and development of this section of the country.

John A. Packard

John A. Packard, at one time a resident of Portland, came to the Pacific northwest in 1854 and at an early period took an important part in the work that promoted the material development and the political progress of the community in which he lived. The Green Mountain state numbered John A. Packard among her native sons, his birth having occurred there in 1819. He was a son of John A. Packard, Sr., and a representative of an old New England family. In his childhood his parents removed to Canada, settling at Bolton, where he attended school. His father was a farmer and a Methodist minister and John A. Packard of this review was first employed in farm work, assisting in the development of his father's fields. He early became familiar with the best methods of tilling the soil and cultivating the crops, but thinking to find other pursuits more congenial and profitable, he learned the carpenter's trade. He was a fine mechanic and could do almost anything with tools.

In young manhood Mr. Packard went to Boston, Massachusetts, where he worked for a considerable period and then removed westward to Illinois, settling first at Bloomington. Later he went to Wisconsin, and in Beloit, that state, first met the lady whom he afterward made his wife. He afterward lived at Adel, Iowa, and it was while residing there that he was married. It was on the ist of April, 1854, that he wedded Miss Leila Davis, who was bom in Stansted, Canada, on the 17th of July, 1823. Her parents were Silas and Phoebe (Bennett) Davis, who died when their daughter, Mrs. Packard, was comparatively young. She became a school teacher and was teaching in Adel when married. On the 5th of May following their marriage, the young couple started across the plains with ox teams, traveling continuously until the 19th of October, when they arrived at Steilacoom, Washington. They had a very nice trip, being unmolested by the Indians because of the fact that their wagon train was a very large one. The train that preceded them and the one that followed, however, had considerable trouble with the red men and many of the emigrants were killed.