Columbus City (part 3 of 57)

When the Hatch agricultural-experiment stations were inaugurated in 1888 Professor Kellerman was made the botanist to the Kansas station. In conjunction with W. T. Swingle, as assistant, he began research into the smuts of the cereals, which investigation yielded important scientific and economic results, embodied mainly in the station botanical bulletins for that and the succeeding three years. The crossing of maize varieties to secure a better kind for the southwest, the study of the sorghum disease and other subjects in practical botany received his attention. He also held the position of botanist to the state board of agriculture. During his continuation of the professorship in the college a small flora of Kansas was issued and many papers were read before the Kansas Academy of Science, and occasional botanical articles for the ]oress were prepared. Professor Kellerman also gave lectures each winter before the state farmers' institutes, and' he also began the publication of the Journal of Mycology, the first of the kind published in the country and the only one in this country then devoted to this s^^ecial department of botany. It was begun as a monthly publication, with the co-operation of J. B. Ellis and B. M. Everhart. This was continued under the same plan for four years, and during this time much technical matter of significance was published. Suggestive of the mycological work done, especially in the way of discovering a large number of new species of fungi, a new genus based on material furnished was named Kellermannia, and several specific names of new fungi and one of a moss were named by botanists Kellermani and Kellermanniana.

In 1 89 1 Dr. Kellerman was made the professor of botany in the Ohio State University. A separate professorship of this subject had been established by dividing that of horticulture and botany, and opportunity was offered to inaugurate and develop more comprehensive work in classroom and laboratory, to build up a general herbarium, develop a state herbarium, a botanical museum, and to carry on investigations of the state flora. Suffice it to say that a state herbarium rapidly growing and now of nearly twenty thousand mounted sheets of specimens: a general herbarium now more than twenty times the size it was when the professorship was accepted ; a full collection of the Ohio medicinal plants arranged for exhibition in the museum room; an illustrative set of specimens showing twigs, leaves, flowers, fruit, transverse section of trunk or board, panel, and the bark of each of the forest trees growing in Ohio, and other museum specimens; well equipped laboratories for work in plant histology, vegetable physiology, systematic botany and phytopathology, with large classes taking advance work, may indicat'e, at least in a general way, what has been accomplished in regular college work during the past ten years in which Dr. Kellerman has been the professor of botany in the Ohio State University.

He has also accumulated a private herbarium of about twenty thousand specimens, mostly of parasitic fungi. He published, in conjunction with Mr. Werner, a full catalogue of the Ohio plants in 1893. prefi^^ed by a complete bibliography of Ohio botany. This was an annotated list of all the plants which had at that time been reported for the state. In 1898 he issued the fourth State Catalogue, which was a check list of the Pteridophytes and Spermatophytes. with distribution by counties as shown by specimens in the State Herbarium. The following year a supplement to the above was printed. Professor Kellerman published a Spring Flora of Ohio, in 1895, and in 1898 prepared an Elementary Botany, with the Spring Flora, a book of three hundred pages; also Practical Studies in Elementary Botany, and a herbarium portfolio. - called Phytotheca, - all of which are published by Eldredge & Brother, of Philadelphia. He has also lectured each year before Farmers' Institutes and teachers' meetings in various parts of the state, and furnished numerous minor articles for the botanical press.

In 1876 Professor Kellerman was married to Stella \^. Dennis, a daughter of Dr. A. Dennis, a ladv of literary and scientific tastes. Of the three children. Ivy was born in \\'isconsin in 1877, and was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts in the Ohio State University, in 1898. from Cornell University, in 1898. with the degree of Master of Arts, and is now a special student in Greek ant! comparative philology. The second child, Karl F., born in Germany in 1879, was graduated m Cornell University with the degree of Bachelor of Science and besides carrying on graduate work is at present also assistant in botany in Cornell. Maude, born in 1888, in Kansas, is now attending the public school of Columbus.

Richard A. Harrison

Hon. Richard A. Harrison, of Columbus, is a native of our mother country, that land which shares with ancient Rome the honor and glqry of originating the legal and judicial system that is the pride and model of our modern civilization. He was born April 8, 1824, in the city of Thirsk, Yorkshire, England. His father was Robert Harrison, a mechanic and a local minister of the gospel in the Methodist society, a man of sterling character and pronounced intellectuality. His mother was Mary Almgill, a woman of good English stock of the beautiful and prosperous shire of York. Richard came to the United States with his parents in 1832; the family were induced to make this transplanting of their home from "merrie England" to the ''land of the free and the home of the brave" by the accounts which they had received from a son who had preceded them in the emigration. They first settled in Waynesville, Warren county, Ohio, and shortly thereafter removed to Springfield, Clark county. Richard at this time was but eight years of age, and was the youngest of nine children. His parents bestowed upon the boy all that parental love could prompt, and the thrift and frugality of a noble home could: spare. But Richard's training was mostly in the preparatory school of adversity and later in the broader university of the world's affairs. The rudiments of his education were acquired in the public schools of his village, especially the Springfield high school, from wdiich young Richand graduated during the principalship of the scholarly and accomplished Rev. Chandler Robbins. While still in school he contributed to his own support by faithfully filling the humble duties of "devil" in a printing office, and at the age of twelve, thrown solely upon his own resources, he sought and obtained employment in the office of the Springfield Republic, then edited and managed by John M. Gallagher, at one time the speaker of the Ohio house of representatives, the editor of the Ohio State Journal for several years, and a man of great ability and encyclopedic information. The Republic was in those days the influential Whig paper of the state. Under this most practical and valuable tutelage Richard remained until 1844.

It W'-as the formative and informing period of the boy's mind, and in this academy of the "art of arts" - the printing office - which has graduated selfmade men whose merited laurels in life's struggles have out-shone the honor of many another's college degrees, Richard, like that other "Poor Richard" of Benjamin Franklin, became accomplished in the accurate knowledge and facile use of his mother tons^ue, as well as endowed with that knowledo:e of multitudinous affairs that it is the providence of the press to gather and disseminate. Without doubt .it was in these years, when he stood plodding patiently at the compositor's case, that the foundation was laid of his ready and precise diction, so that both in speech and with the pen "his words, like so many nimble and airy servitors, trip about him at command." The true lawyer, like the genuine poet, is born, not made, and the natural and irresistible bent of Richard's mind was in the direction of the legal profession, and he readily accepted the opportunity of becoming a student in the law office of William A. Rogers, one of the most eminent members of the Ohio bar. This he did in the year 1844. The late William White, a judge of the court of common pleas ten years, of the supreme court of Ohio twenty years, and at the time of his decease a judge of the United States district court, was a schoolmate of Mr. Harrison and a fellow student in the law office of Judge Rogers in Springfield, Ohio. Mr. Harrison, after eighteen month's study under the direction of Judge Rogers, entered the Cincinnati Law School, the first law school established west of the Alleghanies, at that time having such admirable instructors as William S. Groesbeck and Charles Telford. The full course of the school was but six months and he graduated in the spring of 1846, and by virtue of his diploma was admitted, without further examination, to the bar on his twenty-second birthday, April 8, 1846, at London, Ohio, by Judges Hitchcock and Wood of the supreme bench. At that time the supreme court consisted of four judges, and' at the close of the December term in March, held in Columbus, the court divided and two judges went upon the circuit which lay north of the National road, and two upon the southern circuit. London was the location of the first court to be held in the southern division. Mr. Harrison, who was then, as he has been heard to relate, "poor as Lazarus," - even being compelled to purchase on credit the few books of his office library, - at once began tlie practice of his profession at London, where he resided until May, 1873, when he removed to Columbus. His rise was not meteoric, like the "flight of Mercury," but steady, sure and permanent, like the enduring growth of the oak which ]Mr. Harrison so much in solidity of mind and stability of character resembles. His clients came cautiously at first, soon confidently and in numbers.

An amusing incident occurred during the trial of the first case in which Mr. Harrison appeared as counsel in a court of record. On the morning of the day before the trial he left his boots to be mended, explaining to the shoemaker that the work must be done before the court met the next morning, as he had no other footwear except a pair of old-time "carpet slippers." He was assured that the boots would be ready at the appointed time without fail, but the promise was not kept. The case was called. The shoemaker happened to be a witness for the plaintiff, and his journeyman had been subpoenaed as a witness for the defendant, wdio was Mr. Harrison's client. On cross-examination of the shoemaker Mr. Harrison asked him whether he had not made certain statements to his journeyman which were very different from his testimony in chief. The witness admitted he had made such statements, but explained that when he made them to the journeyman he was not under oath. Mr. Harrison then inquired, "John, you are still under oath, are you?" The witness said, "Yes." "When, then, will you have my boots mended?" "By to-morrow noon," was the answer. The boots were done a couple of hours before the time fixed under the solemnities of a judicial oath!

Mr. Harrison's practice was that of the usual practitioner of the day, the ''circuit traveler" with its crude means of transit, its romantic and varied experiences in court and tavern. Not only throughout southern Ohio but in other parts of the state ajso his clientage called him. Mr. Harrison has never been an office-seeker; public office has never been in the line of his ambition or his taste, but, true citizen that .he is, he has discharged bis duty to the commonwealth of both state and nation Avhen called upon by his fellow men. His political honors have been many and to the gift of each he has added the luster of his learning, the value of his integrity, sound wisdom and indefatigable devotion to duty.

In politics he was first a Whig and then a Republican. In the fall of 1857, when Salmon P. Chase was re-elected governor of the state, j\Ir. Harrison was elected a member of the house of representatives from Madison county. It was an exciting and close contest, Mr. Harrison, 'as the Republican candidate, being opposed by a formidable combination of the adherents of the Democratic and Know-nothing parties. Mr. Harrison was successful by a majority of twenty-four. In the Ohio house of representatives, which convened in January, 1858, Mr. Harrison met as colleagues such members as Judge J. A. Ambler, of Columbus; Judge AY. H. West, of Logan; Judge J. M. Briggs, of Fayette; Judge W. R. Rankin, of Franklin; James Monroe, later the veteran congressman from Lorain ; Judge Isaac C. Collins, of Hamilton ; and Judge William B. Woods, of Licking, later of the United States supreme court. Amid this galaxy of gifted scholars and statesmen Mr. Harrison was accorded at once conspicuous rank. It was a largely Democratic body. The judiciary committee consisted of seven members, with Judge Rankin as chairman. Messrs. Harrison and Ambler were the only Republican members, but to Mr. Harrison was accorded a very large share of the work, and in this field his legal learning, unerring judgment and fervid patriotism found ample employment. Through this committee Mr. Harrison introduced, and caused to be enacted, many of the leading laws of our state. Among these were the bills concerning the relation of guardian and ward ; providing for the semi-annual payment of taxes ; for the relief of the district courts and others of equal importance. Little opportunity, however, was given to Mr. Harrison for the development or dispby of his forensic powers.

Those were the days when party lines were closely drawn, and important measures, especially of a political nature, were dictated by that tyrant of party politics. "King Caucus," and propelled l)y partisanship through the house with- out proper public deliberation or debate. But toward the second session, the winter of 1858-9, Mr. Harrison's eloquence burst forth in the discussion over the report of the commission appointed at the preceding session to investio-ate the state treasury defalcation. Governor Chase was serving- his second term, having been re-elected by the Republican party. By this report of the commission his political opponents attempted to implicate and besmirch the character of the governor. In his special message communicating the commissioners' report to the house, the governor called attention to the invidious criticism embraced in the report. To rebuke the governor, it was moved to print the report of the commission without the message of the governor accompanying it. The gross injustice of this political partisanship aroused Mr. Harrison, and he obtained the floor for the defense of the wronged governor. In the delivery of his speech, the earnestness of his efforts brought on a sudden attack of hemorrhage of the lungs. His friends, alarmed at the incident, insisted that he should not proceed with the discussion, but despite their importunities, after a brief respite, he continued his speech to its forcible conclusion. He was borne from the room in a condition of complete exhaustion. But his persuasive, logical and just argument dominated the house, and the message of the governor was published with the report of the commission and the attempted partisan thrust at Mr. Chase fell unavailing. It was a dramatic scene, but characteristic of Mr. Harrison's fearlessness and love of justice and fair play.

In 1859 Mr. Harrison was promoted by his constituents to the state senate. The senate of 1860-61 was distinguished for the ability and brilliancy of its members, among whom were : James A. Garfield, afterward the president of the United States; Jacob D. Cox, later a general of the army, governor of the state and member of General Grant's cabinet ; Judge Thomas C. Jones ; Judge Thomas M. Key ; James Monroe ; F. A. Ferguson, and others, whose names have since been illustrious in the annals of our state and nation. Mr. Harrison was made the chairman of the judiciary committee and was elected president pro tempore of the senate. In this position he exhibited the qualities of an admirable presiding officer; calm, dignified, impartial, with a thorough comprehension and a ready application of the principles of parliamentary law. The session of 1861 was one of the most memorable in the history of the state. It was the period of the outbreak of the great rebellion and the nation's peril. During that session questions of the greatest moment, not only of state but even of the nation, were considered and acted upon. Those were the times that tried men's souls and called for the exercise of the utmost calmness, the deepest wisdom, the most unflinching courage and unwavering patriotism, and often the sacrifice of life-long party principles.

Among the matters brought before the members were tb.e measures^ to strengthen \he public credit, provide ami^le currencv, raise and ecjuip armies, and provide wavs and means for the common defense and the maintenance of the federal Union in all its entirety and integrity. To all these Mr. Harrison gave courageous, efficient and zealous support. The power and resources of his minjd, the strength of his character, the deep devotion of his loyalty, were all consecrated to the opportunities and duties of the hour in behalf of the cause of the country of his adoption. Before the Rebellion shook the nation with its initial reverberations, Mr. Harrison, as a loyal lover of peace and humanity and a disciple of law and order, did all in his power to avert the storm of civil war. James Buchanan was still the president, and, in view of the threats of the southern states, had sent a special message to congress on the subject of the contemplated uprising of the south against the federal government, in which he had ostensibly taken a position in favor of the maintenance of the Union. Mr. Harrison with his colleagues took the ground that they should assun^ic the integrity and sincerity of President Buchanau in his message, and in support of such a policy Mr. Harrison had the honor, on January 12, 1861, to introduce in the Ohio senate the following resolutions, of which he was author :

"I. That the people of Ohio, believing that the preservation of the unity of government that constitutes the American people one people is essential to the support of their tranquillity at home, of their peace abroad, of their safety, of their prosperity, and of that very liberty which they so highly prize, are firmly and ardently attached to the national constitution and the union of the states.

"H. That the general government cannot permit the secession of any state without violating the obligations by which it is bound under the compact to the other states and to every citizen of the United States.

"HI. That whilst the constitutional rights of every state in the Union should be preserved inviolate, the powers and authority of the national government must be maintained, and the laws of congress faithfully enforced, in every state and territory until repealed by congress, or adjudged to be unconstitutional by the proper judicial tribunal; and that all attempts by state authorities to nullify the constitution of the United States, or the laws of the federal government, or to resist the execution thereof, are revolutionary in their character, and tend to the disruption of the best and wisest system of governmen<t in the World.

'TV. That the people of Ohio are inflexibly opposed to intermeddling with the internal affairs and domestic relations of the other states of the Union, in the same manner and to the same extent as they are opposed to any interference by the people of other states with their domestic concerns.

"V. That it is the will and purpose of tlie people of Ohio to fulfill in good faith all their obligations under the constitution of the United States, according to the spirit and intent thereof, and they demand the faithful discharge of the same duty by every state in the Union ; and tlius. as far as may l)e, to insure tranquillity between the state of Ohio and the other states.

statute books conflicting with, or rendering less efficient, the constitution or laws of the United States, to repeal them; and it is equally incumbent upon the general government, and the several states, to secure to every citizen of the Union his rights in every state, under that provision of the constitution which guarantees to the citizens of each state all the privileges and immunities of the citizens of the several states ; and thus inspire and restore confidence and a spirit of fraternal feeling between the different states of the Union.

"VII. That the Union-loving citizens of those states who have labored, and still labor, with devotional courage and patriotism to wathhold their states from the vortex of secession, are entitled to the gratitude and admiration of the wliole American people.

"VIII. That we hail with joy the recent firm, dignified and patriotic special message of the president of the United States, and that the entire power and resources of Ohio are hereby pledged, whenever necessary and demanded, for the maintenance, under strict subordination to the civil authority, of the constitution and laws of the general government by whomsoever administered.

"IX. That the governor be requested to forward, forthwith, copies of the foregoing resolutions to the president of the nation, and the governors of all the states of the Union, and to each of the senators and representatives in congress from this state, to be by them presented to each branch of the national legislature."

Well has a distinguished contemporary said that those resolutions, so patriotic in their spirit, merit for Mr, Harrison a just immortality. The}r passed the senate with but one dissenting voice, and received but two opposhig votes in the house.

In February following, when Abraham Lincoln, president elect, was on that memorable journey to Washington, he stopped at Columbus, and, while the guest of Governor Dennison, Mr. Harrison was presented to him as a member of the state senate. The president elect at once inquired if he was the Harrison who was the author of the patriotic and timely resolutions, and, upon being assured, expressed great pleasure at meeting the author. At the special request of Mr. Harrison, the venerable Thomas Ewing. one of the most honored and trusted of Ohio's statesmen and jurists, was appointed by Governor William Dennison as one of the commissioners to represent Ohio in a conference of tli^tates, called by invitation of the Virginia legislature, to assemble at Washington, D. C, on the 4th of February. 1861, to consider the then impending crisis. But the God of battles could not lie stayed ; the purity and perpetuity of our federal government could be secured only by the baptism of blood. The guns of treason belched forth their fire upon Sumter and the nation, horror-stricken, trembled at the issue. Naught but physical frailty prevented Mr. Harrison from enlisting in his country's service, but there was sore need of stanch citizens at home no less than courageous soldiers at the front. ]\Ir. Harrison was foremost in that noble number of loyal statesmen who in the legislative forum foug-ht as persistently and patriotically to sustain the national government as did the "boys in blue" on the tented field.

Shortly after the adjournment of the legislature in 1861 Mr. Harrison was chosen by the electors of his district to the seat in congress made vacant by the resignation of ex-Governor Thomas Corwin upon his appointment as minister to Mexico. He took his seat in the national house of representatives at that momentous extra session called by President Lincoln, and w^iich convened July 4, 1861. Here Mr. Harrison was called to cope with the great questions that presented themselves to the legislative body of a nation tossed in the throes of armed rebellion. Mr. Harrison's particijpation in the deliberations of this session need not be related in detail. The acts of that congress are a memorable part of our national history. The voice of Mr. Harrison, when uplifted, but echoed the patriotic inspiration of his purpose, and his vote on every question but emphasized the loyalty and wisdom of his action.

The close of this congress, March 3, 1863, marked the retirement of Mr. Harrison from public life. By the legislative reapportionment of the congressional districts of Ohio, in 1862, Madison county, in which Mr. Harrison resided, was attached to the Franklin district, in which the Democratic majority was large, and Mr. Harrison w^as succeeded by Samuel S. Cox. Since that retirement from the political field Mr. Harrison's pursuits have been exclusively confined to the line of his profession. His stew^ardship as a statesman, so creditable to himself and so valuable to his country, ripened his experience, broadened his knowledge and enlarged his mental vision, bu1i did not allure him from his profession, for which he was by nature so eminently fitted, and which he has by his achievements so splendidly adorned. As has been noticed bv one of his distinguished biographers. Judge W. H. \\'est :

"The opportunities of Mr. Harrison, while pursuing his legal studies, were most fortunate. The bench of Springfield was adorned by the modest learning of Judge J. R. Sw^an, its bar by the sterling qualities of Edward Cummings, the courtly dignity of Sampson Mason, and the brilliant genius ancH gifted versatility of William A. Rogers. The lessons of precept and of example derived from these model gentlemen of the old school ripened into fixed and most agreeable traits of professional character. Not less fortunate was the opening of Mr. Harrison's professional career. The ancient 'circuit practice had for him a fascination which yet continues. The intricate system of land titles peculiar to the Virginia Reservation, within which his 'circuit' lay, had not ceased to be a fruitful source of litigation. The magnitude of individual estates in the Scioto valley often gave rise to controversies about their succession. His rapid rise at the bar soon opened to him these fields of legal contention, in which he was early accustomed to encounter, and often successfullv contend with ex-Justice Swavne. John W. Andrews. P. B. \\' ilcox,

Governor Nelson Barrere, the lamented Judg-es Briggs, Sloan and Dicky, Jonathan Rennick, distinguished for his great good sense, the late Hocking H. Hunter and occasionally to meet the venerable Thomas Ewing. In these rencounters he early learned that there could be no excellence without labor; that undisciplined genius may transiently soar, but only toil can maintain the ascent it makes. To have once achieved success in those contests was worth ambition; to maintain the conflict on equal terms through a succession of years was its goal. To this he bent his powers and he has not been disappointed. Jealous a mistress as is the law, he paid her assiduous devotion, crowning her with garlands gathered from every department of her domain. Studying her precepts as a system of philosophy, he applied them as a science, not as an art. Not omitting to cultivate familiarity with adjudicated cases, it was rather to extract from each its underlying principle than to employ it unintelligently as judicial 'ipse dixit: Aided in this by strong sense, quick perception, discriminating judgment and great power of analysis, he has united familiarity with the intricacies of procedure to a substantial mastery of judicial construction and interpretation, and the general principles governing in the adjudication of the multiform rights which spring from the ever-colliding relations of life."

Mr. Harrison's early practice was, as before intimated, under the old regime of the "circuit-travel" days, which gave a far wider and more varied field for observation and experience with men than do modern methods. On this subject we cannot do better than quote a passage by Mr. Harrison himself, concerning the "early Ohio bar," to which subject he so felicitously responded at the Thurman banquet, November 13, 1890:

"In the early history of Ohio each judicial circuit was composed of many counties, and each county was very large. The lawyers traveled with the president judge of the circuit from county to county, on horse, over wretched roads, a great part of the year, with their papers and books in their 'saddlebags,' and some of them not without 'flasks' and 'packs.' They were often compelled to lodge two-in-a-bed, thus carrying into practice Blackstone's theory that the Science of the law is of a sociable disposition. A session of a judicial court in a county was an event of interest to all the inhabitants thereof. It was largely attended by mere spectators. The lawyers were thereby stimulated to do their best, much more than they were by the pittances received from their clients. The elegant courtrooms of the present day, devoid of spectators, are by no means as favorable schools or theaters for advocacy and oratory as the primitive log court-houses, crowded with appreciative listeners. The early lawyers were noted for their mother wit. their knowledge of human nature, and their knowledge of the underlying principles of jurisprudence and of right, and the facility and accuracy with which they applied them. There were active and influential politicians, and they sought the gratification of their ambition by service in public life. In these times, to render the state some service was regarded as honorable and praise- worthy, as to have rendered service to the nation. (Would that this view were again adopted!) The early lawyers were not dwarfed by the barren littleness of the profession when followed as a mere trade. They were less anxious about fees than they were to win the applause and gain the suffrages of their fellow citizens. They practically illustrated the notion which regards the fee of the lawyer as the offering of gratitude, not as the wages of labor, and that a lawyer is the servant of his fellow men for the attainment of his justice, in which definition is expressed both the lowliness and the dignity of his calling. There were no stenographers in the times of the early lawyers. Trials were of short duration. The lawyers went straight to the material points in controversy and the fray was soon ended. A trial was not a siege, but a short hand-to-hand contest.

"The early Ohio bar cultivated a warm professional feeling, and their standard of professional integrity and honor was high. There were then no bar associations with disciplinary jurisdiction. None were needed. Professional ethics and professional honor were very rarely violated, and, when vitiated, the offender was at once completely ostracized by his brethren and his occupation was gone. The free, open, fraternal and honorable character of the profession of the law has never been better illustrated than it was by the early Ohio bar."

In 1870 Mr. Harrison was a candidate for judge of the supreme court of Ohio, but with his colleagues on the ticket he was defeated at the election. In 1875 Governor Hayes, recognizing the superior fitness of Mr. Harrison for the position, appointed him a member of the supreme court commission of Ohio, and the senate promptly and unanimously confirmed the appointment; but Mr. Harrison declined. He could ill afford to sacrifice a large and lucrative practice for the inadequate emoluments of judicial office. Afterward, upon the decease of Judge William W. Johnson, in 1887, Governor Foraker tendered a seat upon the supreme bench to Mr. Harrison, but he declined the honor. I

Mr. Harrison's life, so fraught with the results of acts accomplished, is a striking illustration of the rewards received for unceasing and untiring effort. His genius is that genius which Carlyle designates as "hard work." Though endowed with talents of the highest order, though armored in mind with all the weapons of wisdom, knowledge and experience, yet he bestows the utmost conscientious and painstaking labor in the preparation of his cases. It is his habit upon occasion not merely to burn the midnight oil but not infrequently his task also finds him tireless at his desk till "night's candles are burned out," and "morn, waked by the circling hours, wnth rosy hands unbars the gates of light." His briefs are clear and exhaustless treatises, not only upon the principles but also the application of the law to the facts pertinent to the points at issue. They are models in logical and legal arrangement of the case at the bar, recited in all the potency and perfection of a masterful command of language. Nor have his herculean labors, the hand- maid of his natural powers, been restricted to the immediate pursuits of his practice. Possessed of a large and fruitful mind, he has chosen for his intimate and familiar companions the leaders of thought, speech and action in all ages. A constant reader, with a remarkably retentive memory, his mind is stored with the choicest productions of ancient and modern classics. One who has been both his associate and his antagonist in the legal forum has said of him :

"His style is logical, terse and compact, though not barren of illustration and embellishment. His singularly agreeable voice, distinct enunciation, candor of statement, and great earnestness of manner, win sympathy, secure confidence and carry conviction. In this, hardly less than in the logic of his words, lies the secret of his success. But the magic of his power is the courage of conscious right, and the boldness of thorough preparation, which distinguishes him. Armed with these his attack is direct, pinioning wrong by exposing its deformity, and rearing about justice a fortress of truth. Mastery of self is the strength of his armor. Ever subordinating temper, his quickness of repartee and keenness of sarcasm render him invulnerable; yet so playful and pleasantly does he employ these weapons that, while their victim rarely wishes to provoke their second employment, his .repartee punctures without sting, and his sarcasm cuts without wounding."

It is in consideration of questions of constitutional law that the mental acumen and legal ability of Mr. Harrison have found their most adequate and fitting field. As a constitutional lawyer his reputation is national, and he is ranked among the foremost of American lawyers. His success in the Boesel Railroad cases, reported in Granger's Ohio Supreme Court Reports (1872), established his eminence as a lawyer on constitutional questions, while, at the same time, it saved the people from the imposition of an oppresive system of taxation that would yield no return. Since that time Mr. Harrison has appeared either on one side or the other, before the supreme court, in the leading contests concerning the validity of legislative enactments. J\Ir. Harrison proceeds to the presentation of his case in absolute frankness and fairness, but with the facts and law marshaled like the forces of an unconquerable general, with every point of the line guarded for the attack, be it offensive or defensive. But, great as are his powers of argument and logic, his disposition is judicial rather than disputatious, and, as has often been said by his acquaintances of both bench and bar. it is to be regretted that the highest position in his profession, a seat in the national supreme court, has not demanded his services. Indeed, it is an interesting incident that he was at one time selected for that position. George Alfred Townsend, the famous newspaper correspondent, relates in a recently published letter, that when a vacancy on the bench of the supreme court of the United States was caused by the decease of Mr. Justice Lamar, President Harrison, in a recent conversation in New York with some members of the bar, stated that it was his intention to nominate ]\Ir. Harrison to fill the vacancy, but that a question arose as to Mr. Harrison's age. Ouiet inquiry developed that he had just passed his sixtieth birthday, which precedence has estabhshed as the time limit. That fact alone prevented his nomination. Though having declined, among other honors, appointments to fill vacancies of the supreme court of Ohio, President Harrison was satisfied that Mr. Harrison would have accepted the appointment he was about to tender him. It would have come as acknowledgment of Mr. Harrison's unquestioned qualifications for the position. The late Judge Howell E. Jackson was appointed to fill the vacancy. In many cases in the federal and state courts Mr. Harrison has acted either as referee or special master of chancery. Some of them are reported. In each case his decision, except in so far as his conclusions were founded upon express direction of the court of first instance, was sustained.

To him the principles of the law more than science, its' practice more than art - to liim the profession of the law^ is a mission, a sacred calling, demanding not only the highest attributes of the mind but also the consecration of character, the honesty and integrity of the most exalted and noblest manhood. ' At the opening of the College of Law of the Ohio State University, at Coiumbus, October i, 1891, Mr. Harrison delivered the address, and his tribute to his profession on that occasion deserves place in this sketch. He said :

"Law is not merely the instrument of government. Many persons seem so to regard it. But this conception of law is an erroneous one. On the contrary the truth is, law is the basis of public liberty and also the safeguard of each individual citizen's public and private rights and liberties. This is at least what the law of the land is in every free country. It is pre-eminently wdiat I have described it to be, in our own state and country. Wherefore there must necessarily be in our ow-n, and in every free state, a body of men who have a thorough and profound knowledge, an enlightened appreciation, and an enthusiastic love of the fundamental principles which constitute the basis of public liberty, and the private and public rights and liberties of the individual citizen. These liberties and rights cannot be expounded and vindicated, and maintained in their integrity without such a body of men. From their ranks magistrates, known as judges, must be chosen to administer the constitutional, statutory and common law of the land, and thus dispense public and private justice and maintain the rights of every citizen. It is a plain truth - perhaps an obvious commonplace - that without an enlightened judiciary no one's life or liberty or property or reputation is safe; and the efficiency of the administration of the law depends as well upon the learning, ability and integrity of the bar as upon the learning, ability, impartiality and independence of the bench. They are correlatives. As showing that the profession of the advocate and jurist is one of the principal supports of public liberty and individual personal rights and lil)erties, is the historical fact that this calling has tiourished most amidst free institutions, and under the most popular governments. Not only so. This profession, in any state or country or age, is an efficient activity in promoting the public welfare, especially when its controlling members are, before entering upon their active duties, deeply instructed not merely in the law of the land but also in the ethics of the profession of the bar as^ taught by those who are alone worthy of being its masters and guides."

Mr. Harrison's considerate courtesy and uniform urbanity to all, old or young, with whom he comes in contact, are the rare qualities of the older school of gentlemen, alas! too little exemplified in the present generation. Such a one as man, citizen and lawyer, is Mr. Harrison. Those who have enjoyed the boon of his friendship, aye, even the privilege of his acquaintance, will acknowledge it but due praise to say of him that he is foremost of those

Mr. Harrison's domestic relations have been as happy and delightful as his professional career has been honorable and brilliant. On December 21, 1847, he was married, at London, Ohio, to Miss Maria Louisa Warner, a daughter of Henry Warner, one of the honored pioneers of Madison county. Three daughters and four sons- were the result of this union. One of the daughters and two of the sons^ are deceased. The youngest son, Warner, wdio gives promise of being a worthy son of his distinguished father, is now associated with his father in the practice of the law, the firm being located at Columbus and known as Harrison, Olds, Henderson & Harrison. The firm was formerly Harrison, Olds' & Marsh. Mr. Marsh, now deceased, was a son-in-law of Mr. Harrison. D. K. Watson, formerly the attorney general of the state of Ohio and a congressman from the Franklin district, is a son-inlaw of Mr. Harrison.

AVhen the country became involved in Civil war there flocked to the standard of the nation men who came from the workshops, from the offices and from the fields. Every station and class of life was represented and all were actuated with the same honorable purpose, the perpetuation of the Republic, which was founded as the result of eight years of bloodshed and of war. As long as memory remains to the American people they will hold in grateful remembrance those whose efforts perpetuated the Union, and everywhere the blue uniform of the soldier awakens interest and admiration. Mr. Hutchinson was among the number who followed the stars and stripes upon the battlefields of the south, manifesting his loyalty and bravery on many occasions.

His life record began in' Francistown, New Hampshire, on the nth of May, 1 82 1, his parents being Osgood and Hannah (Fuller) Hutchinson, the latter a daughter of the Rev. Andrew Fuller, one of the early graduates of Harvard University. The boyhood of our subject was passed in his native town, where he acquired an academic education. He was a close and earnest student, and after completing his own course successfully engaged in teaching for two terms in the public schools. Wishing, however, to devote his life to a higher and holier calling, he prepared for the ministry, entering the theological school at Meadville, Pennsylvania, in 1847. He there pursued the regular course and was graduated in June, 1850. Subsequently he took a post-graduate course in Oberlin College, and in 1852 he opened a preparatory school on South High street, in Columbus, where he was engaged in teaching for fifty terms. During a part of that time he was also an instructor in the schools of Dublin. 'During his pedagogic career he also engaged in preaching the gospel, beginning his work in the ministry at the time when he entered Oberlin College for post-graduate work. For a half century he devoted his time partly to the work of the ministry, being ordained about 1853 as a member of the Christian church, belonging to the Ohio Central Christian Conference, in which all of his ministerial work has been performed, except for a period of eight years spent in Kittery, Maine, where he preached the gospel, carrying the glad tidings of great joy to many listeners.

When the Civil war was in progress he offered his services to the government in 1864, for one hundred days, enlisting as a member of Company C, One Hundred and Thirty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was mustered in with the rank of second lieutenant, and after joining the army was sent to Virginia. The regiment held the forts on the right wing of Grant's army. While there Mr. Hutchinson was detailed to command a force of one hundred men to cut away the timbers. He participated in a number of engagements, in one of which he was deafened by the concussion of cannons, and his hearing has ever since been impaired. He served his term of enlistment and was then honorably discharged, but has always continued social relations with his army comrades through his membership in Cicero Davis Post, of Dublin, Ohio, of which he is now chaplain, having held the position continuously since the organization of the post, with the exception of one year.

Since the war Mr. Hutchinson has resided in Franklin county with the exception of eight years spent in Maine. In the spring of 1865 he went south for a comrade, and while between Fortress Monroe and city of Washington was examined by an officer to see if he was Wilkes Booth, the assassin of then at liberty and hunted by the troops. \Miile on this trip Mr. Hutchinson took prisoner a man who had murdered four men, grabbing him as he was leaving the train and pulling him over the seat, thus holding him until he was shackled. Mr. Hutchinson has a hat rack made from pegs from the cabin of the Kearsarge after the fight with the Alabama. He also has in his possession a splendid collection of specimens and souvenirs of the Civil war, numbering over a thousand, including his regimental flag. He has taken a very active interest in promoting the cause of the soldiers wishing to obtain pensions, and his labors in this direction have been very effective.

On the 8th of July, 1850, Rev. Hutchinson was united in the holy bonds of matrimony to Miss Anna Havlin, of Boston, Massachusetts, a daughter of John and Ellen Havlin, who were also natives of the Bay state. Mr. and Mrs. Hutchinson became the parents of five children, - George, Hattie and Harry, twins, Walter and Albert, but all are now deceased. The eldest son was occupying a position in the navy yard at Kittery, Maine, at the time of his death, and is buried there. Mr. Hutchinson has taken quite an active interest in politics, supporting Abraham Lincoln and the measures represented by the Republican party. His has been a noble and upright life, devoted to the welfare of his fellow men. He is a man remarkable in the breadth of his wisdom, in his indomitable perseverance and his strong individuality. His life at all times would bear the closest scrutiny, and his influence in behalt cf what is right, true and good has been most marked. He is public spirited in an eminent degree, national progress and local advancement being causes both dear to the heart of this thoroughly loyal son of the republic. In demeanor he is quiet and unostentatious in manner, is pleasant and genial - an approachable gentleman who enjoys the warm friendship of a select circle of acquaintances.

Rev. A. Pflueger, M. A., one of the professors of the Capital University of Columbus, has throughout the greater part of his life been identified with those interests tending to the intellectual and moral development of mankind. His time has been consecrated to those lines of labor which lift humanity and make the individual better prepared for the duties of this life and better qualified for the life to come. He was born in Fairfield county, Ohio, November 27, 185 1, and as his name indicates, is of German lineage. His father, Henry Pflueger, came to the new world from Waldeck, Germany, in 1845, ^i^d on the Schneider. Professor Pflueger is their eldest child and the other members of the family are: Henry, who was born August 21, 1853, and is a physician 23d of January, 185 1, in Fairfield county, Ohio, he married ]\Iiss Susanna at Rewey, Wisconsin, and Mrs. IMary P. INIarvin. She was* born February 20, 1858, and w^as married in Columbus in 1882, becoming a resident of Findlay, Ohio, where her husband died.

and when he had mastered the various branches that form the curriculum of the city schools' of Columbus he entered the Capital University, where he pursued his studies from 1869 until 1871. He also pursued a theplogical course in that institution from 1874 until 1876. At the close of his university course he received a call to the Lutheran church in Baltimore, Maryland, where he remained as the pastor until 1878. In 1878-9 he ministered to the spiritual needs of the Lutheran congregation in Troy, New York, and then returned to Ohio, being located at Circleville until 1881. In the latter year he was installed as the pastor of the church of Thornville, Perry county, Ohio, where he continued until 1885, when he was offered his present position in the Capital University. He has since been connected with his itlnia mater as one of its instructors, and the efficiency of the work done in that institution is due in no small degree to his efforts.

Professor Pflueger was married on the 12th of September,_ 1878, Miss Margaret A. OehlJthlaeger becoming his wife. Their marriage has been blessed with the following named children: Luther, born in Circleville, Ohio, August 26, 1879; Charles W., born in Circleville, February 11, 1881; Edwin B., born in Thornville, June 7, 1883; George A., born in Columbus, December 20, 1885; Jesse P., born at Columbus, June 6, 1888; Martin T., born in Columbus, February 26, 1892; and Mary E. M., born January 7, 1895. Professor Pflueger is a man of strong individuality, of broad humanitarian principles, of keen discernment and of noble purpose, and these qualities have enabled him to exert a strong influence over the lives o| those with whom he has come in contact. His classical learning, his deep human sympathy and his Christianity have l)een potent elements for good in aiding those who have come under his' ministrations or instructions, and his life work has certainly made the world better.

Dr. Tidd, of Columbus, was born in West Virginia, near Parkersburg, in October, 1867, a son of Andrew C. Tidd and a grandson of Chas Tidd. The former was born in Monroe county, Ohio, and after arri\ing at years of maturity married Philena Knowles, a native of Meigs county, Ohio. After their marriage they removed to West Virginia, wdiere they remained for a few years, and the father carried on merchandising in INIarysville. His death occurred in that city May 19, 1900, but his' wife is still living, at the old homestead. She is a daughter of James and Harriet (Stone) Knowles.

The Doctor spent his early boyhood days in the state of his nativity, where for a time he attended the public schools. He also continued his education in private schools and later acted as his' father's assistant in the store. Wishing to devote his energies to the practice of medicine, he began reading under the direction of Dr. E. W. Rine at Long Bottom. Ohio. In March, 1893, he was graduated in the Starling Medical College, at Columbus, and soon

On the 22d of November, 1898, Dr. Tidd was united in marriage to ]Miss Linna C. Sass, of Columbus', a daughter of Fred C. and Elizabeth Sass. Socially he is connected with Germania Lodge, No. 4, K. P. He is a young man, energetic, resolute, ambitious, and the.'^e qualities are salient features of a successful career.

Emmett A. Brenneman

Among the most educated and respected residents of Prairie township, Franklin county, Ohio, who have made a success of horticulture, must be mentioned Emmett A. Brenneman. The grandfather, Christian, and the father. Solomon, were both natives of York county, Pennsylvania, and both grew up as farmer boys, the latter engaging in the milling business. The mother of our suliject was Rebecca (Zeller) Brenneman, who came to Ohio with her parents, at the age of ten years, from Berks county, Pennsylvania.

^^l^en the gold excitement swept through the country. Solomon Brenneman was amongst the first to go to the Golden State, California. The trip to the mines was overland, and for four years he mined in the most noted mines in that state. Returning with the benefits' of his infinite labor, he then became the leading miller of Rickley's Mill, on the banks of the Scioto river; and later he purchased one hundred acres in Prairie towaiship, living for eight years in a double log house, and then, tearing it down and replacing it by a brick residence, he enjoved the new dwelling but two years when he was called aAvay by death. The mother survi\-ed him until 1881. J\Ir. Brenneman was a Republican in his political views, and for some years both beloved parents were members of the Methodist church. Their children were: Julia E., \vho is now Mrs. Koch and resides with our subject; Susan E., who is now Mrs. Fred Stanch; Emmett, the subject of this review, who was married June 5, 1901, to Laura Planck, of Franklin township, one of the most successful and exemplary teachers of that township for the past seven years; and Edward G.. who married Ella Colvin, all of whom resick in Prairie township.

Emmett A. Brenneman, whose name introduces this record, was born on the 3d o^f February, 1866, and attended the district school until he was fifteen years old, after which he was obliged to remain at home. He was naturally very ambitious and studious, and of a very apt nature. He grew\ like the great and admired character, Horace Greeley, occupying every spare moment at his books. He took a course in shorthand writing and for three years taught it by mail. He also took up the scientific course of Chautauqua instruction, which he pursued through four years and received a diploma for the same. Owing to increasing farm duties he has been obliged to curtail his hours over his beloved books; yet hi? whole life in every respect remains as a model or guide to others.

In 1890 Air. Brenneman engaged in the small-fruit business, and now has fifty-seven acres devoted to every profitable variety. He has been a member of the Lutheran church since youth, and has taught in the Sundayschools since he was seventeen years old, and has become one of the best and most prominent church workers in the neighborhood in which he resides. In politics Mr. Brenneman calls himself an independent, although he cast his first vote for Harrison. He does not wish to be bound by any party lines and casts his' ballot for the men he believes will best protect and defend the interests of the country. One of his greatest enjoyments is his understanding of scientific topics, and he owns a fine and complete library on these subjects.

John L. Miller

Xo matter how much one may indulge in fantastic theorizing as to the cause of success, the superstructure of prosperity will be f(^und to rest upon a foundation of earnest and indefatigable labor, of capable management and honorable dealing. It is thus that Mr. Miller has won a place among the substantial citizens of Franklin county and his record has ever been fiich as to command for him the respect, confidence and good will of those with whom he has been associated. He w^as born in Harlem township, Delaware county, Ohio, January i, 1838, his parents being John and Nancy (Cockrell) Miller. The father was born in Muskingum countv, in 1808, and when a youth of nine years removed to Delaware county wi"h his parents, being there reared to manhood. After his marriage he settled on a farm of one hundred acres in Harlem township, wdiere he remained for fifteen years, when the farm was sold for taxes' and he purchased it, making it his place of abode up to the time of his death. After his purchase of the farm he removed the old cabin further from the road and erected a commodious frame residence. He also made many other substantial improvements upon the place, transforming it into a valuable property.

He wedded Nancy Cockrell, who was born in Harlem township, Delaware county, in 181 2, and was a representative of an old Virginia family. Her death occurred in 1862, and three of her five children are yet living, namely: John Leroy; Mathew A., a teacher of Fort Smith, Arkansas'; and Sarah, the wife of Frank Haroun, of Delaware county. After the death of his first wife the father married Miss Hannah Barr, a native of Virginia, and she is still living, her home being in Centerville, Delaware county. The only child born of this marriage w^as Ida, the wife of Frank Orndorff, of Delaw^are county. The father died in March, 1880, and the community thereby lost one of its most valued and representative citizens. He gave his political support to the Democracy and' in- early life he joined the Presbyterian church, but during the war he withdrew from that denomination and united with the Christian church, in which faith he died. For many years he served as a deacon and he took an active part in church work, doing all in his power to promote the cause of Christianity among his fellow men. His word was as good as' any bond that was ever solemnized by signature or seal. He was highly esteemed for his honesty and uprightness of character and his' example is certainly well worthy of emulation.

John Leroy Miller spent the days of his boyhood and youth upon the old homestead and early became familiar with the work of field and meadow, assisting in the plowing in the spring time, in the cultivation of the crops through the summer and in garnering the harvests in the autumn. His' educational privileges were limited, as he had no opportunity to attend school until his sixteenth year, for the school house was a mile and a half from his home and he was very frail, a frailty succeeded, however, by a vigorous manhood. After entering busines's life he realized the necessity and importance of education and did the most to improve his opportunities. Business experience, observation, reading and investigation in later years have made him a well informed man and he is now numbered among the intelligent and valued residents of his township.

On the 17th of Feljruary, 1859, Mr. Miller was united in marriage to Miss Julia A. Adams, a native of Delaware county, Ohio, and a daughter of William and Sarah Adams, the father now deceased, while the mother is in Westerville. Mr. and Mrs. Miller became the parents of three children, but only one is now living, John R. The mother died in 1867, and on the 19th of March, 1868, Mr. Miller was joined in marriage to Miss Sarah J. Gorsuch, a native of Harlem township, Delaware county. Her death occurred in January, 1 88 1, and on the 19th of March, 1884, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Miller and Miss Celia H. Dent, a native of Trenton township, Delaware county. Her father, Edward H. Dent, was born in Licking county, Ohio, and after his marriage took up his abode in Delaware county. Elder L. B. Hanover, who is still living, performed all three ceremonies for our subject. The children of the present marriage are Ethel D. and Leroy D., both of whom are attending school.

After his marriage Mr. Miller resided upon a farm belonging to his father-in-law until the fall of 1866, when he operated the William Hunt farm for a year. He subsequently worked on the Jonathan Batesson farm for a year, receiving three hundred and fifty dollars for his services, and then removed to the Bigelow Bennett farm, near Centerville, renting that land. In 1868 he took up his abode on the farm now owned by Melvin B. Rich, in Harlem township, and a year later he removed to the Williams farm, for which he paid cash rent for two years. He made money in this way, it being his first notable success. In the spring of 1870 he removed to a tract of land in Plain township, Franklin county, owned by his father-in-law, Thomas Gorsuch. > Li 1868 he began operating a thresher and soon afterward began the manufacture of lumber, conducting a sawmill during the winter season for two years. He continued his threshing: operations to a greater or less extent until 1895, when his interests at home demanded his attention and he gave up that industry. After two years' spent upon his father-in-law's place he purchased fifty-six acres of his present farm, for which he paid seventy-five dollars per acre. He made a cash payment of five hundred dollars, giving his note for the balance, and as he prospered he cleared off all indebtedness and added to the place until the homestead now comprises two hundred and sixty-two acres of vahial>le land. He also owns one hundred and fifty-six acres in Delaware county, which he purchased in 1885. He has been engaged in buying and selling stock and has been an extensive feeder of hogs, finding this a very profitable source of income. He is als'o one of the directors of the Westerville Bank and owns residence property in Westerville.

In his political views Mr. Miller is a Democrat, giving an unswerving support to the principles of his party. He served as township trustee for fifteen year? and has often been solicited to become a candidate for other offices, but has always refused. Fraternally he is connected with Caledonia Lodge, No. 416, F. '& A. M., of New Albany, and he belongs to Mispah Chapter, No. 38, Order of the Eastern Star, of Westerville. Handicapped in his youth by a lack of education, he has, nevertheless, conquered an adverse fate, working his way steadily upward to afikience. His life his'tory stands in exemplification of what may be accomplished through determined and earnest purpose when guided by sound judgment. In all his dealings he has sustained an unassailable reputation and his worth as a business man and citizen is widely known.

William O. Thompson

The Rev. William Oxley Thompson is one who has devoted his life to the work of the ministry and to the task of instructing the young along lines of mental advancement which are the source of preparation for the responsible duties which devolve upon each individual as he puts aside the textbooks to take up the work which must follow the labors of the school room. He is numbered among Ohio's native sons and has gained more than a statewide reputation as a minister and teacher. He was born in Cambridge, Guernsey county, Ohio, September 5, 1855, and is a son of David Glenn and Agnes Miranda Thompson. His paternal grandfather, David Thompson, was a native of the north of Ireland, and on emigrating to America took up his abode in Guernsey county, in the year 181 3. He was a weaver by trade, but became a farmer upon his removal to the Buckeye state. His son, David Glenn Thompson, was born May 7. 18 14, and spent hi? life in Guernsey, Muskingum and Licking counties, his death occurring in New Concord, Ohio, on the 25th of October, 1892. Upon leaving the farm be learned the trade of shoemaker and followed that occupation throughout his active business career. He enlisted as a soldier in the National Guards in 1864, becoming a member of the One Hundred and Sixtieth Regiment, with which he served chiefly in the Shenandoah vallev. He married Agnes ^liranda Oxley, a daughter of Joel Murrey Oxley, who was born January 6, 1808, in Smithfield, Jefferson county, Ohio, and was a woolen manufacturer. Mrs. Thompson's birth occurred March 26, 1824, and she now resides in New Concord, Ohio.

William Oxley Thompson was educated in the village schools of New Concord, Ohio, and of Brownsville. In early youth he worked upon a farm until he was able to attend college. When he found it possible to continue his studies he entered Muskingum College, where he completed the classical course and won the degree of bachelor of arts in 1878, being graduated at the head of his class. In 1872 he went to Lawn Ridge, Illinois, where he was employed as a farm hand through the summer months and in the winter devoted his attention to teaching school. In this way he gained the capital necessary to enable him to continue his studies. Wishing to devote his life to a work that Avould benefit his fellow men, he pursued the study of theology in the Western Theological Seminary, in Allegheny City, P'ennsylvania, where he was graduated in the class of 1882. His olma mater conferred upon him the degree of master of arts in 1881 and that of doctor of divinity in 1891, while the Western University of Pennsylvania, at Allegheny City, conferred upon him the honorary degree of doctor of laws in 1897.

After completing his course in the theological school Mr. Thompson went as a home missionary to Odelbolt, Iowa, where he remained until 1885. He was licensed by the presbytery of Zanesville, at Dresden, on the 13th of April, 1 88 1, and was ordained by the presbytery of Fort Dodge, in Fort Dodge, Iowa, July 13, 1882. In 1885 he removed to Longmont, Colorado, where he served as the pastor for a little more than six years, during four years of which time he was also the president of the newly projected Longmont College. In 1 89 1 he was called to the presidency of the Miami University, at Oxford, Ohio, where he served until 1899, when he was o.^ered and accepted the presidency of the Ohio State University, at Columbus, and is now thus connected with the educational work of the state. He has not only maintained but has raised the high standard of this institution and is continually in touch with the progress that is being made in educational circles. He is not only a man of broad scholarly attainments but also of broad humanitarian principles, and he regards education not merely as the acquisition of knowledge but as a preparation for life that one may correctly perform the duties which come to him, gain success and develop a character that commands the admiration and respect of the world.

One of the oldest passenger engineers in the Pennsylvania Railroad service is John E. Beckwith. who residesi at No. 821 North Fourth street, in Columbus. He was born July 17, 1835, '^^'^ Somerset; Ohio, and represents one of the honored and prominent old families of the state. His grandfather, Hon. David Beckwith, was for a numl^er of years' judge of the court of com-

John Beckwith, the father of our subject, was born in Bedford county, Pennsylvania, May 9, 1791, and prior to the second war with England he located in Perry county, Ohio. During the war of 1812 he joined the service under Colonel Joel Strong. In July, 181 8, he was appointed clerk of the courts of Perry county and acceptably acted in that capacity for ten years. Then, after an interval of four years, he was reappointed^ in 1832, continuing in the office until 1839. Once more, in 1848, he was appointed to that office. His service in the one office covered about a third of a century; and the fact that he was several times re-elected after an interval in which some one else held the office shows that his work was regarded as superior to that of any other incumbent. He died December 3, 1873, and his wife, Mrs. Isabel Beckwith, who was born in Middletown, Dauphin county, Pennsylvania, passed away on the 15th of December, 1880.

They had three sons and three daughters', namely : John E. ; David, who died at the age of five years; Joel, who died in 1854; Emma, now deceased, who became the wife of Benjamin Stone, who died September 29, 1849, '^"d on the 14th of August, 1853, she became the wife of Dr. Dorsey, now a resident of Dalta. Dalta county, Colorado, who served in the Third Ohio Infantry in the Civil war; Catherine, the widow of J. H. O'Neill, a prominent attorney of Somerset, Ohio, who once represented his county in the state legislature ; and Elizabeth, the wife of Dr. Spellman, formerly of Somerset but now a resident of Fort Wayne, Indiana.

John E. Beckwith of this review acquired his early education in the state of his birth and began work in tlie employ of a railroad company on the 9th of February, 1862, acting as a fireman on the Piqua division of the Panhandle road under Engineer James Fleavy, with whom he ran until 1863^ He was then placed on a passenger engine under Engineer James Gormerly, continuing on that run until the middle of May, 1865, when he was made yard engineer in the Piqua yards of Columbus. He acted in that capacity for twelve months, when he was promoted to the position of engineer in the roundhouse in Columbus, sierving until January, 1867, when he was made road engineer. In January, 1871, he was appointed engineer on the passenger train and has continuously served in that way since. He has never had a wreck or collision and has never sustained any personal injuries while in the railroad employ. For a quarter of a century he hasi been a member of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. The great care which he exercises in performing his duties is indicated by the fact that his work has been entirely free from accident of any description.

On the 3d of July, 1857, in Cincinnati. Ohio, by Archbishop Purcell, Mr. Beckwith was united in marriage to Miss Mary Clossick, and unto them have been born the following named : Mary I., born April 2, 1870; John H., May I, 1872; Lillian C, February 24, 1876; and William F., December 17, 1878.

The elder daughter was married, by the Rev. Father J. B. Eisi, on the 15th of October, 1896, to John C. Cornell, and their children are: Mary C, born August 30, 18*97; Isabel ]\I., October 30, 1898; and John D., September 2, 1900. John H. Beckwith, the elder son of the family, was married October 18, 1893, to Miss Cora Belle IMellon, of Columbus, where they now reside. The Rev. Father J. B. Eis also performed that ceremony.

Mr. Beckwith joined the Methodist church when a young man but is not now a member of any church, while his wife and children are all members of the Sacred Heart Catholic church of this city. Mr. Beckwith's' connection with railroad service covers almost forty years, during which time .he has gained a reputation in the line of his chosen calling that is indeed creditable and enviable.

Joseph Wright

Among those who have in former years been prominent in the business affairs of Franklin county, and are now numbered among those who have made their way to that "undiscovered country from wdiose bourne no traveler returns," is Joseph Wright. He came to Franklin county in 1846 and took up his abode in Clinton township in ,1854, being long identified with its agricultural interests. At that time he purchased fifty acres of partially improved land and to its further development and cultivation he gave his energies, making it a very valuable property. He married Miss Nancy M. Sharp and when they came to Franklin county they were the parents of three children, namely: Samuel P., Mary A. and Rosetta M. The elder daughter became the wife of Levi Johnson and died in April, 1900, while Rosetta is the wife of iMartin Rauck, wdio resides in Mifflin township.

Mrs. \A^right was a daughter of C^ornelius Sharp, one of the pioneer settlers of Ohio, who came to the west from New York. He located i:i Blendon, Franklin county, where his wife died. ~Mv. Sharp had a family of children, namely : James. Peter, Cornelius, Carlyle, Anson and Nancy M. For his second wife Mr. Sharp chose Mrs. Munger,'a widow. He lived in Franklin county throughout his remaining days and died in January, 1869, on the old homestead which joined the farm now occupied by his grandson, Samuel Wright. He was a man of deep religious convictions and in early Kfe was an exhorter in the Methodist Episcopal church. At the time of the war of 181 2 he entered his country's service and participated in the battle of Plattsburg. In his political affiliationsi he was a Democrat, giving unswerving support to the principles of the party. Joseph Wright and his wife also held membership in the Methodist Episcopal church and were exemplary Christian people, widely known and honored for their many excellencies of character. The former died in July. 1896, at the age of seventy-eight years, and his wife passed away in February. 1884, at the age of sixty-five.

bury, Delaware county, Ohio, March 20, 1843, ^"d in 1846 was brought by his parents to Frankhn county where he pursued his education in the pubHc schools and assisted in the work of the home farm until the inauguration of the Civil war when his patriotic spirit was aroused by the attempt of the rebellious south to overthrow the Union. He enlis'ted in May, 1864, when twenty-one years of age, becoming a member of the boys in blue, of Company C, One Hundred and Thirty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, for one hundred -days' service. He was soon transferred to the seat of war, the command being first located at Parkersburg, West Virginia, and afterward attached .to General Butler's army. He saw active service during his entire term and- was honorably discharged at its close in August, 1864.

Samuel Wright was married on the 26th of February, 1868, to Miss Leora A. Mock, who was born in Franklin county in 1848, a daughter of Joseph and Minerva (Innis) Mock, early settlers of the county. Her father was; born in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, being a son of Michael Mock, a native of Pennsylvania, who at an early day came with his family to Franklin county, Ohio, locating in Clinton township, upon a farm. He was among the first settlers in this portion of the state and secured his land from the government. Not a furrow had been turned nor an improvement made thereon, but he cleared and improved the fields and in the course of time his labors' were rewarded by bounteous harvests. There he lived through the remainder of his days. In his family Avere the following children: Michael, Elizabeth, Catherine, Jacob, John, who remained in Pennsylvania, Samuel, Joseph and ]\Iary. Joseph Mock was a young lad when he came to Franklin county with his- parents. He married Miss Minerva Innis, a daughter of the Rev. Henry and Isabel (Pegg) Innis. The young couple began their domestic life upon a farm and spent their remaining days: in Franklin county. Mr. Mock served for three months in the Civil war as a member of Company A, of the One Hundred and Thirty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry and was then honorably discharged. In the family were six children, namely : Melissa L., the deceased wife of L. S. Wood;- Clifford, who died at the age of twelve months; Leora A., the wife of S. P. Wright; Henry A., who married Eliza Swartz and is now deceased ; Ida, the wife of J. V. Harrison ; and Charles E., who married Rebecca Martin. The father of this' family died on September 23, 1885, at the age of sixty-seven years, his birth having occurred in 1818. His wife was born in i8ig and died in 1879. Both were members of the Methodist Episcopal church, being long identified with that organization, and their lives were consistent with their profession. Mr. Mock was a stanch Republican and took an active interes't in political afi"airs, doing all in his power to advance the work of his party.

The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Wright lias been blessed with t'^n children, of whom eight are living, as follows: Minerva M.. the wife of E. G. Burwell; Alary A., the wife of Armie Burwell ; Emerett N.. the wife of L. E. Rhodes; Leora L., the wife of C. W. jNIiles; Carlisle and S. Lerov at home;

Earl C. and Williard F., at home; Ida R. died December 31, 1898, at the age of thirteen years; and Joseph M. died in 1869 two days after birth. Both Mr. and Mrs. Wright have membership connection with the Methodist Episcopal church, to which the latter has belonged since twelve years of age He is a member of Henry C. Burr Post, No. 711, G. A. R., of Worthington, Ohio. His farm comprises one hundred and thirty-six acres of land all of which is under a high state of cultivation and the many fine improvements thereon are in keeping with the progressive spirit of the age.

Alvin Lee Nichols

Prominent among the business men of Grove City is numbered A. L. Nichols, a general merchant of that place. No one is better known in this vicinity, for his entire life has been spent here, and all his interests from boyhood have been closely associated with this locality. In business affairs he has met with excellent success, and by the energy and zeal he has manifested he has won the confidence and esteem of the public.

A native of Franklin county, Mr. Nichols was born in Jackson township November 2, 1859, and is a son of William and Sarah (Alkire) Nichols, the former a native of Lewis county, West Virginia, the latter of Franklin county, Ohio. His paternal grandfather was Philip Nichols, a native of Virginia. The maternal grandfather, Jesse Alkire, came from West Virginia to Ohio at a very early day, and became one of the pioneers of Franklin county. He located in the forest of Franklin township, and there cleared and improved a farm. Wlien about sixteen years of age he took up his residence in this county, where he worked at his trade as a plasterer, and also owned and operated a mill at Grove City for a number of years. Politically he was a supporter of the Democratic party, and as one of the leading citizens of his community he was called upon to fill several local offices, serving as township trustee and a member of the school board for some time. He died July 19, 1900, honored and respected by all who knew him. His wife is still living and makes her home in Grove City. In their family were two children : Alvin Lee, our subject ; and Alice, at home with her mother.

Alvin L. Nichols was reared in his native township, and began his education in the public schools of Grove City. Later he attended business college for some time, and pursued a course at the normal school in Lebanon, where he was fitted for teaching. At the age of sixteen he turned his attention to that profession, his first school being in Jackson township, and for ten years he continued to engage in teaching in Truro, Franklin and Jackson townships, the last three years being employed in the Grove City school. Before laying aside that pursuit he embarked in merchandising at Grove City, and has conducted a general store at that place for sixteen years, his father being a partner in the business for a time. Mr. Nichols' has also been interested in the lumber business, at one time operating three sawmills, in which were sawed the lumber for the trestle on Big Run, about one-fourth of a mile long. He has owned an interest in other business enterprises, including the canning company of Grove City, which during the busy season furnishes employment to eighty hands. He is also a member of the Grove City Fair Association, of which he was president two years, and is one of the most prominent and influential business men of the place.

In June, 1890, Mr. Nichols married Miss Nora Cruces, and to them have been born four children, namely: Pearl, Lorene, Mabel and Beatrice. The parents are both members of the Presbyterian church and in the social circle of Grove City occupy an enviable position. I\Ir. Nichols' popularity hasi been shown by his election to important official position. He served as mayor of the city for two years and during his administration did more in the way of improvements than had been accomplished in the ten years previous. As a member of the city council he took an active part in advancing the interests of the place, and has always given a liberal support to any enterprise for the public benefit. He also served as clerk of Jackson township seven years, township treasurer two years, and is now a member of the school board of Grove City, and the Democratic candidate for county treasurer. Politically he has always been a stanch supporter of the Democracy, and for eight years he held .the office of postmaster of Grove City. Fraternally he is a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is the patentee of a tally sheet used in the election precincts throughout Ohio known as the Nichols talley sheet, and has also copyrighted a school register, with many new and interesting features. In all his undertakings he has prospered thus far, his excellent success being but the logical result of his careful and correct business methods', and he now occupies an enviable position in business, political and social circles.

Clark Worthington

Clark Worthington Avas born January 3, 1855, on the old family homestead in Pleasant township, which is still his place of abode. His father, Robert Worthington, an ov;n cousin of Governor Worthington, of Ohio, was born near Doylestown, Bucks county, Pennsylvania, November 9, 181 3, and there remained until he had attained his majority. His privileges and opportunities were few, for his father died when the son was but seventeen years of age, and Robert Worthington was then bound out to Thomas Kilbourne, of that county, remaining and working upon his farm until he was twentyone years, of age. He also studied surveying to some extent. On attaining his majority he started for Ohio, traveling part of the way by stage and cars and walked the remaining distance. He was accompanied by John Madlock, a youth of his own age. On reaching his destination Mr. Worthington secured employment on the farm of John Stump, of Pleasant township, where he remained for a vear, receiving eight dollars per month in compensation for his services: He then went to Clinton county and worked for four years, driving a team and there he received from thirteen to fifteen dollars per month. He afterward returned to the home of Mr. Stump and married his daughter Ann, the marriage being celebrated ]\Iarch 12, 1839. She was born in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, in 181 7, and there remained until thirteen years of age, when with her parents, John and Catherine (Walters) Stump, she came to Pleasant township, Franklin county, Ohio, where she grew to womanhood.

After his marriage Robert Worthington purchased one hundred and twenty-live acres' of wild land, now owned by Charles E. Worthington, and in the midst of the forest he erected a cabin home sixteen by eighteen feet. It was built of hewed logs and contained two rooms, the house being heated by a fireplace, over which the meals were also cooked. He cleared and developed his farm and was familiar with many of the struggles and hardships incident to pioneer life. The work of cutting away the forest trees and preparing the soil for cultivation, how^ever, he lived to see, the entire district in which he located being transformed into one of the best farming portions of Ohio. Quick to note and improve opportunities he made the mosl; of his advantages and became very successful. In 1857 he removed to his farm of one hundred and twelve and a half acres at Pleasant Corners, for which he paid six dollars and a quarter per acre. As the years passed, however, he added to his landed possessions until his accumulations comprised five hundred and twenty acres. His business and executive ability was superior and his enterprise and keen discrimination enabled him to advance steadily upon the path to prosperity. Upon the homestead at Pleasant Corners he remained until his death, October 24, 1888, and was actively associated w^ith the cultivation of his land until that time. He took an active interest in politics, being a stalwart Democrat, and for several years he served as trustee of his township, while through a long period he acted as school director, but would never consent to become a candidate for a county of^ce. He was reared in the faith of the Society of Friends, but was liberal to all churches, giving freely of his means in support of the various denominations and for charitable purposes. Plis wife held members'hip in the Methodist Episcopal church, and survived her husband about thirteen months. He w^as a useful citizen in his neighborhood, had the marked regard of many friends and the deep love of his family, for he was a tender and considerate husband and father. Mr. and Mrs. Worthington became the parents of six children : Jane, now the wife of Maurice Bradfield, who is living near West Jefiferson^ Ohio ; John W., who married Harriet England, and served as a soldier in the Civil war and died on the home farm; IMary C, who became the wife of Jacob White, and died at Pleasant Corners, in 1900; George W., who married Sarah Ann Smith and lives in Pleasant township; Sarah, who became the wife of William Rush, and died in Pickaway county, Ohio; and Clark, of this review.

When our subject was' in his third year his parents removed to Pleasant Corners, and when he had attained the usual age he entered school there, continuing his studies until twenty years of age. During the summer months he assisted in the work of the home farm. At Pleasant Corners, on the 21st of February, 1878, he married Miss Josephine Wade, of Pleasant township, a daughter of Abner and Annie (Gorrell) Wade. For eleven years after their marriage Mr. Worthington remained with his father and at the latter's death took possession of the farm, which was his share of the estate. He built his present home in 1892 and has a very fine homestead which stands in the midst of highly cultivated fields.

Unto Mr. and Mrs. Worthington have been born seven children, namely : Grace, now the wife of Harry E. Cardiff, of Ashville, North Carolina; Elmer C, who was killed by lightning at the age of fourteen years; Mary C. ; Hattie M.; Leona; Carmen McDowell; and Reva Nell. The parents hold membership in the United Brethren church, in which Mr. Worthington is serving as' trustee and treasurer. In politics he is a zealous advocate of the Democracy, and for six years has served as trustee of Pleasant township. He was re-elected in the spring of 1901, for another term of three years, and his public duties have ever been discharged in a manner highly satisfactory.

Emilius O. Randall

Emilius Oviatt Randall, a lawyer, professor and editor, was born ar Richfield, Ohio, October 28, 1850, the only son of David Austin and Harriet Newton (Oviatt) Randall. His mother was the daughter of Captain Heman Oviatt, who emigrated from Connecticut to Hudson, Ohio, in 1800. Her grandfather served in the continental troops, while on the paternal side, two great-grandfathers, John Randall and Patrick Pemberton, fought in the Revolutionary war.

Emilius Randall was brought to Columbus when but a few weeks old and it has been his home ever since. His education was begun in the public schools of Columbus, and he was prepared for college in Phillips Academy, Andover, Massachusetts, entered Cornell University in the fall of 1870, and graduated in the literary course of that university with a degree of Ph. B., and later pursuing a two-years course, post-graduate, there and also in Europe.

From 1878 to 1890 Mr. Randall gave his attention to merchandising and literary pursuits in Columbus, and in the intervals of business read law under the direction of Frank C. Hubbard, of the Columbus bar. He was admitted to practice by the supreme court of Ohio, June 5, 1890, and was graduated at the law school of the Ohio State University in 1892 with the degrees of LL. B. and LL. M. He is a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon and Phi Delta Phi college fraternities. In 1892 he was made instructor of commercial law in his legal alma mater and professor of commercial law in the same institution in 1895.

E. O. Randall

fellow citizens and legal associates that there is no doubt of the esteem i:i which he is held. On the 14th of May, 1895, he was appointed reporter of the supreme court of Ohio by the judges of that court, and he has edited and published twelve volumes of the decisions of the court. He was elected the president of the Columbus Board of Trade for the year 1887 and was a member of the board of education of Columbus from 1887 to 1889, declining a re-election. He is also a member of the board of trustees of the Columbus Library, having been first elected to that office in 1884 by the city council and re-elected every two years since that time, and is also a member of the American Bar Association, the American Library Association, American Historical Association, Society of the Sons of the American Revolution and the Ohio State Bar Association. In February, 1893, be was appointed by Governor McKinley a trustee of the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society, to which position he was reappointed by Governor Bushnell in February, 1896, and has acted as the secretary of that society since February, 1894,^ also editing six volumes of that society's publications. He is the author of several monographs on literary and historical subjects.

In politics Mr. Randall is a Republican. He was a member of the committee of seven chosen by the Columbus Constitutional Convention in January, 1891, to draft the charter of the present municipal government of the city.

Mr. Randall's preparation for practice at the bar was far superior to that of the average lawyer. His literary attainments were broad and high; his judgment was mature; his experience in affairs large and varied; he knew much of business and of men; he was familiar with the practical sideof life through the intercourse of business and trade. This accumulation of experience was invaluable and gave him at once a standing at the bar which young lawyers without such aids attain only after years of effort and struggle. He is patient and a thorough student of the problems of law, his mind being trained to study and investigate is satisfied with nothing less than a clear understanding of the principles and the philosophy of constitutional and statute law. He is widely known as a lecturer, is a ready and entertaining speaker and is especially successful as an after-dinner orator, and is as giftecl with his pen as with his tongue.

Mr. Randall was married, October 28, 1874. to Mary, a daughter of John H. and Catherine A. (Granger) Coy, of Ithaca, New York, and they have three children. Rita, a daughter, and two sons, - David Austin and Sherman Bronson Randall.

Dexnis J. Clahaxe

The subject of the present sketch, Dennis J. Clahane. is a prominent business man and public official of the city of Columbus. Ohio. He was born in this city in 185 1. a son of James and Mary (Hanlon) Clahane, both of whom were born in Ireland, having emigrated from that country to America when young. They married in Boston, Massachusetts, where they resided until 1846, when they came to Columbus, Ohio. Here Mr. Clahane pur- chased a small tract of vacant property on what is now West Broad street, which later became very valuable, and upon this he located and here reared his family. His death occurred in 1893, his wife surviving him until 1898. Both of them had been devout and consistent members of the Holy Family Catholic church and they left a large circle of mourning friends, who had respected them during life and will long cherish their memory.

Our subject, Dennis J. Clahane, received his education in the excellent public schools of his native city, graduating at the high school with credit. He then entered the store of his father, who was engaged in the grocery business, and remained in his employ until 1892, at which time he formed a partnership with his brother, John E., under the firm name of D. & J. Clahane, retail and wholesale grocers, at 295-7 West Broad street, Columbus, Ohio, which continues at the present time. The firm has built up a fine business and have an extensive patronage.

Mr. Clahane is a progressive and enterprising man and works faithfully for the best interests of the city, of which he is pardonably proud. He was instrumental in the organization of the Hanover Pressed Brick Company in 1892, and upon the organization of the same he was made its president, which responsible position he holds at the present time. The business has grown to vast proportions and is now reckoned among the important industries of the city.

One of the finest flat buildings of the city, on \\'est Broad street, was erected by Mr. Clahane, in 1898. It is modern in every way, an ornament to the locality. In conjunction with this most valuable piece of real estate INIr. Clahane is the owner of other property and deals in holdings for others. In 1898 he erected his beautiful residence, which is both convenient, with all the improvements of the latest utility, and attractive both outside and within. The marriage of Mr. Clahane took place in 1896, Miss Ethel Dennis, a daughter of Hugh Dennis, an old and prominent citizen, becoming his wife. Mr. Clahane has always taken a very active part in all political matters, is a strong Republican, and in 1897 was made chairman of the Republican executive committee. From 1888 to 1892 he served as a member of the city council, of which he was president one year. In May, 1900, Mayor Samuel J. Schwartz appointed him to the position of sewer commissioner, which position he has filled acceptably ever since. He is a genial, whole-souled gentleman, a progTcssive citizen and an honest and efficient official.

Lorenzo Taylor

Lorenzo Taylor is numbered among the native sons of Franklin county, his birth having occurred July 28. 1828, upon the farm where J. Buren Taylor now resides. He is one of eight children whose parents were Anthony W. and Melinda (Trumbo) Taylor, but onlv three of the number are yet living, namely: Lorenzo, J. Buren and Rose F., the last named being the wife of

Robert Wille, a retired business man of W'orthington, Franklin county. The father was born in Hardy county, \'irginia. July i6. 1/9/, and was a son of Caleb C. Taylor, a well known teacher of the Old Dominion who spent his last days in Missouri. Anthony \\'. Taylor was reared under the parental roof and in early life learned the tanner's trade. About 1818 he came to Ohio, locating- in Cincinnati, where he followed his trade for a year, after which he returned to Virginia, and in 1820 he was united in marriage to Miss Melinda Trumbo.