Portland, Oregon - Portland, Oregon, Its History and Builders : in Connection with the An (part 23 of 25)

Mr. Packard located at Steilacoom, Washington, and there engaged in the lumber business, which he followed throughout the period of his residence in Washington. For some years he was in charge of the troops guarding the ferry at what was then known as Fort Raglan. He was the owner of sawmills and engaged in shipping lumber to San Francisco. His business affairs were conducted on an extensive scale and at one time he employed a hundred men. He remained a resident of Washington for about twelve years, during which period one of his sawmills was burned and also two shiploads of lumber. Later he came to Oregon, settling at Fort Stevens, having charge of the building of the officers' quarters. Subsequently he purchased a dairy farm on Clatsop Plains, comprising one hundred and twenty acres, and the family took up their abode upon that place, which Mr. Packard conducted for five years. On the expiration of that period he sold his farm and removed to Portland, establishing a grocery store on First street. This he conducted for about eight years, when he suffered losses and removed to southern Oregon. There he turned his attention to carpentering and building and continued to reside in that section of the state until his death, which occurred on the ist of June, 1892, his remains being interred at Talent, near Ashland, Oregon.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Packard were born four children : Cora A., the wife of William H. Morrow of Portland, by whom she has one son Harry; Paris L, of Underwood, Oregon, who married Elizabeth Gibbs, a daughter of Addison Gibbs, a former governor of Oregon; Lula L., of Portland; and Adele, who died in Washington at the age of two years. Mrs. Packard yet remembers Jason Lee, the honored pioneer preacher of Oregon, who delivered his last sermon before starting for the northwest in her father's cabin in Canada.

In politics Mr. Packard was a strong democrat in early manhood, and the second year after his arrival in the northwest was elected to represent his district in the Washington legislature. Later, however, he severed his connections with the democratic party during the period of the Civil war, for he believed in the supremacy of the federal government and did not like the attitude of his party concerning the question of the war. He was a lover of music, a fine musician, and in early manhood engaged to some extent in teaching music. He held membership with the Odd Fellows lodge of Portland, and he possessed many sterling traits of character which commended him to the good-will and friendship of all who knew him. Since her husband's death, Mrs. Packard has removed to Portland, where she is now living with her daughter Mrs. Morrow, and in this city she is widely and favorably known.

Perley Chandler Heald

Perley Chandler Heald, president of the Michigan Land & Timber Company, was born in Lovell, Oxford county, Maine, May 5, 1849. He is a native of the state where the lumber interests have figured as a most important industry, was reared in the middle west, where lumbering has constituted the chief source of wealth to Michigan's inhabitants and is now identified in the northwest with the development of the timber resources of this section of the country.

The Heald family are descended from two brothers who came from Berwick on the Tweed, Scotland, in 1646 and settled in Massachusetts. Solomon Heald, the father of our subject, was also a native of Maine and became an engineer and surveyor. He first went to Michigan to select land for the Sault Ste. Marie Canal Company in 1853. He removed to Michigan in September, 1865, settling at Midland, where he followed his profession until 1879, when he retired and returned to the east, his death there occuring May 21, 1898. In the Pine Tree state he had wedded Ester Day, who was also born in Maine and died in Michigan in the summer of 1871. Perley C. Heald is the youngest of eight children, of whom four are living, namely: Henrietta B. Horr, of North Waterford, Maine; Hattie O., who resides in North Westerford, Maine; Maria Hill, of Buxton, Maine ; and Perley C, of this review.

After mastering the early branches of learning in the common schools P. C. Heald attended Fryeburg Academy of Maine, a school once taught by Daniel Webster. He was graduated in 1869 and, following in his father's professional footsteps, engaged in surveying and engineering in Michigan. From 1874 until 1884 he filled the position of county surveyor of Midland county. He long occupied a place of prominence there and in 1887 and 1888 was mayor of the city of Midland, being the first to hold that office, as his father had been the first to fill the position of president of the village.

From the time of leaving school Perley C. Heald was engaged to a greater or less extent in the timber brokerage business and from 1885 until 1890 he was largely interested in lumbering and milling with headquarters at Midland and Detroit. In the latter year he turned his attention to the real-estate business at Midland, operating in that field for five years, and from 1895 until 1899 he acceptably and efficiently filled the position of state trespass agent.

From the time he attained his majority Mr. Heald has always been active in republican politics and his fellow townsmen in Michigan gave substantial evidence of their appreciation of his worth and ability by electing him to various offices. In the fall of 1898 he was chosen state senator, serving in 1899 and 1900, being the first republican who ever carried the twenty-fourth senatorial district by a clear majority - a fact which is proof of his personal popularity as well as the trust reposed in him. He was chairman of the committee of Public health in the senate, which secured the enactment of the first laws in Michigan regulating the admission to practice of physicians. Previous to this time no qualifications had been required by law and quacks were numerous. The strongest opposition was offered to the bill but as the result of his fight in behalf of the legitimate profession, the foundation of Michigan's present medical laws, now considered the best in the county, was laid. He also took a conspicuous part in the discussion of the question of ad valorem versus specific tax, then before the senate, advocating the taxation of railroad and mining properties according to their relative earning values instead of their physical values. However, it was impossible for his side to win under the Pingree administration but the course which he advocated has since been recognized and adopted as the only just way. In 1902 he was appointed deputy dairy and food commissioner, which position he held until 1905, when he was appointed United States consul to Wallaceburg, Ontario, acting in that capacity till the office was abolished June, 1906. Next came an appointment, confirmed by the senate, as United States consul to Saigon, Cochin China, but he resigned the position ere the expiration of his term and in November, 1906, came to Portland, where he has since resided.

Shortly after his arrival he organized the Michigan Land & Timber Company, of which he is the president, and in this field his operations are extensive. At all times his actions, whether in the business or political field, have been large and his outlook broad. His has never been a limited vision, the present constituting the bounds of his horizon, for he has looked beyond the present hour into the possibilities and opportunities of the future, whether in his official service or in the conduct of private business enterprises.

On the nth of May, 1871, Mr. Heald was married in Saginaw, Michigan, to Miss Eugenia C. Hitchcock, a daughter of Samuel J. and Clarissa (Alvord) Hitchcock, of that place. Mrs. Heald died July 31, 1908. The three children of that marriage are Ernest C, C. Ida and Ralph P. Both sons are associated with their father in the timber business and. have, especially the elder, for sev- eral years largely relieved him of its cares and responsibilities, while the daughter presides over their home at No. 'j']'}^ Pettygrove street, where the closest possible family ties exist. Mr. Heald belongs to the Chamber of Commerce and the Commercial Club. A spirit of activity dominates the northwest and he is in hearty sympathy with the movements of those two organizations for the further development of Portland and the exploitation of its resources. Prominent in Masonry, he has taken the degrees of the York and Scottish Rites, all save the thirty-third. His religious faith is indicated in his membership in the Presbyterian church. He is a large man, of fine personal appearance, congenial, courteous and hospitable, a man of broad thought and wide interests, with whom association means expansion and elevation.

Isaac A. Macrum

Isaac A. Macrum, deceased, was for a long period associated with professional, financial and other business interests in Portland, where he maintained his residence through almost three decades. He was born in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, April 7, 1842, and is a son of Samuel and Jean (Allen) Macrum, both of whom were of Scotch-Irish descent. They were born, reared and married in Ireland and unto them was born a daughter, Mary Ann, ere they sailed for the new world. Their family numbered seven children, of whom Isaac A. Macrum was the sixth in order of birth. The father was a farmer by occupation, and became the owner of an extensive tract of land in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, which he cultivated for many years. Both he and his wife died in that county.

Isaac A. Macrum began his education in the schools of Pittsburg, later attended the Leechburg Institute, the Iron City Commercial College of Pittsburg and the Pennsylvania State Normal School, after which he turned his attention to the profession of teaching, which he followed until he came to Oregon. He was principal for a time in the second ward school of Pittsburg and also had charge of the boys' department of the Newell Institute, being associated with Mr. Newell in the ownership of the school, which was a private institution situated on Penn avenue, in Pittsburg. He then sold out and came to Oregon in 1871.

While a resident of Pittsburg, Mr. Macrum was married to Miss Westanna Grubbs, a native of that city and a daughter of William and Margaret Grubbs. They began their domestic life in Pittsburg and four children were born unto them ere they left there for the west in 1871. Mr. Macrum's object was to take up land or buy property and engage in raising cattle, but he could not find land in the Willamette valley which he regarded suitable and so went to Oregon City, where he was employed as principal of a school for three years. He also took up the study of law there with the firm of Johnston & McCowan, and when they opened a branch office in Portland, Mr. Macrum was sent here to take charge. He continued with the firm for a number of years, carefully directing their legal interests at this point, but when the Willamette Savings Bank was opened he accepted the position of cashier, which was offered him and which he creditably filled until the bank was merged into the Merchants National Bank. He remained with the latter for a number of years as cashier and stockholder, but at length retired. He did not afterward engage in any strenuous business undertaking, although at dififerent times he held office, including that of state railroad commissioner. He was a stalwart republican in his political views, and filled various minor positions, the duties of which he discharged with such promptness and fidelity that indicated his loyalty in citizenship, and his unfaltering devotion to the public good.

The City Of Portland 737

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Macrum were born two children following their removal to the Pacific coast. Their eldest son, Dr. Charles A. Macrum, a graduate of the University of Michigan and now a successful practitioner of Portland, married Miss Stella B. Dorris of Eugene, Oregon. Margaret ]., the eldest daughter, is the wife of Dr. W. H. Byrd, of Salem, Oregon, and has two sons : Clarence M. and Donald. Newell, a railroad man living in Portland, is married and has two children : Reti and Clyde. William S., who is connected with the Merchants Bank of this city, married Lula Smith. John W., a civil engineer living in Spokane, married Miss Carrie M. Watt. Garfield H., also a civil engineer, is at home. The death of the husband and father occurred August 13, 1902, and he was laid to rest in the cemetery at Forest Grove, Oregon, where the family were then residing. Since his death, however, his widow has returned to Portland and is now located at No. 185 East Thirteenth street.

Mr. Macrum held membership in the Ancient Order of United Workmen, but his chief interests centered in the church and kindred lines of work. He took a great interest in the First Congregational church, served as one of its deacons, and did all in his power to promote the growth and extend the influence of the denomination. He was often called upon to fill the pulpit and was a delegate to church conventions on various occasions. He also taught in the Sunday school, was president of the Young Men's Christian Association for a number of years and contributed largely to its upbuilding. In fact he was in sympathy with every line of work which tends to a dissemination of the truth and constitutes a potent force in uplifting mankind. In this day when a wave of moral regeneration seems to be sweeping over the country, his life may well be taken as a type of Christian manhood and citizenship.

William Schmeer

Among the prominent business men of Portland who have long been identified with its interests and who have contributed their part toward the upbuilding of the city is William Schmeer, president of the Schmeer Carpet & Furniture Company. Mr. Schmeer has been a resident of the city fifty years and has been an interested spectator of the great changes that have taken place in the development of the city and the Pacific coast.

He was born in Germany in 1855, a son of Peter and Caroline (Schmeer) Schmeer, and at six years of age left the old country with his parents, who came direct to Portland by way of the isthmus of Panama and San Francisco, arriving at their destination in the old sailing ship Industry. The family began housekeeping in a little four-room cottage which stood on the spot now occupied by Ladd's Bank and the subject of this review attended school in a little log house in the woods which occupied the site where now stands the Portland Hotel. Peter Schmeer engaged in farming on land which is now called Schmeer's addition. He also owned a tract of fifty-five acres on East Stark and Twentyeighth streets. He was an intelligent and hard-working man and one who prospered in his business and set an example worthy of imitation by his children. In 1884, twenty-three years after he had established himself in his new home, the father was called to his reward, and in 1899 the mother, having reached an advanced age, also passed away.

William Schmeer grew up in Portland and after completing his education, at quite an early age entered the furniture business under Samuel Lowenstein, the firm later assuming the title of the Oregon Furniture Company, of which Mr. Schmeer became secretary, in which capacity he served for seven years, and for two years acted as president. As eastern buyer for the company he spent a great deal of time visiting the eastern markets and became widely known in a business for which from the first he seemed eminently adapted, and in which he attained a distinct success. In 1899 Mr. Schmeer withdrew from the Oregon Furniture Company and organized the company of which he is now the head and which, under his management, has become one of the most important concerns of the kind in the northwest. The company occupies the entire building of four floors, at No. 174 First street, and carries a complete and well selected stock of the very best lines.

In 1877 Mr. Schmeer was united in marriage to Miss Viola Burke, a daughter of William Ervin and Rebecca (Simmons) Burke, pioneers of 1852, who owned a large farm near St. Johns, where they lived for many years. Two children have blessed the union of Mr. and Mrs. Schmeer: William Emery, who was married in 1901 to Miss Jessie Pitzinger, and is associated with his father in business ; and Ethel, the wife of Jack Stanton of Portland.

Mr. Schmeer is one of the best known men of the city and holds membership in the Woodmen of the World and the National Union. For the past forty years he has been a member of the East Side Centenary Methodist church, being one of its earliest members and now one of its trustees. In politics he is a republican, but at local elections votes for the men whom he believes best qualified for ofiice regardless of party ties. The success of Mr. Schmeer in business has been due to characteristics of courage, determination, persistence and patience which he inherited from worthy ancestry and which in the long run seldom fail to lead to victory. He is known as a public-spirited citizen who always has at heart the best interests of the city and possesses in an unusual degree the confidence and esteem of his friends.

Lawrence J. O. Saldern

In the life of Lawrence J. O. Saldern, a well known lumberman of Portland, is presented a remarkable example of the effect of thrift and industry, and his career also illustrates what may be accomplished by a young man depending entirely upon his own resources in a country where opportunity is open to all. He first saw the light of day in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, January 21, 1844, his parents being Peter and Christina von Saldern. The family of von Saldern is one of the very old and prominent ones of Schleswig-Holstein, the ancestry being traced back to 1300, and some of its members are among the most influential people of the German empire. The family estates are also extensive. At the time of the birth of our subject Schleswig-Holstein was under the dominion of the Danish flag but it has since become a part of the German empire. He was educated in the public schools and was early taught to work, being apprenticed to a carriage and wagon maker, and before he reached manhood he had acquired a thorough knowledge of the trade.

Mr. Saldern was ambitious for opportunity which he did not preceive in his native land and he became convinced that his destiny pointed westward. Accordingly, at the age of twenty years, in 1864, he bade farewell to his old home and went aboard a ship bound for the united States. About this time the cholera was prevailing in various parts of Europe and many passengers aboard the ship were fatally seized with the disease and the young emigrant witnessed the ocean burial of hundreds of his fellow passengers. These scenes made a profound impression upon his mind, but he was not discouraged, as he had inherited from sturdy ancestors a spirit of indomitable perseverance which obstacles aroused only to greater exertion. On account of cholera prevailing aboard the ship he was detained for some time in quarantine before being allowed to land at New York. He proceeded westward, stopping at Davenport, Iowa, from which point he went to Muscatine in the same state, where he worked for several years at his trade. In 1870 he went to Dakota and continued in the carriage and wagon making business at Yankton until 1876, when, on account of failing- health because of the severe climate, he decided to seek a new field, selecting Portland as his home. After becoming acquainted with conditions in this state and the surrounding country, he engaged in the lumber business with such success that for some time he was the largest operator in the logging camps on the Willamette and Columbia rivers. He also became the owner of a sawmill at Albina, which he operated for two years.

In 1870, at Muscatine, Iowa, Mr. Saldern was united in marriage to Miss Florine Lindsay, a daughter of James and Nancy (Hart) Lindsay, and five children were born of this union, two of whom are now living: Eva, the wife of W. A. Packard ; and Amy, now Mrs. J. T. Healey. The family occupies an elegant modern residence with a large yard adorned with beautiful shubbery, at East Ninth street and Holladay avenue, and here Mr. Saldern is living at his ease, enjoying the results of many years of arduous toil which, however, were not without their compensations as he went along. In politics he is a republican. He is a member of the Masonic order and years ago accepted its basic principles of friendliness and helpfulness as elements of his own life. As a business man and private citizen Mr. Saldern has always pursued an honorable and upright course and wherever he is known in the northwest he is regarded with unqualified confidence and respect.

Francis H. Grubbs

Francis H. Grubbs of Portland, occupies the position of president of the Marsh Printing Company, although he has practically retired from the active management of business interests. He was born in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, March 24, 1834, a son of John and Susan (Austen) Grubbs. The family were early residents of Pennsylvania, settling near Philadelphia, among the first colonists of the Keystone state. They were of German lineage and the great-grandfather, George Grubbs, married a German maiden, whose dowry was a red heifer and a feather bed. They tied the bed on the animal's back and started across the Alleghany mountains to establish a home in the "wild western wilderness," settling where Pittsburg now stands. They were among the first to locate on that site, the place being known as Fort Pitt. The great-grandfather was shot by an Indian near the fort, the wound being inflicted by an arrow. This did not kill him, however, and in time he recovered, remaining a resident of that locality throughout the residue of his days. Many of his descendants still live in Pittsburg or in that part of the country. Agriculture seemed to be the usual occupation of the family in the early days.

However, John Grubbs, the father of Francis H. Grubbs, became a contractor and builder of Pittsburg. He was born about twelve miles from that city on the 31st of December, 1801, and died in Oregon on the 8th of January, 1886. He was a son of Conrad Grubbs, a farmer by occupation, who died on the old homestead near Pittsburg. While living in Pennsylvania, John Grubbs wedded Susan Austen, who was born at Cattle Gate Manor, Wiltshire, England, in 1814, and died in Oregon at the age of eighty-five years. In 1846 John Grubbs and his family left Pennsylvania and went to Michigan, where they resided for five years. On the expiration of that period the father and his three sons, Francis H., John C. and Elijah E., came to the Pacific coast, traveling westward with ox teams and reaching their destination in the fall of 1852, after six months spent upon the way. They settled near Corvallis, where John Grubbs took up a claim of three hundred and twenty acres of land, on which he built a house. He hauled logs to the mill, had them sawed into lumber and his knowledge of carpentering enabled him to build his home. This was one of the early frame houses of the district, the brothers living in a small shack while it was being erected. About a year later Francis H. Grubbs returned to the east by way of the isthmus of Panama in order to remove his mother, three sisters and a younger brother to Oregon. The return trip was made by way of the isthmus and they had much trouble in reaching their destination. It was a difficult undertaking to cross Panama, as the natives were very hostile and would attack travelers at every opportunity. Finally, however, Mr. Grubbs and the others of the family reached Oregon and at Portland he secured a wagon to take his mother and the children to Corvallis, where the father was located. When they reached their home no one was there, as nothing could be definitely known as to the time of their arrival. The other members of the family were at work in the woods, but soon a brother of Francis H. Grubbs returned to the house, and as soon as he caught a glimpse of Francis called out: "Which one is dead?" expecting to find that some of the family had perished by the way on account of the hard trip. The trip, however, had been safely accomplished, and all went to Jive upon the old homestead, Francis H. Grubbs and his brother assisting the father in fencing the place. Then they started to school, being enrolled as pupils of the Willamette University. Soon Francis H. Grubbs was old enough to take up land and secured one hundred and sixty acres adjoining his father's property, but later his brother, Elijah E., bought him out. For seven years Francis H. Grubbs attended Willamette University and completed the course with the first class that was ever graduated on the Pacific coast. There were three members of the family in that class, the others being his brother John C. and his sister Margaretta, who later became the wife of James Odell.

After completing his early education, Mr. Grubbs took up the profession of teaching and was made principal of the academic department of Willamette University. He remained as a teacher there for six years and his wife, who had also graduated in the class with him, was likewise a teacher in that school, being elected preceptress after the first year. She bore the maiden name of Lucy Anna Marie Lee and was a daughter of Jason and Lucy (Thomson) Lee. Her father was one of the first Protestant missionaries of Oregon and was for many years superintendent of Methodist missions in this state ; a most interesting and historic character, whose labors were a vital element in the moral development of this district. His daughter. Miss Lucy A. M. Lee, was born in Salem, Oregon, in 1842, in the first house built in that town, and for the acquirement of her education became a student in Willamette University, where she met Mr, Grubbs. The date of their graduation was July 14, 1863, at which time the degree of Bachelor of Arts was conferred upon them and they had also received Latin diplomas certifying their attainments. They were married on the 27th of July, 1864, and after teaching in the university for six years took charge of Baker City Academy, a new institution, with which they were connected for two years. He next became connected with La Creole Academy at Dallas for a time. They then devoted two years to teaching in Umpqua Academy, at the end of which time Mrs. Grubbs became ill. He was next made principal of the schools at Eugene, and subsequently went to The Dalles, where he remained as principal for three years. His health failing, he was obliged to give up teaching and through the influence of his friend, Mr. McClelland, who was superintendent of bridges and building for the Northern Pacific Railroad Company, he was made paymaster, with headquarters at Spokane, his work extending over a territory of two hundred and twenty-eight miles. He was with that company for two years, and when Mr. McClelland was made superintendent of the Canadian Pacific, Mr. Grubbs went with him as assistant superintendent of one of his divisions, acting in that capacity for two years. On the expiration of that period he returned to Oregon and became manager for the Union Mutual Life Insurance Company of Maine. He was given jurisdiction over Montana and removed to that state, where he remained for two years. About that time his father died at the age of eighty-five, at the home of a daughter in Eugene, where he had for some time lived retired. Francis H. Grubbs then took up the work of settling the estate. Subsequently he and his daughter, Ethel W., traveled in the east for six months, the daughter then remaining in Boston for two years to study in the New England Conservatory of Music. She is an only child. The mother had passed away April 28, 1881, and after leaving his daughter in the east, Mr. Grubbs went to Alaska with Mr. McClelland, with whom he had previously been associated and who was the owner of a large fish cannery and trading establishment. Mr. Grubbs was given charge of the trading station, and to the business devoted his energies for two years. He then returned to Portland and was joined by his daughter, who had finished her studies in the east. Mr. Grubbs joined with R, J. Marsh in the organization of the Marsh Printing Company in 1889, and a successful business was established. Later Mr. Marsh was killed and Mr. Grubbs took charge of the plant, with which he has been connected to the present time. His business has been a paying investment, and has brought a substantial return to its stockholders.

He has now passed the seventy-sixth milestone on life's journey. His has been an eventful and useful career. He was only seventeen years of age when he came with his father to the northwest and the experiences of frontier life in this section of the country are familiar to him. Business interests have called him not only to various sections of Oregon, but also to Montana, Washington and Alaska. He has watched the making of history, as it has unfolded in the events which have marked the material, intellectual, political and moral growth of the northwest. He came to be recognized as one of the foremost educators of this state and later proved his efficiency and ability in business lines as distinct from professional activities. His name is honored for what he has accomplished, his labors being an element in the substantial progress of this section as well as a source of individual success. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church and has served as superintendent of the Sunday school, class leader, steward and trustee for many years.

Mathew Brady

Mathew Brady was numbered among the successful contractors of Portland of an earlier day and the Union block and other substantial structures stand as monuments to his skill, workmanship and business enterprise. During the last two decades of his life, however, he lived retired, his previous success being sufficient to enable him to put aside further business cares.

He was born in Dublin, Ireland, in 1822, a son of Andrew and Esther Brady. His education was acquired in the schools of the Emerald isle up to the time when he came to America. He was still quite young, however, when he crossed the Atlantic. St. Louis became his place of residence, and there he remained until 1855, when he started for California in search of gold. The first wild excitement over the gold discoveries had subsided, but it was learned that there was a goodly supply of the precious metal to be secured in California by those who had the patience and the capital with which to work the mines. Mr. Brady made the journey westward by way of the isthmus of Panama, and Henry Everding of Portland was in the same party. Reaching San Francisco, he made his way to the mines, where he continued until about i860, when he came to Portland. He had two sisters living here at that time and his consideration of the business possibilities and opportunities of the city brought him to the conclusion that it would be a good place in which to locate. He purchased a lot at the northwest corner of Fifth and Stark streets, which was then covered with trees and stumps. He cleared the land and built a house, thus establishing his home in the Rose City.

On the 13th of February, 1870, he brought to his home as his bride Miss Margaret Donohue, whom he had wedded on that day. She was a daughter of Daniel and Margaret Donohue, natives of Newtown, Mount Temple, Ireland, and Mrs. Brady was also born on the green isle of Erin. She came to America when fifteen years of age and lived in New York until 1862, when she made her way to Portland by way of the isthmus of Panama. From the time of their marriage until 1893, Mr. and Mrs. Brady occupied the original dwelling which he built, but in the latter year he erected a fine modern residence at the corner of Twenty-fourth and Johnson streets. To this he removed and there remained until his death, which occurred on the ist of October, 1904. The home is still occupied by his widow and daughter, the former being now seventy-five years of age. Mr. Brady learned the mason's trade when young, and followed contracting in Portland. He built a number of buildings here, including the Union block, and was in partnership with Mr. Casen and later with Mr. Caywood. He retired about twenty years, however, before his demise, for he had prospered in his undertakings and his numerous contracts and well directed business ability had brought him a substantial competence.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Brady were born three children: Edward, who died at the age of nine years; Mamie Esther Caroline, the wife of George A. Vogt, a native of Peru, Illinois, and now a resident of Portland; and Francis E., who died at the age of eleven years. Mr. and Mrs. Vogt reside with Mrs. Brady and they have one daughter, Lucile M. They also lost a daughter, Doris C.

During the early days of his residence in this country, Mr. Brady was a strong democrat, but later became equally zealous in his support of the republican party. He would never consent to hold office, but was always most loyal to the political principles in which he believed. He was a strong temperance man and held membership in the Catholic church. He had a cottage at the seaside where he spent the summer seasons, and in his beautiful home in Portland the winter months were passed. His success in former years enabled him in the last twenty years of his life to enjoy rest from labor, with leisure to participate in those activities which he found of most interest and pleasure.

Judge Owen N. Denny

Among the distinguished residents of the northwest Judge Owen N. Denny was prominent. He was long connected with the consular service of the United States and his high ideal of citizenship made his efforts in the government service of lasting benefit to the country. Moreover, in this section he was well known as an able lawyer and in the later years of his life gave his attention to his invested interests and the management of his farming property.

He was a native of Ohio, born in Beverly, September 4, 1838, a son of Christian and Eliza (Nickerson) Denny, the former a native of Virginia and the latter of Massachusetts. The mother was a direct descendant of colonists who came to America as passengers of the Mayflower. Judge Denny spent the first thirteen years of his life in the state of his nativity and then accompanied his parents on their westward emigration to Oregon in the year 1852, a year which witnessed the arrival of many of the settlers who had come to locate permanently that they might reclaim this region for the purposes of civilization and establish homes here in a district whose natural resources afforded them excellent opportunities The Denny home was established in Lebanon and the future judge continued his education as a student of the Lebanon University and the Willamette University at Salem, where he was graduated.

Determining upon the practice of law as a life work, he began reading under the direction of Amony Holbrook and Joseph Wilson, and after a careful and thorough preparation was admitted to the bar. A short time subsequent to his admission he removed to The Dalles and during his residence there was appointed and later elected judge of Wasco county, when he was only twenty-four years old. His course upon the bench was marked by fair and impartial rulings

Owen N. Denny The City Of Portland 747

About 1864 Judge Denny removed to Portland and was here elected pohce judge sitting upon the bench of that court for four years, after which he resigned to accept from President Grant the appointment of collector of internal revenue for Oregon and Alaska. Throughout much of the remainder of his life he continued in the service of the nation and stood as a splendid representative of government interests, holding to the highest ideals of citizenship, his being a notably conspicuous and honorable career at a period when too much corruption has been manifest by those in political office. In 1870 he was appointed United States consul to Amoy, China, but declined the position and continued in the practice of law until 1877, when he was appointed United States consul to Tien Tsin. In 1880 he was advanced to the position of consul general^ at Shanghai, where he represented the government for four years, displaying marked diplomacy in the conduct of the intricate and often delicate duties which devolved upon him in that connection.

After serving for four years he resigned and returned to Portland, but had again been a resident of this city for only a brief period when he received a cable from Li Hung Chang on behalf of the king of Corea, inviting him to Seoul. He accepted the invitation in 1885 and on his arrival was made foreign adviser to the king and director of foreign affairs at a salary of twelve thousand dollars a year. He held this office for four or five years and returned to Portland in 1891 solely on account of his health. Here he was made receiver of the Portland Savings Bank about 1894, in which position he continued for three years, when he retired on account of failing health and in order to devote himself to his private interests, including the supervision of several farms in which he had made judicial investment. While consul general in Shanghai Judge Denny had introduced into Oregon the ring-necked Chinese pheasant, a Mongolian game bird which is now the principal upland bird in Oregon and in Washington and by common consent of sportsmen, also by decree of the legislature, has been given the name of the Denny pheasant.

In March, 1900, Judge Denny went to Long Beach, Washington, hoping that a change of climate might prove beneficial to his health, and there passed away on the 30th of June. The public record of few men of Oregon have extended over a longer period and none have been more blameless in conduct, stainless in reputation and faultless in honor.

Captain Fred Leelbwes

The life history of Captain Fred LeeLewes is an interesting chapter in the annals of Oregon and the northwest. Living in Portland at the age of eighty years, his mind is still alert and he relates with keen zest the incidents of pioneer life, with many of which he was closely associated. One act alone of his life would entitle him to prominent mention in the history of Oregon - a wild ride of seventy miles without stopping for food or drink, save once to water his horse, that he might warn the Waiilatpu mission of the impending Indian massacre. In this he undoutbedly saved the lives of seventy-five white people who were planting the seeds of Christian civilization on the western frontier.

Captain LeeLewes was born near Red River, Canada, on the 29th of September, 1830, a son of Captain John and Fannie LeeLewes. He attended school at the place of his nativity until about fourteen years of age, when he came to the west with his father and the family in the autumn of 1844. Previously his brother Adolphus had made the journey to Oregon by boat in 1836 and sent back favorable reports concerning the condition of the country and the natural resources ward until they crossed the Rocky mountains and reached the headwaters of the Columbia river, the father then taking full charge of the interest of the Hudson Bay Company at Fort Colville. He remained in the employ of that company for forty years, one of its most trusted and trustworthy representatives. The family met the usual experiences of pioneer life, when settlers had to make and manufacture almost everything which they used. Ingenuity and invention were called forth, but the pioneers were always willing to help each other and a spirit of brotherly kindness prevailed among the white men of the northwest. In 1845 the father found it necessary at two different times to make the journey to Vancouver for supplies and with seven bateaux started for his destination. They ran all rapids but those of the Cascades and The Dalles, at which place the boats had to be drawn over the portage by the crews. No difficulties, however, were experienced after leaving The Dalles.

Captain LeeLewes describes the headwaters of the Columbia river at the time of the arrival of the family in the northwest as two beautiful lakes with a narrow strip of land, hardly more than a path between. One of these lakes is called Comeles Punch Bowl. The weeks and months passed on and the LeeLewes family were becoming thoroughly accustomed to the conditions which they found here and the environment of the frontier. Indians were numerous in this part of the country and at times showed open hostility. It was upon a night in November, 1847, that a band of friendly red men came to the home of the LeeLewes family, saying that the Cayuse Indians were making ready to kill all of the whites at Waiilapu mission and that they then intended to massacre all at Tshimikan mission on Walker's prairie, where the Rev. Walker and the Rev. Fells were in charge. About daybreak - at five o'clock - the next morning Fred LeeLewes, then a youth of seventeen years, mounted a swift horse and started to warn the missionaries of their impending danger. Never stopping for rest, for food or drink, he urged his horse on constantly until he reached the mission at two o'clock in the afternoon, thus completing a hazardous ride of seventy miles. He bore the message from his father that all were to come to the fort for protection and in the early morning hours of the following day seventy-five people started and after two days' travel reached Fort Colville. They were given a building to live in and were assisted in every way possible by John LeeLewes and his family. It was afterward learned that the Indians reached the missions the second day after the ever memorable massacre of Dr. and Mrs. Whitman and their associates, intending to repeat their deed of horror, but the courage of Captain LeeLewes prevented another tragic chapter in Oregon's history.

The following year he joined a band of volunteers who were to act as escort to the emigrants coming to the Willamette valley. In 1849 he took up his abode in Portland and became a clerk in the store of Crosby & Smith, proprietors of the first mercantile establislrment in this city. He occupied that position for two years. He was at one time a packer in Captain Wright's command, while on a hunt for Indians who were killing the emigrants. While thus engaged his Cayuse pony threw him upon a rock, cutting a gash in his scalp. His wound was dressed as best it could be done under the circumstances by the surgeon of the company and, not wishing to shirk duty although injured, he took up the task of driving the ambulance team.

After the Indian war Captain LeeLewes worked with his brother Adolphus, who had taken up a donation claim on the Lewis river. Subsequently he purchased his brother's interest in that property and lived upon this farm of six hundred and forty acres. He became owner in 1855 and made his home there until about 1890. In the early days he had to take his grain in sail boats from his farm to Milwaukie to be ground, as that was the only gristmill accessible. To reach it he had to travel a distance of seventy-two miles. On one occasion he was making a trip in his sail boat to the Portland market. He was accompanied by a young man on the farm, who was anticipating a visit to his lady love and expressing his happiness by "cutting a pigeon wing." The dance was of short duration, however, a lurch of the boat sending the young man into a basket containing sixty dozen eggs. His predicament was anything but pleasant, for he had with him but one suit of clothing. There are few men who could give as interesting and vivid pictures of pioneer life as can Captain LeeLewes, who has been an interested witness of the growth and progress of this section of the country for two-thirds of a century. He continued to reside upon his farm in Collets county, formerly a part of Clarke county, Washington, which he still owns, until 1890, when he retired and came to Portland to live with his children.

He was not only numbered among the enterprising and progressive farmers of that region but also took an active part in the public life of the community. He served as county commissioner of Clarke county for four years, being elected to the ofifice on the republican ticket, and after the division of the county he filled the office of constable of Collets county. He also conducted a general store on the ranch for a time and thus supplied the wants of the early settlers of that locality.

In 1855 Captain LeeLewes was married to Miss Millie Bozarth, who came west with her parents in 1845. Unto Captain and Mrs. LeeLewes were born seven children: Lillie, the deceased wife of Charles H. Ewing; Adolphus, of Portland; Harry, of Oregon, who married Fannie Tooley and has two sons, Adell and Burrell ; Rose, who is the wife of J. A. Grove, of Los Angeles, and has one son, Earl ; Archie, of Portland ; Mabel, the deceased wife of Elmer E. Wright ; and Georgia, the wife of Fred R. Alexander, of Portland. The wife and mother died in 1882.

Captain LeeLewes is a member of the Episcopal church, of the Indian War Veterans and of the Oregon Pioneer Society. His business interests have brought him a substantial measure of prosperity, so that the comforts of life are easily acquired. He is a genial, lovable gentlemen, always wearing a pleasant smile, and is an honored member of the family of his daughter, Mrs. Fred R. Alexander, living at No. 895 Commercial street.

Frank A. Knapp

Much property has been developed and subdivided by the real-estate firm of Knapp & Mackey, of which Frank A. Knapp is senior partner. He has been identified with the real-estate business in Portland since 1903 and now occupies a suite of rooms in the Board of Trade building. The period of his residence in Portland covers twenty-seven years. The city of Oshkosh, Wisconsin, numbers him among its native sons and he remained a resident there from the time of his birth, in 1853, until he was thirteen years of age, when he went with his parents, William A. and Lucinda (Gilbert) Knapp, to Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. He is indebted to the public school system of that state for the educational privileges which he enjoyed and after leaving school he embarked in manufacturing in Fond du Lac, where he resided until 1883 - the year of his arrival in Portland.

Mr. Knapp came to this city as manager for the Frank Brothers Implement Company, which position he held for over fifteen years, contributing in a large measure to the successful conduct of that enterprise. In 1903, with A. L. Maxwell as a partner, he turned his attention to the real-estate business, which they conducted at that time exclusively on a commission basis. One of Mr. Knapp's first important deals was selling to the American Can Company the site they now occupy on the river front. About a year after the establishment of the business A. L. Maxwell withdrew from the firm and six months later S. P. Mackey was ad'mitted as junior partner, under the present firm style of Knapp & Mackey. They have done considerable business in developing and selling lots in various subdivisions throughout the city. While none of these have been extremely large, they have handled many different subdivisions and at this writing in 1910 are closing up the sales on their latest one, Ardenwald, having sold about one hun-

Mr. Knapp has been married twice. He first wedded Miss Emma Raymond, and unto them was born a daughter, Mrs. C. M. Hurlburt, of Hood River, Oregon. His present wife was at the time of her marriage to Mr. Knapp the widow of T. W. Brazee, who was a pioneer river man of Portland. Her maiden name was Minnie Biles. Her father, James Biles, now deceased, was one of Portland's pioneers, who crossed the plains with his family when his daughter Minnie was but nine months old.

Mr. Knapp is a valued member of the Arlington and Commercial Clubs and of the Masonic fraternity - associations which indicate much of the nature of his interests and the principles that govern his conduct. The firm of Knapp & Mackey has rapidly progressed to a foremost position in real-estate circles in Portland.

The Dimick Family

Among the colonial family names dispersed among the states and identified from the first with our national growth is that of Dimick. Under the vicissitudes of pioneer community building and subsequently, the early records of this family, like those of a majority perhaps of the English colonists of America, have been lost, the chief events only having been preserved by family traditions and heirlooms.

The enterprise, heroism and fortitude requisite for the colonial venture were of themselves an endowment possessed only by people of positive and sterling qualities. Hence, the distinguishing traits of many of these sturdy adventurers, for which their names were synonyms, still survive in their descendants. To that type of citizens this family belongs.

In temperament the Dimicks, although originally from the northern colonies, resembled the old Virginians in their fondness for fine horses and sportsmanship rather than their austere Puritan neighbors. Being people of high metal, active in mind and body, their character was a remarkable combination of purpose and energy. Regarding religious beliefs like Roger Williams of the preceding century, they have always been broadly tolerant, never moved to fanaticism and persecution. Public-spirited, their political principles have always been fearlessly expressed. In business they have been keen and resourceful, thrifty and well-to-do; in professional life successful; and in political life efficient and honorable.

Myron Hawley Dimick

Solomon Dimick whose father, born in London, was a soldier of the Revolutionary war, was born in New York about the year 1790. He married Deziah Estes, whose father also served in the Revolutionary war. From this union twelve children were born, the fifth of whom, Myron Hawley Dimick was born in Mohawk county. New York, November 28, 1820. In 1822, Solomon with his family moved to the Western Reserve in Ohio, where he had the first apple orchard in that section of the state. There he spent the rest of his life. One of his sons settled in Bellevue, Ohio, where he became a prominent and honored citizen. On attaining his majority, Myron H. Dimick located in Belvidere, Illinois. Returning five years later, he married Eleanor Ennis, July 3, 1846, and settled in northern Illinois. Eight children were born to them of whom five are now (1910) living: Aiary Dimick Meserve, Altha Adelia Dimick, Milo M. Dimick, Merton E. Dimick and Aphia L. Dimick, all of Portland, Oregon.

Aphia L. Dimick The City Of Portland 753

For many years Myron H. Dimick resided on a large stock farm, adjoining De Kalb, Illinois. In 1850 he was appointed field agent by Hamlin & Green of Chicago to handle the land grants of the Illinois Central Railroad, which position he held twelve years. He was always a stanch advocate of good roads and deeply interested in education, having served many terms as school director. In 1862 Mr. Dimick came across the plains driving horses. He started with a number of very valuable horses, among them being a fine stock horse, which he purchased in Vermont, paying three thousand dollars for it. The stock was poisoned by alkali water and died before reaching Oregon. - Mr. Dimick was a skilled veterinary surgeon. He always took a great interest in county and state fairs, being considered an authority on horses.

Fie was a whig, voted for Abraham Lincoln and was a lifelong stanch republican. Like his father, he was affiliated with the Universalist church. He lived in Salem until 1868, when he moved to Portland, where he died January 19, 1895. He was exceedingly generous-hearted and would share the last dollar with friend or stranger in need.

His wife was indeed a helpmeet. Her nature was a pecuhar combination of sweetness and strength. She always rose to meet the occasion, no matter how trying. She was the homebuilder as evidenced by the fact that all the living children and the only grandchild were living with her at the time of her death, February 4, 1905. Her's was a rare spiritual nature. A devoted wife, a loving mother, a stanch friend, always charitable, generous, forgiving - her influence over her children was remarkable. Her friends were legion and in many a household the name of Mother Dimick was the synonym for everything that was true and noble and womanly.

At the funeral of Mrs. Dimick, her pastor, Rev. Dr. T. L. Eliot, of the First Unitarian church, spoke of her in terms that will in part show the impression that she made upon her intimate friends and fellow-citizens. Dr. Eliot said: "There are some qualities that only the ripest experience can attain to, and in thinking of Mrs. Dimick and of my relations to her as pastor for over twenty years, it is qualities of this character that seem to me to gather about her name and memory. Her life was conspicuous first for Wisdom, a quality which is more than knowledge. I add the quality of Reverence, which is more than theology or philosophy, and lastly the quality of Service, which is more than duty, containing at its heart the principle of self-renunciation. I have never known any one who more fully verified the ascription to womanhood in the closing chapters of the Book of Proverbs. 'She was not afraid of the cold for her household,' no, nor afraid of anything that stood in the way of her protecting care and pride ; and in few homes could it be more truly said that 'her children rise up and call her blessed.' There was in fine a constancy of principle, a habitude of self-sacrifice, an attitude of sustained cheerfulness, whose source could be none other than the presence and the power of an Unseen Friend. And her life was a fresh proof to me that our human experience must draw its inspirations from divine sources in order itself to become a providence and a benediction to other human sorrows and needs."

Aphia Lucinda Dimick

Aphia Lucinda Dimick is regarded as one of the progressive educators of Portland and the state. She is the youngest daughter of Myron H. and Eleanor Ennis Dimick, and was born in De Kalb, Illinois. She received her education in Oregon and was graduated from St. Mary's Academy and College of Portland in 1873. She soon entered the profession of teaching, in which she has had marked success. Miss Dimick taught three months in the country schoolroom and was then appointed teacher of the infant class in the old Harrison

(now Shattuck) school, under I. W. Pratt as principal. She was promoted each succeeding year for the first six years. Later she taught both primary and grammar grades in the old Central and Park schools. Miss Dimick was vice principal for nine years at the Park (now Ladd) school. In September, 1896, Miss Dimick was made principal of the Holladay school, "where her executive ability and progressive methods stamped all her work to such an extent that, in 1898 when she was transferred to Brooklyn school, there was an almost unanimous protest from the people of Holladay addition, who desired her retained in that building."

One of the presidents of the Brooklyn Mothers' and Teachers' Club says: "It has been in the capacity of principal of Brooklyn school that there has been full play and scope for her progressive methods and ideas. After years of persistent, earnest effort, her plans of uniting the home and the school in solution of the problems of child life have been approved by the parents, have taken permanent root, and have spread to the other schools of the city. The Mothers' and Teachers' Club of Brooklyn school, organized through the efforts of Miss Dimick, has rapidly become a force for good in the community and has been the main avenue through which she has reached the parents of this section and secured their cooperation. She has been much more than a mere teacher, for she has always entered into the life and ambition of the child, taking a personal interest in each child under her charge. It would thus seem that the problem of bringing the home and school closer together and uniting their joint responsibility, had been reached through her methods. In her numerous public addresses, Miss Dimick has always maintained that the parents have a responsibility that they can not shift on to the schools, but also that the teacher has a joint responsibility with the parents. The kindergarten has had a strong advocate in her, and the establishment and maintenance of a kindergarten department at the Brooklyn school for several years past has been due to her desire to demonstrate the value of this initial work in the hope that through this demonstration the kindergarten may become a part of the public school system."

Miss Dimick has the remarkable record of having taught continuously in the Portland public school (since September, 1874) thirty-six years. Miss Dimick was elected assistant secretary of the State Teachers' Association when she had taught only one year and held that position for five successive years. She has always taken an active interest in institute work and was elected president of the Western Division of the Oregon State Teachers' Association in November, 1906, the only time this honor has been conferred upon a woman.

In 1884, Miss Dimick was elected first president of St. Mary's Alumnae Association and served in that capacity for seventeen successive years. The following is a tribute from her alma mater :

"If the past faculties of St. Mary's Academy and College could voice an estimate of Aphia L. Dimick, their worthy alumna, they would give this judgment of her merit: 'She has honored her alma mater.' Miss Dimick who received here elementary training at the Academy of the Sacred Heart, Salem, Oregon, was entered as a student at St. Mary's Academy, Portland, September, 1870. She came to us as a frail young girl, dawning into womanhood, but with an intelligence developed far beyond her years ; with an ideality of purpose which was an earnest indication of high endeavor and which bore marked results as evidenced in her graduation from St. Mary's Academy with first honors. Her habits of self-control, her superior sense of honor, her indomitable energy, and versatile powers of expression prepared her for her life work, that of teaching in the public schools of her home city, Portland. What has been the scope of that work, what its influence for good in the Pacific northwest, can not be gauged by human reckoning.

"During the years when the teaching of heavy grades in the Park school and acting as principal of the night school, made strenuous demands, on phys- ical strength, Miss Dimick undertook the task of securing the degree of B. L. from her alma mater by pursuing a literary and classical course. The hours of well earned rest were given to realizing a purpose in which she was eminently successful.

"At the inception of St. Mary's Alumnae Association in 1884, Miss Dimick was elected to the office of president, which she held during seventeen years with dignity and efficiency. During thirty-seven years she has lived in close intimacy with St. Mary's. The trend of events, at times might have appealed to another, so circumstanced, to safeguard her individual interests and forego the attachment to her alma mater, but the strong woman proved that 'Loyalty to loyalty is the crown and real end of loyalty.' "

Miss Dimick has always been an active member of the Teachers' and Principals' Clubs of this city and has been a lifelong member of the First Unitarian church of Portland, Oregon.

Mr. Joseph Buchtel says : "I have known Miss Aphia L. Dimick for many years and can testify to her worth and services as an educator in this city. Unlike many teachers, she has placed the matter of salary in a secondary place to the services rendered and has always been enthusiastic for the development of the child under her care. There is a vast difference between the educator who is in the profession simply for what there is in it financially and the one who is the teacher for the good that may be done. Miss Dimick belongs to the latter class. She has been much than a mere instructor in branches of study; she has sought during her long years of service in the public schools of Portland to solve the real problems of child life and child nature by careful study and close application. I doubt if any of our teachers have made a deeper or more effective study of her profession than has Miss Dimick, and I doubt whether there is another educator in the state who has made a greater success in that profession. Certainly no one has been more devoted to the profession than she. If we are ever to have a higher class of teachers, it must be through that enthusiasm for the work that is born from love of the work and for the child. Miss Dimick has always subordinated selfishness for the broader principles of education ; hence, her great success."

In 1895, while city superintendent of the Portland public schools, Professor I. W. Pratt wrote of Miss Dimick: "It has been my privilege to be a coworker with Miss A. L. Dimick for over twenty years. She is a woman of fine character, energy and courage. Her firm, quiet, earnest manner can not fail to impress all with whom she comes in contact. Her work as principal of our night school has seldom been equalled and never surpassed. She is faithful, intelligent and appreciative in all her work - these characteristics she bears as a part of herself and projects into every day life. She deserves a high place in opportunity for usefulness."

"For twenty-five years I have had personal knowledge of the work of Miss Aphia L. Dimick in the public schools of Portland, first as a teacher and afterwards as principal of a grammar school. She is a teacher of the very first rank and a most successful disciplinarian. Held in the highest esteem by her pupils, she secures from them earnest effort and hearty cooperation. Her services have always been faithful and effective. Her influence has been an uplift in the part of the city where she has worked and has tended constantly to the improvement of social conditions" is the estimate that Superintendent Frank Rigler of the Portland schools places upon her work.

Rev. Dr. T. L. Eliot says of Miss Dimick : "During all the years that Miss A. L. Dimick has been so faithfully teaching in the public schools of Portland, I have been intimately an observer of her work. Several of my children have been her pupils. I do not easily find words to express my appreciation of her character as a woman and a teacher. Few people make such a conscience of their profession. Her influence upon pupils is of that high order, which wins from them tireless industry and forms their characters to noble standards. She is superior in every branch of pedagogic skill and as well qualified as any one I know for all executive functions, such as principal or superintendent. Her administration for fifteen years as principal of Holladay, and for the last thirteen at Brooklyn school, has had a remarkable quality not only in school work but upon the character of both pupils and their homes, and, indeed, upon the tone, moral and civic, of the whole immediate section of the city."

State superintendent of public instruction, J. H. Ackerman says : "For more than twenty years, I have been conversant with the educational work of Miss Aphia L. Dimick, the subject of this sketch, during which time I have come to appreciate more and more her educational qualifications as a woman and an educator. She has won a most enviable position in the educational ranks of the state, one of which she may well be proud. During this time she has been continuously connected with the Portland schools, and the high esteem in which she is held by the thousands of pupils who have come under her guiding and inspiring influence is a higher and better tribute to her worth than any words I may say.

"Miss Dimick has always been quick to respond to any call of duty, whether within or outside the city. She served, with honor, as president of the Oregon State Teachers' Association, Western Division, by preparing and administering one of the strongest programs the association has ever had.

"Miss Dimick has a strong personality, high sense of professional honor, marked administrative ability and an unimpeachable character. The state, indeed, has been fortunate in having her services during so many of her best years, and the world is better for her having taken part in its educational work."

John Peter Rasmussen

John Peter Rasmussen, president of Rasmussen & Company, has been prominently identified with Portland business interests since 1874. He was born at Ringsted, Denmark, January 10, 1853, the son of Jens and Mary (Christensen) Rasmussen. The father, who was a farmer by occupation, was born in 1817 and died in 1871, while the mother, who was born in 1820, survived hei husband until 1883.

J. P. Rasmussen was educated in the public schools of his native country and assisted his father with the work of the farm until nineteen years of age, when he decided to try his fortune in America. Arriving in the United States in 1872 he remained in the east for about a year. In 1873 he came to Salem, Oregon, and in May, 1874, arrived in Portland. Here he began as a painter's apprentice, mastered the trade which he followed until 1886, when he embarked on his own account in the painter's supply business. Later he took a partner into the business and the firm name was changed to Rasmussen, Fisher & Company, continuing thus until 1893, when Mr. Rasmussen withdrew and founded the house of Rasmussen & Company. The business was afterward incorporated with Mr. Rasmussen as president and executive head. In 1905 they began in the manufacture on an extensive scale of paints, varnishes, windows, doors, etc., and are today one of the most important organizations in their line in the northwest.

An optimist as to Portland's future, Mr. Rasmussen has wisely invested in considerable real estate and the soundness of his judgment has been amply demontrated by the phenomenal increase in values in recent years. He is a member of the Board of Trade, the Chamber of Commerce and the Commercial Uub, being especially interested in the various projects of the later to stimulate the commercial interests of the city and state.

He is a republican where national questions are involved, but locally prefers to support the men he deems best qualified to conserve the city's civic and busi- ness. advancement. He is a member of Grace Methodist Episcopal church and serves on its board of trustees and is a Hberal contributor to the various charities of that organization. Mr. Rasmussen was married in Portland in 1878 to Elizabeth, daughter of Christopher Daniels of Chicago, Illinois. They have four children : Jennie Sophia, Hardy Daniels, Sidney Christopher and Ralph Waldo. The family residence is at 380 East Eleventh street North.

Industry, close application and a strict observance of a rigid code of business honor have constituted the salient features of his success. Genial, prosperous, generous, by sheer merit, Mr. Rasmussen has won for himself an enviable position in the commercial and social life of his adopted city, where by taking intelligent advantage of the opportunities offered he has become a striking example of that peculiarly American product, the self-made man.

Max S. Hirsch

Max S. Hirsch is president and general manager of one of the substantial and productive industries of Portland - the Williamette Tent & Awning Company, which is the largest concern of the kind on the Pacific coast. The development of this business from a very small beginning to its present extensive proportions, is incontrovertible proof of the business ability and progressive methods of him who stands at the head. And, moreover, his life history is of intense interest, for his success has come to him as the merited reward of earnest labor intelligently directed.

He was born in Rhein-Hessen, Germany, and his educational privileges were those offered by the public schools of his native country. The year 1871 witnessed his arrival in America, and he made his way direct to Portland, where he entered the department store of Meier & Frank. The senior member of this firm, Mr. Meier, was his uncle, and it was through his influence that Mr. Hirsch came to Portland. He remained with that company for twenty years, working his way steadily upward from the position of utility boy to that of manager. He resigned in 1906 to become connected with the Willamette Tent & Awning Company, of which he was made vice president and general manager, while since 1908 he has been the president. The other officers are E. H. Wemme, vice president, and H. A. Weis, secretary and treasurer. The company today employs one hundred and ten operatives in the factory, mostly women. The business had its inception in 1884, when a small room, twenty by twenty feet, in a frame building was secured in which to conduct a tent and awning manufactory. At that time, however, only two people were employed, but the four hundred square feet of floor space was ample for the business. The growth of the enterprise is indicated in the fact that today the concern occupies more than one hundred and thirty times the original floor space, having erected a large brick building, containing on its four floors fifty-five thousand square feet, nearly every foot of which is utilized in the manufacture of tents, awnings, porch curtains, wagon covers, sheets, canvas hose, hammocks, flags, camp furniture, bags, cordage, umbrellas, waterproof clothing, and in fact everything that can be made out of canvas. At first its principal output was awnings for the merchants who in that day could afford the luxury but the gradual growth of the business has enabled the house to increase its output in the number of manufactured articles as well as in the extent of the shipments. The plant is equipped with the most modern facilities for the manufacture of its various products and for the comfort and health of its one hundred and ten employes. The basement is used for the machinery and wood and iron work, the first floor for the office, salesroom, and packing and shipping rooms, the second and third floors are used as stock rooms, and the fourth floor is the factory with its fifteen thousand square feet of space. It is said that this factory is unequalled in the city for ligh, air and general sanitary conditions. The large window and skylight surfaces furnish light for every inch of space. The automatic sprinkler system is perfect so that the danger from fire is practically annihilated. The latest improved machinery has been installed and chutes from the factory deliver goods in a second down three stories, while speaking tubes connect all departments. Moreover, this factory is similar to the National Cash Register and other model factories of the country in the care which it gives for the comfort of its employes. It is the only factory in the city which provides a large lunch room for the help. This firm ships goods all over the Pacific coast and some of their lines find a ready market in New York, Mexico and even Russia, and the water bags and horse blankets are sold extensively in South Africa.

Mr. Hirsch is also president of the Adam Appel Water Bag Company, occupying a part of the building with the Willamette Tent & Awning Company. Under his management the business is thoroughly systematized so that there is a minimum expenditure of time, labor and material yet without sacrifice to results in manufacture or to the comfort of employes. He is secretary of the Portland Tent & Awning Company and is president of the Stark Street Improvement Association. At present he is erecting a new hotel to be known as the Clark Hotel at the corner of Tenth and Stark streets and is also interested in several tracts on the east side.

Mr. Hirsch was married to Miss Clementine Seller, a daughter of Henry Seller, who came to Portland during the early development of the city, and they now have one son, Harold. Mr. Hirsch has never felt any regret over the fact that he left his native land at the age of fourteen years, for he here found conditions which seemed to him attractive and in the business world he found that labor is unhampered by caste or class. Through the steps of an orderly progression he has advanced to his present enviable position as a merchant and manufacturer of his adopted city. He is a director of Temple Beth Israel and his wife is president of the Council of Jewish Women and secretary of the Women's Union, taking an active interest in the new Neighborhood House.

Herbert W. Cardwell. M. D.

The name of Dr. Herbert W. Cardwell appears upon the roll of Portland's prominent citizens for he attained a high rank in his profession and, moreover, made for himself a creditable military record in connection with the Spanish- American war. A native of this city, he was born on the 23d of December, 1867, and spent the greater part of his life here. Passing through the consecutive grades in the public schools, he was at length graduated from the Portland high school, after which he began the preparation for the practice of medicine as a student in Oregon Medical College. He afterward did post-graduate work in the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York and had the benefit of two years' broad and practical experience in the Seney Hospital of that city. Throughout his active connection with the profession, he manifested the keenest discernment both in determining the cause of disease and its possible outcome. His ability was widely recognized by his professional brethren and secured him a liberal patronage from the general public. His diagnosis was always careful and comprehensive and his thorough understanding of the science of medicine enabled him to utilize at all times those remedial agencies which were of great service under prevailing conditions.

It was in 1891 that Dr. Cardwell was united in marriage to Miss Helen W. Winslow, of New Bedford, Massachusetts. They became the parents of two sons, Oliver Byron and Fowler Hathaway, aged respectively seventeen and sixteen years. Dr. Cardwell was devoted to the welfare and happiness of his family and found his greatest pleasure in ministering thereto.

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Always an enthusiast in military affairs, he was for a long time prominently identified with the Oregon National Guard and was a veteran of the Spanish- American war, in which he attained due honor. While connected with the National Guard, he served as surgeon general on the staff' of Governor Lord with the rank of colonel. After the outbreak of hostilities with the Castilian kingdom, Dr. Cardwell, upon the organization of the Second Oregon Regiment, was appointed assistant surgeon with the rank of captain and with the troops proceeded to the Philippines. Soon after the arrival in Manila the ability and worth of Captain Cardwell were recognized by the commanding general and he was appointed to the rank of major of volunteers and attached to the staff of General Anderson as chief surgeon of volunteers. The work performed by Major Cardwell in that capacity and its value in the restoration of health among the soldiers is best described in a recommendation contained in a report of Major General H. W. Lawton to the war department, which reads : 'Tn addition to the professional zeal and executive ability always shown by Major Herbert W. Cardwell, chief surgeon of the division, his cheerful willingness to be of use in whatever capacity, should be recognized. This ability frequently brought him under fire, notably at the first battle of San Rafael." The members of the Second Oregon also paid a high tribute to his characteristics. It is said that in Manila he was every man's friend and his interest in the sick and the health of the troops was prompted by feelings other than the mere responsibility of his position. It is known that broad humanitarianism ever constituted one of the strong elements in his professional success and that he performed every duty with a sense of conscientious obligation, knowing that a physician in a large measure holds life in his hands. He, therefore, never neglected a patient and not only by the ministration of valued remedies but also by his cheerful presence and encouraging words did he assist those in his charge back to health and strength. Following the war, Dr. Cardwell returned to Portland and resumed the private practice of medicine. His personal qualities won him the high regard of all and caused his death to be most widely regretted when, on the 3d of April, 1905, he passed away after an illness of only about ten days. Many who knew him and were glad to call him friend did not learn of his indisposition and were, therefore, greatly shocked to know of his passing. While a man's work may be taken up by others and carried forward successfully, the individual characteristics, that which differentiates one life from the lives of all others, are not to be found in similar combination in any one else. The place, therefore, is never filled to one's friends, and it will be long before the memory of Dr. Cardwell ceases to be an active factor in the lives of those with whom he was associated either professionally or through the ties of friendship.

George P. Leithoff

George P. Leithoff, manager for the Gambrinus Brewing Company, of Portland, was bom in Germany, November 28, 1851, and was there reared and educated to the age of fifteen years. On the anniversary of his birth he left home and sailed on a Norwegian schooner bound for New Orleans, from which point the vessel returned to Havre, France, and thence went to New York. He left the ship in the latter port on the 4th of July, 1873, and from that time to the present has declared the United States his home. However, he sailed for eleven months on an American schooner from New York to Spain and on his return to the American metropolis, sailed to Portugal and afterward to the West Indies, returning finally to New York. Later he shipped on the James Foster, Jr., for a trip around the Horn to San Francisco, the voyage requiring one hundred and ninety-two days. For two years he continued to sail on the Pacific and in 1876 went to Alaska. Through the succeeding two years he sailed in northern

Asiatic waters and after leaving the sea followed fishing on the Columbia River for a time. He next entered the service of the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company, being. thus employed until 1885, when he accepted a position with the Gambrinus Brewing Company of Portland, as driver.^ Gradually he has worked his way upward and in the quarter of a century which has since elapsed he has become manager of the business at this point and also one of the

Mr. Leithoff is a member of the Improved Order of Red Men, Knights of Pythias and the German Aid Society. His life history, if written in detail, would present many a chapter more interesting and thrilling than any tale of fiction, for he has sailed to many parts of the world and gained thereby a comprehensive knowledge of the different countries and their peoples. He prefers America, however, as a place of residence and is as loyal to her interests as any native bom son.

Captain James P. Shaw

Portland and the Pacific coast country has known Captain James P. Shaw as a railroad builder, merchant and real-estate dealer. He is_ now, however, living retired at an attractive home near Milwaukie, his time being given to the supervision of his own property. Beyond these interests, however, he is widely known in connection with literary work and has an even more extensive acquaintance in military circles for his services as a soldier of the Civil war have been followed by active identification with the Oregon National Guard and with the Grand Army of the Republic.

Captain Shaw was born in Auglaize county, Ohio, on the i6th of September, 1844, a son of Beverly and Mary (Jacobs) Shaw, who were natives of Virginia and Pennsylvania respectively. His paternal ancestors were soldiers of the Revolutionary war from Virginia. His maternal grandfather, Daniel Jacobs, went with the Ohio troops to the front at the time of the Civil war and died in the service. Leaving Virginia, Beverly Shaw became one of the pioneer residents of Auglaize county, Ohio, where he reared his family. He was somewhat prominent in local affairs and served as the first constable of Wapakoneta, Ohio. His son, Daniel, was also numbered among the boys in blue, enlisting at the first call for troops as a member of Company K, Fifteenth Ohio Infantry, and for the remainder of the war was a member of the Sixteenth Ohio Infantry.

Reared in his native county. Captain James P. Shaw remained a resident of that state until the dissension between the north and the south led to the inauguration of civil war. In regard to his military history the Soldiers and Sailors Historical and Benevolent Society have "compiled from official and authentic sources" the following: "This certifies that James P. Shaw enlisted from Auglaize county, Ohio, on the 19th day of April, 1861, to serve three months and was mustered into the United States service at Camp Dennison, Cincinnati, Ohio, as a private of Captain M. V. Layton's Company K, Fifteenth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry.

"This regiment was one of the first to respond to the president's call for seventy-five thousand volunteers for three months' service, and was organized at Camp Dennison, Ohio, May 4, 1861. From here the regiment moved to Camp Goddard, Zanesville, Ohio, where it camped for ten days, drilling and making active preparations for the field of action, and was then ordered to West Virginia, where it was engaged in guard and picket duty, being employed for a time guarding the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. The first battle, after firing upon Fort Sumter, was fought by the regiment to which Mr. Shaw belonged. The command performed a large amount of marching and guard duty and rendered valuable assistance to the government in assisting to stay the progress of the rebels who were endeavoring to carry the war into the north. Having served its term, the regiment returned to Cokmibus, Ohio, and was there discharged about August i, 1861. The command was actively engaged before Philippi, June 4, 1861 ; Laurel Hill, July 8, 1861 ; and Carrick's Ford, July 14,

"The said James P. Shaw received an honorable discharge at Columbus, Ohio, on the ist day of August, 1861, by reason of expiration of term of service. He reenlisted in Auglaize county, Ohio, on the i8th day of August, 1861, to serve three years or during the war, and was mustered into the United States service as a private of Captain Samuel R. Mott's Company C, Thirty-first Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Colonel Moses B. Walker commanding.

"This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, Ohio, between August 4 and September 7, 1861. On the 27th of September it moved to Cincinnati, where it was quartered at the Orphan Asylum. On the 31st it moved to 'Camp Dick Robinson,' Kentucky, a rendezvous for loyal men of Kentucky and east Tennessee. Here the regiment was thoroughly drilled until December 12, then moved to Somerset, Kentucky, thence on several reconnaissances. January 19, 1862, it marched to the assistance of General Thomas at Mills Springs, Kentucky, and participated in that battle. Here the regiment was assigned to the First Brigade, First Division, Army of the Ohio. From Somerset it marched to Louisville, Kentucky, from which place it embarked for Nashville, Tennessee, and after a short rest at the latter place it moved southward with Buell's army to the relief of Grant at Shiloh, Tennessee, in March, 1862. ' in the siege of Corinth, Mississippi, and after the evacuation it encamped near Corinth. June 22d it marched toward luka, Mississippi, thence to Tuscumbia, Alabama, arriving there on the 28th. The regiment was then divided into detachments and two companies were sent to Decatur and one corhpany to Trinity. July 19th the brigade marched for Huntsville, Alabama, thence to Decherd, Tennessee. The company at Trinity was attacked by a large force of mounted rebels and onehalf of the detachment was killed or wounded. From Decherd, the regiment advanced toward the mountains and was engaged in guarding passes and watching the enemy until the campaign of Buell and Bragg in Kentucky opened, when it moved to Decherd and with other troops was placed in charge of the transportation of the army. It marched to Nashville, Tennessess, thence to Louisville, Kentucky, and after a short rest moved southward in pursuit of Bragg. It was under fire at the battle of Perryville, Kentucky, but not actively engaged. It returned to Nashville, thence moved toward Murfreesboro, Tennessee, and was actively engaged during the battle of Stone River. It encamped at Murfreesboro until June 23, 1863, then started on the Tullahoma campaign. On the 26th it was engaged at Hoover's Gap, Tennessee, and with the Seventeenth Ohio carried a position defended by two rebel brigades. The advance continued through Tullahoma to Chattanooga. The regiment was engaged in the battle of Chickamauga, Georgia, September 19-20, 1863, and sufifered severely. Its next engagement was at Brown's Ferry, then followed Missionary Ridge, where the Thirtyfirst was among the foremost regiments to bear the loyal standard into the enemy's works. About this time the regiment reenlisted and went home on veteran furlough. It returned to the field and on May 7, 1864, it marched on the Atlanta campaign, taking part in engagements at Resaca, Dallas or New Hope Church, Dalton, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, siege of Atlanta. Lovejoy Station, Georgia, and a number of skirmishes. After the fall of Atlanta the regiment marched in pursuit of the rebels as far as Gaylesville, Alabama, then returned to Atlanta. It took part in Sherman's march to the sea, siege of Savannah, Georgia, and campaign of the Carolinas. After Johnson's surrender it marched to Washington, D. C, where it participated in the grand review. May 24, 1865, thence moved to Louisville, Kentucky, where it was mustered out on the 20th of July, 1865.

"The said James P. Shaw reenlisted as a veteran in the same company and regiment in December, 1863, to serve three years more or during the war. He was promoted to corporal of his company. He was wounded at Chickamauga, Georgia, by gunshot in left shoulder, the ball passing through the clavicle and lodging next to the lung, from which place it has since worked down to the lower part of the vertebrae, where it still remains. He was removed to field hospital, which fell into the hands of the enemy, thence to the 'Glenn House,' which also fell into the enemy's hands. From there, together with hundreds of other wounded, he was moved to Chattanooga, Tennessee, thence marched to Bridgeport, Alabama, and from there sent by rail to Cumberland Hospital at Nashville, Tennessee, from which place he was furloughed home for thirty days. At the expiration of his furlough he rejoined his regiment at Chattanooga, Tennessee, in time to reenlist as a veteran. At Kenesaw Mountain, Georgia, he was wounded by gunshot in left ankle, which slivered the bone but he refused to go to the hospital. While in charge of a foraging detail near Bentonville, North Carolina, two days before the battle at that place, he was wounded by saber cut in head, laying open the skin and chipping the skull bone, but he insisted on remaining with the regiment.

"He was with his respective commands during their entire services as outlined except while absent on account of wounds, and he bore a gallant and conspicuous part in all their engagements, except Missionary Ridge, Tennessee, (being prevented on account of wounds) and rendered faithful and meritorious service to his country. He received a medal of honor from the legislature of Ohio for brave and gallant service rendered in volunteer expeditions in the war.

Although the hardships of war were many there were at times amusing and interesting incidents which lightened the burdens of a soldier's life. One such appealed to the humorous side of Captain Shaw's nature. While in a reminiscent mood, he related the following: "During, and for some days prior to the numerous battles fought about Kenesaw Mountain, I was suffering with an aching tooth. The pain was so excruciatingly painful, that to get relief I sent for the surgeon to come and extract the offending member. The surgeon, a young man by the name of Dr. Chapin, who had but recently come down from the north, came on to the firing line, and, while the bullets were singing about our ears and knocking up the dust all about us, pulled the tooth. Showing him the aching tooth, he grabbed it with his forceps and with a vigorous pull, landed it. Without waiting to stanch the flowing blood, he threw the tooth on the ground and midst the flying bullets and cheers from the men, lost no time in getting out of there. I believe that I have the unique distinction of being the only man who ever had a tooth extracted in the midst of a raging battle."

At the close of the war Captain Shaw returned to Ohio. He was married in La Salle county. IlHnois, on the 3d of June, 1868. to Ella Bratton, and unto them were born two daughters : Mary R., now the wife of A. R. Innes, of Oregon ; and Florine E. The mother passed away on the 9th of October, 1887, and on the 9th of January, 1889, Captain Shaw wedded Emilie C. Dieker, at Covington, Kentucky.

Captain Shaw went to the south after the war and in the early '70s filled the position of postmaster at Fairmont, Tennessee. He went to California in 1874, where he was identified with railroad work until 1880, when he removed to Portland. He was connected with the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company Railroad, continuing his identification therewith for about five years. Recognizing the possibilities for conducting successful enterprises in other directions, he organized the Cleveland Oil & Paint Company, which established a plant in Portland at the corner of Fourth and Madison streets. Captain Shaw accepted the management of the business and continued therein until 1887, when he dis- posed of his interest. He afterward traveled to a considerable extent and later located at Oregon City, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits until 1892, when he returned to Portland, where he engaged in the real-estate business. In 1907 he removed to his present country home near Milwaukie, where he is now living retired save that he personally superintends his invested interests. He is also engaged to a considerable extent in literary work, being the author of a number of war and other stories as well as a magazine writer of some note. He was a contributory writer to the "West Shore," a magazine established in Portland in the early '80s by L. Samuels.

Captain Shaw has never failed to feel the deepest interest in military affairs and has been an active and prominent member of the National Guard of his adopted state, holding the rank of captain. He is a member of Lincoln-Garfield Post, No. 3, Department of Oregon, Grand Army of the Republic, and has filled all of the offices in the local organization. He served on the staff of Robert B. Beath, commander-in-chief of the Grand Army of the Republic, and of John S. Kountz, commander-in-chief, and in 1909 was elected department commander of the Department of Oregon Grand Army. He has a very wide reputation in military circles and stands as one whose soldierly qualities, embracing moral as well as physical valor, commend him to the honor and respect of all.

It has been said : "Not the good that comes to us but the good that comes to the world through us is the measure of our success." When viewed in this light the life of Dr. Justin Millard was a most successful one. He was continually giving of his energy, his sympathy and his professional skill for the benefit of his fellowmen, undeterred by the fact that many times he knew no financial remuneration could be expected. His name will be honored as long as memory remains to any who crossed the plains in 1852, and profited by the beneficent spirit of his ministry.