Sangamon County, Illinois - The whole text, 1912 (part 15 of 46)

Thomas Forster studied dairy farming, working on a dairy farm until he came to America in March, 1883, finding immediate employment, with Enoch Snider, a farmer east of Springfield. For three years more, he was in the employ of C. C. Brown, who owned the farm on which the White City now stands, and later worked for Stericker Brothers. In October, 1893, he entered the employ of the Leland Hotel farm as foreman, and conducted the property in an eminently satisfactory manner.

On May 12, 1880, Mr. Forster married Emma Parry, a native of England, daughter of James and Elizabeth Parry, farmers of England and both now deceased. Mrs. Forster passed away in January, 1898, and is buried in beautiful Oakridge Cemetery. She and her husband had the following children: William is farming at St. Charles, Ill.; Elizabeth married George Young, a farmer of Fancy Creek Township; Emma is the housekeeper for the family; Jane acts as her father's bookkeeper, and Fred, who is at home. The Forsters are all Episcopalians, and have been confirmed. Mr. Forster is a self- made man, who has worked hard and faithfully, and deserves his success. The fact that he has held this present responsible position for seventeen years, is the best proof of his ability and conscientiousness that could be offered,

FORTH, Charles J. - The building trades prosper in Springfield, for the city offers excellent opportunities for building operations. The men connected with these trades have all they can do to keep with the demands made on their time and skill, and one who has attained prominence as a carpenter and builder is Charles J: Forth. He was born in Kentucky, September 6, 1859, a son of Ewing Dixon and Mahala (Wade) Forth, both natives of Kentucky. The father was a farmer, who moved from Kentucky to Illinois in 1866, locating at Chesterfield. He

Charles J. Forth was educated in both Kentucky and Illinois and grew up on a farm, working for his father. Like other country boys, he enjoyed out-door sports. After leaving school he learned the carpenter trade, and that has since been his calling. He has built and assisted in building many of the beautiful residences and substantial business and public buildings of Springfield, and is noted for his skill and careful attention to detail.

Mr. Forth was married at Palmyra, Ill., in 1881, to Ida Hunt, born in Palmyra, November 9, 1865. She died and Mr. Forth married (second) Emma Battershell, born in Pike County, Ill., November 26, 1858, whose father was a farmer all his life. Mr. Forth had four children by his first marriage: Maud, born in 1882, in Chesterfield ; Ethel, born in 1885; Clyde, born in 1892, and George, born in 1894. The last three yere born in Palmyra. Mr. Forth has held local offices, being elected on the Democratic ticket, but is now a Republican from principle. He belongs to the Christian Church and is earnest in support of its good work. Faithful in everything, Mr. Ford has made and retained friends, and is rightly regarded as a substantial, reliable man, who can be trusted upon any occasion.

FORTHMAN, William H., chief engineer in the employ of the Reisch Brewing Company, of Springfield, was born in Waynesboro, Franklin County, Pa., December 5, 1866, son of John and Amanda (Crouse) Forthman, and grandson of George and: Susan (Peters) Forthman. The grandfather was a brewer in early life, and later became a farmer in Indiana, living in Spencer County, that State, at the time of his death. John Forthman and his wife were both born in Franklin County; Pa., and he learned the trade of brewer with his father. At the time of the Civil War, he was running a small brewery in Waynesboro, and after he withdrew from the business his place was taken by a Mr. Little.

For the past thirty-eight years, he has been employed in the machine department of the Geiser Manufacturing Company, at Waynesboro, and in that time, has lost but thirty-eight days from his work. He and his wife had children as follows: William H., Frederick, and Lucy, wife of Frank Blessing.

William H. Forthman received his education in the Waynesboro public schools, and after he was thirteen years old, he was employed during vacations for five years in the boiler department of the Frick Company's plant in Waynesboro. Until coming West in 1904, he filled various positions in the boiler department of this same company, as salesman on the road and installing ice and refrigerator machinery, ete. He is a conscientious and faithful worker and has been able to secure a good position by reason of his ability and industry. He owns his pretty home at 212 West Miller Street. He is a member of the Eagles and the J. O. U. A. M., and in politics, is a stanch Democrat. He is social and kindly in disposition, and is popular with his friends. Mr. Forthman was married in Fayetteville, Franklin County, Pa., September 2, 1886, to Miss Daisy Honey, daughter of Daniel and Catherine (Ritten) Honey and they became parents of two children: Earl H. and John V.

FORTMAN, John. - Many retired business men of Springfield formerly gained their living from the soil, and are now enjoying the fruits of their labor there. One deserving of special mention, owing to his industry and thrifty habits, is John Fortman, who was born in Germany, September 20, 1833, a son of Henry Fortman, also a native of Germany, who was a carpenter by trade.

Mr. Fortman was educated in his native land and there learned the carpenter trade, at which he worked and on a farm. Believing that in the United States he would find better opportunities, he left his native land, and landed at New Orleans in 1858. After a two-years' residence there he came to St. Louis, and a year later to Springfield, arriving there in 1861. He then bought a tract of six acres adjoining Springfield, and on it raised vegetables, which he hauled to the city, selling them to dealers. This business increased until he was able to accumulate a competency, upon which he retired about 1902. The frugality and industry which are so characteristic of the German, were present with Mr. Fortman, who, although now retired, occupies himself with work about his pleasant home.

Mr. Fortman was married in Springfield, March 17, 1874, to Minnie Shoultz, born in Mecklenburg, Germany, January 1, 1833. Her parents lived and died in Germany. Four children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Fortman of whom two survive: Fred, of Christian County; Minnie Price, whose husband is a brass molder for the Wabash Railroad. The family belong to Trinity Lutheran Church. Mr. Fortman is a Republican but has never came before the people as a candidate for political office. He is sober and reliable, and is well known in the community in which he has made his home for so many years,

FOSSETT, Jonathan E. (deceased), for many years a resident of Illiopolis, Ill., was a veteran of the Civil War and highly respected as a man of integrity and reliability. He was born near Chillicothe, Ohio, May 38, 1848, son of John and Catherine (Erwin) Fossett, both natives of that State. The father carried on farming in Ohio many years and later came to Sangamon County, where he carried on the same occupation some years, then removed to Missouri, where he lived on a farm and was killed by a falling tree. The grandfather had been killed by being thrown from a horse. Four daughters and two sons were born to John and Catherine Fossett, namely: Jesse and Mrs. Margaret Moorehead, of Lincoln; Mrs. Hattie Riley, of Kansas; Mrs. Hannah Stevenson, of Taylorville; Jonathan and Jesse.

As a boy Jonathan E. Fossett worked on his father's farm and after the beginning of the Civil War enlisted from McLean County, I1., in Company «a Fifth United States Cavalry, serving three years and participating in many battles. He was mustered out at Springfield at the close of the war, having proved himself a valiant and able soldier. He then engaged in farming in McLean County and later moved to Kenney, Ill., where he bought and sold stock and conducted a butcher shop three years, then spent six months at Buffalo, whence he moved to Illiopolis and established himself in the meat market business and conducted same until his death. He also served as policeman at: Kenney and Illiopolis. He was an enterprising and successful business man and enjoyed the confidence of his community. He and his wife became devout members of the Methodist Church and he belonged to Morgan Post G. A. R.

Mr. Fossett was married in Lincoln, IIL. January 20, 1866, to Miss Mary A. Ellis, a native of Kentucky, born June 8, 1844, daughter of William K. Ellis and wife, of that State. The father was formerly a slave holder, but left his old home and traveled with an oxteam to Illinois in 1852, purchasing a farm in Logan County, where he and his wife spent the remainder of their lives. They were parents of four daughters and one son, of whom those surviving are: Mrs. Fossett; Mrs. Maggie Mason, of Lincoln, and Mrs. Amanda Bartlett, of Nebraska. Nine children were born to Mr. Fossett and wife, eight sons and one daughter, of whom five survive: William T., United States Deputy Game Warden, living in Illiopolis ; J. Edward, of Springfield ; Elmer, meat inspector at the State Hospital for the Insane, at Jacksonville; John V., of Illiopolis, a stock-buyer by occupation ; Maude, wife of Charles A. Higgins, of Illiopolis, who is an insurance broker. Mrs. Fossett owns a very pleasant home at Illiopolis and other property in the vicinity. She is an earnest worker for the church and has many warm personal friends. Mr. Fossett's death occurred in February, 1905, and he has been sadly missed in many circles.

FOSTER, George W., who has resided for the last ten years at 146 North State Street, Springfield, Ill, as a retired farmer, was born in Woodford County, Ky., December 28, 1834, son of William O. and Nancy (Beavis) Foster. The father, who was a farmer, was born in Virginia, in 1800, and died in Kentucky in 1840. The mother, who was born in Kentucky in 1796, spent her entire life there and died in April, 1869. The grandmother of Mr. Foster Juliann (Kraft) Beavis was very wealthy for those times and owned stock in several ship companies. When the assessor called at her house she carried out her gold to him in her apron. William O. Foster and his wife had four children, of whom two died in infancy and two grew to maturity.

George W. Foster received his education in the public schools of his native State, attending school in a log building. After leaving school he worked on a farm for his parents, until taking up farming on his own account. He remained in Kentucky until 1876, then moved to Illinois and there spent one year, after which he returned to his former home. In 1880 he moved to Salisbury, Sangamon County, Ill., where he lived eight years, then locating at his present home in Springfield. He owns the house he occupies and formerly owned sixty acres of land in Kentucky, which he sold and then bought property in Springfield. He is a member of the Christian Church and in politics is a Democrat. Mr. Foster has won many friends in Springfield and is respected by all who have had dealings with him. He is interested in public affairs in the community, although taking no active part in them himself.

The marriage of Mr. Foster occurred in Woodford County, Ky., April 7, 1867, when he was united with Melvina Gaines, who was born January 12, 1849, a daughter of Robinson and Frances Jane (Ellis) Gaines. Mr. Gaines was born in Virginia and his wife in Kentucky, and neither lived to middle age. The grandfather of Mrs. Foster, John Robinson Gaines. was wealthy, owning land and plantations in Woodford and Franklin Counties, Kentucky. He died in 1883 and his wife in 1840. Six children were born to Mr. Foster and wife: William B., born March 6, 1869, now a farmer; Anna L., wife of R. E. Parkes, of Pawnee, Ill.; Minnie, married Edward Lacy, a farmer living near Salisbury, Ill.; Oliver J., living at home, has been employed for the past seven years at Fogarty's shoe-store in Springfield; Hattie and Thomas, died in infancy. Four children were born to Edward Lacy and his wife, namely: Gale, Linn E., Keith F. and Lloyd M., all living with their parents.

FOSTER, Hubbard C., member of a family that has been prominent in Sangamon County, Il., for more than seventy years, is known as a public-spirited and useful citizen and has filled many local offices with credit and satisfaction. Mr. Foster, born about one mile from the village of Loami, Sangamon County, March 29, 1855, is a son of James L. and Martha (Jacobs) Foster, the former born in Boone County, Ky., January 8, 1822. James L. was a son of Samuel Foster, also a native of Boone County. Samuel Foster married Miss Susan Cutter, a native of Massachusetts and a Mayflower descendant. They were married in Cincinnati, Ohio, and after their marriage moved to Petersburg, Ky. A street in Cincinnati is named for the Cutter family, and a brother of Mrs. Foster, Seth R. Cutter, came to what is now Loami Township, Sangamon County, in 1828, settling on Section 4, the land where he located now being the property of H. C. and Gottlieb Meyer. Samuel Foster died in Petersburg, Ky., at a venerable age, while his wife survived him, passing away in her one hundredth year. Her grandson, Hubbard C. Foster, visited her in Kentucky in 1878, and she died in the fall while he was there. She and her husband had a large family, of whom one survives, Seth Cutter Foster, of Cincinnati.

James L. Foster came to Illinois in the early 'forties, his brother Franklin having come to Sangamon County some years prior and purchased land in Loami Township. Here they kept house together several years, on eighty acres of land in Section 9 of that township. James L. Foster purchased eighty acres and put up a log cabin, added to his possessions from time to time as he was able, though his brother Franklin was content with his first eighty acres. The land purchased by James L. Foster was raw prairie and he began improving it, developing a fine farm. He finally owned 220 acres of good prairie land in Loami Township. His brother never married but made his home with James and his family. The former died in July, 1869, having deeded his real estate to his brother's wife, as a remembrance to her for her kindness to him in his last illness.

James L. Foster married Miss Martha Jacobs July 16, 1850. She was a native of Loami Township, born April 2, 1827, a daughter of Daniel Jacobs, who was born in Winchester, Ky., May 27, 1795, and his wife, Charlotte (Webb) Jacobs, also a native of Clark County, Ky. The parents were married January 30, 1819, and came to Illinois in 1825, bringing their household goods in a wagon, while Mrs. Jacobs rode on horseback carrying one of their children in her arms. Mr. Jacobs entered land in Section 25, Loami Township, now owned by his son, James A. Jacobs, who was born on that farm in 1829. The former developed a fine farm and erected a handsome residence with comfortable outbuildings, at the time of his death, October 5, 1853, being the owner of seyeral hundred acres. His wife died at the age of eighty-four years. Eleven children were born to Mr. Jacobs and wife, of whom but two survive: James A., on the old home farm, and a daughter, Annis, wife of James E. Dodds, a farmer of Talkington Township, Sangamon County. The entire family of children, nine daughters and two sons, reached maturity.

Hight children were born to James L. Foster and his wife: Ella, married James L. Rigg, and moved to Colchester, Ill., where her death occurred, in 1895; George W., makes his home with his brother, Hubbard C.; James A., retired, living at Loami, married Miss Dora M. Morris in 1891, and they have one son, Ralph, a graduate of the Springfield High School in the class of 1911; Hubbard C.; Susan, was wife of Lewis Crabtree and died December 30, 1900; Charles B., a resident of Caloosa, Lee County, Fla., married Era Blount, in 1906; Lizzie and Martha, died in infancy. James L. Foster was reared in the Baptist faith, but after locating in Illinois united with the Methodist Episcopal Church. He and his four sons joined the A. F. & A. M., being affiliated with Lodge No. 450, of Loami. He was first a Whig and later a Republican in politics, though a man of quiet, domestic tastes, and never an aspirant for public office.

The boyhood days of Hubbard C. Foster were spent on the farm, where he attended Maple Grove District School, and where he remained until forty years of age. Mr. Foster was married, in the St. Nicholas Hotel, Springfield, April 12, 1892, to Miss Lethe Evans, and they began housekeeping on the farm where he was born. They remained two years there and on that place their son, Benjamin Harrison, was born, August 4, 1895. He graduated from the grammar school in 1908 and was second in the class of 1910 in the Loami High School, which has a two year course.

In 1895 Mr. Foster erected a very comfortable and convenient residence on South Main Street, Loami, and they began occupying this home October 4, 1895. They are surrounded by every comfort and have one of the best houses in the village. Mr. Foster has always been active in the interests of the Republican party since attaining his majority. He filled the office of Town Clerk one year, has for eight years been Justice of the Peace of Loami, has served as Police Magistrate, as President of the Board of Village Trustees 1907-08, and in 1910 was appointed United States census enumerator. In January, 1909, he was appointed by Gov. Charles S. Deneen as Notary Public for four years. He is Social Secretary of Lodge No. 450 A. F. & A. M., of Loami, and belongs to Camp No. 848 M. W. A. He held the office of President of the Sulphur Springs Cemetery Association. For some twenty years he has been local correspondent of the Illinois State Journal, and for the same period has reported on the local changes and conditions of weather, to the United States Weather Bureau at Springfield. Mrs. Foster and her son are members of the

Methodist Episcopal Church and of the Royal Neighbors, also of the Order of Hastern Star. She takes great interest in church and Sunday School work. Mr, Foster has the confidence of the entire community and is one of the bestknown farmers of Sangamon County.

Mr. Foster and his wife are genuinely kindhearted and generous. They adopted a child, Eva May Evans, who was born June 26, 1897, her mother having died July 7, 1897, when the child was a babe, and her father on May 2, 1899, when she was about two years old. Her parents were Samuel and Kittie (Colburn) Evans, who also had a son, Glenn, who was born March 22, 1894, and who lives with his grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. James Barbre, of Taylorville, Ill Eva May has been given a good education, being a graduate of the common school of Loami, and has also been educated in music, for which she displays considerable talent. She is also a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

FOSTER, Jacob F. - There are men in Sangamon County who have spent their lives in farming, having become convinced that in that calling there was more profit for them than in any other they might adopt. They have been successful through long years of persistent effort, and can point with pride to their well-tilled acres to show that they have not worked in vain. One of these practical farmers is Jacob F. Foster, of Section 34, Curran Township, where he was born March 11, 1854, being a son of William and Elizabeth (Shutt) Foster, natives of Kentucky.

Williant Foster came to Illinois in boyhood, settling in Curran Township at a very early day. Later he bought a small piece of land, and still later bought the 100 acres his father had purchased, continuing to farm until his death, which occurred September 5, 1910, when he was eighty-seven years old. His wife had passed away in 1891, having borne him nine children, seven sons and two daughters: George is a farmer of Sangamon County; Peyton lives in Kirksville, Mo.; Sarah E., Mrs. Henry Bivin, resides in Springfield; Douglas is a farmer of Sangamon County; Leonard is also a farmer of the county; Marion is a blacksmith, of Woodside; Eva J. is the wife of Simpson Williams, and lives in Hopkins County, Ky.; Jacob F., and Charles, farmers in Sangamon County. During the Mexican War William Foster served his country, and he was a brave and good man. 7

Jacob F. Foster went to the district school and worked on his father's farm, as did so many of the sturdy farmer boys of Sangamon County who have since developed into prosperous men in almost every line of business or profession. After attaining his majority he began farming for himself, continuing his work with such success that he now owns 150 acres in the township which gave him birth.

Springfield, March 14, 1898, when he was united with Mary Nelson, a native of Illinois. Her parents, who were early settlers of Macoupin County, are both deceased. Six children, four sons and two daughters, were born to Mr. and Mrs. Foster: Frank, William, Louisa, Leola, Earl and Charles. Mr. Foster is a Democrat in political faith. Having lived all his life in Curran Township, he is deeply attached to the place and interested in everything looking towards the advancement of its best interests. He is a solid, substantial and practical farmer and a good business man, and stands well with his neighbors.

FOSTER, Samuel Lewis. - The Foster family has been prominent in Sangamon County, Ill., since the father of Samuel Lewis, Ivins Foster, came to Illinois from Kentucky, in 1829. Samuel Lewis Foster was born in Curran Township Sangamon County, June 29, 1830, and was one of the oldest native-born residents of the county. He was a son of Ivins and Margaret (McKee) Foster, both born in Harrison County, Ky., the former November 23, 1794, and the latter January 24, 1796. The' McKee family is of Scotch- Irish descent and came to Kentucky from Muddy Creek, Pa. Ivins Foster was a son of Samuel and Mary Mayhall (Veatch) Foster, who moved from Muddy Creek, Pa., to Harrison County, Ky. Ivins Foster located in Curran Township, Sangamon County, in 1829, and his death occurred there near the village of Curran, January 4, 1866, and that of his wife April 19, 1880.

Hight children were born to Ivins Foster and wife, as follows: William David, died in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1848; Mary Jane, married Samuel Dunn, who died about 1900, and his widow resides with her daughter, Mrs. Ackers, at 1505 South College Street, Springfield; Joel twenty-three years; Rebecca Ann, born in Kentucky, died August 15, 1837; Samuel Lewis; John Wesley, born in Curran Township, January 29, 1833, was married, in that Township, March 26, 18838, to Jerusha Dennis, and died in Sangamon County, October 4, 1898; James Thomas, born in Curran Township, March 29, 1836, died August 4, 1840; Martha Elizabeth, born March 23, 1838, died March 29, same year.

Samuel Lewis Foster was reared on a farm one mile southeast of Curran, and received his early education in the country schools. In 1849 he entered McKendree College, at Lebanon, St. Clair County, Ill., where he graduated in 1853 and afterward taught school two years, after which he engaged in farming in Curran Township. In 1860 he sold his interests in Sangamon County and moved to Elk River, Sherburne County, Minn., lived there during the Indian troubles, and in 1863 retured to Curran Township, where he again. engaged in farming and sheep-raising. He found good profit in producing wool, remaining on his farm until

1882, when he located in Springfield, buying a house on the corner of Edwards and New Street, which he later sold and moved to the village of Curran. He kept a general store there four years, then moved to a farm southeast of Curran, where he was engaged in farming until 1894, when he moved to his present years he had been an invalid. He was energetic and industrious during his active career and was successful in whatever he undertook. He was a public-spirited citizen and always ready to contribute his share towards the welfare of his community.

Mr. Foster was married by Elder Crane, of Springfield, December 27, 1855, to Miss Lydia Lee, who was born in Dover, Del., February 8, 1834, and they became parents of the following

Curran Township, April 7, 1858, died September 13, same year; Louis Kossuth, born in Curran Township, July 12, 1859, was married in Springfield, in 1885, to Miss Lucy Ewell, and they now live in Denver, Col.; Robert Lee, born in Sherburne County, Minn., November 6, 1861, was married, in Menard County, Ill., May 10, 1883, to Miss Margaret Elsie Foster, and they now live in Springfield; Margaret May, born in Curran Township, July 8, 1870, was married December 25, 1888, to James P. Sims, who is Principal of the Iles School, Springfield.

Mr. Foster never cared for , public office, though he had been an ardent Republican since the organization of that party. He was an active member of the Methodist Episcapol Church and fraternally was affiliated with the Masonic Order, which he joined in 1851, in St. Clair County, Ill., when he became a member of Lodge No. 110. He was a member of Chatham Lodge, at Chatham, Il. He was genial and kindly of disposition and enjoyed the society of his friends of whom he had a large number. He died in April, 1911.

FOUTCH, Hugh. - When the American Colonies separated from Great Britain and sought to establish their independence, families were divided, some members espousing the new cause, others adhering to the old order of things. Hugh Foutch, an esteemed retired farmer of New Berlin, traces his ancestry back to one of three brothers who came to Virginia at an early day. Of these Abraham Foutch enlisted with the Colonial Army and, in spite of the pleadings of his brothers, fought for seven years in defense of his adopted country. They remained faithful to King George, whom they regarded as their rightful ruler. At the close of the war, feeling unhappy in his old- home, Abraham adventurously set forth for the raw land in the vicinity of Evansville, Ind., where he farmed for some years, going later to Kentucky. There his son John was born, as was

Thomas Foutch, the father of Hugh Foutch. All of the sons of Abraham Foutch haye passed away, they having been: Abraham, Hugh, John, Thomas and William, all the last-named growing to maturity and rearing families of their own. There were also five daughters who grew up and married, but they are also deceased.

The Foutch family migrated to Sangamon County, Ill., about 1825, and John Foutch, a son of Abraham Foutch, passed his last days there, dying at Old Berlin about 1846. Thomas Foutch was born November 25, 1799, and lived to the advanced age of ninety-four years, dying February 14, 1893. His widow died in September of the same year, being then ninetythree years of age. She had borne the maiden name of Sarah Wherrett and she, like her husband, was also a native of Kentucky. Upon coming to Illinois the family made a short stop in what is now Pleasant Plains, then bought 160 acres in Island Grove Township. After improving this property and greatly increasing its value, John Foutch sold it, purchasing what is now the old Foutch homestead. This continued to be his home until death claimed him. Thomas Foutch was a typical Kentuckian, charitable and liberal, ready to think well of those he came in contact and help anyone who needed assistance without stopping to ask if it was merited. Long a prominent figure in the Baptist Church, he was instrumental in the erection of the first edifice for worship of this denomination in Old Berlin, and when an aged man took pleasure in walking to the church and building the fire so that the other members could be comfortable while listening to their Master's word. For a number of years he served faithfully as Deacon, and was always a very liberal supporter of the church. Long a Whig, upon the formation of the Republican party he adopted its principles, and gladly followed his warm personal friend, Abraham Lincoln, in his support of that party. All his life he steadfastly refused to accept political honors, preferring to aid his community as a private citizen, and he left behind him a record of a blameless life and countless kindly, charitable deeds.

Six children, three sons and three daughters, were born to Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Foutch: Elizabeth Ann married Thomas Pollock, both deceased; Nancy married John Bevan, both deceased, left four children; John, deceased; Caroline married Thomas Curran, both deceased, left one daughter; William was First Lieutenant of Company D, Twenty-sixth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, was taken sick at Quincy, coming home only to die; Hugh, the youngest and only survivor. X Hugh Foutch was born on the home farm in Island Grove Township, December 19, 1836, and grew to manhood's estate in his native county. He received a district school education and was reared in a religious atmosphere in his home. When he was twenty-one years of age he began farming for his father. On September

Ann Wikoff, born near Middletown, in Butler County, Ohio, November 14, 1836, a daughter of Samuel and Nancy Ann (Henderson) Wikoff, natives of New Jersey. Later the family located in Ohio, where both parents passed away. Mrs. Foutch was a daughter by her father's second marriage. By his first marriage he had four children: Joseph, Ireton, Samuel and Allan, all deceased. By his second marriage he had seven children: Augustus, deceased; Gertrude, who married John Vail, both deceased; Peter, of Maroa, Ill.; Lemuel, of Maroa, Ill.; John, Henderson and Mrs. Foutch. She and her two brothers Peter and Lemuel are the only survivors.

For many years after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Foutch lived on the homestead, caring for his aged parents. Eventually Mr. Foutch erected a beautiful farmhouse in which he was able to care for his parents more comfortably, and in it they died. He still owns this homestead of 180 acres, and his one son, William Wherett, born January 31, 1863, owns ninety acres, operating the two farms as one. 'This son married Louisa A. Wilcox and they have two children, Grace and Halden, both at home.

Like his father, Mr. Foutch is an earnest member of the Baptist communion, and has been one of its Deacons for a number of years, holding his membership in the congregation of New Berlin. Mr. Foutch's first presidential vote was cast for Abraham Lincoln and he has continued to support the candidates of the Republican party ever since. As long as he remained on the farm Mr. Foutch served his district as School Director, but would accept no other office. Having accumulated a sufficient amount of this world's goods, in April, 1897, Mr. and Mrs. Foutch decided to leave the farm and take life more easily, so retired to the northern part of New Berlin, where they are very comfortably located, owning their present home. They are most excellent people, commanding universal respect and enjoying the friendship of all who have the honor of tbeir acquaintance.

FOWLER, Charles C. (deceased), late of Springfield, left behind him, the record of an honorable life and was highly respected as a citizen and an upright, industrious man. He was actuated by high principles in his relations with his fellows and had a wide circle of sincere friends. His birth occurred in Pennsylvania, August 12, 1845, and he was a son of Caleb and Catherine (Ross) Fowler, both natives of Pennsylvania, the father born in 1824, and the mother . in 1828. Caleb Fowler, a farmer of Pennsylvania, emigrated from that State to Kentucky, he and his brother-in-law, James Canedy, with their families, making the entire trip down the Ohio River on a fiat-boat, which they had con- structed for the purpose. They located near Ashland, Boyd County, where Mr. Fowler purchased a large farm and operated it until his death, in February, 1906, his wife having passed away about one year previous, in February, 1905. He was a Past Master in the Masonic Order, and at the time of his death the oldest Mason in the State. The' Fowlers were an old family in Pennsylvania, having made their home there for several generations before Caleb Fowler removed to Kentucky. Nine children were born to him and his wife, of whom Charles C. was the second in order of birth. The otliers were as follows: John G., a farmer of St. Germain, Wash.; Ambrose, who was a farmer, died in 1891; Henry is a farmer and lives near Ashland, Ky.; Samuel lives at Ashland, Ky.; James A., a wealthy farmer of Missouri; Anna, widow of James McClellen, who was a wealthy farmer, residing in Indiana; Tryphena, who married Benjamin Barber of Ashland, Ky., and is now deceased; Bell, wife of Wilson Ballard.

November 12, 1845, when three months old, Charles C. Fowler was taken by his parents to Kentucky, where he received his education, It is the earliest home he can remember and his first work was done on his father's farm there. When about thirty years old, he married and began active farming on his own account, purchasing sixty acres of land in Carter County, Ky., where he lived from 1875 to 1885, when he sold his holding, and removed to Illinois. He located near the village of Cantrall, eight miles from Springfield, in Sangamon County, where for the remainder of his active life, he operated a farm. Being an energetic and practical farmer he won success, and in 1904, was able to retire. He then moved to the city of Springfield. where his last years were spent.

Mr. Fowler's marriage occurred in Carter County, Ky., July 17, 1874, the ceremony being performed by Rey. Weisman, in the Southern Methodist Church, when he was united with Matilda Dickerson, a native of Lawrence County, that State, born January 1, 1845. Her father,

Boggs, was born in Lawrence County, Ky., in 1827. Matilda Fields was first married to James H. Dickerson, in 1864, and he was killed soon after their union. She was the oldest of the six children born to her parents, the others being: Christopher Columbus, a well-to-do farmer of Carter County, Ky.; James A., died in April, 1906; Walter A.. a successful farmer of Carter County, Ky.; Elihu M., a farmer of Olive Hill, Carter County; Leander C., on the home farm.

James and Matilda Dickerson were parents of one child, Rebecca Dickerson, born August 29, - 1865, who lives with her mother. To Charles C. and Matilda Fowler were born children as follows: Taylor, born on June 11, 1875, a motorman, lives in Springfield, is married and has four children; Kalam C., born December 2, 1876, a farmer of Trinidad, Colo.; William J., born January 1, 1878, a successful fruit-grower of Riverside, Wash.; Eva, born December 14, 1880, wife of George Long, of Springfield; Oscar W., a lineman, was born February 9, 1882, and lives at home; Phena B., born July 3, 1886, a stenographer for the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company, of Newark, N. J., at Springfield. Mrs. Matilda Fowler is a devout and helpful member of the Methodist Church, of which she has been a member for the past fifty years. She is a woman of high character and good deeds and has many warm friends. Her father, William J. Fields, served fourteen years continuously as Sheriff of Carter County, Ky., and had seryed in the Civil War under the command of Gen. Marshall.

FOX, Charles W., a veteran of the Civil War, and a prominent resident of Riverton, Ill., is now living retired from active duties, after having spent most of his life in agricultural operations in Sangamon County. Mr. Fox belongs to a family that has been well known in Sangamon County for half a century, and he was a boy of ten years of age when brought there by his parents. He was born in Cape May County, N. J., November 20, 1838, a son of Aaron and Phebe (Buck) Fox, both natives of New Jersey, and the father a farmer by occupation. In early life Aaron Fox became a sailor and followed that occupation many years on the Atlantic Ocean, before taking up farming. He brought his family to Illinois in 1848, settling first at Pleasant Plains, where he lived thirtyseven years. Their first home was an old log house, which had been built by Samuel Purvines, and later they lived in a log house which had been erected by Rey. Peter Cartwright, a pioneer Methodist minister, for whom Cartwright Township was named. Later, Mr. Fox moved to Lanesville Township and spent several years in farming there, then lived several years in Buffalo, whence he moved to Clear Lake Township and there carried on farming. About 1859, Aaron Fox was accidentally killed. His widow died in Riverton, in 1897. Five sons and five daughters were born to Aaron Fox and wife, of whom the following survive: Charles W., of this biography; Smith and Coleman, also of Riverton; Somers, now of Nebraska; Frank, a retired farmer living in Springfield; Elmira, wife of George Sharp, a farmer living near Riverton; Melissa, wife of Sidney Branch, of Mason City, Ill. The Fox family originally came from England and the Buck family from Scotland.

Charles W. Fox was reared on a farm and educated in the public schools of Sangamon County. He enlisted in Company ©, Thirtyeighth Dllinois Volunteer Infantry, for service in the Civil War, and served four years and five months, being promoted to rank of First Lieutenant of his company, participating in many important engagements, bearing himself creditably. He enlisted from Springfield, and was

At the close of the war, Mr. Fox returned to Sangamon County and he was married September 21, 1865, to Melinda Ridgeway, born in Buffalo Hart Grove, April 9, 1848, daughter of Enoch and Mary (Likens) Ridgeway. Enoch Ridgeway was a native of Kentucky and his wife, who was a cousin of Abraham Lincoln's mother, was a native of Indiana and lived just across the road from the latter. Mr. Ridgeway came to Buffalo Hart at an early day and there engaged in farming, making that place his home the remainder of his life. Mrs. Ridgeway died in 1908, at the age of eightynine years. In the family were three sons and one daughter, of whom the only one now living is Samuel Ridgeway, of Buffalo Hart Grove. After his marriage, Mr. Fox engaged in farming in Buffalo Hart Grove and met with considerable success. He has resided in Riverton since 1886 and owns a very comfortable home there, besides other property. To him and his wife, children were born as follows: Six sons and six daughters, of whom six children are now living: Mary, wife of Elmer Wilson, of Springfield; Edward, a carpenter and brick mason, of Ashdown, Ark.; Alice, wife of Clarence Hamilton, of Riverton; Charles W., of Springfield; Clara, wife of Noah Hickman, an employe of the Chicago, Hamilton & Dayton Railroad Company, living in Springfield; Gilbert, of Riverton. There are eleven grandchildren in the family. Mr. Fox is a prominent member of the local post of the G. A. R. and his wife belongs to John R. Tanner Circle of Springfield. He is a member of the Methodist Church and in politics is a Republican, and well known in Riverton and vicinity, as an upright, useful citizen, possessing many warm friends.

FOX, James R. - The vast interests involved in carrying on the coal industry in Sangamon County, necessitate the employment in official capacities of men of experience and ability, especially in the mechanical department, where they are expected not only to answer for the efficiency of the work turned out, but must also be able to handle large bodies of men. James R. Fox, of the well-known Woodside Coal Company, a man of wide experience and unlimited capability, was born March 5, 1856, in Iowa County, Wis., and is a son of James and Mary

James R. Fox was the fifth of his parents' eight children, and his youth was spent on his father's farm in Iowa County, in which location he secured his education in the common schools. In his youth, in addition to farming, he engaged in the livery business until going to Mitchell County, Kan., where he embarked in stockraising, and so continued for four years, at the end of which time he returned to his Wisconsin home. A short time later he came to Illinois, locating in LaSalle, where he became connected with the Twin City Electric Company, continuing in the capacity of chief engineer of this firm for six and one-half years, and then taking the management of the lighting plant at Spring Valley, a position which he held for the five years following. In 1900 he came to Springfield, for nine years was engineer and had charge of the electric work for the Jones & Adams Coal Company, and in March, 1909, became hoisting engineer for the Woodside Coal Company, a position to which'he was eminently fitted after his long and varied experience.

On September 14, 1882, in Iowa County, Wis., Mr. Fox was united in marriage with Miss Mary L. Zimmer, a native of that county and daughter of Daniel and Amelia Zimmer. Four children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Fox, namely: Alice, Arthur, Clara, the wife of John Weigand, of Springfield, and Ray.

Mr. Fox is well known in fraternal circles of Springfield, being a leading member of Sangamon Lodge No. 6, and of the State Encampment, of the Odd Fellows, in which he has passed through all the chairs. He is also a member of the Modern Woodmen of America. His present comfortable residence on North Sixth Street was erected by him after his former home had been destroyed by fire.

FOX, Samuel C., an enterprising business man of Riverton, Ill., has established himself in the confidence and respect of the people of his community and has built up a good trade through honest dealing and ability in his line of work. The family of which Mr. Fox is a member is one of the older ones in Sangamon County and has always had a good standing there. He was born at Pleasant Plains, Sangamon County, May 24, 1849, a son of Aaron and Phoebe (Buck) Fox, natives of New Jersey and the father a farmer by occupation. The parents came west and settled on the old Peter Cartwright farm, where they remained many years, moved thence to Lanesville Township, and for many years carried on farming there, then moved to Buffalo, where for many years the father conducted a tavern. They finally located on the George Mann farm at Lake Fork, where the father carried on agricultural operations until his death. The mother died in Riverton in 1894. Ten children were born to Aaron Fox and wife, five sons and five daughters, of whom the following are now living: Samuel C., Charles W. and Smith, of Riverton; Frank, of Springfield ; Sumner, of Nebraska; Elmira, wife of George Sharp, of Riverton; Mrs. Millicent Branch, of Mason City, Ill.

Samuel C. Fox spent his boyhood on his father's farm and received a common school education. Ag a young man he learned the trade of plasterer, which he followed several years, then began contracting in this line of his own account, carrying on this enterprise seventeen years, after which he engaged in mining, but later he again took up plastering, and has ever since taken contracts on his own account. He is wide awake and enterprising and devotes himself closely to building up his business. He is a splendid workman and endeayors to employ the best help obtainable so that he has established a good reputation in his line of work.

Mr. Fox was married, in Lincoln, Ill, to Miss Ada J. Freeman, born in Knox County, Mo., December 17, 1859, daughter of Hdward Freeman and his wife, the former born in New York State May 4, 1818, and died December 18, 1885, and the mother born in Canada February 26, 1829, and died July 30, 1894. The parents came to Illinois before the time of the Civil War and settled on a farm near Dawson, where they lived many years. They had one son and five daughters, and three of these children are living: Mrs. Fox; her brother Silas, of Macon, Mo., and Henrietta, wife of Charles Cantrall, of Springfield.

Three children were to Mr. Fox and his wife, namely: Mary, wife of Frank Hott, of Riverton; Edward married Miss Nellie Radigan, of Riverton, and they have three daughters Ada E., Veda M. and Nellie M.; John W., of Riverton. Mr. and Mrs. Hott have one child, Charles H.

Mr. Fox has a nice home in Riverton and has many friends in the vicinity. In politics he is a Republican. he and his wife are members of the Methodist Church, and both are interested in any worthy cause which comes to their notice. He is a member of Industrial Lodge No. 550, I. O. O. F., of Barclay, and his wife belongs to the Yeomen of America, being affiliated with Springfield Lodge No. 136.

FOX, Smith, a highly respected citizen of Riverton, Ill., is a veteran of the Civil War and has spent most of his life in Sangamon County, being brought there by his parents when about four years old. He was born in Cape May County, N. J., June.3, 1844, a son of Aaron and Phebe (Buck) Fox, both also natives of New Jersey. The father was a sailor in early life and later took up the occupation of farming. Coming to Illinois in 1848, he immediately located in Pleasant Plains, where he lived many years, subsequently living in Lanesville Township, Buffalo and Clear Lake Township. He and his wife, together with a list of their children, are mentioned in this work in connection with the sketch of Charles W., a brother of Smith Fox, who is also a resident of Riverton.

As a boy Smith Fox attended the country schools, and helped with the work on his father's farm as soon as he was old enough to do so. He followed farming as an occupation until a few years ago, when he retired from business life and located in Riverton. He enlisted from Springfield in Company D, Fiftyeighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and was discharged at Mobile, Ala., New Year's Day, 1865.

At the close of hostilities, Mr. Fox returned to Sangamon County and followed farming for maby years in connection with his trade of plasterer. His marriage occurred July 6, 1866, when he was united with Louisa Flagg, a native of Sangamon County, who was born in 1847. Her father, Isaac Flagg, was a native

August 27, 1907. Twelve children, six sons and six daughters, had been born to Mr. and Mrs. Fox, of whom but three now survive: Benjamin, of Wyoming; Charles E., of Riverton; May, wife of William Peters, of Michigan City, Ind. There are six grandchildren in the family. Mrs. Fox was a devoted wife and mother, and had a host of friends by whom she is most kindly remembered and deeply mourned.

Mr. Fox is a member of the Methodist Church and in politics a Republican. He takes an ac tive interest in local affairs and is identified with the best interests of his community. He owns a very comfortable home in Riverton, where he has lived since March 20, 1867. He was a member of Post 389 G. A. R., which has been disbanded. He is regarded as a man of strict integrity and honesty and is considered a representative citizen.

FRANCIS, James-S., one of the oldest residents of Sangamon County, Ill., was born at Palmyra, N. Y., January 15, 1831, and was brought to Tllinois by his parents when five years old. He is a son of Josiah and Fidelia (Clark) Francis, the former born in Pittsfield, Mass., in 1801, and married in the same place. Josiah Francis was a cabinet maker and in 1822 came to Palmyra, N. Y., from Massachusetts, removing thence to Sangamon County July 4, 1836, and at first lived with a brother, Charles B., who had come to Springfield the year previous, remaining with him until 1857, then moved to what was known as the Davy Newsom farm, where he died in 1898, his wife having passed away in 1872. Mrs. Francis' sister, Esther Clark, lived with the family until she was ninetyeight years and four months old, and died in 1905. Esther Clark many times saw the Colonial soldiers under Gen, Washington when they stopped at her father's house. The father of Josiah Francis was a native ef Massachusetts and died at Pittsfield, the father of Mrs. Francis also having spent his entire life in Massachusetts. Joseph Francis and his wife had four children, three sons and one daughter.

'(Palmyra, N. Y., the birthplace of Mr. Francis, was for a time the home of Joseph Smith, the founder of Mormonism, and where he started the scheme for the propagation of his new faith, and it was Josiah Francis, the father

The boyhood of James S. Francis was spent in the city of Springfield, where he was edueated, and after leaving school he was employed as clerk for Joseph Thayer & Co., where he worked two years. He has lived on the same farm since 1851, and has there been constantly engaged in agricultural pursuits. He has a fine tract of 200 acres which he has developed and improved in every way possible. Mr. Francis' methods as a farmer are shown by the fact that, during the year 1910, a tract of five acres of the land which he had been cultivating for fifty-eight years, produced a crop of oats amounting, within a small fraction, to 90 bushels per acre. He is one of Sangamon County's best-known citizens and is revered and respected by all who meet him. He has seen remarkable changes since locating in the county and has always been the friend of progress and education. His pleasant home is located on Section 16, Clear Lake Township. He was formerly a Whig and is now a Republican, and has always been interested in public affairs. He has served as School Director, but has not held other public office.

Mr. Francis was married in Missouri, in February, 1881, to Abbie Barrows, a native of New York, and daughter of Franklin Barrows and wife, also natives of New York. Mrs. Francis died on the home farm, in 1906, and her memory is cherished by many friends. She and her husband had no children. Mr. Francis is a devout member of the Second Presbyterian Church of Springfield, and is always ready to advance the cause of any benevolent or charitable enterprise. He is a man of high character and kind heart, a true friend and a kind neighbor. He saw Lincoln and Douglas many times and was a personal friend of the former.

FRANCIS, Joseph (deceased), was born in Kentucky, in 1838, lived in his native State until he reached the age of ten years, then accompanied his parents to Illinois, his home for the remainder of his life. He was a son of Joseph and Margaret Francis, natives of Kentucky, and the father, a farmer by occupation, located in Illinois in 1848 and secured a farm in Adams County.

The early education of Joseph Francis was received in Kentucky, but being a small boy when the family came to Adams County, he attended the schools of that county for some time. His father's farm was located near Clayton, and after reaching manhood he engaged in farming

- there. Later he moved to Sangamon County and located on a farm, but afterwards returned to the vicinity of Clayton, and there his death occurred. His widow subsequently brought her children to Springfield, where they are all living at the present time. Mr. Francis was a devout member of the United Brethren Church, of Clayton, and in politics was an earnest Republican. He was an industrious and able farmer and won a fair degree of success in this occupation. He was a man of innate honesty and high character, and when his death occurred, he left many warm friends to mourn his loss.

The marriage of Mr. Francis occurred in 1861, at Mt. Sterling, Ill., when he was united with Miss Mary Ann Farrell, born September 1, 1844, in Indiana. Mrs. Francis is a daughter of David and (Kattie) Catherine (Hall) Farrell, the former a native of Kentucky and the latter of Indiana. Three children were born to Mr. and Mrs, Francis, namely: Harvey is married and has two children - Hazel and William; Frank, conductor on the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Road, lives in Springfield, is married and has two children; Lucinda married Thomas Stailey, and has three children - Ruth, Esther and Tracy, all attending school in Springfield.

FRANCIS, Vincent (deceased). - Many of the valued and useful citizens of Springfield, Ill., were natives of the Island of Madeira. Of this number was Vincent Francis, who lived in the city for more than half a century. .Mr. Francis was born on Madeira Island, June 15, 1836, a son of Frank and Anna (Dacausta) Francis, who spent their entire lives on the Island. The father was a gardener and owned a fine grape vineyard, also carrying on farming in a small way.

At the age of ten years Vincent Francis accompanied relatives who came from his native land to the State of Illinois, locating at Springfield. His education was begun in his birthplace and was completed in Springfield. After leaving school he learned the trade of painter and followed it the remainder of his life, eventually taking contracts on his own account. He was an expert in his trade and be-~ came quite successful. He enlisted for service in the Civil War, becoming a member of Company I, One Hundred and Thirtieth Illinois Volunteers, winning an excellent record as a soldier, and at the end of his term was honorably discharged.

At the close of the war Mr. Francis resumed work at his trade in Springfield and continued to build up a very good business. He was honest and reliable and fulfilled his contracts in a way to give entire satisfaction. He became a member of the G. A. R. and also joined the Mutual Aid Society, to which order Abraham Lincoln belonged, and in which he carried his membership some thirty years. His widow is a member of the Ladies of the G. A. R. Mr. Francis was an active member of the First Portuguese Presbyterian Church of Springfield. In politics he was a firm Republican and took the greatest interest in the cause of his party and especially in its success in national affairs. He was a public-spirited, highminded citizen, ready to promote the best interests of his com-

Mr. Francis was married (first) in Springfield, Ill., to Miss Dimingus Goveria, a native of the Island of Madeira, and three children were born of this union: Vic, a mail carrier of Springfield ; Lizzie, who married William, Sylvester, a painter in Springfield; Sindie, married Albert Helme, and they reside in Milwaukee, Wis. Mr. Francis was married (second) in 1869, to Miss Carrie De Freitas, daughter of Francis De Freitas, an old resident of Sangamon County, who was connected with a slaughter house at Springfield up to the time of his death, and was buried in Oak Ridge Cemetery. Children as follows were born to Mr. Francis by his second marriage: Fred, married and living in Racine, Wis.; Rose, married Ernest Fernandez and they have no children; Lawrence Bert. Mr. Francis died in Springfield, July 15, 1906, and was buried in Oak Ridge Cemetery. His widow now resides at 325 North Fourteenth Street, Springfield. -She and her husband made many friends in the city and both won universal respect. Mrs. Francis owns the pleasant home where she now lives.

FRANKS, John. - When a man decides to answer the call of his fellow citizens who wish to elect him to public office, he must, of necessity, neglect his own private interests and serve them to the best of his ability. Very few there are, especially in civic positions, whose business does not suffer from their acceptance of public life, and this unselfishness in behalf of the people should be appreciated. John Franks, one of Springfield's self-made men, who has been connected with official life in the Capital City for a number of years, was born there, January 8, 1850, a son of Emanuel and Clara (Verria) Franks, natives of Madeira. Emanuel Franks came to the United States in 1848 and was engaged in various occupations until the outbreak of the Civil War, when he enlisted in the Union army, under General John M. Palmer, and served three years, during which time he was wounded in the hand. For twenty years he was janitor of the Palmer School in Springfield, and after his retirement went to El Paso, Tex, where he is now residing. His wife died in December, 1909. Mr. Franks is a member of the Portuguese Presbyterian Church.

As a youth John Franks showed his enterprise by peddling apples to the soldiers of the Union army at Camps Butler and Yates. His education was secured in the Palmer School, which he left at the age of eighteen years, and worked at various occupations until obtaining a position with the wholesale house of Smith & Hay. In 1876 he became a member of the Springfield police force, with which he was connected for nine years, and in 1885 entered into his present business, in which he has continued to this time. He hauled the first load of sand to use in the construction of the State House, and the first load of dirt in excavating for the reservoir, and his was the last team to leave work thereon. He also hauled the first load of sand to use in building the Presbyterian Church. For a time he farmed on the land where the water company's plant is now located. He was Deputy Sheriff under Tamp Eliott, Sheriff of Sangamon County, and in 1889 was elected Alderman of the First Ward, serving until 1901, when he was re-elected for a term of two years, and it was during his term that the High School was erected. He has always been faithful in the performance of his official duties and constantly looked after the interests of his constituents. Mr. Franks' politics are those of the Democratic party. In religious views he is liberal. He is the owner of considerable property in Springfield.

On March 380, 1874, Mr, Franks was united in marriage with' Kate Smith, who was born in Jacksonville, Ill., whose father is deceased and whose mother is living in Springfield. Seven children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Franks: Melborn, who is Deputy Sheriff; Nellie, the wife of Patrick Ganhan, of Springfield; Leo, the wife of G. C. Watson, of Chicago; Lillie, the wife of Patrick Rourke, of Springfield; Grace, the wife of Albert Murry, connected with the Chicago & Alton Railroad; Ida, the wife of Arthur Burk, of Springfield; and John Palmer, who is in business with his father in Springfield.

FREEMAN, Norman L. (deceased), a prominent lawyer and for more than thirty years, Supreme Court Reporter of the State of Illinois, spent a large part of his life in Springfield. He was born in Caledonia, Livingston County, N. Y., May 9, 1823, the son of Truman and Hannah (Dow) Freeman, both natives of New Hampshire and residents of Concord in that State for many years. His maternal grandmother was a member of the Greeley family and his mother a cousin of Horace Greeley. Truman Freeman became a leather merchant at Albany, N. Y., where he died in 1824.

Norman L. was member of a family of eight children who reached maturity and of whom he was the last survivor. In 1831, his widowed mother, accompanied by her family, moved from New York to Ann Arbor, Mich., where they remained six years, when they removed to Detroit. After spending some three years as an employe in the store of David Cooper, a merchant of Detroit, in 1840 Norman L. went to Cleveland, Ohio, where he clerked for a few months in the store of an older brother. He then entered the University at Athens, Ohio, but on his retirement from that institution in 1843, engaged in teaching for a time in western Kentucky, while thus employed devoting his leisure time to reading law. In 1845, he went to Waterford, N. Y., where he prosecuted his preparatory law studies in the office of Kirtland & Seymour for a year, when in 1846 he returned to Kentucky, and at Morganfield, Union County, that State, was admitted to the bar. On December 20, 1849, he was there married to Miss Tranquilla Richeson, a daughter of Alfred and Elizabeth Dabney (Williamson) Richeson, of that county. Mrs. Freeman was a native of Lynchburg, Va. and her father became an extensive land owner in Kentucky, while an uncle, William Richeson, was a wealthy merchant of Shawneetown, Ill.

In 1851, Mr. Freeman removed to Shawneetown, then a place of considerable importance, and the home of a number of prominent lawyers, was there admitted to the bar and for a time enjoyed a lucrative practice in the Local and Supreme Courts of Southern Illinois. For a part of this time he devoted his attention to authorship on legal topics, in 1856 issuing a "Digest of the Illinois Reports" in two large volumes. It was, no doubt, his success in this line which brought him to the attention of the Supreme Court, resulting in his appointment by that body as Supreme Court Reporter in April, 1863, on the retirement of his predecessor, Judge Ebenezer Peck, of Chicago. In the meantime he had spent some three years (1859-1862) seeking recuperation of his health on a farm in Marion County, Mo., returning in the latter year to Shawneetown. During this period the State was divided for judicial purposes into three Grand Divisions, the Supreme Court holding its sessions successively at Ottawa, Springfield and Mt. Vernon. Mr. Freeman, with his headquarters at Springfield, was accustomed to attend each session, issuing reports of proceedings for thirty-one years (1863-1894), amounting to 120 volumes. His death occurred after a protracted illness at his home in Springfield on the morning of August 23, 1894, the obsequies in his honor being of a specially impressive character. The deecase of Mrs. Freeman took place at Springfield in 1905, and both are buried in Oak Ridge Cemetery.

Mr. and Mrs. Freeman were the parents of three daughters and one son, namely: Mary D. married John A. S. Miller, a fruit dealer of Spokane, Wash.; Elizabeth H. married Joseph P. Doyle, and they are residing in Chicago ; William R. and Georgia L. - the latter, the wife of John H. Brinkerhoff, a real-estate dealer of Springfield, and they have two children, George Norman and John William. (See also Vol. I, pe 176)

FREIDINGER, Henry (deceased), formerly an enterprising German-American citizen of Springfield, who died January 11, 1911, was a resident of that city for nearly half a century. He was born in Bavaria, August 18, 1822, son of George and Mary (Bloomenauer) Freidinger, the former a well-to-do farmer of Germany. The family came to the United States in 1832, landing in New York City. They spent one year at Frederick, Md., moved thence to Funkstown, same State, and soon after located in Hagerstown, where both parents died. George Freidinger was a laborer and for some time he and his sons worked on the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal. Children as follows were born to him and his

Until he was ten years of age Henry Freidinger lived in Bavaria, where he attended school as soon as he was old enough. He also attended the public schools of Hagerstown, Md., for a time. The first work he did was on the old Bruethett farm, near Hagerstown, where he received $3 per month and board for his services. He then worked for a time for a butcher near his home, and worked with his father and brothers for a time on the canal. He then found employment in a brick yard, where he remained for a time, learning the trade of brick-making. He worked for some time at various kinds of work, and then moved to Pennsylvania, where he worked for some time in his brother George's brickyard. He began business on his own account in Hagerstown, manufacturing brick for the farmers in the surrounding country, and after moving to Springfield, Ill., in 1864, engaged in the same business there.

Mr. Freidinger was married (first) about 1852, to Miss Mary Esterday, who died one year later, and he married (second) Miss Frances Kuhn or Koon.

Upon locating in Springfield Mr. Freidinger bought property on Fifth Street, but soon afterwards traded this for a forty-acre farm in Cotton Hill, Owing to various complications, he disposed of this farm and returned to town. During the first year he spent in Springfield he made two kilns of brick, and upon returning to the city he formed a partnership with a Mr. Baker, and they began moving houses, which they continued several years. For four summers Mr. Freidinger worked on the State House, worked four years in the rolling mills, then worked ten years in the watch factory, after which time he was retired. He worked hard for many years and well earned the rest he later enjoyed. He was a man of good principles and habits and had the respect and ee will of all who have had dealings 'with him.

Mr. Freidinger was reared in the faith of the German Reformed Church, was a stanch Democrat in political views, and took an active interest in public affairs. His second wife died in July, 1908. Mr. Freidinger had children as follows: Henry died in Muncie, Ind.; William, of Springfield; Katy, Mrs. Nicholas Trainor, of Springfield; John, of Colorado; Charles and Benjamin, deceased; and Frank, of Springfield.

FREISCHLAG, Joseph. - The men who displayed their faith in the future of Springfield realty have been richly rewarded, for land values have reached an astounding figure and those fortunate enough to own land, either in the city or its vicinity find their possessions materially increasing in value. One of the men thus fortunate is Joseph Freischlag, of No. 2101 Rochester Road, whose five acres are valued at $1,000 per acre. He was born in Southern

Germany, November 9, 1848, a son of George and Eva (Voth) Freischlag, both of Germany, farming people, who never left their native land. Of their two sons and one daughter, Joseph is the only survivor.

Mr. Freischlag was educated in Germany, attending public school eight years and drawing school two years. He worked on the farm for his father until fifteen years old, then began learning the stone-cutter's trade. In 1880 he came to America, sailing from Antwerp to Liverpool, and thence to New York City, where he remained a week, then came on west to Chicago. From there he went to Ottumwa, Iowa, where he spent a year, working at his trade. His next location was at Gladstone, Henderson County, Ill., but after four years there, he went to Kansas City, Mo. After four years more there, he went to Ogden, Utah, where he spent 1890 and 1891, and then went to Burlington, Iowa. He then spent a short time in Alabama, finally coming to Springfield, where he worked at his trade until he retired, a short time since, after a long period of hard work.

On January 18, 1888, he was married at Gladstone, Ill., to Augusta Gade, born in Germany, June 17, 1858. Her parents also died in Germany when she was quite young, she being a daughter of Christian Gade. Mrs. Freischlag had two brothers and a sister, Mrs. Anna Morris, of Gladstone, Ill. Mr. and Mrs. Freischlag have had eight children: two are deceased ; Herman, a boiler maker in the Wabash shops; William, also in the Wabash shops; Osear, clerk for Anton Elshoff, grocer; Gertrude, employed by the Herndon Dry Goods Company ; Helen, with the John Bressmer Company; Joseph. Herman has two children, - Theresa and William A. Mr. Freischlag is a Roman Catholic and belongs to the Sacred Heart parish. He is a solid, reliable man and one whose word is as good as his bond.

FREITAG, Charles H. - Sprinefield has its full share of veterans of the Civil War, and is proud of them and of the fact that they have selected their Capital City as a place of residence during their declining years, as well as during those of their business activity. One of the men who have been of importance in peace as well as war, is Charles H. Freitag, now retired from active life, but who for years conducted a thriving transfer and coal business, being prepared to do the heaviest kind of moying. He was born in Prussia, Germany, near Berlin, April 26, 1837, a son of Fred and Fredericka (Yeates) Freitag. The mother died in her native land but the father came to the United States in 1850, bringing with him his four children. They came to New York, from Hamburg, on a sailing vessel named the "Carolina," and spent seven weeks on the ocean. From New York, they went to Newark, N. J., spending a year there together but at the close of that time Charles H. Freitag, upon the advice of a friend who had two sons in what is now the city of Champaign, Ill., came west. When he reached Chicago, Mr. Freitag found no one who seemed to know anything about a place called Urbana, as Champaign was then named. After many inquiries, however, he found that there was such a spot, on which a town was to be built. This location was the terminus of the division of the Illinois Central Railroad, and at that time two tents and two sheds constituted the town. The first building in the place was a warehouse, and in the point of its roof was a hotel dining room, so low that the waiters had to stoop in serving the guests.

The first house at Urbana was. erected by Adolph Maker and Mr. Freitag assisted in its construction, boarding there when the family moved in. Upon the completion of this house the German citizens there proposed celebrating the event, and as they thought they could not do this properly without beer, Mr. Freitag was delegated to go to Chicago and get a barrel of this liquor. Three dances were then given, the music being supplied by an accordion, and although the temperance people of the place tried to break up the jollification, the participants drove them off and completed their celebration.

As soon as the Illinois Central Railroad Company had work at Urbana, Mr. Freitag entered its employ there, as assistant to a blacksmith, and saving his earnings with German frugality, he was soon able to take advantage of the opportunity to buy cheap land, purchasing eighty acres from the Illinois Central Railroad Company. Although he knew nothing about farming, this young German was not daunted, but assuming that he understood the work, hired out, and being quick to learn, was soon able to break prairie land with anyone. The work was done with an ox team. However, as he was not an agriculturist, Mr. Freitag sold his farm, going to Galveston, Texas. While he was working there, the yellow fever broke out in his vicinity and he decided that he did not care to remain in a place where such an epidemic was imminent at any time. For some time he lived in the country, then returned to Galveston, where he learned that a manager was wanted for a hotel at Columbus, Colorado County, Texas, and immediately upon hearing of this fact Mr. Freitag went there, secured the position and filled it satisfactorily until the outbreak of the war. He then enlisted in Company I, Twenty-fourth Texas Rangers, and was taken prisoner and confined at Fort Hineman, being later taken to Camp Butler. He tells some entertaining stories of prison life. as well as of the privations endured by the soldiers of the Confederacy. At one time their only food was cornmeal, and the whole grain parched served as coffee. Quinine was in demand to help break the fever that wasted them, and cream of tartar was also valued to raise their bread. Mr. Freitag remembers the dire conse-

After coming to Camp Butler, Mr. Freitag became acquainted with Springfield, and liked the city so well that it has been his home for forty-eight years. He worked as teamster for Dennis & Beam, architects, and then for five years was custodian at Reservoir Park, being the first to hold that position. He was next chosen as driver of the Jefferson Street fire engine. Following this, he formed a partnership with Godley & Reevely, who secured a cooperative coal shaft. Later, Mr. Freitag bought a team and sold coal all over the city, and this was the beginning of his business success. Little by little, he increased his business, adding team after team, and taking up moving and transfer business, until he had the best equipped line in the city. In January, 1910, he retired from active life, being well satisfied with what he had accomplished.

In 1864 Mr. Freitag was married, in Springfield, to Margaret Beierlein, a daughter of Michael and Katherine (Keil) Beierlein. Five children were born to them, of whom the two now surviving are Henry, of Springfield, and Lizzie, Mrs. John McGavin, also of Springfield. Mr. Freitag is a Republican. Genial kindhearted, fond of his fellowmen, Mr. Freitag has a host of friends, and is welcome wherever he goes. In his life he demonstrates what a man can accomplish if he be ambitious and willing to work.

FRESE, Adolf G - The United States has no better citizens today than those who are of German birth. The Germans, as a rule, are intensely loyal and patriotic, striving to advance the interests of their country and contribute to the support of its institutions. When they come here, they bring with them these patriotic impulses and seek to carry these ideas into effect. They are also industrious and thrifty, and are bound to succeed in whatever they undertake. Springfield is the home of some of these good men, and among them none stands higher than Adolf G. Frese, born in Elberfeld, Germany, June 9, 1874, a son of Louis and Helene (Wulling) Frese, the former a native of Waldeck and the latter of Elberfeld, Germany,

Adolf G. Frese was educated in the K. K. Real Gymnasium, where he fitted himself to be a school teacher. He lost his parents early in life, and his struggle was a difficult one, so he finally decided to come to America. Having learned the butcher's trade, upon coming to Springfield, Ill., he found employment in that line and is justly regarded as one of the substantial men of the city. He has been an important factor in organizing German and American benefit associations, and is at present

On July 1, 1906, Mr. Frese was married to Sarah Stewart, whose family are engaged in business in New York City. There is no issue of this marriage. Mr. Frese belongs to the Netherland Reformed Church. Starting out as a common laborer upon his arrival in the United States, he has sought to do his part in promoting the interests of his adopted country and make it the most prosperous nation in the world. No matter how small his wages, he managed to save money, and to advance himself. He is a great advocate of the rights of humanity, and .believes in giving to his fellow beings and his adopted country, the benefit of his experience and good will.

FREY, John (deceased), was a large landowner in Sangamon and Christian counties, and followed farming most of his life. He was born in Germany, January 9, 1829, a son of Lawrence and Mary (Rodemeier) Frey, both natives of Germany, the former born in Derkhein and the latter at Sieboff. They lived on a farm in Germany, where the mother died, and the fa ther came to the United States in 1862, locating in Louisville, Ky., where his death occurred in 1866. Very little is known about the grandparents, who were residents of Germany. John Frey received his education in his native country and passed his childhood on a farm. After leaving school, he worked at farming, and left Germany May 20, 1850, for the United States, landing July 13, in New York, with but one dollar in his possession,

After coming to the United States Mr. Frey first worked in a saw-mil] until he had enough money to go to Louisville, Ky., and reached that city August 10, 1850. He remained a short time with a brother in Louisville, then went to Pike County, O., where he remained until 1888, working at farming, first, but from 1861 until 1888, was engaged in a mercantile business in Waverly. In 1888, he sold out his business and purchased 440 acres of land in Illinois, going to Buffalo. He was able to converse in five languages: German, French, Italian, Hebrew and English,

Mr. Frey fought with the "Patriots" in Germany for nineteen months, but his comrades were so greatly outnumbered that they were forced to surrender. He was wounded in the head while near the French lines, and at the close of his services was exiled, so came to the United States. Though he had espoused a losing cause, he had risked his life for what he believed to be right. He was a member of the Christian Church at Buffalo, and a Democrat in political belief, taking an active interest in the public welfare and in the improvement of the community.

Mr. Frey was married in Pike County, O., in 1858, to Miss Mary Hildebrant, born in Germany, November 9, 1833, daughter of William Hildebrant, also a native of Germany. Mr.

Hildebrant and his wife were natives of Germany. They were there married, coming to America in 1848, locating in Pike County, O., but later moved to Kansas, where she died, but he died in the northern part of Ohio. There were three girls and- one son in the family. Nine children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Frey, three sons and six daughters, Namely: Maud, born in Pike County, O., wife of Frank Thompson, lives in Sangamon County, and has five children; Jacob is married and lives on the home farm; Lizzy, wife of George Armstrong lives in Mechanicsburg; Emma, wife of John Rowe lives in Springfield, no issue; Lena, wife of George Kiser lives in Ohio; William is married and lives in the west; Louisa, wife of Jacob Byerline lives in Sangamon County, one child; John is married and lives on his father's farm in Sangamon County ; and Tillie, wife of Harve Mosentetter, lives in Springfield and has four children.

Mr. Frey owned 420 acres of land in Sangamon. County and also 220 acres in Christian County, Kas., besides two business blocks in Waverly, O. He had a handsome residence in Buffalo. Having been very industrious and thrifty, he was able to accumulate a competency. Mr. Frey was much respected in his community and made many friends during his residence there.

FRY, Dominick, a veteran of the Civil War, who has lived in Springfield since 1872, was born in Baden, Germany, August 4, 1836, son of Frank and Mary (Leifer) Fry, both of whom spent their entire lives in Germany, as did the grandparents. Dominick Fry was reared and educated in his native country, and in 1850 emigrated to America, landing in New York. He worked first at gardening and later moved to Pennsylvania, where he was employed digging in an ore bank.

In October, 1861, Dominick Fry enlisted in Company H, Third Maryland Infantry, served two years and was discharged at Alexandria, from the hospital camp. In 1864, he re-enlisted in Company H, Two Hundredth Pennsylvania Infantry, and served to the close of the war. He was wounded at Antietam, and also participated in battles at Cedar Mountain, Culpeper, Bull Run, Fort Stedman, Fort Held, Petersburg, and many others. He endured many hardships, and feels reasonably proud of his record as a soldier. He was later transferred to the Fiftyfirst Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. During his first enlistment he served as Corporal. He was discharged in June, 1865.

Mr. Fry was married in Springfield, in 1870, to Miss Annie Wieties, who was born in Menard County, Il., March 8, 1859, daughter of Uffie Wieties, who was born in Germany and died in Springfield as did his wife, Minnie. Four children were born to Mr. Fry and his wife, namely: Minnie, born in Springfield, March 16, 1878, married William Reitz, of Springfield, and they have three children; Mary born in

Springfield, July 12, 1883, married Russell Reavely, and they live in Springfield; John, born in Springfield May 4, 1885, is unmarried and lives with his parents; Uffie, born in Springfield November 19, 1887, is unmarried and lives at home. Mr. Fry and his family have lived in the home which he owns, at No. 1928 North Eighth Street, for thirty years. He has three grandchildren - Grace, Blossom and Lee Wright. Mr. Fry is a member of the Lutheran Church, and in politics is a Republican. He served as a member of the Village Board of Ridgely, and was the first police officer of that village. He worked in the rolling mills from the time he located in Springfield until 1899, since which time he has been employed as janitor of the Ridgely School. Honest and upright in all his dealings, he has many warm friends.

FUDGE, Adam Thomas, retired carpenter and builder, and one of the men who are responsible for much of the good work on Springfield residences and public buildings, is living at his comfortable home at No. 413 West Canedy Street. He was born on a farm in Washington County, West Va., August 20, 1835, a son of Samuel and Elizabeth (McReynolds) Fudge, both natives of the same county as their son. The grandfather, Adam Fudge, was a soldier in the War of 1812, and served in defense of Baltimore. Locating in Washington County, Va., he died there. Both he and his wife were natives of Germany, and they had three children.

ily homestead. This he later sold, coming to Illinois with his family in 1840, settling on the Okaw River in what is now Shelby County, becoming the owner of 120 acres of land, forty of which was government land, and all in a somewhat wild condition. In 1847, he moved to Springfield, dying here in 1900, aged ninetyone years. His wife passed away when she was eighty-seven years old. There were seven children in their family: James went to Oregon when twenty-two years old, served as a pilot on the Columbia River and was killed in an explosion; Samuel H. died at the age of thirteen years; Adam Thomas; Eliza Jane married Harry Smith and died in 1901; Mary E., is now Mrs. Mary E. Raymond of Aurora; George W. of Decatur; Lucinda, now Mrs. James Vasconcelles of Springfield.

Adam Thomas Fudge attended school held in a log house, while living in Shelby County, and when he came to Springfield continued his studies, being then only twelve years old. A year later he became what is called "off boy" in a brick yard, following which he drove a team for his father until he was nineteen. At that time he began learning the carpenter trade with Morris & Phillips, remaining with them for four years, after which he engaged in contracting and building for himself. In time he

In 1858, Mr. Fudge married, in Springfield, Elizabeth Horton, a daughter of William Horton, a farmer. Mr. and Mrs. Fudge are con- Sistent members of the First Methodist Church, and in politics he is a strong Republican, in early life having been an old time Whig. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Fudge are: Elizabeth, died at the age of seventeen; Hannah, died at the age of fifteen; Samuel, of Jamestown, N. Dak.; Mary, Mrs. Henry Ebel, of Chicago; Thomas of Riverton, Ill, and Jessie Ethel, at home. Mr. Fudge is a man whose activities in former years entitle him to the rest he is now enjoying, and he uses some of his leisure in studying local conditions and giving the community the benefit of his investigations.

FUNDERBURK, William Braden. - The visitor to Sangamon County, Ill., invariably remarks upon the excellent appearance of the farms, the flourishing condition of the crops, the neat appearance of the buildings and the healthy look of the livestock. If the visitor be unacquainted with the business of farming, he is very apt to give credit to the excellence of the soil for this condition, not taking into consideration the years of toil, of study and experiment, and of hard, unremitting labor which have been put upon these farms before such results could be accomplished. He does not think of the long period that has elapsed since these farms were brought under cultivation nor of the more recent period when tiling, grading, ditching, crop rotation and even fertilizing were unknown and unheard of; or when the present farm machinery, the reapers, the mowers, harvesters and threshers, with their horse propelling power, their time and labor-saving devices, were something that even the most far-sighted never dreamed of. Yet such were the early conditions in Sangamon County, Ill., just as they have been in every other section of the country, where the land had to be reclaimed from the prairie or the forest, and the excellent conditions existing to-day are the result of hard, conscientious labor and unfailing energy on the part of those who tilled the soil before present scientific methods came into use.

William Braden Funderburk, one of the progressive agriculturists of Sangamon County, is carrying on operations along scientific lines on a fine 110-acre property, on Section 9, Cotton Hill Township. He was born in Cotton Hill Township, December 25, 1864, a son of Alford Newton and Emily Jane (Ward) Funderburk, farming people of Sangamon County where their lives were spent. Mr. Funderburk secured his educational training in the country schools of Sangamon County, and as a youth was always fond of out-of-door sports. His father was engaged in farming here, and reared his son to the life of an agriculturist,

Which the latter has always followed. His property is well fenced, his buildings in excellent condition and the farm, all in all, is one of the valuable properties of Cotton Hill Township. In his political belief Mr. Funderburk is a Republican, and his reputation for honesty and integrity, together with his personal popularity, has won him the vote of his fellow townsmen at various elections, and on numerous occasions he has been elected to positions of honor and trust. In 1900 he acted in the capacity of Census Taker. With his family Mr. Funderburk attends the Methodist Church. He is public-spirited to a high degree and can always be counted upon to give his support, both moral and financial, to those movements which he feels will be of benefit to his township or the community at large.

Mr. Funderburk was married April 9, 1903, at Glenarm, Sangamon County, Ill., to Miss Mary Elizabeth Lord. Mrs. Funderburk was born November 23, 1866, at Glenarm, which was also the birthplace of her father, Robert Jones Lord, born December 18, 1837, and of her mother, Sarah A. (Rupert) Lord, born March 20, 1850. To Mr. and Mrs. Funderburk have been born two children, both sons. Shelby Lord Funderburk, born June 23, 1906, at home, and Paul Rupert Funderburk, who was born May 15, 1904, but died July 8, 1907.

FUNKHOUSER, Charles Elbert. - Springfield is the home of some of the most reliable business men in the State, who have gradually developed through numerous experiences which have taught them self-reliance and economic habits. These men would be successful in almost any line of work, for they have the proper business sense, and are willing to devote themselves to the matter in hand untiringly and devotedly. One of these men is Charles Elbert Funkhouser, born near Terre Haute, Vigo County, Ind., October 18, 1861, a son of John G. and Mary (Hay) Funkhouser, natives of Virginia and Indiana, respectively. They were married in Vigo County, Ind., where the mother died in 1864, but the father's death occurred in Kansas in October, 1908. He was a farmer and a reliable, industrious man.

Charles E. Funkhouser attended the district schools of his native county until he was sixteen, when he stopped to give his services to his father, working on the latter's farm. This continued until he was twenty-one years old. At that time he went to Kansas and for eight years rented a farm. He then entered the employ of the Chicago, Peoria and St. Louis Railroad, returning to Illinois at that time. He remained in that position three years, leaving it to take a position with the Springfield Boiler Manufacturing Company works. Here he worked as an expert machinist for seven years, but at the expiration of that period went into business for himself. He has become prominent in civic matters, serving on the Board of Health, to which position he was elected on the Democratic ticket. He belongs to the American Order of Owls, being one of its charter members, and is liberal in his religious views, according to others the liberty he gives himself.

On February 12, 1888, Mr. Funkhouser was united in marriage with Miss Isabelle Leuts, who was born in Washington, Ind., a daughter of Seal Leuts. Mr. and Mrs. Funkhouser have these children: Verna May, wife of Roy McCune, a resident of Springfield, one child, Lloyd; John Cleveland, assistant book-keeper for the Springfield Mattress Company; and Joseph Edward, attending school. Mr. Funkhouser is one of the progressve men of the city who believes in good government and local improvements, and he has a number of warm personal friends, who know and appreciate him.

GADERT, John, who has been in business in the city of Springfield for the past twenty years, was born in Mondorf, Luxemburg, Germany, August 24, 1848, a son of Nicholas and Eva (Wiedert) Gadert, both natives of the same place. The father was a farmer and John Gadert was given early training in habits of industry. He received a very meager education, attending school little more than two years, and at an early age began earning his own way in the world. At first he worked about the house in various families, receiving his board and clothing as remuneration for his services. He came to the United States as a young man and subsequently located in Springfield. He was one of three children, the two others being daughters.

For twenty-seven years Mr. Gadert worked at the trade of machinist, being a good workman and skilled in this line. He was able to save from his wages and invested his earnings with such good judgment that he was eventually able to engage in business on his own account, and has been fairly successful. He owns a business corner at 3815-317 East Washington Street, Springfield, and a six-acre truck farm three and one-half miles south of the city. He is a member of the Roman Catholic Church and ready to support its good work. He is also a member of the Catholic Order of Foresters, which he joined in 1892, and of the Western Catholic Union, which he joined in 1887. In political views he is a Democrat. He is wellknown in the city, where he has lived some fifty-two years, and has many friends,

Mr. Gadert was married, in Springfield, April 9, 1874, to Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph Maurer, who was born in Baden, Germany, in 1850, and children as follows have been born to this union: John A., born June 10, 1875; Charles J., born November 27, 1876, died at the age of nine months and ten days; William H., born August 9, 1878; Florenz N., December 13, 1881; Eva M., born July 20, 1886, died at the age of seventeen years.

business life in the city He was born January 15, 1845, near Berlin, Germany, and received his education in his native land, there learning the trade of shoemaker. He is a son of John and Henrietta (Loze) Gaede, both born in Germany, who spent their entire lives in their native land. The father was a shoemaker and he and his wife had three sons and one daughter, those living, besides Charles W., being a son and daughter who reside in Germany.

Mr. Gaede followed the trade of a shoemaker until he was twenty years old, when he served a term in the German Army. In 1870 he came to the United States landing at New York City, thence came west to Ohio, a short time later to Springfield, Ill, and has since lived in that city or its immediate vicinity. He spent five years at farm work, since which time he has lived in the city. When he first came the Capital building was in process of construction, and he obtained work on it. For the past ten years he has been in the employ of Oak Ridge Cemetery Company. He erected his present home on Monument Avenue in 1872, and is well known in that part of the city where he has many warm friends. He is a member of the Lutheran Church and in politics is a parents lived and died in Germany, where she was born, in July, 1845. To them have been born five children: Gustie, wife of Charles Dallman, living in Minnesota; Bertha, wife of Sam Roberts, a mail-carrier of Springfield; Lena, wife of Frank Ahrens, a Lutheran Minister at Sabin, Minn.; Fred, living at home; and John, of Los Angeles, Cal. There are eight grandchildren in the family. Mr. Gaede is the owner of his residence and has been successful in his investments and other business ventures.