319 topographic sheets and 50 fire insurance atlases across 11 places.
This curated hub for Franklin County, Massachusetts brings together the page's documented record links, visible map or image evidence where published, and routes to related local records.
Use the page's provenance and linked records to distinguish the source material from the site's navigation and summaries.
Open the original record, preserve its repository and identifier, then use the citation tool for this page as a path back to the source.
Follow the county or state hub for related places and records, then use the guide for a source-aware research sequence.
28 National Register listings, of which 1 are National Historic Landmarks · 78 businesses named in the fire insurance atlases from 1887 to 1948 · the 1903 county history tells 0 stories and names 0 people.
Sources: the county history on the Internet Archive · the National Register database, National Park Service
Taken for the Office of War Information and the Farm Security Administration, who photographed the country between 1935 and 1944. Works of United States government photographers, with no known restriction on use. Each opens its catalogue record.
Every property in this county listed on the National Register of Historic Places, with the year it was listed and the federal nomination document.
| Photograph | Property | Type | Listed | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allen House | building | 1966 | 66000774 | |
| Ashley House | building | 1966 | 66000774 | |
| Bardwell's Ferry Bridge | structure | 2000 | 00000076 | |
| Bernardston Congregational Unitarian Church | building | 1993 | 93000128 | |
| Bissell Bridge | structure | 2004 | 04000083 | |
| Burkeville Covered Bridge | structure | 1988 | 88001456 | |
| Dickinson House | building | 1966 | 66000774 | |
| East Charlemont District School | building | 2017 | 100000721 | |
| Garden Theater Block | building | 1983 | 83000591 | |
| Griswold, Maj. Joseph, House | building | 1972 | 72000130 | |
| Leavitt-Hovey House | building | 1983 | 83003977 | |
| Leverett Center Historic District | district | 2008 | 08001127 | |
| Long Plain Cemetery | site | 2020 | 100005304 | |
| New Salem Academy | building | 1978 | 78000443 | |
| North Cemetery | site | 2020 | 100005276 | |
| Northfield Center Cemetery | site | 2004 | 04001220 | |
| Odd Fellow's Hall | building | 1979 | 79000345 | |
| Orange Armory | building | 2020 | 100005477 | |
| Pine Street School | building | 2002 | 02000156 | |
| Shelburne Free Public Library | building | 2016 | 16000453 | |
| Smith, Arthur A., Covered Bridge | structure | 1983 | 83000592 | |
| South School | building | 2007 | 07001312 | |
| Tavern Farm, Old | building | 2005 | 05000120 | |
| US Post Office--Greenfield Main | building | 1985 | 85003224 | |
| Weldon Hotel | building | 1980 | 80000503 | |
| Wells-Thorn House | building | 1966 | 66000774 | |
| Whitaker-Clary House | building | 1975 | 75000257 | |
| Williams House | building | 1966 | 66000774 |
Franklin County holds 2 covered bridges on the National Register, more than any other property type here. Each is a listed structure with a federal nomination on file.
| Burkeville Covered Bridge | Listed 1988, 0 map sheets show this crossing | |
| Smith, Arthur A., Covered Bridge | Listed 1983, 0 map sheets show this crossing |
Drawn when these were printed as single large sheets: the town seen from the air, and the county divided into its farms with every owner named. Each opens the original at the Library of Congress.
Selected from the Digital Public Library of America's 6,600 image records catalogued for this county. Every one shown here carries a public-domain status or a licence that permits reuse on a site that carries advertising; non-commercial, share-alike and restricted images are excluded. The selection is spread across the county's towns (at most eight per town), so no single institution's bulk upload crowds out the rest. Each opens the holding library's record, and the complete set at the Digital Public Library of America is one click away.
Flown by the U.S. Geological Survey between 1937 and 1989, the Aerial Photo Single Frames collection is the definitive mid-century view of the land: fields, roads and rivers as the camera saw them. 2,262 frames touch this county; the selection below spreads across the decades of flights (at most four per year), so one flight cannot crowd out the rest. The full set is free to browse and download at EarthExplorer under the dataset Aerial Photo Single Frames.
The "who lived here, by year" answer: pre-1929 public-domain directory volumes naming the county's people, machine-read and searchable as text.
The thermometers that kept this county's weather, and the gages that watched its rivers, as the federal records hold them. The extremes below are measured values from those records, not estimates.
Who lived here in 1950, one enumeration district at a time, as the Census Bureau described each district. Each row opens its official National Archives result, with Population Schedules and ED Maps available there.
Every Sanborn volume opens with a printed index naming the town's mills, tanneries, hotels and works by proprietor. Those indexes were read off the scanned sheets by machine and then matched to each other, so a business surveyed four times appears here once, with the years it survived. 29 of these 78 were named in more than one atlas. Each carries a crop of the line it was read from: the spelling is the recogniser's and the 1880s lithographer's, and the scan behind it is the proof.
Church
1887 to 1902, named in 5 atlases
Appears in 1887 1892 1895 1896 1902
On the National Register as Bernardston Congregational Unitarian Church
School
1887 to 1915, named in 4 atlases
Appears in 1887 1892 1905 1915
Read elsewhere as Public School; Public School,_.
Church
1887 to 1910, named in 3 atlases
Read elsewhere as Episcopal Church; Methodist Episcopal Church.
Mill
1909 to 1940, named in 3 atlases
Read elsewhere as Esleeck M'f'g Co., Paper Mill, _.
Planing Mill
1909 to 1940, named in 3 atlases
Read elsewhere as Jacobus, P., Planing Mill,_.
Church
1895 to 1905, named in 2 atlases
Read elsewhere as Catholie Church.
Church
1914 to 1922, named in 2 atlases
Read elsewhere as Roman Catholic Church. 3.
Shop
1914 to 1940, named in 2 atlases
Read elsewhere as Wells, F. E., & Sons, Forge Shop.
Every wildfire the federal occurrence database records inside this county: 333 of them, burning about 342 acres. 11 started naturally and 5 were recorded as arson. Each settlement page carries the fires within five miles of it.
| Reported cause | Fires |
|---|---|
| Debris and open burning | 160 |
| Missing data/not specified/undetermined | 55 |
| Recreation and ceremony | 38 |
| Equipment and vehicle use | 31 |
| Smoking | 15 |
| Natural | 11 |
| Railroad operations and maintenance | 9 |
| Arson/incendiarism | 5 |
| Power generation/transmission/distribution | 5 |
| Other causes | 2 |
| Misuse of fire by a minor | 1 |
| Fireworks | 1 |
The five largest, by the area the report gives. None of them was recorded as arson.
| Date | Cause | Size | Reported by | Name on the report |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25 June 2020 | Natural | 56 acres | Massachusetts Bureau of Forest Fire Control | JOSHUA HILL FIRE |
| 7 May 2020 | Equipment and vehicle use | 25 acres | Massachusetts Bureau of Forest Fire Control | not named |
| 21 May 2020 | Missing data/not specified/undetermined | 20 acres | Massachusetts Bureau of Forest Fire Control | MATHEWS RIDGE FIRE |
| 5 May 2020 | Missing data/not specified/undetermined | 8.0 acres | Massachusetts Bureau of Forest Fire Control | not named |
| 9 March 2016 | Debris and open burning | 8.0 acres | Massachusetts Bureau of Forest Fire Control | not named |
| 18 April 2016 | Equipment and vehicle use | 6.0 acres | Massachusetts Bureau of Forest Fire Control | not named |
| 19 April 2004 | Recreation and ceremony | 6.0 acres | Massachussetts State Fire Marshal's Office | not named |
| 11 May 2018 | Recreation and ceremony | 5.3 acres | Massachusetts Bureau of Forest Fire Control | not named |
Every settlement page carries the fires within five miles of it - see the settlement index below.
The NOAA Storm Events Database holds 703 reports for this county, causing 1 death, 9 injuries and about $31,841,480 in recorded property damage. Each settlement page carries the reports that name it.
| Kind of event | Reports |
|---|---|
| Thunderstorm Wind | 458 |
| Hail | 110 |
| Flood | 41 |
| Flash Flood | 38 |
| Tornado | 25 |
| Lightning | 25 |
| Heavy Rain | 6 |
The most serious of them, by death, then injury, then recorded damage. The accounts are quoted exactly as the forecast office filed them.
| When | Event | Place named | Harm | What the report says |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 2004 | Thunderstorm Wind | Greenfield | 1 killed, $5,000 | no account filed |
| June 1992 | Tornado (F0) | not stated | 4 hurt, $25,000 | no account filed |
| August 2000 | Thunderstorm Wind | Orange | 3 hurt, $20,000 | no account filed |
| February 2017 | Tornado (EF1) | South Ashfield | 1 hurt, $400,000 | The second phase of this tornado touched down at 723 pm EST on Main Poland Road in western Conway Massachusetts. The path width started at 50 yards, with a sharp gradient evident of damage versus no damage. Large sections of forest had thick pine trees snapped at mid-tree. Numerous power lines were downed along the path into downtown Conway. The path width grew, reaching a maximum width of 200 yards near the town hall. Several houses were severely damaged on Whately Road, southeast of the town hall. Roofs were blown off, and in one case the side walls of a house were missing with the interior of the house exposed. On Hill View Road a large barn collapsed. One injury occurred when a tree landed on a house on South Deerfield Road east of town. That was where the visible damage path ended. |
| July 2018 | Lightning | Turners Falls | 1 hurt, $5,000 | At 12:14 PM EST, lightning struck a house on K Street in Turners Falls, Massachusetts. This caused a house fire, with one injury resulting. |
| August 2011 | Flood | North Bernardston | $22,000,000 | After receiving eight to ten inches of rain associated with Tropical Storm Irene, major flooding occurred to portions of northwest Massachusetts, from Greenfield northwest through Colrain, Leyden, and vicinity. There were evacuations- exact amount unknown- and there were homes that were condemned. A house on West Leyden Road was reported to have been washed away in Leyden on the Green River. Multiple major routes/highways were affected in western Massachusetts, including Route 2, I-91, Route 20, Route 5, and Route 112 as well as numerous smaller roads. A flood survey along the Deerfield River indicated that in between Routes 5 and I-91, a large swath of farmland was inundated, and many homes within that stretch experienced various degrees of flooding. The Mohawk Meadow Country Club at the junction of the Connecticut and Deerfield Rivers was submerged. A covered bridge on Eunice Williams Drive over the Green River sustained severe damage and was no longer attached to its abutments. In Greenfield, the Arbors Assisted Living facility on Meridian Street was evacuated due to flooding.||The Deerfield River at West Deerfield set a new flood of record at 23.8 feet, the previous record was 17.71 feet set in April of 1987. The North River at Shattuckville set a new flood of record at 17.66 feet, the previous record was 12.32 feet set in October of 2005. In addition the Connecticut River at Montague crested at its highest level since the 1938 hurricane. |
| June 1996 | Flash Flood | Leverett | $1,800,000 | no account filed |
| July 2005 | Flash Flood | Bernardston | $1,200,000 | no account filed |
| August 2012 | Lightning | Rowe | $500,000 | Rowe Elementary School was completely destroyed by fire after being struck by lightning. Almost 125 firefighters from 19 neighboring towns as well as towns in nearby Vermont helped to fight the fire, but some were delayed by the heavy rain that fell at the same time. Some firefighters took nearly 45 minutes to reach the scene. Approximately 70 students attend the elementary school. |
| July 2008 | Thunderstorm Wind | East Whately | $250,000 | Considerable tree damage was reported. Fallen trees littered roads making a few impassable. A few reports include: on Christian Lane, a twelve inch diameter tree snapped in two and two 50-70 foot tall trees were downed by thunderstorm winds. At the rest area on Route 91 and Chestnut Plain Road, several trees were downed.||According to the Daily Hampshire Gazette, at least 100 acres of tobacco plants were destroyed with another 100 acres damaged, leaving an estimated $1 million in agricultural damages. Several corn fields were also destroyed. |
| July 2008 | Thunderstorm Wind | Sunderland | $250,000 | Numerous trees and wires were downed by thunderstorm winds across Sunderland. At least six of these trees landed on vehicles and another six landed on houses. A town administrator reported up to 27 utility poles were downed. A few of the reports received include: a tree down on a house on Old Amherst Road and trees down on Silver Lane. |
| April 2007 | Flood | Heath | $250,000 | Multiple roads were closed due to flooding in Heath. Flooding in Colrain resulted in a mudslide which closed a portion of Route 112.|Minor flooding also occurred along the mainstem Connecticut River through Montague. A crest of 30.3 feet was recorded at 2 am on the 17th (flood stage is 28 feet). |
| July 2006 | Thunderstorm Wind | Montague | $250,000 | no account filed |
| August 1970 | Tornado (F1) | not stated | $250,000 | no account filed |
| July 2006 | Tornado (F2) | Wendell | $200,000 | Brief F2 Touchdown in Wendell |
| January 2010 | Flood | Bernardston | $150,000 | Numerous basements were flooded across Bernardston. The elementary school kitchen and cafeteria were also flooded. |
| July 2022 | Thunderstorm Wind | Wendell Depot | $100,000 | A NWS Survey concluded that a microburst, with winds estimated at 90 mph, began in Erving, MA and then moved across Warwick. In Warwick, trees were down on Quarry Road and people were temporarily stranded at a campground just east of Quarry Road due to fallen trees. By far, the most extensive damage occurred on Wendell Road east of the campground and on Hockanum Road in the Hockanum Hill section of Warwick. There were more than a hundred trees downed, mainly pines. Many were snapped mid-way up and others were uprooted. Local Fire Department officials indicated that a couple of homes were hit by fallen trees on Wendell Road, one of which suffered damage to the property. Trees fell in the same direction, from southwest to northeast, indicative of straight-line winds. There were many downed power lines. Amazingly, no injuries were reported. |
| January 2018 | Flood | Tully | $100,000 | As reported by the Greenfield Recorder: a mass of ice broke free on the Millers River in Athol early the morning of the 13th. Additional ice broke free on the river near L. S. Starrett Company at 7 AM EST. The ice first struck the Exchange Street bridge, where hangers that secure a 10-inch water main to the bridge were swept downstream. The ice jam then migrated downstream to the South Main Street bridge, and finally downstream of this bridge to a sandbar one-half mile southwest. Flooding reached into the first floor level of homes on Canal Street. The Morton Meadows elderly housing complex was evacuated, as water came to within a few feet of the nearest building. By the end of January, this jam was flushed downstream to reform near the Orange-Athol town line, but the river was flowing through this new jam. |
| October 2014 | Thunderstorm Wind | Colrain | $100,000 | Numerous large trees and wires on York Road were downed by thunderstorm winds. Trees fell on several houses and cars causing damage. |
| August 2013 | Thunderstorm Wind | Colrain | $100,000 | A microburst occurred in the northwestern part of Greenfield and the southeastern portions of Leyden and Colrain, downing numerous trees and wires. Barton, Country Club, Bernardston, Plain, South Green River, Nelson, and Smead Hill Roads were all affected with a few trees that were downed onto houses. A utility pole was downed on Barton Road. |
| March 2011 | Flood | Greenfield | $100,000 | A water soaked ridge near the Green River Cemetery gave way resulting in a mudslide 13 inches deep that slid over Meridan and Water Streets. Three cars were buried and the mud was up to the foundations of three houses. This resulted in the evacuation of 17 people. These people were evacuated first to a shelter at Greenfield School run by the American Red Cross and then to family members houses (2 families) and a hotel (1 family) for the night while crews cleaned the mud from their houses. A portion of Meridian Street where it ends at Deerfield Road remained closed through the night of the 7th. |
| August 2011 | Flood | Shelburne | $100,000 | After receiving nearly nine inches of rain associated with Tropical Storm Irene, the Deerfield River flooded, inundating the town of Shelburne. |
| August 2011 | Flood | Monroe Bridge | $100,000 | After receiving seven to eight inches of rain associated with Tropical Storm Irene, River Road in Monroe was washed out along 75 to 85 feet to 50 to 75 feet deep. |
| July 2014 | Lightning | Lock Vlg | $75,000 | A house was struck by lightning on Great Pines Drive in Shutesbury which ignited a fire. |
| August 2011 | Flood | Ashfield | $75,000 | After receiving eight to ten inches of rain with Tropical Storm Irene, houses were flooded on Ashfield and River Roads in Buckland. Ashfield Road was flooded with rapidly moving water. Route 112 from Ashfield to Buckland was closed due to flooding. Numerous roads in the area were washed out. |
| May 2010 | Thunderstorm Wind | East Whately | $75,000 | Numerous trees, eight utility poles, and wires were downed throughout Whately, resulting in many power outages. |
| June 1998 | Flash Flood | Hawley | $75,000 | no account filed |
| June 2020 | Thunderstorm Wind | West Deerfield | $70,000 | In Deerfield, a tree fell into a house, causing extensive damage, per an amateur radio report. Another tree caused house damage on Beaver Road, according to the Greenfield Recorder newspaper. A tree was down on wires on Mountain Road. A tree was down on Greenfield Road and a tree was down on Hillside Road. Wires were reported down on Oak Knoll Drive. |
| June 2017 | Thunderstorm Wind | Orange | $50,000 | At 619 PM EST, multiple trees were reported down on Wheeler Avenue in Orange. |On Summer Street and on Stone Road, trees were down on houses causing structural damage. A large tree was down on cars on River Street. Power lines were down on East River Street. A tree and utility pole were down on a car in the town hall parking lot. A power pole and wires were down on Prospect Street. |
| June 2014 | Flash Flood | Adamsville | $50,000 | Two to four inches of rain fell in a very brief period of time resulting in flash flooding in Colrain, Greenfield, and Gill.||In Colrain, Greenfield Road near the town common was flooded and eventually closed. A section of North Green River Road was washed away, making the road impassable. The saturated ground allowed two trees to fall on wires on South Green River Road. Another tree was downed because of erosion of the intersection of South Green River and Nelson Roads. A large rock was also blocking the roadway.||In Greenfield, a portion of High, Chapman, North, and Elm Streets, Riverside Drive, and Forbes Court were flooded and impassable. Arch Street was flooded under the bridge with a car stuck in the waters. Route 2A near the Stop and Shop was flooded with up to 4 feet of water. Sanderstown Street was closed near High Street due to flooding. A car was stuck in the floodwaters. Robbins Road was flooded with only one lane passable near Route 2. Nash's Mill Road was closed due to flooding. A car was stuck in floodwaters on Nash's Mill Road. Two houses on Forbes Court and an apartment building on Riverside Drive both had water inside.||In Gill, a house on Walnut Street was flooded with up to 8 inches of water in the basement. |
| September 2014 | Thunderstorm Wind | Bernardston | $50,000 | A microburst occurred in Leyden and Bernardston resulting in straight-line wind damage along a broken five and a half mile path.||In Leyden, several large trees and wires were downed along Mid-County Road, South County Road, Greenfield Road, and Eden Road. ||In Bernardston, large trees were downed on Railroad Street, Merrifield Road, and North Merrifield Road. Also on North Merrifield Road, a fallen tree destroyed a shed and damaged a portion of a house. Power poles were downed on Route 10 and Merrifield Road. |
| July 2014 | Thunderstorm Wind | Conway | $50,000 | In Conway, trees and wires were downed on Boyden Road. Most of the wind damage reported was in Sunderland where many trees were downed and blocked roads in some cases, including parts of Route 47, North Plain Road, and Silver Lane. Two trees fell onto houses on Sunderland Road and Long Plain Road. Trees were also reported downed in South Deerfield on King Phillip Avenue, in New Salem on Neilson Road, and in Shutesbury. |
| July 2013 | Flash Flood | Deerfield | $50,000 | Cars were flooded out in the parking lot of Deerfield Academy. |
| July 2010 | Thunderstorm Wind | Hawley | $50,000 | Numerous trees were downed on Forge Hill Road. |
| June 2005 | Lightning | Deerfield | $50,000 | no account filed |
| July 1997 | Tornado (F1) | Charlemont | $50,000 | no account filed |
| July 1997 | Tornado (F1) | Heath | $50,000 | no account filed |
| June 2020 | Thunderstorm Wind | West Whately | $40,000 | A 200-foot long tobacco barn, located where Long Plain Road becomes Straits Road, collapsed and was considered a complete loss from strong downburst winds, estimated around 70 mph. The barn had shifted toward the south during the storm, causing it to collapse. Damage also occurred to a dump truck and trailer that were inside the barn, which has recently been used for storage, instead of tobacco, according to a Greenfield Recorder article. Several other trees were downed near the location of the barn. In addition, amateur radio operators reported a tree down on Webber Road. |
| July 2004 | Lightning | Montague | $35,000 | no account filed |
| July 2022 | Thunderstorm Wind | Erving | $33,000 | A microburst, with winds estimated at 90 mph began in Erving, MA and moved across Warwick, MA. In Erving, the damage began along Route 2, which was closed for a time due to downed trees. Trees, wires, and a power pole were down on Route 2 at East Prospect Street. Trees and wires were down on a car on Camp Road. Numerous trees were downed on North Shore Road near Laurel Lake. |
| August 2018 | Flood | Greenfield | $30,000 | At 4:12 PM EST heavy rain in Greenfield caused flooding of several basements on Franklin Street. At 4:33 PM EST Scout Road was flooded and impassable with some basement flooding. At 4:36 EST PM Sanderson Road near Kennemetal and the Medical Center was completely flooded. At 4:46 PM EST Adams Road was flooded and impassable. At 5:06 PM EST Green Street in Greenfield had significant basement flooding. |
| July 2014 | Thunderstorm Wind | Bernardston | $30,000 | Several large trees and three utility poles on Depot and South Streets were downed by thunderstorm winds. |
| May 2010 | Thunderstorm Wind | Greenfield | $30,000 | Multiple trees downed throughout Greenfield, resulting in numerous road closures and power outages. |
| July 2005 | Flash Flood | Bernardston | $30,000 | no account filed |
| July 2020 | Thunderstorm Wind | Deerfield | $25,000 | In Deerfield, there were numerous trees reported down with some significant damage. Multiple trees and power lines were down on Upper Road and Lower Road. A section of a roof was blown off a building on Lower Road. Trees and power lines were down, trapping a car, on Hawks Road. A tree was down on I-91 southbound between mile markers 40 and 41. Multiple trees were down on Mill Village Road. |
| July 2016 | Thunderstorm Wind | Turners Falls | $25,000 | Numerous power lines throughout Turners Falls were downed by thunderstorm winds. |
| July 2016 | Thunderstorm Wind | Warwick | $25,000 | A tree and wires on North Holden and Orange Roads and multiple trees on Flower Hill Road were downed by thunderstorm winds. |
| May 2015 | Thunderstorm Wind | Burkville | $25,000 | A microburst occurred in Conway with a maximum speed of 80 mph. The most intense damage occurred near Bent Nail Road, just south of the Deerfield River. Several large trees were snapped mid-way up. A small shed was destroyed and there was minor damage to a home. |
| July 2015 | Flood | Greenfield | $25,000 | The intersections of Davis Road and Emily Lane and Chapman and Arch Streets were flooded and impassable. Basements were flooded on Norwood Street, O Street, and Elm Terrace. Part of the road was washed out at the intersection of Phillips and Elm Street. A manhole cover popped off on 7th Street from flooding. Columbus Avenue was flooded and impassable. |
| July 2015 | Thunderstorm Wind | Deerfield | $25,000 | Tree damage was observed on Hillside Road near the intersection of River Road and north of the Mount Sugarloaf State Reservation. Several tall pine trees were snapped off at the top and other large trees fell, taking down power lines. A gazebo was blown off its foundation in the backyard of a house. |
| September 2014 | Thunderstorm Wind | Orange | $25,000 | Numerous trees and wires were downed throughout Orange. |
| May 2013 | Lightning | Shelburne | $25,000 | Lightning struck a tree outside a house on Colrain Shelburne Road, traveled through the ground and started a fire in the attic of the house. |
| June 2011 | Thunderstorm Wind | Greenfield | $25,000 | Large trees on Deerfield Street and on both sides of Interstate 91 were downed by thunderstorm winds. |
| May 2010 | Thunderstorm Wind | Leyden | $25,000 | Trees and wires on West Leyden Road and Brattleboro Roads were downed by thunderstorm winds. This resulted in numerous road closures and power outages. |
| May 2010 | Thunderstorm Wind | New Salem | $25,000 | Trees and wires were downed throughout New Salem, resulting in power outages in half the town. |
| May 2010 | Thunderstorm Wind | Shelburne | $25,000 | Trees and wires downed by thunderstorm winds, resulting in numerous road closures and power outages. |
| May 2010 | Thunderstorm Wind | Sunderland | $25,000 | Many trees were downed by thunderstorm winds in Sunderland along Route 47 and in Deerfield along Thayer Street. |
| May 2010 | Thunderstorm Wind | Shutesbury | $25,000 | Numerous trees and wires were downed by thunderstorm winds, resulting in multiple power outages. |
| March 2008 | Flood | Hawley | $25,000 | Several basements were flooded with two feet of water around Hawley Road. |
| August 2006 | Thunderstorm Wind | Ashfield | $25,000 | no account filed |
The Survey's mineral resources record lists 130 workings inside this county. 20 still produce and 110 are closed or unrecorded. Each settlement page carries the workings within five miles of it.
| Commodity | Workings |
|---|---|
| Talc-Soapstone | 15 |
| Iron | 15 |
| Copper | 14 |
| Lead | 11 |
| Sand and Gravel, Construction | 10 |
| Sulfur | 10 |
| Iron, Sulfur | 6 |
| Mica | 6 |
| Stone, Crushed/Broken | 6 |
| Stone, Dimension | 5 |
| Mica, Feldspar | 4 |
| Slate, Dimension | 4 |
| Silver | 4 |
| Feldspar | 4 |
The least common of them first, because a county's hundredth gravel pit says nothing its first ten did not.
| Where | Site | Commodity | Status | Recorded |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Almandine - Garnet Occurance | Gemstone, Garnet | Occurrence | Metamorphic | |
| Almandine-Garnet Occurance | Garnet | Occurrence | ||
| Bernardston Magnetite Occurence | Iron, Sulfur, Copper | Occurrence | Replacement | |
| Davis Mines | Sulfur, Copper, Iron, Zinc | Past Producer | ||
| Davis Pyrite Mines | Sulfur, Iron, Copper, Zinc | Producer | 1832, 1882 | |
| Granite Quarry | Granite | Past Producer | ||
| Hawks Mine | Copper, Sulfur-Pyrite | Occurrence | 1906 | |
| Leverett Barite Prospect | Barium-Barite, Lead, Zinc, Copper | Occurrence | Replacement Vein | |
| Leverett Lead Mines | Lead, Copper, Barium-Barite, Silver, Zinc | Past Producer | Barite, Chalcopyrite, Galena, Sphalerite | |
| Leverett Lead Mines | Copper, Lead, Zinc, Silver | Past Producer | ||
| Leverett Prospects | Barium-Barite, Copper, Lead, Zinc | Past Producer | ||
| Southeast Conway Manganese Prospect | Manganese | Prospect | ||
| Turner Falls Copper Occurence North | Copper, Barium-Barite | Occurrence | Malachite | |
| Turner Falls Copper Occurence Southwest | Barium-Barite, Copper, Iron | Occurrence | ||
| Turner Falls Copper Prospect | Barium-Barite, Copper | Prospect | ||
| West Leyden Copper Prospect | Sulfides | Occurrence | Replacement | |
| Whately - Conway Lead Veins | Silver, Lead | Occurrence | Galena | |
| Bernardston Magnetite Occurrence | Iron, Copper, Sulfur | Past Producer | ||
| Davis Mines | Copper, Sulfur, Zinc | Past Producer | ||
| Hawks Mine | Copper, Zinc | Past Producer | ||
| Hawks Mine | Copper, Zinc | Prospect | ||
| Limestone - Marble Quarry | Limestone, General | Producer | ||
| Limestone - Marble Quarry | Limestone, General | Producer | Marble | |
| Limestone-Marble Quarry | Limestone, Dimension | Past Producer | ||
| Limestone-Marble Quarry | Limestone, Dimension | Past Producer | ||
| Amphibolite Rock Quarry N | Stone | Past Producer | ||
| Amphibolite Rock Quarry N | Stone | Past Producer | ||
| Charlemont-Heath Area | Graphite | Occurrence | Metamorphic | |
| Copper Prospect | Copper, Sulfur-Pyrite | Occurrence | Metamorphic | |
| Copper Prospect | Copper, Sulfur-Pyrite | Occurrence | ||
| Copper Prospect | Copper, Sulfur-Pyrite | Occurrence | Metamorphic | |
| Diabase Rock Quarry No. B | Stone | Past Producer | ||
| Southeast of West Whately Galena Vein | Lead, Silver | Occurrence | Galena | |
| Southwest Deerfield Barite Occurren | Barium-Barite | Occurrence | ||
| Southwest Deerfield Barite Vein Occurrence | Barium-Barite | Occurrence | Barite | |
| Unnamed Occurrence | Graphite | Occurrence | ||
| Unnamed Prospect | Lead, Silver | Occurrence | Galena | |
| Unnamed Prospect | Lead, Silver | Occurrence | Galena | |
| Unnamed Prospect | Graphite | Occurrence | ||
| North Bernardston Slate Quarry | Slate, Dimension | Producer | Metamorphic | |
| North Bernardston Slate Quarry | Slate, Dimension | Occurrence | Metamorphic | |
| North Bernardston Slate Quarry | Slate, Dimension | Past Producer | ||
| North Bernardston Slate Quarry | Slate, Dimension | Past Producer | ||
| North of West Whately Prospect | Lead, Silver | Prospect | ||
| North of West Whately Prospect | Lead, Silver | Prospect | ||
| Orange Mica Mine | Mica, Feldspar | Occurrence | 1940 | |
| Orange Mica Mine | Mica, Feldspar | Occurrence | ||
| Pegmatite Quarry | Mica, Feldspar | Occurrence | Pegmatite | |
| Pegmatite Quarry | Mica, Feldspar | Producer | Pegmatite | |
| Pegmatite Quarry | Mica, Feldspar | Past Producer | ||
| Pegmatite Quarry | Mica, Feldspar | Past Producer | ||
| Pegmatite Quarry | Mica, Feldspar | Past Producer | ||
| Pegmetite Quarry | Mica, Feldspar | Producer | Feldspar, Mica | |
| Southeast of West Whately Prospect | Lead, Silver | Prospect | ||
| Whately-Conway Lead Vein | Lead, Silver | Prospect | ||
| Gneiss Quarry | Stone, Dimension | Producer | ||
| Gneiss Quarry | Stone, Dimension | Past Producer | ||
| Granite Quarry | Stone, Dimension | Occurrence | ||
| Luther Smith Gneiss Quarry | Stone, Dimension | Producer | Metamorphic | |
| Luther Smith Gneiss Quarry | Stone, Dimension | Past Producer | ||
| Amphibolite Rock Quarry No. Bj5 | Stone, Crushed/Broken | Producer | ||
| Amphibolite Rock Quarry No. Bj6 | Stone, Crushed/Broken | Producer | ||
| Diabase Rock Quarry No. Bj4 | Stone, Crushed/Broken | Producer | ||
| East Deerfield Quarry and Mill | Stone, Crushed/Broken | Producer | ||
| Gossan - Not Prospected | Iron, Sulfur | Occurrence | ||
| Gossan In East Oxbow Brook | Iron, Sulfur | Occurrence | ||
| Pegmatite Occurrence | Mica | Occurrence | Mica | |
| Pegmatite Occurrence | Mica | Occurrence | ||
| Pyrite Prospect 1 1/2 Mi. Ne. of Davis Mine | Iron, Sulfur | Occurrence | Pyrite | |
| Pyrite Prospect 1 1/4 Mi. S. of Davis Mine | Iron, Sulfur | Occurrence | Pyrite | |
| Pyrite Prospect 1/2 Mi. E. of Davis Mine | Iron, Sulfur | Occurrence | Pyrite | |
| Pyrite Prospect 1/2 Mi. S. of Davis Mine | Iron, Sulfur | Occurrence | Pyrite | |
| Town of Greenfield Pit | Stone, Crushed/Broken | Past Producer | ||
| Warner Brothers Inc | Stone, Crushed/Broken | Past Producer | ||
| B L Frye Inc | Sand and Gravel, Construction | Past Producer | Sedimentary | |
| Copper Prospect | Copper, Sulfur | Prospect | ||
| Copper Prospect | Copper, Sulfur | Prospect | ||
| Copper Prospect | Copper, Sulfur | Prospect | ||
| Frye Pit & Plant | Sand and Gravel, Construction | Producer | ||
| Gossan In East Oxbow Brook Prospect | Iron, Sulfur | Occurrence | ||
| Gossan Occurrence | Iron, Sulfur | Occurrence | ||
| Greenfield Pit | Sand and Gravel, Construction | Past Producer | ||
| Leverett Pit | Sand and Gravel, Construction | Past Producer | ||
| Mackin Sand and Gravel Inc | Sand and Gravel, Construction | Past Producer | Sedimentary | |
| Northfield Plant #38 | Sand and Gravel, Construction | Producer | ||
| Northfield Washed Sand and Gravel | Sand and Gravel, Construction | Past Producer | Sedimentary | |
| Pyrite Prospect | Iron, Sulfur | Prospect | ||
| Pyrite Prospect | Iron, Sulfur | Prospect | ||
| Pyrite Prospect | Iron, Sulfur | Prospect | ||
| Pyrite Prospect | Iron, Sulfur | Prospect | ||
| Sunderland Gravel Pit | Sand and Gravel, Construction | Unknown | ||
| Sunderland Gravel Pit | Sand and Gravel, Construction | Past Producer | ||
| Sunderland Pit Warner Bros | Sand and Gravel, Construction | Producer | ||
| West Leyden Copper Prospect | Sulfur | Prospect | ||
| Leverett Lead Mine | Lead, Copper | Past Producer | Vein | |
| Southwest Whately Lead Vein | Lead | Producer | Galena | |
| Southwest Whately Lead Vein | Lead | Prospect | ||
| Sw Whately Lead Mine | Lead | Past Producer | Vein | |
| Whately Lead Vein | Lead | Occurrence | ||
| Whately Lead Vein | Lead | Prospect | ||
| Copper Prospect | Copper | Occurrence | ||
| Copper Prospect | Copper | Occurrence | ||
| Copper Prospect | Copper | Prospect | ||
| Copper Prospect | Copper | Prospect | ||
| Mary Louise | Copper | Past Producer | ||
| Mary Louise Mine | Copper | Occurrence | 1903 | |
| Mary Louise Mine | Copper | Past Producer | ||
| Hawley Mine | Iron | Past Producer | Hematite, Magnetite | |
| Johnson Iron Mine | Iron | Past Producer | ||
| Magnetite - Emery Prospect | Iron | Occurrence | Metamorphic | |
| Magnetite - Emery Prospect | Iron | Occurrence | Metamorphic | |
| Magnetite - Emery Prospect | Iron | Occurrence | Metamorphic | |
| Magnetite-Emery Prospect | Iron | Prospect | ||
| Magnetite-Emery Prospect | Iron | Prospect | ||
| Magnetite-Emery Prospect | Iron | Prospect | ||
| Talc Prospect | Talc-Soapstone | Occurrence | Metamorphic | |
| Talc Prospect | Talc-Soapstone | Occurrence | Metamorphic | |
| Talc Prospect | Talc-Soapstone | Occurrence | Metamorphic | |
| Talc Prospect | Talc-Soapstone | Prospect | ||
| Talc Prospect | Talc-Soapstone | Prospect | ||
| Talc Prospect | Talc-Soapstone | Prospect | ||
| Talc Quarry | Talc-Soapstone | Producer | Metamorphic | |
| Talc Quarry | Talc-Soapstone | Producer | Metamorphic | |
| Talc Quarry | Talc-Soapstone | Occurrence | Metamorphic | |
| Talc Quarry | Talc-Soapstone | Producer | Metamorphic | |
| Talc Quarry | Talc-Soapstone | Producer | Metamorphic | |
| Talc Quarry | Talc-Soapstone | Past Producer | ||
| Talc Quarry | Talc-Soapstone | Past Producer | ||
| Talc Quarry | Talc-Soapstone | Past Producer | ||
| Talc Quarry | Talc-Soapstone | Past Producer |
Museum specimens collected inside this county and catalogued with a date and a place: 12,676 of them, by kingdom 4,887 animalia, 4,521 plantae, 2,912 fungi, 132 chromista, 125 unrecorded. Each is a physical object in a named collection, not a sighting. Held by YPM, NY, BPI, University of New Hampshire, VT, CM among others, and each settlement page carries the specimens collected near it.
The oldest of them. A specimen proves something was collected on that day; its absence proves nothing.
| Photograph | Year | Species | Kingdom | Where | Collector | Catalogue |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | 1781 | Carex argyrantha Tuck. ex Dewey | Plantae | Amherst in Hampshire Co., and Leverett in Franklin Co., Massachusetts. [Inferred counties from precise loc.] | H. G. Jesup | NY 2234958 |
 | 1781 | Carex foenea Willd. | Plantae | And Leverett | H. G. Jesup | NY 2276484 |
 | 1810 | Ustilago nuda (C.N.Jensen) Kellerm. & Swingle | Fungi | not stated | J.E. Humphrey | CUP S.E.,Econ.F.0082 |
 | 1822 | Ptilidium pulcherrimum (Weber) Hampe | Plantae | not stated | Ebenezer Emmons | YPM YU.200445 |
 | 1825 | Carex pauciflora Lightf. | Plantae | Ashfield. [Inferred county from precise loc.] | Collector unspecified | NY 2295022 |
 | 1831 | Ranunculus ambigens S.Watson | Plantae | not stated | S. Shurtleff | University of New Hampshire NHA-555020 |
 | 1838 | Kalmia angustifolia f. angustifolia | Plantae | Northampton. | L. DeWette | NY 2524010 |
 | 1838 | Kalmia latifolia var. latifolia | Plantae | Northampton. | L. DeWette | NY 2524301 |
Greenfield (Massachusetts) Sesqui-centennial, 1753 June 9 1903 : a Model Town of 8000 People devotes a chapter to each township: its boundaries and streams, who settled it and when, the mills, the schools and the churches. All 4 are reproduced here in full. Each row shows the township's own shape and where it lies in the county, drawn from the Census Bureau's boundary. Which settlements belong to which township is computed from that same boundary, not taken from the book.
| Shape and position in the county | Township | Settlements in it | Length | Sections |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deerfield Town | Deerfield, East Deerfield, Mill River, South Deerfield, Wapping, West Deerfield | 1,338 words | 2 | |
| Greenfield City | Cheapside, East Greenfield, Factory Village, Greenfield | 4,072 words | 22 | |
| Hawley Town | Dodge Corner, Hallockville, Hawley, King Corner, South Hawley | 26,044 words | 32 | |
| Whately Town | East Whately, Whately | 2,026 words | 0 |
Named settlements recorded in the Geographic Names Information System, each with the topographic sheets covering it. Villages, hamlets and abandoned places alike. Each is shown with the watercourse or landform it stands on and the survey quadrangle it falls on. The 11 places that were also surveyed for fire insurance come first, with the number of atlases and photographs held for them.
Deerfield town · 01342 · On The Oxbow · Greenfield quadrangle
32 sheets, 1890 to 1990
Fire insurance: 2 atlases
Greenfield city · 01301 · On Graves Brook · Greenfield quadrangle
32 sheets, 1890 to 1990
Fire insurance: 8 atlases
Erving town · 01344 · On East Mineral Hill · Millers Falls quadrangle
32 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Fire insurance: 3 atlases
Montague town · 01351 · On Pond Brook · Greenfield quadrangle
32 sheets, 1890 to 1990
Fire insurance: 3 atlases
Northfield town · 01360 · On Mill Brook · Northfield quadrangle
36 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Fire insurance: 5 atlases
Orange town · 01364 · On Fall Hill Brook · Orange quadrangle
32 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Fire insurance: 8 atlases
Shelburne town · 01370 · On West Mountain · Shelburne Falls quadrangle
34 sheets, 1890 to 1990
Fire insurance: 6 atlases
Deerfield town · 01373 · On North Sugarloaf Mountain · Mount Toby quadrangle
42 sheets, 1885 to 1990
Fire insurance: 3 atlases
Sunderland town · 01375 · On South Sugarloaf Mountain · Mount Toby quadrangle
42 sheets, 1885 to 1990
Fire insurance: 3 atlases
Montague town · 01376 · On Canada Hill · Greenfield quadrangle
32 sheets, 1890 to 1990
Fire insurance: 7 atlases
Bernardston town · 01337 · On West Mountain · Bernardston quadrangle
37 sheets, 1890 to 1998
Buckland town · 01330 · On Smith Brook · Ashfield quadrangle
32 sheets, 1886 to 1998
Conway town · 01341 · On Johnny Bean Brook · Shelburne Falls quadrangle
34 sheets, 1890 to 1990
Warwick town · 01378 · On Mallard Hill · Mount Grace quadrangle
34 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Bernardston town · 01337 · On Otter Brook · Bernardston quadrangle
37 sheets, 1890 to 1998
Conway town · 01341 · On Pumpkin Hollow Brook · Shelburne Falls quadrangle
34 sheets, 1890 to 1990
New Salem town · 01355 · On Camel Brook · Quabbin Reservoir quadrangle
32 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Charlemont town · 01370 · On Third Brook · Ashfield quadrangle
32 sheets, 1886 to 1998
Deerfield town · 01342 · On Woolman Hill · Greenfield quadrangle
32 sheets, 1890 to 1990
Greenfield city · 01301 · On Deerfield River · Greenfield quadrangle
32 sheets, 1890 to 1990
Leverett town · 01054 · On Roaring Brook · Shutesbury quadrangle
35 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Northfield town · 01360 · On Minot Brook · Northfield quadrangle
36 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Northfield town · 01360 · On Newton Brook · Northfield quadrangle
36 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Shelburne town · 01370 · On Stewart Brook · Colrain quadrangle
36 sheets, 1890 to 1998
Whately town · 01373 · On Great Swamp Brook · Mount Toby quadrangle
42 sheets, 1885 to 1990
Greenfield city · 01301 · On Fall Brook · Greenfield quadrangle
32 sheets, 1890 to 1990
No longer a settlement
Colrain town · 01340 · On Foundry Brook · Colrain quadrangle
36 sheets, 1890 to 1998
Northfield town · 01360 · On Merriam Brook · Northfield quadrangle
36 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Colrain town · 01340 · On East Branch North River · Colrain quadrangle
36 sheets, 1890 to 1998
Montague town · 01349 · On East Mineral Hill · Millers Falls quadrangle
32 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Rowe town · 01367 · On Beaver Island · Rowe quadrangle
34 sheets, 1886 to 1998
Montague town · 01347 · On Hannegan Brook · Greenfield quadrangle
32 sheets, 1890 to 1990
Leverett town · 01054 · On Long Plain Brook · Mount Toby quadrangle
42 sheets, 1885 to 1990
Shutesbury town · 01072 · On Tyler Brook · Millers Falls quadrangle
32 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Deerfield town · 01373 · On The Bars · Shelburne Falls quadrangle
34 sheets, 1890 to 1990
New Salem town · 01355 · On Nelson Island · Quabbin Reservoir quadrangle
32 sheets, 1887 to 1990
No longer a settlement
Montague town · 01376 · On Smead Island · Greenfield quadrangle
32 sheets, 1890 to 1990
Montague town · 01351 · On Pond Brook · Greenfield quadrangle
32 sheets, 1890 to 1990
Leverett town · 01054 · On Williams Brook · Shutesbury quadrangle
35 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Northfield town · 01360 · On Bailey Brook · Northfield quadrangle
36 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Bernardston town · 01337 · On Shattuck Brook · Bernardston quadrangle
37 sheets, 1890 to 1998
Leverett town · 01054 · On Stacy Mountain · Millers Falls quadrangle
32 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Orange town · 01364 · On Poor Farm Brook · Mount Grace quadrangle
34 sheets, 1887 to 1990
New Salem town · 01355 · On Packard Mountain · Quabbin Reservoir quadrangle
32 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Sunderland town · 01375 · On Gunn Brook · Greenfield quadrangle
32 sheets, 1890 to 1990
Northfield town · 01360 · On Fourmile Brook · Millers Falls quadrangle
32 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Orange town · 01364 · On Little Tully Mountain · Royalston quadrangle
36 sheets, 1887 to 1988
Shutesbury town · 01002 · On Nurse Brook · Shutesbury quadrangle
35 sheets, 1887 to 1990
New Salem town · 01355 · On Prescott Hill · Quabbin Reservoir quadrangle
32 sheets, 1887 to 1990
No longer a settlement
New Salem town · 01355 · On Prescott Hill · Quabbin Reservoir quadrangle
32 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Conway town · 01341 · In Norton Hollow · Williamsburg quadrangle
42 sheets, 1885 to 1990
Northfield town · 01360 · On East Wait Brook · Northfield quadrangle
36 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Shelburne town · 01370 · On Dragon Hill · Shelburne Falls quadrangle
34 sheets, 1890 to 1990
New Salem town · 01355 · On Thurston Brook · Winsor Dam quadrangle
32 sheets, 1887 to 1985
No longer a settlement
Wendell town · 01379 · On Locks Hill · Millers Falls quadrangle
32 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Ashfield town · 01330 · On Bassett Meadow · Ashfield quadrangle
32 sheets, 1886 to 1998
Wendell town · 01380 · On Osgood Brook · Millers Falls quadrangle
32 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Shelburne town · 01370 · On Patten Hill · Shelburne Falls quadrangle
34 sheets, 1890 to 1990
Warwick town · 01378 · On Little Mount Grace · Mount Grace quadrangle
34 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Deerfield town · 01342 · On Mill Brook Stream · Shelburne Falls quadrangle
34 sheets, 1890 to 1990
Northfield town · 01360 · On Newton Brook · Northfield quadrangle
36 sheets, 1887 to 1990
Whately town · 01093 · On Great Swamp Brook · Williamsburg quadrangle
42 sheets, 1885 to 1990
32 topographic sheets and 8 fire insurance atlases, 1887 to 1948
32 topographic sheets and 8 fire insurance atlases, 1884 to 1950
32 topographic sheets and 7 fire insurance atlases, 1884 to 1940
34 topographic sheets and 6 fire insurance atlases, 1885 to 1942
36 topographic sheets and 5 fire insurance atlases, 1902 to 1933
32 topographic sheets and 3 fire insurance atlases, 1914 to 1930
32 topographic sheets and 3 fire insurance atlases, 1914 to 1930
42 topographic sheets and 3 fire insurance atlases, 1912 to 1929
42 topographic sheets and 3 fire insurance atlases, 1915 to 1929
32 topographic sheets and 2 fire insurance atlases, 1912 to 1912
0 topographic sheets and 2 fire insurance atlases, 1915 to 1915
The complete index, with nothing left out. Each of these is a separate record with its own page: a federal survey report, or the case file that argued a property on to the National Register. Both are public domain and reproduced word for word.
The vanished settlements of Franklin County, the places these records name that are no longer on the map.
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