Minneapolis City (part 53 of 80)

The trade of- this company was very large, as has been indicated, and its demands upon the time and energies of its president and manager were very numerous and exacting. Nevertheless, he found opportunity to give attention to other enterprises and help to make them successful also. He was a charter member of the directorate of the Swedish-American Bank when it was founded in 1S88, and remained on the board until the bank was absorbed by the Northwestern National. He is a member of the Minneapolis Chamber of Commerce and the Minneapolis club, serving as president of the latter in 1898. He still holds his membership in that club, and in addition belongs to the Intci-lachen, Minikahda and Lafayette clubs.

Wliile he is not an active partisan and has never held or desired a public office of any kind, Mr. Amsden believes firmly in the principles and theories of government proclaimed by the Republican party, and supports that organization in all state and national elections. In local affairs he considers first and only the good of his community and the welfare of its residents, and seeks always to advance them in all his public declarations and acts, although he is modest and unostentatious in doing so.

Like most other men born and reared in the West and moved by its invigorating inspirations, ^Ir. Amsden is fond of outdoor life. He finds great enjoyment, profitable recreation and full relief from business cares in horseback riding, and is a devotee of that form of pleasure and improvement. In all the relations of life he is thoroughly upright and straightforward, and in social relations he is a very genial, companionable and entertaining gentleman.

William Hood Dunwoody

The late William H. Dunwoody, whose death occurred at his home in Minneapolis on February 8, 1914, was a most useful, productive and highly esteemed resident of this city for fortythree years, and during all of that period one of its leading business men and citizens. It was here that he lived his life. Here, also, he accumulated the bulk of his fortune; and here he has left the greater part of it to be used in connection with works of practical value to the people of his city.

The story of Mr. Dunwoody's life is best told in tlie following thoughtful, appreciative and discriminating account of his career, which was published in "The Northwestern Miller" of this city in its issue of February 11, 1914:

"To few men is it given to see the beginning, the gradual growth and the ample fruition of an enterprise. Usually Paul plans, Apollos waters, but neither of them reaps the fruits. In the case of the late William Hood Dunwoody, who died in Minneapolis on Sunday, February 8, the good fortune was };ivcn him not only to bear an important part in the initial work, the foundation building of the milling business in Minneapolis, but to remain an active participant in its enormous activity until death called him: to both sow and reap; to wisely plan and to share generously in the legitimate rewards of his foresight.

Mr. Dunwoody was a pioneer in the creation of the world's greatest milling center. He was a contemporary of Governor Cadwallader C. Washburn, founder of the Washburn plants, John A. Christian, George H. Christian, Charles A. Pillsbury, .Tohn .S. Pillsbury and all those famous millers who in the seventies performed such valuable service in establishing the organizations which have built up the reputation of spring wheat Hour and extended its consumption throughout the world. Of these men, all of them great in their individual ways, Mr. George H. Christian alone now survives.

Moreover, Mr. Dunwoody's career was continued through the coming and going of other notable millers whose work made an impress upon the Northwest, and his influence extended throughout many other activities that were a part of the life of a city which was but a village when he first came to it; railway, financial, elevator interests all received his attention, and in all that makes the inner and truer life of a city, its benevolences, improvements, art and learning, his beneficent assistance was never lacking.

He was born in Chester, Pennsylvania, on March 14, 1841. At the age of eighteen he went to work in the grain and feed store of his uncle, Ezekiel Dunwoody. in Philadelphia. Some years later he became senior partner in the firm of Dunwoody & Robertson, doing business in the same city and in the same line.

Mr. Dunwoody came to Minneapolis in 1809, and began his operations by purchasing flour for eastern connections. Two years later he became a miller, as a member of the firm of Tifi'any, Dunwoody & Co., operating the Arctic mill, and of H. Darrow & Co., the Union mill, both concerns being under his personal management.

In 1877 Governor Cadwallader C. Washburn, having completed what was then regarded as a phenomenally large flour mill, induced Mr. Dunwoody to go to Great Britain for the purpose of establishing direct connections with the foreign markets. TTntil that time spring wheat flour had never been sold abroad direct from the mill, and it is doubtful if any considerable quantity had found its way there indirectly. Governor Washburn said to him: 'Go to England. Start the people there buying our flour, and where stand these mills, which now seem so large, will be erected others far surpassing tlieni in importance and capacity.'

The prophetic vision of the great [)ioneer miller was not mistaken. Mr. Dunwoody proceeded to Great Britain and his mission was successful. It was not accomplished, however, without much opposition and discouragement, but Mr. Dunwoody's superb patience and great tact were fully equal to the demands of the situation, and he established connections which were destined to be a tremendous force in the development of the milling industry in the Northwest. For many years the export flour trade was a very important factor in the operation of the Minneapolis mills.

In May, 1878, a fire broke out in the Washburn mills, resulting in a great explosion which completely destroyed their efficiency. With indomitable resolution the plants were quickly rebuilt on a much larger scale of capacity than before. So great was the possible outturn for that period in the milling business that doubts were generally expressed whether the enterprise could possibly succeed, owing to its largely increased capacity. Such suggestions had no influence whatever in curbing the ambitions of the founder and his associates. The latter, in 1879. consisted of Mr. Dunwoody, John Crosby and Charles J. Martin.

On the death of Governor Washburn, which occurred in 1883, the milling plants passed into the possession of the C. C. Washburn Flouring Mills company, consisting of the estate and its heirs. This ownership continued for almost twenty years. Meanwhile the properties were leased to Washburn Crosby and Company, of which firm Jlcssrs. Dunwoody, Crosby and Martin were members. During this period Mr. Dunwoody was actively engaged in the business, although Jlr. John Crosby was at its head.

The capacity of the plants leased by the firm was then eight tliousand barrels. Mr. Crosby died in 1887. In 1888 Mr. Dunwoody. being in ill health, temporarily retired from business, but resumed his connection the following year as vice-president of the Washburn-Crosby Company, a position he held until the time of his death. For the past quarter of a century Mr. James S. Bell has been the directing head of the company, and Mr. Dunwoody's relations with him continued as they had been with his predecessors, Mr. Crosby and Governor Washburn.

For many years Mr. Dunwoody has been known as a man of great wealth and eminent in many directions besides milling, but it is as a miller that his greatest claim to distinction and success will rest. The two epochs which stand out in his career above the long, steady years of constant and beneficent activity are those of 1877, when he went to Europe to establish a direct export trade, and of 1899, when he purchased the milling plants from the heirs of the Washburn estate and subsequently transferred them to their present ownership.

This latter episode in his life deserves especial mention, not only because his action was of the utmost importance to the milling interests of Minneapolis, but because it was indicative of his character, showing his willingness to sacrifice personal inclination and ease of mind in order to be of service to others.

At that time a strong effort was being made to bring all the larger mills of the country into one huge corporation, having in mind the creation of a flour trust that ultimately would be able practically to control competition and regulate the output. Thomas A. Mclntyre, of New York, was the promoter of this undertaking and he had succeeded in securing the mills of Superior and Duluth, as well as several in Milwaukee, Buffalo and New York. He was exceedingly anxious to purchase the Washburn mills and include them in his combination, a proposal tliat seemed the easier of accomplishment because they were owned in Philadelphia by the Washburn heirs, and the Minneapolis company was operating them under lease.

and during that time liad carried heavy burdens of responsibility. He was already in possession of ample means and had nothing to gain by the jeopardy of new enterprises and a fresh start in milling. His tastes and personal inclinations were toward a life of retirement and comparative ea.se, and he had every justification for permitting the sale of the property to proceed w-ithout intervention.

Believing that the formation of the proposed combination was against public policy and would prove a serious detriment to the development of the Minneapolis industrj', and a particular hazard to those who found work in these mills, he put aside his personal desires, and, by making the purchase of the plants, placed them beyond the reach of ilr. Jlclntyre, while at the same time he deliberately put himself in the harness of active business for the renuiinder of his life.

The foregoing is a relation of the leading events of ^Ir. Dunwoody's long career in the milling business, during which he held a reputation for business honor and probity which was spotless. Other interesting chapters might be written concerning his connection with northwestern railway and banking interests in which he was prominent. He was chairman of the board of the Northwestern National Bank of Minneapolis, an establislinient in which lie took great pride and which he had done much to upbuild. In many other institutions he was a director, and in all with which he was connected he was held in the especial regard and esteem of his associates. Only recently he contributed one hundred thousand dollars toward the funds being raised to build a great art institute in Minneapolis.

Mrs. Dunwoody was Katie L. Patten, of Philadelphia, wlio survives him. For some years Mr. and Mrs. Dunwoody liave lived in the summer on the shore of Lake Minnetonka and in winter at 'Overlook,' their beautiful Minneapolis residence, which, standing high on the hill, overlooks the great city to the wealth and prosperity of which ilr. Dunwoody contrib'.ited so greatly.

At a very notable dinner, probably the most impressive ever held in Minneapolis, given by the directors of the Northwestern National Bank to Mr. Dunwoody and .Judge Koon on January 4, 1912, in congratulating Mr. Dunwoody on his continued activity and his youthfulness of heart, one of the speakers quoted the following lines by Oliver WciiiUll Holmes:

Call him not old, whose visionary brain Holds o'er the past its undivided reign. For him in vain the envious seasons roll Who bears eternal summer in his soul. H yet the minstrel's song, the poet's lay. Spring with her birds, or heavenly dreams of art. Stir the warm life-drops creeping round his heart - Turn to the record where his years aie told - Count his gray hairs - they cannot nuike him old!

Despite his perennial interest in the atl'airs of his world; the strong and abiding friendships which grew up between him and the young men who came to take up relationship with him where their fathers, who had passed on, left olf; the rational care which he took of his health and the strong tics of alfection which constantly brought into his life reserves of strength, Mi'. Dunwoody began to grow weaker some months ago. A recurrent fever which baffled the skill of the best physicians in the country afflicted liini and sappeil his strength.

to Philadelphia with Mrs. Dunwoody to consult the eminent physician in whom he had great confidence, Dr. S. Weir Mitchell. This journey proved unavailing and he returned to 'Overlook,' where he gradually grew more and more feeble, until last Sunday he peacefully passed to his rest.

For one who knew Mr. Dunwoody intimately and for many years, as the writer did. it is exceedingly difficult to write concerning his character without dwelling more upon his acts of beneficence and the unostentatious good he did than upon his achievements in business and his material success, which was very great, but no greater than he deserved. To do this, howevei-, would be to disregard the most emphatic wish that, had he the power to speak, he would most certainly express, and this would seem unjustifiable.

Mr. Dunwoody was one of the very few people in this world who 'do good by stealth, and blush to find it fame.' The most unpretentious of men, it seemed actually to pain him to be praised for his innumerable kind and generous acts, and, as far as possible, he avoided receiving thanks or acknowledgments. His gentleness, his thoughtfulness for others, his readiness to help in time of need, his true kindliness of heart and his sympathy with those in distress or trouble, made him sincerely beloved by all who knew him, but he was so exceedingly diffident about being given credit for what he did that very few indeed, even among his most intimate associates, realized to what extent his acts of benevolence reached. Probably his devoted wife, who shared in all his good works and was the companion of a lifetime, did not know more than part of his good deeds, for they were past enumeration and manifested daily in innumerable ways. Verily 'there is that scattereth and yet increaseth' and this great but humble-minded miller exemplified the truth of the proverb.

In the garden of 'Overlook' there lies an ancient millstone taken from the mill that he helped to make famous. Its owner put it there, doubtless, to remind himself and others of the industry to which he belonged and which he so highly honored by his career. It was a quiet acknowledgment of his indebtedness to industry and trade for his success, but whatever that debt might have been, as he regarded it, he has paid it back ten thousandfold by what he has done for others and the bcautif4il and enduring example of his unostentatious and blameless life.

In the disposition of his property Mr. Dunwoody remembered the charitable, educational and religious institutions of the city in which he lived so long and to whose welfare he was ardently devoted with great liberality. After making bounteous provision for his widow, relatives, friends, asso-

To the Uunwoody Home, for the care of convalescent patients from Philadelphia, to be located on the old Dunwoody farm at Newton Square, Delaware county, Pennsylvania, $',000,000.

To "The William Hood Dunwoody Industrial Institute," a school where handicrafts and useful trades will be taught, with special emphasis on those relating to milling and machinery, the residue of the estate, estimated at $1,000,000 to $3,000,000.

Captain Robert K. Alcott

Independence and originality of thought characterized the life of the late Rev. A. N. Alcott, and the same characteristics mark the individuality of his son. Captain Robert K. Alcott, attorney at law. The father was a clergyman who, entering lirst the Presbyterian church, gave earnest service to that faith in its pulpits, until he could no longer abide conscientiously by its tenets, and then became as widely known as a minister of the Universalist denomination. He was born near Gowanda, New York, December 6, 18,38. In due time he entered and was graduated from Haysville Academy, in Ohio ; took the theological course in Washington and Jefferson University, W^ashingttin, Pennsylvania, and being ordained a clergyman in the Presbyterian church, held pastorates in that denomination in Ohio until 1882. He was pastor of a Universalist church in Kalamazoo, Michigan, from 1882 to 1887, then was pastor of tlie principal Universalist church in Elgin, Illinois, until 1898, wlien he came to Minneapolis to be pastor of All Souls Universalist church, in the old and cultured University district of the city. Here both Mr. Alcott and his wife were intensely interested in sociological as well as church work. Mr. Alcott possessed varied talents, and in addition to his ministerial work had taken special courses in the University of Chicago. He had been admitted to the bar in Michigan, and there had tecome well known as an eloquent speaker and debater, ever ready to sustain his views in politics as well as religion and sociology. It was his activity in this manner that led him to accept a nomination for Congress as a Prohibition candidate, and it was the same earnest advocacy which made him editor of a paper. In 1896, when the silver issue became paramount, Jtr. Alcott campaigned through Illinois on the money question as a supporter of the principles of the Republican party. Mr. Alcott continued as pastor of the All Souls church in Minneapolis until 1905, when he went to Webster City, Iowa, and later to Illinois, where he died December 26, 1910.

Captain Robert K. Alcott was bom in Shelby. Ohio, October 28, 1878. His early schooling was in the common schools of Kalamazoo and Elgin, there graduating from the high school in 1895. He went to Leland Stanford University, Palo Alto, California and entered the freshman class. There world happenings turned him from college to military life. With fifty other students young Alcott enlisted 1898 in Company K, First California Volunteer Infantry and went to the Philippines where he spent a year and a half. His regiment was among the first of the United States troops sent, and so he was at the battle and capture of Manila. He saw a great deal of

The First California and the Thirteenth Minnesota regiments went to the Philippines together, and throughout their service were thrown closely together, sustaining exceptionally friendly relations. So that when young Alcott returned and found his father had meanwhile become a resident of Minneapolis, he came to this city and in 1900 entered the University of Minnesota, graduating in law in 1904. Meanwhile, spun-ed by his service in the Philippines, he had become interested in military affairs, and it needed little urging on the part of his friends of the Thirteenth Minnesota to induce him to enlist in the First Regiment, Minnesota National Guard. He is a military enthusiast, who believes in making the militia so proficient as to be ready at any moment to step into active service of the nation. He has advanced steadily from the ranks, being now captain of Company K, one of the most proficient units of the crack regiment of the state.

Captain Alcott was for three years in partnership with Milan Velikanje, who is now in Washington. He is now in general practice in partnership with Frank E. Reed with offices in the Century building. He has taken an active part in politics, and is recognized as a forceful and persuasive orator. He has campaigned in the interest of James C. Haynes for mayor, for George R. Smith for congress, and for Governor A. O. Eberhart. He was an incorporator and is an instructor in the Minnesota College of Law. in which he lectures on contracts, domestic relations and many other subjects.

He manied Josephine E. Tunier, daughter of Joseph Turner, a native of Minneapolis and a former student in the University. They have no children. Tlicy are affiliated with the Cliristian church.

Judge Eli B. Ames

.Judo'e Ames established his residence in Minneapolis more than half a century ago and became one of the representative pioneer members of the bar of the state. He held various positions of distinctive public trust, and prior to coming to Minnesota had sen'ed as United States consul to Hamburg, Germany. His title of judge was gained through his effective service on the bench of the circuit court in Springfield, 111., and he not only lent dignity and honor to the legal profession in Minnesota but also did well his part in the furtherance of civic and material enterprises and measures that conserved the development and upbuilding of his home city and state. He was summoned to eternal rest on the 12th of February, 1897, at the venerable age of seventy-six years.

A scion of the staunchest of New England stock, and a representative of a family that was founded in America in the colonial era of our national history, .Judge Eli Bradford Ames claimed the fine old Green Mountain state as the place of his nativity. He was born at Colchester, Chittenden county, Vermont, and in his native state he gained his preliminary educational discipline, which was supplemented by attending various educational institutions in the city »f Chicago, Illinois, to which state his parents removed when he was a youth. He gave close and ambitious attention to the study of law and was finally admitted to the bar of Illinois, in which state ho attained to no little ))rominence in his chosen profession. He began practice at Hennepin, Illinois, later maintained liis professional headquarters in Springfield, the capital of the state, and his practice in time covered many parts of that commonwealth. At Springfield lie served si.x years as i)rivate secretary to Governor Mattison, and in that city he became a leading representative of his [irofession, as contemporary of many distinguished lawyers wliose names later became conspicuous in national affairs. I'nder the administration of President Pierce Judge Ames was appointed United States consul at Hamburg, Germany, where he remained two years and where he gave a most able and popular administration of the diplomatic affairs entrusted to his supervision. He always thereafter reverted with special satisfaction and pleasure to his experience during this period of service, and his cherished and devoted wife likewise found their sojourn in Germany one attended with unqualified pleasure and gracious associations, so that she too reverts to the experience with marked satisfaction, after the lapse of many years. At the expiration of two years .Judge Ames returned to America, primarily for the purpose of organizing and establishing a line of steamships to play between New York and Hamburg, Bremen having previously been tlie principal German port' of the trans-Atlantic service. He was successful in the organization of the company in New York and became one of its stockholders and officials, as representative of the German capital involved. Judge Ames became well known in the city of \Va.shington and numbered among his jiersonal friends many of the leading pul)lic men of the day.

Alfred Ames, M. D., a brother of the Judge, had established himself in the practice of his profession in Minneapolis in the pioneer days, and to this city the Judge himself came in the year 1857. He engaged in the practice of law, and became one of the leading members of the Minneapolis bar, but he soon found it expedient to give his attention largely to the insurance business, as representative of a numlier of the strongest of the eastern insurance corporations. In this field he built up a large and prosperous business and he continued the enterprise for many years.

In politics Judge Ames ever accorded staunch allegiance to the Democratic party and he was an effective exponent of its principles and policies. He served with marked loyalty and distinction as a member of the state legislature but never manifested special ambition for political preferment. He was a large stockholder and a director of the First National Bank of Minneapolis and encountered large financial loss in the involuntary liquidation of this institution. This bank was organized in 1864 and he was a member of its first board of directors. Judge Ames ever manifested a most lively interest in all that concerned the progress and prosperity of his home city and he served as mayor of Minneapolis in 1870-71. The Judge was afliliated with the Masonic fraternity and his religious faith was that of the Protestant Episcopal church, of which his widow likewise is a devout communicant, as a member of the parish of St. Mark's church.

In 1857 was solemnized the marriage of Judge to Miss Delia Payne, of Sacketts Harbor, New York, and their wedded life was one of ideal order, marked by mutual devotion and most gracious associations. Mrs. Ames still resides in Minneapolis, where she has a wide circle of friends, and the fine city is endeared to her by many hallowed memories. Judge and Mrs. Ames became the parents of three children, - Mrs. Alice D. Hasey, who remains with her venerable mother; Mrs. .'\delaide Haven, who likewise resides in Minneapolis;

Mr. Brecke is a native of Iowa, and a product of the educational systems of two states. He was born in Winnishiek, Iowa, March 25, 1862, the son of Andrew and Anna Brecke, pioneers of Iowa who had come to that state in 1847 and had gone forward to leadership in one of the most prosperous communities of that great farming state. The boy Otto lived on the farm until he was thirteen years old, and was a pupil in the country school. His next step in schooling was in Luther College, in Decorah, Iowa, from which he was graduated in 1881, winning the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and later took a post-giaduate course in the University of Minnesota.

His university course completed, Mr. Brecke entered the busines's world, and shortly became attracted to the ocean transportation business. By the early nineties he had become agent of steamship lines, and was soon known widely as representative in the Northwest of the great White Star line. He continued in this position for ten years. Then, with the organization of the International Mercantile Marine Line, Mr. Brecke was made Northwest agent of this great tranportation system, embracing the White Star line, the Atlantic Transport line, the Red Star line, the Holland-American line, the Leyland line, and the Dominion line. The headquarters of this agency were in Minneapolis, but its territory included U])per Wisconsin, Upper Michigan, Minnesota, the Dakotas, Montana, Idaho and Washington and Oregon. The volume of traffic originating in this great region and bound toward Europe is enormous, and it is all closely related to the degree of development of the Northwest itself, so Mr. Breck may be said to have his finger on the pulse of Northwest prosperity.

In the United States, as in many other countries, "the conservative temperament." as it is called, has rendered considerable service in preserving and advancing libertj- and promoting progress. But its movements have always been slow, its pathway has been carefully selected, its spirit has been one of endurance rather than effort, and its achievements have been more in the line of holding on than of going forward. Enthusiasm, enterprise, vehemence, experiment and adventure - these have rendered services far greater and much more valuable, for they are the attributes which carry the standards of progress and human happiness through every difficulty, over every obstacle and into every field of endeavor.

Particularly does the history of our country, esjiecially in the great Northwest, show this to be true; and the men who laid the foundations of civilization, and those w-ho have aided in erecting the superstructure of present day conditions in the locality of St. Anthony Falls on the Mississippi river, have from the start been ]iossesse<l of these attributes in a meas\ire and with a force that have crowded the growth and development w-hich, under the other potency counts far centuries in its record, into less than two generations of human life and effort.

Among the men of the earlier days in this region, and among those whose potency and usefuhiess in development and improvement continued to our time, the late John De Laittre was one of the most prominent, and his work for tlie advance of the region was among the most considerable done by individual promoters. He came to Minneapolis when tlie city was in its infancy, and lie lived in it and contributed to its growtli and advancement until it became a metropolis of over 300.000 inhabitants, an industrial and commercial center of commanding magnitude and a civic and municipal entity of great power and inlluence, holding tributary to its continuing growth not only all the surrounding country, many leagues in extent, but a large portion of the civilized world.

John De Laittre's American ancestors were French Huguenots who fled from religious persecution in their native land after the edict of Xantes was revoked by Louis Le Grand in 16S5, and settled on Frenchmen's bay on the southern coast of Maine while that part of America was still under French control. Mr. De Laittre's life began at Ellsworth. Maine, not far from this bay, on March 5, 1832. He was a son of Charles and Rosalie L. (Desisles) De Laittre, persons of fair prosperity for that time and locality, and obtained his education, such as he had opportunity to acquire of a scholastic character, in the common school of his native town.

For the man born and reared almost within the sight and sound of the heaving ocean, the sea has always a winning smile, and its followers are oftenest the products of the shores which limit its untamed dominion. The subject of this brief review yielded to its charms and became a sailor after leaving school. He served for a time on a smack engaged in the cod fisheries, and then shipped on a trading brig voyaging back and forth between his section of the country and the West Indies. He remained on the brig two years, and this period carried him beyond the dawn of manhood and into the early excitement over the discovery of gold in California.

The voice of the siren, which proclaimed the almost fabulous wealth of treasure and opportunity on the shining slope of the Pacific, deadened his sense of the charms of the sea and completely captivated him. He gave up his berth on the trading vessel and all his hopes of success and prominence as a navigator, and journeyed to the gold fields by way of the Isthmus of Panama. While in California he was engaged in lumbering and mining, and as his success was satisfactory to him. he remained in that region from 1852 to 1865. He then returned to Maine, also by the Isthmus route, and went to his old home, where he found his mother ill.

In the same year, July 18, 1865, he was united in marriage with Miss Clara Eastman at Conway, New Hampshire. Two children were born to them. Karl and Corinne. But, having always had a taste for adventure, and having fed his appetite in this respect by his experience on the ocean and in the mines, accordingly he brought his young bride to the Northwest and took up his residence in the village, as it was then, of Minneapolis, which seemed full of promise to his awakened vision, and throughout all his subsequent years proofs multiplied tliat he was not mistaken in his first judgment of the possibilities around him.

.Mr. De Laittre and his wife made the journey to their new home by rail to La Crosse, Wisconsin, and thence by steamer to St. Paul and stage to St. Anthony Falls. They were therefore prepared for the conditions they found and prepared to cope with them. For the latter stages of the journey at least indicated to them that they w'ere moving into the wilds and toward the verge of civilization. liut thej' were made of the metal cast for privation, hardship and endurance, and accepted their new surroundings and unaccustomed deprivations with cheerfulness and entered upon the work of improving them with alacrity.

He died on September 19, l'.(]2, but was an active figure in the financial district of Minneapolis until four days before his death, when he visited his olllce for the last tinn% although he passed his eightieth anniversary of birth before his death.

Before coming to this part of the coimtry he made a trip to California in 1852 at the height of the gold excitement, as has been stated above, and was one of the party of eight white men wlio first saw what has been called the eighth wonder of the world - the Washingtonia Giganteas - stately palms indigenous to the southern part of the Golden State and highly prized for ornaments in lawns.

During the first four years of his residence in the Mill City he was engaged in the manufacture of woolens and flour, but in 1869 he be'came a member of the Eastman, Bovey, De Laittre Lumber company, which was later incorporated as the Bovey-De Laittre Lumber company, of which he was president until his death. He was also president of the' Nicollet National Bank from 1884 to 1888, when it was absorbed by a larger bank, and at the time of his death he was president of the Farmers and Mechanics Savings Bank.

He gave his banking interests close and careful attention, but his lumber trade was his chief concern. His operations in this were very extensive and made him one of the most prominent lumbermen in Minnesota. He built a large steam sawmill in Nortli Minneapolis, at which his company cut the logs from their ample timber interests in the northern part of this state. In his later lumbering operations he was conspicuous and very serviceable in the development of Cloquet, Minnesota.

Although Mr. De Laittre's business was very extensive and exacting he did not allow it to wholly absorb him or render him indifferent to the enduring welfare and continued improvement of his home city. He was a pronounced Republican in his political faith and allegiance, and as such was elected mayor of Minneapolis in 1877, the opposing candidate being Dr. A. A. Ames, but at the end of his term he declined to be a candidate for re-election. He did, however, serve as prison inspector seven years, being first appointed to this position by Governor John vS. Pillsbury in 1879, and being reappointed b}' him, and at the end of his second term being reappointed again by Governor Hubbard. He was also a member of the commission that built the new state capitol and of the commission that erected the present city hall and courthouse in Minneapolis.

About the time Mr. De Laittre severed his connection with the Nicollet National Bank he began extensive vacation travels. He made a trip to Egypt in 1889, and later visited the West Indies, Mexico and other Spanish-American countries. On his last trip to the Bermudas he met a number of Minneapolis men and found great enjoyment in recalling his old sailing days when the ships he sailed on made the islands, and in the winter of 1911, on a trip to the Panama canal, he sto))ped over to search for and found the spot where the party of which he was a member landed in 1852 when journeying from Maine to California.

In religion this strong business man ami eniiiu^nt citizen was a devout Christian and for many years a regular attendant of Plymouth church. In all the relations of life he was a gentleman of high ideals and true at all times to his sense of duty, which was strong within him. In life he enjoyed the respect and admiration of all who had knowledge of him for his elevation of character, the force of his personalitj', his great business capacity and the fruitful usefulness of his long life; and his memory is ensluined in the strong and unwavering regard of the whole comnuinity which he served so long, so wisely and so faithfully.

Rev. Lorenzo B. Allen

For many years a minister of the gospel, going into new communities and building churches, and at different periods of liis life at the head of influential educational institutionji ; fluent and forcible as a preacher, platform orator and writer; a gentleman of extensive learning, excellent judgment, tliorough knowledge of human nature and strong personality, and an indefatigable worker in behalf of whatever he had in charge, the late Rev. Lorenzo B. Allen, for some years pastor of the First Baptist church in Minneapolis, lived a very useful life, and when it was ended left an influence for good that is still felt and acknowledged in man}- places.

Mr. Allen was born in Jeft'erson, Lincoln county. Maine, in 1816, June 14th. He was a son of Rey. William Allen, of that city, and Dr. Peter Gray, father of the late Thomas K. Gray, a sketch of whom apjjears in this volume, was tiie family physician in the Allen household. Through this association came the acquaintance, intimate intercourse and subsequent marriage of Mr. Gray with Miss Julia Allen, the daughter of the immediate subject of this review. She is still living in the old Gray home at the corner of Oak Grove and Spruce streets, which was built by Mr. Gray early in the history of the city.

Rev. Lorenzo B. Allen was graduated from a college at Waterville, Maine, which is now Colby University, and soon afterward became pastor of a Baptist church at Thomaston in his native state, having pursued the theological course of instruction in the institution named. Seven years later he was made pastor of a church of the same denomination at North Yarmouth, Maine, and there met Miss Nancy Pope Prince, the daughter of Hezekiah Prince the "village squire." to whom he was maiTied about 1841. She was a lineal descendant, through both her father and her mother, of the renowned Elder William Brewster, who came to New England in the Mayflower when that historic vessel brought over the first of the Pilgrim Fathers, and her father numbered twentyfive other Puritans among his American ancestors.

Some years before the beginning of the Civil war Rev. Mr. Allen came west to Burlington, Iowa, to take the presidency of a Baptist college there. He threw his whole energy into his Work in that institution, taught the department of ancient languages, looked after the business interests of the college, enlisted popular support for it, and practically rehabilitated it, building it into a strong and very progressive center of learning. But when the war broke out nearly all its male students enlisted in the Union army, forty of them being enrolled in one week, and the college was depopulated and abandoned because of its empty seats.

In 1865 Mr. Allen came to Minneapolis and took charge of the First Baptist church in this city. The structure in which the congregation worshiped at that time stood on the site of the present Nicollet hotel, and the services were held in its basement until it was condemned as unsafe. The congregation then moved to a frame house at the corner of Fifth street and Hennepin avenue, which had been built for it through the influence of Mr. Allen. He served this congregation three years, and then became the head of an academy at Wasioja, Jlinnesota, where he died a few years later. In the management and teaching work of this academy he was assisted by his wife and two daughters, Mrs. Allen having charge of the classes in Latin for a time and doing other work of value to the institution and its pupils.

Mr. Allen did a great deal to advance the cause of education in this state. He was largely instrumental in interesting George A. Pillsbury in the founding of the Baptist academy at Owatonna, but he did not live to see that institution in operation. His Alma Mater conferred on him the honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity early in his life in recognition of hfs superior educational and ministerial work, and he was well known in many parts of the country as an educator of great ability. Many young men were prepared for the ministry by him, and they gave him high credit for his influence for good in molding their characters and broadening their vision as to their work. The state superintendent of schools of Iowa has given him a very complimentary notice in a book he published, and John E. Clough, a missionary in India, and still a diligent worker in that field, gives Dr. Allen credit for his own steadfastness to the church, declaring it is the result of the teaching of that eminent divine coupled with the influence of his impressive example.

His daughter has also always been deeply interested in evangelical and educational work. She is a charter member of the Young Women's Christian Association, and was the provisional president of the Minneapolis branch at the time of its organization, and assisted in its incorporation. She has long served on its board of trustees or directors, as she was for five years on that of the Maternity Hospital, on which she has worked with Dr. Ripley and other enter{)rising and philanthropic persons. In addition, she takes a cordial and helpful interest in literary clubs and similar uplifting organizations. The Doctor was twice married, first in Thomaston, Maine, and again in 1858 at Burlington. Iowa, to Miss Adelaid Smith of that city. One son, Henry B. Allen, was a M. D. He died in Minneapolis in early life after practicing his profession some years. The wife and mother is still living, being the widow of Rev. Mr. Fish of Minneapolis.

Alexander Thompson Ankeny

One of the most enthusiastic and eflicient participants in public onterjiriscs, and one of the most highly honored members of the Minneapolis Bar, is Alexander Thompson Ankeny. He is of Dutch colonial ancestry, his father being Isaac Ankeny and his mother Eleanor (Parker) Ankeny, of Somerset, Pennsylvania, where he was born December 27, 1837, and there received a common school education. Later he attended the Disciples College, at Hiram, Ohio, where James A. Garfield was then a professor; also an Academy at Morgantown, West Virginia, completing his education in Jefferson College at Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. He read law in the oflice of Hon. Jeremiah S. Black, Attorney-General of the United States at Washington. In April, 1861, he was admitted to the bar at Somerset, Pennsylvania, and there began his practice. Edwin

M. Stanton, upon becoming Secretary of War, gave young Mr. Ankeny a position in the Quarter-master General's Department in Wasliiiigton, in which he continued until near the close of tlie war, when he resumed practice at his old home.

Mr. Ankeny came to Minneapolis in 1872, and engaged in lumber manufacture with his brother Wm. P. Ankeny, the firm being Wm. P. Ankeny and Brother, and so continued for six years. He has since enjoyed a general practice, his definite knowledge of the law combined with marked forensic talents, having made him conspicuous as a leader of his profession. In 1890 he was defeated for District Judge by but a small majority, and in 1896 was the choice of the Democrats for Mayor.

Mr. Ankeny has ever been deeply interested in educational matters and for more than a decade served on the Board of Education, lieing for a number of years its President, thus also being a member, ex-officio, of the library board. He was President of the State Normal Bostrd from 1899 to 1903, during which period, the fifth Normal School was established at Duluth. When the Masonic Temple Association was formed in 1885, he was one of the incorporators, succeeding R. B. Langdon as its president in 1894. In everything pertaining to the progress and development of the city, IMr. Ankeny has not only been interested, but has displayed a liberal and progressive spirit.

He is of quiet and studious habits finding cliief pleasures in tlie comiianionship of books and in tliat of old friends. Not fully in accord with modern tendencies of thought or the spirit of commercialism, his reading has embraced the old classical authors, including svich celebrated works as Montaigne's Kssays and Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy. A student of Shakespeare, he finds, with Donnelly, abundant proof of the Baconian authorship. Socially he is genial and democratic and much endeared to many friends who are liberal in testifying to his many sterling qualities.

Mr. Ankeny was married in 1861, to Miss Martha V. Moore, of Wheeling, West Virginia, and whose death occurred May 27th. 1904. Four of his children are residents of Minneapolis. One daughter, Mrs. Chester McKusick, died in Duluth in 1900.

Elmer E. Atkinson

In tlie city of Waterloo, judicial center and metropolis of Blackhawk county, Iowa. Elmer E. Atkinson was born on ihe 28th of March, 1867, he is a son of Dr. Thomas and Anna M. (Holloway) Atkinson, both natives of Belmont county, Ohio, and representatives of sterling pioneer families of that section of the old Buckeye state. Isaac Holloway, maternal grandfather of the subject of this review, was an extensive landholder and influential citizen of Belmont county, and he served as representative of his county in the Ohio legislature. The Atkinson family also held prominent status in Belmont county, where Dr. Thomas Atkinson was engaged in the practice of medicine for a number of years prior to his removal to Iowa, wliere he became one of the pioneer pliysicians and surgeons of Waterloo and attained to distinction as one of the influential and honored citizens of that part of the state. Both he and his wife continued to reside in Iowa until their death and of their children two sons and two daughters are living.

The public schools of Dewitt, Clinton county, Iowa, alTorded to Elmer E. Atkinson his early educational advantages, and as a youth lie identified himself with mercantile activities, in connection with wliich he was eventually employed in leading department stores in the city of Chicago. In the establishment of the Parisian Suit Company of that city he gained intimate and valuable experience in tlie special line of enterprise to wliich he is now giving his attention in an independent way. In 1887 he engaged in the retail dry-goods business at Anthony, Harper county, Kansas, and though he was but twenty years of age at the time of initiating this independent venture he showed his good judgment and excellent ability, with the result that he built up a prosperops trade. At the expiration of two years he sold the business which he had thus developed and went to the city of Cleveland, Ohio, where he assumed the management of the woman's apparel department of one of the largest mercantile establishments in the Forest City. In this capacitj' he further fortified himself in detailed knowledge and in efTective familiarity with general business methods and policies.

In 1897 Mr. Atkinson came to Minneapolis, and later ha passed one year in California, but the salubrious climate and many advantages and attractions of the Minnesota metropolis led him to return to this city, where, through close application and cfi'ective policies he has succeeded in building up a most flourishing and substantial business, his operations having given him status as one of the popular and representative merchants of the city. His admirably stocked and appointed store is most eligibly located in the fine modern building at the corner of Seventh street and Nicollet avenue, and the solidity and constant expansion of his business is indicated by the fact that he has a ninety-nine year lease of the property adjoining on Nicollet avenue. This property has a frontage of fifty feet and the entire building will be utilized for the accommodation of the extensive business, the lease having but recently been effected. 'September, 1909, Mr. Atkinson opened a similar establishment in the city of St. Paul, at the corner of Sixth and Cedar streets. This is known as the Sixth Street Store and is one of the most attractively appointed mercantile places in the capital city, with a trade that fully justifies the wisdom of Mr. Atkinson in thus extending his operations. His two sons, Harold E. and Alfred M., are actively associated with him in his business activities in the Twin Cities and are numbered among the alert and popular young business men of Minnesota.

Mr. Atkinson is emphatically progressive and liberal as a citizen as well as a man of affairs. He became an active member of the Minneapolis Commercial Club and later identified himself zealously with the Civic & Commerce Association of the cit}% which absorbed the original Commercial Club and which has done much to further the civic and material advancement of Minneapolis. Jlr. Atkinson was the last to hold the office of chairman of the public-affairs committee of the Commercial Club, and he has since been an influential factor in the benignant activities of the Civic & Commerce Association. Mr. Atkinson has made judicious investments in Minneapolis real estate, and he personally erected the annex building used in connection with his business operations in Minneapolis, this being on the previously mentioni'd lot adjoining his original store. In 1914 he completed the erection of his fine modern residence at the corner of Lincoln and Logan avenues, and this attractive home, the architectural design and appointments of which largely represent the personal ideas of the owner, commands a fine view of Lake of the Isles. The residence was completed and occupied in the autumn of 1914 and is known for its generous and gracious hospitality, and as a center of representative social activities, as the family has a wide circle of friends in the city of Minneapolis, as well as in St. Paul.

Though never manifesting any desire to enter the arena of practical politics, Mr. Atkinson takes a loyal interest in governmental aft'airs and in public matters of a local ordi'r, his allegiance being given to the Republican party. In the time-honored Masonic fraternity he has attained to the thirtysecond degree of the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite and is also affiliated with the Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. As a golf enthusiast he is identified with the Minikahda Club, and he also holds membership in the Minneapolis Club, the Lafayette Club and the Minneapolis Automobile Club. Belongs to the Sixth Church of Clirist Scientist.

On the 36th of September, 1888, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Atkinson to Miss Minnie F. Morey, of Clinton, Iowa, and she is the gracious and popular chatelaine of their new and beautiful home. Mr. and Mrs. Atkinson have three children: Harold E., who is associated with his father in business,, as previously noted, wedded Miss Margaret Moyer, daughter of Dr. David E. Moyer, who was at that time a resident of Montevideo, Chippewa county, but who is now a resident of Minnoapolis, a son was born to H. E. and Margaret, January 6th, 1914, named Harold M.; Alfred M. likewise is actively associated with his father's business affairs; and Anita, who completed the work of the junior year at Stanley Hall, a leading educational institution of Minneapolis, is now a student the Elizabeth Somers famous finishing school for young women, at Washington, D. C, in which institution she will be graduated as a member of the class of 1915.

Charles A. Bovey

Of the many men who came from the State of Maine and became large figures in the development of Minneapolis, none stood higher than Charles A. Bovey, now deceased. For more than forty years he was one of the leaders among the business men of the city. Indeed, Mr. Bovey was a notable example of the men from New England who played so large a part in the civic and commercial upbuilding of Minneapolis. With hardly an exception they were men whose interest in the betterment of the city loomed as large as did their attention to business aflfairs. These early residents seem now to have given more freely of their time to the upbuilding of the city than do the young men of succeeding generations. And Charles A. Bovey was pre-eminently of this type.

As Mr. Bovey was a native of Maine, so it seems natural that he should be a lumberman, as were so many of the Maine men who came to Minneapolis. He was born in Bath, Maine, May 27, 1832, of English parents - his father, John Bovey, having come from Devonshire, England, in 1815. The original , Bovey homestead in Bath is still standing, as is the schoolhouse where Charles A. Bovey received his common-school education. It was when Mr. Bovey was still a boy that he entered the business which was to form his life pursuit. He made a trip to New Brunswick, and there entered the employ of a large lumbering and importing concern, which was engaged in the West Indies trade, as well as in logging and lumber manufacturing. He continued in this connection for twenty years, or until tlie late sixties.

In 1869, attracted to the West by alluring descriptive articles in Eastern publications, chiefly those of Charles Carleton Coffin. Mr. Bovey came to Minnesota and took up his residence in Minneapolis - then and for twenty years thereafter the lumber center of the Northwest. His first business venture in his new home was an important one, in that it gave to the business circles of the growing city a man of constructive abilities. He formed a partnership with two lumbermen, who stood side by side with him in business importance for many years. They were W. W. Eastman and John De Laittre. The firm name at first was Eastman, Bovey and Company. Later Howard M. De Laittre, cousin of John De Laittre. joined the firm. The firm still exists under its later name of tlie Bovey-De Laittre Lumber Co.

The first business property of the new firm was the old Pioneer sawmill, on the west side of the Falls of St. Anthony - a mill that was famous in the early daj's of lumbering in Minneapolis, for it was the nucleus of the great West Side lumber business, which endured in the Falls location until the middle eighties, by which time all the firms in the lumber industry abandoned the Falls site and moved up the river to more advantageous places along the east and west banks, where yard as well as railway facilities were better.

The Eastman-Bovey firm gave up the Pioneer Jlill when the water power comjiany took over the leases and went to the East Side, continuing there until fire destroj'ed the mills in 1887. And on a site at Thirty-ninth Avenue North, the incorporated company, the Bovey-De Laittre Lumber Co., built the big mills, which for years were strong competitors for the best of the lumber trade.

It is not alone in the commercial history of ilinneapolis that !Mr. Bovey's name is written large. Hardly had he become a citizen when he entered actively into the political, social and civic life of the city. Perhaps the most interesting story of the institutions of Minneapolis is the history of the Public Library as a development from the old Atheneum. The early years of the library were years of no little stress, and it was to the earnest guidance of the early directors of the institution that the present library owes its splendid stability. One of these directors for several years was Charles A. Bovey, which illustrates his appreciation of the finer things of life as factors in the city's development. In political affairs, as in civic matters, Mr. Bovey took active interest, although he never sought or filled public office. He was a Republican by affiliation, but reserved the right of personal selection of the best man, regardless of party, when it came to local office.

Mr. Bovey married, in 1856, in Salem, Mass., Miss Hannah Caroline Brooks, a daughter of Luke Brooks, a Boston merchant. Mr. and Mrs. Bovey made their home on Harmon Place at Thirteenth Street, then almost in the outskirts of the city - the house being built in 1870. There are six children, all living: Frank A., associated for some years with his father in the Bovey-De Laittre Company; Charles Cranston and William H., associated in the Washburn-Crosby Company: .John A., a member of the Bovey-Shute Lumber Co., and two daughters. The family's church affiliation is with Plymouth Congregational Church.

Roman Alexander

Roman Alexander, leading Minneapolis manufacturer of bank, otlice and store fixtures, was born in Krakow Austrian Poland, in 184S, being the son of Joseph Alexander, a grain merchant. With the advantages afforded by an excellent high school Roman learned the trade of cabinet maker.

In 1870 he came to Milwaukee where he again worked at his trade, becoming foreman in the establishment of Conway, Radway & Company. During a vacation he visited Minneapolis, and in 18S1 he made it his residence.

His first employment was with Smith & Parker, now the Smith & Wyman company, for two years, and then started his present enterprise which flourished, it being the pioneer in the exclusive manufacture of fixtures, everything of that kind previously being furnished from Chicago or even farther east.

His reputation is based upon achievement, examples being the interior woodwork of the Unitarian church; the finish of the public library, including the mantels and book eases; the woodwork of the Samuel Gale residence being at the time the most artistic dwelling in the city; that of the S. T. McKnight residence, and that of the F. B. Semple residence, also the interior of the much admired residence of ex-UniteJ States Senator Power of Helena, Montana.

He fashioned and installed the interior woodwork in the Donaldson shoe store, and the Seventh street store ol the Glass block, Dayton's and the Minneapolis dry goods stores. He has also installed the fixtures in more than 500 banks between Minneapolis and the Pacific coast. In 1898 he built a large factory, which has recently been enlarged, the plant no^v employing regularly more than forty workmen.

He served in the council from 1894 to 1898, being the only Republican who was ever elected to the council from the First ward. His services were rendered with the same enterprise, prudence and good judgment as indicated in his private afl'airs, being of signal benefit to the community.

In 1883, Mr. Alexander was married to Miss Margaret Wernich. They have five children: Arthur, associated with his father as general manager; Helen, Margaret, Wanda, Roman, Jr. Arthur married Pearl Wolsey and has one child, Mercedes. Mr. Alexander's family belong to the Immaculate Conception Catliolic church.

William Crawford Bailey

Mr. Bailey was born at Milford, Penobscot county, Maine, on July 22, 1836, the son of Charles and Mary Jane (Ring) Bailey, both of whom belonged to old New England families residing in that part of the country from early Colonial days. The paternal great-grandfather, Amos Bailey, .Ir., was a lieutenant in the Patriot army during the Revolutionaiy war, and other members of the families on both sides of the house also took part in that momentous struggle for freedom and self-government.

William C. Bailey attended the district school of his native town and at different periods was a student at Hampden Academy and Bucksport Seminary in Maine. When lie left school he was employed for a time in the taveni kept by his father, and afterward clerked in the poatollice and worked on a farm. None of these various occupations satisfied his ambition, and he became a school teacher, following that profession until 1864, when he decided to become a logger. From that time until his death he was continuously engaged in the lumber business, the scale of his operations in the industry enlarging as the years passed until they became very extensive.

In 1880 Mr. Bailey came to Minneapolis, and in 1881 began to deal in hardwood lumber. Long before this, however, his business in lumbering prospered and was giving him steady headway in life when the Civil war began. He had very promising interests at stake at the time, but his patriotism overbore his desire for personal gain, and he determined to leave all his prospects and go" to the front in defense of the U^nion. On July 31, 1862, he enlisted in the Federal army at Bangor, Maine, and was at once made second lieutenant of his company. Before his term of service in the army expired he took part in the battles of Antietam, Maryland, Fredericksburg, Virginia, and several other contests of greater or less importance.

After the war this valiant soldier, when conditions required him to be such, or made it desirable that he should, and highly successful business man when peace held sway, kept alive the memories of the great sectional strife, but without any of its bitterness, by active membership in Chase Post No. 22, Grand Army of the Republic, of which he was the commander. He also belonged to the St. Anthony Commercial club during his residence in Minneapolis, and was one of its most active and serviceable members. In politics he was a stauncli Republican from the foundation of the party, but he never sought or desired a political office, although he was at times an energetic and effective worker for its success. His religious affiliation was with the LTniversalists, and he held his membership in All Souls church, Minneapolis, of that sect, but was liberal in his feelings toward and his contributions to all church interests.

Mr. Bailey's business in this city flourished vigorously and grew to large proportions. He was energetic and judicious in the management of it, omitting nothing in its personal supervision and overlooking nothing opportune or useful in expanding its volume and value. But he did not allow it to obscure or abate his interest in the welfare of the community or make him neglect any of the duties of citizenship. He was at v!l times progressive and enterprising in his public spirit, and not only did valuable things himself but stimulated others to great activity by his influence and the force of h;is example. No public interest went without his intelligent attention and earnest and fruitful support. And. when, on October 23, 1910, he passed over to the activities that know no weariness, he was held in the highest esteem as one of this city's most serviceable and representative men.

On May 38, 1880, Mr. Bailey was united in marriage with Miss Phebe L. De Witt, who is still living. She was born in the province of New Brunswick, Canada, and lived there until her marriage. Four children were born of their union: Mary, who is now the wife of L. E. Evans and has her home at Waterloo, Iowa; Catherine, who married with P. D. Carpenter and resides in Minneapolis; George C, who manages the business, which is located at Fifteenth and Central avenues northeast, for his mother; and Anna Lucretia, who died on December 31, 1910, at the age of twenty-four years, a few weeks after the death of her father. She was a student at the University of Minnesota at the time of her death. All the members of the family stand well in public estimation in the community, and all deserve the universal regard and good will bestowed upon them.

Fred Elisha Barney

Fred Elisha Barney, president of the East Side State Bank of Minneapolis, has exhibited in his business career the salient characteristics of the New Englanders in the way of thrift, prudence, good management and other business traits that command success. The founder of the American branch of his father's family, came to the colony of Massachusetts Bay from England in 1634. Fred E. Barney's life began at Swanton, Franklin county, Vermont, on October 10, 1859, and he is a son of Valentine G. and Maria L. (Hadwen) Barney, both natives of Vermont. The father was a dealer in marble in Vermont until the beginning of the Civil war, when he enlisted in defense of the Union, and through efliciency and gallantry in the service during the memorable sectional conflict he rose to the rank of Lieutenant-colonel of the Ninth \ermont Volunteer Infantry. After the close of the war he returned to his former home, where he remained four years, then, in 1869, moved his family to Minneapolis, and from here in J872 to Charles City, Iowa.

His son Fred accompanied the rest of the family to this city and later to their home in Iowa. He began his education in the public schools of his native town, continued it in those of Minneapolis, and completed it in those of Iowa. From 1878 to 1881 he was employed in an abstract and loan business in Charles City, Iowa, but in the year last mentioned returned to Miimeapolis to take a clerkship in the Commercial Bank. He remained in the employ of the bank until 1888, and during the last three years of his time with it served as assistant cashier.

In March, 1888, he gave up his position in the bank and went into business for himself, clioosing real estate, loans and insurance as his field of operation. He has worked up his business to large proportions and profitable returns, and the capacity he has shown in conducting it has given him a high rank in business circles here and elsewhere. He is a member of Minneapolis Real Estate Board and served as Vice President. He is also a member of National Board. In the insxirance department of his enterprise he represents five important companies and renders tliem extensive and excellent service.

Upon the organization of the East Side State Bank in 1906, he was elected president of it and still occupies that position in its directorate and continues to direct its affairs with good judgment. He is also secretary of the Jlerriman-Barr jws company, which owns and controls property in the city. But, while giving the bank close and careful attention and doing the same for the Merriman-Barrows company, he pushes his own private business with constant enterprise and energy.

Mr. Barney has always taken an earnest interest and an active part in the general work of improvement in his community. His political faith and allegiance have been given to the Republican party from the dawn of his manhood, and as a member of it and its candidate he was elected a member of the board of county commissioners of Hennepin county in 1900. He served in the office four years, and during the last two years of his tenure was chairman of the board.

Mr. Barney has also mingled freely and serviceably in the social life of his home city as a member of the Commercial, and Whist clubs. In each of these organizations he has a potent influence for its good, and had been a member of the public affairs committee of the Commercial club, of which be was one of the directors. He also belongs to the St. Anthony club on the East Side, in which he has served as director and member of its public affairs committee. Fraternally he is a Scottish Rites mason and in this connection is also a Noble of the Mystic Shrine.

On September 17, 1885, Mr. Barney was married at Charles City, Iowa, to Miss Mary Case of that city. They have three children, their son, Hadwen Case Barney, who is associated with his father in business, and their daughters, Elizabeth and Mary.

Charles Alfred Pillsbury

World leaders in the various domains of human enterprise are few in number, infrequent in appearance and never the products of accident or extraneous circumstances. The qualities which give them their rank are innate and would win distinction in any line of action. But circumstances and the specific features of opportunities sometimes give tliem their trend and form of expression, because these world leaders, their masters, see what can be made of them and command them to such service as is desired.

The late Charles Alfred Pillsbury of Minneapolis was for many years a world leader in the manufacture of flour, both in quantity and quality, and his record furnishes a striking illustration of the mastery of mind over matter, and the conditions and surroundings amid which it is found. The master mind takes it as it appears, and while making the most of what is, uses that to multiply vastly the production of its own kind and expand itself and what springs from it in ever widening extents and varying forms of usefulness for the service and enjoyment of mankind.

Mr. Pillsbury was born on October 3, 1842, in the town of Warner, Merrimack county. New Hampshire, the son of George A. and Margaret S. (Carleton) Pillsbury and a grandson of John P. and Susan (Wadleigh) Pillsbury, all New Englanders and natives of New Hampshire. A sketch of the father will be found in this work, and in it will be seen that the family traces its American ancestors back to William Pillsbury, who came to this country from England in 1640 and settled at Dorchester, in the colony of Massachusetts Bay. He was a gentleman of high standing, and the family coat of arms bore this motto: "Labor Omnia Vincit," a truth that has been demonstrated many times in the subsequent history of the family. The great-grandfather of Charles A. was Micaiah Pillsbury, who located at Sutton, New Hampshire, in 1795.

Charles A. Pillsbury was reared on a farm, like most other New England boys in the rural districts, and enjoyed about the same advantages of education in early life that others tliere at that period enjoyed Afterward he pursued a full academic course of instruction at Dartmouth College, from which he was graduated at the age of twenty-one. During his college life he partially supported himself by teaohing school at intervals. After obtaining his degree, with all the world to choose a place of residence and base of operations in, he went first to Montreal, Canada, where he passed six years in various employments.

In 1S69 Mr. Pillsbury came to Minneapolis by invitation of his uncle, the late Governor John S. Pillsbury, to engage in the milling business He first purchased an interest in the Minneapolis mill, then owned and operated bj' J. W. Gardner and G. \V. Crocker. The milling industry was at that time in an inchoate stage in Minneapolis, and the mill in which Mr. Pillsbury began his great career as a manufaeturerer of flour had a capacity of but 150 barrels a day. Nevertheless, it was the acorn from which the mighty oak of the Pillsbury Flour Mills Company's business has grown, and that company now turns out 25,000 barrels of flour every day.

When this genius of the mill arrived in Minneapolis the railroads extended but a few miles north and west of the city. The supply of grain was limited to local production and the value of the hard wheat of the Northwest for the production of flour was unknown. That wheat was, in fact, considered the worst in the world for floiu'. It kept its rich stores of (lour quality securely locked from the invasion of all inquirers until its real master spoke the words of command, and then it cheerfully yielded them up for his advantage and the benefit of the world.

Within a few years after the arrival of Jlr. Pillsbury the railroads were built into the northwestern part of this state and a long way into the Dakotas, and this made additional grain fields of vast extent tributary to the mills of Minneapolis ; and within the same period the self-binder was invented, which cheapened the production of wheat, and many new inventions were also introduced in the mills, all of which added to their capacity in productiveness and heightened the quality of their output. One of these was the middlings purifier, a Jlinneapolis invention, which Mr. Pillsbury at once adopted and which he found very profitable. Another was the steel roller process of milling, brought to this country from Europe, and these two innovations alone revolutionized the making of flour in this region.

The hour and the man for the full and ra|iid development of flour milling in this part of the country had come In 1870 the firm of Charles A. Pillsbury & Company was formed, the men composing it being Mr. Pillsbury, his uncle, the governor, and his father, George A. Pillsbury. They bought the Taylor mill (now the Pillsbury B), with a capacity of 300 barrels a day, and two years later they leased the mill built by L. S. Watson of Leicester, Massachusetts, on the site of the old woolen mill, which had been destroyed by fire. This mill had a capacity of 250 barrels a day and was modern in all its ajipointments. In 1874 Governor Pillsbury traded other property for the Anchor mill with a capacity of 250 barrels, and in that year Mr Pillsbury's brother, Fred C. Pillsbury, was admitted to membership in the firm. Still on the lookout for enlargements to its business, in 1877 the company leased the Excelsior mill built by Hon. Dorillas Morrison, which had a daily capacity of 800 barrels, raising its producing capacity to 1.750 barrels.

But the business kept pace with the facilities acquired and soon went beyond them. Greater facilities were provided by the erection of the celebrated Pillsbury A mill in 1881. At first this had a daily capacity of 7,000 barrels, but that has since been doubled and more through the improvement of machinery, and it is now 12,000 barrels. When it was built this mill was the largest in the world and it still is. Prior to the erection of this mill Jlr. Pillsbury passed five years in Europe, going and coming at intervals His purpose in making these trips abroad was to study practically and in detail every phase of the production and transportation of wheat, the making and marketing of flour and its by-products, and everything else connected with his business. He became widely known in many parts of Europe as the mose extensive manufacturer of flour in the world, and was greatly admired for the magnitude of his operations, as he always was everywhere for his genial and companionable disposition and charming personality.

Mr. Pillsbury's business record was not, however, to be an unbroken success. In 1877 the Anchor mill was destroyed by fire and in 188^ the Empire, Minneapolis, Pillsbury B and Excelsior suffered a similar fate. This burden of disaster did not daunt him. On the contrary, it stimulated him to greater activity and enterprise. Some of the burnt mills were rebuilt and equipped with the latest machinery. Large elevators were also erected, and the business was enlarged all along the line

In 1890 the Pillsburys disposed of their holdings to the Pillsbury-Washburn Flour Mills Company, Limited, but retained a large interest in the new company, although the bulk of the stock was purchased by an English syndicate. The new company also acquired the Palisade and Lincoln mills at the same time, and has ever since operated all its properties with the greatest enterprise and constancy, producing regularly 6,000,000 barrels of flour a year and easily maintaining its place at the head of the industry and in imperial command of the markets of the whole civilized world.

Notwithstanding his enormous business and its multitudinous exactions, Mr. Pillsbury took an active part in many other industrial, commercial and financial enterprises and also in public afi'airs. He was one of the most energetic and resourceful promoters of the city's advancement and improvement this community has ever had, and while he was averse to public life, and declined numerous offers of political preferment, he was always a zealous and practical factor in the efforts made to secure good government for his city and state. The only political oflSce he held while living in Minneapolis was that of state senator, to which he was first elected in the fall of 1876, and which he continued to fill with great credit to himself and acceptability to the people for a period of ten years.

Wlien the Pillsbury interests in the mills were sold to the Pillsbury-Washburn company Mr. Pillsbury's connection with them did not cease. He was kept at the head of the business by the new company at a very large salary, and directed its course successfully. By his advice the company secured a controlling interest in the whole of the water power at St. Anthony's Falls. And a few years later, again on his recommendation, the company constructed an auxiliary dam a short distance below the Falls by which an increase of 10,000 horse power was added to its resources.

This was the last great work of construction done under Mr. Pillsbury's direction. The plow, which had held its course so steadil)' and so long, was Hearing the end of its furrow. Mr. Pillsbury died at his home in Minneapolis on September 17, 1899. During the thirty years of his active life in Minenapolis he was probably the most ])opular businesss man in the city. He was always, until his end approached, in excel- lent health, and at all times in good spirits, genial, sunny, easily accessible and generous almost to a fault. His publicspirit was a stimulus and an inspiration; his patriotism, locally and generally, was genuine, practical and intense; his public benefactions were bountiful, and his private benevolences were almost innumerable, but they are, for the most part, unrecorded. He was liberal to all worthy agencies at work for the good of his community and to those in need of help from an inborn sense of generosity, and never, in the slightest degree for ostentation, ambition or personal aggrandizement in any way.

Mr. Pillsbury mingled freely in the social life of the community as a member of several clubs and other local organizations. He was very prominent in tlie Minneapolis Chamber of Commerce and its president from 1883 to 1894. On September 12, 1866, he was united in marriage with Miss Mary A. Stinson, a daughter of Captain Charles Stinson, .one of the prominent and most highly esteemed citizens of Goffstown, New Hampshire, Their two sons, Charles S. and John S., the only living children of the household, have assumed many of the business relations held by their father and are exemplifying in connection with them the sterling manhood and great business capacity for which he was renowned. Their mother died on September 26, 1903. The members of the family have all attended Plymouth Congregational church, and the sons have built, as a memorial to their parents, Pillsbury House in South Minneapolis, where the settlement work of this church is carried on. In reference to such a man as the subject of this brief review the voice of eulogy is hushed. His great works speak for themselves, and anj' attempt to portray him in terms of adulation would be an effort to gild refined gold or paint the lily, and this, in his case would be entirely out of place.

William Howard Bovey

William Howard Bovey. director and general superintendent of the Washburn Crosby Milling company and eminent citizen, is a native of Minneapolis, born Februaiy 25, 1871, the son of Cliarles A, and Hannah Caroline (Brooks) Bovey. Charles A. Bovey was bom at Bath. Maine, May 2T, 1822. In 1869, after spending some years in St. .Johns, New Brunswick, he removed to Minneapolis, where he became a prominent lumber man and leading citizen. He was an active member of the lumber firm, Bovey De Laittre Lumber Co., formerly Eastman Bovey & Company, until liis death. November 2. 1911. His son, W. H. Bovey attended the city schools and completed his high school course in 1889. He then entered the famous Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he was gradiiated in 1894. Although equipped with the thorough technical training which years of conscientious study had given him, he returned to Minneapolis and sought a position as an inexperienced workman in the mills of the Washburn Crosby company, determined that he would master every phase and mechanical detail of the flour manufacture throiigh practical e.\perience. His skill and ability were speedily recognized by a series of rapid promotions and at the end of five years, he was entrusted with tlie general superintendency of tlie mills. In this capacity, he holds one of the most responsible positions of the flour industry in the world, with nine hundred men under his direct supervision. The great efliciency he has displayed in the discharge of the duties of this authorative post has won him the esteem, not only of the employees, but of all with whom he comes in contact. Mr. Bovey also has prominent interests in the lumber business, as president of the Thompson McDonald Lumber company and director of the Bovey Shute Lumber company. He has never souglit public honors bvit his efforts and influence have been given freely to any movement for civic improvement. He has served as chairman of the smoke committee of the Civic and Commercial association and has recently been appointed a member of the board of Park Commissioners. With a mind alert to the needs of the day and a keen foresight into the future of Minneapolis, he realizes the city's obligation to its youthful citizens and is earnestly interested in the provision of adequate playground facilities. He was married in 1896 to Miss Florence McKnight Lyman, daughter of Mr. George N, Lyman of Minneapolis. They have two children, William Howard, Jr., and Elizabeth. Mr. Bovey is a member of the Minneapolis, Minikahda, La Fayette and University clubs.

Anson Strong Brooks

Mr. Brooks is a native of Redfleld, Oswego county. New York, where his life began on September 6, 1852. When he was four years old his parents, Sheldon and Jeannette (Ranney) Brooks, moved their family to Minnesota and located on a farm in Winona county. Here the son grew to manhood, attending the neighborhood country school and taking part in the work of the farm until he reached the age of sixteen years. In 1868, when he was the age mentioned, he began the struggle of life for himself as a telegraph operator, which he continued to be until 1872.

In 1873 he formed a partnership with his two brothers, under the name of Brooks Bros., to handle grain in the great Northwest. Tlie firm of Brooks Bros, remained in the grain business until 1907, twenty-four years, and when it sold this department of its mercantile enterprise in the year last named it owned thirty-five country grain elevators and extensive holdings of other property subsidiary to them and necessary for their successful operation.

About two years before giving up the grain business the brothers aided M. J. Scanlon and Henry E. Gipson in organizing the Scanlon-Gipson Lumber company. The new field of mercantile endeavor opened such widening views of profitable enterprise to them that they determined to devote themselves wholly to it, and for that reason sold their grain outfit as soon as they could conveniently do so. In the meantime the new company bought the lumber business of H. F. Brown of Minneapolis in order to secure a wholesale yard in the very heart of the lumber operations here in the Northwest. This venture proved very successful, enabling the company to carrj' on a business aggregating sixty million feet of lumber a year.

In 1898 it built a double band sawmill at Cass Lake, Minnesota, which was also a great success, turning out forty million feet of lumber annually. Later this mill was destroyed by fire. In IKDO Mr. Scanlon. the head of the company, visited the Pacific slope, and arranged to a large tract of yellow pine in Western Oregon, he and his fellow members of the Scanlon-Gipson company organizing the Brooks-Robertson

In 1901 the Brooks-.Scanlon Lumber company was organized with a capital of $1,750,000 to engage exclusively in manufacturing and wholesaling. Almost immediately afterward the company built a very large five band and gang sawmill at Scanlon, Minnesota, which had a daily capacity of 600,000 feet and was probably one of the most extensive and completely equipped sawmills in the world. Mr. Brooks is treasurer of the company and a very influential force in the direction of its affairs. He is also second vice president of the Minnesota & Northern Wisconsin Railway, which was built in 1897 to haul logs to a plant owned by the company at Nickerson, Pine county, this state, and was subsequently extended to perform the same service for the one owned by the company at Scanlon in the adjoining county of Carlton. In addition to hauling logs to these two mills, the road does a large general freight business, although the main purpose of its construction was to serve the needs of the luml)er company.

Mr. Brooks is also associated with Mr. Scanlon, a sketch of whom will be found in this volume, in the Brooks-Scanlon company, which owns and operates two modern sawmills at Kentwood, Louisiana, and of which he is secretary, as he is of the Kentwood & Eastern Railway. This line is forty-five miles in length of trackage, and was built to haul logs to the lumber mill at Kentwood. But it, too, is very useful to the territory through which it extends, carrying on a considerable commercial business for the general public there. In addition to his official relations with large lumber institutions already named, Mr. Brooks is president of the Brooks Elevator company, vice president of the Scanlon-Gipson Lumber company, and a leading spirit in the Brooks-Scanlon-O'Brien company, limited, and the Brooks Timber company, as well as one of the directors of the Security National Bank of Minneapolis. In politics he is a Republican, in fraternal affiliation a Freemason i^nd in social relations a member of the Minneapolis, Lafayette and Automobile clubs of his home city. He is also an ardent and helpful supporter of every judicious undertaking for the welfare and improvement of the community in which he lives.

On July 34, 1876, Mr. Brooks was married at McGregor, Iowa, to Miss Georgie L. Andros. They have one child, their son Paul A., who is now extensively associated with his father in business as secretary of the Brooks Elevator company, the Brooks-Scanlon-O'Brien company, limited, the Brooks Timber company and the Powell-River company. He is also treasurer of the DeSchutes Boom company and the Kentwood & Eastern Railway company. In connection with these various enterprises he displays the same high order of business capacity that distinguishes his father.

Dennis C. Bow

Dennis C. Bow was born in Rookford, Illinois, on December 5, 1865, and when he was five years old was taken by his parents to Nora Springs, Iowa, where he remained until he reached the age of seventeen. On January 1, 1883, his parents, Michael and Catherine (Maher) Bow, moved their family to Minneapolis, where the son has ever since resided. The parents were born in Ireland and brought to this country by their parents. They were married in Freeport, Illinois, in 1859,

The father was an iron molder, and after his arrival in this city w'as employed in the old Minneapolis Harvester Works. Before coming here he had served in a similar capacity in the Nora Springs Iron Works, whose operations and products were like those of the Minneapolis establishment. He remained in the employ of the Harvester Woiks in this city for a number of years until he was disabled for further duty by losing one of his lower limbs in a railroad accident. He died on January 5, 1913, at the age of seventy-nine, his last years being spent at the home of his son Dennis. The mother passed away some twenty years before the father. Both belonged to Holy Rosary Catholic church, and were very faithful and devout in attention to its precepts and their church duties in general.

Dennis C. Bow obtained his academic education in the public schools at Nora Springs, Iowa, and was prepared for business by a course of special training at the Curtis Business College in Minneapolis. Circumstances led him to the occupation of his father and he too became a molder and worked in a foundry for a time. But his inclination was strongly to mercantile life, and he became a clerk in the grocery store of A. D. Libby on Minnehaha avenue, where he worked faithfully in the interest of his employer eight years. At the end of that period he entered the employ of the Walter A. Wood Harvester company as a bookkeeper, and he continued his connection with the company in that capacity four or five years. The plant employed 800 to 1,200 persons in all, and some years ago was removed to Hazel Park in St. Paul.

After he left the Harvester company Mr. Bow was appointed to a clerkship vuider City Engineer Cappelan in 1896. He continued to work in the city engineer's office until 1903, when he was elected to the city council as alderman from the Twelfth ward. He has been re-elected twice and is now serving his third term in the couneil. His first two elections were won by him as a Republican in a Democratic ward. But his last candidacy was non-partisan, and he won easily, as he had never allowed partisan considei^ations to overbear or sway his sense of duty to the whole people and the best interests of the city, whose welfare he has always striven earnestly to promote.

In Mr. Bow's first terra in the council he was chairman of the committee on claims, and in the present council he is chairman of the committee on commerce and markets. He has always been warmly interested in the progress and success of the Minneapolis market, and to confirm his judgment of its usefulness and value has studied the market systems in Eastern cities. The further he went into the subject the firmer his belief in the city market system as a wise and beneficial institution became. In his second term in the council he was chairman of the committee on roads and bridges, and thereby a member of the city park board ex officio. During that term he was also a member of the committee on health and hospitals, one of the most important in the council.

But Mr. Bow has not allowed himself to get out of business because he has been in oflice. Soon after his first election to the council he became connected with the advertising department of the Minneapolis Tribune for a few montlis, and then was appointed city salesman for the Ziegler Coal company. At the present time (1914) he is city and outside salesman for the Ziegler District Colliery company, the successor of the Ziegler Coal company, with headquarters in the Security Bank Building.

On January 7, 1891, Mr. Bow was married in Minneapolis to Miss Viola Libby, the daughter of Allen D. Libby, his old employer in the grocei-j' store on Minnehaha avenue. They had three children: William Everett, who is a graduate of St. Thomas College, St. Paul : Dennis Judson, who died on June 27, 1908, aged fifteen, and Viola May, who is a student at St. Margaret's Academy. Their mother died on Xovember 30, 1906. The father belongs to the Knights of Columbus, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Modern Woodmen. They are all members of the Holy Rosary Chureli. He is energetic and tireless in all his business and official duties, and when the pressure of these is off he is an enthusiastic devotee of outdoor recreations and sports.

The great achievements of American manhood in all parts of our country have been the subjects of an oft-told tale, but it is one that never loses its interest. The manner in which many of our leading men in industrial life have raised themselves to consequence and affluence and built up gigantic enterprises for the development of our natural resources, giving employment to hosts of toilers, magnifying our commercial greatness along widely beneficent lines and keeping the wheels of production in motion for the benefit of all the people, contains in its exposition elements of interest and inspiration that never grow stale or pall on the taste.

Many of these men have contended with serious opposition and confronted almost insuperable obstacles. But they have been made of the stuff that yields to no pressure of circumstances, and have made, even of their difficulties, wings and -weapons for their advancement. One of the most illustrious examples of this fiber is Thomas Barlow Walker of Minneapolis, for many years a leading lumber man of the world. The story of his rise from a small beginning, over great and continued trials and impediments, to' the commanding rank he now holds in the industrial and commercial world, is full of encouragement for struggling young men, and shows in a graphic and impressive way the possibilities open to ability and enterprise in this land of almost boundless resources and opportunities.

ilr. Walker was born in Xenia, Green county, Ohio, on February 1, 1840, the son of Piatt Bayliss and Anstis (Barlow) Walker. He obtained his early education in the public schools and through the teachings of his mother. When he was sixteen years of age the family moved to Berea, Cuyahoga county, in his native state, in order that the mother might secure better educational advantages for her children. She was a lady of great force of character and breadth of view, and belonged to a strongly intellectual family, two of her brothers being judges for many years, Thomas Barlow in New York and Moses Barlow in Ohio. Her husband died on his way to California in 1849, leaving her to struggle with adversity and provide for her four children, who were all young.

At Berea Mr. Walker had the advantages of several terms attendance at Baldwin University, but was obliged to devote all his spare time to his first occupation as a lumberman in the woods. While working in the woods he studied nights and Sundays, and later, wlien he became a traveling salesman, he carried his books with him and studied them iis industriously as his work would allow. In this wav he became in a measure

Self-educated, especially in the higher branches of mathematics and science. His business knowledge was gained by travel and e.xperienee, contact with business men, studying business methods, solving big problems, and pushing himself forward in the world generally, in which he emjjloyed all his ability, courage and self-reliance to advantage and with good judgment.

At the age of nineteen, after various business adventures, always attended with hard work and generally with success, he taught a district school in a township in the adjoining county. He next became a traveling salesman, selling grindstones, wooden bowls and wagon spokes, and journeying throughout the Middle West to sell his goods. He was So much impressed with the business possibilities of this region that he determined to make his home in it. and in 1862 located in Minneai)olis. Soon afterward lie joined a surveying party and began work as a United States surveyor.