Columbus City (part 48 of 57)

Judge Rathmell, who lias proved himself to be worthy of the people's trust in high positions, lias conic up from the soil, battling his way .alone and unaided up the ladder of professional success. He is a native of Franklin county, Ohio, and is of tile third generation of his family in the Buckeye State, his progenitors having cast their lot in this country in early pioneer days and from that time to the present members of this family have been important t actors in the development of Franklin county and the city of Columbus.

The Rathmells are of Yorkshire, England, stock. The first member of the family to emigrate to America was Jonas Rathmell, the great-grandfather of the subject of this sketch, who came oxer at about the close of the eighteenth century or the beginning of the nineteenth an:] settled in Bucks county, Pennsylvania. His sou, Thomas Rathmell, grandfather ill the Judge, was born in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, and became the pioneer of the family in Ohio. He learned the blacksmith's trade in Pennsylvania and prior to 1820 he came to Ohio and established a shop on the Big Walnut, between Columbus and Groveport. hater he turned his attention to farming, buying a farm in the neighborhood of his shop, and there he eomtinued to reside until his death in 1855.

Biographical Section 301

homestead in Franklin county in 1820, and he grew to manhood amid pioneer conditions. He devoted his entire life to farming. He took an active interest in the public schools of his locality and for many years served as school director in his township. On January 16, 1845, he was united in marriage with Susan Frank, a native of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. Her father Jacob Frank was a miller by trade, who dying at an early age, left his widow Julia Ann Frank with a family of small children of which Susan was the youngest. Her mother Julia was later married to Amor Rees who removed his family, in 1831, to Fairfield county, Ohio, and nine years later to Franklin county. The trip from Lancaster county to the west was made in a covered wagon of the prairie schooner type.

The death of John Rathmell occurred on October 2-1, 1885, his widow surviving until July 26, 1906. They were honest, industrious and hospitable people, devout members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Frank Rathmell was born on the home farm on October 15, 1855, and there he grew to manhood, assisting his father with the general work about the place during the summer months, and in the winter time he attended the rural schools in his district. He was graduated from Ohio Wesleyan University in 1882, with the degree of Bachelor of Science, then entered Cincinnati Law School, from which he was graduated with the class of 1885, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Laws. Soon thereafter he was admitted to the Ohio bar and began the practice of his profession in Columbus in 1886, as a member of the firm of Rankin & Rathmell. In 1887 he became senior member of the firm of Rathmell, Dyer & Webb, which partnership was terminated by the elevation of Mr. Dyer to the office of prosecuting attorney, and from that time on Mr. Rathmell practiced alone until he went on the bench. He built up a large and important clientele and took a position in the front ranks of the local bar.

Judge Rathmell served on the board of education of the City of Columbus for three years, one year as president of the board. He served as a member of the City Council one full term of two years and was re-elected but resigned after serving one year of his second term to go upon the bench. During this period he did much to give Columbus a better school system and in many ways helped the city along material and civic lines.

In 1902 he was elected judge of the Common Pleas Court and took his seat on the bench in 1903, and by successive re-elections he has continued on the bench to the present time, his long retention in office being sufficient evidence of his popularity and ability. He has ever displayed a proper sense of dignity while on the bench and that research which is due to his court. His decisions are marked by a profound knowledge of the law and a sense of fairness to all concerned.

Judge Rathmell is a member of the Franklin County Bar Association and the Ohio State Bar Association, also the Phi Beta Kappa He is a thirty-second degree Mason, belonging to the Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He is a member of the Scioto Country Club.

On December 27, 1893, Judge Rathmell was united in marriage with Emily P. Felch of Columbus. She was born at Salem, Ohio, and is a daughter of Allen S. and Phoebe B. (Ward) Felch, natives of Connecticut and New Jersey respectively. From Salem the family removed to Reynoldsburg, thence to Columbus.

To the Judge and wife a daughter has been born, Margaret H. Rathmell, who was graduated from Ohio State University with honors in 1918, and in the same year was married to Edward Spencer Myers.

The record of Judge Rathmell in all relations of life has been most exemplary and he is in every way deserving of the high public esteem in which lie is held.

JUDGE SAMUEL L. BLACK. Judgee Samuel I.. Black, during his residence in Columbus, has served the public as Attorney, Mayor, Probate Judge and Judge of the Juvenile Court, the latter two offices being held for several terms concurrently. In each capacity he has well acquitted himself, but it is as Judge of Juvenile Court that lie is best and will alwavs be most favorablv known. The iniquity of dealing with juvenile offenders in the regular court room and of imprisoning them with hardened criminals early claimed his attention. While lie was sitting on the Probate Court bench lie inveighed against this social injustice, assisted materially in the framing of the present juvenile court law of Ohio and, by the natural selection of his associates on the bench of Franklin county, became the first juvenile court judge of Franklin county. He entered zealously into this work of savins; dependent children, homeless children and children who were being abused by adults, from degradation and crime. As far as it was possible, he fearlessly administered the discipline of the law to negligent parents, runaway fathers and dissolute adults who were leading boys and girls astray, and in every way set new and high standards of protecting child life. It was a difficult and trying service in which any man of the sympathies of Judge Black was hound to suffer. But, with the exception of a few weeks when the work was temporarily transferred to another, Judge Black maintained the service until the end of his fourth term as Probate Judge.

Judge Black is a native of Ohio and is descended in the third generation of two of the pioneer families of the state. His grandfather, Samuel Black, was a native of Ireland, from which country he brought his family to America by steerage passage in the year 1826. He ultimately took up eighty acres of government land in Guernsey county, Ohio, and when he went to take possession of his land he walked from Wheeling, West Virginia, then a part of the Old Dominion, to Zanesville in Muskingum county, Ohio, for his patent from the Government for eighty acres of land in eastern Guernsey county, Ohio, where he began carving out a home from the primeval forest, and by perseverance and close application, he succeeded, himself and family undergoing the usual hardships to life on the frontier.

The Judge's maternal grandfather, Naphtali Luccock, was a native of Kimbolton, England, and spent his early life in his native land. He finally emigrated to America and was a pioneer in Guernsey county, Ohio. The village of Kimbolton in that county was named in honor of his birthplace in England.

Judge Black's father, the late Dr. William Black, came over from Ireland with his parents, and with them went to Guernsey county, where he was reared and educated. He studied medicine and was graduated from a medical college in Cincinnati and for many years followed his profession at Kimbolton and later at Cambridge, Ohio, becoming one of the successful and popular early physicians of that section of the state. After retiring from active practice he located in Columbus, in 1890, and here his death occurred in 1891, at the age of seventy-six years, after a life of honor and usefulness. His wife, Maria Lueeock, was born in Guernsey county, this State, and there grew to womanhood and attended school. Her death occurred in Columbus in 1903 at the age of seventy years.

Judge Black was born at Kimbolton, Ohio, December 22, 1859, and he spent his boyhood in Guernsey county and received his early education in the public schools. He was graduated from Cambridge high school in 1878, and from Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, this State, in 1883, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Science.

Coming to Columbus, January 14th, 1884, he became a law student in the offices of Powell & Ricketts, and, making rapid progress, he was admitted to the bar in 1887, and soon thereafter entered practice in this city as junior partner in the firm of Powell, Ricketts & Black, the senior members of the firm having been his preceptors. He rose to a prominent position at the local bar and lie has maintained this position for more than three decides.

Taking an active interest in civic affairs from the first. Judge Black lias continued to be a potent factor in the city's affairs to the present time. He served one term as Mayor, and during those two years did much for the permanent welfare of the city, making a record highly pleasing to his constituents and all concerned. In 1902 he was elected judge of the Probate Court of Franklin county, which office he held by successive re-election until 1917, his long retention in the same being sufficient evidence that he discharged his duties in an able, faithful and eminently satisfactory manner.

Upon retiring from the bench he returned to private practice of the law in which he is still successfully engaged. He is a member of the Franklin County Bar Association, the Columbus Country Club and the Columbus Athletic Chit).

Judge Black married Carrie Nelson, daughter of the late James Nelson, of Columbus. Mrs. Black's service in the cause of the unfortunate, has paralleled that of her husband. She was a prime mover in the organization of the District Nursing Association and later of the Society for the Prevention and cure of Tuberculosis. Of this latter organization she has been the enthusiastic president from the first. During the war with Germany, Mrs. Black was I In head of the Junior Red Cross and successfully directed its large and useful activities. Thus Judge anil Mrs. Black have been an unusual power for the making of better citizenship and the amelioration of social conditions.

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JUDGE D. C. BADGER. D. C. Badger, lawyer, was born in Madison county, Ohio, in 1858. Taught school when 17 years of age; attended Mt. Union college and was admitted to practice law by the Supreme Court in 1881 and in 1882 was elected Prosecuting Attorney of Madison county, Ohio, and served three years, and continued in practice of law at London, Ohio, until elected Judge of Common Please Court in 1893 for the counties of Madison, Franklin and Pickaway ; in the same year he removed to Columbus, Ohio, where he has since resided continuously; in 1897 he was re-elected Judge of Common Pleas Court and served until 1903, when he resigned to serve the Twelfth Ohio District in Congress, where he served from 1903 to 1905, and in 1905 was elected Mayor of Columbus and refused the nomination for another term, and since the expiration of his term has engaged in the practice of law at No. 8 East Broad street, Columbus, Ohio, where his office has been located since 1907.

In 1899 he was the candidate of his party for Supreme Judge of Ohio and led the Democratic ticket by nearly 50,000 votes. In the last several years Judge Badger has devoted his time exclusively to the practice of law. He is the owner of some fine farm lands, and is also an authority on farming as well as law.

Judge Badger is a positive character, a fast friend and a good fighter, and has the reputation of always doing his duty, either in office or in law.

GEORGE BEECHER KAUFFMAN. Strongly in contrast with the humble surroundings of his youth is the brilliant position which George Beecher Kauffman now fills in the business circles of Columbus, principally as president of the Kauffman-Lattimer Company. He has won for himself a place of prominence and honor as one of the world's army of strenuous and efficient workers and in his earlier years made his way over obstacles seemingly insuperable and which would have, no doubt, thwarted the man of less courageous spirit meeting to the full the test of fire to which a far-seeing Providence subjects those who are destined to succeed.

Mr. Kauffman is a native of Ohio and is descended from early pioneers of this State. His father, George Kauffman, was one of the first druggists of Lancaster, establishing the second drug store ever opened in that town. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland, May 11, 1797. and his death occurred at Lancaster, Ohio, November 6, 1866. He was in his twenty-first year when, in 1818, he migrated to this State and entered the retail drug business at Lancaster. There, on December 3, 1833, he married Henrietta Parnell Beecher, who was born in Connecticut, June 30, 1817. She was a cousin of Henry Ward Beecher, the eminent divine. She died in Columbus, March 27, 1909.

George B. Kauffman was born in Lancaster, Ohio, September 19, 1855. He attended the public schools and began his business career as clerk in his father's drug store. He later clerked in a drug store in Zanesville, but thirsting for more education he finally entered the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, from which institution he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Science in 1875. The following year he came to Columbus and purchased what was then known as the "City Hall Drug Store," on State street, across the a'ley from the present City Hall. In 1882 he and his brother, Linus B. Kauffman and George W. Lattimer organized the Kauffman & Lattimer Company and engaged in the wholesale drug business. Both Linus B. Kauffman and Mr. Lattimer had graduated from Amherst College only a few years previous to that time and had continued fast friends, and the business association of the three men formed at that time continued uninterruptedly and most satisfactorily during a period of over thirty-five years. The business was incorporated in 1888 as The Kauffman-Lattimer Company, with George B. Kauffman as president, which position he lias filled ever since, and the continued and pronounced success of this well known and important company has been due for the most part to his able and judicious management, liis close application and perseverance. He has built up a vast annual business, the trade of the companv extending over a wide territory.

Mr. Kauffman has been interested at different times in other Columbus enterprises, was one of the main incorporators of The American Druggists' Fire Insurance Company, of which he is treasurer; was for manv years a member of the board of directors of the Capital City Bank; has successfullv filled th" chair of professor of pharmacv at Ohio State Universitv since the organization of the Coll 'ge of Pharmacy at that institution. For many years he has been a member of the Broad Street Methodist Episcopal Church and a liberal

.Mr. Kauffman was married at D.elaware, Ohio, September 5, 1877, to Eunice Hughes, who was a school teacher prior to her marriage, and she has continued to be interested in educational affairs. She was the promoter of the first open air schools of Columbus and an instructor in them for some time. She is a lady of culture and high mental attainments.

To Mr. and Mrs. Kauffman two daughters and three sons have been born, namely: Margaret, who married John M. Barringer, who is now general manager of the Franklin Axle Works of Canton, Ohio, and Detroit, Michigan ; Henrietta married Charles Cunningham, who was an attorney in Toledo, Ohio, until his death some time ago; Myron Beecher is connected with the Kautfman-I.attimer Company; George Hughes is also with the Kauffman-Lattimer Company; Lineus is engaged extensively in farming at Chester, not far from Richmond, Virginia.

During his long residence in Columbus, Mr. Kauffman has proven to be a publicspirited and useful citizen, always ready to assist in all laudable movements for the welfare of his fellow men, by whom he is held in the highest esteem.

JUDGE DAVID F. PUGH. One of the prominent members of the Franklin county bar and a leading citizen of Columbus is Judge David F. Pugh, who knows enough to know, and he knows it by both intuition and experience, that to be a good lawyer, a successful one, means hard study and devotion to the profession. Hence we refer to him as a student, or a student lawyer, as a man among his books, not as a recluse, or a book-worm, but as a lawyer who busies himself with those things in which success depends upon the symmetrical judgment and practical grasp that come from reading and reflection.

Judge Pugh is a descendant from one of the oldest families of central Ohio his paternal grandfather, David Pugh, having settled in Truro township, Franklin county, in the year 1814, while this section was still in the domain of the red men, and white settlers were few and far between.

David Pugh, sr., was a native of Radnorshire, Wales, from which country he emigrated to America in 1803, coming on to Ohio a short time thereafter, settling first in Delaware county, where he formed the Welsh settlement of Radnor, which he named in honor of his native shire in Wales. In 1811 he removed to Franklin county and settled in Truro township, where he cleared and developed a farm, literally carving a home from the wilderness. There he engaged in farming and kept a country tavern, about eight miles east of the present city of Columbus, on what is now Broad street. He married Jane Murphy, who was born in Franklin county, Pennsylvania. David Pugh, jr., son of David and Jane (Murphy) Pugh, was born on the old Pugh homestead east of Columbus in 1811, the year his family settled in Truro township. There he grew to manhood amid primitive conditions and worked hard when a boy. He married Elizabeth Witsell, who was also born in that township, the daughter of Daniel Witsell, a native of Pennsylvania, who settled in Truro township in 1820.

Judge David I'. Pugh, of this sketch, is the son of David and Elizabeth Pugh, and was born in a one-room log house on his father's farm in Truro township, Franklin county, Ohio, August 24, 1845. There he grew to manhood and worked on the home farm during the summer months, attending the district schools of that community in the winter time. He also spent two terms at a select school at Reynoldsburg. In October. 1861, at the age of sixteen years, he ran away from school, and at Worthington. Franklin county, enlisted in Company- C, Forty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Despite his vouth he proved to be a faithful and efficient soldier for the Union and was promoted to orderlv sergeant. He took part in a number of important campaigns and battles and was wounded at Shiloh and in front of Atlanta during Sherman's siege of that southern stronghold. He was mustered out and ten years at Middleburn. During that period he served as Prosecuting Attorney for Tyler county and while I here was also honored by his constituents sending him to the Legislature of West Virginia for one term. He discharged his duties in both these offices to the satisfaction of all concerned. He was also during that period a delegate from Tyler county to the West Virginia constitutional convention.

Judge Pugh removed to Columbus in 1880 and here he has been engaged in the general practice of law. During this protracted period of forty years he has become widely known as one of the able members of the local bar and has figured prominently in many important cases in the Columbus courts. He has met with a fair measure of success all along the line and has kept steady in the practice with the exception of the time he spent on the bench of the Common Pleas Court.

Ever a staunch Republican, Judge Pugh has long been regarded as one of the leaders of his party in Franklin county and he has done much for the success of his party in this section of the State. In 1883 he was the choice of the Republicans for the State Legislature from this county and in 1886 he was nominated by his party for the office of Mayor of Columbus, his opponent being General Walcutt, of the Forty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Judge Pugh having served under him during the Civil War. In April, 1887, Governor Joseph B. Foraker appointed Mr. Pugh judge of the Common Pleas Court and in 1888 he was elected for the full term of five years, and so ably and faithfully did he discharge his duties that he was re-elected for another term of five years. As a .judge he more than met the expectations of his constituents and friends, for he came to the bench well fortified in every respect for the discharge of his duties. He was profoundly versed in all phases of jurisprudence and his decisions were ever marked with sound judgment, a sense of fairness to all concerned, and a rare knowledge of the law. He presided over the trials of three very important cases - the case of Ohio vs. Robert Montgomery, called the "Tally Sheet" case, in which several prominent lawyers were engaged. Judge Thurman. Colonel Holmes, Luther L. Mills of Chicago, George L. Converse, E. L. Taylor, Cyrus Huling, and Governor Nash; Church vs. Church, a celebrated divorce cas?; and the State of Ohio vs. William J. Elliott, a sensational murder case.

Upon leaving the bench Judge Pugh, in June, 1898, resumed private practice, which he has since continued with his usual success. For a period of nine vears he was professor in the law department of Ohio State University, teaching the branches of equity, municipal corporation and real estate law.

He is a member of the Franklin County Bar Association, the Ohio State Bar Association, the Grand Army of the Republic, the Masonic fraternity, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Judge Pugh married Ida Swan, who was born in Tyler county. West Virginia, the daughter of Randolph Swan, a merchant of that county. To the Judge and wife two children have been born, namely: Lawrence R., who was graduated from the law department of Ohio State University, is engaged in practice with his father; and Belle, who is at home.

HENRY CLAY TAYLOR. It is seldom given to any man to attain the heights of true citizenship as was given the late Henry Clay Taylor who, as lawyer, public man and philanthropist, left a record which easily distinguished him and won for him the title of "foremost citizen." He was born in Franklin county, and was the son of pioneers of tincounty, his paternal grandfather having, in 1801, made the first settlement along Big Walnut creek in Truro township, which township he named in honor of his birthplace, Truro. Nova Scotia. His father, the late David Taylor, was born in Truro, Nova Scotia, July 24, 1801, and was but a child when the family came to Franklin county. He married Margaret Livingston, who was born in this county November 2, 1809, and both lived all their lives in this community, the father dying July 29, 1889, the mother February 12, 1895.

Henry C. Taylor was born May 1.5, 1841, in the house built by his father and known as "West Crest," which stood just east of the city in Truro township, and he spent all of his long, useful life here. He was graduated from Miami University with the class of '65, A. B. degree and that University gave him the Hon. A. M. degree in 1867. Leaving Miami he read law in the office of Henry C. Noble, then entered Harvard Law School where he was graduated with the class of '67, B. L. degree, and was admitted to the bar and began practice in Columbus in 1867. H' succ°ss and progress soon placed him in the front ranks of the local bar and for the next half century he held recognition as one of the leading attorneys practicing in the State and Federal courts in central Ohio.

In 1862 Mr. Taylor volunteered for service as a soldier in the Civil War and as a member of Company A, Eighty-sixth Regiment, Ohio Volunteers Infantry, rendered faithful support to his country in the time of peril.

In 1890 he was made president of the Franklin County Bar Association, was a member of the City Council in 1887 and 1888, was elected to the Ohio General Assembly in 1886-'88, and was Judge Advocate General of Ohio on the staff of Governor Nash in 1900-1901. He was a candidate for Mayor of the city on the Republican ticket. Mr. Taylor was for mamyears actively identified with a number of public organizations, charitable and philanthropic, and gave generously of his time, advice and means to all worthy movements. He served as vice president of the Humane Society for about 11 years and as its president for two years, he was vice president of the Society for the Prevention of Tuberculosis in 1907, president of Green Lawn Cemetery Association, trustee of the Columbus Gallery of Fine Arts, was one of the founders and for many years a trustee of the Broad Street Presbyterian Church, was a member of McCoy Post, G. A. R., president of The Harvard Club of Central Ohio in 1908, was a charter member of the Columbus Club and was vice president of the Columbus Country Club Company from 1901 until his death.

On June 9, 1S97, Mr. Taylor was united in marriage with Miss Rebecca W. McKee, daughter of James M. and Indiana (Lodge) McKee, the father a native of Ireland and the mother of Indiana. Both were early residents of Columbus.

To this marriage one son was born, Livingston Lodge Taylor, born May 10, 1898, in the old family home at No. 1100 East Broad street. He attended the Columbus public schools, Columbus Academy, St. George's Preparatory School of Rhode Island and is now (1918) a Sophomore at Princeton University.

The death of Mr. Taylor, March 27, 1917, was universally mourned by all who knew him and was the occasion of many tributes to his worth as a citizen and man.

"Columbus had no better citizen than the late Henry C. Taylor. The son of one of the sturdy pioneers of this county, he was himself a man of heroic mold, a soldier in the Civil War, a lawyer of high ideals and a representative of the philanthropic spirit of the city. After an active and useful service of country, State and county he has gone, leaving a record of fine achievement and the memory of a gracious, sympathetic and helpful personality."

"Another noble citizen gone. . . . Death has removed from our midst another of our noble citizens, Henry C. Taylor, a gentleman of clean and tranquil life and one who was closely identified with the traditions of Columbus. His ancestry was of pioneer days, which came here when the Indians left and founded a home that has continued ever since. Henry C. Taylor was a fine personality, a man of the truest ideals and of high companionable qualities."

The Franklin County Bar Association, The Columbus Humane Society, and other organizations of which Mr. Taylor was a member passed resolutions on his death,

WILLIAM OXLEY THOMPSON. It lias been given to Dr. William Oxley Thompson, president of the Ohio State University, to serve with distinction in many different, but allied, fields of human endeavor. A minister of the gospel, liis eloquence is still often heard in the pulpit and he ranks among the leaders of religious thought and action in the State and nation. An educator and University executive, lie lias given and is still giving to a large faculty and to thousands of students every year the inspiration of a close fellowship and an optimistic personality. In the great war just ended, he gave, as related elsewhere in this volume, notable service to the State and nation, both as counselor and speaker in the cause of democracy. First on the campus, not only because of his position, but also because of tin- esteem in which lie is universally held, he is also among the first citizens of Columbus in influence for good. Called in emergencies to lead in movements lor a bitter Columbus, he has never shirked, nor has he by his service lessened the regard of his fellow-citizens. On tlie contrary, strong in his convictions, through his mental alertness and resourcefulness, bis broad sympathy, his ready utterance and his sense of humor, he has won the respect even of those who oppose him. It was in the spirit of tin's truthful characterization that the eon- elusion of Dr. Thompson's twentieth year as president of the Ohio State University was celebrated, under the auspices of the Alumni Association, in June, 1919.

David Thompson, paternal grandfather of the subject of this sketch and a weaver by trade, came from the north of Ireland in 181-4, and settled on 160 acres of land in Guernsey county, three and a half miles northeast of New Concord, Ohio, where he lived as a farmer till his death. Joel Murray Oxley, his maternal grandfather, was a wool carder of Irish-English stock who, after losing most of his property in a flood of Wheeling creek in eastern Ohio, moved to Cambridge. It was at that place that David Glenn Thompson, youngest son of David, then and during his working years a shoemaker, met Agnes Miranda Oxley, daughter of Joel Murray, then a school teacher in the village. They were married in Cambridge, June 8, 1854, and became the parents of ten children. The first of them was William Oxley Thompson, born at Cambridge, November 5, 1855. Three brothers and three sisters are still living. In 1858, the little family removed to New Concord, where in 1864 the husband and father enlisted in Company D, 160th Regiment, O. N. G., serving as a substitute for one James Hogseed. On his return in the autumn of 1861, the family moved to Zanesville, where William Oxley s school education, begun at New Concord when he was five, was continued. "It is said," Dr. Thompson reports, "that I began my education in the village school at New Concord, in the fall of 1860, just before I was five years old, with the second reader in hand, able to read rapidly and easily. My mother had taught me to read, and so far as I know, reading and spelling came as a matter of absorption. I have no recollection of the pains of a modern boy in learning either to read or to spell. After this village school experience I attended school one winter in Zanesville. My teacher was Miss Rose Kerner, to whom I am greatly indebted for the accuracy of her instruction. After that I had one spring term in the Ream school house near Sego, and the following year at a school known as Ireland, some distance north of Mt. Perry. I attended the public school in Brownsville while we resided there, and went to Muskingum College first in 1870, when I was fifteen years of age, and continued with some irregularity until I graduated in 1878."

The beginnings and progress of education are in this case most interesting. It should, therefore, be stated that when he was thirteen, the subject of this sketch attended school for a few weeks where the teacher gave a daily drill in mental arithmetic. "It was the custom," says Dr. Thompson, "to chase an imaginary squirrel up and down a tree by leaps and bounds, so that we learned to add and subtract with great rapidity and accuracy. Later, processes of multiplication with all sorts of combinations were developed until we could multiply and divide all ordinarv numbers as fast as anybody could name the processes. To these were added squaring, extracting the square root and even more difficult mental problems. I regard these exercises as having given me the foundation in quick and accurate computation, self-reliance in my own processes and a facility in numbers that abides with me to this day."

In the spring of 1869, the boy worked as a hired hand on a farm for Joseph Bogle, some distance south of Brownsville, and at the close of the harvest entered the summer school taught by Rev. H. A. McDonald at Brownsville, being the youngest and smallest pupil in the school. Here he learned his first Latin and continued his study of advanced arithmetic and algebra. In the summer of 1870 he worked on the farm of D. G. Hamilton for $8 a month and board. It was then that he went first to Muskingum College, working at intervals for Mr. Hamilton and his brother-in-law, J. Morton Black. At the close of one eight-month period of farm labor under a contract at $10 a month and board, his employer gave him an extra $1 a month. That $8, he says, seemed the largest sum he had ever known and was quickly added to his other accumulations to meet his expenses at Muskingum College. When necessity again drove him back to farm work, he was able to command a wa<>e of $16 a month and board.

In 1S72 he was examined at Zanesville and granted a certificate to teach and, when repeated applications for a school in the vicinity met witli no success, he secured, through the influence of his uncle, William T. Brown, a school near Lawn Ridge, Marshall county, Illinois. Thither he went in November, secured a certificate at Wenona and, until the date set for the opening of the school, husked corn for Joseph Smith, agreeing to take his pay in board while serving; as teacher. His salarv as teacher during the four-months winter term was $45 a month. At the close of school he returned to farm work and labored as opportunity ottered in various places until December, 1873, when he taught again, this time at the Kellogg school house, four miles north of Lawn Ridge, at $50 a month. Farm work in the summer of 1871 brought him $23 a month and board, and after another winter term of school, he returned to Muskingum College, continuing straight through two years. During the first winter, he acted as janitor, tending the fires in the one building then standin«- for Muskingum College, and taking complete charge of the building. Later when a professor of mathematics disappeared, he became a tutor in that study, earning a little more for his college expenses. In the winter of 1877 he taught a district school in Oxford township, about a mile west of Fairfield, Guernsey county, but, despite his best endeavor, the last year in college found him $100 short of the amount necessary to graduate.

When Joseph Smith, his Illinois farmer friend, learned of this predicament, he drove one evening to the home of another farmer, Jacob Clemmer, witli the news. "Gosh all Harry !" he exclaimed. "Will is out of money and needs $100 in order to graduate." Neither of the men had any money, but they knew a neighbor who did have it. So on their joint note, they borrowed the $100 and sent it to the impoverished student, asking no security. It was a test of friendship and loyalty that any young man might well prize.

Dr. Thompson's years at Muskingum lay in that period when college boys were not aided, as now, in the discovery of outlets for their surplus vitality. They had to invent much of their amusement, and the inventions did not always meet with the approval of the faculty. It is not recorded that Will Thompson had anything to do with the pranks that then took the place of athletics. Perhaps, being janitor of the building and later a tutor at twenty cents a lesson, he was considered in the pale of those who had authority. But he was good-humored and alert, and there was one occasion when he fell under suspicion. A group of students one night pastured some sheep in the college building. In the morning when the new-comers were discovered there was a great sensation. Many saw them leave college, but there was no one who would admit having seen them enter. Suddenly from the throng that was discussing the incident, there arose the cry, "See the sheep in Thompson's eyes !" There was great laughter and the charge, while never proved, was accepted as true and was generally believed until the conspirators years after themselves revealed the truth.

If the presidency of the class of '78 had gone, as was customary, to the student of the best scholarship rank. Will Thompson would have got it. But by a vote which became a majority by the other candidate voting for himself, the office went to another. The Thompson adherents rebelled and, finding that they could not reverse the action, induced the president of the college to put on the commencement program the statement that the class presidency carried with it no significance of superior scholarship. This was supplemented, durina; the commencement exercises by an interruption of the program, the Thompson adherents brineing to the stage a great floral harp, between the arms of which was suspended a gold watch. The band was directed to play to cover up the interruption, but the members of the band were sympathizers and conveniently failed to hear the order. The harp and wateli were then presented to Will Thompson and by him accepted, much to the discomfiture, no doubt, of him who had obtained the class presidency in an irregular way.

Muskingum College traditions concern, of course, the entire alumni body, but there are three men who are more often involved than any others. They are Dr. Thompson, Dr. Wil'iam Gallogly Moorehead and Dr. William Rainey Harper. The latter two are both dead. Dr. Harper, after graduating at Muskingum, became a great Hebrew scholar and educator and was the organizer of the University of Chicago, and until his death the president. Dr. Moorehead became a United Presbyterian minister and missionary and was for manv years professor of theology and president of the Xenia Theological Seminary. All the friends of Muskingum talk of these distinguished men, and by the older generation their footprints arc still pointed out on the campus. And in Oxford township, Guernsey county, there is the Thompson school, so called in honor of the teacher who served there for a short time in 1877-78.

returned to Illinois, where the two schools ill which he had previously taught were offered to him without solicitation. He chose the one at I. awn Ridge. There he taught and again worked in the harvest field and, having paid w'th interest the note for $100, left for the Western Theological Seminary at Allegheny, Pa., to prepare himself for the ministry. There his small savings were soon spent, hut he was rescued from his financial plight by the offer, through a member of the faculty, Rev. Samuel J. Wilson, of an opportunity to operate a 20- weeks summer school on a subscription basis, at Plumville, Indiana county, Pa. He seized the opportunity and, with his earnings at Plumville, managed to get through another year of his theological course. At the meeting of the Zanesville Presbytery at Dresden, Ohio, he was licensed to preach, and during the following summer, he taught in Glade Run Academy, conducted by Rev. George Mechlin, D. D., and on Sunday preached for two country churches. Returning to the seminary for his senior work, with a little money ahead, he was pleasantly surprised by the award of a scholarship of $200 from an unknown source. This enabled him to complete his course without further financial anxiety.

He offered himself as a missionary to Siam, but instead found himself in May, 1882, a few weeks after his graduation, located as a home missionary at Odebolt, Sac county, Iowa, with no assurance as to salary or other conditions. There had been a church quarrel, and only twenty members were left, and of these only three were men. The outlook was rather dark when on the Fourth of July, Mr. Thompson was unexpectedly called upon to till the place of a missing orator. He accepted and acquitted himself so well that two school house preaching appointments were given to him, and within a month $550 had been pledged toward his salary; so he preached three times on Sunday, once at Odebolt, once ten miles north and once seven miles south of the village. He was ordained by the Presbytery of Ft. Dodge in the Presbyterian church there, July 13, 1882, and installed as pastor of the church at Odebolt at a salary of $900, and remained in that charge till March, 1885.

A call from the Presbyterian church at Longmont, Colorado, took him thither in the spring of 1885, and he served there from April of that year till July, 1891, preaching not only at Longmont, but in school houses in various directions, churches being organized and developed at two of these places. A project for the creation of a Synodical College of the Synod of Colorado was under way when Dr. Thompson went to Longmont. He helped to raise the last $50,000 of the money needed and became the first president of the institution. He continued in this service for three years and was succeeded by Rev. George Crissman, D. D.

In 1891 Dr. Thompson was elected a commissioner to the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church at Detroit. Before leaving for that service, lie received notice from the late Bishop David H. Moore, then editor of the Western Christian Advocate, that he had been recommended for the presidency of Miami University at Oxford, Ohio. At Detroit a committee of the Miami University trustees interviewed him, and a short time later while in Columbus attending the Republican State convention as a spectator, he was notified of his election to the presidency of Miami. Returning to Longmont, he resigned his pastorate, accepted the presidency and began his service at Oxford, August 1, 1891. He filled that office for eight years and while there was elected president of the Ohio State Sunday School Association, serving in that capacity for six years. During the observance of the seventyfifth anniversary of Miami University, in June, 1899, Dr. Thompson was elected to the presidency of the Ohio State University. He accepted and removed to Columbus in midsummer, serving both institutions for a portion of the summer in the matter of correspondence.

Of his service at the Ohio State University, there is no better record than is to be found in the development of the institution, its excellent morale and the continuing esteem of faculty, alumni, students, and the general public. Muskingum College has conferred upon him the degrees of Master of Arts and Doctor of Divinity, while the Western University of Pennsylvania, Oberlin College, the University of Vermont and the University of Michigan have conferred the degree of Doctor of Laws. He was an active member during the war of the State and Federal Councils of National Defense. He was designated by the AgricuHural Department for a speaking and inspection trip through the Northwest with special reference to the production and conservation of food, and he was chairman of an agricultural commission sent to England and France to report the conditions there. President Wilson, in the period following the war, signally honored him twict - first by appointing him a member of the second Industrial Commission charged with devising a program for the just and friendly co-operation of capital and labor, and, second, by naming him as one of the commission to adjust the differences between the anthracite coal operators and miners. For both of these high services he was temporarily released bv the Board of Trustees from his duties at the Ohio State University. It was during this period of exacting public service that Dr. Thompson tender- ed his resignation of the presidency of the University, later withdrawing it when the trustees, faculty, alumni, student body and the public refused to let him retire.

Dr. Thompson has been a member of the Ohio Teachers' Association since 1891, and a member of the National Education Association since 1891. He has served as president of the Association of American Agricultural Colleges and Experiment Stations, and for a number of years was chairman of the executive committee. He has also served as president and member of the executive committee of the National Association of State Universities. He is a member of the Ohio Society of New York, of the Cosmos Club of Washington, D. C, and an honorary or non-resident member of various clubs here and elsewhere. He has been four times a commissioner to the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, has served as delegate to the Assembly and also as delegate to represent the church in the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America. He is now a member of the Executive Commission of the General Assembly and is president of the International Sunday School Association, having been elected at the convention in Buffalo, June, 1918, for a term of four years.

In local business affairs, Dr. Thompson has been active and successful. For many years he has been a director of the City National Bank. He was one of the organizers and incorporators of the Midland Mutual Life Insurance Company, and has been its president ever since its incorporation.

On September 21, 1882, Dr. Thompson married Rebecca J. Allison, of Indiana, Pa., who died at Longmont, Colo., August 15, 1886, leaving one daughter, Bessie. In October, 1887, he married Helen Starr Brown, of Longmont, who bore him two sons, Lorin and Roger, and died December 27, 1890. On June 28, 1891, he was united in marriage with Estelle Godfrey Clark, of Cleveland, who graciously presides over his home on the campus and whose qualities have won her an esteem which parallels well that of her distinguished husband.

Dr. Thompson, during his incumbency as University president in Ohio, has had numerous offers to take up other work. Twice he was invited to a pastorate in Kansas City, and he has been asked to consider the presidency of several other universities. But all these and others offering opportunity of high service, he has declined, holding that there is no more necessary work than that which he is doing.

THEODORE W. RANKIN, M. D. T. W. Rankin, M. D., one of the prominent physicians and surgeons of this section, has been closely identified with the medical profession of Columbus for over a quarter of a century. He is descended from two pioneer Buckeye families - the Rankins and Watkins, and his father and maternal grandfather were physicians before him. The Ohio settler was Dennis Rankin, who was of Scotch-Irish stock, and who settled at Brownsville, Licking county, in pioneer days, where lie owned a mill, gexieral store 'and hotel and also a large farm. The founder of the Watkins family in Ohio was Dr. John Watkins, a Virginian, who was graduated from a Virginia college, read medicine and acted as intern in a Philadelphia hospital before he settled in Zanesvillc, Ohio, where he was one of the earliest practitioners of medicine. He also took an active interest in public affairs and served one term in the Legislature.

The father of the subject of this sketch was Dr. Dennis M. Rankin, who was born in Muskingum county, Ohio. He was a graduate of Denison College, and a Philadelphia medical college. He practiced his profession in Muskingum county, this State, building up a large patronage for such a young man, his career being cut short by deatli at the early age of thirty years. His wife, Amanda E. Watkins, was born in Virginia. She survived to a ripe old age, dying in 191 t. after passing her eighty-fifth birthday.

Dr. T. W. Rankin was born at Fultonham, Muskingum county, Ohio, April 20, 1856. After attending the public schools he was a student at tile I'ultonham Academy and the Zanesvillc High school, later entering Washington University at Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. He was a medical student in the office of Dr. D. N. Kinsman, ill Columbus, and was graduated from Columbus Medical College with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. After graduation he practiced medicine for a few months at Zanesvillc, later going to Kirksville, Licking county, Ohio, where he soon built up a large general practice. His skill as a surgeon was recognized in that locality where lie performed many major operations in the homes of the people under adverse circumstances, with inadequate assistance or none, hater he took post-graduate work in the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania, and in 1889 and 1890 studied at the

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New York Post-Graduate Medical School, also took instructions at Bellevue Hospital under Dr. Joseph O'Dwyer, and, thus exceptionally well equipped for his chosen career, he entered the practice of his profession in Columbus in 1890. He was assistant to Dr. Kinsman, at the Columbus Medical College, professor of physical diagnosis at Starling Medical College, and in this institution became professor of children's diseases, when the two old schools were merged, after which Dr. Rankin served on the staff of Ohio Starling Medical College as professor of materia medicine and therapeutics, and later succeeded Dr. Kinsman as professor of practice and clinical medicine and when that institution became the medical department of the Ohio State University he continued on the staff until 1914, when he resigned and was made emeritus professor of practice and medicine. He helped organize and was one of the staff of the Protestant Hospital and taught the first class of graduated nurses ever taught in Columbus, resigning from that staff in 1913. Dr. Rankin was the first in his county to perform intubation for the relief of membraneous croup or laryngeal diphtheria.

During the first seven years after the organization of the Children's Hospital, Dr. Rankin was visiting physician to that institution and he has been a consulting physician to it ever since.

He and Dr. E. J. Wilson organized a small private hospital on Broad and Third streets, which, for larger accommodations, was removed to Washington avenue. Dr. Baldwin later became identified with that hospital and continued so until he built the first Grant street hospital, at which time the Washington avenue hospital was merged into the Grant street hospital, Dr. Rankin becoming president of the latter. He held this position until its reorganization, and is still identified with it professionally. He has long been influential in securing for Columbus modern hospital service.

Dr. Rankin was one of the promoters and organizers of the Columbus Academy of Medicine. He helped write its first constitution and issued the first call for membership. Dr. Kinsman was the first president of this institution. He was succeeded by Dr. Rankin, who is still a member of its board of trustees. Dr. Rankin helped organize the Ohio State Medical Society under its present regime and was the first counsellor of this district, which embraces ten counties. He also organized the different societies of this district. He is a member of the American Medical Association, is medical director of the Ohio State Life Insurance Company, of Columbus, belongs to the Columbus Club, the Wyandotte Club and the East Side Country Club.

Dr. Rankin married Lillia A. Black, daughter of Dr. J. R. Black, of Newark, Ohio, and to their union four children have been born, namely: Vera, who married Emerson Powell, of Columbus ; Eva, who married Stanley Brooks, of Columbus ; Helen is the wife of Douglas Brown, and they reside in New York City ; Doris is the wife of West W. Jordan, and they make their home in Philadelphia, Pa.

Dr. Rankin is widely known in medical circles in central Ohio, in which he has been regarded as a leader for many years. In all the positions of responsibility mentioned in the preceding paragraphs he discharged his duties in an able, faithful, conscientious and satisfactory manner. Being a profound student, persevering and of an inquisitive turn of mind, he has kept fully abreast of the times in all that pertains to medicine and surgery. He is frequently called in consultation on baffling cases and his advice is often followed with gratifying results. Moreover, he is held in highest esteem by all who know him for his many commendable personal qualities.

GEORGE W. BRIGHT, banker and man of affairs, has been a part of the business history of Columbus for over forty-five years and has won a place among our notable men and patriotic citizens. He is a native of Ohio and is descended from two pioneer families of the State. His paternal grandfather, Major Bright, a native of Maryland, was a pioneer of both Fairfield and Hancock counties, and was the owner, by entry and purchase, of upwards of two thousand acres of land in Hancock county. His maternal grandfather, George Stoner, also a native of Maryland, settled in Seneca county in about 1S25, from where he removed to Westerville, Franklin county in 1852.

His father, the Rev. John C. Bright, was born in Fairfield county, Ohio, October 13, 1818. He entered the ministry of the United Brethren Church when nineteen years of age and was very active and prominent in the work of that church for over a quarter of a century, ho'ding charges at different points in the State. He was the first secretary of the Ohio United Brethren Church Missionary Society, a position he held for several years, retiring from it only a short time prior to his death, which occurred at his home in Galion, Ohio. August 6, 1866. On July 15th, 18-14, he was united in marriage with Sophia Ann, and following her death, he on July 1. 1851, married her sister, Ann M. Stoner.

George W. Bright was born near Tiffin, Ohio, April 25, 1816. He was educated in the public schools and Otterbein University and at Columbus High school. He left Otterbein when fourteen years of age, and worked on neighboring farms until September, 1863, when he came to Columbus and attended high school until the spring of 1861, when he entered the army. He attempted to enlist in 1863, but was refused on account of his age and physical condition, but on May 2nd, 1861, he passed the examination and was mustered into Company H, 133rd Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Three and one-half months later he was invalided home with typhoid malaria and was discharged from the service. In February, 1865, having recovered from his illness, he enlisted in Company A, 187th Regiment, O. V. I., and served until he was mustered out and honorably discharged January 20, 1866.

After leaving the army Mr. Bright became a student at Oberlin College, but his college days were ended after two months time by the death of his father. He then came to Columbus and secured a position with his aunt, Mrs. A. E. Souder, who was engaged in business on south High street, in the jobbing millinery line. In 1872 he and his cousin, J. W. Souder, (son of Mrs. A. E.) purchased that business and conducted it under the firm name of Souder & Bright. Later John L. Bright, brother of George W., was admitted as a member of the firm, which was changed to Souder, Bright & Brother. Mr. George W. retired from the firm in 1891. In the meantime, however, he had become, in 1881, interested in the Sunday Creek Coal Co., of which he was vice president in 1891. He was also president of the St. Paul Coal Company, of St. Paul, Minn., a subsidiary of the Sunday Creek Coal Co. He continued as an official of these corporations until the Sunday Creek Coal Co. was sold to the J. P. Morgan interests. He was one of the organizers of the Boomer Coal and Coke Co., of West Virginia, of which he was vice president and president until 1901.

Mr. Bright entered the banking business in 1876 as vice president of the Capital City Bank, which position he has since held. He was one of the organizers of the Ohio Trust Company in 1900, of which he was president until 1908. In July, 1909. the capital stock of the Ohio Trust Company was increased from .$500,000 to $700,000. Soon after this time $200,000 of the stock was sold and the Ohio Trust Company and Citizens Savings Bank Company consolidated and formed what is now known as the Citizens Trust & Savings Bank. Mr. Bright was made chairman of the hoard of directors August 11, 1909, which office he is holding at the present time.

He was one of the oragnizers of the Lincoln Savings Bank, and is president of the same. He is vice president of the Bank of Basil at Basil, Ohio; vice president of the Bank of Corning at Corning, Ohio, and president of the Bank of Westerville at Westerville, O., all of which he was one of the organizers.

He was one of the organizers of the Columbus Transfer Company in 188 1 and is Treasurer of that Company at present. He was President of the Columbus Board of Trade in 1896, and has been identified with, (and Priesident at one time) the Y. M. C. A since its organization in Columbus. He has been a member of the First Congregational Church since 1871 and previous to 1917 he had served in one or another olficial capacity of that church for oxer twenty years. He is a member of the G. A. R., the Chamber of Commerce and of the Columbus and the Columbus Country Clubs.

Mr. Bright married Martha Worn], the daughter of Samuel Worrel, of Pickering, Ohio, and they have one daughter, Mary Louise, who married Sinclair B. Xaee. President of the Columbus Hank Note Company,

SAMUEL STRASSEB RICKLY. It is the dictate .if our nature no less than of enlightened social policy to honor I lie illustrious dead; to bedew with affectionate tears the silent urn of departed genius and virtue; to unburden the fullness of the surcharged heart those who may come after us. It has been the commendable custom of all the ages and all nations, Hence the following feeble tribute to one of nature's noblemen. The biographers reminded of their early years; but the late Samuel Slrasser Iiickly, pioneer educator and banker of Columbus, was of too simple and si icere a mould to affect any such weakness.

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On the contrary, he was proud of his humble beginnings, because they showed how high lie had climbed, and more than that, they fitted in with his hopeful, helpful philosophy of human life that merit will have its reward and that in this free country, which he loved, although born under a foreign flag, and early taught other customs and manners, young men may still look forward to success and honor as confidently as at any time in its history as the prizes of fidelity, couarge and indomitable energy, which were among his attributes.

Mr. Rickly, who was for a long lapse of years a vital force in the business interests of Columbus, was born in Biitzberg, Canton of Bern, Switzerland, on January 2, 1819. He was a son of John and Anna (Strasser) Rickly (spelled originally Rikli). Both his paternal and maternal grandfathers were extensive grain dealers in Switzerland and were in that business at the time of the French Revolution. John Rickly, father of our subject, was a saddler by trade, and also bought and sold grain. He served as postmaster of his parish at one time.

Samuel S. Rickly carried the mail under his father when he was but a boy, and also learned the saddler's trade and worked at it with his father. The family immigrated to America in 1834, locating at Baltimore, Fairfield county, Ohio. But a short time had passed in the new home, when the entire family, consisting of the mother and sister of the father of our subject and twelve children were taken sick, and within a few weeks time the parents and five of the younger children andthe grandmother and aunt died. The family was then broken up, and Samuel S. Rickly was apprenticed to a carpenter for whom he worked, doing the hardest and most menial labor, for three years. Finally, rebelling against the tyrannical treatment and hardships which he had been forced to endure so long, he left his employer, going to Lancaster, Ohio, where two of his brothers were living. In 1836 he came to Columbus, making the trip on a canal boat, but soon afterwards returned to Fairfield county, and at Lancaster found work at the carpenter's trade, also did cabinet making. In 1838 he was employed as clerk in a dry goods store, which store was closed out in 1839, and in that year he entered Marshall College at Mercersburg, Pennsylvania, defraying his expenses with the money he had earned by carpentering. He was ambitious to obtain a higher education and, applying himself assiduously to his text books, was graduated from that institution with the class of 1813, and at the graduating exercises he delivered the first oration ever heard in that college up to that time, in the German language. Later he studied theology, being ordained in the ministry in the Reformed Church in 1841, near Somerset, Ohio, then engaged in teaching in private families in Maryland and Virginia in the environs of Washington, D. C.

Returning to Columbus in 1817, Mr. Rickly established the German-English school at the corner of Mound and Third streets, which school became a popular success. In 1848 lie was chosen principal of the Columbus High School. In the spring of 1819 he established an academy at Tarlton, Pickaway county, which in the year following was adopted by the Reformed Church as a nucleus of a church institution and named it Heidelberg College, which in the succeeding autumn was removed to Tiffin. Mr. Rickly continued the head of the college until he was elected superintendent of the Tiffin Union Schools, and even after that he held for a number of years the chair of professor of "Theory and Practice of Teaching" at Heidelberg College. "Rickly Chapel" at Heidelberg was named in his honor.

In 1853 Mr. Rickly returned to Columbus and opened a select school in the basement of the Reformed Church, but in the following winter he was, unsolicited, elected journal clerk in the Ohio House of Representatives, and he then gave up teaching. At about this time lie became secretary of the Ohio Manufacturing Company of Columbus, which was a growing concern, and in the management of which Mr. Rickly became an important factor and eventually became one of the strong men financially of Columbus. In 1857 he and his brother, John J. Rickly. organized the banking house of Rickly & Brother, which in time became one of the strongest banking concerns in Columbus. In 1870 Mr. Rickly bought the interests of his brother and conducted the business until becoming involved in the failure of Jay Cook & Company during the financial panic of 1873, at which time he made an assignment for the benefit of his creditors, knowing that he had abundant resources to meet all liabilities if a reasonable time was given him to convert his assets into cash. However, he was soon released from his assignment and his assets returned to him. He resumed business and in due course of time he paid all his creditors in full, and in 1875 he organized the Capital City Bank, one of the most substantial banking houses of Columbus. This bank was robbed in broad daylight during the State Fair in 1879 of twenty thousand dollars, of which amount only one thousand dollars was recovered. One year later, on July 13, a man entered the bank and sought to negotiate a loan with Mr. Rickly, who perceived from the man's actions, that he was insane. After listening to the stranger in all kindness, he declined to make the loan, and turned his attention to other matters, when without any warning, the intruder drew a pistol and fired at the banker. The aim was at the temple, but the ball was deflected and destroyed the sight of both eyes, and he was totally blind thereafter. But this misfortune did not prevent him from carrying on his usual business activities.

Mr. Rickly was one of the stockholders of the first street railway built in Columbus, and assisted in the organization of the East Park Place Street Railway, of which company he was chosen treasurer; was a stockholder in the Greenlawn Street Railway Company; a director in three of the turnpike companies of Franklin county. In 1870, in partnership with others, he purchased the grounds for the old asylum for the insane, which land they sub-divided and sold, and thus was established the East Park Place district; was one of the syndicate who sold the lots of what is now West Park Place; was a prominent member of the Beard of Trade, of which he was president for one year, and on January 6, 18S5, he introduced a resolution before the board for the holding of a world's exposition, commemorating the fourth centennial of the discovery of America, in Columbus. This idea was to take practical form later in the Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893. He also introduced a resolution which resulted in the erection of the Board of Trade building in Columbus.

Mr. Rickly continued to take an abiding interest in educational affairs and served as a member of the school board; was a member of the Board of Equalization and a trustee of the Public Library, and by appointment from the governor and mayor was a delegate to six different important national commercial conventions.

The domestic life of Mr. Rickly began on September 16, 1815, when he was united in marriage with Maria M. Reamer, near Chambersburg, Penn. To Mr. and Mrs. Rickly the following children were born: Signora Elizabeth, S. Andelusia, Ralph R. and Alva Eugene, all deceased.

DR. WASHINGTON GLADDEN. Dr. Washington Gladden was born at Pottsgrove, Pa., the son of Solomon Gladden and Amanda Daniels, who were married in 1833, and went to Pottsgrove to live, the two teaching in adjoining districts. His great grandfather was Azariah Gladden, a soldier in the Revolution, who presumably traced his ancestry back to John Gladden, who came to Plymouth, Mass., in 1610, and later settled in Bristol, R. I. His grandfather was Thomas Gladden, a shoemaker and farm worker. His father was born at Southampton, Mass., attended the academy there and was a teacher before he was of age. He taught at Owego, N. Y., one winter and then moved into Pennsylvania, becoming master of the school in Pottsgrove. It was while he was at Owego, that Solomon Gladden met and loved Amanda Daniels, the daughter of a shoemaker who had a Little farm of his own, and invited her to share his lot in Pennsylvania. Sin- accepted, and the two, after their marriage, taught in adjoining school districts for a time. This arrangement ended with the birth of Washington Gladden, February 11, 1836. His education naturally began at a very early age. In his "Recollections," Dr. Gladden says he can faintly recall when he was four years old committing certain spelling lessons to memory before his father's return home in the evening. In 18 10 the family removed across the Susquehanna to Lewisburg, where the father became head master of the village schools. There the following year, Solomon Gladden died and his wife for a few months took up the work he had laid down, but in 1842, she, with her two boys, returned to Owego. Washing- Ion lived for a few months at the farm house of his uncle and then went to Southampton for a year with his grandfather and grandmother, returning to the farm of his uncle, Ebenezer Daniels, where he spent the next eight years. There, as he had in Southampton, he attended the district school, working on the farm under the terms of an ordinary apprenticeship. Farmer Daniels was a great reader, and there are pleasant recollections of the evenings of reading from the books of travel and history in the district library. He read aloud for the family group, and taught his nephew to read aloud, insisting that the words be spoken distinctly and that the meaning of the author be understood. "In that practice," says Dr. Gladden, "I learned most of what I have known of the art of oral expression."

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It was an industrious family ; every member worked hard. It was a religious family with its morning and evening devotions and regular church attendance, regardless of the weather. It is significant that it was a Presbyterian Church with which the family was connected and that the doctrines then taught were most carefully studied in the family circle, in connection with the reading of the Bible and in the atmosphere of fierce antagonism to all other creeds.

When he was sixteen, the farm boy had shown such aptitude for something different that his uncle advised him to seek a wider education and succeeded in getting for him the place of printer's apprentice in the office of the Owego Gazette. From apprentice, he soon passed to writer of local news, which he also put into type, and to looker-on and in a small way, participant in politics. An evangelist rekindled his interest in religion, and the youngman joined the Congregational Church and entered actively into its work. In 1855, after teaching a term in a country school, he entered Owego Academy with his face set toward the work of the Christian ministry. Thence in September of 1856, he went to Williams College, matriculating as a sophomore, under the presidency of Mark Hopkins. He graduated in 1859 and in the same year was licensed to preach by the Susquehanna Association of Congregational Ministers at Owego. There at Owego he preached his first sermon. In the few months immediately following he helped in revival services and preached in several vacant pulpits and in 1860 went to Brooklyn to be the pastor of what was called the First Congregational Methodist Church. There he was formally ordained and in his own church was married to Miss Jennie O. Cohoon, who had been a schoolmate in Owego Academy.

Soon came the Civil War with its distress and its excitement and in the distractions of the times religious life lagged. The young pastor found his task hopeless and himself in physical collapse. He was forced to give up the work and soon after, with strength renewed, became pastor of a little church in Morrisania, two miles up the Harlem river. There he labored during the years of the war. He read and studied in the Astor library and in 1863, having secured an appointment to the Christian commission and served with the army until illness drove him home where for two months he wrestled with a slow fever.

In 1866 Dr. Gladden was invited to and accepted the pastorate of the Congregational Church of North Adams, Mass. There in addition to his preaching he began to write for the Independent, Seribner's Monthly and other periodicals, thus beginning a service never long interrupted. In 1871 he left the pastorate of North Adams to be religious editor of the Independent, and continued that work for four years; returning then to the ministry and becoming pastor of the North Congregational Church of Springfield, Mass. For two years, while he was there he was editor of "Sunday Afternoon," a magazine for the household, a monthly of ninety-six pages, designed to show how to mix Christianity with human affairs. He also wrote "The Christian League of Connecticut," first printed in four installments in the Century Magazine, the purpose of which was much the same. After eight years of this varied and important service, Dr. Gladden, in 1S82, accepted the call to the pastorate of the First Congregational Church of Columbus, Ohio, becoming at once a strong factor in the city's life. From Sunday to Sunday during his active pastorate he labored to disentangle Christianity from what he believed to lie its hampering dogmas, to vitalize it and make application of it to the problems of the individual, the city, the state and the nation. He had no sooner begun his pastorate here than the antagonism of labor and capital was forced on his attention by a strike in the Hocking Valley coal mines. Though prominent members of his church were among the employers, he spoke out from his pulpit and in private conference, setting up ethical standards that were new to some of them. Here, too, he preached his famous sermons, which were subsequently gathered into a book, "Who Wrote the Bible?" He was in the forefront of those who were fighting for municipal reform and in 1900-1902 he served as a member of the City Council. It was a critical period in the life of the city, and he greatly helped to put justice into interurban franchises and the new franchise of the Columbus Street Railway Company. He had a part in the extension of the municipal electric light plant so that all the street lighting should be done by the city itself, in the improvement of the water supply and in the organization of citizens for the election of better officials. It was from Columbus, Ohio, too, that he proclaimed his hostility to the use of wealth unjustly got in educational or missionary enterprises, and made a number of deliverances which, whatever else their result, helped to awaken the public conscience to the injustice of our commercial system.

the United States; also president of the American Missionary Association; was trustee of Williams College, and served a term as preacher at Harvard University. He was the author of some forty volumes comprising sermons, essays and treatments of public matters. In 1911, Dr. Gladden was made pastor emeritus of the First Congregational Church, the burden of the pastorate having become too heavy, but up until his death, July 2, 1918, he was still writing and preaching his powerful message of peace on earth and good will to men.

CLARENCE E. RICHARDS, son of Ephriam G. Richards and Louise Shipman Richards, was born in Jackson, Michigan. February 22, 1865. On the paternal side Mr. Richards comes of a family of pioneers. His great-great-grandfather was a pioneer of Massachusetts, his great-grandfather a pioneer of western New York, and his grandfather a pioneer of the state of Michigan, moving there in 1831.

His father was a pioneer settler of Kansas, moving there in 1870 when the subject of this sketch was five years old. Mr. Richards is the third of four children in the family, all of whom are still living, Rev. Gerald R. Richards, of Cleveland, Gary F. Richards, of San Francisco, and Frank A. Richards, of Columbus.

The year after going to Kansas, in 1S71, Mr. Richards' father homesteaded 160 acres of land and it was there that Mr. Richards received his early education in the country schools. The family left the farm in 1881, moving to the county seat, El Dorado, Kansas, where he attended the village schools and later the teachers' normal school, and during the years of 1883 to 1886 he taught in the country schools of Butler county, Kansas. During his school days, and while teaching he always had a fondness for mathematics and an ardent desire to become an architect or engineer, and was continually studying with that end in view. In 1886 and 1888 he was employed as an assistant engineer in charge of buildings and bridges for one of the branches of the Missouri Pacific Railroad, which was then being built through that section of the country.

Mr. Richards came to Ohio in the fall of 1888, expecting to enter school at Denison University, where his two elder brothers had just graduated, but on account of financial reverses "was unable to carry out his plans and was obliged to abandon his long cherished desire for a university course. Early in 1889 he entered the office of Edward Anderson, one of the older architects of Cincinnati, working for Mr. Anderson as a draftsman and superintendent. In 1891 he left Cincinnati and went to Newark, Ohio, going into business with his brother, who was an engineer, under the firm name of Richards Brothers, architects. He remained there two years, after which he came to Columbus as superintendent of construction for the firm of Yost & Packard, architects. He served in this capacity six years, and in 1898 organized the firm of Richards, McCarty & Bulford, architects, of which he is still senior member. This partnership has been longer in the practice of the profession, without a change of name or personnel in its organization than any other firm in the State.

Mr. Richards was united in marriage with Mary E. Whiteside, at El Dorado, Kansas, October 10, 1889. Shortly after his coming to Columbus his wife died, in February, 1894. By this marriage one son, Clarence E. Richards, jr., was born November 19, 1892. This son graduated at Denison University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. During the war with Germany he enlisted in i he naval reserve flying corps, was commssioned an ensign and placed in charge of the inspection of flying boats at the Brooklyn plant of the Curtiss Engineering Corporation. Immediately after his release from the service in February, lit lit, he returned to Columbus, where he is now engaged in business with his father.

Six years after the deatli of his first wile, Mr. Richards was married to Miss Carrie B. Humphry s, daughter of Alfred S. and Martha Moores Humphr vs. This marriage occurred January 17th, 1900, at Indianola, Florida, Mrs. Richards' parents having removed from Columbus to Indianola, Florida, in 1897. By this marriage a son, Alfred Humphrys Richards was born, July 22, 1901. and a daughter, Louise Moores, born April 14, 1903. The daughter died at the age of two years. The son is a midshipman in the United States Naval Academy. Mrs. Richards is a native of Columbus, having been born and raised here. Her mother was also a native of this city. Her grandfather, Henry Moores. was one of the early settlers of Columbus, having come here in Hie days of the canal in 1845. Mrs.

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Richards was prominent in musical circles at the time of her marriage and is a member of the Women's Music Club and the Columbus Art Association.

During the period of over '20 years that Mr. Richards has been engaged in the practice of architecture in Columbus, his firm has become well known throughout the central west, having been connected with many of the largest building projects throughout the states in which they practiced. Among their buildings are the Ohio National Bank, the Citizens Trust & Savings Bank, the Athletic Club cf Columbus, the new Ohio Penitentiary at London, Ohio, the largest institution of this kind in the country, and many office buildings, hotels and public institutions throughout the states of Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, Kansas, Texas and Iowa.

Mr. Richards is a member of the Columbus Club, Columbus Country Club, Scioto Country Club, Columbus Athletic Club, Columbus Rotary Club, Order of Elks, the American Institute of Architects, Columbus Chamber of Commerce and the Columbus Art Association. He is a member of the First Baptist Church and politically he is a Republican.

STCART ROBINSON" BOLIN. The Bolin family, of which Stuart R. Bolin of Columbus, is an honored representative of the present generation, has been intimately identified with the history of central Ohio for considerably over three-quarters of a century. The family is of French-Irish stock and originally the family name was "Bolevn." The American ancestor, John Bolin, great-grandfather of Stuart R., came over prior to the war of 1812, and settled at Martinsburg, Ya., (now W. Va.) He was a soldier in the American army (luring the above war and died at Norfolk. Va., while in the service. His son, John P., grandfather of Stuart R., was born at Martinsburg in 1807, and there married Mary A. Brannon, who was born of Irish parents in 1809. John P. Bolin removed to Ohio in 1834 and settled on his farm near Cireleville, Pickaway county. Later he removed into Circleville where he was in the building and contracting business until 1875, in which year he purchased a hotel property at Harrisburg, Franklin county, and there passed his remaining years.

Hon. Andrew Robinson Bolin, son of John P. and Mary A. (Brannon) Bolin, was a distinguished lawyer, legislator and orator. He was born at Cireleville in January, 1849. Bv the time he had reached his seventeenth year he had completed the course at the public schools and had been granted a teacher's certificate. He taught school one year and then entered Miami University, where lie was graduated as honor man of the class of 1871, degree of A. B. Miami later gave him the A. M. degree, and he was a trustee of that institution ;it the time of his death. He read law in Ci icinnati and at Cireleville and was admitted to the bar in 1872. But in order to better fit himself for the profession he entered Cincinnati I. aw School, where lie was graduated LL. B. with the class of 1873. He practiced law at Cireleville until 1909 and after that in Columbus until his death, on September 18, 1913, as senior member of the firm of Bolin & Bolin, of which firm his son, Stuart R., was the junior member. He attained high honors in the profession and was associated, on one side or the other, in most of the important litigation of his day in Cireleville. He was thoroughly trained as a lawyer, possessed a clear legal mind, was a hard worker and always a close student. He was a brilliant orator and his work in the Ohio General Assembly of two terms stamped him as a wise legislator.

On April 8, 1875, Mr. Bolin was united ii marriage with Soplironia, daughter of Edward and Soplironia ( Blodgett) Rector, of Pickaway county. Her father was a nephew and name-sake of Governor Edward Tiffin, first Governor of Ohio, with whom he came to this State before it was admitted into the Union. Mrs. Bolin is still living.

Stuart R. Bolin, son of the Hon. Andrew R. and Soplironia (Rector) Bolin, was born at Cireleville on June 20, 1878. He was graduated from High School on his seventeenth birthday and from law college eight days after his twenty-first birthday. Leaving High School he entered Ohio State University where he was prepared for law school. He entered the two year's course of the Law Department of Yale University in 1897, and completing the full three years' course of study in two years was graduated LL. B. with the class of 1899. He was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1900 and entered the practice of law in Cireleville as a member of the firm of Bolin & Bolin. His success at the bar was assured from the beginning, for he was not omy conscientiously and adequately prepared for the profession, but, as was his father, he possessed natural legal ability and aptitude for the law.

During his career in Columbus he has met with success as a lawyer and prominence in public-legal affairs. He served as City Attorney in 1912 and 1913, and on June 5, 1915, President Wilson appointed him United States District Attorney for the Southern District of Ohio, and on February 12, 1916, the United States Senate extended his term. This appointment was made without solicitation on the part of Mr. Bolin, and was accepted on the condition that the headquarters of the District Attorney would be removed to Columbus from Cincinnati, in which latter city they had always been located. Thus did Mr. Bolin do a nice thing for this city, and in so doing demonstrated his loyalty to the State capital and expressed his idea of the "eternal fitness of things."

Mr. Bolin's appointment as United States District Attorney was well received by the profession and people, and his work and its results have proved that that confidence was not misplaced. It was his good fortune, so regarded, to be incumbent of this office during the war period, for probably in no other office can be found the opportunity to render such vital service to the Government as in that of the United States District Attorney, and to this important work Mr. Bolin devoted his entire time, his legal talent, and his vigorous personality, discharging his duties in the most strict, but always impartial manner, recognizing neither friend or foe, and with the best interests of the Government and the public always paramount.

In 1907 Governor Pattison appointed Mr. Bolin executive commissioner, representing the State of Ohio at the Jamestown Exposition, held at Norfolk, Va., that year. In the fall of 1911, at the request of Governor Cox, Mr. Bolin assumed charge of the Legislative Reference Library of the State, the duties if which was to gather and prepare information for the benefit of the Legislature, to be available and to frame such legislation for the General Assembly, which position he held until early in 1915, when he voluntarily resigned.

Mr. Bolin is a member of Yale Alumni Association, Yale Kent Club, Phi Delta Theta Fraternity (Ohio State University Chapter), and of the Columbus Athletic Club. He is Past Eminent Commander of Scioto Commandery No. 35, Knights Templar, stationed at Circleville, and a member of Aladdin Temple of the Mystic Shrine of Columbus.

On October 9, 190-i, Mr. Bolin was united in marriage with Ada Rebeckah Brown, daughter of Ambrose and Flora (Cunningham) Brown, and to them have been born the following children: (1) Flora-Belle; (2) Ethel Virginia; (3) Ada Elizabeth; (4) Roberta Brown; (5) Stuart Robinson, jr.

HON. JOHN J. LENTZ. One of the notable men of Columbus is the Hon. John Jacob Lentz, president of the American Insurance Union, who has been a conspicuous figure in the affairs of the city, state and nation for over a quarter of a century. He has won a high place in the public mind by what he has accomplished as a lawyer, business man, public official, and as a patriotic citizen. He is a native of Ohio and the State lias every reason to be proud of him for what he has done and is doing. His career is that of the man who has won his way from a humble position in life to an honorable and distinguished place in the nation by his own efforts. Born and reared on a small farm he early developed a capacity for hard work and a spirit of self-reliance. He walked a distance of five miles each morning to attend the St. Clairsville High School; he was a teacher of a district school at seventeen and superintendent of a village graded school when he was twenty-one years of age; he is a graduate of three colleges, was admitted to the bar and began practice when he was twenty-seven and was a member of Congress at forty.

Mr. Lentz was born in Belmont county, Ohio, January 27, 1856, the son of Simon and Anna (Myer) Lentz. After attending the district and High School lie taught a country school in Belmont county two years, (hen in Clinton countv one year, attended the National Normal University at Lebanon where he graduated in 1877 and that fall became superintendent of the Maine ville, Ohio, graded schools. Before graduating from the University of Michigan with the degree of A. B. in 1882, he spent a year at Wooster University, Ohio, where he won second prize in an oratorical contest of eighteen entrants and took the highest rank in mathematics ever attained by any student in that University. While at Ann Arbor taking the literary course, he also attended the law lectures of Judges Coolev.

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He was admitted to the Ohio bar in October, 1883, and immediately entered the practice in this city as a member of the firm of Albery, Albery & Lentz. In April, 1887, Judge George K. Xash, later Governor of Ohio, proposed a partnership to Mr. Lentz and the law firm of Nash & Lentz was formed, which ranked among the leading ones of the bar of Ohio and continued until Governor Nash's death in October, 1904. Since 1907 Mr. Lentz has been a member of the law firm of Lentz & Karus, but his presidency of the American Insurance Union, his membership on the Board of Governors of Mooseheart, his many addresses in behalf of fraternalism, the Anti-Saloon, and other reform movements have prevented his active practice in late years.

For many years Mr. Lentz has been very prominent in public affairs. He was for five years in his early practice of the law a member of the Board of Examiners of the Teachers of the city. In 1S93 he received a handsome complimentary vote for Governor in the Democratic State Convention at Cincinnati, though he was in no wise a candidate. In 1896 he was nominated on the Democratic ticket for Congress in the Twelfth, or Capital District, and after a gallant contest, and the memorable debates with his opponents was elected by a majority of 49, while Wm. McKinley, who headed the Republican ticket for the Presidency, carried the district over W. J. Bryan by a majority of 280 votes. He was reelected to Congress in 1898 and was nominated again in 1900, but in the latter year he was defeated by a majority of only 18 votes, while President McKinley, who was a candidate for re-election, carried the district by a majority of 735 votes over W. J. Bryan. ^Tien Mr. Lentz entered Congress Thomas V. Reed was Speaker of the House, and assigned Mr. Lentz to membership on the Committee on Military Affairs and he continued on that committee during his four years in Congress. The Spanish-American War occurred during that period and the Committee on Military Affairs was one of unusual importance while Mr. Lentz was a member. In 1908 Mr. Lentz attended the National Democratic Convention at Denver and was elected honorary vice president of the Ohio delegation and was chosen to second the nomination of both Bryan and Kern as candidates for President and Vice President. He was honored by being selected as President of "Fraternal Day'' at the Paiama Pacific Exposition at San Francisco April 22, 191.5.

Mr. Lentz is regarded and affectionately called the "father and founder" of the American Insurance Union, for to him is due and accredited in no small measure its organization and success. This institution began business in 1891 with fifty-five members and under Mr. Lentz's able management as its president it has in twenty-five years grown into the second largest life insurance company in the State of Ohio, with one hundred thousand members, carrying one hundred million dollars of insurance and a surplus of nearly two million dollars. Mr. Lentz has been the president and the guiding spirit of this great organization since its inception and incorporation.

On September 21st. 1919. the American Insurance Union celebrated its silver jubilee, at which Hon. Thomas R. Marshall, Vice-President of the United States, delivered the jubilee address.

At a meeting of the National Congress on that occasion. Mr. Lentz was unanimously made honorary president of the American Insurance Union for life, which is an honor unknown among fraternal insurance associations. It was also provided that should he retire from the active presidency at any time during life he should continue to receive throughout life an amount equal to two-thirds of his then salary, and continue as an emeritus member of the board of directors. He was given a most beautiful silver loving cup, on which were engraved these words: "John J. Lentz, President and Founder. American Insurance Union Silver Jubilee. September 21st. 1919. Presented by his fellow workers." Each member of the Congress was decorated by a handsome silver medallion carrying in bold relief his wellknown and distinguished likeness, with the words, "John J. Lentz, Founder and President."

For many years he lias been a prominent figure in the Loyal Order of Moose and at the International Convention of that order at Baltimore in 1910. lie introduced the first resolution and delivered the first address in favor of founding a vocational and academic home for the care and training of the dependent children of deceased members and he coined and proposed the word "Mooseheart." which was unanimously adopted as the name of the institution. From the beginning he has been a member of the board of governors. He assisted in selecting and purchasing 1,000 acres for the home in Illinois, 35 miles west from the heart of Chicago, and he presided at the laying of the corner stone ceremonies July 27, 1913, and delivered its first commencement address in June, 1919.

"Mooseheart" is now the greatest institution of its kind in the L'nited States and Professor Albert Bushnell Hart of Harvard University, says it is destined to become the greatest of its kind in the world. The plan of "Mooseheart," provides for a home for 5,000 children on 5,000 acres.