Milwaukee County, Wisconsin - The whole text, 1909 (part 4 of 35)

August C. Backus, recently elected as the district attorney of Milwaukee county, was born in Kewaskum. Washington county, Wis., April 24. 1877, and is the son of August F. and Caroline von Spigel Backus, the former born in Pomerania (Pommern), Ger- man}-, Feb. 25, 1837, and the latter in Dubuque, Iowa, May 1 1. 1853, both of whom are living. A parental great-grandfather named Re- Dnc. of French Huguenot extraction, was an officer in the German army and close to the crown in state matters. August 1'. Backus came to the L'nited States in 1852, locating in Milwaukee, where he remained for about two years, and then went to ECewaskum, Washington county, remaining there until he enlisted for service in the Civil war in 1863. He served with his command in Missouri. August C. was educated in the public schools of Kewaskum, and later was a student in the Oshkosh Normal School and the University of Wisconsin, taking special work at the last named institution, and was graduated from the college of law in 1900 with the degree of LL. B. fie was appointed state factory inspector by Governor La Follette and did the legal work for the Bureau of Labor, making a special study of the employment of child labor. During his four years' connection with the labor bureau his principal work was the taking of children out of the factories and putting them in the public schools. During the last year of his work he prosecuted 173 foremen and proprietors of factories, securing conviction in every case, and took out of the factories 4,460 children under fourteen years of age and saw them enrolled in the public schools. Work of this description speaks for itself and needs no comment. While with the labor department he was made chairman of the International Child Labor Committee by the International Association of State Factory Inspectors, which included representatives from all of the states of the Union, Canada, England and Mexico. After leaving the labor department he was appointed second assistant of the district attorney for Milwaukee county and after serving one year was promoted to the position of first assistant. The following year he was promoted to special assistant district attorney and as such took an active part in the prosecution of the graft and other criminal cases. Lpon the resignation of State Treasurer Kempf, in 1903, Mr. Backus, at that time only twenty-six years of age. was nominated by the Republican state central committee to succeed him. but declined the honor. Mr. Backus is a man of unusual energy, as may be shown by the fact that he began working for himself at the early age of fourteen, starting as a messenger boy at a salary of twelve dolfers per month. Fie has also the courage o\ his convictions, and his work both as a factory inspector and as assistant to the district attorney has brought him before the public in a light most favorable for his advancement at the present time when the people are demanding honest and fearless men in the administration of civil affairs. Fie has. without doubt, a brilliant and successful future before him. On Aug. 20. 1902. Mr. Backus was married to Miss Elizabeth Hausman. daughter of Dr. W. and Charlotte (Fleishman) Hausman, of Kewaskum, and they have three children, namely : Charlotte, Lucile and August Charles. The family belongs to the Lutheran church and Mr. Backus is a member also of the Milwaukee County and the State liar associations, to the University of AVisconsin Alumni Association and to the Milwaukee

Athletic Club. Mr. B. was nominated for the office of district attorney of Milwaukee county on the Republican ticket at the primary election held Sept. I, 1908, and at the November election was successful, receiving a plurality of more than 3,500.

Rev. William Haberstock, pastor of the Holy Trinity (Catholic) church of Milwaukee, was born in that city on Feb. 4, 1856. His parents were Balthasar and Catherine (Berg) Haberstock, both natives of Nassau, Germany, the former of whom died in 1877 and the latter is still living. The mother came to the United States with her parents in 1844, locating in Milwaukee, and the father came in 1850. He was a shoemaker by trade, and spent all of his life, after coming to America, in the city except about five years, during which he lived in Elm Grove. The son was baptized in the church of which he is now pastor, obtained his early education in the parochial school of the parish, and spent one year at St. Gall's Academy. Later he was a one-year student at St. John's University, Collegeville, Minn. He entered St. Francis Seminary in 1869, and remained there for five years. He then entered St. John's University and there spent one year in the study of philosophy, after which he returned to St. Francis, and after completing his course of theology, was ordained by Bishop Heiss, of La Crosse, in 1879, on Passion Sunday. He said his first mass at Holy Trinity church on Easter Sunday following. He served for a few weeks as substitute rector at Cross Plains, Wis., and for a few more as assistant priest at Newcastle (now Campbellsport), Fond du Lac county, Wis., and was then located for two years at St. Mary's church, Silver Creek, near Random Lake, and the following six years was rector of St. Mary's at Seymour, LaFayette county. Two years were spent at St. Mary's, at Marytown, Fond du Lac county, and May 19, 1889, he went to St. Mary's, at Elm Grove, remaining until July 26, 1906, when he was appointed rector of Holy Trinity church. The parish numbers about 400 families, and there are 350 pupils in the parochial school under the charge of one male teacher and seven sisters. The church, erected in 1849, the same year that the parish was organized, is of brick and has a seating capacity of 660. The buildings belonging to the parish include, beside the church, two school buildings, a parsonage, teachers' house and janitor's house. The church has a pipe organ and clock and chime of three bells. Father Haberstock is a member of the Catholic Knights of Wisconsin and of the Family Aid Association.

Martin S. Cyborowski, the efficient and popular secretary of the Kuryer Publishing Company, was born in Poland on Nov. 11, 1865, a son of Andrew and Catherine (Wetzel) Cyborowski. Both parents were born in Poland, the father in 1833 and the mother in 1838. The father was a tailor by trade, who brought his family to America in 1866, and located at Waukesha, Wis. The first year of his life in the new country he was engaged in farming, and then turned to follow his trade. When he gave up farming he came to Milwaukee and opened a tailoring establishment of his own. He did no1 remain long at this work, however, but entered the employ of the David Adler Clothing Company. He continued his connection with this firm for a period of twenty-five years, and then retired to enjoy a well earned respite from active labor. Of the eight children born to him but three, two sons and a daughter, are now living. He has seen many phases of life, among them a period of service as a soldier in the German army. Martin S. Cyborowski, the eldest of his father's family, received his educational training in the public and parochial schools of Milwaukee. Being of an ambitious turn, he was not content with the knowledge gained in these institutions and after he had been at work for some time he devoted his evenings to attending night school. His first labors were as a delivery boy and clerk for a grocery, but not seeing any opportunity for advancement in that line, he left it and learned the printer's trade. His apprenticeship started in 1881 on the Polish paper Przyjaciel Ludu (People's Friend). He mastered the trade step by step and was at different times connected with the composing departments of the Herold, the Sentinel and the Evening Wisconsin. For four years he was employed at his trade in Chicago. In 1892 he started a daily paper called the Telegraf, in Chicago, but on account of lack of financial support the publication was suspended, the plant was sold and the paper continued as a weekly publication. In 1893 he began his connection with the Kuryer Publishing Company, whose editor and president was Mr. Kruszka. Besides being a stockholder and having charge of the mechanical part of the paper, which today has the largest circulation of any paper of its kind in the city, Mr. Cyborowski is secretary of the company. In politics Mr. Cyborowski is an active Republican and has done much to bring about the success of his party in the past few years. In 1899 he held the position of custodian during the session of the legislature in Madison. His religious associations are with the (Polish Cyril and Methodius church. Fraternally he is prominent as a member of the Catholic Order of Foresters, acting as secretary of his court 'and also as deputy chief ranger, and he is also actively identified with the Polish National Alliance. On May 11, 1892, occurred Mr. Cyborowski's marriage to Miss Wanda Wazbinski, a native of Poland, who was reared in Chicago. To this union was born, on April 10, 1893, a son, Edwin.

Adolph Frederick, an aspiring and promising young musician of Milwaukee, was born in that city on Feb. 9, 1882, being the son of Garfield and Alvina Frederick, both natives of Germany, the former born there in 1843 and the latter in 1845. The father served three years in the German army, participating in the Franco-Prussian war, and being present and engaged in the siege of Paris. Himself and wife came to the United States and to Milwaukee about 1871, where they were blest with six children, four daughters and two sons, all of whom are living except a son, who died in 1893. Adolph Frederick received his early education in the public schools of Milwaukee and spent some time attending the high school. Being gifted with musical talent of a very high order, he was sent to Berlin and Paris to study his art under the guidance of the great masters of the piano in the old world. He made two trips to Europe and spent three years there, one of his instructors being the world renowned Godowsky. He returned to Milwaukee in March, 1907, and is now engaged in teaching the piano, in which vocation he is meeting with marked success. He has given two concerts, which were well received and applauded by the public, hence it is his intention to prepare himself for a musical director's work, as he has had several flattering offers already in this line. He has attained remarkable success thus far, for he is quite a young man yet, and those who know him best and are competent to pass upon his qualification, critics and newspapers, are enthusiastic in his praise and expect great results from him in the not distant future. He takes great pride in his linguistic accomplishments, as he speaks fluently English. German, French and Italian.

John F. Helm, one of the prominent German pioneer settlers of Milwaukee, and for many years an active and successful business man of the city, was born in Charchow, near Camin, Germany, Feb. 25, 1839, the son of David and Caroline Helm. His parents were born and reared in the same part of Germany, where David Helm was an extensive farmer. In the year 1839 he started for America with his family, consisting of his wife and two children : John F. and his sister Minnie. During the slow and tedious voyage, which lasted three months, Mr. Helm contracted a fatal illness and died at sea. When his widow and orphaned children finally landed at New York city they proceeded directly west to Milwaukee. The territory of Wisconsin was then little more than an unbroken wilderness, and the whole region about Milwaukee was very sparsely settled. The widow secured eighty acres of wild land in Ozaukee county, erected a log cabin and some rude outbuildings on the same, and started in to clear and improve her farm. She contracted a second marriage in 1841 with Joachim Wilde, a native of the same part of Germany from which she had come, and it was not many years before Mr. and Mrs. Wilde had brought their wild land to a high state of cultivation. They both continued to reside on the farm up to the time of their death. Our subject's mother had two children by her second marriage, Frank and Mary, both of whom are now deceased. Amid the rude pioneer surroundings of those early days John F. had only a limited opportunity to attend school, but he managed to acquire some book learning through his own efforts. He began to earn his own living when he was a lad of sixteen years, and was employed in hotel service for some time. In 1854 he went to Chicago, 111., where he worked until 1856, and then came to Milwaukee and embarked in the grocery business in the Second ward. He was thus engaged until i860, and then disposed of his grocery-store interests and entered the employ of John F. Leu, a hardware merchant, for whom he worked some fourteen years. Tn 1874 he embarked in the hardware business on his own account at No. 650 Third street, and conducted a lucrative and prosfus business at this location until 1895, when he disposed of his hardware store and retired from active business. During the vears of his business activity he also dealt to some extent in real estate. Mr. Helm has always been allied with the Republican party in politics, but has never sought or held public office, lie has a sincere and abiding Christian faith and is a devoted and active member of St. Mark's Lutheran church, of which he is one of the most liberal supporters. As one of the very early settlers of Milwaukee he takes a warm interest in the gatherings of the Old Settlers' Club, of which he is an active member. He was united in marriage on Oct. 18, 1874, to Miss Alvina Matilda, daughter of William Dumstrey, of Gristoa, near Camin, Germany, who died on Aug. 12, 1897. Mr. Helm has no children and makes his home at 760 Buffum street with his legally adopted daughter, Mrs. R. G. YVendland. Mr. Helm adopted four children: Robert, located in Chicago; George Dumstrey, deceased ; Mamie Pfeil, now Mrs. Wendland, and Ella Wilson, deceased.

Rudolph Anton Kielpinski, pastor of St. Mary's church, of Czestochowa, and former assistant pastor of St. Hedwig's, is a native of Poland and was born on Sept. 25, 1875. His parents, Paul and Anna (Guerke) Kielpinski, born June 27, 1847, an<^ Sept. 30, 1852, respectively, are both still living, but are residents of Germany. The former was born in Poland and the latter in the adjoining province of Silesia. The father has been a game warden for forty years. One brother, Frank, served for ten years in the German army and is now' engaged as secretary and bookkeeper. Rudolph A. attended the parochial schools for eight years and was then six years under private instruction. Two years were spent in the Berlin Gymnasium and one in the Belgium Seminary of Philosophy, and in 1899 ne came to America, remaining for a time at St. Meinrad, Ind., and in 1900 coming to St. Francis, where he spent three years; was ordained by Bishop Schwebach, of La Crosse, June 22, 1903, and celebrated his first mass at the church of St. Cyril Methodius, Milwaukee, on June 28 following. He was assigned at once to St. Lledwig's church as assistant, his work being entirely parochial. In May, 1907, he organized the new parish of St. Mary's, of Czestochowra, among the Polish inhabitants on the north side of the city, and it now includes 225 families. A building which will serve the double purpose of church and school is now in process of construction.

Rev. Anthony F. Michels, spiritual director of St. Joseph's Convent, of Milwaukee, was born at Holsthum, German}', Sept. 25, 1840. His parents, now both deceased, were natives of the same country. The father, Bartholomew, was born at Gerolstein and the mother, Margaret (Weber) Michels. at Oberehe. The father was for thirty years a teacher in the public school of Holsthum. Teaching was a favorite profession in the family, two sisters, two brothers and three nieces following that line. Lev. A. F. Michels received his early education in his native land, immigrating to the United States in 1857. when he was about seventeen years of age. Here he entered the seminary of St. Francis, in which he was ordained on Aug. 12, 1868. He celebrated his first holy mass in St.

Nicholas' church at Decada, Sheboygan county, Wis., Aug. 15, 1868. The parish of St. Mathias (Beloit road), Milwaukee county, was the first field for his labors. Then the parish of St. Boniface at Richfield, Washington county, from where he was transferred to the Teachers' Normal School at St. Francis, Milwaukee county. Subsequently he was appointed pastor of St. Lawrence's church and chaplain of St. Colettas' Convent, near Jefferson, Jefferson county, and then assigned to St. Mathews, at New Cassel, Fond du Lac county, where he founded a home for the school sisters of St. Francis. Resigning as pastor of St. Mathews, he was appointed spiritual director of these sisters, holding this position now over thirty-five years. His home is at St. Joseph's Convent, Greenfield and Washington avenues, Milwaukee, the mother house of the school sisters of St. Francis.

Hygin Florian Kupka, of Milwaukee, assistant pastor of the Church of St. Vincent's (Catholic), was born in Silesia, a province of Germany, on April 24, 1873. His parents, now both deceased, were John and Paulina (Rokus) Kupka, both natives of the same province. A number of the near relatives of Rev. H. F. Kupka were military men and several were officers, one serving as an officer in the war between Germany and France - 1870-71. Hygin F., of this sketch, was educated in the public schools of Germany and studied architecture at Bauerwitz, Germany, and then went to Rome, Italy, where he entered the school of the Society of the Divine Savior, studying theology in the St. Gregory's University of Rome, and he was ordained at Trent, Austria, by Bishop Valussi, July 6, 1902, and officiated at his first mass on July 13 at Matzkirch, Silesia. He returned to Rome and pursued his theological studies for another year and then came to the Lnited States, becoming pastor at St. Nazianz, Manitowoc county, where he remained three years, and then came to Milwaukee, where he was assistant at the Church of St. Stanislaus for a short time, and on Jan. 1, 1907, was transferred to his present position.

Francis Joseph Cytronowski, assistant pastor of the Church of St. Stanislaus, Milwaukee, was born and reared in Polish Prussia (Silesia), his parents, Emil and Josephine (Schiwietz) Cytronowski, both being natives of the same province. Francis J., born Sept. 16, 1878, was educated in the public schools and gymnasium of his native land and later became a student in the LTniversity of Fribourg, Switzerland, and after graduation was ordained at Sion (German, Sitten), canton of Valais, Switzerland, by the Rt. Rev. Bishop Abbet, on Dec. 14, 1902, and officiated at his first mass two days later in the chapel of St. Canisius, Fribourg, Switzerland. Coming to the United States on May 17, 1903, he located in Milwaukee, where he was first appointed to the position of assistant in the church of St. Josaphat, and later to a similar post of duty in the Church of Si. Casimir, where he remained for three and one-half years, in March, 1007. being transferred to St. Stanislaus. He is a young man of ability and admirably adapted to his work among his countrymen located in the metropolis of the state.

Biographical Ioq

Felix Anthony Goral, assistant pastor of the Church of St. 1 1 vacinth, Milwaukee, is a native of the Badger State, having been born at Grand Rapids, Wood county, Wis., Nov. 20, 1881. His parents, Casimir Joseph and Mary (Piszczek) Goral, were both born in Polish Prussia, and the former is still living, but the latter died in 1894. The parents came to this country about 1880, and were first occupied with farming, but later removed to Milwaukee, where Mr. Goral is now proprietor of a restaurant. Rev. Boleslaus E. Goral, professor of Polish and other languages and of philosophy at St. Francis Seminary, is a cousin of Rev. F. A. Goral of this sketch, and Rev. Joseph Goral, another cousin, is rector of a college in the province of Galicia, Austria, and is also engaged in missionary work at that place. Felix A. spent his earlier years in the parochial schools and later attended the Polish Seminary of Detroit, where he completed the classical course. Returning to Wisconsin, he entered the Seminary of St. Francis, and there studied philosophy and theology, and on June 18, 1900, was ordained to the priesthood and said his first mass on June 25, following, at the Church of St. Josaphat. He was first appointed assistant pastor at St. Casimir, and on March 11, 1907, was transferred to a similar position in the Church of St. Hyacinth, where he is at present. This is one of the large and important churches and is elsewhere described in connection with the sketch of Rt. Rev. Mnsgr. H. Gulski. While in the seminary Rev. Father Goral was much interested in oratory and dramatics and belonged to the St. Stanislaus Literary and Debating Society, and was also prominent in the athletics of the institution.

Anthony Mathias Erz, assistant pastor of St. Anthony's church, Milwaukee, was born in that city Oct. 27, 1879. His father, Frederick Erz, is a native of Hessen-Darmstadt, Germany, and came to Milwaukee in 1872, where he carried on the business of a wholesale dealer in wines and liquors. He married, in Milwaukee, Mary Seyfried, whose father was one of the pioneer settlers of the city, and a contemporary of Solomon Juneau. He located on the South Side, and was for a long period a member of the firm of Schroeder & Seyfried, lumber dealers. Mrs. Erz was born in Milwaukee and died there in 1902. but her husband is still living and resides in the city. Rev. A. M. Erz was educated first in the St. Francis parochial schools and later in Marquette College and St. Francis Seminary, and was ordained to the priesthood by Bishop J. J. Fox on June 10, 1906, and said his first mass on June 24, following, at St. Francis church, Mihvaukee. After his ordination he came directly to St. Anthony's church, where he has since been engaged in church and parochial work. While in the seminary he was a member of the German Debating Society and is now a member of St. Michael's Society of St. Anthony's Church Family Protective Association of Wisconsin.

Peter Kilian Flasch, assistant pastor of the Church of St. Anthony, Milwaukee, was born at St. Kilian. Fond du Lac county, A\ is., Jan. 12. 1881. His paternal grandparents came to this country from Germany about 1847. driving through from Milwaukee with an ox-team, and they settled on a farm in Fond du Lac county, where Kilian Flasch, the father of Rev. P. K. Flasch, of this sketch, was born and reared, he becoming a well known and popular merchant of St. Kilian and a very successful business man. His death occurred in 1887. His wife, before her marriage Catherine Schumacher, was born in Eischen, Luxemburg, and is still living. Kilian C, paternal granduncle of Father Flasch, also belonged to the priesthood, and when Bishop Heiss was promoted to the archbishopric of Milwaukee succeeded him as Bishop of La Crosse, and occupied that position until his death on Aug. 3, 1891. An uncle by marriage, Michael A. Jacobs, of Beaver Dam, was elected state senator in 1899 and served four years. The ancestry on both sides of the family can be traced back for a long period, and the names are not unknown to history. Peter K. was educated in the parochial schools in his early youth and later, in 1896, entered St. Francis Seminary, remaining there in preparation for his work until his ordination by Bishop Fox in 1906. He entered the priesthood on June 10, said his first mass on June 19, following, and was appointed assistant pastor of St. Michael's church, Milwaukee, remaining for one year, when he was transferred to his. present position. While in the seminary he took a prominent part in oratorical contests and dramatic productions, and was also active in athletic sports, base ball being his favorite game. He is a member of St. Michael's Society, a parish organization, and is director of the same, which is a dramatic association. Rev. Father Flasch is a young man admirably fitted for his responsible and varied duties and has every prospect of becoming an important factor in the councils of his church. He is a member of the St. Boniface, St. Thomas and St. Albertus societies at St. Francis Seminary, and is also a member of ''The Saengerbund'' and St. Cecilia Society.

Anthony Pradzynski, rector of St. Casimir's Catholic church, Milwaukee, is a native of the city where he now occupies so prominent a position in religious circles. His parents, Stephen and Johanna (Senger) Pradzynski, were both born in Poland and immigrated to the United States in 1862, coming directly to Wisconsin and locating in Milwaukee. The mother died in 1900 and the father is now retired from the cares of active life. Anthony received his early education partly in the public and partly in the parochial schools in Berlin, Muscoda and Highland, Wis., and took his college and theological training at the Seminary of St. Francis, near Milwaukee. He was ordained to the priesthood by Bishop Heiss, June 24, 1889, anfl two days later said his first mass at the Church of St. Stanislaus. Berlin, Wis. He was sent first to the Church of St. Hyacinth, Milwaukee, where he remained for over twelve years, and although offered other parishes, he declined to change until compelled by the archbishop to accept the charge of St. Josaphat in i' 00. This church he resigned, but Bishop Messmer did not accept his resignation, and he remained in charge until 1907, when, on Jan. 6, he was offer* d the St. Casimir's church, which he accepted, and was transferred to that charge. It is one of the largest parishes in

<>;<>. and are under the instruction of fifteen sisters. The church property includes the church, school-house, rectory and sisters' house, and its value approximates $150,000. The buildings are all of brick, and the church is a beautiful specimen of architectural work, both without and within. The organ cost $5,500 and the church has a beautiful altar, a tine church clock and two bells, one of them quite large. The parish is in a very prosperous condition; there remains some debt, but it is being rapidly paid off, and conditions are excellent, considering that the parish is but thirteen years old. The pastor, by virtue of his position, is the presiding officer of the St. Casimir Trinity and St. Stanislaus societies, all large and flourishing parish organizations.

Michael Joseph Domachowski, pastor of St. Adalbert's Catholic church, Milwaukee, born in West Prussia, Sept. 29, 1875, came with his parents, Jacob and Mary (Radomska) Domachowski, to Milwaukee in 1 881. His parents were also natives of West Prussia and the father was a carpenter by trade, retired since 1902, and still residing in Milwaukee. He served in the German army, as all young men are required to do in that country. The parochial schools furnished the educational training for Father Domachowski's earlier years, and he then became a student at Marquette University, in which he received the degree of A. B. in 1898, and by post-graduate work the degree of A. M. in 1900. His theological training was obtained at St. Francis Seminary, and he was ordained to the priesthood by Bishop Eis, June 22, 1902, and celebrated his first mass on June 29, following, at St. Hyacinth's church, Milwaukee. He was at that time appointed assistant pastor and has since filled that position most acceptably. His especial work is among the young men of the parish, although he gives assistance in all departments as occasion requires. He was prominent in athletics during his college life ; was captain of the football team in 1898. played four years on the senior team of Marquette and was also a baseball player. He ranked third in orator}- and participated in a number of important debates. He was the president of the literary society of St. Hyacinth's church and belongs also to the Polish organization of sharpshooters and to the Sakol Society, a Polish athletic association, and also to the Knights of Columbus.

Francis Robert Czerwinski, assistant pastor of St. Josaphat's Catholic church, Milwaukee, is a native of the city where he now labors, and was born on March 31, 1882. Mis paternal grandfather was the foreman on a large estate in Poland and had a great reputation as a sharpshooter. His parents, John Joseph and Micaelina ( Bronkalla) Czerwinski, both natives of Poland, were born on Aug. to. 1844, and Sept. 24, 1842, respectively. They came to the United States in 1 868. and located in Milwaukee. The father was in his native land the game warden on a large estate, but after coming to America followed the occupation of wood-carver and carpenter. He is a prominent factor in the local politics of the South Side, served as county coroner of Milwaukee county from 1886 to 1888 and was also supervisor from the Twelfth ward of the city from 1894 until 1902. His influence among his countrymen on the South Side is very large, and he is consulted by many of the people of that vicinity on matters of importance. He has now retired from active life, and with his wife is passing his declining years in a comfortable home, and respected and honored by a large circle of friends and acquaintances. One son, Martin J., was sergeant in Company B (now Company K) in the National Guard, serving" for three years. Francis R. acquired his early education in the parochial schools of the city and then entered Marquette College and subsequently St. Francis Seminary, where he was ordained on June 23, 1907, by Bishop Messmer and celebrated his first mass at the Church of St. Stanislaus, Milwaukee, on July 2, following, and was appointed as assistant pastor in the Church of St. Josaphat, elsewhere mentioned. Rev. Father Czerwinski's college record shows the healthy and normal development of what is termed "an all-round man." He was very prominent in the college athletics - football, baseball, bowling, etc., and during his course held all the offices of the Athletic Association ; he was also director of the choir for three years and a recognized leader in this line also ; he took the prize for oratory in Marquette College, and also ranked first in oratory at St. Francis Seminary. In general class work he was one of the four who held the highest records, these four having exactly the same standing, and was the director of the boys at St. Francis in the production of classic works for five years, taking the leading roles in these dramatic performances. His: versatility, supplemented by his careful and thorough preparation for his work, is already recognized by his appointment to a responsible position in a large and important church, where his ability for usefulness will be given the widest opportunities.

Joseph Clement Knitter, pastor of St. Josaphat's Catholic church, in Milwaukee, is a native of Kruszyn, Coeln, Western Prussia, and was born on Nov. 24, 1879, coming to this country with his parents in 1888. He was educated in St. Hedwig's parochial school, Milwaukee, and later entered Marquette University, in which he was graduated in 1900 with the degree of A. B., and from the same institution received, in 1902, the degree of A. M. He was ordained from St. Francis, June 19, 1904, by Bishop Messmer, and said his first mass at St. Casimir, Milwaukee, June 26, 1904. His first appointment was that of administrator at St. Vincent's church, Milwaukee, and his duty was to take charge during the illness of the pastor. After remaining there eight months he was appointed assistant pastor of St. Josaphat's, the largest Polish church in the Northwest, and so served from March I, 1905, until Jan. 1, 1907, being made at the latter date, the pastor of the same church, and i- now officiating as such. There arc in this parish between 1,700 and 1,800 families, and it is the largest parish in the Northwest with the exception of one in Chicago. Six thousand persons take communion at Faster time. There are 1,700 children in the parish school, which is the largest number that can be accommodated. St. Josaphat's church, which is built of the stone from the old Chicago postoffice, and, begun in 1894, was finished in 1901, has an ordinary seating capacity of 2,200, but has held upon occasions as many as 5,000 at one time. The church property is worth about $100,000; the organ cost $10,000, but could not be rebuilt at the present time for less than $15,000.- Briellmaier & Sons were the architects of the church. Rev. Father Knitter has as assistant pastors Rev. Casimir Olszenski and Rev. Francis Cyerwinski. Father Knitter belongs to the Catholic fraternity, the Knights of Columbus. His parents are Roman Alexander and Mary (Bielawska) Knitter, both natives of the same place, where their son was born, and are both living. The former was born in 1853 and the latter in 185 1. The father came directly to Milwaukee upon his immigration to the United States, and is a machinist by trade. The paternal grandfather was for many years a teacher in Prussia.

Chauncey William Yockey, attorney, Milwaukee, is a descendant of Wisconsin pioneers, his paternal grandparents, natives of New York, coming to Wisconsin at a very early day. His father, William H. Yockey, was born in Milwaukee, May 2, 1853, and has been with the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad Company for over thirty years. He is a graduate of the engineering department of Syracuse (N. Y.) University, and helped to build the railroad between Ishpeming and Escanaba, Mich. Ella McHugh (Mrs. William H.) Yockey was born in Fond du Lac, Wis., Oct. 12, 1859, and is the daughter of Patrick McHugh, who enlisted on Aug. 30, 1862, in Company E, Seventeenth Wisconsin infantry. He was wounded on May 19, 1863, and was mustered out on June 2, 1865. Pie was also one of the contractors who built the Air Line, now the Northwestern Railway, between Fond du Lac and Milwaukee. Chauneey W. Yockey was born at Waupun, Wis., and was educated in the public and private schools and at St. Mary's College, Dayton, Ohio, in which he was graduated in 1895 with the degree of A. B. He further pursued his studies at the University of Notre Dame, Ind., where he received the degree of LL. B. in 1901. After graduation he came to Milwaukee and began the practice of his profession, which he has conducted alone, and has been particularly successful in vigorously prosecuting "loan sharks" for various clients and has been instrumental in obtaining money paid out at usurious rates of interest. He also became prominent as the attorney for the messenger boys in their strike of 1903. Mr. Yockey is a Republican and was elected alderman from the Seventh ward of Milwaukee, a ward that represents more wealth than any other in the state. He was the youngest member of the council and probably the most fearless, maintaining the rights of the people without regard to the effect of his actions upon his own political future. Among the points maintained in favor of popular rights was his opposition to appointive offices, believing that the city officials should be selected by the people whose affairs they manage and whose money they expend ; he also opposed the executive session of the committees, and guarded in every possible way against the surrender of the sovereign rights of the people. He settled the question of the collection of ashes under a general tax of the city showing that it was permissible under the ordinance, although the law had been declared invalid under the city charter. He is chairman of the railroad committee and vice-chairman of the judiciary and legislative committees and a member of the committees on public building, grounds and harbor of the common council. Mr. Yockey takes a prominent part in local politics, winning the primary nomination for the legislature from the Sixth district, and is a popular and promising young attorney. He is the Deputy Grand Knight of the Knights of Columbus, a member of the Improved Order of Red Men. Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Milwaukee Athletic Club and president of the Cathedral Athletic Club. He is unmarried and is a member of the Roman Catholic church.

Allen Jacob Schlaefer, D. D. S., prominent as a young dentist of the Cream City, was born in the town of Germantown, Washington county, Wis., on June 15, 1881. He is a son of Andrew L. and Mary E. (Keeler) Schlaefer, the former a native of AVashington count}' and the latter of Pennsylvania. The paternal grandfather, Jacob Schlaefer, was born in Germany and came to Washington county early in his life. Pie was engaged in farming all during his life. The maternal grandfather, Joshua Keeler, brought his family from Pennsylvania to Washington county, and is now an honored resident of Granville. Andrew L. Schlaefer was a carpenter by vocation, but in later life turned to agricultural pursuits, in which he is now engaged. Both father and mother are members of the Evangelical church. Of the six children born to them five are now living. Dr. Schlaefer received his primary educational advantages in the public schools of Washington county, and completed the high school course. His professional training started with a course in the dental department of the Milwaukee Medical College. He spent one year as a student in the Chicago College of Dental Surgery, and then returned to Milwaukee to complete his course. On May 20, 1905. the faculty of Marquette University granted him the degree of Doctor of Dental Science, and soon afterward he opened an office for the practice of his profession. His excellent equipment for the work and his thorough knowledge of the details of the profession soon won for him a fine class of patients, which has been increasing in number every year. Dr. Schlaefer is a stanch member of the Prohibition part\-, believing that the suppression of the liquor traffic is the dominant issue in our national life. Plis church relations are with the Evangelical society and he is one of the most loyal and earnest workers in the church. In a fraternal and social way Dr. Schlaefer is identified with the Marquette Alumni Association, the Gcgenseitige L nterstuetzungs Gesellschaft and others. On July 25, [906, Dr. Schlaefer was united in marriage to Miss Laura C. Meininger, a daughter of Lewis and Mary Meininger, of Waukesha, Wis. Mr. Meininger is deceased, but his widow is now a respected resident of Ludington, Mich.

J. Edward Hess, D. D. S., one of the younger dentists of the city, was born in Hartford, Washington county, Wis., on April 19, 1879, and is a son of George N. and Anna Barbara (Huels) Hess. The father is a native of Brooklyn, N. Y., and the mother of Dodge county. The paternal grandparents, Fred and Barbara Hess, came to Illinois from New York. The grandfather died in Illinois, but his widow is living and is now a respected resident of Nebraska. The maternal grandparents, John and Barbara (Orels) Huels, came to Milwaukee early in its history from Germany, but later lived in other sections of the state. Both died in Hartford. Huelsburg, in Dodge county, this state, is named in honor of Mr. Huels. He was a man of many attainments, being a homeopathic physician of exceptional skill beside doing a large mercantile business. He was the founder of the Hartford brewery. George N. Hess, the father, was a hardware merchant for many years, first in Peru, 111., and later in Hartford. He retired from active participation in business in 1900 and purchased a home at 705 Thirty-third street, where he and his wife are now living. He has always been a Republican in his political belief and is a communicant of the Lutheran church. Of the three children born to the parents two survive. Amanda, the daughter, is secretary and a stockholder in the Krahn Manufacturing Company. Dr. Hess obtained his primary educational advantages in the public and parochial schools of Washington county and the Spencerian Business College of Milwaukee. He went to Chicago to obtain his professional training, taking the dental course in Northwestern University, and on May 1, 1902, was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Dental Science. He at once located in Milwaukee, and has since been engaged in practice. His excellent training and his inherent technical skill have won for him a place in the first ranks of his profession, and his patronage has increased from year to year until now he does a flourishing business. In politics Dr. Hess is allied with the Republican party, but has never aspired to public office. He was reared in the Lutheran faith, and is now a devout communicant of that faith. While a student he became a member of the Psi Omega dental fraternity and is prominently identified at the present time with Harmony Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, Wisconsin Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, the Knights of Pythias and the Modern Woodmen of America. On July 16, 1908, Dr. Hess was united in marriage to Miss Cora Krause, a daughter of H. A. Krause, of Racine.

Elias H. Bottum, born in New Haven, Addison county, Vermont, is a descendant of an old colonial family, the first representatives in America having come to the Connecticut colony in 1670. The name was originally Winterbottum, but some disagreement having arisen between the two brothers who settled at Saybrook, the name was changed by an act of the general court, one taking the name of Winter and the other that of Bottum. For a century the family remained in Connecticut and Massachusetts, but shortly before the Revolutionary war Simon Bottum removed from Lanesborough, Mass., to Shaftsbury, Bennington county, Vermont, where he owned a large tract of land. He took part in the Revolution as captain of a volunteer company and fought in the battle of Bennington. His son, Elias, moved to Addison county, Vermont, where he was also a large landowner, a prosperous and influential farmer and a county judge and member of the Vermont senate. His son, Elias S. Bottum, who married Mary M. Hoyt, a highly educated and cultured woman, was the father of Elias H. of this sketch. The former was a prosperous and intelligent farmer, his large estate in Addison county having been in possession of the family since 1750. He died at the age of fifty-six years. Elias H. Bottum, born Feb. 28, 1850, was brought up on a farm, but his delicate health in early childhood prevented him from taking the usual scholastic training of the country lad, and much of his education was the result of reading at home, a practice for which he early evinced a fondness and which was encouraged by his parents. That his irregular method of education was not to his disadvantage is shown by the fact that when improved health permitted him to enter the Kimball Union Academy at Meriden about the age of fifteen, he passed rapidly through the course of stud}^ of that institution and was graduated from the Middlebury College at Middlebury, Vt., when he was twenty-one years of age. After graduation he went to New York city and began reading law in the office of the distinguished firm of Evarts, Southmayd & Choate, and later continued his legal studies in Columbia (now George Washington) University, at AVashington, D. C, and was graduated from the law department in 1873. After careful consideration Mr. Bottum decided that Milwaukee presented a promising field for the legal practitioner, and in company with a former classmate, Walter E. Howard, later professor of political economy in Middlebury College, he opened an office in that city. The partnership was dissolved the following year by the return of Mr. Howard to the east. In 1878 he formed a partnership with James G. Flanders, and ten years later that firm was consolidated with that of Winkler, Smith & Vilas. While Mr. Bottum in his earlier practice engaged in general legal work, the formation of the larger firm enabled each member to give particular attention to that branch of it for which his natural ability and training particularly fitted him, and Mr. Bottum has given much attention to patent cases and ranks among the best patent attorneys in the Middle West. This line of practice has led him into fields of study in mechanics, engineering, chemistry and the allied branches, which lie outside of the domain of the general practitioner, and he has become an authority in cases where such expert knowledge is necessary. While he has always supported the Republican party, his professional life has left small leisure for participation in practical politics, and he has never cared to assume the cares of political office. In the Masonic circles he ranks high, being a member of the lodge, chapter and commandery of that order. He was married on Oct. 17, 1876. at Schuyler Falls. X. Y., to Miss Caroline M. Bailey, daughter of the Rev. Augustus F. Bailey, and to the union one daughter, now Mrs. Morris F. Benton, was born.

Filip A. Forsbeck, M. D., is one of the younger physicians of the city of Milwaukee in years and experience, but he already has taken a high place in the professional ranks and is recognized as one of extraordinary promise. Dr. Forsbeck was born in Linkoping, Sweden, Feb. 8, 1873, son of Frederick A. and Charlotte (Carlson ) Forsbeck, the former of whom was also a native of Linkoping, born Aug. 5, 1814, and the mother was born in Westervik, Sweden, Nov. 9, 1S48. The father was the owner of a large estate in Sweden and also served as provincial forester, that is he had charge of private property belonging to the king and the government. He also served for many years as a member of Congress in Sweden. He died in 1889, but his widow still survives. Filip A. Forsbeck, to whom this review is particularly dedicated, was educated in the academy in his native town of Linkoping. and he migrated to America in 1891, selecting Milwaukee as his place of residence. Soon after locating here he entered the Hahnemann Medical College at Chicago and graduated from that institution with the class of 1895. He then served as house surgeon in the Hahnemann Hospital at Chicago one year, after which he returned to Milwaukee and began the practice of his profession, specializing in surgery from the beginning. He is on the medical staff of both St. Mary's and Emergency hospitals, and is the incumbent of the position of trustee of the latter institution. Among the fraternal societies and professional associations with which he is affiliated are the Milwaukee Academy of Medicine, the Homeopathic Medical Society of Wisconsin, the American Institute of Homeopathy, the Illinois Homeopathic Medical Association ; and he is an honorary member of the Wisconsin Eclectic Medical Society. He is an ex-member of the Wisconsin Board of Medical Examiners, during the incumbency of which position he served as secretary of the board, and he was the founder and assistant editor of the Medical Magazine. He is a Thirty-second Degree Mason. Dr. Forsbeck was married on Sept. 19, 1898, the lady of his choice being Miss Edith Nyman, of Linkoping, Sweden, daughter of O. A. and Selma (Cassel) Nyman, natives of the same place. To this union there have been born three children, of whom Brita Elizabeth, the eldest, is deceased, and the others are Carl Filipson and Edith Selma. Dr. Forsbeck is a Republican in his political affiliations.

Byron H. Abert, the efficient proprietor and manager of the Milwaukee Dental Laboratory, is a son of John B. Abert, whose sketch appears elsewhere in this work, and was born in Milwaukee on Oct. 26, 1881. He attended the graded schools and later one of the high schools in the city, and began the study of dentistry under Dr. L. J. Stephan. In 1898 Dr. Stephan and C. C. Winkler organized the Milwaukee Dental Laboratory and Mr. Abert was made a member of the firm. In 1905 Dr. Stephen and Mr. Winkler sold their interests to Mr. Abert. who has since had the sole conduct of the concern. His natural business ability and enterprise have made of the institution a great success, and it is known now throughout the state. Fraternally Mr. Abert is prominent, being a member of Lafayette Lodge, No. 265, Free and Accepted Masons ; Calumet Chapter, No. 73, Royal Arch Masons, and Wisconsin Council, No. 4, Royal and Select Masters. Beside his Masonic relations he is enrolled as a member of the Millioki Club, the Milwaukee Maennerchor and the Merchants' and Manufacturers' Association. Mr. Abert is not allied with any of the existing" political parties, preferring to exercise his right of suffrage unhampered by party affiliations. On Feb. 15, 1906, occurred his marriage to Miss Lorraine K. Haas, of Milwaukee, a daughter of Frank and Elizabeth (Rahte) Haas. Mr. and Mrs. Haas came to Milwaukee from Fond du Lac, where they were pioneers. To Mr. and Mrs. Abert was born on April 14, 1907, a son, Byron Donald.

Ottmar A. Becker, D. D. S., a promising young dentist of the Cream City, was born in Manitowoc, Wis., on Aug. 23, 1878, a son of Albert C. Becker, a native of Germany, and Alvina (Teitgen) Becker, born in Manitowoc county. The paternal grandfather. Major Frederick C. Becker, was a native of Germany, who came to Manitowoc county before the War of the Rebellion. During that struggle he served in one of the Wisconsin volunteer regiments, and after the cessation of hostilities organized Company A of the Second Infantry, Wisconsin National Guard. His death occurred in Milwaukee in 1900. The maternal grandfather was also a native of Germany and a pioneer of Manitowoc county. Albert C. Becker, the father, was a hardware merchant at Manitowoc for a number of years, but recently withdrew from active participation in business and is now living retired. Fie is a prominent member of the Democratic party, and a well-known fraternity man, being a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the Royal Arcanum and the Royal League. His family of three sons and a daughter are all living. He was for a time captain in Company A of the Second Wisconsin infantry, the company which his father organized, and Ottmar A. Becker, the subject of this review, also served four years in the same company, from 1901 to 1905, as a private, corporal and sergeant. Dr. Becker attended the graded schools of Manitowoc and Oshkosh and completed a high school course in the latter city. For his professional training he went to Chicago, and there in 1900 was graduated at the Northwestern Dental College with the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery. Fie first opened an office in Oshkosh and for four years had an excellent practice in that city, but he desired a larger field, and removed to Milwaukee. He has developed an enviable clientage in this city, and his inherent skill and thorough knowledge of his profession assures him of an even larger success. Dr. Becker is n<>t allied with any political party, believing that to exercise his righl of suffrage for the best advantage of the community a man sin mid not be bound or hampered by party affiliation. Fraternally lie is prominently identified with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, and is tor tin- second time the incumbent of the office of worthy presidenl of Milwaukee Lodge, No. 137. of that order. Dr. Becker has made many friends in Milwaukee, who predict for him a brilliant future in his chosen profession.

De Veauxelle D. Logan, D. D. S., who has been an active dental practitioner in Milwaukee since 1902, was born in Parkersburg, \V. Va., Sept. 20, 1880, son of Albert and Maria Lyda Logan. The father was born in Parkersburg, \\ . Va., and the mother in Fairmont in the same state. Albert Logan, the father, was a bookkeeper and general office man in the office of his father, who dealt in lumber and tobacco. The father died in 1893, and three years later the widow came to Milwaukee and is now making her home with Dr. Log'an, one of her three sons. A great uncle of Dr. Logan. Henry Logan by name, was a prominent lumber and tobacco merchant of Parkersburg and was known throughout the state as a philanthropist. Dr. Logan attended the graded schools of Parkersburg, and the high schools of that city, Indianapolis and Jefferson City, Mo. His professional training was received in the dental department of the Milwaukee Medical School, and the faculty of that institution granted him the degree of Doctor of Dental Science in 1902. Before his graduation he was associated with Dr. Rupert, but after he had obtained his degree he opened his own office and has ever since been most successful in the conduct of it. He is absolutely independent of party affiliations in political matters, preferring to use his own judgment in exercising his franchise rather than be bound by party ties. While a student he became a member of the Psi Omega dental fraternity, and this is his only fraternal relationship. In a social way he is identified with the Calumet Club. On Feb. 6, 1904, Dr. Logan was united in marriage to Miss Frances Wolfgram, a daughter of F. W. and Clara Wolfgram, of Milwaukee. Mrs. Wolfgram is deceased, but he is still a respected resident of the city. To Dr. and Mrs. Logan has been born one son, Robert McLennen.

Carl M. Marcan, D. D. S., one of the younger generation of dentists of the city, and a member of the faculty of the dental department of Marcjuette University, is a native of' the Badger state. He is a son of John D. and Anna (von Markreiter) Marcan. both natives of Germany, the birth of the former having occurred in 1847 aml the latter in 1854. Dr. Marcan's birthday occurred on March 29, 1883, at Chippewa Falls, Wis. The father first came to New York in 1873, and later located in Wisconsin. He returned to Germany to be married, but again came to this country and settled in Milwaukee. For more than twenty years now he has been associated with the Miller Brewing Company as a local agent in Milwaukee. Two daughters and a son were the issue of his marriage. Olga, the eldest, is now in Germany studying, and Camilla is also pursuing musical studies at the Wisconsin Conservatory in Milwaukee. Both parents are members of the Catholic church. Dr. Marcan's primary education was obtained in the parochial schools of Dubuque, la., and after he had completed his course there he studied for a year in Germany. For two years following he was a student at Lawrence University at Appleton. Wis., and then matriculated at Marquette University in the dental department. In June, 1908, the faculty of the latter institution granted him the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery, and immediately after graduation he opened an office at 2630 Vliet street for the practice of his profession. His many admirable qualities and his inherent technical skill brought him many patients, and the number has been increasing each month. As a recognition of his standing as a student he has been made one of the demonstrators in the dental department of his alma mater. Dr. Marcan exercises his right of suffrage unhampered by party affiliation, believing that independence in political matters makes for the best government. He is a devout communicant of the Roman Catholic church, and fraternally is identified with the Psi Omega dental fraternity, of which he became a member while a student.

William L. Neubert, D. D. S., a young dentist of the Cream City, was born in Berlin, Germany, on Feb. 5, 1878, a son of Albert August Heinrich and Pauline (Dorther) Neubert. The father was born in Germany in 1841, and the mother in the same country in 1848. Albert Neubert, for many years a German naval officer, retired from active duty after serving his country nearly fifty years. His wife died on Dec. 3, 1902, leaving beside her husband five children. Dr. Neubert received his educational advantages in the Prince Henry gymnasium in Berlin, and was there graduated in 1897. Shortly afterward he came to Milwaukee and matriculated in the dental department of Marquette University, and in 1902 the faculty of that institution granted him the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery. Ever since he took out his naturalization papers he has been allied with the Republican party, and has always voted that ticket. Fraternally and professionally Dr. Neubert is allied with the Southern Wisconsin Dental Association, the Psi Omega dental fraternity, the Modern Woodmen of America and the Equitable Fraternal Union. Shortly after graduation Dr. Neubert went to Kansas and became a registered dentist in that state. On Aug. 18, 1903, he was united in marriage to Miss Julia Marie Meinecke, a daughter of Gerhardt and Carrie (Wellaur) Meinecke, of Milwaukee. Two sons were born to this union, Albert Daniel and William Gerhardt.

Robert A. Burg, D. D. S., a prominent young dentist of Milwaukee, is a native of this city, where he was born on Jan. 8, 1884. He is a son of John and Mary (Purtell) Burg, both of whom were born in Wisconsin. His paternal grandparents, Joseph and Sophia (Loffy) Burg, came to Wisconsin in early days from Germany. The grandfather died on Jan. 31, 1899, but the grandmother is still living, a respected resident of Waukesha county. He was a miller by vocation and founded the mill at Monches, Waukesha county, and in his spare time added to his income by following agricultural pursuits and dealing in horses. A brief review of the life of John Purtell the maternal grandfather, may be found in the sketch of Dr. Joseph A. Purtell. a son. elsewhere in this volume. Dr. Burg received his primary education in the schools at Monches, Wis. His professional training was received in the dental department of Marquette University, where he graduated in 1905. Since that time he has been most successfully engaged in the practice of his profession in Milwaukee, his offices being located at 2905 Clybourn street. Jn political matters the Doctor is not allied with any one of the established parties, preferring to exercise his right of suffrage as his conscience and his judgment dictate. Like his ancestors on both sides he is a devout communicant of the Roman Catholic church. Fraternally he is associated with the Catholic Order of Foresters. Dr. Burg is still a young man and his many friends predict for him a brilliant future in his chosen profession.

Edgar Morton Jones, D. D. S., professor of metallurgy in the dental department of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and a practicing dentist of the city, was born in Waupun, Wis., on Sept. 9, 1880, a son of Edgar and Emma (Baldwin) Jones. The father wras born in Waukesha county, Wis., in 1853, and the mother in Waupun in 1858. The paternal grandfather, William M. Jones, was born in Peekskill, N. Y., in 1822, and his wife, Evangeline Herrick, in Pennsylvania. He passed away in 1889 and she died two years later. The maternal grandfather, B. B. Baldwin, was a pioneer of Waupun and served several terms as justice of the peace in that city. During the Civil war he was a member of one of the regiments sent from Wisconsin to suppress the Rebellion. Edgar Jones was a molder by vocation, and learned the trade from his father, who was engaged in it all his active life. Dr. Jones attended the public and high schools of W'aupun and then took a course in the Wayland Academy of Beaver Dam, Wis. When he had graduated there he came to Milwaukee and entered the dental department of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, whence he was graduated in 1903. After a year and a half spent in the successful practice of his profession in a small village in the state he returned to Milwaukee and opened an office for the practice of his profession. At the same time he accepted the chair of metallurgy in his alma mater, and is now serving his third year as the head of that department. His ability and courteous manner have won him the respect of the students and the confidence of his patients, the number of which has increased each year since he engaged in his present occupation. In politics he is a stanch adherent of the principles promulgated by the Republican party, but has never sought public office. In religious matters he is identified with the English Lutheran church and professionally is prominent in the North Side Dental Society. On Dec. 22, 1904, Dr. Jones was united in marriage to Miss Ida Frieschmidt. a Milwaukee lady, the daughter of Herman and Marie (Krahn) Frieschmidt. They have no children.

Andrew Jacob Kuhnmuench, D. D. S., a member of the faculty of the dental department of Marquette University and also engaged in the practice of his profession, is a son of Charles and Margaret (Zimmerman) Kuhnmuench. and was born in Milwaukee on Oct. 20. 1879. The father was a native of Germany who came to Milwaukee early in his life and was here married. He was en extensive furniture dealer until his death. The mother was born in Milwaukee, and is a daughter of the late Andrew Zimmerman, the first rope manufacturer in Milwaukee. He was a potent factor in the councils of the local Democracy and was a stanch member of the Catholic church. Dr. Kuhnmuench attended the public and parochial schools to obtain his preparatory education, and later took a course in the Spencerian Business College. For his technical education he went to Philadelphia and matriculated in the dental department of the University of Pennsylvania, not, however, until he had two years of practical work in his profession. On June 13, 1901, he received his certificate of graduation and the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery and returned at once to Milwaukee to enter upon his professional career. That his knowledge of the art is recognized throughout the community is evident from the fact that he has been chosen by the directors of Marquette University to fill the chair of Pathology, Therapeutics and Materia Medica in that institution. In politics he is a stanch adherent of the principles of the Republican party, but has never had the leisure nor the inclination to seek public office. He was reared in the Catholic faith, and ever since his confirmation has been a loyal communicant of that church. While a student he became a member of the Xi Psi Phi fraternity, a relation which has kept him in close touch with his classmates ever since graduation. On Jan. 22, 1907, the doctor was united in marriage to Miss Barbara Bettinger, a daughter of John and Mary Bettinger, of Milwaukee. They have one child, Mary.

Willard B. Robinson, D. D. S., who for ten years has practiced dentistry in the city of Milwaukee, was born in Windsor, Dane county, Wis., on Dec. 31, 1871, a son of Barber and Mary (Lord) Robinson, the former of whom was born in New York in 1843 an(^ the latter in Maine in 1850. Barber Robinson came to Arlington, Columbia county, Wis., with his parents, Barber and Lois (Shetland) Robinson, and later to Dane county, where both died. John Lord, the maternal grandfather, and Abigail (Mason) Lord, his wife, were natives of Maine, who settled at Leeds. Mrs. Lord died in 1876 and her husband passed away fourteen years later. Barber Robinson, the father, was a farmer by vocation and a stanch member of the Congregational church. He is one who believes in exercising his religious views in his right of suffrage and always votes the Prohibition ticket. His wife died in 1890 and he now lives retired in Windsor. Dr. Robinson received his preparatory education in the public graded schools of Windsor and the Wisconsin Academy at Madison, and at the latter institution received his certificate of graduation in 1890. For some years he was engaged in various occupations to gain a livelihood and when he had accumued a sufficient competence he matriculated in the dental department of Marquette University. In 1898 the faculty of the university granted him the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery and he at 1 'iicc entered up' m the practic of his profession. He is not allied with any (if the existing political parties, believing that the best government i- to be obtained by the judicious exercise of his right nf franchise rather than by the direction of party leaders. Professionally he is identified with the Wisconsin State and the Milwau- kee County Dental societies and tlie Modern Woodmen of America. Ever since his residence has been in Milwaukee he has been closed}- associated with the Grand A.venue Congregational church. On Oct. if), 1898, Dr. Robinson was united in marriage to Miss Aland Tasse, of Milwaukee, a daughter ><\ F. D. and Dellima (Juneau) Tasse. On the maternal side Mrs. Robinson is a descendant of a brother of Solomon Juneau, the founder of the city. To Dr. and .Mrs. Robinson have been born two children, Clement Raymond and Eva Lillian.

George P. Brenner, D. D. S., who for nearly ten years has been one of the leading- figures in odontological circles in Milwaukee, was born in the town of Polk, Washington county. Wis., on Feb. 17, 1870, a son of Philip and Barbara ( Mathes) Brenner, both of whom were born in the town of Polk, the father on Jan. 21, 1848, and the mother on Sept. 21, 1853. The paternal grandparents, Peter, and Christina (Kissinger) Brenner, were both native Germans, the former having been born in Hessen-Darmstadt and the latter in Seltz, who came to Wisconsin before it had become a state and located on a farm. The maternal grandparents, George and Barbara (Reiss) Mathes, were also German immigrants, who lived the better part of their lives on a farm in Washington county. The father, Philip Brenner, was a farmer during his active business career, but of late years has made his residence in Milwaukee, having retired from active participation in business affairs. Both he and his wife are communicants of the Evangelical church. Their only son, Dr. George P. Brenner, was educated in the public schools of Washington county and graduated at the West Bend high school in 1894, after having completed the prescribed four years' course in three years. For two years after he was engaged in pedagogic work in Polk township and then entered the dental department of Marquette University. Later before he had completed his course he went to Chicago and there, in 1899, he graduated at the College of Dental Surgery with the degree of Doctor of Dental Science. Immediately after the completion of his course he came to Milwaukee and began the practice of his profession, which at the present time is flourishing and lucrative. For two years Dr. Brenner has held the chair of operative technic and dental anatomy at the Milwaukee College of Physicians and Surgeons and for one year he was assistant to Dr. W. C. AYenker in the same capacity at Marquette University. In, politics the doctor is a Republican, but the duties attendant upon a busy career have prevented him from becoming a candidate for public office. Professionally he is prominently identified with the Wisconsin State and the North Side Dental societies. He was one of the moving spirits in the organization of the latter and is the present incumbent of the office of president of the same, and is also president of Milwaukee County Dental Society. In fraternal matters he is associated with Wisconsin Lodge No. 13, Free and Accepted Masons, and Damon Lodge, No. 102, Knights of Pythias, and his religious relations are with the Congregational church. On June 3, 1902, Dr. Brenner was united in marriage to Miss Emma

L. Buschmann, of Manitowoc, Wis., a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Albert Buschmann. Mrs. Buschmann is deceased, and her husband now resides at Forestville, Wis. To Dr. and Mrs. Brenner has been born one daughter, Lois Helen.

John Mietus, D. D. S., one of the prominent young dentists of Milwaukee, was born in Poland on March 17, 1874. He is a twin brother of Dr. Joseph Mietus, whose sketch appears elsewhere in this work. Something of the father's life can be found in the sketch of the brother. Dr. John Mietus received- his "preparatory educational advantages in the public schools of his native land and a gymnasium. His arrival in this country was in 1893 and he located first in Chicago. For several years he engaged in various occupations to earn a livelihood until he should determine what profession or business he desired to make a life work. When he finallv decided to study dentistry he matriculated at the Chicago College of Dental Surgery and jn 1905 graduated at the institution with the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery. He came to Milwaukee at once and opened an office at 29 Wright street, where he has since been most successfully engaged. His natural ability and his thorough knowledge of his profession have won for him a high rank among the practitioners of the city, and he is regarded as one of the most promising in the profession. In politics he is not allied with any one of the existing political parties, preferring to exercise his right of suffrage as his conscience and judgment dictate rather than be hampered by party affiliations. Socially and professionally the doctor is identified with the North Side Dental Society, Young Men's Polish Alliance and the Polish National Alliance of North America, and in religious matters adheres to the Catholic faith. On Feb. 19, 1908, Dr. Mietus was united in marriage to Miss Hattie Bachinski, of Milwaukee, whose family relations appear elsewhere in this volume in the sketch of her brother, Dr. L. J. Bachinski.

Frederick Rietbrock (deceased) was born in Kenosha county, April 6. 1839. His parents, Adolph and Christina (Koch) Rietbrock, were both natives of Germany, but died in this country, the former in 1887 and the latter in 1883. The father came to the United States in 1832 and traveled widely throughout the country, afterward returning to Germany. When he brought his family in 1837 he came directly to Kenosha county, and was among the pioneers of southeastern Wisconsin, the country being about that time opened to settlers, although the original inhabitants continued to roam through the country for many years afterward. Adolph Rietbrock was a goldsmith by trade, but like most of the early comers, essayed farming for a time. He retired from active life in 1870 and spent most of the remainder of his life in Milwaukee, except a short period which was taken up by a trip to California. Frederick Rietbrock was reared in Kenosha, attending the public schools, was graduated from the high school and then studied two years in the University of Michigan, where he was graduated in 1865 with the degree of LL. B. He immediately began the practice of law in Milwaukee and there continued until his death, on July 23, 1906. Mr.

Rietbrock's first partner was C. K. Martin, and later, in 1870, he became associated with D. 11. Johnson, and in 1877 L. W. Halsey was added to the firm, which continued as Johnson, Rietbrock & Halsey until 1888. At that date Mr. Johnson was elected circuit judge and the two remaining partners remained in business until [900, when Mr. Halsey succeeded Judge Johnson on the bench, and Mr. Rietbrock formed' a partnership with his son, Adolph C. Rietbrock, which continued until the death of the former. Besides his extensive law practice, Mr. Rietbrock was largely interested in real estate in Marathon county, and did much to develop the resources of that portion of the state. In politics he was a Democrat and in the early seventies was actively engaged in campaign work, and was chairman of the county committee for several years. He held the office of district attorney for one term. On Feb. 4, 1866, he was united in marriage with Miss' Helen M. Peters, daughter of Cornelius and Marianna (Meuser) Peters, of Milwaukee. Mrs. Rietbrock died on Feb. 5, 1901, after thirty-five years of happy wedded life. The three children born to this union are Adolph C., Marianna and Christina. Frederick Rietbrock was a member of the Milwaukee Sharpshooters' Society, the Calumet Club, the Germania Society (now the Deutscher Club), the American Guernsey Cattle Club, the National Livestock Association, etc.

Rev. Bronislaus F. Celichowski, pastor of St. Hedwig's Catholic church, is a native of Polish Prussia, and came to this country with his parents in 1886. His father,. Vincent Celichowski, was a mason contractor and died about a year after locating in Milwaukee and is buried in the Polish cemetery of the city. His mother, Louisa (Ryterska) Celichowski, is still living. Bronislaus F., born Oct. 22, 1872, is one of a family of three brothers and seven sisters; all are living in the United States. The two brothers, Casimir and Walter, are engaged in the clothing and men's furnishing business and have two stores, one on the north side and one on the south side of the city. The former married Ann Cyerwinska and has two children, Roman and Arnult ; the latter married Josephine Baranowska and also has two sons, Walter and Stanislaus. The five sisters living in this country are all married; three are residents of Milwaukee, one of Oshkosh and one of Chicago. Rev. Father Celichowski acquired his earlier education in his native land, being in his fourteenth year when his parents came to the United States. After locating in Milwaukee he attended Marquette College for six years, and then took his theological training at St. Francis Seminary, where he was ordained as a priest in 1898 by Bishop Katzer. lie was the assistant pastor at St. Hedwig's for two years, and then assumed charge of the congregation and has filled that position since that time. The parish was organized thirty-five years ago and has a large church, schools, rectory and sisters' house, and is in excellent financial condition, there being but little debt remaining on the property. The congregation includes 800 families, and 050 children are instructed in the schools. Rev. Father Celichowski has one assistant in his pastoral work. He is at present interested in the con- struction of a gymnasium for the use of the young men and boys of the congregation, and hopes to have the same in process of building in the near future.

Hyacinth Gulski, priest of St. Hyacinth, is a native of Polish Prussia., and is the son of Anthony and Anna (Szweda) Gulski, both natives of the same province, and both of whom died in their native land. Father Gulski came to the United States in 1875, his education and early work of the ministry having belonged to his native country. He attended first the public school or "gymnasium" at Culm, and later the theological seminaries at Neustadt, Lonk and Goruszki, all in Polish Prussia. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1872 by Bishop Jeschke, at Lonk, and was stationed at various points during the three years that intervened between his ordination and his immigration. These were years of hardship and difficulty, owing to the action of the German Reichstag, tending toward a suppression of the convents, and directed particularly against the Society of Jesuits, and it was made a misdemeanor for a priest to make charges or accept fees for his services. This action extended also to Polish Prussia. On coming to Wisconsin Rev. Father Gulski was placed in charge of the church at Berlin for eight months, and then came to St. Stanislaus church, Milwaukee, as assistant pastor, and on Jan. 1, 1876, was given charge of the church, and was pastor of the same for eight years. During his pastorate he was actively engaged in mission work among his people, organized a new parish on the south side of Milwaukee, and built the large and beautiful church of St. Hyacinth. The parish has since been divided three times, and at present the parish of St. Hyacinth includes 1,100 families. It owns a very handsome property, including an entire block, and which is almost free from debt. Over 1,300 children are instructed in its two schools. Father Gulski votes the Democratic ticket, but takes no active part in politics. He is a member of the Catholic Union of America and of the Stowarzyszenie Polakow.

William E. Burke, attorney, of Milwaukee, was born in Dodge county. May 25, 1874. and is one of the eight children of John and Mary (Nolan) Burke, both natives of Ireland. The brothers and sisters are Catherine, now Mrs. Malachi McBride, of Janesville, Minn.; Elizabeth, now Mrs. John Carroll, of Richwood, Wis.; Mary, Mrs. John Laffey, of Des Moines, Iowa; John, married to Mary Enright, of Lida, Iowa; Joseph, a divinity student at Brookland. Wash. ; Frank P.. an attorney and partner of his brother, William E., of this sketch. William E. Burke obtained his earlier education in the public schools of Dodge county, and then entered the Xorthcrn Illinois College of Law at Dixon, 111., at which he was graduated in 1898 with the degree of LL. B. Fie began his legal practice in Milwaukee and was in business alone until 1899, when he became a member of the firm of Blatchley & Burke. In 1902 the partnership was dissolved and he was again alone in his practice until March, [907, when he became associated with his brother and Mr. Alexander under the name of Burke, Alexander & Burke. In the county convention, lie' belongs to the Milwaukee County and Wisconsin State Bar associations, and is also a member of the fraternal order, Knights of Columbus, and of the social organizations, the Blue Mound Club and the Calumet Club, being president of the latter. On Feh. 15, [906, he was united in marriage to Miss Genevieve Mickey, of Milwaukee, and to the union one daughter, Mary, has keen b< >rn.

Samuel Frederick Peacock, of the firm of S. I". Peacock & Son, Milwaukee, is a native of England, having keen born in Leeds, Yorkshire. April 27, 1847. J'e ls trie son OI Francis and Annie Stead Peacock, the former of whom came to the United States in 1843 aiKl then went hack and returned with his family in 1848, being engaged in the mercantile lumber business. In August, 1861, he enlisted as a private in Company B, Twenty-fourth Wisconsin infantry, and was wounded in the left shoulder in the first hattle of that regiment, and was sent home on sick furlough, dying four months later, Dec. II, 1863, in Milwaukee. He is buried in Calvary Cemetery. The mother died on July 9, 1889. Samuel F. was reared and educated in Milwaukee and opened his present business on Jan. 1, 1877. ana< nas been for many years one of the leading- undertakers in the city, having at the present time charge of more burials than any other firm in Milwaukee. Politically he is allied witli the Democratic party and in religion he is a member of the Catholic church. He belongs to a number of fraternal organizations, among which are the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, of which he is Past Exalted Ruler: Junior Council of National Union, Catholic Foresters, Catholic Knights, Sons of Veterans, of which he is Past Commander; and he was the organizer of the Wisconsin State Funeral Directors, concerning his association with which the Western Undertaker of November, 1907, says: "No more appropriate sentence could be uttered than these Latin words: 'Palman Qui Meruit Feraf - Let him who has won bear the palm. Few undertakers can boast of having served their associations for a quarter of a century. The fact that Wisconsin has had one of their members continuously in office for twenty-five years is a test of ability as well as geniality. When a member is accorded such a privilege it is because of his popularity among the members of the association. Samuel F. Peacock, of Milwaukee, has had this pleasure and his services have been 'communi consensu' his fellow members having kept him in office all this time. To serve man means the serving of the Lord, hence Mr. Peacock has done good, having been an energetic and tireless member to the close of the twenty-sixth annual meeting. In his last report he spoke as follows: T thank you for the honors you have conferred upon me in the last twenty-six years. 1 have been most of the time an officer of your association. I appreciate your kindness, and I must say this will be the last report you will receive from Samuel F. Peacock, for I step aside now. I want to thank you before I do it, because I wanl to help make room for the younger and growing members you are getting in this asso- ciation. 1 hope in the next twenty-six years you will do doubly as well as in the past. I don't want it understood, gentlemen, that I intend losing interest in the association. If Providence spares me you will find me with you, furthering the interests of every member of this association for many years to come. The reason I speak about this is, I do not wish to run again for office. I positively want to thank you once again for all.' Surely Mr. Peacock will not forsake nor lose interest in the association. Why should he? He was one of the founders of it, in fact, the father of it. Few of those present who listened to his remarks knew what an effort it cost him to make them, for his heart reveled within him, like a boy leaving his parents' home, whose loving associations dated back from early memory. There are other active members who show great interest in association work, deserving of much praise for the good work they have done ; but none ever held office for a quarter of a century. Yet Mr. Peacock looks and acts as though he would be capable for another twenty-five years. He will be welcomed to lend his shoulder to the wheel of progress 'diiranta vita.'' In the last named organization he served as president, four terms ; vice-president, three terms ; chairman of the executive committee, one term ; and also as chairman of both legislative and finance committees ; and has just made his sixteenth annual report as treasurer. He is reckoned among the successful business men of Milwaukee, and is popular in social and fraternal as well as in commercial circles. On Dec. 10, 1869, he was married to Miss Hattie Downer, daughter of Frederick and Margaret Downer, of Milwaukee, and to this union two children were born : Frank J., who married Miss Mary A. Birkle, has three children : Urban F., Frank A. and Samuel. Frank has been in partnership with his father since 1889 and is also a member of the Catholic Knights, Catholic Foresters and Knights of Columbus. The daughter, Hattie, married John Roddy, who is employed by the T. A. Chapman Co. in the credit department.

Joseph Mietus, D. D. S., a rising young dentist of Polish birth, is a son of Michael and Mary Mietus and was born in Poland on March 17, 1874. The father was born in 1840 and the mother in 1847 ar,d never left their native land. The mother died in 1878, but the father, who has always earned his living by farming, still survives. During the last memorable struggle, in 1863, in which Poland attempted to gain her freedom, the father was enlisted in the patriots' cause. The parents had two children, twin sons, and a etch of the other, John, appears elsewhere in this volume. Dr. Mietus attended the public and parochial schools of his native land and attended one of the gymnasia maintained by the Austrian government. In 1891 he migrated to the United States and located in Buffalo for a time, but afterward traveled through different parts of the country. When he had become thoroughly conversant with American customs and manners he determined to make dentistry his life profession and accordingly matriculated at the Chicago Dental College. The faculty of that institution granted him the degree of Doctor of Dental "Science in 1903, and immediately after graduation he removed to Milwaukee and opened an office. For five years now he has been most successfully engaged, and has built up a large and lucrative practice that is well worthy of emulation. In political matters Dr. Mietus is a stanch adherent of the tenets and principles of the Democratic party, but has never sought public office. In a professional and social way he is prominently identified with the Milwaukee County Dental Society, the Tribe of Ben-Ilur. the Polish National Alliance, the Sharpshooters' Club and the Polish Turners. His religious relations are with the Roman Catholic church. On May 30, 1906, Dr. Mietus was united in marriage to Miss Mary Goral, of Milwaukee, Wis., a daughter of Casimir Goral, now of Milwaukee. To this union has been born one child, Roland Felix.

Leonard Joseph Bachinski, M. D., a young physician of Milwaukee, whose friends predict for him a brilliant future in his chosen profession, was born in the Cream City on Aug. 23, 1885, a son of Michael and Elizabeth (Szturmowski) Bachinski. Both parents are natives of German Poland, and belong to that class of Milwaukee's foreign population which has made the city one of the most successful industrial centers of the West. The father, who came to Milwaukee in 1875, is a brewer by vocation and now resides at 1020 Cambridge avenue. The paternal grandfather, Michael Bachinski, wras a participant in the last Polish insurrection and succumbed to wounds received in that memorable struggle. The maternal grandfather, Joseph Szturmowski, was a soldier in the Franco-Prussian war, and after the cessation of hostilities came to Milwaukee in 1873. His demise occurred on May 22, 1908. Dr. Bachinski received his preparatory education in the public and parochial schools of his native city and for five years attended Marquette College. He then matriculated in the medical department of Marquette University and after he had finished with honor to himself the prescribed course the faculty of the institution granted him the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1908. He at once began the practice of his profession with his offices at 29 Wright street, and although he has been engaged but a comparatively short time he has enjoyed a lucrative practice and has won the respect of his fellow practitioners. His religious belief is Roman Catholic, but in his political relations is not allied with any political party, preferring to exercise his right of franchise as his conscience and judgment dictate rather than be hampered by party ties.

Hugo F. Nicholus, D. D. S., one of the younger generation of dentists in the city, was born in West Bend, Washington county, Wis., on Nov. 11, 1876, a son of John H. and Augusta (Krause) Nicholus. The father was born in Germany in 1838 and the mother in Jackson, Washington county, in 1848. The paternal grandparents, Louis and Louisa (Hart) Nicholus, came from Germany and spent their last days in Washington county. The maternal grandparents, Frederick and Louisa Krause, were also native Germans, who came to Washington county and spent the balance .of their lives there. The father, Tohn H., was a farmer for a number of years and then for a time was in the hotel business in West Bend. In this last occupation and in the realty business he was so successful that he was enabled to retire in 1893 and remove to Milwaukee, where he has since lived. All of the seven children born to the parents are living. Dr. Nicholus attended the public and high schools of West Bend and then studied telegraphy. At the age of seventeen years he was a telegraph operator and train dispatcher. He served in this capacity for a period of five years and then matriculated in the dental department of Marquette University. The faculty of that institution granted him the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery in 1902, when he had completed the prescribed course, and he immediately opened an office for the practice of his profession. His success has in large measure been due to his careful attention to details, his courteous treatment of patients and his thorough mastery of his art. In politics the doctor does not ally himself with any faction or party, but exercises his right of suffrage for what he judges is the best interest of the community. He is prominently identified as a member and worker with the Bethlehem Lutheran church and fraternally and socially is associated with the North Side Dental Society and the Modern Woodmen of America.

Dr. Roman J. Paradowski, a popular dentist among the younger members of the odontological fraternity in Milwaukee, was born in the Cream City on Aug. 9, 1882. He is a son of John and Eva (Brzezinski) Paradowski, both of whom were born in German Poland, the father in 1845 and the mother five years later. The parents came to Milwaukee in 1878, and the father was engaged as a fireman for stationary engines for a number of years. His death occurred in 1894 and his wife died some four years later. Of the eight children born to the parents four survive. Dr. Paradowski entered the parochial schools of the city when he was but six years of age, and remained in them until he was thirteen years old. After four years of work he again took up his studies, matriculating at St. Francis Seminary. He completed the classical course in five years and followed with a year's course of study in philosophy. The following year he worked at the Wisconsin Dental Laboratory, and since then, about three years now, he has been an assistant to Dr. A. G. Rozmarynowski. Although he is a stanch adherent of the principles of the Republican party, he has never sought public office. His religious belief is Catholic, and he is a devout communicant of the Polish Catholic church. His only fraternal relations are with the Modern Woodmen of America. Dr. Paradowski is of a kindly, genial manner, with a host of friends, who predict for him a brilliant future.

Anton George Rozmarynowski, D. D. S., was born in Milwaukee on March 24, 1882, and is a son of Kazmier and Marcianna ( Pochowski) Rozmarynowski. Both parents were born in German Poland, the father in T857 and the mother some years later. The father came to Milwaukee when still a youngf man and was activelv engaged in business For a number of years, but is now retired. Of the family of six children three survive. Dr. Rozmarvnowski re- ceived his primary education in the parochial and public schools of the city. His professional training was obtained in the dental department of the Milwaukee Medical College, at which he was graduated on June 22, [904. lie immediately began active practice and has since been most successfully engaged in it. The doctor is not allied with any political party, and is a devout communicant of the Polish Catholic church. He is prominent fraternally, being a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, the Equitable Fraternal Union, the Knights of Columbus and the Polish National Alliance. Dr. Rozmarynowski is a young man with man}' friends, who predict for him a brilliant future in his chosen profession.

Robert S. Johnston, S. J., one of the professors of classics, history and English at Marquette University, was born in Troy Center. Milwaukee county, on Dec. 11, 1874. He is a son of Robert A. Johnston, who is mentioned elsewhere in this work. Father Johnston's primary education was received in the parochial and private schools of Milwaukee, and in 1891 he was graduated at Marquette College with the degree of bachelor of arts. The same year he entered the novitiate of the Order of Jesuits at Florisant, Mo., and for three years pursued a course of study there. This was followed by a three years' course in philosophy and science at St. Louis University. Then for a period of four years he was professor of classics, English and mathematics at Detroit College and served in a like capacity at St. Xavier's College of Cincinnati for another year. At the end of that time he went to St. Louis and spent four years in post-graduate study preparatory to entering the priesthood. In 1905 he was ordained as a priest of the Roman Catholic church and in August, 1907, became professor of the classics, English and history in Marquette University, the position which he has since filled. He is not allied with any political party, but takes a keen interest in public affairs and exercises his right of franchise to what he judges is the best advantage of the community. Father Johnston is a member of the Society of Jesus.

Reverend Victor Putten, S. J., deceased, former member of the faculty of Marquette LJniversity, was born in Holland on Feb. 26, 1845. He received his primary education in the public and parochial schools of his native land, and was there ordained to the priesthood in 1868. The same year he came to the United States and entered the House of Study at Woodstock, Md. For a period of a year he was a member of the faculty of St. Ignatius College, Chicago, and for four years following served in the capacity of missionary. He had pastorates at Cincinnati, Ohio, and St. Charles, Mo., for periods of six and three years, respectively, and in 1885 came to Mihvaukee to join the faculty of Marquette University. Following that time he continued his association with the institution, and he held in the past twenty years various offices in it. At the time of his death. Oct. 2, 1908, he was the incumbent of the office of treasurer. Father Putten was a man of fine intellect and scholarly attainments and he had the respect of all the students. He "was not allied with any political organization, but exercised his