Portland, Oregon - Portland, Oregon, Its History and Builders : in Connection with the An (part 5 of 25)

After gaining all the learning the village school - in winter sessions only - - could pive him, while at the same time, from seven years up, working regularly on the paternal farm (he, at eight with a brother aged nine, planted, cultivated and harvested four hundred bushels of potatoes unaided, one summer), and teaching school to earn his way later, Mr. Parker left home to continue his education at Norwich University, Vermont. There was also a military school adjacent, at Dartmouth, at which he took a three years' course, in addition to his regular college studies. His father, though well-to-do, declining to provide for more than a district school education - which he considered sufficient - he and an elder brother worked their way through Norwich University, living on the very plainest fare, earning books, food, rent and clothing by sawing wood and literally "sleeping on a board" for three years, that being a part of the military training of those days. At the end of the course, there being no war in even remote prospect, Mr. Parker decided not to continue in the military profession, and as he was tendered an excellent position as a civil engineer (a branch in which he excelled) in the copper mines of Lake Superior, he accepted it, and spent the two following years in Northern Michigan, where, according to his record (and he was an expert accountant), thirty-six feet of snow fell in one winter. Of course, it did not all lie on the ground at one time, but he kept the record on the trunk of a tree, as it alternately melted or fell. Returning to New England in 1846 the western fever seized him, and at the age of twentyfour years, he engaged passage at New York on the "Panama," the first steamer that ever went from the Atlantic side around Cape Horn to the Pacific Coast, arriving in San Francisco in October, 1848, the same month of the same year in v/hich his then unknown future wife arrived in Oregon.

On landing at San Francisco, then but a village of tents on a sandy beach, though there were already five thousand inhabitants - all having arrived since the discovery of gold in California but two months previous - he rolled out of the hold of the steamship his only possession in the world (beside a small trunk of clothing), a half barrel of hardware, consisting of knives, saws, hammers, shovels, axes, frying pans and like useful articles in a new country, in which, with true Yankee foresight, he had invested his last fifty dollars, after securing his steamer ticket. (By the way, the "Panama" had but two passengers booked when she left New York, but after she rounded the Horn, men crowded aboard all the way up the coast, having just heard of the gold discovery, till she was crowded almost to suffocation on reaching San Francisco.) These articles of hardware Mr. Parker "auctioned" off on the beach, realizing from the sale over six hundred dollars.

With this capital he engaged in hotel keeping; his first hotel being all of cloth excepting the necessary wooden corner supports. Men thronged from all quarters to the mines, and his business (for so small a capital) was immense. He paid his cook six hundred dollars per month, and his baker four hundred dollars. "Saleratus" was sixteen dollars per pound, and other foods correspondingly high, yet in one year he had cleared twenty thousand dollars. This he put into a better hotel, and soon after lost it all in one night by fire, save one thousand dollars in the bank. Mr. Parker was one of that famous "vigilance" committee, organized by the law-abiding citizens, in the absence of legally authorized courts, to deal with criminals and stamp out crime, which was becoming rampant. After a few murderous thieves and thugs were summarily strung up to the lamp post nearest the locality of the crimes by this committee, law, order and comparative safety were restored. He was also later a member of the first common council of San Francisco, under Mayor Selby.

And now, at the age of twenty-eight, Mr. Parker sailed on a coasting vessel for Astoria to engage in the lumber business. Here he cast in his lot, and remained, indentifying himself with, and laboring for, the best interests of his chosen home city up to his death, forty-seven years later. He was always public spirited, giving much time and thought to the welfare of his city, state and indeed that of his whole country. He was active in establishing and supporting schools, libraries, churches and all movements for the public benefit. He served as a member of the Oregon legislature, as mayor and postmaster of Astoria, and was twelve years deputy collector at that post; serving so ably in that capacity that after holding the position four years under the collector who first appointed him, he was retained eight more years by the two succeeding collectors.

He was mainly instrumental in securing the splendid system of waterworks of which Astoria is so justly proud, and his name is carved on the stone building at the entrance of the great city reservoir, in recognition by his fellow citizens of his long, arduous and gratuitous efforts on this behalf. He was married in July, 1863, to Inez E. Adams, daughter of Hon. W. L. Adams, then collector of customs at Astoria. No children were born of this union, but their adopted daughter Harriet Stafford (nee Burning) has been to them all an own child could possibly be.

Mr. Parker was a stanch believer in equal rights, and he put these views in full practice in his home, thus showing himself possessed, of, at least one fine attribute of the ideal husband.

He was even tempered and genial in his home, as well as pubHc life ; was also temperate and pure in his daily life, using neither tobacco nor intoxicants, and even avoiding all highly seasoned foods.

Though not a citizen of Portland, he fully recognized her commercial importance and foresaw her great future, sometimes remarking that he had missed it in not settling there on his first arrival in Oregon. The older Portland pioneers and prominent citizens of the city were his personal friends, and he took great pride in her development, considering himself a citizen of the whole state, the interests of which he helped so materially to upbuild.

John Mair

John Mair, now living retired in Portland, was born in Montreal, Canada, July 16, 1843. His parents were Alexander and Elizabeth (Levitt) Mair, the former of Scotch descent and the latter of English lineage. The father was a machinist and followed that pursuit in Canada until his death. His wife also died in that country.

John Mair attended school at Kingston, Ontario, and later had the benefit of instruction in Queens College and also in a boarding school. His first work was on a farm and thus he was employed for one year. He then began learning the machinist's trade in Kingston in a shop devoted to the repair of ship machinery. He served an apprenticeship of four and a half years, during which period he gained comprehensive and expert knowledge of the business, possessing considerable natural ability in that direction. He afterward went to New York city where he worked for six years, and at the end of that time established himself on the Pacific coast, going first to San Francisco, where he remained for about six months. He obtained a position in a shop there but a strike occurred and he then went up into the Redwoods, securing a position to operate a sawmill. He remained, however, for only a brief period and in November, 1869, came to Portland, where he had relatives living. Here he secured work independently when he and several of the Honeyman family leased the Snyder foundry, which they operated for a short time, but they did not find this a paying investment, as there was not much work of this character to be done in Portland at that day. Mr. Mair then secured a position as machinist in the

Oregon Iron Works, being connected with that company until 1873, when he went to the Willamette Iron Works where his ability won him promotion to the position of foreman, after he had been associated with the company for only six months. A few years later he was promoted to the superintendency and was thus in actual charge of the practical workings of the plant until he resigned about 190 1. Since that time he has largely lived retired, although he has worked to a limited extent at his trade and inspected lumber for the government for a few years.

On the 31st of December, 1877, Mr. Mair was united in marriage to Miss Harriet L. Gates, a daughter of John Gates, who is mentioned elsewhere in this volume. They became parents of two children : George, who married Cora Frankhn, and is living in Portland; and Edith, at home. Mr. Mair resided on Eleventh between Jefferson and Columbia streets for about thirty-two years, but in November, 1909, erected a fine residence on East Couch street, where he now makes his home.

He belongs to Samaritan Lodge, No. 2, I. O. O. F., and his high standing among the brothers of the fraternity and the warm regard entertained for him is indicated by the fact that they have elected him to fill all of the different chairs in the order. He may truly be called a self-made man. His has been an active life, marked by steady advancement from the day when he began to earn his livelihood as a farm hand. He has never depended upon speculation, influence or outside aid to secure him promotion, but has placed his dependence upon earnest effort and in America, where "labor is king," has made substantial progress through his industry and determination, being now in a financial position that enables him to live retired.

Owen Mulligan

Owen Mulligan, eighty-three years of age, is living retired. In the sunset period of life there has come to him opportunity for rest from labor, which so largely occupied his time through many years of his life. It is fitting that his long period of industry should be crowned with repose and that the regard and esteem of his fellowmen should be freely given him, for his record has at all times been an honorable and upright one. He was born in Ireland on the 8th of November, 1827, and there remained through the first nineteen years of his life, acquiring his education in the public schools and receiving also practical training that resulted in habits of industry, perseverance and determination. Pie then came to America and for four years was a resident of Boston, during which time he was employed as a gardener. In 1854 he arrived in California, making his way to the mines of Tuolumne county, where he remained for five years. On the expiration of that period he went to San Francisco, where he worked for six years and in 1868 came to Vancouver, since which time he has been identified with the agricultural development of this section of the country. He first purchased three hundred and twenty acres of land on the Fourth Plain road about three and a half miles from Vancouver, after which he began clearing the place, fencing the fields and adding modern improvements and equipments. The tract was known as the old Hudson Bay farm and he continued its cultivation until 1885, when he purchased two hundred and forty acres of bottom land near the Columbia river. He afterward bought another tract of two hundred and eleven acres near Vancouver but occupied the river farm until 1904. He sold twenty acres of the ranch on the Fourth Plain road and gave the remainder to his son, Thomas Mulligan, who now owns and cultivates it. Mr. Mulligan rents his river ranch and the one near Vancouver, also another that he owns on Vancouver Lake, comprising two hundred and seventy-three acres. The last is operated by his son Hugh. The father is living retired and his rest is certainly well merited, for his has been an active and useful life. When determination, perseverance and industry are arrayed against obstacles, poverty and trials the result is almost absolutely certain, for the former qualities are invincible - they know no defeat. It has been through the possession of those qualities that Mr. Mulligan has worked his way upward, reaching a position of creditable affluence.

In 1864 Mr. MulHgan was united in marriage to Miss Susan Daugherty, a native of Ireland, who was then residing in San Francisco. They have become the parents of seven children, of whom six are now living, namely : Thomas, Hugh and Owen, Jr., all of whom are residents of Vancouver; Susan, living in Portland; Nellie, the wife of a Mr. McGee, of Tacoma, Washington; and Joseph, who makes his home in Vancouver.

Mr. Mulligan is a member of the Catholic church. He lives with his son at No. 814 Columbia street in Vancouver and he also owns considerable other property in the town, including two business blocks and fourteen residences, which he rents. He is a stockholder in the United States National Bank of Vancouver. That he is a man of excellent business ability and sound judgment is shov/n in the judicious investments which he has made as the years have gone by, becoming thus the owner of extensive realty holdings, including both city and farm property. He has never had occasion to regret his determination to come to America, for he has here found the opportunities which he sought and which are always open to ambitious, determined young men. His life may well serve as a source of inspiration and an example to others who are forced to start out as he did - empty handed.

Wilhelm E. Noa

Wilhelm E. Noa is the owner of an excellent property of seventy-four acres near Vancouver and has established a good reputation as an orchardist as well as a general farmer and mechanic. He was born in Helford, Germany, in 1858 and spent his youthful days there. In early Hfe he learned the blacksmith's trade and worked in shops in that locality. He afterward followed the sea for six years, during which period he visited all parts of the world, gaining a comprehensive knowledge of different lands and their peoples. As he thus went from place to place he heard much concerning America and its opportunities and this led him to determine to try his fortune in the United States, where he arrived in 1881. He located first near Toledo, Ohio, where he worked upon a farm for a year, after which he made his way to Nebraska, where his father was living. He spent two years in that state and subsequently went to Colorado, where he engaged in mining and also followed tool sharpening for three years.

The expiration of that period saw his arrival in Portland, where he worked at his trade for two months, after which he came to Clarke county, where he has since lived. He expected to obtain work in a quarry as a tool sharpener but not finding employment in that line, he turned his attention to farming and in 1892 purchased fourteen acres of land from Joseph Cordes. This he cleared, built his home thereon and has since continued the cultivation of the fields. He also purchased, with Robert Livingstone, of Portland, about sixty acres adjoining his original tract. He now has twenty acres planted to orchards and twenty acres in grain, while the remainder is covered with timber. He has also conducted a blacksmith shop since locating on this place and still works at his trade in the shop which he has built here. He helped set out most of the orchards in this vicinity and his labors have thereby been a factor in the substantial development and material improvement of this section.

In 1887 Mr. Noa was united in marriage to Miss Otille Bayor, a native of Germany, and they now have one child, Martha, the wife of Elmer Bennet, of

Vancouver. Mr. Noa belongs to the United Artisans at Fisher's Landing. He has compartively Httle time for fraternal and social interests, however, for his attention is demanded by his agricultural and horticultural interests and his close application and careful management are making his farm profitable.

Louis Jaggar

Louis Jaggar, deceased, was a representative of one of the old and prominent pioneer families of the Willamette valley. He was born at New Brighton, Pennsylvania, December 22, 1852, a son of Benjamin and Anna W. (Rigley) Jaggar, of whom mention is made elsewhere in this work. The father died in 1905 but the mother is still living at the age of seventy-nine years, her home being in Oregon City.

Louis Jaggar was the eldest of four children and was less than a year old when his parents removed to Bentonsport, Iowa. He was a lad of seven years when the family home was established at Liberty, Missouri, and there he pursued his education through a period of six years. In 1865 the family returned to the east and he continued his education in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for about a year, when he accompanied his parents to New Lisbon, Ohio. He was a young man of about twenty years at the time the family came to Oregon and took up their abode upon a farm six miles east of Oregon City, which the father secured. He earned his first wages by driving a delivery wagon for a store and later on worked on a truck farrh, his father owning a small tract of land. Subsequently he took up the study of bookkeeping, and after the emigration to the northwest he entered the employ of Jacob Brothers, proprietors of a large woolen factory at Oregon City. Afterward his father purchased a business block in Oregon City and Louis Jaggar there opened a grocery store, which he conducted successfully until about 1883, when he came to Portland. He continued a resident of the Rose City until his death, and for a few years after his arrival here was employed as bookkeeper by Henry Everding. Ambitious to engage in business on his own account, he opened a commission house on Front street and continued in that line up to the time of his demise, becoming one of the successful, enterprising and progressive commission merchants of the city.

On the 22d of March, 1879, in Oregon City, Mr. Jaggar was united in marriage to Miss Mary E. Howell, who was born near Oregon City and is a daughter of Joseph and Mary Virginia Howell, who were pioneer settlers of this state. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Jaggar were born six children : Benjamin J., now of Portland; Samuel who married Minnie Newberg and has one child, Erving; Myrtle the wife of C. R. Fones and the mother of one son, Robert ; Bessie the wife of Elmer Maxin and the mother of one daughter, Lucille ; Henry, at home ; and Mary E., deceased. The family residence is at No. 574 East Couch street in Portland. The death of the husband and father occurred July 11, 1910, and in his demise Portland lost a representative business man and loyal citizen, his associates a faithful friend and his family a devoted husband and father.

Rev. Thomas M. Ramsdell

Rev. Thomas M. Ramsdell, who for long years was connected with the active work of the Methodist ministry but is now living retired in Portland, came to Oregon in 1844 arid in 1848 took his place among those whose public utterances were factors in the moral development and progress of the northwest. He was born in Rutland. Vermont, October 17, 182 1, a son of Thomas Manley and Cynthia (Crary) Ramsdell, both of whom were of Scotch descent. The father was a carpenter by trade and served as colonel of one of the regiments which advocated the revolutionary cause of the Canadian government in 1838-9. Both he and his wife died in the east at an advanced age. They were representatives of old American families and it was the father's belief in political liberty that prompted him to aid the Canadians in their attempt to secure independence.

Thomas M. Ramsdell is the eldest of four children and the only one now living. He pursued his education in the schools of Potsdam, New York, and when about fourteen years of age went to Ohio with his grandparents. He afterward became a student in the Granville College, a Baptist institution of that place, but his health failed before his class was graduated and, hoping to benefit by the climate, he went to Missouri. For a year he remained in that state but did not like the location and therefore joined a company starting for Oregon in 1844. He made the long journey across the plains with ox teams, being with the first train to leave St. Joe, Missouri, in the spring of that year. The train consisted of one hundred and fifty wagons, and while en route they did not see a white settlement until they arrived in the Willamette valley. It required between six and seven months to make the trip and they had a little trouble with the Indians, but this was scarcely more than a momentary annoyance. Mr. Ramsdell and three companions made their way down the Columbia river valley, driving cattle while others of the party proceeded down by boat. They then went to the Tualitin plains where Jacob Hoover, one of Mr. Ramsdell's companions, settled. From that point Mr. Ramsdell proceeded to French prairie, where he spent the winter, and during that time built a barn for Mr. Lavie, this being the first "Yankee" barn in Oregon. He afterward proceeded to the Methodist mission at Salem, Oregon, and while there joined the first military organization on the Pacific coast, called the Oregon Rangers. With that command he participated in an engagement with the Indians six miles south of Salem at what is now known as Battle Creek. His company was broken up during the Cayuse war of 1847-48, Captain Bennett being killed in battle. Mr. Ramsdell did not participate in that engagement, however, for he had just been married and was absent from the company. Later he was elected justice of the peace on the Santiam river near Jeflferson, being the democratic candidate for the position, which he held for about two years. He next settled near Jefferson, and in 1848 was nominated for the legislature, but as he desired to enter the ministry he declined the candidacy. In 1849 he went to California during the gold excitement and followed mining for about six months, after which he speculated in town property at Santa Clara, where he was located in 1850.

In that year Mr. Ramsdell returned to Oregon and again established his home at Jefferson, entering a tract of land across the river. About 1854 he removed to Salem, where he engaged in preaching, but soon afterward was sent to the west side of the Willamette valley to a settlement called Gillem. It was a part of the circuit near Dallas, and at that point Mr. Ramsdell remained until 1862. He then went east of the mountains to work at the carpenter's trade, being employed as boss carpenter by the Oregon Steam Navigation Company until 1866. In that year he located at Yaquina, where he followed carpentering and also engaged in preaching, for the settlement was too small to pay the salary of a minister for the full time. He continued to preach until about 1883, during which time he labored in behalf of the church in different localities, but always in the vicinity of Jefferson. He then retired from the active work of the ministry. In 1894 his wife died and he has since made his home with his children.

It was on the 28th of July, 1847, that Mr. Ramsdell was married to Miss Lorella Colwell, who was born in Botetourt county, Virginia, October 16, 1829, and passed away on the 21st of October, 1894, her grave being made in the Jefferson cemetery. In their family were twelve children. Mary E. became the wife of Cyrus Dixon, of Corvallis, Oregon, and they have two children: Cyrus, who married Laura Colwell ; and Lulu, the wife of Frank Knight, by whom she has two children, Herbert and Edna. David Ramsdell, the second member of the family, now living in Elk City, Oregon, married Clarinda Kibbey, and they have six children : Clarence, of Portland, who married Maggie Hoffman and has two sons, Roy and George ; Mrs. Aurelia King, who has one son ; John, who married Vernie Parks and has one child; Audrey ; Arthur and Frank. Margaret, the third member of the family, became the wife of Cyrus E. Carr and died, leaving four children: Mrs. Lillie Crutchfield, who has three children, Vera, Mamie and Josephine; Myrtle, who is the wife of Robert Burch and has five children - Clara, Lois, Margaret, Jamie and Roberta; Mrs. Gertrude VanVoris ; and Benjamin. Adelia married Nort Michael, now deceased. By a former marriage she had four children: Manley, who is married and has one child; Mrs. Maggie Spilman, who has five children; Mrs. Maud Weist, who has three children; and ColHns, who is married and has one child. Lillie became the wife of Samuel King, of Corvallis, Oregon, and died, leaving two children : Lazzarus, who married Ella Le Sieur and has one child, Ester ; and Mrs. Martha Francisco. Thomas M., the sixth member of the Ramsdell family, now a resident of Corvallis, married Malinda Eddleman and has eleven children: Fred, who married Bertha Bell and has one child; Mrs. Effie Norton, who has three children; Thomas M., who is married; Mrs. Lorilla Whitlatch, who has one child ; Guy, who is married ; Winnef red ; and others whose names are not known. Callohill, of Dallas, married Melvina King and has five children : Sebert ; Lawrence, who is married and has one child ; Claud ; Edith ; and Myrtle. Anna, the eighth member of the family of Mr. Ramsdell, is the wife of Sivert Anderson, of Portland. John, of Portland, married Ida Stevenson, and has six children, Ona, Tera, LilHan, Allegra, Andrew and Robert. Fannie, who married William Tatum, died, leaving one child, Aileen. Ona married Guy Phelps and died, leaving a daughter, Naomi. The other member of the family, Agnes, died at the age of three years.

Mr. Ramsdell is a member of Camp No. 2, Indian War Veterans, is the only living member of the first military company of Oregon, and is an active member of the Pioneer Society. He is a well preserved man and although he has reached the age of eighty-nine years, looks twenty years younger. Events of Oregon's history which are to others matters of record are to him matters of personal knowledge or experience. Few there are who can claim residence in the state covering a period of sixty-six years. Throughout two-thirds of a century, however, Mr. Ramsdell has lived in this part of the country and his memory is a connecting link between the primitive past with all of its hardships and trials, and the progressive present with its advantages of a modern and advanced civilization.

The name of Rosenblatt has long figured in connection with the clothing trade of Portland, where it has become recognized as a synonym for progressive methods and reliability in all trade transactions. As senior partner of this enterprise Samuel Rosenblatt has formulated and executed many valuable plans for the extension of the trade, and with ready adaptability has recognized and improved every opportunity that has been presented. His record is a credit to Portland, the city of his nativity, his birth having here occurred in 1865. His parents were Meyer and Lena (Stepbacher) Rosenblatt, who were numbered among the early settlers of Oregon. The father engaged in general merchandising in Eugene in pioneer times, continuing his residence there until 1872, when Tie came to Portland and established a clothing business on Front street. The new enterprise prospered from the beginning, and as his trade brought to him financial returns he found it possible to purchase a building of his own at No. 147 Front street, between Morrison and Alden. He removed his business thereto and continued active in its engagement until 1886, when he retired from business life to enjoy a well earned rest. He passed away in Portland, in 1887, and his wife was called to her final home ten years later.

The two sons, Samuel and Louis Rosenblatt, are now partners in the clothing business which is conducted under the firm style of Samuel Rosenblatt & Company. The former was born in Portland in 1865 and the latter in Eugene, Oregon, in 1869. They were both reared in this city, however, and were pupils in the public schools. They have been connected with the clothing trade throughout the entire period of their association with business affairs. The present house was established at No. 249 First street by Samuel Rosenblatt, the senior partner of the firm. He was joined almost immediately by his brother, Louis Rosenblatt, and they have since been associated in the conduct of the business. They remained on First street for ten years, and removed to their present location in March, 1898. They are part owners of the Silverfield building at the corner of Fourth and Morrison streets, and have become recognized as leading clothing merchants, not only of this city but of the northwest. Thoroughly familiar with every phase of the trade, they keep in touch with not only the best line of manufactured goods, but also the latest styles and are thus able to supply their patrons with all that is most modern and attractive in the line of men's wearing apparel.

Samuel Rosenblatt was married in February, 1894, to Miss Ida Hofifheimer, and unto them have been born two children. Louis Rosenblatt was joined in wedlock to Miss Sarah Marx, and they have one child. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias fraternity and of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and Samuel Rosenblatt is a charter member of the Woodmen of the World. Both are interested in matters relative to the city's welfare and upbuilding, but have never been active in the field of public life, preferring to concentrate their energies upon commercial pursuits, knowing that in this age of close competition the most successful man is he who gives undivided attention to his business affairs. Both brothers are energetic and determined and are constantly seeking out new methods for the promotion of their business, which has long since been recognized as one of the leading clothing houses of the city.

Mrs. Ellen C. Darr

Mrs. Ellen C. Darr has been a resident of Portland for forty-eight years. She was born in Laporte county, Indiana, January 18, 1836, a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Bailey) Leabo. The mother, who was born and reared in Kentucky, died in 1852. The father was a native of Virginia, born September 18, 1795, but his youthful days were spent in Kentucky and he was married in Indiana. He was a carpenter and farmer, devoting his life, as wisdom seemed to dictate, to those two pursuits. He came to Oregon in 1847 with "old Father Mitchell" over the plains and took part in the Cayuse Indian war. Again he m-ade the journey over the plains on a return trip to Iowa with Meek and Everett, after a brief period spent on the coast but in 1852 again went to California, where he engaged in mining gold. He was accompanied by his son, who died in the mining regions, after which the father went back to Iowa in 1853. The work of progress had been carried on in a marked degree ere he returned in 1862, at which time he was accompanied by his daughter, Mrs. Darr, and her husband. This time he became a permanent resident of the Pacific coast country, remaining here until his death, which occurred at McMinnville, Oregon, in 1880. Few men could speak with more authority concerning travel across the plains, for he made five trips ere the building of railroads to the coast and knew all of the experiences of the long" and wearisome journeys, when plodding oxen drew the heavily laden wagons over roads that were little more than a trail. He was the father of ten children but only two are now living, Mrs. Darr and her brother, Augustus C, who is located at Ritzville, Washington.

Mrs. Darr attended school in Linn county, Iowa, and lived at home until she was married at the age of seventeen years to Hiram L. Darr, the wedding being celebrated at Rock Island, IlHnois, on the 20th of January, 1853. They began housekeeping in Linn county and there resided until i860, when they removed to Fremont county, Iowa, where they remained until 1862. In that year they started across the plains to Oregon, leaving their old home on the 19th of May and reaching Portland on the 30th of September. They were then parents of three children, who accompanied them on the trip. Mrs. Darr walked all the way across the plains until they reached The Dalles, doing this because the roads were so rough and the teams were compelled to go so slowly that she preferred to walk rather than to ride in the jolting wagon save when crossing a stream. On reaching Oregon the family spent the first winter about six miles south of Portland and then removed to the city, living on Hall at the corner of Fourth street.

Mr. Darr was a locksmith by trade and had a shop on Washington street between Third and Fourth. Wisely investing in land, he accumulated considerable property, having real estate to the value of over two hundred and fifty thousand dollars before he died. His mind, however, failed him and because of this he lost much of his property. He was born at Darrtown, Butler county, Ohio, July 9, 1 83 1, and was a son of Abraham F. and Eliza (Couch) Darr. He attended school at Darrtown, which was named in honor of his grandfather. In his younger days he followed farming but learned the locksmith's trade after coming to the northwest. He belonged to the Masonic fraternity and gave his political support to the republican party. He died March 28, 1894, leaving six children who reached mature years, while others died in infancy. Those who lived to adult age are : Alice, the wife of William E. Beauchamp, of Washington, and the mother of two children - Bessie, the wife of W. W. Johnson, by whom she has three children, Eleanor A., Robert W. and Wanda, and Mrs. Eva Payette, who has one child, Edward ; William, living in Portland ; Hena, of California; Emma H., who became the wife of George Taylor, but both are now deceased, their surviving children being George K. and Irene ; Edward L., of California, who married Miss Cooper ; and Oakley, who has departed this life.

For seventeen years Mrs. Darr has resided on the east side of Portland and she holds membership in the Methodist church of Sunnyside. For fortyeight years she has resided upon the Pacific coast and can relate many interesting incidents of the early days when Oregon was in its formative period.

Thomas Mulligan

Thomas Mulligan has always resided upon the Pacific coast and the spirit of marked enterprise and development which has ever characterized this region has been manifest in his life from early youth. He was born in San Francisco, California, in 1865, but was only three years of age when his father's family removed to Clarke county, Washington, so that he was here reared and educated, pursuing his studies in the public schools. The family lived upon a ranch and Thornas Mulligan early became familiar with the arduous task of clearing, developing and improving the property, assisting his father until he started out in life on his own account. In 1889, when twenty-four years of age, he began farming independently upon his father's old place on the Fourth Plain road and has since given his time and energies to its further cultivation and improve- ment. The ranch originally contained four hundred and twenty acres but a few small tracts have been sold and it now comprises three hundred and seventyfive acres. Mr. Mulligan also has one hundred and sixty acres near Proebstel, which he leases. The home property, which was given him by his father, is splendidly developed, for his methods are practical, progressive and resultant. He has made a close study of the best way of keeping the soil in good condition, and in raising such farm products as are best adapted to the climate he has made his farm a source of gratifying profit.

Mr. Mulligan was married in 1889 to Miss Margaret McDonald, of Vancouver, and they now have two daughters, May and Susan, the former the wife of Michael Geoghan. Both Mr. and Mrs. Mulligan are well known in the southern part of the county and have an extensive circle of warm friends. Mr. Mulligan has lived continuously in this section for forty-two years and has therefore witnessed much of its development.

Richard H. Avann

For a considerable period after the tide of emigration was turning toward the northwest comparatively little was done along agricultural and horticultural lines. This was due largely to the fact that much of the land was covered with a dense forest, giving ample opportunity for the development of the lumber industry and precluding the possibility of cultivating the soil. In recent years, however, attention has been concentrated to a greater and greater degree upon the possibilities of raising grain and fruit in this section and among the number who are thus successfully engaged is Richard H. Avann, well known in this connection in Clarke county. He was born in Brecksville, Ohio, December 10, 1858, and was reared to farm life, his attention in youth being divided between the duties of the schoolroom, the pleasures of the playground and the work of the fields. When he had put aside his text-books his time was given entirely to assisting his father on the farm until the fall of 1877. In September, before he attained the age of twenty years, he made his way to the northwest, settling in Clarke county, where he was employed in different ways until 1884, when he began dealing in wood in Portland. There he remained for eight years, after which he returned to Clarke county and engaged in farming and in the wood business, contracting to supply wood on an extensive scale. He afterward purchased eighty acres of land on the Orchard road, three miles from Vancouver, and cultivated it in addition to his other farm. He had cleared altogether one hundred and fifty-five acres of land when he sold out. He also drained fifty-five acres by ditching and tiling and placed all of the improvements upon his property, including the planting of a fourteen-acre orchard of prunes and apples. He put all the fences and the buildings upon his farm and its excellent and attractive appearance indicated his extremely active and useful life. In 1900 he purchased one hundred acres adjoining his original property but on the opposite side of the Orchard road. This he also cleared and improved and continued its cultivation until September, 1909, when he sold to the Vancouver Realty Association, which has subdivided it and made it an addition to Vancouver, situated on the Vancouver & Orchard Electric Line.

In 1880, Mr. Avann was married to Miss Mary J. Jamison, of Vancouver, a native of Independence, Ohio, and a daughter of Hamilton Jamison of that city. Their marriage has been blessed with two children, Frances A. and Jessie J. The former is the wife of W. W. Turney, of Cleveland, Ohio, where they reside, and the younger daughter is yet at home.

Mr. Avann belongs to the Odd Fellows lodge at Vancouver and also to Harmony Lodge, A. O. U. W. He is loyal to the teachings of these organizations and enjoys the social relations afforded there. His has been a well spent life and in business affairs he has displayed keen discernment and unfaltering energy, bringing him at last a creditable measure of success that now enables him to live practically retired. He occupies a pleasant home at Twenty-first and Main streets in Vancouver and is widely and favorably known in the southern part of the county.

William A. Daly

The life history of William A. Daly, if written in detail, would present many chapters as interesting and thrilling as any tale of fiction. Life on a whaling vessel brought him unusual experiences in his youthful days, and he was a frontiersman in Oregon when the entire northwest was largely an undeveloped and unsettled country. He sought for gold in the early mining days, was connected with newspaper publication in Portland when this city was a village, and later was identified with various business projects, continuing through the period of his residence here in touch with the progressive spirit which has brought about modern progress and growth here.

A native of Ireland, William A. Daly was bom in Westport, County Mayo, July 30, 1836. His father, the Rev. J. L. Daly, was an Episcopalian minister in Oregon, who married Eliza F. Browne, and some years afterward went to Australia, accompanied by his family, his son William A. being at that time only three years of age.

The father settled at Sydney and remained for a considerable period in Australia, during which time he was engaged in teaching school. The residents of that country had recognized his ability and intellectual strength, and persuaded him to take up the profession of teaching. In 185 1 he left that country, stopping at Honolulu, where he taught school for a time. From there he came to Oregon, settling at Butteville, where he took up a donation claim. His wife and son William did not make the trip with the father, for William A. was then infatuated with the sea and felt that his greatest happiness would be in becoming a sailor. He therefore shipped on a whaling vessel, his mother having previously started for Oregon, and he finally reached New Bedford, Massachusetts. While there he learned that his brother John had been killed by the explosion of a steam boiler on a ship in Oregon, and he at once started for the northwest, arriving in Portland in August, 1855. He made the trip by water and soon after secured a position in the office of the weekly newspaper which was then being published on Morrison street near First. He worked on the paper as printer and compositor for many years, when in connection with George Himes he established a job printing office. They conducted business together successfully for some time, after which Mr. Himes purchased Mr. Daly's interest. The latter, who was a democrat in politics, then established a paper called the Daily Advertiser. This was during the period of the Civil war, and the paper was suppressed by the government.

Mr. Daly then went to the mines in Idaho and devoted about four years to mining, but his health becoming greatly impaired during that time, he returned to Portland, where he followed various business projects. He was, however, largely an invalid for about thirty years, and his eyesight became very badly impaired. Notwithstanding, he worked constantly and for a number of years conducted a brokerage business in partnership with his son Fred A. Daly. On going to Idaho, he walked all the way from The Dalles, and that was the beginning of his ill health. The strenuous exertion was more than he could endure, and he never fully recovered therefrom.

It was on the 17th of December, 1857, in Portland, then a part of Washington county, that Mr. Daly was united in marriage to Miss Priscilla M. Gray, a daughter of Robert and Mary (Hannah) Gray. Her father was born in Cin- cinnati, and her mother in Scotland, and they were married in Knoxville, Illinois. The latter died in Peoria, Illnois, in 185 1, and Mr. Gray afterward married again and came to Oregon, making the long journey over the plains. He left his Illinois home in March and arrived at The Dalles on the 20th of September, 1853. There he tarried for a month's rest, after whch he made his way to the Cascades by flatboat and then walked to the Lower Cascades, where he took another boat, proceeding thus to Portland. He was accompanied by his family and settled at Mount Tabor, where he took up a half section of land, which was a donation claim. Upon this place he built a log cabin and began life in true frontier style. There were many wolves around, and they frequently made the night hideous with their howling. The entire countryside was covered with a dense forest growth, but Mr. Gray at once began to clear his land and cultivated his fields as the place was prepared for the plow. After four years he sold one hundred acres of his claim for five dollars per acre. He afterward lived in different parts of the state, spending his last days in Corvallis, Oregon.

Mr. Daly was a Mason, holding membership in Harmony Lodge. He became a member of the craft when twenty-one years of age and was always most loyal to its principles. He traveled extensively all over the world but preferred Portland as a place of residence and here continued to make his home until his death, which occurred September 2, 1893, ^^i^ remains being interred in Riverview Cemetery .

Mrs. Daly has lived in Portland from the age of thirteen years. She is a member of the Episcopal church and of the Pioneer Society and has a large circle of warm friends, whose kindly regard indicates her many admirable qualities.

William Braden

When America was still numbered among the colonial possessions of Great Britain, ancestors of William Braden became residents of America, and when the colonists attempted to throw ofif the yoke of British oppression, the family was represented in the continental army. William Braden, Sr., the father of him whose name introduces this review, was born in Canada and in 1798 became a resident of Ulster county, New York, where he was residing when the war with England occurred. He enlisted for active service in that conflict and lived for many years to see America grow in strength and power, taking her place among the foremost nations of the world. He died in 1881, at the very venerable age of one hundred and two years. He was of Scotch descent, while his wife, who bore the maiden name of Jane Lane, and was a native of New Hampshire, was of English lineage. She, too, reached a notable old age, being ninety-nine years at the time of her death. She was a niece of Hezekiah Lane, who served as an American spy in the Revolutionary war, carrying dispatches for General Washington and thus rendering signal aid to the cause of independence. The political allegiance of the family was given to the whig party in early years, while later representatives of the name espoused the cause of the republican party. Of the family of William Braden, Sr., all are now deceased with the exception of Mrs. Susan E. Seely, whose home is in Strasburg, Pennsylvania.

The birth of William Braden, whose name introduces this record, occurred in the town of Ellenville, Ulster county, New York, June 28, 1831. He devoted his time between the ages of six and sixteen years to the acquirement of an education in the public schools and then entered the State Normal School at Monticello, New York, pursuing an elective course in preparation for the work which he desired to follow. For two years he was an apprentice to the carpenter's trade at Ellenville, and then started for California in 1849, attracted by the gold discoveries of the previous year. In a sailing vessel he rounded Cape Horn and after a voyage of one hundred and sixty-nine days reached San Francisco on the 7th of July, 1849. There Mr. Braden and other young men of the party purchased outfits and at once sought employment in the mines. He devoted six years to that work and at the end of that time engaged in steamboat building. His work in that connection had brought him to Portland, being sent to this city to aid in the construction of Mountain Buck, a famous steamer of an early day. On its completion he entered the employ of the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company as head carpenter in the shipbuilding depart- -ment. From that time until his death he was closely associated with the progress and upbuilding of the northwest. He made a trip to the Fraser river in 1857 and continued in boat building there until 1864, when he began contracting on his own account. He confined his operations strictly to Portland and in the government service built barracks at Cape Disappointment. He became recognized as one of the foremost contractors of his day and a liberal patronage was accorded him. In later life his attention was given to public service. He was in the city engineer's office for thirty-three years and no higher testimonial of his official capability and trustworthiness can be given than the fact that he was so long connected with the office. He was also elected superintendent of streets in 1877. He did not seek the position, it coming to him as a recognition of his personal worth and business ability. After five years in that position he retired but soon afterward reentered the office as deputy and there remained until his demise.

On the i6th of August, i860, Mr. Braden was united in marriage to Miss Cordelia Davis, who was born in Indiana, in 1840, and in 1852 came to Oregon with her father, H. W. Davis, who at one time was Portland's postmaster. Five children blessed the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Braden but one of the number died in infancy. Minnie became the wife of W. F. Matthews, former United States marshal of Portland and now a resident of San Francisco. Frank married Eva Fernau and engaged in business in Seattle until the death of his wife in 1906. They had one son, Earl. Cora, the next of the family, is the wife of William Howes, of Portland, and has one child, Florence. Mr. Howes is connected with the Plumauer-Frank Drug Company. Bessie L. is the wife of Maurice Whitehead, who is connected with the Pacific Fruit Express Company and they have one child, Dorothy D. Mrs. Braden now makes her home with her daughter Mrs. Whitehead. All of the children are graduates of the high school.

In his last years Mr. Braden was the oldest living member of Samaritan Lodge, No. 2, I. O. O. F. He ever enjoyed the fullest respect and confidence of his brethren of the fraternity and was sent east to buy the pine clock which is now in the tower of their famous temple. He filled all of the offices in the local lodge and also in Ellison encampment, which he joined in i860. He was sent as a delegate to the grand lodge and for over twenty years served as one of the directors of Odd Fellows hall. He likewise became a member of Oregon Lodge, No. I, K. P., and served as keeper of records and seals for twenty-eight years. He was likewise a Mason and a charter member of Mystic Lodge, and in his different fraternal connections displayed the sterling principles upon which the orders are based. His political allegiance was always given to the republican party and while he continued for a number of years in public office he could never be called a politician in the usually accepted sense of the term. However, he was interested in all that pertained to the public welfare, cooperated in various measures and movements which had for their object the general good. He died February 9, 1909, when in the seventy-eighth year of his age.

For six decades Mr. Braden had resided upon the Pacific coast and the early development of this part of the country was well known to him not as a matter of history but because he was a witness of, or participant in, many of the events which have shaped the annals of the northwest. He arrived in Portland on the 14th of March, 1857, when the land hereabouts was a forest wilderness and on the ist of July, 1884, he built his first home at what is now No. 288 Clay street. The natural forest growth surrounded him and the nearest residence was two blocks distant. As a contractor and through his connection with the city engineer's office he contributed in large and substantial measure to the upbuilding of Portland and is numbered among those to whom the city of the present day stands as a monument.

Horatio Nelson Price

Horatio Nelson Price is a self-made man who has worked his way upward by means of industry, unfaltering determination and indefatigable energy. His work has not only contributed to his own success but has also constituted an element in the progress and development of the communities in which he has lived and he is at all times actuated by a public-spirited devotion to the general good. A native of New Brunswick, he was born in the town of Woodstock, September 8, 1855, and spent his youthful days there, acquiring his education in the public schools and also in the provincial military school at Fredericton, New Brunswick, from which he was graduated on the completion of the regular course. Through the periods of vacation he assisted in the cultivation of the home farm and following his graduation he returned to the farm and aided his father, who was engaged in both general farming and in the lumber business. Horatio N. Price also became a member of the militia of Canada and continued his residence in that country until about twenty-five years of age, when the constantly broadening opportunities of the west attracted him. Prompted by laudable ambition, he made his way to Clarke county, Washington, in the spring of 1880 and for one season worked on a farm. Then in connection with his brother he purchased one hundred and sixty acres of the John Calder donation claim on Fourth Plain. Of this they cleared seventy acres, the brother remaining upon the farm, while Horatio N. Price entered the employ of the railway department of the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company for one season. He was afterward employed by J. B. Montgomery, a contractor of the Northern Pacific Railroad, who was conducting a general mercantile store at Skamokawa and placed Mr. Price in charge of the store. While thus engaged he was appointed postmaster of the town by President Cleveland and continued to fill the position for twelve years. In 1891 he was again called to office by appointment as state land cruiser for the southwestern district of Washington, in which position he continued for six years, capably and efficiently discharging his duties. In January, 1902, he returned to Clarke county after resigning his position as postmaster of Skamokawa. Here he purchased one hundred and ninety-two acres of land, which was also a part of the John Calder donation claim, paying thirty-seven dollars per acre. He then bent his energies to the development and improvement of the place, successfully carrying on farming until April, 1909. The town site of Sifton is on this ranch and Mr. Price retained ten acres of the site, which he hopes to hold until advancing prices make it profitable for him to sell. In 1909 he bought a tract of twentyone acres that has been set out in prunes and apples, and is well known as an orchardist, conducting a successful business in that connection. He has likewise dealt in timber lands but has now disposed of much of his timber. He is still interested in the one hundred and sixty acre tract which he and his brother, L. W. Price, purchased when they came to this county. While he personally superintends the cultivation of his farm, he is also connected with the timber interests in that he represents several large concerns as a timber cruiser. He is an excellent judge of the value of standing timber and is thus qualified to undertake important work of this character. Throughout his life he has been actuated by a spirit of undaunted enterprise and progress and his entire business hfe has been characterized by a steady advancement. His labors, too, have largely been of a character that have contributed to the welfare of the community. He was one of those who were instrumental in securing the buildinsf of an electric line between Sifton and Vancouver and he is now one of its stockholders.

Mr. Price was married on the ist of December, 1887, to Miss Lillie Groves, of Portland, a daughter of John H. Groves, and they now have two children, Hugh Dwight and Elise, both at home. Mr. Price belongs to Orchard Lodge, L O. O. F., of which he is a charter member and he likewise became a charter member of Kelso Lodge of the Knights of the Maccabees at Skamokawa. Attractive social qualities have won him many friends and he enjoys the companionship of those whom he meets in fraternal organizations and otherwise. He is preeminently a business man, alert, active and enterprising, and is meeting with success through his operations in timber, through his development and cultivation of his land and also as an orchardist, making a specialty in the cultivation of prunes.

William James Van Schuyver

William J. Van Schuyver, whose death on January 7, 1909, was the occasion of sincere regret on the part of many friends and acquaintances, was a native of Ohio, and, as his name indicates, was of Holland Dutch descent. He was born in Cleveland, July 7, 1835, and was the son of William and Mary (Craw) Van Schuyver. He received his education in the public schools but did not possess the advantages of high-school training, as he was put to work when a boy in a bank at Fort Wayne, Indiana. In the same bank was employed Hugh McCulloch, who later became prominently known in financial circles as secretary of the treasury under the administration of President Andrew Johnson. At twenty-five years of age Mr. Van Schuyver decided that more favorable opportunities for young men lay to the westward, and he came to the Pacific coast, arriving in i860, just before the outbreak of the Civil war. He made the trip by water, the Pacific railroad being then only in the prospective stage and not materializing until seven or eight years later.

The hardy young adventurer was first attracted by the stories of great wealth in the mines and for several years he labored faithfully in the hope of becoming independent as a miner, but like thousands of others he learned that it is often a long and toilsome journey to wealth through gold mining. He was naturally gifted with business sagacity and decided to turn his attention to bookkeeping, a business he had thoroughly mastered during the earlier part of his life. He accordingly became connected with the firm of Ladd, Reed & Company, of Portland, later going to eastern Oregon in the interest of R. R. Thompson, Captain Ainsworth and others who were in the steamboat transportation business. Being an apt pupil, Mr. Van Schuyver decided at last that he could conduct business on his own account, and associating with Levi Millard, he organized the firm of Millard & Van Schuyver, wholesale dealers in wines, etc. The firm bought out Ladd, Reed & Company and began business on First street near Oak. The firm became one of the leading wholesale houses in its line on the Pacific coast, continuing under the same title until the death of Mr. Millard, when Mr. Van Schuyver took over the business and changed the name to Van Schuyver & Company. A new location for the business was selected on Second street, and there he continued in charge until he too was called away. The business has since been in charge of his only son, William O. Van Schuyver, as manager.

W. J. Van Schuyver The City Of Portland 159

Mr. Van Schuyver was united in marriage at San Francisco, October 28, 1865, to Miss Harriett Angell, a daughter of Orange Allen and Mary C. (Dunlap) Angell. Three children, who are now living in Portland, were born to Mr. and Mrs. Van Schuyver: William O., who succeeded his father in business and was married to Helen J. Shortell, two children having been born to them, William James and Catherine Jocene; Mary C, now Mrs. Dr. A. E. Mackay ; and Helen, living at home.

Mr. Van Schuyver was a man of generous social nature and was a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks of Portland. He was selected to fill the responsible position of president of the building committee during the time the beautiful new home of the order was in course of erection. This is evidence of the confidence which he inspired in his associates, and in all his busines transactions he was known as one who gave and expected in return the "square deal." His widow and children will always remember him as one whose chief virtues were exhibited at his own fireside, surrounded by those whom he held most dear. In politics he was a republican.

Louis Buck

Louis Buck, physician and surgeon, was born in Hartford, Connecticut, in 1869, and in the city of his nativity spent his early youth and acquired his primary education. He became a resident of Portland, however, in 1885, and here completed his literary studies. He early resolved to make the practice of medicine his life work and to this end entered the medical department of the University of Oregon as a member of the class of 1897. He mastered the various branches that constituted the curriculum of that institution and since his graduation has taken special post-graduate work in the medical department of the University of California at San Francisco. He has always been an interested student of the profession, reading broadly and keeping in touch with the discoveries which are constantly being brought to light through the research and investigation of different members of the profession.

Dr. Buck was united in marriage to Miss Hattie Wagner, of San Francisco, and they have one son, Ronald. A social genial nature makes him popular in the various fraternal organizations with which he is identified, including the Masons, Elks, Foresters, Red Men and Moose lodges. While he greatly enjoys the companionship of his friends, he never allows outside interests to interfere with the faithful performance of his professional duties and he keeps in touch with the onward march of the profession through his membership in the Portland City Medical Society, the Multnomah County Medical Society and the Oregon State Medical Association.

Edward Hughes

There are no exciting or unusual chapters in the life of Edward Hughes, but his history illustrates clearly the value and power of close and unremitting industry, guided by sound judgment. Moreover the record proves the worth of integrity and reliability as factors in business life, for upon those qualities as a foundation Mr. Hughes built his success. He was born in Woodstock, Illinois, July 27, 1850. His parents were Patrick and Elizabeth Hughes, both of whom were natives of Ireland. The father followed the occupation of farming for many years and both he and his wife died in the middle west.

Reared under the parental roof, Edward Hughes was trained to habits of industry and perseverance, and his mental training was received in the schools of Woodstock. Later he engaged in teaching school and proved a capable instructor, imparting readily and clearly to others the knowledge that he had acquired. He turned from a professional career to merchandising, however, and engaged in the implement business at Cresco, Iowa, with his brother James. They were in partnership for about ten years and developed a business of considerable proportions. But the opportunities of the northwest attracted Edward Hughes, who read with interest accounts of Portland and this section of the country, its natural advantages and its opportunities. Accordingly, in 1882 he sold his interest in the store to his brother and started for the Willamette valley. Reaching Portland, he accepted the position of manager with the firm of Russell & Company, who established a branch house for the sale of farm implements. Mr. Hughes' previous experience in this line well qualified him for the duties that devolved upon him in this connection. He remained with the company for nine years, and during that period built up a large business, but wishing to have the more direct benefit of his own labors, he resigned his position and opened a store on his own account at the corner of First and Taylor streets, where he dealt in farm machinery, conducting both a wholesale and retail trade. Subsequently he removed to Madison and Front streets and was there located at the time of his death, which was occasioned by a street car accident on the 6th of November, 1902.

On the 28th of November, 1878, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Hughes and Miss Julia Mullen, a daughter of Martin and Mary Mullen. They were natives of Ireland but in childhood days came to America and were married in this country. Mrs. Hughes was born at Hartford, Washington county, New York, her father following the occupation of farming in that part of the state. By her marriage she became the mother of five children. Chester C. is now connected with the railway department of the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company at Spokane. He married Miss Elizabeth Skinner, of Washington, and they have one daughter, Loie Anna. Raleigh E., a graduate of the naval department at Annapolis of the class of 1906, is now a member of the United States navy and stationed in China. Leon S. is connected with the Barber Asphalt Company, of Portland. Julia Pauline and Julien Martin were twins. The former, however, died at the age of two and a half years. The son is a graduate of Hill's Military Academy, and is now a student at Leland Stanford University, Palo Alto, California. All of the children have been provided with excellent educational advantages.

In his political views Mr. Hughes was a stalwart republican, believing firmly in the principles of the party and their adaptation to the needs of good government. The demands of his business, however, always prevented him from holding office. He belonged to the Masonic and to the Odd Fellows lodges, and his remains were interred in the Masonic cemetery. He enjoyed the highest regard of his fellows of that fraternity for his life exemplified its beneficient spirit and its principles concerning the brotherhood of mankind. In business and social circles he was alike popular and honored and fraternally all who knew him entertained for him high regard.

William H. Woodcock

William H. Woodcock is one of the revered patriarchs of Portland, having passed the eighty-fifth milestone on life's journey. He was born in Searsmont, Maine, August 9, 1825, a son of Theodore and Rebecca (Packard) Woodcock. The latter's father, Malabar Packard, was a soldier of the Revolutionary war and one of the first settlers of Union, Maine. Theodore Woodcock followed the occupation of farming and both he and his wife continued residents of the Pine Tree state until called to their final home.

The City Of Portland 161

William H. Woodcock v\^as a pupil in the district schools of Searsmont and after his school days were over devoted his attention to the work of the home farm. He carried on general farming pursuits for about forty years and lived upon the old home place on which his father had settled when it was a tract of wild land of three hundred and twenty acres. William H. Woodcock gave his attention to its further development and improvement and converted it into productive fields. His business activities, however, were interrupted at the time of the Civil war for in August, 1862, he responded to his country's call for troops, enlisting as a member of Company B, Twenty-sixth Maine Volunteer Infantry, under Captain Charles Baker. He joined the army for nine months' service and was mustered out in 1863. He participated in the battle of Irish Bend on the 19th of April, of Port Hudson on the 14th of June and in the siege of Port Hudson which lasted for forty days. On the 17th of August, 1863, he was mustered out at Bangor, Maine.

At the close of his military service Mr. Woodcock returned to the farm. In September, 1854, he was married in Searsmont, Maine, to Miss Sarah H. Morrell and unto them were born three children : Ambrose, who died in Arizona at the age of fifty years, leaving a widow and two children, Benjamin and Olive ; Charles, who is now one of the proprietors of the Standard Box Factory of Portland and a representative business man of the city, married Emma Brown and has four children, Arthur, Edith, Helen and Clarke; Frederick, also of Portland, married Miss Alice Davie and has two daughters, Naomi and Ruth. The wife and mother passed away in 1866 and Mr. Woodcock afterward married Fannie Wilson, the wedding being celebrated at Riverside, Maine.

About twenty years ago Mr. Woodcock came to Portland, where he purchased an interest in a grocery store. The venture, however, was not successful and the business was closed out. He is now living retired. While in Maine he served as a member of the state legislature and took an active part in politics, giving stalwart support to the republican party, of which he has always been an earnest supporter. Since 1866 he has been a member of the Masonic fraternity.

Peter J. Flynn

Peter J. Flynn, who during the years of his residence in Portland ever bore the reputation for strict business integrity and for high moral worth, was a resident of this city for thirty-two years. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on the 19th of April, 185 1, and was a son of James L. and Jean (Donelly) Flynn, the former of Irish and the latter of Scotch descent. His parents both died in the east. They removed, however, from Pennsylvania during the boyhood of their son Peter, taking up their abode in Steubenville, Ohio. The father was a stone contractor and built a number of the early railroad bridges in the east. Subsequently they removed to Youngstown, Ohio, where Peter Flynn attended school, and when he had mastered the branches of learning taught in the public schools he began learning the stone and brick mason's trade, becoming a thorough workman in that line. The year 1878 witnessed his arrival in Portland and in this city he followed contracting and built up a business of large proportion's. He was in partnership with James McBride and Alfred Bingham at dififerent times and many important contracts were awarded him. He was the builder of the Union depot and other fine structures of the city and he bore a most enviable reputation because of his promptness and fidelity in executing every contract. He ever fully lived up to the terms of his agreement and in any business transaction would rather have sufifered himself than have deprived another. At one time he made a trip to

South Africa, expecting to locate there, but did not like the country and accordingly returned. He continued in business here until about four years prior to his death, and from time to time, as his financial resources increased, he invested in real estate, the value of which greatly increased with the rapid growth of the city, so that at his death he left to his family a goodly competence invested in property.

Portland is indebted to Mr. Flynn for a large number of the beautiful holly trees which are a source of interest to every tourist upon the coast. He had great love and admiration for the holly and set out many trees in Portland for his friends. There is one particularly beautiful tree at the corner of Twentyfirst and Irving streets which he planted when he bought some land there in 1884. He erected a residence there and made his home at that corner until he died. The tree, which is a very large, shapely and beautiful one, is still standing. He never joined any lodges or took active part in politics, preferring the quiet and rest of home life and the companionship of his books. He was particularly interested in the study of history and had wide and comprehensive knowledge upon that subject. He held membership in the Catholic church and when death called him was laid to rest in Mount Calvary cemetery.

Mr. Flynn was united in marriage on the 22d of June, 1882, to Miss Lizzie Beutgen, a daughter of Nicholas and May Beutgen, the former a native of Germany and the latter of Scotland. Mrs. Flynn was born in Canada and in 1878 came to Portland with her parents, who died in this city. Mrs. Flynn has been a member of St. Ann's Society since 1882 and she is now serving as its president. She has taken an active part in various lines of church work and her efforts in that connection have been far-reaching and beneficial.

Mr. Flynn passed away at St. Vincent Hospital on the night of Febntary 6, 1908. The Oregonian of the following day spoke of him as "One of the best known contractors of the Pacific northwest. . . . He was widely and popularly known in Portland, where he bore an enviable reputation for strict business and moral integrity. He leaves many friends in both business and social circles." He regarded friendship as something to be cherished and not to be held lightly, and his friends could always count upon his loyalty and fidelity.

James Cody

James Cody is entitled to mention in connection with the substantial development and progress of the northwest, where he has now lived for twenty-one years. He drove the first spike in the construction of the Vancouver, Klickitat & Yakima Railroad and in later years has given his attention entirely to farming interests, which he now succesfully conducts. He was born in the city of Rochester, New York, on the 15th of July, 1845, but when he was two years old his parents removed to Canada, settling in the vicinity of Montreal, where he was reared upon a farm to the age of twenty-two years. He then went to Osceola county, Michigan, where he resided until 1889, when he came to the northwest, settling in Clarke county, Washington. Here he began working for Patrick Dunnigan, a railroad contractor, in which connection he drove the first spike on the building of the Vancouver, Klickitat & Yakima Railroad, which was the first railroad on the north side of the Columbia river. He was thus employed for five months, after which he came to his present home, settling on the ranch which he now owns. It is a tract of eighty acres which was formerly railroad land, obtaining his patent to this in 1902. He had lived upon it in all the intei^vening years but his title thereto was disputed by the railroad company. However, in the contest he came out victorious. He has cleared a portion of the land and has put all of the improvements upon the place, including the substantial buildings which are now here found and the well-kept fences which bound the farm and divide it into fields of convenient size. He is leading a very busy life, engaged in the raising of hay, grain and potatoes.

On the 13th of October, 1880, Mr. Cody was united in marriage to Miss Ellen Collins, of Michigan, and unto them have been born nine children, of whom the following are living: Anna, the wife of Allen Linton; Abbey, who gave her hand in marriage to Abraham Curtin ; Arthur ; Allen ; and Ella, the wife of J. O'Herrin, of Spokane.

Mr. Cody belongs to the United Artisans society at Orchard. While his time is largely occupied with the effort to promote his own success along legitimate business lines, he yet finds time to cooperate in public affairs and has assisted not a little in the building and improvement of the roads in this locality. He is greatly interested in the welfare and progress of the community and has firm faith in the future of this district.

Jacob Fleischner

The years numbered more than half a century in which Jacob Fleischner was a resident of Portland. His name was enrolled with the Oregon pioneers of 1852. Mention of that year alone, to any who are at all familiar with the history of the northwest, brings up a picture that can never be effaced from the minds of those who were actors in the events which in that year marked the progress of civilization from the east to the west. The white-covered wagons traveled toward the setting sun, disease went with them as a companion and many a new-made grave was found along the wayside. At times the road was little more than an Indian trail. There was always the possibility of an Indian attack. It was in that year that Jacob Fleischner came to the northwest, and in all the years which were added to the cycle of the centuries until his death he maintained the closest companionship and the most kindly regard with and for the other early settlers to whom the tale of pioneer life was a familiar one because of their experience in all that constituted life on the frontier. While many of his warmest friends were among the early settlers, each day almost added to the number, for the circle of his friends increased as the circle of his acquaintance widened, and the deepest regret was felt at his passing, when on the 15th of April, 1910, he was called to his final rest.

Mr. Fleischner was born in Bohemia, July 15, 1833. The schools of that country offered him his educational privileges and his home training was such as developed in him habits of industry, integrity and reliability. He was nineteen years of age when he accompanied his brother Louis Fleischner, long a prominent merchant of Portland and a distinguished resident of Oregon, to the United States. For a time he resided in Philadelphia, after which he remioved westward to Drakeville, Iowa, where he began business as a merchant. The far west att^dcted him, however, and, equipping a wagon drawn by oxen, he joined a tra'n that wended its weary way over the open prairies, the hot sands of the desert and through the mountain passes to Oregon. Cholera broke out en route and much suffering was endured. At length, however, Mr. Fleischner reached Oregon in safety and took up his abode at Albany, where for many years he engaged in business. He afterward removed to Portland and his first home here is now one of the old landmarks of the city - a house standing on Fourth between Yamhill and Taylor streets. For a long period prior to his death, however, he occupied the well known Fleischner residence at Seventh and Main streets, and it was there that he passed away. He was a man of remarkable determination, to whom an obstacle or difficulty seemed but as an impetus '.or renewed effort, and his boundless energy carried him to the goal of success in whatever he undertook. In his later years he engaged in the real-estate business, maintaining an office in the Labbe building.

Mr. Fleischner was married, in 1858, to Miss Fannie Nadler, and unto them were born two sons and four daughters, and all but one, Minnie, who died in 1894, survive the father, namely: I. N. and Marcus Fleischner, who are connected with the extensive wholesale house of Fleischner, Mayer & Company of Portland; Mrs. Hattie Blumauer, of this city; and Mrs. G. H. Davis, of San Francisco; and Mrs. Rudolph Goldsmith, of Portland.

No greater devotion to family ties was ever shown than by Mr. Fleischner, who found his greatest happiness in promoting the welfare and interests of his wife and children ; his greatest sorrow came to him in the death of his wife three years prior to his demise. His love of children was always one of his most marked characteristics. The children instinctively placed confidence in him and came to him with their little tales of sorrow or of joy. In his office he kept a veritable aviary of wild and tame birds, which were of the greatest interest to his little visitors, and only a short time prior to his death he presented his collection to the city park. He was a lover of nature in every phase, the birds, the trees, the water and the sky all appealing to him with their beauty and with their song. He was a prominent member of the Oregon Pioneers Association, never failing to attend its meetings until ill health forced his absence, and when, two years prior to his death, the association was holding its convention he insisted on wearing his pioneer ribbon although ill in bed. His character was one of conspicuous individuality and he never permitted his business cares to affect his disposition, which was one of marked sweetness. His charitable disposition was again and again manifest and he was, moreover, a valued and popular member of the B'nai B'rith, the Concordia Club, the Masonic fraternity and the Odd Fellows lodge and other institutions which gave expression to his social nature and kindly disposition. At the age of seventyseven years he passed away, on the 15th of April, 1910, and a life record of great usefulness, covering fifty-eight years of active devotion to Oregon, was thus ended.

Michael G. Munly

Michael G. Munly ranks not only as one of the leading lawyers of the Portland bar but as a man of influence in molding opinion concerning public and municipal problems which have ever been of deep interest and importance. He is a practical theorist, for while he works toward high ideals he utilizes the means that lie close at hand for their accomplishment.

Born in Carbondale, Pennsylvania, on the 22d of September, 1854, he was a son of Michael and Bridget (McHale) Munly. His educational privileges were extremely limited as his school life in both public and private institutions did not compass an aggregate period of more than three years. His x-eading and research, however, have carried him beyond many college-bred men and L'-oad general learning constitutes for him a firm foundaton for his professional kn.^wledge.

Determining upon the practice of law as a life work, in 1882 Mr. Munly was admitted to the Pennsylvania bar. While he soon afterward enteied upon practice, he did not devote his time exclusively thereto, for from 1886 imtil 1890 he was also editor of the Catholic Sentinel. In the meantime, howe /er, he was building a solid reputation for force and capability in the practice cf law. He was deputy city attorney for one year in Portland, and in 1892 was appointed by Governor Pennoyer judge of the circuit court, making a creditable record on the bench during his two years' service. In the election of 1894, owing to the activity of the American Protective Association, he was defeated. Since that time he has devoted his attention to his private law practice, which is now very extensive.

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He has been a resident of Portland continuously since July, 1882, and has won for himself very favorable criticism for the careful and systematic methods he has followed in his law practice. He has remarkable powers of concentration and application, and his retentive mind has often excited the surprise of his professional colleagues. In the discussion of legal matters before the court his comprehensive knowledge of the law is manifest and his application of legal principles demonstrates the wide range of his professional acquirement. The utmost care characterizes his preparation of a case and has made him one of the most successful attorneys in Portland.

In 1909 Judge Munly was nominated for mayor on the democratic ticket but was defeated. This indicated his high standing in the party and the honor accorded him by those prominent in its ranks. He also has considerable outside interests which claim his attention. He is connected with the salmon packing industry of Alaska and is considered an authority on the natural history of Pacific salmons and has furnished some contributions to magazines on that subject.

Judge Munly was married in 1890 to Miss Mary Nixon, of Portland, and has three children, Robert N., Raymond M., and Anna Munly. His religious faith is evidenced in his membership in the Holy Rosary church and also in his connection with the Knights of Columbus. He belongs to the Commercial Club and is a member of the Portland Press Club and the Oregon Historical Society, and takes active interest in those projects instituted for the development of the city. He is a close student of public and municipal problems, and is president of one of the city improvement clubs which have done much for the civic betterment of Portland. He is a firm advocate of many of the measures to which the public conscience is being awakened with the result that effective work is being done along the lines of general reform and improvement. On all sociological and economic problems he keeps abreast with the best thinking men of the age and his ideas have influenced a considerable following.

Bernard Goldsmith

Bernard Goldsmith deserves to be especially remembered and honored by reason of his advocacy of a well developed park system in Portland and it was under his administration as mayor that City Park was purchased. A native of Germany, he was born November 20, 1832, in Munich, a son of Abraham and Esther Goldsmith. His elementary education was acquired in his native country and at the age of seventeen years he came alone to America. After a short period passed in New York city he made his way to San Francisco by way of the Panama route and subsequently removed to Crescent City, California, and also lived for a short time in southern California. He came to Portland about i860. He had been engaged in general merchandising at Crescent City and had also bought gold dust there. On coming to Portland he took up the business of assaying gold and later turned his attention to the wholesale dry-goods business, which claimed his time and energies for a period. Subsequently, however, he became interested in steamboating on the Willamette and Columbia rivers and he was the prime mover and the head of the company which built the locks at Oregon City. During the later years of his life he gave his attention to numerous and various financial interests, which, capably managed, brought him substantial success and at the same time proved factors in the progress and material upbuilding of this section of the state.

Mr. Goldsmith was married in March, 1863, to Miss Emma Frohman, a native of Munich, Bavaria. They became parents of seven children, of whom five are living: J. S., a wholesale grocer of Seattle; Louis J., financial agent of Portland; M. M., a manufacturer of Seattle; May B., also of that city; and Alfred

The City Of Portland

S who is engaged in the wholesale grocery business in Seattle. The mother passed away December 14, 1891, and the father's death occurred July 22, 1901. Mr. Goldsmith was always reckoned as a most public-spirited citizen, interested in everything that pertained to the general welfare, to progress and improvement. He was a member of the Jewish church and was always active in the ranks of the democratic party. He was strongly opposed to slavery and was a stalwart advocate of any measure which he believed to be right. In 1868 he was elected mayor of Portland on the Union republican ticket. He foresaw the wisdom of purchasing property for parks when it could be obtained at reasonable rates, knowing that with the growth of the city there would be a demand for these public playgrounds and places of amusement and adornment. During his administration and largely through his influence City Park was purchased and in this connection as well as in other ways his name will long be known and honored.

Jacob Gansneder

Jacob Gansneder, now deceased, who was well known in connection with the restaurant and hotel interests of Portland, was a native of Germany, born at Oberellenbach, Bavaria, on the 2d of June, 187 1. His parents were Jacob and Teresa (Riedl) Gansneder, the mother having died in Germany where the father is still living. The latter was a farmer and stock man. Following those pursuits to provide for his family of twelve children, of whom Jacob was fourth in order of birth. He attended school in the county of Mallersdorf, Bavaria, and came alone to America when sixteen years of age. The spirit of adventure and hope of improving his financial condition led him to sail for New York when but a boy in years, and from the eastern metropolis he made his way to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where he joined his older brother. He spent two years in that city and began learning the machinist's trade while there. He next made his way to Portland, for his brother, Anton Frederick Gansneder, had removed to the west about a year before. On reaching this state Jacob Gansneder became connected with restaurant and hotel interests, for some years occupying the position of chef. He was first connected in that capacity with the Model Restaurant and subsequently with Hotel Portland and later with the Louvre, one of the most popular and leading cafes of the city. In 1906 he opened Bismark Restaurant at No. 209 Morrison street, conducting it successfully until his death, and making it one of the best establishments in his line in the city. In the meantime his brother Frank had come to Portland about 1894 and worked with Mr. Gansneder and in 1906 started in business with him. He is now the proprietor of the Bismark Restaurant which is kept up to the high standard on which it was established by the two brothers. Through the capable conduct of this undertaking, Jacob Gansneder won a creditable measure of success, enabling him to leave his family in comfortable financial circumstances.

It was on the 25th of June, 1896, in Portland, that Mr. Gansneder was united in marriage to Miss Mary Platz, a daughter of John and Frances (Schneider) Platz, who on leaving Germany in 1884 became residents of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Five years later they removed westward with their family and make their home in Portland throughout their remaining days. Mr. Platz passed away in 1891 and his wife survived until July i, 1910. They had become the parents of seven children, namely: Mary, who became the wife of our subject; Frances, who wedded E. A. Ebersole, a shoe manufacturer of Portland ; Louis, engaged in the hotel business in this city ; Henry G., a cement contractor of this city; Katharine, the wife of H. M. Lescher, who is engaged in the bakery business in Seattle, Washington ; Anna, who wedded Dr. H. V. Guiberson. of Kent, Washington ; and Rose Teresa, who passed away in 1900. Mrs. Gansneder was born in Furth-in-wald, Germany, and accompanied her father and mother when they sailed for the United States and again when they traveled across the continent to the Rose City. By her marriage she became the mother of five children: Francis A., M. Irene, Jacob F., Romuald Paschalus and Rosemary, all yet with their mother.

The death of Mr. Gansneder occurred August 22, 1910, and to Mount Calvary cemetery his remains were assigned. He always voted the republican ticket after becoming an American citizen, but never took an active part in politics. He held membership with the Catholic church and with St. Joseph's Society and in fraternal relations was connected with the Woodmen of the World and the Eagles. He was an ambitious, energetic business man who constantly sought and improved opportunities and was, moreover, of a social, genial nature, having many friends in Portland, particularly among his fellow countrymen. He was particularly adapted to his line of business and made a great success of it. Special attention is called to the fact that he came to this country without any educational qualifications, without money and without friends, and he nevertheless became a prominent factor in social and business circles. His life is a shining example of the truly self-made man.

Joseph Dennis Cremen

Among those who became residents of Portland when the city contained only a few business houses on Front street, with a few surrounding pioneer homes, was Joseph Dennis Cremen. He was born in County Cork, Ireland, about 1827, and was educated by the Christian Brothers of that place. Cork has always been a center of learnng and his instruction was liberal and thorough. Though many years have gone by since he was called to his final rest, those who knew him remember him as a well educated man, and further evidence of this is found in his beautiful and symmetrical handwriting as seen in his memoirs. At a day when the course of education in many American communities extended little beyond reading, writing and arithmetic, he was a student of grammar, one of his old text-books being still in existence, the little volume defining itself as "The Art of Learning to Speak English With Propriety." Old volumes of Byron and Moore indicated his literary taste and Plutarch, his knowledge of those whose lives throughout the ages have left their impress upon the pages of history. Crossing the Atlantic in early manhood, he was a resident of New York in 1848. The west, however, attracted him. The news of the discovery of gold had been received and he realized that it meant not only the development of mining but of other business interests which must spring up to meet the demands of the large influx of emigrants to the western coast.

Accordingly he determined to try his fortune in California and on the 5th of March, 1849, sailed on the steamship Lewis around the born. While en route the vessel was shipwrecked. Although full steam was on, it made no headway against the strong winds, and another three minutes would have dashed it against the rock, when the captain discovered the situation, put the wheel to and turned the boat. The trouble occurred on the 2d of May, and only the crew but the passengers made their way to the land where they secured wood and water. The moss was so thick upon the ground as to render it spon.tjy and the men stood upon the branches of trees to cut the wood. Members of the crew also secured wild geese and ducks which furnished a welcome addition to the cuisine.