Minneapolis City (part 78 of 80)

Dr. George Edgar Vincent was born in Rockford, Illinois, March 21, 1864. He is the son of John Heyl and Elizabeth (Duzenbury) Vincent. His father. John H. Vincent, was the founder of the Chautauqua and was one of the most brilliant and popular of the bishops of the Methodist Episcopal church. Bishop Vincent is now retired and lives in Cliicago. His wife died in 1909. Dr. Vincent received his early education in the public schools of I'lainlield, N. J., and was a student for one year in the Pingrey Academy at Elizabeth, N. J. He graduated from Vale University in 1885 having entered that institution as a freshman in the fall of 1881. For a year after he received his degree he was engaged in editorial work as literary editor of the Chautauqua Press. He went abroad and spent Some time traveling in Europe and the East. Upon his retuni he was made vice president of the Chautauqua. It was in 1892 that Dr. Vincent was first called to the University of Chicago and made fellow of sociology. He held this position until he was made assistant in the same department two years later. Receiving his degree of doctor of philosophy from the University of Chicago, he became principal uf instruction in the Chautauqua. From 1900 to 1904 Dr. Vincent was associate professor in the department of sociology at the University of Chicago and in 1904 was elected to full professorship in the same department. For seven yeare Dr. Vincent held the position of Dean of the Junior College. In 1907 he was chosen president of the Chautauqua institution and that same year was made dean of the faculties of arts, literature and science in the university of Chicago. This position he held until he was called to the University of Minnesota in 1911, to fill the place made vacant by the resignation of Dr. Cyrus Northrup.

For years Dr. Vincent has been a contributor to the sociological journals of the country and is the author of a number of books. In collaboration with Professor A. W. Small, he wrote "An Introduction to the Study of Society" and "The Social Mind in Education." He is a member of all the leading educational associations of the country, among them the American Economic Association, the American Historical Associations, the American Sociological Society. He is a member of the American Editorial Board of the Hibbert Journal. During the last fifteen yeais he has given lectures and addresses before Educational Associations and other gatherings in nearly every state in the East and West.

In 1890 Dr. Vincent was married to Ix)uise Palmer at WilkesBarre, Pa. Mrs. Vincent is the daughter of Heury W. Palmer, an attorney at Wilkes-Barre. Mr, Palnu-r was attorney-general of Pennsylvania during the administration of Governor Hoyt and recently served his third term as a member of congress from Pennsylvania. Mrs. Vincent is a graduate of Wellc^ley in the class of 1886. Dr. and Mrs. Vincent have three children, Isabel, who was graduated at Bryn Mawr, in 1912, John Henry, an undergradmite at Yale, and Elizabeth, aged 12.

George A. Wiiitmore

Mr. Wliitmiui- is a native of the city of Rochester, New York, where liis life began on October 24. 1857. He came to Minnesota to live in 1875. when he was but eighteen years old, and took up his residence at Montevideo, Chippewa county, where he had two brothers, one engaged in general merchandising and the other in the insurance business. His father, Clayton B. Whitmore, also passed the latter years of his life in Montevideo and dieil there.

George A. Whitmore began his business career in the store of his brother, becoming a partner in the business soon after his arrival in this state and continuing his connection with it until 1S95, when he sold his interest in it and moved to Minneapolis. For about seven years he represented the National Biscuit company on the road, and since then he has been pushing the trade of the Loose-Wiles Biscuit company.

To the interests of the company Mr. Whitmore is wholly devoted and he gives its business all the time and attention it requires of him. But on his own account he also deals in real estate to some extent, handling principally his own properties, and does some farming, too, on his half section of land, which lies partly in North Dakota and partly in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, and is well adapted to wheat growing and general farming.

In fraternal relations Mr. Whitmore is a Freemason and a member of the Order of United Commercial Travelers of America. He was married at Montevideo, Minnesota in 1882, to Miss Marian A. Case, a daughter of James A. Case, who is prominent in the grain and elevator business in this state. No children have been born of the union.

John C. Van Doorn

John C. Van Doom of the Universal Portland Cement Company became the local representative in 1907, his operations covering several states. In that six yeare the business has increased greatly in competition with about twenty-six other companies; and the office force has grown from three employes to twenty-nine.

In 1903 Mr. Van Doom took charge of the St. Louis agency. Before that he was traveling for one of the largest producers, the total output of the mill being 100 barrels a day; and the entire annual production of cement in the United States amounted to but 375,000 barrels in 1892. No other industry has ever shown such remarkable strides and enormous growth in so short a period.

Prior to 1896 nearly all the cement used in this country was imported from Germany and England, but since then it has been almost wholly produced in the United States. The Universal Cement company has been one of the leading factors in bringing about this result, having large plants at South Chicago, Buffington, Indiana: and Universal. Pennsylvania; and was a pioneer in the manufacture of genuine Portland cement. Its mills now produce 40,000 barrels per diem; and. in 1913, it was the largest shipper of the commodity in the world, distributing in the United States alone 10,- 047,000 barrels, and again in 1913 was largest shipper. The amount used in Minneapolis and at other places in the Northwest is prodigious, this city alone using in 1913, 97,000 barrels, while 70,000 barrels were sold to the State for use in the tonstruction of the new prison at Stillwater, and enormous quantities to the government for the high dam. The Coon Creek dam construction required 50,000 barrels, and more than 40,000 have been sold for canals at Duluth and Superior.

Mr. Van Doom has operated in this northwestern territory for twenty years, his acquaintance extending over a dozen or more states. He might appropriately bo called the living apostle of cement, as he is contiiuially conducting a wide and active propaganda, disseminating cement literature and illustrating the many uses and superior adaptability of the article. Two publications, "The Monthly Bulletin" and "The Farm Cement News," are regularly distributed to the farmers in twenty-three states, the demand having so increased in consequence that a new plant is building at Duluth with a capacity of 5,000 barrels a day.

Mr. Van Doom is a stockholder in the United States Steel Corporation, the cement industry being one of the leading subsidiary lines of that great enterprise. In the manufacture of cement large quantities of slag are supplied by Minnesota iron mines; and the importance of the industry to this state is rapidly increasing. Mr. Van Doom is connected with all organizations of cement producers, and is ever on the lookout for extensions of the trade of his company. He belongs to many associations, including the Minneapolis and Athletic clubs and Civic and Commerce Association. In fraternal relations he is a Freemason, and in religious connection an Episcopalian being a vestryman of All Saints chur'ch. Fishing and hunting are his chief recreations.

John C. Van Doom was born in Quincy, Illinois, on July 26, 1869. His grandfather, John K. Van Doom, owned and operated the first sawmill at Quincy, dating to about 1842; and the dwelling he built there in 1850, is still standing. He was one of Quincy's leading citizens; and, when negro refugees fled from Missouri and other slave states, the government employed him to care for them. The familj' originated in Holland, but has been in America for more than 250 years, some having emigrated to South America in 1658 and others to the Hudson river in 1744.

Jacob Schaefer

"Mr. Schaefer was one of the truest men this city has ever known." So declared one of his intimate friends in Minneapolis of the late Ja'cob Schaefer soon after the death of this leader in business life and high example in moral, religious and social circles in Minneapolis, where he made his home during the last twenty years of a busy and eventful career. His residence here was quiet, peaceful and prosperous, but previously he had experienced many privations, hardships and vicissitudes, in which he was severely tried by all extremes of fortune.

Mr. Schaefer was born at Baerenthal, near Strasburg, Germany, in 1809. and educated in the Strasburg schools. At the age of nineteen, while attending a normal school, he determined to come to the United States. He landed at Philadelphia, soon finding work as a clerk in a wholesale grocery. He went to Canton. Ohio, in 1842, and during the next year built an oil mill at Mishawaka, Indiana, but which was burned with a total loss. A few years later a flood swept away all his possessions and business at Rochester, Indiana. In 1849 he crossed the plains to California, and later went to Nicaragua, where he engaged in silver mining, only to be again overtaken by disaster. In 1852, on the Atlantic coast, he and six others contracted yellow fever. The six died and his own cofiin was prepared. But he recovered, only, however, to suffer shipwreck a few years later as he was return- ing after a more successful venture in Honduras. In 1860 he got back to Canton, Oliio, and in 1862 enlisted in the One Hundred and Fourth Ohio \'olunteer Infantry. Ue rose to the position of quartermaster of the Third Division, Twenty-third Army Corps, on the staff of General Jacob D. Cox. thus continuing to the end of the war.

In 1865 he came to Minneapolis and engaged in the lumber trade. He was successful and was soon recognized as not only a good business man but one on whom everybody tould place the utmost reliance. He was a modest man, however, and never sought or desired prominence, especially in public affairs. But the people being impressed by his fine business capacity and sterling worth elected him auditor of the county in 1870. This position he tilled for four years with credit to himself and decided benefit to the county. In 1878 he was chosen a member of the board of county commissioners, and during the next six years served as its chairman, retiring only a few months before his death. His services to the county in this position were also widely beneficial and they were appreciated by the public at their full value.

In his boyhood Mr. Schacfer became a member of the Presbyterian denomination, to which he adhered to the end. On coming to Minneapolis he joined Westminster Church and was recognized as one of its most prominent members. The associations and memories of military service were always dear, being ardent in devotion to old comrades. The Grand Army of the Republic has perpetuated his connection with it and his unblemished name in military circles, Jacob Schaefer Post being named in his honor.

Mr. Schaefer's wife was Miss Sarah Miller, a sister of Mrs. John H. Stevens. She accompanied him to Honduras in 1855, and was the first American lady to visit the interior of that country. Their daughter Francisca, now Mrs. VV. O. Winston, was born at Yuscaran, Honduras. Mr. Schaefer died March 9, 1885. Mrs. Schaefer survived him almost a quarter of a century, dying at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Winston, in February, 1908. A clearer insight into Mr. Schaefer's character can scarcely be given than that expressed in the quotation from one of his friends at the beginning of this sketch. He was true to every element of elevated manhood and to every requirement of duty in all relations of life.

Frederick B. Wright is a native of the Old Granite State, having been born in Coos County, New Hampshire. .lanuary 17, 1856. His father was Beriah Wright, and their forefather, too, was named Beriah and was a captain in the War of 1812. The other Beriah, father of Fred B., was a farmer, characterized by that sturdiness and |)ublic spiritedness which marked the men of New Hampshire. He gave his son good schooling in the district schools, and then the younger man entered the St. Johnsbury Academy, at St. Johnsbury, Vermont, an institution of learning long famous in New England. From the academy Fred Wright was graduated in 1878. For a time he followed the traditions of New England and taught school. Then W turned naturally to the law - for there have been many Wrights who have won prominence in that as well as the medical profession - and entered the law office of George A. Bingham in Littleton, New Hampshire. From there he went to Boston Law School, where he completed his studies preparatory to his admission to the bar. In 1883 the young man's course fumed westward, and he came to .Minneapolis to begin practice. Here the natural trend of affairs led Mr. Wright to take an interest in the political life of the community and his sturdy Republicanism carried him high in the councils of his party. He became active in the affairs of the State League of Republican Clubs during its ascendency in the politics of the state, and was president of that important organization. His activity a.s an advisor ill his party brought about his candidacy for the legislature, and he was elected to the lower house of that body in 1906. as a member from the fortieth district, comprising then the Fourth ward of Minneapolis. During the session of 1907, Mr. Wright was among the foremost members of the house of representatives, was chosen to serve on many of its most important committees, and was chairman of the drainage committee, as such bringing about the revision of the state drainage laws, a task for w^hich he is given chief credit. Mr. Wright served again as member of the house of representatives in the next session, in 1909, and then retired to give more time to his profession, although he continued to be sought out as an advisor in the affairs of the Republican party.

In addition to his political prominence .Mr. Wright is well known in the circles of the Masonic order. He is a member of the Blue Lodge, and the Knights Templar, as well as of the Shrine. He is deeply interested, also, in the civic organizations of his immediate community. Mr. Wright was married in 1884 to Miss Helen M. Comant, of Greensboro. Vermont, and tliev have four children.

William E. Wheeler

William E. Wheeler, president of the Northwestern .\utomobile company, 317 South Fourth street, was boni at Menasha, Wisconsin, February 25, 1873. He acquired his early education ill the ]iublic schools of his native city and then entered Daggett's Business college at Oslikosh. After graduating from that institution, he accepted a position in the offices of a wagon manufacturer at Superior, Wisconsin. In 1896 he came to Minneapolis and for three years was employed by the Deere & Webber company in charge of their bicycle department. This was during the time of the great popularity of the wheel and to keep the supply equal to the demand required alert and energetic business ability in the successful sales manager. At the end of three years he resigned his position with the Deere & Webber company and established himself as a bicycle dealer at 611 First avenue, south. On the advent of the automobile trade, he quickly grasped the greater possibilities of the industry with its menace to the business in which he was engaged and so became the pioneer automobile dealer of the Northwest, and was closely identified with rapid development of the industry. He was not discouraged by the failure of his first investment of $1,000 in an electric, which he finally disposed of, after four years, for $125, but handled succe-ssively the steam car and the gasoline. In 190.T he became agent for the Ford company and for the next ten years conilucteil an enormous sale of this car throughout the northwest. The Northwestern Automobile company, of which he is president, with Mr. I. R. Du Sault, secretary, and Mr. William Eggleston, vice president, was incorporated in 1900. with a capital stock of $100,000 and a cash investment of $5,500, which has increased to the present investment of $200,000, demanded bj' their extensive trade. They retain local agents in North and South Dakota, eastern Minnesota and northern Wisconsin and are now engaged in promoting the sale of the Krit car. The company requires the services of seventy-five employes, including the office force, salesmen and mechanics and operates a supply department which has become an important phase of the business. In addition to his successful commercial career, Mr. Wheeler has been actively associated with the real estate transactions of the city, erecting several residences and platting the Wheeler addition at Hennepin avenue and Thirtj'-fourth street. He is the owner of a farm at Rockford, Minnesota, and has extensive land interests in Minnesota, North Dakota and Canada. He is a member of the Civic and Commerce association, the New Athletic club, the Kandijohi Gun club and the Auto club. He was married to Miss Susan Wood at Waukau, Wisconsin, in 1900 and they have one daughter, Elydah Mary Wheeler. Mr. Wheeler and his family are communicants of the Lyndale Congregational church.

Joseph Edwin Ware

Joseph Edwin AVare, the primary factor in founding the St. Anthony Falls Bank and its cashier ever since it was first opened for business, is a native of Morrison, Illinois, where his life began on May 17, 1863. He is a son of Joseph and Martha Emma (Roy) Ware, highly respected citizens of the town of his nativity at the time of his birth. The father was an Etttorney at law there, and prospered in his business. His son Joseph obtained a high school education in Morrison, then attended Beloit College at Beloit, Wisconsin, and afterward Carleton College at Northfield, Minnesota, being graduated from the institution last named in 1883.

Mr. Ware has been connected with the banking business ever since he left school. He began his career as a bookkeeper in the Commercial Bank of Minneapolis, with which he remained until 1885. He then moved to Clark in that part of the territory of Dakota which is now the State of South Dakota, and was there engaged in banking in association with his brother until 1888. In that year he returned to Minneapolis and operated in this city in insurance and loans until 1893, when he founded the St. Anthony Falls Bank in company with some other enterprising gentlemen.

In religious affiliation Mr. Ware is a Presbyterian, and he takes a cordial interest in the social life of his community as a member of the Minneapolis Commercial club. He was married in Red Wing, Minnesota on April 28, 1886, to Miss Kate Belle Webster. His active and constant personal attention to the business of the St. Anthony Falls Bank has made that institution what it is in a large measure, and his genial and obliging nature has done a great deal to render it popular among the people of this city.

Charles C. Webber

C. and Ellen S. (Deere) Webber, the former a scion of old New Hampshire families and the latter of Vermont households established in Colonial times, and a daughter of John Deere, the plow manufacturer.

The father was a merthant and manufacturer at Rock Island, Illinois, and died there. They had five children who grew to maturity: Charles C, the subject of this brief review ; Mrs. W. G. Mixter, who is now a resident of New Haven, Connecticut; Mrs. T. A. Murphy,- whose home is at Rock Island, Illinois. The head of the house was successful in his business undertakings and a man of high standing in his community.

Charles C. Webber obtained his education in the public schools of his native city and at Lake Forest Academy in the city of the same name in another part of his native state. He attended the academy three years, completing his course of instruction there in 1877. He at once began his business career on leaving school in the line in which he is now engaged and with which lie has been connected from the start. After passing three years in the employ of Deere & Company, manufacturers at Moline, Illinois, working in the office and on the road as a salesman, he came to Minneapolis in January, 1881, when the firm founded its business in this state, to take charge of the interests of the house here. For twelve years the firm bore the same name here as in Illinois, but in 1893 the business was incorporated under the name of the Deere & Webber company. He is also vice-president of the old firm of Deere & Company at Moline, Illinois.

In the fiscal agencies of magnitude, which are numerous in this Northwestern metropolis, Mr. Webber has long taken an earnest interest and an active part. He is a director of the Security National Bank and the Minnesota Loan and Trust company, and a trustee of the Farmers and Mechanics Savings Bank.

He is an independent Democrat in political faith and practice, always willing to perform a good citizen's full duty toward securing the best government, local and general, but never seeking or desiring to aid in administering it as a publie official. In church relations he is a Presbyterian, and among the social organizations in the community he has allied himself in membership with two. the Minneapolis club and the Commercial club. He was married in Rochester, New York, to Miss Mary M. Harris of that city.

Oliver F. Warnes

Mr. Warnes is the head miller of the West Side Mills of the Pillsbury Company, and has personal supervision of the production of at least 10,000 barrels of flour a day, which is about half of the output of all the Pillsbury mills.

He was born June 19, 1856, at Polkton, Michigan, and as a child was taken to Wisconsin. His father, I. Warnes. was for years a practical flour miller in New York, in Michigan, and later at Neenah, Wisconsin. Oliver began learning the trade under his father, and in a few years became familiar with every detail in the process of manufacturing (lour.

In the spring of 1877, Mr. Warnes came to Minnesota, finding employment in the Trust mill at Minnesota City, where he dressed millstones for one year. The Hungarian process of flour milling was then attracting attention, and many lead-

Ing millers were adopting it. While at Decorah, Iowa, Mr. Warnes was among the first practical millers to operate that process in this country. He helpeil to install the Hungarian machinery in a new mill at Stillwater, one of tlie first of the large mills to adopt tlie system. When it was started a delegation of millers from Minneapolis visited it to inspect its workings and were convinced of its superiority.

Mr. Warnes then worked one year in the Crown Roller Mill, in Minneapolis, then returned to Stillwater to become second miller in the mill where he had formerly worked. He was employed in that position at the time of tlie historic mill explosion in Minneapolis, in 1878, visiting the scene of destructon next morning.

In 1885 his services were secured for the Piilsbury B mill, and in November, 1889, he was appointed head miller of the company's big mill at Anoka, where he remained for twenty years. This was at first a 750 barrel mill, but he enlarged its capacity to 1,500 barrels a day, employing forty-five men. In 1909 the company gave him charge of the "B" and the Anchor Mills in Minneapolis, in addition to the one at Anoka. He was soon made superintendent of the Palisade Mill, with gratifying results. Of the Company's whole output, which is in excess of 20,000 barrels a day, fully one-half is produced under his immediate oversight and direction.

While living at Anoka, Mr. Warnes was a member of the School Board and the Library Board of that city, and for a time served as a bank director. But his life w'ork has been devoted principally and without a break to flour milling in which industry he is considered an expert and authority.

Mr. Warnes was married at Stillwater in April. 1883. to Miss Laura W. Weatherbee, a native of Bangor, Me. They have one daughter, Carrie W., wife of R. L. Fairaisn, now general passenger agent of the Eastern Division of the Canadian Northern Railroad in Toronto. Canada. Mr. Warnes is a York and Scottish Rite Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He is a Past High Priest of Anoka Chapter of Royal Arch Masons. In religious ufliliation he is a Universalist and belongs to the Church of tlie Redeemer.

Frank H. Wadsworth

Soon after the first settlement of European colonists in New England two brothers, William and Christopher W^adsworth, left Yorkshire, England, and came to this country. William located at Newton, near Cambridge, Massachusetts, was selectman and became prominent and influential. When Governor Winthrop oppressed the citizens by seeking to limit the privilege of sufTrage to the members of the church to which lie belonged. William Wadsworth joined tlie famous liberal preacher. Hooker, in a demand for the total separation, of church and state. Their efforts being unsuccessful, in 1636 they removed to the valley of the Connecticut, where they expected to enjoy greater freedom of conscience and the right and opportunity of governing tliemselves.

John Wadsworth, who was the first lawyer licensed in Connecticut settled at Farmington in 1641. The title to his land was acquired directly from the Tunxis Indians, descended to the eldest son tlirough eight generations, finally reaching Winthrop M., the father of Frank H. and Henry H. On October 31, 1687, when the tyrannical governor, Sir Edmund AndroB, sought to seize the charter of the colony, granted by King Charles I, in 1642, Capt. Joseph Wadsworth, a brother of John, seized the precious document, carried it away in the dark and hid it in the historic Charter Oak, Later the charter was again restored, and continued to be the fundamental law of Connecticut until 1818.

After hiding the charter Joseph Wadsworth fled to the plantation of his brother John at F'armington. On this old plantation Frank H. Wadsworth was born, March 2, 1859, and there remained until he reached the age of twcnty-fivc. Ho attended the common Schools and two or three seminaries, and was graduated from the law department of Yale College in 1883. He became a resident of Miniieaiiolis in 1883, and has since then been actively and extensively engaged in the practice of his profession.

The old Wadsworth homestead at Farmington, has been the scene of historical events of importance, not only to New England, but the whole United States. The first Guernsey cattle brought into this tountry went to that farm, and in Farmington. Conn., the first creamery in New England was established. The owner of the farm at that time was Winthrop M. Wadsworth, the father of Frank and Henry, who was president of the State Agricultural Society and also of the .State Dairymen's Association, which controlled eighty creameries and wielded an influence that has been felt in every locality where dairying is carried on.

The firm of Wadsworth & Wadsworth, composed of Frank H. and Henry H. W'adsworth, is the oldest law firm in Minneapolis, being established Sefitember 7, 1883, and in civil and real estate law its practice is extensive. The members of the firm are not ollice seekers, but both being Republicans, they have worked earnestly for the success of their party. Their business, however, has engaged them mainly, and many large estates have been handled by them. They have placed in use in Minneapolis more than two million dollars of Eastern capital; and have themselves in late years been active builders, especially in the line of tenement and apartment houses.

Frank H. Wadsworth is given credit for having prepared the first and only complete history of the water power of the city, including the reservoir and preservation of the Falls. His work on this subject has won high praise and is held to be of inestimable value, especially by the Water Power company, which has complimented the author cordially on his worthy effort. He was married in 1888 to Miss .Mary L. Mattison, of Oswego, New York. They have two children: Winthrop M., who is a student in the University of Illinois, and Kate, who is a student in the University of >Iinnesota,

Governor Washburn was born in Livermore, Oxford county, Maine, on April 26, 1818, He was a son of Israel Washburn, some account of whose life will bi' found in a sketch of his younger brother, the late Hon. William Drew Wa-^hburn, which appears elsewhere in this work. The son had no academic advantages, and his ntlendante at the public school in his native town ended when he reached the age of eighteen years. During the next three years he was engage.l in several different occupations, including clerking in a country store, teaching a village school and clerking in a postofflce, all of which were useful to him in preparing for his great career, tor he was alwaj's observant and studious, and made every hour of his time and every phase of his experience serviceable in helping him up the steep incline to complete success, of which he determined in early life to reach the summit. He also began the study of law in the office of his uncle, Kewel Washburn, a prominent lawyer of his native town.

When Mr. Washburn attained his majority he determined to seek a new home and ampler opportunity for the employment of his business capacity in what was then the far West, and took up his residence at Davenport, Iowa, where he taught school for a time, then joined the Iowa Geological Survey under David Dale Owen. He was prepared for usefulness in this connection by a study of surveying and practice in the profession before he left Maine. He also continued his law studies as he had opportunity, as progress was the law of his being and he was ever obedient to it.

In 1840 Mr. Washburn was appointed surveyor of Rock Island county, Illinois, but two years later he moved to Mineral Point, Wisconsin, and began the practice of law. For this purpose and others he formed a partnership with Cyrus Woodman, agent of the New England Land company, and while practicing law was his principal business, he also availed himself of the crowding opportunities for good investments in timber lands, whereby he laid the foundation of a large fortune. In addition to extensive holdings in the pine region of Wisconsin he acquired large tracts of similar land in this state and also secured interests which commanded the riparian ownership of the Falls of St. Anthony. Mr. Washburn and his partner also established a bank at Mineral Point, and thus, through his law practice, his dealings in land and his financial operations in the bank, he became widely and favorably known throughout Southern Wisconsin. In 1855 he was elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, and was twice re-elected, serving six years in all, his third term ending on March 4, 1861, and having at the end of that period a national reputation of the first rank. By the end of his last term in Congress the Civil war had begun, and this eminent patriot determined to help to enforce on the battlefield the principles he had so ardently espoused in the councils of the nation. He therefore declined another term in Congress and turned his energies into military channels in defense of the Union.

Mr. Washburn entered the war at its beginning and laid down his sword onlj- wlien peace had been re-established. He recruited the Second Wisconsin regiment of Cavalry and was made its commander with the rank of colonel. Promotions in the service followed rapidly, due in part to the confidence President Lincoln, who knew him well, had in him, but all earned by meritorious service. In .lune, 1862, he was commissioned brigadier general, and in November of the same year major general of volunteers. He served in the Vicksburg campaign, had command of the Thirteenth army corps in a series of brilliant exploits on the gulf coast, and was finally plated in charge of the military district of Western Tennessee at Memphis. His services throughout the war were valiant and skilful and vastly useful.

At the close of the war General Washburn ret\irned to Wisconsin and was again elected to Congress for two terms, serving from 1867 to 1871. This was during the important era of reconstruction, and his services in rehabilitating the states which had been in the Confederacy, and restoring order and harmony, were also signal and highly appreciated. His last service in the National House of Representatives was followed by an immediate call to the governorship of Wisconsin, which he filled during the years 1872 and 1873. He gave the state a thoroughly practical business administration which contributed greatly to its advancement and prosperity.

By the end of his term as governor he found his business interests ciying aloud for attention from him, and he retired from public life to give them that attention. He had large holdings in the pineries of Wisconsin, and he founded lumber factories on a large scale in La Crosse. He had married Miss Jenny Garr of New York, and for her and the two daughters who then constituted the family, he built a handsome residence in Madison, the capital of the state.

In 1850, as already stated, Mr. Washburn acquired extensive tracts of pine land in Minnesota, and a controlling interest in the water power at St. Anthony Falls. The Minneapolis Mill company was incorporated in 1856, with him as one of its principal owners. He was a director and at times president of the Water Power company, and an earnest advocate of and inrtuential potency in making the most substantial improvements in the property. It was a source of great satisfaction to him that he lived to see his largest hopes in respect to this property and its expensive improvement fully realized.

In 1876 the governor erected a large flouring mill at the Falls, and after sending agents abroad to examine the most approved methods of milling in Europe, he introduced the Hungarian iron roller process, and also adopted the newly invented middling purifier. The "New Process" flour attained wide popularity and there was a great demand for it in all parts of the country. Two years of great prosperity for the mill and its owners followed, then, in 1878, came the disastrous explosion and fire which totally destroyed the mill and took a toll of the lives of seventeen of its employes. This loss of life, although due to the want of no known precaution, was a source of great sorrow to Governor Washburn. He sympathetically aided the families of the men killed and injured, and gathered the remains of the dead into one burial place, over wliich he had erected a granite monument inscribed with this sentiment from Carlyle: "Labor, wide as the earth, has its summit in Heaven," which truly represents his views on the subject.

As soon as preparations could be completed the mill was rebuilt on a larger scale and with more perfect machinery than before; and another large mill was built near it with capacious store rooms for wheat. These mills were Continuously operated during his life, and by a wise provision of his will their operation has been kept up by his representatives since his death.

Both as a far-seeing business man and as a patriotic citizen eager for tin" development and advancement of his state. Governor Washburn took a deep, practical and helpful interest in the expansion of the railroad facilities of Minneapolis. He became a large stockholder in the Minneapolis & St. Louis Railway company and served on its board of directors. He also shared with his more actively interested brother, the late William D. Washburn, in solicitude for the construction of the line to connect this city with the Atlantit seaboard by way of Sault Ste. Marie, which was a project first suggested by the older brother. Governor Israel Washburn.

While Governor Washburn was more successful than most men in his business enterprises, he was more than most successful men eager to devote his wealth to worthy purposes.

Many years before his death he joined witli his brothers in presenting to their native town of Livermore, Maine, a free publie library. As governor of Wisconsin he was olllcially connected with the State Iniversity and became earnestly interested in its welfare. In recognition of his learning and ability it conferred on him the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws. In 1S78 he showed his interest in the welfare of the institution in having erected an astronomical observatory in Madison, and when it was completed and thoroughly equipped with the most modern instruments for its purposes he presented it to the University. About the same time he endowed at Edgewood, near Madison, the St. Regina Academy. His post mortem public benefactions were a public library at La Crosse and the Washburn Orphan Home in Minneapolis. For these his bequests were liberal - $50,000 for the La Crosse library and $75,000 for the Orphans' Home.

In this connection it should be stated that about the time he made his will. Governor Washburn wrote to a friend: "I long have had the thought that 1 ought to do something for mankind before resigning up this pleasing, an.xious being." His life work was then drawing to its close, and this seemed to be his heart's desire. While the Astronomer scans the starry firmament to solve the stupendous problems of the universe; while the generations of youth draw from the garnered treasures of learning inspiration and strength for the work of life; while the children of poverty or misfortune are sheltered and trained for lives of industry and virtue, the generations as they come and go in this growing Northwest through the ages will testify that this noble man "did something for mankind."

His impulses were elevated and liberal. In politics he was a radical Republican from the strength of his convictions, but in dealing with his political opponents he was tolerant and considerate from the nobility of his nature, and in religion he was the incarnation of liberality. His whole career strongly illustrates the possibilities of a noble manhood. He died at Eureka Springs, Arkansas, on May 13, 1882, after two or three years of failing health, and his remains were laid to rest in a cemetery in La Crosse, where he made his home during his last years. Two married daughtere still survive him: .leannette, who is the wife of A. W. Kelsey of I'hiladelphia. and Kanny. who is the wife of Charles Payson of Washington, D. C. It needs scarcely be said that his death called forth testimonials to his great ability, worth, line business capacity and fidelity to every duty in many parts of the country, and made this city and many others in which he was well known, mourn deeply the loss of one of America's best and truest citizens.

Ik In. Wim.I.V.M Dkkw Wasiiiu Kn

The late Hon. William Drew Washburn of Minneapolis was essentially a man of high character - clear in perception, resolute in pursuit, quick and firm in decision. These qualities gave him force and leadership among men and wrought out for him a record in industrial, commercial and political life, creditable alike to himself and to the people in whose service it was made. True, he belonged to a ilistinguished family - one that has givi>n to this country a I'niteil States secretary of state, two governors, four members of congress, one United States senator, one major general in the army, one second in conwnand in the United States navy, one surveyor general, two foreign ambassadors, two state legislators and three distinguished men who were at the same time members of congress from different states. But the subject of this writing made his own record, and without the aid of circumstances, except as he commanded them to his service, and made them wings and weapons for his advancement.

Mr, Washburn was born at Liverniore, Androscoggin county, Maine, on .lanuary 14. 1831. Me was a son of Israel Washburn, a descendant of John D. Washburn who came over in the Mayllower. The senator was reared on a farm an<l began his education in the district Schools, and early had among his teachers Hon. Timothy O. Howe, long afterwards a United States senator from Wisconsin, and Leonard Swett, later a prominent lawyer in Chicago, and the man who presented Lincoln's name for the presidency to the national Republican convention in 1860. The future founder of an imperial industry in the then almost untrodden West also attended a higli school in his native place, and after a preparatory course at Farmington, Maine, entered Bowdoin college in that state in the fall of 1850. He was graduated from that institution in 1854 with the degree of A. B.. and received from it in 1902 that of LL. D. On completing his college course he studied law, beginning his professional studies in the office of his brother Israel and completing them for admission to the bar in that of Hon. .John A. Peters of Bangor, afterward chief justice of the supreme court of Maine. On May 1, 1857, he became a resident of St, Anthony Falls, where he opened an office and practiced law two yeare. But having a mind that was essentially constructive in character, the conditions at the place naturally turned his energies into other channels. In the fall of 1857 he accepted a position as agent for the Minneapolis Mill company, and at once began to improve the Falls on the west side of the river. After a service of ten years as agent of this company, and enlarging its capacity, equipment and output to great proportions, he engaged in the lumber business, building the Lincoln sawmill on the Falls, and another extensive one at Anoka. In addition he became extensively interested in the manufacture of flour, and the principal owner of the mills which were later incorporated with the Pillsbury properties, the name of the new industrial giant being the Pillsbury-Washburn Milling company, which is now known far and wide as the largest Hour milling enterprise in the world.

Tn these colossal imdertakings Mr. Washburn found full scope for his active and versatile mind and ample rewards for the conscientious and all-compiering i^nergy he devoted to them. And with characteristic foresight and breadth of view, seeking to enlarge his own production and those of the whole of his section by providing for them a cheap and speedy outlet to the best markets, he became one of the most active and resourceful promoters of internal improvements and general public utilitii'S in this part of the country. If was largely through his and public spirit that the Minneapidis ft St. Louis Railroad was built, he being the president of the corporation and its inspiring and controlling genius for many years, beginning with the inception of the enterprise in 1869. He was also the most inHuential an.l serviceable potency in the projection and construction of the Minneapolis, St. Paul & Saulf Ste. Marie Railroad, which was built originally from Minneapolis to Sault Ste. Marie where it connected with the Canailian Pacilie helping to form an independent rnrapeting line to New York and New England, and thus rendering a service of incalculable benefit to the whole Northwest in reducing freight rates between the great business center and distributing point at which he resided and the Atlantic coast; and by its subsequent connection with the Canadian Pacific westward, jjerforming the same service for shippers to the Pacific coa'st.

As time passed, and one after another of his projects for the improvement of the country advanced from hope to fruition, his insatiable enterprise found new fields for its employment and opened new regions to settlement and productiveness. In lUOl he began the construction of the Bismarck, Washburn & Great Falls Railroad, which he completed to Underwood, a distance of about sixty miles. Having by this time placed Iiis new highway of commerce on a firm basis and assured its further progress to its destined far western terminal, he sold his interests in it to the "Soo" system, and turned his attention to the promotion of other industries which his invasion of the region had called from the sleep of ages to wakefulness and beneficent activity, and which have themselves spoken into being a municipal entity, named Washburn in his honor, which is now the county seat of McLean county. North Dakota. Where Wilton has since grown to consequence in that county, he opened a lignite coal mine that has developed from a Small and dubious beginning to a daily output of some 2,000 tons of excellent coal.

Another great enterprise for the improvement and further development of the upper Mississippi river region which Mr. Washburn started and fostered and guided to its completion was the building of reservoire at the head of the river, a work of the United States government whi'ch has contributed enormously to the extension and betterment of navigation, and the greater safety, productiveness and wealth of the region, by preventing the recurrence of the disastrous floods that had previously for years wrought great havoc. And still another production of his far-seeing practical wisdom and business acumen, and one as important and far-reaching as any other, was the construction of government dams and locks at Meeker Island in the Mississippi between Minneapolis and 8t. Paul, to make the river navigable to St. Anthony Falls for the largest river boats, and also utilize a water power of enormous volume, the first appropriation for the work being made through his personal efforts and influence while he was a member of the United States senate, where he was of great service to the state in many ways.

In political faith Mr. Washburn was always an earnest sincere Republican, and as such served his city and state in a number of important ofl!icial positions. He was a member of the legislature in 1858 and again in 1871. In 1861 President Lincoln appointed him Surveyor general of the Minnesota territorial distri'ct. In 1878, 1880 and 1882, he was elected to the United States hou.se of representatives, serving six years continuously and reaching high rank in the body as one of its most useful and influential membei's. And in 1888 he was chosen to represent his state in the United State senate. In the woild's most exalted legislative forum he showed great ability, industry and resourcefulness and a comprehensive knowledge of public afl'airs, from which his state received signal benefit in many ways, and so bore himself that all of his colleagues respected and most of them admired him.

In religious afliliation Senator Washburn was long zealously and serviceably connected with the Universalist church, which, through his efforts and those of others like him, has become, in material resources and beneficent influence, one of the strongest if not the strongest of all the religious organizations in this part of the country. In 1901 he was elected president of its national convention, a position that he filled acceptably for two years, surrendering the trust at the close of the meeting in October, 1903, which was held in Washington, D. C, and over whose deliberations he presided with distinguished ability.

He was also, from the founding of the Washburn Orphans' Home of Minnesota, located in this city, to his death, one of its trustees and president of the board. This noble institution, designed and conducted as a home for needy children of the state who have lost one or both parents, was founded on a bequest of .$75,000 left for the purpose by the senator's brother, Hon. Cadwallader C. Washburn, for eight years a member of the United States house of representatives, before the Civil war, and later governor of Wisconsin. Conducted on a high plane of eleemosynary benevolence, the Home is widely known as one of the best of its kind, and as combining in its management enlightened public-spirited, great breadth of view and judicious business capacity.

Senator Washburn was married on April 19, 1859, to Miss Lizzie Muzzy, a daughter of Hon. Franklin Muzzy, one of Maine's eminent citizens. Nine children, six sons and three daughters, six of whom are living. Mrs. Washburn is still living, and the six children who survive their father are: William D., Jr., who is a member of the State legislature of Minnesota and has his home in this city; Edward C, also a, resident of Minneapolis, who was associated with his father in his coal industry in North Dakota, and is general manager of several western corporations; Cadwallader, who is an artist of distinction; Stanley, who is a well known journalist and came into special prominence as a war correspondent during the terrible conflict between Russia and Japan; Mrs. E. F. Baldwin, who is the wife of one of the editors of the Outlook magazine; and Mrs. Halden Wright, who resides in Maine near the old Washburn homestead, amid the scenes and associations in which the senator found great delight during his boyhood and youth.

Senator Washburn's useful life ended at "Fair Oaks," his home in Minneapolis, on Monday night, July 29, 1912, after an eight days' fight for life. He had reached the advanced age of eighty-one years, six months and fifteen days, and although he had been a suflerer from the malady that was fatal to him for some time, until a few months before his death he appeared to be in his customary health and was vigorous for his age, which showed the strength of his constitution and the firmness of his fiber. He was benignant and sunny in his disposition, considerate and companionable toward all who had the privilege of association with him, and his life was full of high productiveness.

Edward Pavson Wells

The man who knows his bent and follows it, who realizes the field of endeavor for which his faculties are best suited and seeks and adheres to that field in the use of them, is almost certain of success, and that of a magnitude dependent only on his ability to find his opportunities for advancement or make them, even out of advei-se circumstances, and employ them to the best advantage. Edward Payson Wells of Minneapolis, banker, flour miller and at one time prominent

Mr. Wells is a native of Troj-, Wisconsin, where his life began on Xovember 9, 1847. He is a son of Milton and Melissa (Smith) Wells, both born in Wayne county, New York. The father was a Congregational minister in the birthplace of his son, and able to aflord good school facilities for his children, which he was well pleased to do, fully realizing his duty in the matter and diligent and liberal in the performance of it.

The son began his education in the common schools of his native place and completed it at an excellent academy in Wolcott, Xew York. He did not seek more advanced scholastic training, for from his youth he felt a strong inclination to mercantile and manufacturing pursuits, and was restless until lie was free to enter upon the business career he was eager to work out for himself. Accordingly, at an early age he was glad to leave school and start in business as a produce commission merchant in Milwaukee. He continued to operate in this line until 1878, when he founded the Wells-Dickey company at Jamestown, in what was then the territory of Dakota. The company is engaged in the McKnight building' in investment banking and dealing in farm mortgages and municipal, railroad and public service bonds. Mr. Wells has been its president from the time when it was founded.

In 1895 Mr. Wells turned his attention to the milling industry, and he is now president of the Russell-JIiller Jlilling company, which operates in Jlinneapolis, and conducts its business on a large and very enterprising scale. In 1881 he was elected president of the James River National Bank, of Jamestown, North Dakota, which he served in that capacity until 1905, when he resigned, but he has ever since maintained an official relation to the institution as one of its directors. He is also one of the directors of tlie Northwestern National Bank of Minneapolis, President of tlie Electric Steel Klevator company of Minneapolis and a director of the Nortli American Telegraph company.

The business interests and engagements of Mr. Wells are numerous and various, and it can easily be inferred that they are very exacting. Nevertheless, wherever he has lived Since he began his business career he has taken an active and very serviceable part in public affairs. In 1880 and ISSl he was a member of the territorial legislature of Dakota, and in 1882 and 1883 chairman of the Dakota Tax Commission. He has always given his political faith and allegiance to the Republican party, and served as chairman of the Territorial Central Committee of Dakota for tliat party from 1883 to 1885. At present he is senior vice president of the Civic and Commerce Association of Minneapolis, of whidi he was one of the organizers, and of which he has, from the start of its history, been a prominent and energetic member.

Mr. Wells also takes an earnest interest and an active part in the club and social life of his home community, holding membership in the Minneapolis, Minikahda and Lafayette clubs of this city. In religious affiliation he is a Univcrsalist. He was married in Minneapolis on March 8, 1871, to Miss Nellie March .Johnson, whose father, Joseph S. .lohnson settled in Minneapolis in 1S54 and became the owner of and lived on the 160 acres bounded by Nicollet avenue, Grant street, Lyndale avenue and Franklin avenue, including much of the present Loring Park and the choice residential Oakwood, Clifton avenues, Woodland and Ridgewood avenues.

Martin C. Williams

JIartin C. Williams, president of the Northwestern Casket company, was born in Granville. New York. December 30, 1849, a son of John H. and Louisa (Crocker) Williams. He i-eaehed the age of fifteen in his native place and obtaining his early education in the public schools of I'oultncy. Vermont, and coming to Michigan at fifteen he took a course in a commercial college at Ann Arbor.

He worked two years at the carpenter's trade, was a hardware merchant from 1872 to 1874, and was for eight years in the retail furniture trade in Evart, Michigan. He then, in 1882, came to Minnesota, and for one year was a jobber in undertakers' supplies in St. Paul, in 1883, accepting the position of vice president and general manager of the Northwestern Casket company, Hon. E. M. Johnson being president. Mr. Williams succeeded to the presidency at the death of Mr. Johnson. Its business has constantly expanded, the reputation of its products for excellence of material and workmanship being unsurpassed. It employs 125 workmen, eleven being salesmen, who cover territory extending to the coast.

He is also vice president and treasurer of the Minneapolis Office and School Furniture company, another important industry and holds active relationship with other enterprises including the Silverplate company at Elgin, Illinois. He is a member of the New Athletic, the St. Anthony Commercial, the Lafayette and the Auto chibs, and is a trustee and treasurer of St. Barnabas Hosjiital. Public affairs received his attention somewhat, every worthy undertaking finding in him a cordial, practical and energetic supporter. He is no politician, but as a good citizen is swayed by no other motive than an earnest desire to promote the general welfare. He was married in 1883 to Miss Carrie S. Minchin of Pontine, Michigan. They have three children, Bessie Gillette, Roy M. and Margaret Reynolds, the son being a director in the Minneapolis Office and School Furniture company.

Albert Frederick Woods

Professor Albert Frederick Woods, Dean and Director of Agriculture and Forestry at the University of Minnesota, has reached the elevated position he holds in the educational system of this state and the cordial esteem of the people of Minnesota through careful use of the opportimities for training his naturally strong mentality which have come to or been sought out by him, and making every day of his time from youth tell to his advantage, improvement and advancement.

Professor Woods is a native of Boone county, Illinois, born at Bonus Prairie, near Belvidcre, on December 25, 1866. When he was live years old his parents moved to a farm of 500 acres at Downers Grove, in Dupage county, that state, and there he was reared to manhood and obtained a common and high school education. In 1S84 he moved to Nebraska, where he passed one j'ear on the range in charge of his father's cattle. He also did farm work there, and, nt the same time, jiursued a cour.se of study in the University of Nebraska, teaching a country school one winter.

The professor was graduated from the University in 1890, after which he became assistant to Dr. Bessey in the botanical department and also carried on post graduate work in the University, from which he received the degree of A. M. in 1892. He continued to act as assistant to Dr. Bessey until February, 1893, when he was appointed assistant chief and pathologist of the division of plant pathology in the United States Department of Agriculture at Washington, D. C.

While in the service of the government Professor Woods received many marks of distinction for his ability and readiness in the use of it and his extensive attainments. He was much sought after as a writer of articles on special subjects connected with the work of the Department with which he was connected for government publications, encyclopedias and scientific and practical journals. In 1905 he was sent as a representative of the government to the assembly of agricultural experts which founded the International Institute of Agriculture at Rome, in which all the leading nations of the world were represented. During the same year he also represented the United States government at the International Botanical Congress, which was held in the city of Vienna, Austria.

In February, 1910, Professor W'oods was appointed Dean and Director of Agriculture and Forestry and of the experiment stations in the University of Minnesota, and since that time the people of this state have had the benefit of his useful and stimulating acquisitions and faithful work in a very important department of their educational and productive industries. The University of Nebraska recently conferred on him the honorary degree of Doctor of Agriculture D. Agr. While living in Washington, D. C, he was united in marriage with Miss Bertha Geneaut Davis, who is also a writer of renown. They have two children.

Ralph Day Webb

Having been engaged in business on his own account as public accountant and auditor during the last nine years, Ralph Day Webb, now a member of the firm of Temple, Webb & Company, certified public accountants, has had a good opportunity to realize the promise of his earlier career and demonstrate that he is a man of exceptional business ability and comprehensiveness of grasp, full of enterprise and resourcefulness, and Strict in his integrity in all his dealings. Prior to forming his partnership with H. M. Temple, which was started on October 1, 1909, Mr. Webb had built up an extensive business of his own. and made himself a business force of influence and potency in the community, whose value was recognized by all classes of the people.

Mr. Webb is a native of Lenawee county. Michigan, where his life began on August 28, 1862. on a farm about four miles from the city of Adrian. His father, .lames Knapp Webb, owned and cultivated this farm, and on it the son passed the early part of his life. He obtained the customary grammar and preparatory school education of the locality, and then continued his mental training at the Raisin Valley Seminary. This institution he entered in 1876 and from it he was graduated in 1880,

Having no inclination for a professional life Mr. Webb did not take up college work, but started at once to build up a commercial career, and in carrying out his purpose he has been connected with several diflferent business enterprises. For about two yeare and a half he was associated with the retail hardware trade, and then turned his attention to the

In the year last mentioned Mr. Webb accepted an offer from the Minnesota Loan and Trust company of Minneapolis, and during the next four years he was connected with the mortgage department of that institution. In 1901 he resigned to take a position with the .John Leslie Paper company as credit manager. This position he filled with great credit to himself and benefit for the company for about four years and a half. He then severed his connection with the Leslie company in 1905 in order to be free to open an office as a public accountant and auditor. He was engaged in this business alone with steadily increasing success and constantly expanding business until October 1, 1909, when he formed a partnership with H. M. Temple under the firm name and style of Temple, Webb & Company, certified public ac'countants, with which he has ever since been actively connected. The firm has offices in the Lumber Exchange, Minneapolis, and the Germania Life Building, St. Paul.

Mr. Webb takes an active and serviceable interest in all the business enterprises which are carried on for the good of his home cit}'. He is a member of the Minneapolis Club, the Minneapolis Athletic club, the Rotary club and the Interlachen Country club. He is also a zealous factor in the fraternal life of the city as a Freemason of high degree and an ardent worker for the good of the fraternity. He belongs to Hennepin Lodge No. 4, A. F. & A. M., and in 1898 served as its Worshipful Master. He is also a member of St. John's Chapter No. 9, Royal Arch Masons; Minneapolis Council No. 2, Royal and Select Masons; Zion Commandery No. 2, Knights Templar, and Minneapolis Consistory No. 3, Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite Masons. From 1901 to 1904 he was Master of St. Vincent de Paul Chapter, Rose Croix, No. 3, of Scottish Rite Bodies. He was married on .June 17, 1903, to Miss Lyla B. Baker.

Samuel White

Samuel White was born in Iowa county. Wisconsin, June 3, 1850. He was graduated in 1870 from the Oshkosh State Normal School, a member of the first class which was graduated from the institution. He then taught for eight yeare in Iowa, and during the next fourteen was variously employed. In 1892 he came to Minneapolis, and since then he has been actively engaged in dealing in real estate.

On December 3, 1874, Mr. \Miite was joined in wedlock with Miss Margaret Thompson, a native of Yorkshire, England, reared from childhood in Grant county, Wisconsin, and also a graduate of the State Normal School. She also taught in Iowa for a number of years, having among her pupils several persons who have since become distinguished, including John R. Mott, head of the International Organization of the Young Men's Christian Association and originator of the Student Volunteer movement, and the Stacy brothers, the commission men of Minneapolis.

Mr. White was an effective minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, having spent twenty years in the ministry as a member of the Upper Iowa, and Minnesota Conference. He was stationed at Brainerd for three years and while there built two churthes, one at Brainerd proper and the other at

History Of Minneapolis And Hennepin Coixty. .Mixnksota

£a8t Braincrd, also a Parsonage. At Alexandria while there built a church and parsonage. At St. Paul Park where he served at two difTerent times he built a large church. At each of these places Rev. White was very successful in services where many were converted and joined the church. He also assisted many pastors in revival services in Minnesota, Iowa and Wisconsin.

Mr. and Mrs. White have one son, F. D. White, D. D. S., whose ollice is in the Masonic Temple. He was graduated from the University of Minnesota in the class of 1900, was married to Miss Leonora fSchnell, a graduate in the class of 1907, who was for a time teacher of (ierman in the high school at Sleepy Eye.

Mr. and Jlrs. White are active members of the Hennepin Avenue Methodist Episcopal church, she being particularly zealous in the missionary work and other activities of the Ladies' Society. Both are interested in the enduring welfare of the community and earnest in elTorts to |)romote it, mentally, morally, socially and materially.

Krederick John Wullixg

The name of Frederick John WuUing will always be inseparably linked with that of the College of Pharmacy in the University of Minnesota, for it was he who organized the college as a distinctive department in 1892. and from the beginning of the department was its dean. Before he was called by the Board of Regents of the University to that institution. Mr. Wulling was already widely known as an authority in his subjects, and was recognized as one of the foremost men of his profession as a student and a devotee of research work. He had added immeasurably to that reputation since his connection with the University and lias brought honor to his college.

Frederick J. W'ulling is a native of Brooklyn, New York, where he was born in 1866. His father was an architect by profession. When he was four years old his father's family took up their permanent residence in what had been their summer home in Carlstadt, New .Jersey, a suburb of the American metropolis, and there the son obtained his schooling in the grades and the high school, and business training in New York City during last year at high school and succeeding year. The young man's ambition pointed his way to college work and to a professional education. In 1884 he accepted a position with college privileges with Dr. C. W. Braeutigam. taking up the study of medicine, giving part of his time also to translations from German, French, Spanish and Italian technical journals. Shortly he showed great profitiency in pharmacy, to which he sul)sc(iuently gave most of his attention, and to such end that he had passed the senior examinations in pharmacy and its allied branches before the examining boards of New York and Brooklyn and of New- Jersey when he was graduated from the New York College of Pharmacy in 1887. His leadership is indicated by the fact that he won by competitive examination a senior scholarship and that he was graduated at the head of his class, receiving the gold medal and an analytical balance for supremacy and also one hundred dollars in gold for high scholarship. Meanwhile he hail been attending lectures at the College of Physicians and Surgecms of Columbia University. In addition to his scholarship honors the young student was also for the last year of his course in the College of Pharmacy a lecture assistant to Professor Bedford, then rated the highest authority in the pharmacist's profession. In 1887 be was elected to a full instructorship, and the course of his life was definitely laid out. In 1890 he was made assistant professor of pharmacy in the college from which he had been graduated, and the next year he was made professor of inorganic pharmaco-diagnosis in the Brooklyn College of Pharmacy, and he remained in this position until he was called to the deanship of the College of Pharmacy which he was to establish in the University of Minnesota. This was in 1892.

Meanwhile Dean Wulling had already been becoming known in the universities of the Old World. Immediately after his graduation in 1887 he had made a tour of Europe, visiting the principal seats of learning on the continent, among them, Munich, Berlin, Goettingen and Paris, Then he returned to America and took up further post-graduate work in the Hoagland Laboratory of Bacteriology. Two years later, in 1889. he went again to Europe on a study and observation trip studying especially the methods of teaching ehemistry in the leading German universities.

Upon coming to the University of Minnesota, Dean Wulling took up further study in that institution, and during the next five years received the degrees of Phm. D., LL. B. and LL. M. This is in addition to the degrees of Ph. G. and Ph. C. He is well known abroad as well as at home, having again made tours of European university cities and research centers, notably those of Scotland, England. France, Belgium, Germany and Austria in 1893, 1896 and 1911. He has been and is now a frequent contributor to scientific journals, and has published a great number of papers and essays as well as several large works, which include his "Evolution of Botany," his "Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry," his "Experiments for Beginners." his "Chemistrv' of the Carbon Compounds," and other technical works of his profession, with a "Course of Law for Pharmacists."

Dean Wulling is a member of a number of scientific societies, in whith he is known as a prosecutor of much original research work. He has been president of the Northwestern Branch of the American Pharmaceutical Association; he is chairman of the .Scientific Section of the Minnesota State Pharmaceutical Association since 1904; he has been an executive officer of the American Conferente of Pharmaceutical Faculties, and in addition has taken an active part in the work of the executive officers of the University of Minni-sota; Fellow American Association for the Advancement of Science; member of the American Chemical Society, of the Chemists' Club of New York City, of the American Pharmaceutical Asso<'iation, of the American Conference of Pharmaceutical Faculties, etc.. vice president of the Minnesota Academy of Sciences since 1909.

James Franklin Williamson

Senior member of the firm of Williamson and Merchant, patent attorneys, was born at Osborn. near Dayton, Ohio, January 9, 1H.')3. being the son of George C. and Sarah A. Williamson, of Scotch-Irish and German ancestry, respec- tively. His grandfather, James W. Williamson, was one of the pioneer settlers (1803) of the Miami Valley, Ohio. Mr. James F. Williamson has had the advantage of a common school and liberal education. He entered Princeton University in 1873 and graduated with the class of 1877. receiving the degree of A. B. Having been elected to the Fellowship of Social Science in 1877, he continued his studies at Princeton University for two years, giving especial attention to Jurisprudence, Civil Government, Political Economy, and Philosophy; and, in 1879, received the further degree of Ph. D., on examination, for post-graduate work.

He began the study of law at Cincinnati in the office of Mr. George Hoadley, later Governor of Ohio; and. in 1881, he removed to Minneapolis, there continuing his studies in the law office of Loehren, McNair & GilflUan, and was admitted to the Bar of Minnesota in December of that year.

After a competitive examination, he was appointed, late in 1881, a member of the Examining Corps of the United States Patent Office, and continued in that position for several years. In 1885, he resigned from government service and opened his office in Minneapolis, Minnesota, making a specialty of Patent and Trade-mark Law. He was successful from the start and has long had a well-established reputation as a practitioner before the United States Courts and the Patent Office in these technical, difficult and exacting branches of the law.

In 1900, Mr. Frank U. Merchant, a former student in Mr. Williamson's office, was taken into partnership, and the said firm is now widely and favorably known.

Mr. Williamson belongs to the Minneapolis Club, the Civic & Commerce Association, and to the University Clubs of Minneapolis, Chicago and Jsew York.

Mr. Williamson was an early and active supporter of Woodrow Wilson for President of the United States. To this end, he became Vice President of the Woodrow Wilson Club of Minneapolis and was Acting President most of the time. He helped to carry the City of Minneapolis and County of Hennepin for Wilson to the State Convention; became one of the two delegates from Hennepin County to the Baltimore Convention, doing effective work, was Minnesota's representative on the Notification Committee, and was active in the final campaign for the nominee.

in his native town, and later on daily papers in Cleveland. When he was twenty-two he followed "the course of empire" and established "The Daily Republican," in Mitchell, South Dakota, where in twelve years he built up the business from almost nothing to the requirements of a $20,000 plant. Going to Mitchell in that early day, 1883, he won friends and was a "live wire," and as there were many other live ones in the new country, it is a tribute to his ability that he stood among the foremost.

He was assistant Secretary of Dakota territory, and was secretary of the commission which removed the territorial capital from Yankton to Bismarck in 1883. He was a Republican leader from the start, for he was experienced as a political reporter in the Garfield campaign in Ohio in 1880, being stationed at Mentor as correspondent for the Cleveland Leader. He had thus close friendships with Garfield and other important men and it was natural that he Should be at the front in Dakota. From 1889 to 1893 he was receiver of the United States land office at Mitchell.

In 1894 he sold his holdings in South Dakota, and came to Minneapolis td reenter the larger field of journalism. For ten years he was on the editorial staff of the Tribune writing special articles, covering big political events, and presenting over his own signature his views of current ail'airs. In 1905 he became secretary to Mayor David P. Jones, continuing as such for two years. He then established an advertising agency with offices in the Twin Cities, a business which occupied him for two years more. On the death of Governor John A. Johnson, in 1909, and Lieutenant Governor A. 0. Eberhart's succession he was chosen by the new governor as his private secretary. It was from close association with Mr. VVTieelock for four years that the governor concluded that he was admirably suited to the duties and responsibilities of membership on the State Board of Control, appointing him to a six-year term.

In October, 1886, Mr. Wheelock married Miss Lillian G. Steele of Bismarck, N. D. They have two daughters. Adelaide and Hazel, both of whom are well known in art circles as well as in the Social life of Minneapolis. They affiliate with St. Mark's Episcopal church.

It was by virtue of long experience in administrative and executive affairs that Governor Eberhart selected Ralph W. Wheelock to be a member of the Minnesota State Board of Control, the body which is responsible for the conduct of nearly every public institution, outside of the University and normal schools, under direct state control. Governor Eberhart had come to know Mr, Wheelock intimately while he was his private secretary, thus being convinced of the wisdom of placing him in his present responsible position,

Mr. Wheelock was born in Oberlin, Ohio, Sept. 24, 1860. Naturally his early schooling was like that of most boys, but in his 'teens he entered another school, which provided a broader learning. He obtained much of his education in a printing office, and in his youth became a reporter first

F. L. Williams, president of the Central State bank of Minneapolis, is a native of Pennsylvania. In 1884 he went to North Dakota, locating in Cass county where he engaged in farming and real estate, meeting with eminent success in both these ventures. He devoted his land to the production of grain and stock raising, applying the same methods which have won him success in financial lines, initiative, capable and judicious management. He was not content alone with the natural productiveness of the land, but carefully nursed its fertility and the farm Steadily increased in value and profit. Since his retirement from active farming, he has leased his property to thrifty tenants, but still retaining his interest in North Dakota real estate. He came to Minneapolis in 1901 and began his career as a banker which has been largely identified with growth and prosperity of the Central State bank. This bank was organized in 1905 with Mr, Williams as president and to it he has since continued to give his services. The Central State bank has a capital of

$35,000 and has greatly exct-oiied the expectations of its promoters in its success and rapid development. The entire stock of the corporation is owned by residents of northeast Minneapolis where the bank is located at 2401 Central avenue, Mr. Williams holding a controlling interest. Aside from his connection with this institution Sir. Williams has extensive financial interests in North Dakota banks.

Philip D. Winston

Mr. Winston was born in Hanover county, in the Did Dominion, on Aug. 7, 1845, and died in Minneapolis on July 1, 1901. He was a son of William Overton and Sarah Anna (Gregory) Winston, who were also natives of Virginia and descendants of early colonists who came to this country in the seventeenth century. The father was a planter of prominence and the family was in easy circumstances. But all its members were imbued with lofty patriotism and Intense in their devotion to their native state. It was inevitable, therefore, that when the Civil war began they should sympathize with the Southern side of the great sectional controversy, and that all of the male representatives of the house who were able should take an active part in the momentous conflict.

Philip B. Winston was one of the most gallant and manly of the number, and at the age of IG he cheerfully and eagerly turned his back on fine educational opportunities and all the inducements of a promising business career, and even the blandishments of social life, to espouse the cause of Virginia in the war. At that age he enlisted in the 5th Virginia Cavalry as a private and at the close of the war was First Lieutenant on General Rosser's staff, his brother-in-law.

Through it all Mr. Winston bore no childish or youthful b\it a soldier's- part. .Soon after his enlistment as a private he was promoted lieutenant for gallantry in the field, and engagements in which he afterward participated included the deluge of death at Gettysburg, where he faced men who in later years became in Minnesota his most ardent supporters in politics and his warmest personal friends.

Mr. Winston went back to the old homestead and engaged in farming until 1872, when he came West. Taking up his residence in Minnea])olis, in association with his brothers, Fendall G. and William 0. Winston, he organized tlie contracting firm of Winston Bros.

This firm had as its first large contract the building of one thousand miles of the Northern Pacific Railroad, and it afterward built many thousands of miles of the same kind of thoroughfares, extending its operations over all parts of the countrj'. Mr. Winston gave every department of the firm's enormous business his personal attention.

From the beginning of his residence in Minneapolis Mr. Winston always took an earnest interest and a helpful part in local public affairs, as he did from his youth in national politics. He never shirked or neglected any duty of citizenship, seeing in the principles and theories of the Democratic party the promise and fulfillment of the highest and most enduring good to the masses of the American people. But he dill not enter politics as a candidate for office until 1888, when he was the nominee of his party for mayor of Minneapolis. He was defeated at the ensuing election, but two years later (1890) he was renominated and won the position by more than six thousand majority.

At the close of his term, which was one of unusual advantage to the city because of the intelligence he brought to the administration of the olFice and the firmness and system with which he conducted it, Mr. Winston declined a second term, although earnestly urged to accept it. He was, however, elected to the state house of representatives, and during the period of his service in that body he took a very active part in its proceedings. Two measures of special importance which he championed and secured the enactment of were a general election law and one providing for free text Iwoks for the school children of Minneapolis. When Mr. Winston retired from the legislature he withdrew from active participation in politics as a candidate altogether.

Mr. Winston was married in 187G to .Miss Katharine D. Stevens, a daughter of Colonel .John H. Stevens, the first Settler in Minneapolis. Two cliildren were born of the union, both of whom are living, as is also their mother. The children are: Philip Bickerton, who married Katharine Stewart, daughter of Dr. Chas. Wheaton of St. Paul, and Nelle Pendleton, who is now the wife of Charles S. Pillsbury, of .Minneapolis, a sketch of whom appears in this volume.

Frank .J. Willson

Mr. W'illson was bom in the village of Concord, Erie county, New York, on August 20, 1847. He is a son of George W. and Marietta (Van) Willson, who brought their family to Henne])in county, Minnesota in the spring of 1859, but soon afterward changed their residence to Clearwater, Wright county, wh,ere they remained one summer, retuniing to Minneapolis in the fall. In the spring of 1800 the father rented a farm near Glencoe, in McLeod county, and the family lived on that until the Indian uprising of 1862.

On August 19, that year, while all hands were engaged in stacking grain in the field, they received notice of the approach of the infuriated savages, and leaving seven cattle in the pasture, they all immediately started for Glencoe, which was two miles distant. When they reached Glencoe they learned that nearly all the families living in that place had left and were on their way to Carver, thirty miles further. The Willsons traveled all night and arrived at Carver early in the morning of August 20, the fifteenth anniversary of Frank's birth. The Indians killed all the members of a family seven miles from the Willson farm on that day, and some were seen near Glencoe, but no attack was made on that village.

.-\ little while afterward the father returned to the farm and saved a small part of his crops, but the family came on to Hennepin tounty and never returned to Glencoe. The father rented land in this county and the sons worked out to aid in supporting them.selves and the rest of the household. The father died in Hennepin county in the spring of 1868. The mother is still living and has her home with her son Frank. She was 87 on December 22, 1913.

In 1879 Mr. Willson bought 130 acres of what is now Fdina, then Richfield, a part of which is his present farm. He paid $1,100 for the tract, and its greatly increuseil value at this time is the result of its advantageous location. When he bought it it was covered with small timber and undergrowth, which he had to grub out before he could farm it, yet during the first year of his operation he succeeded in getting twenty-five acres under cultivation, although he was living at the time four miles from the farm.

In 1880 he located on his farm and there he has ever since had his home. He has raised large crops of wheat, but during the last twelve years it has been devoted mainly to market gardening. In 1886 he sold ten acres of his purchase at $200 an acre and ten more at $120 an acre; and he has since given each of his four children enough to engage in gardening. His brother George, who was with the family until he grew to manhood, followed railroading for a time and engaged in furnishing telegraph and telephone poles, railroad ties, and similar supplies to those who need them under contract.

Mr. Wilson served as a member of the school board until his children left School, and he has also been a member of the village board of Edina and for some years was president of the board. In the fall of 1871 he was married to Miss Ella Atwood, the daughter of Hezekiah and Abbie (Tuttle) Atwood, a pioneer at Minnetonka Mills, coming to Minneapolis in 1850, where he and a Mr. Sears did more business in the middle fifties than was then done in Minneapolis. He died in 1857. She died in 1883 as the wife of John Richardson of Richfield.

Four children were reared in the Willson household, Fred K., Jennie, Ora Gertrude and George. Jennie died when she was sixteen. Fred K. married Miss Mabel Millam. He and liis brother George are associated in the management of the farm and gardening operations, and have a stall in the market in Minneapolis. Ora Gertrude is now the wife of Grant Collier and owns a part of the homestead. All the members of the family are industrious, enterprising and prosperous. They are all good citizens, and are highly respected as such wherever they are known.

Stephen M. Yale

Among the number of far-seeing men who journeyed to the Northwest from the older civilization of the Atlantic slope, was Stephen M. Yale of Minneapolis, vice president and general manager of the Curtis-Yale-Howard Company, extensive manufacturers of sash, doors, moldings and kindred commodities. Mr. Yale was born at Guilford. Chenango county, New York, in 1857, and there he grew to manhood and obtained a common school education, at the same time acquiring habits of useful industry on the farm of his father, Uriah Yale, who was also a native of the Empire State, The son had some educational advantages not vouchsafed to all farmers' sons in his native state. He was a student for several terms at Cook College, Havana. New York, and afterward enlarged his knowledge by teaching five winter terms of school in the country.

In 1881 Mr. Yale came west and took up his residence at Clinton, Iowa, where he accepted employment with Curtis Bros. & Company, manufacturers of sash, doors and moldings. He remained at Clinton for about one year, then went to Wausau, Wisconsin, where Curtis Brothers had just completed a new factory. His residence at Wausau and work for the firm there lasted until 1803. when he was sent to Minneapolis to take charge of the large distributing house of the firm in this city.

The Curtis-Yale-Howard plant is located at Eighteenth avenue and Fifth street, southeast. The offices have, since 1906, been in the new Security Bank building. The firm has several large distributing houses located in Chicago, Detroit, Sioux City, Lincoln, Nebraska, and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. It carries on an extensive and profitable business, and enjoys a very large trade in the scope of country lying between the Great Lakes and the Rocky Mountains. The firm is incorporated, and the officers at this time (1914) are: George M. Curtis, Clinton, Iowa, president; Stephen M. Y'ale, vice president and general manager; F. G. Howard, secretary, and G. L. Curtis, treasurer.

Mr. Y'ale is also vice president of the Curtis & Yale Company at Wausau, Wisconsin. He is an active member of the Minneapolis Commercial Club and takes a helpful part in public affairs. Nothing of value to its residents is without interest to or neglected by him, and he is always earnest in liis support of worthy undertakings. He has never been an active partisan in political affairs, but has always voted independently and for what he has believed would be best for thewhole people in all elections, city, state, and national.

He was married in 1879 to Miss Cora Morgan. They have one child, their son, H. C. Yale, who has charge of the Minneapolis plant of the Curtis-Y'ale-Howard Company and themanagement of its operations. The family residence is at 2702 Portland avenue.

Harry H. Wadsworth

Harry H. Wadsworth, lawyer, was born February 12, 1857, in Farmington, Hartford county. Connecticut, on the same old historic homestead that was the birthplace of his brother and law partner, Frank H. Wadsworth, in a sketch of whom some account of the family history is given. He is a son of Winthrop M. and Lucy (Ward) Wadsworth, and completed his academic education in the public schools of MilwaukeCr which he attended from 1874 to 1879. His professional training was secured in the law department of Yale University, from which he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Laws in 1881 and received that of Master of Laws in 1882.

In April, 1883, Mr. Wadsworth located in Minneapolis and immediately began the practice of law. His first case involved riparian rights and affected the water rights and power of the city of Farmington. his old home. Such men as Governor Hubbard and Lewis Stanton, Assistant Attorney General of the United States, were of the opposing counsel, but he was prepared to meet any opponent in this field, however able or eminent. His research covered minutely every phase of riparian ownership, and. as, recited in the decision of the case rendered by the Supreme Court, filled thirtyfour pages of the report. The case at once became a precedent and gave Mr. Wadsworth immediately a wide reputationj for careful investigation and studious inquiry into conditions, laws and fundamental rights. It fully established the water rights of the city of Farmington, erabrated in a system that is still in operation under the direction of Mr. Wadsworth's brother. Adrian R. Wadsworth.

In 1886 an important case in law was started in Minneapolis in reference to the title to Government lots 7 and 8. now embraced in Island Park Addition. Mr. Wadsworth was employed to examine the title, and his search for heirs of the original owner led him over 25,000 railcs of travel from the Atlantic to the I'aeifie and the Canadian line to the (iulf in this country, and through parts of Ireland and otiier European countries. Sixteen suits were brought against him, and were tried before Judges Shiras and Nelson in the United States district court, all of them finally being dismissed. His name appears 150 times in the abstract of title.

This property is now worth many millions of dollars. The search for heirs and final straightening out of the title involved great expense and brought Mr. Wadswortli many interesting personal experiences. While in Ireland, during the excitement attendant upon the Phoenix Park murders, he was suspected of being a spy and was closely followed all over the island, his every movement being noted. He secured a one-fifth interest in this property, the greater part of which has since been absorbed in the city park system. The beautiful drive known as Lake of the Isles Boulevard was laid out and constructed largely througli his inlluence and assiduous efforts in behalf of the improvement.

The title to the Elder Stewart property, recently sold, which involved many complications, was also investigated by Mr. Wadsworth as an expert. Here a multiplication of leases overlapping one another made great confusion and intricacy, and demanded the most careful attention. But he straightened the whole matter out to the complete satisfaction of every interest. His skill as an expert title examiner is known and commended far and wide in real estate and legal circles.

Mr. Wadsworth was married in 1908 to Miss Mary L. Wilkinson, of Chel-sea, Massathusetts, a daughter of one of the best known families in Chelsea. She was for a number of years an instructor in the Dr. Curry School of Expression, in Boston. They passed the following winter in Italy, visiting the art galleries of Florence. Rome and other cities, which Mrs. Wadsworth had already visited. While teaching she had ministers, tragic and comic actors, and other professionals as students of expression, and they all attest her superior ability as a teacher. She was also connected for a time with Vassar College, installing a school of expression in that institution.

Mr. and Mrs. Wadsworth have no children. He is a member of Yale Chapter of the Phi Gamma Delta college fraternity, which now has about 4.000 members in the United States, and served twice as president of its Nu Duteron Chapter. He has also been twice president of the Minnesota Union League, which was the strongest political organization in the state, and embraced in its membership the foremost Minnesota politicians and .statesmen. It wielded great influence in respect to public affairs in the Northwest and stood high in public esteem as an enterprising and conservative force for good.

Mr. Young was the first carpenter in St. Anthony, uml came to this region in 1852, a young man of thirty-three, from St. Martin, near Montreal, Canada, where he was born on November 6, 1819. The remainder of his days were passed in this city, where he died on December 1. 1883. He was of French Huguenot ancestry, and had the usual experiences of boys of his circumstances while growing to manhood and receiving his common school education. He was married at the age of twenty-seven in .Montreal to -Miss Margaret Gibeau, who accompanied him to Minneapolis, or St. Anthony, as it was when he came thither, and she abode with him to the end of his earthly pilgrimage always doing her full part to aid in advancing his welfare and the success of his undertakings, and survived him seventeen years, passing away at the age of eighty-two on Christmas day, 1900.

For some years after his arrival in this locality Mr. Young worked at his trade as an independent contractor. He built his own house at the corner of First avenue and Fourth street north, the dwelling of Elder Stewart, one block distant, the home of Father Wolford on another corner not far away, and others in that ni'ighborhood. He continued contracting and building until his death, but in his later years a great deal of his work was done for other contractors, and J. K. Sidle, whose leading carpenter and main reliance he was for a long time.

In his political relations Mr. Young was always a Democrat, and he supporteil his party energetically at all times, bearing a heavy hand in some of its most intense battles with its opponents during his life. He and his wife were zealous members of the Catholic Church of the Immaculate Conception, joining it when the congregation was organized and continuing their membership in it as long as they lived. This was the first church on the West .'<ide, and stood at the corner of Third avenue and Third street north.