Columbus City (part 30 of 57)

J\Ir. Hart has taken an active part in the deliberations of the Republican party, and he and his estimable wife are members of the Methodist church, in which he is' a trustee and is highly valued on account of his efficiency and readiness in the performance of religious duties. He is well known and highly respected throughout the township.

William Cline

One of the oldest settlers and a prominent farmer of Franklin county, Ohio, is William Cline, who was born in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, August 9, 1832. He was a son of Conrad and ^lartha Rebecca (Heaton) Cline, both of them natives of the Keystone state. They settled in Franklin county in 1833, residing one year in Columbus and then removing to the farm upon which our subject now resides. Conrad Cline was one of the pioneers of the county and he and his family endured' all the privations' which attended the settling of the new home. Nothing can bring the life of that yesterday to the mind so well as do the tales from the picneer's own lips. The rude log huts in the wilderness, the struggles with savage animals and wild nature, the deprivations' and unavoidable hcme-sickness, and then the overcoming of all these conditions, make tales well worthy of attention. All of these experiences came into the lives of the parents of our subject, but they lived out their four-score and ten years, dying at the age of eighty-four years. The family consisted of three children, our subject being the only son, his two sisters being ^lary Jane, the wife of Charles White, of Franklin township; and Anna, the wife of Richard Vanderburg, - both of whom are deceased.

\\^illiam Cline was but one year of age when brought to Franklin county, and here he grew tO' manhood. His schooling was that obtainalile in the country and was often interrupted by the necessity of beginning work as soon as the seasons were far enough advanced for agricultural labor. In those days no machinery was to be had, many of the present implements had not been invented, and the threshing of the grain was accomplished by the trampling of horses upon the wheat, which was spread in a small circle upon hard ground. Until his marriage he remained with his father, later engaging in general farming upon a part of the estate. He now owns two hundred and

Mr. CHne was married in Franklin township, November 4, 1858, to j\Iiss Lydia Briggs, the only sister of Henry Briggs, whose sketch appears upon another page of this work. The death of Mrs. Cline took place November 8, 1 888, leaving three children and the bereaved husband. The children are: Anna, the wife of Nelson Breninger, of Texas; Lester, who married Lydia ]Moore, of Franklin county and resides at home; and Willard. who married Lizzie Huffman and is also at home.

The political opinions of Mr. Cline favor the Democratic party, and he has alwavs taken a great interest in its success'. He has faithfully served the township as trustee for eleven years, and has many times filled the minor oflices. In all the county there is no one more thoroughly respected than our subject. He has done much for the development of the section in which he lives, and has taken intense interest in the improvements which have been wrought since his advent so many years ago.

Barnabas Pfhnney

For many years this gentleman was .prominently identified with the agricultural and business interests of Franklin county, Ohio, his home being on a farm in Clinton township, where he died on the 28th of January, 1899, honored and respected by all who knew him. He was born in Lee, Berkshire county, Massachusetts, April 3, 181 3, and when four years of age moved to New York state with his parents, Calvin an^l Thankful (Bassett) Phinney, residing there until the removal of the family to ]\Iedina county, Ohio, more than sixty years ago. In 1838, at the age of twenty-six, he came to Franklin county, and located in Clinton township, where he continued lo make his home throughout the remainder of his life. On his arrival here he purchased sixty acres of land, three of which are still retained by his widow as a home place. He was married on the 2nd of November, 1843, to Miss Mary S. Smiley. No children were born to them but they reared three from childhood, namely : Nellie Smiley ; Barney Smiley ; and Libbie Cruder, now Mrs. Arnold.

Mr. Phinney was a man of good business ability and did not confine his attention solely to agricultural pursuits, but became interested in other enterprises, including the construction and carrying on of the toll road from Columbus to W'Orthington, being treasurer of the company for a number of years. He al.^o held stock in the Electric Street Car Company that built the line between those cities. In his political views he was a Republican, and at the polls" always exercised the privileges of citizenship. He was a regular attendant at the Presbyteran church of Worthington, of which he was a trustee for many years, and was a liberal contributor to all religious denominations and to any other worthy public enterprise. As a gentleman he was widely and favorably known, and was highly respected by a host of friends.

Bars Abas Phihney

Colonel William Smiley, the father of ]\Irs. Phinney, was a native of Carlisle, Pennsylvania, born June 5, 1789, and in early manhood came to this state. At Greenville, Ohio, he was married in 181 7 to Miss Nancy Pennington, a native of Virginia, and they became the parents of eleven children, nine of whom were born in Franklin county, namely : Ryan, deceased ; Lucinda, deceased wife of George P. Whip; George E., a resident of Clinton township, this county; John, of Sharon township; Richard M., of Clinton township; Theodore and William, both deceased; James, a resident of Illinois ; Sarah Jane, deceased ; Robert ; and Mrs. Phinney. During the Civil war Robert enlisted for three months at the first call for troop =, and while in the service was taken ill with smallpox at Philadelphia, where died and was buried. The father of this family departed this life September 2j, 1873, ^^^<i the mother died March 24, 1885, at the age of eighty-three years, f :ur months and fourteen days.

Before 1820 Colonel Smiley became a resident of Franklin county and purchased land in Clinton township, upon which North Columbus is now located. By trade he was a carpenter and followed that occupation during the greater part of his life, but he also operated the Whip mill, now known as the Weisenheimer mill, for a good many years and the Wilcox mill at North Columbus. He was an active and energetic business man and dealt largely in mill products. Politically he was a Democrat, and on one occasion was the nominee of his party for the ofBce of representative, but was defeated at the polls. For about thirty-five years he served as constable in Clinton township, and also held the position of township treasurer. In early life he ran many races with the Indians, and at the age of sixty-five could outrun or outwalk any man, old or young, in Franklin county. He served with distinction as captain in the war of 1812 under General Harrison, and later received a pension in recognition of his services. In religious belief he was a Universalist, while his \yife was a devout and active member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He was greatly respected by all who knew him, and justly merited the high regard in which he was held.

One of the young men who is rapidly winning a place among the successful physicians and surgeons of Columbus is Dr. Jones, who was born in Fayette county, Ohio, in 1872, a son of Dr. J. F. Jones, of New Martinsburg,' this state. The father is a graduate of the State ]\Iedical College, at Cincumati, and for a number of years has engaged in practice in New Martinsburg, where the son was reared and educated, completing the high school course there. Later he entered the National Normal University, at Lebanon, Ohio, where he prepared for teaching, but, becoming imbued with the desire to make the practice of medicine his life work, he began study under the direction of his father and subsequently matriculated in the Starling Medical College, of Columbus, in pleted he became house physician in St. Francis Hospital and acceptably served in that capacity for two years. He then began private practice and is now w^ell established in a good business. An earnest and determined purpose - without which there is' no success in life - is the keynote of his advancement, and a laudable ambition prompts him to advance steadily until he is now occupying a very creditable position, being ranked as the equal of many men in the profession who have much longer been connected with it.

In 1899 Dr. Jones was united in marriage to Miss Florence M. Clark, a daughter of John P. Clark. Socially the Doctor is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and with the Knights of Pythias fraternity. His social quahties render him popular, and by the profession and the laity he

Moses Cosgray

Among the highly esteemed residents of Washington township. Franklin county, Ohio, is Moses Cosgray, the subject of this sketch, who resides upon a finely cultivated and improved farm near Dublin. He was a son of Jeremiah and a grandson of James Cosgray, whose sketches appear in another part of this history.

Our subject was born near Waynesburg, Greene county, Pennsylvania, September 11, 1848, and was reared upon a farm. His educatonal advantages were very meagre, as at that time the sessions of the district school were limited to four winter months, and he was never able to attend for more than two of these. At the age of seventeen he came w'ith his parents to Ohio, endeavoring after locating in this state to pursue his studies, but with no great amount of success. Mr. Cosgray grew up a fine, sturdy specimen of farmer boy, and at the time of his marriage was well acquainted with all of the details necessary for the management of the farm. At the age of fifteen he first began earning his own money, his wages being fifteen dollars a month, including board. He assisted his family until he was twenty-five years old, at which time he began his own happy domestic life.

Mr. Cosgray was married October 23, 1873, ^o Miss Janet Postle, the estimable daughter of John and Rebecca (Bridges) Postle. She was born near Columbus. Ohio, June 15, 1850, and received a part of her education at Olentangy, Ohio, passing the years between sixteen and nineteen at Richwood. Her parents died died when she was but six yars old and she was reared by her cousin. Emory Bridges.

Our subject located on his present place after marriage, renting it of his father for two years, later purchasing it. The farm comprises fifty-five acres, which he has improved to a high degree, having erected commodious and comfortable buildings, put in tiling and planted orchards. He now owns one of the most attractive and productive places in the neighborhood. His means were very limited at the time of his marriage, but he possessed energy and perseverance and was ably assisted and supported by his capable wife.

The children born to ]Mr. and Mrs. Cosgray are Rella, who was educated for a teacher at Worthington; Ada, who is Mrs. Joseph Baker, of White county, Indiana; Carrie, who died at the age of three; Lela, and Michal. The family is connected with the Christian church of Dublin, where they enjoy the esteem of every one. Mr. Cosgray has long been an active member of the Democratic party and has served his township on the school board.

Hugh E. Joxes

The subject of this sketch has the unique distinction of having been born on the high sea, and for the first time saw the light of day on a vessel which belonged to his father, off the English coast, March 11, 1826, and is the son of Evan and Elkn (Jenkins) Jones, natives of Wales. His father, who was the owner of a small vessel which plied between Liverpool and other ports, died wiien Hugh was eleven months old, and when he was four years old his mother married John Jones. She lived' to a good old age and died in Wales, and was the mother of two daughters and four sons, all of whom were the children of her first husband. Hugh E. Jones, the youngest of her six children, remained with his mother in Wales until he was ten years old, when he became a cabin boy on board a vessel sailed by his uncle, Harry Jones, and was thus employed until, he was seventeen years old, during which time he sailed around the cape and visited Africa and China and many other parts of the world. In 1843 in the vicissitudes of his sea-faring life, he was made a prisoner and sent to Hong Kong, China, from which port lie escaped on a British ship, commanded by one Captain Jackson, and Tie was landed in Mexico, whence he made his way by way of the Gulf of Mexico and the great American rivers to Cincinnati, Ohio, starting with twelve men under his supervision, only three of whom lived to reach their destination. He spent a year in Cincinnati, working in a distillery and on river boats. From Cincinnati he came to Franklin county, Ohio, where he Vv'as employed for about six years in the distillery of Amor Rees. After that he worked about seven years in Marion county. Ohio, for a distiller named Jacob Stoutzenberger. While in Franklin county he had secured a farm to which he now returned and which he improved and lived on until the present time. It consists of one hundred and fifty-six and a half acres and is regarded as good property, and under Mr. Jones's management has afforded him a good living and yielded him material profit. In 1888 he sold his stock at auction and visited Great Britain and Europe, stopping in London, Paris and other great cities, his itinerary covering a period of five months. Returning to Franklin county, he resumed farming and met with success until his recent retirement.

In 1849, -l^^^- Jones was married in ^Marion county. Ohio, to ]\Iiss Mary Miller, and has two sons and three daughters. Their daughter, Dorliska, is the wife of James Evans, of Missouri, and their son. Parley, lives in Nodaway county, that state. Theron is a well known real estate man of Columbus, Ohio. Flora married James Simpson and Rosa married William Simpson and they live at Lima, Ohio. Politically Mt. Jones is a Democrat and he has always taken an active interest in the affairs of his township, which he served for twelve years as trustee and many years as school director. His public spirit is such that he has been in every way a useful and helpful citizen. His life has been a busy and industrious one and more eventful than the lives of most men in Franklin county, and it is to be regretted that he could not be induced to go more fully into details concerning his younger days and his experiences as a sailor on many seas and in many ports.

Michael Derrer

A beautiful farm of one hundred and ninety-three acres of land near the city of Columbus, Ohio, in Franklin township, is owned by the subject of this sketch ; and here he and his family 'reside in comfort, wath every sign of prosperity around them.

Michael Derrer was born in Bavaria, Germany, September 20, 1836, where he lived until he was sixteen years of age. At that time he joined the number of young men who came to this country to better their fortunes, bringing with him no wealth but health, energy and honesty of purpose. After a short time spent in New York he came to Columbus and here engaged in anything tliat promised remuneration, but asserts that he saved no money until after his ma-rriage. This took place in 1859, when Miss Elizabeth B. Wolleben, a native of Saxony, Germany, became his wife. He then located upon land which is now embraced in Camp Chase, raised a crop of corn and sold it to the government. He remained on that tract until 1865, which was owned by John G. Holloway, of Henderson, Kentucky, and he bought a farm five miles east of Columbus, where the family lived until the spring of 1869^ when he sold and soon bought fifty acres on his present location. Being very successful in both farming and dairying, the time came when he was able to add four hundred and forty acres to the fifty and now he has a tract of land that is very valuable. He freely gives credit to Mrs. Derrer for her industry and capable management of the affairs of the household.

A large and intelligent family has grown up about Mr. and Mrs. Derrer, - Minnie, Annie, Lizzie, George, Frances, Jonas, Nettie, Franklin and Lydia, deceased, and Nellie, now twenty years old. The youngest son of Mr. Derrer married Leila Roberts and lives at home.

Mr. Derrer is a member of no political party, reserving the right, free from the party whip, to cast his vote for the men he conscientiously believes will be the best for the country, and in this position he is upheld by his sons, they relying upon his judgment. The family is a pleasant one, much esteemed in the neighborhood.

Ernst Reixkexs

One of the prominent old residents of Franklin township, Franklin county. Ohio, is the subject of the present sketch. He was born in Prussia, September 17, 1833, and was the son of Louis and iMar}- (Wulner) Reinkens, both of them being natives of the same place. They came to America in 1856, locating at Schenectady, in the state of New York, where ;\lr. Reinkens died at the age of seventy-six years.

Onr subject, Ernst Reinkens, left home at the age of nineteen years and learned the brushmaker's trade, serving his time at the same. In 1857 ]Mr. Reinkens came to Franklin county, Ohio, and here rented a farm which he cultivated for seven years, and then bought the land upon which he now resides. This place was without buildings of any kind, Mr. Reinkens erecting all of the commodious structures, houses, barns and outbuildings, also fencing the whole tract, until now there is no more conveniently appointed place in the locality. Mr. Reinkens has successfully cultivated his land and it shows his care.

In 1857 Mr. Reinkens married Carrie Shwenkeur, a native of Germany, who had come to New York previous to 1864, which was the date of her arrival in Franklin county. Eight children have been born to Mr. and ]\Irs. Reinkens : Edward, who married Sarah Rubensburg and has two children, - Herbert and Mabel; Frank; Henry, deceased; William, who married Louisa Reinkens; Charles, who married Effie Lanerd and has three children, - Helen, Esther and Efiie; Carrie, who married Frank ]\Ieeker and has one son, Edward; and Emma and Hattie.

Mr. Reinkens is a stanch Republican in his political faith, and takes an intense interest in the important issues of the day. He has always been a strong advocate of all educational laws looking toward the betterment of all classes, and is particularly interested in the common schools. He is one of the old, tried and true members of the Methodist church, valued and respected. His help was freely given toward the erection of the Livingston avenue church edifice. IMrs. Reinkens was removed by death, in 1887, since which time Mr. Reinkens has been much comforted by his estimable children.

Augustus S. Ritter. M. D.

The unostentatious routine of private life, although of vast importance to the welfare of the community, has not figured to any great extent in the pages of history. But the names of men who ha\-e distinguished themselves by the possession of those qualities of character which mainly contribute to the succesis of private life and to the public stability, and who have enjoyed the respect and confidence of those around them should not be permitted' to perish. Their example is more valuable to the majority of readers than that of heroes, statesmen and writers, as they furnish means of subsistence for the multitude whom they in their usteful careers have emploved.

Such are the thoughts that involuntarily come to our minds when we consider the life of him whose name initiates this sketch. He was born in Pickerington, Fairfield county, Ohio, on the 5th of December, 1865. His parents, Ira and Elizabeth J. (Doty) Ritter, are both natives of Ohio', and the former is a farmer by occupation. They became the parents of ten children, nine of whom are yet living. The Doctor's early youth was passed upon a farm, while in the district schools of the neighborhood he obtained his elementary education. Subsequently he attended Reynoldsburg Academy, where he studied for more than two years, thus fitting himself to teach. For four years he followed that professic-n in Fairfield and Franklin counties and was a successful and popular educator. On abandoning his efforts in that direction, however, he began reading medicine under the supervisiion of Dr. J. E. Berry, a well known physician of Pickerington. Later he continued his studies under Dr. O. P. Driver, of Basil, Ohio, those two gentlemen being his preceptors for three years. Fie then matriculated in the Starling Medical College, of Columbus, where he pursued the full course prescribed by the statutes of the state and wasi graduated on the 5th of March, 1891. He was also graduated in surgery at the same time he received his diploma in medicine. Immediately thereafter he established an office in the suburban town of JMilo, which was just then springing into existence on the outskirts of Columbus, the Doctor being the firsit physician in the place. Here he has since remained and by the strictest attention to the discharge of his professional duties he has iDuilt up a practice which has steadily increased with the passing years and is now very lucrative. His business extends into the rural regions north and south and he is now recognized as one of the leading members of the medical fraternity.

Dr. Ritter was united in marriage to Miss Allie j\I. Stoltz, of Perry, Ohio. He and his wife hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he is a liberal supporter. He also belongs to Olentangy Lodge, I. O. R. ]\I., also to the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and to Ohio Camp, No. 3735, M. W. A. While well known and highly respected in social circles, the Doctor gives the greater part of his time and attention to the practice of medicine. He is a close student of materia medica and therapeutics and keeps in touch with the best professional tboiight of the day.

Daniel F. Roberts

The history of an industrious, useful life is always interesiing and it always contains lessons of value to those who would get on in the world. Such a life has been that of Daniel F. Roberts, a prominent farmer and leading citizen of Brown township, Franklin county, Ohio, some adequate account of which it will be attempted to place before the readers of this work.

Daniel F. Roberts was born July 12, 1851, a son of Lewis and Rachel (Richards) Roberts. His father was a native of Wales, born July 4, 1818, a son of Ellis and Catharine (Pugh) Roberts, who came to New York city in 1824, bringing their family with them. There Ellis Roberts died and in 1835 his widow brought her children to Ohio, and settled on one hundred acres of land in Brown township, Franklin county, which her husband had owned at the time of his death. Mrs. Roberts died on that little Ohio farm in 1846. Catherine, the eldest of the family, was twice married, first to Thomas Thomas, later to Thomas Evans, and died in New York city. Lewis, next in order of birth, was the father of the subject of this sketch. David left Ohio and is supposed to have died in some remote part of the country. Ellis died in Brown township. Susanna, who became Mrs. Arthur Arnold, died in New York. John P. ended his days in Franklin county, Ohio. Lewis Roberts, who was born in Wales, in 18 18, was four years old when his parents came to America and was educated in New York, where he lived until, in his eighteenth year, he came with his mother to Brown township. The woman who became his wife was Rachel Richards, whose parents, William and Mary (Williams) Richards, married in their native Wales. Mr. Roberts conducted a hotel at Rome, Ohio, for five years, and except for that brief interval, passed his whole life after his marriage on the home farm of his family in Franklin county, where he was prominent as a Democrat, a Baptist and a citizen and filled with great credit several responsible local offices. His wife, who died June 16, 1889, bore him children as follows: David William, of Columbus, Ohio, married Rebecca Drake and after her death Minerva Hemrod became his second wife. John Ellis died when only nine years old. Mary Catharine married John Samuel Daugherty, of Franklin county, Ohio, a biographical sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work. Lewis died when twenty-six years old. Daniel F. is the immediate subject of this sketch. Richard died when sixteen years old. Susan died when in her nineteenth year. John died at the age of twenty-six years. Margaret died when twenty years old. Sophia and ilannah, who were twins, died in infancy; and another child, named Margaret, died when two years old.

In the spring of 1852, when the subject of this sketch was not yet a year old. his parents removed to their home farm in Brown township, from Rome, Ohio, where the father had been keeping a hotel for five years and vrhere the boy had first seen the light of day. Young Roberts grew to manhood there and attended school at the Welsh school house until he was eighteen years old, working on his father's farm, mornings and evenings, Saturdays and during vacations. He helped to clear up a large part of the farm on which he remained until two years after his father's death, making a clearing of twenfv-five acres after that event. Then Mr. Roberts and his brother John began working one hundred and thirty acres of the home farm and they were partners until the death of John in 1882. By an agreement between the two sons and their mother, she left them her interest in the farm, of which Mr. Roberts became sole owner in consequence of his brother's death. He located at his present home in 1883, where he has a large red brick house anl ade- quate barns and outbuildings, and is making a substantial success as a farmer and stock raiser. In politics he is a Democrat, and he is influential in local affairs, and for three years has ably filled the office of township trustee. He is a member of the Grange, of West Jefferson, Ohio, is a Knight of Pythias and a Mason, blue lodge and Eastern Star degrees, and is a consistent and helpful member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He was married August 24, 1882, to Miss Angeline Carter, a daughter of George Carter, of Jeff'erson township, JMadison county, Ohio, and has four children, - named Asa David, Henry Raymond, Elsie and Laura Mabel.

Anton Witteler

Independence, self-reliance, industry and integrity and good business judgment have all been factors in the success of Anton W'itteler, a native of Prussia, who came to Columbus, Ohio, respectably attired and with fifty dollars in cash, refusing money which was offered him by relatives in his native land and, overcoming many obstacles, made a good name for himself at Columbus, in Marion township and throughout Franklin county^ where he is known as a man of property and a citizen of high standing and absolute reliability.

Mr. Witteler was born July 7, 1830, and received a good education and was taught farming. It was in 1857, when he was twenty-seven years old, that, declining money which might have been his and assuring his' friends that he was amply able to make his own way in the world, he sailed away to the United States and after landing on American isoil came at once to Franklin county, Ohio. For three years he worked by the month for "Sim" Lindsey, in Hamilton township, and after that he rented a farm and operated it on his own account. In 1865, while he was still farming rented land, he bought some city property on Main street, Columbus. In 1878 he bought a farm in Marion township onto which he removed in 1879 and which he still owns. In 1890 he bought thirty-eight acres where he has lived since 1900. He sold off much of thi'Si property, but retains four acres on Parsons avenue in Columbus, where he erected a fine residence, costing five thousand dollars or more, which he fitted up in modern style at considerable expense and furnished in a way to correspond to the outlay mentioned. He owns a farm of eighty-five acres in Marion township and another of one hundred acres in Pickaway county. These two farms he rents, giving his, attention to building and other business interests. He has' from the start been wdiat is termed a successful man, but his prosperity has not been without some setbacks, for he has at different times signed his name to help others and has had to pay thousands of dollars in consequence. His interests in Columlnis have grown gradually until he now owns property in nearly every part of the city.

Mr. Witteler has never married. He is a Democrat well known throughout Franklin county and his influence in local politics is recognized". \\ hile he is not an office seeker, he has been prevailed upon by his fellow citizens to accept some township offices and he filled several in Hamilton town- ship and was for eleven years treasurer of Marion township. A man of much pubHc spirit, he has been helpful to all measures which in his good judgment have tended to the general good' and he is consiilted whenever sound advice is sought as to the conduct of township affairs and to the development of important local interests.

George Michael Karrer

Much has been written and spoken concerning the value of the sturdy, industrious, thrifty and reliable German element in our population, but the best proof of its excellence is afforded by its representatives, who, like the subject of this sketch, dev^elop into self-made men of the best type who may be depended upon by the country of their adoption in any emergency that may arise. George Michael Karrer, a prominent farmer of Washington township, Franklin county, Ohio, is a son of John George Karrer, and a grandson of John Karrer, both of whom were born in Germany, the latter in Hoffenheim, province of Baden, in April, 1793.

John George Karrer attended school until he was fourteen years old and after that he was employed at farm work. At the age of nineteen he was conscripted into the German army in which he fought against Napoleon. He married Catharine Horch, an aunt of John F. Horch, a biographical sketch of whom appears in this work, and became a farmer. He died in 1871, his vvife in 1868. They had children named as follows: Susan, who married John Waibel, and lives on her father's old homestead in Germany; Jacob, who died in Germany; John, who came to the United States with his brother George Michael, married Miss Becker and became a farmer in Clay county, Illinois, where he died in the spring of 1900; and George Michael, who is the immediate subject of this sketch.

George Michael Karrer was born on his father's farm in Hoffenheim, province of Baden, Germany, October 25, 1833. As soon as he was old enough he was put, in school, where he remained until he was fourteen years old. During the succeeding six years he worked on his father's farm. When he was twenty years old, he was drafted into the German army, but managed to secure a release from military service and in the folhving spring, with his brother John and four other young men, he sailed from Havre, France, for the United States, on the sail vessel. Southern Johnnie, commanded by Captain Small, and arrived at New York after a voyage of thirtyseven days with little money left after having paid his passage. From New lYork city he went to Buffalo, New York, and for a week visited in the family of his Uncle Peter Horch, who was a ship builder in that city. From Buft'alo he came on west to his uncle Abraham Horch's place in Washington township, Franklin county, Ohio. Soon afterward he began to learn the blacksmith's trade with Charles Fogelsang. at Dublin, Franklin county, with whom he remained two years. After that he was for one year a partner with John Steinbower in a blacksmithing enterprise and later worked two years in a blacksmith shop in Cohimbus, until he located at Dublin, where bought property, built a shop and did business successfully as a blacksmith for eighteen years, until 1876, when he bought his present farm of eighty-seven acres in Washington township, Franklin county, on which he located in March, 1877. I-Ie also owns another farm of sixty-seven acres. His residence was erected in 1897.

Mr. Karrer is a member of the German Lutheran church at Sandy Corners and in politics is strongly Republican. He was married in October, 1858, to Miss Mary Fahrbach, who was born in Baden, Germany, December 4, 1840, and when eight years old came to the United States with his parents, Jacob and Eva (Ruck) Fahrbach, landing at New York, and coming thence to Columbus, where her father died and her mother still lives. Mr. and Mrs. Karrer have had children as follows: John, who died young; Kate, who married Lewis Rings, of Washington township, Franklin county; Jacob, who died when a year and a half old ; Mary, who married Godfrey Hurst, of Norwich township, Franklin county; George M., who married Barbara Ring and lives in Washington township, Franklin county; Lena Caroline, Henry, and Carl, who are members of their father's household; and Louisa, who is deceased.

Frank A. Zimmer

The subject of this) sketch, a prominent citizen of Washington township, Franklin county, Ohio, is one of the leading fanners' and dairymen in that part of the state. He was born on Scioto street, Columbus, October 16, 1849, a son of John F. and Christina (Widner) Zimmer. His grandfather in the paternal Hue visited many parts of the world as a sailor and eventually located in Brazil, wdiere he owned a large plantation and many slaves and where he died. His widow, w4i05ie maiden name had been Margaret Zimmer, after his death married, in South America, a man named Schlumberger. who also died in Brazil. By her first marriage she had one child, John F. Zimmer, father of the subject of this sketch. By her second marriage she had two children, Adeline and Margaret Schlumberger, who are now Mrs. Jacob Lang and Mrs. Paul Lenhert, respectively.

John F. Zimmer was born in Brazil September 16, 181 7, and was about nine years old when, after the death of his stepfather, his mother brought her three children to Cleveland, Ohio. He was obliged early to take up the battle of life and was able tO' attend school only two months, but he had a desire for knowledge and studied with good results during his spare time. He became a foreman in canal construction in Ohio, and was so employed for some years. Eventually he located in Columbus, where for twenty years he was engaged in draying with such financial success that the business gave him a good start in life. Meantime he formed the acquaintance of Ebenezer Barcus, of Columbus, and as partners they were for eight yearsi engaged in preparing sugar-cured hams for the market. After that Air. Zimmer continued the same business successfully for twelve years. After that he was for five years a partner in the lumber busine,Sis of Clark Monnette & Company, at the expiration of which time he retired from active life. He lived on Mound street between High and Third streets for forty-three years, and his residence at 66 East Mound street became one of the landmarks in that part of the town.

John F. Zimmer was married, at Cleveland, Ohio, tO' Miss Christina Widner, a native of Germany, whose father died in her native land, and who came to the United States with her mother and sflsters. Mrs. Zimmer, who died in May, 1900, in her eighty-seventh year, bore her husband children a^ follows : Mary married Adam Scheringer and died at Columbus, Ohio. Christina A. is an inmate of St. Mary's convent at Columbus. John William died at the age of sixteen years. Henry A. is a farmer of Franklin county, Ohio. Frank A. Zimmer, subject of this sketch, was the next in ordfer of birth. Loui^ja died quite young. Joseph B. is a well known citizen of Columbus. Katie G. married Joseph B. Ruhl, of St. Louis, Missouri.

Frank A. Zimmer was early put in a parochial schoo'l in Columbus, and attended the public schools from the time he was thirteen until he was sixteen. After leaving school he was for a year a clerk in the wholesale dvygoods house of Green, Joyce & Company, of Columbus, and after that he was for seven years a salesman for the Ohio Furniture Conipan}-, of that city. December i, 1875, he located on his present farm, which now embraces two hundred and sixty-two acres of well improved and highly productive land. On this place he built a creamery, which is conceded to be one of the best equipped in Ohio, and he has a large number of fine Jersey cattle. He has built two ailos on his farm for feeding his stock, the dimensions of each of which are sixteen by thirty feet, and each of which has a capacity of one hundred and twenty tons, and he feeds the corn raised on forty acres. He is building a barn exclusively for his cows' which covers a ground space of forty-eight by eighty feet, and has a cow shed covering a space of fifty-six by one hundred and .seventy feet, and' will soon erect another of the same dimensions. He has forty red Jersey cows of the purest blood. He is the owner of three other creameries besides the one on his farm - one at ^Milfcrd, Ohio, one at Plain City, Ohio, and one at Woodstock, Ohio - and they are connected with each other and with his home by telephone. He is a helpful, public-spirited citizen, an unswerving Republican and a memlier of the Hi ly Cros5i Catholic church, of Columbus, Ohio. He has seven children. The eldest, John William, manages his Alilford creamery. Josepha, Estella, Henry A., Francis George, Sylvester and Edward are members of their parents' household.

Among the worthy citizens that the fatherland has furnished to the new world is Adam Lenhardt. a practical and enterprising farmer living on section 2, Hamilton township, Franklin county. He is a native of Bavaria,

Germany, born August iS, 183 1. There he spent the first twenty-three years of his Hfe, and in the common schools' acquired his education. His father died when the son was but fourteen years of age, after which he continued to Hve with his mother until he came to the United States in 1854. Crossing tlie Atlantic, he landed at New York, and subsequently removed to Montgomery county, Pennsylvania, where he was employed for about a year, receiving four dollars per month in compensation for his services'. He then came to Franklin county, and in Hamilton township again worked by the m-onth as a farm hand, being thus employed until 1861, when he entered upon an independent business career by farming upon his own account on rented land. When seven years had thug passed he removed to Shelby county, Illinois, where he purchased one hundred and sixty acres of land, continuing its operation for about three years, wdien he traded that property for the farm upon which he now resides. He then returned to Franklin county, and has since been engaged in agricultural pursuits in Hamilton township. He owns one hundred and ten acres of valuable land, all of wliich i,;i under a high state of cultivation, and the well-tilled fields bring to him an excellent financial return. He is well-known over the county, and is accorded a place among its substantial farmers. Diligence, energy and determined purpose have been the salient features in his prosperity and are qualities that all might cultivate. In his poHtical views Mr. Lenhardt is a Democrat, and ha,;i served as committeeman in his township, but has never sought nor desired ofiice, preferring to give his' entire time and attention to his business affairs. In the spring of 1900 he crossed the Atlantic to hig native land, spending part of the summer in revisiting his old home and renewing many of the acquaintances of early life. For many years he has been a member of the Grange, and in his adopted county Mr. Lenhardt is widely and favorably known.

Clark Harris

One of the several honored citizens of Marion township. Franklin county, Ohio, who, natives of the township, had pioneer experiences within it-i borders, is' Clark Harris, who was born September 30, 1839, in the house in which he now lives. His father was Origen Harris and his grandfather was James Harris and both of them were born in the state of New York. James Harris came with his family to Columbus, Ohio, early in the century just closed and for some time busied himself at hauling goods between Columbus and Zanesville with an O'x team, but he eventually settled on land' in Alarion township, Franklin county, which he cleared and improved. Origen Harris was only a boy when his father came to Franklin county, and he attended the primitive school taught near his home in a log school house. Lie married a Miss Ferguson, of Columbus, wdiO' died leaving three children, all of whcm are dead. His second wife waa Lydia Sellers, a native of Virginia and a daughter of Henry Sellers, an early settler in Franklin county. After his second marriage he settled on the farm on which his son, Clark Harris, now lives, where he died at the age of seventy-three years, and his wife passed away at the age of eighty-six. Thig worthy couple had eight children, seven of whom were born on that farm and seven of whom are living at this time. Morris H. Harris, one of these, lives at Westerville, Franklin county; Lucinda lives with her brother Clark. Origen D. lives near Groveport, Franklin county. Lydia Ann married Wesley Lawrence and lives in Franklin county. Sarah is the wife of Jacob Boeshanz, of Columbus, Ohio. Julia is the wife of Jacob Strohmire, of Columbus.

Clark Harris) was the third child and second son of his parents and was reared on the farm on which he now lives, and received his primary education in an interesting old school house which stood near his home, one of the first of its kind built in the county. He assisted his father in his farming until the latter 's death. October 6, 1868, lie married Emma Young, a native of Fairfield county, Ohio, and she died on the old Harris homestead September 6, 1882, after having borne him tw^o children, one of whom, Edna, died at the age of eighteen years. His daughter Delia, who' is a member of his household, acquired a good education and has been successful as a teacher.

Air. Harris owns forty-two and a half acres and devotes himself to general farming, while giving a good deal of attention to Atock. He is a Republican politically and has served his fellow citizens as a member of the township school board, in which capacity he exerted a recognized influence for the improvement of local educational facilities. While an active worker for the success of the party of his choice, he does not hesitate to vote for a member of another party for a local office if he believes that such a candidate will administer it more efficiently and honestly than the Republican nominee. His public spirit has been many times tried and has never been found wanting, and he aids to the extent of his ability every measure which in his good judgment promises to benefit his township and county.

Among the prominent retired farmers li^-ing in and about Columbus, Ohio, there is not one who is' better or more favorably known than Ouincy A. Watkins. who was born where he now lives, on section 2, Marion township, Franklin county, October 4, 1827. a son of Aldrich and Clarissa K, (Torrey) Watkins, both natives of the state of New York.

Aldrich Watkins, one of the first settlers in Franklin ccimty, Ohio, located in the woods in Alarion township, where he made a farm and died at the age of fifty-eight years. In religion he was a Presbyterian and in politics he developed from a Whig to a Republican. A man of high character and good ability, he was prominent in the county. His wife sun-ived! him until in her eighty-seventh year. They had two children whoi died in infancy and two daughters and three sons who grew to manhood and womanhood, and Ouincy A. Watkins was their third child and second son in order of birth, and is the only one of their children living at this; time.

Ouincy A. W'atkins was reared on his father's farm and his lot did not differ materially from that of other sons of farmers in his locality at that time. His home was as gx3od as the average home there and he cherishes recollections of his* parents who made life as attractive to him as was possible under the circumstances and amid his environments ; but he knew what hard work meant and did not shirk his responsibility. After the death of his father, whom he had assisted since his childhood, he took up farming- for himself on the old homestead and continued with good .success until 1898, when he retired from active life, the owner of two hundred and thirty-four acres well located and well cultivated.

February 23, i860, Mr. Watkins married Amanda S. Corbin, a native of Amanda township, Wyandot county, Ohio, born August 10, 1841, a daughter of William and Amanda (Sallee) Corbin, who were the parents of two daughters and a son. Their daughter, Matilda, is dead. Their son, Samuel, lives in Wood county, Ohio. Mrs. Watkins was' only four days old when her mother died. For his second wife her father married Susan Archibald, who has borne him ten children. Mrs. Watkins was taken by her grandparents into their household and was in their care during her childhood. At the age of twelve she returned to her father and remained with him until her marriage. She has borne Mr. Watkins three children, named Clinton, Grant and Virgie Amanda. Clinton married Effie Hendren and lives in Madison township, and they have sons named Grant and Pearl and a daughter named Grace. Grant married Nellie Long and died at the age of twenty-,siix. He had two sons, Philo E., who is dead, and Quincy Grant. Virgie Amanda married John Helsel and they have a son named Lehman Ersel. Mr. Helsel lives with Mr. Watkins and has the management of his farm.

Mr. Watkins is one of the old and reliable farmers of Franklin county, and he has been known to its leading citizens for many years and was brought up as a companion of some of the older of them. A man of much public spirit, he has always taken the lead in matters affecting the welfare of his township. Formerly a A\'hig, he has been a Republican since the days of F'remont and Lincoln. Mrs. Watkins is a member of the Lutheran church, as is also her daughter, Mrs. Helsel.

Perry A. Roach

One of the prominent and influential business men of Columbus, Ohio, who have held public office for a number of years, is Perry A. Roach, the subject of this sketch. He was born in Gallipolis. Gallia county, Ohio, November 27, 1863, a son of Reuben W. and Mary V. (Workman) Roach, both of whom were natives of Ohio. The father of our subject was a farmer in early life, becoming a merchant later, and subsequently was interested in the flour-and-feed business in Gallia county. The grandfather of our subject, Sidney Roach, was a native of Maryland and was one of the pioneer set- tiers of Gallia county. He married a member of the Koontz family, of Ciilpeper Court House, \lrginia, a well-known German- American family of that locality.

Our subject passed hisi early days in his native county, removmg to a small village, where he attended schoo'l, remaining there until he was eighteen years old, when the family removed to Ross county, and it was then that the father of our subject opened his flour-and-feed business, locating in Chillicothe. Our subject taught school in that city during the following winter, but he had decided upon adopting the law as; a profession and was eager to begin its study. His first reading was done in the office of jMayo & Freeman, in Chillicothe; subsequently he entered the law school in Cincinnati, at which he graduated in 1889.

Prepared by years of studious w^ork, our subject now returned to Chillicothe and entered upon the practice of his profession, becoming associated with John C. Entrekin. This partnership continued until Mr. Entrekin was appointed United States revenue collector, when it was necessarily dissolved. Mr. Reach came to Columbus in 1890 and opened up an office here, and in 1895 he was nominated by the Republican party, in wdiich he has always been active, as a candidate for justice of the peace, resulting in his election for a term of three years, and a re-election in 1898, which office he still holds.

In 1858 Mr. Roach married Miss Thalia Groninger, of Chillicothe, who was a teacher in the schools' there for several years, and w^as a daughter of Abram and Amanda (Munger) Groninger. Fcnr children have been born to them, - Rupert Darst, Merle M., Walter Reuben and Sage. The greatgrandfather of these children is Louis D. Workman, who married Narcissa Worly and both are still living, at an advanced age, the great-great-grandfather Worly having attained the unusual age of one hundred and two.

Socially Mr. Roach is a member of the K. of P., and I. O. O. P.. Lodge 474. He is a successful and influential politician, as well as an admirable business man, and is considered one of the representative men of his section of the city.

Frank S. Miller

Industry, integrity and perseverance are the words which supply the keynote to the success of men like the .subject of this sketch and a reason for their popularity with their fellow citizens. Frank S. Miller, who lives on the Groveport pike, a mile and a quarter beyond the corporation line O'f the city of Columbus, and is one of the w-ell known farmers and business men of Franklin county, Ohio, w^as born in Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, a son of Amos and Catharine (Stoufifer) Miller. His father was a native of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, and lived there until 1885, since when he has been a member of his son's household. His mother w^as a native of Franklin county, Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. ]\Iiller had two sons and two daughters.

Frank S. Miller \&) the second child of his parents and was reared in Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, and was educated in the public schools near his home. Ele engaged in fruit-growing in his native state and was ably instructed in it by his father. After he came to Ohio he continued in the same line of enterprise and his success has been marked. He raises all kinds of small fruits common to his latitude and employs eight or ten mtn from time to time and seven the year around. He married Mary E. Thompson, a native of London, England, who came to Springfield, Illinois, at the age of about eighteen months, and who has borne him two sions, Amos G. and Thomas' R. Mr. Miller is a Republican oi influence, and was elected clerk of Marion township in 1900. He is a modest, unpretentious, industrious and honorable citizen, whose influence has always been exerted for the good of his fellow townsmen, and who has alwaytf been found on the side of progress and up-to-date enterprise in the discussion of means to the public good, - an active man of strict integrity, who has been helpful and useful in all the relations of life and who has the respect and good wishes of his townsmen because they know he truly merits them.

Henry M. Taylor

For eighteen years Dr. Henry M. Taylor has been engaged in the practice of medicine and surgery, and as a representative of a profession wherein advancement depends solely upon individual merit he hasi gained a creditable position. He has' not been without that laudable ambition which is the sphere of all effort, and his labors have been discerningly directed along lines that have led to his advancement and won him a name and' place in medical circles of Columbus that are both enviable and creditable.

Dr. Taylor was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, September 29, 1854, and is a 'Son of Dr. William and Hannah (Lowe) Taylor. His grandfather, Henry Taylor, Sr., was also a physician and for many years' practiced his profession successfully in Philadelphia. He married Martha Metcalf, a daughter of William Metcalf, a physician and a minister. The father of our subject was born in Philadelphia, in 183 1, and was a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania. He afterward pursued a course of study in the homeopathic college in his native city. After successfully practicing medicine foi some time he entered the ministry and devoted his attention to the spiritual needs of his fellow men, continuing to j^reach the gospel until his death, which occurred in Troy, New York, in 1884. He wedded Hannah Lowe, who was born at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, in 1831, and was a daughter of Charles and Sarah (Clark) Lowe, who emigrated from England to the new world.

In the state of hi-s nativity Dr. Henry M. Taylor of this review remained until 1 86 1, and then accompanied his parents on their removal to Gettysburg,

Hehry M, Taylor. M. D.

Pennsylvania, where he entered the schools, acquiring a good practical education. His father located at Gettysburg, and there the Doctor remained until he had attained his majority, completing his literary education in the high school of the town. He entered upon his business career in the line of merchandising and afterward learned the trade of foundryman, but, finding that an uncongenial occupation, in 1877 he began the study of medicine, under the direction of his father. He pursued his first course of lectures in the Jefferson Medical College and subsequently came to Columbus, Ohio, where he entered the Columbus Medical College, of this city, in which institution he was graduated in 1882, with the degree of M. D. S(jon afterward he began practice and has since been a worthy follower of his profession, which certainly ranks among the highest to which men devote their energies. In 1885 he was appointed assistant surgeon at the Ohio Penitentiary, serving until 1889. He then returned to Philadelphia and took a special course, being graduated in the Jefferson Medical College. When his work there was completed he resumed practice in Columbus, and in 1893 he was appointed assistant superintendent of health in the city, and was also a surgeon to the police and fire department until 1895.

In 1885 occurred the marriage of Dr. Taylor and Miss Ella M. Grove, of Columbus, a daughter of Jacob B. and Charlotte Grove. They now have: two children, - Marie Isabell and Marguerite Grove. The Doctor and his wife enjoy the warm regard of a large circle of friends, and their own home is noted for its hospitality. In 1884 he became actively engaged in militaryaffairs, becoming a member of the Governor's' Guard, O. N. G., as a private., advancing through the grades of lieutenant and captain, then regimental quartermaster, thence to the medical department as a captain and assistant surgeon, major and surgeon. He accompanied his regiment, the Fourth Ohio, through the Spanish-American war, being sent to Porto Rico with General Miles. In 1899 the Doctor was appointed major and surgeon of the Second Brigade of the Ohio National Guard, which position he is acceptably filhng. In his political associations he is a Republican and takes great interest in the success of his party, doing all in his power to promote its growth and secure the adoption of its principles. During his term he has' been called to active duty in several riots, among the most noted being the recent riot at Akron, Ohio. His professional ability is widely recognized and is indicated by the liberal support which is accorded him, his patronage steadily increasing both in volume and importance.

Howard B. Westervelt

The Rev. Howard Bailey Westervelt was born at Blendon. Franklin county, January 4, 1847, and was graduated from the Ohio AVesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, in 1869. and that year entered the ministrv of the Methodist Episcopal church. During the active vears of his labors' he was stationed at Royalton, Fairfield countv; Nelsonville," Athens county ; Zanesville

Muskingum county; Athens. Athens county; Portsmouth, Scioto county; Circleville, Pickaway county; Mount Vernon avenue, Cohmibus. and at other places. He was for .some time until 1888 presiding elder of the Portsmouth ilistrict. He is now living with his' son, Charles E. Westervelt, having superannuated in his conference some years since. He is a Knight Templar Mason and a member of Wells Post of the Grand Army of the Republic at Columbus!, Ohio, for he was a soldier in the w^ar of the Rebellion, having enlisted in 1864 in the Fifth Battalion, Ohio Volunteer Cavalry. Later, upon the expiration of his term of service, he enlisted, in 1865. in the One Hundred and Thirty-third Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, where he saw active service in Virginia at Fort Powdiattan.

The Rev. Alfred L. Westervelt, the father of the Rev. Howard Bailey Westervelt, was born in Franklin county, Ohic, and his life covered the period from 1820 to 1849, when he died at the early age of twenty-nine years, after having been for some years a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church. He was married, April i, 1846, to Missi Sophia Bull, a daughter of Dr. Thompson Bull, of Clintonville. Dr. Bull was a pioneer in Franklin county, and three of his daughters married in the Westervelt family. The wadow of the Rev. Alfred L. Westervelt married Johnson Ogih'ie and is now living at Lorain, Ohio. She bore her first husband two children, - the Rev. Howard Bailey Westervelt, subject of this sketch, and Charles A. Westervelt, of Lorain, Ohio.

Valverda A. P. Ware

Maryland ancestors have given to Ohio some of its best citizens. The old families of Maryland have taken a place in our national history as people of patriotism and progressiveness and their descendants in all parts of the country have ably maintained the reputation of their names. Among the most prominent citizens of Franklin county, Ohio, of Maryland nativity, is' Valverda A. P. Ware, a prominent farmer of Truro township, wdio w'as born in Baltimore county July 30, 1833, a son of Nathan Ware and a grandson of Robert Prescott Ware.

Robert Ware was born in Maryland and was a captain in the Maryland state militia, with which he was in active service in the war of 18 12- 14. In 1820 he brought his family to Ohio, and located at Steubenville, Jefferson county, where he lived until the end of hisi life. His wife, Eleanor Gladman, who was also a native oi Maryland, lived to the age of ninety years. Their son, Nathan Ware, father of the subject of this sketch, Avas born in Baltimore county, Maryland, November 9, 1801, and received a good education there, which he completed at his own expense, paying for it money which he earned teaching school, a labor upon which he entered when he was nineteen years old. He was married, about 1830, to Eliza C. Barron, and they were the parents of fifteen children, of wdiom the following named ten g^rew to manhood and womanhood: Cornelia L., Valverda A. P.. Evander T., lulia

Centennial Biographical History. S91

B., Robert P., Nathan H., Randolph R., William B., Charles R. and Eleanor L. Cornelia L. is the wife of Aaron H. Green. Evander T. married Laura \'^. Coe. Julia B. is the widow of William H. Green, of Franklin county, Ohio. Robert P. married Mary Hanson, of Franklin county, Ohio. Nathan H. married Mary Price, and after her death Ellen Williams, of Licking county, Ohio. Randolph R. married Lannie Owings, of Baltimore county, Maryland, where he lives. Eleanor L. married Samuel Pinkerton and they also live in Baltimore county, Maryland. William B. married Ida Ridgley and lives at Savannah, Georgia. Charles R. has married' twice. His first wife was Mary Brain, of Frederick county, Maryland, and his present wife was a Miss Flanagan.

Valverda A. P. Ware married Mary Belinda Green May 29, i860. Green was a daughter of Gilbert Green, one of the early settlers of Franklin county, Ohio. That pioneer was born in Sussex county. New York, November 27, 1804. He was married, October 3, 1826, in New Jersey, where his earlier years were spent, to Miss Melinda Harrison, and they had three children, named Aaron Harrison Green, William Henry Green and Mary Olivia Green. He moved to Ohio in 1831 and bought one hundred and eighteen acres of land in Truro townsihip, Franklin county, and not long afterward bought one hundred and sixty acres more. His wife died about a year after their settlement in Ohio, and he was married, July 9, 1833, to Susan Taylor, who was born at Chillicothe, Ohio, September 21, 1808, a daughter of Robert Taylor, who was a pioneer in Truro township, Franklin county, about 1809. Gilbert and Susan (Taylor) Green had children as follows: Robert, Gilbert M., Sarah (who died in infancy), John Covert, Elizabeth J. and ]\lary Belinda. Gilbert M. married Elizabeth Marshall and lives at Columbus, Ohio. Elizabeth J. is the wife of A. D. Schoonover, of Newark, New Jer^iey. John Covert, who married Sarah J. Parkinson, is represented by a biographical sketch in this work.

Belinda Green, daug'hter of Gilbert and Susan (Taylor) Green and wife of Valverda A. P. Ware, received her early education in the district schools of Franklin county, Ohio, in log school houses with puncheon floors, split-oiit slabs for seats and slab desks supported on pins driven into auger holes into the walls. The school house where she attended school most was three-quarters of a mile from her father's house and she has a distinct remembrance that during the winter months the walking along the wood road which led from the one to the other was anything but good. She finished her studies at the college at Reynoldsburg, Ohio, where she was a student for a year. After leaving school she taught school in Franklin county, "boarding around" with the parents of her pupils and receiving two dollars a week in addition to her meals and lodging, and as a teacher she wasi often compelled to walk further than was necessary when she was a pupil. She has proved herself a model wife and mother and has watched the development of the county from a primitive condition to its present admirable state of cultivation and advancemient. Valverda A. P. and Belinda (Green) Ware have had eight sons and one daughter, named as followa in the order of their birth : Gilbert Green, Prescott Barron, Vinton Taylor, Eliza Catharine, Valverda A., one son who died in infancy, William E., Oliver Morton and Charles Homer. Their eldest son, Gilbert Green, married a Miss Alice Mock, of St. Louis, ]\Iissouri, and they have children named Alice Eliza and Harold Homer, (j. G. Ware is a shoe-manufacturer of Chicago, Illinois. Prescott Barron, a farmer of Truro townsihip, Franklin county, married Zella Hanson, a daughter of Parson Hanson, and they have two children named Hugh Pearl and Blanche Elizabeth. Vinton Taylor, who is a farmer in Madison township, Franklin county, married Ella Stubbs, a native of Delaware and a daughter of Frank Stubbs, who was also born in that state. Eliza Catharine married John C. Oldham, a druggist at Reynoldsburg, Ohio. Valverda A. assists his father in the management of the homestead. William E. is' acquiring a knowledge of the drug business under the instruction of his brother-in-law at Reynoldsburg, Ohio. Oliver Morton and Charles Homer are members of their father's household.

Mr. Ware came to Ohio in 1858 and after his marriage, in i860, went back to Maryland, where he remained two years. In 1862 he returned to Truro township, Franklin county, where he worked rented land until 1888. He had early learned the carpenter's trade and he divided his time between the occupations of carpenter and farmer and was' employed much of the time during the Civil war in building bridges for the United States government. In 1 888 he moved with his family to the old homestead of Gilbert Green, Mrs. AVare's father, which has been improved until it is one of the most productive and valuable farms in the township, its acreage considered. Mr. Ware, while not a practical politician, has very decid'ed views on all political questions' and is not without influence in his party. He hasi believed that the citizen who helps himself best helps his neigttors, and has devoted himself to his business rather than to office-seeking. He is deeply interested in public education, has) always done his share toward the maintenance of religious worship and has in many other ways demonstrated that he is a man of public spirit.

Mathew Westervelt

Elsewhere in these pages will be found some statements concerning the origin of the American family of Westervelt and biographical sketches of some of its prominent representatives'. The Ohio pioneer of the name was Mathew \\'estervelt, who came to Blendon, Franklin county, about 1818, with his brothers, Peter and William, and his sister, Catharine, who married Stephen BrinkerhofT. He had formerly lived at Poughkeepsie, New York, and' was a man of more than ordinary business ability and experience. He bought six hundred and forty acres of land and each O'f his two brothers bought a like amount, making an aggregate of one thousand, nine hundred and twenty acres. With others he laid out the town of Westervelt. which was named in honor of his family. He was prosperous as a farmer, was prominent in public affairs and manifested extraordinary public spirit, donating to the town a youncr men s semmary, now Otterbein University, and the grounds upon which th? col ege 13 located, and land at Westerville for a ^lethodist Episcopal church and a cemetery. He was an active member of the IMethodist church and one of Its most liberal supporters.

After coming to Franklin county Mr. Westervelt married Miss IVIary Lennmgton, formerly of Poughkeepsie, New York, who died after havinoborne hmi five children. His second wife was Miss Abiah Leonard, a dauglfter of a pioneer family of the countv, who also bore him five children H-'s daughter Meli.sisa married Jacob Connelly, wlio was born near Harrisburg Pennsylvania, m 1810, and died in Franklin countv. Ohio, in 1881. She died m 1892 aged seventy-five, leaving four children: Emeline Frances, who married Dr. S. H. Stewart, of Columbus; Russell H. Connellv, of Columbus who is with the Coe & Spencer Companv; Alice, who' married John JDreese, of Columbus; Estelle G., the widow of A. H. Adams, of Columbu^r a son, James, died m 1857; Edgar \\'estervelt. a son cf Mathew and AFiv- (Lennmgton) Westervelt, died at Galena, Ohio. ^lary, daughter of Mathew and Abiah (Leonard) ^^^estervelt, married Captain Milton Wells, who was killed ill the Civil war at Chattanooga, ^^^ells Post, Grand Army of the Republic, of Columbus', having been named in his honor. Edwin \\^estervelt a son of Mathew Westervelt by his second marriage, was three times married, hrst to Miss Minerva Goodspeed, then to Miss Sophronia Bull and afrerward to Miss Marcia F. Bull. Three of his sons. Frank C. Westervelt Howard Bailey Westervelt and Herbert L. Westervelt, live at Clintonville Franklin cc^unty. The children of Mathew Westervelt not here mentioned left Franklin county years ago and the record of their careers is not accessible.

Mathew Westervelt died in 1849, aged seventv-seven vears, and was' buried at Greenlawn cemetery, at Columbus. Ohio. ' The reader is referred to other biographical sketches in this work for furtlier information concerning the Vv^estervelt family.

Among the young lawyers of Columbus, Ohio, none has made more noteworthy progress and none stands higher as a citizen than the subject of this sketch.

Charles Ephraim; ^^'e£ltervelt. a son of Rev. Howard Bailev Wester\-elt, was born at Clintonville, Franklin countv, Ohio, October 24. 1871 His early education was received in the public' schools of Nelsonvil'le Zanesville and Portsmouth. In 1888 he entered the Ohio Universitv at Athens at which he graduated with the degree of A. B. in 1892. The following vear he spent m post-graduate work in history and literature, taking his ALi'sters' deo-ree in the ,«pring of 1893. The following vear he read law in the office of Tu'do-e Festus Walters, of Circleville, and in the fall of 1894 entered the senior clats of the Cincinnati Law Schcol, graduating with the class of 1895 at that institution. After g-radiiation he was admitted to the bar at Columbus, and has- since been located in that city. He has since devoted himself closely to the practice of hisi profession, in which he is achieving a distinct success. He is a strong Republican, but has taken no active part in politics.

Daniel Bonebrake

There is no man in Franklin county, Ohio, who has lived nearer to^ the hearts of his neighbors wdierever the vicissitudes of life have placed him than the Rev. Daniel Bonebrake, who has been a resident of this county since his twenty-fourth year, and isi now living in retirement at Westerville, twelve miles northeast of Columbus. He was born near Eaton, Preble county, Ohio, May 22^, 1829, a son of the Rev. Daniel Bonebrake, Sr., who was born in Somerset county, Pennsylvania, June 16, 1797, and was brought to Athens county by his parents in 1801. His father was DeWalt Bonebrake, a son of another Rev. Daniel Bonebrake, who was the progenitor of the family in America. He was a Prussian by birth and tradition has it that he incurred imperial displeasure by slaying one of the king's deer and fled from his native land to America to avoid trouble that might have ensued had he remained. His son, DeWalt Bonebrake, was a blacksmith and farmer o'f Germantown, Pennsylvania, and served as a soldier under General Washington in military operations between New York and Philadelphia. He lived in Athens county, Ohio, from 1801 to 1808 and in 1809 removed to Montgomery county, Ohio. He tarried there but a year, however, before he went tO' Preble county in 1824. He had ten ^ons' and two daughters, all of whom grew to mature years, and of whom Daniel Bonebrake, Sr., the father of the Rev. Daniel Bonebrake, was the seventh in order of nativity.

Daniel Bonebrake, Sr., became a local and traveling minister cf the United Brethren church in 1821, and was employed in the duties of his consecrated office about half the time from his twenty-second year to his forty-ninth year, when he died. He devoted himself to farming during most of his life, but in 1853 he engaged in the grocery trade in Lewisburg, Preble county, Ohio, where his life ended in July, 1856. Five of his' brothersi served under General Harrison in the w^ar of 181 2, in northwestern Ohio, - Frederick, a fifer, Adam, John, Jacob and Peter, - and Daniel also would have served had he not been too young. He married Elizabeth, a daughter of Jeremiah Mills, and a native of Warren county, Ohio. Jeremiah Mills, who was born in the state of New Jersey, saw three years' 'service as a dragoon on the Allegheny and Monongehala at an early day and went to a point near Cincinnati, Ohio, where he bougiit considerable land, which he soon afterward sold to advantage at three dollars per acre. He then went to Warren county,. Ohio, on the Forth Ancient, and .secured some Virginia military land, where he made a farm and where he died in September, i860, at the advanced age of ninety-three years. He was of English extraction. His daughter, the mother of the Rev. Daniel Bonebrake, died in Preble county, Ohio, ]\Iay 6,

1830, at the age of twenty-four, when her son was about a year old. The boy grew up amid the disadvantages of a new country, without the aid of fortune and with only limited opportunities for education, but in the common schools and by studying at spare hours he fitted himself to teach school, and thus earned money to maintain himself at home in Preble county and to secure instruction for himself at Otterbein College, where he was a student in 1 85 1 and 1852. When he entered the school in March, 1851, the only teachers were Professor John Haywood and the lady whom, in 1852, he made his wife. There was an attendance of only fifty-seven scholars at first, but the next year there were seventy-three. After his education he married and settled in Westerville in March, 1853, and there he taught school during the \vinter months and w'orked at farm labor in the summer until October, i860, ^vhen at the conference of the United Brethren church he was appointed to preach as a traveling minister in Franklin and Fairfield counties, having twelve appointments in what w^as known as Winchester circuit. He performed the duties' of thisi appointment for three years, until 1863, when he was ordained. Then for nineteen years he was the secretary of the conference and during a portion of that time was the mission treasurer, and the duties of these offices and his ministerial work kept him traveling fo^r twenty-nine years. During two years of that time he was presiding elder. He was then obliged to retire on account of failing health. He had long before this, in August, 1857, bought six acres of land in Westerville, where he has since made his home. It is probable that he has married more couples and attended more funerals than any other minister in this part of the county.

On the 7tb of March, 1853, were married Mr. Bonebrake and Hester Ann Bishop, a native of Blendo-n township, Franklin county, and the youngest daughter of Captain John Bishop, who was a settler there in 18 18. She was educated in Worthington Seminary and soon after her marriage she became a member of the United Brethren church. She died November i, 1889, having borne her husband six children : Albert died at the age of eighteen years; IMary, at the age of twelve years ; Frank was educated in Otterbein University and engaged in the grocery trade at Woosterville, but w^as killed by a fall from a tree July 6, 1895, when he was about thirty-three years old; Lewis Davi3 is a commissioner of schools for the state of Ohio and his brother, Charles E., is' a clerk in his office ; and William is prominent in building and loan circles. Mr. Bonebrake's present wife was) Mrs. Eliza (Waagy) Dovel, of Preble county, Ohio. They were married in Franklin county' May 21, 1891, and she is a lady who possesses many estimable qualities wdiich have gained for her high regard.

Mr. Bonebrake has been a member of the United Brethren church since his eighteenth year. He was made assistant class-leader in his nineteenth year and in 1853 he became class-leader, acting in that capacity until his membership in and ordination to the ministry, in November, 1863. He is an outspoken temperance man and has done considerable public work for the temperance cause. Politically he was formerly a Whig and has been a Repub- lican since the organization of the party. Many years ago he filled the office of constable and he was' appraiser for Blendon township in 1890, giving excellent satisfaction in the ofiice. He paid one thousand dollars for his small farm at Westerville and has improved it greatly, giving much attention to fruit-culture for a number of years past.

Horace W. Whayman

Horace W. Whayman is a representative of that rare element of modern life, a valuable part of which yet rests upon a basis of something ideal and philosophical. He is a student with profound learning and deep insight into the great, fundamental principles of science ; yet his humanitarianism is broad and deep, bringing him into^ close touch with the representatives of the race. The evolution of the human race from barbarism to the present advanced civilization has been slow; and the man who in his day and generation has helped to elevate the tastes of those with whom he comes in contact does a work the results; of which w-ill be cumulative in generations to come.

We are led to the above train of reflections by contemplating the life work of one of the citizens of Columbus, Horace W. Whayman, a well known personage in the circles where intellectual activity is predominant and is accompanied by an accurate realization of man's duty to his fellow man. He is a native of Suffolk county, England, born November i, 1869, His father, Horace William Field Sancroft Whayman, Esq., was also a native of that county. Largely as' a pastime he took up the study of bibliography and archaeology, and was widely recognized as an authority on these subjects. The Whayman family is one of the most honored and distinguished of the old families of England, it having been established in Suffolk (East Anglia) before William the Norman crossed the channel, conquering the Anglo- Saxons, thus infusing the Norman blood into the English race. History tells us that Wimar was a sheriff and county justiciar in 1172, and from him our subject is a direct descendant. During the succeeding centuries the Whaymans have become allied through marriage with other prominent families, including the Walpoles, Wingfields, Nuns, Maynards and Billings - all East Anglian families. The name has been variously spelled, as Wimar, Wymar, W}'man, Weyman, Wayman and Whayman.

The mother of our subject prior to her marriage was Ellen Jane Bur- Avood Billing, of Gressen Hall, county of Norfolk, and of Oxford Suffolk, a daughter of Robert Billing, Esq., and a representative of the Billing family, anciently of the counties of Oxford and Cornwall. The Billings were of the same family as the Rt. Rev. Bishop Robert Claudius Billing, D. D., and were also allied wdth the Beusley Derehaugh, Cobb, Coke, Copeman and Loftus families. The Coke family numbered among its members the earl of Leicester.

educational privileges under private instructors in Colchester and Oxford, and later continued his studies in the theological seminary at Gambier, Ohio. Ill health in his early manhood led^ him to travel throughout Europe in the hope of improving his physical condition. A man of strong mentality, with a love of scientific research and deep study, he began to acquaint himself with ecclesiology and heraldry, becoming a pupil of Sir Arthur Bloomfield, now deceased. Bloomfield and Dr. George Marshall are considered the standard authorities on those subjects. In England Mr. Whayman was interested in slum work in the parishes of St. Alphege, Southwark and St. Agnes, Kennington Park.

In 1890 Mr. Whayman came to the United States, and, after residing for some time in New York city and in Cincinnati, Ohio, located permanently in Columbus, in 1895. During his residence here he has taken an active part in all that pertains to the welfare and progress of Columbus in material, esthetic, intellectual and moral lines. He is a very active and interested member of the Old Northwest Genealogical Society, having been one of its' founders. He also aided in the organization, and became one of the first members, of the Neighborhood Guild. He is greatly interested in libraryextension work and in the collection and preservation of the archives of the state. Also he is especially interested in the work of church decoration. He is a corresponding member of the Numismatic and Antiquarian Society of Montreal, also a life member of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and of the Norfolk Archaeological Society. He was the founder of the Guild at St. James in this country, a society which is doing a great work in church decoration along Anglican lines. An example of the work of the Guild in Ohio was seen in the decoration of St. Stephen at East Liverpool, and at Calvary, in Sandusky.

He holds membership in the church of the Good Shepherd, and is the author of a work entitled Emblems of the Saints, - a manual of instruction and reference for artists^ and architects. He edited Imago Regia, Thoughts, a philosophical work, and has contributed many articles of merit to historical and genealogical societies. He is a fellow of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland and is a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. He belongs to the IMasonic fraternity and is also a member of the Humboldt Verein. He is also president of the Columbus' Choral Association, an organization founded in a great degree by him, for the purposes of fostering a love of oratorio and larger works of the great masters.

At this point it would be almost tautological to enter into and series of statements showing that Mr. Whayman is a man of broad intelligence and genuine public spirit ; for these have been shadowed forth between the lines of this review. Strong in his individuality, he never lacks the courage of his convictions; but there are as dominating elements in this individuality a lively human sympathy and an abiding charity which, as taken in connecticm \\ith the sterling integrity and honor of his character, have naturally gained to him the respect and confidence of men.

John William Jones

Wales has furnisihed to Brown township, Frankhn county, Ohio, some of its best citizens in present and past generations. Prominent among these is the subject of this sketch. He is a son of John and Bridget (Hughes) Jones and a grandsion of Wihiam Jones, who was born and married and passed his Hfe in Anglesea. Following is some pertinent information concerning the children of John and Bridget (Hughes) Jones: Their eldest son, Hugh, lives in Liverpool, England. The subject of this sketch was the second in order of birth. Richard, who was a steward on an English vessel, died at Valparaiso, South America. William is a molder and lives at Liverpool, England. Elizabeth married William Lewis and died in Wales. Ann, of Liverpool, England, is the wife of Charles Shrine, who is captain of a merchant vessel. Catharine married Philip Jones and also lives at Liverpool.

John William Jones was born at Bangor, Carenarvonshire, in northern Wales; September 28, 1842, and attended school until he was eleven years old. His father having died, he was an apprentice for seven years to a ship carpenter at Port Norwick, Carenarvonshire. At the expiration of that time he went as a ship carpenter on board a merchant vessel from Cardiiff, South Wales, on a voyage to South American points, which consumed eighteen months. On his return he reshipped at Bristol, England, on board the same vessel for Quebec, Canada. The craft returned to Bristol laden with lumber, and Mr. Jones made another voyage with it to Quebec, and returning to Liverpool worked for three years in a ship yard at that city. He then shipped for Bombay, India, and returned to London, but almost immediately sailed again for Bombay on board another ship. From Bombay he went to Cochin, China, thence to Callao, South America, by way of Australia, thence to Rotterdam, Holland, next to- Shields, England, where he was employed on land for a time. Later he made a voyage to New York city, returning to Liverpool, w'hich wasi followed by another voyage from Liverpool to New York and return, on board the American liner, Canada.

Mr. Jones' was married, in Liverpool, England, to ]\lis& Jane Evans, a sister of* Edward Evans, a biographical sketch of wdiom appears in this W'Ork. After his marriage he worked at his trade in Liverpool until 1882, when with his wife he took passage at Liverpool for New York on a steamer of the White Star line. From New York he came direct to Columbus, Ohio, where he was for eighteen monthsi employed as a house carpenter. His wife died at Columbus, and, going to Brown township, he settled there on a farm, where he married Sarah Jerman, who is now deceased. His present wife was Miss Mary Matthews, a daughter of William ]\Iatthews, of Columbus, Ohio. His first wife left a daughter named Winifred, born April 10, 1880. He is now the owner of eighty-one and a half acresi of well improved land, on which there is a fine brick residence and other good buildings.

In politics Mr. Jones is a Republican, and he has proved himself a citizen of much enterprise and public spirit. He is a member of the Methodist

Episcopal church at Cohvell and is a liberal supporter of all its interests. He is genial and companionable and fond of reminiscence, especially of the days when sailing on many vessels he visited many ports, and he sometimes recalls an incident of a voyage from Callao to Antwerp when his vessel encountered a severe storm off Cape Horn and would have swamped had he not constructed a windmill, which served as a motor power to keep the pumps in action.

Among the physicians and surgeons of Columbus is Arthur A. Thoman. The Doctor was born in Fairfield county, Ohio, December 27, 1859. and is the son of Dr. B. K. and Mary (Weist) Thoman. His paternal grandparents were Martin M. and Fanny (Keller) Thoman, the former a native of Switzerland, while the maternal grandparents were Benjamin and Elizabeth (Bowser) Weist, and were early settlers of Pennsylvania.

The Doctor spent his early fife and school days at Baltimore. Ohio, where l;is parents still reside and where his/ father has been engaged for nearly a half-century in the practice of medicine. Entering Fairfield Union Academy, he graduated there at the age of sixteen, and after a few years teaching school while still pursuing his studies he entered the Ohio Wesleyan University. He did not finish his course there, but graduated at the Ohio :Medical College, with the clasis of 1881. After two years with his father in his native town he removed to Columbus and has been engaged in his profession. also_ managing extensive business' interests, being identified with the foremost citizens in all public interests.

Among the many patients who were constantly coming under the Doctor's care were hundreds who needed rest and quiet more than medicines, and, with the idea of providing a proper place where these could be secured Dr. Thoman purchased Mac-6-Chee Castle, the famous home and estate of the late Don Piatt, located in Logan county, Ohio, improving this historic and romantic place with conservatories, bath houses and modern offices', embellishing the already beautiful grounds with fountains that flowed night and day, flowers' and plants from every clime. There were gathered from all the western states both patients and people who were wooed to health and strength without the thought of medicine or treatment, as is ordinarily prescribed. The fame of the^sianitarium extended far and wide and it became a noted resort for those seeking recreation with rest and quiet as a cure for mental troubles. Finally the Doctor exchanged the sanitarium for a half interest in the Dennison Hotel, of Columbus: This building is a fine structure, advantageously located near the car lines on Dennison avenue, and receives the patronage of tho,je seeking a comfortable home removed from the dust and noise of a more busy thoroughfare. It has handsome apartments, is supplied with every modern convenience, and in addition has a roof garden beautifully fitted up with tropical plants.

for offices and an eniergencv hospital, equipped with electric baths as well as all other modern appliances in electricity for the treatment of rheumatism and nervous diseases. Particular attention is also given to treatment of the nose and throat. Treatment of the diseases of women is' most successfully accomplished without operations!. Nurses carefully trained are constantly in attendance treating and instructing the patients in self-treatment, that has proved a w-onderful success over the old lines of practice.

While the Doctor is' a firm believer in depending as much as possible on the forces of nature in the cure of disease, he i,g also a most skillful operator and does not hesitate a moment when the knife will bring the best results. He has been one of the first of his profession in this country to use "suggestive therapeutica" in nervous diseases. An earnest student, he has followed the teachings of the most advanced thinkers of Europe, and, being wonderfully gifted, has' reached a point in the use of this most wonderful science that places him second to none. His cases have been telegraphed to the New York Journal, and in full column wuth glaring head lines have been sent out over the w'hole world as the mosit remarkable phenomena of the times. The letters from patients and the many new\spaper notices which the Doctor has received would certainly make almost any other man vain. How^- ever, the Doctor does' not seem to think anything about it and looks after his large practice, manages the Dennison, and at the same time attends as carefully to his many beautiful plants and flowers as though his living depended upon them.

Charles B. Galbreath

The apprenhension and subsequent development of the subjective potential must ever figure as the delineation of the maximum cf personal success and usefulness in any field of endeavor, and the failure to discover this potential - or line along w^hich lay the greatest possibilities for development in any specific case - can but militate against the ultimate precedence and absolute accomplisihments' of the subject. To a greater extent than is usually conjectured does personal success abide in this element, and thus in the study of biography there is ever a valuable lesson to be gained. To the subject of this review there has come the attainment of a distinguished position in connection with the great educational interests of our country - the schools, the press and the public writings - and his efforts have been so discriminatingly directed along well defined lines that he seems' to have reached at any one point of progress the full measure of his capabilities of accomplishment in that line. A man of distinctive and forceful individuality, of broad mentality and most mature judgment, he has left his impress upon the intellectual world. He has been an educator of ability, a writer of profound thought, and to-day is exerting an important influence in mental development through his labors as state librarian.

birth having occurred in Fairfield town,bihip, Columbiana county, on the 25th of February, 1858. He manifested in his life many of the sterling characteristics of his Scotch ancestry. The Galbreaths resided for some time in Ireland and on leaving that country for the new world took up their abode in North Carolina, but the liberty-loving spirit of the family was strongly in opposition to the practice of slavery and their free expression of their opniionsi on the subject soon aroused the antagonism of the people among whom they resided, and they were forced to seek a home in the north. It was thus that in the pioneer days of Ohio the Galbreath family was founded in the eastern portion of the state, their home in Columbiana county being near the birthplace of Edwin Coppock, who was actively concerned in the historic incidents which centered about Harper's Ferry at the breaking out of the Civil war.

At the usual age when mental discipline begins in the schoolroom Charles B. Galbreath entered the primitive district schools near his home, continuing his' studies there until thirteen years of age, when on account of the serious illness of his father, he was obliged to- put aside his text-books and give his entire attention to the work of the home farm. Endowed by nature w4th a strong mentality, he, however, mastered all the branches of learning taught m the neighborhood schools, which he found opportunity to attend during the winter months. He w^as ambitious for intellectual advancement and prepared for further educational privileges by working in a sawmill, and thus obtained the money with which to meet the expenses of a course in the high school of New Lisbon, Ohio. At the age of seventeen he began teaching and later completed the high school course, afterward pursuing a four-years course in Mount Union College, being graduated from that institution with the degree of Master of Arts. The manner in which he obtained his education in the face of obstacles and difficulties shows forth his remarkable strength of character and ability to cope with the difiiculties he would meet in the great school of experience. He continued his work as an educator, being elected principal of the schools of ^\'ilmot, Stark county, Ohio, where he remained until 1886, when he resigned to accept the superintendency of the schools of East Palestine, Ohio, where he continued for eight consecutive years. The work which he there accomplished cannot be overestimated. He has particular ability as an organizer and disciplinarian, in addition to his skill of imparting clearlv. concisely and forcibly to others the knowledge wdiich he has acquired With a full and correct realization of the importance of the public school system of the land, which is one of the strong foundation stones of our national commonwealth, he labored untiringly and earnestly to advance the work of the schools with which he was personally connected, and it was with the deepest regret on the part of the citizens of Palestine that his association with its educational interests wa,s terminated.