Columbus City (part 47 of 57)

was organized with five members- X. B. Kelley, James B. Thomas, William Flentham, David Bryan and Charles A. Howie, Mr. Kelley being the first Noble Grand. The lodge was instituted in the Tontine building on West State street, soon removed to the east side of High street three doors north of Town street. In later years it occupied rooms in the Buckeye block, East Broad street, then the City Banc building, southeast corner of High and State streets, then rooms in the Carpenter block 01 East Town street and finally the Temple to which it moved in 1870. The cornerstone of the Temple, High street between Town and Rich streets, was laid July 1, 1867, and the building when completed was valued at $125,000. Among the prominent men initiated here during the first two years were John Brough, afterwards Governor, David Overdier, John T. Blain and John Greenleaf.

There are now in Columbus eleven subordinate lodges as follows : Columbus No. 9, Central No. 23, Excelsior No. 145, Capitol No. 334, Harmonia No. 358, Junia No. 17-1, National No. 509, Hilltop No. 662, Dennison No. 711, Robert Curtis No. 762 and Lincoln No. 801. The membership of these lodges in 1918 was 2,060.

Columbus has furnished the following Grand Masters of the Grand Lodge of Ohio: Alex. E. Glenn 1849-50, Joseph Dowdall 1875-76, C. L. Young 1884-85, Ralph P." Miller 1898-99,

Columbus Lodge No. 3, K. of P., was instituted May 17, 1869, by Supreme Chancellor Samuel Read, of New Jersey with twenty-one charter members, among whom were Henry O'Kanc, Joseph Dowdall, C. A. Poland, W. H. Noble, John Siebert, Adam Stephens, John W. Lilley, Theodore Jones and C. M. Morris. Germania Lodge No. -1 was instituted at the same time with twenty charter members, Henry, Charles H. and Philip Lindenberg being among the number. Franklin Lodge No. 5, with thirty-two members was also instituted at the same time. Among them were C. S. Glenn, J. M. Elliott, John Vercoe, W. H. Young and James R. Armstrong. The last named had a brief existence, its members going into Ellenwood No. 95, and the name and number being subsequently taken by a lodge organized on the West Side. Other lodges organized since the first three are: Joseph Dowdall No. 144, Norwood No. 288, Republic No. 315, Henry Lindenberg No. 576, Champion No. 581, Mentor No. 642 and Westwood No. 770, organized July 6, 1917.

The membership in Columbus totals about 3,500, and some of the lodges meet in the Temple, 35 and 37 East Long street, which was built in 1915 and is used partly for business purposes.

Other Pythian organizations are: Pythian Sisters, Calanthe No. 1 and Damona No. 45; the Franklin County Pythian Association; the Dramatic Order of the Knights of Khorassan, Bakoo Temple for men and No. 2 Nomads of Avrudaka for women, the purpose of which is

The Columbus Lodge of Elks No. 37 was installed September 18, 1885, Charles A. Miller being the first Exalted Ruler. Its first Home, located at CO East Main street, was formally dedicated June 19, 1901. In 1912, having outgrown its quarters, the lodge decided to move. A lot at the northeast corner of Broad and Fifth streets was bought, and a magnificent Home, one of the ornaments of the city, was built and dedicated December 15, 1915. The lodge has for years enjoyed a steady and healthy growth, and the membership now numbers 2,000 of the leading business and professional men of the community. In 1918, John W. Kauffman was Exalted Ruler and John W. Ranney, Secretary.

The Improved Order of Red Men was introduced in Ohio in 1852, in which year Algonquin Tribe No. 3 was organized in this city. Scioto Tribe No. 22 (German) was instituted in 1866, and Olentangy Lodge No. 65 in 1872.

The Druids came in 1857, with the organization of Columbus Grove No. 10. Capital Grove No. 30 was instituted in 1871, Central Grove No. 32, in 1872, Franklin Arch Chapter No. 2, in 1862, and Columbus Supreme Arch Chapter No. 10, in 1871.

The United American Mechanics first appeared here with the organization of Olentangy Council No. 16, in August, 1872, and the Junior O. U. A. M., with the organization of Energy Council No. 8, in October of the same year.

The American Insurance Union, organized in 1894, has its national headquarters in Columbus, 11-50 West Broad street. John J. Lentz is national president and Dr. George W. Hoglan national secretary. There are four Columbus chapters.

The Woodmen of the World is represented by sixteen camps ; the Royal Arcanum by three councils ; the Knights of the Maccabees by eight tents and the Ladies of the Maccabees by seven hives ; the Improved Order of Red Men by twelve tribes and the Daughters of Pocahontas by seven councils ; the Fraternal Mystic Circle by two rulings ; the Knights and Ladies of Honor by five lodges ; the Loyal Order of the Moose by two lodges ; the Modern Woodmen of the World by four camps; the Patriotic Sons of America by five bodies of varying names. There is one den of the Fraternal Order of Bears, one aerie of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, one nest of the Fraternal Order of Orioles, one nest of tbe Order of Owls, one organization of the Fraternal Order of Oaks, and a number of other secret societies indicating the prevailing tendency of Columbus men and women to organize for mutual pleasure and helpfulness.

The G. U. O. F. (colored) has its own temple at the corner of Long street and Garfield avenue. Three lodges and four households of Ruth meet there. Three organizations of colored Masons and eight colored Knights of Pythias and Pythian Sisters are also maintained.

The Columbus Chili, which is housed at the southeast corner of Broad and Fourth streets, is the oldest of the purely social organizations of the city. When the elegant home of B. E. Smith at that site was offered for sale in 1886, a number of men including Emerson McMillin, I). S. Gray, W. D. Brickell, and H. M. Rownd, bought the property and held it till a club could be organized to take it over and occupy it. Thus the Columbus Club came into existence December 15, 1886. Mr. Smith is said to have spent -+100,000 on the property; the cost to the club was $44,000. Since then the building has been enlarged and the

The Wyandot Club is an organization of a social and historical character. It was formed in 1881, hut was not incorporated til! 1891. In that year it purchased Wyandot

Secret And Social Orgaxiations

Grove, 42 acres, eight miles northwest of the city on the west bank of the Scioto, the spot on which it had been organized ten years before. There Chief Crane, of the Wyandots, and others maintained wigwams, and there Indians loved to camp as late as 1810. In 1889, the club acquired a tract of land three miles north of Dublin on the east bank of the river, including the spot on which Leatherlips was executed on the pretended charge of witchcraft, but really because he was a friend of the whites. There the club erected a monument commemorating this chieftain who was a victim of Indian intrigue. The club membership is limited to seventeen. William Taylor was the first president and E. L. Taylor secretary.

The Athletic Club was the outgrowth of the Ohio Club, a social organization which for a few years occupied the sixteenth floor of the Columbus Savings and Trust building at the corner of High and Long streets. In 1912, a few members of the Ohio Club and others organized the Athletic Club and elected a board of directors witli the following officers : H. J. Booth president, E. A. Reed, Samuel G. McMeen and Robert E. Sheldon vice presidents, Douglas MeCormick secretary and H. B. Halliday treasurer. The membership campaign that followed brought the membership up to 470 by February, 1913, and E. A. Reed was elected president, while Mr. Booth assumed the responsible position of chairman of the site and building committee. The old Trinity parish house on Broad street near Fourth was bought from Dr. S. B. Hartman for $80,000. At a joint meeting of the Ohio Club and Athletic Club directors in June the former transferred all their property to the latter, and with a membership of 800, the building project was launched. Ground was broken July 2, 1914, and the building was occupied January 19, 1916, with a series of entertainments continuing over several evenings. The building had cost $350,000, and there were at that time approximately 1,200 resident and 300 non-resident members. Mr. Reed continued as president till February, 1917, when he was succeeded by Karl T. Webber. The officers for 1918 were: F. W. Braggins president, B. W. Marr first vice president, Harold W. Clapp second vice president, J. B. White third vice president, James T. Clyde secretary, George A. Archer treasurer. The membership is 1,200 resident and 600 non-resident.

The Arlington Country Club was one of the earliest of its kind in central Ohio, having been organized about 1890 and established about four miles northwest of Columbus. A building was erected on a picturesque bluff and golf links were laid out on an ample acreage. The property was thus maintained till 1918, when it was sold to the Shriners, who maintain it as the Aladdin Countrv Club. Some of the members of the Arlington Club have become members of the Scioto Country Club, which was organized in March, 1915, and established itself on the Dublin pike further north, with building, golf links and tennis court. The officers of the latter club are: President, James L. Hammill; secretary, Daniel M. Postlewaite; directors, B. Gwynne Huntington. T. B. Sellers, W. P. Oglesby, W. H. Holcomb, Alonzo H. Tuttle and W. K. Lanman.

The Columbus Country Club, organized in 1903, has a fine building, golf links and tennis courts on a large acreage overlooking the Big Walnut, east of the city. Orlando A. Miller was one of the prime movers in the project and for many years its president.

Two organizations of wide-awake business men, organized for purposes of sociability, mutual helpfulness and the promotion of good things in the community are the Rotary Club and the Kiwanis Club. Neither has a home of its own and meetings are held generally at the noon hour at a hotel or the Athletic Club, often with a speaker from within the membership or outside of it who is giyen a few minutes to present some important subject. These clubs haye helped greatly to inform the members and focus their interest.

An association for "the promotion and advancement of the knowledge of the natural sciences," called the Tyndall Association, existed here from 1870 to 1880. George H. Twiss was the first president, but Dr. Thomas C. Mendenhall was the moving spirit and president for most of the years of its existence. Learned papers were read at this meetings, and the association brought distinguished scientists here for public lectures. These meetings and lectures were a notable contribution to the intellectual life of the city of that day.

The first organization of commercial trayelers here was effected by John C. Fenimore, Levi C. Pease, Samuel H. Strayer, Willis E. Carpenter, John Dickey, Charles S. Ammel and Francis A. Sells, January 16, 1888. The founders of the United Commercial Trayelers were John C. Fenimore and Levi C. Pease and Council No. 1 was established in Columbus in the spring of 1888. By the constitution and articles of incorporation, the office of the Supreme Council is permanently located here. The first offices were in the building at the southeast corner of High and Spring streets. Council No. 1 now has offices in its own building on West Goodale street, while the Supreme Council is on Park street facing Goodale park. In the park facing the entrance to the Supreme Council's building, is a memorial to Charles Benton Flagg, first Supreme Secretary of the order, born in 1855, died 1901. It is a three-pillared design with the words. Unity, Charity and Temperance inscribed between the pillars.

The Kit-Kat Club is an organization of :i!) professional and business nun who, with invited guests, meet seven times a year to consider some subject of literary, scientific or historical interest. At six of flic meetings the principal speaker is always a member of the club; at the seventh, to which ladies are invited, the speaker is some person of national repute. The club lias no property and meetings are held at the Chittenden Hotel, a dinner being one <>f tlie features. The presidents have been: Osman ('. Hooper, Charles C. Pivew Wm. King Rogers. Joseph Y. Denney, Daniel J. Ryan, Edward J. Wilson, W. 1'".. Henderson, I'',. O. Randall, Henry A. Williams and Claude Meeker. The club was organized in October. 1911.

'I'Ik local Council, No. 100, of the Knights of Columbus, was formally instituted on January 15, 1899, with a charter membership of about sixty. The society grew rapidly in favor among the Catholic men of Columbus and in the twenty years that have elapsed has acquired a membership of over a thousand. The local Council started with modest club rooms in a building on North High street, hut in a few years bought the historic

Secret And Social Organizations

Hayden home at the northeast corner of State and Sixth streets. The property is bounded on the north by Oak street and there the Knights built a handsome hall, making the home very commodious and attractive. The objects of the society are charity, unity and fraternity, both social and civic, and these were strongly exemplified in the war work of the local Council, which contributed in the neighborhood of .$15,000 to the national Knights of Columbus fund for war activities. In addition the Council gave the use of its rooms to the Catholic Women's War Relief Association for the duration of the war. There are 210 names on the Council's service flag, representing both army and navy, and several members died in action in France. After-the-war activities of the Knights of Columbus include a continuance of the social service inaugurated during the conflict just ended.

The Ancient Order of Hibernians in Columbus is part of a national body formed in New York in 1836 to protect Irish immigrant girls, afterwards branching out as a benevolent fraternal society. In 1919 it had a membership of 175,000 men and women in the A. O. H. and Ladies' Auxiliary.

The first division of the order in Columbus was organized in Goodale park in 1869. John Cook of Grove street is the only surviving charter member. In the seventies and eighties several other divisions were organized and the society throve in Columbus. Thomas

Dundon, well known lumber merchant, was at one time national treasurer, and the late M. J. Barry director of safety, was also on the biard of directors. James T. Carroll, editor of the Catholic Columbian, served two terms as national secretary. He was also instrumental in organizing a company of Hibernian Rifles, one of the few independent military companies in Ohio to hold together. Jerry O'Shaughnessy, present superintendent of the Columbus water works, was county president of the order during its most prosperous days in Franklin county. During the almost fifty years of its history in Columbus the order has paid for sick and death benefits over $100,000. The local members assisted in raising a national fund to care for its members in war service. The present county president is James Mulligan of North Washington avenue.

In Columbus there are ten courts of the Catholic Order of Foresters. They are a part of a national Catholic fraternal insurance society with 1,750 courts in the United States and Canada. The order was founded in May, 1883, in Chicago and at the present time - December, 1919 - has a memberhsip of 152,000. The ten courts in Columbus have a Court of Friendship composed of five delegates from each court. This central body has been active along charitable and community lines. It helped to raise $3,000 for St. Ann's Infant Asylum, and continually looks after the poor and distressed. M. J. Faistl is president of the Court of Friendship. Each court takes care of the sick among its members, paying out on an average of $1,000 annually in such fraternal endeavor. The national organ of the order, The Catholic Forester, is published in Columbus, under the editorship of James T. Carroll, editor of the Catholic Columbian.

Columbus is the national headquarters of the Knights of St. John, an international fraternal order made up of Catholic men, who at the time of admission must be between sixteen and lift}' years of age. It is a semi-military organization and also provides for the protection of its members in case of sickness or death. There are seven commanderies in Columbus with a membership of about 700. Colonel C. W. Wallace is the Supreme secretary, and James B. Dugan, also of Columbus, is the Supreme president. There is also attached to the order a Ladies' Auxiliary with about 600 members in Columbus, and about 5,000 in the State. The order was started in Baltimore in 1879.

Prominent among the Columbus residents of foreign descent who have maintained national organizations are the Welsh and the Scotch. The former have their St. David's society, It. E. Jones president, and prior to that had their Cambro-American society. The Scotch have their Caledonian society, James Anderson president. The Welsh have maintained the organization for gratification of musical tastes and for the observance of St. David's day, while the Scotch have centered their memories around Robert Burns, whose birth anniversary they have observed. When hyphenated Americanism became obnoxious, both of these organizations remitted tiheir activities so as to demonstrate their unalloyed affection for the United States and help to the utmost in the World War. The Welsh-American Ladies Society, Mrs. J. S. Pletsch president, is an active organization now assisting in its establishment of a Welsh-American Home for the Aged at Cleveland.

Chapter Xxxvi Drama, Music And Art

Early Places of Amusement - Later Theaters in City and the Parks - Sells' Brothers' Circus, Field's Minstrels - Individual Stage Successes - Portrait and Landscape Painters - Sculptor Tom Jones - Art Association and Gallery of Fine Arts - Art Exhibitions - Handel Society of 1821 - The Maennerehor and Other Organizations - Political Glee Clubs - Women's Music Club - Orpheus and Arion Clubs - Oratorio Society - Church Choirs.

So far as can be ascertained the first play ever given in Columbus was "She Stoops to Conquer," probably in the old Maiket house on State street, April 10, 1828, Mr. and Mrs. Harper and Mr. Powell being the principal actors. About 1832 theatrical performances began at Young's Coffee House, under the management of Gilbert & Trowbridge, who called their room of entertainment the Eagle Theater. They seem to have been continued at intervals for two or three years. The first building in Columbus designed especially for a theater was erected in 1835 by a joint stock company on the west side of High street between Broad and Gay. It had a frontage of fifty feet, was one hundred feet deep and thirty feet high, and was built of wood. The stage occupied about half of the interior, and there was a pit with two tiers of boxes, with a saloon in the rear. It was called the Columbus Theater and was managed by Dean and McKinney. There was an opening night, and prizes were awarded to Otway Curry and James Kilbourne for the best and second best address.

The companies that appeared at the Columbus Theater seem at first to have been of eminent respectability and out of them came several actors like Julia Dean and James Proctor, who afterwards gained wide repute. But the saloon at the rear ultimately destroyed its tone; the theater was complained of and was closed in 1843, the building being later removed. Theatrical performances were resumed in the city in 1847, this time at Neil's Hall, south of the Xeil House, but a fire in September, 1848, drove them to Concert Hall, Decker and Sargent, the managers, announcing that low and vulgar witticisms would not be allowed and ladies' might attend in perfect security. But the favor of the public seemed for some years to run to freak entertainments in AValcutt's Museum, circuses (the first of which, Pippin's, appeared here in 1833 or 1834), balloon ascensions and musical entertainments, some of a very high character. Walcutt's Museum and the Odeon were used for theatrical entertainments, but there was a demand for something more commodious, and finally in 1855, Kinney, Burrell & Co. bought for $S,000 a lot on State street, opposite the Capitol, which has ever since been used for theatrical purposes. They erected a building which they called the Dramatic Temple and opened it with the production of "The Honeymoon," September 12, that year. John M. Kinney was the general manager and W. S. Forrest stage manager. Before the play, the whole company sang "The Star-Spangled Banner," and Miss Deering, one of the players, read a poetic address which was probably written by Judge R. B. Warden, who wrote a tragedy entitled "Airdvoirlieh," which was produced by the company as a benefit in the following December. Hanchett & DvfKeld became the lessees and the name was changed to the Columbus Theater and as such it was closed in December, 1856. Broderiek & Oakley then leased it and failed. In December, 1857, .the theater passed to the proprietorship and management of Ellsler & Vincent, and in 1863 was reopened as the Atheneum, John A. Ellsler manager. Since then under Ellsler, Sargent, Miles, the Millers (James and Henry), and others, appeared some of the best actors that ever trod the boards. Like all other playhouses, it has had its ups and downs, for the public is fickle. It is now known as the Grand Theater.

In 1863 a building was erected on the west side of High street north of Rich by Benjamin E. Smith and Theodore Comstock for mercantile and theatrical purposes. It was called at different times the Cotton Block (because the monev invested therein was said to have been made in cotton speculation), Comstock's and the Metropolitan. The auditorium had a seating capacity of about 1 ,200 and was handsomely appointed. The opening performance, September 9, 1864, was of Verdi's "II Trovatore." During its career, which ended in a fire January 25, 1892, it was the scene of many of the best dramatic productions.

The greatest stars of the time trod its boards - Forrest, Booth, Barrett, Jefferson, Irving, Toole, Keene, Salvini, Bernhardt, both the Sotherns, Marlowe, Adelaide Neilsson, Clara Morris, Mcnkin, Owens, and a host of others, besides musicians and orators. And there, too, many of our own loeal celebrities had their inning. Clara Morris made her initial appearance there as leading actress, September 2, 1865. This house was also frequently used for political conventions, meetings of the Grand Army and other large gatherings. It is now only a memory.

The Henrietta Theater, built in 1892 on West Spring street, survived only a few months, having been destroyed by fire November 21, 1893. The High Street Theater, built in the same locality in 1893 by Dundon & Bergin, opened with the play, "The Love Chase," with Julia Marlowe in the stellar part. It was a small house which gave opportunity to many good actors and companies that were then fighting the so-called theatrical trust. It is now known as the Lyceum and is given over to vaudeville, musical comedy and moving pictures.

In 1896 the Southern Theater on Main street just east of High, was opened, the Valentine Company lessees, with a musical comedy from New York Casino, "In Gay New York." Under this management the theater was operated for fifteen years as a high-priced house. Since then it has been occupied chiefly by stock companies and moving pictures.

The Valentine Company in 1912 became the lessees of the Hartman Theater in the building erected by Dr. S. B. Hartman on the southeast corner of State and Third streets, opening with "The Pink Lady," and still operates it, Lee M. Boda manager, as a highpriced house. The Valentine Company also occupied the Grand for two years beginning in 1897.

In 1902 a company including George C. Urlin, Howard Weisman and others, erected on Gay street at the corner of the first alley east of High, what was called the Empire Theater. It was operated for a time by the company and then was taken over by the Keith Company, by which it is still operated, W. W. Prosser manager.

About 1906 Lincoln Fritter projected a theater on West Broad street which he proposed to call the Majestic. He was unable to finish it, and the enterprise was taken over by J. V. Howell, of Cincinnati, and completed as the Colonial. It lias been occupied by regular theater companies, by stock companies, and later by moving pictures. Across from it is the Broadway, an improvised theater devoted to vaudeville and burlesque. On Higli street across from the Capitol, has come the Majestic, devoted to moving pictures, and at numerous places along the same street and in various parts of the city store rooms have been transformed into places for the presentation of the film drama, with entertainment for tens of thousands afternoon and evening at small cost.

The theater in Olentangy park has variously housed light opera and the drama in summer for twenty years, and before that a theater at Minerva park, now abandoned, provided entertainment of a varied character.

Sells' Brothers' Circus, a Columbus enterprise, appeared in 1872, being announced as "the most stupendous confederation of exhibitions ever placed before tiie American public." The confederation resulted from the combination of four different shows. This circus for years, until the late 90's, traveled out of Columbus, headquarters being maintained on the Scioto north of the city, and there was great pride in its achievements. Another Columbus amusement enterprise which has been a credit to the city and lias advertised it far and wide, is the Al. G. Field Minstrels, organized by Mr. Field in July. 1886. That sterling company is still on the road in season, and during all the years has been a strong factor in keeping minstrelsy clean and wholesome Heber Brothers' Circus was another Columbus organization which, after several years of activity, was withdrawn from the road during the Irving years of 1917- 18.

Columbus gave Mary Beebe to the Boston Ideal Opera Company and Grace Reals to tile Bostonians. George Backus went from h to a fine stage career, and Elsie (Bierbower) Janis grew up here and won before Columbus audiences her first stage applause.

Music, we may be sure, had its place in the life of Columbus from the very first, but the first musical organization of record was the Handel Club which assisted in the celebration if Independence day in 1821 and 1822, and wis in existence in 1830. In 1828 a school of sacred music was opened by C. Parker at the Academy. In 1833 came the Franklin Harmonic Society, Rufus Beach president, for the "improvement of vocal and instrumental music." It gave a concert at the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1838. The same year the Columbus Band, using brass instruments, appeared. In 1845, Governor Bartley presiding, the Columbus Sacred Music Society was organized at the old United States Court House. In the same vear, the Swiss Bell Ringers made their appearance, and Ole Bull, the great Scandinavian violinist, gave a concert at the Neil House. In December, 1819, there was what was called a "German concert" at Mechanics' Hall.

In 1851 great efforts were made to secure a concert by Jenny Lind and her company. An offer of .$10,000 by R. E. Neil, met with refusal, but her manager, P. T. Barnum, permitted her to come for a concert in the Odeon, November 1. Seats were sold at $4, $3 and .f2, and everv one was sold the day before. She gave a second concert, the following evening, and the house was well rilled, according to a newspaper account, which also says that from the proceeds of this second concert Jenny Lind donated $1,500 to Capital Universitv. Other concerts were given that year by Mrs. Seguin, M'lle Teresa Parodi, assisted by Maurice Strakosch, and by Mme. Anna Bishop.

The North American Saengerbund held a festival in Stewart's Grove (now Washington Park) June 4 and 5, 1852, at which time the Columbus Maennerchor gave the welcome to the various societies and bands. On November 19, 1852, Ole Bull gave another concert here at Neil's Hall, and Adelina Patti, then a child of eight, sang Jenny Lind's "Echo Song" and two other numbers with great effect. The newspapers pronounced her a prodigy. A second concert was given by Ole Bull and the child Patti with equal success, December 21, 1852, and on December 14, 1853, a third concert was given by Ole Bull and Patti, under the leadership of Maurice Strakosch, at Walcutt's Hall; and on December 4, 1854, at Neil's Hall, there was "a grand musical festival" by Ole Bull, assisted by Maurice and Max Strakosch, under the leadership of Maretzek.

In March, 1856, the Columbus Beethoven Association was organized "to improve the popular musical taste and to exterminate the Uncle Ned and Oh Susannah sort of music." An orchestra was formed, Professor Nothnagel leader, which played when the Thalia Verein gave Von Weber's opera, "Preciosa," at Carpenter's Hall, December 19, 1857. Sigismund Thalberg and Henry Yieuxtemps appeared here in 1858, and the Thalia Verein gave Schiller's "Robbers" in December. Adelina Patti again sang here December (i, 18(50, to "a fair audience." The Cecilian Verein, a new organization, appeared in concert April 8, 1861, and the Thalia Verein found permanent quarters in Apollo Hall on South High street.

The North American Saengerbund again met here August 29-September 1, 1865, and the gathering was one of the most important musical events in the history of the city. Peter Ambos was chairman of the committee on arrangements, which included some of the most prominent men in the city. A flag of the Singers' Union, costing .$450, was presented to the Saengerbund by the German ladies. There were concerts at the Opera House on the evenings of August 30 and 31, and awards were made by a committee of which Professor Nothnagel, Carl Schoppelrei and Carl Spohr were members. On the morning of September 1 , the various organizations marched to the Capitol Square, their banners dressed in crepe out of respect for Governor Brough, who had just died in Cleveland, and sang appropriate music. The concluding exercises consisted of speaking and singing in the park, a dinner and dancing in the evening.

In March, 1868, and in the following December, Ole Bull again appeared here with his marvelous violin. Soon after the Theodore Thomas orchestra of forty musicians gave a concert, and on January 11, 1870, the Philharmonic Society, Herman Eckhardt director, gave Havdn's "Creation," with Mrs. Lizzie Eckhardt as Gabriel, Joseph Falkenbach as Raphael, H. Hyde as Uriel, Mina Senter as Eve and H. W. Frillman as Adam. In the following April Rossini's "Stabat Mater" was given by the same society. Ole Bull again played here in April, 1870; Parepa Rosa sang here in May, and the Philharmonic Society gave another concert in December and soon after Clara Louise Kellogg sang lure. Anna Louise Gary, Signor Brignoli. Henry Vieuxtemps and Christine Nilsson appeared here in 1871 and again in 1872. and later in the same year Carlotta Patti and Anna Louise Cary in a Strakosch concert. In April, 1873, Mme. Pauline Lucca and Clara Louise Kellogg appeared here in opera.

and again in the same place, Christmas day, 1877. John M. Pugh was president and Rees E. Lewis, conductor. Local musical organizations of this period were: The Columbus Harmonia Society, organized in September, 1878; Prof. Herman Eckhardt's Columbus Quartette, organized in October; the Orpheus Club, in 1881; the Women's Music Club in 1882; the Arion Club, in 188-1; the Columbus Orchestra, C. C. Xeereamer director, December, 1886; the Columbus Opera Club, January, 1888.

From this hasty sketch, it is apparent that Columbus had much of the best music from a very early day. The German and Welsh societies helped greatly, but the general population was appreciative and enterprising on its own account. In 1872 the famous Republican Glee Club was organized and sang itself into national fame in succeeding Presidential campaigns. It appeared at the national conventions of the party and at Presidential inaugurations and never failed to make a hit with its surpassing music. The personnel of this club has been many times changed, but it is still active and in the last campaign maintained the old standard of excellence. A Democratic Glee Club appeared in recent years and has done some creditable work.

The Maennerchor, organized in 1848, and the Liederkranz, organized in 1866, have had distinguished careers as male singing societies, themselves giving many concerts of a high order and aiding in local events, as well as bringing other societies and individual singers here to be heard. A similar and most notable service was performed by the Orpheus and Arion Clubs of male singers which existed contemporaneously in the 80's and early 90's. The first president of the Orpheus Club was Willis G. Bowland and its first director was Herman Eckhardt. The latter was soon succeeded by T. H. Schneider, who served for the greater portion of the Club's existence, being succeeded by H. G. Simpson. The Club started with three quartets, but the membership was gradually increased till a total of thirty men was readied. For twenty years it gave subscription concerts, bringing to Columbus many noted artists and organizations and producing several popular operas.

The Arion Club was organized first as a chorus to compete for a $100 prize offered by the management of the Eisteddfod of 188 k Under the leadership of W. H. Lott it won the prize and then permanently organized under the name Arion. For eighteen years it existed and served the community, first under the leadership of W. H. Lott, and later under that of L. A. Coerne, C. A. Graninger and Otto Engwerson. Witli an active membership of fifty and a large associate membership guaranteeing financial assistance, the club gave at least two concerts every winter, combining with its own chorus work the services of well known vocal and instrumental artists of Columbus and elsewhere, as well as the best orchestras. In 1895 and again in 1896, the club conducted a May festival. It brought many famous artists to Columbus ; it encouraged local musicians and helped them to success ; it revealed to Columbus the need of a large auditorium such as was afterwards provided in Memorial Hall and was behind the first movement for the construction of such a building. Complete preliminary plans, at the instance of the club, were made by Mills & Goddard, architects, and these plans, somewhat modified to meet the new conditions under which the building was erected, were subsequently used in the construction of the auditorium of Memorial Hall. The Women's Music Club had origin in a very modest way in 1882, when Miss Mary Failing, Mrs. F. I'. D. Albery. Mrs. John G. D, shirr, jr., Mrs. William Little, Miss Julia LeFavor, Mrs. J. R. Smith, Miss Margaret Taylor and Miss Emma McCarter formed an organization, (he sole purpose of which was to gratify their desire to hear one another play or sing and to stimulate their study. The club became popular; membership was eagerly sought and the club soon felt itself strong enough to give public recitals and concerts in the Y. M. ('. A. auditorium seating about 750. This was done for several years with success, but there came a time when interest lagged, associate membership declined and losses were incurred. In 1902, alter a year of inactivity, the club was reorganized with Mrs. Ella May Smith as president and with a broad and vigorous policy. The people responded with enthusiasm and for the second year's concerts, the Board of Trade auditorium was secured; from there, with the growth of the associate membership, the concerts were taken to Memorial Hall with a seating capacity of 3,400, The besl in vocal and instrumental music, soloists and symphony orchestras, were put on the program, and the associate membership grew to capacity proportions. The club bought a great organ at a cost of $1 1,000 and gave it to the county' for Memorial Hall ; it endowed a music alcove in the Columbus Public Library with $2,000; it organized a Girls' Music Club, through which girls might come to membership in the club of adults, and it developed through its members a system of low-priced music lessons for the settlements and occasional free concerts at the public institutions. After a successful service of fifteen years, Mrs. Smith retired and was succeeded by Mrs. H. H. McMahon, who, in 1919, was herself succeeded by Mrs. Andrew Timberman, under whose direction the club is continuing its success, giving the best of music at the lowest possible price and performing a real public service.

The Euterpean Chorus of women singers, organized in the late 90's and directed by Mrs. John Cassell, did some notable work for a number of years, making singing trips through the country and going one year to Wales where it won much applause.

The Columbus Oratorio Society was organized January 22, 1903, and for fourteen vears, rendered a useful service in producing oratorios such as "Elijah," "The Creation," "Judas Maccabeus," "Samson and Delilah" and "The Messiah." During all this time it had but two presidents - J. Warren Smith and H. H. Shirer, but one director, W. E. Knox, and one accompanist, Miss Jessie Crane. It instituted the May Festival in Columbus by bringing the Chicago Symphony Orchestra here and gave yearly entertainments in which local talen was exploited and many noted musicians and organizations from a distance were introduced. The war cut short its career.

The Columbus Symphony Association, organized in 1910, to bring great orchestral organizations to Columbus operated for a few years. Kate M. Lacey in 1913 organized her yearly "Quality Series" of concerts, still continuing with success.

Columbus has had several remarkable church choirs - among them that of the old First Presbyterian Church, in which H. W. Frillman, W. H. Lott, W. W. McCallip, A. L. Morehead, Emma Lathrop, Emma MeCarter and Lizzie McGeah carried church music to its highest perfection. The choir of St. Paul's Episcopal church has had a remarkable history. It began in 1882 with a single quartet composed of Horace Stanwood, Willis G. Bowland, Grace Reals and Marie Gemuender. The first break in the quartet was caused by the death of Mr. Stanwood and the second by the departure of Miss Reals for Boston to sing in opera. W. H. Lott then became director and the quartet was first doubled, then tripled and later increased to 30 voices. Mr. Bowland, who was one of the original quartet, has been the director for twenty-seven years.

The first decade of the history of Columbus was not yet completed when a painter of considerable renown, William Bambrough, an Englishman, settled in Columbus in 1819. He was a friend of the great Audubon and is credited with having assisted in the making of those marvelous bird pictures which have never been excelled and which did so much to make Audubon's work the useful thing it has ever since been. Bambrough died in 18(50.

William Walcutt, one of that family which has cut so large a figure in the history of the city, was born in Columbus in 1819. He was the first American painter to be decorated by the French Academy. He died in 1882, after a life devoted to his art and having accomplished much to justify his great reputation. He spent much of his time in New York and in Europe and did considerable work as a sculptor. The Perry monument at Cleveland and the Smith monument in Columbus are among his works in that line. His brothers David B. and George E. were also artists and made a specialty of portrait painting and much of their work is still to be seen here. Some of the portraits in the State House are said to be theirs. George was the founder and proprietor of Walcutt's Museum, which for many years flourished as the only institution of the kind in the city. The Walcutt family was one of the pioneer families and the mother of the artists was Muriel Broderick, daughter of one of the men who came to Franklinton with Sullivant in 1797. They all had the soldier spirit and the family was conspicuous in the Mexican as well as the Civil War.

John H. Witt came to Columbus in 1862 and painted landscapes as well as portraits. In 1878 he went to New York where he was very successful. Among his best known portraits are those of General Sherman, Senator John Sherman and Judge Swayne, which were made in Washington, D. C.

A pupil of Witt's was Silas Martin, born in Columbus in 1811, and by reason of hi., devotion to local subjects, very dear to the recollection of many. He had the rare good sense to see beauty enough for his art in the nooks and corners of his native place and the canvasses which he made perpetuate many of the beautiful spots of this locality. He made portraits of many leading citizens, liis most notable work of this kind being a portrait of McKinlev. He, too, was a soldier of the Civil War. In 1889 he was placed at the head of the Art Department at Ohio State University and was still in office when he died in 11)06.

Columbus also claims as her own the sculptor Thomas D. Jones. He was born in New- York state in 1811, but lived so much of his time and did so much of his work in this city that the claim is well founded. He was a remarkable example of an artist without education in his art. He began chiselling things out of stone of his own intuition. His output was rather large and included many busts of celebrated people like Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, Corwin, Chase, Lincoln, Queen Victoria, and others. In 1871 his chef d' oeuvre, the Lincoln-Soldiers Memorial in the rotunda of the State House at Columbus was unveiled witli great ceremonv. It is regarded by all critics as a real work of art. Among his pupils at his studio in Columbus in the early 60's was the famous actress, Adah Isaacs Menken. He died in 1881, and was buried in the Welsh Hills Cemetery in Licking county, Ohio.

Of the later group of painters there were J. .J. Barber and Herman Baker, both now dead, but famous for their cattle pieces ; Phil K. Clover, portrait painter. The mantle of Silas Martin seems to have descended upon Maurice Stewart Hague who, like Alice Sehille. has done some notable landscape work, finding subjects in the woods and fields and along the streams near Columbus. Mr. and Mrs. Albert C. Pauley, later of Granville, did many fine portraits here. Columbus is proud of the achievements elsewhere of George Bellows and Theodore Butler, impressionists, and of many others at home, including Josephine Klippart and May Cooke, the latter of whom is doing good work in sculpture.

The Columbus Art Association was organized at the home of Mrs. Alfred Kelley, October 19, 1878, with seventy-two members. Its first officers were: President, Mrs. Alfred Kelley; first vice president, Mrs. Pzra Bliss; second vice president, Mrs. Henry C. Noble; secretary, Mrs. Charles Osborn; treasurer, Mrs. B. N. Huntington; board of managers, Mesdames Daughcrty, Loving, Wade, Taylor, Wilcox, Dennison, R. S. Neil, H. M. Neil, Hutchinson, Galloway, Acton and Ide; advisory council, Mesdames Brent, Andrews, Hayden. Derby, Noble and Swan. Monthly meetings were held in a room over the Hayden bank. Its first funds were the result of a course of lectures delivered by Director French of the Chicago Art Institute. The Association opened the Columbus Art School, January 6*, 1879, in rooms donated by Francis C. Sessions in the building at the southeast corner of Long and High streets. Prof. W. S. Goodnough was the first director. The teachers were rewarded by a percentage of students' fees. On the board of instruction, besides the director, were: Miss Hat tie Belleville, Miss Josephine Klippart, Charles F. Cookman, Miss M. Rath, Mrs. H. B. DuBarrv and John Piersche.

Mrs. John G. Deshler, sr., in her will devised about .+85,000 for an Art Gallery; and in order that the bequest might be legally received, under the advice of Judge Joseph R. Swan, Henry C. Noble and Colonel James A. Wilcox, the Columbus Gallery of Fine Arts was incorporated. But Mrs. Deshler's will was set aside in the courts, and the endowment was lost. A fusion of the Columbus Art Association and the Columbus Gallery of Fine Arts was then effected, the latter assuming control of the property and the former becoming the working branch. To accomplish this, three men resigned from the board of the incorporated body, and Mrs. Ezra Bliss, Mrs. M. A. Daughcrty and Mrs. Alfred Kelley were elected to their places for life.

Mrs. Bliss heads the list of actual donors to the Association, her gift being $15,000, now amounting to $16,000. Emerson McMillin gave the lot on which Memorial Hall now stands, estimated to be worth and afterwards sold to the county for $30,000, on condition that other citizens of Columbus should give another $30,000. This fund was raised, Catherine M. Tuttle giving $10,000 of it. Subsequently Miss Tuttle nave $34,000 to be used for scholarships in the Art School. Treasurer F. R. Sharp's report for 1918 showed an endowment fund for the Gallery of fine Arts of $75,000 and a fund of $50,000 for the us,' of (he Association and

The Art School was early moved to the up >er story of the Y. M. C A. building on Third street, where John F. Hussey became the director and later to the John W. Andrews property east of the Columbus Club, and then to the Monvpcnv home at the northwest corner of Broad .and Washington, which property is now owned by the Gallery of fine Arts. Francis C. Sessions, when he died, made some effort to provide endowment for tip cause of art in

Drama, Music And Art 289

Columbus, but that effort was frustrated until Mrs. Sessions' death in 1919, when the part of the will transferirng the Sessions' home became effective.

Despite its troubled existence, the Art Association has done much good work. It has educated many students, some of whom have achieved wide fame. It has furnished employment to many and has given the city the benefit of many fine exhibitions of the works of modern masters. Among its exhibitions, that of May, 1895, stands out preeminent, when through the influence of Emerson McMillin and C. C. Waite, some of the finest pictures in the country were loaned.

The Art School gives instruction in drawing, painting, illustrating, sculpture, design, metal work and interior decoration. The present director is Pearl Remy, whose associates in instruction are Julius Golz, jr., Alice Sehille, Grace Kelton and John E. Hussey. F. W. Schumacher is president of the Gallery of Fine Arts and Mrs. H. B. Arnold is president of the Art Association.

At the northwest corner of the Capitol building stands the Levi Tucker Scofield group monument of great Ohioans. Around a substantial pedestal of granite stand bronze statues of Grant, Sherman, Sheridan, Stanton, Garfield, Hayes and Chase, while surmounting the shaft is the statue of a woman representing the Roman matron, Cornelia, mother of the famous Gracchi. Near the top of the shaft are inscribed her words, used in referring to her children, "These are my jewels." It is said to have been General Roeliff Brinkerhoff who gave the idea to the sculptor. The monument was erected in the State House yard in 1891.

The painting of "Perry's Victory on Lake Erie," which adorns the rotunda of the Capitol building, was executed by William H. Powell in 1863. This painting, which is the original, measures 15 by 16 feet. Subsequently he made a similar picture on a larger canvas fo.- the Capitol at Washington.

Biographical

COL. JAMES KILBOURNE. On the roster of the names of those who were prominently identified with the development of the city of Columbus during the past half century, that of Col. James Kilbourne, soldier, philanthropist, manufacturer and prominent citizen merits a place of honor. His long life had been spent in his home city and ever during the epoch embraced in his brilliant business and public career his energies were effectively directed along normal lines of industry and business enterprises, through which he had made distinct contribution to the progress of this favored section of the great Buckeye commonwealth.

Colonel Kilbourne was born in Columbus October 9, 1812. His death occurred in Columbus July 8, 1919. He was a son of Lincoln Kilbourne and a grandson of Col. James Kilbourne, the first, who was one of the founders of the state of Ohio. The latter was born in New Britain, Connecticut, October 19, 1770, and he spent the first fifteen years of his life on his father's farm. He was then apprenticed to a clothier for a period of four years. However, at the beginning of his fourth year as an apprentice his master gave him his time and placed him in charge of the establishment. On November 8, 17S9, he married Lucy Fitch, a daughter of John Fitch of Philadelphia, inventor and builder of the first steamboat in the world. During the next few years he was engaged in merchandising and manufacturing, meeting with splendid success. About the year 1800 he presented himself as a candidate for orders in the Protestant Episcopal Church and was ordained. He declined several calls to pastorates in Connecticut, as he had already formed a project of coming to Ohio. In the spring of 1802 he came to Ohio on an exploring trip, traveling the first three hundred miles of his journey by stage, walked across the Allegheny Mountains to Pittsburgh, carrying a pack, and continued on foot from that city into Ohio. Being well satisfied with the country he made a survey, selected a desirable location and returned to Connecticut and formed an association of forty members, known as the "Scioto Company," which closed a contract at once for a township of sixteen thousand acres he had selected. In the spring of 1803 he returned, bringing with him artisans, supplies, etc., and settled the new purchase, which is now Worthington. St. John's Episcopal Church was founded there, and Colonel Kilbourne became its rector. He retired from the ministry in 1801 and upon the organization of the State government of Ohio was appointed a civil magistrate and an officer of the militia on the northwestern frontiers. In the spring of 1805 he explored the south shore of Lake Erie and selected the site of Sandusky city. About this time, unsolicited, he received the appointment of United States surveyor of a large portion of the public lands. In 1806 he was appointed one of the first trustees of the Ohio College at Athens. In 1808 he was appointed one of three commissioners to locate the seat of Miami University. About this time he was elected major of the Frontier regiment and soon afterwards was made lieutenantcolonel and then colonel of the regiment.

On the organization of Worthington College in 1812, Colonel Kilbourne was elected president of the corporation and during the same year the President of the United States appointed him a commissioner to settle the boundary between the public lands and the great Virginia Reservation. Immediately after the completion of this service he was elected a member of Congress. Upon his return home from the second session he was unanimously elected colonel and accepted the commission. In the fall of 1811 he was again placed in nomination for Congress and was re-elected by a large majority. He declined a re-nomination at the end of the fourteenth Congress. While a member of that body he paid a great deal of attention to the interests of the great West. He was the first to propose the donation of land to actual settlers in the Northwest Territory, and as chairman of a select committee he drew up and presented a bill for that purpose. At about the commencement of the War of 1812, it being known that Colonel Kilbourne possessed knowledge of manufacturing and had spare capital, he was requested by friends in New York and urged by the President and his cabinet and members of Congress to embark in the manufacture of woolen goods for clothing the army and navy, and he accordingly joined a company for that purpose, investing all his ready capital and incurring large liabilities. The declaration of peace destroyed the demand for such goods as he was manufacturing and the company met with heavy losses. Colonel Kilbournc sustained the factories at Worthington and Steubenville, Ohio, until 1820, in which year he was obliged to close them. He then took up surveying again, as a means of supporting himself and family and during the next twenty years was busily engaged in surveying of all kinds.

In 1823 Colonel Kilbourne was elected to the Ohio Legislature, and later the governor appointed him to select the lands granted by Congress towards the Ohio canal. In 1838 he was again elected to the General Assembly. He was the presiding officer at the great State convention at Columbus on July 1, 1839, for laying the corner-stone of the State capitol of Ohio, and also presided at the noted Whig convention February 22, 1810. He was usually called on to preside over all conventions and meetings which he attended and he delivered many public addresses all over the State. He died at his home in Worthington on December 9, 1850. His first wife having died soon after they came to Ohio, the Colonel was married to Cynthia Goodale in 1808. She was the daughter of Major Nathan Goodale, an officer in the American army during the Revolutionary War, who was afterwards taken prisoner by the Indians near Belpre, Ohio, in 1793, and died in captivity. Her brother, Dr. Lincoln Goodale, gave to Columbus the beautiful park which bears his name. She was the first white female child to set foot on Ohio soil.

Lincoln Kilbourne, son of Colonel James and Cynthia (Goodale) Kilbourne, was born at Worthington, Ohio, October 19, 1810. He was a student at Worthington College until he reached his fifteenth year, then accepted a position as clerk in the store of his uncle, Dr. Lincoln Goodale, at Columbus. In 1835 he became a partner in the store. On the retirement of Dr. Goodale, Lincoln Kilbourne formed the partnership of Fay & Kilbourne, general merchants. This firm was later dissolved, Mr. Kilbourne taking the hardware end of the business. Later it was re-organized as Kilbourne, Kuhns & Company, and thus continued until 1868, when the style of the firm was changed to Kilbourne, Jones & Company, at the head of which Mr. Kilbourne remained until his death. He was one of the incorporators of the Kilbourne & Jacobs Manufacturing Company of the present day, of which he was a director until his death. He was the executor of the Dr. Goodale estate. He was one of six honorary members of the Columbus Board of Trade. He took a deep interest in public affairs, and while his age prevented him from participating in the Civil War, he was active in all measures taken by the city for the support of the Union army and the federal government, and was a liberal supporter of the dependent families of soldiers while the latter were at the front.

On June 13, 1837, Mr. Kilbourne married Jane Evans, at Gambier, Ohio, and to them five children were born. His death occurred in Columbus, February 13, 1891.

The late Colonel James Kilbourne, the second, was reared in Columbus, where he attended the public schools, later studied at Kenvon College, from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1862, and his alma mater conferred the degree of Master of Arts on him in 1865 and the degree of Doctor of Laws in 1910. Harvard University also gave him the degree of Bachelor of Laws in 1868. He was a member of Phi Beta Kappa and Nu Pi Kappa societies and of Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. He was admitted to the bar of Ohio and practiced law in Columbus for some time with success. But it was as a soldier, philanthropist; financier, and manufacturer that he became prominent in the affairs of the capital city and the State of Ohio. He declined a commission as major to enlist as a private in the Eighty-fourth regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, for the Civil War. He was promoted to second lieutenant, first lieutenant and captain in the Ninety-fifth regiment. Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served on the staffs of Gen. J. M. Tuttle, commanding the Third Division, Fifteenth Army Corps, and Gen. John McArthur, commanding the First Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, Army of the Tennessee. He was breveted major, lieutenant-colonel and colonel of United States Volunteers for "gallant and meritorious services during the war." At the outbreak of the Spanish-American War he offered his services to the governor of Ohio in any capacity.

Politically, Colonel Kilbourne had always been aligned with the Democratic party and stood high in its councils. He served as a delegate from his state to several Democratic national conventions, being sent as a delegate from the twelfth district to the conventions of 1892 and 1896 and was a delegate-at-large to the convention of 1900, acting as chairman of the Ohio delegation that year. In 19J8 he was the candidate from the twelfth district for presidential elector. In 1899 the Colonel's name was presented for the nomination for governor at the State convention held at Zanesville, but he was defeated for the nomination by one-half vote, nevertheless in 1901 Colonel Kilbourne was nominated by his party by acclamation for governor.

Colonel Kilbourne founded the firm of Kilbourne & Jacobs Manufacturing Company and had been its president ever since its organization. His faithful and able discharge of the duties of this important post resulted in building up an extensive and constantly growing business, the products of this well known concern going to nearly every countrv in the world. He also served as director of many important corporations and at the time of his death was a member of the board of directors of the Hayden-Clinton and the New First National Banks. He had served as president of the Columbus Board of Trade and was a director in the same from 1887 to 1891. For ten years he was president of the Columbus Public Library, and was an honorary member of the Columbus Trades and Labor Assembly, and of the Columbus Building and Trades Council. He organized the Columbus Children's Hospital and was president of the same for five years, when he declined to serve longer in that capacity, but remained a member of the Board of Trustees. He was a member of the Board of Managers of the Board of Associated Charities; a member of the National Child Labor Association, the National Conference of Charities, the National Civic Federation, the American Society of Political and Social Science, the National Geographic Society, the National Forestry Association, the Ohio Horticultural and Archaeological Society, and vicepresident of the Leslie F. Owen Educational Society. He was president of the Ohio Centennial Commission in 1898, and had been president of the Central Ohio Harvard Club, president of the Kenyon College Association .of Central Ohio, president of the Neighborhood Guild, president of the Columbus, Arlington and Magazine Clubs and a vestryman of St. Paul's Episcopal Church. He was a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, of the Union Veteran Legion, the Loyal Legion., and was the only Democrat ever elected commander of the Ohio Commandery of the latter organization - a compliment to his popularity. He was twice vice-president of the Society of the Army of the Tennessee, and was a member of the Ohio Vicksburg Battlefield Association. In 1893 and 1894 he was president of the Ohio Society of the Sons of the American Revolution. He was Governor of the Ohio Society of the Sons and Daughters of the Pilgrims and a member of the Society of the Descendants of the Mayflower, he being a descendant in the maternal line from Elder William Brewster. The above enumeration speaks volumes for his activity and prominence along all lines of endeavor in charitable and other movements of a laudable nature and proclaims his sterling worth as a man and citizen.

On October 9, 1869, Colonel Kilbourne was united in marriage with Anna Bancroft Wright, eldest daughter of Gen. George Bohan Wright. His widow, three sons and a daughter survive.

Colonel Kilbourne was one of the notable men of his day and generation in Ohio and in every way merited the high esteem in which he was universally held.

JUDGE JOHN ELBERT SATER. While he was a practicing attorney, Judge John Elbert Sater, United States Judge for the Southern District of Ohio, ranked as one of the leaders of the Columbus Bar. On the bench, his serious approach to every problem of law and his laborious study of every case, together with his great legal learning and sound judgment, lead him to decisions, many of which have been and are still cited in other courts as the standards of justice. This has been notably true in the interpretation of new statutes where there was no precedent to guide him. Federal statutes enacted for the better prosecution of the world war.

Judge Sater is a native Buckeye and a descendant of two old American families. The Saters came over from England in Colonial days and settled in Maryland, from whence the grandparents of our subject came to Ohio in pioneer times, settling in Hamilton county. John J. Sater, father of the Judge, who was born in Crosby township, Hamilton county, this State, married Nancy Larason, also a native of that county, to which her family removed from New Jersev.

January 16, 185i. The death of both parents left him an orphan in his boyhood. He was an ambitious lad and was determined to obtain an education. Like Lincoln, he studied what few books he could obtain at home and attended the common schools, and by the time he was sixteen years old he began to teach school. He entered Miami University in 1871, and following the temporary closing of that college two years later, entered Marietta College, from which he was graduated in 1873 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Three years later his alma mater gave him the Master's degree and in 1910, the degree of LI,. D. In 1911, Miami University also conferred upon him the degree of LL. D. Immediately following his graduation in 1875, he accepted the position of Superintendent of Schools at Wauseon, Ohio, serving also as school examiner of Fulton county. In 1881 he resigned these positions to accept the appointment as chief clerk in the office of the State School Commissioner at Columbus. All the duties of this educational work were faithfully performed, but his goal was not here. When he was but twelve years of age he had decided to be a lawyer and, now in the spare moments of clerical work, he began reading law. On June 3, 1884, he was admitted to the bar, ranking third in a class of forty-six, and immediately began the practice of his profession in Columbus, achieving in the next twenty-three years the distinction that marked him as a suitable man for the Federal bench.

It was on March 18, 1907, that President Theodore Roosevelt appointed Mr. Sater to the judicial position which he now occupies. Seven days later the duties of judge were actively assumed. In the President's action there had been a violation of "senatorial courtesy," to which Senator J. B. Foraker, though not personally opposed to Mr. Sater, took exception. The nomination remained unacted upon, and on May 30, 1908, President Roosevelt renewed the nomination, but owing entirely to the differences between Roosevelt and Foraker on the question of courtesy and other matters, the nomination was not confirmed until March 1, 1909. In the meantime, Judge Sater was serving and making an excellent record, and it was from Senator Foraker himself that he received the first word that confirmation would come when it did and as it did, with the unanimous recommendation of the judiciary committee, of which the senator was a prominent member. It had been a period of anxious waiting, but the happy ending strengthened an old friendship, and the most cordial relations continued between the two until the Senator's death.

As related in the chapter on the Bench and Bar, Judge Sater has rendered a notable service on the bench. As indicating the quality of his mental processes, it may be mentioned that, although at the time of his appointment, he had never studied patent law, he heard early in his career three different cases involving the validity of patents for the Buckeye coupler, the dump cars of the Ralston Co. and for making paper bags, rendering opinions that were afterwards affirmed and reported and are now regarded as of the utmost importance. The oleomargarine case, tried here and the bank case in Cincinnati, stand as the greatest of his criminal cases, his opinions in both having been affirmed.

Besides attending to the judicial duties in his own district, Judge Sater has been designated to sit elsewhere, and has held terms of court at Grand Rapids, Toledo, Philadelphia and Nashville, and has sat in special cases at Cleveland and Detroit. He has also often sat as a substitute in the Circuit Court of Appeals. Perhaps his most widely quoted decision was that in which lie held that soldiers in the army, who were about to be transferred to the Mexican border when war was threatened, could not be arrested and detained under a warrant in pursuance of state or municipal law on a charge of breach of the peace; that the military courts had priority and civil courts must wait.

In 1888 Judge Sater was elected a member of the Columbus Board of Education on which he served with fidelity and ability for four and one-half years. He was a member of the board of trustees of the Columbus Public Library in 1888 and 1889 and from 1905 to 1907, inclusive, and was president of the board during the last two years. He has always retained a keen interest in educational affairs and lias done much to give Columbus and Franklin county a better school system. In 1892 he was elected a member of the convention to draft a city charter and lie submitted a minority report from a special committee, which report contained the sliding scale feature which was later incorporated into the law passed by the Legislature. In 1899 he declined an appointment as City Solicitor and in 1903 he declined a nomination for State Senator.

Judge Sater is a thirty-third degree Mason and a member of the Columbus Club and the Queen City Club of Cincinnati. In 1889 Judge Sater married Mary S. Lyon of Wauseon,

Biographical Section 295

HEXRY JUDSOX BOOTH, prominent attorney and man of affairs, of Columbus, where, for over forty years, he has been a prominent factor in the professional and civic life of the city, was born in Lancaster, Ohio, March 14, 1849, the son of Henry Madison and Anna A. (Jones) Booth. On the paternal side he is a collateral descendant of the James (President) Madison family, while on the maternal side he is of the Welsh family of which Lloyd George, Premier of England, is a descendant.

Henry Judson Booth attended the public schools and Denison University (1867-'72) and was graduated from Amherst College with the A.B. degree, class of '73. He was admitted to the Bar of Ohio in May, 1S74, and in August of that year entered the practice of law in Columbus as junior member of the firm of Converse, Woodburg & Booth. The firm later became that of Booth & Keating in 1878; Converse, Booth & Keating in 1879; Booth & Keating in 1887; Booth, Keating & Peters in 1895; Booth, Keating, Peters & Butler in 1902; Booth, Keating & Peters in 1904; Booth, Keating, Peters & Pomerine in 1909 and Booth, Keating, Pomerine & Bulger in 1917.

Mr. Booth was president of the Franklin County Bar Association in 1882; president of the Ohio State Bar Association in 1903-'4, and a vice-president of the American Bar Association in 1904-'o; was a delegate to the Universal Congress of Lawyers and Jurists held at St. Louis in 1904, and is the author of "Law of Street Railways," (1902-1911), the pioneer and still the standard text book on that subject.

Mr. Booth has served as trustee of the Ohio State University, the Columbus Medical College, the Starling Medical College, the Starling-Ohio Medical College, and the Franklin County Law Library. In 1878-79 lie was a member of the Ohio General Assembly; has served as director and president of the Columbus Board of Trade and is now an active member of the Columbus Chamber of Commerce ; was the first president and chairman of the Building Committee of the Columbus Athletic Club, a director of the Columbus Country Club and is a member of the Columbus Club, and the Masonic and Odd Fellows fraternities.

In July, 1876, Mr. Booth was united in marriage with Madge I. Coney, a native of Virginia, but a resident of Columbus at the time. Mrs. Booth is a collateral descendant of the Irish patriot, Robert Emmet. To them have been born the following children : Florence, wife of Charles D. Young, division superintendent of the Pennsylvania railroad, Reading, Pa., where they reside with their children, John Randolph, Marjorie and Anne Foester; George H, who resides with his wife and one child, George H, jr., on South Isle plantation near Clarkton, Virginia; Marjorie Booth Bonnett, who resides on the same plantation with her husband, J. X., and their daughter, Susan; and Herbert Barton, who resides with his wife and their son, George Henry, in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where he is chief accountant for the Pittsburg & Allegheny Telephone Company.

CURTIS CHAXDLER WILLIAMS. Conspicuous in the roll of names of men that have conferred honor upon the profession of the law in central Ohio is that of Judge Curtis Chandler M'illiarns, for manv years one of the influential citizens of Columbus, and whose labors have contributed much to the development and general progress, especially in civic affairs in Franklin county, where he has for some two decades been regarded as a leader of the bar and a citizen of progressive ideas.

Judge Williams is a native of Ohio >ind is of the third generation of his family in this State. His grandfather, Joseph H. Williams, who was a Pennsylvania!!, came to Ohio early in the nineteenth century and settled in Columbiana county, where he became prominent in business and public affairs, and from which he was elected to the House of Representatives and later to the State Senate, making a splendid record as a legislator in those early times. He married Mary Gilson.

The Judge's father, the late Dr. R. G. Williams, who was for many years a successful and well known physician, was born in Columbiana county in 1836. He practiced medicine in Alliance and surrounding towns a long time and served two terms in the Ohio Legislature. His death occurred in Alliance Xovember 9, 1906, at the age of seventy years. He married

Elmira Frost, a native of Columbiana county, daughter of William A. and Beulah (Chandler) Frost, natives of Pennsylvania, and ear.y settlers of Columbiana county.

Curtis C. Williams, after attending the public schools, entered Mount Union College, from which institution he was graduated witn the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1883. and later his alma mater conferred upon him the degree of Master of Arts. Deciding upon the legal profession as a life work he read law in tile office of Converse, Booth & Keating, a well known law firm of Columbus in the early days, and, making rapid progress, was admitted to the bar in 1886, and not long thereafter began the practice of law in Columbus, and in due course of time rose to a position of high rank among the attorneys of central Ohio and has continued to enjoy a large and lucrative practice.

Taking an interest in public affairs Mr. Williams was elected prosecuting attorney of Franklin county in 1891, discharging his duties ably and acceptably, and in 1897 was elected judge of the Common Pleas Court, and continued on the bench until 1903, when he retired and resumed the active practice of law, which he has continued uninterruptedly to the present time, appearing in all the Federal and State courts.

Judge Williams came to the bench peculiarly well fitted for the discharge of his duties, owing to his years of profound study of jurisprudence and varied practice at the bar. His decisions were always characterized by fairness to all concerned and by caution, wisdom and established practice.

The Judge is a member of the Franklin County Bar Association, the Ohio State Bar Association, and the International Law Association. Fraternally, he is a thirty-second degree Mason, belonging to the Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine and the Knights Templar, being past eminent commander of the latter, and is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pvthias and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.

July 5, 1893, Judge Williams was united in marriage with Margaret Owen, of Columbus, and to their union the following children have been born: Elmira Ann, Curtis Chandler, jr., Margaret Lola, Marie Owen and Arthur Frost.

Judge Williams has always been deeply interested in all that pertains to the general welfare of his city, county and state, as well as nation, and his support may always be counted on in movements having for their object the general good of his fellow men.

JUDGE THOMAS M. BIGGER. Judge Thomas M. Bigger, of Columbus, is a native of Pennsylvania, and is descended from an old Pennsylvania family that settled there prior to the Revolution. His great-grandfather, Thomas Bigger, was a native of County Antrim, Ireland, and of Scotch-Irish Presbyterian stock. In 1773 Thomas Bigger, then newly married, decided to come to America and to bring with him his widowed mother, Martha, (who was born about 1695) his unmarried sister, Jane, (who later in America married a man by the name of Walker), and his wife, Elizabeth. Before leaving they received a church certificate from the Presbyterian Church at Ballvmonev certifying to their moral and religious character and this original certificate, signed by the pastor and dated July 21, 1773, is in the possession of Judge Bigger. Thomas Bigger and his party arrived in America late in the year 1773 and in the following spring settled in Washington county, Pennsylvania, not far from I he Virginia line where he had taken up land on a land grant from the colony of Virginia. The Revolutionary War coming on, the frontier was made unsafe by hostile Indians and Bigger, together with three other neighbors, who were living on the extreme frontier, one being named Dillow, erected a small block house for protection against the Indians. This fort was known as Port Dillow. On one occasion the four men with their families took refuge in the block house on an alarm that the Indians wrrv coming from the Ohio country. On the following night Bigger heard or believed lie heard a settler whom he knew and who lived some distance to the cast ride up to the front of the block house and call out that the Indians were crossing tin Ohio river, warning them to flee, as their small fort would not protect them. The next morning Bigger informed his neighbors of his warning and was laughed at. But so impressed was he that he took his family to another settlement farther east, believing that the others would follow. That night tin- Indians came and the entire party in the fort wen massacred, except one boy, who was taken captive and held by the Indians for many years. That neighborhood is today known as the Fort Dillow .settlement. In the settlement to which Bigger had gone for safety, he finally bought a farm from a man named McBride and began farming it. One day General Washington, on a trip made for the purpose of inspecting his land-holdings, visited the settlement and laid claim to the land in possession of twelve or thirteen of the settlers including Bigger as being one of his land grants for services rendered in the French and Indian War. A lawsuit resulted in General Washington's favor and Bigger returned to his own land grant near Fort Dillow where, in 1797. he built his home, which is still standing and occupied by one of his grandchildren, the farm never having passed out of the Bigger family. Thomas Bigger was the father of eleven children, one of whom died in infancy, one at the age of twenty-nine years, and all the others lived to reach ages averaging eighty-one years.

Samuel Bigger, son of Thomas, the pioneer, was born on the old Bigger farm in Pennsylvania about 1785. He married Jane Wills and they also had eleven children, of which several are still living.

Thomas Bigger, father of Judge Thomas M. Bigger, was born in the Bigger homestead in Pennsylvania November 23, 1824. Fie married Esther Donaldson, of the neighboring family of that name, the coming to America of which family probably ante-dated that of the Bigger family. Thomas Bigger died in 1908, his wife in 1863. They had three children, all now living.

Judge Bigger was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, November 12, 1855. He attended the common schools of Pennsylvania and Frankfort Springs, Pa., Academy. In the winter of 1779 he entered Hopewell College in Harrison county, Ohio, and completed his literary education at the University of Wooster, where he graduated with the class of '83, with the degree of A. B. and two years later received the M. A. degree from that college. Leaving Wooster lie taught at Hopedale College for a year, during which time lie also read law.

In 1881 he came to Columbus and finished his legal study and was admitted to the bar in October, 1885. At Hopedale he had studied stenography and becoming an expert stenographer lie supported himself in Columbus while preparing for the bar and after his admission while getting a start as a practitioner by teaching stenography.

In April, 1891, Judge Bigger went on the bench of the Police Court of this city and served as Judge of that Court until February, 1897, and then resigned to go upon the bench of the Common Pleas Court of Franklin county, to which bench he had been elected in November, 1896. By successive re-elections Judge Bigger has since continued on the Common Pleas bench, a period of over twenty years, he now being, in point of length of service on the bench, the oldest of the six Judges of that court.

In 1892 Judge Bigger was united in marriage with Nellie Miskimen, of Newcomerstown. Tuscarawas countv, Ohio, the daughter of Daniel Miskimen, a veteran of the Civil War.

To the Judge and his wife three daughters have been born: Esther L.. graduate of Ohio State University and of Radcliff (Harvard) College, and in 1917-18 taking post-graduate work at Columbia University; Mary E., a graduate of Ohio State University, and in 1917-18 taking post-graduate work in Columbia University; Jean W.. a student of Ohio State University of the class of '17.

CYRUS HULING. For nearly forty years Cyrus Huling has been prominent in the affairs of the city of Columbus. As a lawyer, public official and in business he has been a conspicuous figure and one of the leading spirits in the growth of the city during his residence here. Mr. Huling came of Revolutionary stock, his first progenitor in this country being James Huling, who migrated to the then English colonies in North America about 1650, coming from England and settling at Newport, R. I., where he died March 6, 1686.

The Huling family were active Huguenots in France and Med from that country after the massacre of St. Bartholomew in 1572, and scattered to various countries of Europe, one branch going to England, a descendant of whom was the James Huling above. Walton Huling, the great-grandfather of the subject of this sketch, "went west" from Huling Corners, at Newuort about 1750 and located in Duchess county. New York, where he and a brother John Huling, were living when the Revolution came on, and the two brothers were the twenty-third and twenty-fourth signers of the Whig Pledge as it was known, adopted ten davs after the battle of Lexington. This was a pledge drafted in the town of New York and sent a'l over the colony for signatures. It bound the signers "under the ties of religion, honor and love to our country to adopt and to endeavor to carry into execution whatsoever measures may be recommended by the Continental Congress or resolved upon bv our Provisional Convention for the purpose of preserving our constitution and of opposing the several arbitrary Acts of the British Parliament." - "and that we will in all things follow the advice of our general committee representing the purposes aforesaid, the preservation of peace and good order and the safety of individuals and property."

Walton Huling served as a private in the Fifth regiment, Duchess county, New York, militia in the war of the Revolution and died at Half Moon, New York, in 1823. His son, Alexander Huling, served in the war of 1812, came to Ohio about 1820 and located as a farmer near North Prairie, where he died in 1828. Alexander's son, Nathan Huling, born in 1803, married Eliza Wyekoff. To them eight children were born - three girls and five boys, the youngest of whom (Cyrus) was born on a farm in Seneca county, Ohio, August 10, 1851. His mother died when he was less than one year old and his father when he was at the age of four.

Peter Brayton, then a prominent citizen living in the old Indian town of Springville, Seneca county, became his guardian and he spent his younger boyhood days until seventeen years of age as a farmer boy in that vicinity. At the age of seventeen he "went west'' on horseback locating at Monticello, Illinois, in which vicinity lie worked one year as a day laborer and one year as a renter on farms in that vicinity. He expected to be a farmer for life, but returned to Ohio to spend the winter of '70 and '71 and, becoming interested in school matters, attended Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, meanwhile teaching school most of the winters, and graduated with the class of 1878 at that institution. Upon the establishment at the Ohio Wesleyan University of a Chapter of the Phi Beta Kappa Fraternity, which is composed of honor students in the various institutions where it exists, Mr. Huling, on his record, was elected to membership therein. Mr. Huling was principal of the Marys ville, Ohio, High School for twi years, 1877 and 1879, and during his leisure moments read law and made up the studies of the senior year in his college course. In 1879 he was admitted to the bar with the first class under the law providing for admission to the liar by the Supreme Court only. He entered into a partnership in the practice of the law with John R. Bowdle, a college classmate, under the firm name of Bowdle & Huling, and located in what was then the First National Bank building south of State street on High, from whence they moved to the Denig-Ferson building in 1881. This building was then so far out of the center of the city and the law business district that the move was esteemed a bold venture. But it succeeded. Mr. Huling made rapid strides in his acquaintance in the city and early took a prominent place at the bar. In 1885 he was elected Prosecuting Attorney of the county as a Republican, the county then beina: Democratic by about three thousand majority. He was the second Republican Prosecuting Attorney elected in the county, Hon. George K. Nash having been the first. The election in 1885 was a very exciting one. A United States Senator was to be elected from Ohio and the contest was between Senator Sherman, Republican, and John R. McLean, then editor and owner of the Cincinnati Enquirer, Democrat. The election was hotly contested and the count in the State and especially in Franklin county was very close. There were a number of irregularities in returns from several precincts and the Board of Canvassers consisting of Justices Fritchev and Mat Martin and John Joyce, Clerk of tile Courts, occupied three days hearing counsel for opposing political parties and adjourned on Saturday night until Monday morning without finishing the count. When tin- returns were opened on Monday morning it was found that the tally-sheet in Precinct A of the Thirteenth Ward had been tampered with by the addition of three hundred tallies to tile Democratic candidates. Out of this a contest at oner arose as to whether these tallies should lie counted, but the Canvassing Board decided that they should not and counted the >te as originally made up by returning officers.

This circumstance and the fact that it might have controlled the election of the United States Senator threw the whole community and the State and to a large extent the country into a paroxysm of rage at the bold attempt to carry the election by such means. Mr. Hilling was elected on the face of the returns and at once became a target of the opposing party and its press. There followed two or more years of prosecution of persons accused of the commission of the crime, during which period Mr. Huling was roundly abused by one side and praised for his firmness and ability in prosecuting the eases by the other.

Biographical Section 299

the identity of the persons committing the crime ; two indictments were returned by different grand juries of persons accused thereof, and one case was tried to a jury in the spring and summer of 1887, occupying more than three months in its trial. Mr. Hilling had as his assistants in this case the Hon. Allen G. Thurman, then Senator from the State of Ohio, Judge George K. Nash, Col. J. T. Holmes, and Luther Laflin Mills of Chicago, then one of the most eminent lawyers and orators of the west.

Another celebrated case of that day, in which Mr. Huling figured as prosecutor, was that of the Elliotts on account of the murder of Osborne during a gunning expedition wherein the editors of rival Sunday papers figured. Like the tally-sheet trial, but in a less degree, this was a bitterly contested case and occupied a number of weeks.

Mr. Huling was re-elected Prosecuting Attorney in 1888 at the Presidential election when the county was Democratic by about twenty-five hundred, mainly on his reputation in the tally-sheet case. He was a fearless prosecutor but lenient and kindly to persons charged with crime where reformation was promised.

Leaving the office of the Prosecuting Attorney, January 1, 1892, he entered a partnership witli Col. J. T. Holmes, with offices in the old bank building mentioned herein. This partnership continued for three years, when, desiring to leave this location, the partnership was dissolved, and Mr. Huling and Mr. Frank A. Davis became the first co-tenants in the then newly erected Wyandotte building on West Broad street. For fifteen years after leaving the office of Prosecutor Mr. Huling was engaged in the active practice of law, being engaged in many important cases tried in the courts during that time. Becoming interested in other business outside of the law and tiring of continual labors at the counsel table, he gradually withdrew from the practice of the law, and for the last ten years has devoted his energies almost entirely to other business, in which he has had remarkable success. He is interested in a number of leading corporations now doing business in the city of Columbus and elsewhere, his chief interests at this time being as a director of The Columbus McKinnon Chain Company, President of The Broadway Company, which owns the Seneca Hotel, and President of The Pittsburgh and Allegheny Telephone Company of Pittsburgh, Pa. He is also a director in a number of Columbus corporations.

As a citizen Mr. Huling has been as ardent and loyal as he was as a public official. Frank, fearless and honest, he has never failed in his advocacy of the cause he believed to be right and he has rendered active service in many different fields. For a number of years he was a leader in the campaigns of the Republican party, both in his own county and in the State; was chairman of the State Central Committee; was delegate to the National Conventions of his party and always an upholder of its principles.

He is a member of Magnolia Lodge F. & A. M. No. 20 of Columbus, of Mt. Vernon Commanderv. of Scioto Consistory, Aladdin Shrine, and of all the intervening Masonic bodies. He is also a member of Excelsior Lodge of Odd Fellows, Franklin Lodge K. of P., Columbus Lodge of Elks, The Columbus Club, the Scioto Country Club, Columbus Country Club, the Athletic Club, and he is affiliated with many other organizations in the city and State.

Mr. Huling was married in 1875 to Miss Rosa Marguerite Hack, a graduate of Ohio Wesleyan University. They have three children, Mary Wyckoff, now Mrs. William B. Woodbury, Helen, now the wife of Dr. Arthur W. Newell, and Frank C. Huling. who was admitted to the bar and who was until recently a partner witli his father in the law business, but now manager of the Seneca Hotel.

Mr. Huling is not a church member, but served on the building committee of the First Baptist Church in 1898, contributing largely to the erection of the Broad street edifice and acted as treasurer of the organization during that period.

HON. JAMES EDWIN CAMPBELL. Hon. James Edwin Campbell was born at Middletown, Butler county, Ohio, July 7th, 1813, and is descended from two old American families. His paternal grandfather served as a soldier in the American Revolution for six years, while both his grandfathers were soldiers of the War of 1812. His father, Dr. Andrew Campbell, a physician and surgeon of note in Ohio, was born at Middletown, Ohio, June 22, 1807, of Scotch parents. He spent his youth at Franklin, Ohio, where he secured an excellent english and classical education, graduating from the Medical College of Ohio in 1830, making a special study of surgery and in 1831 began the practice of medicine and sur- gery at Middletown, removing to Hamilton in 18f8. His death occurred at the old Campbell home at Franklin September 5, 1851. His skill in surgery and his advanced ideas in both branches of the profession gained for him more than usual prominence and he was regarded as one of the medical leaders of his time in the west. In March, 1835, Dr. Campbell married Laura P. Reynolds, daughter of John P. Reynolds, sr., pioneer merchant of Middletown, Ohio, and a former publisher in the east. Mrs. Campbell was descended from an old English family which was established in Massachusetts prior to 1636, the family later removing to Wetherfield, Conn., and from there to Ohio in pioneer days. Mrs. Campbell was a collateral descendant of Captain John Parker, who commanded the American forces at Lexington.

James Edwin Campbell became a school teacher at the age of eighteen years and while teaching he read law. For a period of over a year he served in the Mississippi Squadron of the United States navy during the Civil War, being dicharged for disability, his health having been impaired by service in a malarious climate. After his recovery he completed his law studies and was admitted to the bar in 1865, and two years later entered the practice at Hamilton. In 1876 he was elected Prosecuting Attorney of Butler county and re-elected in 1878. During early manhood Mr. Campbell was a Republican, but in 1872 he supported Greeley for the presidency and since then has been a member of the Democratic party. In 1882 he was elected to Congress from the Butler county district and re-elected in 1884 and 1886. In 1889 he was elected Governor of Ohio by a majority of over ten thousand votes over the late Governor J. B. Foraker. The late President McKinley defeated Mr. Campbell for Governor in 1891, and in 1895 he was defeated for election to the same office by Governor A. S. Bushnell. In 1906 he was defeated for Congress and in 1908 for the United States Senate. In 1907 Governor Harris appointed him a member of the Commission to revise and consolidate the general statute laws of Ohio. Mr. Campbell practiced his profession in Hamilton until 1907, in which year he located in Columbus, where he practices law and attends to his many other interests. He holds membership in the G. A. R. and the Masonic and B. P. O. E. Lodges.

January t, 1870, Mr. Campbell was united in marriage with Maude Elizabeth Owens, daughter of J. E. Owens, a leading manufacturer of Hamilton. Mr. Owens was a native of Wales and his wife was of Welsh descent. Mr. Campbell's wife died July 10th, 1913, leaving four children and a grandchild. The children are Elizabeth Campbell Taylor, wife of John M. Taylor of Columbus, Jessie Campbell Coons, wife of Dr. J. J. Coons of Columbus. Andrew O. Campbell, a manufacturer of Columbus, and Captain James E. Campbell, jr., now with his regiment in France. The grandchild is Campbell Taylor, a sophomore at Harvard.

JUDGE FRANK RATHMELL. Proper intellectual discipline, thorough professional knowledge and the possession and utilization of the qualities and attributes essential to success have made Judge Frank Rathmell of Columbus, at present on the Common Pleas bench, eminent in bis chosen calling - the legal profession, and for many years he has stood among the scholarly and enterprising lawyers in a community long distinguished for the high order of its legal talent.