Columbus City (part 27 of 57)

John Griffin Roberts, whose name introduces this sketch, was born on the home farm in Norwich township, February 21, 1847, ^^d his boyhood was passed in the usual way, midst play, work and study. He first attended a subscription school conducted in a log cabin built by an old Englishman, his first teacher being Ann Eliza Laird. He attended school there regularly until nineteen years of age, and then spent two and a half years at Otterbein University, in Westerville, among his college friends being Judge Shauck, of Columbus, and Professor Gharst, who afterward became president of that institution. After completing his education Mr. Roberts taught school in Brown township two years. But for the death of his father about this time, be would have taken up the study of law, but he returned home.

At the age of seventeen Mr. Roberts enlisted in the one hundred days' service as a member of Company I, One Hundred and Thirty-third Ohio Volunter Infantry, under Captain Henry Plymten. From Columbus the regiment went to Parkersburg, and a few days later to New Creek Station, West Virginia, on the south branch of the Potomac river, where they did garrison duty for six weeks. Later they did scouting duty in that section, guarded trains, etc., and for a few days were stationed at Washington, D. C, whence they went by boat to Bermuda Hundred. They were next on dutynear Petersburg, and took part in one full day's battle at Sweetbriar Church. After this they were stationed at Fort Powhatan until their term of enlistment expired, and were discharged at Camp Chase August 20, 1864.

Mr. Roberts was married in Norwich township, March 26, 1874, to Miss Harriet Payton, who was born in Franklin township, this county, March 26, 1848, a daughter of Charles and Nancy (Murphy) Payton, natives of Virginia. By this union were born two children: Leila M., now the wife of Jonas Derr; and Charles F., at home.

After his marriage Mr. Roberts located at the old home of Daniel O. Roberts, which he and his brother Daniel had inherited from the father. The farm consists of seventy-two and a half acres of land, which he has placed under a high state of cultivation, and has improved with good and substantial buildings, having in 1894 replaced the old log house by his present comfortable residence. He is a progressive general farmer, and has njet with success in his operations. He is a prominent member of John A. Spellman Post, G. A. R., of Hilliard, in which he has filled all the offices, and is now past commander. The Republican party has always found in him a stanch supporter of its principles, and he has most creditably filled the office of justice of the peace three years, and served as township trustee and a member of the school board for years, having always taken an active interest in educational affairs.

John Stephen Cromwell

Until November 19, 1897, there resided near the city of Columbu,-. Ohio, an old resident and highly respected citizen, whose ancestry could be traced directly to the great Oliver Cromwell. This man was John Stephen CromweW, the subject of the present review. He was born in Frederick county, Maryland, Julv 29. 1824, and was the second child of Joseph Wesley and Mary Ann (Hull) Cromwell, and passed out of life on the 19th of November, 1897, having surpassed the traditional three-score and ten years. When about thirteen years of age Mr. Cromwell was brought by his parents to Franklin county, Ohio, settlement being made near Whip's Mill. His education was obtained in the primitive schools of that time, and when about seventeen years old he engaged in school-teaching.

The marriage of Mr. Cromwell took place December 29, 1847, to Eliza Jane Anderson, a most estimable lady, the daughter of a prominent farmer then living on the Dublin pike road. She had been born in Franklin county, December 20, 1828, her father being Joshua Anderson, a native of New Jersey. He removed from that state when about sixteen years of age and settled in Pickaway county, Ohio, later removing to Franklin county, where he spent the remainder of his life. The mother of Mrs. Cromwell was Mary A. (Holmes) Anderson, a native of Delaware county, Ohio.

After marriage, Mr. Cromwell located at Worthington, Ohio, for one year, removing to another farm one mile east of Columbus for another year, and later making several removals, when he finally became permanently settled upon the farm now occupied by his widow. At the time of his: death the farm contained two hundred and fifty acres, and is very valuable property, on account of its fine location.

Ten children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Cromwell : Annie Mary, Louise Gertrude and John Wesley, all deceased ; Joshua, who married Carrie Wolard and has one son, Oliver R. ; William Parsons ; Charles Richard, who married Lora D. Mix and has two sons - Carroll D. and Glenn Curtis; Ella Josephine; Charlotte Atlanta, who married Bert King; Joseph Wesley; and Eliza Jane, who married L. L. Mix and has one daughter, Mildred.

Mr. Cromwell was a life-long Republican and held but two elective offices. He was elected township trustee several times, notwithstanding the township was Democratic and he also 'served for a long time as justice of the peace. During the Civil war he held the position of recruiting officer for a short time. Four men who had worked for Mr. Cromwell entered the army, and Mr. Cromwell testified in every w^ay possible his adherence to the Union.

Both Mr. and Mrs. Cromwell had been life-long members of the Methodist church, his residence being always the minister's home, and he was ever ready to respond to any call made upon him by the church. He was known far and wide for his charity, and at his death the mourners were not limited to his immediate friends around his home, but were scattered through the wdiole state.

Jacob Tinnapple

This well known and highly respected citizen of Norwich township, is a native of Franklin county, his birth having occurred in Prairie townsbip, June 27, 1857. His parents were Andrew and EHzabeth (Popper) Tinnapple, natives of Gillers'heim, Province of Hanover, Germany, the former born June 25, 1809, the latter November 4, 18 14. The father attended the public schools of Germany until fourteen years of age, after which he worked in a stone quarry during the summer season, and as a wood chopper durmg the wniter months for some time. At the age of twenty-cne he entered the German army, and after serving three years came home and was married. He then returned to the army and remained in the service for more than seven years as a cavalryman, taking part in several battles. Returning to his native place, he resumed his former occupations, and while at work in a quarry his leg was broken by a pile of stone falling upon it. Three children were born to himself and wife in Germany, but two died in infancy. In 185 1, with his wife and child he emigrated to the United States, taking passage on a sailing vessel at Bremen, Germany, and after a long and tedious voyage of forty-five days landed in New York city. Mr. Tinnapple came immediately to Columbus, and after four weeks spent in this city, purchased twenty-five acres of wild land in Prairie township, upon which he built a log cabin of one room. He at once commenced to clear his place, and to its improvement and cultivation devoted his energies for thirteen years. At the end of that time he bought a partially improved farm of fifty acres in Norwich township, which he operated until our subject took charge of the same. In his religious' affiliations he was a member of the German Lutheran church, and in politics was a stanch Democrat. Being fond of reading, he kept well posted on the questions and issues of the day ; was devoted to his home and family ; and was highly esteemed by all who knew him. His death occurred November 18, 1886. Jacob is the youngest of his children and the only one born in America. Louis and another child died in infancy, as before stated. Mollie Christine, born in Gillersheim, Province of Hanover, August 5, 1845. is the wife of Herman Kulm Our subject's maternal grandfather. Frederick Popper, was also a native of Gillersheim and a carpenter by trade. In 1851 he came with the Tinnapple family to America, but after spending seven years' in Franklin township, this county, working at his trade, he returned to Germany, where his death occurred.

Jacob Tinnapple was only six years old when the family settled in Norwich township, where he grew to manhood, and pursued his studies in the district schools until seventeen years' of age. He early became familiar with all the duties which fall to the lot of the agriculturist, and at the age of twentytwo rented the home farm. After the father's death he purchased the interests of the other heirs, and now owns and successfully operates the place.

Mr. Tinnapple was married, January i, 1883, in Prairie township, by Rev. Mr Horst, pastor of the German Lutheran church, to Miss Mary Sellers, a daughter of Isaac and Catherine (Selbert) Sellers. She was born in Franklin township, this county, September 26, 1859, and' there grew to womanhood. She attended the district schools, and also pursued her studies' in Delaware one year, after which she engaged in teaching in Prairie, Brown and Franklin townships, this county. Mr. and Mrs. Tinnapple have five children, whose names' and dates of birth are as follows : Madeline Elizabeth, July 13. 1884; Nonie, March 27, 1889; Amelia, August 27, 1888; William, October 13, 1890; and Albert, February 28, 1892.

ardent supporter of the Democratic party. He has efficiently served as township trustee six years, and has always faithfully discharged any duty devolving upon him whether public or private.

Prominent among the business men of Franklin county is numbered H. C. Cooke, whose connection with various enterprises and industries have been of decided advantage to this section of the state, promoting its material welfare in no uncertain manner. In business affairs he is energetic, prompt and notably reliable, and generally carries forward to successful completion whatever he undertakes.

Mr. Cooke is not only a representative of one of the honored pioneer families of this county, but also comes of good old colonial stock. His ancestors came originally from Herefordshire, England, and the first to come to America was Henry Cooke, who was known to be living in Plymouth, Massachusetts, before the year 1640. His sons were Isaac, who remained in Plymouth ; John, who settled in Middletown, Connecticut; and Henry and Samuel, who located in Wallingford, Connecticut. Samuel moved to New Haven in 1663 and to Wallingford in 1667. They were among the first planters, tanners and shoemakers of the Nutmeg state.

The founder of the family in Ohio was Roswell Cooke, who was born in Farmington, Connecticut, December 6, 1764, and was the third son of Amos and Rhoda (Hosford) Cooke. At the age of sixteen he enlisted in the Colonial army, and served throughout the remainder of the Revolutionary war. On the 21st of October, 1788, he married Rachel Newell, of Farmington, and in 1800, with his wife and five children, two sons being married at that time, he left his Connecticut home and started for the territory of Ohio by wagons, which carried their worldly possessions. During the journey, which lasted six weeks, they met with several adventures. While passing through Pennsylvania, the Dutch teamsters with their big wagons often refused the right of way to the travelers, calling their vehicles "dammed Yankee carts," and fights resulted with victory to the Yankees, as is usually the case in any contest. On their arrival in Columbus that city contained but one log cabin. The two oldest sons, Chauncey and Rodney took up land six miles north of where the state house now stands', their farms adjoining. The country at that time was densely wooded, through which roamed the Indians and wild beasts. On one occasion the mother of our subject saw a large black bear devouring a pig near her cabin. The brothers both erected houses out of round, unhewn logs, with puncheon floors and primitive fire places, Vvith mud-and-stick chimneys. They lived in true pioneer style while clearing their land and transforming it into productive fields. At first their field products were light, but the trusty rifle supplied the deficiency, Rodney Cooke being a good marksman. In course of time the land became highly cultivated, and upon the farms which they developed the brothers spent the re- maincler of their lives. They were energetic and enterprising men, and one of the first grist and saw mihs in the county was constructed by them on the Olentangy about 1827, now known as the Weisheimer mill. They also operated a distillery, which, though erected later than the mill, was one of the first in the county. Roswell Cooke died in Delaware, Ohio, December 27, 1827.

Rodney Cooke, who was the father of our subject, was born in W'allingford, Connecticut, in 1793, and was married to Laura Cowles, He became prominent in public affairs, and during militia days served as colonel of a regiment. He also participated in the war of 181 2. He died in 1833, and his W'idow, who long survived him, passed away at the age of seventy-three years. Having learned the tailor's trade in Connecticut, she managed to support her children after her husband's death, keeping her family together until they were able to care for themselves. The youngest child was born three months after the father's death. All reached years of maturity but only two are now living : Demon P., a resident of Columbus ; and H. C, of this review. Those deceased were Esther D., wife of L. J. Weaver; Roswell, who married Lorinda Skeels; Helen, wife of John Good; Rosalia P., wife of John Webster; Rachel N., wife of William E. Buck; Laura, wife of Lester Roberts; and Rodney Romoaldo, who married Cloe Williams. In religious conviction the entire family was of the Universalist belief.

A native of this county, H. C. Cooke, was born near Olentangy Park, March 14, 1825, and his early days were spent in a way common with pioneer boys. He attended the subscription schools conducted in the primitive log school house, and later spent several terms at the old Otterbein Seminary in Westerville, Ohio, thus becoming well fitted for life's responsible duties. He was early inured to the arduous task of clearing the wild land and doing other hard work upon a new farm. He followed teaching for some time, his first school being in what is now North Columbus, where he received ten dollars per month; his second being at the Harbor, then called Rogue's Harbor. In his home district he taught for several terms.

Mr. Cooke was married, May 20, 1852, to Miss Abigail A. Taylor, who died suddenly May 7, 1893, ^^ the age of sixty-three years. To them were born seven children, namely : Clara, wife of Wellington Webster, of Findlay, Ohio ; Flora, wife of J. L. Armstrong, of Clinton township, this county ; Albert Clement, of Columbus, who married Lulu Brown; Edwin A., who married Ella Haines; Alary E., deceased wife of David Maize; Alice A., wife of Charles Hess, of Clinton township; and Harry Lester, deceased.

After his marriage Mr. Cooke located on the old homestead farm in Clinton township, and as his means permitted he purchased the interests of the other heirs in the place. Eventually all of the Cooke land entered from the government came into his possession, and he now owns three hundred acres of good land, mostly under cultivation and highly improved. In addition to his farming interests Mr. Cooke has been identified with other enterprises, the chief among which has been the stock business, probably handling a larger amount of stock than any other shipper in Frankhn county. years ago he abandoned that business, and since then has been connected with A. G. Grant, under the firm name of Cooke, Grant & Cooke, as contractors in the construction of heavy masonry for raih'oad bridges, etc., in which undertaking he has met with success. The business is now managed by his son, A. C. Cooke. He was one of the promoters' of the Worthington & Columbus street-car hne, and served as treasurer of the company. Always active and energetic, he has undoubtedly successfully handled more lines of business than any other man in Franklin county, and is deserving of prominent mention among the leading and representative citizens of this section of the state. Politically he has always been a stanch supporter of the Republican party, and in religious belief is a Universalist.

Lewis Huffman

Among the well known family names of Jackson township, Franklin county, Ohio, is that of our subject, his parents having settled there as early as 1834. Lewis Huffman was born in Jackson township, on October 9, 1839, and is a son of Henry Huffman, a native of Pennsylvania, although of German descent. He engaged in farming upon the land now occupied by his' son, although at that time the only residence was a log cabin. Flere Henry died, at the age of fifty-nine. His marriage to Catherine Spaughn, also a native of Pennsylvania, took place in Jackson township, where Mrsi Huffman died at the early age of thirty, leaving three children : John, of Columbus ; Lewis, and Susan Haynes. Mr. Huffman was again married, his second wife being Mrs. Catherine Meach, and they became the parents' of the following children: Joseph, deceased; Henry, whose sketch appears upon another page of this work; Catherine, deceased; George, a resident of Columbus; and Sarah, now the widow of William Rivers. Mr. Henry Huffman was one of the old settlers and took a prominent part in the upbuilding and development of his chosen locality. Li politics he was a Whig until the formation of the Republican party.

Lewis' Huffman is the second son of the family and was reared in Jackson township and attended school at a log schoolhouse during the short sessions then thought sufficient. At the age of nineteen he was ready to start out in life for himself, and engaged in farming or in any labor that he found to be done; but when the call came for soldiers, at the outbreak of the Civil war, he enlisted in Company B, Third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, for a period of three months. This' time was spent at Camp Dennison ; but Mr. Huffman was never one to turn his back in the face of duty and immediately re-entered the army, joining Company B, Fifty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, this occurring in 1861. When his term of service expired he enlisted as a veteran and thus holds an enviable record of having given four years of his life to the service of his' country. During" this long time he was seriously ill for only two weeks, which he spent in the hospital at Vicksburg, although he took part in some of the most memorable battles of the war. He was at Shiloh, the siege of Vicksburg, the Atlanta campaign, marched with Sherman to the sea, and then through the Carolinas to Murfreesboro, and was present at the grand review in Washington. He was finally honorably discharged at Little Rock, Arkansas, being mustered out as corporal, having held this position for one and a half years.

After his return from the army, Mr. Huffman engaged in farming in Jackson township, in 1870 buying a tract of sixty acres which he finally sold and then came to his present location where he has a fine farm of one hundred and thirty-two acres under an excellent state of cultivation.

Mr. Hufifman was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Miller, in 1866, who w^as a native of the same township, and a noble family of sons were bcvn to them : Harry, a resident of Columbus ; Edward ; Trivet ; Clyde and Frank, residents of Illinois ; and Floyd, who is at home.

Mr. Huffman takes a great interest in the political questions of the day, is a Republican, having cast hisi first vote for Abraham Lincoln, and intends to uphold farther the principles of his party. Socially he has become a prominent member of the McCoy Post, No-, i, G. A. R., at Columbus. For thirty-eight years he has been a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal church, which he has most acceptably served asi both steward and trustee. Mr. Huffman enjoys the esteem and confidence of his neighbors and is an excellent representative of the fine old name he bears.

Joel Borror

One of the largest and most prominent of the pioneer families oi Franklin county, Ohio, bears the name of Borror, and among them Joel Borror, the subject of the present writing; takesi a conspicuous position, because of his sterling worth and also on account of the finely cultivated farm he owns, its present state of perfection having been brought about largely by his own industry.

Joel Borror was born in Jackson township, Franklin county, Ohio, August 21, 1824. His father, Jacob, bore the family name from his father, who like himself w-as a Virginian, a native of Rockingham county. Jacob came to Jackson county, with his widowed mother when but a lad of eleven years, and remained until his death occurred, when he was forty-four years old. He w^as' a man respected in the neighborhood, a Democrat in political conviction, and his comparatively early death wasi mourned by all. The na!ne of the mother of our subject was Catherine (Conrad) Borror, a Virginian by birth and a daughter of Wolsey Conrad, an early settler and a soldier of the war of 1812. Nine children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Borror, but only three of them are now living, - ^Joel, Jacob and Silas. The devoted mother lived to the age of ;seventy-eight, having been one of the admirable women of those early days whose example might in many ways be emulated now.

native county, living the life of a farm boy of the times, attending school in the little log cabin with its greased-paper windows and stick-and-mud chimney, enduring probably more real hardship in one winter than many of his descendants will know through life. In 1846 he married Mary Jane Thompson, a native of Pickaway county, Ohio, who at her death left nine children : John, the oldest child, resides in Pennsylvania; Catherine is the wife of Jonathan Swagler, of Jackson township; Margaret E., widow of William Bateman, is* also now deceased; Jane, Laura and Jacob, deceased; William married Alta Strall and now lives in Columbus ; Mary, wife of William Holt, resides near Galloway, Franklin county; and Martha, also deceased.

The second marriage of our subject took place in 1895, the lady being Nancy Jane Vance in her maiden days'. She was born in Brown county, Ohio, May 29, 1836, a daughter of Lewis A. Vance, an old settler of Brown county, and a granddaughter of John R. Vance, a native of Dublin, Ireland. Her mother's name was Matilda Dye, whose people came from Tennessee. Mrs. Borror is' the oldest of three children, the others being Hanson L. Vance, who lives in Brown county, Ohio, and Mary M. Sheldon, who resides in San Diego, California. Mrs. Borror was' first married to John Powers and had one daughter, Mary M., who is the wife of L. H. Royers, of Indianapolis, Indiana. Mrs. Borror's second marriage was to Robert McElhaney.

Following his first marriage, Mr. Borror settled on the place where he now lives, which at that time was surrounded by dense woods. The home was a little log cabin with one window, and the latchstring was always hanging out, for at that time hospitality was proverbial. Wild animals were constantly near and Mr. Borror had a task indeed to kill or frighten the denizens of the forest from his doorstep, tO' clear up this land, and make out of the wilderness one of the finest farms of Franklin county. The home farm consists of one hundred and four acres and he also owns ninety-nine and one-quarter acres in this township. Having resided for a space of fifty- four years on one place, Mr. Borror's neighbors have become well acquainted with his character, and the universal respect he enjoys testifies- to the regard they have for him.

Herman Kuhn

There are few men in Franklin county whose success has been more worthily achieved than this prominent and well-to-do farmer of Norwich township, whO' came to the new world empty-handed and has worked his way upward to a position of affluence by industry, economy and good management. He comes of a good old German family living in the Rhine Province for several generations'. There his paternal grandfather, Jacob Kuhn, spent his entire life as a cooper, and served in the German army in the war of 1813-14. His children were Henry, Herman, Jacob and Catherine. Herman Kuhn, Sr., the father of our subject, was' born in the village of Simmeon, Rhine Province, in 18 10, and attended school until fourteen years of age. after which he learned the cooper's trade. He died in his native land in 1894, and his wife, who bore the maiden name of Eva Bruner, died in 1867. Of the children born to them Jacob is still a resident of Germany; Peter died in that country ; Herman is next in order of birth ; Philip is deceased ; and Margaret lives in Germany.

Mr. Kuhn, of this review, was born in Rhinebalon, Rhine Province, on the 22d of February, 1843, ^''^'^ pursued his studies in the home school until fourteen years of age. For several years thereafter he worked in an iron foundry, and also learned the cooper's trade with his father. At the age of twenty he entered the German army and served three years in Berlin as one of King William's body guard. When the Austro-Prussian war broke out he was attached to the Second Guard regiment, and took part in several battles, his principal engagement being the battle of Koenigratz. After the close of the war he returned home and worked one year at the cooper's trade.

Deciding to try his' fortune in America, Mr. Kuhn sailed from Hamburg, October 4, 1867, on the steamer Prussia, and after fourteen days spent upon the water landed in New York city, whence he came direct to Columbus, having relatives' in Norwich township, this cotmty, who had sent him the ticket to come to the new world. Y,ov a time he made his home with Jacob Kuntz, a farmer, for whom he worked. In 1869 Mr. Kuhn married Miss Amelia Tinnappel, and for a year they made their home with his uncle, Mr. Kuntz. In 1870 they located upon twenty acres of his present farm, their first home being a log cabin, 16x20 feet, which he fixed up. For five years Mr. Kuhn worked as a section hand on the Hilliard section of the Panhandle Railroad at one dollar and forty cents per day, and saving the money made in this way, he was able to purchase hisi place, though he went in debt eight hundred dollars for the same. For the twenty-acre tract he paid fifty-five dollars per acre; later added six and a half acres' at forty-one dollars and a half per acre, and sixteen and a half acres at sixty-eight dollars per acre. His wife was industrious and economical and aided him in every possible way. All that he made with the railroad company he had saved, and on leaving the service had a little farm of twenty acres under cultivation. Since then he has devoted his time and attention to agricultural pursuits'. At the death of his uncle in 1894, he inherited his property, but prior to this had purchased one hundred and four acres at fifty-five dollars per acre, his sons assisting him in the operation of the farm. He has since bought three hundred and forty acres at the same price, and now has a fine farm under a high state of cultivation and improved with good buildings. A flower-bed now occupies the site of the old log house, and neatness and order prevade the entire place.

The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Kuhn are Elnora, wife of Adam Koerner, of Brown township, this' county; Minona, deceased wife of Rev. Charles Kunst; Andrew and Henry, both at home; Bertha, wife of John A. Geyer, of Prairie township; and Stephen and Sarah, both at home.

Since casting his first presidential vote for Samuel J. Tilden, ]\Ir. Kuhn has been a stanch supporter of the Democratic party, and is an active and prominent member of the Lutheran church in which he has served as director and treasurer for twenty years. His life record is' one well worthy of emulation and contains many valuable lessons of incentive, showing the possibilities that are open to young men who wish to improve every opportunity for advancement.

Henry Pausch

There is no man in Columbus more widely known than Henry Pausch, cUid none who is more deservedly popular. Since his birth, January 6, iSz|0, he has lived in Columibus, and since 1891 has lived in his pleasant home at 967 South High street. He attended the public school?^; of Columbus, and at the age of fourteen was' apprenticed to learn the printer's art to John Geary & Son, editors and proprietors of the Capital City Fact, which at that time was a prominent Columibus daily newspaper. Foiu- years later his apprenticeship was concluded, and he then entered the employ of the Hon. Richard Nevins, who was at that time state printer, and with that firm and its successors, Myers Brothers, he remained for thirty years, as one of its most' trusted and efficient employes.

On November 3, 1864, Mr. Pausch was married to Miss Jeanette E. McPherson and to them were born eight children: Flora L., Henry, Jr., Frank M., Catherine B., Walter L., Anna E.. Mary G. and Alice G., all of whom are living except Frank M., who died April 13, 1901.

Mr. Pausch's political career began in 1874, when he was elected to the city council from the eleventh ward. From 1877 to 1879 he was president of that body, and both as a member and as a presiding officer he ac(|uitted himself with the highest honor, and the breath of suspicion never restecl upon a single one of his acts in many of the official capacities in which he served. After voluntarily leaving the city council, one year later, he was elected to the office of police commissioner on the Democratic ticket, and served in that capacity for four years, his' term expiring in 1884. He was largely instrumental in reforming, reorganizing and shaping into an efficient body of men the police force of the city of Columbus. A strong partisan, he was none the less a conscientious public official, and always insisted on efficiency in office as the first requisite, controlled by sound political principles. In 1889 the Democratic party of Franklin county elected him county treasurer, and in 1 89 1 was re-elected, serving for four years. Since that time he has held different public and political positions, being at present a member of the city sew'er commission, having been appointed by Mayor Swartz as one of the Democratic members of th'ei board.

In politics Mr. Pausch has always been an ardent and unswerving Democrat, active in the management of his party's affairs, and an untiring worker for the success of his party's ticket - local, state and national. His counsel and assistance have always been sought by his party's leaders in political campaigns ever since he reached man's estate, and they were always ungrudgingly and unselfishly given.

Hehry Pausch

Mr Pausch is a thirty-second-degree Mason, a noljle of ths Alystic Shrine, an Elk, a member of the 1. O. O. F., a Kmght of Pythias and an active member of the Olentangy Club, as well as many other social organizations. In every relation in life he has won and still retains the highest esteem and respect of all with whom he has associated.

Augustus E. Groome

For many years this gentleman was actively identified with the agricultural'interests of Norwich township, but is now living a retired life in Hilliard. He traces his' ancestry back to an old colonial family of English extraction, which was founded in this country by three brothers, one of whom afterward 'returned to England, while one settled in Pennsylvania, the other in New Jersey. The last was Ezekiel, son of Closes Groome, the great-grandfather of our subject. The grandfather, Ezekiel Groome, Jr., was born in New Jersey and married Rhoda McDonald, who was also a native of that state and a daughter of Major McDonald of Revolutionary fame. Some time between 1816 and 1820 they came to Franklin county, Ohio, and settled in the southern part of Madison township, their farms bordering on the Pickaway county line. There the grandfather died in August, 1837, but his wife survived him several years.

John Groome, our subject's grandfather, was born m New Jersey and was quite small when brought by his parents to this county, where he grew to manhood on the farm. In early life he learned the carpenter's trade. He went overland to California in 1849, and for a time was interested m prospecting and mining, but there being a great demand for carpenters he resumed w^ork at his trade, receiving sixteen dollars per day. While there he contracted fever and died in 1849. He was f^rst married in Norwich township this countv, to Miss Elizabeth Britton, a daughter of Hosea W. and Rachel (Taylor) Britton, natives of Virginia, and the latter a cousin of President Zachary Taylor. Mrs. Groome died in Madison township, this county, in 1833, and the father subsequently married Charity Young and later removed to Iowa, from which state he went to California.

Augustus E. is the youngest of the five children born of the hrst union, the othel-s being as follows: Zachariah C, who was dreadfully opposed to the Mormons, was killed by that sect in Iowa when they were on their way to Utah. Rachel married John Hunt and died in Iowa. Hosea \\ . served as a private in the Mexican war and died in Iowa. Rhoda married William McBride and went with her husband to Pike's Peak, Colorado, where she died leaving two small children, whom Mr. McBride took back to Iowa in a wagon and left with his brother-in-law. Of the six children born to tne second marriage of Tohn Groome, Charitv, the eldest, died young. Obediah died in Salt Lake Citv, Utah. Louisa died at the age of fourteen years. Isaac is a veteran of the Civil war and a resident of Knoxville, Iowa. Albert was a member of an Iowa regiment in the same war and was never heard of after the Ixittle of Shiloh, in which he participated. Orilla married Charles Sherman, a descendant of Genera] Sherman, and died in Nel)raska. John died at the age of three years.

Augustus E. Groome, our sul)ject, was burn in Madison township, this county, on the 24th of April, 1833, and was only three months old when his mother died. At the age of seven years he went to live with his maternal uncle, Hosea Britton, in Madison township, and remained with him until reaching manhood. He received a good district school education and at the age of sixteen commenced teaching, a profession which he continued to follow for some time after his marriage. It was in Shelby county, Ohio, April 21, 1854, that he led to the marriage altar Miss Susannah Cole,' a daughter of Joshua Cole. They began their domestic life on a farm in Norwich township, this county, which he had inherited from his uncle. It consisted of one hundred acres, to which he subsequently added eighty acres, and to the improvement and cultivation of which he devoted his time and attention until the spring of 1894, when his son, E. W., took charge of the same, while our subject removed to Hilliard and has since lived a retired life, enjoying a well-earned rest.

Mr. and Mrs. Groome are the parents of seven children, namely : Rhoda, deceased wife of Thomas McNaughton; Rosaline, deceased wife of William Dobyns; Rilla, wife of S. T. McCann, of Norwich township; Sherman, deceased ; Fletcher, who married Maggie Cramer and lives in Norwich township; Edward W., who married Amanda Smith and now^ operates the eld home farm ; and Mattie, wife of Robert Wolfe, of Norwich township.

In 1875 Mr. Groome was made a Mason, and now belongs to Avery Lodge No. 493, F. & A. M. He is also an active and prominent member of the Methodist Episcopal church of Hilliard, and is now serving as one of che trustees of the parsonage. In his political affiliations he is a Democrat. He served as township assessor one term, and at the age of twenty-two became a member of the board of education, with which he has been connected almost continually ever since. During the long years of his residence in Franklin county, he has championed every movement designed to promote the general welfare, has supported every enterprise for the public good, and has materially aided in the advancement of all social, educational and moral interests. After a useful and honorable career he can well afford to lay aside all business cares and live at ease and retirement.

John Linebaugh

The deserved reward of a well spent life is an honorable retirement from business, in which to enjoy the fruits of former toil. Today, after a useful and beneficial career, John Linebaugh is quietly living on his farm in Jackson township, surrounded by the comfort that earnest labor has brought him. He was for many years prominently identified with the industrial and agricultural interests of Franklin countv.

Mr. Linebaugh was born in Union county, Pennsylvania, August 26, 181 5, and belongs to one of the early colonial families of that state, which was founded in this country by his paternal great-great-grandfather, a native of Germany, who settled on the farm hi York county, where the birth of the great-grandfather occurred. There the grandfather, Abram Linebaugh, was also born, and the farm, consisting of two hundred and fifty acres, is still in possession of the family. Upon that place the grandfather spent his entire life, and was one of the most prominent farmers of the community. The birth of the father, Abram Linebaugh, Jr., occurred on the old homestead, where he was reared to manhood. In early life he served as an apprentice to the carpenter's trade, which he followed for about twenty years, and then engaged in farming in Union county, Pennsylvania, until called from this life when about forty-five years of age. He was an earnest member of the Lutheran church, and was well known and highly respected. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Elizabeth Wikle, was also born in York county, and died at the age of eighty-six years. She, too, belonged to quite a prominent family. A nephew of hers was one of the first congressmen of the United States, and was still living in 1898, at the age of ninety-two years. Her father was also a native of York county, while her grandfather was born in Germany and became a prominent man and editor of a paper in York, Pennsylvania. In the Linebaugh family is a Bible two hundred years old. wdiich was published by the king of Germany and cost eighteen pounds sterling. Six of these Bibles were purchased by our subject's maternal grandfather and given to his children. Twenty years ago the one in the Linebaugh family had not a leaf broken.

John Linebaugh is the fourth in order of birth in a family of seven children, six sons and one daughter. The eldest, Daniel and Mary, twins, both lived to the age of eighty-six years; Abram, Jesse and William all died at the age of seventy; and Henry at the age of seventy-one. All remained in Pennsylvania with the exception of Henry and our subject, who came to Ohio.

At the age of eighty years, John Linebaugh accompanied his parents on their removal to York county, Pennsylvania, and remained with them until he attained his majority. At the age of eighteen he commenced learning the carpenter's trade, at which he worked for three years ^ in his native state, receiving one pair of coarse shoes' for his first two years' work as an apprentice. He w^as then given seven dollars per month and his board, and subsequently was employed at loading manure at fifty cents per day.

Determined to try his fortune in Ohio, Mr. Linebaugh drove with a twohorse team from York county, Pennsylvania, to Columbus, and began life here with a capital of thirty dollars which he had managed to save from his wages. He at once found employment at his trade, and helped lay the corner-stone of the state house, in wh'ich he put the constitution of the United States and also that of Ohio. As a contractor he erected the first cast iron front building in Columbus, and was successfully engaged in business in this city for about twenty years, after which he engaged in contracting and building throughout different parts of the county for fifteen years, making ui all thirty-five years, probably a longer period than any other contractor has carried on business here. On discontinuing work along that line, Mr. Linebaugh located on the farm in Jackson township where he now lives. It consists of three hundred and thirty acres, and at the time of purchase was wild and unimproved, not a stick of timber having been cut. He has since cleared the land, placed it under cultivation, erected a good brick residence, and made many other improvements which add greatly to the value and attractive appearance of the place. He has never actively engaged in agricultural pursuits, but has always rented the farm, and as he is unmarried he makes his home with his tenant, J. W. Ferguson, who has had charge of his farming operations for twenty years. Mr. Linebaugh owns over a thousand acres of land, entirely free from mortgage, six hundred ninety-live acres of which are in Franklin county, the remainder in Pickaway county. Darby ^station being located on a part of his land. Besides this valuable property he has considerable money on interest.

;Mr. Linebaugh has been a life-long Democrat and cast his first presidential vote for Martin VanBuren. He takes an active interest in everything pertaining to the good of the people, and gives a ready support to all measures for the public good, but has never been prevailed upon to accept office. He is a strong temperance man, having never tasted intoxicating liquor of any kind for fifty-six years, and never uses tobacco in any form. To his temperate habits he attributes his health and although eighty-live years of age he is as active to-day as most men of sixty. Since 1842 he has been a prominent and active member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and has ever taken a leading part in church work. He has held the office of steward in his church. His life is well worthy of emulation and all who know him hold him in the highest esteem.

Captain William Pixxey

Captain William Pinney is a prominent and well known farmer of Sharon township, now serving 011 the board of county commissioners. He takes an active part in public affairs and' his influence is ever found on the side of progress and improvement. Throughout a long and active career he has' commanded the respect of his fellow men by reason of his fidelity to duty, his honesty in business and his faithfulness to all obligations cf private life.

Captain Pinney is a son of Abner and a grandson of Putnam Pinney, who was the founder of the family in Franklin county and one of its honored pioneers at a time w4ien this section of the country was being evolved from the wilderness of frontier life to a district w'here all of the improvements and accessories of civilization are found. The grandfather was one of the Ohio company which came to the Buckeye state from Kentucky, the journey being made in 1802. He was accompanied by his family, who settled in Worthing- ton. Two of his brothers, Levi and Chester, made the journey at the same time. From that early day until his death Putnam Pinney resided in or near the town. He and his brother Levi were soldiers in the war of 1812 and he was recognized as one of the leading and influential men of the community, taking an active part in promoting all movements' and measures calculated to prove of benefit. For a number of years he filled the office of justice of the peace, and his ofificial career was extremely commendable. He carried on farming, and his energy and diligence enabled him to win success, so that he was numbered among the well-to-do citizens of his adopted county. He married Miss Polly Morrison, and unto them were born the following children : Henry Chester, Thompson, Lyman, Betsey and Louisa, all now deceased. The grandparents were both members of the St. John's Episcopal church of W'orthington, which they assisted in organizing and to the support of which they always contributed liberally, aiding in its work in every way as far as lay in their power. Mr. Pinney was also a member of New England Lodge, Xo. 4, F. & A. ]\L This worthy couple have long 'since been called to the home beyond, but the influence of the work which they performed along lines of development, progress, education and morality is felt.

Abner H. Pinney, the father of our subject, was born in Franklin county, December 6, 1805, and was here reared when this district was a section of cabin homes and unimproved farms. He w^as married in Delaware county, October 13, 1825, to Ann Cynthia Strong, and took up his abode in Worthington, later removing to Columbus, where he engaged in manufacturing and merchandising, continuing business there until 1852, when he established a manufacturing business in Jackson, Michigan, but continued his residence in Columbus up to the time of his death. He was a representative citizen, possessed of the enterprising spirit which has led to the rapid and substantial development of the west. His business interests were carefully prosecuted and he was a pioneer in the manufactory of farm implements. It is said of him by Columbus bankers that he was one of the best financiers in the state, and in all trade transactions his word was as good as his bond. Intricate business problems he rapidly comprehended, and wdiatever he undertook he carried forward to successful completion, brooking no obstacles that could be overcome by determined and honorable effort. He was generous to a fault and was of a kindly nature, considerate to the poor and withholding not the hand of assistance from any one really in need of aid. A man of strong convictions, he never faltered in support of what he believed to be right, yet was not bitterly j'ggressive, according to all the right which he reserved for himself of forming an unbiased opinion. He took a very deep and ardent interest in religious work, and f.')r many years was senior warden of St. John''Si Episcopal church, of Worthington. In politics he was a Whig, stanchly advocating the principles of the party. In his church work he was ably assisted and seconded by the efforts of his wife, a lady whose many excellent qualities of heart and mind won her the love and friendship of all. They were the parents of nine children, namely : Julia L., Henry C, Elizabeth P., Ann C, INIary E., Henrietta,

Justin, William and Nathan. The father died October 21, 1857. and j\Irs. Pinney passed away June 25, 1884, at the age of eighty-four years, her birth having occurred in Delaware county, Ohio, May 21, 1803.

Their son, Captain William Pinney, whose name forms the caption of this review, was born in the city of Columbus, Ohio, on Christmas day of 1840. His childhood days were passed in his parents' home amid its refining influences, and in the public schools he mastered the branches of English learning which prepare the young for the practical duties of business and social life. Before attaining his majority the country had become engaged in Civil war. He had watched with interest the progress of events in the south, and his loyal spirit was aroused by the rebellion which threatened the Union. He therefore enlisted as a member of Company E, Forty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was mustered into service as second lieutenant September 27, 1862. Soon afterward the regiment was transferred to the seat of w^ar in Kentucky and he was attached to the Fifteenth Army Corps, which formed a part of the Army of the Tennessee. In November, following. Captain Pinney was promoted, winning the title by which he is now known. He flrsi; became familiar with the hardships of war in the hotly contested battle of Shiloh, where he was wounded, but not so 'seriously as to necessitate his departure from the field. He was the first man in his regiment hit by Rebel lead. Among the other important engagements in which he participated and bore an honorable part w^ere the battles of Corinth, the long siege of Vicksburg, in which fighting w^as' almost a daily occurrence for many months. Black River and Jackson, which ended the fighting for his command in that section, for after the engagement at that place the regiment proceeded by way of Memphis to Chattanooga, joining the Army of the Cumberland, then confronted by the Rebel hostsi in the mountains of Tennessee. Captain. Pinney participate!^, in the battle of Chattanooga and Missionary Ridge, after which the corps marched to the relief of Knoxville, where Burnside's army lay "bottled up," as expressed by General Grant. That was one of the hardest campaigns of the war, involving hard fighting, exposure and long and arduous marches. His command subsequently joined the Army of the Tennessee while it w^as fighting its' way from Chattanooga to Atlanta. The expo'sure and rigor of war during the Knoxville campaign so wrought upon Captain Finney's health that he contracted rheumatism in a serious form, which incapacitated him for further service. It was with deep regret that he was forced to retire from the army before the Union troops had accomplished their mission of crushing out the rebellion in the South. However, fate was inexorable and he was honorably discharged by order of the department October 19, 1864.

The Captain then returned to his home, and after recuperating his health he located in Worthington, where he engaged in the grocery and grain trade and at the same time continued the operation of his farm. He continued his mercantile operations for seven or eight years and then disposed of those interests in order to give his entire attention to his agricultural pursuits. His well ordered and highly improved farm of one hundred and seventy-eight acres adjoins the village of Worthington. It is a model of neatness and indicates the taste and progressive spirit of the owner, who has bestowed upon it much care and labor. The Captain has been twice married, his first union being with Miss Jennie Beers, by whom he had eight children, namely : Ida, Hattie, Henry, Justin, James, Wesley, Wolcctt and Olive; but the last named is now deceased. For his second wife he chose Miss S. E. Wilcox. He is well known and prominent in benevolent and fraternal organizations. He belongs to Worthington Lodge, No. 270, I. O. O. F., and is also a member of the encampment. His name is on the membership rolls of the Grand Army of the Republic and of the Loyal Legion. He now belongs to H. C. Burr Post, which was named in honor of H. C. Burr, who was Captain Finney's orderly sergeant and was killed at Shiloh. Of this post the Captain was the first commander and he has ever taken a deep interest in promoting its welfare. In politics he is a stanch Republican, unswerving in his advocacy of the party which upheld the Union and which has ever been on the side of reform and progress. He cast his first vote while in the service, supporting Governor Brough, of Ohio. He has since been for many years a participant in the councils of the party, attending many of its conventions as a delegate, and in 1896 he was elected county commissioner, discharging the duties of the position so acceptably that he was re-elected twO' years later and has alternated with the other commissioners as chairman of the board. \\'hile in this responsible position he has by the exercise of sound judgment won the confidence and approval of the people of Franklin county, for he has labored untiringly for its interests. He has also held a number of township offices, having creditably served as trustee, clerk and assessor. In all matters pertaining to the general welfare he is deeply interested and contributes in a large measure to the promotion of those movements which he believes will advance public progress. He is always loyal to the cause which he espouses, faithful to the principles in which he believes and true to the obligations of public and private life in every particular. These qualities have won him warm regard wherever he is known, and in his native county he has indeed a host of true friends.

The value of the Scotch-Irish character has been many times demonstrated in all parts of Am.srica. Among the Scotch-Irish families who settled early in the northern part of Pennsylvania was that of Smiley and there was born Thomas Smiley, who became a Baptist minister and passed his entire active life and died in Bradford county. Rev. Thomas Smiley was the greatgrandfather of David Deems Smiley, of Norwich township, Franklin county, Ohio. His son, David was born in Bradford county. Pennsylvania, and his son, David, Jr., married Sarah Deems and they were the parents of David Deems Smiley.

Franklin county. Ohio, on which he now lives, August 17, 1864, and was educated in the district school and at Hilliard high school and early initiated into everything pertaining to practical farming. After the death of his father, in the winter of 1893-94, David Deems and Charley Smiley took charge of the homestead farm and have managed it successfully, to the present time. June 24, 1891, Mr, Smiley married J\liss Lily A. Binns, of Franklin township, who died November 21, 1894, leaving a sen, David Binns Smiley, who is now^ eight years old. Charles Smiley was married to Laura Binns, of Topeka, Kansas, who died in November_, 1897, leaving two children, - Ruth and Ray.

Thomas Deems, the grandfather of David Deems Smiley in the maternal line, w^as a son of John Deems, a native of Pennsylvania, who married Sarah Roland and had children as follows : John, who settled in Illinois ; Elizabeth, who married David Landers, and located in Lidiana, wdiere her husband died and she married again, dying young near Zanesville, Ohio, leaving three small children; Thomas, grandfather of David Deems Smiley. Thomas Deems was born in Pennsylvania and when he was twelve years old he was taken by his parents to Gratiot, Licking county, Ohio, wdiere he learned the blacksmith's trade. He married Mary Sims, a native of Licking county and daughter of Simeon Sims, and about 1840 removed with his wife and family to P'ranklin county, Ohio, and bought a farm in Franklin, which was his home until his death, which occurred January 4, 1880. His wife died November 10, 1869. The following items of interest concerning their children have been taken from family records: Melissa, born June 26, 1829, married James Kennard and died in Franklin county, Ohio; Gilbert C, born December i, 1830, married Ann Segraves and died in Franklin county. Jerusha, born October 10, 1832, married C. W, Wagner and died at Columbus, Ohio. Stephen F., born March 23, 1834, married Eliza Payten. Sarah, Avho was born June 30, 1836, married David Smiley, father of David Deems Smiley. Lavinia, born June 13, 1838, died in infancy.

Henry Richter

Henry Richter^ who is identified with the building interests of Columbus and is well known as a reliable and trustworthy business man, was' born in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, March 6, 1853, his parents being Charles and Dorothy (Geissler) Richter, both of whom are natives of Germany, born in the same locality. In 1854 they came with their children to the United States, landing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where they remained for seven years. Then, in i860, they came to Ohio, settling at Grove City, Franklin county, which was their place of abode until 1868. In that year Mr. Richter moved to a farm five miles east of Columbus and devoted his energies to agricultural pursuits until October 17, 1900, when he retired from active labor, but still resides on the farm. During his active business career he became a prosperous farmer, acquiring a comfortable competence as the result of his well directed efforts. His political support is. given the Republican party, but he never held office. His wife died September 17, 1875. They had eight sons and four daughters, ten of whom reached years of maturity, while six of the sons are still living. Their father was a member of Company F, One Hundred and Eighty-fifth Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served a year, - until the close of the great rd>ellion.

Henry Richter, who is the subject proper of this sketch, attended the common schools of Grove City, Ohio, and at the age of fourteen put aside his text-booksi to learn the more difficult lessons of life's experience. He was apprenticed to Mr. Keck, a carpenter, with whom he continued to work at his trade until 1874, when he began taking contracts and building. He has made and executed many important contracts, and many of the fine structures of the city are an indication of his skill and handiwork. He erected a greater part of the M. C. Lilly Regalia Works, the residences^ of John Siebert and William Bobb, and many other fine structures in Columbus. He was the superintendent of construction on the Great Southern Hotel, and has done good work of a similar nature in many other siections of the citv. He employs a large force of w^orkmen, faithfully executes all the terms of his contracts and is enjoying a very liberal patronage.

He is a director of the Columbus Savings & Trust Company, also a director of, and stockholder in, the Ohio National Bank. He has been a moving spirit in the successful conduct of many enterprises which have been of material benefit to the city, while contributing to his own prosperity. He is a member of the 1890 Decennial Board of Equalization for the city of Columbus.

In 1875 he was' united in marriage to Miss Mary A. Trapp. a daughter of Reinhard and Catherine (Burgraft') Trapp. They now have two children, - Walter and Harry.

Mr. Richter is a very prominent Mason, belonging to the blue lodge, chapter and has attained the thirty-second degree. He is also a valued represientative of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in w^hich he has been the treasurer of the board of trustees of their temple for the past four years. He is a past grand of Harmonia Lodge, No. 358, of this order, als'o a past patriarch of Encampment No. 96, and a past chancellor of Germania Lodge, No. 4, K. of P.

Asbury Scofield

Norwich township, Franklin county, Ohio, numbers in its population several old and well esteemed citizens, but there is not one of them who stands higher in public opinion than the man whose name forms the title of this sketch.

Elijah Scofield, grandfather of Asbury Scofield, was a native of Marvland. He married Miss Rosa Kuntz, of German extraction, early in the nineteenth century, and some vears afterward came with his wife and family of three girls and seven boys, to "Muskingum county, Ohio, where he engaged in farming, was well known as a Dunkard preacher and died about 1834. His wife died about three or four years later. They had children as follows.: Benjamin, who died in Franklin county, Ohio; Amos, who died in Ross county, Ohio; Elijah, who also died in Ross county; Jesse, who died in Franklin county, Ohio; Daniel, who died in Fairfield county, Ohio; Henry, who went to the far west ; Dorcas, who married and went west ; Rhoda, who became Mrs. Ingersoll ; and Polly, who married a brother of Rhoda's' husband, both 'Sisters dying in the west; and Elias, the first born, who was the father of Asbury Scofield. These brothers and sisters were all born in Maryland, and Elias was' a mere boy when his parents moved to Muskingum county, Ohio, where he grew to manhood and learned the wagon-maker's trade. He mar- 'lied Rebecca Kaufifman^daughter of William Kauffman, ofMuskingum.county. and for some years lived on a farm there and worked at his trade. He came to Norwich township, Franklin county, Ohio, about 1836, and bought four hundred acres of land, a mile south of Hilliard, which was in the midst of a wilderness, infested by wild animals and abounding in wild game. Elias Scofield entered vigorously upon the work of clearing land and developing a farm and gave his^ attention to the physical ailments of the settlers round about, for he became a physician of the Thompsonian school and rode many miles in all directions ministering to suffering humanity. He was brought up in the Dunkard faith and eventually became a member of the Christian church. In politics he was a Whig. Late in life he retired to Columbus, where he died about 1862. His wife died about five years later. Their oldest child was Milton, who served through the entire period of the Civil war in the Ninety-fifth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and died at Columbus. Asbury Scofield was the next in order of birth. John died in Franklin county. William, who died in Franklin Co., also, was the father of Nathan A. Scofield, a biographical sketch of whom appears in this work. Keziah married Orne Edwin Warren and lives at Memphis, Missouri. Martha died in Franklin county, unmarried. Elias is a successful lawyer at Memphis, ]\Iissouri. David served in the Ninety-fifth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and died in Missouri. Ada I. died at the age of sixteen.

Asbury Scofield was born in Muskingum county, Ohid, June 12, 1827, and was about ten years old when his parents removed to Franklin county. Ohio. He was brought up as a farmer's boy of all work and went to school when he was not needed at home. Schoolhouses were not plentiful in Ohio in those days and such as there were were log structures of the most primitive kind, w^th stick chimneys, slab benches and paper windows and the schools were not much better than the bouses in which they were kept, but they served their purpose in their time after a fashion and opened a way to better things educationally. While Mr. Scofield's youth was not an unhappy one, it was far from being an idle one. He early became a good chopper and was an enthusiastic hunter. He worked early and late on the farm and, at times, almost literally day and night in his father's sawmill. After his marriage he located on the old home farm and worked twelve acres of land which his father gave him and rented and operated the sawmill. Later he bought sixty-two acres more and continued the work of improvement until he went to Hardin county, Ohio, and there bought fifty acres of land on which he lived nearly two years and which he sold in order to return to Norwich township, where he soon after bought another fifty acres. Subsequently he bought his present farm of one hundred and fifty-five acres. His last experience as a lumberman was in Hardin county where he ran a sawmill in connection with his farming operations. After his return to Franklin county, he gave his attention exclusively to farming in which he has met with flattering success. He married Lucy Jane Scrimger, of Norwich township, a daughter of William and Mary Scrimger, who died in 1886, having borne him children as follows: Lorenzo F, is' a successful physician at West Jefferson, Madison county. Ohio. John F. and Chauncey A. are satisfactorily established in life at Columbus, Ohio. Laura became the wife of James INIerriman, and died in Norwich township. Lydia died at the age of five years.

Mr. Scofield is a trustee in the Methodist Episcopal church at Hilliard, of which he has been a member since 1872. He is an unswerving Republican and wields and influence in his towship always beneficial to his party, but has always refused to accept any public ofiice though many have been offered" him. He is a good example of a self-made American, sturdy, independent and successful, the soul of honor, and safe in the esteem of his fellow citizen;.

George W. Ingham

The subject of this review, who was one of the most succes3ful farmers and highly esteemed citizens of Clinton township for many years, was born there in 1816, a son of Abraham and Sarah Ingham, natives of New York state, who came to this county at a very early day in its development. On the old homestead our subject grew to manhood, and the education he acquired in the common schools of the neighborhood well fitted him for the responsible duties of life. Farming was his chosen occupation, though he also carried on contracting and building to quite an extent, and in his undertakings steadily prospered, accumulating a good property, though he started out in life for himself empty-handed. He was one of the leading and representative citizens of his community and was called upon to fill various local offices, the duties of which he most acceptably discharged. He was captain of a company in the old state militia, and during the Civil war raised a company which he drilled, but did not himself enter the service. From early life he was a member of the Episcopal church, and in politics was an uncompromising Renublican who took an active and influential part in local affairs. He died ]\Iay 8, 1894, honored and respected by all who knew him.

born four children, as follows: Thomas A., who married Mary F. Imley; Sarah A., the wife of John R. McDonald, of this county; Mary E., who died at the age of four years, nine months and nine days; and Ida R., the wife of William Hard, of this county.

Elijah Legg, the grandfather of Mrs. Ingham, was a native of Virginia, where he married Tabitha Holly, and where were born to them seven children, namely: Thomas; John; James; Elizabeth, wife of Levi Wiley; Lucy, wife of Thomas O'Hara; Mary, wife of James Walcott; and Susan, wife of Robert Walcott. In 1816 Mr. Legg came to this county wuth his family, and for a time engaged in farming on rented land in Perry township, where he subsequently purchased a farm, making it his home throughout the remainder of his life. Both he and his wife were among the pioneer members of the Baptist church in this locality, and as there was no house of worship belonging to that denomination in the county when he located here, services were held in school houses and private residences. Mr. Legg was a successful farmer and was highly respected for his many excellent qualities. He died in 1852, and his wife in 1845.

Thomas Legg, Mrs. Ingham's father, was twenty-one years of age on the removal of the family from the Old Dominion to this state in 1816. He first settled in Ross county, where he w'as married to Miss Amelia Lane, also a native of Virginia, wdio was nine years old wdien brought by her parents, John and Nancy (Defoe) Lane, to Ohio, their last days being passed in Ross county, W'here Mr. Lane purchased property. After his marriage, Mr. Legg continued his residence in that county until 1828, when with his wife and five children he removed to Franklin Co., and bought one hundred acres of heavily W'Ooded land in Perry township, paying for the same four dollars per acre. Here he erected a log cabin, which contained the proverbial fire place with its stick chimney. Upon this land he made a permanent home, while he cleared away the forest, erected good and substantial buildings and otherwise improved the place, converting it into one of the best farms of the locality. In his labors he met wath excellent success, and accumulated considerable property. His children born in Ross county w^ere Nancy D., Elizabeth Holly, John F., Lucinda and Elias, and in this county the family circle was increased by the birth of six others, namely : Martha, Thomas, Susan, Lewis, Amelia and Minerva. Only four are now^ living: Nancy D., John P\, Lewis and Amelia. The mother of these children died August 15, 1852, at the age of fifty-three years. From the age of thirteen years she was a devout and consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal church, wdio seemed possessed of all the Christian virtues, and was greatly beloved for her excellent qualities of mind and heart. For his second wife ]\Ir. Legg married Mrs. Hannah Weatherbee, who survives him. His death occurred September 28. 1887. Politically he was a Democrat, and in the war of 181 2 he served in a Virginia troop, later receiving a pension in recognition of his services. He was a good citizen, friend and neighbor, and was held in high regard ])y all with whom he came in contact either in business or social life.

Success is determined by one's ability to recognize opportunity, and to pursue this with a resolute and unflagging energy. It results from continued labor, and the man who thus accomplishes his puqDose usually becomes an important factor in the business circles of the community with which he is connected. Dr. Townsend, through such means, has attained a leading place among the representative men of Hilliard, where he is now successfully conducting a drug store, and as a physician is engaged in office practice.

The Townsend family was founded in America by his great-grandfather, a native of England. The grandfather, Stephen Townsend, was a life-long resident of Belmont county, Ohio, and a farmer by occupation. He married a Miss Bingham. Levi Kennard Townsend, the Doctor's father, was born near Jerusalem, Belmont county, about 18 18, and was reared as a farmer boy, receiving a common school education. In early life he learned the blacksmith's trade, which he followed until 1852, when he embarked in the dry goods business in Washington county, this state. He continued to follow that line of trade in various places until the fall of 1869, when he removed to Muscatine county, Iowa, and turned his attention to farming. He had married Abigail Stanton, a native of Belmont county, Ohio, and a daughter of William and Margaret (Leslie) Stanton. She died in Muscatine county, Iowa, in 1870, and about two years later the father returned to Ohio, and lived with our subject two years, but at the end of that time he again went to Aluscatine county, Iowa, where he married and continued to reside until his death, in 1884. He was a Republican in politics, and in religious faith both he and his first wife were Quakers. The children born to them were William S., a physician of Galloway, this county, who is a graduate of the Iowa Medical College; Stephen, our subject; Thomas K., a resident of Lincoln, Nebraska; Lewis, of Chicago; Anna, who died at the age of twentyone years; Clarkson, of Chicago; Charles and Mary, both deceased.

Di*. Townsend, of this review, was born in Belmont county, Ohio, on the 13th of September, 1847, and was about two years old when the family removed to Washington county, and was nineteen when they located in Athens county, this state. Until that time his life had been spent upon a farm and his education was obtained in the district schools of the neighborhood. From the age of fifteen to nineteen he was employed at times by a merchant to drive a team, and then began learning the carriage builder's trade in Athens county, <:erving a two years' apprenticeship. The following two years he worked as a journeyman, and then opened a shop of his own in Guysville. where he continued business until the fall of 1880, when he accepted the position of manager for the Singer Sewing ^Machine Company, and filled the same for eight years. In the meantime he took up the study of medicine in Columbus under an able physician, and in 1887 entered Starling Aledical College at that place, where he attended lectures three terms. He was graduated at the Wooster Medical College in the class of 1890, and for a few months had charge of the practice of Dr. Leeper while that gentleman was away on a vacation. He then came to Hilliard, and in November of the same year opened a drug store, which he conducted in connection with his practice tor some tune, but during the past year has given up outside practice. He is a wide-awake, energetic business man, whose success in life is due entirely to his own well-directed efforts.

In November, 1869, Dr. Townsend was married in Guysville to Miss Mary Windsor, who died at Logan, Ohio, in 1880. By that union there were five children, namely : Herbert, who is a member of Company C, Fortyfirst Regiment, with the army in the Philippines, and holds the position of company artificer; Emma L., widow of Harry Barnett; William Ellsworth, bugler with Grant's scouts on duty in the Philippines; Carl, a resident of Hilliard, Ohio; and Grace, who died young. The Doctor was again married in 1896, his second union being with Mrs. Alice Roll. He was formerly a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and is now connected wath the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and the Masonic fraternity at Columbus. In his political views he is an ardent Republican, and has served as county committeeman two years. He eminently deserves classification among those purely self-made men who have distinguished themselves for their ability to master the opposing forces of life and to wrest from fate a large measure of success and an honorable name.

Frederick W^ ]\Hchel. who was widely known as a leading and representative agriculturist of Franklin county, Ohio, and resided upon his well cultivated farm in Prairie township, was called from this life in November, 1900, and his death w^as the cause of widespread regret, while the community mourned the loss of one of its truest and best citizens.

His father. John F. Michel, was a native of Germany, who came with hisi wdfe and children to America in 1832. They sailed from Havre, France, and landed in Baltimore, Maryland, six weeks later, where Mr. Michel hired a horse and wagon and had his goods transported to York, Pennsylvania. Soon after he secured employment in the iron^ works some ten miles from York, W'here he labored until he found a better situation in the neighborhood of Wrightsville, wdiere he rented a house and became a farm laborer. Succeeding w-ell, he next bought forty acres and engaged in farming, remaining until the time of his death in 1847. After his death his widow took our subject and his brother George to Ohio and located in Rome, w^hich was the home of her son, Gottleib Michel, w^ho had settled in Ohio some time before. There the mother died in 1872, at the age of eighty-six. She left these children: Gottleib, John, George and our subject.

Frederick W. Alichel, who is our subject, was born in Baden, Germanv, December 15, 1822, and was ten years old when he came to the United States with his father. His education was received in Pennsylvania, and at the age of eighteen entered the Slaymayer Iron W^orks, near Wh-ightsville, where he remained until the business was discontinued, when he immediately went into the employ of Smalls & Company, as a blacksmith. Later he engaged in work for a Baltimore firm, continuing with that house for six years and then returned to his home near Wrightsville. In 1853 he accompanied his mother and brother George to Rome, where our subject bought property and engaged in his trade of smith. During Morgan's raid through Ohio cur subject was called out and did service at Camp Chase. While still working in his' 'Shop be bought land, adding thereto a few acres at a time until at the time of his death he owned valuable property in I^Iarion county and considerable real estate at Rome, Ohio.

The marriage of our subject took place in York. Pennsylvania, m November, 1847, to Miss Leah Lehr, who was born in York November 30, 1826, a daughter of one of the old settlers. Their children were: William, who resides in Marion county, Ohio; Frederick, who lives in Madison county, this state; George, who died young; Charles, who lives in ^lilford Center, Ohio; Sarah, who married John Renner, and lives in Norwich township; and John, who resides in Rome. '

INIr. Michel was a very successful man. but he earned all he possessed by his own efforts. He was' long identified with the Democratic party, and the family are connected with the Lutheran church, where they are highly regarded.

Christian S. Herr

Christian S. Herr, who follows farming on section 26, Hamilton township, was born on section 14 of the same township October 7, 1833. His grandfather was a native of Pennsylvania, and was of German lineage. John Herr, the father of our subject, was a native of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, and in the year 1833 came to Franklin county, Ohio, locating in Hamilton township, where he carried on agricultural pursuits until his death, which occurred when he was. seventy-four years of age. He was a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and in his political affiliations was first a Whig and afterward a Repuljlican. Ere leaving the Keystone state he married Ann Stopher, also a native of Pennsylvania, as was her father. The Stopher family was of German origin. Mrs. Herr died at the family homestead in Hamilton township when about forty-four years of age. She became the mother of eleven children, of whom the following reached mature years: Levi, Mary, Elijah, Samuel, Frank, John, Christian S., Benjamin, Henry and Amanda. Ann died when about seven years old.

Christian S. Herr, the seventh in order of birth, was reared in his native township, and when he had attained an age sufficient to begin his education he became a pupil in the little log school house of the neighborhood, there acquiring a fundamental knowledge of the English branches of learning. The days of his boyhood and youth were spent on the home farm and in the work of fields and garden he bore his part.

In 1865 he was united in marriage to Susan Stoutzenbarger, who was' born in Hamilton township, Franklin county, a daughter of Jacob and Eliza Stoutzenbarger, who were early settlers of Franklin county. Mrs. Herr was their fourth child, and is the only one who grew to womanhood, the others having died in infancy. Unto our subject and his wife were born three daughters and a son, namely : Etta, wife of William Holmes, of Columbus, by whom 'she has a daughter, Ruth; Irene, wife of Zeb Travis', a resident of Toledo, Ohio, by whom she has one son, Herbert; Jacob S., who is engaged in the grain and elevator business in Columbus; and Cora, who died at the age of one year.

After his marriage IMr. Herr located upon a farm on section 4. Hamilton township, and there carried' on agricultural pursuits for twenty-four years, devoting his energies' to the cultivation of the fields and to dealing in horses. In 1890 he located upon his present farm and erected a fine brick residence at a cost of thirty-five hundred dollars. It is the best in the township, and the other improvements upon the place are in keeping with the home. In 1897 he engaged in the grain business in Groveport, in partnership with Albert and Ray Herr. They have elevators at Groveport, Reese's and Columbus, and their operations in this line are quite extensive. They purchase and ship grain on a large scale and are meeting with excellent success in this undertaking. Mr. Herr also continues the cultivation of his farm of four hundred and forty acres, lying partly in Hamilton and partly in Aladison townships.

In 1895, after a long and happy married life of thirty years, Mrs. Herr was called to her final rest, her loss being deeply mourned by her family and friends. In his political views Mr. Herr is a Republican on questions of national importance, but at local elections votes independently, regarding merely the fitness of the candidate for the discharge of the duties connected with the business afl:'airs of town and county. His own diligence and careful management have brought to him creditable success and he is now accounted one of the substantial citizens of the. community.

Williaai Bulen

William Bulen, deceased, was for many years prominently identified Avith the agricultural interests of Franklin county, and was one of the most highly esteemed citizens of Truro township. His early home was on the other side of the Atlantic, for he was born in England May 2, 182 1, and was eleven years of age on the emigration of his family to Canada. Five years' later they came to this county, taking up their residence in Truro township, w^here the father, William E. Bulen. purchased one hundred acres of land, but he was not long permitted to enjoy his new home, however, as he died shortly after locating there. The first hrme of the family in this county was built of logs.

Our subject aided in the arduous task of clearing and improving the farm. His early ieducation, which was rather limited, was all acquired in the schools of England and Canada prior to the removal of the family to Ohio. In takmg his father's farm he was compelled to pay the other heirs more than the property was worth, but he continued its operation for ten years, and then purchased the farm on which his widow now resides. He was enterprismg and persevering, and his well-directed efforts were at length crowned with, success, so that at his death he left an estate of five hundred and forty-eight a^res of valuable and productive land, all improved in the best possible manner.

On the 30th of March, 1847, Mr. Bulen wedded Miss Mary A. Thompson, a daughter of McKee Thompson, one of the early settlers of Franklin couiJty, who came here from Kentucky when very young. Here Mrs. Bulen received a common-school education, beginning her studies' in a primitive log school house with its slab seats and other rude furniture. Of the live children born to our subject and his wife only two are now living: James McKee, the older, is now a resident of Bozeman, Montana ; wdiile Granville Moody' is a prominent farmer of Harrison township, this county, where he owns and operates a farm of three hundred and forty acres.

In his political views' Mr. Bulen was a Republican. He served as judge of elections, and for the long period of forty years most capably filled the office of school director, having always taken an active interest in educational affairs'. He was a lifelong member and liberal supporter of the Methodist Episcopal church, with which his widow has also been connected for sixty yearsi. After a long and useful life of seventy-seven years, he passed away March 10, 1899. He was a man of the highest respectability, and those who were most intimately associated with him speak in unqualified terms oi his sterling integrity, his honor in business, and his fidelity to all the duties' of public and private life. Mrs. Bulen is an estimable lady of many sterling qualities, and has a large circle of friends in the community where she resides.

John W. Howard

The descendants of New England pioneers in Ohio are among the best citizens of the state. The Yankee contingent of that band of pioneers who redeemed Franklin county from the wilderness and made it "to bloom like the rose" had a worthy representative in Eleazar Howard, father of John W. Howard, of Norwich township. Eleazar Howard was a son of Abner Howard, a native of Tarlton township, W^indham county, Connecticut, a soldier of the Revolution, who died in the Nutmeg state. Eleazar Howard was born in Windham county, Connecticut, in the latter part of the eighteenth century and married Matilda Wood, and not long after his marriage he and two of his brothers set out for the west. When they had arrived in the state of New York his brothers refused to go further, and one of them returned to Connecticut and the other remained in eastern New York and died there. Eleazar went to Monroe county, in the western part of New York, and acquired four hundred acres of land there. Returning to Connecticut, he brought his family to his big woodland farm in the Genesee valley, where they had a home for many years'. Later he came to Norwich township, FrankHn county, Ohio, and there bought a large tract of land on which he settled. In the spring of 1851 he removed to lllinoi'S with his wife and youngest son, where he and h.is wife both died. A man of much force of character, he was original in thought and speech and independent in action, and in politics he was not a partisan but held himself aloof from party afifiliation, free to vote as he thought best and he withdrew eventually from the Baptist church, of which he had early become a member, and his life thereafter was' guided alone by the golden rule. His children were named as follows in the order of their birth : Edwin, who died in Monroe county, New York; George, who died in the same county, near Rochester; Orson, who died in Empire township, McLean county, Illinois; John W., who is the immediate subject of this sketch; Joseph, who died in Gates, Monroe county, New York; and Hartw^U Carver, a resident of Champaign City, Illinois.

John W. Howard was' born in the town of Henrietta, Monroe county. New York, April 22, 1824. and attended school near his father's home in a log school house with 'slab benches, and early acquired a somewhat remarkable record in mathematics, for which he seemed to have a natural talent. May 20, 1843, he started with his father's family for Norwich township, Franklin county, Ohio, where they arrived June 8, following, and during their eighteenday s journey he drove cattle, provender for which and the other stock belonging to his father they brought along by wagon. The wild farm in Franklin county was' covered with black walnut trees, which would to-day be worth more than the land upon which they grew, but which they w^ere glad to get rid of as best they could. Mr. Howard asisisted his father as long as the latter remained in Ohio and at the age of twenty-six married and began housekeeping in an old log house which stood on the homestead. Not liking Ohio, the elder Howard with his wife and youngest son removed to Illinois, leaving the homestead to his boys who remained, but it was under an incumbrance of seven thousand! dollars which it was necessary for them to clear off in order to make good their title to the property. In the division of the land John W. Howard received one hundred and fifty acres. Later he bought the farm of one hundred and ninety-four acres on which he now lives and since that time he has become possessed of several fine farms, including one at Arlington, near Columbus, for which he paid seventeen thousand dollars. He became known as one of the largest land-owners in the county^ and before he gave farms to his children owned nearly six hundred acres.

Mr. Howard's' success in life has been won on strictly legitimite and honorable business principles. Always energetic and industrious, he for many years took the lead in all work on his farm and became known for his ability in cradling wheat and cutting corn, and at such work he had few equals and no superior. He is one of the prominent Masons of his township and is. a stanch Republican, and filled the office of township trustee with much ability for four years. He was marri-ed, in Norwich township, in 1850, to Mary Rogers, who died after having borne him children as follows : Martin, who lives in Empire township, McLean county, Illinois; Emma, who married Charles' Walcott, of Franklin township, Franklin county, Ohio; Edward T., who lives on his father's home farm ; Inez, who is Mrs. Harry Walcott ; and Nettie, who married Walton C. Lakin.

Frederick Ferdinand Wing

From that thrifty and progressive German stock which has been so beneficial to our American citizenship came Frederick Ferdinand Wing, a prominent citizen of Franklin county, Ohio, who is kown as a prosperous liveryman and harnessmaker, of Dublin, Washington township.

Joseph Wing, grandfather of Frederick Ferdinand \Ving, was born in Germany and came to the United States and located at Buzzards' Bay, Massachusetts, w^bere he took up one thousand, three hundred acres of land, and it is on a' portion of this land that ex-President Cleveland has his summer home. He married and by his death left thirteen children, some of whom died without issue, thus leaving one liundred and twenty-five acres of the home farm land to each of those w^ho remained. Jesse Wing, son of Joseph \Mng and father of the subject of this' sketch, was born on the old family homestead, at Buzzards' Bay, Massachusetts, received a good education and learned the shoemaker's trade. He married Celinda T. Sprague, who was born in Delaware, Ohio, in 1812, and was visiting relatives at Buzzards' Bay when she met Mr. Wing, and they became attached to each other. Miss Sprague was* a daughter of Pardon Sprague. a native of Ireland, who came to the United States when a young man and was married in Massachusetts. He was a pioneer at Delaware, Ohio, where he built a hotel. After the death of his first wife he married a Miss Meeker, and they remained in Massachusietts until September, 1838, two children having been born to them meantime, and then came to Columbus, Ohio, all the way by canal-boat, and from Columbus' they came direct to Dublin, where Mr. Wing opened a shoe shop on the site of the present building of the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, in which he employed skilled workmen and built up a business by which he prospered until 1857, when he removed to Worthington, where he died January 2, 1859. After his death his' widow returned, to Dublin, where she died October 10, 1875. She was a m'ember of the Christian church and a woman of many virtues. Mr. Wing was a free-soiler and a Whig, and was not only a lover of liberty but a lover of justice and a citizen of much worth and influence. Their children w-ere as follows: Pardon Jesse, who died in Dublin at the age of fifty-five; Elnathan Disbro, of Columbus, was accidentally killed March 30, 1901. by being run over by a team; Sophia, who died at the age of sixteen years; Frederick Ferdinand, who is the immediate subject of this sketch ; Gerrard, who served in tlie Civil war three years as a member of Company H. One Hundred and Thirteenth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, was wounded in the hand at Resaca. Georgia, and died years afterward at Dublin ; John Quincy Adams, of Dublin, who married Emily Shepp, of Burlington, Iowa; Albert Chapman, who went to Burlington, Iowa, and thence to Kansas, where he married and whence, after two children had been born to him, he set out with his family, carrying their portable property by means of two mule teams, for Washington Territory, dying of mountain fever en route, leaving a widow and three children, one an infant, which soon died; Mary, who married Thomas Simmons and died at Plain City, Ohio; Tamson, who married jMatthew Batchelder and lives at Burlington, Iowa; Rose, who died in infancy; and Clara, who is' Mrs. Frank Bannon, of Columbus, Ohio.